HP Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Cell Phone Accessories 8935 User Manual
HP 8935 CDMA Cellu la r /P CS Ba se Sta t ion  
Test Set  
AMP S Ba se Sta tion Test s  
Ap p lica tion Gu id e  
F ir m w a r e Ver sion : A.01.00 a n d a b ove  
HP Part Number: E6380-90017  
R e vision A  
P r in t ed in U.S.A  
Novem b er 1997  
© Copyright Hewlett-Packard Company 1997  
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Ma n u fa ct u r er ’s Decla r a tion  
This statement is provided to comply with the requirements of the  
German Sound Emission Directive, from 18 J anuary 1991.  
This product has a sound pressure emission (at the operator position)  
< 70 dB(A).  
Sound Pressure Lp < 70 dB(A)  
At Operator Position  
Normal Operation  
According to ISO 7779:1988/EN 27779:1991 (Type Test).  
H er st eller b esch ein igu n g  
Diese Information steht im Zusammenhang mit den Anforderungen der  
Maschinenlärminformationsverordnung vom 18 J anuary 1991.  
Schalldruckpegel Lp < 70 dB(A).  
Am Arbeitsplatz  
Normaler Betrieb.  
Nach ISO 7779:1988/EN 27779:1991 (Typprüfung).  
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Sa fety  
GENERAL  
This product and related documentation must be reviewed for  
familiarization with safety markings and instructions before operation.  
This product has been designed and tested in accordance with IEC  
Publication 1010, "Safety Requirements for Electronic Measuring  
Apparatus," and has been supplied in a safe condition. This instruction  
documentation contains information and warnings which must be  
followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to maintain the  
product in a safe condition.  
SAFETY SYMBOLS  
Indicates instrument damage can occur if indicated operating limits are  
exceeded. Refer to the instructions in this guide.  
!
Indicates hazardous voltages.  
Indicates earth (ground) terminal  
WARNING  
CAUTION  
A WAR NING n ote d en otes a h a za r d . It ca lls a t ten tion t o a  
p r oce d u r e , p r a ctice, or th e lik e , w h ich , if n ot cor r e ct ly  
p e r for m ed or a d h e r e d t o, cou ld r esu lt in p er son a l in ju r y. Do n ot  
p r oce ed be yon d a WAR NING sign u n til t h e in d ica te d con d it ion s  
a r e fu lly u n d er stood a n d m et .  
A CAUTION note denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an operation  
procedure, practice, or the like, which, if not correctly performed or  
adhered to, could result in damage to or destruction of part or all of the  
product. Do not proceed beyond an CAUTION note until the indicated  
conditions are fully understood and met.  
Sa fet y Con sid er a tion s for t h is In st r u m en t  
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WARNING  
Th is p r od u ct is a Sa fety Cla ss I in str u m en t (p r ovid ed w ith a  
p r ot ective ea r t h in g gr ou n d in cor p or a t ed in t h e p ow er cor d ).  
Th e m a in s p lu g sh a ll on ly be in se r ted in a sock et ou tlet  
p r ovid ed w it h a p r otective e a r t h con ta ct. An y in ter r u p tion of  
t h e p r ot ective con d u ct or in sid e or ou tsid e of th e p r od u ct is  
lik ely to m a k e th e p r od u ct d a n ge r ou s. In ten tion a l in ter r u p tion  
is p r oh ib ite d .  
!
Do n ot exp ose t o or op e r a t e th is in str u m e n t in ou t d oor  
a t m osp h er ic con d ition s su ch a s d ir ect r a in , h a il, slee t, sn ow ,  
icin g, su n sh in e or w in d . Op er a te t h is in st r u m en t on ly w ith in it s  
sp ecified tem p er a t u r e h u m id ity con d it ion s.  
!
Th is in st r u m en t is e qu ip p ed w ith in te r n a l gr ou n d fa u lt cir cu it  
in ter r u p ter cla ss A.  
!
•
•
•
Th is d e vice d oe s n ot p r ot ect a ga in st ele ctr ica l sh ock d u e t o  
con ta ct w it h b oth cir cu it con d u ct or s or a fa u lt in su p p ly  
w ir in g t o p r od u ct.  
Do n ot u se e xten sion cor d t o con n e ct t h is p r od u ct to p ow er  
r e cep t a cle. Att en t ion -n e p a s u t ilise r d e r a llon ge p ou r  
r a ccor d er le d et ecteu r -d isjon cte u r a la p r ise d e cou r a n t.  
R ep la ce cor d set on ly w it h H P 8120 ser ies. At ten tion -  
R em p la ce r u n iq u em e n t p a r u n cor d on a m ovib le n u m er o  
8120.  
• Do n ot u se in w et loca tion . Ne p a s u t iliser d a n s u n  
e m p la cem en t m ou ille .  
WARNING  
Wh e n eve r it is lik ely t h a t t h e p r ote ct ion h a s b een im p a ir e d , t h e  
in st r u m en t m u st be m a d e in op er a tive a n d be secu r ed a ga in st  
a n y u n in t en d ed op er a tion .  
If th is in str u m e n t is to be en er gized via a n a u t otr a n sfor m er (for  
volt a ge r e d u ct ion ), m a k e su r e th e com m on t er m in a l is  
con n e ct ed t o t h e ea r t h te r m in a l of t h e p ow er sou r ce .  
If t h is p r od u ct is n ot u sed a s sp e cified , th e p r ot ect ion p r ovid e d  
b y t h e eq u ip m en t cou ld b e im p a ir ed . Th is p r od u ct m u st be u se d  
in a n or m a l con d it ion (in w h ich a ll m ea n s for p r ote ct ion a r e  
in ta ct ) on ly.  
No op e r a t or ser vice a ble p a r t s in t h is p r od u ct . R efer ser vicin g to  
q u a lified p er son n el. To p r even t electr ica l sh ock , d o n ot r e m ove  
cover s.  
Ser vicin g in st r u ct ion s a r e for u se b y q u a lified p e r son n el on ly.  
To a void ele ct r ica l sh ock , d o n ot p er for m a n y ser vicin g u n less  
you a r e q u a lified t o d o so.  
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Th e op en in g of cover s or r em ova l of p a r ts is lik ely t o e xp ose  
d a n ger ou s volta ges. Discon n ect th e p r od u ct fr om a ll volta ge  
sou r ces w h ile it is b ein g op e n ed .  
Ad ju st m en ts d e scr ibed in th e m a n u a l a r e p e r for m ed w it h  
p ow er su p p lied to th e in str u m en t w h ile p r ote ct ive cover s a r e  
r e m oved . E n er gy a va ila ble a t m a n y p oin ts m a y, if con ta ct ed ,  
r e su lt in p er son a l in ju r y.  
Th e p ow e r cor d is con n e cte d t o in ter n a l ca p a citor s t h a t m y  
r e m a in live for 5 secon d s a ft er d iscon n ect in g th e p lu g fr om its  
p ow er su p p ly.  
F or Con t in u e d p r ot ect ion a ga in st fir e h a za r d , r ep la ce t h e lin e  
fu se(s) on ly w it h 250 V fu se(s) or th e sa m e cu r r en t r a t in g a n d  
typ e (for exa m p le, n or m a l b low or t im e d ela y). Do n ot u se  
r e p a ir ed fu ses or sh or t cir cu it ed fu seh old e r s. F USE : T 5.0A  
CAUTION  
Always use the three-prong ac power cord supplied with this product.  
Failure to ensure adequate earth grounding by not using this cord may  
cause personal injury and/or product damage.  
This product is designed for use in Installation Category II and  
Pollution Degree 2 per IEC 1010 and IEC 664 respectively. For indoor  
use only.  
This product has autoranging line voltage input, be sure the supply  
voltage is within the specified range.  
Ventilation Requirements: When installing the product in a cabinet,  
the convection into and out of the product must not be restricted. The  
ambient temperature (outside the cabinet) must be less than the  
maximum operating temperature of the product by 4° C for every 100  
watts dissipated in the cabinet. If the total power dissipated in the  
cabinet is greater than 800 watts, then forced convection must be used.  
To prevent electrical shock, disconnect instrument from mains (line)  
before cleaning. Use a dry cloth or one slightly dampened with water to  
clean the external case parts. Do not attempt to clean internally.  
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Product Markings  
CE - the CE mark is a registered trademark of the European  
Community. A CE mark accompanied by a year indicated the year the  
design was proven.  
CSA - the CSA mark is a registered trademark of the Canadian  
Standards Association.  
CE R TIF ICATION  
Hewlett-Packard Company certifies that this product met its published  
specifications at the time of shipment from the factory.  
Hewlett-Packard further certifies that its calibration measurements  
are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and  
Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institute’s calibration facility,  
and to the calibration facilities of other International Standards  
Organization members.  
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Wa r r a n t y  
This Hewlett-Packard instrument product is warranted against defects  
in material and workmanship for a period of one year from date of  
shipment. During the warranty period, Hewlett-Packard Company will  
at its option, either repair or replace products which prove to be  
defective.  
For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a  
service facility designated by HP. Buyer shall prepay shipping charges  
to HP and HP shall pay shipping charges, duties, and taxes for products  
returned to HP from another country.  
HP warrants that its software and firmware designated by HP for use  
with an instrument will execute its programming instructions when  
properly installed on that instrument. HP does not warrant that the  
operation of the instrument, or software, or firmware will be  
uninterrupted or error free.  
LIMITATION OF WAR R ANTY  
The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from  
improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied  
software or interfacing, unauthorized modification or misuse, operation  
outside of the environmental specifications for the product, or improper  
site preparation or maintenance.  
NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. HP  
SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF  
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR  
PURPOSE.  
EXCLUSIVE R EME DIES  
THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND  
EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES. HP SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY  
DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR  
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER BASE ON CONTRACT,  
TORT, OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY.  
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ASSISTANCE  
Ma in t en a n ce Agr eem e n t s  
Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance  
agreements are available for Hewlett-Packard products. For any  
assistance, contact your nearest Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service  
Office.  
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R egion a l Sa les Offices  
IMPORTANT  
R egion a l Sa les a n d Ser vice Offices  
Eastern USA  
Sales Office  
Eastern USA  
Sales Office  
Midwestern USA  
Sales and Service  
Hewlett-Packard Company  
2101 Gather Rd.  
Hewlett-Packard Company  
2101 Gather Rd.  
Hewlett-Packard Company  
5201 Tollview Drive  
Rolling Meadows, IL 60008  
Tel: (708) 342-2000  
Rockville, MD 20850  
Tel: (301) 258-2000  
Rockville, MD 20850  
Tel: (301) 258-2000  
Southern USA  
Southern USA  
Western USA  
Sales and Service  
Hewlett-Packard Company  
1995 North Park Place  
Atlanta, GA 30339  
Sales  
Service Center  
Service Center  
Hewlett-Packard Company  
930 E. Campbell Road  
Richardson, TX 75081  
Tel: (214) 699-4331  
Hewlett-Packard Company  
301 E. Evelyn Avenue  
Mountain View, CA 94041  
Tel: (415) 694-2000  
Fax: (415) 694-0601  
Tel: (404) 955-1500  
Fax: (404) 980-7292  
Service  
Tel: (404) 850-2544  
Fax: (404) 980-7292  
Western USA  
Western USA  
United States of America  
Customer Information Center  
Hewlett-Packard Company  
Tel: (800) 752-0900  
Sales and Service  
Hewlett-Packard Company  
24 Inverness Place East  
Englewood, CO 80112  
Sales  
Sales and Service  
Hewlett-Packard Company  
1421 South Manhattan Avenue  
Fullerton, CA 92631  
Sales  
6:00 am to 5:00 pm Pacific Time  
Parts Direct: 1-800-227-8164  
Tel: (303) 649-5000  
Fax: (303) 649-5787  
Service  
Tel: (714) 999-6700  
Fax: (714) 778-3033  
Service  
Tel: (303) 649-5512  
Fax: (303) 649-5787  
Tel: (714) 758-5490  
Fax: (714) 778-3033  
South Eastern Europe  
Sales and Service  
European Multicountry Region  
Sales and Service  
Northern Europe  
Sales and Service  
Hewlett-Packard Ges. m.b.h.  
Liebigasse 1  
Hewlett-Packard S.A.  
P.O. Box 95  
Hewlett-Packard Nederland B.V.  
Startbaan 16  
P.O. Box 72  
150, Route dv Nant_dl_AVRIL  
CH-1217 Meyrin 2  
1187 XR  
A-1222 Vienna, Austria  
Telephone: 43 222 2500 0  
Telex: 13 4425  
Amstelveen, The Netherlands  
P.O. Box 667  
Geneva, Switzerland  
Telephone: (41/22) 780-8111  
Fax: (41/22) 780-8542  
Telephone: 31/20 5476911 X 6631  
Fax: 31-20-6471825NL  
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Asia  
J apan  
International Sales Branch  
Headquarters  
Sales and Service  
Hewlett-Packard Asia Ltd.  
22-30/F Peregrine Tower  
Lippo Center  
Sales and Service  
Sales and Service  
Hewlett-Packard S.A.  
39 Rue Veyrot  
Yokogawa-Hewlett-Packard Ltd.  
3-29-21, Takaido-Higashi  
Suginami-Ku, Tokyo 168  
Telephone: 81 3 3331-6111  
Fax: 81 3 3331-6631  
P.O. Box 365  
89 Queensway, Central  
Hong Kong  
1217 Meyrin 1  
Geneva, Switzerland  
Telephone: 41-22-780-4111  
Fax: 41-22-780-4770  
G.P.O. Box 863 Hong Kong  
Telephone: 852-848-7777  
Fax: 852-868-4997  
Australia, New Zealand  
Sales and Service  
Canada  
Canada  
Sales and Service  
Service Center  
Hewlett-Packard Ltd.  
P.O. Box 221  
Hewlett-Packard (Canada) Ltd.  
5150 Spectrum Way  
Mississauga, Ontario L4W 5G1  
Canada  
Hewlett-Packard Company  
17500 Transcanada Highway  
S. Serv Road  
31-41 J oseph Street  
Blackburn, Victoria 3130  
Telephone: (61/3) 895-2895  
Fax: (61/3) 898-9257  
Kirkland, Quebec H9J 2X8  
Canada  
Telephone: (416) 206-4725  
Fax: (416) 206-4739  
Telephone: (416) 206-3295  
Canada  
Latin America  
United Kingdom  
Sales and Service  
Hewlett-Packard Ltd.  
Cain Road  
Service Center  
Hewlett-Packard Company  
LAHQ Mexico City  
Col. Lomas de Virreyes  
11000 Mexico D.F.  
Mexico  
Hewlett-Packard Ltd.  
11120 178 Street  
Edmonton, Alberta T5S 1P2  
Canada  
Amen Corner  
Bracknell, Berkshire  
RG12 1HN  
Telephone: (403) 486-6666  
Fax: (403) 489-8764  
Telephone: (52/5) 326-4000  
Fax: (52/5) 202 7718  
United Kingdom  
Telephone: 44 344 360000  
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Con t en t s  
In Th is Ma n u a l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15  
1. Get t in g St a r t ed w ith AMP S Test  
About the Test Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18  
Product Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18  
Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18  
Getting Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19  
What’s Included with this Test Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20  
Manual and Automatic Operation Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21  
