Product Manual
®
Constellation ES Serial ATA
ST32000644NS
ST31000524NS
ST3500514NS
100516232
Rev. D
April 2010
Contents
Seagate Technology support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
About the Serial ATA interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Drive specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Specification summary tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Formatted capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
LBA mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Default logical geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Recording and interface technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Physical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Seek time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Start/stop times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Power specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Power consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Conducted noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Voltage tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Power-management modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Environmental limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Temperature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Altitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Vibration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Acoustics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Test for Prominent Discrete Tones (PDTs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Electromagnetic immunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Reliability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Agency certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Safety certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Electromagnetic compatibility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
FCC verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Environmental protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Corrosive environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Configuring and mounting the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Handling and static-discharge precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Configuring the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Serial ATA cables and connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Drive mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Serial ATA (SATA) interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Hot-Plug compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Serial ATA device plug connector pin definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Supported ATA commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
5.3.3
Identify Device command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Set Features command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
S.M.A.R.T. commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
i
ii
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
List of Figures
Figure 4.
Typical 5V startup and operation current profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Typical 12V startup and operation current profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Attaching SATA cabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Mounting dimensions—top, side and end view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
iii
1.0
Seagate Technology support services
SEAGATE ONLINE SUPPORT and SERVICES
For information regarding products and services, visit http://www.seagate.com/www/en-us/about/contact_us/
Available services include:
Presales & Technical support
Global Support Services telephone numbers & business hours
Authorized Service Centers
For information regarding Warranty Support, visit
http://www.seagate.com/www/en-us/support/warranty_&_returns_assistance
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
1
2.0
Introduction
This manual describes the functional, mechanical and interface specifications for the following Seagate
Constellation® ES Serial ATA model drives:
ST32000644NS
ST31000524NS
ST3500514NS
These drives provide the following key features:
• 7200 RPM spindle speed.
• PowerChoice™ for selectable power savings
• Top Cover Attached motor for excellent vibration tolerance
• High instantaneous (burst) data-transfer rates (up to 300MB per second).
• Perpendicular recording technology provides the drives with increased areal density.
• State-of-the-art cache and on-the-fly error-correction algorithms.
• Native Command Queueing with command ordering to increase performance in demanding applications.
• Full-track multiple-sector transfer capability without local processor intervention.
• SeaTools™ diagnostic software performs a drive self-test that eliminates unnecessary drive returns.
• Support for S.M.A.R.T. drive monitoring and reporting.
• Supports latching SATA cables and connectors.
• Worldwide Name (WWN) capability uniquely identifies the drive.
2
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
2.1
About the Serial ATA interface
The Serial ATA interface provides several advantages over the traditional (parallel) ATA interface. The primary
advantages include:
• Easy installation and configuration with true plug-and-play connectivity. It is not necessary to set any jump-
ers or other configuration options.
• Thinner and more flexible cabling for improved enclosure airflow and ease of installation.
• Scalability to higher performance levels.
In addition, Serial ATA makes the transition from parallel ATA easy by providing legacy software support. Serial
ATA was designed to allow you to install a Serial ATA host adapter and Serial ATA disc drive in your current
system and expect all of your existing applications to work as normal.
The Serial ATA interface connects each disc drive in a point-to-point configuration with the Serial ATA host
adapter. There is no master/slave relationship with Serial ATA devices like there is with parallel ATA. If two
drives are attached on one Serial ATA host adapter, the host operating system views the two devices as if they
were both “masters” on two separate ports. This essentially means both drives behave as if they are Device 0
(master) devices.
Note. The host adapter may, optionally, emulate a master/slave environment to host software where two
devices on separate Serial ATA ports are represented to host software as a Device 0 (master) and
Device 1 (slave) accessed at the same set of host bus addresses. A host adapter that emulates a
master/slave environment manages two sets of shadow registers. This is not a typical Serial ATA
environment.
The Serial ATA host adapter and drive share the function of emulating parallel ATA device behavior to provide
backward compatibility with existing host systems and software. The Command and Control Block registers,
PIO and DMA data transfers, resets, and interrupts are all emulated.
The Serial ATA host adapter contains a set of registers that shadow the contents of the traditional device regis-
ters, referred to as the Shadow Register Block. All Serial ATA devices behave like Device 0 devices. For addi-
tional information about how Serial ATA emulates parallel ATA, refer to the “Serial ATA: High Speed Serialized
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
3
3.0
Drive specifications
Unless otherwise noted, all specifications are measured under ambient conditions, at 25°C, and nominal
power. For convenience, the phrases the drive and this drive are used throughout this manual to indicate the
following drive models:
ST32000644NS
ST31000524NS
ST3500514NS
3.1
Specification summary tables
The specifications listed in the following tables are for quick reference. For details on specification measure-
ment or definition, see the appropriate section of this manual.
Table 1:
Drive specifications summary
Drive specification
Formatted (512 bytes/sector)*
Guaranteed sectors
ST32000644NS
ST31000524NS
ST3500514NS
2TB
1TB
500GB
3,907,029,168
1,953,525,168
976,773,168
Heads
8
4
2
2
1
Discs
4
Bytes per sector
512
63
Default sectors per track
Default read/write heads
Default cylinders
16
16,383
1421
240
347
7200
1300
Recording density, KBPI (Kb/in max)
Track density, KTPI (ktracks/in avg.)
Areal density, (Gb/in2 avg)
Spindle speed (RPM)
Internal data transfer rate
(Mb/s max)
Sustained data transfer rate OD
(MB/s max)
140
300
I/O data-transfer rate
(MB/s max)
ATA data-transfer modes supported
PIO modes 0–4
Multiword DMA modes 0–2
Ultra DMA modes 0–6
Cache buffer
64MB
32MB
Height (mm max)
Width (mm max)
Length (mm max)
Weight (max)
26.1mm (1.028 in)
101.6mm (4.000 in) +/- 0.010 in
146.99mm (5.787 in)
710g (1.565 lb)
4.16ms
640g (1.411 lb)
610g (1.345 lb)
Average latency
4
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
Drive specification
ST32000644NS
ST31000524NS
ST3500514NS
Power-on to ready (sec max)
Standby to ready (sec max)
Track-to-track seek time (ms typical)
15
15
10
10
7
7
0.5 read
0.8 write
Average seek, read (ms typical)
Average seek, write (ms typical)
Startup current (typical) 12V (peak)
<8.5
<9.5
2.8A
2.0A (optional configuration through Smart Command Transport)
Voltage tolerance (including noise)
Ambient temperature
5V ± 5%
12V ± 10%
5° to 60°C (operating/tested)
–40° to 70°C (nonoperating)
Temperature gradient
(°C per hour max)
20°C (operating)
30°C (nonoperating)
Relative humidity
5% to 90% (operating)
5% to 95% (nonoperating)
Relative humidity gradient
30% per hour max
Wet bulb temperature (°C max)
37.7 (operating)
40.0 (nonoperating)
Altitude, operating
–60.96 m to 3,048 m
(–200 ft to 10,000+ ft)
Altitude, nonoperating
(below mean sea level, max)
–60.96 m to 12,192 m
(–200 ft to 40,000+ ft)
Operational Shock (max at 2 ms)
Non-Operational Shock (max at 2 ms)
Vibration, operating
Read 80 Gs / Write 40 Gs
300 Gs
350 Gs
5–22 Hz:
0.25 Gs, Limited displacement
22–350 Hz: 0.50 Gs
350–500 Hz: 0.25 Gs
Operation Rotational vibration
Vibration, nonoperating
Drive acoustics, sound power (bels)
Idle**
20–1500Hz: 12.5 rads/s²
10–500 Hz: 4.9 Grms ref
2.7 (typical)
2.9 (max)
2.2 (typical)
2.5 (max)
1.9 (typical)
2.3 (max)
Performance seek
3.0 (typical)
3.3 (max)
2.8 (typical)
3.1 (max)
2.7 (typical)
3.0 (max)
Nonrecoverable read errors
Annualized Failure Rate (AFR)
Warranty
1 sector per 1015 bits read
0.73% based on 8760 POH
To determine the warranty for a specific drive, use a web browser to access the following
web page: support.seagate.com/customer/warranty_validation.jsp
You will be asked to provide the drive serial number, model number (or part number) and
country of purchase. After submitting this information, the system will display the warranty
information for your drive.
