Fluke Thermometer 1594A User Manual

1594A/1595A

Super-Thermometer

Technical Guide

159X____tgeng0000

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Table of Contents

Befor e Y o u Start .................................................................................... 1

1.1 Symbols Used............................................................................................................1

1.2 Safety Informatio n ......................................................................................................1

1.2.1 WARNINGS .......................................................................................................................1

1.2.2 CAUTIONS ........................................................................................................................2

1.3 Authorized Service Center s .......................................................................................2

Introduction and Speciﬁcations .......................................................... 5

2.1 Introduction................................................................................................................5

2.2 Speciﬁcations ............................................................................................................5

2.2.1 General..............................................................................................................................5

2.2.2 Primary Speciﬁcations.......................................................................................................6

Resistance Ratio Accuracy.......................................................................................................6

Resistor Stability .......................................................................................................................6

Absolute Resistance Accuracy.................................................................................................7

Measurement Current Accuracy...............................................................................................7

2.2.3 Ancillary Speciﬁcation s .....................................................................................................8

2.2.3.1

T e mperature Measurement Noise.............................................................................................8

2.2.3.2

Relative Measurement Current Accuracy.................................................................................8

2.2.4 General Speciﬁcation s ......................................................................................................9

2.2.5 Applying the Speciﬁcations ..............................................................................................9

Introduction...............................................................................................................................9

How the Super-Thermometer Measure s ...................................................................................9

Example 1: Measuring an SPRT .............................................................................................10

Example 2: Calibrating an SPRT.............................................................................................12

Example 4: Measuring a 100 Ω PRT.......................................................................................13

Example 5: Measuring a 10 kΩ Thermistor ............................................................................14

Preparation for Operation................................................................... 15

3.1 Unpacking and Inspection ......................................................................................15

3.2 Instruction Manuals..................................................................................................15

3.3 Line Voltage and Fuses ...........................................................................................15

3.4 Connecting to Line Power........................................................................................16

3.5 Placement and Rack Mounting................................................................................16

Front and Rear Panel Features .......................................................... 17

4.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................17

4.2 Front Panel Feature s ................................................................................................17

4.2.1 Measurement Inputs .......................................................................................................17

4.2.2 USB Connection..............................................................................................................17

4.2.3 Front Panel Keys .............................................................................................................18

4.2.3.1

Front Panel Display.................................................................................................................19

4.3 Rear Panel Features ................................................................................................20

4.3.3.1

External Resistor Inputs..........................................................................................................20

4.3.1 Scanner Connection........................................................................................................20

4.3.2 Future Peripheral Connection .........................................................................................21

4.3.3 Remote Operation Connections......................................................................................21

4.3.4 Line Voltage Connection .................................................................................................22

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4.3.5 Earth Ground Connection ...............................................................................................22

Menus and Screens ............................................................................ 23

5.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................23

5.2 Changing Settings ...................................................................................................23

5.3 Password Protectio n ................................................................................................24

5.4 Menu Navigation......................................................................................................24

5.5 Menu System ...........................................................................................................24

5.6 Measurement Screen...............................................................................................25

5.6.1 Channel Measurement Displa y .......................................................................................26

5.6.2 Channel Summary Section..............................................................................................26

5.6.3 Statistics Fields ...............................................................................................................27

5.6.4 Data/Graph Section.........................................................................................................27

5.6.5 Status and Alert Section..................................................................................................27

5.6.6 S T A RT/STOP MEASUREMENT (F1) ................................................................................28

5.6.7 SHOW T A BLE/GRAPH (F2 ).............................................................................................28

5.6.8 RESET S T A T ISTICS (F3 )..................................................................................................28

5.6.9 CLEAR GRAPH/CLEAR MESSAGE (F4) .........................................................................28

5.6.10 S T A RT/STOP RECORD (F5) ...........................................................................................28

5.7 Main Menu ...............................................................................................................28

5.7.1 CHANNEL SETUP (F1)....................................................................................................29

5.7.1.1

ASSIGN PROBE (F1) ..............................................................................................................29

5.7.1.2

CHANNEL SETTINGS (F2)......................................................................................................30

5.7.2 PROBE MENU (F2)..........................................................................................................34

ADD PROBE (F1) ...................................................................................................................34

COPY PROBE (F2)..................................................................................................................36

EDIT PROBE (F3)....................................................................................................................36

READ PROBE (F4 )..................................................................................................................37

MANAGE PROBES (F5) .........................................................................................................37

5.7.3 MEASURE MENU (F3).....................................................................................................38

SCAN SETTINGS (F1).............................................................................................................39

TIMING SETTINGS (F2 )..........................................................................................................39

DIGI T A L FI L T ER (F3)...............................................................................................................41

RECORDING MENU (F4)........................................................................................................41

ZERO-POWER MEASUREMENT (F5 ).....................................................................................43

5.7.4 DISPLAY MENU (F4) .......................................................................................................46

USER SETTINGS (F1 ).............................................................................................................47

FIELD SETTINGS (F2) ............................................................................................................48

S T A T ISTICS SETTINGS (F3)....................................................................................................49

GRAPH SETTINGS (F4 )..........................................................................................................49

TEMPER A T URE UNIT (F5 )......................................................................................................50

5.7.5 SYSTEM MENU (F5)........................................................................................................50

5.7.5.1

5.7.5.2

5.7.5.3

TIME D A T E (F1) ......................................................................................................................50

REMOTE INTERFACE (F2)......................................................................................................51

CONFIG (F3)...........................................................................................................................52

5.7.6 RECALL CONFIG (F2).....................................................................................................53

5.7.7 DELETE CONFIG (F3 ).....................................................................................................54

5.7.7.1

PASSWORD (F4).....................................................................................................................54

5.7.7.2

CALIBR A T ION (F5) .................................................................................................................55

Getting Starte d .................................................................................... 57

6.1 Powering on the Super-Thermomete r ......................................................................57

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6.2 User Settings Scree n ...............................................................................................57

6.3 Connecting a Probe or Resistor...............................................................................58

Making Measurements ....................................................................... 61

7.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................61

7.2 Measuring a T e mperature Probe .............................................................................61

7.3 Scanning Multiple T e mperature Probes...................................................................62

7.4 Measuring Resistance Rati o ....................................................................................62

7.5 Conﬁguring an External Reference Resistor............................................................62

7.6 Making A Zero-Power Measurement .......................................................................63

Remote Operatio n ............................................................................... 65

8.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................65

8.2 Conﬁguring the Network (LAN) Por t ........................................................................65

8.2.1 Hardware Mac Address ..................................................................................................66

8.2.2 Selecting Dynamic Host Conﬁguration Protocol (DHCP)................................................66

8.2.3 Setting a Static Internet Protocol (IP) Address................................................................66

8.2.4 Setting the LAN Gateway Address .................................................................................67

8.2.5 Setting the LAN Subnet Mask .........................................................................................67

8.2.6 Setting the Host Name ....................................................................................................67

8.3 Using the Web Interfac e ..........................................................................................68

8.4 Conﬁguring the USB Port.........................................................................................68

8.5 Conﬁguring the RS-232 Serial Por t ..........................................................................69

8.6 Conﬁguring the IEEE-488 Por t .................................................................................69

8.7 Interface Command s ...............................................................................................70

8.7.1 Command Syntax............................................................................................................70

8.7.2 List of Commands ...........................................................................................................70

8.7.3 Descriptions of Commands.............................................................................................74

8.7.3.1

*CLS........................................................................................................................................74

*ESE <value>..........................................................................................................................74

*ESR ?......................................................................................................................................74

*IDN? ......................................................................................................................................75

*RS T ........................................................................................................................................75

*SRE <value> .........................................................................................................................75

*STB ?......................................................................................................................................76

CAL:D A T E <year>,<month>,<day>.......................................................................................76

CAL:PAR:LIN<n> <value> .....................................................................................................76

CAL:PAR:RES<n> <value> ....................................................................................................76

CAL:PAR:ZERO <value> ........................................................................................................76

CALC<n>:AVER:ALL? ............................................................................................................77

CALC<n>:AVER:AVER ?..........................................................................................................77

CALC[<n>]:AVER:CLE A .........................................................................................................77

CALC:AVER:COUN <value> ..................................................................................................77

CALC<n>:AVER:MAX? ...........................................................................................................78

CALC<n>:AVER:MIN? ............................................................................................................78

CALC<n>:AVER:SDEV?..........................................................................................................78

CALC<n>:AVER:SEM? ...........................................................................................................79

CALC<n>:AVER:SPR ?............................................................................................................79

CALC<n>:AVER:SSIZ? ...........................................................................................................79

CALC:AVER:TCON NORM|MOV.............................................................................................79

CALC:DE L T :CHAN <channel> ...............................................................................................79

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CALC<n>:DE L T :D A T A ?...........................................................................................................80

CALC:DE L T :MODE OFFS|CHAN.............................................................................................80

CALC:DE L T :OFFS <value >.....................................................................................................80

CALC<n>:TYPE TEMP|RES|R A T .............................................................................................80

D A T A :REC:ALL <boolean>.....................................................................................................80

D A T A :REC:FILE <name >........................................................................................................81

D A T A :REC:MEM INT|USB|BOTH.............................................................................................81

D A T A :REC[:S T A T ] <boolean >.................................................................................................81

DISP:ALER:CLEA....................................................................................................................81

DISP:ALER[:READ]?...............................................................................................................81

DISP:D A T E:FORM YMD|DMY|MDY.........................................................................................81

DISP:DEC:FORM PER|COMM ................................................................................................81

DISP:FIEL:FEED<n>? ............................................................................................................81

DISP:FIEL:MEM <n> ..............................................................................................................82

DISP:FIEL:MEM<n1>:FEED<n2> <feed> .............................................................................82

DISP:HELP <boolean> ...........................................................................................................82

DISP:TEMP:DIG <digits>........................................................................................................82

DISP:WARN:DUE <boolean> .................................................................................................82

DISP:WARN:ITS <boolean> ...................................................................................................83

FETC? <channel>...................................................................................................................83

INI T :CONT <boolean >............................................................................................................83

INI T :STOP:BEEP <boolean>...................................................................................................83

INI T :STOP:DUR <value>.........................................................................................................83

INI T :STOP[:S T A T ] <boolean> .................................................................................................84

INI T :STOP:TIME?.....................................................................................................................84

INP<n>:CURR <current> .......................................................................................................84

INP<n>:CURR:D A T A ?.............................................................................................................84

INP<n>:CURR:S T A N <boolean>............................................................................................84

INP:PROB:ADD <id >..............................................................................................................84

INP:PROB:COUN ?..................................................................................................................85

INP:PROB:DEL <id>...............................................................................................................85

INP:PROB:FIRS ?.....................................................................................................................85

INP<n>:PROB:IDEN <id> ......................................................................................................85

INP:PROB:NEXT?....................................................................................................................85

INP:PROB:PAR <id>,<name>,<value>..................................................................................86

INP:PROB:TEST? <id>,<resistance >.....................................................................................87

INP:REAR<n>:RS:IDEN <id>|VAR|NONE...............................................................................87

INP:RS:ADD <id> ...................................................................................................................88

INP:RS:COUN ?.......................................................................................................................88

INP:RS:DEL <id >....................................................................................................................88

INP:RS:FIRS ?..........................................................................................................................88

INP<n>:RS:IDEN <id>|VAR|NON E .........................................................................................88

INP:RS:NEXT?.........................................................................................................................89

INP:RS:OVEN:S T A B? ..............................................................................................................89

INP:RS:PAR <id>,<name>,<value >.......................................................................................89

INP<n>:RS:ROUT <source> ..................................................................................................89

ROU T :CLOS <channel> .........................................................................................................90

ROU T :CLOS:S T A T ? .................................................................................................................90

ROU T :SCAN <channel list>....................................................................................................90

ROU T :SCAN:ADD <channel list> ...........................................................................................91

ROU T :SCAN:A L T <boolean >..................................................................................................91

ROU T :SCAN:DEL <channel list >............................................................................................91

ROU T :SCAN:REF <channel>..................................................................................................91

ROU T :SCAN:REP <value>......................................................................................................91

ROU T :SCAN:S T AT <boolean >................................................................................................92

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SENS:APER[:DISP] <time>.....................................................................................................92

SENS:APER:PRES NORM|PREC|FAST|LONG ........................................................................92

SENS:APER:SAMP <time> .....................................................................................................92

SENS:AVER1[:STAT] <boolean>.............................................................................................92

SENS:AVER2[:STAT] <boolean>.............................................................................................93

SENS:AVER2:COUN <count> ................................................................................................93

SENS:AVER2:CLEA.................................................................................................................93

SENS[<n>][:FRES]:D A T A ?......................................................................................................93

SENS[<n>]:RR A T :D A T A ?.........................................................................................................93

S T AT :OPER ?............................................................................................................................94

S T AT :OPER:COND? ................................................................................................................94

S T AT :OPER:ENAB <value>.....................................................................................................94

S T AT :QUES?............................................................................................................................94

S T AT :QUES:COND? ................................................................................................................94

S T AT :QUES:ENAB <value>.....................................................................................................94

SYS T :BEEP[:IMM] ...................................................................................................................95

SYS T :BEEP:KEY <boolean> ...................................................................................................95

SYS T :BEEP:ALER <boolean >.................................................................................................95

SYS T :CODE:VERS?.................................................................................................................95

SYS T :COMM:GPIB:ADDR <value>.........................................................................................95

8.7.3.100 SYS T :COMM:GPIB[:S T A T ] <boolean>....................................................................................95

8.7.3.101 SYS T :COMM:GPIB:TERM LIN|RET .........................................................................................95

8.7.3.102 SYS T :COMM:SER:BAUD <value> ..........................................................................................95

8.7.3.103 SYS T :COMM:SER:LIN <boolean> ..........................................................................................95

8.7.3.104 SYS T :COMM:SOCK:ADDR <IP address> ..............................................................................95

8.7.3.105 SYS T :COMM:SOCK:CONT OFF|ON|QUER.............................................................................96

8.7.3.106 SYS T :COMM:SOCK:DHCP <boolean>...................................................................................96

8.7.3.107 SYS T :COMM:SOCK:G A T <IP address> .................................................................................96

8.7.3.108 SYS T :COMM:SOCK:KEEP <seconds>...................................................................................96

8.7.3.109 SYS T :COMM:SOCK:MAC?......................................................................................................97

8.7.3.110 SYS T :COMM:SOCK:MASK <IP address> ..............................................................................97

8.7.3.111 SYS T :COMM:SOCK:NAME <name> ......................................................................................97

8.7.3.112 SYS T :COMM:USB[:S T A T ] <boolean >.....................................................................................97

8.7.3.113 SYS T :CONF:CHAN?................................................................................................................97

8.7.3.114 SYS T :CONF:SCAN ?................................................................................................................97

8.7.3.115 SYS T :D A T E <year>,<month>,<day>......................................................................................97

8.7.3.116 SYS T :ERR ?..............................................................................................................................98

8.7.3.117 SYS T :KLOC <boolean> ..........................................................................................................98

8.7.3.118 SYS T :PASS:CDIS.....................................................................................................................98

8.7.3.119 SYS T :PASS:CEN <password >................................................................................................98

8.7.3.120 SYS T :PASS:CEN:STAT ?...........................................................................................................99

8.7.3.121 SYS T :PASS:GROU:MEAS <boolean>.....................................................................................99

8.7.3.122 SYS T :PASS:GROU:PROB <boolean>.....................................................................................99

8.7.3.123 SYS T :PASS:GROU:RES <boolean>........................................................................................99

8.7.3.124 SYS T :PASS:GROU:TIME <boolean> ......................................................................................99

8.7.3.125 SYS T :PASS:NEW <current password>,<new password >......................................................99

8.7.3.126 SYS T :PON:MIN?......................................................................................................................99

8.7.3.127 SYS T :TIME <hour>,<minute>,<second> ...............................................................................99

8.7.3.128 SYS T :TIME:DAYL OFF|NAM|EU R ............................................................................................99

8.7.3.129 TES T :CURR:CONF <channel>,<current>,<polarity>...........................................................100

8.7.3.130 TES T :CURR[:S T A T ] <boolean>.............................................................................................100

8.7.3.131 TES T :LIN:ABOR ....................................................................................................................100

8.7.3.132 TES T :LIN:PAR?......................................................................................................................100

8.7.3.133 TES T :LIN:INIT........................................................................................................................100

8.7.3.134 TES T :LIN:REP<n>?...............................................................................................................101

8.7.3.135 TES T :LIN:REP:TIME?.............................................................................................................101

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8.7.3.136 TES T :LIN[:S T A T ]? ..................................................................................................................101

8.7.3.137 TES T :LIN:TIME? ....................................................................................................................101

8.7.3.138 TES T :LIN:TOL<n>?...............................................................................................................102

8.7.3.139 TES T :SYS T :ABOR..................................................................................................................102

8.7.3.140 TES T :SYS T :INI T .....................................................................................................................102

8.7.3.141 TES T :SYS T :REP[<n>]?..........................................................................................................102

8.7.3.142 TES T :SYS T :S T A T ?..................................................................................................................102

8.7.3.143 UNI T :TEMP C|K|F ..................................................................................................................102

Calibration ......................................................................................... 103

9.1 Introduction............................................................................................................103

9.2 SYSTEM TEST (F1) ................................................................................................103

9.3 CURRENT TEST (F2) .............................................................................................103

9.4 R A T IO CALIBR A T ION (F3 ).....................................................................................104

9.4.1 WRITE FILE (F1 )............................................................................................................106

9.4.2 ADJUST PARAMETERS (F2) .........................................................................................106

9.5 RESIS T A NCE CALIBR A T ION (F4)..........................................................................106

9.5.1 WRITE FILE (F1 )............................................................................................................107

9.5.2 ADJUST RESISTOR (F2) ...............................................................................................108

9.6 CALIBR A T ION PARAMETERS (F5) ........................................................................108

9.6.1 Calibration Interval ........................................................................................................108

9.6.2 Standby Current Check.................................................................................................109

10 Maintenance .......................................................................................1 11

11 Troubleshootin g .................................................................................1 13

Index...........................................................................................................1 15

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Figures

Figure 1 PEM (Power Entry Module).................................................................................16

Figure 2 Front view ...........................................................................................................17

Figure 3 Front Panel Display.............................................................................................19

Figure 4 Rear vie w ............................................................................................................20

Figure 5 External Resistor Inputs......................................................................................20

Figure 6 Power Entry Module...........................................................................................22

Figure 7 Location Descriptor Example .............................................................................23

Figure 8 Alpha-Numeric Interface ....................................................................................23

Figure 9 Measurement Screen..........................................................................................26

Figure 10 Channel Setup Screen......................................................................................29

Figure 11 Probe Menu Scree n ..........................................................................................34

Figure 12 Measure Menu Screen......................................................................................38

Figure 13 Measurement Process Block Diagram .............................................................39

Figure 14 Display Menu Screen........................................................................................46

Figure 15 System Menu Screen........................................................................................50

Figure 16 Input Wiring ......................................................................................................58

Figure 17 Super-Thermometer Web Interface ..................................................................68

Figure 18 Current meter connection diagram.................................................................103

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Tables

T a ble 1 Symbols..................................................................................................................1

T a ble 2 Resistance Ratio Accuracy Speciﬁcations ............................................................6

T a ble 3 Resistor Stability Speciﬁcations .............................................................................7

T a ble 4 Absolute Resistance Accuracy Speciﬁcations ......................................................7

T a ble 5 Measurement Current Accuracy Speciﬁcations.....................................................8

T a ble 6 T e mperature Measurement Noise Speciﬁcations...................................................8

T a ble 7 Relative Measurement Current Speciﬁcation s .......................................................8

T a ble 8 General Speciﬁcation s ...........................................................................................9

T a ble 9 Optional Accessorie s ...........................................................................................15

T a ble 10 Front panel key descriptions..............................................................................18

T a ble 11 Remote Operation Connections.........................................................................21

T a ble 12 Alert Messages ..................................................................................................27

T a ble 13 Recommended Reference Resistor for Various Probe Type s ............................30

T a ble 14 Probe Conversion Information............................................................................35

T a ble 15 Default Statistical Field s .....................................................................................48

T a ble 16 Statistical Field Description s ..............................................................................48

T a ble 17 Recommended Reference Resistors and Sensing Curren t ...............................62

T a ble 18 Remote Operation Ports.....................................................................................65

T a ble 19 Report Operation Command s ............................................................................70

T a ble 20 Recommended Resistors For T e sting The Current ..........................................104

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Before You Start

Safety Information

1 BeforeYou Start

1.1 Symbols Used

Table 1 lists the symbols that may be used on the instrument or in this manual and the meaning of each

symbol.

Table 1 Symbols

Symbol

Description

Symbol

Description

AC (Alternating Current)

PE Ground

AC-DC

Battery

Hot Surface (Burn Hazard)

Read the User’s Guide

(Important Information)

Complies with European Union

directives

Off

Double Insulated

Electric Shock

Standby Indication

Canadian Standards

Association

Fuse

C-TICK Australian EMC mark

The European Waste Electrical

and Electronic Equipment

(WEEE) Directive (2002/96/EC)

mark.

Ground

1.2 Safety Information

This instrument is compliant to EN 61010-1 {2^ndEdition}, and CAN/CSA 22.2 No 61010.1-04, Pollution

Degree 2. This instrument is designed for indoor use only. Use this instrument only as speciﬁed in this manual.

Otherwise, the protection provided by the instrument may be impaired.

The following deﬁnitions apply to the terms “Warning” and “Caution”.

●●

“WARNING” identiﬁes conditions and actions that may pose hazards to the user.

●●

“CAUTION” identiﬁes conditions and actions that may damage the instrument being used.

1.2.1 WARNINGS

●●

DO NOT use this unit in environments other than those listed in the User’s Guide.

Follow all safety guidelines listed in the User’s Guide.

Calibration equipment should only be used by trained personnel.

This instrument can measure extreme temperatures. Precautions must be taken to prevent personal

injury or damage to objects. Probes may be extremely hot or cold. Cautiously handle probes to prevent

personal injury. Carefully place probes on a heat/cold resistant surface or rack until they reach room

temperature.

●●

DO NOT operate near ﬂammable materials.

Use only a grounded AC mains supply of the appropriate voltage to power the instrument.

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Authorized Service Centers

●●

DO NOT connect an AC mains supply that does not match the voltage setting on the back of the unit.

●●

DO NOT use this instrument in combination with any probe ( PRT or thermistor) to measure the

temperature or resistance of any device where the probe might come in contact with a conductor that is

electrically energized. Severe electric shock, personal injury, or death may occur.

DO NOT position this instrument in a manner where it is difﬁcult to reach the power cord or power

entry module mains switch. When rack mounting the instrument, ensure the rack power cord and mains

supply switch are accessible.

1.2.2 CAUTIONS

●●

If the instrument is dropped, struck, or handled in a way that causes internal or external physical

damage, immediately unplug the instrument, discontinue use, and contact a Fluke Authorized Service

Center for repair. Do not attempt to disassemble or repair the instrument. Refer repairs or replacement

of components to a Fluke Authorized Service Center.

●●

DO NOT connect AC voltage to any input terminal on the instrument. Permanent damage to the

instrument will result.

1.3 Authorized Service Centers

Please contact one of the following authorized Service Centers to coordinate service on your Fluke product:

Fluke Corporation

799 E. Utah Valley Drive

American Fork, UT 84003-9775

USA

Phone: +1.801.763.1600

Telefax: +1.801.763.1010

E-mail: support@hartscientiﬁc.com

Fluke Nederland B.V.

Customer Support Services

Science Park Eindhoven 5108

5692 EC Son

NETHERLANDS

Phone: +31-402-675300

Telefax: +31-402-675321

E-mail: ServiceDesk@ﬂuke.nl

Fluke Int’l Corporation

Service Center - Instrimpex

Room 2301 Sciteck Tower

22 Jianguomenwai Dajie

Chao Yang District

Beijing 100004, PRC

CHINA

Phone: +86-10-6-512-3436

Telefax: +86-10-6-512-3437

E-mail: xingye.han@ﬂuke.com.cn

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Before You Start

Authorized Service Centers

Fluke South East Asia Pte Ltd.

Fluke ASEAN Regional Ofﬁce

Service Center

60 Alexandra Terrace #03-16

The Comtech (Lobby D)

118502

SINGAPORE

Phone: +65 6799-5588

Telefax: +65 6799-5588

E-mail: antng@singa.ﬂuke.com

When contacting these Service Centers for support, please have the following information available:

●●

Model Number

●●

Serial Number

●●

Voltage

●●

Complete description of the problem

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Introduction and Speciﬁcations

Speciﬁcations

2 Introduction and Speciﬁcations

2.1 Introduction

The Fluke family of Hart Super-Thermometers long ago established the standard for easy-to-use, precision

temperature measurement instrumentation. Laboratories worldwide have selected the Super-Thermometer

not only for the assurance of achieving high-quality results, but also for the innovative features that increase

productivity in the lab. The Fluke 1594A and 1595A Hart Super-Thermometers continue this legacy adding

new patent pending measurement technology and features that truly are best in class. Below is a summary of

key capabilities and features.

●●

Typical 1595A accuracy 0.2 ppm (0.05 mK), 1594A accuracy 0.8 ppm (0.2 mK)

●●

Sample rates as fast as 1 second

●●

Measures SPRTs, HTPRTs, PRTs, and thermistors

●●

Four input channels on the front panel accept most probe terminations with the patented DWF, gold-

plated, tellurium-copper, quick-connect terminals

●●

Conﬁgurable standby current for each input channel minimizes self-heating transients when scanning

between channels

●●

Two input channels on the back panel, dedicated for external standard resistors, keep the front panel

inputs free for Reference Thermometers or Standard Resistors and UUTs

●●

Channel Select Keys above each input channel change color to indicate whether a channel is actively

measuring, in standby, or inactive—pressing a channel key activates the selected channel

●●

Temperature-controlled internal reference resistors allow for traceable temperature and absolute

resistance measurements in ambient conditions from 15 °C to 30 °C

●●

Patent pending, Ratio Self-Calibration performs a linearity check or calibration of the Super-

Thermometer ratio accuracy without the need of any external equipment

●●

Automated Zero-Power Measurement allows for determination and/or cancellation of a thermometer’s

self-heating error

●●

Updated computer interface with USB control, RS-232, and IEEE-488 included as standard

●●

Ethernet connection allows for remote view of the Super-Thermometer’s display from a web browser

●●

USB memory device on the front panel to accommodate data logging, transfer of probe parameters, and

storage and retrieval of Super-Thermometer user conﬁgurations

●●

VGA output allows the Super-Thermometer’s screen to be displayed on a VGA monitor

●●

Selectable operating language: English, Chinese, Japanese, Spanish, French, German, or Russian

●●

Intuitive User Interface makes the Super-Thermometer easy to conﬁgure and use right out of the box

2.2 Speciﬁcations

2.2.1 General

Current best practices in metrology require uncertainty analyses to be in compliance with the ISO Guide to the

Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (often referred to as the “GUM”). For convenience, the speciﬁca-

tions in this section are listed in k = 2 (95%) coverage and in k = 3 (99%) coverage to allow the user to easily

apply the speciﬁcations in an uncertainty analysis.

The following speciﬁcations apply after the standard warm-up period of 30 minutes. The Super-Thermometer

is designed to measure with accuracy and stability without the need for internal auto-cal or zeroing routines.

To realize the full potential of measurement ability, accepted metrology practices such as the use of proper

wiring should be adhered to. In addition, it is important to ensure that the instrument is correctly set up.

The speciﬁcations are divided into three categories: primary speciﬁcations, ancillary speciﬁcations, and gen-

eral speciﬁcations.

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

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Primary Speciﬁcations: the core set of measurement accuracy speciﬁcations of the Super-Thermometer. They

are guaranteed for performance veriﬁcation at the 99% conﬁdence level.

Ancillary Speciﬁcations: additional speciﬁcations that help the user understand more of the uncertainties

involved in measurement. Since they may be subject to the application and setting in which the Super-Ther-

mometer is used, they are not guaranteed for performance veriﬁcation but should be considered typical.

General speciﬁcations: general speciﬁcations such as measurement range, environmental operating range,

dimensions, etc.

2.2.2 Primary Speciﬁcations

2.2.2.1 Resistance Ratio Accuracy

Resistance ratio accuracy is the ability of the Super-Thermometer to measure the ratio of two resistances, Rx/

Rs. It is determined primarily by the linearity of the measurement circuit. The following speciﬁcations apply

for resistance ratios measured with a reference resistor of 25 Ω or 100 Ω using a measurement current of 0.5

mA to 2.0 mA. Other reference resistors are speciﬁed using a factor as explained in the following speciﬁca-

tion table. Performance veriﬁcation is guaranteed for 99% conﬁdence level speciﬁcations within the speciﬁed

operating temperature range of 15°C to 30°C. The listed uncertainties are in terms of parts-per-million (ppm)

of reading unless stated otherwise.

Table 2 Resistance Ratio Accuracy Speciﬁcations

1594A Accuracy

(ppm of reading)

1595A Accuracy

(ppm of reading)

Ratio Range

95% conﬁdence level, 1-year

0.95 to 1.05

0.24 ppm

0.64 ppm

0.8 ppm

0.06 ppm

0.16 ppm

0.2 ppm

0.5 to 0.95, 1.05 to 2.0

0.25 to 0.5, 2.0 to 4.0

0.0 to 0.25

2.0 x 10^{–07 †}

5.0 x 10^{–8 †}

4.0 to 10.0

2.0 ppm

0.5 ppm

99% conﬁdence level, 1-year

0.95 to 1.05

0.3 ppm

0.8 ppm

1.0 ppm

0.075 ppm

0.2 ppm

0.5 to 0.95, 1.05 to 2.0

0.25 to 0.5, 2.0 to 4.0

0.0 to 0.25

0.25 ppm

6.3 x 10^{–8 †}

0.63 ppm

2.5 x 10^{–7 †}

4.0 to 10.0

2.5 ppm

^†Speciﬁcations are in terms of absolute ratio

All speciﬁcations listed in this table apply when using a 25 W or 100 W

reference resistor. Multiply stated speciﬁcations by a factor of 2 when using a

10 W reference resistor with sensing current between 1 and 5 mA, and a factor

of 10 when using a 1 W reference resistor with sensing current between 5 and

20 mA. When using a 10 kohm reference resistor, internal or external, use the

Absolute Resistance Accuracy speciﬁcation in Table 4.

2.2.2.2 Resistor Stability

Resistor stability characterizes the ability of the instrument to accurately compare two similar resistances

within some time period using the internal resistors as references. The following speciﬁcations apply using the

given reference resistor over a one-minute average. The speciﬁcations assume typical laboratory conditions,

which do not include transportation and large ambient temperature ﬂuctuations.

Resistance stability is determined by the short-term stability of the internal reference resistors and control

stability of the temperature stabilizing block. It does not include measurement noise.

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Speciﬁcations

Table 3 Resistor Stability Speciﬁcations

Resistor (Rs) Accuracy (ppm of reading),

95 % conﬁdence level

24 hours

5 ppm

30 days

10 ppm

2 ppm

1 ppm

1 W

10 W

25 W

100 W

10 kW

0.5 ppm

0.25 ppm

0.2 ppm

0.25 ppm

2.2.2.3 Absolute Resistance Accuracy

Absolute resistance accuracy is the ability of the instrument to measure absolute resistance, Rx, using the

internal reference resistors. The following speciﬁcations apply using the given reference resistor, Rs, and

excitation current.

The 1-year speciﬁcations include calibration uncertainty, reference resistor drift, ambient temperature sensitiv-

ity, resistance ratio uncertainty, and measurement noise using 1-minute average and a 2-second sample period

(n = 30).

Performance veriﬁcation is guaranteed for 99% conﬁdence level, 1-year speciﬁcations within the speciﬁed

operating temperature range of 15°C to 30°C, maintaining a calibration interval of 6 months for the ﬁrst year

and 1 year thereafter.

Table 4 Absolute Resistance Accuracy Speciﬁcations

Resistance range (Rs, current)

95% conﬁdence level, 1-year

0 W to 1.2 W (1 W, 10 mA)

Accuracy (ppm of reading)

Greater of 40 ppm or 0.000012 W

Greater of 10 ppm or 0.000024 W

Greater of 5 ppm or 0.000024 W

Greater of 4 ppm or 0.00008 W

Greater of 5 ppm or 0.000012 kW

8 ppm

0 W to 12 W (10 W, 3 mA)

0 W to 120 W (25 W, 1 mA)

0 W to 400 W (100 W, 1 mA)

0 W to 10 kW (10 kW, 10 mA)

10 kW to 40 kW (10 kW, 10 mA)

40 kW to 100 kW (10 kW, 2 mA)

100 kW to 500 kW (10 kW, 1 mA)

99% conﬁdence level, 1-year

0 W to 1.2 W (1 W, 10 mA)

20 ppm

80 ppm

Greater of 50 ppm or 0.000015 W

Greater of 13 ppm or 0.00003 W

Greater of 6.3 ppm or 0.00003 W

Greater of 5 ppm or 0.0001 W

Greater of 6.3 ppm or 0.000015 kW

10 ppm

0 W to 12 W (10 W, 3 mA)

0 W to 120 W (25 W, 1 mA)

0 W to 400 W (100 W, 1 mA)

0 kW to 10 kW (10 kW, 10 mA)

10 kW to 40 kW (10 kW, 10 mA)

40 kW to 100 kW (10 kW, 2 mA)

100 kW to 500 kW (10 kW, 1 mA)

25 ppm

100 ppm

2.2.2.4 Measurement Current Accuracy

Measurement current accuracy is guaranteed to meet the following speciﬁcations. The speciﬁcations are stated

as percent of selected current or in absolute mA.

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

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Table 5 Measurement Current Accuracy Speciﬁcations

Current Range

Accuracy

99% conﬁdence level, 1-year

0.001 mA to 0.005 mA

0.005 mA to 0.02 mA

0.02 mA to 0.2 mA

0.2 mA to 2 mA

0.00005 mA

1 %

0.5 %

0.2 %

2 mA to 20 mA

0.5 %

2.2.3 Ancillary Speciﬁcations

2.2.3.1 Temperature Measurement Noise

Temperature measurement noise indicates typical measurement noise in temperature measurements. The speci-

ﬁcations below are given for averages taken over a period of 1 minute with a 2-second sample rate. The effect

of noise may be reduced for longer averages or may be greater for shorter averages.

Noise performance is dependent upon many conditions. Some of the most important things to consider are the

type of thermometer, setup, and environmental conditions such as electromagnetic interference.

Due to the subjective nature of measurement noise, it is not a guaranteed speciﬁcation. The speciﬁcations

listed in the table below are obtainable in a typical laboratory environment. It is important that the user make

their own evaluation of measurement noise in the application and environment where the Super-Thermometer

is used.

Table 6 Temperature Measurement Noise Speciﬁcations

Standard Error

Conditions (Rs, Current)

of the Mean, °C

Typical performance

25 W SPRT at 0°C (25 W, 1.0 mA)

25 W SPRT at 420°C (25 W, 1.0 mA)

100 W PRT at 0°C (100 W, 1.0 mA)

100 W PRT at 420°C (100 W, 1.0 mA)

0.00002

0.00006

0.00001

0.00003

10 kW Thermistor at 25°C (10 kW, 10 mA) 0.000003

2.2.3.2 Relative Measurement Current Accuracy

Zero-Power resistance values are calculated based on measurements taken at two levels of excitation current

that differ by a factor of 1.4142. Only the portions of the errors in the currents that are uncorrelated contribute

to error in the zero-power resistance value.

The following speciﬁcations may be used to estimate the contribution of current error in zero-power resistance

measurements.

Table 7 Relative Measurement Current Speciﬁcations

Range

Relative Accuracy, mA

99% conﬁdence level

0.001 mA to 0.1 mA

0.1 mA to 2 mA

2 mA to 20 mA

0.0008

0.003

0.03

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Speciﬁcations

2.2.4 General Speciﬁcations

Table 8 General Speciﬁcations

Warm-up period

30 minutes

Measurement range

Measurement current range

0 W to 500 kW

0.001 mA to 20 mA

Measurement current reversal interval:

Sample period of 1 second or 2 seconds

Sample period of 5 second or 10 seconds

0.2 second

1.2 second

Standby current range

AC power

0.001 mA to 2 mA

100 V to 230 V ( 10 %)

50 or 60 Hz

Fuse Rating

2 A – T – 250 V

15 °C to 30 °C

5 °C to 40 °C

Speciﬁed operating temperature

Absolute operating temperature

Storage temperature

0 °C to 40 °C

Operating relative humidity, 5°C to 30°C

Operating relative humidity, 30°C to 40°C

Storage relative humidity

10 % to 70 %

10 % to 50 %

0 % to 95 %, non-condensing

3000 m

Maximum operating altitude

Dimensions:

Height

Width

Depth (with handles)

Depth (without handles)

Weight

147 mm (5.8 in)

439 mm (17.3 in)

447 mm (17.6 in)

406 mm (16.0 in)

7.3 kg (16.0 lb)

2.2.5 Applying the Speciﬁcations

2.2.5.1 Introduction

The purpose of this section is to help the user apply the speciﬁcations in measurement scenarios for which

the Super-Thermometer was designed. The following uncertainty calculation examples may not include all

uncertainties that are present in a measurement. Be sure to follow current best practices in uncertainty analysis

to correctly calculate measurement uncertainty.

