SERVICE AND INSTALLATION MANUAL
EF and EMF Series
Flaked ICE Machines
ICE-O-Matic
11100 East 45th Ave
Denver, Colorado 80239
Part Number 9081325-01
Print Date 1/07
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Flake Ice Machines
Table Of Contents
General Information
Refrigeration System (Continued)
Model and Serial Number Format
A3-A4
Mixing Valve
F10
F11
F11
F12
F13
Electrical and Mechanical Specifications A5
Installation Guidelines A6
Electrical and Plumbing Requirements A7-A9
Remote Condenser Installation
Warranty Information
Pump Down System
Liquid Line Solenoid
Receiver
A10
A11
A12
Refrigerant
General Operation
Electrical System
Control Circuit
Compressor and Start Components
Safety Control
Bin Control
Auger Motor Relay
Auger Motor
Compressor Delay
Pump Down System
Pump Down Control
G1
G1
G3
G3
G4
G4
G5
G5
G5
Scheduled Maintenance
Maintenance Procedure
Cleaning and Sanitizing Instructions
Winterizing Procedure
B1
B2
B3
B4
Cleaning Stainless Steel
Troubleshooting Trees
Introduction
Machine Runs, Does Not Make Ice
Machine Does Not Run
Slow Production
Low Suction Pressure
C1
C2
C4
C5
C6
C7
C8
C9
C10
C11
Wiring Diagrams
EF240/255/405, EF450 A/W
EF800 A/W
EMF450/405 A/W
EMF800 A/W
EMF705/1005/1006 A/W
EMF1106 R
EMF2306 A/W
G6
G7
G8
G9
G10
G11
G12
G13
G14
High Suction Pressure
Machine Freezes Up (Auger Seizes)
Auger Motor Amperage Fluctuations
Water Leaking From Evaporator
Machine Produces Wet Ice
Hot Evaporator, Low Suction Pressure C12
Noise Coming From Evaporator
EMF2306 R
EMF2305L
C13
Water System
Float Valve and Reservoir
Water Seal and O-Rings
Drip Boot
D1
D2
D2
Drive System
Auger Drive Motor and V-Belt
Gear Reducer
E1
E2
E2
E3
E3
E5
E6
E7
E7
Coupler
Evaporator and Internal Components
Evaporator Disassembly
Evaporator and Auger Inspection
Bearing, Water Seal and O-Rings
Seal Face Installation
Evaporator Reassembly
Refrigeration System
Refrigeration System and Components F1
Compressor
F1
F2
F5
F6
F6
F6
F7
F8
F9
F10
Refrigerant Pressures
Air Cooled Condenser
Water Cooled Condenser
Water Regulating Valve
High Pressure Safety Control
Expansion Valve
Production Check
Evaporator
Remote System
Page A1
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Flake Ice Machines
How To Use This Manual
ICE-O-Matic provides this manual as an aid to the service technician for installation, operation, and
maintenance of flaked ice machines. This manual covers all EF and EMF series flaked ice machines.
If used properly, this manual can also help the service technician troubleshoot and diagnose most of
the problems that may occur with the machine.
Sections A and B of this manual provide general and maintenance information. The remainder of the
manual, beginning with Section C, provides troubleshooting information. Section C contains flow
charts called troubleshooting trees. Page C1 provides instructions on using the troubleshooting trees.
Each troubleshooting tree is named to describe a particular problem with the operation of the
machine.
When following the troubleshooting trees, the service technician will be led through questions and
checks and end up at a probable solution. When using the troubleshooting trees it is important that
the service technician understand the operation and adjustments of the components being checked
and the component suspected of being defective. A detailed description of the operation and
adjustments of the components as well as other service information is laid out in the pages that follow
Section C.
Each section, after Section C, focuses on a particular system in the ice machine; water system, drive
system, refrigeration system and electrical system. It is important that these sections be used
together with the troubleshooting trees in Section C.
Most aspects of flake ice machines are covered in this manual. However, should you encounter any
conditions not addressed herein, please contact the ICE-O-Matic Technical Service Department for
assistance at the numbers listed below, or write the ICE-O-Matic Service Department.
ICE-O-Matic
11100 East 45th Ave.
Denver CO 80239
Attn: Technical Service Department
Phone: (800) 423-3367
Fax: (303) 576-2944
After Hours Only (888) FIX-4-ICE (349-4423)
E-Mail Tech.service@iceomatic.com
Any service communication must include:
• Model Number
• Serial Number
• A detailed explanation of the problem
WARNING: Always disconnect electrical power and shut off water supply
whenever maintenance or repairs are performed on the ice machine and
related equipment.
CAUTION: Always wear protective eyewear whenever maintenance or
repairs are performed on the ice machine and related equipment.
Page A2
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Flake Ice Machines
Model and Serial Number Format
Model Numbers
General Information
EF
80 0 A 1
Revision Level
Condenser Type: A=Air W=Water R=Remote
Voltage: 0=115V 5=240/50/1 6=208-230/60/1
Approximate 24 hour ice production: (x 10 @ 70°F/21°C Air and 50°F/10°C Water)
Series: E=Environmental Flaker (Uses HFC Refrigerant)
F=Self Contained Flake Ice Machine
MF=Modular Flake Ice Machine
Serial Number Date Code
The first letter in the serial number indicates the month and decade of manufacture.
The first digit in the serial number indicates the year of manufacture.
Example: A0XX-XXXXX-Z is manufactured January 2000
A1XX-XXXXX-Z is manufactured January 2001
A4XX-XXXXX-Z is manufactured January 2004
1990-1999
MONTH
2000-2009
M
N
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
Y
Z
JANUARY
FEBRUARY
MARCH
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
APRIL
MAY
JUNE
JULY
AUGUST
SEPTEMBER
OCTOBER
NOVEMBER
DECEMBER
J
K
L
Note: The letter O and letter X are not used.
Page A3
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Flake Ice Machines
General Information
Electrical and Mechanical Specifications
Production per
24 Hours @
No. of
Minimum
Max
90°FA 70°FW
Compressor
*RLA *LRA
wires incl Circuit
ground Ampacity
Fuse
Size
** Refrigerant
Model Number Lbs
Kg
Voltage
Type
Oz.
Grams
EF Series / 60 Hertz Machines
EF250A
EF450A
EF800A
319
360
616
145
163
280
5.7
7.2
30.2
40
115/60/1
115/60/1
115/60/1
3
3
3
12.4
14.5
18.2
15
15
15
R404A
R404A
R404A
12
17
20
340
482
567
10.4
51
EMF Series / 60 Hertz Machines
EMF450A
EMF450W
372
472
169
214
6.9
6.8
40
40
115/60/1
115/60/1
3
3
14.1
13.1
15
15
R404A
R404A
17
14
482
397
EMF800A
EMF800W
632
756
287
343
10.5
9.5
51
51
115/60/1
115/60/1
3
3
19.8
16.5
20
20
R404A
R404A
25
16
709
454
EMF1106A
EMF1106W
EMF1106R
816
1008
912
370
458
414
4.5
4.4
4.5
34.2 208-230/60/1
34.2 208-230/60/1
34.2 208-230/60/1
3
3
3
9.4
8.5
15
15
15
R404A
R404A
34
15
964
426
10.4
R404A 160
4536
EMF2306A
EMF2306W
EMF2306R
1808
2240
1828
821
1051
830
8.4
7.3
8.1
61
61
61
208-230/60/1
208-230/60/1
208-230/60/1
3
3
3
14.9
12.8
15.5
20
20
20
R404A
R404A
84
36
2382
1021
6804
R404A 240
EMF Series / 50 Hertz Machines
EMF405A
EMF705A
EMF1005A
432
821
196
373
490
3
16.1
34.5
42
230/50/1
230/50/1
230/50/1
3
3
3
6.6
8.6
10
15
20
20
R404A
R404A
R404A
19
34
34
539
964
964
4.1
5.2
1080
* R.L.A.=Rated Load Amps L.R.A=Locked Rotor Amps
** Use refrigerant charge specified on Serial Plate when charging system.
Page A5
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Flake Ice Machines
General Information
Installation Guidelines
Note: Installation should be performed by an ICE-O-Matic trained Service Technician.
For proper operation of the ICE-O-Matic ice machine, the following installation guidelines
must be followed. Failure to do so may result in loss of production capacity, premature part
failures, and may void all warranties.
Ambient Operating Temperatures
Minimum Operating Temperature: 50°F (10°C)
Maximum Operating Temperature 100°F (38°C), 110°F (43°C) on 50 Hz. Models.
Note: ICE-O-Matic products are not designed for walk in cooler applications or outdoor
installation.
Incoming Water Supply (See Plumbing Diagram for line sizing Page A7-A9)
Minimum incoming water temperature: 40°F (4.5°C)
Maximum incoming water temperature: 100°F (38°C)
Minimum incoming water pressure: 20 psi (1.4 bar)
Maximum incoming water pressure: 60 psi (4.1 bar)
Note: If water pressure exceeds 60 psi (4.1 bar), a water pressure regulator must be
installed.
