Cisco Wide Area Virtualization
Engine 274 and 474 Hardware
Installation Guide
November 2008
Americas Headquarters
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All other trademarks mentioned in this document or website are the property of their respective owners. The use of the word partner does not imply
a partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company. (0809R)
Any Internet Protocol (IP) addresses used in this document are not intended to be actual addresses. Any examples, command display output, and
figures included in the document are shown for illustrative purposes only. Any use of actual IP addresses in illustrative content is unintentional and
coincidental.
This document may reproduce requested material from HP. Copyright 2007 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Reproduced with
Permission.
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C O N T E N T S
Preface ix
C H A P T E R
1
2
Introducing the Cisco Wide Area Virtualization Engine 1-1
C H A P T E R
Safety Warnings 2-1
Safety Guidelines 2-4
C H A P T E R
3
Installing the WAVE Appliance in an Equipment Rack 3-5
Rack-Mounting Considerations 3-5
Rack Requirements 3-6
Connecting Cables 3-6
Connecting Power and Booting the System 3-6
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Contents
C H A P T E R
4
WAVE Inline Network Adapter 4-1
C H A P T E R
5
Symptoms and Solutions 5-8
Power-On Self Test (POST) 5-12
Interpreting POST Diagnostic Front Panel LEDs and Beep Codes 5-16
A P P E N D I X
A
Wide Area Virtualization Engine Hardware Specifications A-1
Appliance Specifications A-1
Inline Adapter Specifications A-4
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Contents
A P P E N D I X
B
Maintaining the Wide Area Virtualization Engine B-1
Temperature B-2
Humidity B-3
Altitude B-3
Corrosion B-4
Electrostatic Discharge B-4
Electromagnetic and Radio Frequency Interference B-5
Magnetism B-5
Shock and Vibration B-6
Power Source Interruptions B-6
Using Power Protection Devices B-7
Surge Protectors B-7
Line Conditioners B-8
Uninterruptible Power Supplies B-8
I
N D E X
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Contents
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Preface
274 and 474 Hardware Installation Guide, who should read it, how it is organized,
and its document conventions.
This preface contains the following sections:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Purpose, page ix
Audience, page x
Organization, page x
Conventions, page xi
Related Documentation, page xviii
Obtaining Documentation, Obtaining Support, and Security Guidelines,
page xix
Purpose
This installation guide explains how to prepare your site for installation, how to
install a Wide Area Virtualization Engine (WAVE) appliance, and how to maintain
and troubleshoot the system hardware. After completing the hardware installation
procedures covered in this guide, you will then use the appropriate related
publications to configure your system. (See the “Related Documentation” section
on page xviii.)
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Preface
Audience
To use this installation guide, you should be familiar with internetworking
equipment and cabling, and have a basic knowledge of electronic circuitry and
wiring practices.
To complete the installation, including the software configuration for your WAVE
appliance and for the router that works with the WAVE appliance, you should be
familiar with basic networking principles, router configuration, and web page
protocols.
Warning
Only trained and qualified personnel should be allowed to install, replace, or
service this equipment. Statement 1030
Organization
This guide includes the following chapters:
Chapter Title
Introducing the Cisco Wide Describes the physical properties
Description
Chapter 1
Area Virtualization Engine
and provides a functional overview
of the Cisco Wide Area
Virtualization Engine 274 and 474.
Chapter 2
Preparing to Install the Wide Describes safety considerations
Area Virtualization Engine
and gives an overview of the
installation and procedures that
you should perform before the
actual installation.
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Installing the Wide Area
Virtualization Engine
Describes how to install the
hardware and connect the external
network interface cables.
WAVE Inline Network
Adapter
Describes the Cisco WAVE inline
network adapter and how to use it.
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Preface
Chapter
Title
Description
Chapter 5
Hardware
procedures for the hardware
installation.
Appendix A Wide Area Virtualization
Engine Hardware
Gives a summary of the hardware
features and specifications.
Specifications
Appendix B Maintaining the Wide Area Describes how to maintain the
Virtualization Engine Wide Area Virtualization Engine.
Conventions
Command descriptions use the following conventions:
Convention
boldface font
italic font
[ ]
Description
Commands and keywords are in boldface.
Variables for which you supply values are in italics.
Elements in square brackets are optional.
{x | y | z}
Alternative keywords are grouped in braces and separated
by vertical bars.
[x | y | z]
Optional alternative keywords are grouped in brackets and
separated by vertical bars.
string
A nonquoted set of characters. Do not use quotation marks
around the string, or the string will include the
quotation marks.
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Preface
Screen examples use the following conventions:
Convention
Description
screen font
Terminal sessions and information the system displays are
in screen font.
boldface screen Information you must enter is in boldface screenfont.
font
italic screen
Variables for which you supply values are in italic screen
font
font.
^
The symbol ^ represents the key labeled Control—for
example, the key combination ^D in a screen display means
hold down the Control key while you press the D key.
< >
Nonprinting characters, such as passwords, are in angle
brackets.
[ ]
!, #
Default responses to system prompts are in square brackets.
An exclamation point (!) or a pound sign (#) at the
beginning of a line of code indicates a comment line.
Notes, cautionary statements, and safety warnings use these conventions:
Note
Means reader take note. Notes contain helpful suggestions or references to
materials not contained in this manual.
Caution
Means reader be careful. You are capable of doing something that might result in
equipment damage or loss of data.
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Preface
Warning
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
This warning symbol means danger. You are in a situation that could cause
bodily injury. Before you work on any equipment, be aware of the hazards
involved with electrical circuitry and be familiar with standard practices for
preventing accidents. Use the statement number provided at the end of each
warning to locate its translation in the translated safety warnings that
accompanied this device. Statement 1071
SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS
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Preface
Related Documentation
The WAVE appliance supports the Cisco Wide Area Application Services
software (WAAS). The WAVE appliance can function as either a WAAS Central
Manager or as an Application Acceleration Engine.
The Cisco WAAS software document set includes the following documents:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Release Note for Cisco Wide Area Application Services
Cisco Wide Area Application Services Command Reference
Cisco Wide Area Application Services Quick Configuration Guide
Cisco Wide Area Application Services Configuration Guide
Cisco Wide Area Application Services API Reference
Cisco WAAS Installation and Configuration Guide for Windows on a Virtual
Blade
The documentation for this product also includes the following hardware-related
documents:
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Preface
•
Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information for the Cisco Wide Area
Virtualization Engines
Obtaining Documentation, Obtaining Support, and
Security Guidelines
For information on obtaining documentation, obtaining support, providing
documentation feedback, security guidelines, and also recommended aliases and
general Cisco documents, see the monthly What’s New in Cisco Product
Documentation, which also lists all new and revised Cisco technical
documentation, at:
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CH A P T E R 1
Introducing the Cisco Wide Area
Virtualization Engine
This chapter provides a basic functional overview of the Cisco Wide Area
Virtualization Engine (WAVE) 274 and 474 appliances and describes the
hardware, major components, and front and back panel indicators and controls.
This chapter contains the following sections:
•
•
Supported Products, page 1-1
Hardware Features, page 1-2
Note
Throughout this book, references to the WAVE appliance include the WAVE-274
and WAVE-474 appliances, unless specifically noted otherwise.
Supported Products
The WAVE-274 and WAVE-474 appliances support Cisco Wide Area Application
Services (WAAS) software version 4.1.1 and later releases.
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Chapter 1 Introducing the Cisco Wide Area Virtualization Engine
Hardware Features
Hardware Features
This section illustrates and describes the front and back panel controls, ports, and
LED indicators on the WAVE-274 and WAVE-474. It contains the following
topics:
•
•
Front Panel Controls and LEDs, page 1-2
Location of Ports and Connectors, page 1-3
Front Panel Controls and LEDs
Figure 1-1 shows the front panel controls and LEDs.
Figure 1-1 WAVE-274 and WAVE-474 Front Panel
1
2
3
4
Power button
LEDs
2 USB 2.0 ports (not supported)
CD/DVD optical drive
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Chapter 1 Introducing the Cisco Wide Area Virtualization Engine
Hardware Features
The power control button powers up and powers down the system.
Note
Any USB connector can be used to connect a keyboard, and the video connector
can be used to connect a monitor. The keyboard and monitor are used only during
the BIOS boot process for troubleshooting purposes. After the BIOS boots, all
input and output for the appliance is by way of the serial console port.
Table 1-1 describes the front panel LEDs and their functions.
Table 1-1
Front Panel LEDs
LED
Color
State
Description
Power-on
Green
Red
On
Appliance is powered on.
Off
AC power is not present. Power supply or
LED has failed.
Flashing There is a problem with the computer and it is
displaying a diagnostic code. See the
“Troubleshooting the System Hardware”
section on page 5-1.
Hard disk drive activity
DVD-ROM drive activity
Green
Green
Flashing Hard disk drive is in use.
CD/DVD drive is in use.
The WAVE-274 and WAVE-474 appliances support one Ethernet port and one
console port. This section contains the following topics:
•
•
Ethernet Port Connector, page 1-5
Console Port Serial Connector, page 1-6
Figure 1-2 shows the back panel ports and connectors.
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Hardware Features
Warning
To avoid electric shock, do not connect safety extra-low voltage (SELV) circuits
to telephone-network voltage (TNV) circuits. LAN ports contain SELV circuits,
and WAN ports contain TNV circuits. Some LAN and WAN ports both use RJ-45
connectors. Use caution when connecting cables. Statement 1021
Figure 1-2 shows the location of the back panel connectors, and Table 1-2
describes the connector functions.
Figure 1-2
Back Panel LEDs and Connectors
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
PS/2 mouse port (unused)
4 USB ports (unused)
PS/2 keyboard port (unused)
Console port (RS232 serial COM1 port)
VGA port (unused)
Ethernet port (RJ-45 LAN jack)
Inline adapter (2 ports)
AC power connector
Note
Any USB connector can be used to connect a keyboard, and the video connector
can be used to connect a monitor. The keyboard and monitor are used only during
the BIOS boot process for troubleshooting purposes. After the BIOS boots, all
input and output for the appliance is by way of the serial console port.
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Chapter 1 Introducing the Cisco Wide Area Virtualization Engine
Hardware Features
Table 1-2
Back Panel LEDs
LED
Color
State
Description
Ethernet link
Green
On
Active link connection on the 10BASE-T,
100BASE-TX, or 1000BASE-TX interface for
the Ethernet port.