IBASIC programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21  
Maximizing the Accuracy of Your Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22  
Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22  
TX Power Temperature Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22  
Display an FM Carrier Signal (Loopback Test) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23  
Connections for FM Carrier Loopback Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23  
Get Started with the Test Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24  
Preparing the Test Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24  
Generate an FM Carrier Signal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24  
Analyzing an FM Carrier Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26  
What to Do Next . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27  
2. Test in g AMP S Ba se Sta tion s  
AMPS Tests You Can Perform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30  
What You Need to Know to Begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31  
Connecting the Test Set to Your Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32  
Compensating for Signal Losses and Gains in the Test Setup . . . . . . 33  
Transmitter Frequency Error/Offset and Power Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34  
Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34  
Begin Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34  
Transmitter SAT Frequency and Deviation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36  
Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36  
Test Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36  
Transmitter Data Deviation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38  
Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38  
Test Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38  
Transmitter Maximum Voice Deviation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40  
Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40  
Test Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40  
Receiver Sensitivity (SINAD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42  
Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42  
Test Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42  
Receiver Squelch Threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45  
Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45  
Test Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45  
3. Ut ilit y P r oced u r es  
Beeper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50  
Beeper Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50  
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Con ten t s  
Measuring Insertion Losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51  
Memory Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52  
Memory Cards and Intialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52  
Oscilloscope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53  
Selecting the Oscilloscope’s Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54  
Selecting the Oscilloscope’s Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54  
Triggering the Oscilloscope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55  
Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56  
Online Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57  
Help Screen Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57  
Ports: HP-IB, Serial and Parallel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58  
HP-IB Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58  
Serial Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58  
Parallel Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60  
Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61  
Configuring the Test Set for Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61  
Printing a Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61  
Measuring Swept Return Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62  
Tracking Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65  
Using the Tracking Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65  
User Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66  
Displaying the Pre-assigned Local User Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66  
Assigning a Local User Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66  
Assigning a Global User Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67  
To Release a User Key Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67  
Using Channel Numbers to Set Analyzer and Generator Frequencies 68  
RF Chan and Tune Freq Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69  
Voltmeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70  
Measuring AC Level and DC Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70  
14  
Main Menu  
In Th is Ma n u a l  
Wh a t is Discu ssed Th is Ma n u a l  
This manual explains how to use the HP 8935 to manually test an  
AMPS base station.  
This document presents a step-by-step approach to AMPS base station  
testing using the Test Set, including what you need to know before you  
can start testing.  
Wh a t is Not Discu ssed in th is Ma n u a l  
•
General operation of the Test Set.  
Changing display screens and their associated controls is discussed  
in the Reference Guide (HP part number E6380-90019).  
•
Detailed operation of the Test Set’s spectrum analyzer and  
oscilloscope.  
Although there are basic explanations in this manual, more detail is  
provided in the Reference Guide concerning the various control  
menus and fields available.  
•
•
How to control your base station, switch system, or any other  
software or hardware associated with your cell site equipment.  
Each manufacturer and cellular service provider has their own cell  
site control and base station configuration procedures that go beyond  
the scope of this documentation.  
How to perform IBASIC programming operations, such as writing,  
editing, copying, or cataloguing programs.  
Programming the Test Set is explained in the Progra mming Ma nual  
(HP part number E6380-90018), and the IBASIC language is  
explained in the HP Instrument BASIC User’s Handbook (HP part  
number E2083-90005).  
Con ven tion s Used in Th is Ma n u a l  
The following conventions are used throughout this manual to help  
clarify instructions and reduce unnecessary text:  
Te st Set refers to the HP 8935.  
Test Set keys are indicated like this: Preset  
Test Set screen information, such as a measurement result or an error  
message, is shown like this: TX Power 7.21 W  
15  
Main Menu  
Which Document is The following documents are part of the HP 8935 document set. Use the  
Required?  
table to help you decide which document you need.  
Ta b le 1  
Docu m en t Na viga t ion  
Docu m en t  
P a r t Nu m b er  
Usa ge  
CDMA Application  
Guide  
E6380-90016  
Use this manual for basic CDMA measurements  
and for getting started with the Test Set.  
AMPS Application Guide E6380-90017  
Use this manual for making AMPS base station  
measurements.  
Reference Guide  
E6380-90019  
Use this manual for screen and field descriptions  
and general operation information about the Test  
Set.  
Programmer’s Guide  
E6380-90018  
E6380-90015  
Use this manual to learn HP-IB syntax and for  
learning how to program the Test Set.  
Assembly Level Repair  
Guide  
Use this manual to perform calibration on the  
Test Set and for general service information.  
16  
Main Menu  
1
Get tin g Sta r t ed w it h AMP S Test  
This chapter introduces you to the HP 8935 CDMA Cellular/PCS Base  
Station Test Set and its AMPS functions. For information on other  
functions in the Test Set, see “Which Document is Required?” on page  
18. To proceed immediately to the test procedures, see “AMPS Tests  
You Can Perform” on page 30.  
17  
Main Menu  
Getting Started with AMPS Test  
About the Test Set  
Ab ou t th e Test Set  
P r od u ct Descr ip t ion  
This Test Set helps you install, commission, and maintain AMPS base  
stations. It also allows you to test CDMA base stations. (This guide  
discusses AMPS testing. For more information about CDMA testing,  
refer to the CDMA Base Station Tests Applications Guide.)  
The Test Set contains an RF signal generator, RF analyzer, AF  
analyzer, and AF generator to test AMPS base stations. The following  
tools are also included:  
Code Domain Analyzer  
CDMA Analyzer  
CDMA Generator  
Spectrum Analyzer  
Power Meter  
Oscilloscope  
AC/DC Voltmeter  
IBASIC controller  
Ba t ter ies  
There are two methods the Test Set uses to back up its RAM. One is a  
set of two AA batteries mounted inside the rear panel of the Test Set.  
You must periodically change these batteries. The second method of  
RAM backup is an internal battery. It is not user serviceable.  
Failure to take prompt action may result in loss of RAM data including  
IBASIC programs and SAVE/RECALL states stored in the RAM.  
To change the AA batteries, use the following procedure:  
1. Turn off power and unplug the Test Set.  
2. Remove the six screws in the rear panel using a TX-15 TORX(R)  
screwdriver.  
3. Remove the rear cover.  
4. Replace the AA batteries. Do not use rechargeable batteries.  
5. Replace the rear panel.  
18  
Chapter1  
Main Menu  
Getting Started with AMPS Test  
About the Test Set  
Get t in g H elp  
If you have problems using this Test Set, and cannot find the solution in  
these documents or the help screens, please use one of the following  
contacts:  
Your local or regional sales office (see "Regional Sales and Service  
Offices" on page 12)  
U.S. Call Center: 800 542-4844  
Korea HP Direct: (82/2) 769-0800  
Canada HP Direct: (800) 387-3154  
European Call center: +31 20 547-9990  
Test and Measurement Organization on the web:  
http://www.tmo.hp.com/  
Chapter 1  
19  
Main Menu  
Getting Started with AMPS Test  
About the Test Set  
Wh a t ’s In clu d ed w it h t h is Test Set  
The equipment commonly shipped with the base Test Set is listed  
below. Options that you order with your Test Set may change this list.  
Test Set  
Documentation:  
•
•
CDMA Applications Guide  
CD-ROM with the above listed manual, AMPS Ba se Sta tion Tests  
Applica tions Guide, Assembly Level Repair Manual,  
Progra mmer’s Guide, and HP 8935 Reference Guide in Adobe™  
Acrobat Reader format (.pdf).  
Power cord  
Cover for the front panel of the Test Set  
20  
Chapter1  
Main Menu  
Getting Started with AMPS Test  
Manual and Automatic Operation Modes  
Ma n u a l a n d Au tom a tic Op er a tion Mod es  
You can operate the Test Set in either of two modes: manual or  
automatic. Controlling the Test Set with the keypad is manual  
operation. Controlling the Test Set with a program is automatic  
Operation.  
Use manual mode when you want to control the Test Set with the front  
panel. Manual operation is described in this document.  
Use automatic mode when you want to control the Test Set with its  
internal IBASIC controller. To use the Test Set in automatic mode, you  
must load an IBASIC program into the Test Set’s memory.  
IBASIC p r ogr a m s  
You can obtain an IBASIC program in two ways: either write it  
yourself, or purchase a software package from Hewlett-Packard. To  
write programs yourself, refer to the Progra mmer’s Guide, included  
with the Test Set’s documentation.  
Many of HP’s software packages are manufacturer-specific packages.  
Manufacturer-specific software packages provide automated testing of  
the manufacturer’s base station to greatly reduce test times and  
provide test setup repeatability. Once configured, the software typically  
controls both the base station and the Test Set and prompts the user to  
make the required connections during testing. Test results can be  
printed and/or saved to a file for later use. Contact your local HP Sales  
Office to find out which software packages are currently available.  
Chapter 1  
21  
Main Menu  
Getting Started with AMPS Test  
Maximizing the Accuracy of Your Measurements  
Ma xim izin g t h e Accu r a cy of You r Mea su r em en ts  
This Test Set is designed to make highly accurate measurements.  
However, to ensure that you have the most accurate measurements  
available, you can perform the following tasks:  
Ca lib r a t ion  
You should calibrate the Test Set whenever you change or add an  
internal assembly. You may want to calibrate when you upgrade  
firmware. See the Assembly Level Repair Ma nual for calibration  
procedures.  
TX P ow er Tem p er a t u r e Com p en sa tion  
The Test Set is internally compensated. However, power measurement  
calibration can be optimized for temperature changes using the  
TX Pwr Zerofield on the RF ANALYZER screen. The new calibration  
factors are stored in RAM until the next time the routine is used.  
To have the Test Set zero the TX Power measurement automatically  
when needed, set the Auto Zerofield on the RF ANALYZER screen to  
Auto. During operation, the Test Set will temporarily halt the TX  
Power measurement as it is calibrated. This can happen during a  
measurement. If interrupting the measurement is a problem for your  
test setup, set the Auto Zerofield to Manual, and select  
TX Pwr Zerowhenever you want to manually calibrate the  
measurement.  
22  
Chapter1  
Main Menu  
Getting Started with AMPS Test  
Display an FM Carrier Signal (Loopback Test)  
Disp la y a n F M Ca r r ier Sign a l (Loop b a ck Test)  
Since an AMPS base station is basically a continuous wave (CW) FM  
signal, this section will guide you through the process of generating and  
displaying an FM signal at a cellular band frequency. It is intended to  
make you feel more comfortable with using the Test Set. If you are  
ready to begin testing, proceed to Chapter 2.  
NOTE  
In the following operating example, you enter a common frequency for  
the RF generator and RF analyzer to create and view the Test Set’s own  
signal. However, typical AMPS base station testing uses channel  
assignments with different transmit and receive frequencies. This is  
explained further in "Using Channel Numbers to Set Analyzer and  
Generator Frequencies" on page 68.  
Con n ect ion s for F M Ca r r ier Loop b a ck Test  
Connect the Test Set in the following manner.  
F igu r e 1-1  
F M Ca r r ier Loop b a ck Test Con n e ct ion s  
BASEBAND OUT  
AUDIO OUT  
AUDIO IN  
P
P
A
A
R
R
A
A
L
L
L
L
E
E
L
L
P
P
O
O
R
R
T
T
S
S
S
E
E
E
R
R
R
I
I
I
A
A
A
P
P
P
O
O
O
R
R
R
T
T
T
HI  
LO  
I
Q
IN  
MODULATION  
INPUT  
AUDIO  
MONITOR  
OUTPUT  
EXT SCOPE  
TRIG IN  
VIDEO  
OUT  
16X  
SYNC IN  
EVEN  
SECOND  
CHIP CLOCK CHIP CLOCK  
RF IN/OUT  
ANT IN  
DUPLEX  
19.6608  
MHz OUT  
1.2288  
FRAME  
CLOCK  
TRIG/QUAL  
IN  
10 MHz  
REF OUT  
REF IN  
MHz OUT  
RF IN/OUT  
DUPLEX OUT  
Chapter 1  
23  
Main Menu  
 