Drains:
Route bin drain, float drain and water condenser drain individually to a floor drain.
The use of condensate pumps for draining water is not recommended by ICE-O-Matic.
ICE-O-Matic assumes no responsibility for improperly installed equipment.
Water Filtration
A water filter system should be installed with the ice machine.
Clearance Requirements
Self contained air cooled ice machines must have a minimum of 6 inches (15cm) of clearance
around the entire machine.
Stacking
EF and EMF Series ice machines are not designed to be stacked.
Dispenser Application
EF and EMF Series ice machines are not designed to be placed on dispensers.
Electrical Specifications
The machine must be installed on a separate circuit.
Refer to the serial plate at the rear of the ice machine or the charts on Page A5.
Adjustments
Level the machine.
Check the primary and secondary bin control for proper adjustment, Page G3.
Check the safety control for proper adjustment, Page G3.
Check the water in the water float for proper level, Page D1.
Check the water regulating valve adjustment if water cooled, Page F6.
Page A6
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Flake Ice Machines
General Information
EF Series
Page A7
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Flake Ice Machines
General Information
EMF Series
Page A8
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Flake Ice Machines
General Information
EMF Series (48 Inch Wide)
Page A9
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Flake Ice Machines
General Information
Remote Condenser Installation
The EMF1106R2 and EMF2306R2 remote ice makers incorporate the mixing valve in the condenser. This
configuration allows up to a 100 foot calculated remote line set run. Reference the diagram below to calculate
the maximum 100 foot line set run.
For proper operation of the ICE-O-Matic ice machine, the following installation guidelines must be followed.
Failure to do so may result in loss of production capacity, premature part failure, and may void all warranties.
Remote condensers must be installed per local building codes. A two to four inch diameter roof penetration will
be needed for refrigerant lines and electrical conduit. The penetration should be within two feet of where the
condenser will be located. A roof jack must be installed at the penetration.
Installation Guidelines
Ambient operating temperatures: -20°F (-28.9°C) to 120°F (48.9°C)
Condenser Airflow: Condensers must have a vertical airflow.
ICE Machine Model Number
EMF1106R2
EMF2306R2
Remote Condenser Model Number
VRC1061
VRC2061
Limitations for new remote machines that have the headmaster mounted in the condenser.
Maximum Rise is 35 feet.
Maximum Drop is 15 feet.
Maximum equivalent run is 100 feet.
Airflow
Formula for figuring maximum equivalent run is as follows:
Rise x 1.7 + Drop x 6.6 + horizontal run = equivalent run.
Examples: 35 ft. rise x 1.7 + 40 ft. horizontal = 99.5 equivalent feet line run
35 ft. rise
40 ft. horizontal
Verify the ICE machine is compatible with the remote condenser.
Some ice machines and some remote condensers may or may not
have a Mixing Valve (Head Master). Only one valve is required per
system. Kits are available to modify the ice machine or condenser
for compatibility. For more information contact your
ICE-O-Matic Distributor.
34 ft. horizontal
10 ft. drop
10 ft. drop x 6.6 + 34 ft horizontal = 100
equivalent feet line run
Page A10
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Flake Ice Machines
General Information
ICE-O-Matic
Parts and Labor
Domestic & International Limited Warranty
Mile High Equipment LLC (the “Company”) warrants ICE-O-Matic brand ice machines, ice dispensers, remote condensers, water filters, and
ice storage bins to the end customer against defects in material and factory workmanship for the following:
• Cube ice machines, compressed ice machines and
remote condensers. - Thirty-six (36) months parts and
•
Ice storage bins -Twenty-four (24) month parts and labor
labor
• Flake ice machines - Twenty-four (24) months parts
•
•
IOD model dispensers - Twenty-four (24) months parts, Twelve (12)
months labor
Water filter systems - Twelve (12) months parts and labor (not including
filter cartridges)
and labor
• CD model dispensers - Thirty-six (36) months parts and
labor
An additional twenty-four (24) month warranty on parts (excluding labor) will be extended to all cube ice machine evaporator plates and all
cube ice and compressed ice machine compressors from the date of original installation. An additional thirty-six (36) month warranty on
parts (excluding labor) will be extended to all flake ice machine compressors from the date of original installation The company will replace
EXW (Incoterms 2000) the Company plant or, EXW (Incoterms 2000) the Company-authorized distributor, without cost to the Customer, that
part of any such machine that becomes defective. In the event that the Warranty Registration Card indicating the installation date has not
been returned to ICE-O-Matic, the warranty period will begin on the date of shipment from the Company. Irrespective of the actual
installation date, the product will be warranted for a maximum of seventy-two (72) months from date of shipment from the Company.
ICE-model cube ice machines which are registered in the Water Filter Extended Warranty Program will receive a total of eighty-four (84)
months parts and labor coverage on the evaporator plate from the date of original installation. Water filters must be installed at the time of
installation and registered with the Company at that time. Water filter cartridges must be changed every six (6) months and that change
reported to the Company to maintain the extended evaporator warranty.
No replacement will be made for any part or assembly which (I) has been subject to an alteration or accident; (II) was used in any way
which, in the Company’s opinion, adversely affects the machine’s performance; (III) is from a machine on which the serial number has been
altered or removed; or, (IV) uses any replacement part not authorized by the Company. This warranty does not apply to destruction or
damage caused by unauthorized service, using other than ICE-O-Matic authorized replacements, risks of transportation, damage resulting
from adverse environmental or water conditions, accidents, misuse, abuse, improper drainage, interruption in the electrical or water supply,
charges related to the replacement of non-defective parts or components, damage by fire, flood, or acts of God.
This warranty is valid only when installation, service, and preventive maintenance are performed by a Company-authorized distributor, a
Company-authorized service agency, or a Company Regional Manager. The Company reserves the right to refuse claims made for ice
machines or bins used in more than one location This Limited Warranty does not cover ice bills, normal maintenance, after-install
adjustments, and cleaning.
Limitation of Warranty
This warranty is valid only for products produced and shipped from the Company after October 1, 2006. A product produced or installed
before that date shall be covered by the Limited Warranty in effect at the date of its shipment. The liability of the Company for breach of this
warranty shall, in any case, be limited to the cost of a new part to replace any part, which proves to be defective. The Company makes no
representations or warranties of any character as to accessories or auxiliary equipment not manufactured by the Company. REPAIR OR
REPLACEMENT AS PROVIDED UNDER THIS WARRANTY IS THE EXCLUSIVE REMEDY OF THE CUSTOMER. MILE HIGH
EQUIPMENT SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES FOR BREACH OF ANY EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED WARRANTY ON THIS PRODUCT. EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT PROHIBITED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY IMPLIED
WARRANTY OR MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ON THIS PRODUCT IS LIMITED IN DURATION TO
THE LENGTH OF THIS WARRANTY.
Filing a Claim
All claims for reimbursement must be received at the factory within 90 days from date of service to be eligible for credit. All claims
outside this time period will be void. The model, the serial number and, if necessary, proof of installation, must be included in the claim.
Claims for labor to replace defective parts must be included with the part claim to receive consideration. Payment on claims for labor will be
limited to the published labor time allowance hours in effect at the time of repair. The Company may elect to require the return of
components to validate a claim. Any defective part returned must be shipped to the Company or the Company-authorized distributor,
transportation charges pre-paid, and properly sealed and tagged. The Company does not assume any responsibility for any expenses
incurred in the field incidental to the repair of equipment covered by this warranty. The decision of the Company with respect to repair or
replacement of a part shall be final. No person is authorized to give any other warranties or to assume any other liability on the Company’s
behalf unless done in writing by an officer of the Company.
GOVERNING LAW
This Limited Warranty shall be governed by the laws of the state of Delaware, U.S.A., excluding their conflicts of law principles. The United
Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods is hereby excluded in its entirety from application to this Limited
Warranty.
Mile High Equipment LLC, 11100 East 45th Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80239 (303) 371-3737
October 2006
Page A11
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Flake Ice Machines
General Information
General Operation
A general description of the flake ice machine operation is given below. The remainder of the
manual provides more detail about the components and systems.
Water enters a reservoir through the float valve and is gravity fed into the evaporator barrel
through an opening in the bottom of the barrel. Water fills the evaporator to the same level
as the water in the reservoir. A float valve, which stops the flow of water into the reservoir
when the reservoir becomes full, maintains this water level.
When the ON/OFF switch is turned on or when the bin control closes, the auger motor
energizes. The compressor is delayed for 2 to 4 minutes. After the compressor delay period,
the condenser fan motor (air cooled machines only) and compressor start and the
temperature of the evaporator barrel drops. The water in the evaporator freezes to the inner
walls of the evaporator
barrel.
