Part No. 209418-A
May 2001
4401 Great America Parkway
Santa Clara, CA 95054
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In addition, the program and information contained herein are licensed only pursuant to a license agreement that contains
restrictions on use and disclosure (that may incorporate by reference certain limitations and notices imposed by third
parties).
Japan/Nippon Requirements Only
Voluntary Control Council for Interference (VCCI) Statement
Taiwan Requirements
Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection (BSMI) Statement
Canada Requirements Only
Canadian Department of Communications Radio Interference Regulations
This digital apparatus (Baystack 420 Switch) does not exceed the Class A limits for radio-noise emissions from digital
apparatus as set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications.
Règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique du ministère des Communications
Cet appareil numérique (Baystack 420 Switch) respecte les limites de bruits radioélectriques visant les appareils
numériques de classe A prescrites dans le Règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique du ministère des Communications
du Canada.
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Nortel Networks Inc. software license agreement
NOTICE: Please carefully read this license agreement before copying or using the accompanying software or installing
the hardware unit with pre-enabled software (each of which is referred to as “Software” in this Agreement). BY
COPYING OR USING THE SOFTWARE, YOU ACCEPT ALL OF THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS
LICENSE AGREEMENT. THE TERMS EXPRESSED IN THIS AGREEMENT ARE THE ONLY TERMS UNDER
WHICH NORTEL NETWORKS WILL PERMIT YOU TO USE THE SOFTWARE. If you do not accept these terms
and conditions, return the product, unused and in the original shipping container, within 30 days of purchase to obtain a
credit for the full purchase price.
1. License grant. Nortel Networks Inc. (“Nortel Networks”) grants the end user of the Software (“Licensee”) a personal,
nonexclusive, nontransferable license: a) to use the Software either on a single computer or, if applicable, on a single
authorized device identified by host ID, for which it was originally acquired; b) to copy the Software solely for backup
purposes in support of authorized use of the Software; and c) to use and copy the associated user manual solely in
support of authorized use of the Software by Licensee. This license applies to the Software only and does not extend to
Nortel Networks Agent software or other Nortel Networks software products. Nortel Networks Agent software or other
Nortel Networks software products are licensed for use under the terms of the applicable Nortel Networks Inc. Software
License Agreement that accompanies such software and upon payment by the end user of the applicable license fees for
such software.
2. Restrictions on use; reservation of rights. The Software and user manuals are protected under copyright laws.
Nortel Networks and/or its licensors retain all title and ownership in both the Software and user manuals, including any
revisions made by Nortel Networks or its licensors. The copyright notice must be reproduced and included with any
copy of any portion of the Software or user manuals. Licensee may not modify, translate, decompile, disassemble, use
for any competitive analysis, reverse engineer, distribute, or create derivative works from the Software or user manuals
or any copy, in whole or in part. Except as expressly provided in this Agreement, Licensee may not copy or transfer the
Software or user manuals, in whole or in part. The Software and user manuals embody Nortel Networks’ and its
licensors’ confidential and proprietary intellectual property. Licensee shall not sublicense, assign, or otherwise disclose
to any third party the Software, or any information about the operation, design, performance, or implementation of the
Software and user manuals that is confidential to Nortel Networks and its licensors; however, Licensee may grant
permission to its consultants, subcontractors, and agents to use the Software at Licensee’s facility, provided they have
agreed to use the Software only in accordance with the terms of this license.
3. Limited warranty. Nortel Networks warrants each item of Software, as delivered by Nortel Networks and properly
installed and operated on Nortel Networks hardware or other equipment it is originally licensed for, to function
substantially as described in its accompanying user manual during its warranty period, which begins on the date
Software is first shipped to Licensee. If any item of Software fails to so function during its warranty period, as the sole
remedy Nortel Networks will at its discretion provide a suitable fix, patch, or workaround for the problem that may be
included in a future Software release. Nortel Networks further warrants to Licensee that the media on which the
Software is provided will be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use for a period of 90 days
from the date Software is first shipped to Licensee. Nortel Networks will replace defective media at no charge if it is
returned to Nortel Networks during the warranty period along with proof of the date of shipment. This warranty does not
apply if the media has been damaged as a result of accident, misuse, or abuse. The Licensee assumes all responsibility
for selection of the Software to achieve Licensee’s intended results and for the installation, use, and results obtained
from the Software. Nortel Networks does not warrant a) that the functions contained in the software will meet the
Licensee’s requirements, b) that the Software will operate in the hardware or software combinations that the Licensee
may select, c) that the operation of the Software will be uninterrupted or error free, or d) that all defects in the operation
of the Software will be corrected. Nortel Networks is not obligated to remedy any Software defect that cannot be
reproduced with the latest Software release. These warranties do not apply to the Software if it has been (i) altered,
except by Nortel Networks or in accordance with its instructions; (ii) used in conjunction with another vendor’s product,
resulting in the defect; or (iii) damaged by improper environment, abuse, misuse, accident, or negligence. THE
FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND LIMITATIONS ARE EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL
OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY WARRANTY OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Licensee is responsible for the security of its
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own data and information and for maintaining adequate procedures apart from the Software to reconstruct lost or altered
files, data, or programs.
4. Limitation of liability. IN NO EVENT WILL NORTEL NETWORKS OR ITS LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR
ANY COST OF SUBSTITUTE PROCUREMENT; SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES; OR ANY DAMAGES RESULTING FROM INACCURATE OR LOST DATA OR LOSS OF USE OR
PROFITS ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
NORTEL NETWORKS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT
SHALL THE LIABILITY OF NORTEL NETWORKS RELATING TO THE SOFTWARE OR THIS AGREEMENT
EXCEED THE PRICE PAID TO NORTEL NETWORKS FOR THE SOFTWARE LICENSE.
5. Government licensees. This provision applies to all Software and documentation acquired directly or indirectly by or
on behalf of the United States Government. The Software and documentation are commercial products, licensed on the
open market at market prices, and were developed entirely at private expense and without the use of any U.S.
Government funds. The license to the U.S. Government is granted only with restricted rights, and use, duplication, or
disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to the restrictions set forth in subparagraph (c)(1) of the Commercial
Computer Software––Restricted Rights clause of FAR 52.227-19 and the limitations set out in this license for civilian
agencies, and subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause of DFARS
252.227-7013, for agencies of the Department of Defense or their successors, whichever is applicable.
6. Use of software in the European Community. This provision applies to all Software acquired for use within the
European Community. If Licensee uses the Software within a country in the European Community, the Software
Directive enacted by the Council of European Communities Directive dated 14 May, 1991, will apply to the examination
of the Software to facilitate interoperability. Licensee agrees to notify Nortel Networks of any such intended
examination of the Software and may procure support and assistance from Nortel Networks.
7. Term and termination. This license is effective until terminated; however, all of the restrictions with respect to
Nortel Networks’ copyright in the Software and user manuals will cease being effective at the date of expiration of the
Nortel Networks copyright; those restrictions relating to use and disclosure of Nortel Networks’ confidential information
shall continue in effect. Licensee may terminate this license at any time. The license will automatically terminate if
Licensee fails to comply with any of the terms and conditions of the license. Upon termination for any reason, Licensee
will immediately destroy or return to Nortel Networks the Software, user manuals, and all copies. Nortel Networks is not
liable to Licensee for damages in any form solely by reason of the termination of this license.
8. Export and re-export. Licensee agrees not to export, directly or indirectly, the Software or related technical data or
information without first obtaining any required export licenses or other governmental approvals. Without limiting the
foregoing, Licensee, on behalf of itself and its subsidiaries and affiliates, agrees that it will not, without first obtaining all
export licenses and approvals required by the U.S. Government: (i) export, re-export, transfer, or divert any such
Software or technical data, or any direct product thereof, to any country to which such exports or re-exports are restricted
or embargoed under United States export control laws and regulations, or to any national or resident of such restricted or
embargoed countries; or (ii) provide the Software or related technical data or information to any military end user or for
any military end use, including the design, development, or production of any chemical, nuclear, or biological weapons.
9. General. If any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent
jurisdiction, the remainder of the provisions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect. This Agreement will
be governed by the laws of the state of California.
Should you have any questions concerning this Agreement, contact Nortel Networks Inc., 2375 N. Glenville Dr.,
Richardson, TX 75082.
LICENSEE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT LICENSEE HAS READ THIS AGREEMENT, UNDERSTANDS IT, AND
AGREES TO BE BOUND BY ITS TERMS AND CONDITIONS. LICENSEE FURTHER AGREES THAT THIS
AGREEMENT IS THE ENTIRE AND EXCLUSIVE AGREEMENT BETWEEN NORTEL NETWORKS AND
LICENSEE, WHICH SUPERSEDES ALL PRIOR ORAL AND WRITTEN AGREEMENTS AND
COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN THE PARTIES PERTAINING TO THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THIS
AGREEMENT. NO DIFFERENT OR ADDITIONAL TERMS WILL BE ENFORCEABLE AGAINST NORTEL
NETWORKS UNLESS NORTEL NETWORKS GIVES ITS EXPRESS WRITTEN CONSENT, INCLUDING AN
EXPRESS WAIVER OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT.
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Before you begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Text conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
How to get help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Physical description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Front panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Console port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
LED display panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Cooling fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
MAC address-based security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Switch software image storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Configuration parameters storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
MultiLink Trunking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Port mirroring (conversation steering) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Autosensing, autonegotiation, and autopolarity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
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Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
SNMP MIB support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
SNMP trap support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Configuration and switch management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Network configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Network configuration examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Desktop switch application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
High-density switched workgroup application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
BayStack 420 Switch stack operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Base unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Initial installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Stack MAC address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Stack configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Stack down configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
IEEE 802.1Q VLAN workgroups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
VLANs spanning multiple switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Shared servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
VLAN workgroup summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
VLAN configuration rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
MultiLink Trunks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Client/server configuration using MultiLink Trunks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Trunk configuration screen examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Trunk configuration screen for Switch S1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Trunk configuration screen for Switch S2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
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Trunk Configuration screen for Switch S4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Spanning tree considerations for MultiLink Trunks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Additional tips about the MultiLink Trunking feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Port mirroring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Accessing the CI menus and screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Main menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Choosing a BootP request mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
SNMP Configuration screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
System Characteristics screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Switch Configuration Menu screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
MAC Address Table screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Accelerator keys for repetitive tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
MAC Address Security Table screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
VLAN Display by Port screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Port Configuration screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
High Speed Flow Control Configuration screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Choosing a high speed flow control mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Symmetric mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Asymmetric mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
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MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
MultiLink Trunk Utilization screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
System Log screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Console/Comm Port Configuration screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Renumber Stack Units screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Spanning Tree Port Configuration screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Spanning Tree Switch Settings screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
TELNET Configuration screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Software Download screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Configuration File Download/Upload screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Troubleshooting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Interpreting the LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Diagnosing and correcting problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Normal power-up sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Port connection problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Autonegotiation modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Environmental . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Electrical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Physical dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Performance specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Network protocol and standards compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Safety agency certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
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Electromagnetic emissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Electromagnetic immunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Product description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
GBIC labeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
GBIC Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
GBIC specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Standards, connectors, cabling, and distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
1000BASE-SX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
1000BASE-LX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
1000BASE-ZX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
RJ-45 (10BASE-T/100BASE-TX) port connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
MDI-X to MDI-X cable connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
DB-9 (RS-232-D) Console/Comm Port connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Default settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Appendix F
Sample BootP configuration file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
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Figures
BayStack 420 Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Figure 10 Stack down configuration example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Figure 11 Port-based VLAN example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Figure 12 Default VLAN settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Figure 13 Port-based VLAN assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Figure 15 802.1Q tag assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Figure 20 Multiple VLANs sharing resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Figure 23 VLAN Configuration screen example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Figure 25 VLAN Port Configuration screen example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Figure 26 VLAN configuration spanning multiple switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Figure 27 Switch-to-switch trunk configuration example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Figure 28 Switch-to-server trunk configuration example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Figure 29 Client/server configuration example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
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Figure 35 Path Cost arbitration example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Figure 36 Example 1: correctly configured trunk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Figure 37 Example 2: detecting a misconfigured port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Figure 39 Map of console interface screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Figure 40 Console interface main menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Figure 41 IP Configuration/Setup screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Figure 42 SNMP Configuration screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Figure 43 System Characteristics screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Figure 44 Switch Configuration Menu screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Figure 45 MAC Address Table screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Figure 51 MAC Address Security Port Lists screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Figure 52 MAC Address Security Table screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Figure 53 MAC Address Security Table screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Figure 54 VLAN Configuration Menu screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Figure 55 VLAN Configuration screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Figure 56 VLAN Port Configuration screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Figure 57 VLAN Display by Port screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Figure 58 Port Configuration screen (1 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Figure 59 Port Configuration screen (2 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Figure 60 High Speed Flow Control Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Figure 61 MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Figure 62 MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Figure 63 MultiLink Trunk Utilization screen (1 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Figure 64 MultiLink Trunk Utilization screen (2 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
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Figure 65 Port Mirroring Configuration screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Figure 66 Port Statistics screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Figure 67 System Log screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Figure 69 Renumber Stack Units screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Figure 70 Hardware Unit Information screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Figure 74 Spanning Tree Switch Settings screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Figure 75 TELNET Configuration screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Figure 78 LED display panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
Figure 79 Types of GBICs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Figure 80 Nortel label on a GBIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Figure 81 Installing a GBIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Figure 82 Removing a GBIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Figure 83 Configuring MultiLink Trunks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Figure 84 RJ-45 (8-pin modular) port connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Figure 85 MDI-X to MDI cable connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Figure 86 MDI-X to MDI-X cable connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Figure 87 DB-9 Console port connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
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16 Figures
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Tables
SNMP MIB support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Support SNMP traps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
High Speed Flow Control Configuration screen fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
MultiLink Trunk Utilization screen fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Port Mirroring Configuration screen fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Table 25
Table 26
Table 27
Table 28
Table 29
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Port Statistics screen fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Corrective actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Electrical parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Physical dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
GBIC specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Model 1000ASE-XD GBIC specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Model 1000BASE-ZX GBIC specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
RJ-45 port connector pin assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
DB-9 Console port connector pin assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
Factory default settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Table 52
Table 53
Table 54
Table 55
Table 56
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19
Preface
This guide describes the Nortel Networks* BayStack* 420 10/100/1000 Switch
features and uses. The terms “BayStack 420 10/100/1000 Switch” and “BayStack
420 Switch” are used synonymously in this document.
You can use the BayStack 420 Switch in:
•
•
A standalone switch configuration.
A BayStack 420 Switch-only stack configuration.
Before you begin
This guide is intended for network managers and administrators with the
following background:
•
•
•
Basic knowledge of networks, Ethernet* bridging, and IP and IPX routing
Familiarity with networking concepts and terminology
Specific knowledge about the networking devices, protocols, topologies, and
interfaces that comprise your network
•
Experience with windowing systems, graphical user interfaces (GUIs), or
Web browsers
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20 Preface
Text conventions
This guide uses the following text conventions:
angle brackets (< >)
Indicate that you choose the text to enter based on the
description inside the brackets. Do not type the
brackets when entering the command.
Example: If the command syntax is:
ping<ip_address>, you enter:
ping 192.32.10.12
bold text
Indicates command names and options and text that
you need to enter.
Example: Enter show ip {alerts | routes}.
Example: Use the dinfo command.
braces ({})
Indicate required elements in syntax descriptions
where there is more than one option. You must choose
only one of the options. Do not type the braces when
entering the command.
Example: If the command syntax is:
show ip {alerts | routes}, you must enter
either:
show ip alerts or show ip routes, but not
both.
brackets ([ ])
Indicate optional elements in syntax descriptions. Do
not type the brackets when entering the command.
Example: If the command syntax is:
show ip interfaces [-alerts], you can enter
either:
show ip interfaces or show ip interfaces
-alerts.
ellipsis points (. . . )
Indicate that you repeat the last element of the
command as needed.
Example: If the command syntax is:
ethernet/2/1[<parameter> <value>] . . . ,
you enter
ethernet/2/1 and as many parameter-value pairs as
needed.
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Preface 21
Indicates file and directory names, new terms, book
italic text
titles, and variables in command syntax descriptions.
Where a variable is two or more words, the words are
connected by an underscore.
Example: If the command syntax is:
show at <valid_route>
valid_route is one variable and you substitute one value
for it.
screen text
separator ( > )
vertical line ( | )
Indicates system output, for example, prompts and
system messages.
Example: Set Trap Monitor Filters
Shows menu paths.
Example: Protocols > IP identifies the IP option on the
Protocols menu.
Separates choices for command keywords and
arguments. Enter only one of the choices. Do not type
the vertical line when entering the command.
Example: If the command syntax is:
show ip {alerts | routes}, you enter either:
show ip alerts or show ip routes, but not
both.
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22 Preface
Related publications
For more information about using the BayStack 420 Switch, refer to the following
publications:
•
Using the BayStack 420 10/100/1000 Switch (part number 209418-A)
Describes how to use the BayStack 420 10/100/1000 Switch for network
configuration.
•
Using Web-Based Management for the BayStack 420 10/100/1000 Switch
(part number 211252-A)
Describes how to use the Web-based management tool to configure switch
features.
•
•
Installing the BayStack 420 10/100/1000 Switch (part number 209420-A)
Describes how to install the BayStack 420 Switch.
Release Notes for the BayStack 420 10/100/1000 Switch
(part number 209419-A)
Documents important changes about the software and hardware that are not
covered in other related publications.
•
Getting Started with the BayStack 420 Management Software
(part number 211250-A)
Describes how to install the Java-based device level software management
application.
•
Reference for the BayStack 420 Management Software
(part number 211251-A)
Describes how to use the Java-based device level software management
application.
You can print selected technical manuals and release notes free, directly from the
product for which you need documentation. Then locate the specific category and
model or version for your hardware or software product. Use Adobe* Acrobat
Reader* to open the manuals and release notes, search for the sections you need,
and print them on most standard printers. Go to Adobe Systems at the
www.adobe.com URL to download a free copy of the Adobe Acrobat Reader.
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Preface 23
You can purchase selected documentation sets, CDs, and technical publications
How to get help
If you purchased a service contract for your Nortel Networks product from a
distributor or authorized reseller, contact the technical support staff for that
distributor or reseller for assistance.
If you purchased a Nortel Networks service program, contact one of the following
Nortel Networks Technical Solutions Centers:
Technical Solutions Center
Telephone
Europe, Middle East, and Africa
North America
(33) (4) 92-966-968
(800) 4NORTEL or (800) 466-7835
(61) (2) 9927-8800
Asia Pacific
China
(800) 810-5000
An Express Routing Code (ERC) is available for many Nortel Networks products
and services. When you use an ERC, your call is routed to a technical support
person who specializes in supporting that product or service. To locate an ERC for
ERC at the bottom of the page.
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24 Preface
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Chapter 1 BayStack 420 Switch 25
Chapter 1
BayStack 420 Switch
This chapter introduces the BayStack 420 Switch and covers the following topics:
•
•
“Physical description,” next
Physical description
Figure 1 depicts the front and side views of the BayStack 420 Switch.
Figure 1 BayStack 420 Switch
9995FA
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Front panel
Figure 2 shows the configuration of the front panel on the BayStack 420 Switch.
Table 1 describes the components on the front panel.
For descriptions of the back panel BayStack 420 Switch components, see “Back
panel” on page 30.
Figure 2 BayStack 420 Switch front panel
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
5
7
9
11
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
BayStack 420-24T Switch
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
11 13 15 17 19 21 23
10/100 Link Activity
25
Cascade
Base
Console Port
HDX/FDX
Base
Down
Up
10/100 Link Activity
Power On
HDX/FDX
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Link/Act
Unit Set
6
8
10
12
BayStack 420-24T Switch
9990EA
Table 1 Components on the BayStack 420 Switch front panel
Item Description
1
2
3
4
Console port
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC)
Port connectors
LED display panel
Console port
The Console port allows you to access the console interface (CI) screens and
customize your network using the supplied menus and screens (see Chapter 3,
“Using the console interface,” on page 87).
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Chapter 1 BayStack 420 Switch 27
The Console port is a DB-9, RS-232-D male serial port connector. You can use
this connector to connect a management station or console/terminal to the
BayStack 420 Switch by using a straight-through DB-9 to DB-9 standard serial
port cable. You must use a VT100/ANSI-compatible terminal (for cursor control
Note: The console port is configured as a data communications
equipment (DCE) connector. Ensure that your RS-232 cable pinouts are
configured for DCE connections (see Appendix D, “Connectors and pin
assignments,” on page 195).
The Console port default settings are: 9600 baud with eight data bits, one stop bit,
and no parity as the communications format, with flow control set to enabled.
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC)
Gigabit Interface Converters (GBICs) are hot-swappable input/output
enhancement components designed for use with Nortel Networks products to
allow Gigabit Ethernet ports to link with fiber optic networks.
Port connectors
The BayStack 420 Switch uses 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX RJ-45 (8-pin modular)
port connectors.
The 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX port connectors are configured as MDI-X
to the network interface card (NIC) in a node or server, similar to a conventional
Ethernet repeater hub. If you are connecting to an Ethernet hub or Ethernet switch,
use a crossover cable unless an MDI connection exists on the associated port of
the attached device (see “Appendix D, “Connectors and pin assignments,” on
page 195).
The BayStack 420 Switch uses autosensing ports designed to operate at 10 Mb/s
(megabits per second) or at 100 Mb/s, depending on the connecting device. These
ports support the IEEE 802.3u autonegotiation standard, which means that when a
port is connected to another device that also supports the IEEE 802.3u standard,
the two devices negotiate the best speed and duplex mode.
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28 Chapter 1 BayStack 420 Switch
The 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX switch ports also support half- and full-duplex
mode operation (refer to Installing the BayStack 420 10/100/1000 Switch).
The 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX RJ-45 ports can connect to 10 Mb/s or 100 Mb/s
Ethernet segments or nodes.
Note: Use only Category 5 copper unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable
connections when connecting 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX ports.
information about the RJ-45 port connectors.
LED display panel
Figure 3 shows the BayStack 420 Switch LED display panel. See Table 2 for a
description of the LEDs.
Figure 3 BayStack 420 Switch LED display panel
BayStack 420-24T Switch
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
11 13 15 17 19 21 23
10/100 Link Activity
HDX/FDX
Base
12/100 Link Activity
HDX/FDX
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Unit Set
9991EA
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Chapter 1 BayStack 420 Switch 29
Table 2 BayStack 420 Switch LED descriptions
Label
Type
Color
State
Meaning
Power
On
Power status
Green
On
Off
Off
DC power is available to the switch’s internal circuitry.
No AC power to switch or power supply failed.
The switch is in standalone mode.
Cascade Stack mode
Up
Green
On
Off
On
On
Off
The switch is connected to the upstream unit’.
The switch is in standalone mode.
Cascade Stack mode
Down
Green
Green
The switch is connected to the downstream unit.
The switch is configured as the stack base unit.
Base
Base mode
The switch is not configured as the stack base unit (or is
in standalone mode).
Amber
Green
Amber
Due to a stack error, the unit is unable to maintain the
stack connection.
10/100
Link/
10/100 Mb/s
port speed
indicator
On
On
Off
The corresponding port is set to operate at 100 Mb/s, and
the link is good.
The corresponding port is set to operate at 10 Mb/s, and
the link is good.
The link connection is bad, or there is no connection to
this port.
Activity
HD/FD
Port activity
Green Blinking Indicates network activity for the corresponding port. A
high level of network activity can cause the LEDs to
appear to be on continuously.
Duplex Mode
Green On/
Off
The port is configured to full duplex.
The port is configured to half duplex.
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30 Chapter 1 BayStack 420 Switch
Back panel
The switch back panel is shown in Figure 4. Table 3 describes the components on
the back panel.
Figure 4 BayStack 420 Switch back panel
1
2
Cascade
100-240 V-
50-60Hz 2A
Out
In
9992EA
Table 3 Components on the BayStack 420 Switch back panel
Item
Description
1
2
AC power receptacle
Cascade Up and Down Connectors
Cascade Up and Down connectors
The Cascade Up and Down connectors allow the switch to be connected to the
upstream unit’s Cascade Up connector, or to the downstream unit’s Cascade
Cooling fans
Two cooling fans are located on one side of the BayStack 420 Switch to provide
cooling for the internal components. (See Figure 1 on page 25.) When you install
the switch, be sure to allow enough space on both sides of the switch for adequate
air flow. See Installing the BayStack 420 10/100/1000 Switch for detailed
information.
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Chapter 1 BayStack 420 Switch 31
AC power receptacle
The AC power receptacle accepts the AC power cord (supplied). For installation
outside of North America, make sure that you have the proper power cord for your
region. Any cord used must have a CEE-22 standard V female connector on one
end and must meet the IEC 320-030 specifications. Table 4 lists specifications for
international power cords.
Table 4 International power cord specifications
Country/Plug description
Specifications
Typical plug
Continental Europe:
220 or 230 VAC
50 Hz
Single phase
•
•
CEE7 standard VII male plug
Harmonized cord (HAR marking
on the outside of the cord jacket
to comply with the CENELEC
Harmonized Document HD-21)
228FA
U.S./Canada/Japan:
100 or 120 VAC
50–60 Hz
Single phase
•
•
NEMA5-15P male plug
UL recognized (UL stamped
on cord jacket)
•
CSA certified (CSA label
secured to the cord)
227FA
United Kingdom:
240 VAC
50 Hz
Single phase
•
•
BS1363 male plug with fuse
Harmonized cord
229FA
Australia:
AS3112-1981 Male plug
240 VAC
50 Hz
Single phase
•
230FA
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32 Chapter 1 BayStack 420 Switch
Caution: Please read immediately.
Inspect this power cord and determine if it provides the proper plug and is
appropriately certified for use with your electrical system. Immediately discard this
cord if it is inappropriate for your country’s electrical system and obtain the proper
cord as required by your national electrical codes or ordinances.
Refer to this product’s technical documentation for detailed installation procedures to
be followed by qualified service personnel.
Vorsicht: Bitte sofort lesen.
Sehen Sie nach, ob dieses Netzkabel über den richtigen Stecker verfügt und für die
Verwendung in Ihrem Stromversogungsnetz zertifiziert ist. Falls dieses Kabel nicht für
das Stromversorgungsnetz in Ihrem Land geeignet ist, darf es nicht verwendet werden.
Besorgen Sie sich ein Kabel, das die Vorschriften der Zulassungsbehörden in Ihrem
Land erfüllt.