2.2.5.2 How the Super-Thermometer Measures

In order to understand how to apply the speciﬁcations, it is important to know how the Super-Thermometer

measures. The fundamental measurement of the Super-Thermometer is the resistance ratio. It is the ratio

between an unknown resistance (R_x) and a reference resistor (R_s) – either internal or external. If a resistance

measurement is needed, the ratio is multiplied by the value of the reference resistor to calculate the resistance

of the R_xresistor (for more information refer to Measurement Timing in the Menus and Screens section).

If a temperature reading is required, the R_xresistance value is used to calculate the temperature using the cali-

bration coefﬁcients entered into the Probe Library. When ITS-90 is selected as the temperature conversion, the

R_xresistance is divided by the RTPW (resistance at the triple-point of water) value that is entered in the probe

deﬁnition. The resulting value is called W_T90. The probe calibration coefﬁcients and the ITS-90 equations are

then applied to W_T90to calculate the temperature reading of the probe.

Since W_T90is a ratio between a probe’s resistance at temperature (R_T90) and its RTPW, W_T90measurement ac-

curacy relies primarily on ratio accuracy if both R_T90(R_x) andRTPW are measured in close proximity in time.

Also, this only applies if the RTPW was measured by the Super-Thermometer and entered into the probe

deﬁnition.

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

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When calibrating an SPRT on the ITS-90, the W_T90value is measured at required ﬁxed-point temperatures.

This is done by measuring the resistance of the SPRT at a ﬁxed-point temperature followed immediately by

measurement of the RTPW. This is repeated for each temperature point. Once again the ratio accuracy of the

Super-Thermometer, applied to each measured resistance, determines the accuracy of the resulting W_T90value.

2.2.5.3 Example 1: Measuring an SPRT

This section explains how to calculate the uncertainty of a temperature measurement when measuring a

calibrated 25.5 W SPRT at 157 °C, using the internal 25 W reference resistor in a 1595A. Since the Super-

Thermometer measurement accuracy is directly related to other sources of uncertainty, additional uncertainties

will be included in the calculation for completeness.

Since an SPRT can be measured with different techniques, two different calculations will be presented to rep-

resent the most common and recommended techniques.

2.2.5.3.1 Measuring With Updated RTPW

In this example, the RTPW of the SPRT is measured by a 1595A and entered into the SPRT’s probe deﬁnition

in the 1595A. Then the SPRT is measured at 157 °C, in temperature mode, using the coefﬁcients entered in the

SPRT probe deﬁnition.

As explained above, this measurement technique primarily uses the ratio accuracy of the Super-Thermometer.

It is equivalent to measuring the ITS-90 W_T90value and using it to calculate temperature.

The total uncertainty of this measurement is based on six uncorrelated uncertainties. These uncertainties are:

●●

Resistance ratio accuracy of the 1595A at 157 °C

●●

Measurement noise at 157 °C

●●

Resistance ratio accuracy of the 1595A at 0.01 °C (triple-point of water)

●●

Measurement noise at 0.01 °C

●●

Reference resistor drift

●●

Uncertainty of the triple-point of water cell

The following demonstrate how to calculate and combine the listed uncertainties.

2.2.5.3.2 Resistance Ratio Accuracy at 157 °C

The resistance of the SPRT, when measuring at 157 °C, is 41.1 Ω. The ratio of this resistance against the 25

W reference resistor is 1.644. From the resistance ratio accuracy speciﬁcations of the 1595A, the standard

uncertainty (k = 1) when measuring a resistance ratio of 1.644 is 0.08 ppm. This is converted to temperature

by dividing 0.08 ppm by 1.0 × 10⁶and then multiplying by 1.644. The result is then divided by W_T90sensitiv-

ity (dW/dT) at 157 °C which is 0.0038 (found on the SPRT calibration report, see tip below). The ﬁnal result is

0.000035 °C.

2.2.5.3.3 Measurement Noise at 157 °C

Random error due to measurement noise must be included as an uncertainty. During measurement at 157 °C, it

is observed that the standard error of the mean is 0.000040 °C.

Note: The user must monitor measurement noise and use the actual measured measurement noise in the

uncertainty calculations.

2.2.5.3.4 Resistance Ratio Accuracy at 0.01 °C

Uncertainties related to measuring the RTPW of the SPRT must be included in the analysis. However, RTPW

uncertainties are magniﬁed when applied to uncertainties of temperatures that are above 0 °C. At 157 °C this

magniﬁcation is estimated by multiplying RTPW uncertainties by the W_T90value at 157 °C (1.612 in this

example).

The resistance of the SPRT at the triple-point of water is approximately 25.5 Ω. The resistance ratio against the

25 W reference resistor is then about 1.02. From the resistance ratio accuracy speciﬁcations of the 1595A, the

standard uncertainty due to linearity while measuring a resistance ratio of 1.02 is 0.03 ppm. This speciﬁcation

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is converted to temperature by dividing 0.03 ppm by 1.0 × 10⁶and then multiplying by 1.02. The result is then

divided by W_T90sensitivity, dW/dT, at 0.01 °C, which is 0.004. The ﬁnal result is 0.000008 °C. After multiply-

ing by W_T90(1.612), the uncertainty of the RTPW resistance ratio, when applied to 157 °C, is 0.000013 °C.

2.2.5.3.5 Measurement Noise at 0.01 °C

During measurement of the RTPW, it is observed that the standard error of the mean is 0.0000018 Ω. To

convert this value into temperature, divide by the resistance sensitivity (dR/dT) of the SPRT at 0.01 °C. dR/dT

at 0.01 °C is 0.1 W/°C (see tip below). The result is 0.000018 °C. Multiplying by W_T90(1.612) yields 0.000029

°C.

Tip: Most SPRT calibration reports list the Temperature versus W values of the SPRT in a table.

Typically, the dT/dW value at each temperature will be included in the same table. dR/dT can be

calculated by inverting dT/dW and multiplying by the RTPW of the SPRT. Also, dW/dT can be calculated

by simply inverting dT/dW.

2.2.5.3.6 Uncertainty of the TPW Cell

Uncertainty of the temperature of the triple-point of water cell must also be included. For this example, the

standard uncertainty of the triple-point of water cell is 0.000050 °C. Multiplying by W_T90(1.612) results in

0.000081 °C.

2.2.5.3.7 Reference Resistor Drift

Possible drift of the 25 W reference resistor between the TPW measurement and the 157 °C measurement must

be accounted for. To reduce the possible error, both measurements should be taken in close proximity in time.

For this example, the 24-hour stability speciﬁcation will be used. This requires that both measurements are

taken within the same 24-hour period. The standard uncertainty due to drift of the reference resistor is 0.125

ppm. This is converted to temperature by dividing 0.125 ppm by 1.0 × 10⁶and then multiplying by 1.612. The

result is then divided by W_T90sensitivity (dW/dT) at 157 °C which is 0.0038. The result is 0.000053 °C.

2.2.5.3.8 Combining the Uncertainties

At this point, all of the uncertainties can be combined by root-sum-square (RSS) since they are uncorrelated.

Even though the 1595A resistance ratio accuracy is used twice in the calculation, both measurements are con-

sidered uncorrelated.

This RSS sum produces a combined standard uncertainty of 0.000115 °C. Multiplying by the coverage factor

(k = 2) results in a total expanded uncertainty of 0.000230 °C.

In this example, it is assumed the SPRT did not drift between the measurements at the TPW and 157 °C. It

may be necessary to add an additional uncertainty that accounts for SPRT drift.

2.2.5.3.9 Measuring With Calibration Report RTPW

In this example, the SPRT is monitored by periodically measuring its RTPW in a TPW cell but the original

RTPW from the SPRT calibration report is entered in the 1595A, not the measured RTPW. This requires a dif-

ferent set of speciﬁcations to be used in the measurement uncertainty.

The uncertainty of this measurement is based on four uncorrelated uncertainties. These uncertainties are:

●●

Resistance accuracy of the 1595A when measuring the SPRT at 157 °C

●●

Measurement noise at 157 °C

●●

Uncertainty of the SPRT resistance at the triple-point of water

●●

Drift of the RTPW of the SPRT

2.2.5.3.10 Resistance Accuracy at 157 °C

The resistance of the SPRT at 157 °C is 41.1 Ω. Using the 25 Ω internal reference resistor, the 1595A one-

year resistance standard uncertainty is 2.5 ppm. This uncertainty, in terms of temperature, is calculated by ﬁrst

dividing 2.5 ppm by 1.0 × 10⁶then multiplying by 41.1 Ω. The result is then divided by the sensitivity (dR/dT)

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of the SPRT at 157 °C which is 0.1 Ω/°C (see tip above). This results in a standard temperature uncertainty of

0.001028 °C.

2.2.5.3.11 Measurement Noise at 157 °C

During measurement at 157 °C, the standard error of the mean (as reported by the 1595A) is observed to be

0.00004 °C.

Note: The user must monitor measurement noise and use the actual measured measurement noise in the uncer-

tainty calculations.

2.2.5.3.12 Uncertainty of the Calibration Report RTPW

In this example, the RTPW is not measured and entered into the 1595A. The RTPW from the SPRT calibration

report is entered into the 1595A. The standard (k = 1) uncertainty of the RTPW value listed on the calibration

report must be included. In this example, it is 0.0001 °C. As explained in the previous example, all uncertain-

ties related to RTPW must be multiplied by W_T90of the measured temperature. Multiplying by 1.612 yields

0.000161 °C.

2.2.5.3.13 Drift of the RTPW of the SPRT

Since an SPRT tends to drift, the long-term drift should be included as a source of uncertainty. In this example

the SPRT is allowed to drift 0.002 °C. The assumed distribution of this uncertainty is rectangular. To convert

to a standard uncertainty divide by 1.732 (square root of 3). The result, 0.001155 °C, multiplied by 1.612

yields a standard uncertainty of 0.001861 °C.

2.2.5.3.14 Combining the Uncertainties

At this point, all of the uncertainties can be combined by root-sum-square (RSS) since they are uncorrelated.

The RSS sum produces a combined standard uncertainty of 0.002133 °C. Multiplying by the coverage factor

(k = 2), and rounding, results in a total expanded uncertainty of 0.0043 °C.

2.2.5.4 Example 2: Calibrating an SPRT

As explained in “How the Super-Thermometer Measures” at the beginning of this section, the calibration of an

SPRT is performed by measuring the resistance at some required ﬁxed-point temperature and then at the triple-

point of water. The two measurements are combined by division to get a W_T90value. The uncertainty of W_T90is

based primarily on the ratio accuracy of the Super-Thermometer.

In this example, an SPRT is calibrated at 419.527 °C (FP of Zinc). The RTPW is measured directly afterward.

The uncertainties resulting from the 1595A in this example are:

●●

Resistance ratio accuracy of the 1595A at 419.527 °C

●●

Measurement noise at 419.527 °C

●●

Resistance ratio accuracy of the 1595A at 0.01°C (triple-point of water)

●●

Measurement noise at 0.01°C

●●

Reference resistor drift

The uncertainties in this example are calculated and combined as described in Example 1. However, there is a

slight difference in the reference resistor drift component.

2.2.5.4.1 Reference Resistor Drift

In Example 1, the 24-hour stability speciﬁcation of the internal 25 Ω is used. This may not be necessary when

calibrating an SPRT. When calibrating an SPRT typically both measurements of W_T90are taken in close prox-

imity of time (< 8 hours elapsed time). It is possible for the reference resistor drift to be negligible, especially

if the Super-Thermometer is in a stable temperature environment.

To be sure reference resistor drift is correctly estimated, the user should perform a test to determine actual

reference resistor drift over the elapsed time. One way to perform this test is to measure a very stable exter-

nal reference resistor over the actual time period using the internal reference resistor. If it is not possible to

measure the reference resistor drift, it may be necessary to use the 24-hour stability speciﬁcation resulting in a

slightly larger total uncertainty. Another alternative is to use an external reference resistor of very low drift.

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2.2.5.4.2 Example 3: Measuring Zero-Power Resistance

The purpose of this example is to demonstrate how the Relative Current speciﬁcation applies when performing

a zero-power measurement. The zero-power uncertainty calculated in this example would be added to the rest

of the uncertainties involved in the measurement as explained in previous examples. The intention of the zero-

power measurement is to remove measurement errors due to self-heating of the SPRT.

In this example a 1595A is used to measure a 25 Ω SPRT at the triple-point of water using the Zero-Power

function. The SPRT is measured at nominal current, 1.0 mA and 1.4142 mA (double-power current). In this

example, the self-heating sensitivity of the SPRT in a triple-point of water cell is 0.0024 °C/mA. This was

found by using the Zero-Power function and reading the SELF-HEATING ﬁeld in the Zero-Power results

screen. This value will vary signiﬁcantly depending on temperature, measurement medium, and probe

construction.

The uncertainties used to calculate zero-power uncertainty are:

●●

Ratio accuracy of the 1595A

●●

Measurement noise

●●

Relative current accuracy of the 1595A

●●

Reference resistor stability

2.2.5.4.3 Resistance Ratio Accuracy at 0.01 °C

The ratio accuracy at 0.01 °C is based on using the internal 25 Ω resistor to measure a resistance of 25.5 Ω.

The 1595A standard uncertainty of resistance ratio is 0.03 ppm. To convert this value to temperature divide by

1.0 × 10⁶and multiply by 1.02 (Rx/Rs). The result is then divided by 0.004 (W_T90sensitivity, dW/dT, at 0.01

°C, see above). The ﬁnal result is 0.000008 °C.

2.2.5.4.4 Measurement Noise

The Zero-Power function reports the standard error of the mean of the zero-power value in the STANDARD

ERROR ﬁeld. In this example, the standard error of the mean is 0.0000018 Ω. To convert this value into tem-

perature, divide by the resistance sensitivity (dR/dT) of the SPRT at 0.01 °C. dR/dT at 0.01 °C is 0.1 W/°C (see

tip above). The result is 0.000018 °C.

2.2.5.4.5 Relative Current Accuracy

The relative measurement current speciﬁcations are listed in Table 7 of the Speciﬁcations section. The stan-

dard uncertainty of the measurement current over the range 1.0 mA to 1.4142 mA is 0.0015 mA. This is

converted to temperature by multiplying by the SPRT self-heating sensitivity at 0.01 °C which is 0.0024 °C/

mA. The result is 0.0000036 °C.

2.2.5.4.6 Reference Resistor Stability

Since the individual measurements of the zero-power measurement are taken in close proximity in time, the

drift of the reference resistor is considered negligible.

2.2.5.4.7 Combining the Uncertainties

The uncertainties of the zero-power measurement are combined by RSS with the rest of the uncertainties

involved in the measurement. See the previous examples for the other uncertainties.

2.2.5.5 Example 4: Measuring a 100 Ω PRT

In this example the temperature of a typical 100 Ω PRT is measured at 420 °C with a 1595A. The uncertainties

in the measurement associated with the 1595A are as follows:

●●

Resistance accuracy of the 1595A

●●

Measurement noise at 420 °C

2.2.5.5.1 Resistance Accuracy at 420 °C

First, calculate the 1595A absolute resistance accuracy at 257 Ω (the resistance of the 100 Ω PRT at 420 °C).

The one-year absolute resistance standard uncertainty (k = 1) of the 1594A, using the internal 100 Ω resistor,

is 2.0 ppm. To convert this to an uncertainty in temperature, multiply 2.0 ppm by 1.0 × 10⁶then multiply by

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Speciﬁcations

257 Ω. Divide the result by the sensitivity of the PRT (dR/dT) at 420 °C. This can be found in the PRT calibra-

tion report. For this example, 0.4 Ω/°C is used. The resulting uncertainty is 0.0013°C.

2.2.5.5.2 Measurement Noise at 420 °C

The noise of the measurement at 420 °C is observed using the Standard Error of the Mean statistic ﬁeld of the

1595A. In this example it is 0.00003 °C.

2.2.5.5.3 Combining the Uncertainties

To calculate the entire uncertainty of the measurement, the standard uncertainties from the 1595A should be

combined with the (k = 1) PRT calibration uncertainty at 420 °C. The standard uncertainties are combined by

RSS and then multiplied by the required coverage factor.

2.2.5.6 Example 5: Measuring a 10 kΩ Thermistor

In this example, a 1595A is used to measure a 10 kΩ thermistor probe at 0 °C. The 1595A accuracy, when

measuring the thermistor probe is based on the following:

●●

Resistance accuracy of the 1595A

●●

Measurement noise

2.2.5.6.1 Resistance Accuracy

First, calculate the 1595A absolute resistance accuracy at 26839.94 (the resistance of the 10-k Ω thermistor

probe at 0 °C) when using the 10 k Ω internal reference resistor. The one-year absolute resistance accuracy

is 4 ppm of reading (k = 1). This is converted to temperature by dividing 4 ppm by 1.0 × 10⁶and multiplying

by 26839.94 Ω. The result is then divided by dR/dt of the thermistor probe at 0 °C which, in this example, is

1244.9 Ω/°C. The ﬁnal result is 0.000085 °C.

2.2.5.6.2 Measurement Noise

Measurement noise is best observed by using the Standard Error of the Mean statistics ﬁeld of the Super-Ther-

mometer. In this example, the standard error of the mean is 0.000004 °C.

2.2.5.6.3 Combining the Uncertainties

If the thermistor probe is being measured in temperature mode with calibration coefﬁcients, the standard

uncertainty of the calibration (listed on the calibration report) would be combined by RSS with the resistance

accuracy and measurement noise uncertainties.

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Preparation for Operation

Line Voltage and Fuses

3 Preparation for Operation

3.1 Unpacking and Inspection

The Super-Thermometer is shipped in a container designed to prevent damage during shipping. Inspect the

contents of the container for damage and immediately report any damage to the shipping company. Instruc-

tions for inspection are included in the shipping container.

Table 9 Optional Accessories

Item

Model or part number

1594-RMKT

Rack Mount Kit

2590 Scanner

Case

2590

1594-CASE

Carry-handle Kit

Extended range test report

1594-HNDL

1994 (1594A), 1995 (1595A)

3.2 Instruction Manuals

The Super-Thermometer instruction manual set is shipped on DVD. The set includes:

●●

1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer User’s Guide

●●

1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer Technical Guide

The 1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer User’s Guide contains instructions for unpacking and setting up the

instrument. Speciﬁcations and an overview of Super-Thermometer operation are also included. The User’s

Guide is available in the following languages: English, Chinese, Spanish, Japanese, German, French, and

Russian.

The 1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer Technical Guide contains complete information for setting up and

operating the Super-Thermometer. It also includes instructions for remote operation, calibration and mainte-

nance. The Technical Guide is available in English only.

For ordering a replacement instruction manual DVD contact your local Fluke representative or service center.

All manuals are available online for download in PDF format.

3.3 Line Voltage and Fuses

CAUTION: To prevent possible damage to the instrument, verify the correct fuse is installed for the

selected line voltage setting.

The correct line power fuse and line voltage range was installed at the factory per the conﬁguration that was

ordered. However, it is important to verify the correct fuse value and line voltage setting. The fuse is accessi-

ble on the rear panel in the PEM (Power Entry Module). The line voltage setting is shown in the PEM window

(see Figure 1 on page 16) and see Section 2.2, Speciﬁcations, on page 5 for the fuse rating.

To check or replace the fuse and to verify or change the line voltage setting, refer to Figure 1 on page 16

and proceed as follows:

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Connecting to Line Power

1. Disconnect line power.

2. Observe what line voltage setting is displayed in the PEM window. If it is correct, the fuse assembly

will be re-inserted in the same orientation it is removed. Otherwise, it will need to be rotated 180°

before re-insertion.

3. Open the fuse compartment by inserting a screwdriver blade in the slot located at the top of the fuse

compartment and open the PEM door.

4. Use the screwdriver blade to pry out the fuse block by inserting the blade in the slot located at the top of

the fuse block.

5. Remove the fuses from the assembly for replacement or veriﬁcation. Be sure the correct fuses are

installed.

6. Reinstall the fuse assembly by pushing it back into the PEM while ensuring that the correct line voltage

label is shown in the PEM window. Close the PEM door so it locks in place.

Figure 1 PEM (Power Entry Module)

3.4 Connecting to Line Power

WARNING: To avoid electrical shock, connect the factory supplied three-prong line power cord to a

properly grounded power outlet. Do not use a two-prong adapter or extension cord that will break the

ground connection.

After the line voltage setting and correct fuse are veriﬁed, connect the instrument to a properly grounded

three-prong outlet using the provided line voltage cord.

3.5 Placement and Rack Mounting

In general, place the Super-Thermometer in an area free of drafts and excessive electrical noise. Refer to the

speciﬁcations for environmental requirements.

The Super-Thermometer is designed to be used on a bench-top or installed in a standard width rack with the

optional rack mount kit. For bench-top use it is equipped with hinged, non-slip feet. For rack mount instruc-

tions, refer to the rack mount kit instruction manual.

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Front and Rear Panel Features

Front Panel Features

4 Front and Rear Panel Features

4.1 Introduction

The Super-Thermometer has been designed with several features that help make setup and operation as simple

as possible while still providing many measurement capabilities. This section describes the front and rear

panel features as well as the menu system. Please read this section before operating the instrument.

4.2 Front Panel Features

Figure 2 Front view

4.2.1 Measurement Inputs

Four measurement inputs, channels 1 through 4, are located on the front panel. Some key points concerning

the measurement inputs are:

●●

Current (C1, C2), Potential (P1, P2), and Guard (G) terminals are labeled to facilitate correct connection

(Figure 16 on page 58).

●●

Channels 2 and 4 can also be used as reference resistor (Rs) inputs.

4.2.2 USB Connection

The USB port on the front panel allows a formatted USB memory device to be connected to the Super-Ther-

mometer for saving measurements and settings. The memory device must be Linux compatible and formatted

with the FAT32 ﬁle system.

Important: When inserting a USB memory device into the front panel USB port, wait for about 10

seconds to allow the system to recognize the memory device before attempting to write to or read from it.

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Front Panel Features

4.2.3 Front Panel Keys

Table 10 Front panel key descriptions

The Power Standby key turns off the display and disables the front panel keys,

sending the system into standby. Power remains applied to some internal

components such as the resistor oven.

When the system is brought out of standby by pressing the Power Standby Key, it

is not necessary to wait the 30-minute warm-up period.

The numeric keys consist of the digits 0 through 9, sign (+/-), and decimal point

(.). These keys are used for entering numeric values.

The arrow keys are used to move the cursor on the display and to navigate lists

The SETUP key is used to directly access the Channel Setup menu for quick

and easy measurement conﬁguration.

The DELETE key is used to delete alpha-numeric characters

The EXP key is used when entering an exponential number for example: 1.0

E-04

The ENTER key is used to save a change or to select an item. When an item is

changed, ENTER must be pressed otherwise the item reverts to its original value

upon exiting.

The MENU key is used to go directly to the Main Menu screen.

The EXIT key is used to exit from a menu or setting. Pressing EXIT will leave an

edit without saving the changes. When entering a number, if EXIT is pressed and

held, the entire number is deleted and the cursor is moved to the leftmost place

in the number ﬁeld.

The Function Keys are located below the display and are used to execute the

function displayed directly above them. Function keys are used to select menu

options and in certain cases they are used to toggle a setting shown on the

display.

Pressing any of the four Channel Select Keys will automatically activate the

selected channel and illuminate the Channel Select Key in green. If a channel is

in standby mode, the Channel Select Key is illuminated in amber. If a channel is

inactive,the Channel Select Key is clear.

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Front and Rear Panel Features

Front Panel Features

4.2.3.1 Front Panel Display

The Front Panel Display is shown in Figure 3. The display screen is used to show all measurements, menus

and conﬁguration information.

Figure 3 Front Panel Display

The default display language is English. The display can be shown in the following language options: English,

Chinese, Spanish, Japanese, German, French, and Russian.

The display language can be changed in the User Settings screen. The User settings screen is displayed, in

English (regardless of language setting), when using a shortcut key sequence that is entered from the Measure-

ment screen. In the Measurement screen (press and hold the EXIT key to return to the Measurement screen),

press and release the ENTER key and then press the SETUP key. Use the Up/Down arrow keys to select the

LANGUAGE conﬁguration ﬁeld and then use the Left/Right arrow keys to choose the intended language.

Pressing the ENTER key saves the new selection.

For all other display conﬁguration settings, see Section 5.7.4, DISPL A Y M ENU (F4), on page 46.

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Rear Panel Features

4.3 Rear Panel Features

Figure 4 Rear view

4.3.3.1 External Resistor Inputs

Figure 5 External Resistor Inputs

The Rs1 and Rs2 external reference resistor connections are located on the rear panel. The Current (C1, C2),

Potential (P1, P2) and Guard (G) terminals are labeled to facilitate proper connection (see Figure 16 on page

58).

4.3.1 Scanner Connection

The 2590 Scanner connection is a 15-pin socket located on the back panel. It is used to control an optional

scanner. Refer to the scanner manual for connection and setup instructions.

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Front and Rear Panel Features

Rear Panel Features

4.3.2 Future Peripheral Connection

A USB peripheral port is intended for future peripheral control.

Note: This port is NOT used for external memory connection. For external memory via USB see Section

4.2.2, USB Connection, on page 17 and Figur e 2 on page 17.

4.3.3 Remote Operation Connections

The Super-Thermometer comes equipped with several remote operation connections. See Table 11 for the

remote operation connection descriptions.

Using the LAN connection and a web browser, the user is able to operate the Super-Thermometer remotely via

the provided web interface. The Super-Thermometer serves a page that allows the user to view the display and

control the Super-Thermometer through the web browser. For more information, refer to the Remote Opera-

tion section.

Table 11 Remote Operation Connections

Description

Connection

Ethernet connector that allows connection to a

network for controlling the instrument and transmitting

measurements

USB port that allows the instrument to be controlled as a

USB peripheral from a computer

9-pin subminiature D type serial port that can be used to

control the instrument via RS-232

IEEE-488 Input/Output that is compatible with IEEE-

488 interface and the IEC 625 Bus for controlling the

instrument

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Rear Panel Features

4.3.4 Line Voltage Connection

Figure 6 Power Entry Module

The PEM (Power Entry Module) located on the rear panel connects the Super-Thermometer to line voltage. It

contains the Line Voltage Power Switch, the Line Voltage Fuses, and the Line Voltage Selector. See the Line

Voltage and Fuses section for conﬁguration and connection instructions.

4.3.5 Earth Ground Connection

The Earth Ground Connection is provided to allow connection to earth ground. This connection can help im-

prove measurement noise. It is not intended to replace the ground connection provided through the line voltage

cord.

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Menus and Screens

Changing Settings

5 Menus and Screens

5.1 Introduction

This section provides detailed description of the Super-Thermometer menus and screens. The menus and

screens are designed to allow the user to quickly and easily set up the instrument for measurement while also

providing many conﬁguration options. Note that some function keys are located in multiple locations in the

menu system for convenience.

Since the Super-Thermometer menu system is several layers deep, this section uses a location descriptor at the

introduction of menu function keys. This helps the user identify where the function key resides in the menu

system. Below is a location descriptor example.

MAIN MENU | CHANNEL SETUP | CHANNEL SETTINGS

Figure 7 Location Descriptor Example

5.2 Changing Settings

Most screens within the menu system contain conﬁguration ﬁelds used for changing settings. Whenever a

conﬁguration ﬁeld is changed the ENTER key must be pressed to save and apply the new value. To change a

setting, the ﬁeld must be highlighted. The highlight can be moved through the ﬁelds using the Up/Down arrow

keys.

Conﬁguration ﬁelds that have selection options are changed by pressing the Left/Right arrow keys to the

desired setting and pressing ENTER.

Numeric type ﬁelds are used for setting numeric settings, which include probe coefﬁcients, time, and date, for

example. Values are set using the digit keys. The left and right arrow keys move among the digits to change a

digit in the number. The sign key and EXP key are necessary for signed and exponential values. The DEL key

may be used to delete a digit in the number. ENTER must be pressed to save a new value.

Some conﬁguration ﬁelds allow entry of alpha and numeric characters. For these ﬁelds, the Alpha-Numeric

Interface is used. It automatically opens by pressing the ENTER key when a text ﬁeld is highlighted.

Figure 8 Alpha-Numeric Interface

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Password Protection

In the Alpha-Numeric Interface, use the front panel arrow keys to move the cursor to the desired character.

Press the ENTER key to enter the selected character in the text edit box. Numeric characters can be entered

using the Alpha-Numeric Interface or the front panel digit keys.

If a mistake is made, pressing the DELETE key will backspace over the character to the left of the cursor.

When the cursor is placed over a character in the text edit box, the DELETE key will delete the character

where it is located.

Use function keys MOVE BACK (F1) and MOVE FORWARD (F2) to move the cursor left or right in the text

edit box. Use function keys SAVE (F3) and CANCEL (F5) to save or cancel the changes that have been made

to the text ﬁeld. The EXIT key will also exit the Alpha-Numeric Interface with no changes saved.

5.3 Password Protection

Some screens by default are password protected while others may be password protected depending on con-

ﬁguration settings. A screen that is password protected will open with edit ability only if a four-digit password

is entered. Otherwise, the screen will open with view only. (see Section 5.7.7.1, P A SSWORD (F4), on page

54).

5.4 Menu Navigation

The following are important items to help the user understand how to navigate the menu system:

●●

The Main Menu of the menu system may be accessed from the Measurement Screen (and most other

screens) by pressing the MENU key.

●●

Function Keys (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5) are used to select menus, functions, and in some cases, to toggle

settings.

●●

The EXIT key is used to exit a screen or menu and return to the parent screen. In most screens, pressing

and holding the EXIT key for a moment returns directly to the Measurement Screen.

●●

Menus and screens contain help text that clarify the purpose of the menu or screen.

●●

When any setting is changed in a screen, the ENTER key must be pressed to save the change.

●●

When a ﬁeld requires alpha-numeric character input, the Alpha-Numeric Interface opens automatically

upon pressing ENTER when the ﬁeld is highlighted.

●●

Some screens may be password protected. If the password is required, a special password screen will

appear. More information concerning password protection is found in the System Menu section.

●●

The SETUP key provides a shortcut to the Channel Setup screen, Section 5.7.1, CHANNEL SETUP

(F1), on page 29.

●●

Pressing ENTER, then SETUP provides a shortcut to the User Settings screen, Section 5.7.4.1, USER

SETTINGS (F1), on page 47, where the language setting and other user settings are located.

●●

The User Settings screen will appear as the initial screen if the Start-Up Help setting is enabled

(see Section 5.7.4.1, USER SETTINGS (F1), on page 47). This assists a ﬁrst-time user in setting

preferences and the system clock.

5.5 Menu System

The following is an outline of the menu system:

Measurement Screen

MAIN MENU (MENU key)

CHANNEL SETUP (SETUP key)

ASSIGN PROBE (see PROBE MENU below)

CHANNEL SETTINGS

SET UP Rs

ASSIGN RESISTOR

DEFINE RESISTOR

ADD RESISTOR

EDIT RESISTOR

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Menus and Screens

Measurement Screen

READ RESISTOR

MANAGE RESISTORS

READ FILE

WRITE FILE

MOVE UP

MOVE DOWN

DELETE RESISTOR

ON/OFF

MEASURE MENU (see MEASURE MENU below)

PROBE MENU

ADD PROBE

COPY PROBE

EDIT PROBE

TEST CALCULATION

READ PROBE

MANAGE PROBES

READ FILE

WRITE FILE

MOVE UP

MOVE DOWN

DELETE PROBE

MEASURE MENU

SCAN SETTINGS

TIMING SETTINGS

DIGITAL FILTER

CLEAR FILTER

RECORDING MENU

RECORDING SETTINGS

VIEW DATA

READ FILE

WRITE FILE

ERASE DATA

ZERO-POWER MEASUREMENT

DISPLAY MENU

USER SETTINGS

FIELD SETTINGS

STATISTICS SETTINGS

GRAPH SETTINGS

TEMPERATURE UNIT

SYSTEM MENU

TIME DATE

REMOTE INTERFACE

SERIAL

USB

NETWORK

IEEE-488

ERRORS

CONFIG

STORE CONFIG

RECALL CONFIG

DELETE CONFIG

RESTORE DEFAULT

UPDATE FIRMWARE

PASSWORD

CALIBRATION

SYSTEM TEST

CURRENT TEST

RATIO CALIBRATION

RESISTANCE CALIBRATION

CALIBRATION PARAMETERS

5.6 Measurement Screen

The Measurement Screen contains the function keys and display ﬁelds needed for typical measurement opera-

tion. It is the screen displayed after power-up unless the Start-Up Help setting is enabled (see Section 5.7.4.1,

USER SETTINGS (F1), on page 47). It may be recalled other screens by pressing and holding the EXIT key

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Measurement Screen

or by pressing and releasing the MENU key then pressing the EXIT key. The following describe each section

of the Measurement Screen.

Figure 9 Measurement Screen

The following are the different sections of the Measurement Screen (see Figure 9) followed by detailed de-

scriptions of each section:

A. Channel Measurement Display

B. Channel Summary Section

C. Statistics Fields

D. Data/Graph Section

E. Status and Alert Section

5.6.1 Channel Measurement Display

The Channel Measurement Display is located at the top of the screen and shows the most recently completed

measurement and the channel from where the measurement came. This portion of the screen is always visible,

even when other screens and menus are open.

5.6.2 Channel Summary Section

The Channel Summary Section, directly below the Channel Measurement Display, on the left, shows channel

conﬁguration information with the following four ﬁelds.

PROBE ID – shows the identiﬁcation of the probe deﬁnition assigned to the channel being measured (see

Section 5.7.2, PROBE MENU (F2), on page 34)

CURRENT – shows the excitation current used in measuring the probe (see Sensing Current under Section

5.7.1.2, CHANNEL SETTINGS (F2), on page 30

RS – shows the reference resistor used for the measurement (see Section 5.7.1.2, CHANNEL SETTINGS

(F2), on page 30).

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Menus and Screens

Measurement Screen

OVEN - indicates whether the resistor oven is stable and ready for measurement. After power up, the OVEN

ﬁeld will ﬁrst indicate “SETTLING” while the oven warms up and settles to the proper temperature. When the

oven temperature is stable, the ﬁeld will display “READY” to indicate that the Super-Thermometer is ready

for measurement. It typically takes about 30 minutes for the temperature to settle and the indication to change

to “READY.” If only external reference resistors are used, it is not necessary to wait for the oven to settle.

5.6.3 Statistics Fields

The Statistics Fields section of the display contains user-selectable statistics ﬁelds associated with the cur-

rently displayed measurement (see Section 5.7.4.2, FIELD SETTINGS (F2), on page 48)

The Statistics Fields are displayed during measurement regardless whether Graph or Data display mode is

selected. The ﬁelds are reset when the RESET STATISTICS (F3) function key is selected.

5.6.4 Data/Graph Section

The Data/Graph section displays either a data table for each active channel as it is measured or a graph of each

channel’s measurement trend. The display is toggled from Data to Graph mode by pressing the SHOW DATA/

GRAPH (F2) function.

When the data table is selected, the Up/Down arrow keys are used to scroll through the data table to view

channels off the screen. The data ﬁelds are reset when the RESET STATISTICS (F3) function key is selected.

The graph settings are conﬁgured in the Graph Settings Screen, see Section 5.7.4.4, GRAPH SETTINGS (F4),

on page 49. The graph window can be conﬁgured to display a separate graph for each channel or all chan-

nels on one graph.

5.6.5 Status and Alert Section

The Status and Alert section resides at the bottom of the display above the function keys. Depending on the

situation, the following are displayed in the Status and Alert section:

Measurement Progress Bar- indicates the progress of the current measurement

Countdown Timer- shows the time remaining before measurement stops. The timer is set in the Timing Set-

tings screen of the Measure menu see Section 5.7.3.2, TIMING SETTINGS (F2), on page 39. If measure-

ment is stopped and restarted, the timer starts over again.

Active Channel- indicates the channel currently being measured. When the measurement is completed, the

measurement value and channel number will appear in the channel measurement display.

Recording Status- indicates whether recording is in progress.

Alert Messages- displays alert messages. Alert messages only appear when the Measurement Screen is dis-

played. See the following table for a list of alert messages. When an alert message is displayed, the CLEAR

MESSAGE (F4) function key may be pressed to clear the message.

Table 12 Alert Messages

Priority Message

Description

RECORDING ERROR

A recording error occurred, such as memory full or USB device was

removed, that prevents further recording.

MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE

EXCEEDED

The measured temperature exceeds the Maximum Temperature

setting speciﬁed in the probe deﬁnition.

ITS-90 SUBRANGE EXCEEDED

The measured temperature is outside either of the selected ITS-90

subranges in the probe deﬁnition.

RESISTOR DUE FOR CALIBRATION The Rs resistor used for the measurement is due for calibration; as

speciﬁed by the Due Date setting in the resistor deﬁnition.

The following function keys are located in the Measurement screen:

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Main Menu

5.6.6 START/STOP MEASUREMENT (F1)

The Start/Stop Measurement function key is a toggling function key that starts and stops measurement

sampling.

