MANUAL
STORAGE GATEWAY
NETWORK HARD DRIVE / 3.5" / STORAGE SERVER
BACKUP SERVER / EMAIL SERVER / ROUTER / AND MORE
STORAGE GATEWAYWLAN
NETWORK HARD DRIVE / 3.5" / STORAGE SERVER
BACKUP SERVER / EMAIL SERVER / ROUTER / AND MORE
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Rev. 618
Table of Contents
User manual
GB
General Information .............................................................................................................................. page
Safety precautions .................................................................................................................................. page
4
7
Chapter 1:
Connecting / Installing FSG ................................................................................................................ page 13
Chapter 2:
Get to Know Your FSG .......................................................................................................................... page 15
Chapter 3:
FSG Functions ........................................................................................................................................... page 33
Chapter 4:
The Freecom Storage Gateway Wizard .......................................................................................... page 75
Chapter 5:
FSG in everyday use ............................................................................................................................... page 81
Apendix:
Appendix A ................................................................................................................................................ page 112
Appendix B ................................................................................................................................................ page 113
Appendix C ................................................................................................................................................ page 121
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
General Information
GB
Package contents
Please check the contents of the box to ensure it includes following items:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Freecom FSG drive
Power pack
Network cable (UTP)
Base
Wall mounting
CD-ROM with instruction manual and application software
Quick installation guide
Safety guide
Technical Support
For any technical questions, please visit our web site at www.freecom.com or at the site
created specifically of this product, www.openfsg.com. These websites offer a range of
information, answers to frequently asked questions, firmware and product guides
(available for download). You can also use our forum to exchange experience with other
users or discuss any problems or difficulties you may be having. Or else contact Freecom
Support for more in-depth assistance.
Freecom on the net
The FSG and other Freecom products including documentation, drivers, and other
information can be found on a World Wide Web home page that you can access at the
universal resource locator (URL) http://www.freecom.com. A connection to the Internet
and a Web browser such as Internet Explorer or Firefox are required.
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General Information
Related Publications
GB
There is a lot of information available on the internet that can help you achieve what you
want. In this document, you may be directed to various RFC documents for further
information. AnRFCisaRequestForComment(RFC)publishedbytheInternetEngineer-
ing Task Force (IETF), an open organization that defines the architecture and operation
of the Internet. The RFC documents outline and define the standard protocols and
procedures for the Internet. The documents are listed on the World Wide Web at
www.ietf.org and are mirrored and indexed at many other sites worldwide.
For more information about address assignment, refer to the IETF documents RFC 1597,
Address Allocation for Private Internets, and RFC 1466, Guidelines for Management of IP
Address Space.
For more information about IP address translation, refer to RFC 1631, The IP Network
Address Translator (NAT).
Statement of Conditions
In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability,
Freecom reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document
without notice. Freecom does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or
application of the product(s) or circuit layout(s) described herein.
Trademarks
Freecom is a trademark of Freecom Technologies.
Microsoft, Windows, andWindowsNTareregisteredtrademarksofMicrosoftCorporation.
Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their
respective holders.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
System Requirements
GB
The following hardware and software requirements must be fulfilled to ensure trouble-
free operation.
Hardware Requirements
In order to use the Freecom FSG, following components are needed:
•
•
•
•
•
Intel Pentium II 233MHz or higher
64MB RAM or higher
CD-ROM drive for installing drivers and/or software
LAN
Internet connection for online warranty registration and driver/software updates
and downloads
Software Requirements
•
•
•
•
•
Windows 98 SE
Windows Me
Windows 2000
Windows XP
Windows NT
•
•
MacOS 8.6 or 9.x
MacOS X
•
Linux Kernel 2.2 or higher
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Safety precautions
Precautionary measures
GB
To ensure that your Freecom FSG functions properly, please take note of the following
precautions. If these are not followed, you may void your warranty and damage the FSG.
•
Do not drop the Freecom FSG or expose it to other kinds of sudden mechanical
shocks as this may result in data loss and damage to the hard drive.
•
•
DonotusetheFreecomFSGwhentheambienttemperatureisbelow10°Corabove45°C.
If the Freecom FSG is moved from a cool environment to a warmer environment,
please allow the drive to acclimatize to the ambient temperature before operating
the device. Failing to do so may lead to condensation within the drive enclosure,
which in turn may cause the drive to malfunction.
•
•
Do not place liquids or drinks on the FSG. When liquids are spilled and get in contact
with the electronics within the drive enclosure, it will damage the drive and will
cause the drive to malfunction.
Do not use the FSG in a dusty environment. Dust inside the enclosure may damage
the internal electronics and result in drive malfunction.
•
•
Only use the power adapter that was supplied with the FSG.
Opening the FSG will void the warranty.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
Advantages of the Freecom Storage Gateway FSG
GB
The Freecom Storage Gateway is the perfect solution for home and small business use.
Thanks to its fast and easy installation, you are up and running the FSG in no time at all.
With its integrated router function, secure Internet access is child's play. Simply plug in
a DSL modem on the FSG's WAN port and every computer in the network has access to
the Internet immediately. Plus its integrated firewall protects every PC against hackers.
FSG is a combination hard drive, server (3 x LAN, 1 x WLAN) and USB server (4 x USB 2.0
High Speed). This reduces the number of devices you need. Most of the FSG functions
can be used with little previous knowledge.
File server
Save your data centrally on FSG and make it accessible to all PCs in the network.
Web server
Save your websites on the FSG and put them directly online.
FTP server
The built-in FTP server allows you to access data from any PC over the Internet.
LAN router
Network several PCs over the three available LAN ports and access the Internet from any
computer.
USB server
Increase your storage space by attaching additional devices (e.g., external hard-drives)
and let other network devices use this disk space.
USB printer server
Connect a USB printer and use it as your network printer.
Media server
Play multimedia files (films, music, images) on any attached client (for example, the
network media player).
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Advantages of the Freecom Storage Gateway FSG
Firewall
GB
The integrated firewall protects your data from hackers.
eSATA interface
Connect an external SATA drive such as a hard drive and increase your storage capacity
in the process.
Mail server
Use the mail server to set up an individual e-mail account for each user. Users can get
their e-mails from an e-mail client through the FSG.
PHP & MySQL
Create forums, guestbooks et al. with PHP and MySQL, and add them to your homepage.
Open Source Firmware
You are familiar with Linux and want to add more features to your FSG? No problem.
Firmware is available free of charge and open to modification (The user assumes all risks
relating to any modification he/she may perform.).
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
GB
10
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Software features
Software features
GB
Network transport protocols
TCP/IP
Network file protocols
Microsoft Network CIFS
Client support
Microsoft Windows 98/Me/NT 4.0/2000/XP/2003 Server
Apple Macintosh OS 8.x/9.x/10.x
Network settings
DHCP
Manual configuration
System management
Web-based configuration
Configuration wizard
Internet services
HTTP (with PHP)
FTP
SQL
SSH
Mail
UpnP
Dynamic DNS
NTP
Security
Supports user, group and file shares
System configuration
Number of users: unlimited
Number of groups: unlimited
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
Router
GB
PPPoE
DHCP client
Fixed IP
Firewall
Port forwarding
Hardware features
Processor
Intel XScale IXP422
64 MB RAM
4 MB Flash
Network connection
3x LAN, 1x WAN RJ-45 100 Mbps
USB
4x USB 2.0 480 Mbps for up to four printers or four mass storage devices
S-ATA
1 x eSATA HDD interface
Fan
Temperature-controlled fan
HDD
80/160/250/400/500 GB (depended on model)
HDD sleep mode for lower power consumption and reduced noise
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Connecting / Installing FSG
Electrical requirements
GB
1
Voltage: 100 - 240 V DC
Frequency: 50 - 60 Hz, single-phase
Environmental requirements
Operating temperature: 10 - 45° C (50 - 122° F)
Storage temperature: -10 - 70° C (-40 - 185° F)
Humidity: 20 - 80 % relative humidity, no condensation
Maximum operating altitude (above sea level): 3000 m (9900 ft)
Dimensions and weight
Dimensions: L x W x H: 17.5 x 14 x 4.4 cm / 6.9 x 5.5 x 1.7 inch
Weight: 950 g
Chapter 1: Connecting / Installing FSG
1.1 Hardware Installation
Setup of the FSG is performed using the following steps:
1. Plug the FSG's power cord into a power outlet.
2. Switch on DHCP on the PC, a DHCP server is automatically on on the FSG
3. Connect the included Ethernet Cable into the Ethernet port on the rear of FSG into
one of the LAN ports (1,2 or 3). Connect the other end of the cable directly to the PC.
4. Check the LINK/ACT light on the UTP port you have connected on the FSG-3. If it is
lit, then your FSG is connected properly.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
1.2 Software
GB
1
The Freecom Storage Gateway wizard quickly detects and performs the basic set-up of
your FSG. When you start it, it displays all FSGs available in your network and helps you
configure the FSG as a printer server or create network folders.
1. Install the Freecom Storage Gateway Wizard (FSGW) from the enclosed Manual &
Application CD.
2. Start the Freecom Storage Gateway Wizard.
3. Check the FSGW whether your FSG was detected. This may take some time. If your
FSG is not immediately detected, click "Search again for available Freecom Storage
Gateway devices" to repeat the search.
4. For a detailed functional description on the Freecom Storage Gateway Wizard,
please refer to chapter 11.
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Get to Know Your FSG
Chapter 2: Get to Know Your FSG
GB
2
This chapter describes the lights and mechanical layout of the FSG.
2.1 FSG connectors, LEDs and buttons
The FSG Front panel
The front panel consists of:
1. Power on
2. Power on LED
3. LED ring
4. USB host port type A (front 1)
5. USB LED
6. USB host port type A (front 2)
7. USB unplug button
8. SATA LED
9. WAN LED
10. WLAN LED
1./2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
The FSG Back panel
GB
2
The back panel consists of:
1. WLAN antenna connector
2. Fan inlet
3. 12 V DC power jack
4. eSATA connector
5. Hardware reset button
6. WAN port
7. LAN ports 1, 2 and 3
8. USB host port type A (back 1)
9. USB host port type A (back 2)
10. Kensington lock
4.
11.
8.
9.
1.
2.
3. 5.
6.
7.
10.
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Get to Know Your FSG
Front
GB
2
Display
POWER (LED
SYNC Button)
LED ring
S-ATA LED
WAN LED
WAN LED
USB LED
Solid blue
System boots
OK
Normal mode
HDD activity
S-ATA device
connected
WAN
connected
WLAN is
enabled
WLAN is
enabled
Flash regularly
System boots
-
-
-
-
or intermittently
OFF
System ready
or in Standby
mode
No power
supply
No device
connected / Error connection /
Error
No
WLAN is
disabled
WLAN is
disabled
Back
Display
LAN LED
WAN LED
Green
Yellow
Green
Yellow
Solid blue
Connection is active High-speed Ethernet
(100 Mbit/s)
Connection is active
High-speed Ethernet
(100 Mbit/s)
Flashes
intermittently
Possible network
collisions
Sending or receiving
data
Possible network
collisions
Sending or receiving
data
OFF
No connection / Error
10 Mbit/s Ethernet
No connection / Error
10 Mbit/s Ethernet
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
Quick Setup
GB
2
2.2 FSG configuration wizard
The configuration wizard is integrated into the web interface and helps you to configure
the basic settings on your FSG. This in turn ensures you can work with the FSG in the
shortest time possible.
2.2.1 Starting the FSG configuration
To use the wizard, please go to the configuration page of your FSG by starting any web
browser (Internet Explorer, Opera, Firefox etc.) and entering the hostname 'FSG' * or the
IP address '192.168.1.1'* in the address bar. Click 'Enter Configuration' and log on under
the username 'admin' and the password 'admin'*.
*
These are the factory defaults. If you have already changed these settings, enter the new
username and password.
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Quick Set-up
2.2.2 Starting the wizard
GB
2
Click 'Wizard' in the top menu bar.
2.2.3 Changing the administrator password
Start the wizard and then click 'Next'. You now have the option of changing the
administrator password.
First enter the old password (factory default setting: 'admin') and then type in the new
password twice. Now click 'Next'.
Note: We recommend changing the password because every FSG comes
with the administrator password 'admin', in other words any person who
knows your IP address could potentially access your FSG.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
2.2.4 Changing date and time
GB
2
You can change the date and time on the FSG in this window by simply entering the new
values and clicking 'Next'.
2.2.5 WAN settings
If you are planning to connect the FSG to a router, hit 'Yes' and then 'Next'. If not, press
'No' and then 'Next'.
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Quick Set-up
GB
2
Do you want your FSG to have a fixed IP address (WAN port)? If yes, select 'Yes' and press
'Next'. If this is not the case, press 'No' and then 'Next'.
Fixed IP address
You can enter the IP address, subnet mask, Gateway and (multiple) DNS servers to be
used by the FSG WAN port in this form.
IP address:
Enter an IP address that falls within your router's address
range.
This IP address provide you with access to the FSG from
within your local network.
Subnet mask:
Enter the subnet mask of your router (example:
255.255.255.0).
Standard Gateway:
DNS servers:
IP address of your router, e.g., 192.168.2.1.
Enter the IP address of your router here.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
Without router (when selecting 'No')
GB
2
If you intend to use your FSG as a router and to access the Internet, click 'Yes' and then
'Next'. If not, press 'No' then 'next'.
DSL
You can enter the DSL login data from your provider here and enable 'Dial on demand'
if you are using a DSL package with restricted minutes. In this case, the Internet
connection is only established when a query is sent to the Internet.
Services
FSG has several useful services which you can configure in the coming sections.
