Magnum DS8016
10 / 100Mb Dual-Speed
Stackable Hubs
Installation and User Guide
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Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Stackable Hubs
Installation and User Guide (07/06)
Magnum™ DS8016
10/100Mb Dual-Speed
Stackable Hubs
Installation and User Guide
Part #: 84-00120, Rev. C (04/01)
Trademarks
Ethernet is a trademark of Xerox Corporation
NEBS is a trademark of Telcordia Technologies
UL is a registered trademark of Underwriters Laboratories
GarrettCom, Magnum and Personal Switch are trademarks and Personal Hub is a
registered trademark of GarrettCom, Inc.
Important: The Magnum DS8016 10/100 Dual Speed Stackable Hubs family
contains no user serviceable parts. Attempted service by unauthorized personnel
shall render all warranties null and void. If problems are experienced with
Magnum DS8016 10/100 Dual Speed Stackable Hubs, consult Section 6,
Troubleshooting, of this User Guide.
Copyright © 2006 GarrettCom, Inc. All rights reserved. No part
of this publication may be reproduced without prior written permission from
GarrettCom, Inc.
Printed in the United States of America.
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Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Stackable Hubs
Installation and User Guide (07/06)
Contacting GarrettCom, Inc
Please use the mailing address, phone and fax numbers and email address listed below:
GarrettCom, Inc.
47823 Westinghouse Dr.
Fremont, CA 94539-7437
Phone (510) 438-9071
Fax (510) 438-9072
email [email protected]
Federal Communications Commission
Radio Frequency Interference Statement
This equipment generates, uses and can radiate frequency energy and if not
installed and used properly, that is in strict accordance with the manufacturer's instructions,
may cause interference to radio communication. It has been tested and found to comply with
the limits for a Class A computing device in accordance with the specifications in Subpart J
of Part 15 of FCC rules, which are designed to provide reasonable protection against such
interference when operated in a commercial environment. Operation of this equipment in a
residential area is likely to cause interference, in which case the user at his own expense will
be required to take whatever measures may be required to correct the interference.
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Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Stackable Hubs
Installation and User Guide (07/06)
The Magnum Line
ETHERNET C ONNEC TIVITY PRODUC TS
"DESIG NED AND MANUFAC TURED IN THE USA"
OVERVIEW
GarrettCom, Inc.offers the premium-quality Magnum™ line of Ethernet LAN
connectivity products with industry-standard functionality and built-in fiber
configurability. Magnum products are designed for use in demanding Carrier Class,
Industrial Grade and OEM applications where reliability is a primary consideration.
4K-Series Switches, 100 & 10Mbps, copper ports with optional fiber
port, with auto-negotiating full switching performance
Quad-Series Fiber Switches, 100 & 10Mbps, fiber and copper ports,
mixed-speed and mixed-media types, full switching performance
“Outdoor” Ethernet Switch, for temperature uncontrolled locations
6 10/100 and 2 100Mb fiber ports, can be connected in strings
Mixed-Media Fiber Hub, 16-port Stackable, 10/100 auto-sensing
Dual Speed 8-port and 16-port Stackables, 10/100 auto-sensing
Stackable Hubs, SNMP Optional
10Mb series and 100Mb series, both w/ optional port modules
Personal Switches, 10/100Mb
8 port dual speed, Auto-negotiable with fiber option
Personal Hubs, 100Mb or 10/100Mb
8-port, with two switched ports (1 fiber built in)
Personal Hubs, 10Mb series
8-port + AUI, stackable to 5 high, + optional BNC of fiber port
8 or 9-port and 4 or 5-Port Personal Hubs, w/ man. up-link sw.
Media Converters, 10Mb and 100Mb series
All media combinations, incl. fiber ST, SC, mm., single mode
The “X-line” of configurable MiXed Media products:
Stackable Concentrators, SNMP optional, 13-Ports
Mini-Concentrators, 7 Ports, Repeaters, 2-Ports
Repeater Port Modules (RPMs), 6 types for Ethernet media
Bridge Port Modules (BPMs), 4 types, for segment isolation
Fan-Outs, 10Mb series
2, 4 and 8 Port Models
Transceivers, 10Mb and 100Mb series 10Mb Mini-Transceivers and
Coax Models, All Types -
July, 06
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE 1
1.0
2.0
SPECIFICATIONS................................................................................ 1
1.1 Technical Specifications ...................................................................... 1
1.2 Ordering Information........................................................................... 3
INTRODUCTION.................................................................................. 4
2.1 Inspecting the Package and Product..................................................... 4
2.2
Product Description - General.......................................................... 5
Magnum DS8016 Chassis........................................................ 6
10 / 100 Speed Auto-sensing ................................................... 7
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3: Magnum DS8016-E model, 100Mbps -only ................................. 8
2.2.4: DS8016-R “reverse” model, front LEDs and conn in rear............ 8
2.3 Stacking Magnum DS8016s................................................................. 9
2.4 Bridge Module between the 10Mb and 100Mb Domains.................. 10
2.5 Up-link, Port 1X for Cascading ........................................................ 10
2.6
Features and Benefits ........................................................................ 11
2.7 Applications ....................................................................................... 12
MAGNUM DS8016 INSTALLATION............................................... 15
3.1 Locating Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Hubs................................... 15
3.0
3.1.1
3.1.2
Table-Top or Shelf Mounting ................................................ 15
Rack-Mounting........................................................................ 16
3.2 Connecting Ethernet Media................................................................ 17
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.3
3.2.4
Connecting Twisted Pair ....................................................... 18
Attaching to the MII port in the rear ...................................... 18
100Mbps Cable Distances and PDV Calculations ................. 18
Connections to NICs which support Auto-Negotiation ......... 21
3.3 Powering the Magnum DS8016......................................................... 21
OPERATION........................................................................................ 22
4.1 Dual-Speed and Domain-Switched Functionality.............................. 22
4.0
5.0
4.2
4.3
Auto-negotiation and speed-sensing ............................................. 25
LED’s............................................................................................ 25
4.4 Up-link Port 1X................................................................................. 26
TROUBLESHOOTING....................................................................... 27
5.1 Before Calling for Assistance ............................................................ 27
5.2 When Calling for Assistance.............................................................. 28
5.3 Return Material Authorization (RMA) Procedure ............................. 28
5.4 Shipping and Packaging Information................................................. 29
APPENDIX A: WARRANTY INFORMATION......................................... 29
APPENDIX B : OPTIONAL 48V DC POWER SUPPLY, ADDENDUM.. 30
APPENDIX C: OPTIONAL 48V DS DC POWER, ADDENDUM............. 32
R07/06: Updated Rack-mounting and Appendix B & C with 24VDC and 125VDC Power
Supply Option as per UL instructions.
Rev C 04/01 : Change the company’s name to GarrettCom, Inc.(formerly it was Garrett
Communications). There are no changes made to the content material at this time.
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Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Stackable Hubs
Installation and User Guide (07/06)
Rev B 03/99 : Added Reverse model specifications and collision domain diameter, cable
distances and pdv calculations
Rev A 07/98 : This revision is the initial release of the DS8016 10/100 Dual Speed
Stackable Hubs user manual.
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Magnum DS8016 Dual-speed Stackable Hubs
Installation and User Guide (04/01)
1.0
1.1
SPECIFICATIONS
Technical Specifications
100 or 10 Mb/s per port, auto-sensing for speed. DS8016 hubs support
two traffic domains, one at 100Mb/s and one at 10Mb/s, have sixteen RJ-45
ports, and are stackable up to 3 units high operating as one repeater. In
addition , a Media Independent Interface (MII) port is provided per unit
(except on -R “reverse” models)
Performance
When a port is operating at 100Mb/s:
Data Rate: 100 Mb/s
PDV (Path Delay Value) : 80BT, exceeds Class II
When a port is operating at 10Mb/s: Data Rate = 10 Mb/s
Partitioning: Enforced after 63 consecutive collisions
Auto-reconnect: Occurs after one packet of error-free reception
Network Standards
100Mb: Ethernet IEEE 802.3u , 100BASE-TX
10Mb: Ethernet IEEE 802.3, 10BASE-T
Auto-sensing for speed: IEEE 802.3u
Packet-Processing Between Domains (internal 10/100 switch or bridge)
Filtering and Forwarding Rate from 100Mb ports: 148,800 pps max.
Filtering and Forwarding Rate from 10 Mb ports: 14,880 pps max.