Load-unload cycles
300,000 (25°C, 50% rel. humidity) (600,000 design life testing)
Yes
Supports Hotplug operation per
Serial ATA Revision 2.6 specification
*One GB equals one billion bytes when referring to hard drive capacity. Accessible capacity may vary depending on operating environment
and formatting.
**During periods of drive idle, some offline activity may occur according to the S.M.A.R.T. specification, which may increase acoustic and
power to operational levels.
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
5
3.2
Formatted capacity
Formatted
capacity*
Guaranteed
sectors
Model
Bytes per sector
ST32000644NS
ST32000544NS
ST31000524NS
2TB
3,907,029,168
1,953,525,168
976,773,168
1TB
512
500GB
*One GB equals one billion bytes when referring to hard drive capacity. Accessible capacity may vary depending on operating environment
and formatting.
3.2.1
LBA mode
When addressing these drives in LBA mode, all blocks (sectors) are consecutively numbered from 0 to n–1,
where n is the number of guaranteed sectors as defined above.
See Section 5.3.1, "Identify Device command" (words 60-61 and 100-103) for additional information about 48-
bit addressing support of drives with capacities over 137GB.
3.3
Default logical geometry
Cylinders
Read/write heads
Sectors per track
63
16,383
16
LBA mode
When addressing these drives in LBA mode, all blocks (sectors) are consecutively numbered from 0 to n–1,
where n is the number of guaranteed sectors as defined above.
3.4
Recording and interface technology
Interface
Serial ATA (SATA)
Recording method
Perpendicular
Recording density, KBPI (Kb/in max)
Track density, KTPI (ktracks/in avg)
1,421
240
2
Areal density (Gb/in avg)
347
Spindle speed (RPM) (± 0.2%)
7200
Internal data transfer rate (Mb/s max)
Sustained data transfer rate (MB/s max)
I/O data-transfer rate (MB/s max)
1300
140
300 (Ultra DMA mode 5)
6
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
3.5
Physical characteristics
Maximum height
26.1mm (1.028 in)
Maximum width
Maximum length
Max weight
101.6mm (4.000 +/- 0.010 in)
146.99mm (5.787 in)
ST32000644NS
ST31000524NS
ST3500514NS
Cache buffer
710g (1.565 lb)
640g (1.411 lb)
610g (1.345 lb)
64MB (64,768KB)
32MB (32,768KB)
ST32000644NS
ST31000524NS and ST3500514NS
3.6
Seek time
Seek measurements are taken with nominal power at 25°C ambient temperature. All times are measured using
drive diagnostics. The specifications in the table below are defined as follows:
• Track-to-track seek time is an average of all possible single-track seeks in both directions.
• Average seek time is a true statistical random average of at least 5000 measurements of seeks between
random tracks, less overhead.
*Typical seek times (ms)
Track-to-track
Read
0.5
Write
0.8
Average
<8.5
4.16
<9.5
Average latency:
*Measured in performance mode.
Note. These drives are designed to consistently meet the seek times represented in this manual. Physical
seeks, regardless of mode (such as track-to-track and average), are expected to meet the noted
values. However, due to the manner in which these drives are formatted, benchmark tests that
include command overhead or measure logical seeks may produce results that vary from these
specifications.
3.7
Start/stop times
2TB models
15 (max)
1TB models
10 (max)
500GB models
7 (max)
Power-on to Ready (sec)
Standby to Ready (sec)
15 (max)
10 (max)
7 (max)
Ready to spindle stop (sec)
20 (max)
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
7
3.8
Power specifications
The drive receives DC power (+5V or +12V) through a native SATA power connector. See Figure 3 on page 24.
3.8.1 Power consumption
Power requirements for the drives are listed in the table on page 9. Typical power measurements are based on
an average of drives tested, under nominal conditions, using 5.0V and 12.0V input voltage at 25°C ambient
temperature.
• Spinup power
Spinup power is measured from the time of power-on to the time that the drive spindle reaches operating
speed.
• Seek mode
During seek mode, the read/write actuator arm moves toward a specific position on the disc surface and
does not execute a read or write operation. Servo electronics are active. Seek mode power represents the
worst-case power consumption, using only random seeks with read or write latency time. This mode is not
typical and is provided for worst-case information.
• Read/write power and current
Read/write power is measured with the heads on track, based on a 16-sector write followed by a 32-ms
delay, then a 16-sector read followed by a 32ms delay.
• Operating power and current
Operating power is measured using 40 percent random seeks, 40 percent read/write mode (1 write for each
10 reads) and 20 percent drive idle mode.
• Idle mode power
Idle mode power is measured with the drive up to speed, with servo electronics active and with the heads in
a random track location.
• Standby mode
During Standby mode, the drive accepts commands, but the drive is not spinning, and the servo and read/
write electronics are in power-down mode.