5.6.7 SHOW TABLE/GRAPH (F2)

The Show Table/Graph function key toggles the display between Graph mode and Data mode.

5.6.8 RESET STATISTICS (F3)

The Reset Statistics function key resets all statistics ﬁelds and sample counts.

5.6.9 CLEAR GRAPH/CLEAR MESSAGE (F4)

The Clear Graph/Clear Message function key clears the measurement trend graph. When an alert message is

displayed, this function key changes to Clear Message, which may be used to clear the alert message.

5.6.10 START/STOP RECORD (F5)

The Start/Stop Record function key is a toggling function key that starts and stops recording of measurements

to memory (see Section 5.7.3.4, RECORDING MENU (F4), on page 41).

5.7 Main Menu

The Main Menu is accessed by pressing the MENU key. The Main Menu contains the submenus used for

Super-Thermometer conﬁguration and setup.

Figure 6- Main Menu Screen

The submenus located in the Main Menu screen are as follows:

CHANNEL SETUP - for conﬁguring measurement channels and reference resistor settings

PROBE MENU - for assigning probe deﬁnitions to measurement channels and managing the Probe Library

MEASURE MENU - for conﬁguring channel scanning, setting measurement timing, conﬁguring the digital

ﬁlter and turning recording on and off

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Menus and Screens

Main Menu

DISPLAY MENU - used to conﬁgure display settings, and statistics settings as well as selecting temperature

measurement units

SYSTEM MENU - used to conﬁgure the remote interface ports, set the system date and time, conﬁgure pass-

word settings and calibrate the Super-Thermometer

The following are detailed descriptions of each submenu and its contents.

5.7.1 CHANNEL SETUP (F1)

MAIN MENU |

The Channel Setup menu is used for conﬁguring measurement channels and reference resistor settings. The

Channel Setups screen shows each channel and its settings. Pressing the SETUP key on the front panel will

access the Channel Setup screen directly from any other screen or menu.

For convenience, the MEASURE MENU (F4) function key is included in this menu as well as the Main

Menu. The Measure Menu is described in full detail after the Probe Menu section.

Figure 10 Channel Setup Screen

Using the Up/Down arrow keys, the user selects the channel to be conﬁgured. Pressing the ON/OFF (F3) func-

tion key enables (ON) or disables (OFF) the selected channel. Only one channel can be enabled unless SCAN

ENABLE is set to ON (see Section 5.7.3.1, SCAN SETTINGS (F1), on page 39). A channel that is disabled

will be skipped when SCAN ENABLE is set to ON. A channel can also be enabled by pressing the corre-

sponding Channel Select Key on the front panel.

The following function keys are used to conﬁgure the channels.

5.7.1.1 ASSIGN PROBE (F1)

MAIN MENU | CHANNEL SETUP |

The Assign Probe function key allows the user to assign a predeﬁned probe deﬁnition to the selected channel.

Upon pressing the Assign Probe function key, the Probe Library is displayed. Using the Up/Down arrow keys,

the desired probe deﬁnition is highlighted. Pressing ENTER assigns the probe deﬁnition to the previously

selected channel. For convenience, the function keys needed for editing the Probe Library are included in the

Assign Probe screen. These function keys are described in detail in the Probe Menu section.

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Main Menu

5.7.1.2 CHANNEL SETTINGS (F2)

MAIN MENU | CHANNEL SETUP |

With the desired channel selected in the Channel Setup screen, pressing the Channel Settings function key

opens a screen that allows the user to conﬁgure the channel settings. The channel that is being conﬁgured is

identiﬁed at the top of the Channel Settings screen.

The channel conﬁguration ﬁelds are as follows:

REFERENCE RESISTOR (Rs) - identiﬁes the reference resistor to be used for measurement. The options

are any of the four internal resistors (1Ω, 10Ω, 25Ω, 100Ω, 10 kΩ) and any user-conﬁgured external resistor.

See Table 13 for the recommended reference resistor.

Table 13 Recommended Reference Resistor for Various Probe Types

Probe Type

Reference Resistance

Sensing Current

1.0 mA

25 W SPRT

25 W

100 W

10 W

1.0 mA

100 W PRT or RTD

2.5 W SPRT

5.0 mA

14.14 mA

0.05 mA

0.25 W SPRT

1 W

1000 W PRT or RTD

Thermistors, 2 kW to 20 kW

Thermistors, 20 kW to 100 kW

10 kW

0.01 mA

0.002 mA

SENSING CURRENT - the excitation current used for measurement. By default, it is set to the nominal

current value entered in the probe’s deﬁnition. However, if the user enters a different sensing current, the new

value will supersede the probe deﬁnition.

The 1 x POWER (F2) function key automatically sets Sensing Current to the Nominal Current value estab-

lished in the probe deﬁnition. 2 x POWER (F3) sets Sensing Current to 1.4142 times the nominal current. In

order to protect the device being measured, the current is limited by the Maximum Current setting in the probe

deﬁnition.

STANDBY CURRENT- allows current to pass through a probe or resistor even when it is not being actively

measured. This is useful for keeping the probe self-heated so it will need less time to settle when measured.

The magnitude of the standby current is the same as the Sensing Current as long as the Sensing Current is no

greater than 2 mA. If the Sensing Current is greater than 2 mA, the channel’s standby current will remain off

regardless of the Standby Current setting.

Important: All currents are switched off when Measurement is stopped. Also, when Scan Enable is on

(see Scan Enable in Section 5.7.3.1, SCAN SETTINGS (F1), on page 39), only those channels that are

enabled for measurement will have standby current on, depending on the Sensing Current and Standby

Current settings.

Tip: A probe’s sensing element is heated as current passes through it. This effect is called self-heating.

Self-heating causes a probe’s measured temperature to change slightly due to the heat being dissipated.

The measurement error associated with self-heating depends on probe design and the level of

measurement current. To measure the effect of self-heating, use the Zero-Power function in the Measure

Menu, see Section 5.7.3.5, ZERO-POWER MEASUREMENT (F5), on page 43 .

CALCULATION - determines the type of reading the channel measurement will display. The options are

RESISTANCE, RATIO and TEMPERATURE. The TEMPERATURE option is available only if a probe deﬁ-

nition, conﬁgured for temperature measurement, has been assigned to the channel (see Section 5.7.2, PROBE

MENU (F2), on page 34). The Resistance option is not available if the channel’s Reference Resistor (Rs)

setting is set to Variable Resistance.

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5.7.1.2.1 SET UP Rs (F1)

MAIN MENU | CHANNEL SETUP | CHANNEL SETTINGS |

Pressing the Set Up Rs function key displays the Rs deﬁnition assigned to each Rs input. The Up/Down arrow

keys are used to scroll through the list to select an Rs input for conﬁguration. The following function keys al-

low the user to conﬁgure the Rs input.

5.7.1.2.1.1 ASSIGN RESISTOR (F1)

MAIN MENU | CHANNEL SETUP | CHANNEL SETTINGS | SET UP Rs |

The Assign Resistor function key opens the resistor deﬁnition library. This is a list of Rs conﬁgurations that

have been created by the user. The resistor deﬁnition library may contain up to 50 resistor deﬁnitions. Every

deﬁnition in the library must have a unique ID.

Also displayed in the resistor deﬁnition library, at the end of the list, are factory default options VARIABLE

RESISTANCE and NO RESISTOR.

The VARIABLE RESISTANCE option is used when the Rs resistance will vary such as when a SPRT is being

used as a reference resistor. When in this mode, measurement output will be in ratio only.

If the NO RESISTOR option is chosen, the Rs Input cannot be used as a reference resistor connection.

5.7.1.2.1.1.1 DEFINE RESISTOR (F2)

MAIN MENU | CHANNEL SETUP | CHANNEL SETTINGS | SET UP Rs |

The Deﬁne Resistor function key displays the resistor deﬁnition library. The displayed function keys are used

to create new Rs resistor deﬁnitions or edit deﬁnitions stored in the resistor deﬁnition library. The following

describe each function key.

5.7.1.2.1.1.2 ADD RESISTOR (F1)

The Add Resistor screen is used to create a new Rs deﬁnition using the following conﬁguration ﬁelds and

function key.

RESISTOR ID - used to identify the reference resistor. Pressing the ENTER key while the RESISTOR ID

ﬁeld is highlighted will open the Alpha-Numeric Interface to allow entry of a unique ID.

RESISTANCE VALUE - the resistance value of the Rs reference resistor. This resistance value is used to

calculate UUT resistance so it is important that it is entered correctly.

MAXIMUM CURRENT - establishes the maximum current allowed to be applied during measurement. This

prevents excessive current from being applied to the reference resistor.

CALIBRATION DATE - used to deﬁne when the reference resistor was calibrated. If not used, the digits can

all be set to zeros.

DUE DATE - used to alert the user when the reference resistor is due for calibration. This is only applicable if

Rs DUE ALERT is enabled in the User Settings screen, see Section 5.7.4.1, USER SETTINGS (F1), on page

47.

SAVE (F1)

The Save function key saves the settings.

CANCEL (F5)

The Cancel function key exits Add Resistor without saving changes.

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5.7.1.2.1.1.3 EDIT RESISTOR (F2)

The Edit Resistor function key opens the highlighted Rs deﬁnition for editing. The conﬁguration ﬁelds are

explained in the Add Resistor section above.

5.7.1.2.1.2 READ RESISTOR (F3)

Read Resistor allows the user to load a pre-conﬁgured reference resistor deﬁnition from a USB memory

device.

To load a resistor deﬁnition, insert a USB memory device that contains a resistor conﬁguration into the front

panel. Allow about 10 seconds for the system to recognize the USB device and then press OK (F5). A list of

resistor deﬁnition ﬁles stored on the memory device appears on the screen. Scroll through the list using the

Up/Down arrow keys and select the ﬁle to be loaded. Press OK (F5) to begin the ﬁle transfer. A message will

prompt the user to continue.

Tip: Resistor deﬁnition ﬁles must be located in a folder named “\159x\resistor” on the USB memory

device. The ﬁles must have the extension “.res” and contain resistor deﬁnition data in the proper format.

This type of ﬁle can be created by using the Write File function, see Section 5.7.1.2.1.3.2, WRITE FILE

(F2), on page 32 in the Manage Resistors menu.

5.7.1.2.1.3 MANAGE RESISTORS (F3)

MAIN MENU | CHANNEL SETUP | CHANNEL SETTINGS | SET UP Rs |

Rs resistor deﬁnitions in the resistor deﬁnition library may be added, deleted, or prioritized in the Manage

Resistors menu using the following function keys.

5.7.1.2.1.3.1 READ FILE (F1)

MAIN MENU | CHANNEL SETUP | CHANNEL SETTINGS | SET UP Rs | MANAGE RESISTORS

The Read File function key allows the user to import an entire set of resistor deﬁnitions from a ﬁle on a USB

memory device.

Every resistor deﬁnition in the resistor deﬁnition library must have a unique ID. If a resistor deﬁnition in the

library has the same ID as one read from the USB memory device, it will be replaced.

Tip: Resistor deﬁnition ﬁles must be located in a folder named “\159x\resistor” on the USB memory

device. The ﬁles must have the extension “.res” and contain resistor deﬁnition data in the proper format.

This type of ﬁle can be created by using the Write File function, see Section 5.7.1.2.1.3.2, WRITE FILE

(F2), on page 32 in the Manage Resistors menu.

5.7.1.2.1.3.2 WRITE FILE (F2)

MAIN MENU | CHANNEL SETUP | CHANNEL SETTINGS | SET UP Rs | MANAGE RESISTORS

The Write File function key in the Manage Resistors menu allows the user to export one resistor deﬁnition or

the entire library to a ﬁle on a USB memory device.

If a resistor was selected in the Manage Resistors screen, that resistor deﬁnition will be written to a ﬁle. If ALL

RESISTORS was selected, the entire Resistor Library will be written to a ﬁle.

The screen shows the name of the ﬁle to be written. The user may change the name of the ﬁle by pressing

ENTER to open the alpha-numeric editing screen. Finally, the user presses the CONTINUE function key to

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write the ﬁle. If a USB memory device has not yet been inserted, the user is instructed to do so. Allow about

10 seconds for the system to recognize the USB device before continuning.

Resistor deﬁnition ﬁles are written to a folder named “\159x\resistor” on the USB memory device and have

the extension “.res”. If the ﬁle does not exist, it will be created. If the ﬁle already exists and one resistor was

selected, its resistor deﬁnition will be appended to the data in the ﬁle. If ALL RESISTORS was selected, the

contents of the existing ﬁle will be replaced with the resistor deﬁnitions in the resistor deﬁnition library.

5.7.1.2.1.3.3 MOVE UP (F3)

MAIN MENU | CHANNEL SETUP | CHANNEL SETTINGS | SET UP Rs | MANAGE RESISTORS

The Move Up function key changes the arrangement of the reference resistors in the resistor deﬁnition library

by moving the selected resistor up one position. If the ﬁrst resistor is selected or if ALL RESISTORS is se-

lected, there is no action.

5.7.1.2.1.3.4 MOVE DOWN (F4)

MAIN MENU | CHANNEL SETUP | CHANNEL SETTINGS | SET UP Rs | MANAGE RESISTORS

The Move Down function changes the arrangement of the reference resistors in the resistor deﬁnition library

by moving the selected resistor down one position. If the last resistor is selected or if ALL RESISTORS is

selected, there is no action.

5.7.1.2.1.3.5 DELETE RESISTOR (F5)

MAIN MENU | CHANNEL SETUP | CHANNEL SETTINGS | SET UP Rs | MANAGE RESISTORS

The Delete Resistor function key may be used to delete a resistor deﬁnition from the resistor deﬁnition library.

If a resistor was selected in the Manage Resistors screen, that resistor will be deleted. If ALL RESISTORS

was selected, the entire library will be erased.

A message appears prompting the user to conﬁrm the delete operation. The user may press the YES func-

tion key to conﬁrm and proceed with deleting the resistor deﬁnition or library. Pressing the NO function key

cancels the operation and returns to the Manage Resistors menu. Pressing the EXIT key will also cancel the

operation with no change.

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5.7.2 PROBE MENU (F2)

MAIN MENU |

Figure 11 Probe Menu Screen

The Probe Menu contains the function keys needed for editing and managing probe deﬁnitions stored in the

Probe Library.

The Probe Library is non-volatile memory inside the Super-Thermometer which contains probe conﬁgura-

tion information that is conﬁgured and stored by the user. A user can easily program probe parameters into the

Probe Library and quickly assign the parameters to any of the measurement channels.

Tip: Once the probe deﬁnitions are programmed into the Probe Library, they can be conveniently copied

to a USB memory device (see Section 5.7.2.5, MANAGE PROBES (F5), on page 37) so they can be

backed up and easily reloaded if needed.

The following are descriptions of each function key in the Probe Menu.

5.7.2.1 ADD PROBE (F1)

MAIN MENU | PROBE MENU |

The Add Probe screen is used to add a new probe deﬁnition to the Probe Library. Up to 100 deﬁnitions can

be stored in the Probe Library. If the limit has been reached, the user will not be allowed to add more probe

deﬁnitions.

The following ﬁelds are used to deﬁne a probe conﬁguration:

ID - is the probe ID ﬁeld. The user may enter alpha or numeric characters to enter a unique probe ID up to 24

characters in length. Duplicate probe IDs cannot be saved. With the ID ﬁeld selected, pressing ENTER will

open the Alpha-Numeric Interface allowing the user to enter the probe ID.

TYPE - deﬁnes the type of probe. The options are PRT, THERMISTOR, and RESISTOR. The type selected

will determine what other probe conﬁguration ﬁelds appear.

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CALIBRATION DATE - the calibration date of the probe. The digits may be set to zero if the date is

undeﬁned.

NOMINAL CURRENT - the sensing current used for measuring the probe. The value entered is the current

used to measure the probe when 1 x Power is selected in the Channel Settings screen. Typical current settings

are 1.0 mA for a 25.5 Ω or 100 Ω PRTs and 0.010 mA for 10 kΩ thermistors (see “Table 13 Recommended

Reference Resistor for V a rious Probe Types” on page 30).

Caution: Sensing current must be carefully selected. Current that is too high can overheat and possibly

damage a sensor. Refer to the sensor’s manufacturer recommendations when setting the current.

MAXIMUM CURRENT - the maximum allowed sensing current. This setting is used to prevent excessive

current from damaging the sensor. This setting supersedes the Nominal Current setting.

MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE - sets the temperature limit for the probe. When a probe’s measured tem-

perature exceeds this setting, a warning message is indicated on the Measurement screen and an audio alarm is

sounded if the Alert Beep setting is set to ON (see Section 5.7.4.1, USER SETTINGS (F1), on page 47).

CONVERSION - the type of calibration coefﬁcients or characterization used for the probe. The characteriza-

tion deﬁnes how temperature is calculated for a probe. When conversion is set to NONE, measurements will

be in resistance. See the following Probe Conversion Information table for more information.

Table 14 Probe Conversion Information

Type

Conversion

Coefficients

Equations

PRT

ITS-90

High Subrange 5 (-38 to 29 °C)

RTPW,a5, b5

See ITS-90 literature

High Subrange 6 (0 to 962 °C)

RTPW,a6, b6, c6, d

High Subrange 7 (0 to 660 °C)

RTPW,a7, b7, c7

High Subrange 8 (0 to 420 °C)

RTPW,a8, b8

High Subrange 9 (0 to 232 °C)

RTPW,a9, b9

High Subrange 10 (0 to 157 °C)

RTPW,a10

High Subrange 11 (0 to 30 °C)

RTPW,a11

Low Subrange 1 (13 to 273 K)

RTPW,a1, b1,c1,c2,c3

Low Subrange 2 (24 to 273 K)

RTPW,a2, b2,c1,c2,c3

Low Subrange 3 (54 to 273 K)

RTPW,a3, b3,c1,c2,c3

Low Subrange 4 (-189 to 0 °C)

RTPW,a4, b4

Low Subrange 5 (-38 to 0 °C)

RTPW,a5,b5

PT-100

See IEC-751 or ASTM-E-1137 literature

Use R0 = 100.0 for standard IEC-

751, ASTM-E-1137 or enter actual

probe R0 for improved accuracy

CVD-ABC

R0, A, B, C

See CVD literature

CVD-ALPHA

POLYNOMIAL

R0, ALPHA, DELTA, BETA

C0, C1,….C7

t[°C] = C R[Ω]ⁱ

∑

i=0

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Type

Conversion

Coefficients

Equations

THERMISTOR R(T) POLYNOMIAL B0, B1, B2, B3



ⁱ





R[Ω] = exp





∑









t[°C]+ 273.15

i=0





T(R) POLYNOMIAL A0, A1, A2, A3

t[°C] =

− 273.15

A [ln R[Ω]]ⁱ

∑

i=0

Note: With ITS-90 conversion, where subranges overlap, the high subrange supersedes the low subrange. If only subrange

5 is used in a probe deﬁnition, select subrange 5 for both High Subrange and Low Subrange. If a subrange is set to NONE,

all temperatures will be based on the programmed subrange (alerts in measurement screen inform the user when a deﬁned

ITS-90 subrange is exceeded, see Display Settings submenu in Display Menu).

The following are the Add Probe Screen function keys.

5.7.2.1.1 TEST CALCULATION (F1)

MAIN MENU | PROBE MENU | ADD PROBE |

The Test Calculation function key helps the user verify the probe calibration coefﬁcients were entered correct-

ly. A resistance is entered and a temperature is calculated based on the calibration coefﬁcients. The calculated

temperature is compared with the probe’s calibration report to verify correct coefﬁcient entry.

5.7.2.1.2 SAVE (F2)

MAIN MENU | PROBE MENU | ADD PROBE |

The Save function key saves the newly entered probe information into the Probe Library. Exiting without

selecting SAVE cancels all changes.

5.7.2.1.3 CANCEL (F5)

MAIN MENU | PROBE MENU | ADD PROBE

The Cancel function key exits the Add Probe screen without saving changes.

5.7.2.2 COPY PROBE (F2)

MAIN MENU | PROBE MENU |

The Copy Probe function key allows the user to create a new probe deﬁnition based on an existing deﬁnition.

In the Probe Menu screen, select the probe deﬁnition to be copied. Press the COPY PROBE (F2) function

key. Update the PROBE ID ﬁeld with a unique probe ID. Press the SAVE (F2) function key to save the copied

deﬁnition. If a unique ID is not entered, the ID will be appended with a _1 automatically.

5.7.2.3 EDIT PROBE (F3)

MAIN MENU | PROBE MENU |

The Edit Probe screen is used to edit probe deﬁnitions that have been entered into the Probe Library. When

Edit Probe is selected, the same probe deﬁnition ﬁelds found in the Add Probe screen are shown. Refer to Sec -

tion 5.7.2.1, ADD PROBE (F1), on page 34 for a full description of each ﬁeld.

Changes made in the Edit Probe screen are not saved until the SAVE (F2) function key is selected. The EXIT

key or CANCEL (F5) can be selected at any time to exit without saving changes.

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5.7.2.4 READ PROBE (F4)

MAIN MENU | PROBE MENU |

The Read Probe function key allows the user to read a probe deﬁnition from the USB memory device into the

Probe Library.

When a USB memory device, that contains a probe deﬁnition ﬁle, is inserted in the front panel, the Read

Probe screen displays a list of probe deﬁnition ﬁles (*.prb) found on the memory device. By scrolling up and

down the list using the arrow keys, the user can select the desired probe deﬁnition ﬁle. Pressing the ENTER

key (with the ﬁle selected) will open the ﬁle and display the probe deﬁnitions it contains. At this point a probe

deﬁnition can be selected and read into the Probe Library by pressing the ENTER key again.

If the selected probe deﬁnition in the USB memory device has the same ID as a probe deﬁnition that already

exists in the Probe Library, a warning message appears warning that the probe deﬁnition in the library will be

replaced. The user may press the YES function key to update the probe deﬁnition and exit, or press NO (or the

EXIT key) to return to the Assign Probe screen.

Tip: Probe deﬁnition ﬁles must be located in a folder named “\159x\probe\” on the USB memory device.

The ﬁles must have the extension “.prb” and contain probe deﬁnition data in the proper format. This

type of ﬁle can be created by using the Write File function in the Manage Probes menu.

5.7.2.5 MANAGE PROBES (F5)

MAIN MENU | PROBE MENU |

The Manage Probes screen is used for reading probe deﬁnition ﬁles from memory, writing deﬁnition ﬁles to

memory, moving probe deﬁnition locations in the Probe Library and deleting probe deﬁnitions.

In the Manage Probe screen, the Probe Library is displayed as well as the following function keys.

5.7.2.5.1 READ FILE (F1)

MAIN MENU | PROBE MENU | MANAGE PROBES |

The Read File function key allows the user to read a probe deﬁnition ﬁle (.prb) from the USB memory device.

A probe deﬁnition ﬁle may contain multiple probe deﬁnition ﬁles. The ﬁles have to be located in the folder

\159x\probe\ in the memory device and have the extension .prb.

A ﬁle is read by inserting a memory device containing a valid probe deﬁnition ﬁle into the front panel. When

READ FILE (F1) is pressed, a list of all probe ﬁles that reside on the memory device is shown. The ﬁle is se-

lected by using the using the arrow keys. The ﬁle is transferred to the Probe Library upon pressing the ENTER

key and conﬁrming the action.

Important: Any probe deﬁnition in the Probe Library that has the same ID as any probe deﬁnition in the

memory device will be overwritten.

5.7.2.5.2 WRITE FILE (F2)

MAIN MENU | PROBE MENU | MANAGE PROBES |

The Write File function key exports one probe deﬁnition ﬁle or the entire Probe Library from the Super-Ther-

mometer to the USB memory device.

When in the Manage Probes screen, select either a single probe deﬁnition or ALL PROBES (at the end of

the list). When WRITE FILE (F2) is selected, the name of the ﬁle to which the deﬁnitions will be written is

displayed. Pressing the ENTER key will open the Alpha-Numeric Interface so the ﬁle name can be entered.

Pressing CONTINUE (F1) writes the ﬁle to memory.

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If the \159x\probe\ folder and .prb ﬁle have not been created previously, they will be created automatically

when the ﬁle is written. If the .prb ﬁle already exists, a newly written probe deﬁnition will be appended

into the ﬁle. However, if the .prb ﬁle already exists and all ﬁles are written to memory, the .prb ﬁle will be

overwritten.

5.7.2.5.3 MOVE UP (F3)

MAIN MENU | PROBE MENU | MANAGE PROBES |

The Move Up function key changes the order of the probe deﬁnitions in the Probe Library by moving the

selected deﬁnition up one position until it reaches the top of the list.

5.7.2.5.4 MOVE DOWN (F4)

MAIN MENU | PROBE MENU | MANAGE PROBES |

The Move Down function key changes the order of the probe deﬁnitions in the Probe Library by moving the

selected deﬁnition down one position until it reaches the bottom of the list (before ALL PROBES).

5.7.2.5.5 DELETE PROBE (F5)

MAIN MENU | PROBE MENU | MANAGE PROBES |

The Delete Probe function key allows the user to delete probe deﬁnitions from the Probe Library. If the Probe

Library capacity of 100 deﬁnitions has been reached, a probe deﬁnition has to be deleted before adding an-

other deﬁnition.

A single highlighted probe deﬁnition can be highlighted and then deleted or all probe deﬁnitions can be delet-

ed if ALL PROBES is selected. A message prompts the user to conﬁrm the delete action before it takes place.

5.7.3 MEASURE MENU (F3)

MAIN MENU |

Figure 12 Measure Menu Screen

The Measure Menu contains the function keys needed for setting up channel scanning, measurement timing,

digital ﬁlter settings, controlling measurement recording, and performing zero-power measurements.

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The following are complete descriptions of each function key.

5.7.3.1 SCAN SETTINGS (F1)

MAIN MENU | MEASURE MENU |

Scan Settings is used to set up channel scanning. The Super-Thermometer has several scan options that are

conﬁgured using the following ﬁelds.

SCAN ENABLE- turns scanning on or off by using the Left/Right Arrow Keys and pressing the ENTER key.

ON enables automatic sequencing through all enabled channels. OFF disables scanning so only one channel is

measured as selected by the user.

REPEAT COUNT- determines how many times a channel is measured before the Super-Thermometer contin-

ues to the next channel in the scan sequence. The setting has a range of 1 to 100.

ALTERNATE REFERENCE- automatically measures the reference channel after each individual channel is

measured in the scan sequence. This feature is useful in comparison type calibrations when the heat source is

not very stable.

REFERENCE CHANNEL- the setting that determines which channel is the reference channel for Alternate

Reference. The channel chosen for REFERENCE CHANNEL must be enabled (Section 5.7.1, CHANNEL

SETUP (F1), on page 29).

5.7.3.2 TIMING SETTINGS (F2)

MAIN MENU | MEASURE MENU |

The Timing Settings screen contains the settings and function keys needed for the conﬁguration of measure-

ment timing. The timing settings control the measurement process and the length of time it takes to produce

and display a measurement.

Measurement Timing Description

The measurement timing settings allow the user to be in control of each phase of the measurement process.

These settings enable the user to optimize timing for different applications.

To help describe the measurement process, it is broken into the following ﬁve steps.

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Sampling

Averaging

Filtering

Conversion

Display

Defined by:

Sample Period

Enabled with:

Average Enable

Enabled with:

Digital Filter

Enable

Defined by:

Probe Conversion

Defined by:

Display Interval

Figure 13 Measurement Process Block Diagram

1. Sampling - the fundamental measurement of the Super-Thermometer is the resistance ratio. The

fundamental ratio measurement is sampled once per Sample Period.

2. Averaging - the fundamental ratio measurements can be averaged (see Average Enable below) or

passed directly to Filtering. The number averaged is the number of measurement samples taken during

one Display Interval (how often the measurement display is updated). For example, if Sample Period

is set to 2 seconds and Display Interval is set to 10 seconds, 5 ratio measurement samples are averaged

per Display Interval. The display is updated with the statistical mean of the 5 measurement samples.

If AVERAGE ENABLE is OFF, only the most recent ratio measurement sample will be passed to

Filtering.

3. Filtering - after Averaging, the measurement samples can also be processed with a digital ﬁlter

(conﬁgured by using the Digital Filter function key, Section 5.7.3.3, DIGI T A L FI L T ER (F3), on page

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41) if the digital ﬁlter is ON. If the digital ﬁlter is OFF, measurement samples are passed directly to

Conversion.

4. Conversion - after ﬁltering, the fundamental ratio measurement can be converted to the selected unit

of measure such as Temperature (Section 5.7.2.3, EDIT PROBE (F3), on page 36). If R ATIO is the

selected unit of conversion, the measurement is passed directly to Display.

5. Display - after conversion, the measurement is sent to the display, remote interface, statistics

calculations, and memory at a rate of once per Display Interval. The statistical mean that is displayed in

the Measurement screen is based on n number of displayed measurements, not number of samples.

The Timing Settings screen contains the following measurement timing ﬁelds.

SAMPLE PERIOD - sets the length of time required to obtain a fundamental ratio measurement sample. The

options are 1, 2, 5, and 10 seconds. The default option is 2 seconds.

Note: When the sample period is changed, measurement will stop. It must be restarted by the user.

The 1 second option is useful for applications that require measurements at the highest possible speed, such

as thermal response tests. However, it can be expected to observe greater measurement noise will be greater

when using a 1 second sample period. The 2 seconds option provides good stable measurements for most types

of thermometer probes. The 10 seconds option may yield better results for very high resistances or with probes

that have unusually large settling effects which may be caused by electrical leakage or dielectric absorption.

A probe may be tested for electrical settling by comparing measurements made with the 2 seconds and 10

seconds sample periods.

With the 1 second and 2 seconds options the sensing current is reversed at a basic interval of 0.2 second. With

the 5 seconds and 10 seconds options the current is reversed at a basic interval of 1.2 seconds.

Sample Period cannot be larger than the Display Interval setting.

DISPLAY INTERVAL - determines how often measurements are passed to the display, statistics ﬁelds,

memory, and remote interface ports. Possible options are 1, 2, 10, 30, and 60 seconds. The default option is 2

seconds. Changing the Display Interval setting may affect the Sample Period setting, as Sample Period cannot

be greater than Display Interval.

AVERAGE ENABLE - determines whether fundamental measurement samples are averaged before being

passed to the digital ﬁlter step. If Average Enable is ON, all fundamental measurements acquired during the

Display Interval are combined by averaging. If Average Enable is OFF, or if Sample Period is the same as

Display Interval, only a single sample, the most recent, is passed to the next step in the measurement process.

The default option is ON.

STOP TIMER ENABLE - enables or disables the stop timer, which stops measurement after a speciﬁed

length of time. If Stop Timer Enable is ON, the stop timer begins counting down when measurement is started

using the START MEASUREMENT (F1) function key in the Measurement screen, and stops measurement au-

tomatically when the timer elapses. If STOP TIMER ENABLE is OFF (default setting is OFF), measurement

continues indeﬁnitely until the user stops measurement.

When the stop timer is enabled and measurement is enabled, an hourglass symbol and the time remaining, in

hours, minutes, and seconds appears at the bottom of the Measurement screen.

TIMER DURATION - sets the stop timer duration. The value is a number of hours, minutes, and seconds,

ranging from 00:00:01 to 23:59:59. The default value is 01:00:00. This setting is only relevant when Stop

Timer Enable is ON.

AUDIO INDICATION - enables or disables the audio alert that tells the user when the stop timer elapses and

measurement stops. The default option is ON.

The Sample Period, Display Interval and Average Enable settings in the Timing Settings menu can be auto-

matically conﬁgured by selecting one of the following preset function keys (a full description of each ﬁeld can

be found later in this section):

PRESET NORMAL (F1) - is used for most applications. This setting provides a balance between speed and

precision. Sample Period and Display Interval are both set to 2 seconds and Average Enable is set to ON.

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PRESET PRECISION (F2) - sets the timing settings for minimal measurement noise and settling error with

most thermometer probes. Sample Period is set to 2 seconds, Display Interval is set to 10 seconds, and Aver-

age Enable is set to ON.

PRESET FAST (F3) - is used to conﬁgure the Super-Thermometer for the fastest possible measurements.

Sample Period and Display Interval are both set to 1 second. Measurement noise and electrical settling errors

may be greater in Fast mode. Fast mode is useful for certain applications such as probe response time testing.

PRESET LONG (F4) - sets the timings settings for better results with probes that exhibit long electrical set-

tling times. Measurement noise might be slightly higher. Sample period is set to 10 seconds, Display Interval

is set to 10 seconds and Average is set to ON.

5.7.3.3 DIGITAL FILTER (F3)

MAIN MENU | MEASURE MENU |

The Digital Filter screen is used to change the digital ﬁlter settings and clear the digital ﬁlter buffer.

Digital Filter Description

The digital ﬁlter is a moving average ﬁlter that computes the arithmetic mean of display measurements stored

in a buffer. The size of the buffer is user-deﬁned via the Average Count setting. If the buffer is full, the oldest

measurement in the buffer is discarded when a new measurement enters the buffer. If the buffer is only partly

ﬁlled, the mean is still computed using the limited number of stored measurements.

If the digital ﬁlter is enabled, the most recent measurement coming from Averaging (see Measurement Se-

quence Diagram in the previous section) is averaged with the previous display measurements stored in the

digital ﬁlter buffer. For example, if Display Interval is set to 10 seconds, and the digital ﬁlter average count is

20, a new display measurement is averaged with the previous 19 display measurements for a window size of

200 seconds (n = 20).

The buffer is cleared when measurement is started or if a measurement is out-of-range. This may occur, for

example, if a probe is disconnected from a channel. It may also be cleared by the user at any time using the

CLEAR FILTER (F1) function. This clears the ﬁlter for all channels at once.

The Digital Filter conﬁguration settings and function key are as follows:

FILTER ENABLE - enables or disables the digital ﬁlter. The default option is ON.

AVERAGE COUNT - sets the number of Display Interval measurements that are averaged by the digital

ﬁlter. The setting has a range of 2 through 100. The default value is 30. This setting is only meaningful when

Filter Enable is ON.

5.7.3.3.1 CLEAR FILTER (F1) - clears the ﬁlter buffer.

Tip: It is useful to use Clear Filter to clear the digital ﬁlter buffer when an abrupt change to the data

has occurred. This allows the ﬁltered measurements to settle more quickly.

5.7.3.4 RECORDING MENU (F4)

MAIN MENU | MEASURE MENU |

In the Recording Menu, the user can control how measurements are recorded to a memory device (external or

internal). This menu is also used for manipulating data ﬁles including exporting of data and erasing data.

Measurements may be stored in either of two possible memory devices; Internal Memory or a external USB

Memory Device. Internal memory can store up to approximately 80,000 individual measurements. A USB

ﬂash memory device can typically store an even greater quantity of data, depending on the memory size. Both

types of memory devices are non-volatile, meaning the data is preserved even when the power is switched off.

However, some data may be lost if the power is switched off as data is being written.

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Important: Avoid switching power off to the Super-Thermometer while measurement and recording are

in progress or recorded data may be lost.

Measurements are recorded when the START RECORD (F5) function key in the Measurement screen has

been pressed. The Status Bar at the bottom of the Measurement screen indicates if recording is ON or OFF.

Each recorded measurement includes the date and time of the measurement, channel, measured value, and

unit. Additional statistical data is also recorded when the Record Statistics setting is ON.

The data written into internal memory is organized into data sets and each data set is identiﬁed by the date and

time of the ﬁrst measurement in the set. A new data set is started each time the START RECORDING (F5)

function key is selected if measurement is on. Likewise, a new data set is started each time the START MEA-

SUREMENT (F1) function key is selected if recording is on.

Data is recorded to the USB ﬁle in ASCII text, comma separated values (CSV) format, one measurement per

line. Each line is terminated with a carriage return and linefeed. The format of a line of data when the Record

Statistics setting is OFF is as follows:

Example: 231.927562,C,4,2010-01-10 14:23:10

When RECORD STATISTICS is ON, the format is as follows:

Example: 231.927562,C,4,2010-01-10 14:23:10,1.89280433,47.318163,231.927848,0.000231

USB ﬁles are written to a folder named “\159x\data” on the USB memory device and have the extension

“.txt”. If the ﬁle does not exist, it will be created. If the ﬁle already exists, new data will be appended to the

data already in the ﬁle. For data to be recorded to external memory, a Linux compatible USB memory device

formatted with a FAT32 ﬁle system must be inserted into the USB Connection on the front panel.

The following are the Recording Menu function keys.

5.7.3.4.1 RECORDING SETTINGS (F1)

MAIN MENU | MEASURE MENU | RECORDING MENU |

The Recording Settings function key opens a screen that allows the user to view and change settings related to

measurement recording. The conﬁguration ﬁelds in the Recording Settings screen are as follows:

MEMORY DEVICE - allows the user to choose which memory device to be written to. The options are

Internal, USB or Both.

USB FILE - is a user-selectable ﬁle name to which data is stored on the USB memory device. Upon pressing

Enter, the Alpha-Numeric Interface opens allowing the user to input a ﬁle name. The ﬁle name extension “.txt”

is automatically appended to the ﬁle name.