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Quick Set-up
2.2.6 Services
GB
2
FSG has several useful services which you can configure in the coming sections.
Windows File Sharing (SMB)
SMB is used by Windows to transfer files and for printing services.
It allows you to enable Windows File Sharing service for the WAN port (for example, to
access this via a router).
HTTP server
An HTTP server is a server service that provides information in accordance with the HTTP
protocol. The data is accessed using HTTP URLs.
You are given the option here of specifying whether or not the HTTP server can be
accessed from outside the network (Internet).
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
FTP server
GB
2
You can enable the FTP server and specify whether it can be accessed only internally
(within your network) or also from the outside.
SSH server
On this screen you can enable the SSH server and specify whether it can be accessed only
internally (within your network) or also from outside the network.
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Quick Set-up
2.2.7 Users
GB
2
You can enter several users with or without a password in this screen. The added users
are able to access the FSG via SMB, HTTP or FTP if these services are enabled. If you plan
on leaving this area blank, skip to 9.1.9.
2.2.8 Folders
This screen allows you to create a folder on the FSG. All users added previously have
access to this folder.
By creating this folder, you only have to copy files that you want to make available to all
users one time to this location. You would otherwise be required to copy these files and
paste them in each of individual user folders.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
2.2.9 Finish
GB
2
Click 'Finish' to save your settings.
2.3 Internet access
If you have not already set up your Internet connection in the FSG configuration described
above, you may do so at any other time in the future. This is done by clicking 'Connections"
– 'WAN' in the FSG menu. Enable 'Run DSL Client' and then enter the login data.
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Accessing data via SMB
2.4 Accessing data via SMB
GB
2
Windows
Open Windows Explorer and enter either
\\fsg* or
\\192.168.1.1 in the address bar.
If you have changed the host name or the IP address, please use the new settings.
Enter your username and password for accessing the FSG. If you are logging on as the
administrator, you will have access to all folders on the FSG.
Linux
Open the file browser (Konqueror, for instance) and enter
smb://fsg* or
smb://192.168.1.1*
Enter your username and password for accessing the FSG. If you are logging on as the
administrator, you will have access to all folders on the FSG.
Mac OS
Mac OS X Vers.10.3 and higher
Select 'Go To' -> 'Connect with Server...'from the menu bar. The FSG address is:
smb://192.168.1.1* or else
smb://FSG_NAME (factory default is smb://FSG).
*
Factory defaults. If you have changed the host name or the IP address, please use the new
settings.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
2.5 Accessing data via SMB
GB
2
Windows
Open Windows Explorer and enter either
\\fsg* or
\\192.168.1.1
in the address bar.
If you have changed the host name or the IP address, please use the new settings.
Enter your username and password for accessing the FSG. If you are logging on as the
administrator, you will have access to all folders on the FSG.
Linux
Open the file browser (Konqueror, for instance) and enter
smb://fsg* or
smb://192.168.1.1*
Enter your username and password for accessing the FSG. If you are logging on as the
administrator, you will have access to all folders on the FSG.
Mac OS
Mac OS X Vers.10.3 and higher
Select 'Go To' -> 'Connect with Server...' from the menu bar. The FSG address is:
smb://192.168.1.1* or else
smb://FSG_NAME (factory default: smb://FSG).
*
Factory defaults. If you have changed the host name or the IP address, please use the new
settings.
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Accessing data via SMB
GB
2
Click 'Connect'. You now need to select a shared folder on the next screen. Press OK to
continue.
Enter the workgroup, your username and password for accessing the FSG. If you are
logging on as the administrator, you will have access to all folders on the FSG.
Note: You set the workgroup name of the FSG under 'Connection'-& 'LAN'
in FSG Configuration menu.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
GB
2
After pressing OK, the FSG is configured and an icon appears on your computer desktop.
To access all the FSG folders that your username has been assigned user privileges,
simply double-click this icon.
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Accessing data via HTTP
2.6 Accessing data via HTTP
GB
2
Note: You have read but not write access with HTTP.
Local access
Open your browser and enter either "http://fsg"* or "http://192.168.1.1"* in the address
bar. Click 'Enter as User' and log on as Admin or as a user. You may now view or download
any file in your folder (as a user) or anywhere on the FSG (as the administrator).
Accessing over the Internet
To do so, you need to enable the option 'Open HTTP server to the outside' under
'Services' -> 'HTTP Server' in the FSG configuration menu.
Then open your browser and enter your Internet IP address in the address bar. This can
be found in the FSG's configuration menu under 'Information' -> 'Network'-> 'WAN Port'
- 'IP Address' if you have connected your FSG directly to a DSL modem. If your FSG is
connected to a router, please check in your router's configuration menu.
You may likewise use your DynDNS address (for more information, refer to chapter
10.5.2.
Click 'Enter as User' and log on as Admin or as a user. You may now view and download
any file in your folder (as user) or anywhere on the FSG (as administrator).
*
If you have changed the hostname or the IP address of the FSG, please use the new settings here.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
2.7 Accessing data via FTP
GB
2
Note: Not all browsers can upload data via FTP. Those that can include
Internet Explorer and Konqueror. We recommend using FTP client soft-
ware such as WS_FTP, SmartFTP or CuteFTP.
Local access
Enable the FTP Server option (Service -> FTP Server - Run FTP server). Use any FTP client
software or open your browser and enter
ftp://USERNAME:[email protected]
or
ftp://USERNAME:USERPASSWORD@fsg.
Accessing via the Internet
Enable FTP for the Internet (Service -> FTP Server -> Open FTP server for the outside). Use
any FTP client software or open your browser and enter
ftp://USERNAME:USERPASSWORD@YOUR_INTERNET_IP
or
ftp://USERNAME:USERPASSWORD@YOUR_DYNDNS_HOST.
USERNAME = your username
USERPASSWORD = your user password
YOUR_INTERNET_IP = your WAN IP address
YOUR_DYNDNS_HOST = your Dynamic DNS address
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FSG Functions
Chapter 3: FSG Functions
GB
3
3.1 Overview
Administration
Users
Edit user settings
Edit group settings
Groups
Change administrator password
Create folders on the FSG-3
Configure your LAN connection
Administrator
Folders
Connections
LAN
Setup your connection to the internet or
to a different network
WAN
Advanced WAN options (expert options)
WAN Options
Setup and edit VPN connections
VPN
Switch WLAN on and off, select
encryption technique
Wireless
Define WLAN filter rules.
Wireless ACL
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
Services
Setup DHCP server to automatically
configure clients
DHCP Server
GB
3
Configure the DynDNS options of the
FSG-3
Dynamic DNS
Configure the web server settings
HTTP Server
Configure Windows File Sharing through
the WAN port
File Server (CIFS)
Configure the FTP server settings to
upload and download files
FTP Server
Configure the SSH server (secure
terminal server)
SSH Server
Configure ports to be forwarded to
certain PCs in the LAN
Port Forwarding
Configuration
Save the current configuration on your
computer.
Save configuration
Restore a configuration from a
Restore configuration
previously saved configuration file.
Restore a configuration from a
Reset configuration
previously saved configuration file.
Hardware
Set date & time manually or from a time
server.
Date & Time
Update firmware here
Update Firmware
Configure hard disk settings
Harddrive
Configure fan settings
Fan Control
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FSG Functions
Shows copyright information
Information
Copyright
GB
3
Shows system information
System
Firmware and operating system version
information
Version
Shows status of attached USB and
eSATA devices.
Devices
Display connection setting for WAN and
LAN connection.
Network
Wireless Network
Logs
Get information about the WLAN Port
and the connected stations.
View log files for several FSG functions.
Shutdown
Reboot the FSG
Reboot
Shutdown the FSG.
Shut Down
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
3.2 Administration
3.2.1 Users
GB
3
Go to Administration -> Users.
You can manage access privileges to the FSG by creating new users.
•
Whenyouclick'New',adialogboxappearsonthescreenwhereyoucanaddnewusers.
- Enter a username and password.
- Confirm the password.
- In the 'User disk quota' field, you can limit the storage space for each user. For
instance, enter '50' (50 GB) or 50m (50 MB) as the limit. If you enter '0', the user is
given unlimited space on the FSG.
Note: The allocated space only includes files personally added by the user
and not those entered by others. If, for instance, the administrator writes
data to the user's folder, this does not count towards the user's total
allotment.
- To grant the user read-only access, click 'User has read-only access onto the FTP
server'. If this field is not enabled, the user has read and write access.
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Administration
•
•
To edit the user settings at a later time, click the user followed by the 'Properties'
button.
GB
3
To remove this user, click this entry followed by the 'Delete' button.
Please confirm that you really want to perform this operation by pressing
'Yes, I want to delete the user and all its data'.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
3.2.2 Groups
GB
3
Go to Administration -> Groups.
Access control for all file access systems (FTP, HTTP and SMB) is structured around either
group or user access rights (privileges). You can add or remove access rights in this
window. If a group is assigned privileges or has them revoked, these are assigned /
revoked for all users in this group.
•
•
•
When you click 'New', a dialog box appears on the screen where you can add new
groups.
You can add new users or edit the group settings by selecting a group and clicking
the 'Properties' button.
If you select a group and hit the 'Delete' button, the group, but not the users in the
group, is deleted.
3.2.3 Administrator
Go to Administration -> Administrator.
Here you can alter the administrator password. Please enter the old password, the new
password and a retype of the new password.
If you have completely lost your administrator password, please do a reset to default
values as described in Reset.
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Administration
3.3 Folders
GB
3
Go to 'Folders'.
The access control for all file retrieval systems (FTP, HTTP and SMB) is based on either
group or user access rights. Access permissions can be set or removed using these
menus. Folder permissions can be given either to a group or a user or both.
•
•
•
Pressing the Add button gives you a dialog to add new folders. These folders will be
created.
Selecting a folder and pressing the properties button will allow you to edit the folder
settings and add groups or users.
Selecting a folder and pressing the delete button will delete the folder.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
3.4 Connections
3.4.1 LAN
GB
3
Go to Connections –> LAN.
Here you can set up your connection to the local area network (LAN).
Options
Description
IP address
This is the IP address your FSG uses in your LAN
This is your subnet mask
IP subnet mask
Workgroup
Router name
This is the name of the workgroup where your FSG is located.
Name of the FSG in the LAN. This name can be used to access
the web configuration (e.g. http://FSG) instead of using the IP
address. This makes it easier for the user to access the web
interface.
3.4.2 WAN
Go to Connections –> WAN.
You can configure your connection to the Internet or any other network on this screen.
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Administration
Options
Description
GB
3
Run DHCP Client
Enables the DHCP Client option. If the WAN port is con-
nected to a DHCP server (e.g., another router), you will
need to set up the WAN connection using this option.
Run DSL Client
If the WAN port is connected directly to a DSL or cable
modem, you will need to enter information provided by
your provider in several fields. This option allows you to
set up PPPoE or other types of DSL or cable connections.
Login
Username that you received from your ISP.
Password that you received from your ISP.
Password
Retype Password
Dial on Demand
Re-enter your password that you received from your ISP.
A DSL connection is established only when a PC in the
network requests one.
Idle time (in seconds)
Use this option if you are only given a limited contingent
of online hours each month. The DSL connection is dis-
connected if the user does not send or receive data within
a set period of time (in seconds).
Use fixed IP
This allows you to manually enter the IP address for
thenetwork connection. This is your fixed IP address;
please ask your ISP or network manager for this informa-
tion.
Subnet mask
Subnet mask; please ask your ISP or network manager for
this information.
Default gateway
Your ISP's gateway address; please ask your ISP or net-
work manager for this information. If your FSG is con-
nected to a router, please enter the router's IP address in
this field.
DNS servers
Your ISP's DNS server address; please ask your ISP or
network manager for this information. If your FSG is con-
nected behind a router, please enter the router's IP ad-
dress in this field.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
GB
3
3.4.3 WAN options
Go to Connections –> WAN Options.
ATTENTION:Theseoptionsareintendedforexpertusersonly.Onlychange
these settings if you know what you are doing!
Options
Description
MTU (for DSL only)
(In Bytes)
MTU settings (MTU
=
Maximum Transfer Unit)
Answer ICMP packets
(ping etc)
This will allow others to ping the host. It is good for
debugging but it can be asecurity hazard!
Enable exposed host
Enabling this will allow one PC on the LAN to act as if it
bypasses the firewall completely and has a direct connection
to the internet (Attention: An exposed host is computer that
virtually has a direct connection to the internet. This is a big
security risk, not only to this computer but to the whole LAN!).
IP address
Exposed host IP address.
Enable hardware
address cloning
This will enable you to set the MAC address of the WAN
connection so it matches the address your ISP authenti-
cates by.
MAC address
This is the MAC address your WAN port will be cloned to.
Open SBM/CIFS on
WAN port
This will open SMB/CIFS for the WAN port. Only needs to
be enabled when the FSG is used behind a router.
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Administration
GB
3
3.4.4 VPN
Go to Connections –> VPN.
The VPN connections listed here are shown with name, status, operation, Remote Host
and Remote Net.
•
•
If you are adding a new dedicated connection, click 'Add connection'.
To view and edit the properties of the existing connection, select the connection and
click 'Properties'.
•
•
To remove a connection, click 'Delete connection'.
To view the status of your connections, click 'Show status'.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
Adding a new connection
GB
3
To add a new VPN connection, click the 'Add connection' button.
Options
Status
Description
You can choose to enable or disable the connection.
Name*
This is the name which will refer to the VPN connection. It is
used for internal use only.
Remote Host IP*
Remote Network*
This is the IP address of the remote host you wish to reach. If
you which to allow any IP (Road Warrior) type enter: 0.0.0.0.
