MIDI In/Out
&
MIDI Messages
Explained
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Evolution UC-33 Advanced User Guide
Evolution UC-33 Advanced User Guide
Number
MMC Command
Program & Bank Changes Explained
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
STOP
The original GM MIDI specification catered for only 128 voices, numbered from 0-127.
It is possible to access a different voice by sending a program change.
PLAY
DEFERRED PLAY
FAST FORWARD
REWIND
In order to expand on the GM set of voices, Bank changes were devised. Each bank
contains 128 patches, that can be accessed using a program change. There are
16,384 banks available, accessible by sending a 14-bit Bank change message. The
first 7 bits of this message are sent in a single byte known as the Bank LSB. The last
7 bits are specified by another byte known as the Bank MSB. The BANK LSB is the
most commonly used This allows for 128 bank changes, and often there is no need
to send a Bank MSB.
RECORD STROBE
RECORD EXIT
RECORD PAUSE
PAUSE
EJECT
CHASE
COMMAND ERROR RESET
MMC RESET
You will find almost all MIDI devices respond to the program change, but some that do
not conform to the GM set of voices use the program change message for other
purposes. Many VST instruments have adopted this approach, allowing you to use a
program change to change the instrument patch. The FM7 by Native Instruments is a
good example of this.
Assigning RPN/NRPN To A Fader/Rotary Controller
Note: For a detailed description of RPN/NRPN data see section RPN/NRPN’s
Explained on page 17.
Bank changes are more rarely used, although they do exist. Bank changes are useful
in manufacturer's extensions to the MIDI specification, such as Roland's GS
specification and Yamaha's XG specification. Both of these require you to specify a
Bank change, in order to access the extra voices and effects that these specifications
provide.
1.
2.
Press Control select, and move the desired controller.
Press control assign and while the display is flashing,
enter controller 132 for RPN coarse, 133 for RPN fine, 134
for NRPN coarse or 135 for NRPN fine.
Sending Program, Bank LSB and Bank MSB data is made simple using the UC-33.
Simply press the PROGRAM, DATA LSB or DATA MSB button and enter the program
or bank change you wish to send.
3.
Press DATA MSB to assign the number for
the RPN/NRPN MSB.
RPN/NRPN’s Explained
4.
5.
Press DATA LSB to assign the number for
RPN/NRPN LSB.
Non-registered parameter numbers (NRPN's) are device specific messages that
enable the control of synths via MIDI. The MIDI specification defines parameter
numbers to allow scope for manufacturers to specify their own controllers. The more
common of these have been registered by the MIDI Manufacturer's Association and
are part of the MIDI specification (hence the term Registered Parameter
Numbers – RPN's). (See Appendix F.)
Press CHANNEL ASSIGN to assign the MIDI channel the
message should be sent on.
You will find most data sheets for synths that make use of NRPN's will give the MSB
and LSB values that you should enter into DATA MSB and DATA LSB banks (also see
Appendix F). However, some manuals may only give the hex values. The UC-33
requires you to enter the decimal value. You can easily convert hexadecimal values to
decimal using the windows calculator. Simply select Scientific mode, select hex and
enter the hexadecimal value you need to convert. Press the Dec button to convert it to
a decimal value. Enter the decimal value into the UC-33.
MIDI controllers 98 and 99 represent the NRPN LSB and MSB respectively, while 100
and 101 represent the RPN LSB and MSB. This can be seen from the MIDI controllers
list in Appendix D. To transmit an NRPN/RPN, these two controller messages are sent
along with their user-specified values. A further controller message and value needs
to be sent to specify the (coarse or fine) value adjustment.
This is specified by controller number 6 (Data entry) for coarse adjustments or number
38 for fine adjustments.
Alternatively, use the look up table in Appendix C.
The following shows how to set a button to transmit a note on when pressed, and a
note off when released.