Ethernet activity
Green
On
System is transmitting to or receiving signals
from the Ethernet LAN that is connected to the
Ethernet port.
Ethernet Port Connector
Connect a Category 3, 4, or 5 unshielded twisted-pair cable to the Ethernet
connector. 100BASE-TX and 1000BASE-T Fast Ethernet standards require
Category 5 or higher cabling. The WAVE appliance has one Ethernet connector
(see Figure 1-3).
The Ethernet controller is integrated on the system board. It provides an interface
for connecting to a 10-Mbps, 100-Mbps, or 1-Gbps network and provides
full-duplex (FDX) capability, which enables simultaneous transmission and
reception of data on the network. If the Ethernet port in the server supports auto
negotiation, the controllers detect the data-transfer rate (10BASE-T,
100BASE-TX, or 1000BASE-T) and duplex mode (full duplex or half duplex) of
the network and automatically operate at that rate and mode. You do not have to
set any jumpers or configure the controller.
Figure 1-3
Ethernet Port Connector
Link LED
(green)
Activity LED
(green)
8
1
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Chapter 1 Introducing the Cisco Wide Area Virtualization Engine
Hardware Features
Console Port Serial Connector
The WAVE-274 and WAVE-474 appliances have one console port (see
Figure 1-4). Use the console port serial connector to connect to a console for
accessing the WAAS command-line interface (CLI) or other serial device.
Figure 1-4
Console Port Serial Connector
5
1
6
9
Note
The WAVE appliance has two serial ports on the rear panel. Be sure to connect
your console cable only to the port labeled COM1 or CONSOLE.
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CH A P T E R 2
Preparing to Install the Wide Area
Virtualization Engine
working with the WAVE appliance. Use the guidelines in this chapter to ensure
your own personal safety and to help protect your appliance from potential
damage.
This chapter contains the following sections:
•
•
Safety Warnings, page 2-1
Safety Guidelines, page 2-4
Note
Read the Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information for the Cisco Content
Networking Product Series document and the Site Preparation and Safety Guide
that came with your appliance before you begin the installation.
Safety Warnings
Before you install the WAVE appliance, observe the following safety warnings.
Warning
Only trained and qualified personnel should be allowed to install, replace, or
service this equipment. Statement 1030
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Safety Warnings
Warning
Warning
Warning
Read the installation instructions before connecting the system to the power
source. Statement 1004
Before working on a system that has an on/off switch, turn OFF the power and
unplug the power cord. Statement 1
This unit is intended for installation in restricted access areas. A restricted
access area is where access can only be gained by service personnel through
the use of a special tool, lock and key, or other means of security, and is
controlled by the authority responsible for the location. Statement 37
Warning
Warning
Warning
Warning
To avoid electric shock, do not connect safety extra-low voltage (SELV) circuits
to telephone-network voltage (TNV) circuits. LAN ports contain SELV circuits,
and WAN ports contain TNV circuits. Some LAN and WAN ports both use RJ-45
connectors. Use caution when connecting cables. Statement 1021
This product relies on the building’s installation for short-circuit (overcurrent)
protection. Ensure that a fuse or circuit breaker no larger than 120 VAC, 15A U.S.
(240 VAC, 10A international) is used on the phase conductors (all
current-carrying conductors). Statement 13
This equipment must be grounded. Never defeat the ground conductor or
operate the equipment in the absence of a suitably installed ground conductor.
Contact the appropriate electrical inspection authority or an electrician if you
are uncertain that suitable grounding is available. Statement 1024
Do not work on the system or connect or disconnect cables during periods of
lightning activity. Statement 1001
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Safety Warnings
Warning
Before working on equipment that is connected to power lines, remove jewelry
(including rings, necklaces, and watches). Metal objects will heat up when
connected to power and ground and can cause serious burns or weld the metal
object to the terminals. Statement 43
Warning
Warning
When installing or replacing the unit, the ground connection must always be
made first and disconnected last. Statement 1046
The safety cover is an integral part of the product. Do not operate the unit
without the safety cover installed. Operating the unit without the cover in place
will invalidate the safety approvals and pose a risk of fire and electrical
hazards. Statement 117
Warning
Blank faceplates and cover panels serve three important functions: they
prevent exposure to hazardous voltages and currents inside the chassis; they
contain electromagnetic interference (EMI) that might disrupt other equipment;
and they direct the flow of cooling air through the chassis. Do not operate the
system unless all cards, faceplates, front covers, and rear covers are in place.
Statement 1029
Warning
There is the danger of explosion if the battery is replaced incorrectly. Replace
the battery only with the same or equivalent type recommended by the
manufacturer. Dispose of used batteries according to the manufacturer’s
instructions. Statement 1015
Warning
Warning
Ultimate disposal of this product should be handled according to all national
laws and regulations. Statement 1040
Installation of the equipment must comply with local and national electrical
codes. Statement 1074
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Safety Guidelines
Warning
To prevent bodily injury when mounting or servicing this unit in a rack, you
must take special precautions to ensure that the system remains stable. The
following guidelines are provided to ensure your safety:
•
•
This unit should be mounted at the bottom of the rack if it is the only unit in the rack.
When mounting this unit in a partially filled rack, load the rack from the bottom to the
top with the heaviest component at the bottom of the rack.
•
If the rack is provided with stabilizing devices, install the stabilizers before mounting
or servicing the unit in the rack. Statement 1006
Safety Guidelines
To reduce the risk of bodily injury, electrical shock, fire, and damage to the
equipment, observe the precautions in this section.
This section contains the following topics:
•
•
•
General Precautions, page 2-4
System Reliability Considerations, page 2-6
Protecting Against Electrostatic Discharge, page 2-7
General Precautions
Observe the following general precautions for using and working with the WAVE
appliance:
•
Observe and follow service markings. Do not service any Cisco product
except as explained in your system documentation. Opening or removing
covers that are marked with the triangular symbol with a lightning bolt may
expose you to electrical shock. Components inside these compartments
should be serviced only by a trained and qualified service technician.
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Safety Guidelines
•
If any of the following conditions occur, unplug the product from the
electrical outlet and replace the part or contact your customer service
representative:
–
–
–
–
–
The power cable or plug is damaged.
An object has fallen into the product.
The product has been exposed to water.
The product has been dropped or damaged.
The product does not operate correctly when you follow the operating
instructions.
•
•
•
Keep your system components away from radiators and heat sources. Also,
do not block cooling vents.
Do not spill food or liquids on your system components, and never operate
the product in a wet environment.
Do not push any objects into the openings of your system components. Doing
so can cause fire or electric shock by shorting out interior components.
•
•
Use the product only with other Cisco-approved equipment.
Allow the product to cool before removing covers or touching
internal components.
•
Use the correct external power source. Operate the product only from the type
of power source indicated on the electrical ratings label. If you are not sure
of the type of power source required, consult your service representative or
local power company.
•
Use only approved power cables. If you have not been provided with a power
cable for your WAVE appliance or for any AC-powered option intended for
your system, purchase a power cable that is approved for use in your country.
The power cable must be rated for the product and for the voltage and current
marked on the product’s electrical ratings label. The voltage and current
rating of the cable should be greater than the ratings marked on the product.
•
To help prevent electric shock, plug the system components and peripheral
power cables into properly grounded electrical outlets. These cables are
equipped with three-prong plugs to help ensure proper grounding. Do not use
adapter plugs or remove the grounding prong from a cable.
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Safety Guidelines
•
Observe power strip ratings. Make sure that the total ampere rating of all
products plugged into the power strip does not exceed 80 percent of the power
strip ampere ratings limit.
•
•
Do not use appliance or voltage converters or kits sold for appliances with
your product.
To help protect your system components from sudden, transient increases and
decreases in electrical power, use a surge suppressor, line conditioner, or
uninterruptible power supply (UPS).
•
•
Position cables and power cords carefully; route cables and the power cord
and plug so that they cannot be stepped on or tripped over. Be sure that
nothing rests on your system components’ cables or power cord.
Do not modify power cables or plugs. Consult a licensed electrician or your
power company for site modifications. Always follow your local or national
wiring rules.
System Reliability Considerations
To help ensure proper cooling and system reliability, make sure that the following
occurs:
•
•
Each of the drive bays has either a drive or a filler panel installed.
For rack configurations, make sure that space is available around the
appliance to enable the cooling system to work properly. See the
documentation that comes with the rack for additional information.
•
•
The appliance cover is in place during normal operation.
The air baffle cover over the microprocessors remains closed during normal
operation.
•
•
•
The air baffle is installed between the fans and the power supply.
A removed hot-swappable drive is replaced within 2 minutes of removal.
Cables for optional adapters are routed according to the instructions provided
with the adapters.
•
•
A failed fan is replaced within 48 hours.
The appliance is powered down and the power cords are disconnected before
you open the air baffle cover.
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Safety Guidelines
•
The air baffle assembly is always installed in the appliance except when you
are installing or removing the components that are located under the air baffle
cover.
•
•
When the air baffle assembly is installed in the appliance, the air baffle cover
is always closed.
Microprocessor socket 2 always contains either a microprocessor baffle or
a microprocessor.
Protecting Against Electrostatic Discharge
Static electricity can harm delicate components inside the appliance. To prevent
static damage, discharge static electricity from your body before you touch any of
your system’s electronic components. You can do so by touching an unpainted
metal surface on the chassis.
You can also take the following steps to prevent damage from electrostatic
discharge (ESD):
•
When unpacking a static-sensitive component from its shipping carton, do not
remove the component from the antistatic packing material until you are
ready to install the component in your system. Just before unwrapping the
antistatic packaging, be sure to discharge static electricity from your body.
•
•
When transporting a sensitive component, first place it in an antistatic
container or packaging.
Handle all sensitive components in a static-safe area. If possible, use
antistatic floor pads and workbench pads.
•
•
•
Handle the device carefully, holding it by its edges or its frame.
Do not touch solder joints, pins, or exposed printed circuitry.
Do not leave the device where others can handle and possibly damage the
device.
•
Take additional care when handling devices during cold weather, because
heating reduces indoor humidity and increases static electricity.