This is the remote network you wish to reach. Example:
192.168.20.0/24
ESP encryption
IKE encryption
Pre-Shared Key
ESP encryption options
IKE encryption options
Fill in your pre-shared key here. Please ask your network
administrator for more info
Action
You can specify if you want a listening only connection or a
full connection.
Alive ping IP
Here you can enter an IP address where a ping is sent every 15
minutes. This maintains a connection whenever the server
times out due to lack of activity on the other side.
Additional subnet
If you want to route another subnet via the VPN tunnel, enter
its IP address here (e.g., 192.168.50.0/24).
*
Fields with an asterisk (*) need to be filled out. All the rest is for experts and can be left as is.
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44
Administration
3.4.5 WLAN
GB
3
Wireless LAN (WLAN) is a network structure that does not utilize any cables. WLAN allows
you to connect your FSG to other WLAN-capable mobile devices.
enable WLAN
Enable and disable WLAN.
Network Name (ESSID)
The name of the network identified by the FSG (any name
can be entered here).
IP address
Shows the LAN IP of your FSG.
without encryption
Sets the FSG connection type to no encryption. Using this
type of connection may present a serious security risk
because all WLAN-capable devices in your network are
abletoaccessyourshareddirectories, files,andInternet
connection! Only use this connection type for test pur-
poses and do not use it under any circumstances if your
FSG contains confidential information.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
enable WEP encryption
TheWiredEquivalentPrivacy, orWEPencryptionforshort,
GB
3
enables you to protect your FSG connection against
unintended access. The WEP key has to be either 10 or 26
characters in length and use the hexadecimal format.
Characters permitted: 0123456789ABCDEF. Please write
down the code you have entered. This needs to be en-
tered on all of the devices that access your FSG. An exam-
ple of a 10-character code: FF37AC99B1
Do not use the code provided above.
You should only use WEP if your terminal device does not
support WPA encryption as the WEP standard is out-of-
date and not secure.
enable WPA encryption
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is an encrypted connection
type that protects your network against unintended ac-
cess. If you intend to use WAP, you will need to create an
authorization key used by the devices to log on to your
FSG. Please make a note of the key.
We highly recommend using WAP encryption.
WPA-PSK key
You need to enter an authorization key in this window if
the 'WAP encryption' option is enabled. This is used by the
devices to log on to your FSG via WLAN. PSF, short for
PreSharedKey,isaWEPprotocolextension.Thekeyshould
contain no less than 8 and no more than 63 characters.
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Administration
encryption
You can choose the type of encryption for the selected
key type from this drop down menu.
GB
3
The following options are available:
WPA (TKIP)
TKIP is the most basic method of encryption in WPA. All
devices that support WPA can use this method.
WPA2 CCMP
WPA2 is an upgraded version of WPA. The method of
encryption is an enhanced version of WPA. WPA2 is how-
ever not supported by all devices.
WPA and WPA2
When this option is selected, your FSG determines which
method to use to connect a device to your FSG.
3.4.6 Wireless ACL
Wireless ALC enables you to filter devices attempting to access your WLANs based on
their MAC address. This method of access filtering is not secure and should only be used
in combination with WPA as many devices allow the user to manually change the MAC
address.
Access list policy
This option allows you to set the connection filter for
WLAN access. This option filters the devices according to
their MAC address and is therefore not secure!
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
Open to every client
When this option is selected, no type of filtering takes
place. All devices can connect to your FSG.
GB
3
allow all in list
deny all in list
New
All devices in the filter list are granted access.
All devices contained in the filter list are denied access.
Press the 'New' button to add devices to the filter list.
Properties
This properties window allows you to edit the settings for
your filter entries.
Delete
Press 'Delete' to remove the selected filter entry from the
list.
Status:
enabled: activates the filter; disabled: deactivates the
filter
Name:
You enter a name for the filter here in this field.
Hardware address
The user needs to enter the MAC address for these filter
rules (MAC address) (see example).
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Services
3.5 Services
GB
3
3.5.1 DHCP server
Go to Services –> DHCP Server.
The DHCP server is responsible for giving dynamic IP addresses to the computers on the
LAN. For more information, please read Networks and Router Basics.
Options
Description
Start DHCP server
Check this if you want to run the DHCP server. Do not run the
DHCP server if you use fixed IP addresses.
Subnet mask
Gateway
The subnet mask in use for the DHCP server.
The IP address of the gateway the DHCP clients should be
automatically forwarded to if they want to reach external
sites. This address should usually be the FSG itself, unless a
different gateway is running.
Domain name server
The IP address of the DNS server the clients should query. This
should be the FSG IP address or an other DNS system.
IP address range
IP release time
The range of IP addresses the DHCP server can use.
The time between refreshing IP addresses given to DHCP
clients.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
3.5.2 Dynamic DNS
GB
3
Go to Services -> Dynamic DNS.
Dynamic Domain Name System gives the ability to provide an official DNS name such as
www.yourname.com to the dynamic IP address you have gotten from your ISP. You will
need to register at one of the listed providers. Please see their websites for further details.
Options
Description
Run dynamic DNS client
Service
Check this if you want to enable the Dynamic DNS client
Several different Service providers are supported. These are
dyndns.org, dtdns.com, no-ip.com. Register at the website of
one of the service providers and fill in the required informa-
tion
Host
This is the domain name you registered at the DDNS service
provider
Username
Password
Retype password
This is the username you registered at the DDNS service
provider
This is the password you registered at the DDNS service
provider
This is the password you registered at the DDNS service
provider again
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Configuration
3.5.3 HTTP Server
GB
3
Go to Services -> HTTP Server.
Use these settings to configure the web server. The web server in use is a version of
Apache.
Options
Description
Open HTTP server to
the outside
This allows the http server to be reached from IP addresses
whose source address is located somewhere on the
internet (if enabled, it is recommended to use SSL
encryption as well).
Use SSL encryption
This will allow SSL encrypted pages (https) This is a security
feature (If enabled, device is reachable via https://ip.address,
otherwise via http://ip.address).
Access for configuration Provides access to the FSG web interface from the outside.
pages from the outside (e.g., Internet)
Configuration
You open and configure the existing Web Front Pages here.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
Web Front Pages and Aliases
GB
3
Go to Services -> HTTP Server -> Configuration -> New.
Options
Name
Explanation
Enter a name for your homepage here.
DNS Name
Enter the DNS name for the homepage that you regis-
tered with a Dynamic DNS provider.
Port
Enter the port that you want to use to access your
homepage. (We recommend using port 80. If another port
is selected, you will need to enter the port each time you
access the page. Example: hhtp:ip-address:81 for port 81.)
Folder
Select the folder where your homepage is stored.
Enables PHP-4 support for this DNS name.
Enable PHP 4
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Configuration
Web Page Aliases
GB
3
Options
Name
Alias
Explanation
Enter a name for your alias.
Enter a name used to access your alias (e.g., music) if you
want your alias to be reached at www.yourname.com/mu-
sic.
Path
Enter the folder path on the FSG used to access the alias.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
3.5.4 File Server (CIFS)
GB
3
Go to Services -> File Server (CIFS).
You can enable Windows File Sharing for the outside via the WAN port on this screen.
This enables you to access your FSG over the Internet using Windows Explorer by
entering your Dynamic DNS hostname. This is done by typing in \\www.yourname.com
intheaddressbar(typeinyourDynamicDNShostnameinsteadofwww.yourname.com).
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Configuration
3.5.5 FTP Server
GB
3
Go to Services -> FTP Server.
This is a File Transfer Protocol (FTP) based server.
Options
Explanation
run FTP server
open FTP server for
the outside
Turn on the FTP server.
The FTP server may now be accessed by Internet users from
the outside (only functions internally, not in the Internet).
Use SSL encryption
Activates SSL encryption for FTP. Is not supported by all
browsers.
TCP port
Enter a port here if you do not want to use the default
port for FTP (port 21).
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
3.5.6 SSH Server
GB
3
Go to Services -> SSH Server.
The SSH server is a secure terminal client that can be used to perform advanced
configuration settings. Please only use this where required because it may present a
security risk. All users with a user account on the FSG can access the FSG.
Options
Explanation
Run SSH server
Start/stop server
Open SSH server to the
outside
The SSH may now be accessed by outside
Internet users through the WAN port.
Attention: Starting the SSH server represents a security risk. Only do this
if you trust the users!
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Configuration
3.5.7 Port forwarding
GB
3
Go to Services -> Port forwarding.
Port forwarding is a type of NAT (Network Address Translation). It permits certain ports
toaccessselectPCswithinthelocalareanetworkfromtheInternet. Thisisamethodused
to circumvent the firewall. The list indicates which ports are forwarded to which IP
addresses in the LAN. Click 'New' to create a new port forwarding.
Options
Name
Explanation
Can be any random name.
Status
Shows the status of port forwarding for the requested
port (enabled or disabled).
Port
You can enter the port(s) that you want to forward to the
PC with the IP address as indicated below. You can enter
several ports separated by commas (e.g., 21, 23, 80). If you
enter a colon, a range of ports is selected (e.g., 2600:2700).
Protocol
Shows the protocol selected for the forwarding port (TCP
or UDP).
IP address
Shows the internal IP address of the PC the port is for-
warded to.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
3.5.8 Mail server
GB
3
Select Services -> Mail Server.
The mail server allows you to set up provider independent e-mail addresses for use by
individuals using your FSG. If you do not have your own domain name, you may also use
a Dynamic DNS address here. Example: Your DynDNS address is test.yourdyndns.org.
The admin e-mail address in the case would be [email protected].
Fetchmailallowsyoutoretrievee-mailsfromotheraccountsandmanagethemcentrally
on your FSG.
For more details on using the mail server, please refer to the chapter 'Setting up the FSG
Mail Server'.
Options
Explanation
Run Mail Server
Enables the mail server.
Open IMAP and POP3
server for the outside
Permits the use of IMAP and POP3
via the WAN port.
Open SMTP server for
the outside
Permits the use of SMTP via the WAN port.
Run Fetchmail daemon
Starts Fetchmail. Fetchmail allows you to get e-mails from
other e-mail accounts and allocate them to specific FSG
users. Fetchmail checks all accounts at preset intervals for
new e-mails.
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Explanation of Configuration Options
To set up Fetchmail, click 'New' in the 'Fetchmail Account Configuration' section. You
need to enter the details required to retrieve e-mails here.
GB
3
Options
Explanation
External / Account Login
Enter an e-mail account from which the e-mails are re-
trieved.
External POP/IMAP Server
Account password
Enter the POP/IMAP server for the e-mail account.
Set the password for the e-mail account.
Retype account password
Forward to local user
Re-enter the password for the e-mail account.
Enter the name of the user's mail folder where the mail is
forwarded (local FSG user).
Choose protocol
Select whether to use POP3 or IMAP for fetching e-mails.
Note: Many freemail providers only support POP3.
Keep mail on remote server Enable this option if you do not want the e-mails to be
after fetching it deleted from the server after retrieval.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
3.5.9 SQL server
GB
3
Go to Services -> SQL Server.
The SQL server allows you to create and manage databases via SQL. In this case, use a
MySQL client or a PHP script.
Options
Explanation
Run SQL server
Activates the SQL server.
Open SQL server for
the outside
Allows you to use the SQL server via the WAN port.
TCP Port
The TCP port used for SQL queries.
Administration page
Opens the Configuration window where databases and
users are configured.
SQL Administrator
If you are no longer able to access SQL when for instance
the user has been deleted, you can set up a new adminis-
trator account.
Password
Set the password for the SQL administrator in this field.
Re-enter the password for the SQL administrator.
Click here to set up the SQL administrator account.
Re-type password
Set Account
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Explanation of Configuration Options
3.5.10 Media server
GB
3
Open Services -> Media Server.
Options
Explanation
Activate the media server.
Enable Media Server
Content Folders
Display a list of folders on the FSG.
Enable Internet Radio
Enable Picture Rescaling
Enables the use of Internet radio through the FSG.
Enables you to automatically resize images.
Enables you to resample various audio formats.
Enable audio format
resampling
Language
Menu language for 'Advanced Options'.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
3.6 Configuration
GB
3
It is possible to save and restore all FSG user settings.
Note: Please do not save your user settings directly on the FSG.
3.6.1 Save configuration
Open Configuration -> Save Configuration.
In this window, you can save the current configuration file on your computer.
After pressing the button, you are asked where you want to save the back-up copy of the
configuration file. Select a location and click 'Save Configuration'.
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Explanation of Configuration Options
3.6.2 Restore Configuration
GB
3
Open Configuration -> Restore Configuration.
This window offers you the option of restoring a previously saved configuration file.
Press 'Browse' to select an existing backup copy of your configuration file. Then click the
'Restore' button to start the process.
Do not turn the FSG off while the configuration is being restored. This will corrupt and
destroy the configuration of your FSG.
A button is provided that allows you to delete all users not found in the restored
configuration. All data in these directories is then deleted! If you do not press this button,
the user data and logins are not deleted.
You may also select whether to delete the folders of your FSG that do not exist in the
restored configuration. All data in these folders is then deleted!
Attention: Please keep in mind that any changes you may have made to the
configuration after backing up the restored configuration will be deleted.
Attention: If the Restore Configuration option is enabled, all existing
settings will be lost! Please save the current configuration beforehand!
The administrator password remains unchanged.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
3.6.3 Reset configuration
GB
3
Open Configuration -> Reset Configuration.
Please click the reset button to reset the factory default configuration. This does not
affect or change the version of firmware. You can delete all users.
You can delete all users and groups with one button. All data is then deleted! If this
option is not selected, the user data and logins are not deleted. You may also choose to
delete all folders on your FSG. All data in these folders is then erased!