A belt driven gear reducer
continuously turns the
auger inside the
evaporator. As the auger
turns, it pushes the ice
upward and forces it out of
the top of the barrel,
through the delivery chute,
and into the storage bin.
As ice is pushed out
through to top of the
evaporator, make-up
water enters the bottom of
the evaporator.
Evaporator
Float
Gear Reducer
V-Belt
Auger Motor
Page A12
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Flake Ice Machines
Scheduled Maintenance
Danger!
Electrical shock and/or injury from moving parts inside this machine can cause serious injury
or death. Disconnect electrical supply to machine prior to performing any adjustments or
repair.
Maintenance Procedure
Warning!
Failure to perform the required maintenance at the frequency specified will void warranty
coverage in the event of a related failure.
To insure economical, trouble free operation of the ice maker, it is recommended that the
following maintenance be performed every 6 months by a qualified service technician.
1. Check the float reservoir for mineral build-up or check the auger drive motor amp draw to
determine if the water system needs cleaning. Clean the water system, if necessary, per
the instructions on Page B2. Local water conditions may require that cleaning be
performed more often than 6 month intervals.
2. Check the water level in the float tank as described on Page D1.
3. Clean the condenser (air cooled machines) to insure unobstructed airflow.
4. Check for leaks of any kind, water, refrigerant, oil, etc.
5. Check the Primary Bin Control for proper adjustment as described on Page G3.
6. Check the Secondary Bin Control for proper adjustment as described on Page G4
7. Check the Safety Control for proper adjustment as described on Page G3.
8. Check the water requlating valve (water cooled machines) for proper adjustment by
measuring the water temperature at the outlet of the condenser drain. It should be
between 100°F (37.7°C) and 110°F (43.3°C).
9. Check the TXV bulb to make sure that it is securely fastened and properly insulated.
10. Check all electrical connections tightness. Warning: Disconnect electrical supply.
11. Oil the auger motor if the motor has oil fittings.
12. Check the V-Belt for wear and proper tension as described on Page E1.
Page B1
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Flake Ice Machines
Scheduled Maintenance
CAUTION: Protective eyewear and gloves should be worn when using
cleaning products.
CLEANING AND SANITIZING INSTRUCTIONS
1. Turn the machine and water supply to the float off.
2. Remove or melt all ice in the bin.
3. Prepare one gallon (3.75l) of non-chlorine ice machine cleaner i.e. Nu-Calgon Nickel Safe,
as directed on container.
4. Turn the machine on, remove the float reservoir cover and add cleaning solution to the
reservoir.
5. As the machine makes ice, keep the reservoir filled with the cleaning solution until the
entire gallon is used up.
6. Turn the machine off.
7. Prepare 1 gallon (3.75l) of approved (U.S. FDA 21 CFR, 178-1010) food equipment
sanitizer to form a solution with 100 – 200 ppm free chlorine yield. Reserve about 1/3
gallon for step #14 below.
8. Turn the machine on and add the sanitizer to the reservoir, keeping the reservoir filled with
sanitizer until 2/3 gallon is used up.
9. Turn the machine off.
10. Replace the float reservoir cover and turn the water supply back on.
11. Turn the machine on and allow the machine to make ice for 15 minutes.
12. Turn the machine off and remove and discard all of the ice from the bin made during the
cleaning operation.
13. Clean the inside of the bin, bin door, and door frame with warm soapy water and rinse.
14. Using the remainder of the sanitizing solution, wipe all areas of the bin liner, door and
door frame, etc. and rinse.
15. Turn machine back on.
Page B2
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Flake Ice Machines
Winterizing Procedures
Winterizing Procedures
Important!
Whenever the ice machine is taken out of operation during the winter months, the procedure
below must be performed. Failure to do so may cause serious damage and will void all
warranties.
1. Turn off water to machine.
2. Make sure all ice is out of the evaporator(s)
3. Place the ON/OFF switch to the “OFF” position.
4. Disconnect the tubing between the evaporator and water float.
5. Drain the water system completely.
6. On water cooled machines, hold the water regulating valve
open by prying upward on the water valve spring with a
screwdriver while using compressed air to blow all the water out
of the condenser.
7. Remove all of the ice in the storage bin and discard.
Disconnect tubing from float to evaporator
and drain water from the evaporator
Page B3
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Flake Ice Machines
Cabinet Care
Cleaning Stainless Steel
Commercial grades of stainless steel are susceptible to rusting. It is important that you
properly care for the stainless steel surfaces of your ice machine and bin to avoid the
possibility of rust or corrosion. Use the following recommended guidelines for keeping your
stainless steel looking like new:
1. Clean the stainless steel thoroughly once a week. Clean frequently to avoid build-up
of hard, stubborn stains. Also, hard water stains left to sit can weaken the steel's corrosion
resistance and lead to rust. Use a nonabrasive cloth or sponge, working with, not across, the
grain.
2. Don't use abrasive tools to clean the steel surface. Do not use steel wool, abrasive
sponge pads, wire brushes or scrapers to clean the steel. Such tools can break through the
"passivation" layer - the thin layer on the surface of stainless steel that protects it from
corrosion.
3. Don't use cleaners that use chlorine or chlorides. Don't use chlorine bleach or
products like Comet to clean the steel. Chlorides break down the passivation layer and can
cause rusting.
4. Rinse with clean water. If chlorinated cleansers are used, you must thoroughly rinse the
surface with clean water and wipe dry immediately.
5. Use the right cleaning agent. The table below lists the recommended cleaning agents
for common stainless steel cleaning problems:
Cleaning Activity
Cleaning Agent
Method of Application
Routine cleaning
Soap, Ammonia, Windex, or
detergent with water.
Fantastik, 409 Spic’nSpan
Liquid are also approve for
Stainless Steel.
Apply with a clean cloth
or sponge. Rinse with
clean water and wipe dry.
Removing grease or
fatty acids
Easy-Off or similar oven
cleaners.
Apply generously, allow
to stand for 15-20
minutes.
Rinse with clean water.
Repeat as required.
Removing hard water spots
and scale.
Vinegar
Swab or wipe with clean
cloth.
Rinse with clean water
and dry.
Page B4
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Flake Ice Machines
Troubleshooting Trees
How To Use The Troubleshooting Trees
The troubleshooting trees were developed to be used in conjunction with the service
information in the sections that follow. If used together as intended, these two parts of the
manual will allow the ice machine service technician to quickly diagnose many of the
problems encountered with the ice machines. When used as designed, the troubleshooting
trees can lead you from a general symptom to the most likely component to suspect as the
cause of the problem. The trees are not designed to be “parts changer guides”: please do
not use them as such.
Components returned to the factory for warranty are tested by the factory and will not be
covered under the warranty policy if they are not defective.
The troubleshooting trees are made of three types of boxes:
QUESTION boxes (Circle) ask a yes/no question and the answer will lead to either another
question box, a check box or a solution box.
CHECK boxes (Rectangle) will suggest a point to check for proper operation, and will often
refer you to a page in the service information sections of this manual. The result of the check
may lead to another box, or a solution box.
SOLUTION boxes (Triangle) suggest the most likely component to cause the malfunction
described in the heading of the tree. When reaching a solution box, DO NOT immediately
assume the component is defective. The final step is to verify that the component is indeed
defective, by using the service information in the sections that follow.
To use the troubleshooting trees, first find the page with the heading describing the type of
problem occurring. Begin at the top of the page and follow the tree, step-by-step. When a
check box is reached, it may be necessary to refer to another section in the manual.
Once a solution box is reached, refer to the appropriate section to verify that the component
in the solution box is, indeed, the problem. Adjust, repair or replace the component as
necessary.
Page C1
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Flake Ice Machines
Troubleshooting Trees
Machine Runs, Does Not Make Ice
Page C2
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Flake Ice Machines
Troubleshooting Trees
Machine Runs, Does Not Make Ice
Page C3
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Flake Ice Machines
Troubleshooting Trees
Machine Does Not Run
Page C4
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Flake Ice Machines
Troubleshooting Trees
Slow Production
Page C5
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Flake Ice Machines
Troubleshooting Trees
Low Production
Page C6
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Flake Ice Machines
Troubleshooting Trees
High Suction Pressure
Page C7
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Flake Ice Machines
Troubleshooting Trees
Machine Freezes Up (Auger Seizes)
Page C8
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Flake Ice Machines
Troubleshooting Trees
Auger Motor Amp Draw Fluctuates
Page C9
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Flake Ice Machines
Troubleshooting Trees
Water Leaking From Bottom of Evaporator
Page C10
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Flake Ice Machines
Troubleshooting Trees
Machine Produces Wet Ice
Page C11
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Flake Ice Machines
Troubleshooting Trees
Hot Evaporator, Low Suction Pressure and Discharge Pressure (Remotes Only)
Page C12
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Flake Ice Machines
Troubleshooting Trees
Noise Coming from Evaporator
Page C13
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Flake Ice Machines
Water System
Water System
The water system in the flaker uses a floated operated valve that maintains the water level in
the evaporator barrel during ice making.