8
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
Table 2:
2000GB Drive DC power requirements
1.5Gb mode
+12V
3.0Gb mode
+12V
Voltage
+5V
Power
(Watts)
6.38
+5V
±5%
0.27
Power
(Watts)
6.39
Regulation
±5%
±5%
±5%
Avg Idle Current *
Advanced Idle Current *
Idle_A
0.26
0.42
0.42
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.09
0.35
0.36
0.22
0.01
4.83
5.01
3.26
0.51
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.09
0.42
0.36
0.22
0.01
5.70
5.00
3.27
0.53
Idle_B
Idle_C
Standby
Transition Current *
Idle_A (Active)
0.86
0.76
0.78
0.80
0.09
1.66
1.72
2.48
2.64
0.01
24.22
24.47
33.71
35.71
0.52
0.98
0.74
0.78
0.82
0.09
0.90
1.64
2.50
2.64
0.01
15.70
23.42
33.95
35.83
0.55
Idle_B (Active)
Idle_C (Active)
Standby (Active)
Average Sleep Current
Maximum Start Current
DC (peak DC)
0.35
0.59
0.09
2.03
2.66
0.01
26.13
34.91
0.55
0.36
0.61
0.09
2.03
2.64
0.01
26.24
34.77
0.57
AC (Peak DC)
Delayed Motor Start (DC max)
Peak operating current (random read):
Typical DC
0.30
0.30
1.04
0.63
0.64
1.88
9.02
9.21
27.78
0.30
0.31
1.06
0.63
0.64
1.88
9.03
9.22
27.86
Maximum DC
Maximum DC(peak)
Peak operating current (random write)
Typical DC
0.30
0.31
1.40
0.52
0.53
1.86
7.78
7.90
29.32
0.31
0.31
1.44
0.52
0.53
1.84
7.80
7.95
29.28
Maximum DC
Maximum DC(peak)
Peak operating current (sequential read)
Typical DC
0.65
0.67
1.12
0.44
0.45
0.88
8.56
8.78
16.16
0.65
0.67
1.08
0.44
0.44
0.88
8.54
8.67
15.96
Maximum DC
Maximum DC(peak)
Peak operating current (sequential write)
Typical DC
0.64
0.66
1.44
0.44
0.45
0.90
8.52
8.66
18.00
0.65
0.66
1.44
0.44
0.44
0.88
8.52
8.65
17.76
Maximum DC
Maximum DC(peak)
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
9
Table 3:
1000GB Drive DC power requirements
1.5Gb mode
+12V
3.0Gb mode
+12V
Voltage
+5V
Power
(Watts)
4.59
+5V
±5%
0.27
Power
(Watts)
4.61
Regulation
±5%
±5%
±5%
Avg Idle Current *
Advanced Idle Current *
Idle_A
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.09
0.27
0.23
0.08
0.01
3.86
3.53
1.70
0.54
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.10
0.27
0.23
0.08
0.01
3.99
3.56
1.73
0.57
Idle_B
Idle_C
Standby
Transition Current *
Idle_A (Active)
0.86
0.80
0.76
0.78
0.09
0.98
1.32
2.76
2.99
0.01
16.06
19.90
36.98
39.73
0.57
0.86
0.76
0.82
0.78
0.10
1.06
1.27
2.81
3.01
0.01
17.02
19.02
37.78
39.98
0.59
Idle_B (Active)
Idle_C (Active)
Standby (Active)
Average Sleep Current
Maximum Start Current
DC (peak DC)
0.38
0.59
0.11
2.05
2.98
0.01
26.44
38.76
0.66
0.38
0.69
0.11
2.05
2.99
0.01
26.45
39.29
0.64
AC (Peak DC)
Delayed Motor Start (DC max)
Peak operating current (random read):
Typical DC
0.30
0.31
0.96
0.49
0.50
1.54
7.41
7.52
23.28
0.31
0.32
0.96
0.49
0.50
1.54
7.42
7.56
23.28
Maximum DC
Maximum DC(peak)
Peak operating current (random write)
Typical DC
0.32
0.33
1.30
0.38
0.39
1.58
6.20
6.30
25.46
0.33
0.34
1.30
0.38
0.39
1.58
6.21
6.34
25.46
Maximum DC
Maximum DC(peak)
Peak operating current (sequential read)
Typical DC
0.65
0.66
1.00
0.28
0.29
0.62
6.64
6.75
12.44
0.65
0.67
1.02
0.28
0.28
0.62
6.63
6.74
12.54
Maximum DC
Maximum DC(peak)
Peak operating current (sequential write)
Typical DC
0.68
0.70
1.26
0.28
0.29
0.74
6.79
6.92
15.18
0.68
0.70
1.28
0.28
0.28
0.60
6.78
6.90
13.60
Maximum DC
Maximum DC(peak)
10
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
Table 4:
500GB Drive DC power requirements
1.5Gb mode
+12V
3.0Gb mode
+12V
Voltage
+5V
Power
(Watts)
3.71
+5V
±5%
0.28
Power
(Watts)
3.74
Regulation
±5%
±5%
±5%
Avg Idle Current *
Advanced Idle Current *
Idle_A
0.26
0.20
0.20
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.09
0.21
0.18
0.07
0.01
3.13
2.82
1.50
0.53
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.09
0.21
0.18
0.07
0.01
3.17
2.85
1.52
0.55
Idle_B
Idle_C
Standby
Transition Current *
Idle_A (Active)
0.84
0.70
0.70
0.80
0.09
0.52
1.11
2.45
2.59
0.01
10.44
16.81
32.91
35.08
0.54
0.84
0.80
0.72
0.84
0.09
0.54
1.13
2.43
2.59
0.01
10.68
17.56
32.77
35.28
0.56
Idle_B (Active)
Idle_C (Active)
Standby (Active)
Average Sleep Current
Maximum Start Current
DC (peak DC)
0.36
0.55
0.09
2.03
2.59
0.01
26.14
33.83
0.55
0.36
0.63
0.09
2.03
2.59
0.01
26.14
34.24
0.59
AC (Peak DC)
Delayed Motor Start (DC max)
Peak operating current (random read):
Typical DC
0.29
0.30
1.00
0.42
0.42
1.38
6.45
6.56
27.56
0.29
0.30
1.00
0.42
0.42
1.38
6.47
6.54
21.32
Maximum DC
Maximum DC(peak)
Peak operating current (random write)
Typical DC
0.31
0.31
1.20
0.32
0.33
1.40
5.32
5.48
22.80
0.31
0.31
1.20
0.31
0.32
1.38
5.31
5.45
22.56
Maximum DC
Maximum DC(peak)
Peak operating current (sequential read)
Typical DC
0.62
0.63
1.02
0.21
0.21
0.46
5.63
5.72
10.62
0.62
0.63
1.02
0.21
0.21
0.46
5.62
5.72
10.62
Maximum DC
Maximum DC(peak)
Peak operating current (sequential write)
Typical DC
0.66
0.67
1.34
0.21
0.21
0.46
5.84
5.92
12.22
0.66
0.67
1.30
0.21
0.21
0.48
5.82
5.89
12.26
Maximum DC
Maximum DC(peak)
*During periods of drive idle, some offline activity may occur according to the S.M.A.R.T. specification, which may increase acoustic and
power to operational levels.
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
11
3.8.1.1
Typical current profiles
12
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
Figure 1. Typical 5V startup and operation current profile
Figure 2. Typical 12V startup and operation current profile
3.8.2 Conducted noise
Input noise ripple is measured at the host system power supply across an equivalent 80-ohm resistive load on
the +12 V line or an equivalent 15-ohm resistive load on the +5V line.
• Using 12V power, the drive is expected to operate with a maximum of 120mV peak-to-peak square-wave
injected noise at up to 10MHz.
• Using 5V power, the drive is expected to operate with a maximum of 100mV peak-to-peak square-wave
injected noise at up to 10MHz.
Note. Equivalent resistance is calculated by dividing the nominal voltage by the typical RMS read/write
current.
3.8.3
Voltage tolerance
Voltage tolerance (including noise):
5V ± 5%
12V ±10%
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
13
3.8.4
Power-management modes
The drive provides programmable power management to provide greater energy efficiency. In most systems,
you can control power management through the system setup program. The drive features the following
power-management modes:
Power modes
Active
Heads
Spindle
Buffer
Tracking
ID Biased
Parked
Parked
Parked
Parked
Rotating
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
Disabled
Idle_a
Rotating
Idle_b
Rotating
Idle_c
Rotating at lower RPM
Stopped
Standby
Sleep
Stopped
• Active mode
The drive is in Active mode during the read/write and seek operations.
• Idle mode
The buffer remains enabled, and the drive accepts all commands and returns to Active mode any time disc
access is necessary.
• Standby mode
The drive enters Standby mode when the host sends a Standby Immediate command. If the host has set
the standby timer, the drive can also enter Standby mode automatically after the drive has been inactive for
a specifiable length of time. The standby timer delay is established using a Standby or Idle command. In
Standby mode, the drive buffer is enabled, the heads are parked and the spindle is at rest. The drive
accepts all commands and returns to Active mode any time disc access is necessary.