Die technische Dokumentation dieses Produkts enthält ausführliche
Installationsanweisungen, die nur von qualifiziertem Kundendienstpersonal
ausgeführt werden dürfen.
Attention: Lisez ceci immédiatement.
Examinez ce cordon d'alimentation pour déterminer s'il dispose de la fiche appropriée
et s'il est bien agréé pour utilisation sur votre installation électrique.
Débarrassez-vous en immédiatement s'il ne convient pas à l'utilisation sur le secteur
électrique en usage dans votre pays et procurez-vous un cordon conforme à la
réglementation nationale en vigueur.
Reportez-vous à la documentation technique de ce produit pour obtenir des
instructions détaillées d'installation, destinées à un technicien qualifié.
Attenzione: Leggere attentamente.
Controllare questo cavo di alimentazione, verificarne il collegamento con la presa
appropriata nonché la certificazione per l'uso nell'impianto elettrico posseduto. Non
utilizzare assolutamente in caso tale cavo non sia adatto al sistema elettrico del paese
in cui viene utilizzato e richiederne un altro certificato dall'ente nazionale di fornitura
elettrica.
Per le procedure di installazione che devono essere seguite dal personale di servizio,
consultare questa documentazione tecnica del prodotto.
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Chapter 1 BayStack 420 Switch 33
Advertencia: Sírvase leer inmediatamente.
Inspeccione este cable de alimentación eléctrica y determine si viene con el enchufe
apropiado y está debidamente certificado para el uso con su sistema eléctrico. Si no
cumple con los reglamentos del sistema eléctrico de su país, despójese de este cable de
alimentación inmediatamente y obtenga el cable requerido, según las ordenanzas y
códigos eléctricos nacionales.
Refiérase a la documentación técnica de este producto para recibir información
detallada sobre los procedimientos que el personal calificado de reparaciones deberá
seguir.
Caution:
Warning: Removal of the power cord is the only way to turn off power to this
device. The power cord must always be connected in a location that can be
accessed quickly and safely in case of an emergency.
Vorsicht: Die Stromzufuhr zu diesem Gerät kann nur durch Ziehen des
Netzstromkabels unterbrochen werden. Die Netzsteckdose, an die das
Netzstromkabel angeschlossen ist, muß sich stets an einem Ort befinden, der
bei einem Notfall schnell und einfach zugänglich ist.
Avertissement: Le débranchement du cordon d'alimentation constitue le
seul moyen de mettre cet appareil hors tension. Le cordon d'alimentation doit
donc toujours être branché dans une prise accessible pour faciliter la mise hors
tension en cas d'urgence.
Advertencia: La única forma de desconectar la alimentación de este
dispositivo es desenchufar el cable de alimentación. El cable de alimentación
siempre debe estar conectado en una ubicación que permita acceder al cable de
forma rápida y segura en caso de emergencia.
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34 Chapter 1 BayStack 420 Switch
Avvertenza: Estrarre il cavo di alimentazione è l'unico sistema per spegnere
il dispositivo. Il cavo di alimentazione deve essere sempre collegato in una
posizione che permetta l'accesso facile e sicuro in caso di emergenza.
Features
The BayStack 420 Switch provides wire-speed switching that allows
high-performance, low-cost connections to full-duplex and half-duplex
10/100/1000 Mb/s Ethernet local area networks (LANs). The BayStack 420
Switch provides the following features.
Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs)
In a traditional shared-media network, traffic generated by a station is transmitted
to all other stations on the local segment. Therefore, for any given station on the
shared Ethernet, the local segment is the collision domain because traffic on the
segment has the potential to cause an Ethernet collision. The local segment is also
the broadcast domain because any broadcast is sent to all stations on the local
segment. Although Ethernet switches and bridges divide a network into smaller
collision domains, they do not affect the broadcast domain. In simple terms, a
virtual local area network provides a mechanism to fine-tune broadcast domains.
Your BayStack 420 Switch allows you to create port-based VLANs:
•
IEEE 802.1Q port-based VLANs
A port-based VLAN is a VLAN in which the ports are explicitly configured to
be in the VLAN. When you create a port-based VLAN, you assign a Port
VLAN Identifier (PVID) and specify which ports belong to the VLAN. The
PVID is used to coordinate VLANs across multiple switches.
•
Auto PVID
When Auto PVID is active, a port that is assigned to a numbered VLAN has
the same number for its PVID. For example, if the VLAN is 2, the PVID is 2.
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Chapter 1 BayStack 420 Switch 35
Security
The BayStack 420 Switch security features provide two levels of security for your
local area network (LAN):
•
•
user authentication
MAC address-based security—limits access to the switch based on allowed
source MAC addresses
Figure 5 shows a typical campus configuration using the BayStack 420 Switch
security features. This example assumes that the switch, the teachers’ offices and
classrooms, and the library are physically secured. The student dormitory may (or
may not be) physically secure.
Figure 5 BayStack 420 Switch security feature
RADIUS server
To Network
Center
RADIUS-based
security
Switch
Teachers’ offices
and classrooms
Student Dormitory
Legend
Library
= Secure locked area
BS45077B
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36 Chapter 1 BayStack 420 Switch
The switch
•
switch through user authentication (see “RADIUS-based network
security” on page 37).
— MAC address-based security is used to allow up to 448 authorized
stations (MAC addresses) access to one or more switch ports
(see “MAC address-based security” on page 37).
— The switch is located in a locked closet, accessible only by authorized
Technical Services personnel.
•
•
Student dormitory
Dormitory rooms are typically occupied by two students and have been
prewired with two RJ-45 jacks. Only students who are authorized (as
specified by the MAC address-based security feature) can access the switch
on the secured ports.
Teachers’ offices and classrooms
The PCs that are located in the teachers’ offices and in the classrooms are
assigned MAC address-based security that is specific for each classroom and
office location. The security feature logically locks each wall jack to the
specified station and prevents unauthorized access to the switch should
someone attempt to connect a personal laptop PC into the wall jack. The
printer is assigned as a single station and is allowed full bandwidth on that
switch port.
It is assumed that all PCs are password protected and that the classrooms and
offices are physically secured.
•
Library
The wall jacks in the library are set up so that the PCs can be connected to any
wall jack in the room. This arrangement allows the PCs to be moved
anywhere in the room. The exception is the printer, which is assigned as a
single station with full bandwidth to that port.
It is assumed that all PCs are password protected and that access to the library
is physically secured.
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Chapter 1 BayStack 420 Switch 37
RADIUS-based network security
The RADIUS-based security feature allows you to set up network access control,
using the RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Services) security
protocol. The RADIUS-based security feature uses the RADIUS protocol to
authenticate local console and Telnet logins.
You will need to set up specific user accounts (user names and passwords, and
Service-Type attributes) on your RADIUS server before the authentication
process can be initiated. To provide each user with appropriate levels of access to
the switch, set the following username attributes on your RADIUS server:
•
•
Read-write access—Set the Service-Type field value to Administrative.
Read-only access—Set the Service-Type field value to NAS-Prompt.
For detailed instructions to set up your RADIUS server, refer to your RADIUS
server documentation.
For instructions to use the console interface (CI) to set up the RADIUS-based
security feature, see Chapter 3, “Using the console interface,” on page 87.
MAC address-based security
The MAC address-based security feature allows you to set up network access
control, based on source MAC addresses of authorized stations.
You can:
•
•
Create a list of up to 448 MAC addresses and specify which addresses are
authorized to connect to your switch or stack configuration. The 448 MAC
distributed in any order among the units in a single stack configuration.
Specify which of your switch ports each MAC address is allowed to access.
The options for allowed port access include: NONE, ALL, and single or
multiple ports that are specified in a list, for example, 1/1-4,1/6,2/9 (see “Port
list syntax” on page 115).
•
Specify optional actions to be exercised by your switch if the software detects
a security violation.
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38 Chapter 1 BayStack 420 Switch
The response can be to send a trap, turn on destination address (DA) filtering,
disable the specific port, or any combination of these three options.
The MAC address-based security feature is based on Nortel Networks BaySecure
LAN Access for Ethernet, a real-time security system that safeguards Ethernet
networks from unauthorized surveillance and intrusion.
For instructions to use the console interface (CI) to set up the RADIUS-based
security feature, see Chapter 3, “Using the console interface,” on page 87.
Flash memory storage
The BayStack 420 Switch uses flash memory to store the switch software image.
The flash memory allows you to update the software image with a newer version
without changing the switch hardware (see “Software Download screen” on
page 166). An in-band connection between the switch and the TFTP load host is
required to download the software image.
Configuration parameters storage
All configuration parameters are stored in flash memory. These parameters are
updated every 10 seconds (if a change occurs) or whenever a reset command is
executed.
Warning: Do not power off the switch within 10 seconds of changing
any configuration parameters. Powering down the switch within 10
seconds of changing configuration parameters can cause the changed
configuration parameters to be lost.
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Chapter 1 BayStack 420 Switch 39
MultiLink Trunking
The MultiLink Trunking feature allows you to group multiple ports, two to four
together, when forming a link to another switch or server, thus increasing
aggregate throughput of the interconnection between two devices, up to 800 Mb/s
in full-duplex mode. The BayStack 420 Switch can be configured with up to six
MultiLink Trunks in a stack. The trunk members can only be configured within a
single unit in the stack.
For more information about the MultiLink Trunking feature, see “MultiLink
Trunk Configuration Menu screen” on page 133.
Port mirroring (conversation steering)
The port mirroring feature (sometimes referred to as conversation steering) allows
can specify port-based monitoring for ingress to a specific port. You can also
attach a probe device (such as a Nortel Networks StackProbe, or equivalent) to the
designated monitor port.
For more information about the port mirroring feature, see “Port Mirroring
Configuration screen” on page 139.
Autosensing, autonegotiation, and autopolarity
The BayStack 420 switches are autosensing and autonegotiating devices:
•
•
The term autosense refers to a port’s ability to sense the speed of an attached
device.
The term autonegotiation refers to a standardized protocol (IEEE 802.3u) that
exists between two IEEE 802.3u-capable devices. Autonegotiation allows the
switch to select the best of both speed and duplex modes.
•
The term autopolarity refers to automatic detection of transmit and receive
twisted pairs.
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40 Chapter 1 BayStack 420 Switch
Autosensing is used when the attached device is not capable of autonegotiation or
is using a form of autonegotiation that is not compatible with the IEEE 802.3u
autonegotiation standard. In this case, because it is not possible to sense the
duplex mode of the attached device, the BayStack 420 Switch reverts to
half-duplex mode.
When autonegotiation-capable devices are attached to the BayStack 420 Switch,
the ports negotiate down from 100 Mb/s speed and full-duplex mode until the
attached device acknowledges a supported speed and duplex mode.
Autpolarity detects receive and transmit twisted pairs automatically. When
autopolarity is active, any straight or crossover category 5 cable can be used to
provide connection to a port. If the port is set to a fixed configuration, then
autopolarity is not active.
For more information about autosensing and autonegotiation modes, see
Chapter 4, “Troubleshooting,” on page 173.
RFCs
For more information about networking concepts, protocols, and topologies,
consult the following RFCs:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
RFC 1213 (MIB-II)
RFC 1493 (Bridge MIB)
RFC 1573 (Interface MIB)
RFC 1643 (Ethernet MIB)
RFC 1757 (RMON)
RFC 1271 (RMON)
RFC 1157 (SNMP)
Standards
The following IEEE Standards also contain information germane to the BayStack
420 Switch:
•
•
•
IEEE 802.1D (Standard for Spanning Tree Protocol)
IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet)
IEEE 802.1Q (VLAN Tagging)
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Chapter 1 BayStack 420 Switch 41
SNMP MIB support
The BayStack 420 Switch supports an SNMP agent with industry standard MIBs,
as well as private MIB extensions, which ensures compatibility with existing
network management tools. The switch supports the MIB-II (RFC 1213), Bridge
MIB (RFC 1493), and the RMON MIB (RFC 1757), which provide access to
detailed management statistics. With SNMP management, you can configure
SNMP traps (on individual ports) to generate automatically for conditions such as
an unauthorized access attempt or changes in a port’s operating status. Table 5
lists supported SNMP MIBs.
Table 5 SNMP MIB support
Application
Standard MIBs
Proprietary MIBs
S5 Chassis MIB
S5 Agent MIB
RMON
s5cha127.mib
s5age140.mib
rfc1757.mib
MLT
rcMLT
SNMPv3 MIBs
RFCs 2571, 2572,
2573, 2574, 2575,
2576
MIB2
rfc1213.mib
rfc2233.mib
rfc1643.mib
IF-MIB
Etherlike MIB
Interface Extension MIB
Switch Bay Secure
System Log MIB
S5 Autotopology MIB
VLAN
s5ifx100.mib
s5sbs102.mib
bnlog.mib
s5emt104.mib
rcVlan
Entity MIB
RFC 2037
Spanning Tree
RFC1493 Bridge
MIB
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42 Chapter 1 BayStack 420 Switch
SNMP trap support
The BayStack 420 Switch supports an SNMP agent with industry standard
SNMPv1 traps, as well as private SNMPv1 trap extensions (Table 6).
Table 6 Support SNMP traps
Trap name
Configurable
Sent when
RFC 1215 (industry standard):
linkUp
Per port
A port’s link state changes to up.
A port’s link state changes to down.
There is an SNMP authentication failure.
The system is powered on.
linkDown
Per port
authenticationFailure
coldStart
System wide
Always on
Always on
warmStart
The system restarts due to a management
reset.
s5CtrMIB (Nortel proprietary traps):
s5CtrUnitUp
Always on
A unit is added to an operational stack.
s5CtrUnitDown
s5CtrHotSwap
Always on
Always on
A unit is removed from an operational stack.
A unit is hot-swapped in an operational
stack.
s5CtrProblem
Always on
Always on
An assigned base unit fails.
s5EtrSbsMacAccessViolation
A MAC address violation is detected.
BootP automatic IP configuration/MAC address
The BayStack 420 Switch has a unique 48-bit hardware address, or MAC address,
that is printed on a label on the back panel. You use this MAC address when you
configure the network BootP server to recognize the BayStack 420 Switch BootP
requests. A properly configured BootP server enables the switch to automatically
learn its assigned IP address, subnet mask, IP address of the default router (default
For information on a stack MAC address, see “Stack MAC address” on page 50.
For more information and an example of a BootP configuration file, see
Appendix F, “Sample BootP configuration file,” on page 207.
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Chapter 1 BayStack 420 Switch 43
Configuration and switch management
The BayStack 420 Switch is shipped directly from the factory ready to operate in
any 10BASE-T or 100BASE-TX standard network.
You must assign an IP address to the switch or stack, depending on the mode of
operation. You can set both addresses by using the console port or BootP, which
resides on the switch. You can manage the switch using:
•
•
Console interface
or remotely. Access the CI menus and screens locally through a console
terminal attached to your BayStack 420 Switch, remotely through a dial-up
modem connection, or in-band through a Telnet session.
For information about the console interface, see Chapter 3, “Using the
console interface,” on page 87.
Web-based management
You can manage the network from the World Wide Web. Access the
Web-based graphical user interface (GUI) through the Embedded Web Server
(EWS), the HTML-based browser located on your network. The GUI allows
you to configure, monitor, and maintain your network through Web browsers.
You can also download software using the Web.
For information about Web-based management, refer to Using Web-Based
Management for the BayStack 420 10/100/1000 Switch.
•
Java-based Device Manager
Device Manager is a Java-based set of graphical network management
applications used to configure and manage a BayStack 420 Switch. See
Reference for the BayStack 420 10/100/1000 Switch Management Software
for more information.
•
•
Any generic SNMP-based network management software.
You can use any generic SNMP-based network management software to
configure and manage a BayStack 420 Switch.
Nortel Networks Optivity* network management software
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44 Chapter 1 BayStack 420 Switch
Optivity network management software consists of views, most of which are
maps that illustrate the interconnections between the segments, rings, and
nodes of your network. The views allow you to analyze network performance
and fault conditions on the individual segments and specific areas in your
network. They can also alert you when a problem has occurred in a specific
location. For further information about Optivity, contact your Nortel
Networks sales representative.
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45
Chapter 2
Network configuration
Use BayStack 420 switches to connect workstations, personal computers (PCs),
and servers to each other by connecting these devices directly to the switch,
(VLAN) through the switch.
This chapter describes the following topics:
•
•
•
•
•
“Network configuration examples,” next
“BayStack 420 Switch stack operation” on page 49
“IEEE 802.1Q VLAN workgroups” on page 54
“MultiLink Trunks” on page 70
“Port mirroring” on page 85
Network configuration examples
applications. The examples are:
•
•
•
Desktop switch application (next)
High-density switched workgroup application (page 48)
Desktop switch application
Figure 6 shows a BayStack 420 Switch used as a desktop switch, where desktop
workstations are connected directly to switch ports.
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46 Chapter 2 Network configuration
Figure 6 BayStack 420 Switch used as a desktop switch
Before
After
BayStack 420
10BASE-T hub
Up to 24 users
Up to 24 users
To
To
Network
Center
Network
Center
Key
10 Mb/s
100 Mb/s
1000 Mb/s
- 23 users share 10 Mb/s (10/24 Mb/s per user)
- Network center bottleneck (10 Mb/s bandwidth)
- 24 users; each with dedicated 100 Mb/s bandwidth
- Network center with dedicated 1 Gb/s full-duplex
bandwith
9996EA
Segment switch application
Figure 7 shows a BayStack 420 Switch used as a segment switch to alleviate user
contention for bandwidth and eliminate server and network bottlenecks. Before
segmentation, 88 users had a total bandwidth of only 10 Mb/s available. After
segmentation, 92 users have 40 Mb/s, four times the previous bandwidth, while
adding 22 dedicated 100 Mb/s connections. This configuration can be extended to
add more segments without degrading performance.
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Chapter 2 Network configuration 47
Figure 7 BayStack 420 Switch used as a segment switch
Server
After
Before
BayStack 420
10BASE-T hubs
Up to 20
users
Server
Up to 23
users
Up to 23
users
Up to 23
users
To
Network
Center
To
Network
Center
Up to
88 users
Key
10 Mb/s
100 Mb/s
1000 Mb/s
- 88 users share 10 Mb/s (10/88 Mb/s per user)
- Server bottleneck (10 Mb/s bandwidth)
- Network center bottleneck (10 Mb/s bandwidth)
-Total of 88 users
- Three sets of 23 users; each set shares 10 Mb/s
(10/23 Mb/s per user)
- Addition of 21 users; each with dedicated
100 Mb/s bandwidth
- Server with dedicated 100 Mb/s bandwidth
- Network center with dedicated 1 Gb/s full-duplex bandwidth
- Total of 89 users
9997EA
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48 Chapter 2 Network configuration
High-density switched workgroup application
(gigabit) connection to a Nortel Networks Passport* 1100 switch. BayStack 303
and BayStack 304 switches are also shown in this example of a high-density
switched workgroup.
As shown in Figure 8, the Passport 1100 switch is used as a backbone switch,
connecting to the BayStack 420 Switch with an optional (1000BASE-SX) GBIC
for maximum bandwidth. The BayStack 303 and BayStack 304 switches have 100
Mb/s connections to the BayStack 420 Switch, a 100BASE-TX hub, and a 100
Mb/s server as well as 10 Mb/s connections to DTE (data terminal equipment).
documentation for online documentation about the Nortel Networks Passport
1100 switch and the BayStack 303 and BayStack 304 switches.
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Chapter 2 Network configuration 49
Figure 8 Configuring power workgroups and a shared media hub
BayStack
420
F
BayStack 303
switch
Passport 1100 switch
Key
Server
BayStack 304
switch
10 Mb/s
100 Mb/s
1000 Mb/s
(Gigabit)
9998EB
BayStack 420 Switch stack operation
You can connect up to eight BayStack 420 switches to provide uninterrupted
connectivity for up to 192 ports. The entire stack is manageable as a single unit.
Unit Select switch
The Unit Select push-button switch (in = Base) determines the base unit for the
stack configuration (see “Base unit” on page 50). The Unit Select switch status is
displayed on the BayStack 420 Switch LED display panel. When the Unit Select
switch is in the Base (in) position, all other Unit Select switches in the stack
configuration must be set to Off (out).
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50 Chapter 2 Network configuration
Base unit
The base unit is the unique stack unit that you configure with the Unit Select
switch on the front panel. One BayStack 420 Switch in the stack must be
configured as the base unit; all other units in the stack must have their Unit Select
switch set to Off (see “Unit select switch” on page 49). You can assign any single
BayStack 420 Switch as the base unit.
The physical ordering of all of the other units in the stack is determined by the
position of the base unit within the stack. This is important for network
management applications that view the physical ordering of the units within the
stack.
Some characteristics of the base unit are described in the following sections.
Initial installation
the physical order of all units in the stack according to the position of the base unit
within the stack. Thereafter, the individual units maintain their original unit
numbering, even if you change the position of one or more units in the stack (you
can renumber the units using the Renumber Stack Units screen; see “Renumber
Stack Units screen” on page 154).
For example, when you initially power up the stack, the base unit becomes unit 1
and the unit that the base unit connects to becomes unit 2 (and the next unit is unit
3 and so on), until the maximum stack configuration (up to 8 units) is reached. If
you change the base unit to another unit in the stack, the new base unit keeps its
original unit number in the stack.
Stack MAC address
When the switch is participating in a stack configuration, a stack MAC address is
automatically assigned during the stack initialization. The base unit’s MAC
address, with a software offset, is used for the stack MAC address.
For example, if the base unit’s MAC address is 00-00-82-99-44-00, and the stack
software offset is 1F, then the stack MAC address becomes:
00-00-82-99-44-1F
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Chapter 2 Network configuration 51
If another unit in the stack is assigned as the base unit, the MAC address of the
new base unit (with offset) now applies to the stack configuration. The original
stack IP address still applies to the new base unit.
Removing a unit from the stack
If a unit is removed from the stack (therefore operating in standalone mode), the
following switch configuration settings revert back to the settings configured
before the unit became a member of the stack:
•
•
•
•
IP address
Console password
Telnet password
SNMP community strings
Stack configurations
As shown in Figure 9, the cable connectors provide the ability to stack up to eight
switches. Because stack parameters are associated with the base unit (see “Base
whether the stack is configured stack up or stack down.
Stack up configurations
In Figure 9, data flows from the base unit (unit 1) to the next switch, which is
assigned as unit 2, and continues until the last switch in the stack is assigned as
unit 8. The physical order of the switches is from bottom to top (unit 1 to unit 8).
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52 Chapter 2 Network configuration
Figure 9 Stack up configuration example
Out
100-240 V-
50-60Hz 2A
Cascade
Cascade
Cascade
Cascade
Cascade
Cascade
Cascade
Cascade
Out
Out
Out
Out
Out
Out
Out
Out
In
In
In
In
In
In
In
In
1
Unit 8
Unit 7
Unit 6
Unit 5
Unit 4
Unit 3
Unit 2
Unit 1
100-240 V-
50-60Hz 2A
100-240 V-
50-60Hz 2A
100-240 V-
50-60Hz 2A
100-240 V-
50-60Hz 2A
100-240 V-
50-60Hz 2A
100-240 V-
50-60Hz 2A
100-240 V-
50-60Hz 2A
2
In
3
4
10001EA
Table 7 describes the stack up configuration illustration references.
Table 7 Stack up configuration description
Item
Description
1
2
3
4
Last unit
Base unit
Stacking cable 30 cm (order number AL 2018005)
Stacking cable 1 m (order number AL 2018006)
Stack down configurations
In Figure 10, data flows from the base unit (unit 1) to the next switch, which is
assigned as unit 2, and continues until the last switch in the stack is assigned as
unit 8. The physical order of the switches is from top to bottom (unit 1 to unit 8).
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Chapter 2 Network configuration 53
Figure 10 Stack down configuration example
In
100-240 V-
50-60Hz 2A
Cascade
Cascade
Cascade
Cascade
Cascade
Cascade
Cascade
Cascade
Out
Out
Out
Out
Out
Out
Out
Out
In
In
In
In
In
In
In
In
1
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
100-240 V-
50-60Hz 2A
100-240 V-
50-60Hz 2A
100-240 V-
50-60Hz 2A
100-240 V-
50-60Hz 2A
100-240 V-
50-60Hz 2A
100-240 V-
50-60Hz 2A
100-240 V-
50-60Hz 2A
2
3
Out
4
10002EA
Table 8 describes the stack down configuration illustration references.
Table 8 Stack down configuration description
Item
Description
1
2
3
4
Base unit
Last unit
Stacking cable 30 cm (order number AL 2018005)
Stacking max-return cable 1 m (part number AL 2018006)
Certain network management station (NMS) applications assume a stack down
configuration for the graphical user interface (GUI) that represents the stack (see
Figure 10). For this reason, Nortel Networks recommends that you always
configure the top unit in the stack as the base unit.
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54 Chapter 2 Network configuration
In any stack configuration, the following applies:
•
•
•
When you apply power to the stack, the base unit initializes and the entire
stack powers up as a single logical unit.
You can attach an RS-232 communications cable to the console port of any
switch in the stack.
You can downline upgrade the entire stack from any switch in the stack from
the console interface, a Telnet session, the Web-based management interface,
or any generic SNMP-based network management software.
•
•
You can access and manage the stack using a Telnet connection, the
Web-based management interface, or any generic SNMP management tool
through any switch port that is part of the stack configuration.
When you stack three or more switches, use the longer (1-meter) stacking
max-return cable to complete the link from the last unit in the stack to the base
unit.
IEEE 802.1Q VLAN workgroups
BayStack 420 switches support up to 32 port-based VLANs with IEEE 802.1Q
tagging available per port. Ports are grouped into broadcast domains by assigning
them to the same VLAN. Frames received in one VLAN can only be forwarded
only to ports in the same VLAN.
Setting up virtual LANs (VLANs) is a way to segment networks to increase
network capacity and performance without changing the physical network
topology (Figure 11). With network segmentation, each switch port connects to a
segment that is a single broadcast domain. When a switch port is configured to be
a member of a VLAN, it is added to a group of ports (workgroup) that belong to
one broadcast domain.
The BayStack 420 Switch allows you to assign ports to VLANs using the console,
Telnet, Web-based management, or an appropriate SNMP-based application. You
can assign different ports (and therefore the devices attached to these ports) to
different broadcast domains. This feature allows network flexibility because you
can reassign VLANs to accommodate network moves, additions, and changes,
eliminating the need to change physical cabling.