Getting Started with AMPS Test  
Display an FM Carrier Signal (Loopback Test)  
Get St a r t ed w it h t h e Test Set  
Here are some guides for selecting screens and fields:  
Use the knob to move the cursor around the screen. Reverse video boxes  
indicate fields that can be selected.  
To select a field on the screen, push the knob, or press the Enter key.  
Use the RF Gen, RF Anl, and Spec Anl keys to access the RF GENERATOR,  
RF ANALYZER, and SPEC ANL screens.  
Selecting the titlebar at the top of the screen displays a list of screens  
that can be immediately accessed when selected.  
P r ep a r in g t h e Test Set  
1. Plug in the Test Set.  
2. Turn on the Test Set (or press Preset if it is already on). The CDMA  
ANALYZER screen will be displayed.  
3. Press the Inst Config key.  
4. Select RF Display, and set the field to Freq.  
5. Verify your connections. See “Connections for FM Carrier Loopback  
Test” on page 23.  
Gen er a te a n F M Ca r r ier Sign a l  
Refer to Figure 1-2.  
1. Press CDMA Gen to go to the CDMA GENERATOR screen.  
2. Select CW RF Pathand set it to Bypass. This shuts off the IQ  
modulation normally used for CDMA testing.  
3. Press the RF Gen key to go to the RF GENERATOR screen.  
4. Select RF Gen Freqand use the keypad to set the frequency to  
850.000 MHz.  
5. Select Amplitudeand set the amplitude to 0 dBm.  
6. Select Output Portand verify that the port is set to Dupl.  
7. Turn on FM modulation by positioning the cursor in the lower half of  
the AFGen1 Tofield and pressing the On/Off key.  
The default FM deviation is 2.9 kHz. The default FM rate is  
1.0 kHz.  
24  
Chapter1  
Main Menu  
Getting Started with AMPS Test  
Display an FM Carrier Signal (Loopback Test)  
NOTE  
AF generators 1 and 2 are automatically turned off anytime you access  
any of the CDMA screens (CDMA GENERATOR, CDMA ANALYZER,  
CODE DOM). This prevents accidental addition of AM or FM when  
generating a CDMA signal. If you accidentally access any of the CDMA  
screens when testing an AMPS base station, any AM or FM you  
specified on the RF GENERATOR screen will be turned off while on  
that CDMA screen. Previously set AM and/or FM are automatically  
turned back on when returning to the RF GENERATOR screen.  
F igu r e 1-2  
Set tin g Up t h e R F Gen er a t or  
850.000000  
Enter 850 MHz  
Enter 0 dBm  
Turn on FM  
0.0  
2.9  
kHz  
Select DUPLEX  
Chapter 1  
25  
Main Menu  
 