• Sleep mode
The drive enters Sleep mode after receiving a Sleep command from the host. In Sleep mode, the drive buf-
fer is disabled, the heads are parked and the spindle is at rest. The drive leaves Sleep mode after it
receives a Hard Reset or Soft Reset from the host. After receiving a reset, the drive exits Sleep mode and
enters Standby mode with all current translation parameters intact.
• Idle and Standby timers
Each time the drive performs an Active function (read, write or seek), the standby timer is reinitialized and
begins counting down from its specified delay times to zero. If the standby timer reaches zero before any
drive activity is required, the drive makes a transition to Standby mode. In both Idle and Standby mode, the
drive accepts all commands and returns to Active mode when disc access is necessary.
14
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
3.8.4.1
Extended Power Conditions - PowerChoiceTM
Utilizing the load/unload architecture a programmable power management interface is provided to tailor sys-
tems for reduced power consumption and performance requirements.
The table below lists the supported power conditions available in PowerChoice. Power conditions are ordered
from highest power consumption (and shortest recovery time) to lowest power consumption (and longest
recovery time) as follows: Idle_a power >= Idle_b power >= Idle_c power >= Standby_z power. The further you
go down in the table, the more power savings is actualized. For example, Idle_b results in greater power sav-
ings than the Idle_a power condition. Standby results in the greatest power savings.
Power Condition Name
Power Condition ID
Description
Idle_a
81
82
83
00
Reduced electronics
H
H
H
H
Idle_b
Heads unloaded. Disks spinning at full RPM
Heads unloaded. Disks spinning at reduced RPM
Heads unloaded. Motor stopped (disks not spinning)
Idle_c
Standby_z
Each power condition has a set of current, saved and default settings. Default settings are not modifiable.
Default and saved settings persist across power-on resets. The current settings do not persist across power-on
resets. At the time of manufacture, the default, saved and current settings are in the Power Conditions log
match.
PowerChoice is invoked using one of two methods
• Automatic power transitions which are triggered by expiration of individual power condition timers. These
timer values may be customized and enabled using the Extended Power Conditions (EPC) feature set using
the standardized Set Features command interface.
• Immediate host commanded power transitions may be initiated using an EPC Set Features "Go to Power
Condition" subcommand to enter any supported power condition. Legacy power commands Standby Imme-
diate and Idle Immediate also provide a method to directly transition the drive into supported power condi-
tions.
PowerChoice exits power saving states under the following conditions
• Any command which requires the drive to enter the PM0: Active state (media access)
• Power on reset
PowerChoice provides the following reporting methods for tracking purposes
Check Power Mode Command
• Reports the current power state of the drive
Identify Device Command
• EPC Feature set supported flag
• EPC Feature enabled flag is set if at least one Idle power condition timer is enabled
Power Condition Log reports the following for each power condition
• Nominal recovery time from the power condition to active
• If the power condition is Supported, Changeable, and Savable
• Default enabled state, and timer value
• Saved enabled state, and timer value
• Current enabled state, and timer value
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
15
S.M.A.R.T. Read Data Reports
• Attribute 192 - Emergency Retract Count
• Attribute 193 - Load/Unload Cycle Count
PowerChoice Manufacture Default Power Condition Timer Values
Default power condition timer values have been established to assure product reliability and data integrity. A
minimum timer value threshold of two minutes ensures the appropriate amount of background drive mainte-
nance activities occur. Attempting to set a timer values less than the specified minimum timer value threshold
will result in an aborted EPC "Set Power Condition Timer" subcommand.
Power Condition Name
Manufacturer Default Timer Values
Idle_a
2 min
Idle_b
4 min
Idle_c
10 min
15 min
Standby_z
Setting power condition timer values less than the manufacturer specified defaults or issuing the EPC "Go to
Power Condition" subcommand at a rate exceeding the default timers may limit this products reliability and
data integrity.
PowerChoice Supported Extended Power Condition Feature Subcommands
EPC Subcommand
Description
00
01
02
03
Restore Power Condition Settings
Go to Power Condition
Set Power Condition Timer
Set Power Condition State
H
H
H
H
PowerChoice Supported Extended Power Condition Indentifiers
Power Condition Identifiers
00
Power Condition Name
Standby_z
H
01 - 80
Reserved
H
81
82
83
Idle_a
H
H
H
Idle_b
Idle_c
84 - FE
Reserved
H
FF
All EPC Power Conditions
H
16
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
3.9
Environmental limits
Temperature and humidity values experienced by the drive must be such that condensation does not occur on
any drive part. Altitude and atmospheric pressure specifications are referenced to a standard day at 58.7°F
(14.8°C). Maximum wet bulb temperature is 82°F (28°C).
3.9.1
Temperature
a. Operating
To obtain optimal performance, drives should be run at nominal case temperatures.
With cooling designed to maintain the case temperatures, the drive meets all specifications over a 41°F to
140°F (5°C to 60°C) drive ambient temperature range with a maximum temperature gradient of 36°F (20°C)
per hour. The enclosure for the drive should be designed such that these temperatures not exceeded. Air
flow may be needed to achieve these temperature values. Operation at case temperatures above these val-
ues may adversely affect the drives ability to meet specifications.
The MTBF specification for the drive is based on operating in an environment that ensures that the case
temperatures are not exceeded. Occasional excursions to drive ambient temperatures of 140°F (60°C) or
41°F (5°C) may occur without impact to specified MTBF. Air flow may be needed to achieve these tempera-
tures. Continual or sustained operation at case temperatures above these values may degrade MTBF. The
maximum allowable continuous or sustained HDA case temperature for the rated MTBF is 104°F (40°C).
To confirm that the required cooling for the electronics and HDA is provided, place the drive in its final
mechanical configuration, perform random write/read operations. After the temperatures stabilize, measure
the case temperature of the drive.
The maximum allowable HDA case temperature is 60°C. Operation of the drive at the maximum case tem-
perature is intended for short time periods only. Continuous operation at the elevated temperatures will
reduce product reliability.
b. Non-operating
–40° to 158°F (–40° to 70°C) package ambient with a maximum gradient of 36°F (20°C) per hour. This
specification assumes that the drive is packaged in the shipping container designed by Seagate for use with
drive.
3.9.2
Humidity
3.9.2.1
Relative humidity
Operating:
Nonoperating:
5% to 90% noncondensing (30% per hour max)
5% to 95% noncondensing (30% per hour max)
3.9.2.2
Wet bulb temperature
Operating:
37.7°C (99.9°F max)
40.0°C (104.0°F max)
Nonoperating:
3.9.3
Altitude
Operating:
–60.96 m to 3,048 m (–200 ft. to 10,000+ ft.)
–60.96 m to 12,192 m (–200 ft. to 40,000+ ft.)
Nonoperating:
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
17
3.9.4
Shock
All shock specifications assume that the drive is mounted securely with the input shock applied at the drive
mounting screws. Shock may be applied in the X, Y or Z axis.
3.9.4.1
Operating shock
These drives comply with the performance levels specified in this document when subjected to a maximum
operating shock of 80 Gs (read) and 40 Gs (write) based on half-sine shock pulses of 2ms. Shocks should not
be repeated more than two times per second.