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Safety Guidelines
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CH A P T E R 3
Installing the Wide Area Virtualization
Engine
appliance on a tabletop, on a wall, or in an equipment rack. This chapter contains
the following sections:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Connecting Cables, page 3-6
Connecting Power and Booting the System, page 3-6
Checking the LEDs, page 3-7
Removing or Replacing a WAVE Appliance, page 3-7
Before you begin the installation, read Chapter 2, “Preparing to Install the Wide
document.
Warning
Read the installation instructions before connecting the system to the power
source. Statement 1004
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Chapter 3 Installing the Wide Area Virtualization Engine
Installing the WAVE Appliance on a Tabletop
Installing the WAVE Appliance on a Tabletop
When you install a WAVE appliance on a workbench or tabletop, ensure that the
surface is clean and in a safe location and that you have considered the following
points:
•
The WAVE appliance should be installed off the floor. (Dust that accumulates
on the floor is drawn into the interior of the chassis by the cooling fans.
Excessive dust inside the WAVE appliance can cause overtemperature
conditions and component failures.)
•
•
There must be approximately 19 inches (48.26 cm) of clearance at the front
and rear of the WAVE appliance for accessing network cables or equipment.
The front should be completely clear. Leave 0.4 inches (10-mm) of clearance
on the sides and top of the appliance and at least 2.0 inches (50 mm) of
clearance in the rear. The rear vents should be completely clear.
To install the WAVE appliance on a workbench or tabletop, follow these steps:
Step 1
Remove any debris and dust from the tabletop or workbench, as well as from the
surrounding area. Also make sure that your path between the WAVE appliance and
its new location is unobstructed.
Step 2
Step 3
Place the chassis on the tabletop or workbench.
Ensure that no exhaust air from other equipment will be drawn into the chassis.
Also make sure that there is adequate clearance at the front and rear of the chassis.
Installing the WAVE Appliance on a Wall
You can mount the WAVE appliance on a wall or underneath a desk or workbench
using the optional mounting sleeve. See Figure 3-1 on page 3-3. Make sure that
you consider the location requirements as described in the “Installing the WAVE
Appliance on a Tabletop” section on page 3-2.
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Installing the WAVE Appliance on a Wall
Figure 3-1
WAVE-274 and WAVE-474 Appliance Mounting Sleeve
To mount your WAVE appliance using the mounting sleeve, follow these steps.
Power down the appliance before beginning the installation.
Step 1
Step 2
Orient the mounting sleeve as desired and attach it to the mounting surface using
the fasteners provided or other appropriate fasteners. See Figure 3-2 on page 3-4.
Caution
Mounting surfaces vary widely. We recommend that you use the
appropriate screws or other mounting solution for your type of surface.
Be sure your mounting solution is properly installed to support the
weight.
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Installing the WAVE Appliance on a Wall
Figure 3-2
Attaching the Mounting Sleeve
Step 3
Slide the WAVE appliance into the mounting sleeve as shown. See Figure 3-3 on
page 3-4.
Figure 3-3
Inserting the WAVE Appliance into the Mounting Sleeve
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Chapter 3 Installing the Wide Area Virtualization Engine
Installing the WAVE Appliance in an Equipment Rack
Rack
Use the optional rackmount shelf to install your WAVE-274 or WAVE-474 in an
equipment rack. Make sure that you follow the guidelines described in the
following topics:
•
•
Rack-Mounting Considerations, page 3-5
Rack Requirements, page 3-6
Rack-Mounting Considerations
Before installing your WAVE appliance in a rack, review the following guidelines:
•
•
Ensure that the room air temperature is below 95 °F (35 °C).
Do not block any air vents; usually 6 inches (15 cm) of space provides proper
airflow.
•
•
•
•
Plan the device installation starting from the bottom of the rack.
Install the heaviest device in the bottom of the rack.
Do not extend more than one device out of the rack at the same time.
Remove the rack doors and side panels to provide easier access during
installation.
•
•
Connect the WAVE appliance to a properly grounded outlet.
Do not overload the power outlet when installing multiple devices in the rack.
Caution
Caution
Use safe practices when lifting.
Do not place any object weighing more than 110 lb (50 kg) on top of
rack-mounted devices.
Caution
Install the appliance only in a rack cabinet with perforated doors.
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Connecting Cables
Rack Requirements
Install your WAVE appliance in a rack that meets the following requirements:
•
•
•
Minimum depth of 2.76 inches (70 mm) between the front mounting flange
and inside of the front door.
Minimum depth of 6.18 inches (157 mm) between the rear mounting flange
and inside of the rear door.
Minimum depth of 28.27 inches (718 mm) and maximum depth of 30 inches
(762 mm) between the front and rear mounting flanges to support the use of
the cable-management arm.
Racks are marked in vertical increments of 1.75 inches (4.44 cm). Each increment
is referred to as a rack unit (RU). A 1-RU device is 1.75 inches (4.44 cm) tall.
Connecting Cables
To connect cables to your WAVE appliance, follow these steps:
Step 1
Step 2
Power down the appliance before connecting cables to or disconnecting any
cables from the appliance.
See the documentation that comes with your optional equipment for additional
install specific optional equipment.
Step 3
See the cable identifiers that are printed on the cables that come with the WAVE
appliance and options. Use these identifiers to connect the cables to the correct
connectors.
Figure 1-2 shows the locations of the input and output connectors on your
appliance.
Connecting Power and Booting the System
To connect power to your system, follow these steps:
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Checking the LEDs
Step 1
Step 2
Review the information in the “Safety Guidelines” section on page 2-4.
Plug a power cord into the power cord receptacle on the back of the WAVE
appliance.
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5
Connect the other end of the power cord to a power source at your installation site.
Power up all externally connected devices.
Press the power control button on the front of the WAVE appliance.
The system should begin booting. Once the operating system boots, you are ready
to initialize the basic software configuration. (See the software configuration
guide for details.)
Note
While the WAVE appliance is powering up, the green power-on LED on
the front of the WAVE appliance is on.
Checking the LEDs
When the WAVE appliance is up and running, observe the front panel LEDs (see
Figure 1-1 and Table 1-1) to verify that your system is operating properly.
To troubleshoot using the LEDs, see Chapter 5, “Troubleshooting the System
Hardware.”
Removing or Replacing a WAVE Appliance
To remove a WAVE appliance from your network, power it down, disconnect the
power cords and network cables, and physically remove the chassis from the rack.
The WAVE appliance is in constant communication with the router on your
network. When the router notices that the WAVE appliance is no longer
responding to it, the router stops sending requests to the WAVE appliance. This
action is transparent to users. If other WAVE appliances are attached to the router,
the router continues sending requests to the other WAVE appliances.
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Removing or Replacing a WAVE Appliance
When you remove a WAVE appliance, the pages that were cached on that device
are no longer available to the router or other WAVE appliances. You might see an
increase in outgoing web traffic that might have otherwise been fulfilled by the
WAVE appliance that you are removing. However, after a time, the router and
other WAVE appliances redistribute the load of web traffic.
If you remove the last WAVE appliance from your network, you can also disable
WAVE appliance support on the router. However, this action is not necessary
because leaving WAVE appliance support enabled when there are no WAVE
appliances attached has no effect on the router’s performance.
To replace a WAVE appliance, remove it from the network, and then install a new
WAVE appliance and configure it using the same configuration parameters (IP
address and so forth) that you used for the removed WAVE appliance.
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CH A P T E R 4
following sections:
•
•
•
•
Ports and LED Indicators, page 4-3
Inline Network Adapter Cabling Requirements, page 4-4
Installation Scenarios and Cabling Examples for Fast Ethernet Connections,
page 4-7
For adapter specifications, see Table A-2 in Appendix A, “Wide Area
Virtualization Engine Hardware Specifications”.
Inline Network Adapter Description
The WAVE-274 and WAVE-474 appliances include one 2-port Gigabit Ethernet
inline network adapter.
The Cisco WAVE inline network adapter provides inline traffic interception
capability for your appliance. When you configure the WAVE appliance for inline
interception mode, you can set attributes to control which interfaces are to be used
over which VLANs. By default, the adapter operates on all inline-capable
interfaces and VLANs. You can configure the inline redirection feature using the
WAAS CLI or the WAAS Central Manager GUI.
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Chapter 4 WAVE Inline Network Adapter
Inline Network Adapter Description
Note
Throughout this section, we refer to a WAVE appliance configured for inline
interception mode as a WAVE inline appliance.
The WAAS software defines two new interface types: A group interface that
represents an inline pair grouping and a port interface that represents the
individual port. These interfaces are referred to as inlineGroup and inlinePort.
InlineGroup interfaces are numbered using the format slot/group. The slot number
is the slot in which the adapter is inserted. The group number is either 0 or 1 (each
adapter has 2 group pairs). The group number is displayed on the adapter label.
InlinePort interfaces are numbered slot/group/lan or slot/group/wan. The last
attribute is the LAN or WAN designator.
The inline network adapter also includes an onboard programmable watchdog
timer (WDT) controller that allows you to set the time to wait after a failure event,
such as a power outage or a kernel crash, before the unit begins to operate in
mechanical bypass mode. In mechanical bypass mode, the traffic is bridged
between the LAN and WAN ports of each group. Mechanical bypass mode
prevents the WAVE appliance from becoming a single point of failure and allows
traffic to continue to flow between the router and the client while it passes through
an unresponsive WAVE appliance without being processed.
For more information about configuring the inline network adapter, see the Cisco
Wide Area Application Services Configuration Guide.
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Chapter 4 WAVE Inline Network Adapter
Ports and LED Indicators
Ports and LED Indicators
Figure 4-1 shows the 2-port inline network adapter port numbers, interface
designations, and LEDs.
Figure 4-1
2-Port Inline Network Adapter Port Numbering and LEDs
W0 L0
LINK/ACT
100
BYPASS
1000
W0
L0
W0 Port WAN0; Group 0 WAN interface
L0
Port LAN0: Group 0 LAN interface
The inline network adapter has three LEDs that correspond to each port (the W0
LEDs correspond to Port W0, and the W1 LEDs correspond to Port W1).
Table 4-1 describes the LEDs.
Table 4-1
Inline Network Adapter LEDs
LEDs
State
On
Description
Link / Activity
The 10/100/1000BASE-T interface is receiving power.