Float Valve and Reservoir
Water enters the machine through the float valve located in the water reservoir and is gravity
fed into the evaporator barrel through the water inlet tube. As the evaporator fills with water,
the inlet tube and reservoir will fill to the same level. When the evaporator is full and the
machine is off, water will lift the float ball, stopping the flow of water approximately ¼ inch
before overflowing the reservoir. The float valve can be adjusted by bending the arm
attached to the float ball.
While the machine is making ice, the float valve should maintain the water level so that is ¼
inch below the top insulation surrounding the evaporator barrel. The water in the evaporator
will also be at this level. It is important that the water be maintained at this level for proper
operation of the machine.
If the water level is too high, water at the top of the evaporator will not freeze and wet ice will
result. If the water level is too low, ice will freeze harder than normal, putting excessive load
on the drive system.
To adjust the water level in the evaporator, turn the machine on and wait for the machine to
begin making ice. Loosen or remove the two (2) screws securing the float reservoir bracket
to the frame.
Raise or lower the reservoir so that the water level is even with the top of the insulation
surrounding the evaporator. Resecure the reservoir at this level.
Water
Level
Water
Level
Page D1
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Flake Ice Machines
Water System
Water Seal and Lower O-Ring
The water seal is located in the bottom of the evaporator and prevents water from leaking out
of the evaporator. The water seal consists of two (2) components: the seal and the seal face.
The seal is fitted into the lower bearing housing and the seal face fits around the auger shaft
with the rubber side seating against the bottom of the auger. When the water seal assembly
is in place, the top of the seal presses against the seal face. If the water seal fails, water will
usually leak between the lower bearing and the auger shaft. See Page E6 for water seal
replacement procedure.
Note: The water seal is available only as a complete assembly. Both seal and seal
face must be replaced together.
Seal Face
O-Ring
Lower bearing
Seal
Lower Housing
Drip Boot
The drip boot is located at the bottom of the evaporator to catch condensation from the
evaporator. A water seal leak will not drain into the drip boot since the water will track down
the auger shaft.
Note: Too cold of water temperature (below 50°F) and improper water level are two of the
most common problems for flakers, causing low production, too hard and/or wet ice.
Page D2
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Flake Ice Machines
Drive System
Drive System
The drive system consists of all
components used to turn the auger.
The auger drive motor turns the gear
reducer via a V-Belt. A coupler is
used to connect the gear reducer to
the auger. The auger is located in
the evaporator and is supported by
two bearings, one at each end.
Evaporator
Auger Drive Motor and V-Belt
When facing the shaft, the auger
motor should turn counter clockwise.
A pulley on the shaft of the motor
holds one end of the V-Belt, which is
used to connect the auger motor to
the input shaft of the gear reducer.
Drip Boot
The pulley on the auger drive motor
must be aligned with the pulley on
the input shaft of the gear reducer.
This can be checked by placing a
straight edge across the face of the
two pulleys. If out of alignment, the
pulleys can be repositioned by
Coupler
loosening the setscrew that holds the
pulley to the shaft, realign the pulleys
and then retighten the setscrew.
Auger Motor
The V-Belt can be adjusted by
loosening the four (4) auger motor
mounting bolts and moving the motor
until the proper belt tension is
achieved. The belt should be
adjusted so that it will flex
Gear Reducer
approximately ½ inch when applying
slight pressure to the center of the belt. If the V-Belt is too tight, it will put an excessive load
on the auger motor and gear reducer. If the V-Belt is too loose, it may slip and reduce ice
production.
Auger motors should be oiled once a year with approximately 4 to 5 drops of SAE 20 oil in
each bearing.
Note: Models with two evaporators use a single drive motor with a shaft on each end of the
drive motor.
Page E1
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Flake Ice Machines
Drive System
Gear Reducer
The gear reducer transfers torque to the auger. The auger drive motor turns the input shaft
of the gear reducer at a high rate of speed. The input shaft turns a worm (screw type gear)
that meshes with a worm gear (bronze gear). The worm gear turns the output shaft at a
reduced speed.
The gear reducer should
be inspected for oil
leakage, noise, and
vibration during
scheduled maintenance
of the machine. If the
gear reducer is noisy,
vibrating or seizing, the
oil level may be low,
internal parts may be
worn, or the gear
Mounting
Bracket
Output Shaft
reducer may be under
excessive load due to a
problem in the
evaporator. If a problem
is found with the gear
reducer, it must be
replaced.
If the gear reducer is
damaged, it may bind or
lock up causing the
auger motor to shut off
on overload. This is
usually caused by a
damaged worm gear due
to lack of lubricant or
Input Shaft
excessive loading of the gear reducer.
Note: The are no serviceable parts available for the gear reducer. The 9171010-03 Gear
Reducer is a sealed component and does not require service.
Coupler
The coupler is a three piece assembly used to connect the gear
reducer to the auger. The coupler includes the upper half, lower half
and the nylon “spider” which fits between the teeth of the coupling
halves, preventing metal to metal contact of the coupling teeth.
There should be an 1/8 inch gap between the coupler halves. The
“spider should fit tightly between the coupling teeth. If there is
excessive play between the coupling halves, the “spider” should be
inspected for wear and replaced.
Page E2
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Flake Ice Machines
Drive System
Evaporator and Internal Components
The evaporator assembly includes the evaporator and all of its internal components. The
internal components consist of the upper and lower bearings and housings, water seal
assembly, upper and lower O-Rings, auger, and upper and lower nuts.
The evaporator assembly will need to be disassembled for inspection or repair if one or more
of the following conditions exist.
• Metal particles in the ice.
• Grease in the ice.
Follow the appropriate troubleshooting tree in Section C for the following symptoms before
disassembling the evaporator.
• Water leaking from the bottom of the evaporator assembly.
• Auger seizing up.
• Auger motor amp draw fluctuating more than 4/10 of an amp with proper line voltage.
• Noise coming from the evaporator assembly.
Evaporator Disassembly
It is recommended that the entire evaporator be disassembled and inspected whenever a
problem occurs in the evaporator.
Disconnect electrical power and shut off the water supply to the ice machine.
Remove the condensation cap (insulation) and ice chute from the top of the evaporator.
On EF models, remove the top panel and disconnect the wires from the secondary bin control
and remove the bin control cap tube from the brass tube.
Drain the evaporator by disconnecting the water feed tube from the float to the evaporator.
On EF models, remove the chassis from the cabinet by disconnecting the water and drain
lines and the incoming electrical at the cabinet junction box. Remove the chassis mounting
bolts and slide the chassis out of the cabinet.
Remove the drive belt and inspect for cracks or damage.
Remove the gear reducer by removing the (4) bolts holding the gear reducer to the frame.
Inspect the spider located between the coupling halves.
Remove the upper coupling half from the auger by using a ½ wrench to loosen the 5/16 bolt
and pulling the coupler half off of the auger shaft. If the coupler half is seized to the auger
shaft, remove the bolt and spray lubricant into the bolthole. Let the lubricant soak, then use a
puller to remove the coupler half. Do not pry or use a hammer on the coupler as damage
may result.
Remove the drain tube from the drip boot and remove the drip boot by pulling down on one
side and working the boot off of the evaporator lower retaining nut.
Page E3
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Flake Ice Machines
Drive System
Remove the upper evaporator retaining nut by using a chain wrench (wrap chain around the
upper part of the nut) to loosen the nut. Setscrews are not used on the upper nut. (Right
Hand Thread)
Caution: Do not use a hammer and chisel to loosen the nut, as damage will result.
Remove the auger and upper bearing housing assembly by tapping upward on the auger
shaft with a rubber mallet, or place a block of hardwood against the auger shaft and tap
upwards on the block with a hammer. Remove the upper bearing housing from the auger by
removing the mounting bolt and washer.
Caution: Do not hit the auger shaft with a metal hammer, as damage to the auger shaft
will result.
Upper Nut
Right Hand Thread
Remove the seal face from the auger by prying it off with a screwdriver.
Remove the lower
evaporator retaining nut
Bearing
by first using an 1/8 inch
Allen wrench to remove
Upper Housing Assembly
the two (2) ¼ inch set
O-Ring
screws from the lower
nut. Remove the lower
evaporator retaining nut
by using a chain wrench
(wrap chain around the
lower part of the nut) to
loosen the nut. (Right
Hand Thread)
Auger
Caution: If the two (2)
sets screws are not
removed, damage to
the evaporator threads
will result.
Remove the lower
bearing housing
assembly from the
evaporator barrel by
placing a dowel,
approximately 18 inches
long, against the lower
bearing and tapping
lightly on the dowel until
the bearing housing is
removed from the
evaporator.