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Chapter 2 Network configuration 55
Figure 11 Port-based VLAN example
VLAN 1
VLAN 2
BayStack
420
10004EA
IEEE 802.1Q tagging
BayStack 420 switches operate in accordance with the IEEE 802.1Q tagging
rules. Important terms used with the 802.1Q tagging feature are:
•
VLAN identifier (VID)—the 12-bit portion of the VLAN tag in the frame
header that identifies an explicit VLAN. When other types of VLANs are
enabled, this default value can be overridden by the values enabled in the
Web-based management interface. Refer to Using Web-Based Management
for the BayStack 420 10/100/1000 Switch.
•
•
Port VLAN identifier (PVID)—a classification mechanism that associates a
port with a specific VLAN. For example, a port with a PVID of 3 (PVID =3)
assigns all untagged frames received on this port to VLAN 3.
Tagged frame— the 32-bit field (VLAN tag) in the frame header that
identifies the frame as belonging to a specific VLAN. Untagged frames are
marked (tagged) with this classification as they leave the switch through a
port that is configured as a tagged port.
•
•
Untagged frame— a frame that does not carry any VLAN tagging information
in the frame header.
VLAN port members— a set of ports that form a broadcast domain for a
specific VLAN. A port can be a member of one or more VLANs.
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56 Chapter 2 Network configuration
•
•
•
Untagged member—a port that has been configured as an untagged member
of a specific VLAN. When an untagged frame exits the switch through an
untagged member port, the frame header remains unchanged. When a tagged
frame exits the switch through an untagged member port, the tag is stripped
and the tagged frame is changed to an untagged frame.
Tagged member—a port that has been configured as a member of a specific
VLAN. When an untagged frame exits the switch through a tagged member
port, the frame header is modified to include the 32-bit tag associated with the
PVID. When a tagged frame exits the switch through a tagged member port,
the frame header remains unchanged (original VID remains).
User priority—a three-bit field in the header of a tagged frame. The field is
interpreted as a binary number, therefore has a value of 0 - 7. This field allows
the tagged frame to carry the user-priority across bridged LANs where the
individual LAN segments may be unable to signal priority information.
•
•
Port priority—the priority level assigned to untagged frames received on a
port. This value becomes the user priority for the frame. Tagged packets get
their user priority from the value contained in the 802.1Q frame header.
Unregistered packet—a tagged frame that contains a VID where the receiving
port is not a member of that VLAN.
The default configuration settings for BayStack 420 switches have all ports set as
untagged members of VLAN 1 with all ports configured as PVID = 1. Every
VLAN is assigned a unique VLAN identifier (VID) that distinguishes it from all
other VLANs. In the default configuration example shown in Figure 12, all
incoming packets are assigned to VLAN 1 by the default port VLAN identifier
(PVID =1). Untagged packets enter and leave the switch unchanged.
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Chapter 2 Network configuration 57
Figure 12 Default VLAN settings
802.1Q Switch
VLAN 1
Port 1
Port 2
Port 3
Port 4
Port 5
Port 6
Port 7
Port 8
PVID = 1
DA
SA
CRC
Data
Incoming
untagged
packet
Outgoing
untagged packet
(unchanged)
Data
CRC
SA
DA
Key
By default:
All ports are assigned PVID = 1
All ports are untagged members of VLAN 1
BS45010A
When you configure VLANs, you configure the switch ports as tagged or
untagged members of specific VLANs (see Figure 13 through Figure 21).
In Figure 12, untagged incoming packets are assigned directly to VLAN 2
(PVID = 2). Port 5 is configured as a tagged member of VLAN 2, and port 7
is configured as an untagged member of VLAN 2.
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58 Chapter 2 Network configuration
Figure 13 Port-based VLAN assignment
Port 1
Port 2
Port 3
Tagged member
of VLAN 2
PVID = 2
Untagged packet
802.1Q Switch
CRC Data SA DA
Before
Port 6
Port 7
Port 8
Untagged member
of VLAN 2
BS45011A
As shown in Figure 14, the untagged packet is marked (tagged) as it leaves the
switch through port 5, which is configured as a tagged member of VLAN 2. The
untagged packet remains unchanged as it leaves the switch through port 7, which
is configured as an untagged member of VLAN 2.
Figure 14 802.1Q tagging (after port-based VLAN assignment)
Tagged member
of VLAN 2
PVID = 2
Port 1
Port 2
Port 3
802.1Q Switch
CRC* Data Tag SA DA
(*Recalculated)
Port 6
Port 7
CRC
Data
Port 8
8100 Priority CFI VID = 2
Untagged member
of VLAN 2
16 bits 3 bits 1 bits 12 bits
After
SA
DA
Outgoing
untagged packet
(unchanged)
Key
Priority - User_priority
CFI
VID
- Canonical format indicator
- VLAN identifier
BS45012A
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Chapter 2 Network configuration 59
In Figure 15, tagged incoming packets are assigned directly to VLAN 2 because
of the tag assignment in the packet. Port 5 is configured as a tagged member of
VLAN 2, and port 7 is configured as an untagged member of VLAN 2.
Figure 15 802.1Q tag assignment
Port 1
Port 2
Port 3
Tagged member
of VLAN 2
PVID = 2
Tagged packet
802.1Q Switch
CRC Data
Tag SA DA
Before
Port 7
Port 8
Untagged member
of VLAN 2
BS45013A
As shown in Figure 16, the tagged packet remains unchanged as it leaves the
switch through port 5, which is configured as a tagged member of VLAN 2.
However, the tagged packet is stripped (untagged) as it leaves the switch through
port 7, which is configured as an untagged member of VLAN 2.
Figure 16 802.1Q tagging (after 802.1Q tag assignment)
PVID = 2
Tagged member
of VLAN 2
Port 1
Port 2
Port 3
802.1Q Switch
CRC Data Tag SA DA
Port 6
Port 7
Port 8
8100 Priority CFI VID = 2
Untagged member
of VLAN 2
(*Recalculated)
CRC*
Data
16 bits 3 bits 1 bit 12 bits
After
Outgoing
untagged packet
changed
SA
DA
Key
Priority - User_priority
(tag removed)
CFI
VID
- Canonical format indicator
- VLAN identifier
BS45014A
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60 Chapter 2 Network configuration
VLANs spanning multiple switches
You can use VLANs to segment a network within a switch. When you connect
multiple switches, it is possible to connect users of one VLAN with users of that
same VLAN in another switch. However, the configuration guidelines depend on
whether both switches support 802.1Q tagging.
With 802.1Q tagging enabled on a port for a VLAN, all frames leaving the port
for that VLAN are marked as belonging to that specific VLAN. You can assign
switches, without interfering with the Spanning Tree Protocol.
VLANs spanning multiple 802.1Q tagged switches
Figure 17 shows VLANs spanning two BayStack 420 switches. The 802.1Q
tagging is enabled on S1, port 2 and on S2, port 1 for VLAN 1 and VLAN 2. Both
ports are tagged members of VLAN 1 and VLAN 2.
Figure 17 VLANs spanning multiple 802.1Q tagged switches
VLAN 1
VLAN 2
BayStack
420
S1
Both ports are tagged
members of VLAN 1
and VLAN 2
BayStack
420
S2
9799EB
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Chapter 2 Network configuration 61
Because there is only one link between the two switches, the Spanning Tree
Protocol (STP) treats this configuration as any other switch-to-switch connection.
tagging protocol.
VLANS spanning multiple untagged switches
Figure 18 shows VLANs spanning multiple untagged switches. In this
configuration, Switch S2 does not support 802.1Q tagging and you must use a
single switch port on each switch for each VLAN.
For this configuration to work properly, you must set spanning tree participation
to Disabled (the STP is not supported across multiple LANs).
Figure 18 VLANs spanning multiple untagged switches
VLAN 1
VLAN 2
S1
BayStack 420
Untagged ports
S2
Non-802.1Q
tagging switch
10005EA
When the STP is enabled on these switches, only one link between each pair of
switches will be forwarding traffic. Because each port belongs to only one VLAN
at a time, connectivity on the other VLAN is lost. Exercise care when configuring
the switches to ensure that the VLAN configuration does not conflict with
spanning tree configuration.
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62 Chapter 2 Network configuration
To connect multiple VLANs across switches with redundant links, you must
disable the STP on all participating switch ports. Figure 19 shows possible
consequences of enabling the STP when using VLANs between untagged
(non-802.1Q tagged) switches.
Figure 19 Possible problems with VLANs and Spanning Tree Protocol
Station A
BayStack
420
S1
VLAN 1
VLAN 2
No
Forwarding
Blocking
Communications
BayStack
420
S2
VLAN 1
VLAN 2
Station B
10006EA
As shown in Figure 19, with STP enabled, only one connection between Switch
S1 and Switch S2 is forwarding at any time. Communications failure occurs
between VLAN 2 of S1 and VLAN 2 of S2, blocking communications between
Stations A and B.
The STP selects the link connecting VLAN 1 on Switches S1 and S2 as the
forwarding link based on port speed, duplex-mode, and port priority. Because the
other link connecting VLAN 2 is in Blocking mode, stations on VLAN 2 in
Switch S1 cannot communicate with stations in VLAN 2 on Switch S2. With
multiple links only one link will be forwarding.
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Chapter 2 Network configuration 63
Shared servers
BayStack 420 switches allow ports to exist in multiple VLANs for shared
resources, such as servers, printers, and switch-to-switch connections. It is also
possible to have resources exist in multiple VLANs on one switch as shown in
Figure 20.
In this example, clients on different broadcast domains share resources. The
broadcasts from ports configured in VLAN 3 can be seen by all VLAN port
members of VLAN 3.
Figure 20 Multiple VLANs sharing resources
BayStack 420
S1
V2
V1
V2
V2
V1
V3
Key
VLAN 1 (PVID=1)
VLAN 2 (PVID=2)
VLAN 3 (PVID=3)
10007EA
In the above configuration, all of the switch ports are set to participate as VLAN
port members. This arrangement allows the switch to establish the appropriate
broadcast domains within the switch (Figure 21).
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64 Chapter 2 Network configuration
Figure 21 VLAN broadcast domains within the switch
S1
VLAN 3
VLAN 2
VLAN 1
Port 2
PVID = 2
Port 4
Port 10
Port 8
PVID = 3
Port 6
PVID = 1
Port 11
V2
V2
V2
V1
V2
V3
Key
VLAN 1 (PVID = 1)
VLAN 2 (PVID = 2)
VLAN 3 (PVID = 3)
BS45019A
For example, to create a broadcast domain for each VLAN shown in Figure 21,
configure each VLAN with a port membership, and each port with the appropriate
PVID/VLAN association:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Ports 8, 6, and 11 are untagged members of VLAN 1.
The PVID/VLAN association for ports 6 and 11 is: PVID = 1.
Ports 2, 4, 10, and 8 are untagged members of VLAN 2.
The PVID/VLAN association for ports 2, 4, and 10 is: PVID = 2.
Ports 2, 4, 10, 8, 6, and 11 are untagged members of VLAN 3.
The PVID/VLAN association for port 8 is: PVID = 3.
The following steps show how to use the VLAN configuration screens to
configure the VLAN 3 broadcast domain shown in Figure 21.
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Chapter 2 Network configuration 65
To configure the VLAN port membership for VLAN 1:
1
2
3
Select Switch Configuration from the BayStack 420 Switch Main Menu
(or press w).
From the Switch Configuration Menu, select VLAN Configuration
(or press v).
From the VLAN Configuration Menu select VLAN Configuration
(or press v).
The default VLAN Configuration screen opens (Figure 22).
Figure 22 Default VLAN Configuration screen example
The VLAN Configuration screen settings shown in Figure 22 are default settings
with all switch ports classified as untagged members of VLAN 1.
Figure 23 shows the VLAN Configuration screen after it is configured to support
the VLAN 3 broadcast domain shown in Figure 21 on page 64 (VLAN Name is
optional).
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66 Chapter 2 Network configuration
Ports 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 11 are now untagged members of VLAN 3 as shown in
Figure 21 on page 64.
Figure 23 VLAN Configuration screen example
To configure the PVID (port VLAN identifier) for port 8:
1
2
From the VLAN Configuration screen, press [Ctrl]-R to return to the VLAN
Configuration Menu.
From the VLAN Configuration Menu, select VLAN Port Configuration
(or press c).
The default VLAN Port Configuration screen opens (Figure 24).
The VLAN Port Configuration screen settings shown in Figure 24 are default
settings.
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Chapter 2 Network configuration 67
Figure 24 Default VLAN Port Configuration screen example
Figure 25 shows the VLAN Port Configuration screen after it is configured to
support the PVID assignment for port 8, as shown in Figure 21 on page 64 (Port
Name is optional).
The PVID/VLAN association for VLAN 3 is now PVID = 3.
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68 Chapter 2 Network configuration
Figure 25 VLAN Port Configuration screen example
VLAN workgroup summary
This section summarizes the VLAN workgroup examples discussed in the
previous sections of this chapter.
As shown in Figure 26, Switch S1 (BayStack 420 Switch) is configured with
multiple VLANs:
•
•
•
Ports 1, 6, 11, and 12 are in VLAN 1.
Port 8 is in VLAN 3.
Because S4 does not support 802.1Q tagging, a single switch port on each switch
switches” on page 61).
The connection to S2 requires only one link between the switches because S1 and
S2 are both BayStack 420 switches that support 802.1Q tagging (see “VLANs
spanning multiple 802.1Q tagged switches” on page 60).
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Chapter 2 Network configuration 69
Figure 26 VLAN configuration spanning multiple switches
BayStack
420
Non-802.1Q
tagging switch
S2
S4
Both ports are tagged
members of VLAN 1
and VLAN 2
Untagged ports
(STP disabled)
BayStack
420
S1
V1
Non-802.1Q
tagging switch
S3
V2
V2
V2
V1
V3
Key
VLAN 1 (PVID=1)
VLAN 2 (PVID=2)
VLAN 3 (PVID=3)
10008EA
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70 Chapter 2 Network configuration
VLAN configuration rules
VLANs operate according to specific configuration rules. When creating VLANs,
consider the following rules that determine how the configured VLAN reacts in
any network topology:
•
All ports that are involved in port mirroring must have memberships in the
same VLANs. If a port is configured for port mirroring, the port’s VLAN
membership cannot be changed.
•
•
If a port is a trunk group member, all trunk members are added or deleted
from the VLAN.
All ports involved in trunking and port mirroring must have the same VLAN
configuration. If a port is on a trunk with a mirroring port, the VLAN
•
Auto PVID can be activated by creating a VLAN and enabling Auto PVID for
it.
For more information about configuring VLANs, see “VLAN Configuration
Menu screen” on page 120.
See also Appendix C, “Quick configuration for MultiLink Trunking,” on page 193
for configuration flowcharts that can help you use this feature.
MultiLink Trunks
MultiLink Trunks allow you to group from two to four switch ports together to
form a link to another switch or server, thus increasing aggregate throughput of
the interconnection between the devices (up to 800 Mb/s in full-duplex mode).
You can configure up to six MultiLink Trunks. The trunk members can only reside
trunk links and redirects traffic on the misconfigured or broken trunk link to other
You can use the Trunk Configuration screen to create switch-to-switch and
switch-to-server MultiLink Trunk links (Figure 27 and Figure 28).
Figure 27 shows two trunks (T1 and T2) connecting Switch S1 to switches S2
and S3.
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Chapter 2 Network configuration 71
Figure 27 Switch-to-switch trunk configuration example
BayStack
420
S1
T1
F
BayStack 420
S2
T2
BayStack
420
S3
10009EA
You can configure each of the trunks shown in Figure 27 with up to four switch
ports to provide up to 800 Mb/s aggregate bandwidth through each trunk, in
switch-to-switch connections approaches single port bandwidth limitations,
creating a MultiLink Trunk can supply the additional bandwidth required to
improve the performance.
Figure 28 shows a typical switch-to-server trunk configuration. In this example,
file server FS1 uses dual MAC addresses, using one MAC address for each
network interface card (NIC). For this reason, FS1 does not require a trunk
assignment. FS2 is a single MAC server (with a four-port NIC) and is set up as
trunk configuration T1.
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72 Chapter 2 Network configuration
Figure 28 Switch-to-server trunk configuration example
FS2
FS1
T1
S1
BayStack
420
10010EA
Client/server configuration using MultiLink Trunks
Figure 29 shows an example of how MultiLink Trunking can be used in a
client/server configuration. In this example, both servers connect directly to
Switch S1. FS2 is connected through a trunk configuration (T1). The
switch-to-switch connections are through trunks (T2, T3, T4, and T5).
Clients accessing data from the servers (FS1 and FS2) are provided with
maximized bandwidth through trunks T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5. Trunk members
(the ports making up each trunk) do not have to be consecutive switch ports; you
can select ports randomly, as shown by T5.
With spanning tree enabled, one of the trunks (T2 or T3) acts as a redundant
(backup) trunk to Switch S2. With spanning tree disabled, you must configure
trunks T2 and T3 into separate VLANs for this configuration to function properly
Refer to “IEEE 802.1Q VLAN workgroups” on page 54 for more information.
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Chapter 2 Network configuration 73
Figure 29 Client/server configuration example
FS2
FS1
T1
S1
BayStack
420
F
T2
S2
T3
T4
T5
BayStack 420
S3
BayStack 420
S4
BayStack 420
10011EA
The trunk configuration screens for switches S1 to S4 are shown in “Trunk
configuration screen examples” following this section. For detailed information
about configuring trunks, see “MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen” on
page 135.
This section shows examples of the MultiLink Trunk configuration screens for the
client/server configuration example shown in Figure 29. The screens show how
you could set up the trunk configuration screens for switches S1 to S4. See
“Spanning tree considerations for MultiLink Trunks” on page 82, and “MultiLink
Trunk Configuration screen” on page 135 for more information.
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74 Chapter 2 Network configuration
Trunk configuration screen for Switch S1
Switch S1 is set up with five trunk configurations: T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5.
To set up the S1 trunk configuration:
Choose MultiLink Trunk Configuration (or press t) from the MultiLink
Trunk Configuration Menu screen (Figure 30).
Figure 30 Choosing the MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu screen
The MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu screen opens (Figure 31).
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Chapter 2 Network configuration 75
Figure 31 MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen for Switch S1
Switch S1 is configured as follows:
•
•
Trunk (read only) indicates the trunks (1 to 6) that correspond to the switch
ports specified in the Trunk Members fields.
each row, to create the corresponding trunk:
Note: The Unit value (in the Unit/Port field) is not configurable when
the switch is operating standalone. For detailed information about the
MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen fields, see “MultiLink Trunk
Configuration screen” on page 135.
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76 Chapter 2 Network configuration
— Ports 15, 17, 19, and 21 are assigned as trunk members of trunk 1.
— Ports 25 and 26 are assigned as trunk members of trunk 2.
— Ports 2 and 4 are assigned as trunk members of trunk 3.
— Ports 14 and 16 are assigned as trunk members of trunk 4.
— Ports 22 and 24 are assigned as trunk members of trunk 5.
•
•
STP Learning indicates the spanning tree participation setting for each of the
trunks:
— Trunks 1 through 4 are enabled for Normal STP Learning.
— Trunk 5 is enabled for Fast STP Learning.
Trunk Mode (read only) indicates the Trunk Mode for each of the trunks.
The Trunk Mode field values for trunks 1 to 5 are set to Basic. Source MAC
addresses are statically assigned to specific trunk members for flooding and
forwarding, which allows the switch to stabilize and distribute the data
streams of source addresses across the trunk members.
•
•
Trunk Status indicates the Trunk Status for each of the trunks. When set to
Enabled, the configuration settings for that specific trunk are activated.
Trunk Name indicates optional fields for assigning names to the
corresponding configured trunks.
The names chosen for this example provide meaningful information to the
Switch S1, connects to File Server 2).
Trunk configuration screen for Switch S2
As shown in Figure 29 on page 73, Switch S2 is set up with two trunk
configurations (T2 and T3). Both trunks connect directly to Switch S1.
As in the previous screen examples, to set up a trunk configuration, choose
MultiLink Trunk Configuration from the MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu
screen.
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Chapter 2 Network configuration 77
Figure 32 shows the MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen for Switch S2.
Figure 32 MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen for Switch S2
Switch S2 is configured as follows:
•
•
Trunk (read only) indicates the trunks (1 to 6) that correspond to the switch
ports specified in the Trunk Members fields.
Trunk Members (Unit/Port) indicates the ports that can be configured, in
each row, to create the corresponding trunk:
— Ports 25 and 26 are assigned as trunk members of trunk 1.
— Ports 1 and 3 are assigned as trunk members of trunk 2.
•
•
STP Learning indicates the spanning tree participation setting for each of the
trunks. Trunks 1 and 2 are enabled for Normal STP Learning.
Trunk Mode (read only) indicates the Trunk Mode for each of the trunks. The
Trunk Mode field values for trunks 1 and 2 are set to Basic. Source MAC
addresses are statically assigned to specific trunk members for flooding and
forwarding, which allows the switch to stabilize and distribute the data
streams of source addresses across the trunk members.
•
Trunk Status indicates the Trunk Status for each of the trunks. When set to
Enabled, the configuration settings for that specific trunk are activated.
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78 Chapter 2 Network configuration
Trunk Name indicates optional fields for assigning names to the
•
corresponding configured trunks.
The names chosen for this example provide meaningful information to the
S2, connects to Switch 1).
Trunk Configuration screen for Switch S3
As shown in Figure 29 on page 73, Switch S3 is set up with one trunk
configuration (T4). This trunk connects directly to Switch S1.
As in the previous screen examples, to set up an interswitch trunk configuration,
choose MultiLink Trunk Configuration from the MultiLink Trunk Configuration
Menu screen.
Figure 33 shows the MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen for Switch S3.
Figure 33 MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen for Switch S3
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Chapter 2 Network configuration 79
Switch S3 is configured as follows:
•
•
Trunk (read only) indicates the trunk (1 to 6) that corresponds to the switch
ports specified in the Trunk Members fields.
Trunk Members (Unit/Port) indicates the ports that can be configured, in
each row, to create the corresponding trunk. Ports 1 and 3 are assigned as
trunk members of trunk 1.
•
•
STP Learning indicates the spanning tree participation setting for each of the
trunks. Trunk 1 is enabled for Normal STP Learning.
Trunk Mode (read only) indicates the Trunk Mode for each of the trunks. The
Trunk Mode field value for trunk 1 is set to Basic. Source MAC addresses are
statically assigned to specific trunk members for flooding and forwarding,
which allows the switch to stabilize and distribute the data streams of source
addresses across the trunk members.
•
•
Trunk Status indicates the Trunk Status for each of the trunks. When set to
Enabled, the configuration settings for that specific trunk are activated.
Trunk Name indicates optional fields for assigning names to the
corresponding configured trunks.
Trunk Configuration screen for Switch S4
The names chosen for this example provide meaningful information to the user of
this switch (for example, S3:T4 to S1 indicates that Trunk 1, in Switch S3,
connects to Switch 1).
As shown in Figure 34, Switch S4 is set up with one trunk configuration (T5).
This trunk connects directly to Switch S1.
As in the previous screen examples, to set up a trunk configuration, choose
MultiLink Trunk Configuration from the MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu
screen.
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80 Chapter 2 Network configuration
Figure 34 shows the MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen for Switch S4.
Figure 34 MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen for Switch S4
Switch S4 is configured as follows:
•
•
Trunk (read only) indicates the trunk (1 to 6) that corresponds to the switch
ports specified in the Trunk Members fields.
Trunk Members (Unit/Port) indicates the ports that can be configured, in
each row, to create the corresponding trunk. Ports 5 and 11 are assigned as
trunk members of trunk T1.
•
•
STP Learning indicates the spanning tree participation setting for each of the
trunks. Trunk 1 is enabled for Normal STP Learning.
Trunk Mode (read only) indicates the Trunk Mode for each of the trunks. The
Trunk Mode field value for trunk 1 is set to Basic. Source MAC addresses are
statically assigned to specific trunk members for flooding and forwarding,
which allows the switch to stabilize and distribute the data streams of source
addresses across the trunk members.
•
•
Trunk Status indicates the Trunk Status for each of the trunks. When it is set
to Enabled, the configuration settings for that specific trunk are activated.
Trunk Name indicates optional fields for assigning names to the
corresponding configured trunks.
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Chapter 2 Network configuration 81
The names chosen for this example provide meaningful information to the
user (for example, S4:T5 to S1 indicates that Trunk 1, in Switch S4, connects
to Switch 1).
Before you configure trunks
When you create and enable a trunk, the trunk members (switch ports) take on
certain settings necessary for correct operation of the MultiLink Trunking feature.
Before you configure your MultiLink Trunk, you must consider these settings,
along with specific configuration rules, as follows:
1
2
Read the configuration rules provided in the next section, “Spanning tree
considerations for MultiLink Trunks” on page 82.
Determine which switch ports (up to four) are to become trunk members (the
specific ports making up the trunk). A minimum of two ports are required for
each trunk.
Ensure that the chosen switch ports are set to Enabled, using either the Port
Configuration screen (see “Port Configuration screen” on page 129) or
network management.
Trunk member ports must have the same VLAN configuration.
3
4
All network cabling should be complete and stable before configuring any
trunks, to avoid configuration errors.
Consider how the existing spanning tree will react to the new trunk
configuration (see “Spanning tree considerations for MultiLink Trunks” on
page 82).
5
6
Consider how existing VLANs will be affected by the addition of a trunk.
After completing the above steps, see “MultiLink Trunk Configuration
screen” on page 135 for screen examples and field descriptions that will help
you configure your MultiLink Trunks.
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82 Chapter 2 Network configuration
Spanning tree considerations for MultiLink Trunks
The spanning tree Path Cost parameter is recalculated based on the aggregate
bandwidth of the trunk. For example, Figure 35 shows a four-port trunk (T1) with
two port members operating at 100 Mb/s and two at 10 Mb/s. Trunk T1 provides
an aggregate bandwidth of 220 Mb/s. The Path Cost for T1 is 4 (Path Cost = 1000/
LAN speed, in Mb/s). Another three-port trunk (T2) is configured with an
aggregate bandwidth of 210 Mb/s, with a comparable Path Cost of 4. When the
Path Cost calculations for both trunks are equal, the software chooses the trunk
with the larger aggregate bandwidth (T1) to determine the most efficient path.
Figure 35 Path Cost arbitration example
BayStack 420-24T Switch
BayStack
420
S1
100 Mb/s
100 Mb/s
10 Mb/s
10 Mb/s
100 Mb/s
100 Mb/s
10 Mb/s
Path Cost T2 = 4
Path Cost T1 = 4
T1
T2
Aggregate Bandwidth
220 Mb/s
Aggregate Bandwidth
210 Mb/s
BayStack 420-24T Switch
S2
BayStack
420
10013EA
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Chapter 2 Network configuration 83
The switch can also detect trunk member ports that are physically misconfigured.