The Ethernet link is transmitting data.
Blinking
On
100
The speed of the Ethernet connection is 100BASE-TX.
The speed of the Ethernet connection is 1000BASE-TX.
1000
Bypass
On
Both the 100 and The corresponding ports are in mechanical bypass mode.
1000 LEDs are
on
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Chapter 4 WAVE Inline Network Adapter
Inline Network Adapter Cabling Requirements
Inline Network Adapter Cabling Requirements
The inline network adapter ships with two types of cables: crossover and
straight-through. When you connect the WAVE inline network adapter, the cable
that you use depends on the link speed (Gigabit Ethernet or Fast Ethernet) and the
types of devices (DCE or DTE) being connected.
Note
You must retain the same link speed from one end of the connection to the other
end. Inline adapter interfaces are able to autonegotiate link speeds. If you
configure any of your connecting interfaces for Fast Ethernet (whether on a switch
or a router), your WAVE inline adapter uses Fast Ethernet. If you configure any
of your connecting interfaces for Gigabit Ethernet, your WAVE inline adapter
uses Gigabit Ethernet. Speed and duplex settings are port specific so that two
If you are connecting a WAVE inline appliance between two devices using Gigabit
Ethernet, you can use either straight-through cables, crossover cables, or any
combination of the two cable types, regardless of the type of device. However, for
consistency, we recommend that you use straight-through cables for all Gigabit
Ethernet connections.
Table 4-2 shows the cable requirements for WAVE appliance and non-WAVE
appliance connections when you are using Gigabit Ethernet end to end.
Table 4-2
Cable Requirements for WAVE Connections Using Gigabit
Ethernet
Connection
Required Cable
Switch to switch (no WAVE)
Switch to router (no WAVE)
Router to router (no WAVE)
Switch to WAVE and
WAVE to Router
Crossover or straight-through
Crossover or straight-through
Crossover or straight-through
Crossover or straight-through
Crossover or straight-through
Crossover or straight-through
Crossover or straight-through
Switch to WAVE and
WAVE to Switch
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Chapter 4 WAVE Inline Network Adapter
Inline Network Adapter Cabling Requirements
Table 4-2
Cable Requirements for WAVE Connections Using Gigabit
Ethernet (continued)
Connection
Required Cable
Router to WAVE and
Crossover or straight-through
Crossover or straight-through
Crossover or straight-through
WAVE to Router
WAVE to WAVE
Some switches support automatic medium-dependent interface crossover
(MDIX). You can configure MDIX by using the mdix auto global configuration
switch command. If your switch supports MDIX, you do not need to follow these
cabling rules because MDIX automatically adjusts transmit and receive pairs
when an incorrect cable type (crossover or straight-through) is installed on a
Caution
If you are connecting to Fast Ethernet ports on both the LAN and the WAN sides
of the WAVE inline appliance, you must consider the types of devices that are
being connected, and you must use the correct cables. You must follow these
cabling instructions for the inline network adapter to work properly. (See
Table 4-3. For illustrations and examples, see the “Installation Scenarios and
Cabling Examples for Fast Ethernet Connections” section on page 4-7.)
To connect the inline network adapter using the correct cables for Fast Ethernet
connections, follow these steps:
Step 1
Determine the type of cable that you would use for a direct connection between
your two end devices (without a WAVE inline network appliance connected
between them) by using the following standard cabling rules:
•
When you are directly connecting two network devices that are similar, such
as two switches, use a crossover cable.
•
When you are directly connecting two network devices that are different, such
as a switch and router, use a straight-through cable.
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Chapter 4 WAVE Inline Network Adapter
Inline Network Adapter Cabling Requirements
Note
Because the inline network adapter has an internal crossover connection
that becomes active when the InlineGroup interface is placed in
mechanical bypass mode, you must decide which cable you would use to
connect the two network devices directly, and then you must install the
other cable type (on one side, usually the WAN side of the inline
appliance) instead.
Table 4-3 shows the cable requirements for WAVE and non-WAVE connections
when you are using Fast Ethernet end to end.
Table 4-3
Cable Requirements for WAVE Connections Using Fast
Ethernet
Connection
Required Cable
Switch to switch (no WAVE)
Switch to router (no WAVE)
Router to router (no WAVE)
Switch to WAVE and
WAVE to Router
Crossover
Straight-through
Crossover
Straight-through
Crossover
Switch to WAVE and
WAVE to Switch
Straight-through
Straight-through
Straight-through
Straight-through
Crossover
Router to WAVE and
WAVE to Router
WAVE to WAVE
Step 2
Connect Fast Ethernet ports on both the LAN and the WAN sides of the WAVE
inline appliance by using the following cable types:
•
On the LAN side of the connection, use a straight-through cable between the
WAVE inline appliance and the network device.
•
On the WAN side of the connection, use the cable that is different from the
cable that you would use to connect the two network devices directly (as
determined in Step 1).
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Chapter 4 WAVE Inline Network Adapter
Installation Scenarios and Cabling Examples for Fast Ethernet Connections
For example, if you are connecting a router and a switch (two different
the LAN side of the connection and use a crossover cable on the WAN side
of the connection. (If you were connecting the two different devices directly,
you would use a straight-through cable, so use the crossover cable instead.)
If you are connecting two switches (or two similar devices), use
straight-through cables on both the LAN and the WAN sides of the WAVE
inline appliance.
Figure 4-2 and Figure 4-3 show which cables to use for the WAVE LAN and
WAN connections between Fast Ethernet ports.
Installation Scenarios and Cabling Examples for Fast
Ethernet Connections
WAVE appliances can be installed physically between two network devices (such
as the branch office router and branch office LAN switch) by connecting the
WAVE inline network adapter ports to the network devices using the proper
cables.
If you are connecting a WAVE inline appliance between two devices using Gigabit
Ethernet, you can use either straight-through cables, crossover cables, or any
combination of the two cable types, regardless of the type of device. This section
shows cabling examples for Fast Ethernet connections only, because Fast Ethernet
has specific cabling requirements.
Two WAVE appliances with inline network adapters can be installed back-to-back
in a serial fashion between two network devices for failover purposes. In this
serial cluster configuration, if one WAVE appliance fails or becomes overloaded,
the other WAVE appliance can provide optimization. (See Figure 4-2.)
Note
When you connect two WAVE inline appliances to each other serially, always use
a crossover cable between the two WAVE appliances. (See Figure 4-3.)
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Chapter 4 WAVE Inline Network Adapter
Installation Scenarios and Cabling Examples for Fast Ethernet Connections
Figure 4-2
Cabling for Serial Cluster Inline WAVEs with a Single WAN Connection
MGMT
WAN
1
2
3
Router B
LAN switch
WAVE1
WAVE2
1
3
Connection: WAVE 1 to LAN switch
Fast Ethernet: LAN0 (InlinePort 1/0/lan)
Cable type: Straight-through
2
Connection: WAVE 1 to WAVE 2
Fast Ethernet: WAVE1 WAN0
(InlinePort 1/0/wan) to WAVE 2 LAN0
(InlinePort 1/0/lan)
Cable type: Crossover
Connection: WAVE 2 to WAN router
Fast Ethernet: WAVE 2 WAN0
(InlinePort 1/0/wan)
Cable type: Crossover
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Chapter 4 WAVE Inline Network Adapter
Installation Scenarios and Cabling Examples for Fast Ethernet Connections
Figure 4-3
Cabling Between Two Inline WAVEs
WAN
WAVE2
inline adapter
3
Router
2
WAVE1
inline adapter
1
LAN switch
1
3
Connection: WAVE 1 to LAN switch
2
Connection: WAVE 1 to WAVE 2
Fast Ethernet: WAVE 1 LAN0
(InlinePort 1/0/lan)
Fast Ethernet: WAVE 1 WAN0
(InlinePort 1/0/wan) to WAVE 2 LAN0
(InlinePort 1/0/lan)
Cable type: Straight-through
Cable type: Crossover
Connection: WAVE 2 to WAN router
Fast Ethernet: WAVE 2 WAN0
(InlinePort 1/0/wan)
Cable type: Crossover
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Installation Scenarios and Cabling Examples for Fast Ethernet Connections
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CH A P T E R 5
Troubleshooting the System Hardware
some common problems that might occur with your Wide Area Virtualization
Engine (WAVE).
This chapter contains the following sections:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Identifying System Problems, page 5-2
Checking Connections and Switches, page 5-3
Troubleshooting the Ethernet Controller, page 5-4
Undetermined Problems, page 5-6
Problem-Solving Tips, page 5-7
Symptoms and Solutions, page 5-8
Power-On Self Test (POST), page 5-12
Use the information in this chapter to determine whether a problem originates
with the hardware or the software. For further assistance, contact your Cisco
customer service representative.
Caution
There are no customer-replaceable components inside your WAVE-274 or
WAVE-474 appliance. All faulty components can only be replaced by a qualified
service technician. Once you have identified a faulty component, contact the
Cisco Technical Assistance Center (TAC).
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Chapter 5 Troubleshooting the System Hardware
Identifying System Problems
Note
The WAAS software does not support the use of a keyboard or mouse
(Personal System/2 [PS/2] or Universal Serial Bus [USB]) for Linux and WAAS
software troubleshooting. However, the keyboard and mouse are supported by the
BIOS for power-on self-test (POST) and the diagnostic programs that are located
in the device ROM.
When console redirection is enabled, all the tests available from a keyboard are
accessible through the console connection as well. (Mouse support, however, is
not available through the console connection.)
You can run all the diagnostics and tests that are supported by the BIOS, with a
few exceptions. Tests for ports (such as the systems-management Ethernet
connector and the SAS connector) that are not supported by the WAAS software
are invalid.
Identifying System Problems
To identify system problems, follow these steps:
Step 1
Step 2
Check the front panel LED indicators. (See Table 5-10 on page 5-13.)
Power down the device and all external devices.
section on page 5-3.)
Step 5
Step 6
Power up the device.
Record any POST error messages that are displayed on the screen. If an error is
displayed, look up the first error in the “Power-On Self Test (POST)” section on
page 5-12.
Step 7
If you hear one or more beeps, find the beep code in the “Interpreting POST
Diagnostic Front Panel LEDs and Beep Codes” section on page 5-16. If
necessary, see the “Undetermined Problems” section on page 5-6.