Getting Started with AMPS Test  
Display an FM Carrier Signal (Loopback Test)  
An a lyzin g a n F M Ca r r ier Sign a l  
1. Press the RF Anl key to go to the RF ANALYZER screen.  
2. Select Tune Freqand use the keypad to set the frequency to  
850.000 MHz. Notice that the Frequency Error, TX Power, FM  
Deviation, and AF Frequency for the signal are automatically  
displayed.  
F igu r e 1-3  
Defa u lt Digita l Mea su r em e n t s for t h e F M Ca r r ier  
3. Press the Spec Anl key to go to the SPECTRUM ANALYZER screen.  
4. The signal is displayed.  
5. Select Spanand set it to 30.000 kHzto get a good view of the  
modulated signal. See Figure 1-4.  
F igu r e 1-4  
F M Ca r r ie r Sign a l  
26  
Chapter1  
Main Menu  
 
Getting Started with AMPS Test  
Display an FM Carrier Signal (Loopback Test)  
Wh a t t o Do Next  
Congratulations! You are now ready to begin testing your AMPS Base  
Station. Proceed to Chapter 2, “Testing AMPS Base Stations,” on page  
29.  
Chapter 1  
27  
Main Menu  
Getting Started with AMPS Test  
Display an FM Carrier Signal (Loopback Test)  
28  
Chapter1  
Main Menu  
2
Testin g AMP S Ba se St a tion s  
Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) base stations for cellular telephone  
systems are basically continuous wave (CW) FM voice transceivers with some  
control and data signals for system operation. This chapter explains how to use  
the Test Set to manually test the RF and AF performance of the transmitter  
and receiver portions of the base station.  
29  
Main Menu  
Testing AMPS Base Stations  
AMPS Tests You Can Perform  
AMP S Tests You Ca n P er for m  
The following tests are explained in this manual:  
•
•
•
•
•
•
"Transmitter Frequency Error/Offset and Power Test" on page 34.  
"Transmitter SAT Frequency and Deviation" on page 36.  
"Transmitter Data Deviation" on page 38.  
"Transmitter Maximum Voice Deviation" on page 40.  
"Receiver Sensitivity (SINAD)" on page 42.  
"Receiver Squelch Threshold" on page 45.  
CAUTION  
Transmitter power (TX Power) can only be measured through the Test  
Set’s RF IN/OUT port. Verify that the signal connected to this port does  
not exceed the limits printed by the port.  
If you hear a loud “warbling” sound from the Test Set, turn off your  
transmitter immediately! This is the over-power alarm, warning that  
instrument damage may occur. Caution: Turning the Test Set off at this  
point does not protect the internal circuitry. Also, removing the cable  
from the RF IN/OUT port without turning the transmitter off may  
damage your transmitter or power amplifier (due to an impedance  
mismatch).  
The ANT IN port is only used for analyzing very low level signals  
(≤60 mW). Never attempt to measure a transmitter’s power directly  
using the ANT IN port, as instrument damage may occur.  
The DUPLEX OUT port is only used to provide RF signals to the base  
station’s receive port(s). It must not be connected to the base stations  
transmit port or damage may occur to the Test Set.  
30  
Chapter2  
Main Menu  
Testing AMPS Base Stations  
What You Need to Know to Begin  
Wh a t You Need to Kn ow to Begin  
You need to know how to control the base station and the basic  
operation of the Test Set before you can test your base station.  
Test Set operation includes how to change control settings, how to  
navigate between control screens, and how to change the units used for  
any measurement or setting. Test Set operation and feature  
descriptions are included in the Reference Guide.  
Base station operation includes turning the transmitter on and off,  
turning the SAT tone and data signals on and off, and knowing where  
to connect test cables from the Test Set to your base station.  
You also need to properly configure the Test Set for your test situation.  
The following sections describe operations needed to simplify Test Set  
operation and minimize measurement errors.  
•
Entering the known losses and/or gains in your test setup is  
explained in "Compensating for Signal Losses and Gains in the Test  
Setup" on page 33.  
•
•
Measuring the signal loss through cables and other devices is  
explained in "Measuring Insertion Losses" on page 51.  
Choosing to enter your base station’s transmit and receive  
frequencies by channel number or by discrete frequencies is  
explained in "Using Channel Numbers to Set Analyzer and  
Generator Frequencies" on page 68.  
Chapter 2  
31  
Main Menu  
Testing AMPS Base Stations  
Connecting the Test Set to Your Base Station  
Con n ectin g th e Test Set to You r Ba se Sta t ion  
The connections shown in Figure 2-1 indicate a “generic” base station  
using a test interface for audio test signals and a laptop computer  
running a control program to control the base station. A power splitter  
is used for testing the receiver ports. Although this is a common setup  
for performing tests, audio and RF connections to base stations and the  
ways base stations are controlled vary among manufacturers.  
F igu r e 2-1  
Con n ect ion s Be tw ee n th e Test Se t a n d th e Ba se St a tion  
Audio  
Out  
Audio  
In  
P
A
R
A
L
L
E
L
P
O
R
T
RF IN/OUT Port  
(High Power RF Input)  
DUPLEX OUT  
(RF Gen Out)  
ANT IN  
(≤60mW)  
s
AMP S BASE STATION  
Receive A  
Receive B  
Power  
Splitter  
TX Mod  
RX Audio  
Audio Test Signal  
breakout port.  
Au d io Sign a l  
Test In te r fa ce  
Local Control  
Port  
La p t op R u n n in g Con t r ol P r ogr a m  
TX  
32  
Chapter2  
Main Menu  
 
Testing AMPS Base Stations  
Compensating for Signal Losses and Gains in the Test Setup  
Com p en sa t in g for Sign a l Losses a n d Ga in s in t h e Test  
Setu p  
Signal losses or gains through cables, splitters, combiners, connectors,  
amplifiers, or coaxial switches must be accounted for to ensure  
measurement accuracy. These values are entered in the INSTRUMENT  
CONFIGURE screen (press the Inst Config key).  
Refer to "Measuring Insertion Losses" on page 51 for information about  
measuring cable/system losses.  
•
Total losses/gains between the transmitter’s output and the Test  
Set’s RF IN/OUT port are entered in the RF In/Outfield. A  
negative number (indicating a loss) causes the displayed TX power  
measurement to be increased by the entered amount. A positive  
number (indicating a gain) causes the RF analyzer to decrease the  
displayed TX power measurement by the entered amount.  
•
Total losses between the Test Set’s DUPLEX OUT port and the base  
station’s receive port(s) are entered in the Duplex Outfield as a  
negative number (such as −1.2). The RF Generator will  
automatically increase its level out of the DUPLEX OUT port by the  
value entered to compensate for the loss.  
F igu r e 2-2  
E n t er in g Test System Losses a n d Ga in s  
Set the RF Level Offset  
field to On.  
On/Off  
LS AMPS  
Enter the loss or gain  
between each port and the  
base station.  
Chapter 2  
33  
Main Menu  
 
Testing AMPS Base Stations  
Transmitter Frequency Error/Offset and Power Test  
Tr a n sm itt er F r eq u en cy E r r or /Offset a n d P ow er Test  
This test compares the measured center frequency of the base station to  
the AMPS channel standard. The resulting difference is the frequency  
error (also called the frequency offset). The measurement can be  
displayed in frequency units (Hz, kHz, MHz) or in parts per million  
(ppm). Measurements are made with all modulation turned off.  
The transmitter’s power can be measured any time the transmitter is  
keyed, but may not be accurate unless all modulation is turned off.  
Transmitter power may be specified by the manufacturer in units of  
watts (W), milliwatts (mW), dBm, Volts (V), or millivolts (mV).  
P r er eq u isites  
The following conditions must be met before testing:  
❒ The Test Set is turned on and Preset was pressed to esta blish a  
known instrument state.  
❒ You have configured the Test Set for channel or frequency tuning as  
necessary (see “Usin g Ch a n n el Nu m be r s to Set An a lyzer a n d  
Ge n er a t or F r eq u en cies” on p a ge 68).  
❒ You have specified any gains or losses in your test system (see  
“Com p e n sa tin g for Sign a l Losses a n d Ga in s in th e Test  
Set u p ” on p a ge 33).  
Begin Testin g  
1. Turn off the ba se sta tion’s RF transmitter. A transmitter can be  
damaged if it is not transmitting into a specified load, such as an  
antenna, power amplifier, duplexer, or power meter with a 50Ω  
input impedance.  
2. Verify that the transmitter’s rated RF power (or the level out of the  
power amplifier if applicable) does not exceed the level printed next  
to the Test Set’s RF IN/OUT connector.  
3. Connect the transmitter’s RF output to the Test Set’s RF IN/OUT  
port.  
4. Turn off any modulation signals to the base station.  
•
•
•
Turn off the SAT tone.  
Turn off any data (digital) modulation signals.  
Turn off any audio (voice) modulation signals.  
5. Press the RF Anl key to access the RF ANALYZER screen.  
6. Enter the transmitter’s RF Channelnumber.  
34  
Chapter2  
Main Menu  
 
Testing AMPS Base Stations  
Transmitter Frequency Error/Offset and Power Test  
7. Turn on the transmitter. The TX Freq Errorand TX Power  
measurements are displayed.  
Note: Disregard any values shown for FM Deviation and AF Freq at  
this time.  
F igu r e 2-3  
Tr a n sm it te r F r eq u en cy E r r or a n d P ow er Te st R esu lts  
Chapter 2  
35  
Main Menu  
Testing AMPS Base Stations  
Transmitter SAT Frequency and Deviation  
Tr a n sm itt er SAT F r eq u en cy a n d Devia tion  
This test measures the transmitter’s Supervisory Audio Tone (SAT)  
frequency and deviation in the absence of any other modulating signal.  
P r er eq u isites  
The following conditions must be met before testing:  
❏ The Test Set is turned on and Preset was pressed to esta blish a  
known instrument state.  
❒ You have configured the Test Set for channel tuning (see “Usin g  
Ch a n n el Nu m be r s to Set An a lyzer a n d Ge n er a t or  
F r eq u e n cie s” on p a ge 68).  
❒ You have specified any gains or losses in your test system (see  
“Com p e n sa tin g for Sign a l Losses a n d Ga in s in th e Test  
Set u p ” on p a ge 33).  
Test P r oced u r e  
1. Turn off the ba se sta tion’s RF transmitter. A transmitter can be  
damaged if it is not transmitting into a specified load, such as an  
antenna, power amplifier, duplexer, or power meter with a 50Ω  
input impedance.  
2. Verify that the transmitter’s rated RF power (or the level out of the  
power amplifier if applicable) does not exceed the level printed next  
to the Test Set’s RF IN/OUT connector.  
3. Connect the transmitter’s RF output to the Test Set’s RF IN/OUT  
port.  
4. Turn off the voice modulation to the transmitter.  
5. Turn off data modulation to the transmitter.  
6. Enable SAT transmission.  
7. Press Shift, RF Anl (AF Anl) to access the AF ANALYZER screen.  
36  
Chapter2  
Main Menu  
 