Seal Face
Bearing
Lower Seal
O-Ring
Remove 2 setscrews
Lower Housing Assembly
Lower Nut
Right Hand Thread
Page E4
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Flake Ice Machines
Drive System
Vertical Score Lines Guide the Ice Upward
Evaporator Barrel and Auger Inspection
Inspect the evaporator for damage around the dispense
opening. If it is cracked or bulged outward, it is
probably due to a bin control failure. Check both bin
controls for proper adjustment and operation before the
machine is put back into service.
Inspect the interior of the evaporator barrel for damage.
The interior of the evaporator should be smooth and
have no scoring or damage due to the auger coming in
contact with the evaporator side. If damage is present,
the evaporator will require replacement. The
evaporator is available as an assembly, which includes
all internal components, or is available as the
evaporator barrel only, which does not include the
internal components.
If the
evaporator
wall is
scored by
the auger
the
evaporator
will need to
be
Clean the auger and inspect for corrosion or wear. If
the auger is corroded or if the flights are worn from
contact with the evaporator walls, it should be replaced.
replaced.
The auger bearing journals can be checked for wear by
using hand pressure to install a new bearing onto the
journals. The bearing should fit tightly around the
journal. If the bearing does not fit tight, the auger is
worn and must be replaced or machined to the proper
size.
Augers used in the 3 inch diameter evaporators should
have a journal diameter between 1.1803 and 1.1809
inches for both the upper and lower journals.
Augers used in the 2 1/2 inch diameter evaporators
should have an upper journal diameter between .9831
and .9836 inches and the lower journal diameter between .7492 and .7498 inches.
Lower Bearing Journal
Upper Bearing Journal
Damaged or worn evaporator components will cause high auger motor amp draw and may
cause the evaporator to lock up.
Page E5
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Flake Ice Machines
Drive System
Bearings, Water Seal and O-Rings
There is a bearing at the top and bottom of the auger shaft to allow the auger to rotate freely
with a minimum amount of friction. The lower bearing is a sealed ball bearing and the upper
bearing is a tapered roller bearing.
Tap the upper race out of the bearing housing.
The bearings can be inspected once removed from the machine
by turning the bearing by hand. If the bearing does not turn
smoothly, it should be replaced. Visually check the tapered
roller bearing, if it is pitted, corroded or shows signs of wear, it
must be replaced.
Upper Bearing and Race
To remove the upper bearing race from the upper housing, turn
the housing over and carefully tap the race out of the housing
using a punch and hammer.
Tap out the lower bearing and water seal
To remove the lower bearing and water seal, turn over and
support the housing assembly by the flange on the housing,
carefully tap on the bearing with a punch and hammer until the
water seal and bearing are removed from the housing.
Support housing on housing flange
Remove the O-Rings and clean the upper and lower bearing
housings.
Housings Shown Inverted
Install the new upper bearing race and lower bearing in their
respective housings with a bearing press or a bearing driver. Do
not use a hammer directly in the bearing or bearing race.
Bearing
Install new O-Rings in the upper and lower housings; lightly
lubricate the O-Rings with white food grade grease. Lubricate the
upper bearing and bearing race
Install the lower water seal in the bearing housing by first applying
a thin bead of silicone around the water seal flange
circumference. This will prevent water from leaking between the
housing and metal portion of the seal.
Upper O-Ring
I.D. of pipe to match O.D
of water seal flange
Press the water seal into the housing with a bearing press and a
short piece of PVC pipe.
Place the pipe over the seal so that the pipe is in contact with the
flange portion of the seal. Use a 2-3/4 I.D. pipe for 3 inch seals
and a 1-3/4 I.D. pipe for the 2-1/2 inch seals. Insure that the pipe is
cut off square. Use extreme caution to prevent damage to the
seal. Remove any excess silicone from the flange.
PVC Pipe
Apply a small bead of silicone to the seal flange circumference
Water Seal
Bearing
Lower O-Ring
Page E6
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Flake Ice Machines
Drive System
Torque bolt to 40 ft/lbs.
Seal Face Installation
Lightly lubricate the rubber portion of the seal face and
apply a small amount of silicone sealant to the metal
part of the seal face (rubber side) that seats against
the auger. Install the seal face on the auger.
Caution: Do not scratch or damage the seal face.
Pack bearing with
grease prior to
installation
Fill cavity with grease
Evaporator Reassembly
Lubricate the upper O-Ring with food grade white grease
and attach the upper housing to the auger. Pack the tapered
roller bearing with Chevron Oil FM Grease EP NLGI 0 or
equivalent. Fill the cavity below the bearing with
grease. Install the bearing over the bearing journal, install
the washer and bolt, tighten to 40 ft/lbs.
Lightly lubricate the O-Ring on the lower housing and install the
complete lower housing into the evaporator by applying even
pressure upward. It may be necessary to tap the housing with a
rubber mallet or with a hammer and hard wooden block. Install
and tighten the lower evaporator nut. Install and
tighten the lower nut setscrews.
Apply silicone sealant to the
rubber side of the seal; do not
apply silicone to the flat portion of
the seal
Carefully install the seal face,
as shown, do not damage the
flat portion of the seal
Carefully install the auger and upper housing
assembly into the evaporator barrel, taking care
not to scrape the evaporator walls. Push
downward on the housing until the bearing
housing is seated against the evaporator barrel.
A rubber mallet may be needed to tap the
housing into place. Install the grease cap and
tighten the upper evaporator nut.
Reverse the first 6 steps in the Evaporator
Disassembly Section.
Torque setscrews to
55 inch pounds
Auger should turn freely by hand
Page E7
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Flake Ice Machines
Drive System
Exploded View of the Evaporator
Page E8
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Flake Ice Machines
Refrigeration System
Refrigeration System and Components
Before diagnosing the refrigeration system, it is important that the refrigerant charge be
correct. Whenever the refrigeration system has been opened, the filter-drier must be
replaced and the proper refrigerant charge must be weighed in or measured. See refrigerant
charge information on Page A5.
Refrigerant is circulated throughout the refrigeration system by a hermetic compressor.
Refrigerant, in its vapor state is circulated from the compressor to the condenser. Heat is
removed from the refrigerant. Heat is removed from the refrigerant either by forced air
movement through the condenser or by a heat exchanger (water cooled condenser) that
transfers heat from the refrigerant to the water. The refrigerant changes to a liquid when
cooled.
The refrigerant in a liquid state passes through a filter drier. The filter drier traps moisture
and foreign particles from the system.
Important! The filter drier must be replaced whenever the refrigeration system is opened or if
the refrigerant charge is lost.
Compressor
The compressor runs during the entire ice making cycle. If the valves in the compressor are
damaged, the compressor will be unable to pump refrigerant efficiently. Damaged valves
may be the symptom of another problem in the refrigeration system, such as liquid returning
to the compressor or high head pressure. Whenever a compressor is replaced, it is important
that the refrigerant charge be weighed in or measured and the system checked for proper
operation to prevent a repeat failure.
An inefficient compressor will usually have a higher than normal suction pressure and a lower
than normal head pressure. Production will be slow and ice will be wetter than normal.
Check the compressor amperage draw (On Machine Data Plate) after the compressor has
been running for five minutes. If the compressor amp draw is less than 70% of the rated load
amp, the compressor may be inefficient. These symptoms may also be caused by other
problems. Therefore, it is important to use the troubleshooting trees when diagnosing a
problem. See Electrical System for more information on the compressor and compressor
start components.
Page F1
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Flake Ice Machines
Refrigeration System
Refrigerant Pressures (Continued)
The operating pressures for models utilizing the Alco thermostatic expansion valve are
listed below.
ALCO Manufactured Expansion Valve
Model
Number
Air
Temp °F
90°F
Water
Temp °F
70°F
Suction
Discharge Pressure PSIG
Pressure PSIG
192 LAC
265
240 LAC
EMF2306R
40
35
33
45
266
260
263
355
70°F
50°F
217
-20°F/50°F
120°F/110°F
40°F
200
100°F
365
EMF2306W
EMF405A
EMF450A
EMF450W
90°F
70°F
50°F
110°F
70°F
50°F
40°F
100°F
38
37
36
42
250
250
250
250
90°F
70°F
50°F
110°F
70°F
50°F
40°F
100°F
56
53
36
61
274
215
158
352
90°F
70°F
50°F
110°F
70°F
50°F
40°F
100°F
56
52
51
57
290
222
131
374
90°F
70°F
50°F
110°F
70°F
50°F
40°F
100°F
50
48
46
54
250
250
250
250
Page F3
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Flake Ice Machines
Refrigerant Pressures (Continued)
Refrigeration System
The operating pressures for models utilizing the Sporlan thermostatic expansion valve are
listed below.