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Chapter 5 Troubleshooting the System Hardware
Checking Connections and Switches
Checking Connections and Switches
Improperly set switches and controls and loose or improperly connected cables
are the most likely source of problems for the chassis or other external equipment.
A quick check of all the switches, controls, and cable connections can easily
solve these problems. (See Figure 1-1 for the location of front panel controls
and indicators. See Figure 1-2 for the location of back panel connectors on
the system.)
To check all the connections and switches, follow these steps:
Step 1
Step 2
outlets.
If the system is connected to a power strip (or power distribution unit), turn the
power strip off and then on again.
Is the power strip receiving power?
Yes. Go to Step 5.
No. Go to Step 3.
Step 3
Step 4
Plug the power strip into another electrical outlet.
Is the power strip receiving power?
Yes. The original electrical outlet probably does not function. Use a different
electrical outlet.
No. Go to Step 4.
Plug a system that you know works into the electrical outlet.
Does the system receive power?
Yes. The power strip is probably not functioning properly. Use another power
strip.
No. Go to Step 5.
Step 5
Step 6
Reconnect the system to the electrical outlet or power strip.
Make sure that all connections fit tightly together.
Power up the system.
Is the problem resolved?
Yes. The connections were loose. You have fixed the problem.
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Chapter 5 Troubleshooting the System Hardware
Troubleshooting the Ethernet Controller
No. Call your customer service representative. (See the “Obtaining
Documentation, Obtaining Support, and Security Guidelines” section on
page xix.)
This section provides troubleshooting information for problems that might occur
with the 10/100/1000-Mbps Ethernet controller.
This section contains the following topics:
•
•
Network Connection Problems, page 5-4
Ethernet Controller Troubleshooting Chart, page 5-5
Network Connection Problems
If the Ethernet controller cannot connect to the network, check the following
conditions:
•
Make sure that the cable is installed correctly.
The network cable must be securely attached at all connections. If the cable
is attached but the problem remains, try a different cable.
you must use Category 5 or higher cabling.
•
•
Determine whether the switch or device to which the WAVE appliance is
connected supports autonegotiation. If it does not, try configuring the
integrated Ethernet controller manually to match the speed and duplex mode
of the switch.
Check the Ethernet controller LEDs on the device back panel. (See
Figure 1-2.)
These LEDs indicate whether a problem exists with the connector, cable,
or switch:
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Chapter 5 Troubleshooting the System Hardware
Troubleshooting the Ethernet Controller
–
–
The Ethernet link status LED is on when the Ethernet controller receives
a link pulse from the switch. If the LED is off, there might be a defective
connector or cable or a problem with the switch.
The Ethernet activity LED is on when the Ethernet controller sends or
receives data over the Ethernet network. If the Ethernet activity LED is
off, make sure that the switch and network are operating and that the
correct device drivers are installed.
•
•
Make sure that you are using the correct device drivers that are supplied with
the same protocol.
Check for operating system-specific causes for the problem.
Ethernet Controller Troubleshooting Chart
Table 5-1 lists solutions to 10/100/1000-Mbps Ethernet controller problems.
Table 5-1
Ethernet Troubleshooting Chart
Ethernet Controller
Problem
Actions
Ethernet link status
LED does not work.
Check the following:
•
Make sure that the switch to which the WAVE appliance is connected is
powered on.
•
•
•
Check all connections at the Ethernet controller and the switch.
Use another port on the switch.
If the switch does not support autonegotiation, manually configure the
Ethernet controller to match the switch.
•
If you manually configured duplex mode, make sure that you also
manually configure the speed.
•
Reseat or replace the adapter.
The Ethernet activity Check the following:
LED does not work.
•
The network might be idle. Try sending data from this device.
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Chapter 5 Troubleshooting the System Hardware
Undetermined Problems
Table 5-1
Ethernet Troubleshooting Chart (continued)
Ethernet Controller
Problem
Actions
Data is incorrect or
sporadic.
Check the following:
•
Make sure that you are using Category 5 or higher cabling when operating
the device at 100 Mbps or 1000 Mbps.
•
Make sure that the cables do not run close to noise-inducing sources such
as fluorescent lights.
The Ethernet
Check the following:
controller stopped
working without
apparent cause.
•
•
Try a different connector on the switch.
Reseat or replace the adapter.
Undetermined Problems
Use the information in this section if the diagnostic tests did not identify the
failure, the devices list is incorrect, or the system is inoperative.
Note
Note
Damaged data in CMOS can cause undetermined problems.
Damaged data in the BIOS code can cause undetermined problems.
Check the front panel Power LED. If the LED indicates the power supply is
working correctly, follow these steps:
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Power down the device.
Make sure that the device is cabled correctly.
Remove or disconnect the following devices (one at a time) until you find the
failure (power up the device and reconfigure it each time):
•
•
Any non-Cisco devices
Surge suppressor device (on the device)
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Problem-Solving Tips
•
•
Disk drives
Memory modules
Caution
Step 4
Any component that is internal to the device must be serviced by trained and
qualified personnel. Contact your Cisco customer service representative.
Power up the device. If the problem remains, check the following parts in the
order listed:
a. Power backplane
b. System board
Note
Note
If the problem goes away when you remove an adapter from the system,
and replacing that adapter does not correct the problem, check the system
board.
If you suspect a networking problem and all the system tests pass, check
if there is a network cabling problem external to the system.
Problem-Solving Tips
Because of the variety of hardware and software combinations that can be
encountered, use the following information to assist you in identifying the
problems. If possible, have this information available when requesting technical
assistance.
•
•
•
Machine type and model
Microprocessor or hard disk upgrades
Failure symptom
–
–
What, when, where; single or multiple systems?
Is the failure repeatable?
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Symptoms and Solutions
–
–
–
Has this configuration ever worked?
If it has been working, what changes were made before it failed?
Is this the original reported failure?
•
Hardware configuration
–
–
Print (print screen) configuration currently in use
BIOS level
•
WAAS system software type and version level
To eliminate confusion, identical systems are considered identical only if they
meet all these conditions:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Are the exact machine type and models
Have the same BIOS level
Have the same adapters or attachments in the same locations
Have the same address jumpers, terminators, and cabling
Have the same WAAS software versions
Have the same configuration options set in the system
Have the same setup for the operating system control files
Comparing the configuration and software setup in working and nonworking
systems might help to resolve the problem.
Symptoms and Solutions
This section lists symptoms, errors, and the possible causes. The most likely cause
is listed first. You can use the error symptom tables to find solutions to problems
that have definite symptoms.
In Table 5-2 through Table 5-9, the first entry in the “Cause and Action” column
is the most likely cause of the symptom.
Caution
Any component that is internal to the device must be serviced by trained and
qualified personnel. Contact your Cisco customer service representative.
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Symptoms and Solutions
Table 5-2
CD-RW/DVD Drive Problems
Symptom
Cause and Action
CD-RW/DVD drive is not
recognized.
1. Verify the following items:
a. The IDE channel to which the CD-RW/DVD drive is attached
(primary) is enabled in the configuration/setup utility
program.
b. All cables and jumpers are installed correctly.
c. The correct device driver is installed for the CD-RW/DVD
drive.
2. Check the CD-RW/DVD drive.
The CD-RW/DVD drive is not 1. Clean the CD or DVD.
working correctly.
2. Check the CD-RW/DVD drive.
The CD-RW/DVD drive tray is 1. Make sure that the device is turned on.
not working.
2. Insert the end of a straightened paper clip into the manual
tray-release opening.
3. Check the CD-RW/DVD drive.
Table 5-3
Hard Disk Drive Problems
Symptom
Cause and Action
A hard disk drive was not
detected while the operating
system was being started.
Reseat all hard disk drives and cables. Run the hard disk drive
diagnostic tests again.
Table 5-4
General Problems
Symptom
Cause and Action
Problems such as a broken
cover latch or indicator LEDs
not working.
Broken component. Call your customer service representative.
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Symptoms and Solutions
Table 5-5
Symptom
Intermittent Problems
Cause and Action
A problem occurs only
occasionally and is difficult to
detect.
1. Verify the following items:
b. When the device is powered on, air is flowing from the rear
of the device at the fan grille. If there is no airflow, the fans
are not working. This problem causes the device to overheat
and shut down.
2. Check the system error log.
3. See the “Undetermined Problems” section on page 5-6.
Table 5-6
Memory Problems
Symptom
Cause and Action
The amount of system
memory displayed is less than
the amount of physical
memory installed.
1. Verify the following items:
a. No error LEDs are lit on the front panel.
b. The memory modules are seated properly.
c. All banks of memory on the DIMMs are enabled. The device
might have automatically disabled a DIMM bank when it
detected a problem.
2. Check the POST error log:
a. If a DIMM was disabled by a system management interrupt
(SMI), the DIMM must be replaced.
b. If the DIMM was disabled by the user or by POST, follow
these steps:
–
–
–
Start the configuration/setup utility program.
Enable the DIMM.
Save the configuration and restart the device.
3. Check the DIMM.
4. Check the system board.
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Symptoms and Solutions
Table 5-7
Microprocessor Problems
Cause and Action
Symptom
The device emits a continuous 1. Correct any errors that are indicated by the LEDs (see the
tone during POST, indicating
that the microprocessor is not
working correctly.
“Interpreting POST Diagnostic Front Panel LEDs and Beep
Codes” section on page 5-16).
2. Check the microprocessor and the VRM.
Table 5-8
Console Port (Serial Port) Problems
Symptom
FRU or Action
A serial device does not work. 1. Verify the following items:
For more information about
a. The console device is connected only to the serial port labeled
the serial port, see the
“Console Port Serial
Connector” section on
page 1-6.
COM1 or CONSOLE
a. The device is compatible with the WAVE appliance.
b. The device is connected to the correct port (see the “Location
of Ports and Connectors” section on page 1-3).
2. Check for a failing serial device.
3. Check the system board.
Table 5-9
Software Problems
Symptom
Cause and Action
Suspected software problem.
1. To determine if problems are caused by the software, verify the
following items:
a. Your device has the minimum memory needed to use the
software.
b. The software is designed to operate on your device.
c. The software that you are using works on another device.
2. If you received any error messages when using the application,
see the information that comes with the software for a description
of the messages and suggested solutions to the problem.