Testing AMPS Base Stations  
Transmitter SAT Frequency and Deviation  
8. Set the Filter 2field to 6 kHz BPF. This helps remove unwanted  
noise.  
6kHz BPF  
9. Press the RF Anl key to access the RF ANALYZER screen.  
10.Enter the transmitter’s channel number in the RF Channelfield.  
11.Turn on the transmitter. The FM Deviationand AF Freqfor the  
SAT are displayed (as well as Frequency Error and TX Power).  
F igu r e 2-4  
SAT F r eq u e n cy a n d Devia t ion Test R e su lts  
SAT Deviation  
SAT Frequency  
Chapter 2  
37  
Main Menu  
Testing AMPS Base Stations  
Transmitter Data Deviation  
Tr a n sm itt er Da t a Devia tion  
This test measures the transmitter’s digital data deviation in the  
absence of any other modulating signal.  
P r er eq u isites  
The following conditions must be met before testing:  
❒ The Test Set is turned on and Preset was pressed to esta blish a  
known instrument state.  
❒ You have configured the Test Set for channel tuning (see “Usin g  
Ch a n n el Nu m be r s to Set An a lyzer a n d Ge n er a t or  
F r eq u e n cie s” on p a ge 68).  
❒ You have specified any gains or losses in your test system (see  
“Com p e n sa tin g for Sign a l Losses a n d Ga in s in th e Test  
Set u p ” on p a ge 33).  
Test P r oced u r e  
1. Turn off the ba se sta tion’s RF transmitter. A transmitter can be  
damaged if it is not transmitting into a specified load, such as an  
antenna, power amplifier, duplexer, or power meter with a 50Ω  
input impedance.  
2. Verify that the transmitter’s rated RF power (or the level out of the  
power amplifier if applicable) does not exceed the level indicated  
next to the Test Set’s RF IN/OUT connector.  
3. Connect the transmitter’s RF output to the Test Set’s RF IN/OUT  
connector.  
4. Turn off voice modulation to the transmitter.  
5. Turn off the SAT to the transmitter.  
6. Turn on the data modulation to the transmitter.  
7. Press Shift, RF Anl (AF Anl) to access the AF ANALYZER screen.  
38  
Chapter2  
Main Menu  
 
Testing AMPS Base Stations  
Transmitter Data Deviation  
8. Set Filter 1to <20Hz HPF.  
9. Set Filter 2to >99kHz LP.  
<20Hz HPF  
>99kHz LPF  
10.Press the RF Anl key to access the RF ANALYZER screen.  
11.Enter the transmitter’s channel number in the RF Channelfield.  
12. Turn on the transmitter. The FM Deviationfrom the data is  
displayed.  
F igu r e 2-5  
Da t a Devia tion Te st R esu lts  
Data Deviation  
Chapter 2  
39  
Main Menu  
Testing AMPS Base Stations  
Transmitter Maximum Voice Deviation  
Tr a n sm itt er Ma xim u m Voice Devia tion  
This test measures the transmitter’s maximum FM Deviation by a voice  
signal in the absence of any other modulation signal.  
P r er eq u isites  
The following conditions must be met before testing:  
❒ The Test Set is turned on and Preset was pressed to esta blish a  
known instrument state.  
❒ You have configured the Test Set for channel tuning (see “Usin g  
Ch a n n el Nu m be r s to Set An a lyzer a n d Ge n er a t or  
F r eq u e n cie s” on p a ge 68).  
❒ You have specified any gains or losses in your test system (see  
“Com p e n sa tin g for Sign a l Losses a n d Ga in s in th e Test  
Set u p ” on p a ge 33).  
Test P r oced u r e  
1. Turn off the ba se sta tion’s RF transmitter. A transmitter can be  
damaged if it is not transmitting into a specified load, such as an  
antenna, power amplifier, duplexer, or power meter with a 50Ω  
input impedance.  
2. Verify that the transmitter’s rated RF power (or the level out of the  
power amplifier if applicable) does not exceed the level indicated  
next to the Test Set’s RF IN/OUT connector.  
3. Connect the transmitter’s RF output to the Test Set’s RF IN/OUT  
port.  
4. Connect the transmitter’s audio modulation (voice) input to the Test  
Set’s AUDIO OUT port.  
5. Enable the transmitter’s audio (speech) modulation.  
6. Turn off any modulation signals to the base station other than audio.  
7. Press the RF Anl key to access the RF ANALYZER screen.  
8. Enter the transmitter’s channel number in the RF Channelfield.  
40  
Chapter2  
Main Menu  
 
Testing AMPS Base Stations  
Transmitter Maximum Voice Deviation  
9. Press the RF Gen key to access the RF GENERATOR screen.  
10. Set the AFGen1 Tofield to Audio Out, and a level of 50 mV.  
Audio Out  
Initially 50 mV  
11. With the cursor still positioned in front of the level setting  
(50 mV), press the Incr Set key and enter 20 dB using the keypad.  
12. Turn on the transmitter.  
13. With the cursor still positioned in front of the level setting (50 mV)  
press the up-arrow key once to increment the level by 20 dB.  
14.Read the FM deviation.  
15.Vary the AFGen1 Freqfrom 300 Hz to 3 kHz and observe the FM  
deviation at each frequency. Deviation must not exceed the rated  
system specification of ±12 kHz at any time.  
Watch the  
FM Deviation  
while...  
...changing  
Increment  
the AFGen1  
AFGen1  
Freq from  
level by  
300 Hz to  
3 kHz.  
20 dB.  
16.Disconnect the cable to the transmitter’s audio modulation input  
(connected in step 4) to reduce the chance of errors in your next  
transmitter test.  
Chapter 2  
41  
Main Menu  
Testing AMPS Base Stations  
Receiver Sensitivity (SINAD)  
R eceiver Sen sitivity (SINAD)  
This test measures the receiver’s ability to demodulate voice signals  
from very low RF carrier levels.  
P r er eq u isites  
The following conditions must be met before testing:  
❒ The Test Set is turned on and Preset was pressed to esta blish a  
known instrument state.  
❒ You have configured the Test Set for channel tuning (see “Usin g  
Ch a n n el Nu m be r s to Set An a lyzer a n d Ge n er a t or  
F r eq u e n cie s” on p a ge 68).  
❒ You have specified any gains or losses in your test system (see  
“Com p e n sa tin g for Sign a l Losses a n d Ga in s in th e Test  
Set u p ” on p a ge 33).  
Test P r oced u r e  
1. Turn off the base station’s transmitter.  
2. Turn the base station’s radio squelch, data, and SAT off.  
3. Connect the base station receiver’s inputs to the Test Set’s DUPLEX  
OUT port.  
4. Connect the receiver’s audio output to the Test Set’s AUDIO IN  
port(s). Unless the receiver’s audio out amplifier is not referenced to  
chassis ground, you should only connect to the AUDIO IN - HI port.  
For floating output amplifiers, see the HP 8935 Reference Manual  
for information on using the AUDIO IN - LO connection.  
5. Press CDMA Gen to access the CDMA GENERATOR screen.  
42  
Chapter2  
Main Menu  
 
Testing AMPS Base Stations  
Receiver Sensitivity (SINAD)  
6. Set the CW RF Pathfield to Bypass. This turns off the IQ  
modulation used for CDMA tests.  
Bypass/IQ  
Set to Bypass.  
7. Press SHIFT, RFAnl (AF Anl) to access the AF ANALYZER screen.  
8. Set the AF Anl Infield to Audio In.  
9. Set the Filter 1field to C Message.  
Set to Au d io In .  
Audio In  
Set to C Messa ge.  
C Message  
10. Press the RF Gen key to access the RF GENERATOR screen.  
11. Change the lower audio measurement to SINAD. This is done by  
selecting the existing measurement and choosing SINAD from a list  
of choices.  
12. Set the AFGen1 Tofield to FM and turn it on (2.9 kHz) using the  
On/Off key.  
13. Enter the transmitter’s channel number in the RF Channelfield.  
Chapter 2  
43  
Main Menu  
Testing AMPS Base Stations  
Receiver Sensitivity (SINAD)  
14. Set an initial RF generator level in the Amplitudefield. This value  
depends on the sensitivity of the receiver; but −90 dBm should be a  
good starting point. At this point you should be able to turn the Test  
Set’s Volume knob clockwise and hear a 1 kHz tone from the Test  
Set’s speaker.  
Set to  
SINAD.  
Enter the  
RF Chan-  
nel number.  
Turn on FM  
modulation  
for the RF  
Generator.  
Set an initial  
level of  
−90 dBm.  
15. Set the Amplitudefield to increment in 1 dB units. To do this,  
position the cursor in front of the Amplitudefield, press the  
Incr Set key, and enter 1 dB using the keypad.  
16. With the cursor front of the field, turn the knob to decrease the  
Amplitudesetting until the desired SINAD measurement is  
displayed (commonly 12 dB). You should hear the 1 kHz tone get  
noisy as you approach the 12 dB SINAD reading.  
F igu r e 2-6  
SINAD Te st R esu lts  
...the SINAD  
reading goes  
down and the  
signal through  
the Test Set’s  
speaker gets  
noisy.  
As you decrease the  
RF generator  
amplitude into your  
receiver....  
44  
Chapter2  
Main Menu  
Testing AMPS Base Stations  
Receiver Squelch Threshold  
R eceiver Squ elch Th r esh old  
This test determines the RF Signal level where the receiver squelches  
(switches off) the audio output.  
P r er eq u isites  
The following conditions must be met before testing:  
❒ The Test Set is turned on and PRESET was pressed to establish a  
known instrument state.  
❒ You have pressed the Preset key to establish a known instrument  
state.  
❒ You have configured the Test Set for channel tuning (see “Usin g  
Ch a n n e l Nu m b er s t o Set An a lyze r a n d Gen e r a tor  
F r equ en cies” on p a ge 68).  
❒ You have specified any gains or losses in your test system (see  
“Com p en sa t in g for Sign a l Losses a n d Ga in s in t h e Test  
Se tu p ” on p a ge 33).  
Test P r oced u r e  
1. Turn off the base station’s transmitter.  
2. Turn the base station’s data and SAT off.  
3. Connect the base station receiver’s inputs to the Test Set’s DUPLEX  
OUT port.  
4. Connect the receiver’s audio output to the Test Set’s AUDIO IN  
port(s). Unless the receiver’s audio out amplifier is not referenced to  
chassis ground, you should only connect to the AUDIO IN - HI port.  
For floating output amplifiers, see the HP 8935 Reference Manua l  
for information on using the AUDIO IN - LO connection.  
5. Press CDMA Gen to access the CDMA GENERATOR screen.  
Chapter 2  
45  
Main Menu  
 