3.9.4.2
Nonoperating shock
1TB and 500GB models
The nonoperating shock level that the drive can experience without incurring physical damage or degradation
in performance when subsequently put into operation is 350 Gs based on a nonrepetitive half-sine shock pulse
of 2ms duration.
2TB models
The nonoperating shock level that the drive can experience without incurring physical damage or degradation
in performance when subsequently put into operation is 300 Gs based on a nonrepetitive half-sine shock pulse
of 2ms duration.
3.9.5
Vibration
All vibration specifications assume that the drive is mounted securely with the input vibration applied at the
drive mounting screws. Vibration may be applied in the X, Y or Z axis.
3.9.5.1
Operating vibration
The maximum vibration levels that the drive may experience while meeting the performance standards speci-
fied in this document are specified below.
5–22 Hz
0.25 Gs
0.50 Gs
0.25 Gs
22–350 Hz
350–500 Hz
20 - 1500Hz
*(RROV)
2
12.5 rads/s w/RVFF
* Rotary Random Operating Vibration
3.9.5.2 Nonoperating vibration
The maximum nonoperating vibration levels that the drive may experience without incurring physical damage
or degradation in performance when subsequently put into operation are specified below.
10–500 Hz
Linear Random
4.9 Grms ref
18
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
3.10
Acoustics
Drive acoustics are measured as overall A-weighted acoustic sound power levels (no pure tones). All mea-
surements are consistent with ISO document 7779. Sound power measurements are taken under essentially
free-field conditions over a reflecting plane. For all tests, the drive is oriented with the cover facing upward.
Note. For seek mode tests, the drive is placed in seek mode only. The number of seeks per second is defined
by the following equation:
(Number of seeks per second = 0.4 / (average latency + average access time)
Table 5:
Fluid Dynamic Bearing (FDB) motor acoustics
Idle*
Performance seek
ST32000644NS
ST31000524NS
ST3500514NS
2.7 bels (typ)
2.9 bels (max)
3.0 bels (typ)
3.3 bels (max)
2.2 bels (typ)
2.5 bels (max)
2.8 bels (typ)
3.1 bels (max)
1.9 bels (typ)
2.3 bels (max)
2.7 bels (typ)
3.0 bels (max)
*During periods of drive idle, some offline activity may occur according to the S.M.A.R.T. specification, which may increase acoustic and
power to operational levels.
3.11
Test for Prominent Discrete Tones (PDTs)
Seagate follows the ECMA-74 standards for measurement and identification of PDTs. An exception to this
process is the use of the absolute threshold of hearing. Seagate uses this threshold curve (originated in ISO
389-7) to discern tone audibility and to compensate for the inaudible components of sound prior to computation
of tone ratios according to Annex D of the ECMA-74 standards.
3.12
Electromagnetic immunity
When properly installed in a representative host system, the drive operates without errors or degradation in
performance when subjected to the radio frequency (RF) environments defined in the following table:
Table 6:
Test
Radio frequency environments
Description
Performance level
Reference standard
Electrostatic
discharge
Contact, HCP, VCP: ± 4 kV; Air: ± 8 kV
B
EN 61000-4-2: 95
Radiated RF
immunity
80 to 1000 MHz, 3 V/m,
A
B
EN 61000-4-3: 96
ENV 50204: 95
80% AM with 1 kHz sine
900 MHz, 3 V/m, 50% pulse modulation @ 200 Hz
Electrical fast
transient
± 1 kV on AC mains, ± 0.5 kV on external I/O
EN 61000-4-4: 95
Surge immunity ± 1 kV differential, ± 2 kV common, AC mains
B
A
EN 61000-4-5: 95
EN 61000-4-6: 97
Conducted RF
immunity
150 kHz to 80 MHz, 3 Vrms, 80% AM with 1 kHz sine
Voltage dips,
interrupts
0% open, 5 seconds
0% short, 5 seconds
40%, 0.10 seconds
70%, 0.01 seconds
C
C
C
B
EN 61000-4-11: 94
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
19
3.13
Reliability
3.13.1
Annualized Failure Rate (AFR) and Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)
The product shall achieve an Annualized Failure Rate (AFR) of 0.73% (MTBF of 1.2 million hours) when oper-
ated nominal power and typical case temperatures of 40°C. Operation at temperatures outside the specifica-
tions in Section 3.9 may increase the product AFR (decrease MTBF). AFR and MTBF are population statistics
that are not relevant to individual units.
AFR and MTBF specifications are based on the following assumptions for business critical storage system
environments:
• 8,760 power-on-hours per year.
• Operations at nominal voltages.
• Normal I/O duty cycle for enterprise nearline applications. Operation at excessive I/O duty cycle may
degrade product reliability.
The enterprise application nearline environment of power-on-hours, temperature, and I/O duty cycle affect the
product AFR and MTBF.
15
Nonrecoverable read errors
Annualized Failure Rate (AFR)
Load unload cycles
1 per 10 bits read, max
0.73% (nominal power, 40°C case temperature)
300,000 cycles
Warranty
To determine the warranty for a specific drive, use a web browser to access the
following web page: support.seagate.com/customer/warranty_validation.jsp
From this page, click on the "Verify Your Warranty" link. You will be asked to provide
the drive serial number, model number (or part number) and country of purchase.The
system will display the warranty information for your drive.
Preventive maintenance
None required.
3.14
Agency certification
3.14.1
Safety certification
These products are certified to meet the requirements of UL60950-1, CSA60950-1 and EN60950 and so
marked as to the certify agency.
3.14.2
Electromagnetic compatibility
Hard drives that display the CE mark comply with the European Union (EU) requirements specified in the Elec-
tromagnetic Compatibility Directive (2004/108/EC) as put into place 20 July 2007. Testing is performed to the
levels specified by the product standards for Information Technology Equipment (ITE). Emission levels are
defined by EN 55022, Class B and the immunity levels are defined by EN 55024.
Drives are tested in representative end-user systems. Although CE-marked Seagate drives comply with the
directives when used in the test systems, we cannot guarantee that all systems will comply with the directives.
The drive is designed for operation inside a properly designed enclosure, with properly shielded I/O cable (if
necessary) and terminators on all unused I/O ports. Computer manufacturers and system integrators should
confirm EMC compliance and provide CE marking for their products.
20
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
Korean RRL
If these drives have the Korean Communications Commission (KCC) logo, they comply with paragraph 1 of
Article 11 of the Electromagnetic Compatibility control Regulation and meet the Electromagnetic Compatibility
(EMC) Framework requirements of the Radio Research Laboratory (RRL) Communications Commission,
Republic of Korea.
These drives have been tested and comply with the Electromagnetic Interference/Electromagnetic
Susceptibility (EMI/EMS) for Class B products. Drives are tested in a representative, end-user system by a
Korean-recognized lab.
• Family name: Constellation ES
• Certificate number: STX-Constell-ES (B)
Australian C-Tick (N176)
If these models have the C-Tick marking, they comply with the Australia/New Zealand Standard AS/NZ
CISPR22 and meet the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Framework requirements of the Australian
Communication Authority (ACA).
3.14.3
FCC verification
These drives are intended to be contained solely within a personal computer or similar enclosure (not attached
as an external device). As such, each drive is considered to be a subassembly even when it is individually
marketed to the customer. As a subassembly, no Federal Communications Commission verification or
certification of the device is required.