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Chapter 5 Troubleshooting the System Hardware
Power-On Self Test (POST)
Power-On Self Test (POST)
This section lists the error codes, error messages, and the various indicator light
and beep sequences that you may encounter during the Power-On Self-Test
(POST) or appliance restart, the probable source of the problem, and steps you can
take to resolve the error condition.
The POST Message Disabled mode suppresses most system messages during
POST, such as the memory count and non-error text messages. If a POST error
Enabled mode during POST, press any key (except F10 or F12). The default mode
is POST Message Disabled.
This section contains the following topics:
•
•
•
POST Overview, page 5-12
POST Numeric Codes and Text Messages, page 5-13
Interpreting POST Diagnostic Front Panel LEDs and Beep Codes, page 5-16
POST Overview
POST.
If POST finishes without detecting any problems, no beeps sound, and the first
screen of your operating system or application program appears.
If POST detects a problem, more than one beep sounds, and an error message
appears on your screen. See the “POST Numeric Codes and Text Messages”
section on page 5-13 and “Interpreting POST Diagnostic Front Panel LEDs and
Beep Codes” section on page 5-16 for more information.
Note
If you have a power-up password or administrator password set, you must enter
the password and press Enter when prompted, before POST will continue.
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Power-On Self Test (POST)
Note
A single problem might cause several error messages. When this situation occurs,
you should correct the cause of the first error message. After you correct the cause
of the first error message, the other error messages usually will not occur the next
time that you run the test.
POST Numeric Codes and Text Messages
This section covers POST errors that have numeric codes associated with them.
The section also includes some text messages that may be encountered during
POST.
Note
The computer will beep once after a POST text message is displayed on the
screen.
Table 5-10
Diagnostic Front Panel LEDs and Beep Codes
Control Panel Message
Description
101-Option ROM Checksum Error
System ROM or expansion board option ROM
checksum.
103-System Board Failure
DMA or timers.
110-Out of Memory Space for Option ROMs
Recently added PCI expansion card contains an
option ROM too large to download during POST.
162-System Options Not Set
163-Time & Date Not Set
Configuration incorrect.
RTC (real-time clock) battery may need to be
replaced.
Invalid time or date in configuration memory.
The RTC (real-time clock) battery may need to be
replaced.
163-Time & Date Not Set
164-Memory Size Error
CMOS jumper may not be properly installed.
Memory amount has changed since the last boot
(memory added or removed).
164-Memory Size Error
Memory configuration incorrect.
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Power-On Self Test (POST)
Table 5-10
Diagnostic Front Panel LEDs and Beep Codes (continued)
Control Panel Message
Description
201-Memory Error
RAM failure.
213-Incompatible Memory Module in Memory
Socket(s) X, X, ...
A memory module in memory socket identified in
the error message is missing critical SPD
information or is incompatible with the chip set.
214-DIMM Configuration Warning
Populated DIMM configuration is not optimized.
219-ECC Memory Module Detected ECC
Modules not supported on this Platform
Recently added memory module(s) support ECC
memory error correction.
301-Keyboard Error
Keyboard failure.
303-Keyboard Controller Error
304-Keyboard or System Unit Error
404-Parallel Port Address Conflict Detected
I/O board keyboard controller.
Keyboard failure.
Both external and internal ports are assigned to
parallel port X.
410-Audio Interrupt Conflict
IRQ address conflicts with another device.
IRQ address conflicts with another device.
Graphics display controller.
411-Network Interface Card Interrupt Conflict
501-Display Adapter Failure
510-Flash Screen Image Corrupted
511-CPU, CPUA, or CPUB Fan not Detected
Flash Screen image has errors.
CPU fan is not connected or may have
malfunctioned.
512-Chassis, Rear Chassis, or Front Chassis Fan Chassis, rear chassis, or front chassis fan is not
not Detected
connected or may have malfunctioned.
514-CPU or Chassis Fan not Detected
CPU or chassis fan is not connected or may have
malfunctioned.
610-External Storage Device Failure
External tape drive not connected.
Configuration error.
611-Primary Floppy Port Address Assignment
Conflict
660-Display cache is detected unreliable
Integrated graphics controller display cache is not
working properly and will be disabled.
912-Computer Cover Has Been Removed Since
Last System Startup
Computer cover was removed since last system
startup.
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Chapter 5 Troubleshooting the System Hardware
Power-On Self Test (POST)
Table 5-10
Diagnostic Front Panel LEDs and Beep Codes (continued)
Control Panel Message
917-Front Audio Not Connected
Description
Front audio harness has been detached or unseated
from motherboard.
918-Front USB Not Connected
Front USB harness has been detached or unseated
from motherboard.
922-This system only supports SDVO/ADD2
cards in the x16 slot
The SDVO connector on the system board has the
physical appearance of a PCI Express x16
connector; however, the platform does NOT
support the use of conventional PCI Express cards
or reversed layout ADD2 cards.
1151-Serial Port A Address Conflict Detected
1152-Serial Port B Address Conflict Detected
1155-Serial Port Address Conflict Detected
Both external and internal serial ports are assigned
to COM1.
Both external and internal serial ports are assigned
to COM2.
Both external and internal serial ports are assigned
to the same IRQ.
1201-System Audio Address Conflict Detected
1202-MIDI Port Address Conflict Detected
1203-Game Port Address Conflict Detected
Device IRQ address conflicts with another device.
Device IRQ address conflicts with another device.
Device IRQ address conflicts with another device.
1720-SMART Hard Drive Detects Imminent
Failure
Hard drive is about to fail. (Some hard drives have
a hard drive firmware patch that will fix an
erroneous error message.)
1796-SATA Cabling Error
One or more SATA devices are improperly
attached.
1797-SATA Drivelock is not supported in RAID Drivelock is enabled on one or more SATA hard
mode.
drives, and they cannot be accessed while the
system is configured for RAID mode.
1801-Microcode Patch Error
Processor is not supported by ROM BIOS.
2216-Powered USB cable not attached
Powered USB cable is not properly attached to the
USB PlusPower expansion card or to the system
board.
Invalid Electronic Serial Number
Memory Parity Error
Electronic serial number has become corrupted.
Parity RAM failure.
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Power-On Self Test (POST)
Table 5-10
Diagnostic Front Panel LEDs and Beep Codes (continued)
Control Panel Message
Description
Network Server Mode Active and No Keyboard
Attached
Keyboard failure while Network Server Mode
enabled.
Parity Check 2
Parity RAM failure.
System will not boot without fan
CPU fan not installed or disconnected in VSFF
chassis.
Interpreting POST Diagnostic Front Panel LEDs and Beep Codes
This section covers the front panel LED codes as well as the beep codes that may
occur before or during POST that do not necessarily have an error code or text
message associated with them.
Table 5-11 lists the recommended actions in the order in which they should be
performed.
Caution
There are no customer-replaceable components inside your WAVE-274 or
WAVE-474 appliance. All faulty components can only be replaced by a qualified
service technician. Once you have identified a faulty component, contact the
Cisco Technical Assistance Center (TAC).
Table 5-11
POST Diagnostic Front Panel LEDs and Beep Codes
Activity
Beeps Possible Cause
Recommended Action
Green Power LED On.
None Computer on.
None
Green Power LED flashes
every two seconds.
None Computer in Suspend to
RAM mode (some models
only) or normal Suspend
mode.
None required. Press any key or
move the mouse to wake the
computer.
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Power-On Self Test (POST)
Table 5-11
POST Diagnostic Front Panel LEDs and Beep Codes (continued)
Beeps Possible Cause Recommended Action
Activity
Red Power LED flashes two
times, once every second,
followed by a 2-second
pause. Beeps stop after fifth
iteration but LEDs continue
until problem is solved.
2
Processor thermal
1. Ensure that the computer air
vents are not blocked and
the processor cooling fan is
running.
protection activated: A fan
may be blocked or not
turning or the heatsink/fan
assembly is not properly
attached to the processor.
2. Open hood, press power
button, and see if the
processor fan spins. If the
processor fan is not
spinning, make sure that the
fan’s cable is plugged onto
the system board header.
3. If the fan is plugged in, but it
is not spinning, the fan
assembly is faulty.
4. Contact Cisco TAC.
Red Power LED flashes
three times, once every
second, followed by a
2-second pause. Beeps stop
after fifth iteration but LEDs
continue until problem is
solved.
3
Processor not installed (not 1. Check to see that the
an indicator of bad
processor).
processor is present.
2. Reseat the processor.
3. Contact Cisco TAC.
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Chapter 5 Troubleshooting the System Hardware
Power-On Self Test (POST)
Table 5-11
POST Diagnostic Front Panel LEDs and Beep Codes (continued)
Beeps Possible Cause Recommended Action
Power failure (power supply 1. Open the hood and ensure
Activity
Red Power LED flashes four
times, once every second,
followed by a 2-second
pause. Beeps stop after fifth
iteration but LEDs continue
until problem is solved.
4
is overloaded).
the 4 or 6-wire power supply
cable is seated into the
connector on the system
board.
2. Check if a device is causing
the problem by removing all
attached devices such as
hard drives, optical drives,
and expansion cards. Power
on the system. If the system
enters the POST, then power
off and replace one device at
a time and repeat this
procedure until a failure
occurs. Replace the device
that is causing the failure.
Continue adding devices one
at a time to ensure that all
the devices are functioning
properly.
3. Contact Cisco TAC.
1. Reseat DIMMs.
Red Power LED flashes five
times, once every second,
followed by a 2-second
pause. Beeps stop after fifth
iteration but LEDs continue
until problem is solved.
5
Pre-video memory error.
CAUTION: To avoid
2. Contact Cisco TAC.
damage to the DIMMs or the
system board, you must
unplug the computer power
cord before attempting to
reseat, install, or remove a
DIMM module.
Red Power LED flashes six
times, once every second,
followed by a 2-second
6
Pre-video graphics error.
Contact Cisco TAC.
pause. Beeps stop after fifth
iteration but LEDs continue
until problem is solved.
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Power-On Self Test (POST)
Table 5-11
POST Diagnostic Front Panel LEDs and Beep Codes (continued)
Beeps Possible Cause Recommended Action
Activity
Red Power LED flashes
seven times, once every
second, followed by a
2-second pause. Beeps stop
after fifth iteration but LEDs
continue until problem is
solved.