Testing AMPS Base Stations  
Receiver Squelch Threshold  
6. Set the CW RF Pathfield to Bypass. This turns off the IQ  
modulation used for CDMA tests.  
Bypass/IQ  
Set to Bypass.  
7. Press SHIFT, RFAnl (AF Anl) to access the AF ANALYZER screen.  
8. Set the AF Anl Infield to Audio In.  
9. Press the RF Gen key to access the RF GENERATOR screen.  
10.Set the AFGen1 Tofield to FM and set it to 8 kHz deviation.  
11.Enter the transmitter’s channel number in the RF Channelfield.  
12.Set the Atten Holdfield to On. The prevents the Test Set from  
changing its internal attenuators during the test to prevent  
erroneous squelch interruption.  
46  
Chapter2  
Main Menu  
Testing AMPS Base Stations  
Receiver Squelch Threshold  
13.Set an initial RF generator level in the Amplitudefield. This value  
depends on the sensitivity of the receiver; but −90 dBm should be a  
good starting point. At this point you should be able to turn the Test  
Set’s Volume knob clockwise and hear a 1 kHz tone from the Test  
Set’s speaker.  
Enter the  
RF channel  
number.  
Turn on FM  
modulation  
for the RF  
generator  
and set to  
8 kHz.  
Set a initial  
level of  
−90 dBm.  
8.00  
On/off  
Set to On.  
14.Set the Amplitudefield to increment in 1 dB units. To do this,  
position the cursor in front of the Amplitudefield, press the  
Incr Set key, and enter 1 dB using the keypad.  
15.With the cursor in front of the Amplitudefield, turn the knob  
counterclockwise to decrease the Amplitudesetting until the  
received audio is no longer heard on the Test Set’s speaker (or until  
the AC Levelreading drops suddenly). The RF amplitude at which  
the audio signal is no longer output is the squelch threshold.  
Chapter 2  
47  
Main Menu  
Testing AMPS Base Stations  
Receiver Squelch Threshold  
48  
Chapter2  
Main Menu  
3
Utilit y P r oced u r es  
This chapter contains procedures and instructions that will help you  
make the most efficient use of your Test Set.  
49  
Main Menu  
Utility Procedures  
Beeper  
Beep er  
The beeper notifies you when a message is displayed. Since a message  
may be removed from the screen before you notice it, it is better to leave  
the beeper on to alert you to errors during operation.  
The beeper’s volume setting is retained when the instrument is turned  
off.  
Beep er Con t r ol  
1. Press the Inst Config key to go to the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE  
screen.  
2. Select Beeper.  
3. Choose from Off, Quiet, or Loud.  
50  
Chapter3  
Main Menu  
Utility Procedures  
Measuring Insertion Losses  
Mea su r in g In ser tion Losses  
To make accurate power and receiver measurements, the signal loss  
through the cables or other devices used in your test setup must be  
known and entered into the Test Set’s INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE  
screen to compensate for these losses.  
Signal losses are measured using a built-in automated routine that  
runs on the Test Set’s IBASIC controller. Losses can be calibrated at a  
discrete (single) frequency or over a frequency range. This is one  
routine included in a set of utility procedures called the RF TOOLS.  
During the test, a calibrated signal goes through two 6-dB  
attentuators/pads (such as Mini-Circuits model NAT-6-60) and a short  
type-N male-to-male cable to establish a known reference point. The  
Test Set then prompts you to connect the device under test to measure  
the additional loss through that device. (The pads and cable are not  
part of the standard equipment shipped with the Test Set.)  
Figure 3-1 shows how to load and run the RFTOOLS routines and  
select the desired insertion loss test.  
F igu r e 3-1  
Loa d in g a n d R u n n in g th e In ser t ion Loss Te st  
1 Select R OM.  
Select R F TOOLS.  
2
3
Select R u n Test .  
When the screen below appears.......  
...use the knob to move the cursor and  
select either Discr et e F r e q In ser tion  
Loss or Sw ep t In ser tion Loss. When  
run, the test prompts you to enter the  
necessary test frequency information  
and displays setup diagrams. Make the  
indicated connections and follow  
instructions as you are prompted by the  
program.  
Chapter 3  
51  
Main Menu  
   
Utility Procedures  
Memory Cards  
Mem or y Ca r d s  
The slot on the front of the Test Set is used for memory cards. The slot  
is used for the following:  
•
•
•
•
Storage of save/recall registers  
Loading of software (either HP or self-written)  
Collecting data (only when using software)  
Upgrading firmware or software  
Mem or y Ca r d s a n d In t ia liza t ion  
There are several types of memory cards available, and the following  
cards are used with the Test Set:  
•
•
•
SRAM: used for save/recall and data storage  
Flash ROM: used when upgrading firmware  
OTP (One-Time Programmable): used for HP software  
Flash ROM cannot be used for collecting data and Save/Recall.  
Data cannot be loaded on Flash RAM and OTP cards with the Test Set’s  
memory card slot.  
SRAM can be initialized with the Test Set.  
In itia lizin g SR AM Ca r d s for Sa ve/Reca ll a n d Da t a  
52  
Chapter3  
Main Menu  
 
Utility Procedures  
Oscilloscope  
Oscilloscop e  
The built-in 50 kHz oscilloscope provides  
•
•
•
multiple triggering formats (internal and external)  
single-shot and pre-trigger viewing for single events  
full marker capability with automatic level and time readout  
Time/division, volts/division and vertical offset are displayed and can be  
changed using the front-panel knob.  
Input to the Oscilloscope (SCOPE) is provided from various sources  
including direct inputs to the Audio Input and Modulation Input  
connectors. Oscilloscope functions are accessed from the AF Anl and  
SCOPE screens.  
F igu r e 3-2  
FM Demod  
In p u ts a n d F ilter s for t h e Oscilloscop e  
Controlled by  
AF Anl In  
field  
Controlled by  
Scope To  
field  
Input  
AM Demod  
SSB Demod  
AUDIO IN connector  
Filters  
Analog Modulation In  
connector  
To  
Scope  
De-emp  
FM Mod  
AM Mod  
Audio Out  
To  
Notch  
Audio Monitor  
Out connector  
Chapter 3  
53  
Main Menu  
Utility Procedures  
Oscilloscope  
Select in g th e Oscilloscop e’s In p u t  
1. Press Shift, then RF Anl (AF Anl) to select the AF ANALYZER screen.  
2. Select the AF Anl Inputfield. A list of choices appears.  
3. Select the desired input to the scope:  
• FM Demodfor FM demodulated audio from input signals  
connected to the RF IN/OUT or ANT IN connectors.  
• AM Demodfor AM demodulated audio from input signals  
connected to the RF IN/OUT or ANT IN connectors.  
• SSB Demod for SSB demodulated audio from input signals  
connected to the RF IN/OUT or ANT IN connectors.  
• Audio Infor a signal connected to the AUDIO IN connector.  
• Ext Modfor a signal connected to the rear panel MODULATION  
INPUT connector.  
• FM Modfor the FM modulated audio from the RF generator  
section.  
• AM Modfor the AM modulated audio from the RF generator  
section.  
• Audio Out for the signal present at the AUDIO OUT connector.  
4. The input to the oscilloscope is displayed on the SCOPE screen.  
Select in g th e Oscilloscop e’s F ilter s  
1. Press Shift, then RF Anl (AF Anl) to select the AF ANALYZER screen.  
2. Select the Scope Tofield. A list of choices should appear.  
3. Select the desired filtering for the signal:  
• Inputif you want no filtering (dc coupled)  
•
•
•
Filters to route the audio to the oscilloscope after passing through  
filters 1 and 2. (ac coupled)  
De-emp to route the audio to the oscilloscope after passing  
through filters 1 and 2, and the de-emphasis circuitry.(ac coupled)  
Notch to route the audio to the oscilloscope after passing through  
Filters 1 and 2, the de-emphasis circuitry, and notch filter  
circuitry. (ac coupled)  
54  
Chapter3  
Main Menu  
Utility Procedures  
Oscilloscope  
Tr igger in g t h e Oscilloscop e  
You can control following triggering features of the oscilloscope:  
•
•
•
•
•
Trigger: external or internal  
Automated or normal triggering  
Continuous or single shot triggering  
Trigger level  
Trigger delay  
The oscilloscope is triggered using the Triggermenu. Select this menu  
with the following procedure:  
1. Press Shift, then Spec Anl (Scope) to go to the SCOPE screen.  
2. Select the Controlsfield, then choose Triggerfrom the list of  
choices.  
Chapter 3  
55  
Main Menu  
Utility Procedures  
Oscilloscope  
Usin g t h e Ma r k er  
The marker is used to help you make measurements with the  
oscilloscope. By repositioning the marker, you can measure the level  
and time.  
The Marker is controlled using the Markermenu. Select this menu  
with the following procedure:  
1. Press Shift, then Spec Anl (Scope) to go to the SCOPE screen.  
2. Select the Controlsfield, the choose Markerfrom the list of  
choices.  
56  
Chapter3  
Main Menu  
Utility Procedures  
Online Help  
On lin e H elp  
The Test Set contains help screens which briefly identify the most  
commonly used features of the Test Set.  
Access the help screens by pressing the Help key. Use the knob to select  
the Help Topic of interest.  
Pressing the Prev key allows you to switch between the HELP screen  
and the previous screen you had accessed. This is particularly useful  
when you are following a procedure described in the HELP screen.  
H elp Scr een Disp la y  
F igu r e 3-3  
H elp Scr e en Disp la y  
Chapter 3  
57  
Main Menu  
Utility Procedures  
Ports: HP-IB, Serial and Parallel  
P or ts: H P -IB, Ser ia l a n d P a r a llel  
There are three types of data ports on the Test Set: HP-IB, Serial, and  
Parallel. They each have specific purposes.  
HP -IB P or t  
This port is provided on the Test Set for IEEE 488.2 communications. It  
is used to control the Test Set with an external IBASIC controller, or to  
control other HP-IB equipped devices.  
This port can be used with an external programming device when  
writing programs, although it is also common to program the Test Set  
using a serial port.  
The default address of the HP-IB port is 14. This is commonly used in  
IBASIC programs. An example command providing output to the port is  
OUTP UT 714;”*R ST”, which presets the Test Set.  
It has two modes, which correspond to modes useful when  
programming the Test Set. Talk&Listnis the normal mode. Use  
Controlonly when you need to control HP-IB instruments external to  
the Test Set.  
Con t r ollin g t h e HP -IB P or t  
1. Press Shift, then the Inst Config (I/O Config) key to display the I/O  
CONFIGURE screen.  
2. Set the address of the HP-IB port with the HP-IB Adrsfield.  
3. Use the Modefield to set the mode to either Talk&Listnor  
Control.  
Ser ia l P or t s  
Three serial ports are available on the Test Set. Port 9 is used for  
printing, IBASIC control and data communications. Serial ports 10 and  
11 are used only for data communications from IBASIC.  
Con figu r in g Ser ia l P or ts  
All serial ports are configured via the I/O CONFIGURE screen. Baud  
Rate, Parity, Data Length, Stop Length and Flow Control are all  
configured in this screen. Additionally, port 9 can be configured for  
IBASIC control in this screen.  
1. Press Shift, then Inst Config (I/O Config) to go to the I/O CONFIGURE  
screen.  
2. Select Serial Portto choose the port you want to configure.  
58  
Chapter3  
Main Menu  
Utility Procedures  
Ports: HP-IB, Serial and Parallel  
3. Change the settings for the port as desired.  
NOTE  
Do not turn Flow Control on (set Flow Cntlto “Hardware” in the I/O  
CONFIGURE screen) for the serial port until you have a device  
attached to the port that can respond to the flow control  
communications.  
Example: Assume you have a printer attached to Serial Port 9. Power is  
off to the printer. Before you start to run any IBASIC software (for  
example, the RFTOOLS program), youmust make sure the printer is  
attached and power is on to the printer.  
Usin g Ser ia l P or ts for P r in t in g  
Serial Port 9 is the only serial port that can be used for printing. See  
“Printing” on page 61.  
1. If you want to change the serial port configuration, see “Configuring  
Serial Port 9 for IBASIC Communications” on page 59. It is not  
necessary to change the Serial_9 Infield.  
2. Press Shift, then Print (Printer Config) to display the PRINTER  
CONFIGURE screen.  
3. Select Printer Port. Choose Serial 9to direct the output to  
Serial Port 9.  
4. Press Print to print the currently displayed screen.  
Con figu r in g Ser ia l P or t 9 for IBASIC Com m u n ica t ion s  
The internal connection to Serial Port 9 is controlled in the I/O  
CONFIGURE screen. The port has two purposes with IBASIC:  
• Inst: Serial Port 9 is connected to a terminal (e.g. a PC running  
Windows Terminal program). IBASIC commands are input from the  
terminal and are used to control the Test Set.  
• IBASIC: Serial Port 9 is connected to a device that can communicate  
with an IBASIC program already running inside the Test Set.  
Typically used for input/output to a PC or other device.  
1. Press Shift, then Inst Config (I/O Config) to go to the I/O CONFIGURE  
screen.  
2. Select Serial_9 Into toggle between Instand IBASIC.  
Con figu r in g Ser ia l P or ts 10 a n d 11  
Serial Ports 10 and 11 are only configured via IBASIC commands. See  
the Progra mmer’s Guide for commands which control these ports.  
Chapter 3  
59  
Main Menu  
 