For example, in Figure 36, trunk member ports 2, 4, and 6 of Switch S1 are
configured correctly to trunk member ports 7, 9, and 11 of Switch S2. The
Spanning Tree Port Configuration screen for each switch shows the port state field
for each port in the Forwarding state.
Figure 36 Example 1: correctly configured trunk
S1 Port Configuration screen
S1
BayStack
420
T1
S2
BayStack
420
S2 Port Configuration screen
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84 Chapter 2 Network configuration
If Switch S2’s trunk member port 11 is physically disconnected and then
reconnected to port 13, the Spanning Tree Port Configuration screen for Switch
S1 changes to show port 6 in the Blocking state (Figure 37).
Figure 37 Example 2: detecting a misconfigured port
[Blocking]
S1 Port Configuration screen
S1
BayStack
420
T1
S2
BayStack
420
S2 Port Configuration screen
10017EA
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Additional tips about the MultiLink Trunking feature
When you create a MultiLink Trunk, the individual trunk members (the specific
ports that make up the trunk) logically connect and react as a single entity. For
example, if you change spanning tree parameters for any trunk member, the
spanning tree parameters for all trunk members change.
All configured trunks are indicated in the Spanning Tree Configuration screen.
The Trunk field lists the active trunks, adjacent to the port numbers that
correspond to the specific trunk member for that trunk.
When a trunk is active, you can disable spanning tree participation using the
Trunk Configuration screen or using the Spanning Tree Configuration screen.
When a trunk is not active, the spanning tree participation setting in the Trunk
Configuration screen does not take effect until you set the Trunk Status field to
Enabled.
The trunk is also viewed by management stations as a single spanning tree port.
number. For example, if ports 13, 14, 15, and 16 are trunk members of trunk T1,
the management station views trunk T1 as spanning tree port 13.
For more information about using the MultiLink Trunking feature, see “MultiLink
Trunk Configuration Menu screen” on page 133.
See also Appendix C, “Quick configuration for MultiLink Trunking,” on page 193
for a configuration flowchart that can help you use this feature.
Port mirroring
You can designate one of your switch ports to monitor ingress traffic on a single
specified switch port (port-based).
Note: A probe device, such as Nortel Networks StackProbe, must be
connected to the designated monitor port to use this feature (contact your
Nortel Networks sales agent for details about the StackProbe).
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Figure 38 provides a sample Port Mirroring Configuration screen. Note that the
displayed screens do not show all of the screen prompts that precede some
actions.
For example, when you configure a switch for port mirroring or when you modify
an existing port mirroring configuration, the new configuration does not take
effect until you respond [Yes] to the following screen prompt:
Is your port mirroring configuration complete?
[ Yes ]
Figure 38 Port Mirroring Configuration port-based screen example
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Chapter 3
Using the console interface
This chapter covers the following topics:
•
•
•
“Accessing the CI menus and screens,” next
“Using the CI menus and screens” on page 88
“Main menu” on page 90
Accessing the CI menus and screens
You can access the CI menus and screens locally through a console terminal
attached to your BayStack 420 Switch, remotely through a dial-up modem
connection, or in-band through a Telnet session (see “Console port” on page 26).
You can connect your console cable into any unit in a BayStack 420 Switch-only
stack for a unified stack interface. For the mixed stack management functions to
become fully operational, you must connect your console terminal into a
BayStack 420 Switch port within your mixed stack.
Note: If you have a properly configured BootP server in your network,
it detects the IP address; you will not need to configure the IP address.
For information about SNMP, see your network management documentation.
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88 Chapter 3 Using the console interface
Using the CI menus and screens
The CI menus and screens provide options that allow you to configure and
manage BayStack 420 switches. Help prompts at the bottom of each menu and
screen explain how to enter data in the highlighted field and how to navigate the
menus and screens.
The Console port default settings are: 9600 baud with eight data bits, one stop bit,
and no parity as the communications format, with flow control set to disabled.
Some options allow you to toggle among several possible values; other options
allow you to set or modify a parameter.
Navigating the CI menus and screens
Use the following methods to navigate the CI menus and screens.
To select a menu option:
1
2
Use the arrow keys to highlight the option name.
Press [Enter].
The option takes effect immediately after you press [Enter].
Alternatively, you can press the key corresponding to the underlined letter in
the option name. For example, to select the Switch Configuration option in
the main menu, press the w key. Note that the text characters are not
case-sensitive.
To toggle between values in a form:
1
2
Use the spacebar to highlight the value.
Press [Enter].
To clear a string field:
1
2
Position the cursor in the string field.
Press [Ctrl]-K.
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To return to the previous menu, press [Ctrl]-R.
To go to the next screen in a series, press [Ctrl]-N.
To return to the main menu at any time, press [Ctrl]-C.
Press [Backspace] to delete entered text.
Options that appear in brackets (for example, [Enabled]) are user-settable options.
Screen fields and descriptions
Figure 39 shows a map of the CI screens. The remainder of this chapter describes
the CI screens and their fields, beginning with the main menu.
Figure 39 Map of console interface screens
MAC Address Security Configuration
MAC Address Security Port Configuration
MAC Address Security Port Lists
MAC Address Security Table
Main Menu
IP Configuration/Setup
SNMP Configuration
System Characteristics
Switch Configuration
Console/Comm Port Configuration
Identify Unit Numbers1
Renumber Stack Units1
Display Hardware Units
Spanning Tree Configuration
TELNET Configuration
Software Download
MAC Address Table
MAC Address-Based Security
VLAN Configuration
Port Configuration
VLAN Configuration
VLAN Port Configuration
VLAN Display by Port
High Speed Flow Contro Configuration2
MultiLink Trunk Configuration
Port Mirroring Configuration
Display Port Statistics
Clear Port Statistics
MultiLink Trunk Configuration
MultiLink Trunk Utilization
Configuration File
Display Event Log
Spanning Tree
Reset
Display Spanning Tree Switch Setting
Reset to Default Settings
Logout
1 Only appears when the switch is participating in a stack configuration.
2 Only appears when a gigabit MDA is installed in one or more units in a stack configuration.
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The CI screens for your specific switch model will show the correct model name
in the main menu screen title and the correct number of ports and port types in the
Port Configuration screen.
Note: The field values shown in the CI screens in this section are
provided as examples only.
Main menu
This section describes the options available from the CI main menu (Figure 40).
The CI screens and submenus for these options are described in the following
sections.
Note: Some menu options shown in this main menu example and in
other screen examples in this chapter may not appear on your screen,
depending on the switch options installed. However, the full menu
options are shown in the screen examples and described in the following
sections.
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Figure 40 Console interface main menu
Table 9 Console interface main menu options
Option
Description
IP Configuration/
Setup...
Displays the IP Configuration/Setup screen (see “IP Configuration/Setup screen”
on page 94). This screen allows you to set or modify IP configuration
parameters.
page 99). This screen allows you to set or modify the SNMP read-only
community and read-write community strings, enable or disable the
authentication trap and the link Up/down trap, set the IP address of trap
receivers, and set the trap community strings.
System
Characteristics...
Displays the System Characteristics screen (see “System Characteristics
screen” on page 100). This screen allows you to view switch characteristics,
including number of resets, power status, hardware and firmware version, and
MAC address. This screen also contains three user-configurable fields:
sysContact, sysName, and sysLocation. When the switch is part of a stack
configuration, this screen also displays the base unit identification, the number of
units configured in the stack, and the local unit stack number.
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Table 9 Console interface main menu options (continued)
Option
Description
options: MAC Address Table, MAC Address-Based Security, VLAN
Configuration, Port Configuration, MultiLink Trunk Configuration, Port Mirroring
Configuration, Display Port Statistics, Clear All Port Statistics, Display System
Log, and Stack Operational Mode.
Console/Comm Port
Configuration...
Displays the Console/Comm Port Configuration screen (see “Console/Comm
Port Configuration screen” on page 147). This screen allows you to configure
and modify the console/Comm port parameters, including the console port
Spanning Tree
Configuration...
Displays the Spanning Tree Configuration Menu (see “Spanning Tree
Configuration Menu screen” on page 156). This menu provides the following
options: Spanning Tree Port Configuration, Display Spanning Tree Switch
Settings.
TELNET
Configuration...
remote console terminal to communicate with the BayStack 420 Switch as if the
configuration.
Software Download...
Configuration File
Displays the Software Download screen (see “Software Download screen” on
page 166). This screen allows you to revise the BayStack 420 Switch software
image that is located in nonvolatile flash memory.
Displays the Configuration File Download/Upload screen (see “Configuration
File Download/Upload screen” on page 169). This screen allows you to store
your switch/stack configuration parameters on a TFTP server. You can retrieve
the configuration parameters for automatically configuring a replacement switch
or stack with the same configuration when required.
Display System Log
Reset
Displays the System Log screen (see “System Log screen” on page 145).
Resets the switch with the current configuration settings. This option is followed
by a screen prompt that precedes the action. Enter Yes to reset the switch; enter
No to abort the option:
•
If the switch is participating in a stack configuration, you can reset the entire
stack.
•
When you select this option, the switch resets, runs a self-test, then displays
the Nortel Networks logo screen. Press [Ctrl]-Y to access the BayStack 420
Switch main menu.
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Table 9 Console interface main menu options (continued)
Option
Description
Reset to Default
Settings
Resets the switch to the factory default configuration settings. This option is
followed by a screen prompt that precedes the action. Enter Yes to reset the
switch to the factory default configuration settings; enter No to abort the option:
•
If the switch is participating in a stack configuration, you can reset the entire
stack.
•
When you select this option, the switch resets, runs a self-test, then displays
the Nortel Networks logo screen. Press [Ctrl]-Y to access the BayStack 420
Switch main menu.
Caution: If you choose the Reset to Default Settings option, all of your
configured settings will be replaced with factory default settings when
you press [Enter]
Achtung: Bei Auswahl des Befehls zur Rücksetzung auf die
Standardeinstellungen werden alle von Ihnen konfigurierten
Einstellungen durch die werkseitigen Standardeinstellungen ersetzt,
wenn Sie die Eingabetaste drücken.
Attention: Si vous restaurez la configuration usine, votre configuration
courante sera remplacée par la configuration usine dès que vous
appuierez sur [Entrée].
Precaución: Si selecciona el comando Restaurar valores
predeterminados, todos los valores de configuración se sustituirán por
las valores predeterminados en fábrica al pulsar [Intro].
Attenzione: Nel caso in cui si selezioni la reimpostazione dei valori di
default, tutte le impostazioni configurate verranno sostituite dai default di
fabbrica premendo il tasto [Invio].
Logout
Allows a user in a Telnet session or a user working at a password-protected
console terminal to terminate the session.
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IP Configuration/Setup screen
The IP Configuration/Setup screen (Figure 41) allows you to set or modify the
BayStack 420 Switch IP configuration parameters. Data that you enter in the
user-configurable fields takes effect as soon as you press [Enter].
To open the IP Configuration/Setup screen:
Choose IP Configuration/Setup (or press i) from the main menu.
Figure 41 IP Configuration/Setup screen
Table 10 describes the IP Configuration/Setup screen fields.
Note: The read-only fields in this screen are updated based on the BootP
mode specified in the BootP Request Mode field. (See “Choosing a
BootP request mode” on page 96 for more information.)
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Table 10 IP Configuration/Setup screen fields
Field
Description
BootP Request
Mode
One of four modes of operation for BootP. (See “Choosing a BootP request mode” on
page 96 for details about the four modes.)
Default Value
Range
BootP Disabled
BootP Disabled, BootP When Needed, BootP Always, BootP or Last
Address
Configurable
In Use
Column header for the user-configurable IP configuration fields in this screen.
Column header for the read-only fields in this screen. The read-only data displayed in
this column represents IP configuration that is currently in use.
Last BootP
Column header for the read-only fields in this screen. The read-only data displayed in
this column represents IP configuration obtained from the last BootP reply received.
In-Band Stack IP The in-band stack IP address field. This field is not required for the operation of the
Address
standalone switch.
Default Value
Range
0.0.0.0 (no IP address assigned)
Four-octet dotted-decimal notation, where each octet is represented
as a decimal value, between 0 and 255, separated by a decimal
point
In-Band Switch
IP Address
The in-band IP address of the switch. This field is not required for the operation of the
stack. This field can not use the same IP address used for the stack.
Default Value
Range
0.0.0.0 (no IP address assigned)
Four-octet dotted-decimal notation, where each octet is represented
as a decimal value, between 0 and 255, separated by a decimal
point
Note: When the IP address is entered in the In-Band IP Address field, and the
In-Band Subnet Mask field value is not present, the software provides an in-use
default value for the In-Band Subnet Mask field that is based on the class of the
IP address entered in the In-Band IP Address field.
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Table 10 IP Configuration/Setup screen fields (continued)
Field
Description
In-Band Subnet The subnet address mask associated with the in-band IP address shown on the screen
Mask
(see In-Band Switch IP address field). Network routers use the subnet mask to
determine the network or subnet address portion of a host’s IP address. The bits in the
IP address that contain the network address (including the subnet) are set to 1 in the
address mask, and the bits that contain the host identifier are set to 0.
Default Value
Range
0.0.0.0 (no subnet mask assigned)
Four-octet dotted-decimal notation, where each octet is represented
as a decimal value, between 0 and 255, separated by a decimal
point
Default Gateway The IP address of the default gateway.
Default Value
Range
0.0.0.0 (no IP address assigned)
Four-octet dotted-decimal notation, where each octet is represented
as a decimal value, between 0 and 255, separated by a decimal
point
Choosing a BootP request mode
The BootP Request Mode field in the IP Configuration screen allows you to
choose which method the switch uses to broadcast BootP requests:
•
•
•
•
BootP When Needed
BootP Always
BootP Disabled
BootP or Last Address
Note: Whenever the switch is broadcasting BootP requests, the BootP
process will eventually time out if a reply is not received. When the
process times out, the BootP request mode automatically changes to
BootP Disabled mode. To restart the BootP process, change the BootP
request mode to any of the three following modes:
•
•
•
BootP When Needed
BootP Always
BootP or Last Address.
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BootP When Needed
Allows the switch to request an IP address if one has not already been set from the
console terminal. When selected, this mode operates as follows:
•
When the IP data is entered from the console terminal, the data becomes the
in-use address of the switch and BootP requests are not broadcast. The switch
can be managed using this in-band IP address.
•
When the in-band IP address is not set from the console terminal, the switch
broadcasts BootP requests until it receives a BootP reply containing an IP
address. If the switch does not receive a BootP reply that contains an IP
address, the switch cannot be managed in-band.
If an IP address is not currently in use, these actions take effect immediately. If an
IP address is currently in use, these actions take effect only after the switch is reset
or power cycled.
BootP Always
Allows the switch to be managed only when configured with the IP address
obtained from the BootP server. When selected, this mode operates as follows:
•
•
•
The switch continues to broadcast BootP requests, regardless of whether an
in-band IP address is set from the console terminal.
If the switch receives a BootP reply that contains an in-band IP address, the
switch uses this new in-band IP address.
If the switch does not receive a BootP reply, the switch cannot be managed
using the in-band IP address set from the console terminal.
If an IP address is not currently in use, these actions take effect immediately. If an
IP address is currently in use, these actions take effect only after the switch is reset
or power cycled.
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BootP Disabled
Allows the switch to be managed only by using the IP address set from the
console terminal. When selected, this mode operates as follows:
•
•
The switch does not broadcast BootP requests, regardless of whether an IP
address is set from the console terminal.
The switch can be managed only by using the in-band switch IP address set
from the console terminal.
These actions take effect after the switch is reset or power cycled, even if an IP
address is not currently in use.
BootP or Last Address
Allows the switch to be managed even if a BootP server is not reachable. When
selected, this mode operates as follows:
•
When the IP data is entered from the console terminal, the data becomes the
in-band address of the switch and BootP requests are not broadcast. The
switch can be managed using this in-band IP address.
•
When the in-band IP address is not set from the console terminal, the switch
broadcasts BootP requests until it receives a BootP reply containing an
in-band IP address. If the switch does not receive a BootP reply that contains
an in-band IP address within 10 minutes, the switch uses the last in-band IP
address it received from a BootP server. This IP information is displayed in
the Last BootP column.
If an IP address is not currently in use, these actions take effect immediately. If an
IP address is currently in use, these actions take effect only after the switch is reset
or power cycled.
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SNMP Configuration screen
The SNMP Configuration screen (Figure 42) allows you to set or modify the
SNMP configuration parameters.
To open the SNMP Configuration screen:
Choose SNMP Configuration (or press m) from the main menu.
Figure 42 SNMP Configuration screen
Table 11 describes the SNMP Configuration screen fields.
Table 11 SNMP Configuration screen fields
Field
Description
Read-Only
Community String
The community string used for in-band read-only SNMP operations.
Default Value
Range
public
Any ASCII string of up to 32 printable characters
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Table 11 SNMP Configuration screen fields (continued)
Field
Description
Read-Write
Community String
The community string used for in-band read-write SNMP operations.
Default Value
Range
private
Any ASCII string of up to 32 printable characters
Trap #1 IP Address1
Number one of four trap IP addresses. Successive trap IP address fields
are numbered 2, 3, and 4. Each trap address has an associated community
string (see Community String).
Default Value
Range
0.0.0.0 (no IP address assigned)
Four-octet dotted-decimal notation, where each octet is
represented as a decimal value, separated by a decimal
point
Community String
Authentication Trap
Autotopology
The community string associated with one of the four trap IP addresses
(see Trap #1 IP Address).
Default Value
Range
Zero-length string
Any ASCII string of up to 32 printable characters
Determines whether a trap will be sent when there is an SNMP
authentication failure.
Default Value
Range
Enabled
Enabled, Disabled
Allows you to enable or disable the switch participation in autotopology,
which allows network topology mapping of other switches in your network.
Default Value
Range
Enabled
Disabled
1
The Trap IP Address and Community String fields can be set using a MIB table (in a Nortel Networks
proprietary MIB). The status of the row in the MIB table can be set to Ignore. If the row status is set to Ignore,
the fields appear to be set when viewed from the console terminal; however, no traps will be sent to that
address until the row status is set to Valid.
System Characteristics screen
The System Characteristics screen (Figure 43) allows you to view system
characteristics and contains three user-configurable fields: sysContact, sysName,
and sysLocation.
To open the System Characteristics screen:
Choose System Characteristics (or press s) from the main menu.
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Figure 43 System Characteristics screen
Table 12 describes the System Characteristics screen fields.
Table 12 System Characteristics screen fields
Field
Description
Read-only field that indicates the operation mode of the unit, for example:
Operation Mode
•
When the unit is part of a stack configuration, the (read-only) field indicates the
unit is operational in a stack, and lists the current unit number of this switch. In
this example (see Figure 43 on page 101), the current unit number is Unit 2.
•
When the unit is not part of a stack configuration (operating standalone), the
read-only field indicates the unit is operating as a switch. When in this operation
mode, the Size of Stack and Base Unit fields (see following description) do not
appear.
Size of Stack
Base Unit
This read-only field only appears when the switch is participating in a stack
configuration. This field indicates the number of units configured in the stack
configuration (1 to 8 units maximum).
This read-only field only appears when the switch is participating in a stack
configuration. This field indicates the unit number of the switch that is currently
operating as the base unit.
MAC Address
The MAC address of the switch or, when the switch is participating in a stack
configuration, the MAC address of the stack configuration.
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Table 12 System Characteristics screen fields (continued)
Field
Description
Reset Count
A read-only field that indicates the number of resets since the operational firmware
was first loaded on the switch.
Default Value
Range
1
0 to 232 -1 (4,294,967,295)
Last Reset Type
Power Status
A read-only field that indicates the last type of reset.
Default Value
Range
Power Cycle
Power Cycle, Software Download, Management Reset,
Management Factory Reset
A read-only field that indicates the current power source (primary, RPSU, or both).
Default Value
Range
Primary Power
Primary Power, Redundant Power, Primary and Redundant
Power
Local GBIC Type
sysDescr
A read-only field that indicates the GBIC type that is configured in this unit.
A read-only field that specifies hardware and software versions.
sysObjectID
A read-only field that provides a unique identification of the switch, which contains
the vendor’s private enterprise number.
sysUpTime
A read-only field that shows the length of time since the last reset. Note that this field
is updated when the screen is redisplayed.
sysServices
sysContact
A read-only field that indicates the switch’s physical and data link layer functionality.
The name and phone number of the person responsible for the switch.
Default Value
Range
Zero-length string
Any ASCII string of up to 56 printable characters1
sysName
A name that uniquely identifies the switch.
Default Value
Range
Zero-length string
Any ASCII string of up to 56 printable characters1
sysLocation
The physical location of the switch.
Default Value
Range
Zero-length string
Any ASCII string of up to 56 printable characters
1
Although this field can be set to up to 255 characters from a Network Management Station (NMS), only 56 characters
are displayed on the console terminal.
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Switch Configuration Menu screen
The Switch Configuration Menu screen (Figure 44) allows you to set or modify
your switch configuration.
Choose Switch Configuration (or press w) from the main menu to open the Switch
Configuration Menu screen (Table 13).
Figure 44 Switch Configuration Menu screen
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104 Chapter 3 Using the console interface
Table 13 Switch Configuration Menu options
Option
Description
MAC Address Table
screen” on page 105). This screen allows you to view all MAC
addresses and their associated port or trunk that the switch has
learned, or to search for a particular MAC address (to see if the switch
has learned the address).
MAC Address Security
Configuration...
Displays the MAC Address Security Configuration menu (see “MAC
provides the following options: MAC Address Security Configuration,
MAC Address Security Port Configuration, MAC Address Security
Port Lists, and MAC Address Security Table. This menu allows you to
enable and disable security features on the port and trunk levels.
VLAN Configuration...
Port Configuration...
Menu screen” on page 120). This menu provides the following
options: VLAN Configuration, VLAN Port Configuration, VLAN Display
by Port, MAC-SA, and Return to Switch Configuration Menu screen.
This menu allows you to create and modify VLANs.
switch port, all switch ports or, when in a stack configuration, all stack
ports.
High Speed Flow Control
Configuration...
Displays the High Speed Flow Control Configuration screen.
MultiLink Trunk Configuration... Displays the MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu (see “MultiLink Trunk
following options: MultiLink Trunk Configuration, MultiLink Trunk
Utilization, and Return to Switch Configuration Menu screen. This
bandwidth utilization of configured trunks.
Port Mirroring Configuration...
Displays the Port Mirroring Configuration screen (see “Port Mirroring
Configuration screen” on page 139). This screen allows you to
designate a single switch port as a traffic monitor for one specific port.
Display Port Statistics
Displays the Port Statistics screen (see “Port Statistics screen” on
page 141). This screen allows you to view detailed information about
any switch port.
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Table 13 Switch Configuration Menu options (continued)
Option
Description
Clear All Port Statistics
Allows you to clear all port statistics.
This option is followed by screen prompts that precede a choice of the
actions:
•
•
If the switch is operating standalone, choose one of the following:
•
•
Yes, to clear all port statistics for all switch ports
No, to abort the option
If the switch is participating in a stack configuration, choose one of
the following:
•
•
•
Clear all port statistics for a specific unit in the stack
Clear all port statistics for the entire stack
No, to abort the option
Display System Log
In a stack environment, displays the system log screen, which
See “System Log screen” on page 145.
MAC Address Table screen
The MAC Address Table screen (Figure 45) allows you to view MAC addresses
that the switch has discovered or to search for a specific MAC address.
The MAC Address Table screen also operates in conjunction with the Port
Mirroring Configuration screen. When you configure a switch for MAC
address-based port mirroring, you can use the MAC Address Table screen to find
from either screen, but you must return to the Port Mirroring Configuration screen
to activate the feature (see “Port Mirroring Configuration screen” on page 139).
Choose MAC Address Table (or press m) from the Switch Configuration Menu
screen to open the MAC Address Table screen (Figure 45).
Note: This screen does not refresh dynamically to show new entries. To
refresh the screen, press [Ctrl]-R to return to the previous menu.
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Figure 45 MAC Address Table screen
Table 14 describes the MAC Address Table screen fields.
Table 14 MAC Address Table screen fields
Field
Description
Aging Time
Specifies how long a learned MAC address remains in the switch’s
forwarding database. If an entry is inactive for a period of time that exceeds
the specified aging time, the address is removed.
Default Value 300 seconds
Range
10 to 1,000,000 seconds
Find an Address
Allows the user to search for a specific MAC address.
Default Value 00-00-00-00-00-00 (no MAC address assigned)
Range
00-00-00-00-00-00 to FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF
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MAC Address Security Configuration Menu screen
The MAC Address Security Configuration Menu screen (Figure 46) allows you to
specify a range of system responses to unauthorized network access to your
switch. The system response can range from sending a trap to disabling the port.
The network access control is based on the MAC addresses of the authorized
stations. You can specify a list of up to 448 MAC addresses that are authorized to
access the switch. You can also specify the ports that each MAC address is
allowed to access. The options for allowed port access include: NONE, ALL, and
single or multiple ports that are specified in a list, for example, 1-4, 6, 9, etc. You
must also include the MAC address of any router connected to any secure ports.
When the switch software detects a security violation, the response can be to send
a trap, turn on destination address (DA) filtering, disable the specific port, or any
combination of these three options.
To open the MAC Address Security Configuration screen:
Choose MAC Address Security Configuration from the Switch
Configuration Menu.
Figure 46 MAC Address Security Configuration Menu screen
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108 Chapter 3 Using the console interface
Table 15 describes the MAC Address Security Configuration Menu options.
Table 15 MAC Address Security Configuration Menu options
Option
Description
MAC Address Security
Configuration...
Displays the MAC Address Security Configuration screen (see “Table 15
describes the MAC Address Security Configuration Menu options.” on
Security feature.
MAC Address Security
Port Configuration...
Displays the MAC Address Security Port Configuration screen (see “MAC
Address Security Port Configuration screen” on page 111”). This screen
MAC Address Security
Port Lists...
Displays the MAC Address Security Port Lists screen (see “MAC Address
Security Port Lists screens” on page 113). This screen allows you to create
port lists that can be used as an allowed source port list for a MAC address in
the MAC Address Security Table screen.
MAC Address Security
Table...
Displays the MAC Address Security Table screen (see “MAC Address
MAC addresses that are allowed to access the switch.
Return to Switch
Configuration Menu...
Exits the MAC Address Security Configuration Menu screen and displays the
Switch Configuration Menu screen.
The MAC Address Security Configuration screen (Figure 47) allows you to
enable or disable the MAC address security feature and to specify the appropriate
system responses to any unauthorized network access to your switch.