Seagate has tested this device in enclosures as described above to ensure that the total assembly (enclosure,
disc drive, motherboard, power supply, etc.) does comply with the limits for a Class B computing device,
pursuant to Subpart J, Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation with noncertified assemblies is likely to result in
interference to radio and television reception.
Radio and television interference. This equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy and if not
installed and used in strict accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, may cause interference to radio
and television reception.
This equipment is designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residential
installation. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this
equipment does cause interference to radio or television, which can be determined by turning the equipment
on and off, you are encouraged to try one or more of the following corrective measures:
• Reorient the receiving antenna.
• Move the device to one side or the other of the radio or TV.
• Move the device farther away from the radio or TV.
• Plug the computer into a different outlet so that the receiver and computer are on different branch outlets.
If necessary, you should consult your dealer or an experienced radio/television technician for additional
suggestions. You may find helpful the following booklet prepared by the Federal Communications Commission:
How to Identify and Resolve Radio-Television Interference Problems. This booklet is available from the Super-
intendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. Refer to publication num-
ber 004-000-00345-4.
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
21
3.15
Environmental protection
Seagate designs its products to meet environmental protection requirements worldwide, including regulations
restricting certain chemical substances.
3.15.1
European Union Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive
Seagate designs its products to meet environmental protection requirements worldwide, including regulations
restricting certain chemical substances. A new law, the European Union Restriction of Hazardous Substances
(RoHS) Directive, restricts the presence of chemical substances, including Lead, Cadmium, Mercury,
Hexavalent Chromium, PBB and PBDE, in electronic products, effective July 2006. This drive is manufactured
with components and materials that comply with the RoHS Directive.
中国限制危险物品的指令
China Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive
3.15.2
This product has an Environmental Protection Use Period (EPUP) of 20 years. The following
table contains information mandated by China's "Marking Requirements for Control of Pollution
Caused by Electronic Information Products" Standard.
"O" indicates the hazardous and toxic substance content of the part (at the homogenous material level) is lower
than the threshold defined by the China RoHS MCV Standard.
O"
RoHS MCV
表示该部件（于同类物品程度上）所含的危险和有毒物质低于中国
标准所定义的门槛值。
"X" indicates the hazardous and toxic substance content of the part (at the homogenous material level) is over
the threshold defined by the China RoHS MCV Standard.
X "
RoHS MCV
表示该部件（于同类物品程度上）所含的危险和有毒物质超出中国
标准所定义的门槛值。
3.16
Corrosive environment
Seagate electronic drive components pass accelerated corrosion testing equivalent to 10 years exposure to
light industrial environments containing sulfurous gases, chlorine and nitric oxide, classes G and H per ASTM
B845. However, this accelerated testing cannot duplicate every potential application environment. Users
should use caution exposing any electronic components to uncontrolled chemical pollutants and corrosive
chemicals as electronic drive component reliability can be affected by the installation environment. The silver,
copper, nickel and gold films used in Seagate products are especially sensitive to the presence of sulfide, chlo-
ride, and nitrate contaminants. Sulfur is found to be the most damaging. In addition, electronic components
should never be exposed to condensing water on the surface of the printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) or
exposed to an ambient relative humidity greater than 95%. Materials used in cabinet fabrication, such as vulca-
nized rubber, that can outgas corrosive compounds should be minimized or eliminated. The useful life of any
electronic equipment may be extended by replacing materials near circuitry with sulfide-free alternatives.
22
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
4.0
Configuring and mounting the drive
This section contains the specifications and instructions for configuring and mounting the drive.
4.1
Handling and static-discharge precautions
After unpacking, and before installation, the drive may be exposed to potential handling and electrostatic dis-
charge (ESD) hazards. Observe the following standard handling and static-discharge precautions:
Caution:
• Before handling the drive, put on a grounded wrist strap, or ground yourself frequently by touching the metal
chassis of a computer that is plugged into a grounded outlet. Wear a grounded wrist strap throughout the entire
installation procedure.
• Handle the drive by its edges or frame only.
• The drive is extremely fragile—handle it with care. Do not press down on the drive top cover.
• Always rest the drive on a padded, antistatic surface until you mount it in the computer.
• Do not touch the connector pins or the printed circuit board.
• Do not remove the factory-installed labels from the drive or cover them with additional labels. Removal voids
the warranty. Some factory-installed labels contain information needed to service the drive. Other labels are
used to seal out dirt and contamination.
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
23
4.2
Configuring the drive
Each drive on the Serial ATA interface connects point-to-point with the Serial ATA host adapter. There is no
master/slave relationship because each drive is considered a master in a point-to-point relationship. If two
drives are attached on one Serial ATA host adapter, the host operating system views the two devices as if they
were both “masters” on two separate ports. Both drives behave as if they are Device 0 (master) devices.
4.3
Serial ATA cables and connectors
The Serial ATA interface cable consists of four conductors in two differential pairs, plus three ground connec-
tions. The cable size may be 30 to 26 AWG with a maximum length of one meter (39.37 in). See Table 7 for
connector pin definitions. Either end of the SATA signal cable can be attached to the drive or host.
For direct backplane connection, the drive connectors are inserted directly into the host receptacle. The drive
and the host receptacle incorporate features that enable the direct connection to be hot pluggable and blind
mateable.
For installations which require cables, you can connect the drive as illustrated in Figure 3.
Signal connector
Power connector
Signal cable
Power cable
Figure 3. Attaching SATA cabling
Each cable is keyed to ensure correct orientation. Constellation ES Serial ATA drives support latching SATA
connectors.
24
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
4.4
Drive mounting
You can mount the drive in any orientation using four screws in the side-mounting holes or four screws in the
bottom-mounting holes. See Figure 4 for drive mounting dimensions. Follow these important mounting precau-
tions when mounting the drive:
• Allow a minimum clearance of 0.030 in (0.76mm) around the entire perimeter of the drive for cooling.
• Use only 6-32 UNC mounting screws.
• The screws should be inserted no more than 0.150 in (3.81mm) into the bottom or side mounting holes.
• Do not overtighten the mounting screws (maximum torque: 6 in-lb).
Recommended
case temperature
measurement location
[1]
5.787 (146.9898) max.
.250 + .015
(6.35 + .381)
(3x both sides)
1.638
(41.605)
1.122
+ .020
(28.499
+ .508)
[1]
[1]
4.000
(101.60)
[1]
4.000
(101.6)
1.028 max
(26.111 max)
[1]
.138
(3.505)
.814
(20.676)
C of conn. Datum B
L
2.00
Notes:
(50.80)
Dimensions are shown in inches (mm).
[1] Dimensions per SFF-8301 specification
C of drive
L
[1]
2 x 3.750
(2 x 95.25)
2 x 1.625
(2 x 41.28)
[1]
[1]
2 x 1.750
(2 x 44.45)
4.000
(101.6)
[1]
Recommended
case temperature
measurement location
Figure 4. Mounting dimensions—top, side and end view
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
25
5.0
Serial ATA (SATA) interface
These drives use the industry-standard Serial ATA interface that supports FIS data transfers. It supports ATA
programmed input/output (PIO) modes 0–4; multiword DMA modes 0–2, and Ultra DMA modes 0–6.
For detailed information about the Serial ATA interface, refer to the “Serial ATA: High Speed Serialized AT
Attachment” specification.
5.1
Hot-Plug compatibility
Constellation ES Serial ATA drives incorporate connectors which enable you to hot plug these drives in accor-
ata.org.