Attention: Removing all users and folders also means that this data is lost.
To reset the hardware, press the Reset button located on the back of the FSG. Do this for
instance when you are no longer able to access the web interface. When you press the
Reset button, the administrator password is also reset to 'admin'.
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Explanation of Configuration Options
3.7 Hardware
GB
3
3.7.1 Date & Time
Open Hardware -> Date & Time.
You may change the date and time on the FSG here. You may change the settings
manually or use the Internet time server.
Options
Explanation
Time Zone
Select your local time zone.
Use European summer
rule
Enable this option if you live in a country that uses time
summer time.
Automatically synchronize When using this option, select a time server and update
with an Internet time
server
interval.
Set manually date and time If you enable this option, please set the date and time
manually.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
3.7.2 Update firmware
GB
3
Open Hardware -> Update Firmware.
Here you can update the firmware. New firmware usually fixes bugs and adds additional
features to your FSG. Check on www.freecom.com if new firmware updates are available
for the Freecom Storage Gateway.
Freecom will release new and updated firmware on a regular basis. It is also possible to
obtain the source code and create your own firmware.
Attention: Changing the source code of the firmware is at your own risk!
Download the firmware file and click on "Browse" to select the file. Click on "Update
firmware" to start the update.
Attention: Updating the firmware is at your own risk! Make sure to make
a backup of your current configuration before updating the firmware.
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Explanation of Configuration Options
3.7.3 Hard drive
GB
3
Open Hardware -> Harddrive.
You can configure any hard drive setting in this window.
Spin-down time
Hard drives are devices with moving part that create noise and heat, and consume
power. If the FSG is not used for an extended period of time, your best option may be to
shutdowntheharddrive. Thisreducespowerconsumptionandtheamountofnoiseand
heat generated. It also increases the operational life of the hard drive. When the hard
driveisshutdown, itwilltakelongertoaccessitinitiallybecausetheharddrivehastofirst
start spinning.
You can set the time after which the hard disk shuts down following the last access. If you
do not want to use this option, please enter 0.
Once you have set the time, click 'Apply'.
Formatting the hard drive
Before formatting the internal HD on the FSG, please read the warning notices. All data
is lost during formatting! After reading the warning notices, please press the button to
confirm you want to format the hard drive. Then click the 'Format drive' button.
Attention: When you click the 'Format drive' button, all data on the drive
is lost! Please make a backup copy before formatting the drive.
Attention: Stop all operations on the device while the drive is being
formatted!
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
GB
3
3.7.4 Fan control
Open Hardware -> Fan Control.
This option allows you to adjust the fan speed. Reducing the fan speed means less noise,
but higher temperatures in the device. When operating the device in extremely warm
conditions or whenever the device is in constant use, we recommend that you increase
the fan speed to deliver more cooling capacity.
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Explanation of Configuration Options
3.8 Information
GB
3
This is the information menu. It contains diagnostics data and general information.
3.8.1 Copyright
Open Information -> Copyright.
This section contains information on copyrights for your FSG.
3.8.2 System
Open Information -> System.
You will find general system information on available disk space and your processor.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
3.8.3 Version
GB
3
Open Information -> Version.
This window displays information on the operating system and firmware contained on FSG.
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Explanation of Configuration Options
3.8.4 Devices
GB
3
Open Information -> Devices.
This dialog box displays a list of attached devices. Click 'Refresh' in your browser if one
of the connected devices is not displayed on the screen.
Note: eSATA are only detected by the FSG once it has been restarted after
the device is attached. After restarted the FSG, the eSATA device is de-
tected and is then ready for use.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
3.8.5 Network
GB
3
Open Information -> Network.
Both LAN and WAN (internet) Network information is found here for the FSG. If you need
the IP address of the FSG, please look for it here.
WAN Port:
Status
Shows the active status
Hardware Address
IP Address
Shows the MAC address or physical address of the port
YouroutsideFSG(WAN)internetIPaddressassignedbyyourISP
This address is used to ask all computers on a subnet at once
This is the subnet mask gotten from your ISP
This shows if the cable is attached or not
Broadcast Address
Subnet Mask
Cable Attached
LAN Port:
Hardware Address
IP Address
Shows the MAC address or physical address of the port
Your FSG (LAN) internet IP address
Broadcast Address
Subnet Mask
This address is used to ask all computers on a subnet at once
This is the subnet mask you setup for your network
DNS servers:
Displays a list of DNS servers assigned to you by your provider.
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Explanation of Configuration Options
3.8.6 Logs
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Open Information -> Logs.
If you encounter problems with you FSG, you can use the log file recording option to
locate the issue.
The FSG offers several log files for different software components:
- Kernel
- DSL connection
- DHCP server
- Hotplug
- VPN connections
- Dynamic DNS
- FTP server
- E-mail server
To enable the log function, simply hit the 'Start log file recording' and then press 'Apply'.
Select a function (e.g., DSL connection) from the list and click 'Refresh' to update the
screen display.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
3.9 Shutdown
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This screen allows you to reboot or shutdown the FSG. (You can then safely unplug the
device from the power supply.)
Attention: Always shutdown the FSG before unplugging the power sup-
ply. If you do not do this, you may damage your drive or corrupt the
system.
3.9.1 Reboot
Open Shutdown -> Reboot.
If you encounter any problems with the FSG, it may help if you restart the unit. Click
'Reboot' and the FSG restarts.
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The Freecom Storage Gateway Wizard
3.9.2 Shut Down
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Open Shutdown -> Shut Down.
The FSG shuts down when you press the 'Shutdown' button. When all the lights on the
device are off, you can unplug it from the power outlet. This may take a few seconds.
Press the Power on button to turn the FSG back on.
Note: The LED ring stays on after the FSG has shut down.
Chapter 4: The Freecom Storage Gateway Wizard
The Freecom Storage Gateway Wizard helps you to locate each FSG in your network.
When started, it displays all FSGs available in your network and helps you configure the
FSG as a printer server or create network folders. You can also configure the basic
settings and quickly find the configuration website using the FSG Wizard. You may also
perform any of the functions of the FSG Wizard manually.
Note: The FSGW software only works with Windows.
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4.1 Installation
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Please place the Manual & Application CD on the tray. It contains user manuals and
software, including the FSG Wizard. Once the CD is inserted, a window should appear
automatically on the screen. If this does not happen, pleases proceed as follows:
1. Open your computer Desktop.
2. Double-click the CD drive containing the CD. The CD window should now open.
3. Click 'Install Software' -> 'FSG Wizard'. Follow the instructions for installing the
software.
4. Start the FSG Wizard.
4.2 Features of the FSG Wizard
The preset password and login name for the FSG are:
Login Name:
Password:
admin
admin
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The Freecom Storage Gateway Wizard
4.2.1 Configure basic settings of your Freecom Storage Gateway
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In this screen, you can set an IP address, subnet mask, device name and workgroup name
for your FSG. With this information, it is easy to locate your FSG in the network without
the wizard. To change the settings, you have to first enter the administrator password.
4.2.2 Accessing your FSG web interface
When you click this menu item, the web interface for your FSG opens in your default
browser.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
4.2.3 Adding and removing network drives
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You can assign a drive letter to shared folders on your FSG. This allows you to access to
the files in Windows more quickly.
4.2.4 Add a new printer
This windows allows you to configure any printer connected to your FSG on your local
PC using Windows Printer Wizard.
Note: The attached printer has to be set up separately on each computer!
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The Freecom Storage Gateway Wizard
4.2.5 Start recovery procedure
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This procedure can reset and repair an FSG to factory default settings if you cannot
access your FSG anymore. Your user data will not be deleted!
To restore your settings, please proceed as follows:
a) Enable the Recovery mode by clicking 'Start the recovery procedure' in the Freecom
Storage Gateway Wizard.
b) Turn the FSG off using 'Shutdown'.
c) Unplug the FSG's AC power pack.
d) Use a pointed object to carefully press the 'Reset' button. It is located next to the AC
power slot on the back of the FSG.
e) Keep the 'Reset' button pressed down and reattach the AC power supply.
f) Release the 'Reset' button.
g) The LED on the PWR button lights up, indicating that the Recovery mode is enabled.
The device's LED flashes while the recovery process is taking place.
h) Once the LEDs stop flashing and the LED on the PWR button turns off, the recovery
process is complete. A message window appears on screen, telling you that the
recovery is finished.
i) Once it is complete, press OK in the Freecom Storage Gateway Wizard window.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
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Note: After recovery, all user data is still available on the FSG. To avoid
problems, the administrator should backup all user data and format the
hard disk. If an old configuration file was saved before, the administrator
should load this configuration and afterwards copy the individual user
data back to its folders.
4.2.6 Repeat search for available Freecom Storage Gateways
Click here to repeat the search for your FSG if it was not detected during the first search.
Please make sure that your network is configured as described above in this manual and
that all cables are properly attached.
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FSG in everyday use
Chapter 5: FSG in everyday use
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5.1 WAN or internet connection setup
Next to using the FSG as a standalone router and NAS and connecting computers and
switches and routers to the LAN ports, there is also the option of connecting the FSG
WAN port to an existing router or straight to an internet modem.
5.1.1 Using the FSG behind a router
Note: When initially configuring the FSG, your computer needs to be
connected to one of the LAN ports on this device.
Connecting the hardware
1. Connect a RJ45 cable to a LAN port on your router.
2. Plug the other end of the cable into the WAN port on the Freecom Storage Gateway.
3. Once the FSG is configured, you can connect the network PC to the FSG or your
router.
FSG configuration
Using a fixed IP address Preparation
1. Check the 'DHCP' box under TCI/IP Settings in your computer's network settings. For
more details, refer to Appendix B in this manual.
2. Connect your PC to the FSG.
3. Open the Internet browser and start the Configuration menu for the FSG (factory
defaults: http://fsg or. http://192.168.1.1).
4. Open 'Connections' -> LAN' and select an IP address for the FSG.
To prevent conflicting IP addresses in your network, make sure the LAN
IPs for your FSG and router are different.
5. Open 'Connection' -> 'WAN' and select 'Use fixed IP address'.
Use the following settings:
Specify the IP address:
Enter an IP address that lies within the your router's
address range; if the router's IP address is 192.168.2.1,
enter 192.168.2.100 for your FSG.
This IP address allows you to access to the FSG from
anywhere in your local network.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
Subnet mask:
Enter the subnet mask of your router (example:
255.255.255.0).
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Standard Gateway:
IP address of your router, e.g., 192.168.2.1.
Using the FSG behind a router when employing a fixed IP address
1. Open 'Services' -> 'File Server (CIFS)' and enable 'Open Windows File Sharing (CIFS/
SBM) on the WAN port'.
2. If you want to access the FSG from outside the network (e.g., over the Internet) via
HTTP (port 80) and FTP (port 21), you will need to forward these ports on your router
to the IP address assigned by the router to the FSG. In this example, you are required
to forward ports 21 and 80 to the IP address 192.168.2.100. For more details on
forwarding ports, please refer to your router's manual.
3. Please make sure that 'Services' -> 'HTTP Server' -> 'Open HTTP server to the outside'
and 'access for configuration pages from the outside” / 'FTP Server' 'open FTP server
for the outside' are enabled in FSG's Configuration window.
Note: The FSG DynDNS options do not function when the FSG is used
behind a router. Please enable the router's DynDNS option.
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FSG in Everyday Use
Using DHCP
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AnalterativetousingafixedIPaddressisassigningyourFSGadynamicIPaddressthrough
your router. You will need to enable your router's DHCP server before using the FSG as a
DHCP client behind the router! For further details, please refer to your router's manual.
Before getting start
1. Check the 'DHCP' box under TCI/IP Settings in the network settings of your PC. For
more details, refer to Appendix B in this manual.
2. Connect your PC to the FSG.
3. Open the Internet browser and start the Configuration menu for the FSG (fault
defaults: http://fsg or http://192.168.1.1).
4. Go to 'Connections' -> 'WAN' and choose 'Run DHCP Client'. Click 'Apply'. Your FSG
is now assigned an IP address by your router.
5. Enable the DHCP server on your router's Configuration window. For more informa-
tion on this topic, please refer to your router's manual.
6. Connect the WAN port on your FSG to a LAN port on your router.
Using the FSG behind a router via DHCO
1. Open 'Information' -> 'Network'. You can view the IP address assigned by the router
to your FSG under WAN Port -> IP address. If your router uses the IP address
192.168.2.1, the FSG IP address for example could be 192.168.2.100.
2. If you want to access the FSG from outside the network (e.g., over the Internet) via
HTTP (port 80) and FTP (port 21), you will need to forward these ports on your router
to the IP address assigned by the router to the FSG. In our example, you need to
forward ports 21 and 80 to the IP address 192.168.2.100. For more details on
forwarding ports, please refer to your router's manual.
3. Please make sure that 'Services' -> 'HTTP Server' -> 'Open HTTP server to the outside'
and 'access for configuration pages from the outside” / 'FTP Server' 'open FTP server
for the outside' are enabled in FSG's Configuration window.
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Note: The FSG DynDNS options do not function when using the FSG
behind a router. Please check your router's DynDNS box.
5.1.2 Using CIFS (Samba) over the Internet (behind a router)
CIFS (Samba) allows you to access the FSG over the Internet without any additional
software. You can also map a folder on the FSG, i.e., add it to Windows. Mapped drives
are network drives that can be used like normal folders.
1. Open Services -> File Server (CIFS).
2. Check the box next to 'Open Windows File Sharing (CIFS/SMB) on the WAN port'.
3. Confirm by pressing 'Apply'.
4. Forward TCP ports 139 and 445 from the router to the LAN IP on your FSG. For more
information on how to forward a port on your router to the FSG, please refer to your
router's manual.