Choose MAC Address Security Configuration from the MAC Address Security
Configuration Menu to open the MAC Address Security Configuration screen.
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Figure 47 MAC Address Security Configuration screen
Table 16 describes the MAC Address Security Configuration screen fields.
Table 16 MAC Address Security Configuration screen fields
Field
Description
MAC Address Security
When this field is set to enabled, the software checks source MAC addresses
of packets that arrive on secure ports against MAC addresses listed in the
MAC Address Security Table for allowed membership. If the software detects
a source MAC address that is not an allowed member, the software registers
a MAC intrusion event.
Default
Range
Disabled
Disabled, Enabled
MAC Address Security
SNMP-Locked
When this field is set to enabled, the MAC address security screens cannot
be modified using SNMP.
Default
Range
Disabled
Disabled, Enabled
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Table 16 MAC Address Security Configuration screen fields (continued)
Field
Description
Partition Port on Intrusion This field value determines how the switch reacts to an intrusion event. When
Detected:
an intrusion even is detected (see MAC Address Security field description)
the specified switch port is set to Disabled (partitioned from other switch
ports).
When the field is set to:
•
•
•
Disabled - the port remains enabled, even if an intrusion event is
detected.
Enabled - the port becomes disabled, then automatically resets to
enabled depending on the value set in the Partition Time field.
Forever - the port becomes disabled, and remains disabled (partitioned).
The Partition Time field cannot be used automatically reset the port to
Enabled if you set this field to Forever.
You can always manually set the port’s status field to Enabled using the Port
Configuration screen (see “Port Configuration screen” on page 129).
Default
Range
Disabled
Disabled, Enabled, Forever
Partition Time
This field appears only when the Partition Port on Intrusion Detected field is
set to enabled. This field determines the length of time a partitioned port
remains disabled. This field is not operational when the Partition Port on
Intrusion Detected field is set to Forever.
Default
Range
0 seconds (the value 0 indicates forever)
0-65536 seconds
DA Filtering on Intrusion When set to Enabled, this field isolates the intruding node by filtering
Detected:
Default
Range
Disabled
Disabled, Enabled
Generate SNMP Trap on
Intrusion
When set to enabled and a MAC intrusion event is detected, the software
issues an SNMP trap message to all registered SNMP trap addresses (see
“SNMP Configuration screen” on page 99).
Default
Range
Disabled
Disabled, Enabled
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Table 16 MAC Address Security Configuration screen fields (continued)
Field
Description
Clear by Ports
This field clears the specified port (or ports) that are listed in the Allowed
Source Port(s) field of the MAC Address Security Table screen (see “MAC
Address Security Table screens” on page 118). When you specify a port (or
ports) to be cleared using this field, the specific port (or ports) will be cleared
for each of the entries listed in the MAC Address Security Table. If you totally
clear the allowed Source Port(s) field (leaving a blank field) for an entry, the
associated MAC address for that entry is also cleared.
Default
Range
NONE
NONE, ALL, a port number list (for example, 1/1, 2/6, etc.)
Learn by Ports
All source MAC addresses of any packets received on the specified port (or
ports) are added to the MAC Security Table when the Current Learning Mode
field is set to Learning in Progress. You cannot include any of the port values
you have chosen for the secure ports field.
Default
Range
NONE
NONE, ALL, a port number list (for example, 1/1-4, 2/6, etc.)
Current Learning Mode
Indicates the current learning mode for the switch ports. When this field is set
to Learning in Progress, all source MAC addresses of any packets received
on the specified port (or ports) are added to the MAC Security Table
(maximum of 448 MAC address entries allowed). If you exceed the limit of
448 entries, the system prompts you with an alert message.
Default
Range
Disabled
Disabled, Enabled
MAC Address Security Port Configuration screen
The MAC Address Security Port Configuration screens (Figure 48 and Figure 49)
allow you to set or modify your MAC address port security configuration on a per
port basis.
To open the MAC Address Security Port Configuration screen:
Choose MAC Address Security Port Configuration from the MAC Address
Security Configuration Menu.
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Table 17 describes the MAC Security Port Configuration screen fields.
Table 17 MAC Security Port Configuration screen fields
Field
Description
Port
Displays a numbered port list.
Trunk
Displays the trunk number if the port is a member of that trunk.
Default
blank field
Security
This field value determines whether or not security is enabled or disabled on
the port level or switch level.
Default
Range
Disabled
Disabled, Enabled
MAC Address Security Port Lists screens
The MAC Address Security Port Lists screens allow you to create port lists that
can be used as allowed source port lists for a specified MAC address in the MAC
Address Security Table screen. You can create as many as 32 port lists, using up to
five MAC Address Security Port Lists screens (see Figure 50).
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114 Chapter 3 Using the console interface
Figure 50 MAC Address Security Port Lists screens
Screen 1
MAC Address Security Port Lists
Entry
-----
S1
Port List
---------
Screen 2
S2
S3
S4
S5
S6
S7
MAC Address Security Port Lists
Entry
Port List
---------
-----
S8
[
]
Screen 3
S9
MAC Address Security Port Lists
S10
S11
S12
S13
Entry
-----
S15
Port List
---------
MAC Address Security Port Lists
Screen 4
S16
S17
Entry
Port List
Press Ctrl
Enter unit
Press Ctrl
-----
S22
---------
S14
S18
[
]
S19
S20
Screen 5
S23
S24
MAC Address Security Port Lists
Press CtrEntryPortList
Enter uni
----- ---------
S21
S25
Press CtrS29[]
S26
S27
S30
S31
[
[
]
]
Press Ctr
Enter uni
Press Ctr
S28
S32
[
]
Press Ctr
Enter uni
Press Ctr
Press Ctrl-P to display previous screen.
Enter unit/port,"1/NONE","1/ALL","2/3,4/7-9",press <Return> or <Enter> when done
Press Ctrl-R to return to previous menu. Press Ctrl-C to return to Main Menu.
To open the MAC Address Security Lists screen:
Choose MAC Address Security Lists from the MAC Address Security
Configuration Menu.
The options for allowed port access include: NONE, ALL, and ports that are
specified in a list (for example, 1/1, 2/6, etc.). Refer to Port List syntax for
more information.
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Figure 51 MAC Address Security Port Lists screen
Table 18 describes the MAC Address Security Port Lists screen fields.
Table 18 MAC Address Security Port Lists screen fields
Field
Entry
Description
This field indicates the port list number (S1 to S32) that corresponds to the
values you set in the Port List field.
Port List
This field allows you to create a port list that you can use as an “Allowed
Source” in the MAC Address Security Table screen.
Port list syntax
When you enter a port list in a stack configuration, you must specify either a unit/
port list, NONE, or ALL. In a stack configuration, ALL indicates all of the stack
port; whereas, in a standalone scenario, ALL indicates all of the switch ports.
Note: NONE and ALL must be entered in uppercase characters as
shown in the screen prompt.
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A unit/port number list is composed of one or more list items, each of which can
more ports). If a list item is preceded by a number and then a slash (/), the number
represents a stack unit.
For example, 1/1-7,2/1-7,2/9,3/1-4,4/12 is a valid unit/port number list (see entry
S1 in Figure 51 on page 115). It represents the following port order:
•
•
•
•
Unit 1: ports 1 to 7
Unit 2: ports 1 to 7 and port 9
Unit 3: ports 1 to 4
Unit 4: port 12
Accelerator keys for repetitive tasks
You can use certain keystrokes as “accelerator keys” to help speed up repetitive
tasks. For example, suppose you want to modify the Port List field in the MAC
Address Security Port List screen (Figure 51 on page 115). You can modify the
port list in any of the following ways:
•
•
•
Add a new port to an existing port number list.
Remove a port from an existing port number list.
Copy an existing field into an adjacent field.
Adding a new port to an existing port number list
In the example shown in Figure 51 on page 115, S3 shows the Port List field
values as:
1/3,2/7,3/1-4
If you want to add another port (for example, port 2/9) to the existing port number
list, you could highlight the field and then type another port list, including the new
port number 1/3,2/7,2/9,3/1-4 [Return]. This method can be cumbersome.
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As an alternative method instead, you can highlight the field and then enter +2/9
[Return]. The existing field keeps the previous list and adds the new port number
(2/9) between ports 2/7 and 3/14.
(If you choose to add port 2/8 to the existing port number list, the field accepts the
new port 2/8 but shows the new port number list field as: 1/3,2/7-8,3/1-4.)
Removing a port from an existing port number list
To remove a port from the port number list, use the minus sign (-) character
instead of the plus sign (+) character as described above.
Copying an existing field into and adjacent field
You can use the period (.) character to copy a previously entered field value into
the field directly next to it. For example, to copy the Allowed Source S3 (shown in
Figure 51 on page 115) into the next field (entry 6):
1
2
3
Enter a MAC address into the next MAC address field.
Highlight the (blank) Allowed Source field.
Enter the period (.) character and click Return.
The port number list from the previous entry is copied into the new field.
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118 Chapter 3 Using the console interface
MAC Address Security Table screens
The MAC Address Security Table screens allow you specify the ports that each
MAC address is allowed to access. You must also include the MAC addresses of
any routers that are connected to any secure ports.
There are 16 available MAC Address Security Table screens (Figure 52) that you
can use to create up to 448 MAC address entries (28 per screen).
Figure 52 MAC Address Security Table screens
MAC Address Security Table
Find an Address: [ 00-00-00-00-00-00 ]
Screen 1
MAC Address
-----------
Allowed Source
--------------
MAC Address
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Allowed Source
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Screen 1
More...
Press Ctrl-N to display next screen.
Enter MAC Address, xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx, press <Return> or <Enter> when complete.
Press Ctrl-R to return to previous menu. Press Ctrl-C to return to Main Menu.
MAC Address Security Table
Find an Address: [ 00-00-00-00-00-00 ]
MACAddress SecurityTable
Find an Address: [00-00-00-00-00-00]
M
[
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MACAddress Allowed Source
----------- --------------
MACAddressAllowed Source
-------------------------
[ ---- - ] [
[ --
[ --
[ -
[ -
-----------
[ -
]
[ ---- - ] [
]
MAC Address Security Table
Find an Address: [ 00-00-00-00-00-00 ]
Screen 16
MAC Address
Allowed Source
MAC Address
Allowed Source
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-----------
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Press Ct
Screen 16
Press Ctrl-P to display previous screen.
Enter MAC Address, xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx, press <Return> or <Enter> when complete.
Press Ctrl-R to return to previous menu. Press Ctrl-C to return to Main Menu.
Choose MAC Address Security Table from the MAC Address Security
Configuration Menu to open the MAC Address Security Table screen (Figure 53).
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Figure 53 MAC Address Security Table screen
Table 19 describes the MAC Address Security Table screen fields.
Table 19 MAC Address Security Table screen fields
Field
Description
Find an Address
Allows you to search for a specific MAC address that is used in any of the
MAC Address Security Table screens.
MAC Address
Allows you to specify up to 448 MAC addresses that are authorized to access
the switch. You can specify the ports that each MAC address is allowed to
access using the Allowed Source field (see next field description). The
specified MAC address does not take effect until the Allowed Source field is
set to some value (a single unit/port number or a port list value that you
previously configured in the MAC Address Security Port Lists screen). You
can clear an existing MAC address field by entering zero (0) in the field and
pressing [Enter].
Default
Range
-
-
-
-
-
(no address assigned)
A range of 6 Hex Octets, separated by dashes (multicast1
and broadcast addresses are not allowed).
Allowed Source
Allows you to specify the ports that each MAC address is allowed to access.
The options for the Allowed Source field include a single unit/port number or a
port list value that you have previously configured in the MAC Address
Security Port Lists screen.
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Table 19 MAC Address Security Table screen fields (continued)
Field
Description
Default
Range
- (Blank field)
A single unit/port or a port list value (for example, 1/3, 1/6,
3/4, S1, S5, etc.).
1 Multicast address -- Note that the first octet of any Multicast address will always be an odd number.
VLAN Configuration Menu screen
The VLAN Configuration Menu screen (Figure 54) allows you to select the
appropriate screen to configure up to 32 VLANs.
When you create VLANs, you can assign various ports (and therefore the devices
attached to these ports) to different broadcast domains. Creating VLANs increases
network flexibility by allowing you to reassign devices to accommodate network
moves, additions, and changes, eliminating the need to change physical cabling.
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To open the VLAN Configuration Menu:
Choose VLAN Configuration (or press v) from the Switch Configuration
Menu screen.
Figure 54 VLAN Configuration Menu screen
Table 20 VLAN Configuration Menu options
Option
Description
VLAN Configuration...
Displays the VLAN Configuration screen (see “VLAN Configuration screen” on
page 122). This screen allows you to set up VLAN workgroups.
VLAN Port
Configuration...
Displays the VLAN Port Configuration screen (see “VLAN Port Configuration
screen” on page 125). This screen allows you to set up a specific switch port.
VLAN Display by Port...
Displays the VLAN Display by Port screen (see “VLAN Display by Port screen”
on page 127).
Return to Switch
Configuration Menu
Exits the VLAN Configuration Menu screen and displays the Switch
Configuration Menu screen.
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VLAN Configuration screen
The VLAN Configuration screen (Figure 55) allows you to create and assign
VLAN port memberships to standalone or stacked unit ports. You can create
port-based and policy-based VLANs for the following purposes:
•
IEEE 802.1Q port-based VLANs allow you to explicitly configure switch
ports as VLAN port members.
When you create a port-based VLAN, you assign a Port VLAN Identifier (PVID)
manually, or use Auto PVID to assign it automatically.
When you configure ports as VLAN port members, they become part of a set of
ports, whether standalone or stacked unit ports, as VLAN port members of one or
more VLANs.
You can add or remove port members from a VLAN in accordance with the
IEEE 802.1Q tagging rules. See “IEEE 802.1Q VLAN workgroups” on page 54
for a description of important terms used with 802.1Q VLANs.
You can also use this screen to create and to delete specific VLANs, to assign
VLAN names, and to assign any VLAN as the management VLAN.
To open the VLAN Configuration screen:
Choose VLAN Configuration (or press v) from the VLAN Configuration
Menu screen.
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Figure 55 VLAN Configuration screen
Table 21 describes the VLAN Configuration screen fields.
Table 21 VLAN Configuration screen fields
Field
Description
Create VLAN
Allows you to set up or view configured VLAN workgroups. Enter the number of the
new VLAN you want to create or view, then press [Return]. The Port Membership
fields indicate the corresponding VLAN workgroup configuration, if configured.
Dashes (-) indicate no VLAN Members are configured. Alternatively, you can use
the space bar to toggle through the various configured VLAN workgroups. You can
create up to 32 different VLANs (except VLAN #1).
Default
Range
1
2 to 4094
Delete VLAN
Allows you to delete specified VLANs, except the assigned management VLAN
(See Management VLAN field). Enter the number of the VLAN you want to delete,
then press [Return], or use the space bar to toggle through the selection until you
The specified VLAN is deleted as soon as you press [Return]. The software does
not prompt you to reconsider this action. If you delete a VLAN, all configuration
parameters that are associated with that VLAN are deleted also.
You cannot delete VLAN 1. By default, all switch ports are assigned as untagged
members of VLAN 1 with all ports configured as PVID = 1. See “IEEE 802.1Q VLAN
workgroups” on page 54 for more information.
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Table 21 VLAN Configuration screen fields (continued)
Field
Description
Default
Range
blank field
2 to 4094
VLAN Name
Allows you to assign a name field to configured VLANs.
Default
Range
VLAN # (VLAN number)
Any ASCII string of up to 16 printable characters
Management VLAN Allows you to assign any VLAN as the management VLAN. VLAN 1 is the default
management VLAN for the switch. To set this field, the VLAN State field value must
be Active.
Default
Range
No
Yes, No
User-Defined PID
VLAN State
Allows you to create your own user-defined VLAN where you specify the Protocol
Identifier (PID) for the VLAN. To set this field, the VLAN State field must be set to
Inactive. Some restrictions apply.
Default
Range
0x0000
Any 16-bit hexadecimal value (for example, 0xABCD)
Allows you to activate your newly created VLAN.
The following field values: VLAN Type, Protocol Id (PID), or User-defined PID must
be configured appropriately before this field can be set to active. After you set the
VLAN State field value to Active, you cannot change the VLAN State, VLAN Type,
Protocol Id, or User-defined PID field values, unless you delete the VLAN.
If you delete a VLAN, all configuration parameters that are associated with that
VLAN are also deleted.
Default
Range
Inactive
Inactive, Active
Port Membership
The ports can be configured in one or more VLANs. To set this field, you must set
the VLAN State field to Active. Certain restrictions apply for Gigabit and BayStack
410 ports.
This field is dependent on the Tagging field value in the VLAN Port Configuration
screen (see the Tagging field description in “VLAN Port Configuration screen fields”
on page 126).
For example:
•
When the Tagging field is set to Untagged Access, you can set the Port
Membership field as an untagged port member (U) or as a non-VLAN port
member (-).
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Table 21 VLAN Configuration screen fields (continued)
Field Description
•
When the Tagging field is set to Tagged Trunk, you can set the Port Membership
field as a tagged port member (T) or as a non-VLAN port
member (-).
The Port Membership fields are displayed in six-port groups (for example, 1-6, 7-12,
13-18). The number of ports displayed depends on the switch model or type of
optional GBIC installed in the Uplink Module slot.
Default
Range
U, T, and -
VLAN Port Configuration screen
The VLAN Port Configuration screen (Figure 56) allows you to configure
the creation of VLAN broadcast domains (see “Shared servers” on page 63 for
more information about setting up VLAN broadcast domains).
You can configure specified switch ports to filter (discard) all received untagged
frames (see “IEEE 802.1Q VLAN workgroups” on page 54).
To open the VLAN Port Configuration screen.
Choose VLAN Port Configuration (or press c) from the VLAN
Configuration Menu screen.
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Figure 56 VLAN Port Configuration screen
Table 22 describes the VLAN Port Configuration screen fields.
Table 22 VLAN Port Configuration screen fields
Field
Unit
Description
Allows you to select a switch in your stack. To view another switch, type
its switch number and press [Enter], or press the spacebar to toggle the
switch numbers.
Port
Allows you to select the number of the port you want to view or
configure. To view another port, type its port number and press [Enter],
or press the spacebar to toggle the port numbers.
Filter Untagged Frames
Sets this port to filter (discard) all received untagged frames.
Default
Range
No
No, Yes
Port Name
The default port name (with associated stack unit number when
configured) assigned to this port. You can change this field to any name
that is up to 16 characters long.
Default
Range
Unit x, Port x
Any ASCII string of up to 16 printable characters
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Table 22 VLAN Port Configuration screen fields (continued)
Field
PVID
Description
Associates this port with a specific VLAN. For example, a port with a
PVID of 3 assigns all untagged frames received on this port to VLAN 3.
Default
Range
1
1 to 4094
Tagging
Allows you to assign VLAN Port Membership tagging options to this port,
as follows:
•
Untagged Access: Any VLAN that this port is a member of will not be
802.1Q tagged.
Default
Range
Untagged Access
Auto PVID
Specifies the port VLAN identifier (PVID) automatically
VLAN Display by Port screen
The VLAN Display by Port screen (Figure 57) allows you to view VLAN
characteristics associated with a specified switch port.
Choose VLAN Display by Port (or press d) from the VLAN Configuration Menu
screen to open the VLAN Display by Port screen.
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Figure 57 VLAN Display by Port screen
Table 23 describes the VLAN Display by Port screen fields.
Table 23 VLAN Display by Port screen fields
Field
Unit
Description
Allows you to select a switch in your stack. To view another switch, type its switch
number and press [Enter], or press the spacebar to toggle the switch numbers.
Port
Allows you to select the number of the port you want to view. To view another port,
type its port number and press [Enter], or press the spacebar on your keyboard to
toggle the port numbers.
PVID
Read-only field that indicates the PVID setting for the specified port.
Read-only field that indicates the port name assigned to the specified port.
Port Name
VLANs
Column header for the read-only fields listing the VLANs associated with the
specified port.
VLAN Name
Column header for the read-only fields listing the VLAN Names associated with the
specified port.
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Port Configuration screen
The Port Configuration screen (Figures 58 and 59) allows you to configure
specific switch ports or all switch ports. You can enable or disable the port status
of specified switch ports, set the switch ports to autonegotiate for the highest
available speed of the connected station, or set the speed for selected switch ports
(autonegotiation is not supported on fiber optic ports).
You can disable switch ports that are trunk members; however, the screen prompts
for verification of the request before completing the action. Choosing [Yes]
disables the port and removes it from the trunk.
Note: The Autonegotiation fields, the Speed fields, and the Duplex
fields are independent of MultiLink Trunking, VLANs, and the STP.
To open the Port Configuration screen:
Choose Port Configuration (or press p) from the Switch Configuration Menu
screen.
Figure 58 Port Configuration screen (1 of 2)
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130 Chapter 3 Using the console interface
Figure 59 Port Configuration screen (2 of 2)
Table 24 describes the Port Configuration screen fields.
Table 24 Port Configuration screen fields
Field
Port
Description
that you set in the Switch row will affect all switch ports and, when the switch is part
of a stack, the values that you set in the Stack row will affect all ports in the entire
stack (except the GBIC ports or fiber optic ports).
Trunk
The read-only data displayed in this column indicates the trunks that correspond to
the switch ports specified in the Trunk Members fields of the Trunk Configuration
screen (see “MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu screen” on page 133).
Status
Allows you to disable any of the switch ports. You can also use this field to control
access to any switch port.
Default Value
Range
Enabled
Enabled, Disabled
Link
A read-only field that indicates the current link state of the corresponding port, as
follows:
•
•
Up: The port is connected and operational.
Down: The port is not connected or is not operational.
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Table 24 Port Configuration screen fields (continued)
Field
Description
LnkTrap
Allows you to control whether link up/link down traps are sent to the configured trap
sink from the switch.
Default Value
Range
On
On, Off
Autonegotiation
Speed/Duplex1
When enabled, sets the corresponding port speed to match the best service provided
by the connected station, up to 100 Mb/s in full-duplex mode. This field is disabled for
all fiber optic ports.
Default Value
Range
Enabled
Enabled, Disabled
Allows you to manually configure any port to support an Ethernet speed of 10 Mb/s
or 100 Mb/s, in half- or full-duplex mode. This field is set (by default) to 1000 Mb/s,
full-duplex for Gigabit ports only.
Default Value
Range
100Mbs/Half (when Autonegotiation is Disabled)
10Mbs/Half, 10Mbs/Full, 100Mbs/Half, 100Mbs/Full
1
Fiber optic ports can only be set to 100 Mb/s/Half or 100 Mb/s Full.
High Speed Flow Control Configuration screen
The High Speed Flow Control Configuration screen (Figure 60) allows you to set
the port parameters for the Gigabit Ethernet Interface.
Note: The GBIC module does not need to be installed to configure the
port.
Choose High Speed Flow Control Configuration (or press h) from the Switch
Configuration Menu screen to open the High Speed Flow Control Configuration
screen.
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132 Chapter 3 Using the console interface
Figure 60 High Speed Flow Control Configuration
Table 25 describes the High Speed Flow Control Configuration screen fields.
Table 25 High Speed Flow Control Configuration screen fields
Field
Unit
Description
Allows you to select the unit number (when stacking is configured) to view or
configure. To view or configure another unit, type its unit number and press
[Enter], or press the spacebar to toggle the unit numbers (the system only
displays a screen for units that are configured with a Gigabit MDA).
Autonegotiation
Flow Control
When enabled, the port only advertises support for 1000 Mb/s operation, in
full-duplex mode.
Default Value
Range
Enabled
Enabled, Disabled
Allows you to control traffic and avoid congestion on the Gigabit MDA port. Two
modes are available (see “Choosing a high speed flow control mode,” next, for
details about the two modes). The Flow Control field cannot be configured
unless you set the Autonegotiation field value to Disabled.
Default Value
Range
Disabled
Disabled, Symmetric, Asymmetric
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Choosing a high speed flow control mode
The high speed flow control feature allows you to control traffic and avoid
congestion on the Gigabit full-duplex link. If the receive port buffer becomes full,
the BayStack 420 Switch issues a flow-control signal to the device at the other end
of the link to suspend transmission. When the receive buffer is no longer full, the
switch issues a signal to resume the transmission. You can choose Symmetric or
Asymmetric flow control mode.
Symmetric mode
This mode allows both the GBIC port and its link partner to send flow control
pause frames to each other.
When a pause frame is received (by either the GBIC port or its link partner), the
port suspends transmission of frames for a number of slot times specified in the
control frame or until a pause-release control frame is received. Both devices on
the link must support this mode when it is selected.
Asymmetric mode
This mode allows the link partner to send flow control pause frames to the GBIC
port. When a pause frame is received, the receiving port suspends transmission of
frames for a number of slot times specified in the control frame or until a
pause-release control frame is received.
In this mode, the GBIC port is disabled from transmitting pause frames to its link
device.
MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu screen
The MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu screen (Figure 61) allows you to select
the appropriate screen to configure up to six MultiLink Trunks (you can group up
to four switch ports together to form each trunk).
You can configure up to six MultiLink Trunks in each stack, with trunk members
in either a single unit or distributed between units within the stack configuration
(distributed trunking).
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You can monitor the bandwidth usage for the trunk member ports within each
trunk. For more information about configuring MultiLink Trunks, see “MultiLink
Trunks” on page 70.
Note: When a trunk is not active (Trunk Status field set to Disabled),
configuration changes do not take effect until you set the Trunk Status
field to Enabled.
To open the MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu screen:
Choose MultiLink Trunk Configuration (or press t) from the Switch
Configuration Menu screen.
Figure 61 MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu screen
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Table 26 MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu options
Option
Description
MultiLink Trunk
Configuration...
Displays the MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen (Figure 62). This screen
allows you to configure up to six MultiLink Trunks within a standalone switch or
within a stack configuration. You can group up to four switch ports together to
form each trunk.
MultiLink Trunk
Utilization...
Displays the MultiLink Trunk Utilization screen (Figure 63 and Figure 64). This
screen allows you to monitor the bandwidth utilization of the configured trunks.
Return to Switch
Configuration Menu
Configuration Menu screen.
MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen
The MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen (Figure 62) allows you to configure up
to six trunks in a standalone switch or stack. In a stack configuration, trunk
members can be distributed between any of the units within the same stack
configuration.
To open the MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen:
Choose Trunk Configuration (or press t) from the MultiLink Trunk
Configuration Menu screen.
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Figure 62 MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen
Table 27 describes the MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen fields.
Table 27 MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen fields
Field
Description
Trunk
Column header for the read-only fields in this screen. The read-only data displayed in
the Trunk column indicates the trunk (1 to 6) that corresponds to the switch ports
specified in the user-configurable Trunk Members fields.