SPORLAN Manufactured Expansion Valve
Model
Number
Air
Temp °F
70°F
Water
Temp °F
50°F
Suction
Pressure PSIG
52-56
Discharge Pressure PSIG
192 LAC
240 LAC
EF250/255
240
310
90°F
70°F
55-59
EMF405A
EF/EMF450A
EMF450W
EMF705A
70°F
90°F
50°F
70°F
50-53
54-57
225
285-290
70°F
90°F
50°F
70°F
49-53
53-57
260
320-325
70°F
90°F
50°F
70°F
50-52
52-53
250
250
70°F
90°F
50°F
70°F
38-40
42-45
270
345-350
EF/EMF800A
EMF800W
EMF1005A
EMF1106A
EMF1106W
EMF1106R
EMF2306A
70°F
90°F
50°F
70°F
45-48
49-51
275
340-345
70°F
90°F
50°F
70°F
41-43
41-43
250
250
70°F
90°F
50°F
70°F
38-42
42-45
295-300
328-333
70°F
90°F
50°F
70°F
41-43
43-47
270
320-325
70°F
90°F
50°F
70°F
38-39
38-40
250
250
70°F
90°F
50°F
70°F
39
215-220
273-278
257
268
41-43
70°F
90°F
50°F
70°F
37-38
42
275
330-335
Page F4
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Flake Ice Machines
Refrigeration System
To properly cool the condenser, there must be adequate airflow around the machine. The
ambient air temperature should not exceed 100°F (38°C). See Installation Guideline on
Page A6. The condenser coil and fan blades must be kept clean. The condenser can be
cleaned with compressed air or by using a brush.
If a brush is used, brush in the direction of the fins taking care not to bend or distort the
condenser fins. If the condenser fins are bent, this will also restrict the airflow through the
condenser and the fins will need to be straightened with a fin comb.
Water Cooled Condenser
If the machine has been installed properly, the water flow through the condenser will be
opposite the refrigerant flow. For proper water flow, the water for the condenser must be
piped through the water valve first. The water condenser must have a minimum of 20 PSI
(1.4 Bar) of flowing water pressure to the condenser. The water temperature to the
condenser must not exceed 100°F (38°C). A water regulating valve is used to control to flow
of water to the condenser. In areas that have poor water quality, the condenser may
eventually become coated with mineral deposits. This will decrease the efficiency of the
condenser resulting in high head pressure and high water usage. Water cooled condensers
replaced because of failure due to excessive mineral build up will not be covered under
warranty.
Water Regulating Valve
The water regulating valve controls the head pressure by regulating the
amount of water flow through the condenser. The bellows of the water
regulating valve are connected to the high side of the refrigeration system.
As the discharge pressure rises, the bellows expand, increasing the water
flow through the condenser. Adjusting the spring pressure screw at the top
of the valve can change the rate of water flow.
The unit should be run for 10 minutes, then the valve should be adjusted
as needed to maintain a refrigerant discharge pressure of 250 PSI (18.3
Bar). Water exiting the condenser should be between 100°F (38°C)
and110°F (43°C). When the machine is off, either on full bin or when the
selector switch is in the off position, the regulating valve will close
completely, stopping the flow of water through the condenser. If the water
flow does not stop when the machine is not running, the valve should be
replaced.
Air Cooled Condenser (Remote)
See Pages F10 or go to Page A10 for remote condenser installation.
High Pressure Safety
The high pressure safety control is a normally closed control. If the discharge pressure
becomes too high, the high pressure safety control will open and shut the machine off. The
high pressure safety control is an automatic reset type and will close and restart the machine
when the pressure drops. The high pressure safety control is used on all water cooled and
remote machines and some air cooled machines.
Page F6
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Flake Ice Machines
Refrigeration System
Expansion Valve
The expansion valve meters the flow of refrigerant into the evaporator, changing its state
from a high pressure liquid to a low pressure liquid. This drop in pressure causes the
refrigerant to cool. The cooled refrigerant absorbs heat from the water in
the evaporator.
The flow of refrigerant into the evaporator is controlled by the temperature
at the outlet of the evaporator. The expansion valve bulb, which is mounted
to the top of the suction line, senses the evaporator outlet temperature
causing the valve to open or close. As ice forms in the evaporator the
temperature drops and the flow of refrigerant into the evaporator decreases.
The evaporator should become completely flooded (filled with liquid
refrigerant). A completely flooded evaporator will form ice in the entire
evaporator. A starved evaporator (not enough liquid refrigerant) will have poor or no ice
formation in the evaporator, and the tube exiting the evaporator will not frost.
The tubes in and out of the evaporator should frost within approximately 5 minutes from the
time the compressor starts. An expansion valve that is restricted or not opening properly will
starve the evaporator causing the suction pressure to be lower than normal. Wet ice or slow
production will result.
A low refrigerant charge will also starve the evaporator and cause low
suction and discharge pressure. It is important that the refrigerant charge
be correct before diagnosing the valve. If not sure of the amount of
charge in the system, the refrigerant should be recovered and the correct
charge weighed in. If the evaporator is starved but the suction pressure is
higher than normal, the compressor may be inefficient.
If the expansion valve sticks open or if the bulb is not making contact with
the suction line, the flow of refrigerant into the evaporator will be too great
and liquid refrigerant will flood back to the compressor. The evaporator
temperature will be higher than normal resulting in wet ice and slow
production.
A dual evaporator machine has one expansion valve for each evaporator. If one valve sticks
open and the other is operating normally, the suction pressure will be higher than normal and
the evaporator with the defective expansion valve will produce less ice than the side with the
good valve. If one expansion valve sticks closed and one is operating normally, the suction
pressure will be normal or low and the evaporator with the defective expansion valve will
produce less ice than the side with the good valve.
Important!
Use only ICE-O-Matic O.E.M. replacement expansion valves. Warranty will be void if
an expansion valve other than the correct ICE-O-Matic replacement part is used.
Page F7
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Flake Ice Machines
Refrigeration System
Expansion Valve Diagnosis
Single Evaporator Machine
a. TXV sensing bulb
uninsulated or not
making good contact
with suction line.
b. TXV sensing bulb in
wrong location.
a. Clean suction line and
clamp bulb securely.
Insulate bulb.
b. Relocate sensing bulb
to top of suction line.
c. Recover refrigerant and
weigh in correct charge.
d. Replace TXV.
1. Evaporator flooded but
suction pressure too high.
Compressor has been
checked and appears to
be good. Suction line at
compressor may be
c. System overcharged.
d. TXV stuck open.
colder than normal.
2. Evaporator starved, no
frost on line exiting
evaporator. Suction
pressure low.
a. Machine low on charge.
b. TXV restricted or stuck
closed.
a. Recover refrigerant and
weigh in correct charge.
b. Replace TXV and filter-
drier.
Dual Evaporator Machine
a. Machine low on charge.
b. TXV restricted or stuck
closed.
c. System overcharged.
d. An expansion valve
stuck open.
a. Recover refrigerant and
weigh in proper charge.
b. Replace TXV and filter-
drier.
c. Recover refrigerant and
weigh in correct charge.
d. Replace TXV.
1. Evaporator flooded but
suction pressure too high.
Compressor has been
checked and appears to
be good. Suction line at
compressor may be
colder than normal.
2. One evaporator starved
and one evaporator
properly flooded, suction
pressure lower than
normal.
a. TXV restricted or
sticking closed.
a. Replace defective TXV
Production Check
Check ice production by allowing the machine to produce ice into a container for 15 minutes.
If the machine has 2 evaporators, be sure to collect the ice from each evaporator separately
so that production from each evaporator can be checked. Weigh the ice in each container
and multiply the weight by 96. This will give you the approximate production in a 24 hour
period.
Weight of ice produced in 15 minutes X 96 =production in 24 hours.
Note: Verify that the condenser is clean and the inlet water temperature and level is correct
prior to performing a production check.
Page F8
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Flake Ice Machines
Refrigeration System
Evaporator
When water fills the evaporator, liquid refrigerant is circulated through the tubing wrapped
around the evaporator. As the liquid refrigerant in the tubing vaporizes, it absorbs heat from
the water, causing it to freeze. The evaporator should be completely flooded with refrigerant
while the machine is making ice.
A flooded evaporator will build ice evenly in the evaporator. A starved evaporator will
produce less ice and the ice will be wetter than normal. Most problems with ice quality or
“freeze ups” are not related to a defective evaporator. Use the Troubleshooting Trees in
Section C for additional help.
If the evaporator is flooded but the suction
pressure is lower than normal and the ice
production is slow, it is possible that the
evaporator has a restriction. If the evaporator is
flooded but the suction pressure is higher than
normal and ice production is slow, it is possible
that the evaporator has coil separation.
Evaporator coil separation is the separation of
the refrigerant tubing from the evaporator barrel.
This is rare but may occur from time to time.
Usually all of the following symptoms will be
present.