5
2
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Evolution UC-33 Advanced User Guide
Evolution UC-33 Advanced User Guide
A list of NRPN’s will always be given in the User Manual of a device that receives NRPN
messages. It is always necessary that the NRPN MSB and LSB are sent together. Both will
be specified in the device’s manual. You may find the manufacturer’s have only specified
the numbers in Hexadecimal format. In this case, use Appendix C of the manual to translate
the value to Decimal.
Setting Toggle Values For The Buttons
The 14 assignable buttons can each be assigned to toggle between two values. You
may for instance want to send out value 15 when you first press the button followed by
value 74 when you press the button for a second time. This is how you do it:
The UC-33 makes the process of transmitting NRPN’s easy. All you need is to enter the
appropriate NRPN LSB by pressing the LSB/DATA button twice, enter the NRPN MSB by
pressing the MSB/DATA button twice, and as you move the UC-33 controller, an
appropriate NRPN message will be sent out. Assign NRPN coarse to make big sweeps,
or NRPN fine to make slight adjustments.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Press the Function button labelled DATA MSB.
Type in 15 using the numerical keypad or the +/- keys.
Press the Function button labelled DATA LSB.
Type in 74 using the numerical keypad or the +/- keys.
If you want the button to send the same value every time you press it, simply type in the
same value both times.
SysEx Explained
RPN/NRPN, GM 1+2 SysEx & Other Messages
As already described, the standard MIDI controller numbers range from 0 to 131. We
have extended the list of MIDI cc’s that can be assigned to the controllers of the UC-33
to include RPN/NRPN, MMC and General MIDI 1&2 SysEx messages.
System Exclusive (SysEx) messages were defined in the MIDI specification to allow
individual devices to have individual control via MIDI. The format of SysEx messages
allows for virtually any function to be performed via MIDI – so long as the receiving device
is able to translate the message, and act accordingly. This allows devices to send audio
sample memory data, controller settings, and much more. It also allows the controllers of
one device to be controlled by another.
These advanced messages are as easy to program as a regular MIDI cc instruction by
entering values 132 to 152 when programming MIDI cc’s. The charts on page 8 and 9
(or Appendix B) of the full manual show you what numbers correspond to each message.
It is not possible to program your own specified SysEx message into the UC-33. However,
there are some useful SysEx messages pre-programmed into the UC-33, that can be
accessed by assigning the appropriate MIDI CC to a controller (see Appendix B).
To program the values required for these advanced messages, the UC-33 requires you
to press the PROGRAM, DATA LSB and DATA MSB buttons respectively.
It should be noted that a SysEx message is not transmitted on any specified channel. All
SysEx messages contain a device ID, that is used to single out devices to respond to the
SysEx message. All other devices are ignored. If you are using a SysEx message on the
UC-33, the global channel is ignored. When you press CHANNEL, instead of entering a
channel for the controller, you will be enter a device ID instead. This is
Lets look at a couple of examples to see how this works. Please refer to the chart in
Appendix B of the manual so you get to grips with the principle:
indicated by the fact that the CC symbol will not be showing.
Assigning MMC Control To A Button
Device ID’s run from 00 to 127. 127 is the default device number setting on the UC-33. This
setting transmits the SysEx message to all devices.
1. Select the button you want to control the MMC message.
2. Press “ASSIGN” on the UC-33.
3. Type in “149” using the numerical keypad.
This is the number that correspond to the MMC instruction, as per the chart on
page 8 and 9.
Although it is not possible to program the controllers of the UC-33 with your own SysEx
messages, there are software applications that can receive a MIDI input signal and transmit
a different, user specified message. You can program your SysEx messages into the
translator software, then translate the incoming data from the UC-33 to your SysEx,
depending on the controller you are using.
4. Press “Channel” once.
5. Type in “127”, using the numerical keypad.
This ensures that the message is set to all device ID numbers. For more
information about this, please read “About SysEx Messages & Device ID”
on page 13.
4. Press the “DATA LSB” button twice.
5. Enter a number from the chart on the next page to select the MMC
message you want:
3
4
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