Utility Procedures  
Ports: HP-IB, Serial and Parallel  
P a r a llel P or t s  
There are two parallel ports on the Test Set.  
Parallel Port 15 is the only parallel port that can be used for printing. It  
can be selected in the PRINTER CONFIGURATION screen.  
Both parallel ports (Port 15 and Port 16) may be used for controlling a  
base station. The port can be put in an input or an output mode. The  
data is then written or read under IBASIC control. When in either of  
these modes, the printing function on Parallel Port 15 is disabled.  
60  
Chapter3  
Main Menu  
Utility Procedures  
Printing  
P r in tin g  
You can print from the Test Set via Parallel Port 15, Serial Port 9, or  
the HP-IB port.  
Note that data collection is not the same as printing. Data collection  
can only be done from a software program.  
Con figu r in g th e Test Set for P r in t in g  
1. Press Shift, then Print (Printer Config) to display the PRINTER  
CONFIGURE screen.  
2. Select the Modelfield and choose the printer that most closely  
matches your printer.  
3. Select the Printer Portfield and choose the port you will connect  
the printer to. If necessary, use the I/O CONFIGURE screen to set  
up addresses and communication modes.  
a. SERIAL PORT 9: This is the uppermost serial port. Configuration  
defaults are 9600, none, 8, 1, Xon/Xoff.  
b. HP-IB: The HP-IB address (HP-IB Adrs) is set to printer address  
701. Enter this number as 01. Set Mode to CONTROL. (The  
default address 14 is reserved for an external controller.)  
c. PARALLEL PORT: There are two ports available. Port 15 (the  
printer port) is the uppermost port.  
4. Connect the proper cable to the connector you selected.  
•
•
•
SERIAL PORT: standard NULL MODEM cable.  
HP-IB: HP-IB cable (such as HP 10833B)  
PARALLEL PORT: parallel cable  
5. Change the FF(form feed) and Lines/Pageas needed.  
P r in t in g a Scr een  
1. Configure the Test Set for Printing.  
2. Go to the screen you want to print.  
3. Press the Hold key if you want to temporarily stop the measurement.  
(Optional).  
4. Press the Print key. Data will be sent to the printer.  
5. To cancel the print, go to the PRINTER CONFIGURE screen and  
select Abort Print.  
Chapter 3  
61  
Main Menu  
 
Utility Procedures  
Measuring Swept Return Loss  
Mea su r in g Sw ep t R etu r n Loss  
This procedure measures the return loss (VSWR) of an antenna using  
an IBASIC program that is in the Test Set’s memory. An external  
directional bridge must be provided (such as an Eagle RLB 150X5  
Option N5A or equivalent).  
Press the Menu key to access the SOFTWARE MENU screen, and follow  
the instructions illustrated on the following pages.  
F igu r e 3-4  
Loa d in g a n d R u n n in g t h e R e tu r n Loss P r ogr a m  
Select R OM.  
Select R F TOOLS.  
Select R u n Test.  
Use the knob to move the cursor and  
select Sw e p t R etu r n Loss.  
(Next Page)  
62  
Chapter3  
Main Menu  
 
Utility Procedures  
Measuring Swept Return Loss  
F igu r e 3-5  
E n t er in g Sw ep t R e tu r n Loss Mea su r em e n t In for m a tion  
Enter the St a r t and Stop F r e qu en cy  
values for the measurement.  
The Ma x exp ect ed loss value is used to  
determine the graphics scaling when the  
measurement is displayed.  
The DUP LE X OUT level is adjustable  
to reduce the RF level used when mea-  
suring the loss of sensitive devices, and  
to minimize the amount of transmitted  
power during the test (if necessary).  
Select Be gin Tst (k1) to continue.  
F igu r e 3-6  
Sw e p t R et u r n Loss Mea su r e m en t Con n ection s  
Two 6 dB attenuators (pads), two short  
cables, and the return loss bridge are  
used to establish a calibration refer-  
ence w it h ou t th e d evice u n d er te st  
con n ecte d . Press P r ocee d (k1) to con-  
tinue.  
As indicated by the NOTE on the  
drawing, your return loss bridge may  
be marked differently than shown.  
When measuring the swept return loss  
of a transmission line that is not ter-  
minated at an antenna, terminate the  
line into a 50Ω load.  
After connecting your device under  
test, press P r ocee d (k1) to make the  
measurement.  
Device under test  
Termination  
Chapter 3  
63  
Main Menu  
Utility Procedures  
Measuring Swept Return Loss  
The plot in Figure 3-7 is for a cellular band antenna, swept from  
800 MHz to 999 MHz. The plot (and the text above it) indicates that the  
maximum return loss is at 885.4 MHz. This is the point where the  
antenna is radiating the maximum amount of signal being fed into it  
from the return loss bridge, and therefore the Test Set is receiving the  
least amount of reflected (returned) energy back.  
F igu r e 3-7  
Sw ep t R e tu r n Loss Mea su r em e n t R esu lt s  
P r oce ed to the run the  
test again or to select a  
different test.  
Sa ve P lot to an  
initialized writeable PC  
card. (See "Memory  
Cards" on page 52.)  
Perform a Scr een  
Du m p to print the screen  
to a connected printer.  
(See "Printing" on page  
61.)  
64  
Chapter3  
Main Menu  
 