• Higher than normal suction pressure.
• Cold or frosted compressor suction line.
• Slow ice production and/or wet ice.
If the coil is separated, the evaporator must be
replaced. If the outlet of the evaporator is not
frosted, the problem is not with coil separation.
(Refer to the Troubleshooting Trees in Section C
As liquid refrigerant leaves the evaporator, it
changes to a low pressure vapor before
returning to the compressor.
Important!
Liquid refrigerant must not return to the
compressor or damage may result. Frost on the
suction line at the inlet of the compressor
indicates liquid may be returning to the
compressor. Check for frost during the freeze
cycle. If liquid refrigerant is returning to the
compressor, the problem must be located and corrected.
Page F9
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Flake Ice Machines
Refrigeration System
Remote System
Machines that use remote condensers have several components that are not used in self
contained machines. A mixing valve controls the head pressure when the ambient
temperature at the condenser drops below 70°F (21°C). When the bin fills with ice or is
turned off at the selector switch, the machine will pump all the refrigerant into the receiver
before shutting off.
Remote Condenser
For proper operation, the remote condenser must be installed properly.
Improper installation will void the warranty. See remote guidelines on
page A10. The location of the remote condenser should be such that the
ambient air temperature does not exceed 120°F (48.9°C). If ambient
temperature exceeds 120°F (48.9°C) ice production will decrease until the
ambient temperature decreases.
If the airflow is restricted or the condenser is dirty, the head pressure will
be excessively high, slow production will result and the compressor may
overheat and eventually become damaged. The condenser coil and fan
blades must be kept clean. The condenser can be cleaned with
Air Flow
compressed air or by using a brush. If a brush is used, brush in the direction of the fins
taking care not to bend the fins. If the condenser fins are bent, this will restrict the airflow
through the condenser and the fins will need to be straightened with a fin comb. Problems
related to a dirty condenser or poor airflow will not be covered under warranty. Note: The
condenser fan motor runs continually, it will shut off when the icemaker shuts off.
Mixing Valve (L.A.C., Headmaster)
When the temperature at the condenser is above
70°F (21°C), the refrigerant flow from the
compressor is directed by the mixing valve
through the condenser and into the receiver.
When the temperature at the condenser drops
below 70°F (21°C), the pressure in the bellows of
the mixing valve becomes greater than the
pressure of the liquid refrigerant coming from the
condenser. This change allows the valve to
partially restrict the flow of refrigerant leaving the
condenser and allows discharge gas to by-pass
the condenser and flow directly into the receiver,
mixing with the liquid refrigerant from the
condenser. The amount of discharge gas that
bypasses the condenser increases as the ambient
temperature decreases. This action of the mixing
valve allows the discharge pressure to be maintained at approximately 240 psi (16.5 bar)
during low ambient conditions. If the refrigerant system is undercharged and the ambient
temperature is below 70°F (21°C), the mixing valve will not work properly. The mixing valve
will allow too much refrigerant to bypass the condenser.
Page F10
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Flake Ice Machines
Mixing Valve Diagnosis:
Problem
Refrigeration System
Possible Cause
Remedy
1. Head pressure low,
Line between valve
and receiver cold.
Ambient condenser
temp. below 70°F
(21°C)
a. Valve defective, not
allowing discharge
gas into receiver
a. Replace valve
a. System low on
charge.
b. Valve defective, not
allowing liquid into
receiver.
a. Leak check. Recover
refrigerant and weigh
in proper charge.
2. Head pressure low,
Line between valve
and receiver hot.
b. Replace valve.
a. Valve defective, not
allowing refrigerant
through condenser.
a. Replace valve.
3. Head pressure low,
Line returning from
condenser is cool.
Ambient condenser
temperature is above
70°F (21°C)
Pump Down System (Remote Only)
The pump down system prevents liquid refrigerant from migrating to the evaporator and
compressor during the off cycle and prevents the compressor from slugging or starting under
an excessive load.
Liquid Line Solenoid
When a machine with a remote condenser shuts off, the liquid line
solenoid valve, located at the outlet of the receiver, is de-energized
causing the valve to close completely restricting the flow of refrigerant.
The compressor will pump all of the refrigerant into the condenser and
receiver.
As the system pumps down, the pressure on the low side of the system
drops. When the suction pressure drops to 19 psi (1.3 bar), the pump down control opens
and shuts the machine off. See page G5 for pump down control operation. Liquid refrigerant
is stored in the condenser and receiver while the machine is off. It is normal for the machine
to pump down once or twice an hour as the pressures equalize.
When the machine comes back on (the bin switch closes or the selector switch placed to the
ICE position), the liquid line solenoid valve opens and the refrigerant is released from the
receiver. When the suction pressure rises to 45 psi (3.1 bar) the pump down control closes
and the machine comes back on. If the machine will not pump down, the valve may not be
closing all the way. A weak compressor will also prevent the machine from pumping down.
Check for signs of a weak compressor before replacing the liquid line solenoid. Prior to
replacing the valve, disassemble and check for obstructions that may not allow the valve to
seat.
Page F11
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Flake Ice Machines
Refrigeration System
Receiver
If the system has a remote condenser, the refrigerant will enter a receiver before
passing through the filter drier. The receiver holds reserve liquid refrigerant
during the freeze cycle. The receiver also stores liquid refrigerant during the off
cycle.
Refrigerant
Refrigerant in a high-pressure liquid form is fed to an expansion valve where the refrigerant is
reduced to a low-pressure liquid. Under this low pressure, the liquid will absorb heat from the
evaporator causing the liquid to change to a vapor. This vapor is the drawn into the
compressor where the temperature and pressure of the vapor are increased. The high
temperature, high pressure vapor flows to the condenser where the heat is removed, causing
the vapor to return to the liquid form, making the refrigerant ready to flow back to the
evaporator to pick up more heat.
Most Ice-O-Matic ice machine use R134a or R404a refrigerant. Always check the serial
number data plate for the proper type of refrigerant and the amount used in the machine you
are servicing.
R404a and R134a are both HFC refrigerants, which result in no ozone depletion factor.
R404a cylinders are orange in color, R134a cylinders are light blue in color.
Important: When discharging refrigerant from an icemaker, recover as much of the
refrigerant as possible with a recovery device or some other means to prevent the
refrigerant from entering the atmosphere.
Page F12
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Flake Ice Machines
Refrigeration System
Method of Charging Refrigerant
In order to achieve a properly charged refrigeration system, the system must be completely
evacuated.
To achieve a complete evacuation you will need a service gauge manifold with properly
maintained hoses, and a vacuum pump capable of pulling a 50-micron vacuum. This will
require a two-stage pump.
Connect the service gauge manifold to the high and low side service ports and vacuum
pump. Make sure the valves on the gauge manifold are closed, then start the pump.
Note: Do not use a refrigeration compressor as a vacuum pump. Compressors are able
to pull only a 50,000-micron vacuum.
After the vacuum pump has been started, open the valves on the gauge manifold. This will
allow the refrigeration system to start being evacuated.
If there has not been an excessive amount of moisture in the system, allow the vacuum pump
to pull the system down to about 200 microns or 29.9 inches or less. Once this has been
achieved, allow the vacuum pump to operate for another 30 minutes. Then close the valves
on the gauge manifold and stop the vacuum pump. Then watch your gauges. A rise to 500
microns in three (3) minutes or less indicates a dry system under a good vacuum.
If your gauge registers a more rapid rise, the system either has moisture remaining or there is
a leak in the system, requiring a check for the leak, and repair and another complete
evacuation.
Note: Seal the ends of the gauge manifold hose and pull them into a deep vacuum to
determine if the leak is not in the hoses. The gauge manifold should be able to hold the
vacuum for three (3) minutes.
If the refrigeration system is extremely wet, use radiant heat to raise the temperature of the
system. This action will cause the moisture to vaporize at less of a vacuum.
The use of two (2) valves, one between the vacuum pump and gauge manifold and the other
between the refrigerant cylinder and the gauge manifold allows you to evacuate and charge
the system without disconnecting any hoses. If the hoses were disconnected, air or moisture
will have the opportunity to enter the hoses and then the system.
A properly charged icemaker is a service technician’s greatest ally. Proper charging will
allow any concern with the icemaker to be accurately diagnosed.
The refrigerant charge must be weighed into the icemaker either by using a charging scale or
with a dial-a-charge.
The amount of proper refrigerant required for the icemaker is printed on the serial data plate
attached to the icemaker and is listed on the following pages. Never vary the amounts from
those listed.
Page F13
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Flake Ice Machines
Refrigeration System
Remote models with sixty (60) foot lineset runs will need an additional fifteen (15) ounces of
refrigerant added.
In some cases the complete refrigerant charge may not enter the refrigeration system. In
those instances, close the gauge manifold high side valve and disconnect the manifold from
the high side port.