Processing type : Store and Forward
Auto-learning : 8K address table, shared for both traffic domains
Packet buffers : 2MB,dynamically allocated & shared on both domains
Latency (not including packet time) : 100 to 10Mb : 5µs
10 to 100Mb : 5µs
CPU Type : State Machine
Maximum Ethernet Segment (or Domain) Lengths
10BASE-T (Unshielded twisted pair)- 100 m (328 ft)
100BASE-TX (CAT 5 UTP)
- 100 m (328 ft)
Operating Environment
Ambient Temperature:
Storage Temperature:
32ºF to 122ºF (0ºC to 50ºC)
-20ºC to 70ºC
Ambient Relative Humidity: 5% to 95% (non-condensing)
Power Supply (Internal
)
AC Power connector : IEC-type, male recessed, rear of chassis
Power Input Voltage : 90 to 260 VAC (auto ranging)
Power Input Frequency : 47-63 Hz
Power consumption:
25 watts typical, 40 watts max. P.S. rating
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Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Stackable Hubs
48VDC Power Supply (Optional
Installation and User Guide (07/06)
)
Power Input Voltage : 36 to 72 VDC (auto ranging)
Terminal Block in rear: “-, GND, +”
Power consumption:
25 watts typical, 40 watts max. P.S. rating
Network Cable Connectors - for the 16 RJ-45 shielded female ports per hub
100Mb: Category 5 UTP/STP
10Mb: Category 3, 4, 5 UTP (Note: speed-sensing does not sense cable type)
MII port: standard 40-pin female MII port connector in the rear (not on -R’s)
Stacking Cable - stacking may be up to three DS8016 hubs, or 48 RJ-45 ports. A
stacking cable with 25 pin DB-25 connectors, shielded, 9 inch (23 cm) long,
is included with each DS8016-A and -E Dual-Speed add-on unit. (No
stacking connectors are built into the DS8016-R “reverse” model).
Up-Link - Use first RJ-45 port, which has two connectors (only one can be used at
a time). Plug into # 1 for use as a regular user segment port, or into # 1X for
use as a cross-over (X position) up-link port for connection to a central hub or
another cascaded hub.
Packaging
Enclosure: High strength metal. Rack-mounting brackets included.
Suitable for wiring closet shelf, 19” rack or desktop mounting.
Dimensions: 1.75 in H x 17in. Wx9 in D ( 4.4cm x 43.2cm x 22.9cm)
Weight: 4.0 lb. ( 1.8 Kg)
Cooling method: Fan cooled, internal @ 9cfm
On-Off manual switch for AC or DC input power, located at power input
LED Indicators
PWR : Steady On when power applied
BR : Bridge Module Indicator, On when 10/100 bridge module is installed
(Model DS8016-B,R), Off when no bridge module is inside (-A and -E)
COL : Collision LEDs, one each for 100Mb and 10Mb speed domains
100/Auto: Speed LED, per port. Steady On when speed is 100Mbps , Off when
speed is 10Mb, flashing when auto-negotiating or not connected.
LK/RX : Activity LED per port. Steady On when twisted-pair link is
operational Activity, flashing when port is receiving data.
Agency Approvals
Safety :UL Listed (UL 1950), cUL, CE
Emissions: meets FCC Part 15, Class A
Warranty
Three years, return to factory
Made in USA
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Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Stackable Hubs
Installation and User Guide (07/06)
1.2
Ordering Information
Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Stackable Hubs
Magnum DS8016-A: Dual-Speed 10/100 Stackable Hub with sixteen RJ-45ports, each
auto-sensing for 100Mb or 10Mb operation. Stackable up to three units high,
with all ports in one stack operating as two separate traffic domains, one domain
at 100Mb/s and one domain at 10Mb/s. Includes stacking cable, internal auto-
ranging power-supply, cooling fan, and metal brackets for shelf or wall
mounting.
Magnum DS8016-B: Same as Magnum DS8016-A but includes an internal switch
module that bridges the two traffic domains, filtering and selectively forwarding
packets between the 100Mb and the 10Mb domains. Stacks up to two DS8016-
A units. One DS8016-B unit stack supports all ports at 100Mb or 10Mb
communicating with each other. The internal switch has 2Mb dynamic store-
and-forward packet buffers and 8K node addresses.
Magnum DS8016-E: Same as Magnum DS8016-A but all ports operate at 100Mbps
only(not dual speed-speed). Each port will auto-negotiate with an attached
10/100device for 100Mbps speed and half-duplex mode only. May be used in
DS8016 stacks, same as Model DS8016-A.
Magnum DS8016-R: Same as Magnum DS8016-B but with all ports on the rear side
and all of the LEDs are on front panel. No stacking. Normally used with 48V
DC dual source power supply, mounted in telco racks.
RMB-23W: Set of two mounting brackets that extend a standard 19” DS8016 hub
for mounting in a 23” -wide telco rack, 1U high.
GarrettCom, Inc. reserves the right to change specifications, performance
characteristics and/or model offerings without notice.
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Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Stackable Hubs
Installation and User Guide (07/06)
2.0
2.1
INTRODUCTION
Inspecting the Package and Product
Examine the shipping container for obvious damage prior to installing this product;
notify the carrier of any damage which you believe occurred during shipment or delivery.
Inspect the contents of this package for any signs of damage and ensure that the items listed
below are included.
This package should contain:
1
1
1
1
1
1
Magnum DS8016-series Dual-Speed Hub unit
AC Power Cord (U.S. and other 115 vac locations only)
Stacking Cable, Model DS8016-A and -E add-on (no bridge inside) units only
Set of metal “Ears” for optional rack mounting
Installation and User Guide
Product Registration Card
Remove the Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Hub from the shipping container. Be
sure to keep the shipping container should you need to ship the unit at a later date. To
validate the product warranty please complete and return the enclosed Product Registration
Card to GarrettCom, Inc. as soon as possible.
In the event there are items missing or damaged contact your supplier. If you need
to return the unit use the original shipping container. Refer to Chapter 5, Troubleshooting,
for specific return procedures.
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Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Stackable Hubs
Installation and User Guide (07/06)
2.2
Product Description - General
Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed hubs have sixteen RJ-45 ports, each 10/100Mb auto-
sensing *. Each port can independently identify (via IEEE 802.3u auto-sensing) and accept
either 100Mb or 10Mb Ethernet signals, adapting to match the best speed of the connected
device. There are two internal traffic domains in Magnum DS8016 hubs, one for the 100Mb
traffic and one for the 10Mb traffic. The 100Mb users share the 100Mb domain’s bandwidth
and the 10Mb users share the 10Mb domain’s bandwidth.
* Note: the “special 100Mb-only” model DS8016-E is not dual-speed. See Section 2.2.3 below.
Any DS8016 port can connect into either the 100 or the 10Mb traffic domain, and
can also change from one traffic domain to the other at any time without affecting the speed
of other ports. The automatic per-port speed-sensing is continuous (it takes place at LINK
enable, see section 4.2 for details), allowing the connected devices to change speed at any
time without impairing the operation of the other ports and connected devices.
DS8016A
100Mb Hub
10Mb Hub
Magnum DS8016 Stackable Hub1
X
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11
PWRBR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
PWR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
LK/RX
PORT2
12
13
14
15 16
PWR
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 12
COL 10
COL 100
100 1
GARRETT
UPLINK
9
1
0
11 12
Figure 2.2 a : Magnum DS8016s are functionally both a 10Mb and a 100Mb hub in one
As Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed units are stacked, the two shared traffic domains
automatically expand to support all of the ports in the stack. Any combination of 10Mb and
100Mb ports, up to the maximum of 48 ports (3 units) in one stack, can be in use at any time.
Some DS8016 models, the Magnum DS8016-B and DS8016-R, include an internal
bridge or switch module which interconnects the 10 Mb and the 100Mb traffic domains. This
enables all users on a DS8016-B or -R hub or a DS8016 stack, whether 100Mb or 10Mb, to
talk to each other. The internal switch of the DS8016’s filters and selectively forwards
packets between the 10Mb and the 100Mb domains, maintaining peak performance in each
domain unaffected by local traffic in the other domain. The internal bridge is self-learning,
with large address table capacity for up to 8K node addresses. As networked nodes are
added or removed or move from one speed domain to the other, the DS8016-B’s (or DS8016-
R’s) internal switch automatically keeps track.
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Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Stackable Hubs
Installation and User Guide (07/06)
Another DS8016 model, the DS8016-A, has no switch module inside, but is dual
speed and is normally used stacked with a DS8016-B for dual-speed port expansion.