Trunk Members The Trunk Members column contains fields in each row that can be configured to create
(Unit/Port)
the corresponding trunk. The Unit value in the (Unit/Port) field is configurable only when
the switch (unit) is part of a stack configuration. It indicates that the trunk members in
this row are associated with the specified unit number configured in the Unit field. Each
switch port can only be a member of a single trunk. The appropriate trunk number for
each trunk member configured within this field is shown adjacent to the corresponding
switch port in the following screens: Port Configuration screen, and Spanning Tree
Configuration screen.
Default Value
Range
blank field
1 to 8 or 1 to 28 (depending on model type)
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Table 27 MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen fields (continued)
Field
Description
STP Learning
The STP Learning column contains a single field for each row that, when enabled,
allows the specified trunk to participate in the spanning tree. This setting overrides those
of the individual trunk members.
Fast is the same as Normal, except that the state transition timer is shortened to two
seconds.
Default Value
Range
Normal
Normal, Fast, Disabled
Trunk Mode
The Trunk Mode column contains a single read only field for each row that indicates the
default operating mode for the switch.
Basic: Basic mode is the default mode for the switch. When in this mode, source MAC
addresses are dynamically assigned to specific trunk members for flooding and
forwarding, which allows the switch to stabilize and distribute the data streams of source
addresses across the trunk members.
Trunk Status
Trunk Name
The Trunk Status column contains a single field for each row that allows users to enable
or disable any of the trunks.
Default Value
Range
Disabled
Enabled, Disabled
The Trunk Name column contains a single optional field in each row that can be used to
assign names to the corresponding configured trunks. The names chosen for this
indicates Trunk 1, in switch S1 connects to File Server 2).
MultiLink Trunk Utilization screen
monitor the percentage of bandwidth used by configured trunk members. You can
choose the type of traffic to monitor.
Figure 63 shows an example of bandwidth utilization rates for the trunk member
ports configured in Figure 62. Because two screens are necessary to show all of
the configured trunks (up to six), the screen prompts you to Press [Ctrl]-N to view
trunks five and six.
Choose MultiLink Trunk Utilization (or press u) from the MultiLink Trunk
Configuration Menu screen to open the MultiLink Trunk Utilization screen.
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Table 28 describes the MultiLink Trunk Utilization screen fields.
Table 28 MultiLink Trunk Utilization screen fields
Field
Description
Trunk
Column header for the read-only fields in this screen. The read-only data displayed in
this column indicates the trunk (1 to 6) that corresponds to the switch ports specified
in the Port field.
Traffic Type
Unit/Port
Allows you to choose the traffic type to be monitored for percent of bandwidth
utilization (see Range).
Default Value
Range
Rx and Tx
Rx and Tx, Rx, Tx
Lists the trunk member ports that correspond to the trunk specified in the Trunk
column. The (Unit/) extension to the Port column name only appears when the switch
(unit) is part of a stack configuration. It indicates that the ports in this row are
associated with the specified unit number configured in the Unit field.
Last 5 Minutes
Last 30 Minutes
Last Hour
This read-only field indicates the percentage of packets (of the type specified in the
Traffic Type field) utilized by the port in the last 5 minutes. This field provides a
running average of network activity and is updated every 15 seconds.
This read-only field indicates the percentage of packets (of the type specified in the
Traffic Type field) utilized by the port in the last 30 minutes. This field provides a
running average of network activity and is updated every 15 seconds.
This read-only field indicates the percentage of packets (of the type specified in the
Traffic Type field) utilized by the port in the last 60 minutes. This field provides a
running average of network activity and is updated every 15 seconds.
Port Mirroring Configuration screen
The Port Mirroring Configuration screen allows you to configure a specific switch
stack configuration, you can monitor ports that reside on different units within the
stack.
For more information about the port mirroring feature, see “Port mirroring
(conversation steering)” on page 39.
Figure 65 shows an example of a Port Mirroring Configuration screen.
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140 Chapter 3 Using the console interface
To open the Port Mirroring Configuration screen:
Choose Port Mirroring Configuration (or press i) from the Switch
Configuration Menu screen.
Figure 65 Port Mirroring Configuration screen
Table 29 Port Mirroring Configuration screen fields
Field
Description
Monitoring Mode
Allows a user to select any one of six port-based monitoring modes or any one of five
the six port-based modes activates the port X and port Y screen fields, where a user
can choose up to two ports to monitor. Selecting any one of the five address-based
modes activates the Address A and Address B screen fields, where a user can
specify MAC addresses to monitor.
Default Value
Range
Disabled
See Table 30 on page 141
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Table 29 Port Mirroring Configuration screen fields (continued)
Field
Description
Monitor Unit/Port
Indicates the port number (of the specified unit) that is designated as the monitor
port.
Default Value
Range
Zero-length string
1 to 8/ 1 to 28 (depending on model type)
Unit/Port X
Indicates one of the ports (of the specified unit) that will be monitored by the
designated port monitor when one of the port-based monitoring modes is selected.
field (see Table 30).
Default Value
Range
Zero-length string
1 to 8/ 1 to 28 (depending on model type)
Table 30 describes the various monitoring modes available from the Port
Mirroring Configuration screen.
Table 30 Monitoring modes
Field
Description
Port-based:
Disabled
Default value for this feature.
-> Port X
Monitor all traffic received by Port X.
Port Statistics screen
The Port Statistics screen (Figure 66) allows you to view detailed information
about any switch or port in a stacked or standalone configuration. The screen is
divided into two sections (Received and Transmitted) so that you can compare
and evaluate throughput or other port parameters. All screen data is updated
You can use the Port Statistics screen to clear (reset to zero) port counters for a
specific switch or port. Alternatively, you can use the Clear All Port Statistics
option to clear port counters for all switches or ports (see “Switch Configuration
Menu screen” on page 103).
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To open the Port Statistics screen:
Choose Display Port Statistics (or press d) from the Switch Configuration
Menu screen.
Figure 66 Port Statistics screen
Table 31 describes the Port Statistics screen fields.
Note: In a stacked configuration, the Port Statistics screen appears in a
slightly different format when the port selected in the Unit/Port field is
configured with a GBIC.
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Table 31 Port Statistics screen fields
Field
Unit
Description
Only appears if the switch is participating in a stack configuration. The field allows
you to select the number of the unit you want to view or configure. To view or
configure another unit, type its unit number and press [Enter], or press the
spacebar on your keyboard to toggle the unit numbers.
Port
Allows you to select the number of the port you want to view or reset to zero.
To view another port, type its port number and press [Enter], or press the spacebar
on your keyboard to toggle the port numbers.
Packets
Received column: Indicates the total number of packets received on this port,
including bad packets, broadcast packets, and multicast packets.
Transmitted column: Indicates the total number of packets transmitted successfully
on this port, including broadcast packets and multicast packets.
Multicasts
Received column: Indicates the total number of good multicast packets received
on this port, excluding broadcast packets.
Transmitted column: Indicates the total number of multicast packets transmitted
successfully on this port, excluding broadcast packets.
Broadcasts
Received column: Indicates the total number of good broadcast packets received
on this port.
Transmitted column: Indicates the total number of broadcast packets transmitted
successfully on this port.
Total Octets
Lost Packets
Packets 64 bytes
65-127 bytes
Received column: Indicates the total number of octets of data (including data in
bad packets) received on this port, excluding framing bits but including FCS octets.
Transmitted column: Indicates the total number of octets of data transmitted
successfully on this port, including FCS octets.
Received column: Indicates the total number of packets lost (discarded) when the
capacity of the port receive buffer was exceeded.
Transmitted column: Indicates the total number of packets lost (discarded) when
the capacity of the port transmit buffer was exceeded.
Received column: Indicates the total number of 64-byte packets received on this
port.
Transmitted column: Indicates the total number of 64-byte packets transmitted
successfully on this port.
Received column: Indicates the total number of 65-byte to 127-byte packets
received on this port.
Transmitted column: Indicates the total number of 65-byte to 127-byte packets
transmitted successfully on this port.
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Table 31 Port Statistics screen fields (continued)
Field
Description
128-255 bytes
Received column: Indicates the total number of 128-byte to 255-byte packets
received on this port.
Transmitted column: Indicates the total number of 128-byte to 255-byte packets
transmitted successfully on this port.
256-511 bytes
512-1023 bytes
1024-1518 bytes
Received column: Indicates the total number of 256-byte to 511-byte packets
received on this port.
Transmitted column: Indicates the total number of 256-byte to 511-byte packets
transmitted successfully on this port.
Received column: Indicates the total number of 512-byte to 1023-byte packets
received on this port.
Transmitted column: Indicates the total number of 512-byte to 1023-byte packets
transmitted successfully on this port.
Received column: Indicates the total number of 1024-byte to 1518-byte packets
received on this port.
Transmitted column: Indicates the total number of 1024-byte to 1518-byte packets
transmitted successfully on this port.
Frame Errors
Indicates the total number of valid-size packets that were received but discarded
because of CRC errors and improper framing.
Undersized Packets
Oversized Packets
Indicates the total number of packets received on this port with fewer than 64 bytes
and with proper CRC and framing (also known as short frames or runts).
Indicates the total number of packets received on this port with more than 1518
bytes and with proper CRC and framing (also known as oversized frames).
Filtered Packets
Flooded Packets
Indicates the number of packets filtered (not forwarded) by this port.
Indicates the total number of packets flooded (forwarded) through this port
because the destination address was not in the address database.
FCS Errors
Indicates the total number of valid-size packets that were received with proper
framing but discarded because of cyclic redundancy check (CRC) errors.
Collisions
Indicates the total number of collisions detected on this port.
Single Collisions
Indicates the total number of packets that were transmitted successfully on this
port after a single collision.
Multiple Collisions
Indicates the total number of packets that were transmitted successfully on this
port after more than one collision.
Excessive Collisions Indicates the total number of packets lost on this port due to excessive collisions.
Deferred Packets
Indicates the total number of frames that were delayed on the first transmission
attempt, but never incurred a collision.
Late Collisions
Indicates the total number of packet collisions that occurred after a total length of
time that exceeded 512 bit-times of packet transmission.
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Table 31 Port Statistics screen fields (continued)
Field
Description
The following field values appear only when the port selected in the Unit/Port field is configured with a GBIC.
Pause Frames
(Port 25 only)
Transmitted column: Indicates the total number of pause frames transmitted on
this port. Pause frames cause the transmitting port to temporarily suspend the
transmission of packets when the receiving port’s frame buffer is full (Gigabit ports
only).
Received column: Indicates the total number of pause frames received on this
port. Pause frames cause the transmitting port to temporarily suspend the
only).
System Log screen
The System Log screen (Figure 67) displays or clears messages obtained from
system nonvolatile random access memory (NVRAM) or dynamic random access
memory (DRAM) and NVRAM. When the switch is part of a stack configuration,
the System screen displays only the data for the BayStack 420 Switch you are
connected to through the Console/Comm port.
System Log messages operate as follows:
•
•
•
•
•
NVRAM messages are retrievable after a system reset.
DRAM messages can be viewed while the system is operational.
All NVRAM and DRAM messages are time stamped.
When you restart your system after a reset, the DRAM messages are deleted.
After a reset, all messages stored in NVRAM are copied to DRAM (DRAM
messages are not copied to NVRAM). The messages copied to DRAM are
time stamped to zero (0).
To open the System Log screen:
Choose Display System Log (or press y) from the main menu.
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Figure 67 System Log screen
Table 32 describes the System Log screen fields.
Table 32 System Log screen fields
Field
Unit
Description
This field only appears if the switch is participating in a stack configuration. The
field allows you to select the unit number of the BayStack 420 Switch you want
to view. To view the log messages of another BayStack 420 Switch, type its unit
number and press [Enter], or press the spacebar on your keyboard to toggle the
unit numbers.
Display Messages
From
This field allows you to select the RAM source your messages are obtained
from. Choose Non Volatile (NVRAM) or Volatile (DRAM) + Non Volatile. Use the
spacebar to toggle between the options.
Default
Range
Non Volatile
Non Volatile, Volatile, Volatile + Non Volatile
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Table 32 System Log screen fields (continued)
Field
Description
Display configuration
complete?
This field allows you to determine whether the configuration information received
from NVRAM/DRAM (depending on what is selected in the Display Messages
From field) is complete. Use the spacebar to toggle between the options.
Default
Range
No
No, Yes
Clear Messages From
This field allows you to clear the information messages from DRAM, NVRAM or
both. If you clear DRAM messages, existing NVRAM messages are copied into
DRAM. After a system reset, all existing NVRAM messages are copied to
DRAM. Use the spacebar to toggle between the options.
Default
Range
None
None, NVRAM, DRAM + NVRAM
Console/Comm Port Configuration screen
The Console/Comm Port Configuration screen (Figure 68) allows you to
configure and modify the console/comm port parameters and security features of a
standalone switch or any participating switch in a stack configuration.
To open the Console/Comm Port Configuration screen:
Choose Console/Comm Port Configuration (or press o) from the main menu.
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Figure 68 Console/Comm Port Configuration screen
Table 33 describes the Console/Comm Port Configuration screen fields.
Table 33 Console/Comm Port Configuration screen fields
Field
Description
Comm Port Data Bits
Comm Port Parity
A read-only field that indicates the current console/comm port data bit setting.
A read-only field that indicates the current console/comm port parity setting.
A read-only field that indicates the current console/comm port stop bit setting.
Comm Port Stop Bits
Console Port Speed
Allows you to set the console/comm port baud rate to match the baud rate of the
console terminal.
Default Value: 9600 Baud
Range:
2400 Baud, 4800 Baud, 9600 Baud, 19200 Baud, 38400 Baud
Caution: If you choose a baud rate that does not match your console
terminal baud rate, you will lose communication with the configuration
interface when you press [Enter]. If communication is lost, set your
console terminal to match the new service port setting.
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Table 33 Console/Comm Port Configuration screen fields (continued)
Field
Description
Achtung: Bei Auswahl einer Baud rate, die nicht mit der Baudrate des
Konsolenterminals übereinstimmt, geht die Kommunikation mit der
Konsolenschnittstelle verloren, wenn Sie die Eingabetaste drücken.
Stellen Sie in diesem Fall das Konsolenterminal so ein, daß es mit der
neuen Einstellung der Service-Schnittstelle übereinstimmt.
Attention: Si vous sélectionnez un débit différent de celui de votre
terminal, vous perdrez le contact avec l'interface de votre console dès
que vous appuierez sur [Entrée]. Pour restaurer la communication,
alignez le débit de votre terminal sur le nouveau débit de votre port de
service.
Precaución: Si selecciona una velocidad de transmisión que no
coincide con la velocidad de transmisión del terminal de la consola,
perderá la comunicación con el interfaz de la consola al pulsar [Intro]. Si
se pierde la comunicación, ajuste el terminal de la consola para que
coincida con el nuevo valor del puerto de servicio.
Attenzione: Nel caso in cui si scelga una velocità di trasmissione non
corrispondente a quella del terminale della console, la comunicazione
con l'interfaccia della console cadrà premendo il tasto [Invio]. Se la
comunicazione cade, impostare il terminale della console in modo tale
che corrisponda alla nuova impostazione della porta di servizio.
Console Switch
Password Type
Enables password protection for accessing the console interface (CI) of a
standalone switch through a console terminal.
If you set this field to Required, you can use the Logout option to restrict access
to the CI. Thereafter, you will need to specify the correct password at the
console-terminal prompt. See Console Read-Only Switch Password and
Console Read-Write Switch Password for more information.
Default Value
Range
None
None, Local Password, RADIUS Authentication
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Table 33 Console/Comm Port Configuration screen fields (continued)
Field
Description
Console Stack
Password Type
Enables password protection for accessing the console interface (CI) of any
participating switch in a stack configuration through a console terminal.
If you set this field to Required, you can use the Logout option to restrict access
to the CI of any stack unit. Thereafter, you will need to specify the correct
password at the console-terminal prompt when accessing the stack. See
Console Read-Only Stack Password and Console Read-Write Stack Password
for more information.
Default Value
Range
None
None, Local Password, RADIUS Authentication
TELNET Switch
Password Type
Enables password protection for accessing the console interface (CI) of a
standalone switch through a Telnet session.
If you set this field to Required, you can use the Logout option to restrict access
to the CI. Thereafter, you will need to specify the correct password at the
console-terminal prompt. See Console Read-Only Switch Password and
Console Read-Write Switch Password descriptions for more information.
Default Value
Range
None
None, Local Password, RADIUS Authentication
TELNET Switch
Password Type
Enables password protection for accessing the console interface (CI) of any
participating switch in a stack configuration, through a Telnet session.
If you set this field to Required, you can use the Logout option to restrict access
to the CI of any stack unit. Thereafter, you will need to specify the correct
password at the console-terminal prompt when accessing the stack. See
Console Read-Only Stack Password and Console Read-Write Stack Password
for more information.
Default Value
Range
None
None, Local Password, RADIUS Authentication
Console Read-Only
Switch Password
When the Console Switch Password field is set to Required (for Telnet, for
Console, or for Both), this field allows read-only password access to the CI of a
standalone switch. Users can access the CI using the correct password (see
default), but cannot change parameters or use the Reset option or Reset to
Default option.
Default Value
Range
user
An ASCII string of up to 15 printable characters
Console Read-Write
Switch Password
When the Console Switch Password field is set to Required (for Telnet, for
Console, or for Both), this field allows read-write password access to the CI of a
standalone switch. Users can log in to the CI using the correct password (see
default) and can change any parameter, except the stack passwords.
You can change the default passwords for read-only access and read-write
access to a private password.
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Table 33 Console/Comm Port Configuration screen fields (continued)
Field
Description
Default Value: secure
Range:
Any ASCII string of up to 15 printable characters
Caution: If you change the system-supplied default passwords, be
sure to write the new passwords down and keep them in a safe place. If
you forget the new passwords, you cannot access the console interface.
In that case, contact Nortel Networks for help.
Achtung: Wenn Sie die für das System standardmäßig eingestellten
Paßwörter ändern, notieren Sie sich die neuen Paßwörter, und
bewahren Sie sie an einem sicheren Ort auf. Falls Sie die neuen
Paßwörter vergessen, können Sie nicht mehr auf die
Konsolenschnittstelle zugreifen. Wenden Sie sich in diesem Fall an
Nortel Networks, um Unterstützung zu erhalten.
Attention: Si vous changez les mots de passe par défaut du système,
assurez-vous de bien noter vos nouveaux mots de passe et de les
conserver dans un endroit sûr. Si vous perdez vos nouveaux mots de
passe, vous ne pourrez plus accéder à votre interface. Le cas échéant,
veuillez contacter Nortel Networks.
Precaución: Si modifica las contraseñas predeterminadas asignadas
por el sistema, asegúrese de anotar las nuevas contraseñas y
guárdelas en un lugar seguro. Si olvida las nuevas contraseñas, no
podrá acceder al interfaz de la consola. En ese caso, póngase en
contacto con Nortel Networks para obtener ayuda al respecto.
Attenzione: In caso di modifica delle password predefinite nel sistema,
assicurarsi di annotare le nuove password e di conservarle in un luogo
sicuro. Nel caso in cui le nuove password vengano dimenticate, non
sarà possibile accedere all'interfaccia della console. In tal caso,
contattare la Nortel Networks per avere assistenza.
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Table 33 Console/Comm Port Configuration screen fields (continued)
Field
Description
Console Read-Only
Stack Password
When the Console Switch Password field is set to Required (for Telnet, for
Console, or for Both), this field allows read-only password access to the CI of
any participating switch in a stack configuration. Users can access the CI using
the correct password (see default), but cannot change any parameters or use
the Reset option or Reset to Default option.
Default Value
Range
user
An ASCII string of up to 15 printable characters
Console Read-Write
Stack Password
When the Console Switch Password field is set to Local Password (for Telnet, for
Console, or for Both), this field allows read-write password access to the CI of
any participating switch in a stack configuration. Users can log in to the CI using
the correct password (see default), and can change any parameter, except the
switch password.
You can change the default passwords for read-only access and read-write
access to a private password.
Default Value: secure
Range:
Any ASCII string of up to 15 printable characters
Caution: you change the system-supplied default passwords, be sure to
write the new passwords down and keep them in a safe place. If you
forget the new passwords, you cannot access the console interface. In
that case, contact Nortel Networks for help.
Achtung: Wenn Sie die für das System standardmäßig eingestellten
Paßwörter ändern, notieren Sie sich die neuen Paßwörter, und
bewahren Sie sie an einem sicheren Ort auf. Falls Sie die neuen
Paßwörter vergessen, können Sie nicht mehr auf die
Konsolenschnittstelle zugreifen. Wenden Sie sich in diesem Fall an
Nortel Networks, um Unterstützung zu erhalten.
Attention: Si vous changez les mots de passe par défaut du système,
assurez-vous de bien noter vos nouveaux mots de passe et de les
conserver dans un endroit sûr. Si vous perdez vos nouveaux mots de
passe, vous ne pourrez plus accéder à votre interface. Le cas échéant,
veuillez contacter Nortel Networks.
Precaución: Si modifica las contraseñas predeterminadas asignadas
por el sistema, asegúrese de anotar las nuevas contraseñas y
guárdelas en un lugar seguro. Si olvida las nuevas contraseñas, no
podrá acceder al interfaz de la consola. En ese caso, póngase en
contacto con Nortel Networks para obtener ayuda al respecto.
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Table 33 Console/Comm Port Configuration screen fields (continued)
Field Description
Attenzione: In caso di modifica delle password predefinite nel sistema,
assicurarsi di annotare le nuove password e di conservarle in un luogo
sicuro. Nel caso in cui le nuove password vengano dimenticate, non
sarà possibile accedere all'interfaccia della console. In tal caso,
contattare la Nortel Networks per avere assistenza.
Primary RADIUS Server The IP address of the Primary RADIUS server.
Default
Range
0.0.0.0 (no IP address assigned)
Four-octet dotted-decimal notation, where each octet is
represented as a decimal value, separated by a decimal point
Secondary RADIUS
Server
The IP address of the Secondary RADIUS server.
Default
Range
0.0.0.0 (no IP address assigned)
Four-octet dotted-decimal notation, where each octet is
represented as a decimal value, separated by a decimal point
RADIUS UPD Port
The user datagram protocol (UDP) port for the RADIUS server.
Default
Range
1645
0 to 65536
RADIUS Shared Secret Your special switch security code that provides authentication to the RADIUS
server.
Default
Range
Null string (which will not authenticate)
Any contiguous ASCII string that contains at least 1 printable
character, up to a maximum of 35
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Renumber Stack Units screen
The Renumber Stack Units screen (Figure 69) allows you to renumber the units
configured in the stack. When selected, this option identifies the unit number of
each unit in the stack configuration by lighting the corresponding number of (100
Mb/s port) LEDs on each unit for approximately 10 seconds. For example, unit 3
will display three LEDs.
Note: This menu option and screen appears only when the switch is
participating in a stack configuration.
To open the Renumber Stack Units screen:
Choose Renumber Stack Units (or press n) from the main menu.
Figure 69 Renumber Stack Units screen
Renumber Stack Units
Current Unit Number
-------------------
[ 1 ]
MAC Address
----------------------------
00-60-fd-77-a6-0c
New Unit Number
---------------
[ 1 ]
[ 2 ]
00-60-fd-77-a5-f0
[ 2 ]
[ 3 ]
[ 4 ]
00-60-fd-77-a4-4c
00-60-fd-77-ab-84
[ 3 ]
[ 4 ]
Renumbering stack units will cause an automatic Reset to Current Settings to
occur across the entire stack. The current configuration will be adapted to
the new numbering scheme. Check the stack configuration after the reset to
confirm the desired configuration is set.
Are you sure you want to renumber switches with the new settings? [ No ]
Use space bar to display choices, press <Return> or <Enter> to select choice.
Press Ctrl-R to return to previous menu. Press Ctrl-C to return to Main Menu.
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Table 34 describes the Renumber Stack Units screen fields.
Table 34 Renumber Stack Units screen fields
Field Description
Current Unit Number Read-only fields listing the current unit number of each of the configured stack
units. The entries in this column are displayed in order of their current physical
cabling with respect to the base unit, and can show nonconsecutive unit
numbering if one or more units were previously moved or modified. The entries can
also include unit numbers of units that are no longer participating in the stack (not
currently active).
MAC Address
Read-only field listing the MAC address of the corresponding unit listed in the
Current Unit Number field.
New Unit Number
User-settable field showing the current unit number of each unit in the stack. You
can change any of the fields, as required. You can also delete entries by typing
zero (0) or using the space bar to clear the field.
Default Value
Range
Current stack order
1 to 8
Renumber units with Specifies whether to start the renumbering process (default is No). Use the
new setting?
spacebar to toggle the selection to Yes.
Renumbering resets the switch with the current configuration values. When you
select this option, the switch resets, runs a self-test, then displays the Nortel
Networks logo screen. After you press [Ctrl]-Y at the screen prompt, the console
screen temporarily displays the (standalone) BayStack 420 Switch main menu.
Then, within 20 seconds, the console screen refreshes and displays the main
menu screen for the stack configuration. The Unit LEDs display the new
numbering order.
Default Value
Range
No
No, Yes
Hardware Unit Information screen
The Hardware Unit Information screen (Figure 70) lists the switch models,
including any installed GBICs that are configured in your standalone or stack
configuration.
To open the Hardware Unit Information screen:
Choose Display Hardware Units (or press h) from the main menu.
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156 Chapter 3 Using the console interface
Figure 70 Hardware Unit Information screen
Spanning Tree Configuration Menu screen
The Spanning Tree Configuration Menu screen (Figure 71) allows you to view
spanning tree parameters and configure individual switch ports to participate in
the spanning tree algorithm (STA). To modify any of the spanning tree
parameters, see your SNMP documentation.
To open the Spanning Tree Configuration Menu screen:
Choose Spanning Tree Configuration (or press p) from the main menu.
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Figure 71 Spanning Tree Configuration Menu screen
Table 35 Spanning Tree Configuration Menu options
Option
Description
Spanning Tree Port Configuration...
Displays the Spanning Tree Port Configuration screen (see
“Spanning Tree Port Configuration screen” on page 158).
Spanning Tree Switch Settings
Return to Main Menu
Displays the Spanning Tree Switch Settings screen (see
“Spanning Tree Switch Settings screen” on page 161).
Exits the Spanning Tree Configuration Menu and displays the
main menu.
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Spanning Tree Port Configuration screen
The Spanning Tree Port Configuration screen allows you to configure individual
switch ports or all switch ports for participation in the spanning tree.