5. Your LAN is now configured for CIFS (Samba).
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FSG in Everyday Use
5.1.3 Connecting the FSG WAN port to a modem
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To use the internet through your FSG, you will need to setup the FSG with the configu-
ration information provided by your ISP. This information is described in detail in the
"Getting on the internet" section of the "Before you begin" chapter.
To configure your FSG with this information, you should:
•
•
•
•
•
Open the Web interface window of your FSG.
Log on under 'admin' and administrator password.
Click 'Connections' on the left-hand side of the window.
Click 'WAN' on the left-hand side.
If the IP data is prepared dynamically, check to make sure that 'Run DHCP Client' is
enabled. The configuration is complete.
•
If the IP data is not prepared dynamically, click the 'Run DSL Client' box.
•
•
•
•
Enter the login data provided by your ISP.
Click 'Apply'.
Save your settings.
To test the connection, start the Internet browser and see if you can access your
Internet Favorites or check the Info window under WAN on the FSG configuration
website to see whether your ISP has assigned you an IP address.
Note: It may take some time to establish the DSL connection to the ISP.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
5.2 Dynamic DNS
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A DynDNS entry allows you to access a computer using a dynamic IP address at any time
under the same domain name. To do so, you first need to register with a DynDNS service.
It updates the modified IP addresses and forwards this to the domain name. This enables
you to be reached at one single domain name at any time even if your IP address changes
ever so often.
Your FSG supports three different DynDNS providers:
- www.dyndns.com
- www.dtdns.com
- www.no-ip.com
Creating a Dynamic DNS account (e.g., no-ip.com) and setting up a host
Note: You will need to register with a Dynamic DNS provider such as www.no-ip.com.
Once you have registered at one of the providers, go to step 1.4.
1.1 To register at No-IP (requires a valid e-mail address), go to http://www.no-ip.com.
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FSG in Everyday Use
1.2 Press'Sign-upnow!'locatednexttotheLoginbutton. Entertherequiredinformation
on the next page and click 'Sign-up now!'.
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1.3 You will then receive an e-mail from No-IP, where you are asked to activate your
account (This may take a few minutes.). Click the link in the e-mail to activate your
account.
1.4 Log on to your No-IP account and create a host.
1.5 Adding a new host
a. Select 'Host/Redirects -> 'Add' on the left section of the screen.
b. Enter the required hostname in the specified box and select a domain name such
as 'zapto.org'. Choose a different host or domain name if the one you have entered
is not available.
c. Click 'Create Host' and the new host has been added.
d. To view your account settings, click 'Host/Redirects' ->'Manage'.
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Note: To set up a homepage on your FSG, you will require two hosts, one
to access the FSG configuration and the other to access the homepage.
5.3 Setting up your own homepage on the FSG
You can set up one or more homepages on your FSG. They are accessed by entering the
dynamic DNS address. Please follow these steps to set up a homepage on the FSG:
Configuring the FSG
Open 'Services' ->'Dynamic DNS'.
•
•
Select 'no-ip.com' as the service.
Enter one of the hosts created in chapter 12.2 (e.g., fsg- 3forum.zapto.org).
Note: This host allows you to access your configuration page from the outside via HTTP/
FTP/SSH.
•
•
•
Username: the e-mail address used to register at no-ip.com.
Password: Your no-ip password.
Repeat password: Re-enter your no-ip password.
To access the Configuration pages from the outside, you will first need to enable 'Open
HTTP Server to the outside' and 'Access for Configuration pages from the Outside' under
'Services' - 'HTTP Server'.
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Setting up web front pages
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•
•
•
•
Add a new folder in the FSG configuration window (example: Homepage).
Select 'New' under 'Services' -> 'HTTP Server'.
Enter a name such as 'My Homepage'.
Enter the second host created in step 1 in the field 'DNS Name' (example:
MyFSG.zapto.org).
Note: You may use the same host as in step 2.1. Keep in mind that you can
now only access your FSG configuration by entering the WAN IP address.
•
Enter any port in 'Port'. (We recommend that you use port 80. If not, you will have to
enter http://MyFSG.zapto.org:81/, with 81 indicating the port).
•
•
•
As the 'Folder', select the one you created in step 3.1.
Click 'Apply'. The HTTP now restarts.
Create an index.html in the selected folder. This HTML page is opened whenever you
access your host (e.g., http://MyFSG.zapto.org).
Web Front Page Aliases
Once your web front page has been set up, you can set aliases for your folders. Enable the
check box for your web front page and click 'Properties'. Select 'New' on the 'Properties'
screen.
Enter a name for your alias. You may choose any name.
•
•
Please enter an abbreviation as the 'Alias' (e.g., mp3).
Please enter the folder path in the field labeled 'Path' (e.g., files/test/user10/music/).
You can now access this folder (for instance, files/test/user10/music/) using the alias
(e.g., http:// MyFSG.zapto.org/mp3").
Note: If the path you enter ends with a slash ('/') (e.g., files/test/user10/music/), the user
is required to enter the user, username and password whenever he accesses the alias
address (e.g., http:// MyFSG.zapto.org/mp3). If the path does not end with a blank space
(' ') (e.g., files/test/user10/music), the user is not be required to enter the username and
password when accessing the alias address (e.g., http:// MyFSG.zapto.org/mp3).
Note: You can only use hosts from a provider. It is however possible to use
multiple domains from one provider.
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5.4 Setting up a printer
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Windows: Installing a USB printer
To install a USB printer, connect the printer to one of the USB host ports on the FSG.
Check to make sure the FSG is on. Now turn the printer on.
Installing using the Freecom Storage Gateway Wizard
1. Connect a USB printer to the FSG.
2. Open the FSG Configuration page and check whether the printer was detected
under 'Information' -> 'USB'.
3. Start the Freecom Storage Gateway Wizard and click 'Add a new printer'. The FSGW
automatically applies all settings. You only need to select the driver for your printer
model.
Manual installation
1. Connect a USB printer to the FSG.
2. Open the FSG Configuration page and check whether the printer was detected
under 'Information' -> 'USB'.
3. Go to Start -> Settings -> Printer and faxes -> Add printer in Windows.
4. The print wizard starts. Click 'Next'.
5. Select 'Add local printer on this computer' and check the box next to 'Automatically
detect and install my plug&play printer'. Click 'Next'.
6. Select the printer port in the next screen. Open 'Add new port' and select 'Standard
TCP/IP port'. Click 'Next'.
7. The 'Add Standard TCI/IP port wizard' starts. Click 'Next' to continue. The 'Add port'
window opens. Use the following settings: Printer name or IP address: FSG name or
IP address of the FSG port name: 9100. Click 'Next'.
9. Now you need to enter the other port data. Set Device Type to: default (Generic
Network Card) and click 'Next'. An overview of your settings is provided in the next
screen. Click Finish.
10. To complete the installation, you now have to install the printer software. Select the
software for your printer. If your printer is not contained in the list, hit 'Have Disk' and
insert the drivers disk or CD for your printer.
Note: You can also use the Freecom Storage Gateway Wizard for quick
installation of your printer in Windows. For detailed instructions on using
the FSGW, please refer to chapter 4, 'The Freecom Storage Gateway Wizard'.
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Setting up a printer
Mac OS X: Installing a USB printer
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To install a USB printer, connect the printer to one of the USB host ports on the FSG.
Check to make sure the FSG is on. Then turn the printer on.
1. Connect a USB printer to the FSG.
2. Open the FSG Configuration page and check whether the printer was detected
under 'Information' -> 'USB'.
3. Open 'System preferences' -> 'Printing & Faxing'.
4. Click '+' to add a new printer.
5. The 'Printer Browser' opens. Select 'IP printer' as the printer type and select the
following settings:
Protocol:
Address:
HP Jet Direct-Socket
192.168.1.1:9100 (replace 192.168.1.1 with the IP address that
you set for your FSG)
Queue name:
You may leave this field blank.
A list of available printer drivers is now compiled.
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6. You can enter additional information on the printer in the 'Name' and 'Location' fields.
7. Select the model of your printer under 'Print Using'. You may need to install the
printer driver for your printer beforehand.
8. Click 'Add' to finish printer setup.
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SSH Server
5.5 SSH Server
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The SSH server is a secure terminal client that can be used to perform advanced
configurations. Please use this only where absolutely necessary because each user with
an account can also connect to the SSH server.
5.5.1 Starting the SSH server
Open'Services'->'SSHServer'andenable'RunSSHserver'. IfyoualsowanttousetheSSH
server from the outside (Internet, router), enable 'Open SSH to the outside through the
WAN port' and press 'Apply'.
Attention: Using an SSH server presents a security risk. Only do this if you
trust the users!
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5.5.2 Connecting with the SSH server for Windows
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Install an SSH client (e.g., PuTTY) and start it. Enter your FSG's IP address/hostname:
With PuTTY, you only need to enter the IP address and hostname, and can leave all other
settings unchanged. To connect, simply press 'Open':
Log on with the username and password.
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SSH Server
Linux/Mac OS X
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Open the console window or start 'Terminal' (Mac OS X). You now need to type in:
ssh FSG_IP –l admin
FSG_IP = IP address of your FSG (192.168.1.1, for instance). Now connect with the FSG's
SSH server and sign in as admin. You can use the SSH server once you have entered the
administrator password.
Sample SSH application
SSH allows you to instruct the FSG to download files from an FTP server. The file is then
saved on the FSG without having to turn the PC on. This featureis particularly useful
when downloading large files from slow FTP servers. The syntax for the 'ftpget' function
is: ftpget -u <username> -p <password> <ftp server> local file path and name &
Example:
ftpget -u anonymous -p [email protected] ftp.ftp.com ftp.exe /pub/ test.exe &
User to Connect As:
Password:
anonymous
FTP server:
ftp.opera.com
Local file name:
ftp.exe —> name used to save the file on the FSG
Remotefilepathandname: /pub/test.exe —> path and file name on FTP server &
—> Continues download when PuTTY is closed.
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5.6 Connecting External Drivers (USB, SATA)
5.6.1 USB
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For more information on attached external USB mass storage devices, please refer to the
section 'Information on the FSG configuration pages'.
Installing USB mass storage devices
To add more disk space to the FSG, plug a USB mass storage device into one of the USB
hostports. ThenturnontheexternalUSBdevice. ThediskspaceontheUSBdeviceshould
appear as a shared folder. When using SMB (Windows File Sharing), it may take a few
minutes until the Windows-based computer detects the new folder. If you are using a
browser (HTML) to view your files, you can click Refresh. This shared folder can be
accessed via FTP, HTML and SMB (Window File Sharing). The folder is configured with
read and write privileges for all users located in the master directory (/). Once the device
is attached, you can limit the user privileges. Please read the chapter on adding users and
groups and on setting folder rights.
Attention: Optical drives such as DVD writers can only be used to read
files and data.
Attention: When attaching a card reader, you need to insert the flash disk
before connecting it to the FSG.
Power supply
All host ports can supply the USB-specific 500 mA current. If more power is required,
please use the AC power supply that came with the external USB device.
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Connecting External Drivers (USB, SATA)
File systems
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The attached USB device has use in a file system format supported by the FSG. The
supported file systems are:
FAT32
NTFS (read-only access)
ext2
ext3
reiserfs
HFS(+) (read-only access)
Note: To obtain full access to the external drive, we recommend that you
use FAT32 when formatting the drive.
5.6.2 eSATA
Connection
To install a S-ATA external storage device, you must first shutdown the FSG. Go to the
web interface and log in to the administration site. Go to the shutdown item of the
Hardware menu and press shutdown. Wait till the FSG is shutdown and plug in the eS-
ATA connector of the external device into the FSG eS-ATA port. Make sure the eS-ATA
device is powered on and turn the FSG back on. The storage on the eS-ATA device should
show up as a shared folder. This shared folder can be reached via FTP, HTML and SMB
(Windows file sharing). The folder will be mounted with read and write rights for all in the
root folder (/).
Filesystems
An attached S-ATA Disk must be formatted in a file system supported by the FSG. The
supported file systems are:
FAT32
NTFS (read-only)
ext2
ext3
reiserfs
HFS(+) (read-only)
Remark: To have read/write access on the external disk, we recommend
formatting the disk in FAT32 format.
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5.7 Setting up Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)
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A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a computer network that uses a public network such
as the Internet to transfer private data. VPN users can exchange data just like in an
internal LAN. VPN are often used by companies as a way of providing access to the
company network to staff when they are out of the office. The process involves the FSG
establishing a VPN connection to the company's VPN gateway. Using this connection,
the employee is then able to perform his duties as if he/she were working directly in the
company's local area network.
Open Connections -> VPN -> ADD Connection in the main menu.
Status
You can enable or disable the VPN connection at any time here.
Name
Please enter any name of your choosing for the connection here.
Remote Host IP
In this field, please type in the IP address of the VPN routers that you wish to connect to
(you need to have an account on this router).
Remote Network
EntertheIPaddressandthenetworkmaskthatyouwanttoaccess. Example:192.168.1.0/
24. The '0' at the end of the IP address signifies that you can reach any PC in the network
under the IP addresses 192.168.1.1 – 192.168.1.254. /24 indicates that this is a network
mask 255.255.255.0. If the network you are attempting to access contains several
subnets with the net mask 255.255.252.0, please enter /22 in place of /24.
ESP Encryption
This is where you set the encryption protocols. You can keep the default settings,
although they have to be supported by the remote machine.