DS8016-B
Bridge
DS8016-A
Magnum DS8016 StackabXle Hu1b
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11
PWRBR
12
13
14
15 16
LK/R
1
Magnum DS8016 StackabXle Hu1b
PORT2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 113
UPLIN
COL
COL
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11
100
PWRBR
12
3
1
LK/R
1
PORT2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1 13
COL
COL
100
UPLIN
Figure 2.2 b : The DS8016-B is a DS8016 with a bridge module built-in for 10 and
100Mb
Only one DS8016-B unit is needed to support a stack. Additional 16-port units of
the DS8016-A “add-on” and/or DS8016-E “100-only” hubs . . . units that do not have the
bridge module inside, and which cost less accordingly . . . can be added to the stack, up to the
3-unit stack maximum. In a stack, the DS8016-B unit (illustrated below as the bottom unit)
can be in any stack position.
Figure 2.2 c : Stack of DS8016’s, 2@ DS8016-A’s and 1 @ DS8016-B
DS8016-A units can also be used without a DS8016-B, whereupon they will
function as dual-speed stackable hubs. This could be desired if an external non-auto-sensing
switch (such as the Magnum 300ES Two-Port Switch) is available to interconnect the two
speed domains, or if only 100Mb devices are connected (use the DS8016-E for this? See
2.2.3 below) and the 10Mb domain is unused, or if dual-speed operation with two
unconnected and uncoordinated domains is needed for the application.
Each DS8016 has its own internal power supply, and is easily added to an existing 10 or
100Mb network. DS8016s are suitable for wiring closet shelf, table-top or 19” rack-
mounting. Optional brackets for 23” telco rack-mounting are available.
2.2.1
Magnum DS8016 Chassis
The Magnum DS8016 chassis houses one main PC board, a bridge module daughter- board
in the Model DS8016-B and DS8016-R, and an internal power supply unit. The front side of
the chassis has sixteen RJ-45 twisted-pair ports, one of which (Port #1X on the left-front) can
be used for cascading (UP-LINK).
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Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Stackable Hubs
Installation and User Guide (07/06)
LEDs to indicate operating status are on the front side. There are power (PWR)
and bridge-inside (BR) indicators for the unit. There are collision (COL) indicators for each
of the 10Mb and 100Mb domains,
for visual indication of the
Magnum DS8016 Stackable Hub
X
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12
13 14 15 16
PWR
BR
operating status of each domain.
LK/RX
PORT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
COL 10
COL 100
100
And there are link (LK/RX),
Partition and
Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Hub
100M/Auto indicators for each port. (See Section 1.1 “Specifications” for a technical
description of the LEDs). The unit has a cooling fan on the side which sends warm air out
away from the unit to the side. Stacking cables connect in the rear, except for the DS8016-R
model. (see Section 2.3 for stacking information).
The AC power cord connector, a universal recessed-male IEC type, is in the left
rear of the chassis. The internal AC power supply is auto-ranging for any AC power input of
115 - 230 vac, 50 - 60 Hz. (An internal DC power supply is optional, see Appendix A).
2.2.2
10 / 100 Speed Auto-sensing
All sixteen RJ-45 twisted pair ports support auto-sensing for speed, independent of
the other ports. Speed-sensing is performed by the DS8016’s electronics in accordance with
the standards of the IEEE 802.3u auto-negotiation standard. If the connected device or node
indicates that it is capable of 100Mb speed, then operation on that port will be at 100Mb/s. If
the connected device does not positively indicate that it is capable of 100Mb speed, then the
operation on that DS8016 port will be at 10Mbps. Of course, the hubs’ auto-negotiation
technique is only for 10 / 100 speed, and does not provide for any full-duplex operation.
When a port is connected and LINK is present, the speed on that port that has been
sensed by the DS8016 hub will be indicated by the ‘100M/Auto’ LED for that port. The
‘100’ LED is ON when 100Mb speed is sensed, and is OFF when 10Mb speed is in use.
When a port is not connected, the ‘100M/Auto’ LED corresponding to that port will be
blinking to indicate that it is trying to auto-negotiate. (See section 4.3 for operation of the
LED’s).
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Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Stackable Hubs
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2.2.3: Magnum DS8016-E model, 100Mbps -only
The Model DS8016-E is like the DS8016-A except that it’s speed is internally
fixed at 100Mbps on all ports. It is not dual-speed. It has no bridge inside. It is used for
100Mbps-only applications, and it can operate stand-alone or stacked with the other DS8016-
B and DS8016-A models.
Special orders of this model can be built with some ports fixed at 10Mb. If your
application requires a mix of fixed 100Mb and fixed 10 Mb ports, request a special quote.
2.2.4: Magnum DS8016-R “reverse” model, front LEDs and connections in
rear
(-) GND (+)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12
13 14 15 16
X
ON
OFF
UP LINK
48V DC
Front View
Rear View
Magnum DS8016 Stackable Hub
PWR
BR
LK/RX
PORT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
COL 10
COL 100
100
The Magnum DS8016-R is like the DS8016-B except that the front panel has
the LEDs, and all the connecting ports and power feeds are in the back. This is convenient
for rack-mounting where cabling is accessed from the rear of the rack while the operating
status LEDs are monitored from the front. Typically such arrangements are found in telco
rack installations.
The Magnum DS8016-R is dual-speed, and has a bridge module inside. The
bridge module interconnects 10 Mbps and 100Mbps domains, allowing all connected users
to talk to each other. The DS8016-R operates stand-alone, i.e., it is a non-stackable model.
In addition, the MII port in the rear of other DS8016 models is not present for the DS8016-R.
Normally the DS8016-R is quipped with an optional internal 48VDC power
supply (See Appendix A). There is an additional option of a dual-source 48V input (See
Appendix B).
The DC power feed options and the high quality and versatility make the
Magnum DS8016-R a good high-availability choice for telcos, ISPs, broadcast equipment,
medical, brokerage firm and financial facilities. In applications where downtime of the
operation is not acceptable, the DS8016-R provides a good Ethernet LAN solution.
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Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Stackable Hubs
Installation and User Guide (07/06)
2.3
Stacking Magnum DS8016s
Up to three Magnum DS8016s can be stacked to operate as one 10/100 dual-speed
repeater with up to 48 dual-speed ports. Normally, one Magnum DS8016-B hub per stack is
needed to provide a switched interconnection between the two separate 100Mb and 10Mb
traffic domains in the stack. Additional stacked units are normally Model DS8016-A or -E
“add-on” units, which cost less. The stacks can also include Magnum 8000X Fiber Hubs.
O
UT
IN
O
U
T
ON
OFF
IN
IN
O
U
T
ON
OFF
O
UT
FAN
EXHAUST
IN
U
T
O
ON
OFF
Figure 2.3 : Magnum DS8016’s stacked. Cables connect between “Out” and “In” Ports
The DS8016-B models with the bridge module inside look the same as the
DS8016-A or -E units (no bridge inside) from the outside. The “BR” LED on the front will
light up when power is applied to indicate that a DS8016 is a -B (bridge inside) model. (The
“BR” LED will be off if the unit is a Model DS8016-A or -E). The DS8016-B models
cannot be stacked together, as their internal bridges would not be able to function properly
when more than one is present. (Note that two DS8016-B units may be cascaded to operate
together, however). Use DS8016-B models non-stacked, or with only 1 Model DS8016-B in
a DS8016 stack. See Section 2.7, Example 3.
When stacking DS8016’s, please make sure to use only the shielded 9-inch long
stacking cable provided with each DS8016-A or -E unit. The cable length is designed to
provide proper operation of up to three DS8016 units in a stack, and longer cables or
unshielded cables are not permitted as they will not operate properly at 100Mb speeds.
When connecting DS8016s in a stack, use the stacking cable to connect the “Out”
stacking port from one DS8016 unit to the “In” stacking port of the other. Push in the cable
connectors until they seat in firmly. Also, leave space along the left-side (from the front)
area for the exhaust of the internal cooling fan in each DS8016 unit. SeeFig.2.3) above.
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2.4
Bridge Module between the 10Mb and 100Mb Domains
Bridge
Module
BUS 100
Figure 2.4 : Internal view of DS8016-B
with bridge module installed
10
Magnum DS8016-B’s and
DS8016-R’s contain a factory-installed bridge module to interconnect the two traffic domains,
filtering and selectively forwarding packets to allow only necessary packets to cross between
the domains. This enables all of the users and nodes connected into either domain, whether
100Mb or 10Mb, to talk to each other, and it keeps local traffic on one domain from consuming
any of the bandwidth of the other domain.
The bridge operates in the store-and-forward mode, which filters out bad packets and
maintains optimum performance in both domains. Packet forwarding delay is only 5µs (plus
packet time), much less than traditional store-and-forward bridge products, enabling the
DS8016s to maintain high network performance. The bridge has 8K node address capacity,
suitable for use in large networks. Addresses are self-learning so that filtering / forwarding of
10Mb and of 100Mb packets is maintained correctly even when users move their connection, or
change speed, or power down.