Note: If spanning tree participation of any trunk member is changed
(enabled or disabled), the spanning tree participation of all members of
that trunk is changed similarly.
Figure 72 and Figure 73 show sample port configurations for the two Spanning
Tree Port Configuration screens.
Choose Spanning Tree Port Configuration (or press c) from the Spanning Tree
Configuration Menu to open the Spanning Tree Port Configuration screen.
Figure 72 Spanning Tree Port Configuration screen (1 of 2)
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Figure 73 Spanning Tree Port Configuration screen (2 of 2)
Table 36 describes the Spanning Tree Port Configuration screen fields.
Table 36 Spanning Tree Port Configuration screen fields
Field
Unit
Description
This field only appears if the switch is participating in a stack configuration. The field
allows you to select the number of the unit you want to view. To view another unit, type its
unit number and press [Enter], or press the spacebar on your keyboard to toggle the unit
numbers.
Port
screen (for example, the field values in row 2 apply to switch port 2). Note that the values
in the Switch row affect all switch ports and, when the switch is part of a stack, the values
in the Stack row affect all ports in the entire stack.
Trunk
The read-only data displayed in this column indicates the trunks that correspond to the
switch ports specified in the Trunk Members fields of the Trunk Configuration screen
(see “MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu screen” on page 133).
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Table 36 Spanning Tree Port Configuration screen fields (continued)
Field
Description
Participation
Allows you to configure any (or all) of the switch ports for Spanning tree participation.
When an individual port is a trunk member (see Trunk field), changing this setting for one
of the trunk members changes the setting for all members of that trunk. You should
consider how this can change your network topology before you change this setting.
The Fast Learning parameter is the same as Normal Learning, except that the state
transition timer is shortened to 2 seconds.
Default Value
Range
Normal Learning
Normal Learning, Fast Learning, Disabled
Priority
This read-only field is a bridge spanning tree parameter that prioritizes the port’s lowest
path cost to the root. When one or more ports have the same path cost, the STA selects
the path with the highest priority (lowest numerical value). See also Path Cost.
Default Value
Range
128
0 to 255
Path Cost
This read-only field is a bridge spanning tree parameter that determines the lowest path
cost to the root.
Default Value
10 or 100 (1 for Gigabit port)
Path Cost = 1000/LAN speed (in Mb/s)
The higher the LAN speed, the lower the path cost.
See also Priority.
Range
1 to 65535
State
This read-only field indicates the current port state within the spanning tree network.
Each port can transition to various states, as determined by the Participation field setting.
For example, when the Participation field is set to Disabled, the port does not participate
in the STA and transitions to the Forwarding state (the default). When the Participation
field is set to Enabled, the port transitions from the Disabled state through the Blocking,
Listening, and Learning states before entering the Forwarding state.
Default Value
Range
Topology dependent
Disabled, Blocking, Listening, Learning, Forwarding
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Spanning Tree Switch Settings screen
The Spanning Tree Switch Settings screen (Figure 74) allows you to view
spanning tree parameter values for the BayStack 420 Switch.
To open the Spanning Tree Switch Settings screen:
Choose Display Spanning Tree Switch Settings (or press d) from the
Spanning Tree Configuration Menu screen.
Figure 74 Spanning Tree Switch Settings screen
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Table 37 describes the Spanning Tree Switch Settings parameters.
Table 37 Spanning Tree Switch Settings parameters
Parameter Description
Bridge Priority Indicates the management-assigned priority value of the bridge ID in hexadecimal
notation, which is the most significant byte of the bridge ID. The STA uses this parameter
to determine the root bridge (or designated bridge). For example, the bridge with the
lowest bridge ID becomes the root bridge, with Bridge Priority values compared first,
followed by the hardware addresses.
Default Value
Range
8000
0 to 65535
Designated
Root
Indicates the bridge ID of the root bridge, as determined by the STA.
Default Value
Range
8000 (bridge_id)
0 to 65535
Root Port
Indicates the switch port number that offers the lowest path cost to the root bridge.
Default Value
Range
0
Unit: 0
Port: 28
Root Path Cost Indicates the path cost from this switch port to the root bridge.
Default Value
Range
0
Not applicable
Hello Time
Indicates the Actual Hello Interval, the amount of time between transmissions of
configuration Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs) that the root bridge is currently using.
Note that all bridges participating in the spanning tree network use the root bridge’s Hello
Interval parameter value. See also Bridge Hello Time.
Default Value
Range
2 seconds
1 to 10 seconds
Maximum Age
Time
Indicates the Maximum Age Time parameter value that the root bridge is currently using.
This value specifies the maximum age that a Hello message can attain before it is
discarded.
Note that the root bridge’s Maximum Age Time parameter value becomes the actual
Maximum Age Time parameter value for all bridges participating in the spanning tree
network. See also Bridge Maximum Age Time.
Default Value
Range
20 seconds
6 to 40 seconds
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Table 37 Spanning Tree Switch Settings parameters (continued)
Parameter Description
Forward Delay Indicates the Forward Delay parameter value that the root bridge is currently using. This
value specifies the amount of time that the bridge ports remain in the Listening and
Learning states before entering the Forwarding state.
Note that the root bridge’s Forward Delay parameter value becomes the actual Forward
Delay parameter value for all bridges participating in the spanning tree network. See also
Bridge Forward Delay.
Default Value
Range
15 seconds
4 to 30 seconds
Bridge Hello
Time
Indicates the Hello Interval (the amount of time between transmissions of BPDUs)
specified by management for this bridge. This parameter takes effect only when this
bridge becomes the root bridge.
Note that, although you can set the Hello Interval for a bridge using bridge management
software, once the spanning tree computation process is complete, all bridges
participating in the spanning tree network use the root bridge’s Hello Interval parameter
value. If any bridge becomes the root bridge, its Hello Interval parameter value becomes
the Actual Hello Interval parameter value for all bridges participating in the spanning tree
network. See also Hello Time.
Default Value
Range
2 seconds
1 to 10 seconds
Bridge
Maximum Age
Time
Specifies the maximum age (in seconds) that a Hello message can attain before it is
discarded. This parameter, specified by management for this bridge, takes effect only
when the bridge becomes the root bridge.
Note that, if this bridge becomes the root bridge, its Maximum Age Time parameter value
becomes the Actual Maximum Age Time parameter value for all bridges participating in
the spanning tree network. See also Maximum Age Time.
Default Value
Range
20 seconds
6 to 40 seconds
Bridge Forward Indicates the Forward Delay parameter value specified by management for this bridge.
Delay
This parameter takes effect only when this bridge becomes the root bridge.
The Forward Delay parameter value specifies the amount of time that the bridge ports
remain in the Listening and Learning states before entering the Forwarding state.
Note that all bridges participating in the spanning tree network use the root bridge’s
Forward Delay parameter value. See also Forward Delay.
Default Value
Range
15 seconds
4 to 30 seconds
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TELNET Configuration screen
The TELNET Configuration screen (Figure 75) allows a user at a remote console
terminal to communicate with the BayStack 420 Switch as if the console terminal
were directly connected to it. You can have up to four active Telnet sessions at one
time.
To open the TELNET Configuration screen:
Choose TELNET Configuration (or press t) from the main menu.
Figure 75 TELNET Configuration screen
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Table 38 describes the TELNET Configuration screen fields.
Table 38 TELNET Configuration screen fields
Field
Description
TELNET Access Allows a user remote access to the CI through a Telnet session.
Default Value:
Range:
Enabled
Enabled, Disabled
Login Timeout
Login Retries
Specifies the amount of time a user has to enter the correct password at the
console-terminal prompt.
Default Value:
Range:
1 minute
0 to 10 minutes (0 indicates “no timeout”)
Specifies the number of times a user can enter an incorrect password at the
console-terminal prompt before terminating the session.
Default Value:
Range:
3
Inactivity
Timeout
Specifies the amount of time the session can be inactive before it is terminated.
Default Value:
Range:
15 minutes
0 to 60 minutes (0 indicates “no timeout”)
Event Logging Specifies the types of events that will be displayed in the Event Log screen (see “System
Log screen” on page 145.
Default Value:
Range:
All
All, None, Accesses, Failures
Description:
All: Logs the following Telnet events to the Event Log screen:
•
•
•
TELNET connect: Indicates the IP address and access mode of a
Telnet session.
TELNET disconnect: Indicates the IP address of the remote host
and the access mode, due to either a logout or inactivity.
Failed TELNET connection attempts: Indicates the IP address of
the remote host whose IP address is not on the list of allowed
addresses, or indicates the IP address of the remote host that did
not supply the correct password.
None: Indicates that no Telnet events will be logged in the Event Log
screen.
Accesses: Logs only Telnet connect and disconnect events in the
Event Log screen.
Failures: Logs only failed Telnet connection attempts in the Event Log
screen.
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Table 38 TELNET Configuration screen fields (continued)
Field
Description
Allowed Source Specifies up to 10 user-assigned host IP addresses that are allowed Telnet access to the
IP Address
CI.
Default Value:
Range:
0.0.0.0 (no IP address assigned)
Four-octet dotted-decimal notation, where each octet is represented
as a decimal value, separated by a decimal point
Allowed Source Specifies up to 10 user-assigned allowed source address masks. The remote IP address
Mask
is masked with the Allowed Source Mask and, if the resulting value equals the Allowed
Source IP address, the connection is allowed.
For example, a connection would be allowed with the following settings:
Remote IP address = 192.0.1.5
Allowed Source IP Address = 192.0.1.0
Allowed Source Mask = 255.255.255.0
Default Value:
Range:
0.0.0.0 (no IP mask assigned)
as a decimal value, separated by a decimal point
Software Download screen
The Software Download screens (Figure 76 and Figure 77) allow you to revise the
BayStack 420 Switch software image that is located in nonvolatile flash memory.
Caution: Do not interrupt power to the device during the software
download process. If the power is interrupted, the firmware image can
become corrupted.
Achtung: Unterbrechen Sie die Stromzufuhr zum Gerät nicht, während
die Software heruntergeladen wird. Bei Unterbrechung der Stromzufuhr
kann das Firmware-Image beschädigt werden.
Attention: Ne pas couper l'alimentation de l'appareil pendant le
chargement du logiciel. En cas d'interruption, le programme résident
peut être endommagé.
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Precaución: No interrumpa la alimentación del dispositivo durante el
proceso de descarga del software. Si lo hace, puede alterar la imagen de
la programación (firmware).
Attenzione: Non interrompere l'alimentazione elettrica al dispositivo
durante il processo di scaricamento del software. In caso di interruzione,
l'immagine firmware potrebbe danneggiarsi.
To download the software image, you need a properly configured Trivial File
Transfer Protocol (TFTP) server in your network, and an IP address for the switch
(or stack, if configured). To learn how to configure the switch or stack IP address,
refer to “IP Configuration/Setup screen” on page 94.
To open the Software Download screen:
Choose Software Download (or press f) from the main menu.
You can monitor the software download process by observing the LEDs
(see “LED Indications during the download process” on page 169).
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Figure 76 Software Download screen for a BayStack 420 Switch stack
Table 39 describes the Software Download screen fields.
Table 39 Software Download screen fields
Field
Description
BayStack 420
Image Filename
The BayStack 420 Switch software image load file name.
NOTE: Certain software releases may require you to download two images: the boot
code image and the agent image. For proper operation of the switch, the new boot code
image must be downloaded before the agent image is downloaded.
Default Value
Range
Zero-length string
An ASCII string of up to 30 printable characters
BayStack 420
Diagnostics
Filename
The BayStack 420 Switch diagnostics file name.
Default Value
Range
Zero-length string
An ASCII string of up to 30 printable characters
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Chapter 3 Using the console interface 169
Table 39 Software Download screen fields (continued)
Field Description
TFTP Server IP The IP address of your TFTP load host.
Address
Default Value
Range
0.0.0.0 (no IP address assigned)
Four-octet dotted-decimal notation, where each octet is represented
as a decimal value, separated by a decimal point
Start TFTP Load Specifies whether to start the download of the switch software image (default is No).
of New Image
Use the spacebar to toggle the selection to Yes.
Press [Enter] to initiate the software download process.
NOTE: The software download process can take up to 60 seconds to complete (or more
if the load host path is congested or there is a high volume of network traffic).
To ensure that the download process is not interrupted, do not power down the switch for
approximately 10 minutes.
Default Value
Range
No
Yes, No
LED Indications during the download process
The software download process automatically completes without user
intervention. The process erases the contents of flash memory and replaces it with
a new software image. Be careful not to interrupt the download process until after
it runs to completion (the process can take up to 10 minutes, depending on
network conditions).
Note: If problems occur during the software download process, the
Software Download screen displays error codes that define the problem.
The error codes are described in Chapter 4, “Troubleshooting,” on page
173.
Configuration File Download/Upload screen
The Configuration File Download/Upload screen (Figure 77) allows you to store
your switch/stack configuration parameters on a TFTP server.
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170 Chapter 3 Using the console interface
You can retrieve the configuration parameters of a standalone switch or an entire
stack and use the retrieved parameters to automatically configure a replacement
switch or stack. Certain requirements apply when automatically configuring a
up the file on your TFTP server and set the filename read/write permission to
enabled before you can save the configuration parameters.
Although most configuration parameters are saved to the configuration file,
certain parameters are not saved (see Table 41 on page 172).
To open the Configuration File Download/Upload screen:
Choose Configuration File (or press g) from the main menu.
Figure 77 Configuration File Download/Upload screen
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Chapter 3 Using the console interface 171
Table 40 describes the Configuration File Download/Upload screen fields.
Table 40 Configuration File Download/Upload screen fields
Field
Description
Configuration Image
Filename
The file name you have chosen for the configuration file. Choose a
meaningful file name that will allow you to identify the file for retrieval when
required. The file must already exist on your TFTP server and must be read/
write enabled.
Default Value Zero-length string
Range
An ASCII string of up to 30 printable characters
TFTP Server IP Address The IP address of your TFTP load host.
Default Value 0.0.0.0 (no IP address assigned)
Range
Four-octet dotted-decimal notation, where each octet is
represented as a decimal value, separated by a decimal
point
Copy Configuration
Image to Server
Specifies whether to copy the presently configured switch/stack parameters to
the specified TFTP server (default is No).
Use the spacebar to toggle the selection to Yes.
Press [Enter] to initiate the process.
Default Value No
Range
Yes, No
Retrieve Configuration
Image from Server
Specifies whether to retrieve the stored switch/stack configuration parameters
from the specified TFTP server (default is No). If you choose Yes, the
download process begins immediately and, when completed, causes the
switch/stack to reset with the new configuration parameters.
Use the spacebar to toggle the selection to Yes.
Press [Enter] to initiate the process.
Default Value No
Range
Yes, No
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172 Chapter 3 Using the console interface
Requirements
The following requirements apply to the Configuration File feature:
•
The Configuration File feature can only be used to copy standalone switch
configuration parameters to other standalone switches or to copy stack
configuration parameters to other stack configurations.
For example, you cannot duplicate the configuration parameters of a unit in a
stack configuration and use it to configure a standalone switch.
•
•
A configuration file obtained from a standalone switch can only be used to
configure other standalone switches that have the same firmware revision and
model type as the donor standalone switch.
A configuration file obtained from a stack unit can only be used to configure
other stacks that have the same number of switches, firmware version, model
Reconfigured stacks are configured according to the unit order number of the
donor unit. For example, the configuration file parameters from a donor unit
with physical ID x are used to reconfigure the unit with physical ID x.
Table 41 describes configuration file parameter information.
Table 41 Parameters not saved to the configuration file
These parameters are not saved:
Used in this screen:
See page:
In-Band Stack IP Address
IP Configuration/Setup
94
In-Band Switch IP Address
In-Band Subnet Mask
Default Gateway
Console Read-Only Switch Password
Console Read-Write Switch Password
Console Read-Only Stack Password
Console Read-Write Stack Password
Configuration Image Filename
TFTP Server IP Address
Console/Comm Port Configuration
Configuration File Download/Upload
147
169
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173
Chapter 4
Troubleshooting
This chapter describes how to isolate and diagnose problems with your BayStack
420 Switch and covers the following topics:
•
•
“Interpreting the LEDs,” next
“Diagnosing and correcting problems” on page 175
The chapter topics lead you through a logical process for troubleshooting the
BayStack 420 Switch. For example, because LEDs provide visual indications
various states (Table 42) that your switch LEDs can exhibit during normal
operation.
For more help in determining the problem, “Diagnosing and correcting problems”
on page 175 describes symptoms and corrective actions (Table 43) you can
perform to resolve specific problems. Subsequent sections give step-by-step
Interpreting the LEDs
Figure 78 shows the BayStack 420 Switch LED display panel. Table 42 describes
the LEDs.
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174 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting
Figure 78 LED display panel
BayStack 420-24T Switch
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
11 13 15 17 19 21 23
10/100 Link Activity
HDX/FDX
Base
12/100 Link Activity
HDX/FDX
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Unit Set
9991EA
Table 42 BayStack 420 Switch LED descriptions
Label
Type
Color
State
Meaning
Power
On
Power status
Green
On
Off
Off
DC power is available to the switch’s internal circuitry.
No AC power to switch or power supply failed.
The switch is in standalone mode.
Cascade Stack mode
Up
Green
On
Off
On
On
Off
The switch is connected to the upstream unit’.
The switch is in standalone mode.
Cascade Stack mode
Down
Green
Green
The switch is connected to the downstream unit.
The switch is configured as the stack base unit.
Base
Base mode
The switch is not configured as the stack base unit (or is
in standalone mode).
Amber
Green
Amber
Due to a stacking error the unit is unable to maintain the
stack connection.
10/100
10/100 Mb/s
port speed
indicator
On
On
Off
The corresponding port is set to operate at 100 Mb/s, and
the link is good.
Link/
Activity
The corresponding port is set to operate at 10 Mb/s, and
the link is good.
The link connection is bad, or there is no connection to
this port.
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Chapter 4 Troubleshooting 175
Table 42 BayStack 420 Switch LED descriptions (continued)
Label
Type
Color
State
Meaning
Activity
Port activity
Green Blinking Indicates network activity for the corresponding port. A
high level of network activity can cause the LEDs to
appear to be on continuously.
HD/FD
Duplex Mode
Green On/
Off
The port is configured to full duplex.
The port is configured to half duplex.
Diagnosing and correcting problems
Before you perform the problem-solving steps in this section, cycle the power to
the BayStack 420 Switch (disconnect and then reconnect the AC power cord);
then verify that the switch follows the normal power-up sequence.
Warning: To avoid bodily injury from hazardous electrical current,
never remove the top cover of the device. There are no user-serviceable
components inside.
Vorsicht: Um Verletzungsgefahr durch einen elektrischen Stromschlag
auszuschließen, nehmen Sie niemals die obere Abdeckung vom Gerät
ab. Im Geräteinnern befinden sich keine Komponenten, die vom
Benutzer gewartet werden können.
Avertissement: Pour éviter tout risque d'électrocution, ne jamais
retirer le capot de l'appareil. Cet appareil ne contient aucune pièce
accessible par l'utilisateur.
Advertencia: A fin de evitar daños personales por corrientes eléctricas
peligrosas, no desmonte nunca la cubierta superior de este dispositivo.
Los componentes internos no son reparables por el usuario.
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176 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting
Avvertenza: Per evitare lesioni fisiche dovute a scariche pericolose di
corrente, non rimuovere mai il coperchio superiore del dispositivo. I
componenti interni non possono essere manipolati dall’utente.
Normal power-up sequence
In a normal power-up sequence, the LEDs appear as follows:
1
2
3
After power is applied to the switch, the Pwr (Power) LED turns on within 5
seconds.
The switch initiates a self-test, during which the port LEDs display various
patterns to indicate the progress of the self-test.
After the self-test, the remaining port LEDs indicate their operational status,
as described in Table 43.
Table 43 Corrective actions
Symptom
Probable cause
Corrective action
All LEDs are off.
The switch is not receiving AC Verify that the AC power cord is fastened
power.
securely at both ends and that power is available
at the AC power outlet.
The fans are not operating or Verify that there is sufficient space for adequate
the airflow is blocked, causing airflow on both sides of the switch.
the unit to overheat.
Note: Operating temperature for the
switch must not exceed 40°C (104°F). Do
not place the switch in areas where it can
be exposed to direct sunlight or near
warm air exhausts or heaters.
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Table 43 Corrective actions (continued)
Symptom
Probable cause
Corrective action
The Activity LED for a
The switch is experiencing a See “Port connection problems” next.
connected port is off or port connection problem.
does not blink (and you
The switch’s link partner is not
autonegotiating properly.
have reason to believe
that traffic is present).
Port connection problems
You can usually trace port connection problems to either a poor cable connection
or an improper connection of the port cables at either end of the link. To remedy
these types of problems, make sure that the cable connections are secure and that
the cables connect to the correct ports at both ends of the link.
Port connection problems are also traceable to the autonegotiation mode or the
port interface.
Autonegotiation modes
Port connection problems can occur when a port (or station) is connected to
another port (or station) that is not operating in a compatible mode (for example,
connecting a full-duplex port on one station to a half-duplex port on another
station).
The BayStack 420 Switch negotiates port speeds according to the IEEE 802.3u
autonegotiating standard. The switch adjusts (autonegotiates) its port speed and
duplex mode to match the best service provided by the connected station, up to
100 Mb/s in full-duplex mode as follows:
•
If the connected station uses a form of autonegotiation that is not compatible
with the IEEE 802.3u autonegotiating standard, the BayStack 420 Switch
cannot negotiate a compatible mode for correct operation.
•
If the autonegotiation feature is not present or not enabled at the connected
station, the BayStack 420 Switch may not be able to determine the correct
duplex modes.
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178 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting
In both situations, the BayStack 420 Switch “autosenses” the speed of the
connected station and, by default, reverts to half-duplex mode. If the connected
To correct this mode mismatch problem:
1
2
Use the Port Configuration screen to disable autonegotiation for the suspect
port (see “Port Configuration screen” on page 129).
Manually set the Speed/Duplex field to match the speed/duplex mode of the
connected station (see Table 24 on page 130).
You may have to try several settings before you find the correct speed/duplex
mode of the connected station.
If the problem persists:
1
2
Disable the autonegotiation feature at the connected station.
Manually set the speed/duplex mode of the connected station to the same
speed/duplex mode you have manually set for the BayStack 420 Switch port.
Port interface
Ensure that the devices are connected using the appropriate crossover or
straight-through cable (see Appendix D, “Connectors and pin assignments,” on
page 195), or that autonegotiation or autopolarity is active.
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179
Appendix A
Technical specifications
This appendix provides technical specifications for the BayStack 420 10/100/
Environmental
Table 44 lists environmental specifications for the BayStack 420 Switch.
Table 44 Environmental specifications
Parameter
Temperature
Humidity
Operating specification
Storage specification
0° to 40°C (32° to 104°F)
-25° to 70°C (-13° to 158°F)
85% maximum relative humidity, 95% maximum relative humidity,
noncondensing
noncondensing
Altitude
3024 m (10,000 ft)
3024 m (10,000 ft)
Electrical
Table 45 lists power electrical parameters for the BayStack 420 Switch.
Table 45 Electrical parameters
Parameter
Electrical specification
Input Voltage
100 to 240 VAC @ 47 to 63 Hz
50 W maximum
Input Power
Consumption
Input Volt
65 VA maximum
Amperes Rating
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180 Appendix A Technical specifications
Table 45 Electrical parameters (continued)
Parameter
Electrical specification
Input current
1 A @ 100 VAC
0.5 A @ 240 VAC
Maximum thermal 250 BTU/hr
output
Physical dimensions
Table 46 lists physical dimensions for the BayStack 420 Switch.
Table 46 Physical dimensions
Parameter
Height
Specifications
1.75 in (4.5 cm)
17.125 in (43.5 cm)
8.0 in (20.32 cm)
6.2 lb (2.82 kg)
Width
Depth
Weight
Performance specifications
Table 47 lists performance specifications for the BayStack 420 Switch.
Table 47 Performance specifications
Parameter
Specifications
Frame Forward Rate
(64-byte packets)
Up to 3.2 million packets per second (pps) maximum,
learned unicast traffic; 5.1 million packets per second (pps)
in a stack configuration
Port Forwarding/Filtering
Performance
(64-byte packets)
•
•
For 10 Mb/s: 14,880 pps maximum
For 100 Mb/s: 148,810 pps maximum
Address Database Size
Addressing
8,000 entries at line rate
48-bit MAC address
Frame Length
64 to 1518 bytes (IEEE 802.1Q Untagged)
68 to 1522 bytes (IEEE 802.1Q Tagged)
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Appendix A Technical specifications 181
Network protocol and standards compatibility
The following are protocols and standards used by the BayStack 420 Switch:
•
•
•
•
•
IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T (ISO/IEC 8802-3, Clause 14)
IEEE 802.3u 100BASE-TX (ISO/IEC 8802-3, Clause 25)
IEEE 802.1Q (VLAN Tagging)
IEEE 802.1z (Gigabit)
IEEE 802.1d (Spanning tree protocol)
Safety agency certification
•
•
•
•
•
•
The safety certifications follow for the BayStack 420 Switch:
UL Listed (UL 1950)
IEC 950/EN60950 (CB report) with all national deviations
C22.2 No. 950 (CUL)
UL-94-V1 flammability requirements for PC board
NOM (NOM-019)
Electromagnetic emissions
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
The electromagnetic emission standards for the BayStack 420 Switch:
US. CFR47, Part 15, Subpart B, Class A
Canada. ICES-003, Issue 2, Class A
Australia/New Zealand. AS/NZS 3548:1995, Class A
Japan. V-3/97.04:1997, Class A
Taiwan. CNS 13438, Class A
EN55022:1995, Class A
EN61000-3-2:1995
EN61000-3-3:1994
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183
Appendix B
Installing a Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC)
This appendix describes how to install and remove a Gigabit Interface Converter
(GBIC). It also provides a description of the GBIC, the GBIC label, and GBIC
specifications.
Product description
GBICs are hot-swappable input/output enhancement components designed for use
with Nortel Networks products to allow Gigabit Ethernet ports to link with fiber
optic networks.
The following GBIC versions are available for the BayStack 420 Switch:
•
•
1000BASE-SX—uses multimode fiber over distances up to 550 meters
1000BASE-LX—uses multimode fiber over distances up to 550 meters or
single-mode fiber over distances up to 10 kilometers
•
•
1000BASE-XD—uses single-mode fiber over distances up to 50 km
1000BASE-ZX—uses single-mode fiber over distances up to 70 km
GBICs are available in different case styles. One type has two spring tabs at the
front of the GBIC; the other type has an extractor handle on the front.