When the icemaker is completely charged, secure the caps to the service ports and check to
make sure the ports are not leaking refrigerant.
Reference Tables on Page A5.
Page F14
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Flake Ice Machines
Electrical System
Control Circuit
All machines in this manual are controlled basically the same way.
Selector Switch
The selector switch is used to start the ice making cycle or to turn the machine off. The
machine is put into operation by switching the selector switch to the ON position.
Contactor
When the selector switch is in the ICE position, the contactor coil is energized and
pulls in the contactor contacts. This energizes the compressor start components,
which starts the compressor.
Compressor and Start Components
The compressor should run during the entire cycle. If the machine is in the ICE position but
the compressor is not running, check the compressor contactor to see if it is engaged. If the
contactor is not engaged, the problem is not with the compressor or the compressor start
components. If the contactor is engaged and there is correct voltage through the contactor,
there could be a problem with one of the starting components or the compressor. It is
recommended that the compressor starting components be replaced when replacing a
compressor.
Page G1
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Flake Ice Machines
Electrical System
Compressor Check
If the compressor uses
an internal overload, be
Disconnect power before servicing
certain that the compressor has cooled and the overload has reset before diagnosing the
compressor. If the compressor is cool and is still not running, check the compressor motor
windings by first removing the wires at the compressor terminals. With an ohmmeter, check
for continuity between all three terminals, if an open circuit exists between any of the
terminals, the compressor may need to be replaced. Check for continuity from each terminal
to the compressor body, if continuity is found from any terminal to the compressor body, the
compressor windings are shorted to ground and the compressor will need to be replaced. If
the compressor appears to be good at this point, it is advisable to use a compressor analyzer
to isolate the compressor from the start components while checking for a locked rotor. If an
analyzer is not available, the compressor starting components must be checked.
If all starting components are good, check the amperage draw from the common terminal of
the compressor, making sure proper voltage is supplied to the compressor and all wiring is
properly connected. If the compressor does not start and there is excessive amperage draw,
(see locked rotor amps on compressor tag) the compressor has a locked rotor and should be
replaced.
Important: Compressors returned to the factory for warranty are tested and will not be
covered under the warranty policy if they are not defective.
Overload (External)
If there is no amperage draw check the compressor overload. The compressor overload can
be checked for continuity after removing it from the compressor and letting it cool to room
temperature. If there is no continuity between the two terminals, replace the overload. If the
overload is suspected of opening prematurely, it should be replaced with an overload, which
is known to be good.
Capacitors
The start capacitor is an electrical storage device used to provide starting torque to the
compressor. If a start capacitor is defective, the compressor will not start properly.
The run capacitor is an electrical storage device used to improve the running characteristics
and efficiency of the compressor.
Before checking a capacitor, it should be discharged by shorting across the terminals. If a
run or start capacitor is cracked, leaking or bulging it should be replaced. If a capacitor is
suspected of being defective, it can easily be checked by replacing it with a capacitor of the
correct size, which is known to be good. If the compressor starts and runs properly, replace
the original capacitor. A capacitor tester can also be used.
Start Relay
The start relay breaks the electrical circuit to the start windings when the compressor motor
speed increases. If the relay is defective, the compressor will not start or it may start but will
run for a very short time.
A compressor relay can be checked by removing the relay and checking the relay contacts
for damage and check for continuity across the closed relay points. Check the relay coil with
an ohmmeter. If no continuity is read, replace the relay.
Page G2
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Flake Ice Machines
Electrical System
Adjustment Screw
Safety Control
The low temperature safety control prevents the machine from
operating without water in the evaporator of if the v-belt breaks. If
the evaporator temperature drops below approximately 30°F (-1°C),
the safety control will open and shut the machine off.
The safety control is located in the control box and the capillary
tube is located in a thermal well attached to the bottom of the evaporator barrel just above the
lower nut.
To check the safety control for proper operation, turn the water supply to the float off and
allow the machine to operate. When the water in the float and feed tube has been depleted,
the safety control should open, shutting the machine off within approximately 3 minutes.
Once the water supply has been turned back on, the control should close and the machine
should start within approximately 5 minutes.
The safety control can be adjusted by turning the adjusting screw clockwise to lower the cut-
out temperature (colder) and counterclockwise to raise the cut-out temperature (warmer).
Bin Control
A primary thermostatic bin control and mechanical secondary bin switch in used to shut the
machine off when the bin becomes full of ice.
Adjustment Screw
Thermostatic Bin Control
The thermostatic bin control is located in the control box with the
capillary tube housed in a thermal well located in the bin or down chute.
When ice comes in contact with the thermal well, the contacts in the
control open and the machine shuts down.
When ice is removed, the machine comes back on. Check the thermostatic bin control for
proper adjustment with the machine running by covering approximately 6 inches (15CM) of
the thermal well. The machine should shut off in approximately 3 minutes. Remove the ice
once the machine shuts off and the machine should restart within approximately 5 minutes.
The bin control can be adjusted by turning the adjusting screw clockwise to lower the cut-out
temperature (colder) and counterclockwise to raise the cut-out temperature (warmer).
EF Series Bin
Thermal Well
EMF Series Thermal Well
Page G3
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Flake Ice Machines
Electrical System
Mechanical Bin Control
The mechanical bin control is located in the top panel of the ice bin on the EF Series and on
the top of the down chute on the EMF Series. When ice fills the down chute on the EMF
Series units, or ice fills the bin on EF Series units a rubber diaphragm pushes up against a
switch.
To check the bin switch, push up on the diaphragm or switch arm raising it approximately 1/8
inch. This movement should actuate (open) the switch. The switch should close when
returned to the normal position. The switch can be adjusted by loosening the adjusting
screws and moving it to the proper position.
Important! The secondary bin switch should only be utilized as a safety. If the machine is
shutting off on the secondary control, the primary control should be adjusted.
Auger Motor Relay
The auger motor relay is used on modular models to energize the auger motor, preventing
excessive current through the bin control. When power is supplied to the coil of the relay, the
normally open contacts close, energizing the auger motor.
Auger Motor
The auger drive motor is used to turn the gear reducer via a V-Belt. The auger motor should
turn counter clockwise when facing the pulley end of the motor.
The auger motor uses an internal overload
protector, which opens if the motor is under
excessive load. If the overload protector
opens, the entire machine will shut off and
will restart when the overload cools and
resets. Problems with the drive system such
as a dirty evaporator or bad bearings are
usually the cause of the overload protector
tripping. This can be checked by reading the
auger motor amp draw. A fluctuation of more
than 4/10 of an amp indicates there may be a
problem in the drive system. See the Troubleshooting Trees on Page C9. Note: When
replacing an auger motor, make sure the new motor is wired properly.
Page G4
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Flake Ice Machines
Electrical System
Compressor Delay
When the machine starts, the compressor delay timer is energized. Once the timer counts
out, the contactor is energized and the compressor starts.
The compressor delay timer will keep the compressor off for approximately 5 minutes when
the machine restarts for any reason. This will reduce the load on the auger drive system. On
remote units, the compressor delay timer energizes the liquid line solenoid.
Note: The compressor delay timer is only utilized on the EMF1106/5 and EMF2306/5 units.
Pump Down System (Remote Only)
If a remote machine is shut down by the selector switch or bin control, the liquid line solenoid
valve is de-energized allowing the valve to close. This blocks the flow of refrigerant causing
all the refrigerant to be pumped into the receiver and condenser. This is done to prevent
liquid refrigerant from migrating into the compressor during the off cycle, which could damage
the compressor on start-up. Also see Pump Down System in the Refrigeration Section on
page F11. As the refrigerant is pumped into the receiver, the suction pressure begins to
drop. Once the suction pressure reaches approximately 19 psi (1.7 bar) the pump down
control contacts open, which will de-energize the compressor contactor.
Pump Down Control
The pump down control is a low pressure control that shuts the machine off when the suction
pressure drops during the pump down phase. The control is factory set to open at 19 psi (1.7
bar) and close at 45 psi (3.1 bar). The pump down control does not normally need to be
adjusted, however an adjustment may be made by turning the adjustment screw,
Page G5
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Flake Ice Machines
Electrical System
EF250/255/405
EF450A/W
9071694-01
Page G6
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Flake Ice Machines
Electrical System
EF800A/W
9071963-01
Page G7
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Flake Ice Machines
Electrical System
EMF450/405A/W
9071958-01
Page G8
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Flake Ice Machines
Electrical System
EMF800A/W
9071954-01
Page G9
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Flake Ice Machines
Electrical System
EMF705/1005/1006A/W
9071956-01
Page G10
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Flake Ice Machines
Electrical System
EMF1106R
9071962-01
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Flake Ice Machines
Electrical System
EMF2306A/W
9071955-01
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Flake Ice Machines
Electrical System
EMF2306R
9071960-01
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Flake Ice Machines
Electrical System
EMF2305L
9071959-01
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