The DS8016-B’s and DS8016-R’s bridge module is implemented as a daughter board.
DS8016 units have an LED on the front labeled BR that will be ON when the module is
installed internally. Power up any DS8016 unit, and if the BR LED is ON, it is a Magnum
DS8016-B or DS8016-R unit.
NOTE : Only one Magnum DS8016-B (with a bridge module built-in) is
allowed per repeater stack. Thus, if the DS8016s in a stack have more than
one BR (bridge) LED ON, it is an illegal configuration.
2.5
Up-link, Port 1X for Cascading
The unit has an Up-link Port 1X, located on the left-front side of the hub. It enables
the first port’s RJ-45 cable to either connect to a user station ( port 1) or to be cascaded to
another hub (port 1X) with cross-over. (See Section 4.4 for more details about Up-link).
Like all DS8016 ports, Port # 1X is a dual-speed port which will sense the speed of the
connected device. Use port 1X on one DS8016 and port 1 (or any port) on the second, i.e.,
use only one crossover port for the cascaded hubs connection. When the Up-link port is used
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to cascade two DS8016 hubs or stacks together, the auto-sensing feature will cause the
connecting link to operate at 100Mb speed.
2.6
Features and Benefits
„
Supports 10 or 100Mb network connections on each of sixteen RJ-45 ports
Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed 10 / 100 hubs combine two logical hubs . . . one at
10Mb and one at 100Mb . . . in one physical box supporting two traffic domains. Each
port can operate at either 10 or 100Mb, independently of the other ports.
„
Auto-sensing for speed, 10 or 100Mb on each port
All ports support 10/100 auto-negotiation for speed, operating separately on each port.
Any mix of 10Mb and 100Mb users can be connected to the ports. Speed-sensing
occurs at LINK-enable independently on each port. Individual ports can change to
100Mb or 10Mb speed at any time (LINK off, then on again), adapting automatically
to any changes in the connected device’s speed. Speed-sensing complies with IEEE
802.3u, providing interoperability with other products.
„
An internal switch connects the 10 and 100Mb domains on Model DS8016-B
Model DS8016-BAND DS8016-R has an internal switch for filtering / forwarding
traffic between the 10 and 100Mb domains, allowing all connected devices to
communicate to each other. High performance switching provides full bandwidth in
each domain, unaffected by local traffic on the other domain. One DS8016-B per stack
supports switching for all ports.
„
„
Stackable for flexible expansion
Magnum DS8016s can be stacked up to three units high for 48 ports, each 10 / 100
dual speed. As additional units are added in a stack, 10 and 100Mb traffic domains are
expanded automatically to support the new ports at either 10 or 100Mb speed.
Installation is “Plug and Play”, Operation is Transparent to Software
The Magnum DS8016-B operates as a hardware switch, only forwarding those packets
from each domain that are needed on the other domain. Internal address tables are
self-learning, enabling users to change port connections or 10 / 100 domains without
affecting operations. The switch in the DS8016-B will not affect any standard
software applications or SNMP network management platforms.
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2.7
Applications
Example 1 : A Magnum DS8016-B serves a small office with mixed speed requirements.
Some users operate at 100Mb, and some users and utility devices (such as print servers) run
at 10Mb. All share the same hub, and talk to each other via the bridge module inside. Any
node can change speed at any time without affecting network operation or impacting other
users.
Magnum DS8016 Stackable Hub
BR
PW
R
X
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12
LK/R
POR
100
X
C
C
OL
OL
10
T
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
13
5 16
100
UPLINK
10
Router
100
100
10
100
100
100
Print Server
100
100
Server
100
100
100
100
100
100
Figure 2.7.1 : DS8016-B connects combinations of 10Mb and 100Mb network devices
Example 2 : Where there are existing 10Mb hubs and users, they can easily be cascaded
into any port of the DS8016-B. This allows simple plug-and-play addition of 100Mb ports to
an existing 10Mb network without having to change it. Nodes that are capable of 100Mb
speed can be moved to any DS8016 dual-speed port, and will automatically operate at the
higher speed. The dual-speed ports on the DS8016-B can be used for adding 100Mb users or
for accommodating existing high performance users. The 100Mb traffic does not use the
bandwidth of the 10Mb domain, so overall performance of the network is improved.
Figure 2.7.2 : DS8016-B adds a
new 100Mb domain to existing
Magnum DS8016 Stackable Hub
P
WR
BR
X
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12
LK/
ORT
100
R
X
CO
L
10
P
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
13
14
15 16
COL
100
UPLINK
10Mb network
10
Router
100
100
10
100
100
100
Print Server
100
Server
100
100
100
100
100
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12
G
100
10 Mb Hub
10
10
10
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Example 3 :
For additional expansion, DS8016s can be expanded by stacking DS8016-A “add-
on” units. The additional stacked ports are all auto-sensing dual-speed domain-switched, and
can be used at either 10Mb or 100Mb on a per-port basis.
The stacking cables connect the DS8016 units and carry the signals for both the
100Mb and the 10Mb domains. In a stack, all 10Mb ports are together in a 10Mb traffic
domain while all 100Mb ports are similarly together on a separate 100Mb traffic domain.
When one DS8016-B unit with a bridge inside is present in a stack, its bridge will support all
of the ports in the stack and enable network traffic to move between the two stacked
domains.
A Magnum DS8016 stack operates as one dual-speed repeater. A dual-speed
repeater is both a 10Mb hub and a 100Mb hub at the same time. This means that the 10Mb
traffic domain obeys all of the rules of 10Mb shared Ethernet networks (hop counts, cable
types, cable distances, etc.) and can be treated as one 10Mb repeater accordingly. Separately,
the 100Mb traffic domain obeys all of the rules of 100Mb Fast Ethernet shared networks (hop
counts, PDVs, cable types, cable distances, etc.) and can be treated as one 100Mb repeater.
Both traffic domains function within the same physical DS8016 hub or stack of hubs.
Magnum DS8016 Stackable Hub
X
1
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
3
4
4
4
5
5
5
6
6
6
7
7
7
8
8
8
9
9
9
10
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
15 16
15 16
15 16
P
W
R
B
R
L
P
K/RX
OR
100
A
A
B
C
C
OL
OL
1
0
T
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13
1
4
15 16
15 16
15 16
1
00
Figure 2.7.3 :
U
U
U
PL
I
I
I
NK
NK
NK
Magnum DS8016 Stackable Hub
X
P
W
R
B
R
L
P
K/RX
OR
100
C
C
OL
OL
1
0
T
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13
1
4
1
00
PL
Magnum DS8016 Stackable Hub
X
Stack of Magnum
P
W
R
B
R
X
L
P
K/RX
OR
100
T
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13
1
4
C
C
OL
OL
1
0
1
00
PL
U
PLI
N
K
DS8016’s operate
as one 10/100
dual-speed
10
Router
100
10
100
100
100
100
Print Server
100
Server
100
100
100
100
100
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
0
1
1
1
2
A
100
repeater
10 Mb Hub
10
10
10
10
When expanding
an Ethernet or Fast Ethernet installation, the Magnum DS8016 Hubs are ideally suited for
connecting servers and stations that have (or may have in the future) mixed speeds. Each
traffic domain or segment has its own local traffic with the Magnum DS8016-B performing
bridge-isolation of one domain from the other, filtering and selectively forwarding 10Mb and
100Mb packets between the two domains. This keeps the traffic between the domains to a
minimum and provides peak performance on both domains.
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Example 4:
A Magnum DS8016-R serves a good solution for the user, who expect a
high-availability, neat networking connection with clear visible display of LEDs port.
Specially a place where existing network is supporting10Mbps user and want to expand the
network with 100Mbps fast ethernet. Magnum DS8016-R equipped with bridge module
provide a very effective and reliable solution for these users.
Magnum DS8016 Stackable Hub
GND
+
PWR BR
LK/RX
PORT
100
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13 14 1
COL 10
COL 100
Server
Print Server
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12
100
10
100
100
100
100
100
10 Mb Hub
100
100
100
100
GA RRETT
10
10
100
10
10
Magnum DS8016-R connects 10Mbps and 100Mbps domain with front LEDs display
In a Telecommunication co. the user expects a very reliable and high availability system,
which provide them the ability to join their existing 10Mbps network with fast ethernet. The
Magnum DS8016-R based on Dual-Speed with bridging facility communicate smoothly
between 10Mbps and 100Mbps . The front panel LED display and rear port connection gives
an adding advantage to run the neat network setup and help the user to trace out the defective
port easily. Magnum DS8016-R has an another adding feature to run at Dual-source 48VDC,
that gives a high availability and secure network.