7
8
9
System board failure (ROM Contact Cisco TAC.
detected failure prior to
video).
Red Power LED flashes
eight times, once every
second, followed by a
2-second pause. Beeps stop
after fifth iteration but LEDs
continue until problem is
solved.
Invalid ROM based on bad Contact Cisco TAC.
checksum.
Red Power LED flashes nine
times, once every second,
followed by a 2-second
System powers on but is
unable to boot.
Contact Cisco TAC.
pause. Beeps stop after fifth
iteration but LEDs continue
until problem is solved.
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Chapter 5 Troubleshooting the System Hardware
Power-On Self Test (POST)
Table 5-11
Activity
POST Diagnostic Front Panel LEDs and Beep Codes (continued)
Beeps Possible Cause
Bad option card.
Recommended Action
Red Power LED flashes ten 10
times, once every second,
followed by a 2-second
pause. Beeps stop after fifth
iteration but LEDs continue
until problem is solved.
1. Check installed cards by
removing the card (one at a
time if multiple cards), and
then power on the system to
see if fault goes away.
2. Once a bad card is
identified, remove and
replace the bad card.
3. Contact Cisco TAC.
System does not power on
and LEDs are not flashing.
None System unable to power on. Press and hold the power button
for less than 4 seconds. If the
hard drive LED turns green, the
power button is working
correctly.
If the hard drive LED does not
turn on green then try the
following:
1. Check that the unit is
plugged into a working AC
outlet.
2. Check that the power button
harness is connected to the
system board.
3. Check that both power
supply cables are properly
connected to the system
board.
4. Contact Cisco TAC.
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A P P E N D I X A
Wide Area Virtualization Engine
This appendix provides hardware specifications for the Wide Area Virtualization
Engine (WAVE) 274 and 474 appliances. It contains the following sections:
•
•
Appliance Specifications, page A-1
Inline Adapter Specifications, page A-4
Appliance Specifications
Table A-1 provides a summary of the features and specifications of the
WAVE-274 and WAVE-474.
WAVE-274 and WAVE-474 Features and Specifications
Description
Table A-1
Specification
Microprocessor
•
•
•
•
Intel Core2 Duo E6400 Processor, 2.13-GHz
2 MB Level 2 cache
1066-MHz front-side bus (FSB)
Memory
3 GB DDR2 Synch DRAM PC2-5300 (667-MHz) Non ECC
(2 × 1 GB and 2 × 512 MB)
Drives standard
•
•
DVD-ROM/CD-RW combination drive
250 GB SATA 3.0 Gb/s, 7200 rpm
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Appliance Specifications
Table A-1
WAVE-274 and WAVE-474 Features and Specifications (continued)
Description
Specification
Size
•
•
•
Height: 3.94 in. (10.0 cm)
Depth: 15.0 in. (38.0 cm)
Width: 13.4 in. (34.0 mm)
Weight
Ports
18.6 lb (8.4 kg) typical
•
•
USB: 6 USB 2.0 (2 front, 4 rear)
Console: 2 RS232 serial ports individually configurable to power
5 V and 12 V. COM1 can be configured for 5 V, 9 V, and 12 V
•
•
•
•
•
•
Parallel: 1
PS/2: 2
Video: 1
Audio: 2, line in and line out
NIC: RJ-45
Inline Network Adapter: 2 (see Inline Adapter Specifications,
page A-4)
Power
•
•
•
•
•
Operating Voltage Range: 90 to 264 VAC
Rated Voltage Range: 100 to 240 VAC
Rated Line Frequency: 50/60 Hz
Operating Line Frequency Range: 47 – 63 Hz
Rated Input Current: 5 A @ 90 VAC (3.5 A at 90 VAC with 80%
efficient power supply)
•
•
Heat Dissipation: typical 273 btu/hr (69 kg-cal/hr), maximum 1024
btu/hr (258 kg-cal/hr)
Power Supply Fan: 80 mm variable speed fan
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Appliance Specifications
Table A-1
WAVE-274 and WAVE-474 Features and Specifications (continued)
Description
Specification
Environment
•
Air temperature:
–
Device on: 50 to 104°F (10 to 40°C); altitude: 0 to 2000 m
(6500 ft)
–
Device off: –22 to 140°F (–30 to 60°C); maximum altitude:
9144 m (30000 ft)
•
Humidity
–
–
Device on: 20 to 80% (noncondensing at ambient)
Device off: 5 to 90% (noncondensing at ambient)
1
2
Acoustical noise emissions
•
•
•
•
Declared sound power, idle: 3.8 bel
Declared sound power, operating: 4.9 bel
3
4
Heat Output
Minimum configuration: 1230 Btu (360 watts)
Maximum configuration: 3390 Btu (835 watts)
1. These levels were measured in controlled acoustical environments according to the procedures specified by the American
National Standards Institute (ANSI) S12.10 and ISO 7779 and are reported in accordance with ISO 9296. Actual
sound-pressure levels in a given location might exceed the average values stated because of room reflections and other nearby
noise sources. The declared sound-power levels indicate an upper limit, below which a large number of computers will
operate.
2. In acoustics, the logarithm of the ratio of a quantity to a reference quantity of the same kind is called a level. The base of the
logarithm (always ten, unless otherwise specified), the reference quantity, and the kind of level shall be specified. bel is a unit
of level when the base of the logarithm is ten, and the quantities concerned are proportional to power.
3. Power consumption and heat output vary depending on the number and type of optional features installed and the
power-management optional features in use.
4. BTU = British Thermal Unit.
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Inline Adapter Specifications
Inline Adapter Specifications
Table A-2 describes the inline network adapter technical and general
specifications.
Table A-2
Inline Network Adapter Specifications
Specification
Description
Copper Gigabit Ethernet Specifications
IEEE standard Gigabit Ethernet, 1000BASE-T
Fast Ethernet, 100BASE-T
Ethernet, 10BASE-T
Full duplex and half duplex Supports both half-duplex and full-duplex operation in all operating
speeds
Autonegotiation
Autonegotiates between full-duplex and half-duplex operations and
between 1000-Mbps, 100-Mbps, and 10-Mbps speeds
Data transfer rate
1000-Mbps, 100-Mbps, and 10-Mbps speeds per port in half-duplex
mode
2000-Mbps, 200-Mbps, and 20-Mbps speeds per port in full-duplex
mode
Ports
2 × RJ-45 socket connectors
General Technical Specifications
Interface standard
Size
PCI-Express Base Specification Revision 1.0
PCI Short add in card: 6.6 × 4.4 in. (167.6 × 111.2 mm)
×4
PCI Express card type
PCI Express connector
PCI voltage
Gold Finger: ×4
+3.3 V 9%
+12 V 8%
Weight
6.4 oz (180.0 g)
Operating humidity
Operating temperature
Storage temperature
0 to 90%, noncondensing
32 to 122 °F (0 to 50 °C)
–4 to 149 °F (–20 to 65 °C)
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A P P E N D I X B
Maintaining the Wide Area
Virtualization Engine
Proper use of preventive maintenance procedures can keep the Wide Area
for costly, time-consuming service procedures. This chapter contains
maintenance procedures that you should perform regularly.
This chapter covers the tasks required for maintaining a WAVE appliance or a
WAVE farm:
•
•
Maintaining Your Site Environment, page B-1
Using Power Protection Devices, page B-7
Maintaining Your Site Environment
An exhaust fan in the power supply cools the power supply and system by drawing
air in through various openings in the system and blowing it out the back.
However, the fan also draws dust and other particles into the system, causing
contaminant buildup, which results in an increase in the system’s internal
temperature and interferes with the operation of various system components.
To avoid these conditions, we recommend keeping your work environment clean
to reduce the amount of dust and dirt around the system, thereby reducing the
amount of contaminants drawn into the system by the power supply fan.
This section discusses various environmental factors that can adversely affect
system performance and longevity.
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Maintaining Your Site Environment
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Temperature, page B-2
Humidity, page B-3
Altitude, page B-3
Dust and Particles, page B-4
Corrosion, page B-4
Electrostatic Discharge, page B-4
Electromagnetic and Radio Frequency Interference, page B-5
Magnetism, page B-5
Shock and Vibration, page B-6
Power Source Interruptions, page B-6
Temperature
Temperature extremes can cause a variety of problems, including premature aging
and failure of chips or mechanical failure of devices. Extreme temperature
fluctuations can cause chips to become loose in their sockets and can cause
expansion and contraction of disk drive platters, resulting in read or write data
errors.
To minimize the negative effects of the temperature on system performance,
follow these guidelines:
•
Ensure that the system is operated in an environment no colder than 50 °F
(10 °C) or hotter than 95 °F (35 °C).
•
Ensure that the system has adequate ventilation. Do not place it within a
closed-in wall unit or on top of cloth, which can act as insulation. Do not
place it where it will receive direct sunlight, particularly in the afternoon. Do
not place it next to a heat source of any kind, including heating vents during
winter.
Adequate ventilation is particularly important at high altitudes. System
performance may not be optimum when the system is operating at high
temperatures as well as high altitudes.
•
Make sure that all slots and openings on the system remain unobstructed,
especially the fan vent on the back of the system.
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Appendix B Maintaining the Wide Area Virtualization Engine
Maintaining Your Site Environment
•
•
Clean the system at regular intervals to avoid any buildup of dust and debris,
which can cause a system to overheat.
If the system has been exposed to abnormally cold temperatures, allow a
2-hour warm-up period to bring it up to a normal operating temperature
before turning it on. Failure to do so may cause damage to internal
components, particularly the hard disk drive.
•
If intermittent system failures are noticed, try reseating any socketed chips,
which might have become loose because of temperature fluctuations.
Humidity
High-humidity conditions can cause moisture migration and penetration into the
system. This moisture can cause corrosion of internal components and
degradation of properties such as electrical resistance and thermal conductivity.
Extreme moisture buildup inside the system can result in electrical shorts, which
can cause serious damage to the system.
Each system is rated to operate at 20 to 85 percent relative humidity, with a
humidity gradation of 10 percent per hour. Buildings in which climate is
controlled by air conditioning in the warmer months and by heat during the colder
months usually maintain an acceptable level of humidity for system equipment.
However, if a system is located in an unusually humid location, a dehumidifier can
be used to maintain the humidity within an acceptable range.