RECORD STATISTICS - determines whether statistics data is recorded to the memory device along with the

measurement. Additional data recorded when Record Statistics is ON include Resistance Ratio, Resistance,

Statistical Mean, and Standard Deviation. When Record Statistics is ON, the capacity of the memory device,

in terms of number of measurements, is reduced by about a factor of two.

The function key used to Start and Stop Recording is located in the Measurement Menu, Section 5.6.10,

START/STOP RECORD (F5), on page 28.

5.7.3.4.2 VIEW DATA (F2)

MAIN MENU | MEASURE MENU | RECORDING MENU |

The View Data function key is used to view measurements that have been recorded into internal memory. The

View Data screen displays the list of datasets recorded in memory. The user pages through the datasets using

the Left/Right Arrow Keys and views data in a dataset using the Up/Down Arrow Keys.

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5.7.3.4.3 READ FILE (F3)

MAIN MENU | MEASURE MENU | RECORDING MENU |

The Read File function key allows the user to view measurements that have been recorded in a ﬁle on the USB

memory device. If a USB device has not been inserted in the front panel, the user will be prompted to do so.

A list of ﬁles appears on the screen and the user selects the ﬁle to be opened using the arrow keys and then

opens the ﬁle by pressing the ENTER key. When the ﬁle is opened, the contents are displayed and the arrow

keys are used to move through the ﬁle to view the data.

5.7.3.4.4 WRITE FILE (F4)

MAIN MENU | MEASURE MENU | RECORDING MENU |

The Write File function key is used to copy data from internal memory onto the USB memory device.

The user may select a dataset using the Left and Right arrow keys. ALL DATA (in the DATA SET ﬁeld) can be

used to transfer all datasets to the USB device. The USB device ﬁlename can be entered by moving the cursor

to the USB FILE ﬁeld and pressing the ENTER key to display the Alpha-Numeric Interface.

If the data set and ﬁlename have been selected, the user presses CONTINUE (F1) to start the transfer. If the

ﬁle already exists, the user will be prompted to continue and append the data to the existing ﬁle.

5.7.3.4.5 ERASE DATA (F5)

MAIN MENU | MEASURE MENU | RECORDING MENU |

The Erase Data function key is used to erase a selected data set or all data sets, using ALL DATA at the end of

the list, from internal memory. The user may select a data set using the Up/Down arrow keys and pressing the

ENTER key. Upon pressing CONTINUE (F1), a warning message will appear and the user must conﬁrm the

action to continue. Pressing the EXIT key or CANCEL (F2) function key at any point during this process exits

the menu without deleting data.

Important: Do not turn power off while data is being erased because the internal memory ﬁles may be

lost.

5.7.3.5 ZERO-POWER MEASUREMENT (F5)

MAIN MENU | MEASURE MENU |

The Zero-Power function key is used for conﬁguring and performing zero-power measurements.

Zero-Power Measurement Description

When measurement current is passed through a temperature probe sensor, the sensor self-heats and creates a

measurement error. Probe self-heating errors vary by probe construction, current levels, and ability of the mea-

surement medium to dissipate heat from the probe. Measurements in air are especially prone to self-heating.

The Zero-Power Measurement function can be used to remove measurement error caused by self-heating. It

can also be used to measure the error due to self-heating.

The Zero-Power Measurement function automatically acquires the measurements necessary to determine a

probe’s zero-power resistance, temperature or ratio. This is done by measuring the probe at two levels of cur-

rent (nominal current and 1.4142 times nominal) and then using these measurements to calculate the value at

zero-power.

While the Super-Thermometer is performing a zero-power measurement, the timing is set to produce a

measurement every two seconds and the digital ﬁlter is disabled. The statistical average is calculated from all

measurements acquired during the Measure Time.

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Tip: Zero-Power measurements must be performed in a very stable heat source so temperature drift does

not interfere with the calculation.

Zero-power measurement is performed by ﬁrst measuring the probe at nominal current. Then the excita-

tion current is automatically changed to 1.4142 times the nominal current. 1.4142x of the nominal current is

referred to as double power excitation current since the power dissipated is twice that of nominal current. The

zero-power value is then calculated with the following equation:

where is the zero-power value, is the nominal current value, and is the double-power value.

Important: The probe deﬁnition must be conﬁgured so that the Maximum Current setting is at least

1.4142x the nominal current setting.

An alternative method of zero-power measurement, enabled by the Repeat Nominal setting, adds an additional

nominal current measurement taken after the 1.414x reading. The zero-power value derived from this tech-

nique is calculated with the following:

where is the zero-power value, is the ﬁrst nominal current value, is the double-power value, and is the ﬁnal

nominal current value.

The difference between the ﬁrst and ﬁnal nominal current readings indicates whether the probe’s temperature

has changed during zero-power measurement. This is important since a change in temperature could introduce

error into the zero-power calculation. When Repeat Nominal is enabled, the Super-Thermometer reports the

difference between the two nominal current values as Drift.

When a zero-power measurement is completed, the results are displayed on the screen and written to memory.

The values displayed are Channel Number, Probe ID, Zero-Power Measurement, Sensing Current, Mean, and

Standard Deviation for each step and the Nominal Current Self-Heating Offset.

The conﬁguration ﬁelds and function keys in the Zero-Power Measurement screen are as follows:

CHANNEL - speciﬁes the channel on which the measurement will be done. Only one channel at a time can be

measured in zero-power mode.

SETTLE TIME - sets the time allowed for measurement settling after a change in current. The value (00:00)

is in minutes and seconds. The settle time needed varies by probe construction and measurement medium. The

default value is 01:00 (1 minute). Measurements taken during Settle Time are discarded.

Tip: Settle time is important since it takes some time for a probe’s temperature to stabilize when the

current level changes. Therefore, it is important to choose a settle time appropriate for the probe and the

measurement environment.

MEASURE TIME - sets the time period over which measurements are averaged for each portion of the zero-

power sequence. For example, if a Measure Time of 1 minute is selected, measurements will be taken at each

current level over a 1 minute span and the resulting average will be used in the zero-power calculation. The

number of samples included in the average is based on the Measure Time and the Display Interval setting.

The Measure Time setting is in minutes and seconds. The setting has a range of 00:10 to 10:00. The default

value is 01:00.

REPEAT NOMINAL - enables or disables the Repeat Nominal option mentioned above. When enabled, the

nominal current measurement will be repeated after the 1.4142x measurement.

AUDIO INDICATION - enables or disables the Audio Alert feature that alerts the user when the zero-power

measurement sequence is completed.

START (F1) - starts the zero-power measurement sequence

When the START (F1) function key is selected, the zero-power measurement sequence begins and the screen

displays the following ﬁelds and function key:

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CHANNEL - the measurement channel

PROBE - the ID of the probe

TIME REMAINING - the amount of time left to complete the zero-power sequence of measurements in

minutes and seconds (00:00)

STEP - indicates the current measurement step of the sequence

SENSING CURRENT - the sensing current implemented in the measurement step

PHASE - indicates whether measurement is in SETTLING or MEASURING mode

MEAN - the arithmetic mean of the measurements taken in the current step

STD DEV - the standard deviation of the measurements used to calculate the mean

CANCEL (F1) - terminates the zero-power measurement sequence

Once the Zero-Power Measurement sequence is complete, the following results are reported on the screen.

DATE - the date of the measurement

TIME - the time when the measurement ﬁnished

CHANNEL - the channel measured

PROBE - the ID of the probe conﬁguration

ZERO-POWER RESULT - the calculated zero-power value

SELF-HEATING - the amount the probe measurement changes due to self-heating

STANDARD ERROR - the resulting standard error of the mean of the zero-power result

DRIFT - indicates the difference between the nominal current measurements (applies only if Repeat Nominal

is enabled)

SENSING CURRENT 1 - the measurement current used in the ﬁrst step of the sequence

MEAN 1 - the mean of the measurements in the ﬁrst step

STD DEV 1 - the standard deviation of the measurements in the ﬁrst step

SENSING CURRENT 2 - the measurement current used in the second step of the sequence

MEAN 2 - the mean of the measurements in the second step

STD DEV 2 - the standard deviation of the measurements in the second step

(the following apply if Repeat Nominal is enabled)

SENSING CURRENT 3 - the measurement current used in the third step of the sequence

MEAN 3 - the mean of the measurements in the third step

STD DEV 3 - the standard deviation of the measurements in the third step

The measurement results can be written to memory by pressing the WRITE FILE (F1) function key. The user

may change the ﬁle name by pressing the ENTER key and using the alpha-numeric interface. Once the ﬁle

name is set, and after the USB memory device is inserted into the front USB port, the user presses the CON-

TINUE (F1) function key to proceed to write the ﬁle. The ﬁle is stored in a folder named “\159x\zero”. If the

ﬁle already exists, the new test results are added to the ﬁle.

The results of the zero-power measurement are written to the ﬁle as follows:

DATE,<date>

TIME,<time>

CHAN,<channel number>

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PROBE,<probe ID>

ZERO_MEAS,<corrected measurement>,<unit>

SELF_HEAT,<self heating>,<unit>

STAN_ERR,<standard error>,<unit>

DRIFT,<drift>,<unit>

CURR_1,<current 1>,mA

MEAN_1,<mean 1>,<unit>

SDEV_1,<standard deviation 1>,<unit>

CURR_2,<current 2>,mA

MEAN_2,<mean 2>,<unit>

SDEV_2,<standard deviation 2>,<unit>

CURR_3,<current 3>,mA

MEAN_3,<mean 3>,<unit>

SDEV_3,<standard deviation 3>,<unit>

Note: DRIFT is recorded only if Repeat Nominal is enabled.

VIEW PREVIOUS (F2) - displays the most recent set of zero-power measurement data results

5.7.4 DISPLAY MENU (F4)

MAIN MENU |

Figure 14 Display Menu Screen

The Display Menu is used for conﬁguring the display settings, selecting statistics settings and choosing the

displayed temperature measurement units.

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5.7.4.1 USER SETTINGS (F1)

MAIN MENU | DISPLAY MENU |

The User Settings screen allows the user to set preferences such as language, temperature measurement resolu-

tion, screen saver settings and alert messages.

The User Settings screen will automatically appear as the initial screen if the Start-up Help setting is enabled

(see below). This assists a ﬁrst-time user in setting preferences and setting the clock to the local time. The User

Settings screen can also be conveniently reached directly from the Measurement Screen at any time by press-

ing and releasing the ENTER key and then pressing the SETUP key. When reached this way, it will appear in

English regardless of the language setting.

The following conﬁguration ﬁelds are displayed in the User Settings screen.

LANGUAGE - sets the language in which the menus and screens are displayed. The options are ENGLISH,

CHINESE, JAPANESE, SPANISH, GERMAN, FRENCH, and RUSSIAN. ENGLISH is the default option.

DATE FORMAT - sets the format used to display dates on the screen. Available options are YYYY-MM-DD,

MM-DD-YYYY, and DD/MM/YYYY. The default format is YYYY-MM-DD. This setting has no effect on

communications commands and responses, recorded data, or library ﬁles.

DECIMAL FORMAT - sets the decimal character used in decimal numbers on the display. Available options

are period (.) and comma (,). The default option is (.). This setting has no effect on communications commands

and responses, recorded data, or library ﬁles.

TEMPERATURE RESOLUTION - sets the desired number of decimal places that appear in displayed tem-

perature measurements. Available options are 0.1 through 0.000001. The default option is 0.00001. The actual

number of decimal places of displayed temperatures may be reduced for large numbers. This setting has no

effect on communications commands and responses, recorded data, or library ﬁles. The resolution of displayed

resistances and resistance ratios is ﬁxed at the maximum practical resolution.

SCREEN SAVER ENABLE - enables or disables the screen saver. When the screen saver is enabled (ON),

the display backlight is switched off after the screen saver wait time speciﬁed by the Screen Saver Wait set-

ting if no keys are pressed. Pressing any key resets the screen saver wait time and, if the display was blanked,

switches the display on. If Screen Saver Enable is OFF, the display will remain on indeﬁnitely. Enabling the

screen saver saves power and extends the lifetime of the display. The default option is OFF.

SCREEN SAVER DELAY - sets the screen saver delay time. Available options are 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 30

min, 45 min, 1 hr, and 2 hr. The default option is 1 hr. This setting is only relevant when Screen Saver Enable

is ON.

DISPLAY BRIGHTNESS - sets the brightness of the display backlight. Available options are 50 %, 60 %,

70 %, 80 %, 90 %, and 100 %. The default option is 100 %. Reducing the display brightness saves power and

extends the lifetime of the display. In brightly lit environments, the screen may be easier to read when Display

Brightness is set to a higher value.

ITS-90 SUBRANGE ALERT - enables (ON) or disables (OFF) the alert message that appears at the bottom

of the Measurement screen when a temperature measurement from a probe using the ITS-90 Conversion is

more than 10°C outside the range covered by the selected subranges. The default option is ON.

Rs DUE ALERT - enables (ON) or disables (OFF) the alert message that appears at the bottom of the Main

Screen when the due date of a resistor in the Resistor Library is past. The default option is OFF.

ALERT BEEP - enables (ON) or disables (OFF) the audio indication that accompanies alert messages. The

default option is ON.

KEYPAD BEEP - enables (ON) or disables (OFF) the audio indication that accompanies each key-press. The

default option is ON.

START-UP HELP - determines whether the User Settings screen appears automatically after power-on.

When set to ON, the User Settings screen will appear as the ﬁrst screen. If the setting is OFF the Measurement

Screen will appear instead. The default option is ON.

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When the User Settings screen appears after power-on, when the Start-Up Help setting is ON, the User Set-

tings screen includes function key NEXT (F1). This key leads to the Time and Date Settings screen (see Sec -

tion 5.7.5.1, TIME D A T E (F1), on page 50), where the clock may be set to the local time.

5.7.4.2 FIELD SETTINGS (F2)

MAIN MENU | DISPLAY MENU |

The Field Settings function key is used for selecting statistical ﬁelds to display in the Measurement Screen. A

particular set of statistical ﬁelds can be stored as a set and recalled using the RECALL MEMORY selection.

Four different sets can be stored in Recall Memory, any of which can be restored to factory defaults using the

RESTORE DEFAULT (F1) function key (see Default Statistical Fields table below). Restore Default only af-

fects the Recall Memory selection that is currently display.

Individual statistical ﬁelds in any of the Recall Memory sets can be changed by ﬁrst selecting the RECALL

MEMORY set number, pressing the ENTER key, arrowing down to the ﬁeld to be changed, changing the ﬁeld

with the Left/Right arrow keys and pressing the ENTER key save the change. The available data ﬁeld options

and their descriptions are listed in the tables below.

Table 15 Default Statistical Fields

Field

Memory 1

MEAN

Memory 2

MEAN

Memory 3

MAXIMUM

MINIMUM

DELTA

Memory 4

MEAN

STD DEV

TIME

SE OF MEAN

RESISTANCE

DATE

Table 16 Statistical Field Descriptions

Option

Description

Equation

Mean =

MEAN

arithmetic mean of measurements

∑

i=1

1 



STD DEV

sample standard deviation of measurements

Std Dev =

y²− n• Mean²

∑







n −1 _i=1

(std dev)

standard error (estimated standard deviation) of the

mean

SE of Mean =

SE OF MEAN

MAXIMUM

MINIMUM

maximum measurement

minimum measurement

Spread = Maximum − Minimum

SPREAD

difference between maximum and minimum

number of measurements (sample size)

difference relative to a delta channel or offset

resistance measurement

DELTA

RESISTANCE

RATIO

TIME

resistance ratio measurement

time from the system clock

DATE

date from the system clock

As a note of further explanation, SE OF MEAN provides an estimate of the uncertainty (k = 1) of the MEAN

value. SE OF MEAN is calculated from the sample standard deviation of unﬁltered measurements (not the

same as the displayed standard deviation of ﬁltered measurements) and the sample size. The method used to

calculate SE OF MEAN disregards the effect of the digital ﬁlter since it causes correlation among displayed

measurements. Otherwise the result of the formula for SE OF MEAN would produce an erroneously low

value.

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5.7.4.3 STATISTICS SETTINGS (F3)

MAIN MENU | DISPLAY MENU |

The Statistics Settings screen allows the user to set statistics related settings such as the statistics mode to be

used.

STATISTICS MODE – determines the mode in which statistics are used. The options are LIMITED and

UNLIMITED.

In Limited mode, statistics are calculated using a sliding window that is limited in width by the number of

samples deﬁned in the Sample Count setting. The oldest measurement leaves the sliding window buffer when

a new measurement enters.

Unlimited mode allows the number of samples to grow indeﬁnitely until the user resets the statistics or stops

measurement.

SAMPLE COUNT - deﬁnes the number of samples on which the statistics are based. In LIMITED mode, this

setting deﬁnes the width of the sliding window. A maximum of 100 can be selected.

DELTA MODE - determines whether the Delta statistics ﬁeld is based on a measurement from a channel or an

offset entered by the user. The options are CHANNEL or OFFSET.

DELTA OFFSET - sets the offset value used for calculating Delta. This setting applies when Delta Mode is

set to OFFSET.

When the Delta Offset value is subtracted from a measurement, it assumes the same units as the measurement.

The setting has a range of -1.0E06 to 1.0E06.

Tip: Delta Mode is useful for automatically subtracting an offset from a measurement such as the lead

resistance offset used when making 3-wire measurements.

DELTA CHANNEL- speciﬁes the channel to be used as the reference for the Delta calculation. This setting is

applicable when Delta Mode is set to CHANNEL. Possible options are channels 1 through 4 when no scanner

is attached. If a scanner is attached, channel 1 is not available but the scanner channels are.

5.7.4.4 GRAPH SETTINGS (F4)

MAIN MENU | DISPLAY MENU |

The Graph Settings function key opens a screen that contains settings for controlling how data graphs appear

in the Measurement Screen in Show Graph mode. The conﬁguration ﬁelds in the Graph Settings screen are as

follows:

COMBINED GRAPH - determines if all enabled channels are plotted on the same graph or on separate

graphs. ON plots all channels on the same graph.

TIME SPAN - conﬁgures the horizontal time scale or width of the graph window. The options are 5 min, 10

min, 15 min, 30 min, 1 hr, 2 hr, 4 hr, and 8 hr. The default is 10 min.

AUTOMATIC CENTERING - determines whether the center of the vertical axis is set automatically based

on the data in the graph (ON) or if the center is ﬁxed at the Vertical Center value (OFF). The default value is

ON.

VERTICAL CENTER - sets the center of the vertical axis of the combined graph when Automatic Centering

is ON. The setting has a range of -1.0E6 to 1.0E6. The default value is 0.0.

AUTOMATIC SCALING - determines whether the scale of the vertical axis is set automatically based on the

data in the graph (ON) or if the scale is ﬁxed at the Vertical Scale value (OFF). The default value is ON.

VERTICAL SPAN - sets the scale of the vertical axis of the combined graph when Automatic Scaling is OFF.

The setting has a range of 1.0E-6 to 1.0E6. The default value is 0.1.

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Main Menu

TRACE - controls whether a measurement point is plotted with a line that connects to the previous point or as

a separate dot. The options are LINE and DOT. The default value is DOT.

Important: When Time Span is large, multiple points may be combined and drawn as a vertical line to

conserve memory.

5.7.4.5 TEMPERATURE UNIT (F5)

MAIN MENU | DISPLAY MENU |

The Temperature Unit screen allows the user to select the unit for displayed temperature measurements. The

options are °C, K, and °F. °F will not be available if SI Unit Lock is set to ON in the Calibration Parameters

screen of the Calibration menu (see Section 5.7.7.2, CALIBR A T ION (F5), on page 55). The default value is

°C.

5.7.5 SYSTEM MENU (F5)

MAIN MENU |

Figure 15 System Menu Screen

The System Menu contains general system settings such as time and date, remote interface, password, and

calibration.

The System Menu screen displays the following product information: Manufacturer, Model, Serial Number,

Firmware Version, and Calibration Date.

The following are the System Menu function keys:

5.7.5.1 TIME DATE (F1)

MAIN MENU | SYSTEM MENU |

The Time and Date function key allows the user to enter the system Time and Date using the following ﬁelds:

TIME - time of the system clock. It is always in 24-hour format.

DATE - date of the system clock. It appears in the format determined by the Date Format setting (see Section

5.7.4.1, USER SETTINGS (F1), on page 47).

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Menus and Screens

Main Menu

DAYLIGHT SAVING - determines whether the clock is automatically adjusted at the beginning and end of

the Daylight Saving period. Options are OFF, NORTH AMERICA, and EUROPE. The default option is OFF.

5.7.5.2 REMOTE INTERFACE (F2)

MAIN MENU | SYSTEM MENU |

The Remote Interface screen contains the function keys used for conﬁguring and monitoring the remote inter-

face ports. For more information on the Remote Interface ports and a list of remote operation commands, see

Section 8, Remote Operation, on page 65.

The following are the function keys located in the Remote Interface menu.

5.7.5.2.1 SERIAL (F1)

MAIN MENU | SYSTEM MENU | REMOTE INTERFACE |

The Serial function key is used to conﬁgure the RS-232 serial port with the following conﬁguration ﬁelds:

BAUD RATE - baud rate setting of the serial port. It may be set to 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, or 38400.

The default setting is 9600.

LINEFEED - determines whether a linefeed character (ASCII code 10) is transmitted at the end of every

message.

5.7.5.2.2 USB (F2)

MAIN MENU | SYSTEM MENU | REMOTE INTERFACE |

The USB function key displays the following conﬁguration ﬁeld:

PORT ENABLE – enables and disables the rear USB port for remote communications with a computer (The

front USB port, used for an external USB memory device, is always enabled).

5.7.5.2.3 NETWORK (F3)

MAIN MENU | SYSTEM MENU | REMOTE INTERFACE |

The Network function key opens a screen allowing the user to conﬁgure the Network port settings.

The network port implements a 10/100 Base T Ethernet network interface. It supports the protocols TCP/IP,

DHCP, and HTML. The port is disabled by default and must be enabled to be used. The user may select DHCP

or specify a static network address.

The network port may be used for remote control of the Super-Thermometer by a PC and interface to network

software such as Telnet or a COM port redirector driver. In this mode, the network port accepts a raw TCP

connection on TCP port number 5025.

The network port also provides a simple HTML web page interface to the Super-Thermometer to allow remote

monitoring via a web browser.

The following are the conﬁguration ﬁelds:

HARDWARE MAC - shows the hardware MAC address of the network port. It cannot be changed.

DHCP ENABLE - determines whether the static IP address is used or is assigned dynamically by a server.

The default option is ON (dynamic).

CAUTION: When DHCP is enabled, do not remove the Ethernet cable and turn the power off. The cable

needs to remain plugged into the unit while cycling the power.

IPADDRESS - speciﬁes the network port’s IP address when DHCP is OFF, or shows the dynamically as-

signed IP address when DHCP is set to ON.

GATEWAY - speciﬁes the gateway server’s IP address to be used when DHCP is OFF.,

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Main Menu

SUBNET MASK - speciﬁes the network’s subnet mask when DHCP is OFF. Gateway and Subnet Mask are

not available when DHCP is set to ON.

HOST NAME - is a name that may be used to identify the Super-Thermometer on the network. It may consist

of a combination of letters and digits, up to 16 characters in length. The ﬁrst character must be a letter. Hyphen

characters are allowed within the Host Name string. The default Host Name is “F159X-<serial number>”,

where <serial number> is the unique serial number of the Super-Thermometer.

CONTROL ENABLE - determines whether remote interface commands are accepted via the network port.

The options for this setting are OFF, ON, and QUERY ONLY. When the setting is OFF, the Super-Thermom-

eter will not accept or respond to any commands received from the network port. When the option is ON all

commands are allowed, though some may be password protected. The QUERY ONLY option allows data and

settings to be read but not changed. The default is ON.

Important: When Control Enable is either OFF or QUERY ONLY, the web page will not be fully

functional.

5.7.5.2.4 IEEE-488 (F4)

MAIN MENU | SYSTEM MENU | REMOTE INTERFACE |

The IEEE-488 function key opens the IEEE-488 conﬁguration screen with the following conﬁguration ﬁelds:

PORT ENABLE - determines whether the IEEE-488 port is enabled (ON). When the port is disabled, no

communications can occur. The default option is OFF.

ADDRESS - is the IEEE-488 address assigned to the Super-Thermometer. It must be different than all other

equipment on the IEEE-488 bus. The address may be set to any number between 1 and 30 inclusive. The

default setting is 22.

TERMINATION - determines whether a carriage return character (ASCII code 13) or linefeed character

(ASCII code 10) terminates a response. The default option is LINEFEED. An IEEE-488 EOI message also ac-

companies the ﬁnal character of every transmission.

The IEEE-488 port accepts either, or any combination of, a linefeed, carriage return, or EOI as a terminator.

The CLEAR INTERFACE (F1) function key is used to clear the input and output buffers and reset the IEEE-

488 interface, just as if the IFC or SDC control message was received.

5.7.5.2.5 ERRORS (F5)

MAIN MENU | SYSTEM MENU | REMOTE INTERFACE |

The Errors screen allows the user to view errors stored in the remote interface error queue. They can also be

read using the remot command “SYST:ERR?” (see Section 8, Remote Operation, on page 65)

The screen shows a list of all the errors, with the earliest error at the top. Errors are identiﬁed with their queue

position number, error code, and message string. The error queue can hold up to ten errors. If the queue over-

ﬂows with errors, the last error is replaced with a “Queue overﬂow” error message.

The Errors screen contains the CLEAR ERRORS (F1) function key that, when pressed, clears all errors from

the error queue.

5.7.5.3 CONFIG (F3)

MAIN MENU | SYSTEM MENU |

The Conﬁguration screen provides the means for storing the instrument conﬁguration and recalling it later.

Several different conﬁgurations may be stored to allow quick and easy setup from user to user or from one ap-

plication to another. The following function keys are located in this screen.

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Menus and Screens

Main Menu

5.7.5.3.1 STORE CONFIG (F1)

MAIN MENU | SYSTEM MENU | CONFIG |

The Store Conﬁguration function allows the user to store settings to a conﬁguration ﬁle in either internal non-

volatile memory or a USB ﬂash memory device. The following settings are stored:

●●

The probe deﬁnition assigned to each channel

●●

Enable state of each channel

●●

Channel settings, including the reference resistor selections

●●

Resistor deﬁnition assigned to each reference resistor input

●●

Scan settings

●●

Timing settings

●●

Digital ﬁlter settings

●●

User Settings

●●

Statistics ﬁelds settings

●●

Statistics settings

●●

Graph settings

●●

Temperature unit

●●

Recording settings

The Store Conﬁguration function does not store probe deﬁnitions, resistor deﬁnitions, time and date, remote

interface port settings, password settings, calibration parameters, or recorded data.

MEMORY DEVICE - speciﬁes to which memory device the conﬁguration is stored. The options are USB

and INTERNAL. The default option is INTERNAL. Up to 50 conﬁguration ﬁles may be stored internally. The

number of ﬁles stored on a USB device is limited only by the storage space available.

FILE NAME - speciﬁes the name of the conﬁguration ﬁle. It is edited or entered by ﬁrst pressing the ENTER

key, which opens the Alpha-Numeric Interface. The ﬁle name may have up to 24 characters. The user must

press the SAVE (F3) function key when ﬁnished. If the ﬁle does not exist, it is created. If it already exists, the

contents of the ﬁle are replaced. The ﬁle name extension “.txt” is automatically added to the ﬁle name when

the ﬁle is created. Once the memory device and ﬁle name are selected, the user presses the STORE (F1) func-

tion key to proceed.

USB conﬁguration ﬁles are written to a folder named “\159x\conﬁg” on the USB memory device and have the

extension “.txt”. When writing the ﬁle to a USB memory device, a formatted USB memory device must be

inserted into the USB socket on the front panel.

5.7.6 RECALL CONFIG (F2)

MAIN MENU | SYSTEM MENU | CONFIG |

The Recall Conﬁguration screen displays the conﬁguration ﬁles that have been saved to memory. The location

of the ﬁle(s) must be selected using the MEMORY DEVICE ﬁeld. The options are INTERNAL and USB.

Once the memory location is selected, pressing ENTER or the CONTINUE (F1) function key will open the

list of conﬁguration ﬁles. Using the Up/Down arrow keys, the conﬁguration is selected. Pressing ENTER or

the CONTINUE (F1) function key opens the ﬁle. The user is prompted to continue before the changes are

implemented.

The Recall Conﬁguration function does not affect probe deﬁnitions, resistor deﬁnitions, time and date, remote

interface port settings, password settings, calibration parameters, or recorded data. If an assigned probe deﬁni-

tion no longer exists in the Probe Library when a conﬁguration is recalled, the channel is set to UNDEFINED.

Likewise, a reference resistor input will be set to VARIABLE if the resistor ID is not found in the Resistor

Library.

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Main Menu

5.7.7 DELETE CONFIG (F3)

MAIN MENU | SYSTEM MENU | CONFIG |

The Delete Conﬁguration function may be used to delete a conﬁguration ﬁle in internal memory. The screen

shows a list of conﬁguration ﬁles found in the internal non-volatile memory. The user presses the Up/Down

arrow keys to select one of the conﬁguration ﬁles, then CONTINUE (F1) or ENTER to delete the ﬁle. The use

must conﬁrm the action before the conﬁguration is deleted.

5.7.7.3.1 RESTORE DEFAULT (F4)

MAIN MENU | SYSTEM MENU | CONFIG |

The Restore Default function may be used to restore settings to factory default values. The user must press the

YES (F4) function key to run the restore function. The NO (F5) function key or EXIT key will exit the screen

without restoring default settings. The settings that are affected are listed in the Store Conﬁguration section.

5.7.7.3.2 UPDATE FIRMWARE (F5)

MAIN MENU | SYSTEM MENU | CONFIG |

The Update Firmware function key may be used to update the internal software to a newer version when avail-

able from the manufacturer.

The Update Firmware function is always password protected. The user will be prompted to enter the correct

password to proceed.

A message appears instructing the user to plug in a USB memory device that contains the ﬁrmware update ﬁle.

A conﬁrmation message screen appears prompting the user to press YES to proceed. While the ﬁrmware

update ﬁle is being read from the USB and loaded into the system, the power must not be switched off. If the

power is switched off during the ﬁrmware update process, the instrument may no longer operate and will need

to be returned to the factory for servicing.

Caution: Do not switch off the power while the ﬁrmware is being updated.

Once the ﬁrmware update process is completed, a message indicates that the ﬁrmware has been successfully

updated. The user must then switch the power off and then on to restart and operate with the new ﬁrmware.

5.7.7.1 PASSWORD (F4)

MAIN MENU | SYSTEM MENU |

In the Password screen the user may view and change password settings. The Password screen is always

password protected (the default is 1234). The user will be prompted to enter the correct password to access the

screen. Password protection can be enabled for probe conﬁgurations, resistor deﬁnitions, certain measure func-

tions, and system time/date settings. See the following conﬁguration ﬁeld descriptions for more detail.

PASSWORD - a four-digit number that must be entered by the user in order to change settings in any pass-

word protected screen. The user may change the password to any four-digit number. The default is 1234.

Important: The user must be sure to remember the password or record the password in a safe location.

If the password is forgotten or lost, the instrument must be returned to the factory to have the password

reset.

PROBE PROTECTION - enables or disables protection of probe deﬁnition related screens. This setting is

useful for ensuring that probe deﬁnitions in the Probe Library do not get inadvertently changed. The default is

OFF.

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Menus and Screens

Main Menu

RESISTOR PROTECTION - enables or disables protection of resistor deﬁnition related screens. This setting

is useful for ensuring that resistor deﬁnitions in the Resistor Library do not get inadvertently changed. The

default is OFF.

MEASURE PROTECTION- enables or disables protection of measurement setting screens. This setting is

used for ensuring that timing and digital ﬁlter settings do not get inadvertently changed, possibly resulting in

noisy or less accurate measurements. The default is OFF.

TIME/DATE PROTECTION- enables or disables protection of the Time and Date setting screen. The de-

fault is OFF.

Some screens are always protected and have no associated protection setting. An example is the Calibration

Parameters screen, which always requires the correct password before any of the settings can be changed.

5.7.7.2 CALIBRATION (F5)

MAIN MENU | SYSTEM MENU |

The Calibration menu contains functions and settings for testing and maintaining proper performance of the

Super-Thermometer. Refer to Section 9, Calibration, on page 103 for test and calibration instructions.

The following are the Calibration Menu function keys.

5.7.7.2.1 SYSTEM TEST (F1)

MAIN MENU | SYSTEM MENU | CALIBRATION |

The System Test function key is used to perform a system self-test. This tests various components of the

Super-Thermometer and reports the results. If System Test indicates failures, contact the nearest Fluke Autho-

rized Service Center. See Section 9.2, SYSTEM TEST (F1), on page 103 for more information.

5.7.7.2.2 CURRENT TEST (F2)

MAIN MENU | SYSTEM MENU | CALIBRATION |

The Current Test function allows the user to test the accuracy of the sensing current on the front panel input

channels.

See Section 9.3, CURRENT TEST (F2), on page 103 for more information on how to perform a current test.

5.7.7.2.3 RATIO CALIBRATION (F3)

MAIN MENU | SYSTEM MENU | CALIBRATION |

The Ratio Self-Calibration function allows the user to perform a ratio linearity check or calibration. A check

allows the user to verify ratio accuracy without making changes to ratio parameters. Calibration measures the

Super-Thermometer ratios and makes adjustments to the ratio parameters. A check should always be per-

formed after running the ratio self-calibration function to verify that alignment was successful. See Section

9.4, R A T IO CALIBR A T ION (F3), on page 104 for more information.

5.7.7.2.4 RESISTANCE CALIBRATION (F4)

MAIN MENU | SYSTEM MENU | CALIBRATION |

The Resistance Calibration function allows the user to test and calibrate the internal reference resistors. See

Section 9.5, RESISTANCE CALIBR A T ION (F4), on page 106 for more information.

5.7.7.2.5 CALIBRATION PARAMETERS (F5)

MAIN MENU | SYSTEM MENU | CALIBRATION |

Important: Calibration parameters should not be changed except as part of the Super-Thermometer

calibration procedure performed by a qualiﬁed service technician.

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Main Menu

In the Calibration Parameters screen the user may view and change measurement calibration settings. The

calibration parameters can be viewed with no password but a password is required to make changes.

Calibration parameters include calibrated values for each of the internal resistors and the linearity coefﬁcients

for the resistance ratio measurements. Since the accuracy of the Super-Thermometer depends on these values,

they must be accurate. Refer to Section 9.4.2, ADJUST P A RAMETERS (F2), on page 106 for instructions

needed to adjust the calibration parameters.

Apart from the calibration parameters, the Calibration Parameters screen also includes the following conﬁgu-

ration ﬁelds:

CALIBRATION DATE- used to record the date the Super-Thermometer is calibrated.

SI UNIT LOCK- enables or disables °F as an allowed temperature unit option. When this is set to ON, tem-

peratures may be displayed in units of °C and K only, and °F will not be available as an option for the Unit

setting (see Section 5.7.4.5, TEMPER A T URE UNIT (F5), on page 50).

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Getting Started

User Settings Screen

6 Getting Started

6.1 Powering on the Super-Thermometer

CAUTION: Before powering the Super-Thermometer on, ensure that the line voltage selection is set

properly. Refer to Section 3.3, Line V o ltage and Fuses, on page 15 for instructions.

Power the Super-Thermometer on by setting the power switch located on the back panel to the On position.

After power is on, pressing the Power Standby switch on the front panel puts the system into hibernation, leav-

ing key components such as the resistor oven powered on.

The ﬁrst time the unit is powered on, the User Settings screen will be displayed after startup. Later in the sec-

tion it will be explained how this feature is turned off so the Measurement screen is displayed when the unit is

powered on.

6.2 User Settings Screen

The User Settings screen allows the user to conﬁgure system settings such as language, temperature measure-

ment resolution, screen saver settings and alarms. As mentioned previously, the User Settings screen is the ﬁrst

displayed upon the ﬁrst power-up if the Start-Up Help setting is enabled. This setting can be turned off by the

user after the user settings have been conﬁgured.

The following ﬁelds are displayed in the User Settings screen:

LANGUAGE- sets the language in which the menus and screens are displayed. The options are ENGLISH,

CHINESE, JAPANESE,SPANISH, GERMAN, FRENCH, and RUSSIAN. ENGLISH is the default option.

DATE FORMAT- sets the format used to display dates on the screen. Available options are YYYY-MM-DD,

MM-DD-YYYY, and DD/MM/YYYY. The default option is YYYY-MM-DD. This setting has no effect on

communications commands and responses, recorded data, or library ﬁles.

DECIMAL FORMAT- sets the decimal character used in decimal numbers on the display. Available options

are period (.) and comma (,). The default option is (.). This setting has no effect on communications commands

and responses, recorded data, or library ﬁles.

TEMPERATURE RESOLUTION- sets the desired number of decimal places that appear in displayed tem-

perature measurements. Available options are 0.1 through 0.000001. The default option is 0.00001. The actual

number of decimal places of displayed temperatures may be reduced for large numbers. This setting has no

effect on communications commands and responses, recorded data, or library ﬁles. The resolution of displayed

resistances and resistance ratios is ﬁxed at the maximum practical resolution.