ESP Encryption 3Des
Triple DES (3DES) is an advanced version of the Data Encryption Standard (DES). The old
DES only used key lengths of up to 56 bits. 3DES on the other hand uses three encryption
cycles and two or three keys. By using three keys, an actual key length of 112 bits is
provided.
MD5
MD5 sums are used by PGP and other programs to check the integrity of files. This
involves comparing the file's current MD5 sum with an accepted sum from earlier. This
allows the system to determine whether the file has been changed or is corrupt.
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Setting up Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)
SHA1
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Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA) is the term used to describe a group of standardized
cryptographic hash functions.
Working together with the National Security Agency, the National Institute of Standards
andTechnology(NIST)developedasecurehashfunctionforsigningaspartoftheDigital
Signature Algorithms (DSA) for the Digital Signature Standard (DSS). It was released in
1994. The name given to it was the Secure Hash Standard (SHS). It specifies the Secure
Hash Algorithm (SHA), with a hash value of 160 bits for messages up to 264 bits in size.
The algorithm shares a similar structure with MD4, designed by Ronald L. Rivest. There
are two versions of the Secure Hash Algorithm: SHA0 and SHA1. They differ in the
number of cycles passed through when generating the hash value.
Pre-Shared Key
Similar to a password. Has to be the same on both VPN routers (FSG and remote VPN
router).
Operation
1. Establish connection - Allows you to establish a connection with another VPN router.
2. Listen Only - Allows you to accept a connection from another router.
Alive Ping IP
You can enter the router's IP address used in establishing a connection in this field. This
involves sending a ping at set intervals to ensure that connection is not cut when no
activity is registered over a long period of time.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
5.8 Setting up an FSG Mail Server
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An e-mail server, or simply mail server, handles e-mails. It is responsible for receiving,
sending, saving or forwarding e-mails.
Note: In the name of spam protection, some freemail providers refuse to
accepte-mailsreceivedfromdynamicDNShostnames. Pleasekeepthisin
mind when sending e-mails!
Configuring the FSG
The FSG mail server supports POP3 (Post Office Protocol Version 3) and IMAP (Internet
Message Access Protocol) for retrieving and SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) for
sending e-mails.
POP3
Communications protocol for retrieving e-mails using an
e-mail client. POP3 allows the user to retrieve and delete
e-mails on the server. A permanent connection to the
POP3 mail server is not required. The fetched e-mails are
stored locally and available offline.
IMAP
The IMAP protocol allows the user to access and manage
e-mails directly on the server using an e-mail client. Un-
like the POP3 protocol, the e-mails generally remain on
the server and are only transferred to the client as re-
quired. In other words, you need an Internet connection
to read the e-mails. IMAP provides detailed access control
to mailboxes as POP3.
Note: Many freemail providers only support POP3!
SMTP
The SMTP protocol is used to exchange e-mails within
computer networks. SMTP is mostly used to send and
forward e-mails.
Set up a Dynamic client under Services -> Dynamic DNS if you have not already done so.
Your e-mail address corresponds to the hostname that you set earlier, e.g.,
ip is the hostname that you selected at the Dynamic DNS provider).
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Setting up an FSG Mail Server
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Open Services -> Mail Server and start the mail server by enabling 'Run Mail Server'. Click
'Apply' to start the mail server. The mail server is now ready for use in the internal
network.
To receive e-mails from the outside (Internet), you have to enabled 'Open IMAP and
POP3 Server for the outside'. You may now change the preset default ports. This is
however generally not required. To send e-mails to accounts outside of your network,
you need to enable 'Open SMTP Server for the outside'. You generally do not have to
change the default port (25).
Configuring an e-mail client in Outlook Express
You require an e-mail client to retrieve and read e-mails. Using the e-mail client Outlook
Express, already built-in to the Windows operating system, we will demonstrate which
changes you have to make to the configuration settings. Start Outlook Express. If you
have not already set up an e-mail account, the Configuration wizard will open:
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
1. Enter your name as you would like it to appear in the Sender field. Click 'Next'.
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2. Enter your e-mail address here. This is a combination of your username on the FSG
and the dynamic DNS host you created earlier. The FSG administrator has for
example the e-mail address [email protected] (yourhost.no-ip is the dy-
namic DNS hosthame that you entered earlier). Click "Next".
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Setting up an FSG Mail Server
3. Select whether the e-mails are retrieved via the POP3 or IMAP server and enter your
dynamic DNS hostname under Server (e.g., yourhost.no-up). Please enter the same
dynamic DNS host for both the POP3 and the SMTP servers. Click "Next".
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4. Then enter your login data (account name and password). Click "Next".
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5. To complete the configuration, please click 'Finish'.
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6. To test your configuration, you can now send an e-mail to yourself and to someone else.
Using Fetchmail
Fetchmail retrieves e-mails from an e-mail server. It retrieves the e-mails and transfers
them to the local e-mail system. Fetchmail is mostly used to check several e-mail servers
one by one. The e-mails are then forwarded to the mail folder of the recipient.
Note: You cannot use Fetchmail unless the mail server is enabled!
1. In the mail server configuration screen, click 'New' under 'Fetchmail Account Con-
figuration'.
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Setting up an FSG Mail Server
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2. An input screen opens where your can type in the Fetchmail information.
3. Enter your details for the e-mail account that Fetchmail checks for new e-mails.
Mail account:
E-mail address that is checked for new e-mails.
The server address of the e-mail server (POP3 or IMAP)
Password for e-mail account
POP/IMAP server:
Account password:
Retype Account password: Re-enter the e-mail account password.
Forward to local user: FSG user who will receive the e-mails.
4. Under 'Choose Protocol', you need to select a protocol: POP3 or IMAP.
Note: Freemail providers generally use the POP3 protocol.
5. To leave the e-mails on the mail server after retrieving them, enable 'Keep mail on
remove server after fetching it'.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
6. Click 'Apply' to finish set-up.
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Note: 'Fetch and Flush all mail once' is only available if 'Keep mail on
remote server after fetching it' is enabled!
You may set up as many accounts as you need and access them via Fetchmail. To add
new accounts, repeat the steps described above.
5.9 Using the media server
1. Open 'Services' -> 'Media Server'.
2. Activate the Media Server by checking 'Enable Media Server'.
3. You can view all available FSG folders under 'Content Folders'. Select one or more
folders. Toselectmorethanonefolder, keeptheCTRLkeypressedwhilemakingyour
selections.
4. Click 'Apply' and then 'Scan for Content'. The selected folders are now scanned for
multimedia files.
5. Click 'Advanced'. You will see how many files were located under 'Multimedia files
found'.
Note: You should not change any of the settings under 'Advanced' unless you are
an experienced user.
A list of media formats supported by the media server is located in Appendix D, 'Media
Formats Supported by Media Server'.
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Port Forwarding
5.10 Port Forwarding
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Port forwarding allows you to forward ports from clients on the local network to any
port(s) on the FSG that you select. This makes it possible to access services of the local
area network from other networks such as the Internet. Services on certain clients can
thus act as servers as they can now be reached via preset ports that no one else is using.
Example using the remote tool VNC
Click 'Services' -> Port Forwarding on the overview. To add a new forwarding, click 'New'.
You may choose any name for the port sharing. You can either share individual ports
(separated by a comma) (see example) or set an entire range of ports by inserting a ':'
between each of them. You can set the protocol in the drop-down menu 'Protocol' and
the client IP address of the port(s) in your local area network under 'IP address. VNC
requires ports 5800 and 5900. Enter these two ports as seen in the illustration below.
Select the TCP protocol and enter the IP address of the computer where the ports are
forwarded. Then press 'Apply'.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
5.11 WLAN in Everyday Use
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To use the WLAN function on your FSG, please select which
method of encryption used by device that you want to attach to the FSG.
Setting up a WAP – TKIP connection
1. Go to 'Connections' and then click 'Wireless' on the web interface. This window
contains the main settings options for WLAN.
2. EnterthenameusedtoidentifyyourFSGinthenetworkunder'NetworkName(ESSID)'.
You may choose any name. In this example, we are using 'MyFSG'.
3. Check the box labeled 'enable WPA encryption (recommended)'.
4. Enter one of the authentication keys selected by you under 'WPA-PSK key'. This key
has to be at least eight and no more than 63 characters in length. Jot down the key
that you just typed in. It needs to be entered on all of the devices that will connect
to your FSG via WLAN.
In this example, we are using 'thisisanexample'.
Please do not use this code word for security reasons!
5. Select 'WPA TKIP' under 'Encryption'.
6. Confirm your settings by pressing 'Apply'.
Your FSG is now configured for WLAN using WPA TKIP.
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WLAN in Everyday Use
Example: Setting up a WEP connection
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1. Go to 'Connections' and then click 'Wireless' on the web interface. This window
contains the main settings options for WLAN.
2. EnterthenameusedtoidentifyyourFSGinthenetworkunder'NetworkName(ESSID)'.
You may choose any name. In the example provided here, we are using 'My-FSG'.
3. Select 'enable WEP encryption' (refer to illustration) and enter any authentication
key of your choosing under 'WEP' 'hex key'. This key has to contain either 10 or 26
characters. Jot down the key that you just typed in. It needs to be entered on all of
the devices that will connect with your FSG via WLAN.
In this example, we are using the key 'FA1158CDA3'. For security reason, you should not
use this key. Please use WEP only if your WLAN devices do not support WPA. The WEP
standard is outdated and not secure!
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
5.12 Establishing a WLAN connection to your FSG
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1. Click 'Start', 'Settings', 'Control Panel'.
2
Click the 'Network Connections' icons in the Control Panel window.
3. Double-click 'Wireless Network Connections' in the window that appears.
4. A new window opens and displays the available wireless networks.
5. Double-click on the name you selected for your FSG (set under 'Network
Name(ESSIUD)). In this example, it is MyFSG.
6. A dialog window appear on the screen where you are requested to enter the
authentication key selected in step 4 (Setting up a WAP TPIK connection) twice.
7. Click OK. You computer then establishes a connection with the FSG.
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Establish a WLAN Connection to Your FSG.
Example: Setting up a wireless ACL filter
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1. Go to 'Wireless ACL'. Click 'New' to add devices to enabled or restricted.
2. On this page, you can set enabled/restricted by checking or unchecking 'enabled' /
'disabled'. Enter any name in the Name field. Click 'Apply' to confirm your entries. In
this case, we are using 'Example'.
3. You are now back at the Wireless ACL screen, where you can select either 'allow all
in list' or 'deny all in list' for the connection. Click 'Apply' to accept the final settings.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
Appendix A: CE, FCC and other certifications
CE
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EN 55 022 Declaration of Conformance. This is to certify that the Freecom Storage
Gateway is shielded against the generation of radio interference in accordance with the
application of Council Directive 89/336/EEC, Article 4a. Conformity is declared by the
application of EN 55 022 Class B (CISPR 22).
FCC
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following
two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device
must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired
operation.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Compliance Notice: Radio
Frequency Notice
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital
device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide
reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This
equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed
and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio
communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a
particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or
television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the
user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following
measures:
•
•
•
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the
receiver is connected.
•
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
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Appendix
Appendix B: Preparing LAN for use with the FSG
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This appendix provides a description of how to prepare your computer network for
connecting with the FSG and the Internet.
Preparing the computer for connection to the FSG
To connect to the FSG, you have to install TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/
Internet Protocol) on each of your network computers and select the required network
protocol. If a network interface card (NIC) is already installed on your PC, then TCP/IP is
probably also already installed.
Configuring Windows 98 SE and Windows Me to work with the FSG
To use your network and FSG, you will need to manually install TCP/IP and configure it
oneachcomputerinthenetwork. HaveyourWindowsCDhandybeforeyoubeginasyou
may need it when installing TCP/IP.
Installing the required network components
To install or scan for the components required for IP network operation:
1. Click 'Start' - 'Settings' - 'Control Panel' on your Windows taskbar.
2. Double-click the Network icon. The Network form contains a list of installed compo-
nents.
You need to make sure that an Ethernet adapter (NIC), the TCP/IP protocol and the Client
for Microsoft Networks are installed. You do not need to remove any of the other
components displayed in the Network Components window.
Installing an Ethernet adapters (NIC)
a. Click the 'Add' button.
b. Select an adapter and click 'Add'.
c. Select the manufacturer and model of the Ethernet adapter and then click 'OK'.
Installing TCP/IP:
a. Click the 'Add' button.
b. Select Protocol and click 'Add'.
c. Select Microsoft.
d. Select TCP/IP and then click 'OK'.
Installing Client for Microsoft Networks:
a. Click the 'Add' button.
b. Select Client and click 'Add'.
c. Select Microsoft.
d. Select Client for Microsoft Networks and then click 'OK'. Please restart your PC in
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
Obtain your TCI/IP configuration via DHCP
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Once the TCP/IP protocol has been installed, you need to add certain information on
each computer to ensure that other network devices can be accessed. The FSG is
preconfigured to automatically forward this information to all computers connected to
its LAN ports. The computers can obtain this information from FSG's internal DHCP
server. To use DHCP with the recommended default addresses, please follow the
instructions step by step:
1. Start the FSG and wait until it boots. The LED ring lights up once the boot process is
complete. (This may take up to 30 seconds.) Connect all computers to the LAN port
on the FSG.
2. Open the Network Control Panel on each of the attached computers and go to the
'Configuration' tab.
3. Select TCT/IP->(your Ethernet adapter) from the list of network components and
click 'Properties'.
4. Go to 'Obtain an IP address automatically' on the IP Address tab.
5. Open the 'Gateway' tab.
6. If any Gateways are listed, delete them.
7. Click 'OK'.
8. Restart your computer. Repeat steps 2 - 8 on each computer in your network.
Selecting the type of Internet access
1. Click the 'Start' button on the Windows taskbar, go to 'Settings' and then click
'Control Panel'.