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3.0
Magnum DS8016 Installation
Before installing the equipment, it is necessary to take the
following precautions:
1.) If the equipment is mounted in an enclosed or multiple rack
assembly, the environmental temperature around the equipment must
be less than or equal to 500C.
2.) If the equipment is mounted in an enclosed or multiple rack
assembly, adequate air flow must be maintained for proper and safe
operation.
3.) If the equipment is mounted in an enclosed or multiple rack
system placement of the equipment must not overload or load
unevenly the rack system.
4.) If the equipment is mounted in an enclosed or multiple rack
assembly, verify the equipment’s power requirements to prevent
overloading of the building/s electrical circuits.
5.) If the equipment is mounted in an enclosed or multiple rack
assembly verify that the equipment has a reliable and uncompromised
earthing path.
6.) If the intra-building wiring (cabling) is involved with this
product(NEBS), then it is recommended to have shielded cable and
the shield is grounded at both ends.
7.) This equipment is for installation only in a Restricted Access
Location (dedicated equipment room service closet and the like) in
accordance with the National Electrical code.
Installation: This chapter provides instructions for installing the Magnum DS8016 hubs.
3.1
Locating Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Hubs
The location of a Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Hub is dependent on the physical
layout of the network. Typically the hub is placed where combinations of 10Mb and 100Mb
network devices need to be connected to communicate with each other. The 19” rack width
size of the unit allows it to be conveniently placed in a wiring closet, an office or a lab area,
and it can also be either shelf- or rack-mounted. (See instructions in 3.1.2 below). Rack-
mounting brackets are included with each unit.
Locate an AC receptacle that is within six feet (2 meters) of the intended Magnum
DS8016 site. The rugged metal case of the Magnum DS8016 will normally protect it from
accidental damage in a lab or workplace setting. Maintain an open view of the front to
visually monitor the status LEDs. Keep an open area around the unit so that cooling can
occur from the small fan on the left side while the unit is in operation.
3.1.1
Table-Top or Shelf Mounting
The Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Hub can be easily mounted on a table-top or
any suitable horizontal surface, and has four rubber feet to provide stability without
scratching finished surfaces.
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3.1.2
Rack-Mounting
Installation of a Magnum DS8016 Stackable Hub in a 19” rack is a simple
procedure. The units are 1U (1.75”) high, including the rubber feet underneath. When
properly installed, the front-mounted LED status indicators should be in plain view and easy
to read. Rack-mount installation requires special rack-mounted brackets and screws (included
with each DS8016). The brackets
attach to the front sides of the
hub, which is then fastened into a
Magnum DS8000 Stackable Hub
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
P
W
R
B
R
L
K
/R
RT
00
X
standard 19”rack.
CO
CO
L
L
10
10
P
O
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
0
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
4
15
1
6
0
1
G
AR
R
ET
T
UPLINK
Figure 3.1.2: Magnum
DS8016 with Rack-Mount
Brackets attached.
The 23” brackets and ETSI brackets are also available (optional) for Rack-mounting of
Magnum 8000 units. The 23” brackets are more popular in the Telco industry where they are
a standard for Central Office Rack-mounting purposes. The 23” brackets are mainly used for
larger equipment
assemblies in rack
mounting frames, and are
Magnum 3000
Stackable Hub
GARRETT
frequently accessed in
operation from both sides.
Magnum 3000
Stackable Hub
The ETSI
GARRETT
(European Telephone
Standard) brackets are
Magnum 3000
Stackable Hub
GARRETT
similar to the 19”
brackets but use metric
dimensions.
Magnum 3000
Stackable Hub
GARRETT
The optional
23” brackets and the
ETSI brackets come as a
pair in a package along
with the necessary screws
for attaching the brackets
to the sides of the
Magnum Hub unit.
Fig 3.1 Multiple Magnum 8000 units rack-mounted in a 23” Rack-mount frame
The following instructions need to be follow up before installations-
A) Elevated Operating Ambient - If installed in a closed or multi-unit rack assembly,
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the operating ambient temperature of the rack environment may be greater than
room ambient. Therefore, consideration should be given to installing the equipment
in an environment compatible with the maximum ambient temperature (Tma)
specified by the manufacturer.
B) Reduced Air Flow - Installation of the equipment in a rack should be such that
the amount of air flow required for safe operation of the equipment is not
compromised.
C) Mechanical Loading - Mounting of the equipment in the rack should be such
that a hazardous condition is not achieved due to uneven mechanical loading.
D) Circuit Overloading - Consideration should be given to the connection of the
equipment to the supply circuit and the effect that overloading of the circuits might
have on overcurrent protection and supply wiring. Appropriate consideration of
equipment nameplate ratings should be used when addressing this concern.
E) Reliable Earthing - Reliable earthing of rack-mounted equipment should be
maintained. Particular attention should be given to supply connections other than
direct connections to the branch circuit (e.g. use of power strips)."
3.2
Connecting Ethernet Media
The Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Stackable Hubs can be connected to the
following two media types: 100BASE-TX and 10BASE-T. CAT 5 cables should be used
when making 100BASE-TX connections. When the ports are used as 10BASE-T ports, CAT
3 may be used. In either case, the maximum distance for unshielded twisted pair cabling is
100 meters (328 ft).
Media
IEEE Standard
10BASE-T
Connector
RJ-45
Twisted Pair (CAT 3, 4, 5)
Twisted Pair (CAT 5)
100BASE-TX
RJ-45
NOTE : It is recommended that high quality CAT. 5 cables (which work for both 10Mb
and 100Mb) be used whenever possible in order to provide flexibility in a mixed-
speed network, since dual-speed ports are auto-sensing for either 10 and 100Mb/s.
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3.2.1
Connecting Twisted Pair (RJ-45, CAT 3 or CAT 5, Unshielded or
Shielded)
The following procedure describes how to connect a 10BASE-T or 100BASE-TX
twisted pair segment to the RJ-45 port. The procedure is the same for both unshielded and
shielded twisted pair cables.
1. Using standard twisted pair media, insert either end of the cable with an RJ-45 plug
into the RJ-45 connector of the port. Note that, even though the connector is shielded,
either unshielded or shielded cables and wiring may be used.
2. Connect the other end of the cable to the corresponding device
3. Use the LINK LED to ensure proper connectivity by noting that the LED will be
illuminated when the unit is powered and proper connection is established
4. For Port #1, if the LINK LED is not illuminated, change to port 1X. If this does not
help, ensure that the cable is connected properly and that the device on the other end
is powered and is not defective.
3.2.2
Attaching to the MII port in the rear
MII Transceivers may be attached here. Since there are no industry standards for these,
interoperability of user-selected MII transceivers that may be attached to a DS8016’s MII
port cannot be assured. Use of the MII port is not normally recommended accordingly.
3.2.3
100Mbps Collision Domain Diameter, Cable Distances and PDV
Calculations
The 100Mbps Collision Domain Diameter is the length of the longest path
between any two devices in a single collision domain. A collision domain is defined as a
cluster of network devices which are connected by means of a repeater or repeaters such that
no bridging devices are present between any two devices in the cluster. In order to install an
IEEE 802.3u compliant Fast Ethernet network, the collision domain . . regardless of the
actual network topology . . must be less than 512 BT (Bit Times). Bit Times are related to
media type as shown in Table 3.2.3a.
Table 3.2.3a: Worst case round-trip delay for Fast Ethernet media*
Media Type
Round-trip delay in
Bit Time per Meter (BT/m)
Fiber Optic
1.000
1.112
1.112
1.140
Shielded TP cable
Category 5 Cable
Category 3, 4 Cable
*Worst case delays taken from IEEE Std 802.3u-1995, actual delays may be less for a particular cable.
Contact your cable supplier for exact cable specifications.
Each Fast Ethernet device component also has an associated BT delay which
depends on the physical signaling system employed. Table 3.2.3b shows each Fast Ethernet
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device component and the associated BT delay. A “DTE” is an end node, such as a user
station. Note that there is only one DTE pair associated with any device-to-device path.
Table 3.2.3b: Worst case round-trip delay for Fast Ethernet device components*
Component
Round-trip delay in Bit Times (BT)
2 TX DTEs
2 FX DTEs
100
100
1 FX and 1 TX DTE
100
1 T4 and 1 TX or FX DTE
Class I Repeater
127
140
Class II Repeater with any
combination of TX and FX ports
92 **
**Note, the delay is only 80 Bit Times for
the DS8016, front-port-to-front-port.
*Worst case delays taken from IEEE Std 802.3u -1995.