SCREEN SAVER ENABLE- enables or disables the screen saver. If Screen Saver Enable is OFF, the display

will remain on indeﬁnitely. Enabling the screen saver saves power and extends the lifetime of the display. The

default option is OFF.

SCREEN SAVER DELAY- sets the screen saver delay time. Available options are 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 30

min, 45 min, 1 hr, and 2 hr. The default option is 1 hr.

DISPLAY BRIGHTNESS- sets the brightness of the display backlight. Available options are 50 %, 60 %,

70 %, 80 %, 90 %, and 100 %. The default option is 100 %. Reducing the display brightness saves power and

extends the lifetime of the display.

ITS-90 SUBRANGE ALERT- enables (ON) or disables (OFF) the warning message that appears at the bot-

tom of the Measurement Screen when a probe’s measured temperature exceeds its ITS-90 subrange by more

than 10°C. The default option is ON.

Rs DUE ALERT- enables (ON) or disables (OFF) the warning message that appears at the bottom of the Mea-

surement screen when the due date of a resistor in the Resistor Library has expired. The default option is OFF.

ALERT BEEP- enables (ON) or disables (OFF) the audio indication that accompanies warning messages.

The default option is ON.

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Connecting a Probe or Resistor

KEYPAD BEEP- enables (ON) or disables (OFF) the audio indication that accompanies each key-press. The

default option is ON.

START-UP HELP- determines whether the User Settings screen appears automatically after power-on. When

the settings is ON the User Settings screen will appear every time the power is switched on. If the setting is

OFF the Measurement screen will appear instead. The default option is ON.

NOTE: The following apply after power-on when Start-Up Help is on:

Pressing the NEXT (F1) function key continues to the Time and Date screen allowing the user to enter the

system Time, Date and Daylight Saving settings with the following conﬁguration ﬁelds:

TIME- is the time of the system clock. It is always in 24-hour format.

DATE- is the date of the system clock. It appears in the format determined by the Date Format setting (see

Section 6.2, User Settings Screen, on page 57).

DAYLIGHT SAVING- determines whether the system clock is automatically adjusted at the beginning and

end of the Daylight Saving period. Options are OFF, NORTH AMERICA, and EUROPE.

The user settings sequence is completed by selecting the NEXT (F1) function key at which point the user is

prompted to allow the user settings screen to be displayed upon power-up. After making the selection, the

Channel Setup screen is shown to help the user set up a measurement.

6.3 Connecting a Probe or Resistor

CAUTION: Incorrect sensing current can damage a probe or resistor. Before connecting a device to the

Super-Thermometer ensure that the sensing current setting does not exceed the limit of the device.

Figure 16 Input Wiring

The Super-Thermometer measurement inputs are equipped with patented gold-plated DWF connectors. These

connectors are spring-loaded to provide constant contact pressure with measurement connections and they

require little maintenance.

The DWF connectors are designed to accept spade connectors (by pressing the connector open), bare wire

(inserted in one of the side holes while pressing the connector open), and banana jacks (inserted in the front).

For best results, always use wires and connectors that are clean and free of corrosion and oxidation.

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Getting Started

Connecting a Probe or Resistor

The DWF connectors are labeled with C1, C2 (current connections) and P1, P2 (measurement potential con-

nections). The guard connector is labeled with a “G” and is used for connecting to a probe or resistor guard or

shield. The guard connection may help reduce measurement noise.

Connect a probe or resistor, as speciﬁed by the device’s manufacturer, to any one of the four measurement

channels located on the front panel. To prevent the possibility of applying too much current, suspend measure-

ment sampling and conﬁgure the channel before making the connection.

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Making Measurements

Measuring a Temperature Probe

7 Making Measurements

7.1 Introduction

The Super-Thermometer has been designed to allow quick and easy measurement setup while providing ﬂex-

ible measurement options. The purpose of this section is to guide the user through the conﬁguration of the

Super-Thermometer for typical measurements.

7.2 Measuring a Temperature Probe

The following instructions apply to the setup of both PRTs and thermistors for temperature measurement.

1. Press and hold the EXIT key to go to the Measurement screen.

2. If necessary, suspend measurement by pressing the STOP MEASUREMENT (F1) function key.

3. Using the instructions in the Getting Started section, connect a temperature probe to one of the

measurement input channels.

4. Press the SETUP key to open the Channel Setup screen. Use the Up/Down arrow keys to highlight

the channel to which the probe is connected. Scanner channels, if available, are identiﬁed with a S1

(scanner 1) or S2 (scanner 2) preﬁx added to the channel number.

5. Once the channel is highlighted, use the following steps to assign a probe deﬁnition to the selected

channel.

a. Select the ASSIGN PROBE (F1) function key to open the Probe Library.

b. Scroll through the list of probe deﬁnitions using the Up/Down arrow keys to locate the probe’s

deﬁnition. If the probe deﬁnition has not been previously entered, select ADD PROBE (F1)

to begin the process of creating a probe deﬁnition (see Section 5.7.2, PROBE MENU (F2), on

page 34 for more information).

c. When the probe deﬁnition is selected, press the ENTER key to assign the selected probe

deﬁnition to the channel and return to the Channel Setup menu.

6. Select the CHANNEL SETTINGS (F2) function key to conﬁgure the measurement channel using the

following steps:

a. Select the desired reference resistor (Rs) to be used for the measurement by pressing the Left/

Right arrow keys and pressing ENTER to conﬁrm the selection. Use “Table 17 Recommended

Reference Resistors and Sensing Current” on page 62 as a guide for the selection.

b. Enter the correct sensing current using Table 17 on page 62 or the probe manufacturer’s

instructions as a guide.

c. Determine whether standby current (see Channel Setup section) is to be On or Off.

d. Select the desired measurement calculation. The options are RESISTANCE (to output the

probe’s resistance only), RATIO (to output the ratio of the probe’s resistance versus the

reference resistor), and TEMPERATURE (only if calibration coefﬁcients were entered in the

probe deﬁnition).

e. Press the EXIT key to move back to the Channel Setup screen.

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Scanning Multiple Temperature Probes

7. If the desired measurement channel is set to Off, use the ON/OFF (F3) function key to toggle the

channel to On. Pressing the Channel Select key located above the channel connection will also set the

channel to On.

8. Press the EXIT key twice (or press and hold the EXIT key) to go to the Measurement screen.

9. In the Measurement screen, select the START MEASURE (F1) function key to start measurement

sampling.

Table 17 Recommended Reference Resistors and Sensing Current

Probe Type

Reference Resistance

Sensing Current

1.0 mA

25 W SPRT

25 W

100 W

10 W

1 W

1.0 mA

100 W PRT or RTD

2.5 W SPRT

5.0 mA

14.14 mA

0.05 mA

0.01 mA

0.25 W SPRT

1000 W PRT or RTD

Thermistors, 2 kW to 10 kW

10 kW

7.3 Scanning Multiple Temperature Probes

Use the following instructions to conﬁgure the Super-Thermometer for scanning multiple temperature probes.

1. Follow the steps in the previous section “Measuring a Temperature Probe” to connect and conﬁgure two

or more temperature probes.

2. Press the MENU key to open the Main Menu screen.

3. Select the MEASURE MENU (F3) function key to open the Measure menu.

4. Select the SCAN SETTINGS (F1) function key.

5. Set SCAN ENABLE to On. If needed, conﬁgure the other scan settings.

6. Press the SETUP key.

7. In the Channel Setup screen, ensure that each channel to which a probe is connected is enabled (set to

ON). Disable all other channels by setting them to Off. An alternative method is to press the channel

select key above each channel to enable or disable the channel in the scan sequence.

8. Press and hold the EXIT key to return to the Measurement screen.

9. Begin scanning by selecting the START MEASUREMENT (F1) function key.

7.4 Measuring Resistance Ratio

The ratio measurement is the fundamental measurement from which the resistance and temperature measure-

ments are derived. It is simply the ratio (Rx/Rs) between an unknown resistance (Rx) and a reference resistor

(Rs).

To conﬁgure the Super-Thermometer for ratio measurement, follow the steps listed in section 5.2 except select

RATIO in step 6.d.

7.5 Conﬁguring an External Reference Resistor

The Super-Thermometer is equipped with a set of internal resistors. If needed, up to four external resistors can

be connected using Rs1 and Rs2 inputs on the back panel and Ch2 and Ch4 inputs on the front panel. Use the

following instructions for connecting and measuring with an external resistor:

1. Suspend measurement by going to the Measurement screen and pressing the STOP MEASUREMENT

(F1) function key.

2. Connect a reference resistor using one of the Rs inputs. Ensure the current and potential connections are

correct.

3. Go to the Add Resistor screen by using the following steps:

a. Press the SETUP key to open the Channel Setup screen.

b. Select the CHANNEL SETTINGS (F2) function key.

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Making Measurements

Making A Zero-Power Measurement

c. Select the SETUP RS (F1) function key.

d. Select the DEFINE RESISTOR (F2) function key.

e. Select the ADD RESISTOR (F1) function key.

4. Enter a unique ID in the ID ﬁeld. Pressing the ENTER key will open the Alpha-Numeric Interface for

text entry.

5. Enter the resistance value of the resistor in the RESISTANCE VALUE ﬁeld.

Caution: The Resistance Value ﬁeld is used in measurement for the calculation of the Rx resistance.

Entering this value incorrectly will cause measurement error.

6. Set the maximum measurement current allowed for the reference resistor.

7. If necessary, enter the calibration date and due date for the external reference resistor. The Super-

Thermometer will use the due date to warn the user when the resistor is due for calibration.

8. Select the SAVE (F1) function key to save the deﬁnition.

9. Press the EXIT key to go up one menu to the Set Up Rs screen. Use the Up/Down arrow keys to

highlight the Rs input to which the external resistor is connected.

10. Select the ASSIGN RESISTOR (F1) function key to open a list of deﬁned reference resistors. Use the

Up/Down arrow keys to highlight the resistor’s deﬁnition. Press the ENTER key to assign the resistor to

the selected Rs input.

11. Now, when selecting the reference resistor in Section 7.2, Measuring a Temperature Probe, on page

61, step 6.a, the newly entered external resistor will appear as an option.

7.6 Making A Zero-Power Measurement

A temperature probe self-heats when measurement current is passed through its sensing element. Typically

self-heating will cause measurement error. The Super-Thermometer Zero-Power function allows the user to

measure how much a probe self-heats. It is also able to automatically measure a probe at zero-power. Use the

following instructions for performing a zero-power measurement:

1. Press and hold the EXIT key to go to the Measurement screen.

2. If necessary, suspend measurement by pressing the STOP MEASUREMENT (F1) function key.

3. Using the instructions in the Getting Started section, connect a temperature probe to one of the

measurement input channels.

4. Conﬁgure the probe deﬁnition ensuring that the MAXIMUM CURRENT ﬁeld is set to a value equal to

or greater than 1.4142 times the nominal current value.

5. Open the ZERO-POWER MEASUREMENT screen by pressing the MENU key, then the MEASURE

MENU (F3) function key, followed by the ZERO-POWER MEASUREMENT (F5) function key.

6. In the Zero-Power Measurement screen, set CHANNEL to the channel where the probe is connected.

7. Set the SETTLE TIME ﬁeld to a sufﬁcient time period to allow the probe to self-heat and stabilize after

current is applied. For most probes 1 minute is sufﬁcient.

8. Set the MEASURE TIME ﬁeld to a time span that allows a sufﬁcient number of samples to be taken.

For example, with a 2-second sample period and 2-second Display Interval, a 1-minute Measurement

Time will yield 30 samples.

9. If necessary, use REPEAT NOMINAL to set the Super-Thermometer to repeat nominal current

measurement after the 1.4142X step is complete. The difference between the beginning and ending

nominal current values will indicate if the probe was sufﬁciently equilibrated during zero-power

measurement.

10. When ready, press the START (F1) function key to start the zero-power sequence of measurements.

11. When the measurements are complete, the results are displayed on the screen.

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Remote Operation

Conﬁguring the Network (LAN) Port

8 Remote Operation

8.1 Introduction

This section contains instructions for controlling the Super-Thermometer remotely through the available re-

mote operation ports. See Table 18 for a list of the available remote operation ports.

The remote operation commands listed at the end of this section are applicable with all of the remote operation

ports.

Table 18 Remote Operation Ports

Description

Connection

Ethernet connector that allows connection to a

network for controlling the instrument and transmitting

measurements

USB port that allows the instrument to be controlled as a

USB peripheral from a computer

9-pin subminiature D type serial port that can be used to

control the instrument via RS-232

IEEE-488 Input/Output that is compatible with IEEE-

488 interface and the IEC 625 Bus for controlling the

instrument

8.2 Conﬁguring the Network (LAN) Port

The LAN (Local Area Network) port allows the Super-Thermometer to be controlled remotely through a

traditional Ethernet IP network. With this port, the user may control the Super-Thermometer remotely using

the commands listed at the end of this section. In addition, once the port is conﬁgured properly, the Super-

Thermometer can be accessed with the Super-Thermometer Interface web application on a PC.

The LAN port implements a 10/100 Base T Ethernet network interface. It supports the protocols TCP/IP,

DHCP, and HTML. The port is disabled by default and must be enabled to be used. The user may select DHCP

or specify a ﬁxed network address.

The network port may be used for remote control of the Super-Thermometer by a PC and interface to network

software such as Telnet or a COM port redirector driver. In this mode, the network port accepts a raw TCP

connection on TCP port number 5025.

CAUTION: When DHCP is enabled, do not remove the Ethernet cable and turn the power off. The cable

needs to remain plugged into the unit while cycling the power.

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Conﬁguring the Network (LAN) Port

Conﬁguring the LAN port is accomplished through the Remote Interface section of the System menu. The

LAN conﬁguration parameters are HARDWARE MAC, DHCP ENABLE, IP ADDRESS, GATEWAY, SUB-

NET MASK, HOST NAME, and CONTROL ENABLE.

To conﬁgure the LAN port settings:

1. Press the MENU key.

2. Select the SYSTEM MENU (F5) function key

3. Select the REMOTE INTERFACE (F2) function key

4. Select the NETWORK (F3) function key

5. Use the following instructions to conﬁgure each setting.

Note: When addressing some LAN addresses, computers will often interpret 0’s in the IP address as

OCTAL values. As an example, if an IP address is entered into the Super-Thermometer as

129.196.017.023 and then an attempt to establish communication to the instrument, the IP address of

129.196.17.23 should be used. Attempting to establish a connection to 120.196.017.023 may result in a

connection request to 129.196.15.19.

Important: When changing LAN settings, leave the Super-Thermometer connected to the network and

cycle the power to activate any changes made.

8.2.1 Hardware Mac Address

HARDWARE MAC is the address of the network port. It is set at the factory and cannot be changed.

8.2.2 Selecting Dynamic Host Conﬁguration Protocol (DHCP)

Dynamic Host Conﬁguration Protocol (DHCP) is a client-server protocol that eliminates having to manually

set permanent/static IP addresses. The DHCP server provides conﬁguration parameters (dynamic IP address,

subnet mask, and default gateway IP addresses) which are required for a client to participate in an IP network,

Using DHCP is the easiest way to conﬁgure the Super-Thermometer for remote operation in a network. DHCP

is enabled by default from the factory. When connected to a network, and the LAN port is enabled, the Super-

Thermometer will try and retrieve the parameters from a DHCP server that are necessary for communication.

If the parameters can’t be obtained, communication will not work.

Important: Before enabling or disabling DHCP, ensure the Super-Thermometer is connected to the

network by plugging the network cable into the LAN port on the Super-Thermometer. Always cycle the

power after making changes to DHCP.

To disable or enable DHCP, in the NETWORK screen, arrow down to DHCP ENABLE and use the Left/Right

arrow keys to select ON (enable) or OFF (disable).

8.2.3 Setting a Static Internet Protocol (IP) Address

An internet (IP) address is required for all internet and TCP/IP communications. If DHCP is enabled, the Su-

per-Thermometer will use the dynamic address supplied by the DHCP server. However, if DHCP is disabled,

the conﬁgured static IP address will be used.

The Super-Thermometer comes from the factory with IP address set to 0.0.0.0.

Note: If the Super-Thermometer will be used on a corporate network and DHCP is not used, contact the

network administrator for a static IP address to be used exclusively by the Super-Thermometer. DHCP

must be disabled to use a static IP address.

To enter a static IP address, use the following steps:

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Remote Operation

Conﬁguring the Network (LAN) Port

1. In the NETWORK screen, use the Up/Down arrow keys to select DHCP ENABLE.

2. IF DHCP is set to ON, use the Left/Right arrow keys to select OFF. Press the ENTER key to save the

change.

3. Arrow down to IP ADDRESS and enter the desired static IP address using the front panel keys. Press

the ENTER key to save the IP address.

4. Cycle the unit’s power to allow the new address to take effect.

8.2.4 Setting the LAN Gateway Address

If communication to the Super-Thermometer passes through a router or gateway, and DHCP is disabled, the

subnet mask and gateway address on both the host computer and the Super-Thermometer must be set. Get the

correct subnet mask and gateway address from the network administrator.

The gateway address is the IP address of a gateway (router) attached to the same network as the Super-Ther-

mometer. When the instrument detects that a host computer is not on the same network (using the network

number), the data is sent through the gateway to reach the host computer.

The gateway address is a 32-bit number. This number is represented as four, 3-digit numbers. The default

subnet mask address set from the factory is 0.0.0.0.

To change gateway address, use the following steps:

Note: Gateway address is not available if DHCP is enabled. Disable DHCP before entering the gateway

address.

1. In the NETWORK screen, use the Up/Down arrow keys to select GATEWAY.

2. Use the front panel numeric keys to enter the gateway address. Press the ENTER key to save the

address.

3. Cycle the unit’s power to allow the new address to take effect.

8.2.5 Setting the LAN Subnet Mask

If communication to the Super-Thermometer passes through a router or gateway, and DHCP is disabled, the

subnet mask and default gateway address on both the host computer and the Super-Thermometer must be set.

Get the correct subnet mask and gateway address from the network administrator.

The subnet mask is a 32-bit number. This number is represented as four, 3-digit numbers. The default subnet

mask address set from the factory is 255.255.255.0.

To change subnet mask address, use the following steps:

Note: Subnet mask address is not available if DHCP is enabled. Disable DHCP before entering the

subnet mask address.

1. In the NETWORK screen, use the Up/Down arrow keys to select SUBNET MASK.

2. Use the front panel numeric keys to enter the subnet mask address. Press the ENTER key to save the

address.

3. Cycle the unit’s power to allow the new address to take effect.

8.2.6 Setting the Host Name

The Host Name is the host portion of the domain name, which is translated into an IP address. The de-

fault host name is “F159X-<serial number>”, where <serial number> is the unique serial number of the

Super-Thermometer.

To change the Host Name, use the following steps:

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Using the Web Interface

1. In the NETWORK screen, use the Up/Down arrow keys to select HOST NAME.

2. While HOST NAME is highlighted, pressing the ENTER key opens the Alpha-Numeric Interface

allowing the user to enter a host name up to 16 characters in length.

3. Select the SAVE (F3) function key to save the newly entered host name.

4. Cycle the unit’s power to allow the new host name to take effect.

8.3 Using the Web Interface

The Super-Thermometer web interface (“Figure 17 Super-Thermometer Web Interface” on page 68) allows

the user to easily communicate with the Super-Thermometer through the Ethernet connection. The web inter-

face is a page that is served by the Super-Thermometer when the LAN port is conﬁgured and connected to a

network. The user is able to access the web interface by simply entering the IP address of the Super-Thermom-

eter in an internet browser.

Important: The LAN port must be properly conﬁgured and connected to a network before the web

interface tool will operate. The computer used to view the web interface must be on the same network.

The Home screen of the web interface displays product information and the current TCP/IP settings of the

Super-Thermometer.The Measure screen of the web interface provides a remote view of the Super-Thermom-

eter display with buttons and selection boxes that allow the user to start and stop measurement, reset statistics,

clear alert messages, enable and disable scan mode, and select measurement channels.

The Terminal screen of the web interface allows the user to enter any remote operation command in the

Command window. If a command requires a reply from the Super-Thermometer, the reply will appear in the

Response window. A password is required to use the Terminal screen. The default password is 1234. A new

password can be conﬁgured in the System Menu, Password screen.

Figure 17 Super-Thermometer Web Interface

8.4 Conﬁguring the USB Port

The rear USB device port (Type B), labeled COMPUTER, allows the Super-Thermometer to be controlled by

a computer as a USB peripheral.

The USB port must be enabled before communication. Use the following steps to enable the rear USB port:

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Remote Operation

Conﬁguring the IEEE-488 Port

1. Press the MENU key.

2. Select the SYSTEM MENU (F5) function key

3. Select the REMOTE INTERFACE (F2) function key

4. Select the USB (F2) function key

5. Use the Left/Right arrow keys to change PORT ENABLE to ON (enable).

Before plugging the USB communication cable from the Super-Thermometer into a computer, make sure

the computer is connected to the internet to allow the USB driver to download and install in the computer

automatically.

If an internet connection is not available, the computer will detect the Super-Thermometer as an unknown

USB device and will prompt for a driver. Insert the DVD provided with the Super-Thermometer into the

computer and browse into the USB driver folder. When the driver is selected, the PC will automatically load it.

The user may be prompted a second time to browse to the USB driver folder and repeat the process.

When the Super-Thermometer is recognized by the computer, it is ready for communication. Search in the

computer’s operating system to ﬁnd the com port address assigned to the USB port connected to the Super-

Thermometer. Once the com port address is identiﬁed, remote operation commands can be sent using the com

port.

8.5 Conﬁguring the RS-232 Serial Port

The RS-232 serial port implements the RS-232 communication standard. This port is always enabled. The RS-

232 parameters are 8 data bits, one stop bit, and no parity. The baud rate is user-selected. The physical port is a

9-pin D connector.

To conﬁgure the port, use the following to open the RS-232 conﬁguration screen:

1. Press the MENU key.

2. Select the SYSTEM MENU (F5) function key

3. Select the REMOTE INTERFACE (F2) function key

4. Select the SERIAL (F1) function key

The RS-233 conﬁguration settings are BAUD RATE and LINEFEED. Conﬁgure these settings as needed.

8.6 Conﬁguring the IEEE-488 Port

The IEEE-488 port implements a common standard parallel instrument interface bus. The port is disabled by

default and must be enabled to be used. The user may specify the bus address. It provides the following IEEE-

488 deﬁned capabilities: SH1, AH1, T6, TE0, L4, LE0, SR1, RL0, PP0, DC1, DT0, C0, E2.

The IEEE-488 conﬁguration settings are PORT ENABLE, ADDRESS, and TERMINATION. To make

changes to these settings, use the following steps to go to the IEEE-488 conﬁguration screen:

1. Press the MENU key.

2. Select the SYSTEM MENU (F5) function key

3. Select the REMOTE INTERFACE (F2) function key

4. Select the IEEE-488 (F4) function key

To use the port, ensure PORT ENABLE is set to ON (Enable) and set ADDRESS to an address that is not be-

ing used by another device on the IEEE-488 bus. The address may be set to a number between 1 and 30. The

default address is 22. Always press the ENTER key after changing the address.

TERMINATION determines if a carriage return character (ASCII code 13) or linefeed character (ASCII code

10) terminates a response. The default option is LINEFEED. An IEEE-488 EOI message also accompanies the

ﬁnal character of every transmission.

The IEEE-488 port accepts either or any combination of, a linefeed, carriage return, or EOI as a terminator.

The CLEAR INTERFACE (F1) function key is used to clear the input and output buffers and reset the IEEE-

488 interface, just as if the IFC or SDC control message was received.

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Interface Commands

8.7 Interface Commands

An alphabetical listing of the commands implemented by the Super-Thermometer is shown in Table 19 on

page 70. These commands can be used with all of the remote operation ports. An example and description

of each command is included following the Remote Operations Command table.

8.7.1 Command Syntax

The Super-Thermometer accepts commands that set parameters, execute functions or respond with requested

data. Commands are in the form of strings of ASCII-encoded characters. Commands consist of a command

header and, if necessary, parameter data. All commands must be terminated with either a carriage return

(ASCII 0D hex or 13 decimal) or new line character (ASCII 0A hex or 10 decimal). Letter characters in com-

mands are not case sensitive.

Command headers consist of one or more mnemonics separated by colons (:). Mnemonics use letter characters

and possibly numeric digits as well. Commands as published use abbreviated words for mnemonics. Only

the ﬁrst three or four characters of each word in a received command are recognized, and subsequent letters

are ignored. This allows a user to use the full word if desired, for instance “FETCH?” instead of “FETC?”. A

mnemonic may end with a numeric sufﬁx that speciﬁes one of a set of independent function blocks such as

input channel data paths. If a numeric sufﬁx is omitted when a particular block must be speciﬁed, an error is

generated in the error queue (“Header sufﬁx out of range”).

Query commands are commands that request data in response. Query commands have a question mark (?) im-

mediately following the command header. Some commands require parameter data to specify values for one or

more parameters. The command header is separated from the parameter data by a space (ASCII 20 hex or 32

decimal). Multiple parameters, when required, are separated by a comma (,).

This product does not support compound commands (multiple commands per line separated with semicolons).

All commands are sequential: the execution of each command and any associated response is completed be-

fore any subsequent command is processed.

Some commands may be password-protected, so that the associated setting cannot be changed without ﬁrst

issuing the password access enable command (SYST:PASS:CEN). Some commands may conditionally be

password-protected, depending on the associated group password protection setting. The level of password

protection is so indicated in the description for each command, unless the command is never protected. Read-

ing a setting is always allowed.

In the commands lists and descriptions that follow, brackets [] indicate optional usage. For a <boolean>

parameter, “0” or “1” is accepted, or alternately “OFF” or “ON”; a corresponding response to a query is either

“0” or “1” only. Many parameters may be given as “DEF”, “MIN”, or “MAX” to set the setting to its default,

minimum, or maximum value respectively. A setting’s default, minimum, or maximum value may be deter-

mined using the query form of the command and adding a parameter “DEF”, “MIN”, or “MAX” respectively.

8.7.2 List of Commands

The following table lists the commands in alphabetical order.

Table 19 Report Operation Commands

Associated Setting or

Function (screen)

Command

*CLS

Function

Clears all status registers and the error queue

Sets the Standard Event Status Enable Register

*ESE

*ESR?

Reads and clears the Standard Event Status

*IDN?

*RST

*SRE

*STB?

Reads the product information

Resets operating settings to deﬁned values

Sets the Service Request Enable Register

Reads the Status Byte Register

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Remote Operation

Interface Commands

Associated Setting or

Function (screen)

Command

Function

CAL:DATE

Sets the instrument’s date of calibration

Calibration Date (Calibration

Parameters)

CAL:PAR:LIN<n>

CAL:PAR:RES

CAL:PAR:ZERO

Sets a calibration linearity correction parameter

Linearity C<n> (Calibration

Parameters)

Sets the calibrated resistance of an internal

reference resistor

— W Resistor (Calibration

Parameters)

Sets the calibration zero correction parameter

Zero Correction (Calibration

Parameters)

CALC<n>:AVER:ALL?

CALC<n>:AVER:AVER?

CALC<n>:AVER:CLEA

CALC:AVER:COUN

Reads a channel’s statistical values

Reads a channel’s statistical mean

Clears a channel’s statistics

(Main Screen)

Mean (Main Screen)

RESET STATISTICS (Main Screen)

Sample Count (Statistics Settings)

Maximum (Main Screen)

Minimum (Main Screen)

Std Dev (Main Screen)

Sets the statistics Sample Count setting

Reads a channel’s statistical maximum

Reads a channel’s statistical minimum

CALC<n>:AVER:MAX?

CALC<n>:AVER:MIN?

CALC<n>:AVER:SDEV?

Reads a channel’s statistical sample standard

deviation

CALC<n>:AVER:SEM?

Reads a channel’s statistical standard error of the

mean

SE of Mean (Main Screen)

CALC<n>:AVER:SPR?

CALC<n>:AVER:SSIZ?

CALC:AVER:TCON

CALC:DELT:CHAN

CALC<n>:DELT:DATA?

CALC:DELT:MODE

CALC:DELT:OFFS

CALC<n>:TYPE

Reads a channel’s statistical spread

Reads a channel’s statistical sample size

Sets the Statistics Mode setting

Sets the Delta Channel setting

Spread (Main Screen)

N (Main Screen)

Statistics Mode (Statistics Settings)

Delta Channel (Statistics Settings)

Delta (Main Screen)

Reads a channel’s delta result

Sets the Delta Mode setting

Delta Mode (Statistics Settings)

Delta Offset (Statistics Settings)

Calculation (Channel Settings)

Sets the Delta Offset setting

Sets the channel’s Calculation setting

Sets the data recording Record Statistics setting

DATA:REC:ALL

Record Statistics (Recording

Settings)

DATA:REC:FILE

DATA:REC:MEM

DATA:REC[:STAT]

Sets the data recording USB File setting

Sets the data recording Memory Device setting

Enables data recording

USB File (Recording Settings)

Memory Device (Recording Settings)

START/STOP RECORDING (Main

Screen)

DISP:ALER:CLEA?

DISP:ALER[:READ]?

DISP:DATE:FORM

DISP:DEC:FORM

Clears any alert message that is active

Reads the display alert message

Sets the display Date Format setting

Sets the display Decimal setting

CLEAR MESSAGE (Main Screen)

(Main Screen)

Date Format (Display Settings)

Decimal (Display Settings)

DISP:FIEL:FEED<n>?

Reads a statistics ﬁeld setting of the visible statistics (Main Screen)

ﬁelds memory set

DISP:FIEL:MEM[?] <n>

Reads or sets the statistics ﬁelds memory set for

display

Recall Memory (Field Settings)

DISP:FIEL:MEM<n>:FEED

Reads or sets a statistics ﬁeld setting of a statistics

ﬁelds memory set

Field <n> (Field Settings)

DISP:LANG

Sets the display Language setting

Language (Display Settings)

DISP:TEMP:DIG

Sets the display Temperature Resolution setting

Temperature Resolution (Display

Settings)

DISP:WARN:DUE

DISP:WARN:ITS

Sets the display Rs Due Warning enable

Rs Due Warning (Display Settings)

Sets the display ITS-90 Subrange Warning enable

ITS-90 Subrange Warning (Display

Settings)

FETC?

Reads a channel’s latest measurement

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Interface Commands

Associated Setting or

Function (screen)

Command

Function

INIT:CONT

Starts or stops measurement

START/STOP MEASURING (Main

Screen)

INIT:STOP:BEEP

INIT:STOP:DUR

Sets the stop timer’s Timer Beep setting

Sets the stop timer’s Timer Duration setting

Stop Timer Enable (Timing Settings)

Stop Timer Duration (Timing

Settings)

INIT:STOP[:STAT]

INIT:STOP:TIME?

Sets the Stop Timer Enable

Stop Timer Enable (Timing Settings)

Reads the stop timer’s time remaining

Stop Timer time remaining (Main

Screen)

INP<n>:CURR

Sets a channel’s Sensing Current setting

Reads a channel’s actual sensing current

Sets a channel’s Standby Current enable

Adds a new probe deﬁnition to the Probe Library

Sensing Current (Channel Settings)

INP<n>:CURR:DATA?

INP<n>:CURR:STAN

INP:PROB:ADD

Standby Current (Channel Settings)

ADD PROBE (Probe Menu)

INP:PROB:COUN?

Reads the number of probe deﬁnitions in the Probe

Library

INP:PROB:DEL

Deletes a probe deﬁnition from the Resistor Library

Reads the ID of the ﬁrst probe in the Probe Library

Assigns a probe deﬁnition to the channel

DELETE PROBE (Manage Probes)

ASSIGN PROBE (Channel Menu)

INP:PROB:FIRS?

INP<n>:PROB:IDEN

INP:PROB:NEXT?

INP:PROB:PAR

Reads the ID of the next probe in the Probe Library

Sets the value of a setting in a resistor deﬁnition

EDIT PROBE (Probe Menu)

INP:PROB:TEST?

Reads the temperature calculated from resistance

using the probe deﬁnition

TEST CALCULATION (Edit Probe)

INP:REAR<n>:RS:IDEN

Sets the reference resistor assigned to a rear

reference resistor input

ASSIGN RESISTOR (Set Up Rs)

INP:RS:ADD

Adds a new resistor deﬁnition to the Resistor Library ADD RESISTOR (Deﬁne Resistor)

INP:RS:COUN?

Reads the number of resistor deﬁnitions in the

Resistor Library

INP:RS:DEL

Delete the resistor ID from the Resistor Library

DELETE RESISTOR (Manage

Resistors)

INP:RS:FIRS?

INP<n>:RS:IDEN

INP:RS:NEXT?

Reads the ID of the ﬁrst resistor in the Resistor

Library

Sets the reference resistor assigned to a front

reference resistor input

ASSIGN RESISTOR (Set Up Rs)

Reads the ID of the next resistor in the Resistor

Library

INP:RS:OVEN:STAB

INP:RS:PAR

Reads the oven stable condition

Sets the value of a setting in a resistor deﬁnition

Sets a channel’s Reference Resistor (Rs) setting

Selects one channel for measurement

EDIT RESISTOR (Deﬁne Resistor)

Active Channel (Main Screen)

INP<n>:RS:ROUT

ROUT:CLOS

ROUT:CLOS:STAT?

Returns the channel number of whatever channel is

actively being measured

ROUT:SCAN

Enables channels for scanning

ROUT:SCAN:ADD

ROUT:SCAN:ALT

ROUT:SCAN:DEL

ROUT:SCAN:REF

ROUT:SCAN:REP

ROUT:SCAN:STAT

SENS:APER

Adds channels to the scan list

Sets the scan Alternate Reference setting

Removes channels from the scan list

Sets the scan Reference Channel setting

Sets the scan Repeat Count setting

Sets the Scan Enable setting

Alternate Reference (Scan Settings)

Reference Channel (Scan Settings)

Repeat Count (Scan Settings)

Scan Enable (Scan Settings)

Sets the measurement time and Display Interval

Display Interval (Timing Settings)

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Remote Operation

Interface Commands

Associated Setting or

Function (screen)

Command

Function

SENS:APER:PRES

Sets the measurement timing settings to preset

values

PRESET PRECISION PRESET

FAST PRESET LONG (Timing

Settings)

SENS:APER:SAMP

SENS:AVER1

Sets the measurement Sample Period

Sets the Average Enable for the sample average

Sets the digital ﬁlter’s Filter Enable

Sample Period (Timing Settings)

Average Enable (Timing Settings)

Filter Enable (Digital Filter)

SENS:AVER2

SENS:AVER2:COUN

SENS:AVER2:CLEA

SENS<n>:DATA?

SENS<n>:RRAT:DATA?

Sets the digital ﬁlter’s Average Count setting

Clears the digital ﬁlter buffer

Average Count (Digital Filter)

CLEAR FILTER f-key (Digital Filter)

Reads a channel’s latest resistance measurement

Reads a channel’s latest resistance ratio

measurement

STAT:OPER?

Reads and clears the Operation Status Event

STAT:OPER:COND?

STAT:OPER:ENAB

STAT:PRES

Reads the Operation Status Condition Register

Sets the Operation Status Enable Register

Sets the status enable registers to deﬁned states

STAT:QUES?

Reads and clears the Questionable Status Event

STAT:QUES:COND?

STAT:QUES:ENAB

Reads the Questionable Status Condition Register

Sets the Questionable Status Enable Register

Produces an immediate beep from the speaker

Sets the Keypad Beep setting

SYST:BEEP

SYST:BEEP:KEY

Keypad Beep (Display Settings)

Alert Beep (Display Settings)

SYST:BEEP:ALER

Sets the Alert Beep setting

SYST:CODE:VERS?

SYST:COMM:GPIB:ADDR

SYST:COMM:GPIB[:STAT]

SYST:COMM:GPIB:TERM

SYST:COMM:SER:BAUD

SYST:COMM:SER:LIN

SYST:COMM:SOCK:ADDR

SYST:COMM:SOCK:CONT

SYST:COMM:SOCK:DHCP

SYST:COMM:SOCK:GAT

SYST:COMM:SOCK:KEEP

SYST:COMM:SOCK:MAC?

SYST:COMM:SOCK:MASK

SYST:COMM:SOCK:NAME

SYST:COMM:USB[:STAT]

SYST:CONF:CHAN?

SYST:CONF:SCAN?

SYST:DATE

Read the ﬁrmware code version

Sets the IEEE-488 port’s Address setting

Sets the IEEE-488 port’s Port Enable setting

Sets the IEEE-488 port’s Termination setting

Sets the serial port Baud Rate setting

Sets the serial port Linefeed setting

Address (IEEE-488 Port)

Port Enable (IEEE-488 Port)

Termination (IEEE-488 Port)

Baud Rate (Serial Port)

Linefeed (Serial Port)

Sets the network port’s IP Address setting

Sets the network port’s Control Enable setting

Sets the network port’s DHCP Enable

Sets the network port’s Gateway setting

Sets the network port’s keep-alive timeout

Reads the network port’s Hardware MAC address

Sets the network port’s Subnet Mask setting

Sets the network port’s Host Name

IP Address (Network Port)

Control Enable (Network Port)

DHCP Enable (Network Port)

Gateway (Network Port)

Hardware MAC (Network Port)

Subnet Mask (Network Port)

Host Name (Network Port)

Port Enable (USB Port)

Sets the USB port’s Port Enable

Reads the number of available channels

Reads the model number of an attached scanner

Sets the Date of the system clock

Date (Time and Date)

SYST:ERR?