Caution:
prior to changing the plane of operation. This time is required to insure data integrity.
26
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
5.2
Serial ATA device plug connector pin definitions
Table 7 summarizes the signals on the Serial ATA interface and power connectors.
Table 7: Serial ATA connector pin definitions
Segment Pin
Function
Ground
A+
Definition
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
S6
2nd mate
Differential signal pair A from Phy
A-
Ground
B-
2nd mate
Differential signal pair B from Phy
B+
Signal
S7
Ground
2nd mate
Key and spacing separate signal and power segments
P1
V33
3.3V power
P2
V33
3.3V power
P3
V33
3.3V power, pre-charge, 2nd mate
1st mate
P4
Ground
Ground
Ground
V5
P5
2nd mate
P6
2nd mate
P7
5V power, pre-charge, 2nd mate
5V power
P8
V5
Power
P9
V5
5V power
P10
P11
P12
P13
P14
P15
Ground
2nd mate
Ground or LED signal If grounded, drive does not use deferred spin
Ground
V12
1st mate.
12V power, pre-charge, 2nd mate
12V power
V12
V12
12V power
Notes:
1. All pins are in a single row, with a 1.27mm (0.050”) pitch.
2. The comments on the mating sequence apply to the case of backplane blindmate connector only. In this
case, the mating sequences are:
• the ground pins P4 and P12.
• the pre-charge power pins and the other ground pins.
• the signal pins and the rest of the power pins.
3. There are three power pins for each voltage. One pin from each voltage is used for pre-charge when
installed in a blind-mate backplane configuration.
4. All used voltage pins (Vx) must be terminated.
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
27
5.3
Supported ATA commands
The following table lists Serial ATA standard commands that the drive supports. For a detailed description of
Table 8:
Supported ATA commands
Command name
Command code (in hex)
E5
Check Power Mode
Device Configuration Freeze Lock
Device Configuration Identify
Device Configuration Restore
Device Configuration Set
Device Reset
H
B1 / C1
H
H
H
H
H
B1 / C2
H
B1 / C0
H
B1 / C3
H
08
92
90
H
H
H
Download Microcode
Execute Device Diagnostics
Flush Cache
E7
H
Flush Cache Extended
Format Track
EA
H
50
H
Identify Device
EC
H
Idle
E3
E1
H
Idle Immediate
H
H
Initialize Device Parameters
Read Buffer
91
E4
H
Read DMA
C8
H
Read DMA Extended
Read DMA Without Retries
Read Log Ext
25
H
C9
H
H
2F
Read Multiple
C4
H
Read Multiple Extended
Read Native Max Address
Read Native Max Address Extended
Read Sectors
29
H
F8
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
27
20
24
21
40
42
41
10
Read Sectors Extended
Read Sectors Without Retries
Read Verify Sectors
Read Verify Sectors Extended
Read Verify Sectors Without Retries
Recalibrate
Security Disable Password
Security Erase Prepare
Security Erase Unit
F6
F3
F4
H
H
H
28
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
Command name
Security Freeze
Security Set Password
Security Unlock
Seek
Command code (in hex)
F5
F1
F2
H
H
H
H
70
Set Features
EF
H
H
Set Max Address
F9
Note: Individual Set Max Address
commands are identified by the value
placed in the Set Max Features regis-
ter as defined to the right.
Address:
Password:
Lock:
00
01
02
03
04
H
H
H
H
H
Unlock:
Freeze Lock:
Set Max Address Extended
Set Multiple Mode
37
H
C6
H
Sleep
E6
H
S.M.A.R.T. Disable Operations
S.M.A.R.T. Enable/Disable Autosave
S.M.A.R.T. Enable Operations
S.M.A.R.T. Execute Offline
S.M.A.R.T. Read Attribute Thresholds
S.M.A.R.T. Read Data
S.M.A.R.T. Read Log Sector
S.M.A.R.T. Return Status
S.M.A.R.T. Save Attribute Values
S.M.A.R.T. Write Log Sector
Standby
B0 / D9
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
B0 / D2
H
B0 / D8
H
B0 / D4
H
B0 / D1
H
B0 / D0
H
B0 / D5
H
B0 / DA
H
H
H
H
B0 / D3
H
B0 / D6
H
E2
E0
E8
H
H
H
Standby Immediate
Write Buffer
Write DMA
CA
H
Write DMA Extended
Write DMA FUA Extended
Write DMA Without Retries
Write Log Extended
35
H
3D
CB
H
H
3F
H
Write Multiple
C5
39
H
Write Multiple Extended
Write Multiple FUA Extended
Write Sectors
H
CE
H
30
31
34
45
H
Write Sectors Without Retries
Write Sectors Extended
Write Uncorrectable
H
H
H
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
29
5.3.1
Identify Device command
The Identify Device command (command code EC ) transfers information about the drive to the host following
H
power up. The data is organized as a single 512-byte block of data, whose contents are shown in Table 8 on
page 28. All reserved bits or words should be set to zero. Parameters listed with an “x” are drive-specific or
The following commands contain drive-specific features that may not be included in the Serial ATA
specification.
Word
Description
Value
Configuration information:
• Bit 15: 0 = ATA; 1 = ATAPI
• Bit 7: removable media
• Bit 6: removable controller
• Bit 0: reserved
0
0C5A
H
1
Number of logical cylinders
16,383
2
ATA-reserved
0000
16
H
3
Number of logical heads
4
Retired
0000
0000
H
H
5
Retired
6
Number of logical sectors per logical track: 63
Retired
003F
H
H
7–9
10–19
20
21
22
0000
Serial number: (20 ASCII characters, 0000 = none)
ASCII
H
Retired
Retired
Obsolete
0000
0400
0000
H
H
H
Firmware revision
23–26
27–46
47
x.xx
(8 ASCII character string, padded with blanks to end of string)
Drive model number:
(40 ASCII characters, padded with blanks to end of string)
(Bits 7–0) Maximum sectors per interrupt on Read multiple and Write
multiple (16)
8010
0000
H
H
48
Reserved
49
Standard Standby timer, IORDY supported and may be disabled
ATA-reserved
2F00
H
H
H
H
H
50
0000
0200
0200
0007
51
PIO data-transfer cycle timing mode
Retired
52
53
Words 54–58, 64–70 and 88 are valid
Number of current logical cylinders
Number of current logical heads
Number of current logical sectors per logical track
Current capacity in sectors
54
xxxx
xxxx
xxxx
xxxx
H
55
H
H
H
56
57–58
Number of sectors transferred during a Read Multiple
or Write Multiple command
59
xxxx
H
30
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
Word
Description
Value
Total number of user-addressable LBA sectors available
(see Section 3.2 for related information)
*Note: The maximum value allowed in this field is: 0FFFFFFFh
(268,435,455 sectors, 137GB). Drives with capacities over 137GB will
have 0FFFFFFFh in this field and the actual number of user-address-
able LBAs specified in words 100-103. This is required for drives that
support the 48-bit addressing feature.