To determine whether a prospective network topology adheres to the collision
domain diameter specification, the following formula should be applied to the worst case
path through the network. The worst case path is the path between the two Fast Ethernet
devices (DTEs) which have the longest round-trip time.
PDV = (sum of cabling delays) + (sum of repeater delays) +
(DTE pair delay) + (safety margin)
PDV is the Path Delay Value of the worst case path. For the network to adhere to
IEEE standard, this value must be less than 512 BT. The safety margin is specified in BT
and may be a value between 0 and 5. This margin can be used to accommodate unexpected
delays such as extra long patch cable. A safety margin of about 2 to 4 BT is recommended.
A typical example of a PDV calculation is shown below, and is illustrated in Figure
3.2.3a. Here, an integrator wishes to cascade the 100Mbps collision domains of two
Magnum DS8016 Hubs (each having a PDV of 80 BT) for use with standard 100m Category
5 user cable segments (i.e. from computer to hub) and needs to know how long the inter-
repeater Category 5 cable segment, used to cascade the hubs, can be. The variable “X”
represents the unknown maximum cascade cable delay.
PDV = X + ((111 + 111) + (80 + 80) + (100) + 2 ) BT < 512 BT
512 > (X + 486) BT
X
< (512 - 486 ) BT, X < 28 BT
Twisted Pair cable length, TL < (28 BT) / (1.112 m/BT)
TL
< 25 meters
⇒
25 m maximum total length for Category 5 inter-repeater segment,
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Cat. 5 cable for
cascading
where 111 is the BT delay for
100m of Category 5 cable (1.112
BT/m* 100m), 80 is the BT delay
Bl ac
k
Box Rackmount Dual Spee
d
Hub
X
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
1
5
1
6
P
W
R
B
R
LK/RX
PORT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13 14 15 1
C
C
Blac Box Rackmount Dual Speed Hub
k
X
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
1
5
1
6
P
W
R
B
R
LK/RX
POR
T
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 1 13 14 15 6
C
C
for each Magnum DS8016 , 100 is
the BT delay for the TX DTE pair,
and a safety margin of 2 was used.
100 m Cat. 5 cables
to user devices
100 m Cat. 5 cables
to user devices
Figu
re 3.2.3a: Two cascaded Magnum DS8016 hubs
The resulting value tells us that a Category 5 cable with a length of up to 25 meters
may be used to cascade the Magnum DS8016 s. Note that this inter-repeater cable length
may be increased by shortening the lengths of the 100m hub-to-user cable segments.
It is also possible to cascade a group of up to nine Magnum DS8016 s (serving up
to 56 users with full-length 100m cables to each) by using short inter-repeater cable
segments. The following is an example of how to calculate the maximum allowable cascade
cable segment length. An illustration of this example is shown in Figure 3.2.3b, where the
hub-to-user cable lengths are up to 75 meters for Cat 5 twisted pair. The variable “X”, the
maximum hub-to-hub cable delay, is calculated as follows:
PDV = X + ((100) + (80 + 80 + 80 )+ (83 + 83) + 2 ) BT < 512 BT
512 > (X + 508) BT,
X
< 4 BT
Twisted pair user cable length, TL < (4 BT) / (1.112 m/BT)
TL < 3.6 meters for two hub-to-hub cascading cables
⇒
2
meters (6 ft.) length max. for each of the cascade segments,
In the above example, 75 is the BT delay for 70m of Category 5 cable (1.112 BT/m), 80 is
the bit time delay for each Magnum DS8016 front-to-front ports, 100 is the BT delay for the
TX DTE pair in the user stations, and 2 BT is the safety margin applied.
Cat. 5 cable for
cascading
Figure 3.2.3b: Multiple
Black
B
ox Rackmoun Dual Speed Hub
t
X
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
1
1
2
13
14
1
5
1
6
P
W
R
B
R
LK/R
X
PORT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
4 15 1
C
C
cascaded Magnum
DS8016 hubs
Black Box Rackmount Dual Speed Hub
X
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
0
1
1
1
2
13
14
1
5
1
6
LK/RX
POR
T
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9
1 2 4 15 1
C
C
Note that the
cascading of multiple
100 m Cat. 5 cables
to user devices
100 m Cat. 5 cables
to user devices
Magnum DS8016 hubs is a
capability beyond what
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industry standards normally permit, and is different from what competitive 100Mbps Class II
hub products normally allow. This additional cascading level and cable length is due to the
relatively shorter bit time (80 BT actually measured, for front-port-to-port) delay of the
Magnum DS8016 vs. the industry standard delay of 92 BT for Class II repeaters. The
installation flexibility and network growth potential is accordingly better with Magnum
DS8016 s than with hubs that merely meet the standard.
Table 3.2.3c shows maximum cable lengths for common network configurations
using industry standard repeater PDV numbers. Calculations such as above should be
performed using measured PDV data supplied by the equipment manufacturer in important
installations.
Table 3.2.3c: Maximum segment lengths for common network configurations
Number Repeater
of Hubs Hop Count
Max. User
Segment Repeater (Cascade)
Max. Inter-
Notes
Lengths (m)
100.0
Length (m)
n.a.
1
2
2
1
2
2
3
All ports TX
100.0
92.0
60.0
5.0
20.0
1.0
All ports TX
All ports TX
All ports TX
3+
Instructions for connecting the Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Hubs to the various
Fast Ethernet media are given in the following sections.
3.2.4
Connections to NICs which support Auto-Negotiation
The Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Hub will function properly with NICs (Network
Interface Cards) which support Auto-Negotiation. The Magnum DS8016 will establish link
with any NIC which can send and receive the Fast Link Pulse (FLP) coding for the
100BASE-TX signaling system. When connecting a NIC to the DS8016, it may be
necessary to reload the NIC drivers on the user device if the NIC has been communicating
with a protocol other than 100BASE-TX (such as 10BASE-T). When 100Mb operation is
agreed and in use, the 100Mb LINK/ACT LED is illuminated, steady ON if no traffic or
blinking when there is traffic.
3.3
Powering the Magnum DS8016
Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Hubs incorporate an internal universal power supply,
and have a recessed male IEC connector for the AC power cord in the rear. A six-foot 115
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VAC 60Hz power cord is supplied with each unit shipped within the United States and
Canada.
Each Magnum DS8016’s auto-ranging power supply supports installation
environments where the AC voltage is from 90 to 260 volts with an input frequency between
47 and 63 Hz, and consumes a maximum of 27 watts. In order to power the unit up or down,
simply change the setting of the rear-mounted manual “On–Off” switch when there is
incoming power.
4.0
OPERATION
This chapter describes the function and operation of the Magnum DS8016 hubs.
4.1
Dual-Speed and Domain-Switched Functionality
The Magnum DS8016-A handles the two different traffic domains separately
(unless it is stacked with a DS8016-B), and the DS8016-E has only the 100Mb domain.
Alternatively, the domain-switched DS8016-B provides switched (bridged) connectivity
between the Ethernet (10Mb/s) and Fast Ethernet (100Mb/s) domains. It joins the two
network domains for unified operation, and filters/ forwards packets in both directions to
maximize bandwidth utilization and performance. Magnum DS8016s are hardware plug-and-
play devices. There is no software set-up to be done at installation or for maintenance. The
functions of the DS8016s are described in this manual.
Each time a packet is received on one domain of the bridge module, the decision is
taken to either to filter or forward the packet. Errored packets are always filtered. For good
packets, the filter and forward decisions are made based on the destination address contained
in each packet. If the destination address is on the same domain from which the packet
originated, then it is filtered and not forwarded to the other domain. If the destination address
is not found to be a match in the address table for the originating domain, then it is forwarded
to the other domain. If it is a new node address coming in which the switch did not
previously know about, it “learns” the new address and puts it in the correct port address
table. See “Address Learning” for more details.
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10Mb Domain :
10Mbps packets are
forwarded when the destination addresse is
NOT in the 10Mb domain address table.
100Mbps Domain1:00Mbps packets are
forwarded when the destination address is
NOT in the 100Mb domain address table.
10Mbps Domain :10Mbps packets are
filtered when the destination address is
in the 10Mbps domain address table.
100 Mbps Domain
Bridge
Module
10 Mbps Domain
10 Mbps Traffic
100 Mbps Traffic
BUS 100
10
100Mbps Domain :100Mbps packets are
filtered when the destination address is
in the 100Mbps domain address table.
Fig 4.1 Filtering vs Forwarding in Domain Switched Hubs with an internal
Bridge or Switch
1.