2. Double-click the 'Internet Options' icon.
3. Select 'I want to set up my Internet connection manually' or 'I want to connect
through a Local Area Network' and click 'Next' to continue.
4. Select 'I want to connect through a Local Area Network' and then click 'Next' to
continue.
5. Uncheck all boxes on the LAN Internet Configuration screen and then click 'Next'.
6. Follow all the instructions provided by the Wizard.
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Appendix
Check the TCP/IP properties.
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OnceyourPChasbeenconfiguredandrestarted, youcanchecktheTCP/IPconfiguration
using the utility program winipcfg.exe:
1. Click 'Start' in the Windows taskbar and then press 'Run'.
2. Enter 'winipcfg' and then click 'OK'. The program winipcfg lists among other things
your IP address, subnet mask and standard Gateway.
3. Choose your Ethernet adapter from the drop-down menu. The window is refreshed
and shows your settings. These should look like this if you are using the default
settings for TCP/IP recommended by Freecom:
4. The IP is between 192.168.1.2 and 192.168.1.254.
5. The subnet mask is 255.255.255.0.
6. The standard Gateway is 192.168.1.1.
Configuring Windows XP, NT or 2000 to work with the FSG
To use your network and FSG, you may need to manually install TCP/IP and configure it
on every computer in the network. Have your Windows CD at hand before you begin as
you may need it when installing TCP/IP.
Installing or scanning Windows
Network components
You need to make sure that an Ethernet adapter (NIC), the TCP/IP protocol and the Client
for Microsoft Networks are installed. You do not need to remove any of the other
components displayed in the Network Components window. If you need to install the
adapter, please refer to the instruction manual that came with the adapter on how to
install the device. To install or scan for the other components:
1. Click the 'Start' button on the Windows taskbar, go to 'Settings' and then click
'Control Panel'.
2. Double-click the Network icon and Dial-up Connection (these may also be called
Network Connections or Connect Using on the Mac).
3. If your computer has an Ethernet adapter, you should see an entry for a Local Area
Connection. Double-click this entry and open the 'Properties' tab.
4. Open the 'General' tab.
5. Check to make sure that 'Client for Microsoft ´Networks' and 'Internet Protocol (TCP/
IP)' are displayed on this screen. If they are not, go to 'Install' and add them.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
6. Select 'Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), click 'Properties' and check to make sure that
'Obtain an IP address automatically' is enabled.
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7. Click 'OK' and close all windows for network and dial-up connections.
8. Make sure that the computer is connected to the FSG and check the TCP/IP proper-
ties (see below). If you notice any problems, you can restart the computer.
Check the TCP/IP properties.
To check the computer's TCP/IP configuration:
1. Click 'Start' in the Windows taskbar and then press 'Run'. The 'Run' screen opens.
2. Enter 'cmd' and then click 'OK'. A command window appears on the screen.
3. Type in ipconfig /all. Your configuration details are displayed and should be as
follows if you are using the default settings for TCP/IP recommended by Freecom:
4. The IP is between 192.168.1.2 and 192.168.1.254.
5. The subnet mask is 255.255.255.0.
6. The standard Gateway is 192.168.1.1.
7. Type in exit.
MacOS 8.6 or 9.x
With Macintosh OS 7 and higher, TCP/IP comes preinstalled on the Macintosh. To use
DHCP, you need to configure TCP/IP on each Macintosh in the network.
1. Open Apple's 'System Preferences' and hit 'TCP/IP'. System Preferences TCP/IP opens:
2. In the 'Connect via' field, select the Macintosh Ethernet interface.
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Appendix
3. Select 'Use a DHCP server' in the 'Configure' field. You may leave the DHCPClient ID
field blank.
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4. Close System Preferences-TCP/IP.
5. Repeat these steps on each Macintosh in your network.
MacOS X
With Macintosh OS 7 and higher, TCP/IP comes preinstalled on the Macintosh. To use
DHCP, you need to configure TCP/IP on each Macintosh in the network.
1. Open 'System Preferences' and then 'Network'.
2. If it has not already been selected, click 'Built-in Ethernet' from the configuration list.
3. If this has not been selected, click 'Use DHCP' on the TCP/IP tab.
4. Hit 'Save'.
Check the TCP/IP properties (Macintosh).
Once your Macintosh has been configured and restarted, you can check the TCP/IP
configuration by once again opening TCP/IP System Preferences. Open Apple's 'System
Preferences' and hit 'TCP/IP'.
The overview is refreshed and shows your settings. These should look like this if you are
using the default settings for TCP/IP recommended by Freecom:
1. The IP is between 192.168.1.2 and 192.168.1.254.
2. The subnet mask is 255.255.255.0.
3. The router address is 192.168.1.1.
If different values are displayed, restart your Mac. It may be the case that you need to
enable another option in the 'Configuration' settings and then return to 'Use a DHCP
server'.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
Accessing the Internet
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If you do not have an Internet account, but still need to access the Internet, you have to
sign an agreement for a Single User Internet Access account with an Internet service
provider. You may use either DSL or cable DSL. You will require a separate modem based
on the type of Internet account you have. These modems are used to access the internet
and are usually provider by your ISP. You can then connect the WAN port on the FSG
directly to a modem. To install the FSG, you need certain information from your ISP.
Please make sure you have this information available to you. This user's manual provides
detailed instructions on how to configure an Internet account on the FSG.
Information on the Internet configuration
Your ISP will supply you with details on TCP/IP configuration (such as IP address, subnet
mask and standard Gateway) for a Single User Internet Account as well as information on
VPI and VCI multiplexing. Your ISP will provide you with other login data such as the
username and password should you require a PPoE or PPPoA protocol. In most accounts,
the lion's share of configuration data is obtained dynamically when the computer is
booted the first time while connecting to the ISP. You therefore do not need to know this
dynamic data.
FSG acts as a single computer in order to enable multiple computers to use the Internet
connection at the same time, your . At this stage, you need to configure it by adding the
TCP/IP data typically required by each of the computers. If WAN port on the FSG is
connected to the modem, the FSG is recognized by the ISP as one single computer. The
gateway allows the computers in the local area network to access the Internet through
the broadband modem using a Single User Account. The method used to access the FSG
is referred to as Network Address Translation (NAT), or IP masquerading.
Login protocols
Some ISPs require a special login protocol, where you are required to enter a login name
and password to access the Internet. If you already log on to your Internet account using
a program such as WinPOET or EnterNet, your account will use PPP via the Ethernet
(PPPoE). When configuring your FSG, you have to enter your login name and password
in the configuration window. Once you have configured your network and FSG, the FSG
automatically logs in for you (where required) and you therefore no longer need to sign
in from your computer. You do not need to uninstall the login program.
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Appendix
Account data
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If the values are not obtained dynamically from the ISP, you should provide your ISP
with the following basic information on your account:
1. An IP address and subnet mask
2. A gateway IP address (the address of the ISP router)
3. One or more Domain Name Server (DNS) IP addresses
4. Host name and domain suffix
The full server name for your account could look something like this: mail.xxx.yyy.com.
(In this example, the domain suffix is xxx.yyy.com.= If any of this information is obtained
from your ISP dynamically, your gateway receives it automatically. If a service technician
from the ISP configured your computer while installing the broadband modem or if you
have configured it following the instructions provided by your ISP, you will need to copy
the configuration data from the 'Properties' window of the Network TCP/IP on your
computer (or the TCP/IP System Preferences on your Macintosh) before reconfiguring
your computer for use with the FSG. This process is described below.
Locating the ISP configuration data (Windows)
If your computer was connected directly to the modem for accessing the Internet, you
mayhavetoobtaintheconfigurationdatafromyourcomputerforuseinconfiguringthe
FSG. If your ISP has supplied this information in print-out form or if it obtains the
configuration data dynamically, you will not require this information. To obtain the
information needed to configure the FSG for Internet access:
1. Click the 'Start' button on the Windows taskbar, go to 'Settings' and then click
'Control Panel'.
2. Double-click the Network icon. The 'Network' form appears on the screen with a list
of installed components.
3. Select 'TCP/IP and then click 'Properties'. The 'TCP/IP' dialog window opens.
4. Open the 'IP Address' tab. If both an IP address and subnet mask are displayed, write
this information down on a piece of paper. Now click 'Obtain an IP address automati-
cally'. If no address is provided, your account will use an IP address obtained
dynamically and you will not require any additional information. Close the window
and continue with the installation of your computer and FSG.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
5. Open the 'Gateway' tab. If an IP address is shown under 'Installed Gateways', write
this down. This is the IP's gateway address. Select an address and click 'Remove' to
delete the gateway address.
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6. Open the 'DNS Configuration' tab. If several DNS server addresses are displayed,
write these down. If any information is shown in 'Host' or 'Domain' information fields,
you should also jot this down. Click 'Disable DNS'.
7. Click 'OK' to save your settings and close the 'TCP/IP Properties' window. You now
return back to the 'Network' window.
8. Click 'OK'.
Obtaining the ISP configuration data (Macintosh)
If your computer was connected directly to the modem in order to access the Internet,
you may have to get the configuration data from your computer for use in configuring
the FSG. If your ISP has supplied this information in print-out form or if it obtains the
configuration data dynamically, you will not require this information. To obtain the
information needed to configure the Gateway to access the Internet:
1. Open Apple's 'System Preferences' and hit 'TCP/IP'. System Preferences - 'TCP/IP'
opens and displays a list of configuration settings. If 'Configure' is set to 'Use a DHCP
server', your account uses an IP addressed obtained dynamically and you do not
require any additional information. Please close the window and proceed with the
installation of your computer and FSG.
2. If both an IP address and a subnet mask are displayed, write this information down
on a piece of paper.
3. If an IP address is shown under 'Router Address', write this down. This is the IP's
gateway address.
4. Ifseveralnameserveraddressesaredisplayed, writethesedown. TheseareyourISP's
DNS addresses.
5. If any information is displayed in the 'Domain Search' information field, you should
also jot this down.
6. Change settings under 'Configure' to 'Use a DHCP server'.
7. Close TCP/IP-System Preferences.
Restart the network.
Once your computer is configured to work with the FSG, you need to reset the network
so that the devices can properly communicate with each other.
1. Turn off the FSG if it is on. Turn it back on and wait until it has rebooted. (This may take
up to 30 seconds.)
2. Restart all computers attached to the FSG.
Ready to configure
Once all computers are set to TCP/IP network mode and connected to the local area
120network of your FSG, you can access the FSG and configure it.
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Appendix
Appendix C: Networks and Routing Basics
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This chapter provides an overview of IP networks, routing, and firewalls. This is by no
means a complete overview! If you are looking for more information, you can use your
favorite search engine to find information on the internet about the internet. Suffice to
say, there is plenty.
Basic Router Concepts
Eventhoughtheamountofbandwidthinyourlocalareanetwork(LAN)canbeprovidedeasily
andrelativelyinexpensively,thepriceoftheconnectiontotheinternetismuchhigher.Because
ofthisexpense,Internetaccessisusuallyprovidedbyaslower-speedwide-areanetwork(WAN)
link such as a cable or DSL modem. To use this WAN link efficiently, a mechanism must be in
placeforselectingandtransmittingonlythedatatrafficmeantfortheInternet. Thefunctionof
selecting and forwarding this data is performed by a router.
What is a Router?
A router splits the information meant for your network and meant for other networks, so
theavailablebandwidthisusedefficiently. Theroutersendsdatabasedonnetworklayer
information in the data and on routing tables maintained by the router. The routing
tables are built by gathering and exchanging information with other routers in the
network. The router builds up a logical picture of the overall network. Using this
information, the router chooses the best path for forwarding network traffic. Routers
vary in performance and scale, number of routing protocols supported, and types of
physical WAN connection they support.
Routing Information Protocol
One of the protocols used by a router to build and maintain a picture of the network is
the Routing Information Protocol (RIP). Using RIP, routers periodically update one
another and check for changes to add to the routing table.
IP Addresses and the Internet
For a computer to communicate with other computers and Web servers on the Internet,
itmusthaveauniqueIPaddress. AnIPaddress(IPstandsforInternetProtocol)isaunique
number that identifies the location of your computer on a network.
Basically, it works like your street address — as a way to find out exactly where you are
and deliver information to you. The IP address is written as 4 numbers between 0 and
255, such as "192.168.0.12".
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
This serves the same basic function as a street address. It helps you find out where you
currently are, while also providing other information. The IP address consists of four
numbers between 0 and 255 (e.g., 192.168.0.12).
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Domain Name Server
The computer address is difficult to read, which is why a second system is used in the
Internet by the name of DNS (Domain Name Server). This translates human-readable
names suchaswww.sharemydisk.comintocomputerreadablenameslike82.161.11.206.
Each Internet user must have an IP address. You do not need the human-readable name,
but it is quite useful if you want other users to find you. A few examples of this include:
if you operate a web server or if you want to show your friends images stored on your
computer. Many large companies such as ISPs maintain their own DNS server and let
their customers use the server to search for addresses.
Internet address classes
The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) allocates certain blocks of addresses to
organizations. Individual users or small organizations can obtain their addresses either
fromtheIANAorfromanInternetserviceprovider(ISP). YoucanvisittheIANAhomepage
at www.iana.org. The IANA issues different class of IP addresses. There are five standard
classes of IP addresses. They are:
Class A
ClassAaddressescanhaveupto16,777,214hostsonasinglenetwork. Theyuseaneight-
bit network number and a 24-bit node number. Class A addresses are in this range: 1.x.x.x
to 126.x.x.x.