60–61
0FFFFFFFh*
62
63
Retired
0000
H
Multiword DMA active and modes supported
(see note following this table)
xx07
H
64
65
Advanced PIO modes supported (modes 3 and 4 supported)
Minimum multiword DMA transfer cycle time per word (120 ns)
0003
0078
H
H
Recommended multiword DMA transfer cycle time per word
(120 ns)
66
0078
H
67
Minimum PIO cycle time without IORDY flow control (240 ns)
Minimum PIO cycle time with IORDY flow control (120 ns)
ATA-reserved
00F0
H
H
H
68
0078
0000
69–74
75
Queue depth
001F
H
76
Serial ATA capabilities
xxxx
xxxx
xxxx
xxxx
H
77
Reserved for future Serial ATA definition
Serial ATA features supported
Serial ATA features enabled
Major version number
H
H
H
78
79
80
003E
H
81
Minor version number
0028
H
82
Command sets supported
364B
H
83
Command sets supported
7C03
H
4003 See Word 108-111 note.
(4003H = 0100000000000011
binary)
H
Command sets support extension
(see note following this table)
84
85
Command sets enabled
30xx
H
86
Command sets enabled
0001
4000
H
H
H
87
Command sets enable extension
Ultra DMA support and current mode (see note following this table)
Security erase time
88
xx3F
89
0000
0000
H
H
90
Enhanced security erase time
Master password revision code
Hardware reset value
92
FFFE
H
93
xxxx
H
95–99
ATA-reserved
0000
H
Total number of user-addressable LBA sectors available (see Section
3.2 for related information). These words are required for drives that
support the 48-bit addressing feature. Maximum value:
0000FFFFFFFFFFFFh.
ST32000641AS = 3,907,029,168
ST31000524NS = 1,953,525,168
100–103
104–107
ST3500514NS =
976,773,168
ATA-reserved
0000
H
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
31
Word
Description
Value
108–111
The mandatory value of the world wide name (WWN) for the drive.
NOTE: This field is valid if word 84, bit 8 is set to 1 indicating 64-bit
WWN support.
Each drive will have a unique
value.
112–127
128
ATA-reserved
Security status
Seagate-reserved
ATA-reserved
Integrity word
0000
0001
H
H
129–159
160–254
255
xxxx
H
0000
xxA5
H
H
Note. See the bit descriptions below for words 63, 84, and 88 of the Identify Drive data.
Description (if bit is set to 1)
Bit
0
Word 63
Multiword DMA mode 0 is supported.
Multiword DMA mode 1 is supported.
Multiword DMA mode 2 is supported.
Multiword DMA mode 0 is currently active.
Multiword DMA mode 1 is currently active.
Multiword DMA mode 2 is currently active.
Word 84
1
2
8
9
10
Bit
0
SMART error logging is supported.
SMART self-test is supported.
1
2
Media serial number is supported.
Media Card Pass Through Command feature set is supported.
Streaming feature set is supported.
GPL feature set is supported.
3
4
5
6
WRITE DMA FUA EXT and WRITE MULTIPLE FUA EXT commands are supported.
7
WRITE DMA QUEUED FUA EXT command is supported.
64-bit World Wide Name is supported.
Obsolete.
8
9-10
11-12
13
14
15
Reserved for TLC.
IDLE IMMEDIATE command with IUNLOAD feature is supported.
Shall be set to 1.
Shall be cleared to 0.
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Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
Bit
0
Word 88
Ultra DMA mode 0 is supported.
Ultra DMA mode 1 is supported.
Ultra DMA mode 2 is supported.
Ultra DMA mode 3 is supported.
Ultra DMA mode 4 is supported.
Ultra DMA mode 5 is supported.
Ultra DMA mode 6 is supported.
Ultra DMA mode 0 is currently active.
Ultra DMA mode 1 is currently active.
Ultra DMA mode 2 is currently active.
Ultra DMA mode 3 is currently active.
Ultra DMA mode 4 is currently active.
Ultra DMA mode 5 is currently active.
Ultra DMA mode 6 is currently active.
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
33
5.3.2
Set Features command
This command controls the implementation of various features that the drive supports. When the drive receives
this command, it sets BSY, checks the contents of the Features register, clears BSY and generates an inter-
rupt. If the value in the register does not represent a feature that the drive supports, the command is aborted.
Power-on default has the read look-ahead and write caching features enabled. The acceptable values for the
Features register are defined as follows:
Table 9:
Set Features command values
02
03
Enable write cache (default).
H
H
Set transfer mode (based on value in Sector Count register).
Sector Count register values:
00 Set PIO mode to default (PIO mode 2).
H
01 Set PIO mode to default and disable IORDY (PIO mode 2).
H
08 PIO mode 0
H
09 PIO mode 1
H
0A PIO mode 2
H
0B PIO mode 3
H
0C PIO mode 4 (default)
H
20 Multiword DMA mode 0
H
21 Multiword DMA mode 1
H
22 Multiword DMA mode 2
H
40 Ultra DMA mode 0
H
41 Ultra DMA mode 1
H
42 Ultra DMA mode 2
H
43 Ultra DMA mode 3
H
44 Ultra DMA mode 4
H
45 Ultra DMA mode 5
H
46 Ultra DMA mode 6
H
10
55
82
90
Enable use of SATA features
H
H
H
H
Disable read look-ahead (read cache) feature.
Disable write cache
Disable use of SATA features
AA
Enable read look-ahead (read cache) feature (default).
Report full capacity available
H
F1
H
Note. At power-on, or after a hardware or software reset, the default values of the features are as indi-
cated above.
34
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
5.3.3
S.M.A.R.T. commands
S.M.A.R.T. provides near-term failure prediction for disc drives. When S.M.A.R.T. is enabled, the drive moni-
tors predetermined drive attributes that are susceptible to degradation over time. If self-monitoring determines
that a failure is likely, S.M.A.R.T. makes a status report available to the host. Not all failures are predictable.
S.M.A.R.T. predictability is limited to the attributes the drive can monitor. For more information on S.M.A.R.T.
commands and implementation, see the Draft ATA-5 Standard.
SeaTools diagnostic software activates a built-in drive self-test (DST S.M.A.R.T. command for D4 ) that elimi-
H
nates unnecessary drive returns. The diagnostic software ships with all new drives and is also available at:
This drive is shipped with S.M.A.R.T. features disabled. You must have a recent BIOS or software package that
supports S.M.A.R.T. to enable this feature. The table below shows the S.M.A.R.T. command codes that the
drive uses.
Table 10:
S.M.A.R.T. commands
Code in features register
S.M.A.R.T. command
D0
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D8
D9
S.M.A.R.T. Read Data
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
S.M.A.R.T. Enable/Disable Attribute Autosave
S.M.A.R.T. Save Attribute Values
S.M.A.R.T. Execute Off-line Immediate (runs DST)
S.M.A.R.T. Read Log Sector
S.M.A.R.T. Write Log Sector
S.M.A.R.T. Enable Operations
S.M.A.R.T. Disable Operations
S.M.A.R.T. Return Status
DA
H
Note. If an appropriate code is not written to the Features Register, the command is aborted and 0x04
(abort) is written to the Error register.
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
35
36
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
Index
A
ACA 21
acoustics 19
Active 14
altitude 17
dimensions 25
E
Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (2004/108/
EC) 20
ambient 17
EN60950 20
enclosures 21
environmental
limits 17
errors 20
ESD 23
B
BPI 6
buffer 7
EU 20
C
cache 7
capacity 6
certification 20
compatibility 20
F
features 2
connectors 24
CSA60950-1 20
G
geometry 6
gradient 17
Cylinders 6
H
heads 6
height 7
humidity 17
D
density 6
I
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
37
40
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
Seagate Technology LLC
920 Disc Drive, Scotts Valley, California 95066-4544, USA
Publication Number: 100516232, Rev. D
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