Reads the next error in the error queue

Sets the front-panel key lock

SYST:KLOC

SYST:PASS:CDIS

Disables access to password-protected settings

Enables access to password-protected settings

Returns the password access state

SYST:PASS:CEN

SYST:PASS:CEN:STAT?

SYST:PASS:GROU:MEAS

SYST:PASS:GROU:PROB

Sets the password Measure Protection setting

Sets the password Probe Protection setting

Measure Protection (Password)

Probe Protection (Password)

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Interface Commands

Associated Setting or

Function (screen)

Command

Function

SYST:PASS:GROU:RES

SYST:PASS:GROU:TIME

SYST:PASS:NEW

SYST:PON:MIN?

SYST:TIME

Sets the password Resistor Protection setting

Sets the password Time/Date Protection setting

Changes the password

Resistor Protection (Password)

Time/Date Protection (Password)

Password (Password)

Reads the time in minutes since power-on

Sets the Time of the system clock

Sets the Daylight Saving automatic adjust setting

Sets the conﬁguration of the sensing current test

Starts or stops the sensing current test

Cancels a linearity self-test

Time (Time and Date)

SYST:TIME:DAYL

TEST:CURR:CONF

TEST:CURR[:STAT]

TEST:LIN:ABOR

TEST:LIN:INIT

Daylight Saving (Time and Date)

CURRENT TEST (Calibration)

LINEARITY TEST (Calibration)

Starts linearity calibration

TEST:LIN:PAR?

Reads the suggested linearity calibration parameters LINEARITY TEST (Calibration)

TEST:LIN:REP<n>?

TEST:LIN:STAT?

TEST:LIN:TIME?

TEST:LIN:TOL<n>?

TEST:SYST:ABOR

TEST:SYST:INIT

TEST:SYST:REP<n>?

TEST:SYST:STAT?

UNIT:TEMP

Reads the linearity self-test report

Reads the state of the linearity self-test

Reads the time remaining of the linearity self-test

Reads a linearity calibration error tolerance

Cancel a system self-test

LINEARITY TEST (Calibration)

SYSTEM TEST (Calibration)

Unit (Temperature Unit)

Initiate a system self-test

Reads the report from a system self-test

Read the completion state of the system self-test

Set the temperature Unit

8.7.3 Descriptions of Commands

The function of each command as well as an example of each is listed below.

8.7.3.1 *CLS

Clears all status registers and the error queue. Speciﬁcally, this command clears the Standard Event Status

STAT:OPER?, on page 94), Questionable Status Event Register (see Section 8.7.3.92, ST A T:QUES?, on

page 94), and system error queue (see Section 8.7.3.1 16, SYST:ERR?, on page 98). The Status Byte Reg-

ister (see Section 8.7.3.7, *STB?, on page 76) is updated to show the new state of the registers.

8.7.3.2 *ESE <value>

Example command: *ESE 16

Query form: *ESE?

Sets the Standard Event Status Enable Register. This mask register determines which corresponding bits of the

Standard Event Status Register (see Section 8.7.3.3, *ESR?, on page 74) affect the ESB summary message

(bit 5) of the Status Byte Register.

8.7.3.3 *ESR?

Example response: 160

Reads and clears the Standard Event Status Register. This indicates any of several events deﬁned by the IEEE-

488.2 standard and which are listed in the following table. Reading the Standard Event Status Register clears

it. The register is also cleared by the *CLS command.

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Remote Operation

Interface Commands

Bit

Event

OPC, Operation Complete

Request control (not used)

Query error

Device dependent error

Execution error

Command error

User request (not used)

Power on

8.7.3.4 *IDN?

Example response: FLUKE,1594,A9C111,1.10/1.00

Reads the instrument information.

The response is given in the following format:

8.7.3.5 *RST

Sets operating settings to default states.

The following settings are affected:

●●

Any self-test in progress is canceled

●●

Measurement enable is set to OFF

●●

Channel 2 enable is set to ON, all other channels OFF

●●

Scan Enable is set to ON

●●

Repeat Count is set to 1

●●

Alternate Reference is set to OFF

●●

Reference Channel is set to channel 2

●●

Timing settings are preset to NORMAL presets

●●

Stop Timer Enable is set to OFF

●●

Timer Duration is set to 3600 s

●●

Timer Beep is set to ON

●●

Filter Enable is set to ON

●●

Time Window is set to 60

●●

Statistics Mode is set to UNLIMITED

●●

Sample Count is set to 100

●●

Delta Mode is set to OFFSET

●●

Delta Offset is set to 0.

●●

Delta Channel is set to channel 2

●●

Unit is set to °C

●●

The key lock setting is set to off

●●

Statistics are reset

Not affected are channel settings other than enable, probe deﬁnitions, resistor deﬁnitions, recording settings,

display settings other than Unit, remote interface settings, time and date, password settings, and calibration

settings.

8.7.3.6 *SRE <value>

Example command: *SRE 16

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Interface Commands

Query form: *SRE?

Sets the Service Request Enable register. This mask register determines which corresponding bits of the Status

Byte Register (see Section 8.7.3.7, *STB?, on page 76) affect the MSS master summary bit (bit 6) of the

Status Byte Register and generate a service request from the IEEE-488 port.

8.7.3.7 *STB?

Example response: 16

Reads the Status Byte Register. This indicates any of several events deﬁned by the IEEE-488.2 and SCPI stan-

dards and which are listed in the following table. Reading the Status Byte Register does not affect it.

Bit

Condition

(not used)

Error

Questionable status

Message available

Event status

Master summary status

Operation status

8.7.3.8 CAL:DATE <year>,<month>,<day>

Example command: CAL:DATE 2009,8,21

Query form: CAL:DATE?

Password protection: unconditional

Sets the instrument’s date of calibration.

8.7.3.9 CAL:PAR:LIN<n> <value>

Query form: CAL:PAR:LIN1?

Password protection: unconditional

Sets a calibration Linearity C<n> parameter.

These settings may be used to apply a linearity correction to the measurement circuit.

IMPORTANT: Calibration parameters should not be changed except as part of the Super-Thermometer

calibration procedure performed by a qualiﬁed service technician.

8.7.3.10 CAL:PAR:RES<n> <value>

Query form: CAL:PAR:RES<n>?

Password protection: unconditional

Sets the calibrated resistance of an internal reference resistor. Sufﬁx <n> speciﬁes the resistor; 1: 1 Ω; 2: 10 Ω;

3: 25 Ω; 4: 100 Ω; 5: 10 kΩ.

IMPORTANT: Calibration parameters should not be changed except as part of the Super-Thermometer cali-

bration procedure performed by a qualiﬁed service technician.

8.7.3.11 CAL:PAR:ZERO <value>

Query form: CAL:PAR:ZERO?

Password protection: unconditional

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Remote Operation

Interface Commands

Sets the calibration Zero Correction parameter.

This setting may be used to apply a zero correction to the measurement circuit.

IMPORTANT: Calibration parameters should not be changed except as part of the Super-Thermometer

calibration procedure performed by a qualiﬁed service technician.

8.7.3.12 CALC<n>:AVER:ALL?

Example command: CALC3:AVER:ALL?

Example response: 231.928581,0.000488,0.000212,231.92862,231.928479,23

Example response: 231.928581,,,231.928581,231.928581,1

Example response: ,,,,,0

Reads a channel’s statistical mean, standard deviation, standard error of the mean, maximum, minimum, and

sample size.

Sufﬁx <n> is the channel number: 1 through 4 for the corresponding front channel input, 5 through 14 for

channels of the ﬁrst attached scanner, and 15 through 24 for channels of the second attached scanner.

The response is given in the following format:

If a value is invalid or not available, the ﬁeld is left empty in the response (the associated ﬁeld separator

comma remains).

The statistical values have the same unit as the measurement returned by the FETC? command. If the calcula-

tion is temperature, the unit of measurement is determined by the Unit setting (see Section 5.7.4.5, TEMPER-

A T URE UNIT (F5), on page 50).

8.7.3.13 CALC<n>:AVER:AVER?

Example command: CALC3:AVER:AVER?

Example response: 231.928581

Reads a channel’s statistical mean (see Section 5.7.4.2, FIELD SETTINGS (F2), on page 48).

Sufﬁx <n> is the channel number: 1 through 4 for the corresponding front channel input, 5 through 14 for

channels of the ﬁrst attached scanner, and 15 through 24 for channels of the second attached scanner.

The returned value has the same units as the measurement returned by the FETC? command. If the calculation

is temperature, the unit of measurement is determined by the Unit setting see Section 5.7.4.5, TEMPERA-

TURE UNIT (F5), on page 50).

If no result is available, no response is returned and error -230,“Data corrupt or stale” is generated in the error

queue.

8.7.3.14 CALC[<n>]:AVER:CLEA

Example command: CALC:AVER:CLEAR

Clears a channel’s statistics.

Sufﬁx <n> is the channel number: 1 through 4 for the corresponding front channel input, 5 through 14 for

channels of the ﬁrst attached scanner, and 15 through 24 for channels of the second attached scanner. If the

sufﬁx number is omitted, statistics for all channels are cleared. This is equivalent to pressing the RESET STA-

TISTICS function key in the Main Screen.

The *RST command also clears the statistics for all channels.

8.7.3.15 CALC:AVER:COUN <value>

Example command: CALC:AVER:COUNT 50

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Interface Commands

Query form: CALC:AVER:COUN?

Alternate parameter: DEF, MIN, MAX

Sets the statistics Sample Count setting.

Parameter <value> is the maximum number of samples in the moving window when the Statistics Mode set-

ting is LIMITED (see Section 8.7.3.22, CALC:A V ER:TCON NORM|MO V , o n page 79). The range is 1

through 100 and the default is 100.

The *RST command sets Sample Count to 100.

8.7.3.16 CALC<n>:AVER:MAX?

Example command: CALC3:AVER:MAX?

Example response: 231.928833

Reads a channel’s statistical maximum (see Section 5.7.4.2, FIELD SETTINGS (F2), on page 48).

Sufﬁx <n> is the channel number: 1 through 4 for the corresponding front channel input, 5 through 14 for

channels of the ﬁrst attached scanner, and 15 through 24 for channels of the second attached scanner.

The returned value has the same units as the measurement returned by the FETC? command. If the calculation

is temperature, the unit of measurement is determined by the Unit setting (see Section 5.7.4.5, TEMPERA-

TURE UNIT (F5), on page 50).

If no result is available, no response is returned and error -230,“Data corrupt or stale” is generated in the error

queue.

8.7.3.17 CALC<n>:AVER:MIN?

Example command: CALC3:AVER:MIN?

Example response: 231.928207

Reads a channel’s statistical minimum (see Section 5.7.4.2, FIELD SETTINGS (F2), on page 48).

Sufﬁx <n> is the channel number: 1 through 4 for the corresponding front channel input, 5 through 14 for

channels of the ﬁrst attached scanner, and 15 through 24 for channels of the second attached scanner.

The returned value has the same units as the measurement returned by the FETC? command. If the calculation

is temperature, the unit of measurement is determined by the Unit setting (see Section 5.7.4.5, TEMPERA-

TURE UNIT (F5), on page 50).

If no result is available, no response is returned and error -230,“Data corrupt or stale” is generated in the error

queue.

8.7.3.18 CALC<n>:AVER:SDEV?

Example command: CALC3:AVER:SDEV?

Example response: 0.000144

Reads a channel’s statistical sample standard deviation (see Section 5.7.4.2, FIELD SETTINGS (F2), on page

48).

Sufﬁx <n> is the channel number: 1 through 4 for the corresponding front channel input, 5 through 14 for

channels of the ﬁrst attached scanner, and 15 through 24 for channels of the second attached scanner.

The returned value has the same units as the measurement returned by the FETC? command. If the calculation

is temperature, the unit of measurement is determined by the Unit setting (see Section 5.7.4.5, TEMPERA-

TURE UNIT (F5), on page 50).

The standard deviation is available if at least four measurements have been acquired from the channel. If

no result is available, no response is returned and error -230,“Data corrupt or stale” is generated in the error

queue.

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Remote Operation

Interface Commands

8.7.3.19 CALC<n>:AVER:SEM?

Example command: CALC3:AVER:SEM?

Example response: 0.000039

Reads a channel’s statistical standard error of the mean (see Section 5.7.4.2, FIELD SETTINGS (F2), on page

48).

Sufﬁx <n> is the channel number: 1 through 4 for the corresponding front channel input, 5 through 14 for

channels of the ﬁrst attached scanner, and 15 through 24 for channels of the second attached scanner.

The returned value has the same units as the measurement returned by the FETC? command. If the calculation

is temperature, the unit of measurement is determined by the Unit setting (see Section 5.7.4.5, TEMPERA-

TURE UNIT (F5), on page 50).

The standard error of the mean is available if at least four measurements have been acquired from the channel.

If no result is available, no response is returned and error -230,“Data corrupt or stale” is generated in the error

queue.

8.7.3.20 CALC<n>:AVER:SPR?

Example command: CALC3:AVER:SPREAD?

Example response: 0.000626

Reads a channel’s statistical spread (see Section 5.7.4.2, FIELD SETTINGS (F2), on page 48).

Sufﬁx <n> is the channel number: 1 through 4 for the corresponding front channel input, 5 through 14 for

channels of the ﬁrst attached scanner, and 15 through 24 for channels of the second attached scanner.

The returned value has the same units as the measurement returned by the FETC? command. If the calculation

is temperature, the unit of measurement is determined by the Unit setting (see Temperature Unit (F5) in the

Display Menu).

If no result is available, no response is returned and error -230,“Data corrupt or stale” is generated in the error

queue.

8.7.3.21 CALC<n>:AVER:SSIZ?

Example command: CALC3:AVER:SSIZE?

Example response: 40

Reads a channel’s statistical sample size (see Section 5.7.4.2, FIELD SETTINGS (F2), on page 48).

Sufﬁx <n> is the channel number: 1 through 4 for the corresponding front channel input, 5 through 14 for

channels of the ﬁrst attached scanner, and 15 through 24 for channels of the second attached scanner.

8.7.3.22 CALC:AVER:TCON NORM|MOV

Query form: CALC:AVER:TCON?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the Statistics Mode setting (see Section 5.7.4.3, ST A T ISTICS SETTINGS (F3), on page 49).

If the parameter is NORM (normal), the sample size is unlimited; the sample set accumulates until the statis-

tics are cleared. If the parameter is MOV (moving window), the sample size is limited, and once the sample

size reaches the Sample Count value, earliest samples are removed from the sample set when new samples are

added.

The *RST command sets Statistics Mode to the default setting which is NORM (UNLIMITED).

8.7.3.23 CALC:DELT:CHAN <channel>

Example command: CALC:DELT:CHAN 1

Query form: CALC:DELT:CHAN?

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Interface Commands

Sets the Delta Channel setting (see Section 5.7.4.3, ST A T ISTICS SETTINGS (F3), on page 49).

Parameter <channel> is the channel number to use as the reference, which may be 1 through 4 for the cor-

responding front channel input, 5 through 14 for channels of the ﬁrst attached scanner, and 15 through 24 for

channels of the second attached scanner.

This setting is only meaningful when Delta Mode is set to CHANNEL.

The *RST command sets Delta Channel to 2.

8.7.3.24 CALC<n>:DELT:DATA?

Example command: CALC3:DELT:DATA?

Example response: 0.104428

Reads a channel’s delta result (see Section 5.7.4.2, FIELD SETTINGS (F2), on page 48).

Sufﬁx <n> is the channel number: 1 through 4 for the corresponding front channel input, 5 through 14 for

channels of the ﬁrst attached scanner, and 15 through 24 for channels of the second attached scanner.

No result will be available if no measurement has been acquired on a designated Delta Channel or if the two

measurements have different units. If no result is available, no response is returned and error -230,“Data cor-

rupt or stale” is generated in the error queue.

8.7.3.25 CALC:DELT:MODE OFFS|CHAN

Query form: CALC:DELT:MODE?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the Delta Mode setting (see Section 5.7.4.3, ST A T ISTICS SETTINGS (F3), on page 49).

If the parameter is OFFS (OFFSET), the delta result is calculated by subtracting the Delta Offset setting’s

value from the channel’s measurement. If the parameter is CHAN (CHANNEL), the delta result is calculated

by subtracting the measurement from the channel determined by the Delta Channel setting from the channel’s

measurement.

The *RST command sets Delta Mode to the default setting which is OFFS.

8.7.3.26 CALC:DELT:OFFS <value>

Query form: CALC:DELT:OFFS?

Sets the Delta Offset setting (see Section 5.7.4.3, ST A T ISTICS SETTINGS (F3), on page 49).

This setting is only meaningful when Delta Mode is set to OFFSET.

The *RST command sets Delta Offset to the default value which is 0.

8.7.3.27 CALC<n>:TYPE TEMP|RES|RAT

Query form: CALC<n>:TYPE?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the channel’s Calculation setting.

Sufﬁx <n> speciﬁes the channel number: 1 through 4 for the corresponding front channel input, 5 through 14

for channels of the ﬁrst attached scanner, and 15 through 24 for channels of the second attached scanner. The

default setting may depend on the probe and reference resistor settings.

8.7.3.28 DATA:REC:ALL <boolean>

Query form: DATA:REC:ALL?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the data recording Record Statistics setting (see Section 5.7.3.4.1, RECORDING SETTINGS (F1), on

page 42). The default is ON.

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Remote Operation

Interface Commands

8.7.3.29 DATA:REC:FILE <name>

Query form: DATA:REC:FILE?

Sets the data recording USB File name (see Section 5.7.3.4.1, RECORDING SETTINGS (F1), on page 42).

8.7.3.30 DATA:REC:MEM INT|USB|BOTH

Query form: DATA:REC:MEM?

Sets the data recording Memory Device (see Section 5.7.3.4.1, RECORDING SETTINGS (F1), on page

42).

8.7.3.31 DATA:REC[:STAT] <boolean>

Query form: DATA:REC?

Starts or stops recording. This is equivalent to pressing the START RECORDING or STOP RECORDING

function key in the Main Screen. A <boolean> parameter value 1 enables recording; 0 disables recording.

The *RST command has no effect on this setting.

8.7.3.32 DISP:ALER:CLEA

Clears any alert message that is active.

8.7.3.33 DISP:ALER[:READ]?

Example response: 1,“Maximum temperature exceeded”

Reads the active alert message. The response given is the alert message number and description, comma-sepa-

rated and with the description enclosed in quotation marks. If no alert message is active, the response is 0,”No

alert”. The following table lists the possible responses:

Alert

Cause

0,“No alert”

No alert message is active.

1,“Maximum temperature exceeded” A measured temperature exceeds the limit deﬁned for a probe.

2,“ITS-90 subrange exceeded”

A measured temperature is outside the ITS-90 subranges deﬁned for

a probe.

3,“Resistor due for calibration”

A deﬁned resistor in the Resistor Library is past due for calibration.

The active alert message may be cleared using the DISP:ALER:CLEA command.

8.7.3.34 DISP:DATE:FORMYMD|DMY|MDY

Query form: DISP:DATE:FORM?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the display Date Format setting (see Section 5.7.4.1, USER SETTINGS (F1), on page 47). The default

setting is YMD.

8.7.3.35 DISP:DEC:FORM PER|COMM

Query form: DISP:DATE:FORM?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the display Decimal setting (see Section 5.7.4.1, USER SETTINGS (F1), on page 47). The default set-

ting is PER.

8.7.3.36 DISP:FIEL:FEED<n>?

Example command: DISP:FIEL:FEED4?

Example response: DEF

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Interface Commands

Reads a statistics ﬁeld setting of the visible statistics ﬁelds memory set (see Section 5.7.4.2, FIELD SE T -

TINGS (F2), on page 48).

Sufﬁx <n> is the ﬁeld number, which may be 1 through 4. The response will be one of the following: MEAN,

SDEV, SEM, MAX, MIN, SPR, N, DELT, RES, RAT, TIME, or DATE.

8.7.3.37 DISP:FIEL:MEM <n>

Example command: DISP:FIEL:MEM 4

Query form: DISP:FIEL:MEM<n>?

Alternate parameter: MIN, MAX, DEF

Reads or sets a statistics ﬁelds memory set for display (see Section 5.7.4.2, FIELD SETTINGS (F2), on page

48).

The parameter <n> may be a number from 1 to 4.

8.7.3.38 DISP:FIEL:MEM<n1>:FEED<n2> <feed>

Example command: DISP:FIEL:MEM4:FEED4 TIME

Query form: DISP:FIEL:MEM<n1>:FEED<n2>?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Reads or sets a statistics ﬁeld setting of a statistics ﬁelds memory set (see Section 5.7.4.2, FIELD SETTINGS

(F2), on page 48).

Sufﬁx <n1> is the memory set number, which may be 1 through 4. Sufﬁx <n2> is the ﬁeld number, which may

be 1 through 4. The parameter <feed> may be one of the following: MEAN, SDEV, SEM, MAX, MIN, SPR,

N, DELT, RES, RAT, TIME, or DATE.

8.7.3.39 DISP:HELP <boolean>

Query form: DISP:HELP?

Sets the display Start-up Help Screen enable.

This setting determines whether the Start-up Help Screen appears at power-on. By default it is 1 and the Start-

up Help Screen appears each time the instrument is powered on. If the setting is changed to 0, the Start-up

Help Screen will no longer appear.

Query form: DISP:LANG?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the display Language setting (see Section 5.7.4.1, USER SETTINGS (F1), on page 47). The default

setting is ENGLISH.

8.7.3.41 DISP:TEMP:DIG <digits>

Query form: DISP:TEMP:DIG?

Alternate parameter: DEF, MIN, MAX

Sets the display Temperature Resolution setting (see Section 5.7.4.1, USER SETTINGS (F1), on page 47).

Parameter <digits> speciﬁes the number of decimal places. The range is 1 to 6 and the default is 5.

8.7.3.42 DISP:WARN:DUE <boolean>

Query form: DISP:WARN:DUE?

Alternate parameter: DEF

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Remote Operation

Interface Commands

Sets the display Rs Due Alert enable (see Section 5.7.4.1, USER SETTINGS (F1), on page 47). The default

setting is OFF.

8.7.3.43 DISP:WARN:ITS <boolean>

Query form: DISP:WARN:ITS?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the display ITS-90 Subrange Alert enable (see Section 5.7.4.1, USER SETTINGS (F1), on page 47).

The default setting is ON.

8.7.3.44 FETC? <channel>

Example command: FETCH? 4

Example response: 231.92811,C,4,2009-03-23 14:33:20

Reads a channel’s latest measurement.

The <channel> parameter may be 1 through 4 for corresponding front channel inputs, 5 through 14 for chan-

nels of a ﬁrst attached scanner, or 15 through 24 for channels of a second attached scanner. If the <channel>

parameter is omitted, the latest measurement regardless of channel is returned.

If a measurement is available, the response is given in the following format:

<measurement value> is the value of the measurement. It may be a temperature, resistance, or resistance ratio.

The number of decimal places depends on the measured parameter. Trailing zeros are omitted.

<unit> may be “C”, “F”, or “K” for a temperature measurement; “O” for a resistance measurement, or “R” for

a resistance ratio measurement.

<channel number> is 1 through 4 for corresponding front channel inputs, 5 through 14 for channels of a ﬁrst

scanner, or 15 through 24 for channels of a second scanner.

<time and date> gives the time and date of the measurement, separated by one space. The time is in 24-hour

format. The date is in the format YYYY-MM-DD.

If no measurement is available, no response is returned and error code -230, “Data corrupt or stale,” is gener-

ated in the error queue. The command STAT:OPER? may be used ﬁrst to determine whether a new measure-

ment has completed, and command STAT:QUES:COND? may be used to determine whether the new measure-

ment is valid before an attempt is made to read it.

8.7.3.45 INIT:CONT <boolean>

Query form: INIT:CONT?

Starts or stops measurement. This is equivalent to pressing the START MEASUREMENT or STOP MEA-

SUREMENT function key in the Measurement Screen. A <boolean> parameter value 1 enables measurement;

0 disables measurement.

The *RST command disables measurement.

8.7.3.46 INIT:STOP:BEEP <boolean>

Query form: INIT:STOP:BEEP?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the stop timer’s Audio Indication setting (see Section 5.7.3.2, TIMING SETTINGS (F2), on page 39).

The *RST command sets Timer Beep to the default option which is ON.

8.7.3.47 INIT:STOP:DUR <value>

Example command: INIT:STOP:DUR 1200

Query form: INIT:STOP:DUR?

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Interface Commands

Alternate parameter: DEF, MIN, MAX

Sets the stop timer’s Timer Duration setting (see Section 5.7.3.2, TIMING SETTINGS (F2), on page 39).

The value is the number of seconds. The range is 1 to 86399 and the default is 3600 (one hour).

This setting is only meaningful when Stop Timer Enable is ON.

The *RST command sets Timer Duration to 3600.

8.7.3.48 INIT:STOP[:STAT] <boolean>

Query form: INIT:STOP?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the Stop Timer Enable (see Section 5.7.3.2, TIMING SETTINGS (F2), on page 39).

The *RST command sets Stop Timer Enable to the default setting which is OFF.

8.7.3.49 INIT:STOP:TIME?

Example response: 874

Reads the stop timer’s time remaining.

The returned value is the time remaining in seconds. If the stop timer is disabled or measurement is not en-

abled, the returned value is 0.

8.7.3.50 INP<n>:CURR <current>

Example command: INP1:CURR 1

Query form: INP<n>:CURR?

Alternate parameter: DEF, MIN, MAX

Sets a channel’s Sensing Current setting.

Sufﬁx <n> speciﬁes the channel number: 1 through 4 for the corresponding front channel input, 5 through 14

for channels of the ﬁrst attached scanner, and 15 through 24 for channels of the second attached scanner.

The maximum and default values depend on the probe and reference resistor settings. The values may be read

using the query form with alternate parameters MAX and DEF respectively.

The actual current may be reduced if the resistance is too high. The actual current may be read using the

INP<n>:CURR:DATA? command.

8.7.3.51 INP<n>:CURR:DATA?

Reads a channel’s actual sensing current. It is the sensing current that was used when the latest measurement

of the channel was acquired.

8.7.3.52 INP<n>:CURR:STAN <boolean>

Query form: INP<n>:CURR:STAN?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets a channel’s Standby Current enable.

A parameter value 1 enables the standby current. When enabled, sensing current is sourced from the channel’s

terminals when measurement is enabled, even if the channel is not enabled or when another channel is being

scanned. The default setting is 0 (OFF).

8.7.3.53 INP:PROB:ADD <id>

Example command: INP:PROB:ADD “PRT_A46002”

Password protection: Probe Protection

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Remote Operation

Interface Commands

Adds a new probe deﬁnition to the Probe Library. Before a probe can be assigned to a channel and tem-

perature measured, the probe must have its deﬁnition added to the Probe Library (see Section 8.7.3.57,

INP<n>:PROB:IDEN <id>, on page 85).

Parameter <id> is the ID of the new probe deﬁnition. It can contain letters, numerals, hyphens, periods, for-

ward slashes, and underscores. It must be between one and 24 characters in length, inclusive.

If <id> is different from all other IDs in the Probe Library and space is available in the Probe Library, a new

probe deﬁnition will be added and given the speciﬁed ID. The probe parameters will initially be set to default

values. The command INP:PROB:PAR should be used to set the parameters.

If <id> matches the ID of a probe already in the Probe Library or the Probe Library is full, no new probe deﬁ-

nition is added, and error -224, “Illegal parameter value” will be generated in the error queue.

8.7.3.54 INP:PROB:COUN?

Alternate parameter: MAX

Reads the number of probe deﬁnitions in the Probe Library.

8.7.3.55 INP:PROB:DEL <id>

Example command: INP:PROB:DEL “PRT_A46002”

Password protection: Probe Protection

Deletes a probe deﬁnition from the Probe Library.

Parameter <id> is the ID of the probe deﬁnition to delete. If <id> does not match the ID of any probe in the

Probe Library, nothing is deleted, and error -224, “Illegal parameter value” is generated in the error queue.

If the deleted probe was assigned to a channel the channel’s probe setting is changed to undeﬁned (see Section

8.7.3.57, INP<n>:PROB:IDEN <id>, on page 85).

8.7.3.56 INP:PROB:FIRS?

Example response: “PRT_A46002”

Reads the ID of the ﬁrst probe in the Probe Library. It also resets the library index used by the

INP:PROB:NEXT? command.

If the Probe Library is empty the response is an empty string, “”.

8.7.3.57 INP<n>:PROB:IDEN <id>

Example command: INP1:PROB:IDEN “PRT_A46002”

Example command: INP2:PROB:IDEN NONE

Query form: INP<n>:PROB:IDEN?

Assigns a probe deﬁnition to the channel.

Sufﬁx <n> speciﬁes the channel number: 1 through 4 for the corresponding front channel input, 5 through 14

for channels of the ﬁrst attached scanner, and 15 through 24 for channels of the second attached scanner.

Parameter <id> must either be the ID of a probe deﬁnition in the Probe Library, or “NONE” (undeﬁned). En-

closing quotations marks are optional. If <id> does not match the ID of a probe deﬁnition in the Probe Library,

error -224,“Illegal parameter value” is generated in the error queue.

If a valid probe ID is assigned to the channel, the response to the query form is the ID of the probe enclosed in

quotation marks. If the assigned probe is undeﬁned, the response is “NONE” without quotation marks.

The channel’s Calculation setting will automatically be set to resistance if it was temperature when the chan-

nel’s assigned probe is set to NONE.

8.7.3.58 INP:PROB:NEXT?

Example response: “A71040”

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Interface Commands

Reads the ID of the next probe in the Probe Library. It also advances the library index used for the next re-

sponse to the INP:PROB:NEXT? command.

If there are no more probes in the Probe Library, the response is an empty string, “”.

8.7.3.59 INP:PROB:PAR <id>,<name>,<value>

Example command: INP:PROB:PAR “PRT_A46002”,TYPE,PRT

Query form: INP:PROB:PAR? <id>,<name>

Example query command: INP:PROB:PAR? “PRT_A46002”,TYPE

Example query response: PRT

Password protection: Probe Protection

Sets the value of a setting in a probe deﬁnition.

Parameter <id> is the ID of a probe deﬁnition in the Probe Library. The ID should be enclosed in double

quotation marks. If <id> does not match the ID of a probe deﬁnition in the Probe Library, error -224,“Illegal

parameter value” is generated in the error queue.

Parameter <name> speciﬁes the setting to set. Settings and their associated names are listed in the table below

(also see Section 5.7.2.3, EDIT PROBE (F3), on page 36).

Setting

<name>

TYPE

<value> type or options

PRT|THER|RES

Type

Calibration Date

CAL_DATE

NOM_CURR

MAX_CURR

string: “<yyyy>-<mm>-<dd>”

decimal number

Nominal Current

Maximum Current

decimal number

PRT type settings

Maximum Temperature

MAX_TEMP

CONV

decimal number, dependent on Unit setting

Conversion

ITS-90 conversion settings

RTPW

decimal number

High Subrange

HIGH_SUB

LOW_SUB

NONE|5|6|7|8|9|10|11

NONE|1|2|3|4|5

Low Subrange

ITS-90 subrange settings

A1 – A11

B1 – B9

C1 – C5, C6, C7

exponential number

B1 – B9

C1 – C5, C6, C7

PT-100 conversion settings

decimal number

CVD-ABC conversion settings

decimal number

exponential number

CVD-ALPHA conversion settings

decimal number

ALPHA

ALPH

DELT

BETA

exponential number

DELTA

BETA

Polynomial conversion settings

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Remote Operation

Interface Commands

C0 – C7

exponential number

Thermistor type settings

Maximum Temperature

Conversion

MAX_TEMP

CONV

decimal number, dependent on Unit setting

R_POLY|T_POLY|NONE

R(T) polynomial conversion settings

B0 – B3

A0 – A3

exponential number

T(R) polynomial conversion settings

A0 – A3

The settings that are applicable to the probe deﬁnition depends on the Type setting and Conversion setting, and

may depend on other settings also, such as an ITS-90 subrange.

Any channel that has the probe assigned to it and has Calculation setting set to temperature will have Calcula-

tion (see Section 8.7.3.27, CALC<n>:TYPE TEMP|RES|R A T, o n page 80) changed to resistance when the

probe’s Type setting is set to resistor or the Conversion setting is set to none.

8.7.3.60 INP:PROB:TEST? <id>,<resistance>

Example command: INP:PROB:TEST? “PRT_A46002”,65.449411

Example response: 419.527,C

Reads the temperature calculated from resistance using the probe deﬁnition.

Parameter <id> is the ID of a probe deﬁnition in the Probe Library. If <id> does not match the ID of a probe

deﬁnition in the Probe Library, error -224,“Illegal parameter value” is generated in the error queue.

Parameter <resistance> is the resistance from which temperature is calculated.

The normal response contains the calculated temperature and the unit, separated by a comma:

The <temperature> value is converted to units determined by the Unit setting (see Section 5.7.4.5, TEMPERA-

TURE UNIT (F5), on page 50). If the probe Type is RESISTOR or Conversion is NONE, the <resistance>

parameter value is returned instead, with <unit> “O” for ohms. If a valid response cannot be returned because

the given resistance is out of range or the probe deﬁnition is invalid, no response is given and error -230,“Data

corrupt or stale” is generated in the error queue.

8.7.3.61 INP:REAR<n>:RS:IDEN <id>|VAR|NONE

Example command: INP:REAR1:RS:IDEN “R25_01322”

Example command: INP:REAR2:RS:IDEN NONE

Query form: INP:REAR<n>:RS:IDEN?

Example query response: “R25_01322”

Example query response: VAR

Sets the resistor deﬁnition assigned to a rear reference resistor input. (Use the command INP<n>:RS:IDEN to

assign a resistor deﬁnition to a front channel input.)

Sufﬁx <n> speciﬁes the rear Rs input number and must be either 1 or 2.

Parameter <id> must be either the ID of a resistor deﬁnition in the Resistor Library, “VAR” (variable), or

“NONE”. Enclosing quotations marks are optional. If <id> does not match the ID of a resistor deﬁnition in the

Resistor Library or an allowed option, error -224,“Illegal parameter value” is generated in the error queue.

If a valid resistor ID is assigned to the input, the response to the query form is the ID of the resistor enclosed

in quotation marks. If the resistor assignment is variable or none, the response is “VAR” or “NONE” respec-

tively, without quotation marks.

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Interface Commands

A channel’s Calculation setting will be changed from temperature to resistance (see Section 8.7.3.27,

CALC<n>:TYPE TEMP|RES|R A T, o n page 80) if its Reference Resistor (Rs) setting was set to the speci-

ﬁed input and the resistor assignment for the input is set to variable. A channel’s Reference Resistor (Rs)

setting will be changed from the speciﬁed input to the internal 100 Ω resistor if the resistor assignment for the

input is being set to none.

8.7.3.62 INP:RS:ADD <id>

Example command: INP:RS:ADD “R25_01322”

Password protection: Resistor Protection

Adds a new resistor deﬁnition to the Resistor Library. Before a resistor can be assigned to an input (see com-

mands INP:RS:FRON:IDEN and INP:RS:REAR:IDEN) and used as a reference resistor, the resistor must

have its deﬁnition added to the Resistor Library.

Parameter <id> is the ID of the new resistor deﬁnition. It can contain letters, numerals, hyphens, periods, for-

ward slashes, and underscores. It must be between one and 22 characters in length, inclusive.

If <id> is different from all other IDs in the Resistor Library and space is available in the Resistor Library, a

new resistor deﬁnition will be added and given the speciﬁed ID. The resistor parameters will initially be set to

default values. The command INP:RS:PAR should be used to set the parameters.

If <id> matches the ID of a resistor already in the Resistor Library or the Resistor Library is full, no new resis-

tor deﬁnition is added, and error -224, “Illegal parameter value” will be generated in the error queue.

8.7.3.63 INP:RS:COUN?

Reads the number of resistor deﬁnitions in the Resistor Library.

8.7.3.64 INP:RS:DEL <id>

Example command: CALC:PROB:DEL “R25_01322”

Password protection: Resistor Protection

Deletes a resistor deﬁnition from the Resistor Library.

Parameter <id> is the ID of the resistor deﬁnition to delete. If <id> does not match the ID of any resistor in the

Resistor Library, nothing is deleted, and error -224, “Illegal parameter value” is generated in the error queue.

If the deleted resistor was assigned to an input (see commands INP:RS:FRON:IDEN and

INP:RS:REAR:IDEN), the input’s reference resistor (Rs) setting will be changed to variable. The Calcula-

tion setting for any channel that used the input for its Reference Resistor (Rs) setting will be changed from

temperature or resistance to ratio.

8.7.3.65 INP:RS:FIRS?

Example response: “R25_01322”

Reads the ID of the ﬁrst resistor in the Resistor Library. It also resets the catalog index used by the

INP:RS:NEXT? command.