Class B
Class B addresses can have up to 65,354 hosts on a network. A Class B address uses a 16-
bit network number and a 16-bit node number. Class B addresses are in this range:
128.1.x.x to 191.254.x.x.
Class C
Class C addresses may have up to 254 hosts in one network. Class C addresses use 24 bits
fornetworkaddressesandeightbitsfornodes.Theyrangefrom192.0.1xto223.255.254.x.
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Appendix
Class D
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Class D addresses are used for multicasts, in other word messages sent to multiple hosts.
Class D addresses range from 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255.
Class E
Class E addresses are for experimental purposes. For each unique value in the network
portion of the address, the range base address (the host address contains only zeroes)
is known as the network address and is not usually assigned to a host. The top address
of the range (host address contains only ones) is unassigned. It is instead used as the
broadcast address for sending a data packet to all hosts with the same network address
simultaneously.
Netmask
The partition scheme that separates the different address classes is used to identify a
netmask attached to the IP address. A netmask is a 32-bit quantity that, in logical
combination(usinganANDoperator)withanIPaddress, formsthenetworkaddress. The
netmasks for Class A, B and C are for instance 255.0.0.0, 255.255.0.0 and 255.255.255.0.
The address 192.168.170.237 is a Class C IP address; its network portion is 192.168.170.
Combining it with the Class C netmask using an AND operator as shown in this example
leaves only the network portion of the address:
11000000 10101000 10101010 11101101 (192.168.170.237)
combined with:
11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000 (255.255.255.0)
resulting in:
11000000 10101000 10101010 00000000 (192.168.170.0)
An alternative to dotted decimal representation is to express the netmask as the
quantity of ones from left to right. This number is added to the IP address after a slash (/
) as '/n'. In this example, the address 192.168.170.237/24 could be written. This indicates
that the netmask is 24 ones followed by eight zeroes.
Subnet Addressing
You can see that even with a Class C address, there are a large number of hosts per
network. It would be a very inefficient use of the amount of IP addresses to supply every
LAN with so many IP addresses. A smaller office LANs does not have that many devices.
A more efficient technique is known as subnet addressing.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
Subnet addressing allows us to split one IP network address into smaller multiple
physical networks known as subnetworks. Some of the node numbers are used as a
subnet number instead. A Class B address gives us 16 bits of node numbers translating
to 64,000 nodes. Most organizations do not use 64,000 nodes, so there are free bits that
can be reassigned. Subnet addressing makes use of those bits that are free.
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A Class B address can be effectively translated into multiple Class C addresses. For
example, the IP address of 172.16.97.235 would be interpreted as IP network address
172.16, subnet number 97, and node number 235. In addition to extending the number
of addresses available, subnet addressing provides other benefits. Subnet addressing
allows a network manager to construct an address scheme for the network by using
different subnets for other geographical locations in the network or for other depart-
ments in the organization.
Although the preceding example uses the entire third octet for a subnet address, note
that you are not restricted to octet boundaries in subnetting. To create more network
numbers, you only need to shift some bits from the host address to the network address.
For instance, to partition a Class C network number (192.68.135.0) into two, you shift one
bit from the host address to the network address. The new netmask (or subnet mask) is
255.255.255.128. The first subnet has network number 192.68.135.0 with hosts
192.68.135.1 to 129.68.135.126, and the second subnet has network number
192.68.135.128 with hosts 192.68.135.129 to 192.68.135.254.
Attention: The number 192.68.135.127 is not assigned because it is the
broadcast address of the first subnet. The number 192.68.135.128 is not
assigned because it is the network address of the second subnet.
Freecom strongly recommends that you configure all hosts on a LAN segment to use the
same netmask for the following reasons:
•
•
So that hosts recognize local IP broadcast packets
When a device broadcasts to its segment neighbors, it uses a destination address of
the local network address with all ones for the host address. In order for this scheme
to work, all devices on the segment must agree on which bits comprise the host
address.
•
So that a local router or bridge recognizes which addresses are local and which are
remote Private IP Addresses
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Appendix
If your local network is not connected to the Internet (for example, when using NAT), you
can assign any IP addresses to your computers without problems. But to prevent
problems and ease configuration, the IANA has reserved the following three blocks of IP
addresses specifically for private networks:
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10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255
172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255
192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255
We recommend that you choose your private network number from this range. The
DHCP server of the FSG is preconfigured to automatically assign private addresses.
For more information about address assignment, refer to RFC 1597, Address Allocation
for Private Internets, and RFC 1466, Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space. The
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) publishes RFCs on its Web site at www.ietf.org.
The IP address shortage
TheInternethasgrownlargerthananyoneeverimagineditcouldbe. Althoughtheexact
size is unknown, the current estimate is that there are about 100 million hosts and more
than 350 million users actively on the Internet. In fact, the rate of growth has been such
that the Internet is effectively doubling in size each year.
When IP addressing first came out, everyone thought that there were plenty of ad-
dresses to cover any need. Theoretically, you could have 4,294,967,296 unique ad-
dresses. The actual number of available addresses is smaller (somewhere between 3.2
and 3.3 billion) because of the way that the addresses are separated into classes, and
because some addresses are set aside for multicasting, testing or other special uses.
With the explosion of the Internet and the increase in home networks and business
networks, the number of available IP addresses is simply not enough. The obvious
solution is to redesign the address format to allow for more possible addresses. This is
being developed (called IPv6), but will take many years to implement because it requires
modification of the entire infrastructure of the Internet.
There are 2 systems in place now to help bring down the shortage of IP addresses.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
DHCP
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First, most users today have a dynamically given IP address or DHCP address from their
provider. This means that the IP address given to you can change over time. This allows
the provider to use the IP address for more then one person or device, since people are
often online at different times. Optimal usage of IP addresses is guaranteed.
Your FSG gives its internal addresses to your computers in the same way. For the DNS
(Domain Name System) it is difficult to translate your domain name
"www.yourname.sharemydisk.com" to your IP address if your IP address keeps chang-
ing.
The system needs to be updated each time your IP address changes. Hence Dynamic
DNS (DDNS) programs. These programs check the latest IP address and update the DNS
system accordingly.
Multiple internal but only one external IP address
A second way to overcome this is to have a single device act on behalf of several other
devices. Routers are typical examples. You have several PCs connect to the router, but
only the router to the Internet. From an internet perspective, there is only one address.
This scheme offers the additional benefit of simple firewall-like protection because the
internal LAN addresses are not available to the Internet through the translated connec-
tion. All incoming inquiries are filtered out by the router. This filtering can prevent
intruders from probing your system. However, using port forwarding, you can allow one
PC (for example, a Web server) on your local network to be accessible to outside users.
This works like a receptionist at a large office. Nobody knows your number; they all call
the main number of the office and are then forwarded by the receptionist to you.
So how does the receptionist know what number to forward the call too? The caller tells
the receptionist what name to look for and the receptionist has a listof names and
numbersatherdisposalsoshecantranslatethenametothephoneextensionsheneeds.
On the Internet, it works exactly the same. NAT (RFC 1631) or Network Address Transla-
tion allows a single device, such as a router, to act as an agent between the Internet (or
"public network") and a local (or "private") network. This means that only a single, unique
IP address is required to represent an entire group of computers.
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Appendix
Network Address Translation
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When you visit a website via your computer, your router, or more specifically your NAT,
remembers which computer on the internal network asked for the information. When
the information (in this case the website you asked for) comes back, the router knows
which computer on the internal network to send the information to. This is Network
Address Translation or NAT.
Developed by Cisco, Network Address Translation is used by a device (firewall, router or
computer) that sits between an internal network and the rest of the world. For more
information about IP address translation, refer to RFC 1631, The IP Network Address
Translator (NAT).
Hosting a server
What If I want to host a server?
For others to be able to view your pictures on your computer, you need to run some type
of service or server. A web server such as apache will allow others to securely watch the
pictures or files on your site. But how does the NAT of your router know this time to which
computer to forward the information?
Since the request comes from the internet, most routers are setup to disallow any traffic
going into the internal network. (Firewall protection) In this case, since we want people
to be able to see our pictures, we want the router to forward this information. We have
to tell the router to do this.
Someone calling from the internet asks your router for a certain "port". This is the same
as someone calling the receptionist and requesting a certain person by name. Ports are
displayed as numbers but invariably map to pre described services. For instance, when
someone requests a web page, they always ask for the service on port 80, the web server.
Through NAT, it is possible to "map" a certain request for a service (a request for a port)
to a certain PC on the internal network.
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Freecom Storage Gateway (FSG)
MAC Addresses and Address Resolution Protocol
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An IP address alone cannot be used to deliver data from one LAN device to another. To
send data between LAN devices, you must convert the IP address of the destination
device to its media access control (MAC) address. Each device on an Ethernet network
has a unique MAC address, which is a 48-bit number assigned to each device by the
manufacturer. The technique that associates the IP address with a MAC address is known
as address resolution. Internet Protocol uses the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) to
resolve MAC addresses. If a device sends data to another station on the network and the
destination MAC address is not yet recorded, ARP is used. An ARP request is broadcast
onto the network. All stations on the network receive and read the request. The
destination IP address for the chosen station is included as part of the message so that
only the station with this IP address responds to the ARP request. All other stations
discard the request.
The station with the correct IP address responds with its own MAC address directly to the
sending device. The receiving station provides the transmitting station with the re-
quired destination MAC address. The IP address data and MAC address data for each
station are held in an ARP table. The next time data is sent, the address can be obtained
from the address information in the table.
Ethernet Cabling
There are two different types of cabling for Ethernet networks. Originally they used thick
or thin coaxial cable, but most installations currently use unshielded twisted pair (UTP)
cabling. The UTP cable contains eight conductors, arranged in four twisted pairs, and
terminated with an RJ45 type connector. There are 2 types of RJ-45 cables available
today, the Media Dependent Interface (MDI) cable and the Media Dependent Interface
- Crossover (MDI-X) cable. The first cable is used to connect routers to PCs and the second
to connect PCs directly to PCs. The sent and receive wires are switched from beginning
to end in the crossover cables. Some Ethernet switch products, such as the FSG, are able
to sense the polarity of a connection and automatically adapt to the proper cabling type.
Cable Quality
A twisted pair Ethernet network operating at 10 Mbits/second (10BASE-T) will often
tolerate low quality cables, but at 100 Mbits/second (10BASE-Tx) the cable must be rated
as Category 5, or "Cat 5", by the Electronic Industry Association (EIA). This rating will be
printed on the cable jacket. A Category 5 cable will meet specified requirements
regarding loss and crosstalk. In addition, there are restrictions on maximum cable length
for both 10 and 100 Mbits/second networks.
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WARRANTY (valid in Europe/Turkey only):
We thank you for purchasing this Freecom product and hope you will enjoy using it.
In order to avoid unnecessary inconvenience on your part, we suggest reading the quick install guide,
instruction manual and any additional electronic and or printed manuals. When problems occur we
have a database with Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) on our Freecom website (www.freecom.com),
please check this site before you contact the helpdesk.
Your Guarantee
All Freecom products come with unlimited technical phone and web support. By this Guarantee, Freecom
warrants their products to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period listed below
from the date of its original purchase. If during this period of guarantee the product proves defective
due to improper materials or workmanship, Freecom will, without charge for labour or parts, at its
sole discretion, repair or replace the product or its defective parts upon the terms and conditions set
out below.
Conditions
This guarantee will be granted only when the original invoice or sales receipt (indicating the date of
purchase, product and serial number) is presented together with the defective product and a Freecom
RMA number received from the Freecom Website or given by a Freecom Service Center. Freecom
reserves the right to refuse the free-of-charge guarantee services when the date of purchase of the
product cannot be proven. This guarantee will not apply if the RMA number is missing, the serial
number on the product has been altered, removed or made illegible.
This guarantee covers only the hardware components packaged with the product. This guarantee
covers none of the following: (a) any consumable supplied with the product, such as media or batter-
ies; (b) damage to or loss of any software programs, data or removable storage media; (c) any damage
resulting from adaptations, changes or adjustments, which may have been made to the product,
without the prior written consent of Freecom; (d) attempted repair by any party other than autho-
rized by Freecom and (e) accidents, lightning, water, fire or any other such cause beyond the reason-
able control of Freecom.
With respect to all services provided, Freecom is not responsible for any damage to or loss of any
programs, data or other information stored on any media or any part of any product serviced. Freecom
is not liable for the consequence of business loss in case of system failure. Be sure to exclude all parts
not covered by this guarantee prior to returning the product to Freecom. Freecom is not liable for any
loss or damage to these items. If during the repair of the product the contents of the hard drive are
altered, deleted or in any way modified, Freecom is not liable whatsoever.
Repair parts and replacement products will be provided on an exchange basis and will be either new,
equivalent to new or reconditioned. All replaced parts and products become the property of Freecom
The period of guarantee for any product or part repaired or replaced in warranty shall be the balance
of the original guarantee. Repairs or replacements on product or parts out of warranty carry 6 (six)
months guarantee.
All Freecom products come with unlimited free technical phone and web support.
Freecom Product
Classic & Internal Series
FS & FX Series
FHD Series
FSG-xxx
MediaPlayer-xxx
DVB-T / USB Stick
USB Floppy Disk Drive
USBCard (Pro)
USB 2.0 CardReader
DAT & LTO Drives (retail)
DAT-S Kits
Warranty period
1 year (Two years in Europe)
1 year (Two years in Europe)
1 year (Two years in Europe)
1 year (Two years in Europe)
1 year (Two years in Europe)
1 year (Two years in Europe)
1 year (Two years in Europe)
1 year (Two years in Europe)
1 year (Two years in Europe)
3 years
2 years
(GB)
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