Filter / Forward logic for both 10Mb and 100Mb domains
Packet
Source
10 Mb
10 Mb
10 Mb
10 Mb
100 Mb
100 Mb
100 Mb
100 Mb
Source
Destination
Address
Not in table
In table
Not in table
In table
Not in table
In table
Address Table
Maintenance
Add source to table
Add source to table
None
Filter/Forward
Action
Forward
Filter
Forward
Filter
Forward
Filter
Address
Not in table
Not in table
In table
In table
None
Not in table
Not in table
In table
Add source to table
Add source to table
None
Not in table
In table
Forward
Filter
In table
None
Table 4.1: DS8016-B Domain-Switched Hub Functionality
2.
Address Learning (Address Table Maintenance)
The Magnum DS8016-B bridge module is a state machine design which has a
total address table capacity of 8K addresses. With a large address table, a Magnum DS8016
can serve the needs of a medium-sized to large network. Table 4.1 shows what filter /
forward action the Magnum DS8016-B will take in each packet-processing situation, and
when a new node address will be added to the internal Address Table. When a new node-
address packet comes into a port for the first time, then the new source address is “learned”
at the same time that the packet is forwarded. After learning, subsequent packets from the
same node address are routinely processed. The address tables are flushed periodically to
update the network status and to purge any inactive stations from the tables of both domains.
3.
Throughput Increase
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By selectively forwarding packets from each domain to the other domain based
on its switching (bridging) logic, the domain-switched Magnum DS8016-B increases the
available bandwidth for the users on both sides of the network. As shown in Figure 4.1, it
keeps the local traffic on each side contained, preventing unnecessary packets and bad
packets from traveling to the other domain and using up bandwidth needlessly there. This
results in more available network bandwidth on both sides and a throughput increase on for
all users on both domains.
4.
Software Transparency
The Magnum DS8016-A Dual-Speed Hubs, the DS8016-E 100Mb-only Hubs and
the DS8016-B Dual-Speed Domain-Switched Hubs need no software set-up and are
transparent to system and application software, including network management software.
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4.2
Auto-negotiation and speed-sensing
All sixteen RJ-45 ports independently support auto-negotiation for shared
10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX modes. When the ‘100’ LED is flashing, it means that the
corresponding port is sending out auto-negotiation pulses on that port. When a LINK
connection is made, the other device should respond and both sides should agree to the speed
being signaled. The device connected, depending on what it is, will either signal that it is
capable of 10Mb or 100Mb speeds. Silence means the port defaults to 10Mb.
When the ‘100’ LED is steady ON, the port has auto-negotiated for 100Mb
operation and is processing packets at 100Mb/s, When it is OFF, it is at 10Mb/s. If a
DS8016 port is connected to a non-negotiating device, it will default to 10Mb speed. Since
Magnum DS8016s are hubs, they always operate in the shared or half-duplex mode on all
ports.
General information -
Auto-negotiation per-port for dual-speed hubs occurs when:
the devices at both ends of the cable are capable of operation at either 10Mb or
100Mb speed, and can send/receive auto-negotiation pulses, and . . .
-- when the second of the two connected devices is powered up*, i.e., when
LINK is established for a port, or
-- when LINK is re-established on a port after being lost temporarily.
•
NOTE – some NIC cards only auto-negotiate when the computer system that they are
in is powered up. These are exceptions to the “negotiate at LINK – enabled” rule
above, but may be occasionally encountered.
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4.3
LED’s
PWR
: Illuminates GREEN to indicate AC power is applied to the unit.
: Red LED Blinks intermittently when a collision occurs.
COL
BR
: Bridge Module Indicator, On when 10/100 bridge module is
installed (Model DS8016-B), Off when no bridge module is inside
(DS8016A)
100/Auto : Speed LED per port. Steady On when speed is 100Mbps , Off when
speed is 10Mb, flashing when auto-negotiating or when not
connected (no LINK)
LK/RX
: Activity LED per port. Steady On when twisted-pair link is
operational. Activity, flashing when port is receiving data.
4.4
Up-link Port 1X
Magnum DS8016s each have one Up-link port, port # 1X, which can be used
when port #1 is not connected. The Up-link port allows repeater-to-repeater connections
without a special cross-over cable. It works the same for 10Mb or 100Mb connections.
Use port “1” (or ports 2 thru 16) for straight-through twisted pair cabling from
the DS8016 port to a user device, or the “1X” port for cross-over or up-link segment
connections from the first DS8016 port to a repeater or hub or switch. Verify proper port
connection by noting the port’s LINK/RX status, which is illuminated when a proper link
is made and blinking when there is activity.
Note: Port # 1 and Port # 1X, provided for RJ45 connections, are logically one port.
Only one of these ports, either # 1 or # 1X may be used at one time simultaneously.
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5.0
TROUBLESHOOTING
All Magnum Ethernet products are designed to provide reliability and consistently
high performance in all network environments. The installation of Magnum DS8016 10/100
Dual Speed Stackable Hubs is a straightforward procedure (see INSTALLATION, Section
2.6); the operation is also straightforward and is discussed in Section 4.
Should problems develop during installation or operation, this section is intended
to help locate, identify and correct these types of problems. Please follow the suggestions
listed below prior to contacting your supplier. However, if you are unsure of the procedures
described in this section or if the Magnum DS8016 10/100 Dual Speed Stackable Hub is not
performing as expected, do not attempt to repair the unit; instead contact your supplier for
assistance or contact GarrettCom Customer Support.
5.1
Before Calling for Assistance
1.
If difficulty is encountered when installing or operating the unit, refer back to the
installation Section of the applicable chapter of this manual. Also check to make
sure that the various components of the network are interoperable.
2.
3.
4.
Check the cables and connectors to ensure that they have been properly
connected and the cables/wires have not been crimped or in some way
impaired during installation. (About 90% of network downtime can be
attributed to wiring and connector problems.)
Make sure that an AC power cord is properly attached to each Magnum DS8016
10/100 Dual Speed Stackable Hubs unit. Be certain that each AC power cord is
plugged into a functioning electrical outlet. Use the PWR LEDs to verify each unit
is receiving power.
If the problem is isolated to a network device other than the Magnum DS8016
10/100 Dual Speed Stackable Hub product, it is recommended that the problem
device is replaced with a known good device. Verify whether or not the problem is
corrected. If not, go to Step 5 below. If the problem is corrected, the Magnum
DS8016 10/100 Dual Speed Stackable Hubs and its associated cables are
functioning properly.
5.
If the problem continues after completing Step 4 above, contact your supplier of
the Magnum DS8016 10/100 Dual Speed Stackable Hubs unit or if unknown,
assistance.
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5.2
When Calling for Assistance
Please be prepared to provide the following information.
A complete description of the problem, including the following points:
a. The nature and duration of the problem;
1.
b. Situations when the problem occurs;
c. The components involved in the problem;
d. Any particular application that, when used, appears to create the problem;
2.
3.
An accurate list of GarrettCom product model(s)involved, with serial number(s).
Include the date(s) that you purchased the products from your supplier.
It is useful to include other network equipment models and related hardware,
including personal computers, workstations, terminals and printers; plus, the
various network media types being used.
4.
A record of changes that have been made to your network configuration prior
to the occurrence of the problem. Any changes to system administration
procedures should all be noted in this record.
5.3
Return Material Authorization (RMA) Procedure
All returns for repair must be accompanied by a Return Material Authorization
(RMA) number. To obtain an RMA number, please use this URL -
https://rma.garrettcom.com/rma/rma_request_noaccount.php to fill out the form. Please
have the following information readily available:
Name and phone number of your contact person.
Name of your company / institution
Your shipping address
Product name
Serial Number (or Invoice Number)
Packing List Number (or Sales Order Number)
Date of installation
Failure symptoms, including a full description of the problem.
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GarrettCom will carefully test and evaluate all returned products, will repair
products that are under warranty at no charge, and will return the warranty-repaired units
to the sender with shipping charges prepaid (see Warranty Information, Appendix A, for
complete details). However, if the problem or condition causing the return cannot be
duplicated by GarrettCom, the unit will be returned as:
No Problem Found.
GarrettCom reserves the right to charge for the testing of non-defective units
under warranty. Testing and repair of product that is not under warranty will result in a
customer (user) charge.
5.4
Shipping and Packaging Information
Should you need to ship the unit back to GarrettCom, please follow these instructions:
1. Package the unit carefully. It is recommended that you use the original container
if available. Units should be wrapped in a "bubble-wrap" plastic sheet or bag for
shipping protection. ( You may retain all connectors and this Installation Guide.)
CAUTION Do not pack the unit in Styrofoam "popcorn" type packing
:
material. This material may cause electro-static shock damage to the unit.
2. Clearly mark the Return Material Authorization (RMA) number on the
outside of the shipping container.
3. GarrettCom is not responsible for your return shipping charges.
4. Ship the package to:
GarrettCom, Inc.