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184 Appendix B Installing a Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC)
Figure 79 Types of GBICs
GBIC model with
extractor tabs
GBIC model with
extractor handle
9702FA
in place when no cables are connected to the GBIC.
GBIC labeling
The Nortel Networks label on a typical GBIC (Figure 80) contains a Nortel
Networks serial number, a bar code, a manufacturer’s code, an interface type, and
a part number.
Figure 80 Nortel label on a GBIC
GBIC interface type
Part number
Bar code
Serial number
Manufacturer code
9706EA
Note: You must have the Nortel Networks serial number, the
manufacturer’s code, the interface type, and the part number of your
GBIC available when you contact a Nortel Networks service
representative for troubleshooting purposes.
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GBIC Models
Table 48 lists the available Nortel Networks GBIC models.
Table 48 Nortel Networks GBIC models
Model number
Product number
Description
1000BASE-SX
1000BASE-LX
1000BASE-XD
1000BASE-ZX
AA1419001
AA1419002
AA1419003
AA1419004
Short wavelength 550 m
Long wavelength 5 km
Extended distance 50 km
Extended distance 70 km
GBIC specifications
GBIC specifications are listed in Table 49.
Table 49 GBIC specifications
Specifications
Description
Dimensions (H x W x D)
Connectors
0.39 x 1.18 x 2.56 inches (1 x 3 x 6.5 cm)
Multimode fiber optic: SC
Single-mode fiber optic: SC
Standards, connectors, cabling, and distance
This section discusses GBIC standards, connectors, cabling, and distance. The
tables provide specifications for GBICs to be installed in Gigabit Ethernet ports.
All GBIC ports have SC-type connectors, and the minimum cable distance for all
GBICs (multimode fiber and single-mode fiber) listed is 6.5 feet (2 m).
1000BASE-SX
The Model 1000BASE-SX GBIC provides 1000BASE-SX (850 nm, short
wavelength, Gigabit Ethernet) connectivity using SC duplex multimode fiber
connectors.The Model 1000BASE-SX GBIC supports full-duplex operation only.
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186 Appendix B Installing a Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC)
Table 50 describes standards, connectors, cabling, and distance for the Model
1000BASE-SX GBIC.
Table 50 Model 1000BASE-SX GBIC specifications
Type
Specifications
Standards
Conformity to the following standards:
802.3z, 1000BASE-SX
Connectors
Cabling
Duplex SC fiber optic connector
62.5 µm MMF optic cable
50 µm MMF optic cable
Distance
902 ft. (275 m) using 62.5 µm MMF optic cable
1804 ft. (550 m) using 50 µm MMF optic cable
Wavelength
850 nm
7 dB
Optical budget
Laser Transmitter Characteristics
Minimum launch power
Maximum launch power
Receiver Characteristics
Minimum receiver sensitivity
Maximum input power
-10 dBm
-4 dBm
-17 dBm
0 dBm
1000BASE-LX
The Model 1000BASE-LX GBIC provides 1000BASE-LX (1300 nm,
wavelength, Gigabit Ethernet) connectivity using SC duplex fiber connectors. The
long wavelength optical transceivers used in the LX model provide variable
distance ranges using both multimode and single-mode fiber optic cabling. The
Model 1000BASE-LX GBIC supports full-duplex operation only.
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Appendix B Installing a Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) 187
Table 51 describes standards, connectors, cabling, and distance for the Model
1000BASE-LX GBIC.
Table 51 Model 1000BASE-LX GBIC specifications
Type
Specifications
Standards
Conformity to the following standards:
802.3z, 1000BASE-LX
Connectors
Cabling
Duplex SC fiber optic connector
62.5 µm MMF optic cable
50 µm MMF optic cable
10 µm SMF optic cable
Distance
1804 ft. (550 m) using 62.5 µm MMF optic cable
1804 ft. (550 m) using 50 µm MMF optic cable
16405 ft. (5 km) using 10 µm SMF optic cable
Wavelength
1300 nm
10.5 dB
Optical budget
Laser Transmitter Characteristics
Minimum launch power
Maximum launch power
Receiver Characteristics
Minimum receiver sensitivity
Maximum input power
-9.5 dBm
-3 dBm
-20 dBm
-3 dBm
Note: When multimode fiber is used in long distance applications,
external, removable, mode-conditioning patch cords may be required to
prevent differential mode delay (DMD). You can order mode
conditioning patch cords through Nortel Networks:
•
SC-SC Mode Conditioning Patch Cord 62.5/125—part number
AA0018035
•
SC-SC Mode Conditioning Patch Cord 50/125—part number
AA0018036
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188 Appendix B Installing a Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC)
1000BASE-XD
SC duplex single-mode fiber connectors. High-performance optical transceivers
enable Gigabit Ethernet link distances up to 50 kilometers (km) over single-mode
fiber. The ports operate in full-duplex mode only.
Table 52 describes standards, connectors, cabling, and distance for the Model
1000BASE-XD GBIC.
Table 52 Model 1000ASE-XD GBIC specifications
Type
Specifications
Standards
Conformity to the following standards:
802.3z, Ethernet full duplex
Connectors
Cabling
SC duplex single-mode fiber optic connector
Single-mode fiber optic cable
Distance
Up to 50 km using single-mode fiber cable,
depending on the quality of the fiber
Optical budget
17 dB
Laser Transmitter Characteristics
Wavelength
1550 10 nm
0.2 nm
Maximum spectral width
Maximum launch power
Minimum launch power into fiber
Distance
0 dBm or 1.0 mW
-5 dBm or 0.3 mW
50 km
Receiver Characteristics
Wavelength
1200 to 1550 nm
-22 dBm
Minimum receiver sensitivity
Maximum input power
-3 dBm
Note: Nortel Networks recommends that you use an in-line attenuator for
shorter link distances to avoid overloading the receiver.
Note: The Model 1000BASE-XD GBIC is based on proprietary
signaling and is compatible with Accelar 1000 Series XD modules.
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1000BASE-ZX
SC duplex single-mode fiber connectors. High-performance optical transceivers
enable Gigabit Ethernet link distances up to 70 km over single-mode fiber cable.
The ports operate in full-duplex mode only.
Table 53 describes standards, connectors, cabling, and distance for the Model
1000BASE-ZX GBIC.
Table 53 Model 1000BASE-ZX GBIC specifications
Type
Specifications
Standards
Conformity to the following standards:
802.3z, Ethernet full duplex
Connectors
Cabling
SC duplex single-mode fiber optic connector
Single-mode fiber optic cable
Distance
Up to 70 km using single-mode fiber optic
cable, depending on the quality of the fiber
Optical budget
22 dB
Laser Transmitter Characteristics
Wavelength
1550 10 nm
0.2 nm
Maximum spectral width
Maximum launch power
Minimum launch power into fiber
Distance
3.0 mW 5 dBm
0 dBm
70 km
Receiver Characteristics
Wavelength
1200 nm to 1550 nm
-22 dBm
Minimum receiver sensitivity
Maximum input power
-3 dBm
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190 Appendix B Installing a Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC)
Note: When shorter lengths of single-mode fiber cable are used, there is
a risk of overloading the receiver. It may be necessary to insert an in-line
optical attenuator in the link to prevent overloading, as follows:
•
Insert a 10dB in-line optical attenuator between the fiber optic cable
plant and the receiving port on the 1000BASE-ZX GBIC, at each end
of the link, if the fiber optic cable span is less than 25 km.
•
Insert a 5dB in line optical attenuator between the fiber optic cable
plant and the receiving port on the 1000BASE-ZX GBIC, at each end
of the link, if the fiber optic cable span is less than 50 km.
Note: The 1000BASE-ZX GBIC is based on proprietary signaling.
Nortel Networks recommends that this product be used only with other
Nortel Networks 1000BASE-ZX GBICs.
Handling, safety, and environmental guidelines
Before installing your GBIC, read the following handling, safety, and
environmental guidelines:
•
•
GBICs are static sensitive. To prevent damage from electrostatic discharge
(ESD), follow your normal board and component handling procedures.
GBICs are dust sensitive. When storing a GBIC, or when a GBIC is
disconnected from a fiber optic cable, always keep the dust cover over a
GBIC’s optical bores.
•
•
To clean contaminants from the optical bores of a GBIC, use an alcohol swab
or equivalent to clean the ferrules of the optical connector.
Dispose of this product according to all national laws and regulations.
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Installing a GBIC
GBIC bays are covered by spring-loaded filler panels that rotate out of the way as
you push the GBIC into place. You can install or replace a GBIC in a BayStack
420 Switch without turning off power to the switch.
Warning: Fiber optic equipment can emit laser or infrared light that can injure
your eyes. Never look into an optical fiber or connector port. Always assume
that fiber optic cables are connected to a light source.
Vorsicht: Glasfaserkomponenten können Laserlicht bzw. Infrarotlicht
abstrahlen, wodurch Ihre Augen geschädigt werden können. Schauen Sie
niemals in einen Glasfaser-LWL oder ein Anschlußteil. Gehen Sie stets davon
aus, daß das Glasfaserkabel an eine Lichtquelle angeschlossen ist.
Avertissement: L’équipement à fibre optique peut émettre des rayons laser
ou infrarouges qui risquent d’entraîner des lésions oculaires. Ne jamais
regarder dans le port d’un connecteur ou d’un câble à fibre optique. Toujours
supposer que les câbles à fibre optique sont raccordés à une source lumineuse.
Advertencia: Los equipos de fibra óptica pueden emitir radiaciones de láser
o infrarrojas que pueden dañar los ojos. No mire nunca en el interior de una
fibra óptica ni de un puerto de conexión. Suponga siempre que los cables de
fibra óptica están conectados a una fuente luminosa.
Avvertenza: Le apparecchiature a fibre ottiche emettono raggi laser o
infrarossi che possono risultare dannosi per gli occhi. Non guardare mai
direttamente le fibre ottiche o le porte di collegamento. Tenere in
considerazione il fatto che i cavi a fibre ottiche sono collegati a una sorgente
luminosa.
8769EA
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192 Appendix B Installing a Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC)
To install a GBIC:
1
2
Remove the GBIC from its protective packaging.
Insert the GBIC into the slot on the BayStack switch (Figure 81).
GBICs are keyed to prevent improper insertion. If the GBIC resists pressure,
do not force it. Remove it, turn it over, and reinsert it.
Figure 81 Installing a GBIC
9703FA
3
4
Press on the front of the GBIC until it snaps into place.
Remove the rubber plug to connect cables.
To remove an installed GBIC:
1
If the GBIC has spring tabs, press in on the tabs on each side of the GBIC as
you pull the GBIC out of the bay (Figure 82).
Figure 82 Removing a GBIC
9704FA
2
If the GBIC has an extractor handle, grasp the handle and pull firmly to
remove the GBIC from the bay.
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193
Appendix C
Quick configuration for MultiLink Trunking
If you are a system administrator with experience configuring BayStack 420
Switch MultiLink Trunking, use the flowchart in Figure 83 on page 194 as a quick
configuration guide. The flowchart refers you to the “configuration rules”
appropriate for this feature.
To open the MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen:
Choose MultiLink Trunk Configuration (or press t) from the MultiLink
Trunk Configuration Menu screen.
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194 Appendix C Quick configuration for MultiLink Trunking
Figure 83 Configuring MultiLink Trunks
MultiLink Trunk
Configuration screen
Are all
trunk members
configured?
Configure trunk members
(see "MultiLink Trunking
Configuration Rules").
No
Yes
No
No
Is trunk
STP Enabled?
Configure STP field.
Yes
Enable Trunk Status field
(see "MultiLink Trunking
Configuration Rules").
Is trunk
Enabled?
Yes
Key
Off-page reference
On-page reference
Done
BS45050A
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195
Appendix D
Connectors and pin assignments
This appendix describes the BayStack 420 Switch port connectors and pin
assignments.
RJ-45 (10BASE-T/100BASE-TX) port connectors
The RJ-45 port connectors (Figure 84) are wired as MDI-X ports to connect
end stations without using crossover cables. (See “MDI and MDI-X devices” on
page 196 for information about MDI-X ports.) For 10BASE-T connections, use
Category 3 (or higher) UTP cable. For 100BASE-TX connections, use only
Category 5 UTP cable.
Figure 84 RJ-45 (8-pin modular) port connector
1
8
616EA
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196 Appendix D Connectors and pin assignments
Table 54 lists the RJ-45 (8-pin modular) port connector pin assignments.
Table 54 RJ-45 port connector pin assignments
Pin
Signal
Description
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
RX+
Receive Data +
Receive Data -
Transmit Data +
Not applicable
Not applicable
Transmit Data -
Not applicable
Not applicable
RX-
TX+
Not applicable
Not applicable
TX-
Not applicable
Not applicable
MDI and MDI-X devices
Media dependent interface (MDI) is the IEEE standard for the interface to
unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable.
For two devices to communicate, the transmitter of one device must connect to the
receiver of the other device. The connection is established through a crossover
function, which can be a crossover cable or a port that implements the crossover
function internally.
Ports that implement the crossover function internally are known as MDI-X ports,
where X refers to the crossover function.
Note: For the transmitter of one device to connect to the receiver of
another device, the total number of crossovers must always be an odd
number.
The following sections describe the use of straight-through and crossover cables
for connecting MDI and MDI-X devices.
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MDI-X to MDI cable connections
BayStack 420 Switch switches use MDI-X ports that allow you to connect directly
to end stations without using crossover cables (Figure 85).
Figure 85 MDI-X to MDI cable connections
Business Policy Switch 2000
BayStack 420
End station
1
8
8
1
8
1
1
8
1
RX+
RX-
TX+
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
TX+
TX-
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
T
T
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
RX+
R
R
TX-
RX-
MDI-X port
Straight-through cable
MDI port
BS45056A
MDI-X to MDI-X cable connections
If you are connecting the BayStack 420 Switch to a device that also implements
MDI-X ports, use a crossover cable (Figure 86).
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198 Appendix D Connectors and pin assignments
Figure 86 MDI-X to MDI-X cable connections
BayStack 420 Switch
Switch or hub
1
8
8
1
8
1
1
8
1
RX+
RX-
TX+
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
RX+
RX-
TX+
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
T
T
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
R
R
TX-
TX-
MDI-X port
Crossover cable
MDI-X port
BS45057B
DB-9 (RS-232-D) Console/Comm Port connector
The DB-9 Console/Comm Port connector (Figure 87) is configured as a data
communications equipment (DCE) connector. The DSR and CTS signal outputs
are always asserted; the CD, DTR, RTS, and RI signal inputs are not used. This
configuration enables a management station (a PC or console terminal) to connect
directly to the switch using a straight-through cable.
Figure 87 DB-9 Console port connector
1
5
6
9
619EA
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Appendix D Connectors and pin assignments 199
Table 55 lists the DB-9 Console port connector pin assignments.
Table 55 DB-9 Console port connector pin assignments
Pin
Signal
Description
1
CD
Carrier detect (not used)
Transmit data (output)
Receive data (input)
Data terminal ready (not used)
Signal ground
2
TXD
RXD
DTR
GND
DSR
RTS
CTS
RI
3
4
5
6
Not used
7
Request to send (not used)
Not used
8
9
Ring indicator (not used)
Chassis ground
Shell
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200 Appendix D Connectors and pin assignments
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201
Appendix E
Default settings
Table 56 lists the factory default settings for the BayStack 420 Switch according
to the console interface (CI) screens and fields for the settings.
Table 56 Factory default settings
Field
Default setting
Appears in this CI screen
BootP Request Mode
BootP Disabled
“IP Configuration/Setup screen” on
page 94
In-Band Stack IP Address
In-Band Switch IP Address
In-Band Subnet Mask
0.0.0.0
(no IP address assigned)
0.0.0.0
(no IP address assigned)
0.0.0.0
(no subnet mask assigned)
Default Gateway
0.0.0.0
(no IP address assigned)
Read-Only Community String
public
“SNMP Configuration screen” on
page 99
Read-Write Community String
Trap IP Address
private
0.0.0.0
(no IP address assigned)
Community String
Authentication Trap
Link Up/Down Trap
sysContact
Zero-length string
Enabled
Enabled
Zero-length string
“System Characteristics screen” on
page 100
sysName
Zero-length string
Zero-length string
sysLocation
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202 Appendix E Default settings
Table 56 Factory default settings (continued)
Field
Default setting
Appears in this CI screen
Aging Time
300 seconds
“MAC Address Table screen” on
page 105
Find an Address
00-00-00-00-00-00
(no MAC address assigned)
MAC Address Security
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
“MAC Address Security Configuration
Menu screen” on page 107
MAC Address Security
SNMP-Locked
Partition Port on Intrusion
Detected:
Partition Time
0 seconds (the value 0
indicates forever)
DA Filtering on Intrusion Detected: Disabled
Generate SNMP Trap on Intrusion Disabled
Clear by Ports
Learn by Ports
Current Learning Mode
Trunk
NONE
NONE
Not Learning
blank field
Security
Port List
Disabled
blank field
“MAC Address Security Port Lists
screens” on page 113
Find an Address
MAC Address
blank field
“MAC Address Security Table screens”
on page 118
- - - - - - (no address
assigned)
Allowed Source
- (blank field)
Display/Create MAC Address
Create VLAN
00-00-00-00-00-00
1
“VLAN Configuration screen” on
page 122
Delete VLAN
VLAN Name
Management VLAN
VLAN Type
blank field
VLAN # (VLAN number)
Yes, VLAN #1
Port-based
VLAN State
Inactive
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Appendix E Default settings 203
Table 56 Factory default settings (continued)
Field
Default setting
Appears in this CI screen
Subnet Addr
0.0.0.0.
0.0.0.0.
Subnet Mask
Port Membership
U (all ports assigned as
untagged members of
VLAN 1)
Unit
1
“VLAN Port Configuration screen” on
page 125
Port
1
Filter Untagged Frames
No
Port Name
PVID
Unit 1, Port 1
1
Tagging
Unit
Untagged Access
1
“VLAN Display by Port screen” on
page 127
Port
1
PVID
1 (read only)
Auto PVID
Port Name
Unit
Disabled
Unit 1, Port 1 (read only)
1
“Port Configuration screen” on
page 129
Status
Enabled (for all ports)
Enabled (for all ports)
Autonegotiation
Speed/Duplex
100Mbs/Half (when
Autonegotiation is Disabled)
Trunk
1 to 6 (depending on
configuration status)
“MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu
screen” on page 133
Trunk Members (Unit/Port)
STP Learning
Trunk Mode
Blank field
Normal
Basic
Trunk Status
Disabled
Trunk Name
Trunk #1 to Trunk #6
Rx and Tx
Traffic Type
“MultiLink Trunk Utilization screen” on
page 137
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204 Appendix E Default settings
Table 56 Factory default settings (continued)
Field
Default setting
Appears in this CI screen
Monitoring Mode
Disabled
“Port Mirroring Configuration screen”
on page 139
Monitor/Unit Port
Unit/Port X
Unit
Zero-length string
Zero-length string
1
“Port Statistics screen” on page 141
Port
1
Console Port Speed
9600 Baud
“Console/Comm Port Configuration
screen” on page 147
Console Switch Password
Console Stack Password
Not Required
Not Required
user
Console Read-Only Switch
Password
Console Read-Write Switch
Password
secure
user
Console Read-Only Stack
Password
Console Read-Write Stack
Password
secure
Note: The following two fields only appear when the switch is a participant in a stack configuration.
New Unit Number
Current stack order
“Renumber Stack Units screen” on
page 154
Renumber units with new setting? No
Unit
1
Participation
Priority
Normal Learning
128
Path Cost
Bridge Priority
10 or 100
8000 (read only)
“Spanning Tree Switch Settings
screen” on page 161
Designated Root
Root Port
8000 (bridge_id) (read only)
0 (read only)
Root Path Cost
Hello Time
0 (read only)
2 seconds (read only)
20 seconds (read only)
Maximum Age Time
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Appendix E Default settings 205
Table 56 Factory default settings (continued)
Field
Default setting
Appears in this CI screen
Forward Delay
15 seconds (read only)
2 seconds (read only)
20 seconds (read only)
15 seconds (read only)
Enabled
Bridge Hello Time
Bridge Maximum Age Time
Bridge Forward Delay
TELNET Access
“TELNET Configuration screen” on
page 164
Login Timeout
Login Retries
1 minute
3
Inactivity Timeout
Event Logging
15 minutes
All
Allowed Source IP Address
(10 user-configurable fields)
First field: 0.0.0.0
(no IP address assigned)
Remaining nine fields:
255.255.255.255
(any address is allowed)
Allowed Source Mask
First field: 0.0.0.0
(no IP address assigned)
(10 user-configurable fields)
Remaining nine fields:
255.255.255.255
(any address is allowed)
Image Filename
Zero-length string
page 166
TFTP Server IP Address
0.0.0.0
(no IP address assigned)
Start TFTP Load of New Image
Configuration Image Filename
No
Zero-length string
“Configuration File Download/Upload
screen” on page 169
TFTP Server IP Address
0.0.0.0
(no IP address assigned)
Copy Configuration Image to
Server
No
Retrieve Configuration Image from No
Server
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206 Appendix E Default settings
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207
Appendix F
Sample BootP configuration file
This appendix provides a sample BootP configuration file. The BootP server
searches for this file, called bootptab (or BOOTPTAB.TXT, depending on your
operating system), which contains the site-specific information (including IP
addresses) needed to perform the software download and configuration. You can
modify this sample BootP configuration file or create one of your own.
A sample BootP configuration file follows:
# The following is a sample of a BootP configuration file that was extracted
# from a Nortel Networks EZ LAN network management application. Note that
other BootP daemons can use a configuration file with a different format.
#
# Before using your switch BootP facility, you must customize your BootP
# configuration file with the appropriate data.
#
# Blank lines and lines beginning with ’#’ are ignored.
#
# Legend:
#
#
#
first field -- hostname
ht -- hardware type
#
#
#
ha -- host hardware address
tc -- template host (points to similar host entry)
ip -- host IP address
#
#
hd -- bootfile home directory
bf -- bootfile
# EZ
# EZ
# EZ
#
dt -- device type
fv -- firmware version
av -- agent version
# Fields are separated with a pipe (|) symbol. Forward slashes (/) are
# required to indicate that an entry is continued to the next line.
#
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208 Appendix F Sample BootP configuration file
# Caution
#
#
#
#
#
#
Omitting a Forward slash (/) when the entry is continued to the next
line, can cause the interruption of the booting process or the
incorrect image file to download. Always include forward slashes
where needed.
# Important Note:
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
If a leading zero (0) is used in the IP address it is calculated as an
octal number. If the leading character is "x" (upper or lower case),
it is calculated as a hexadecimal number. For example, if an IP address
with a base 10 number of 45 is written as .045 in the BOOTPTAB.TXT file,
the Bootp protocol assigns .037 to the client.
# Global entries are defined that specify the parameters used by every device.
# Note that hardware type (ht) is specified first in the global entry.
#
# The following global entry is defined for an Ethernet device. Note that this
# is where a client’s subnet mask (sm) and default gateway (gw) are defined.
#
global1|/
|ht=ethernet|/
|hd=c:\opt\images|/
|sm=255.255.255.0|/
|gw=192.0.1.0|
#
# The following sample entry describes a BootP client:
bay1|ht=ethernet|ha=0060fd000000|ip=192.0.0.1|hd=c:\ezlan\images|bf=
BS420_100.img
# Where:
#
#
#
#
#
#
host name:
bay1
Ethernet
00-60-FD-00-00-00
192.0.0.0
hardware type:
MAC address:
IP address:
home directory of boot file: c:\ezlan\images
boot file:
BS420_100.img
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Index
Bridge Priority field 162
A
Actual Hello Interval 162
Business Policy Switch
front panel 26
autonegotiation
description 39
modes 177
Comm Port Data Bits field 148
troubleshooting 177
B
configuration rules
BayStack 460 switch
connectors 195
BootP
Bootstrap Protocol
Disabled 98
Last Address setting 98
When Needed mode 97
configuration screen 147
illustration 198
BPS 2000 Image Filename field 168
Bridge Forward Delay field 163
Bridge Hello Time field 163
pin assignments 199
Console/Comm Port Configuration options 92
conventions, text 20
Bridge Maximum Age Time field 163
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210 Index
disposal 190
Model
D
1000BASE-LX 185, 186
1000BASE-XD 185, 188
1000BASE-ZX 185, 189
specifications 185
storing 190
Deferred Packets field 144
Gigabit Ethernet ports,
Designated Root field 162
linking with fiber optic networks 27, 183
Display Event Log option 92
Hello Interval 162, 163
Hello Time field 162
E
electrostatic discharge
I
Event Logging field 165
F
fiber optic networks
interoperability issues
setting up your configuration 183
Find an Address field 106
flash memory for software image upgrades 38
Flooded Packets field 144
reading 184
G
GBIC
Late Collisions field 144
LEDs
cleaning 190
connectors 185
description 185
descriptions 29, 174
display panel 28, 174
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Index 211
Link field 130
O
Login Retries field 165
Logout option 93
optical attenuators,
IP Configuration 91
M
main menu, console interface 90
Logout 93
MIBs SNMP MIB support 41
Model
1000BASE-LX 185, 186
Spanning Tree Port Configuration 157
mulitmode fiber,
MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen 133
P
Packets field 143
MultiLink Trunking
configuration example 70
feature 39
Multiple Collisions field 144
N
port connections, troubleshooting 177
Port field 130, 143, 159
network configuration
configuring power workgroups and a shared
media hub 49
network protocol/standards compatibility 181
port mirroring
coversation steering 39
monitoring modes 141
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Spanning Tree Port Configuration option 157
power cord warnings (multilingual) 32
power cords 31
power-up sequence 176
Priority field 160
product support 23
publications
Model
1000BASE-LX 186
1000BASE-SX 186
1000BASE-XD 188
1000BASE-ZX 189
R
request mode, choosing 96
requirements
considerations 53
RFC 40
RJ-45 port connector
illustration 195
pin assignments 196
standards 40
S
Security
RADIUS-based network security 37
System Characteristics screen 100
settings, default 201
Single Collisions field 144
SNMP Configuration option 91
SNMP Configuration screen 99
System Characteristics screen fields
Base Unit 101
software
Last Reset Type 102
download process 169
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Index 213
Power Status 102
sysContact 102
tutorial
sysDescr 102
sysLocation 102
sysName 102
sysObjectID 102
sysServices 102
sysUpTime 102
configuration rules 70
network example 45
T
port-based 34
technical terms
port priority 56
untagged frame 55
user_priority 56
TELNET Configuration screen 164
text conventions 20
Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)
software download 167
troubleshooting 184
port interface 177
power-up sequence 176
Using the BayStack 420 10/100/1000 Switch
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