If the Probe Library is empty, no response is given and error -230,“Data corrupt or stale” is generated in the

error queue.

8.7.3.66 INP<n>:RS:IDEN <id>|VAR|NONE

Example command: INP2:RS:IDEN “R25_01322”

Example command: INP4:RS:IDEN NONE

Query form: INP<n>:RS:IDEN?

Example query response: “R25_01322”

Example query response: VAR

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Remote Operation

Interface Commands

Sets the resistor deﬁnition assigned to a front reference resistor input. (Use the command

INP:REAR<n>:RS:IDEN to assign a resistor deﬁnition to a rear Rs input.)

Sufﬁx <n> speciﬁes the front input (channel) number and must be either 2 or 4.

Parameter <id> must be either the ID of a resistor deﬁnition in the Resistor Library, “VAR” (variable), or

“NONE”. Enclosing quotations marks are optional. If <id> does not match the ID of a resistor deﬁnition in the

Resistor Library or an allowed option, error -224,“Illegal parameter value” is generated in the error queue.

The response to the query form is the ID of the resistor enclosed in quotation marks if a valid resistor ID is as-

signed to the input. If the resistor assignment is variable or none, the response is “VAR” or “NONE” respec-

tively, without quotation marks.

A channel’s Calculation setting will be changed from temperature to resistance (see Section 8.7.3.27,

CALC<n>:TYPE TEMP|RES|R A T, o n page 80) if its Reference Resistor (Rs) setting was set to the speci-

ﬁed input and the resistor assignment for the input is set to variable. A channel’s Reference Resistor (Rs)

setting will be changed from the speciﬁed input to the internal 100 Ω resistor if the resistor assignment for the

input is being set to none.

8.7.3.67 INP:RS:NEXT?

Example response: “R100_023”

Reads the ID of the next resistor in the Resistor Library. It also advances the library index used for the next

response to the INP:RS:NEXT? command.

If there are no more resistors in the Resistor Library, no response is given and error -230,“Data corrupt or

stale” is generated in the error queue.

8.7.3.68 INP:RS:OVEN:STAB?

Returns the stable condition of the oven. The response is 1 if the temperature is stable and 0 if not.

8.7.3.69 INP:RS:PAR <id>,<name>,<value>

Example command: INP:RS:PAR “R25_01322”,RES,25.001098

Query form: INP:RS:PAR? <id>,<name>

Password protection: Resistor Protection

Sets the value of a setting in a resistor deﬁnition.

Parameter <id> is the ID of a resistor deﬁnition in the Resistor Library. If <id> does not match the ID of a

resistor deﬁnition in the Resistor Library, error -224,“Illegal parameter value” is generated in the error queue.

Parameter <name> speciﬁes the setting to set. Settings and their associated names are listed in the table below

(also see Section 5.7.1.2.1.1.1, DEFINE RESISTOR (F2), on page 31).

Setting

<name>

RES

<value> type or options

decimal number

Resistance

Maximum Current

Calibration Date

Due Date

MAX_CURR

CAL_DATE

DUE_DATE

decimal number

string: “<yyyy>-<mm>-<dd>”

8.7.3.70 INP<n>:RS:ROUT <source>

Query form: INP<n>:RS:ROUT?

Sets a channel’s Reference Resistor (Rs) setting (see Section 5.7.1.2, CHANNEL SETTINGS (F2), on page

30).

Sufﬁx <n> speciﬁes the channel number: 1 through 4 for the corresponding front channel input, 5 through 14

for channels of the ﬁrst attached scanner, and 15 through 24 for channels of the second attached scanner.

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Interface Commands

Parameter <source> may be any of the following:

<source> Function

Selects the internal 1 W resistor for the reference resistor

Selects the internal 10 W resistor for the reference resistor

Selects the internal 25 W resistor for the reference resistor

Selects the internal 100 W resistor for the reference resistor

Selects the internal 10 kW resistor for the reference resistor

Selects the rear RS1 input as the source for the reference resistor

Selects the rear RS2 input as the source for the reference resistor

Selects the front Channel 2 input as the source for the reference resistor

Selects the front Channel 4 input as the source for the reference resistor

100

10K

RS1

RS2

CH2

CH4

An input option is not allowed if the resistor assignment for the input is NONE (see Section 8.7.3.61,

INP:REAR<n>:RS:IDEN <id>|V A R|NONE, on page 87 and Section 8.7.3.66, INP<n>:RS:IDEN

<id>|V A R|NONE, on page 88), in which case an error -221, “Settings conﬂict” is generated in the error

queue. Also, Channel 2 cannot be set to CH2 and Channel 4 cannot be set to CH4.

8.7.3.71 ROUT:CLOS <channel>

Query form: ROUT:CLOS?

Example command: ROUTE:CLOSE (@3)

Example response: (@3)

Selects one channel for measurement.

The lowest channel appearing in <channel list> is enabled, and all other channels are disabled. The Scan

Enable setting is set to OFF (see Section 5.7.3.1, SCAN SETTINGS (F1), on page 39). If measurement is

disabled, the channel will not actually be measured until measurement is started. If measurement of another

channel is in progress, the new channel will not be measured until the measurement completes.

A channel number in <channel list> may be 1 through 4 for the corresponding front channel input, 5 through

14 for channels of the ﬁrst attached scanner, and 15 through 24 for channels of the second attached scanner. If

a scanner is attached, channel 1 is not allowed.

The channel is speciﬁed in channel list format, preceded by an @ character, everything enclosed in

parenthesis.

If scanning is on, the query will return an empty channel list.

8.7.3.72 ROUT:CLOS:STAT?

Example response: (@2)

Returns the channel number of whatever channel is actively being measured, whether or not scanning is en-

abled. If measurement is off, an empty channel list is returned.

8.7.3.73 ROUT:SCAN <channel list>

Example command: ROUTE:SCAN (@1,2,4,6:14)

Query form: ROUT:SCAN?

Example query response: (@1,2,3,4)

Enables channels for scanning.

Each of the channels speciﬁed in <channel list> is enabled (this is equivalent to setting each channel ON in the

Channel Menu), and all other channels are disabled. The Scan Enable setting is set to ON (see Section 5.7.3.1,

SCAN SETTINGS (F1), on page 39). If measurement is disabled, the channels will not actually be scanned

and measured until measurement is started.

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Remote Operation

Interface Commands

A channel number in <channel list> may be 1 through 4 for the corresponding front channel input, 5 through

14 for channels of the ﬁrst attached scanner, and 15 through 24 for channels of the second attached scanner. If

a scanner is attached, channel 1 will not be enabled.

A range of channels may be conveniently included in the channel list by using a colon between the channel

range limits. The query response lists all enabled channels separately. If scanning is off, the query will return

an empty channel list.

The *RST command enables channel 2 and disables all others.

8.7.3.74 ROUT:SCAN:ADD <channel list>

Example command: ROUTE:SCAN:ADD (@5,6,7)

Adds channels to the scan list.

Each of the channels speciﬁed in <channel list> is enabled (this is equivalent to setting each channel ON in the

Channel Menu). The Scan Enable setting is set to ON (see Section 5.7.3.1, SCAN SETTINGS (F1), on page

39). If measurement is disabled, the channels will not actually be scanned and measured until measurement

is started.

A channel number in <channel list> may be 1 through 4 for the corresponding front channel input, 5 through

14 for channels of the ﬁrst attached scanner, and 15 through 24 for channels of the second attached scanner. If

a scanner is attached, channel 1 will not be enabled.

8.7.3.75 ROUT:SCAN:ALT <boolean>

Query form: ROUT:SCAN:ALT?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the scan Alternate Reference setting (see Section 5.7.3.1, SCAN SETTINGS (F1), on page 39).

The *RST command sets Alternate Reference to its default setting which is OFF.

8.7.3.76 ROUT:SCAN:DEL <channel list>

Example command: ROUTE:SCAN:DEL (@4)

Removes channels from the scan list.

Each of the channels speciﬁed in <channel list> is disabled (this is equivalent to setting each channel OFF in

the Channel Menu).

8.7.3.77 ROUT:SCAN:REF <channel>

Query form: ROUT:SCAN:REF?

Example command: ROUTE:SCAN:REF 4

Sets the scan Reference Channel setting (see Section 5.7.3.1, SCAN SETTINGS (F1), on page 39).

Parameter <channel> is the front channel number to use as the reference, which may be 1 through 4 when no

scanner is attached. If a scanner is attached, the channel 1 option is not available but the scanner channels are

allowed, numbered 5 through 14 for the ﬁrst scanner, 15 through 24 for the second. The default option is chan-

nel 2. For the reference channel to be measured, it must be enabled (see command Channel Menu).

The *RST command sets Reference Channel to 2.

8.7.3.78 ROUT:SCAN:REP <value>

Example command: ROUT:SCAN:REP 10

Query form: ROUT:SCAN:REP?

Alternate parameter: DEF, MIN, MAX

Sets the scan Repeat Count setting (see Section 5.7.3.1, SCAN SETTINGS (F1), on page 39).

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Interface Commands

Parameter <value> is the number of measurements performed on a channel before advancing to the next chan-

nel. The range is 1 through 100 and the default is 1.

The *RST command sets Repeat Count to 1.

8.7.3.79 ROUT:SCAN:STAT <boolean>

Query form: ROUT:SCAN:STAT?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the Scan Enable setting (see Section 5.7.3.1, SCAN SETTINGS (F1), on page 39).

The *RST command sets Scan Enable to the default setting which is ON.

8.7.3.80 SENS:APER[:DISP] <time>

Query form: SENS:APER[:DISP]?

Alternate parameter: DEF, MIN, MAX

Password protection: Measure Protection

Sets the measurement or Display Interval (see Section 5.7.3.2, TIMING SETTINGS (F2), on page 39).

Parameter <time> is in seconds. Allowed values for <time> are 1, 2, 10, 30, and 60. Values other than these

are rounded down to the nearest allowed value.

The Sample Period setting will be changed if necessary so that it is never greater than the Display Interval

setting.

The *RST command sets Display Interval to the default setting which is 2.

8.7.3.81 SENS:APER:PRES NORM|PREC|FAST|LONG

Query form: SENS:APER:PRES?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the measurement timing settings to preset values (see Section 5.7.3.2, TIMING SETTINGS (F2), on

page 39). This is equivalent to pressing the PRESET NORMAL, PRESET PRECISION, PRESET FAST, or

PRESET LONG function key in the Timing Settings screen. It affects the Sample Period, Display Interval, and

Average Enable settings.

For the query form, if the timing settings match one of the presets, the name of the preset is returned. If the

settings do not match any of the presets, “NONE” is returned.

The *RST command sets the timing settings to the default preset which is NORM.

8.7.3.82 SENS:APER:SAMP <time>

Query form: SENS:APER:SAMP?

Alternate parameter: DEF, MIN, MAX

Password protection: Measure Protection

Sets the measurement Sample Period (see Section 5.7.3.2, TIMING SETTINGS (F2), on page 39).

Parameter <time> is in seconds. Allowed values for <time> are 1, 2, 5, and 10. Values other than these are

rounded down to the nearest allowed value.

The Display Interval setting will be changed if necessary so that it is never less than the Sample Period setting.

The *RST command sets Sample Period to the default setting which is 2 seconds.

8.7.3.83 SENS:AVER1[:STAT] <boolean>

Query form: SENS:AVER1?

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Remote Operation

Interface Commands

Password protection: Measure Protection

Sets the Average Enable for the sample average (see Section 5.7.3.2, TIMING SETTINGS (F2), on page

39).

The *RST command sets Average Enable to the default setting which is ON.

8.7.3.84 SENS:AVER2[:STAT] <boolean>

Query form: SENS:AVER2?

Password protection: Measure Protection

Sets the digital ﬁlter’s Filter Enable (see Section 5.7.3.3, DIGITAL FILTER (F3), on page 41).

The *RST command sets Filter Enable to the default setting which is ON.

8.7.3.85 SENS:AVER2:COUN <count>

Query form: SENS:AVER2:COUN?

Alternate parameter: DEF, MIN, MAX

Password protection: Measure Protection

Sets the digital ﬁlter’s Average Count setting (see Section 5.7.3.3, DIGITAL FILTER (F3), on page 41).

Parameter <count> is the average count. Allowed values range from 2 through 100.

This setting is only meaningful when Filter Enable is ON.

The *RST command sets Average Count to the default setting, which is 30.

8.7.3.86 SENS:AVER2:CLEA

Clears the digital ﬁlter buffer. This is equivalent to pressing the CLEAR FILTER function key in the Digital

Filter screen (see Section 5.7.3.3, DIGITAL FILTER (F3), on page 41).

8.7.3.87 SENS[<n>][:FRES]:DATA?

Example command: SENS4:DATA?

Example response: 44.221571

Reads a channel’s latest resistance measurement.

Sufﬁx <n> is the channel number: 1 through 4 for the corresponding front channel input, 5 through 14 for

channels of the ﬁrst attached scanner, and 15 through 24 for channels of the second attached scanner. If the

sufﬁx number is omitted, the latest measurement regardless of channel is returned.

If the Calculation setting for the channel is either RESISTANCE or TEMPERATURE (see Section 8.7.3.27,

CALC<n>:TYPE TEMP|RES|R A T, o n page 80), a resistance value in ohms is returned. If calculation is

ratio, a resistance ratio value is returned. In either case, the returned value is obtained after processing by the

digital ﬁlter.

If no measurement is available, no response is returned and error code -230, “Data corrupt or stale” is gener-

ated in the error queue.

8.7.3.88 SENS[<n>]:RRAT:DATA?

Example command: SENS4:RRAT:DATA?

Example response: 1.30244715

Reads a channel’s latest resistance ratio measurement.

Sufﬁx <n> is required, which speciﬁes the channel number: 1 through 4 for the corresponding front channel

input, 5 through 14 for channels of the ﬁrst attached scanner, and 15 through 24 for channels of the second at-

tached scanner. If the sufﬁx number is omitted, the latest measurement regardless of channel is returned.

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Interface Commands

The returned value is a resistance ratio after processing by the digital ﬁlter. If no measurement is available, no

response is returned and error code -230, “Data corrupt or stale” is generated in the error queue.

8.7.3.89 STAT:OPER?

Example response: 16

Reads and clears the Operation Status Event Register. This indicates whether a new measurement became

available to read (using FETC?) since the previous STAT:OPER? query. The return value is 16 if a new mea-

surement has been acquired and 0 otherwise. Reading the Operation Status Event Register using this command

clears the register. The register is also cleared when a *CLS or FETC? command is received.

8.7.3.90 STAT:OPER:COND?

Example response: 16

Reads the Operation Status Condition Register. This indicates whether or not measurement is enabled. The

return value is 16 if measurement is enabledand 0 otherwise. Reading the Operation Status Condition Register

does not change it.

8.7.3.91 STAT:OPER:ENAB <value>

Example command: STAT:OPER:ENAB 16

Query form: STAT:OPER:ENAB?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the Operation Status Enable Register. This mask register determines which corresponding bits of the Op-

eration Status Event Register affect the Operation Status Bit (OSB, bit 7) of the Status Byte Register. A value

of 16 enables reporting when a new measurement is acquired. The default setting is 0.

8.7.3.92 STAT:QUES?

Example response: 16

Reads and clears the Questionable Status Event Register. This indicates whether a new measurement that was

erroneous or questionable was acquired since the previous STAT:QUES? query.

The bits in the Questionable Status Event Register correspond to the bits in the Questionable Status Condition

The difference is the bits in the Questionable Status Event Register remain set after the condition no longer ex-

ists. Reading the Questionable Status Event Register using the STAT:QUES? command clears the register. The

8.7.3.93 STAT:QUES:COND?

Example response: 16

Reads the Questionable Status Condition Register. This indicates whether the latest measurement was errone-

ous or questionable.

The return value is 16 if the latest measurement is questionable and 0 otherwise. The Questionable Status

Condition Register is cleared when a new valid measurement is acquired. Reading the Questionable Status

Condition Register does not change it.

8.7.3.94 STAT:QUES:ENAB <value>

Example command: STAT:QUES:ENAB 16

Query form: STAT:QUES:ENAB?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the Questionable Status Enable Register. This mask register determines which corresponding bits of the

Questionable Status Event Register affect the Questionable Status Bit (QSB, bit 3) of the Status Byte Register.

A value of 16 enables reporting of questionable measurements. The default setting is 0.

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Remote Operation

Interface Commands

8.7.3.95 SYST:BEEP[:IMM]

Example command: SYST:BEEP

Produces an immediate beep from the speaker.

8.7.3.96 SYST:BEEP:KEY <boolean>

Query form: SYST:KEY:BEEP?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the Key Beep setting (see Section 5.7.4.1, USER SETTINGS (F1), on page 47). The default setting is

ON.

8.7.3.97 SYST:BEEP:ALER <boolean>

Query form: SYST:KEY:ALER?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the Alert Beep setting (see Section 5.7.4.1, USER SETTINGS (F1), on page 47). The default setting is

ON.

8.7.3.98 SYST:CODE:VERS?

Example response: 1.23,1.00,1.10

Reads the ﬁrmware code version numbers. The response contains the following:

8.7.3.99 SYST:COMM:GPIB:ADDR <value>

Query form: SYST:COMM:GPIB:ADDR?

Alternate parameter: DEF, MIN, MAX

Sets the IEEE-488 port’s Address setting (see Section 8.6, Conﬁguring the IEEE-488 Port, on page 69).

8.7.3.100 SYST:COMM:GPIB[:STAT] <boolean>

Query form: SYST:COMM:GPIB?

Sets the IEEE-488 port’s Port Enable setting (see Section 8.6, Conﬁguring the IEEE-488 Port, on page 69).

8.7.3.101 SYST:COMM:GPIB:TERM LIN|RET

Query form: SYST:COMM:GPIB:TERM?

Sets the IEEE-488 port’s Termination setting (see Section 8.6, Conﬁguring the IEEE-488 Port, on page 69).

8.7.3.102 SYST:COMM:SER:BAUD <value>

Query form: SYST:COMM:SER:BAUD?

Sets the serial port Baud Rate setting (see Section 8.5, Conﬁguring the RS-232 Serial Port, on page 69).

8.7.3.103 SYST:COMM:SER:LIN <boolean>

Query form: SYST:COMM:SER:LIN?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the serial port’s Linefeed setting (see Section 8.5, Conﬁguring the RS-232 Serial Port, on page 69).

8.7.3.104 SYST:COMM:SOCK:ADDR <IP address>

Example command: SYST:COMM:SOCK:ADDR “147.120.0.11”

Query form: SYST:COMM:SOCK:ADDR?

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Interface Commands

Sets the network port’s IP Address setting (see Section 8.2, Conﬁguring the Network (LAN) Port, on page

65).

Parameter <IP address> is a string specifying the address using IP dot notation.

This setting is only allowed when DHCP is OFF.

The query form returns the static IP address when DHCP is OFF and returns the dynamically assigned IP ad-

dress when DHCP is ON.

8.7.3.105 SYST:COMM:SOCK:CONT OFF|ON|QUER

Query form: SYST:COMM:SOCK:CONT?

Sets the network port’s Control Enable setting. This determines whether the instrument accepts control com-

mands received via the network port.

Allowed parameter values are OFF, ON, and QUER. When the setting is OFF the network port cannot be used

to control the instrument, and all commands are ignored. When the setting is ON commands may be used to

control and operate the instrument. When the setting is QUER, commands that read settings and data are al-

lowed, but commands that change settings are ignored. The default setting is QUER.

8.7.3.106 SYST:COMM:SOCK:DHCP <boolean>

Query form: SYST:COMM:SOCK:DHCP?

Sets the network port’s DHCP Enable setting (see Section 8.2, Conﬁguring the Network (LAN) Port, on page

65).

8.7.3.107 SYST:COMM:SOCK:GAT <IP address>

Example command: SYST:COMM:SOCK:GAT “147.120.0.1”

Query form: SYST:COMM:SOCK:GAT?

Sets the network port’s Gateway setting (see Section 8.2, Conﬁguring the Network (LAN) Port, on page 65).

Parameter <IP address> is a string specifying the address of the gateway server, using IP dot notation.

This setting is only meaningful when DHCP is OFF.

The query form returns the value of the Gateway setting when DHCP is OFF and returns the dynamically

provided gateway address when DHCP is ON.

8.7.3.108 SYST:COMM:SOCK:KEEP <seconds>

Example command: SYST:COMM:SOCK:KEEP 3600

Query form: SYST:COMM:SOCK:KEEP?

Alternate parameter: DEF, MIN, MAX

Sets the network port’s keep-alive timeout setting.

Parameter <seconds> is the keep-alive timeout value, in seconds.

This setting determines the length of time, in seconds, after which the socket is automatically closed if there is

no activity. At power-on the setting defaults to 60 seconds. If a different timeout is desired, the settings can be

changed using this command. If the setting is set to 0, the keep-alive timeout will be disabled.

The keep-alive timeout may be useful if a connection is dropped unexpectedly, such as if the network or cli-

ent fails. The network socket of the Super-Thermometer might otherwise remain open indeﬁnately, and no

subsequent socket connection request would be accepted. With the keep-alive timeout enabled, if no activity

is detected during the timeout period, the socket will close automatically, and a new connection will then be

accepted.

In applications where there might normally be a long period between messages, it might be necessary to in-

crease or disable the keep-alive timeout to prevent the connection from being closed automatically.

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Remote Operation

Interface Commands

8.7.3.109 SYST:COMM:SOCK:MAC?

Example response: “00204A9AF1A2”

Reads the network port’s Hardware MAC address (see Section 8.2, Conﬁguring the Network (LAN) Port, on

page 65).

8.7.3.110 SYST:COMM:SOCK:MASK <IP address>

Example command: SYST:COMM:SOCK:MASK “255.255.255.0”

Query form: SYST:COMM:SOCK:MASK?

Sets the network port’s Subnet Mask setting (see Section 8.2, Conﬁguring the Network (LAN) Port, on page

65).

Parameter <IP address> is a string specifying the subnet mask, using IP dot notation.

This setting is only meaningful when DHCP is OFF.

The query form returns the value of the Subnet Mask setting when DHCP is OFF and returns the dynamically

provided subnet mask when DHCP is ON.

8.7.3.111 SYST:COMM:SOCK:NAME <name>

Example command: SYST:COMM:SOCK:NAME “MY-1595A”

Query form: SYST:COMM:SOCK:NAME?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the network port’s Host Name setting (see Section 8.2, Conﬁguring the Network (LAN) Port, on page

65).

Parameter <name> is a string specifying the Host Name. The string may contain upper-case letters, numerals,

and underscores and may be up to 24 characters in length. Issuing the command with parameter “DEF” sets

the Host Name to the default value, which is “FLUKE-159X-<serial number>”.

8.7.3.112 SYST:COMM:USB[:STAT] <boolean>

Query form: SYST:COMM:USB?

Sets the USB port’s Port Enable setting (see Section 8.4, Conﬁguring the USB Port, on page 68).

8.7.3.113 SYST:CONF:CHAN?

Example response: 4

Reads the number of available channels. The Super-Thermometer by itself has 4 available channels. If one

optional scanner is attached, the number of available channels with be 14. If two optional scanners are at-

tached, the number of available channels will be 24. (Channel 1 is counted even though it is not enabled when

a scanner is attached.)

8.7.3.114 SYST:CONF:SCAN?

Example response: “2590”

Reads the model number of an attached scanner. The model number is enclosed in quotation characters. If no

scanner is attached, the response is an empty string enclosed in quotation characters.

8.7.3.115 SYST:DATE <year>,<month>,<day>

Query form: SYST:DATE?

Example query response: 2009,12,31

Password protection: Time/Date Protection

Sets the Date of the system clock.

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Interface Commands

8.7.3.116 SYST:ERR?

Example response: -100,“Command error”

Reads the next error in the error queue. When an error is read it is removed from the error queue, and the next

error may be read by sending the command again. If there are no more errors, the response is 0,“No error”.

The error queue holds ten errors. If the error queue is already full when a new error is generated, the last error

in the error queue is replaced with the error, -350,“Queue overﬂow”. The error queue may be cleared using the

command *CLS. Possible errors are listed in the following table.

Error

Cause

0,“No error”

The error queue is empty.

An unrecognized command was received.

A required parameter was missing.

-100,“Command error”

-109,“Missing parameter”

-114,“Header suffix out of range”

A suffix number was out of range. (This may occur if a channel does not exist

because the scanner is not attached.)

-130,“Suffix error”

A required suffix number is missing.

-200,“Execution error”

-203,“Command protected”

-220,“Parameter error”

A command could not be executed.

A command could not be executed because a setting is password protected.

A command could not be executed because one or more parameters are out of

range or invalid.

-221,“Settings conﬂict”

-222,“Data out of range”

A command could not be executed in the current state of the instrument.

A command could not be executed because a parameter was out of range, of

the wrong type, or not recognized.

-224,“Illegal parameter value”

A command could not be executed because a parameter was not an allowed

option.

-230,“Data corrupt or stale”

-330,“Self-test failed”

A response could not be returned because valid data is not available.

A self-test failed because of a hardware error.

-350,“Queue overﬂow”

-360,“Communication error”

An error occurred when the error queue was full.

A communication error occurred, such as a framing error or input buffer

overrun.

-400,“Query error”

A response to a query was not transmitted prior to another command being

received.

8.7.3.117 SYST:KLOC <boolean>

Query form: SYST:KLOC?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the front-panel key lock.

If the parameter is 1, front-panel keys are inoperable. The key lock remains on until the command is sent with

the parameter 0.

The key lock setting is initially off at power-on. The *RST command sets key lock off.

8.7.3.118 SYST:PASS:CDIS

Disables access to password-protected settings. The SYST:PASS:CEN command may be used subsequently to

enable access.

8.7.3.119 SYST:PASS:CEN <password>

Example command: SYST:PASS:CEN 1234

Enables access to password-protected settings. If <password> is incorrect, error -221,“Settings conﬂict” is

generated in the error queue. Password access remains enabled until the SYST:PASS:CDIS command is re-

ceived. Password access is disabled at power-on.

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Remote Operation

Interface Commands

8.7.3.120 SYST:PASS:CEN:STAT?

Returns the password-access state. The response is 0 if access is disabled and 1 if access is enabled.

8.7.3.121 SYST:PASS:GROU:MEAS <boolean>

Query form: SYST:PASS:GROU:MEAS?

Password protection: unconditional

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the password Measure Protection setting (see Section 5.7.7.1, P A SSWORD (F4), on page 54). When

Measure Protection is on, settings related to measurement, and their associated commands, are protected.

8.7.3.122 SYST:PASS:GROU:PROB <boolean>

Query form: SYST:PASS:GROU:PROB?

Password protection: unconditional

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the password Probe Protection setting (see Section 5.7.7.1, P A SSWORD (F4), on page 54). When

Probe Protection is on, settings related to probe deﬁnition, and their associated commands, are protected.

8.7.3.123 SYST:PASS:GROU:RES <boolean>

Query form: SYST:PASS:GROU:RES?

Password protection: unconditional

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the password Resistor Protection setting (see Section 5.7.7.1, P A SSWORD (F4), on page 54). When

Resistor Protection is on, settings related to resistor deﬁnition, and their associated commands, are protected.

8.7.3.124 SYST:PASS:GROU:TIME <boolean>

Query form: SYST:PASS:GROU:TIME?

Password protection: unconditional

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the password Time/Date Protection setting (see Section 5.7.7.1, P A SSWORD (F4), on page 54). When

Time/Date Protection is on, setting the time and date is protected.

8.7.3.125 SYST:PASS:NEW <current password>,<new password>

Example command: SYST:PASS:NEW 1234,9999

Changes the password. If <current password> is incorrect, error -221,“Settings conﬂict” is generated in the

error queue.

8.7.3.126 SYST:PON:MIN?

Returns the time in minutes since power on.

8.7.3.127 SYST:TIME <hour>,<minute>,<second>

Query form: SYST:TIME?

Example query response: 23,59,59

Password protection: Time/Date Protection

Sets the Time of the system clock.

8.7.3.128 SYST:TIME:DAYL OFF|NAM|EUR

Example command: SYST:TIME:DAYL NAM

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Interface Commands

Query form: SYST:TIME:DAYL?

Password protection: Time/Date Protection

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the Daylight Saving automatic adjust setting (see Section 5.7.5.1, TIME D A T E (F1), on page 50).

Allowed parameter values are OFF for no automatic daylight saving adjustment, NAM for adjustment accord-

ing to the schedule used in North America (the United States, Canada, and Mexico), and EUR for adjustment

according to the schedule used in Europe. The default setting is OFF.

8.7.3.129 TEST:CURR:CONF <channel>,<current>,<polarity>

Query form: TEST:CURR:CONF?

Example query response: 2,1.0,0

Sets the conﬁguration of the sensing current test (see Section 9, Calibration, on page 103).

Parameter <channel> may be 1 through 4, referring to front channels 1 through 4.

Parameter <current> is the driving current.

Parameter <polarity> sets the direction of the current and may be either 0 for forward or 1 for reverse.

8.7.3.130 TEST:CURR[:STAT] <boolean>

Query form: TEST:CURR?

Sets the state of the sensing current test (see Section 9, Calibration, on page 103).

Parameter <boolean> given a value of 1 starts the sensing current test if it is off. A value of 0 stops the sensing

current test if it is on.

During the sensing current test a constant current is sourced at the current terminals of a channel. The channel,

current magnitude, and polarity may be speciﬁed using the TEST:CURR:CONF command. While a sensing

current test is in progress, the display shows the Current Test status screen. Also, the 0 bit of the Operation

Status Condition Register is set while the test is in progress, and is cleared when the test is stopped.

A sensing current test is stopped if the *RST command is received.

8.7.3.131 TEST:LIN:ABOR

Cancels Ratio Self-Calibration (see Section 9, Calibration, on page 103).

Ratio Self-Calibration is also canceled if the *RST command is received.

8.7.3.132 TEST:LIN:PAR?

Example response: 0.12,0.05,-0.03,-0.02

ing from the Ratio Self-Calibration.

The response contains the following:

A response is returned only if the Ratio Self-Calibration runs to completion. If no linearity self-test report is

available, error -230,“Data corrupt or stale” is generated in the error queue.

8.7.3.133 TEST:LIN:INIT

Query form: TEST:LIN:INIT?

Starts Ratio Self-Calibration (see Section 9, Calibration, on page 103).

If Ratio Self-Calibration is already in progress, error -213, “Init ignored” is generated in the error queue.

While Ratio Self-Calibration is in progress, the display shows the Ratio Calibration status screen.

100

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Remote Operation

Interface Commands

The query form returns 1 if Ratio Self-Calibration is in progress, 0 otherwise.

8.7.3.134 TEST:LIN:REP<n>?

Example response: 0.00000002,0.00000001,0.00000002,0.02,0.003

Reads a report from Ratio Self-Calibration (see Section 9, Calibration, on page 103).

Sufﬁx <n> speciﬁes the test number of which a report is requested:

<n> Linearity self-test type

zero check

compliment check

equal ratio sum, 100% scale

equal ratio sum, 90% scale

equal ratio sum, 75% scale

equal ratio sum, 60% scale

equal ratio sum, 50% scale

unequal ratio sum

The normal response contains the following:

<result A> is the mean measurement from the ﬁrst part of the test.

<result B> is the mean measurement from the second part of the test.

<combined> is the combined result of the two parts.

<error> is the difference between <combined> and the expected value, in units of 1×10-6.

<std error> is the standard error of <error>, in units of 1×10-6. The standard errors of <result A> and <result

B> are calculated by dividing their standard deviations by the square root of the sample size, and then the two

values are combined using a root-sum-square calculation.

A report is available only if the Ratio Self-Calibration runs to completion. If no report is available, error

-230,“Data corrupt or stale” is generated in the error queue. If the power is switched off and then on again, the

values <result A>, <result B>, and <combined> will no longer be available and will be missing in the com-

mand response.

8.7.3.135 TEST:LIN:REP:TIME?

Example response: 2009-06-24 14:30:48

Reads the date and time of the most recent Ratio Self-Calibration report (see Section 9, Calibration, on page

103). The date is in the format YYYY-MM-DD. The time is in 24-hour format. If Ratio Self-Calibration has

not yet compled, error -230,“Data corrupt or stale” is generated in the error queue.

8.7.3.136 TEST:LIN[:STAT]?

Example response: 5

Reads the state of the Ratio Self-Calibration (see Section 9, Calibration, on page 103).

A non-zero response indicates calibration is in progress, and the value designates which test number is in prog-

ress. The response is 0 calibration is not running.

8.7.3.137 TEST:LIN:TIME?

Example response: 205

Reads the time remaining of the Ratio Self-Calibration. The time remaining is a number of seconds.

101

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Interface Commands

8.7.3.138 TEST:LIN:TOL<n>?

Example response: 0.8

Reads a Ratio Self-Calibration test tolerance (see Section 9, Calibration, on page 103).

Sufﬁx <n> speciﬁes the test number of which the error tolerance is requested (see Section 8.7.3.134,

TEST:LIN:REP<n>?, on page 101).

The response has units of 1×10-6.

8.7.3.139 TEST:SYST:ABOR

Cancels a system self-test (see Section 9, Calibration, on page 103).

A system self-test is also canceled if the *RST command is received.

8.7.3.140 TEST:SYST:INIT

Starts a system self-test (see Section 9.2, SYSTEM TEST (F1), on page 103).

If a system self-test is already in progress, error -213, “Init ignored” is generated in the error queue. While a

system self-test is in progress, the display shows the System Test status screen. Also, the 0 bit of the Operation

Status Condition Register is set while the test is in progress, and is cleared when the test ends or is aborted.

8.7.3.141 TEST:SYST:REP[<n>]?

Example response: 0

Reads the report from a system self-test.

Parameter <n>, when given a value of 1 or omitted, speciﬁes the report from the power-on system self-test. A

value of 2 speciﬁes the report from the latest system self-test if one was performed subsequent to the power-on

system self-test and a system self-test is not in progress. A report only becomes available if the system self-test

runs to completion. If no report is available, error -230,“Data corrupt or stale” is generated in the error queue.

The response is 0 if no errors occurred.

8.7.3.142 TEST:SYST:STAT?

Example response: 1

Reads the state of the system self-test (see Section 9.2, SYSTEM TEST (F1), on page 103).

A response of 1 indicates a test is in progress, 0 otherwise.

8.7.3.143 UNIT:TEMP C|K|F

Example command: UNIT:TEMP C

Query form: UNIT:TEMP?

Alternate parameter: DEF

Sets the temperature Unit (see section Unit). The option F (Fahrenheit) will not be available if The SI Unit

Lock setting is ON (see Section 9.6, CALIBR A T ION P A RAMETERS (F5), on page 108).

The *RST command sets Unit to the default setting which is C.

102

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Calibration

CURRENT TEST (F2)

9 Calibration

9.1 Introduction

This section explains the step-by-step instructions for calibrating and verifying functionality of the Super-

Thermometer to ensure it will operate correctly and meet published speciﬁcations. If the instrument cannot be

brought into speciﬁcation using these instructions, contact the nearest Fluke Authorized Service Center.

A complete Super-Thermometer calibration is comprised of four parts; Self Test, Ratio Self-Calibration, Inter-

nal Resistor Calibration, and Current Test. The user may perform all four parts or only a single part if desired.

Built-in functions automate all of the test and calibration steps except Current Test. The functions are found in

the Calibration menu. Go to the Calibration menu by pressing the MENU key then the SYSTEM MENU (F5)

function key followed by the CALIBRATION (F5) function key.

The unit should be allowed to warm up for at least 30 minutes before performing any calibration.

Self Test can be performed at any time during or after the warm up period.

IMPORTANT: Make sure the OVEN indicator on the Measurement Screen shows READY before performing

any calibration.

9.2 SYSTEM TEST (F1)

System Test performs several internal functionality tests and reports the results. It is not necessary to allow the

Super-Thermometer to pass through the required warm-up period before performing this test.

To run System Test, press the SYSTEM TEST (F1) function key. Press the START (F1) function key to begin

the system self-test. As the test proceeds, the screen indicates the time remaining. The user may press the

CANCEL (F5) function key or EXIT key to cancel the test. When the test is ﬁnished, the results are displayed.

If a failure is indicated, contact the nearest Fluke Authorized Service Center.

9.3 CURRENT TEST (F2)

The Current Test allows the user to test the sensing current by applying non-reversing current to the front

panel measurement input channels. This is a veriﬁcation test only, no adjustment is made. It is recommended

to measure at least 0.01 mA, 1.0 mA and 1.414 mA on each front panel measurement input channel.

The current can be veriﬁed using a current meter or a calibrated 4-wire resistor and digital voltmeter (DVM).

If using a current meter, connect the meter in series with the C1 and C2 terminals on one of the input channels

as shown in Figure 18.

Figure 18 Current meter connection diagram

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

RATIO CALIBRATION (F3)

If using a calibrated resistor, connect the resistor to all four terminals on one of the front panel measurement

inputs and connect the voltmeter to the P1 and P2 terminals. Refer to Table 20 for recommended resistance

values. The accuracy of the DVM should be better than 0.05 % over the range of 0.02 V to 0.2 V.