Altitude
Operating a system at high altitude (low pressure) reduces the efficiency of forced
and convection cooling and can result in electrical problems related to arcing and
corona effects. This condition can also cause sealed components with internal
pressure, such as electrolytic capacitors, to fail or perform at reduced efficiency.
Each system is designed to operate at a maximum altitude of 6500 feet (2000
meters) and can be stored at a maximum altitude of 30000 feet (9144 meters).
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Appendix B Maintaining the Wide Area Virtualization Engine
Maintaining Your Site Environment
Dust and Particles
A clean operating environment can greatly reduce the negative effects of dust and
other particles, which act as insulators and interfere with the operation of a
system’s mechanical components. In addition to regular cleaning, you should
follow these guidelines to deter contamination of the system equipment:
•
•
•
•
Do not permit smoking anywhere near the system.
Do not permit food or drink near the system.
Use dust covers when the system is not in use.
Close windows and outside doors to keep out airborne particles.
Corrosion
The oil from a person’s fingers or prolonged exposure to high temperature or
various devices in the system. This corrosion on system connectors is a gradual
process that can eventually lead to intermittent failures of electrical circuits.
To prevent corrosion, you should avoid touching contacts on boards and cards.
Protecting the system from corrosive elements is especially important in moist
and salty environments, which tend to promote corrosion. Also, as a further
deterrent to corrosion, the system should not be used in extreme temperatures, as
explained in the “Temperature” section on page B-2.
Electrostatic Discharge
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) results from the buildup of static electricity on the
human body and certain other objects. This static electricity is often produced by
simple movements such as walking across a carpet. ESD is a discharge of a static
electrical charge that occurs when a person whose body contains such a charge
touches a component in the system. This static discharge can cause components,
especially chips, to fail. ESD is a problem particularly in dry environments where
the relative humidity is below 50 percent.
To reduce the effects of ESD, you should observe the following guidelines:
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Maintaining Your Site Environment
•
Wear a grounding wrist strap. If a grounding wrist strap is unavailable, touch
an unpainted metal surface on the chassis periodically to neutralize any static
charge.
•
•
Keep components in their antistatic packaging until they are installed.
Avoid wearing clothing made of wool or synthetic materials.
Electromagnetic and Radio Frequency Interference
Electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI) from
a system can adversely affect devices such as radio and television (TV) receivers
operating near the system. Radio frequencies emanating from a system can also
interfere with cordless and low-power telephones. Conversely, RFI from
high-power telephones can cause spurious characters to appear on the system’s
monitor screen.
RFI is defined as any EMI with a frequency above 10 kilohertz (kHz). This type
of interference can travel from the system to other devices through the power
cable and power source or through the air like transmitted radio waves. The
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) publishes specific regulations to
limit the amount of EMI and RFI emitted by computing equipment. Each system
meets these FCC regulations.
To reduce the possibility of EMI and RFI, follow these guidelines:
•
•
Operate the system only with the system cover installed.
Ensure that the screws on all peripheral cable connectors are securely
fastened to their corresponding connectors on the back of the system.
•
Always use shielded cables with metal connector shells for attaching
peripherals to the system.
Magnetism
Because they store data magnetically, hard disk drives are extremely susceptible
to the effects of magnetism. Hard disk drives should never be stored near magnetic
sources such as the following:
•
•
Monitors
TV sets
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Maintaining Your Site Environment
•
•
•
Printers
Telephones with real bells
Fluorescent lights
Shock and Vibration
Excessive shock can damage the function, external appearance, and physical
structure of a system. Each system has been designed to operate properly even
after withstanding a minimum of six consecutively executed shock pulses in the
positive and negative x, y, and z axes (one pulse on each side of the system). Each
shock pulse can measure up to 5 gravities (G) for up to 11 milliseconds (ms). In
storage, the system can withstand shock pulses of 20 G for 11 ms.
Excessive vibration can cause the same problems as mentioned earlier for shock,
as well as causing components to become loose in their sockets or connectors.
Systems can be subject to significant vibration when being transported by a
vehicle or when operated in an environment with machinery that causes vibration.
Power Source Interruptions
Systems are especially sensitive to variations in voltage supplied by the AC power
source. Overvoltage, undervoltage, and transients (or spikes) can erase data from
memory or even cause components to fail. To protect against these types of
problems, power cables should always be properly grounded and one or both of
the following methods should be used:
•
Use one of the power protection devices described in the “Using Power
Protection Devices” section on page B-7.
•
Place the system on a dedicated power circuit (rather than sharing a circuit
with other heavy electrical equipment). In general, do not allow the system to
share a circuit with any of the following:
–
–
–
–
–
Copier machines
Air conditioners
Vacuum cleaners
Space heaters
Power tools
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Appendix B Maintaining the Wide Area Virtualization Engine
Using Power Protection Devices
–
–
–
–
–
Teletype machines
Adding machines
Laser printers
Facsimile machines
Any other motorized equipment
Besides these appliances, the greatest threats to a system’s supply of power are
surges or blackouts caused by electrical storms. Whenever possible, turn off the
system and any peripherals and unplug them from their power sources
during thunderstorms.
If a blackout occurs—even a temporary one—while the system is turned on, turn
off the system immediately and disconnect it from the electrical outlet. Leaving
the system on may cause problems when the power is restored; all other
appliances left on in the area can create large voltage spikes that can damage
the system.
A number of devices are available that protect against power problems such as
power surges, transients, and power failures. The following subsections describe
some of these devices:
•
•
•
Surge Protectors, page B-7
Line Conditioners, page B-8
Uninterruptible Power Supplies, page B-8
Surge Protectors
Surge protectors are available in a variety of types and usually provide a level of
protection commensurate with the cost of the device. Surge protectors prevent
voltage spikes, such as those caused during an electrical storm, from entering a
system through the electrical outlet. Surge protectors, however, do not offer
protection against brownouts, which occur when the voltage drops more than
20 percent below the normal AC line voltage level.
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Appendix B Maintaining the Wide Area Virtualization Engine
Using Power Protection Devices
Line Conditioners
Line conditioners go beyond the overvoltage protection of surge protectors. Line
conditioners keep a system’s AC power source voltage at a fairly constant level
and therefore can handle brownouts. Because of this added protection, line
conditioners cost more than surge protectors—up to several hundred dollars.
However, these devices cannot protect against a complete loss of power.
Uninterruptible Power Supplies
Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems offer the most complete protection
against variations in power because they use battery power to keep the system
running when AC power is lost. The battery is charged by the AC power while it
is available, so once AC power is lost, the battery can provide power to the system
for a limited amount of time—from 15 minutes to an hour or so—depending on
the UPS system.
UPS systems range in price from a few hundred dollars to several thousand
dollars, with the more expensive units allowing you to run larger systems for a
longer period of time when AC power is lost. UPS systems that provide only
5 minutes of battery power let you conduct an orderly shutdown of the system but
are not intended to provide continued operation. Surge protectors should be used
with all UPS systems, and the UPS system should be Underwriters Laboratories
(UL) safety-approved.
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I N D E X
problems 5-9
A
CD/DVD drive activity LED 1-3
connections
AC power
specifications A-2
adapters
inline 4-1
altitude
guidelines B-3
cables 3-6
power 3-6
troubleshooting 5-3
connectors and ports
inline network adapter 4-3
locations 1-3
console port
B
connector pinout 1-6
description 1-6
problems 5-11
back panel
LEDs (figure) 1-4
conventions
document xi
C
corrosion
preventing damage B-4
cables
connecting 3-6
cabling requirements
inline network adapter 4-4
inline network adapter (examples) 4-7
cautions
D
DC power
installation precautions 2-6
document
description of xii
CD/DVD drive
conventions xi
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Index
dust
preventing damage B-4
hard disk drive
problems 5-9
E
hard disk drive activity LED 1-3
electromagnetic interference
See EMI
troubleshooting 5-1
humidity
electrostatic discharge
See ESD
maintenance guidelines B-3
EMI
preventing effects of B-5
environment
I
I/O connectors 1-3
inline network adapter
cabling examples 4-7
cabling requirements 4-4
description 4-1
maintaining B-1
ESD
preventing damage 2-7, B-4
Ethernet activity LED 1-5
Ethernet controller
troubleshooting 5-4
troubleshooting (chart) 5-5
Ethernet link LED 1-5
Ethernet port
specifications A-4
installation
tabletop 3-2
warnings 2-1
intermittent problems
troubleshooting 5-10
connector pinouts 1-5
F
L
front panel
figure 1-2
LEDs 1-3
LEDs
back panel (figure) 1-4
checking 3-7
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Index
description 1-3, 1-5
front panel (table) 1-3
front view 1-2
POST
description 5-12
error codes 5-12
power
inline network adapter 4-3
rear view 1-4
connecting to system 3-6
power on LED 1-3
power-on self-test
See POST
line conditioners
using B-8
power source interruptions
preventing damage from B-6
power supplies
M
magnetism
preventing effects of B-5
using uninterruptible B-8
problem solving
maintenance B-1 to B-7
memory
overview 5-1
tips 5-7
problems 5-10
microprocessor
problems 5-11
rack requirements 3-6
radio frequency interference
See RFI
N
network
removing or replacing WAVE 3-7
connection problems 5-4
removing WAVE from 3-7
preventing effects of B-5
P
S
ports
safety
console (serial) 1-6
inline network adapter 4-3
general precautions 2-4
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Index
warnings 2-1
connections 5-3
serial port
Ethernet controller 5-4
network connections 5-4
switches 5-3
connector pinout 1-6
description 1-6
problems 5-11
system hardware 5-1
undetermined problems 5-6
shock
preventing damage B-6
site environment
maintenance factors B-1
software problems
troubleshooting 5-11
status LEDs 1-4
surge protectors
using B-7
undetermined problems
troubleshooting 5-6
uninterruptible power supplies
using B-8
switches
troubleshooting 5-3
symptoms and solutions
tables 5-8
vibration
preventing damage B-6
system problems
identifying 5-2
system reliability 2-6
warnings
installation 2-1
WAVE
T
tabletop installation
procedure 3-2
maintaining B-1
removing or replacing 3-7
temperature
Wide Area Application Services software. See
WAAS software
maintenance guidelines B-2
troubleshooting
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