Utility Procedures  
Tracking Generator  
Tr a ck in g Gen er a tor  
The tracking generator is typically used for measuring return loss and  
insertion loss. It also allows for quick and accurate characterization of  
filters, duplexers, combiners, and RF to IF conversions. Broadband RF  
devices can be characterized with single sweeps due to the full-span  
sweep capability to 1 GHz. The tracking generator also includes  
amplitude and frequency offset. Output from the tracking generator are  
provided at either the RF IN/OUT or DUPLEX OUT connector.  
Usin g t h e Tr a ck in g Gen er a t or  
To measure return loss, see "Measuring Swept Return Loss" on page 62.  
To measure insertion loss, see "Measuring Insertion Losses" on page 51.  
Features of the tracking generator are listed below.  
•
Sweep: the start and stop frequencies of the sweep are determined  
by the spectrum analyzer’s Mainmenu. The Spandetermines the  
band, and Center Freqdefines the midpoint of the sweep.  
• Offset Freq: sets the difference between the instantaneous  
frequency of the tracking generator and the center frequency of the  
spectrum analyzer. This value can be positive or negative.  
• Amplitude: sets the amplitude of the signal.  
• Norm/Invert: With Norm, the tracking generator sweeps from low  
to high frequencies. With Invert, it sweeps from high to low  
frequencies.  
NOTE  
The offset function is useful when looking at frequency translating  
devices, or anytime you need to sweep around a frequency while  
analyzing another. During normal operation, offset is set to 0.00.  
F igu r e 3-8  
Sp e ct r u m An a lyzer w ith Tr a ck in g Gen er a tor Con tr ols  
Disp la yed  
Tracking  
Generator  
Controls  
Chapter 3  
65  
Main Menu  
Utility Procedures  
User Keys  
User Keys  
User keys instantly access instrument settings without using the knob.  
You can use user keys to move quickly between fields on the same  
screen, and to access field settings that are not normally available on  
the screen you are using. When the user key is pressed, the cursor  
instantly moves to, and selects, the assigned field.  
Global user keys are used to access settings that are not available on  
the current screen. Three global user keys are available: k1’, k2’, and  
k3’. (To use one of these keys, press Shift, then k1, k2, or k3.)  
Local user keys are used to move between settings on the screen that is  
currently displayed. Five local user keys are available for each screen:  
k1, k2, k3, k4, and k5. You can assign these keys yourself, or use the  
factory preset assignments.  
Disp la yin g t h e P r e-a ssign ed Loca l User Keys  
1. Press the Shift key.  
2. Press the k4 (Assign) key.  
3. Press Enter. Now the factory preset keys are displayed.  
Assign in g a Loca l User Key  
1. Move the cursor to the field you want to assign to a user key.  
2. Press the Shift key.  
3. Press the k4 (Assign) key.  
4. Press the user key you want to assign to the field you chose. The  
number of the user key will appear beside the field when you move  
the cursor.  
66  
Chapter3  
Main Menu  
Utility Procedures  
User Keys  
Assign in g a Glob a l User Key  
1. Move the cursor to the field you want to assign to a user key.  
2. Press the Shift key.  
3. Press the k4 (Assign) key.  
4. Press the Shift key.  
5. Press the user key you want to assign to the field you chose (k1, k2, or  
k3). Global user keys are indicated as k1’, k2’, and k3’ on the front  
panel to indicate that they are shifted functions. The number of the  
user key does not appear beside the field when using global user  
keys.  
To R elea se a User Key Assign m en t  
Perform the same procedure for assigning a key, but instead of pressing  
the k4 (Assign) key, press the k5 (Release) key.  
Chapter 3  
67  
Main Menu  
Utility Procedures  
Using Channel Numbers to Set Analyzer and Generator Frequencies  
Usin g Ch a n n el Nu m b er s to Set An a lyzer a n d Gen er a t or  
F r eq u en cies  
RF analyzer and RF generator frequencies can be entered by channel  
number (the default setting) or by discrete frequencies (in MHz). The  
RF Displayfield on the INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE screen controls  
which way frequencies are entered. This screen is accessed by pressing  
the Inst Config key.  
If the RF Displayfield is set to Chanfor channel tuning, you also need  
to set the RF Chan Stdfield to LS AMPSto tell the Test Set you are  
testing Land (base) Station AMPS radios. This automatically sets the  
correct 45 MHz frequency offset needed to generate reverse channel  
signals and analyze forward channel signals for an AMPS base station.  
If you do not know the channel number of your base station, but know  
the transmit and receive frequencies, set the RF Displayfield to Freq.  
You can then enter these frequencies directly for the RF generator and  
RF analyzer during tests.  
F igu r e 3-9  
Con figu r a t ion to Use Ch a n n el Nu m ber s for R F Ge n er a tor a n d  
An a lyze r Set tin gs  
Set the R F Disp la y field to Ch a n  
to turn on channel tuning.  
Select the R F Ch a n Std field to dis-  
play a list of system types.....  
..and then select LS AMP S for testing  
AMPS base stations.  
68  
Chapter3  
Main Menu  
Utility Procedures  
Using Channel Numbers to Set Analyzer and Generator Frequencies  
R F Ch a n a n d Tu n e F r eq F ield s  
NOTE  
All of the test procedures in this document assume you are using  
channel tuning. If you are using frequency tuning, enter the frequency  
in the appropriate field(s).  
When you use ch a n n el t u n in g, the RF ANALYZER and RF  
GENERATOR screens displays an RF Channelfield for entering the  
channel to tune to or generate.  
When you use fr eq u en cy t u n in g, the RF ANALYZER screen replaces  
the RF Channelfield with the Tune Freqfield for direct frequency  
entry. The RF GENERATOR screen replaces the RF Channelfield  
with the RF Gen Freqfield. For AMPS Base Station tests, remember  
that there should always be a 45 MHz separation between the transmit  
and receive frequencies (transmit frequency is 45 MHz greater than the  
receive frequency).  
Chapter 3  
69  
Main Menu  
Utility Procedures  
Voltmeter  
Volt m et er  
A voltmeter is available in the Test Set, and can measure low level dc or  
ac voltages. The input to the voltmeter is controlled by the AF Anl In  
field in the AF ANALYZER screen.  
CAUTION  
Do not exceed the rated input to the Test Set for the DC Leveland  
AC Levelmeasurements.  
The connector best suited to making ac Level and dc Level  
measurements is the AUDIO IN port.  
Mea su r in g AC Level a n d DC Level  
1. Press Shift, then RF Anl (AF Anl) to go to the AF ANALYZER screen.  
2. Select AF Anl Inand choose Audio In.  
3. Select Audio In Loand choose Gnd. This sets the AUDIO IN LO  
port to ground, which allows you to measure voltage at the AUDIO  
IN HI port.  
4. Attach a probe (for example a 1:1 oscilloscope probe) to the AUDIO  
IN HI connector.  
5. AC Levelis displayed. To change to DC Level, select the AF Freq  
measurement and choose DC Levelfrom the displayed list of  
choices.  
70  
Chapter3  
Main Menu  
In d ex  
A
B
C
AC level  
Base Station connections, 32  
cable losses  
measuring, 70  
batteries  
compensating, 33  
AC volts  
replacing, 18  
cables  
measuring, 70  
AF Anl Input  
field, 54  
beeper, 50  
for printing, 61  
HP-IB, 61  
Null Modem, 61  
calibration  
AF connections, 32  
AMPS Base Stations  
manual testing, 29  
AMPS testing, 18  
AMPS tests  
Assembly Level Repair Manual,  
22  
when you change a module, 22  
call center  
receiver sensitivity (SINAD), 42  
receiver squelch threshold, 45  
transmitter data deviation, 38  
transmitter frequency  
error/offset and power, 34  
transmitter maximum voice  
deviation, 40  
Europe, 19  
U.S., 19  
Canada HP Direct, 19  
CD-ROM  
documentation, 20  
Cell Band CDMA testing, 18  
change battery procedure, 18  
channel numbers  
using, to set analyzer and  
generator frequencies, 68  
congratulations, 27  
connections  
transmitter SAT frequency and  
deviation, 36  
AMPS Tests listed, 30  
analyzer and generator  
frequencies  
using channel numbers, 68  
Analyzing FM Carrier, 26  
ANT IN port  
base station, 32  
FM Loopback test, 23  
conventions used in his manual,  
15  
overpower, 30  
Antenna In field, 33  
ANTENNA IN port  
losses, 33  
Assembly Level Repair Manual  
calibration, 22  
assigning global user keys, 67  
assigning local user keys, 66  
AUDIO IN port, 32  
AUDIO OUT port, 32  
automatic operation, 21  
Available AMPS tests, 30  
Index  
71  
Main Menu  
In d ex  
D
E
F
Data Deviation test, 38  
DC level  
entering test system losses and  
gains, 33  
fields  
selecting, 24  
measuring, 70  
European Call Center, 19  
FM Carrier  
DC volts  
analyzing, 26  
measuring, 70  
displaying, 26  
FM Loopback test, 23  
FM Signal  
Displaying an FM Carrier, 26  
Duplex Out field, 33  
DUPLEX OUT port, 32  
losses, 33  
displaying, 23  
FM signal  
overpower, 30  
generating, 24  
frequencies  
setting analyzer and generator,  
68  
Frequency Error test, 34  
72  
Index  
Main Menu  
In d ex  
G
H
I
generating an FM signal, 24  
help  
IBASIC Programs, 21  
in this manual, 15  
INSTRUMENT CONFIGURE  
screen, 33  
Getting Help, 19  
how to get, 19  
Getting Started, 17  
global user keys, 66  
assigning, 67  
online, 57  
screen display, 57  
hot keys  
releasing, 67  
setting, 66  
HP Direct  
Canada, 19  
Korea, 19  
HP-IB communications  
via the serial port, 59  
HP-IB controller  
internal to the Test Set, 21  
HP-IB port  
controlling, 58  
modes, 58  
Index  
73  
Main Menu  
In d ex  
K
L
M
k1, k2, k3, k4, k5  
local user keys, 66  
k1’, k2’, k3’  
local user keys, 66  
assigning, 66  
preassigned, 66  
manual operation, 21  
manual testing  
AMPS base stations, 29  
maximizing measurement  
accuracy, 22  
global user keys, 66  
releasing, 67  
knob  
Loopback Test, 23  
using, 24  
measurement accuracy  
maximizing, 22  
Korea HP Direct, 19  
measurement port, 30  
measuring path losses and gains,  
31  
memory cards, 52  
modes of the Test Set, 21  
74  
Index  
Main Menu  
In d ex  
O
P
R
oscilloscope, 53  
features, 53  
filters and inputs, 53  
parallel port  
RAM  
input and output modes, 60  
ports 15 and 16, 60  
path losses, 33  
backing up, 18  
read me first, 31  
marker, 56  
Receiver Sensitivity test, 42  
recevier squelch threshold, 45  
return loss, 62  
selecting the filters, 54  
selecting the input, 54  
triggering, 55  
measuring, 31  
PCMCIA card, 52  
Flash ROM, 52  
RF connections, 32  
RF In/Out field, 33  
RF IN/OUT port, 32  
losses, 33  
initializing, 52  
OTP, 52  
SRAM, 52  
PCS CDMA testing, 18  
measuring power, 30  
port  
overpower, 30  
HP-IB, 58  
RF Level Offset field, 33  
HP-IB, serial, parallel, 58  
measuring AC or DC level, 70  
printing via the serial port, 59  
serial, 58  
Power  
measurement port, 30  
Power calibration/compensation,  
22  
preassigned local user keys, 66  
printing, 61  
and data collection, 61  
cables, 61  
configuring the Test Set, 61  
FF (Form Feed), 61  
how to print a screen, 61  
HP-IB, 61  
lines per page, 61  
parallel port, 61  
ports, 61  
serial port 9, 61  
via the serial port, 59  
probe  
measuring AC or DC level, 70  
Product Description, 18  
Programmer’s Guide, 21  
purchased software, 21  
Index  
75  
Main Menu  
In d ex  
S
T
U
sales offices, 19  
temperature compensation  
Pwr Zero, 22  
U.S. Call Center, 19  
user keys  
SAT Deviation test, 36  
SAT Frequency test, 36  
test interface connections, 32  
global, 66  
screens  
Test Set  
local, 66  
selecting, 24  
documents included, 20  
what’s in the box, 20  
tips for selecting screens and  
fields, 24  
releasing, 67  
setting, 66  
serial port, 58  
configuring, 58  
Utility Procedures, 49  
configuring for HP-IB  
communications, 59  
port 9, configuring for HP-IB  
communications, 59  
port 9, configuring for printing,  
59  
TMO web site, 19  
tools contained in the Test Set, 18  
tracking generator, 65  
controls display, 65  
offset frequency, 65  
using, 65  
ports 10 and 11, 59  
using for printing, 59  
signal losses and gains  
compensating, 33  
SINAD test, 42  
software  
TX Power, 30  
TX Power test, 34  
manufacturer-specific, 21  
purchased, 21  
Spectrum Analyzer, 26  
squelch threshold, 45  
SRAM card  
initializing, 52  
systems  
AMPS, 18  
CDMA, 18  
PCS CDMA, 18  
76  
Index  
Main Menu  
In d ex  
V
W
Voice Deviation (max) test, 40  
web site  
TMO, 19  
voltmeter, 70  
connector, 70  
what to do next, 27  
What’s Included with this Test  
Set, 20  
volume  
controlling beeper, 50  
www.tmo.hp.com, 19  
Index  
77  
Main Menu  

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