47823 Westinghouse Dr.
Fremont, CA 94539-7437
Attn.: Customer Service
APPENDIX A: WARRANTY INFORMATION
GarrettCom, Inc. warrants its products to be free from defects in materials and
workmanship for a period of three (3) years from the date of shipment by
GarrettCom.
During this warranty period, GarrettCom will repair or, at its option, replace
components in the products that prove to be defective at no charge other than
shipping and handling, provided that the product is returned pre-paid to GarrettCom.
This warranty will not be effective if, in the opinion of GarrettCom, the
product has been damaged by misuse, misapplication, or as a result of service or
modification other than by GarrettCom.
GarrettCom reserves the right to make a charge for handling and inspecting
any product returned for warranty repair which turns out not to be faulty.
Please complete the warranty card as this acts as a product registration, and
mail it to GarrettCom within two weeks of your purchase.
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APPENDIX B : Optional 48V DC Power Supply, Addendum
B1.0
SPECIFICATIONS - FOR DUAL-SPEED DS8016 HUBS
Power Supply (Internal 48 VDC Option)
DC Power Connector: 3 terminals: “-“, “GND”, “+”
Input Voltage: 36 - 70 VDC (auto-ranging)
Power Consumption: Model DS8016: 25 watt typical, 40 watts max.
With the exception of the power supply, all specifications and functions of
Magnum DS80016-48VDC models are identical to those listed in Section 1.
B2.0
48V DC SOURCE OPTION, THEORY OF OPERATION
The 48VDC power option is designed using diodes inside on each DC power input
line behind the two external power connection terminals, so that the power from an external
POWER SWITCH
source can only flow into the hub. This
HUB
SUPPLY
allows the hub to operate only whenever
+
-
A+
A-
FUSE
DC power is correctly applied to the two
inputs. It protects the hub from incorrect
DC input connections. An incorrect
CHASSIS
GND
GND
polarity connection, for example, will neither effect the hub, nor its power supply internally,
nor will it blow the fuse in the internal power supply.
The power switch (included on premium-priced NEBS-certified units only) is used
for powering the hub on and off when it is placed into or taken out of service.
B3.0
APPLICATIONS
Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Hubs are easily installed in a variety of applications
where 48 VDC power is used as the primary power source. The 48VDC power configuration
provides an Ethernet networking solution utilizing a special power supply in hubs with a
proven track record.
The solution is particularly useful in the telecommunication industry, where it is
common for facilities to operate on 48VDC power. Such companies include regular and
wireless telephone service providers, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and other
communication companies. In addition, many high availability equipment services, such as
broadcasters, publishers, newspaper operations, brokerage firms and other facilities often use
a battery backup system to maintain operations in the event of a power failure. It is also
frequently used for computer system backup, management and operations monitoring
equipment.
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B4.0
INSTALLATION
This section describes the installation of the 48 VDC power source leads to the 48
VDC power terminal block on the Magnum DS8016s. (see figure below).
_
Figure A4.1: 48 VDC Terminal
GND
+
ON
Block on Magnum DS8016-48VDC
OFF
The 48 VDC terminal block
on the Magnum DS8016s is located
on the rear of the unit and is equipped
with three (3) screw-down lead posts.
36-70VDC
The leads are identified as negative (-), positive (+), and chassis ground (GND). The actual
connection procedure is very straightforward. Simply connect the leads to the Magnum unit,
beginning with ground. Ensure that each lead is securely tightened.
On the premium-priced NEBS-compliant Magnum DS8016-48V models, an ON-
OFF switch is included, located in the rear at the power input. This can be used in
conjunction with power connections, and as a RESET for the hub’s electronics.
B4.1
UL Requirements
1. Minimum 14 AWG cable for connection to a Centralized DC power source.
2. Fastening torque of the lugs on the terminal block: 9 inch pound max.
3. Centralized DC Power Source cable securement, use at least four cable ties to
secure the cable to the rack at least 4 inches apart with the first one located within
6 inches of the terminal block.
B5.0
OPERATION
Operation of the Magnum DS8016s with the optional 48VDC power supply is
identical to that of the standard AC-powered models.
B6.0
TROUBLESHOOTING
Please refer to Section 5.0 for troubleshooting
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APPENDIX C: Optional 48V Dual-Source DC Power, Addendum
C1.0
SPECIFICATIONS - FOR MAGNUM DS8016 DUAL-SPEED HUBS
Power Supply (Internal, 48VDC Dual-Source model)
DC Power Connector: First Source: “A+”, “A-“, 2nd Source “B-“, “B+”
GND: Terminal for “earth” or ground wire connection to the hub chassis
Input:
Two separate sources, each at 36 - 70 VDC (auto-ranging)
Power Consumption: Model DS8016: 25 watt typical, 40 watts max.
With the exception of the dual DC input power connections and the power supply, all
specifications and configuration options for the Magnum DS8016-48VDC with this Dual-
Source option are identical to those listed in the Magnum DS8016 Dual-Speed Hubs
Installation and User Guide, including Appendix A “Optional 48VDC Power”
C2.0
MAGNUM DS8016 (48VDC DUAL-SOURCE POWER OPTION)
The hub models with the internal 48VDC Dual-Source power supply are designed
for installations where a battery plant is the power source, and where two separate power
sources are utilized in order to increase operational uptime and to simplify maintenance.
The functionality of the Magnum DS8016-48VDC Dual-Source Option hubs are
identical to the standard AC-powered models. All Port Module, SNMP and stacking options
are available for configuration with Dual-Source Option units. Refer to the main sections of
this Installation and User Guide for a detailed description of the Magnum DS8016 Hubs.
C3.0
DUAL-SOURCE OPTION, THEORY OF OPERATION
The Dual-Source DC power option is designed using diodes inside of the hub on
each DC power input line. A diode is placed
in each of the four input lines (behind the
four external power connection terminals) so
that power from an external source can only
flow into the hub. This allows the hub to
operate whenever DC power is correctly
applied to either or both of the two inputs.
A+
A-
HUB
SUPPLY
+
FUSE
-
B-
B+
CHASSIS
GND
GND
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C4.0
FEATURES AND BENEFITS OF THE DUAL-SOURCE DESIGN
a) The hub can receive power from either input, “A” or “B”. The hub will normally draw
its power from the DC source with the highest voltage (in the 36-70V range) at a given
time.
b) The hub will not allow power to flow from a higher voltage input to a lower voltage
input, i.e. the two DC power sources are not mixed together by the hub.
c) When one correct DC input is present, the hub will receive power if the other DC input
is absent, or even if it is connected with reverse polarity or shorted or grounded.
d) Reverse polarity connections, if they should accidentally occur on either input, will not
damage the hub or power supply internally (nor will it blow the fuse in the internal
power supply) because of the blocking action of the diodes. This is true even if one input
connection is reversed while the hub is operating from the other source.
e) The hub will not receive power (and will not work) when both inputs are simultaneously
absent or are both incorrectly connected.
f) This product shall be provided with a Listed fuse or circuit breaker, rated 5 A, in the
supply circuit when connected to a 48 V centralized dc source.
C5.0
INSTALLATION
This section describes the proper connection of the 48VDC dual source leads to the
48VDC power terminal block on the Magnum DS8016 hub (shown in Figure C4.0).
The 48VDC terminal block on the Magnum DS8016 is located on the right rear of
the unit and is equipped with five (5) screw-down lead posts. The primary terminals are
identified as positive (A+), negative (A-), and the secondary power terminals as negative (B-
), positive(B+), and the chassis “earth” or ground (GND).
Figure B5.0: 48V DC Dual-
A+ A- B- B+
Source, wiring connections to the External
Terminal Block on a Magnum DS8016
48VDC with Dual-Source option
The connection procedure is straightforward.
36-70VDC
36-70VDC
GND
Simply connect the DC leads to the Magnum
hub power terminals, positive (+) and negative (-) screws. The use of Ground (GND) is
optional, as this terminal connects to the hub chassis. Ensure that each lead is securely
tightened.
C5.1UL Requirements
The following must be adhered to in order to conform to UL requirements:
1. Minimum 14 AWG cable for connection to a Centralized DC power source.
2. Fastening torque of the lugs on the terminal block: 9 inch pound max.
3. Centralized DC Power Source cable securement, use at least four cable ties to
secure the cable to the rack at least 4 inches apart with the first one located within
6 inches of the terminal block.
C6.0
OPERATION
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Operation of the Dual-Source Magnum DS8016-48VDC hub models is
identical to that of the standard models. Please refer to the applicable sections of
the “Installation and User Guide” for more information on the basic hubs.
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|