Table 20 Recommended Resistors For Testing The Current

Current

Resistor

10 kW

1 kW

0.001 mA to 0.02 mA

0.02 mA to 0.2 mA

0.2 mA to 2.0 mA

2.0 mA to 20.0 mA

100W

10 W

To start the test, press the CURRENT TEST (F2) function key located in the Calibration menu. The following

ﬁelds are used to conﬁgure each step of the test.

CHANNEL - the input channel being tested

CURRENT - the sensing current value

POLARITY - speciﬁes the direction of the sensing current, either forward or reverse

Select the START (F1) function key to begin the current test. Constant current is applied to the speciﬁed chan-

nel allowing current measurements to be measured by the current meter or voltage readings to be taken across

the resistor. During current test, the channel’s LED indicator is illuminated green. The channel, current, and

polarity may be changed during the test.

Current Test is stopped by pressing the STOP (F1) function key or the EXIT key. This switches off the sensing

current allowing the user to connect a different resistor or change any of the conﬁguration ﬁelds. Press the

EXIT key to leave the test screen.

If using the calibrated resistor and voltmeter method, calculate the actual current by dividing the measured

voltage by the value of the resistor. The difference between the actual measured current and the current setting

should be within the measurement current accuracy. If the current is not within speciﬁcation, contact the near-

est Fluke Authorized Service Center for more information.

9.4 RATIO CALIBRATION (F3)

The Ratio Self-Calibration function allows the user to perform a ratio linearity check or calibration using an

internal resistor network. No other test equipment is required. Due to the simplicity and short time the test

takes to run, Ratio Self-Calibration can be performed as often as needed.

Caution: Ratio Self-Calibration does not test resistance accuracy or calibrate the internal reference resistors.

Running the Ratio Self-Calibration function does not require a password. This is because it reports the results

of the linearity test only. If adjustment is needed, the Adjust Parameters function is used. This function re-

quires a password because it will adjust internal calibration constants.

The START (F1) function key begins the Ratio Self-Calibration. As the test proceeds, the screen reports the

results of each part of the test. The user may press the CANCEL (F5) function key or EXIT key to cancel the

test.

The following is a description of each segment of Ratio Self-Calibration:

Test 1 (Zero) - This test evaluates offset errors at a resistance ratio of 0. A 0 W resistor is internally connected

as Rx, and a 100 W resistor is connected as Rs. The test is performed twice, the measurements reported as re-

sult A and result B. The combined result is an average of the two. Ideally the measured resistance ratio would

be exactly 0.0. The reported error is the difference of the combined result from 0.0, in units of 1×10^-6.

Test 2 (Complement) - This test evaluates scale errors at a resistance ratio near 1. The test has two parts. For

the ﬁrst part, a 100 W resistor is internally connected as Rx, and another 100 W resistor is connected as Rs. The

ﬁrst measured resistance ratio is reported as result A. For the second part, the two resistors are exchanged. The

second measured resistance ratio is reported as result B. The combined result is the product of the two mea-

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Calibration

RATIO CALIBRATION (F3)

sured resistance ratios. Ideally the product would be exactly 1.0. The reported error is half the difference of the

combined result from 1.0, in units of 1×10^-6.

Test 3 (Equal ratio sum--100% scale) - This test evaluates linearity errors at a resistance ratio near 0.5 with

the measurement circuit operating at full scale. The test has two parts. For the ﬁrst part, one resistor of a 100

W + 100 W resistor network is connected as Rx, and the series combination of the two resistors is connected as

Rs internally. The ﬁrst measured resistance ratio is reported as result A. For the second part, the opposite of the

two resistors is connected as Rx and again, the series combination is connected as Rs. The second measured

resistance ratio is reported as result B. Ideally the sum of the two measured resistance ratios would be exactly

1.0. The reported error is the difference of the sum from 1.0, in units of 1×10^-6.

Test 4 (Equal ratio sum--90% scale) - This test evaluates linearity errors at a resistance ratio near 0.5 with

the measurement circuit operating at 90% of full scale. The test is performed in the same way as Test 3, except

the measurement circuit gain is reduced so that the circuit operates at the reduced scale. The reported error is

the difference of the sum from 1.0, in units of 1×10^-6.

Test 5 (Equal ratio sum--75% scale) - This test evaluates linearity errors at a resistance ratio near 0.5 with

the measurement circuit operating at 75% of full scale. The test is performed in the same way as Test 3, except

the measurement circuit gain is reduced so that the circuit operates at the reduced scale. The reported error is

the difference of the sum from 1.0, in units of 1×10^-6.

Test 6 (Equal ratio sum--60% scale) - This test evaluates linearity errors at a resistance ratio near 0.5 with

the measurement circuit operating at 60% of full scale. The test is performed in the same way as Test 3, except

the measurement circuit gain is reduced so that the circuit operates at the reduced scale. The reported error is

the difference of the sum from 1.0, in units of 1×10^-6.

Test 7 (Equal ratio sum--50% scale) - This test evaluates linearity errors at a resistance ratio near 0.5 with

the measurement circuit operating at 50% of full scale. The test is performed in the same way as Test 3, except

the measurement circuit gain is reduced so that the circuit operates at the reduced scale. The reported error is

the difference of the sum from 1.0, in units of 1×10^-6.

Test 8 (Unequal ratio sum) - This test evaluates linearity errors at resistance ratios near 0.25 and 0.75 (with

the measurement circuit operating at full scale). The test is performed in the same way as Test 3, except the

two resistors are 25 W and 75 W. The reported error is the difference of the combined result from 1.0, in units

of 1×10^-6.

All tests use a sensing current of 1.0 mA. The timing settings are temporarily set to provide measurements at

two-second intervals and the digital ﬁlter is disabled. The reported measurement of each test is the mean of a

set of measurements of the resistance ratio under certain conditions.

For each test a standard error of the mean is calculated and reported. This provides an estimate of the uncer-

tainty of the mean of the reported error due to measurement noise. The standard error of the mean is calculated

from the standard deviation (S_A, S_B) of parts A and B and the sample count (n) using the following equation:

S_A²+ S_B²

SE =

×10⁶

The sample count is the number of samples comprising the result from each part of the test. The divisor a is

2 for Test 1 and Test 2, accounting for the fact that the reported error is calculated as an average from the two

test parts. For the other tests a = 1.

When the Ratio Self-Calibration completes, the time and date (when the last test ended) are shown below the

test results.

To view the test report screen, the user presses the VIEW REPORT (F1) function key. The report screen shows

the speciﬁed tolerance, test result error, condition (the percent error relative to the tolerance), and the standard

error of the test result error for each individual test. The tolerances shown are based on the 99% conﬁdence

level resistance ratio speciﬁcations found in the Speciﬁcations section.

The Ratio Self-Calibration report data are stored in internal non-volatile memory, overwriting the results of

any previous Ratio Calibration. The report of the most recent Ratio Self-Calibration may be viewed at any

time using the VIEW PREVIOUS (F2) function key in the Ratio Calibration screen.

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

RESISTANCE CALIBRATION (F4)

The reported data of the Ratio Self-Calibration may be written to a ﬁle on a USB memory device using the

WRITE FILE (F1) function key in the View Report screen (see Write File below).

The calibration parameters associated with measurement linearity may be adjusted to improve the accuracy if

necessary using the ADJUST PARAMETERS (F2) function key (see Adjust Parameters below).

The following function keys are found in the View Report screen.

9.4.1 WRITE FILE (F1)

The Write File function allows the user to write the Ratio Self-Calibration report to a ﬁle on the USB memory

device.

The user may change the ﬁle name by pressing the ENTER key to open the Alpha-Numeric interface and

entering a ﬁle name. Once the ﬁle name is set, and after the USB memory device is inserted into the front

USB port, the user presses the CONTINUE (F1) function key to proceed to write the ﬁle. The ﬁle is stored in a

folder named “\159x\test”. If the ﬁle already exists, the new test results are added to the ﬁle.

The results of each individual test in a Ratio Self-Calibration are written to the ﬁle as follows:

LINEARITY,<test>,<tolerance>,<error>,<% of tol>,<SE>,<date and time>

<test> is the test number, 1 through 8

<tolerance> is the speciﬁed tolerance in units of 1×10^-6

<error> is the error in units of 1×10^-6

<% of tol> is the absolute value of the error divided by the tolerance, expressed in percent

<SE> is the standard error of the test result error in units of 1×10^-6

<date and time> is the date and time of the test. The date is in the format YYYY-MM-DD. The time is in 24-

hour format.

9.4.2 ADJUST PARAMETERS (F2)

The Adjust Parameters function allows the user to update the linearity parameters (LINEARITY C1, LINEAR-

ITY C2, LINEARITY C3, and LINEARITY C4) to correct error observed during the Ratio Self-Calibration.

The Adjust Parameters function is always password protected. The user will be prompted to enter the correct

password to continue.

The screen shows the previous values of the calibration parameters and proposed new values based on calcula-

tions using the Ratio Calibration test results. The user presses YES (F4) to change the values of the linearity

parameters in memory. The user may press the NO (F5) function key or the EXIT key to cancel the change.

When completed, the linearity calibration parameters will be automatically adjusted to correct for the er-

rors observed during the Ratio Self-Calibration. The linearity parameters may be viewed in the Calibration

Parameters screen (see Calibration Parameters section). Ratio Self-Calibration should be repeated to verify the

calibration.

9.5 RESISTANCE CALIBRATION (F4)

The Resistance Calibration function allows the user to test and calibrate each of the internal reference resis-

tors. It requires a calibrated standard resistor of approximately the same resistance as the internal resistor that

will be calibrated.

No password is required to run Resistance Calibration since it ﬁrst measures an internal resistor without mak-

ing any adjustment to its internal calibration parameter. After an internal resistor is measured, the results are

displayed allowing the user to observe the results and decide if an adjustment is necessary.

Resistance Calibration works by measuring an internal resistor against a calibrated standard resistor. The inter-

nal resistor’s calibration parameter is adjusted to correct for error.

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Calibration

RESISTANCE CALIBRATION (F4)

To properly calibrate a Super-Thermometer internal resistor, the expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of the standard

resistor should be no greater than 25% of the 95% conﬁdence level, 1-Year Absolute Resistance Accuracy

speciﬁcations. Its resistance should be approximately the same as that of the internal reference resistor being

calibrated, which will result in the least measurement noise and best test uncertainty. The standard resistor may

be connected to any one of the four front-panel measurement channels.

To set up the resistance calibration, the user must conﬁgure the following ﬁelds displayed in the Resistance

Calibration screen:

RESISTOR - speciﬁes the internal reference resistor to be measured

CHANNEL - is the front channel input to which the standard resistor is connected.

STANDARD RESISTANCE - is the calibrated resistance value of the standard resistor.

The START (F1) function key begins the resistance calibration. As the test proceeds, the screen indicates the

status of the process. The user may press the CANCEL (F5) function key or EXIT key to cancel the test.

The resistance calibration uses the sensing current for which the resistor’s Absolute Resistance Uncertainty

is speciﬁed. During the resistance calibration the digital ﬁlter is disabled and the timing is set to the Precision

settings so that results will be consistent and accurate. Normal temperature measurement and data recording is

suspended. Settings are automatically restored after the test. The reported measurement is the mean of a series

of samples of the resistance acquired over a period of about 1 min.

When the measurement is completed, the screen shows the results, which includes the following:

MEASUREMENT - is the measured resistance of the standard resistor. This may be compared to the calibrat-

ed resistance of the standard resistor to provide an indication of the accuracy of the internal reference resistor.

ABSOLUTE ERROR - is the difference between the measurement and the Standard Resistance value, pre-

sented in ohms.

RELATIVE ERROR - is the difference between the measurement and the Standard Resistance value, divided

by the Standard Resistance and multiplied by a factor of one million to produce a value in parts per million

(ppm).

STANDARD ERROR - is the standard deviation of the samples comprising the measurement, divided by

the square root of the number of samples. This provides an estimate of the standard uncertainty of the mea-

surement mean due to measurement noise. It does not include uncertainty of the calibrated resistance of the

standard resistor.

TIME - is the time at which the test ended, taken from the system clock. It is in 24 hour format.

DATE - is the date on which the test ended, taken from the system clock. It is in the format speciﬁed by the

Date Format setting in the User Settings screen.

Tolerances for the reported error, which are required for assessing pass or fail conditions, may be found in the

Absolute Resistance Uncertainty section of the Speciﬁcations section.

The results of the resistance calibration may be written to a ﬁle on a USB memory device using the WRITE

FILE (F1) function key as explained below.

The calibration parameter associated with the calibrated internal reference resistor may be adjusted to improve

the accuracy of the resistor using the ADJUST RESISTOR (F2) function key as explained below.

9.5.1 WRITE FILE (F1)

The Write File function allows the user to write the results of the resistance calibration to a ﬁle on the USB

memory device.

The user may change the ﬁle name by pressing the ENTER key and using the Alpha-Numeric Interface. Once

the ﬁle name is set, and after the USB memory device is inserted into the front USB port, the user presses the

CONTINUE function key to proceed to write the ﬁle. The ﬁle is stored in a folder named “\159x\test”. If the

ﬁle already exists, the new test results are added to the ﬁle.

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

CALIBRATION PARAMETERS (F5)

The results of the resistance calibration are written to the ﬁle as follows:

RESISTANCE,<Rs>,<chan>,<standard>,<measurement>,<error>,<SE>,<date and time>

<Rs> is the nominal resistance of the internal reference resistor (in W).

<chan> is the channel number to which the standard resistor was connected.

<standard> is the calibrated resistance of the standard resistor.

<measurement> is the measured resistance of the standard resistor.

<error> is the error of the measurement compared to the calibrated resistance of the standard resistor, in units

of ohms.

<SE> is the standard error of the reported error, in units of ohms.

<date and time> is the date and time of the test. The date is in the format YYYY-MM-DD. The time is in 24-

hour format.

9.5.2 ADJUST RESISTOR (F2)

The Adjust Resistor function allows the user to apply an adjustment to an internal reference resistor’s calibra-

tion parameter to improve its accuracy based on the results of the resistance calibration.

The Adjust Resistor function is always password protected. The user will be prompted to enter the correct

password to continue.

The Adjust Resistor screen shows the resistor that will be adjusted, the prior value of its calibration parameter,

and the new value of the calibration parameter. The user presses YES (F4) to change the calibration parameter.

The user may press the NO (F5) function key or the EXIT key to cancel the change.

When the calibration parameter is updated, the Calibration Date setting is also updated to the present date (see

Calibration Parameters in the Menus and Screens section). This can be overwritten by manually entering a

date and pressing the EXIT key to save the value.

9.6 CALIBRATION PARAMETERS (F5)

The calibration parameters may be viewed or adjusted by pressing the Calibration Parameters (F5) function

key. If a password is not entered, the user will be allowed to only view the parameters. Adjustment cannot take

place unless a password is entered. It is recommended to only adjust the calibration parameters as part of the

previously described calibration functions. Failure to enter the calibration parameters correctly will cause the

Super-Thermometer to measure with error.

If it is required to manually adjust the calibration parameters, press the ENTER key to save each change.

See the Ratio Calibration and Resistance Calibration sections for more information on the resistance calibra-

tion parameters and linearity calibration parameters.

The SI UNIT LOCK setting is used to enable or disable °F as an allowed temperature unit option. When this is

set to ON, temperatures may be displayed in units of °C and K only, and °F will not be available as an option

for the Unit setting (see System Menu, Temperature Unit, in the Menus and Screens section)

9.6.1 Calibration Interval

Ratio Self-Calibration can be performed as often as needed to ensure proper ratio performance. Since no ad-

ditional equipment is needed for Ratio Self-Calibration, it can be performed at the user’s convenience, as often

as necessary. Minimally, it should be checked every 6 months during the ﬁrst year of use and an alignment

performed as needed.

Internal Resistor Calibration should be performed on a 6-month interval during the ﬁrst year of use. After the

ﬁrst year, a 12-month interval is recommended.

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Calibration

CALIBRATION PARAMETERS (F5)

9.6.2 Standby Current Check

It may be necessary to check standby current to ensure proper operation. The standby current must be manu-

ally checked. Each channel’s standby current can be checked with the following steps.

NOTE: If a scanner is connected, channel 1 will not be available to test. Power off the Super-

Thermometer and disconnect the scanner in order to test standby current on channel 1.

1. Connect a 100 W resistor to channel 1.

2. Press the SETUP key and disable all other channels except channel 4.

3. Highlight Channel 1 and press CHANNEL SETTINGS (F2). Set REFERENCE RESISTOR to 100 W.

Set SENSING CURRENT to 1.0 mA. Set STANDBY CURRENT to ON.

4. Press and hold the EXIT key to return to the Measurement screen. Select the START MEASUREMENT

(F1) function key. The Channel Select Key should be amber above channel 1 and green above channel

4. The amber color indicates the channel is in the standby current mode. The current can now be

measured by inserting a current meter in series between the C1 or C2 terminal and the 100 W resistor

lead. An alternative method is using a volt meter to measure the voltage drop across the 100-ohm

resistor and then compute the current.

5. Calculate the difference (or error) between the actual 1.0 mA and the measured readings. Error should

be less than +/- 0.05 mA.

6. Repeat steps 1 through 5 for the other channels.

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Maintenance

10 Maintenance

Avoid operating the instrument in excessively wet, oily, dusty, or dirty environments. If the outside of the

instrument becomes soiled it may be wiped clean with a damp cloth and mild detergent. DO NOT use harsh

chemicals on the surface that may damage the paint or plastic.

●●

The instrument should be handled with care. Avoid knocking, dropping, or vibrating the instrument.

●●

This instrument is tested and calibrated at the factory. Continued regular testing and calibration is

recommended.

●●

Routinely check the ratio accuracy using the Ratio Self-Calibration function.

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Troubleshooting

11 Troubleshooting

The purpose of this section is to help the user troubleshoot unexpected operation results. Use the following list

of problems and solutions to troubleshoot the issue. If the issue cannot be resolved using this section, contact

the nearest Fluke Authorized Service Center for additional support.

Problem

Solution

Failure to produce valid measurements

Check probe wiring. Use an ohmmeter to check continuity of the 4-wire

connection to the probe. Verify that one common pair of the 4-wire connection

is connected to P1 and C1 terminals while the other pair is connected to the P2

and C2 terminals.

Make sure the probe or resistor is connected to the same channel indicated by

the channel number in the upper left hand corner of the screen. Check to make

sure the correct reference resistor is selected. If an external reference resistor is

selected, ensure it is connected to either Rs1 or Rs2 on the back panel or either

channel 2 or 4 on the front panel.

Check the reference resistor deﬁnition to ensure it has been correctly

conﬁgured.

Try connecting a resistor or shorting the input to see if it measures. Try setting

the conversion to resistance ﬁrst.

If the Super-Thermometer is able to measure resistance correctly but displays

“. . . . . . . . . .” for temperature, there may be an error with the conversion type or

characterization coefficients. Check these carefully. The resistance of the probe

may be outside the range of the selected conversion type and coefficients.

Make sure probe leads are not shorted to other DWF connectors.

Run System Test to ensure the hardware is working properly. If System Test

does not pass, contact the nearest Fluke Authorized Service Center.

Multiple channels are enabled but only

one channel measures.

To measure multiple channels the unit must have the scan function enabled.

Turn on Scan Enable in the Scan Settings screen of the Measure menu.

Excessive measurement noise

The current may be too low. Check the current setting by pressing the SETUP

key and viewing the excitation current setting for each channel.

The reference resistor selection may be incorrect. Check the assigned reference

resistor for each channel by pressing the SETUP key and viewing the Rs

selection.

A faulty measurement connection can be a source of noise. Check the

connection by gently tugging the connector on each wire and inspecting for

possible wire breaks.

The digital ﬁlter may not be conﬁgured correctly.

The Timing Settings may be too fast. Try setting the Sample Period to a longer

setting. This may also help when scanning multiple channels.

Make sure there are no strong sources of electromagnetic interference near the

Super-Thermometer or devices connected to it. Use measurement cabling that

is shielded. Attach the shield wire of the cable to the Ground DWF connector.

Try attaching a ground wire between the Ground DWF connector on the Super-

Thermometer and the chassis of the temperature source.

Room temperature variations or air drafts near the Super-Thermometer may

cause measurement instability. Locate the instrument in a stable environment.

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

Problem

Solution

Poor accuracy

The current may be too low causing poor signal to noise ratio or too high

causing excessive self-heating. Check the current setting by pressing the

SETUP key and viewing the excitation current setting for each channel.

The reference resistor selection may be incorrect. Check the assigned reference

resistor for each channel by pressing the SETUP key and viewing the Rs

selection.

The Timing Settings may be too fast. Try setting the Sample Period to a longer

setting. This may also help when scanning multiple channels.

The temperature conversion type or probe characterization coefficients may be

in error. Check each of the probe parameters carefully. Use the Test Calculation

function and compare the results with the probe’s calibration report table.

Make sure probe leads are not shorted to other DWF connectors.

Verify the reference resistor calibration value is entered correctly.

Make sure the probe wires are properly and tightly connected

If using extremely long measurement cables, the capacitance in the wires can

affect the readings. Try setting the measurement timing parameter sample

period to the longest setting to allow for the measurement to settle.

Check the oven stability indicator on the Measurement screen. After 30 minutes

from power up the indicator should change from SETTLING to READY. If the

oven stability indicator never changes to READY, contact a Fluke Authorized

Service Center. The unit could still be used with an external reference resistor

since the internal oven has no affect when using external resistors.

Graph of measurements jumps or stair-

steps

This is normal if the temperature being measured is increasing or decreasing

faster than the digital ﬁlter is able to track. To eliminate this effect, temporarily

disable the digital ﬁlter.

The display shows negative resistance.

The USB memory stick does not work

The measurement cable is not connected correctly.

Plug the memory stick into the front panel USB port and wait for about 10

seconds for the system to recognize the device. When recording data to the

memory stick wait for the ﬂashing read/write LED on the memory stick to stop

ﬂashing before removing it.

Make sure the memory stick id formatted to Fat 32. This can be done by

inserting the memory stick into a personal computer and right clicking on the

drive letter of the memory stick and selecting properties.

Make sure the memory stick is compatible with the Linux operating system 2.6

or greater.

Unit will not power up.

Make sure the main power switch located on the back of the unit is turned on

Check the fuses in the back of the unit

Check the power cord

The display is in the wrong language

If the Super-Thermometer is inadvertently set to the wrong language the user

can open the User Settings screen in English by pressing and releasing the

ENTER key and then pressing and releasing the SETUP key. Select the correct

language if necessary.

Screen is blank

The screen saver may be on. Press any button to turn the screen back on.

The system may be in standby. Press and release the Power Standby key on the

front panel to bring the unit out of standby mode.

Keypad does not respond

The keypad has been locked by a remote operation command. The keypad can

be unlocked by sending the following command to unlock it.

SYST:KLOC 0

Resistance statistics ﬁeld is blank when

measuring in ratio mode

When in ratio mode, the Super-Thermometer will not produce a resistance

reading. If both measurements are required, set the Super-Thermometer to

measure resistance and select ratio as one of the statistics ﬁelds.

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Index

C1 59

C2 59

CALCULATION 30

Symbols

Calibrating an SPRT 12

calibration 103

1.4142 30, 43

10/100 Base T Ethernet 65

24-hour format 50

2590 S cann er 20

°C 50, 56, 108

internal resistors 106

linearity 104

calibration date 76

Calibration Date 50, 86, 89

CALIBRATION DA TE 31, 35, 56

CALIBRATION (F5) 55

Calibration Interval 108

CALIBRATION P ARAME TERS (F5) 55, 108

CANCEL (F1) 45

°F 50, 56, 108

ABSOLUTE ERROR 107

Absolute Resistance Accurac y 7

Accuracy

CANCEL (F5) 36

Measurement Current 7

Resistance 7

AC power 9

Active Channel 27

ADD PROBE (F1) 34

ADD RESISTO R (F1) 31

ADDRESS 52, 69

ADJUST PARAME TERS (F2) 106

ADJUST RESISTOR (F2) 108

Alert Beep 95

ALERT BEEP 47, 57

alert messag e 27, 81

ALPHA 35, 86

Alpha-Num eric Inter face 23

Alternate Reference 91

ALTERNATE REFEREN CE 39

Applying the S peciﬁcations 9

arrow ke ys 18, 23

ASCII 70

ASCII code 10 52

ASSIGN PROBE (F1) 29, 61

ASSIGN RESISTO R (F1) 31

ASTM-E-1137 35

CAN/CSA 22.2 No 61010.1-04, Pollution Degree 2 1

carriage return 52

Carry-handle Kit 15

Case 15

Ch2 90

Ch4 90

CHANNEL 44, 45, 104, 107

Channel Select K ey 18, 29

CHANNEL SETTINGS (F2) 30, 61

CHANNEL SETUP 28

CHANNEL S E TUP (F1) 29

Chinese 15, 19, 47, 82

CLEAR ERR ORS (F1) 52

CLEAR FILTER (F1) 41

CLEAR GRAPH/CLEAR MESSA GE (F4) 28

CLEAR INTERFACE (F1) 69

COMBINED GRAPH 49

Combining the Uncertainties 12

Command Synt ax 70

COMPUTER 21, 65

CONFIG (F3) 52

Conﬁguring an External Reference Resistor 62

Connecting a Prob e 58

Control Enable 96

Audio Indication 83

AUDIO INDICATIO N 40, 44

Authorized Service Center s 2

AUTOMATIC CENTERIN G 49

AUTOMATIC SCALING 49

average 77

CONTROL EN AB LE 52

Conversion 86

CONVERSION 35, 40

COPY PROBE (F2) 36

Countdown Tim er 27

CURRENT 26, 104

Average Count 93

AVERAGE COUNT 41

AVERAGE ENABLE 40

Averaging 39

Current Test 103

CURRENT TEST (F2) 55, 103

CVD-ABC 35, 86

CVD-ALPHA 35, 86

banana jacks 58

bare wire 58

baud rat e 51, 69, 95

BETA 35, 86

brightnes s 47, 57

Data/Graph Section 27

Date 50

DATE 45, 48, 50, 58, 107

Date Form at 50, 81

115

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

DATE FORMAT 47, 57

Daylight Saving 100

DAYLIGHT SAVING 51, 58

DECIMAL FORMA T 47, 57

decimal point 18

Decimal setting 81

DEFINE RESISTOR (F2) 31

DEL 23

excitation current 30

EXIT 18

EXP 18, 23

exponential number 18

Extended range test 15

External Reference R esistor 62

external resistor 20, 30

DELETE 24

FAT32 17

DELETE CO NFI G (F3) 54

DELETE key 18

DELETE PROBE (F5) 38

DELETE RESISTOR (F5) 33

delta 80

DELTA 35, 48, 86

DELTA CH ANNEL 49

Delta Mode 80

DELTA MODE 49

Delta Oﬀset 80

DELTA O FFSET 49

Depth 9

FIELD SET TIN GS (F2) 48

FILE NAME 53

Filter Enable 93

FILTER EN ABLE 41

Filtering 39

ﬁrmware 54, 95

Firmware V e r sio n 50

Fluke Corp oratio n ii

French 15, 19, 47, 82

Front Pane l 17, 19

front-panel key lo c k 98

Front Panel Keys 18

Function Keys 18

Fuse Ratin g 9

DHCP 51, 65, 96

DHCP EN AB LE 51, 66

dielectric absorption 40

digital ﬁlter 93

Fuses 15

Future Peripheral 21

Digital Filter 41

Digital Filter Description 41

DIGITAL FIL TER (F3) 41

Dimension s 9

G 59

GATEWAY 51

Gateway A ddres s 67, 96

German 15, 19, 47, 82

Getting S tarted 57

GPIB 95

display 47

Display 19

DISPLAY BRIGHTNESS 47, 57

DISPLAY INTERVAL 40

Display Menu 46

DISPLAY MENU 29

DISPLA Y MENU (F4) 46

dR/dT 11

Graph 49

GRAPH SETTINGS (F4) 49

Guard 59

GUM 5

DRIFT 45

dT/dW 11

Due Date 89

HARDWARE MAC 51

Hardware Mac Address 66

Height 9

DUE DA TE 31

DVD 15

dW/dT 11

Host Nam e 67, 97

HOST N AME 52

HTML 51, 65

DWF connectors 58

Earth Ground 22

EDIT PROBE (F3) 36

EDIT RESISTOR (F2) 32

EN 61010-1 {2n d E dit ion} 1

English 15, 19, 47, 82

IEEE-488 21, 52, 65, 69, 95

IEEE-488 (F4) 52

IFC 52

EOI 52, 69

ERASE D ATA (F5) 43

ERRORS (F5) 52

Ethernet 21, 51, 65

Inspection 15

Instruction Manuals 15

116

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Interface Commands 70

INTERNAL 53

MEAN 1 45

MEAN 2 45

Internal Memor y 41, 42

Internal Resisto r Cali bration 108

IP address 51, 66

MEAN 3 45

MEASUREMENT 107

Measurement Current Accuracy 7

Measurement Inputs 17

measurement noise 8, 12, 40

IP Address 96

IP ADDRESS 51

ISO Guide t o t he E xp ression of Uncertainty in Measurement 5 Measurement Progres s Ba r 27

ITS-90 9, 27, 35, 83, 86

ITS-90 SUB R AN GE ALER T 47, 57

Measurement range 9

Measurement Scre en 25

Measure Menu 38

MEASURE MENU 28

MEASURE PROTECTI O N 55

MEASURE TIME 44, 63

Measuring an SPRT 10

Measuring a PRT 13

Measuring a Temperature Probe 61

Measuring a ermistor 14

Measuring Resistance Ratio 62

MEMORY DEVICE 42, 53

MENU 18

Japanese 15, 19, 47, 82

K 50, 56, 108

Key B eep 95

KEYPAD BEEP 47, 58

LAN 21, 65

Languag e 19

Menu N avigation 24

Menus 23

LANGUAGE 47, 57

Language setting 82

leakage 40

Menu Syst em 24

minimum 78

limited 79

LIMITED 49

MINIMU M 48

Model 50

Limited m ode 49

linearity 6, 104

LINEARIT Y C1 106

LINEARITY C2 106

LINEARITY C3 106

LINEARITY C4 106

LINEFEED 51, 52, 69

Line Power 16

MOVE DO WN (F4) 33, 38

MOVE UP (F3) 33, 38

moving windo w 79

Multiplexer 20

n 79

N 48

line voltage 15, 22

Linux 17

Network 51

NETWORK (F3) 51

Network port 51

nominal current 30, 43, 86

NOMINAL CURRENT 35

non-volatile 41

numeric keys 18

Local Area Network 65

Location Descriptor 23

MAC address 51

Main Menu 28

Maintenance 111

Making Measurements 61

MANAGE PROBES (F5) 37

MANAGE RESISTORS (F3 32

Manufactur er 50

Operating relative humidity 9

operating temperature 9

oven 89

OVEN 27

maximum 78

MAXIMUM 48

Maximum Curren t 30, 86, 89

MAXIMUM CURRENT 31, 35

Maximum operating altitude 9

MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE 35

mean 77

P1 59

P2 59

password 24, 99

PASSWORD 54

PASSWO RD (F4) 54

PEM 15, 22

MEAN 45, 48

117

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

PHASE 45

reference resistor 30, 62

Reference Resistor Dr i f 12

REFERENCE RESISTO R (Rs) 30

RELATIVE ERROR 107

Relative Measurem ent Current Accuracy 8

Remote Interface 51

REMOTE INTERFACE (F2) 51

Remote Operation Connections 21

Repeat Count 91

REPEAT COUNT 39

REPEAT NOMINAL 44, 63

Report Operation Comm and s 70

RESET STATISTICS (F3) 28

Resistance 89

RESISTANCE 30, 48

Resistance Accurac y 7, 11, 13

resistance calibration 106

RESISTANCE CALIBRATION (F4) 55, 106

Resistance Ratio Temperature 30

RESISTANCE V AL UE 31

RESISTOR 34, 107

POLARITY 104

POLYNOMIAL 35, 36

PORT ENABLE 51, 52, 69

port number 65

Power Entry Module 15

Power Standby ke y 18

PRESET FAST 92

PRESET FAST (F3) 41

PRESET LONG 92

PRESET LONG (F4) 41

PRESET NORMAL 92

PRESET NORMAL (F1) 40

PRESET PRECISION 92

PRESET PRECISION (F2) 41

PROBE 45

probe deﬁnition 29, 61, 85, 86

Probe Deﬁnitions 54

PROBE ID 26

Probe Library 29, 34, 37, 54, 61, 85, 86

Probe Library Capacity 38

Probe Menu 34

resistor deﬁnit ion 31

resistor deﬁnition libra r y 31

Resistor Deﬁnition s 55

RESISTOR ID 31

PROBE MENU 28

PROBE MENU (F2) 34

PROBE PROTECTION 54

PRT 34

Resistor Library 55

PT-100 35, 86

RESISTOR PROTECTION 55

Resistor Stability 6

REST ORE DEFAUL T (F4) 54

Queue overﬂow 52

Rack M ounting 16

Rack M oun t Kit 15

Rs DUE ALER T 47, 57

Rs inpu ts 17

ratio 9, 39, 55, 104

RATIO 30, 48

R(T) 87

RT90 9

Ratio Accurac y 6, 10

RATIO CALIBRA TIO N (F3) 55, 104

Ratio Self-Calibratio n 55, 100, 101, 104, 108

READ FILE (F1) 32, 37

READ FILE (F3) 43

READ PROBE (F4) 37

READ RESISTOR (F3) 32

READY 27

R(T) POL YNOMIAL 36

RTPW 9, 86

Russian 15, 19, 47, 82

Rx 9

Safety Informatio n 1

Sample Count 49

SAMPLE COUNT 49

Sample Period 39, 40, 92

SAMPLE PERI OD 40

sample size 79

Sampling 39

Rear Panel 17, 20

rear USB 68

RECALL CONFIG (F2) 53

recording 81

Recording 27

Recording Men u 41

RECORDING MENU (F4) 41

RECORDING SETTIN GS (F1) 42

Record Statistics 80

RECORD STATISTI CS 42

REFERENCE CHANNEL 39

SAVE (F2) 36

Scan Enable 90

SCAN ENAB LE 39

scan list 91

Scanner 20

118

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Scanner Connection 20

scanning 90

STD DEV 2 45

STD DEV 3 45

Scanning 62

STEP 45

SCAN SE TTIN GS (F1) 39

Screens 23

Screen Saver 47

SCREEN SAVER DELAY 47, 57

SCREEN S AVER ENABLE 47, 57

SDC 52

stop timer 40, 84

STOP TIMER ENABLE 40

Storage relative humidity 9

storage space 53

Storage temperature 9

STORE CONFI G (F1) 53

Subnet Mask 67, 97

SUBNET MA SK 52

Subrange 1 35

self-heating 30, 43, 63

SELF-HEATIN G 45

sensing current 30, 40, 84, 103

SENSING CURRENT 30, 45

SENSING CURRENT 1 45

SENSING CURRENT 2 45

SENSING CURRENT 3 45

Sensing Current Test 100

SE OF MEAN 48

Subrange 2 35

Subrange 3 35

Subrange 4 35

Subrange 5 35

Subrange 6 35

Subrange 7 35

SERIAL (F1) 51

Subrange 8 35

Serial Numb er 50

Subrange 9 35

serial port 21, 69

Subrange 10 35

SETTLE TIME 44, 63

SETTLING 27

Subrange 11 35

Symbols Used 1

system clock 50

SETUP key 18, 29

SET UP Rs (F1 31

System Menu 50

SYSTEM MENU 29

SYSTEM MENU (F5) 50

system self-test 102

SYSTEM TES T (F1) 55, 103

SYST:ERR? 52

SHOW TAB LE/GRAPH (F2) 28

sign key 18, 23

SI Unit Lock 50

SI UNIT LOCK 56, 108

sliding window 49

spade connecto r s 58

Spanish 15, 19, 47, 82

Speciﬁca tio ns 5

TCP/IP 51, 65

TCP port n umber 5025 65

TEMPERATURE 30

Temperature Resolution 82

TEMPERATURE RESO L UTION 47, 57

temperature unit 56, 102

TEMPERATURE UNIT (F5) 50

Terminal Screen 68

TERMINATION 52, 69

TEST CALCULATIO N (F1) 36

text ﬁeld 23

thermal response 40

THERMIS TOR 34, 36

Time 50, 99

TIME 45, 48, 50, 58, 107

TIME DA TE (F1) 50

TIME/DATE PROTECTION 55

Timer Beep 83

spread 79

SPREAD 48

standard deviation 48, 78

STANDARD ERROR 45, 107

standard error of the mea n 48, 79

STANDARD RESISTANCE 107

standby 18

Standby Current 30, 84

STANDBY CURRENT 30

Standby Current Check 109

START (F1) 44

START/STOP MEASUREMENT (F1) 28

START/STOP RECORD (F5) 28

Start-up Help 82

START-UP HELP 47, 58

static IP addr es s 66

Statistics 48, 49

Statistics Fie lds 27

TIMER DURATION 40

TIME REMAININ G 45

TIME SP AN 49

Timing 39

TIMIN G SETTINGS (F2) 39

T(R) 87

STATISTICS MOD E 49

STATISTICS SETTINGS (F3) 49

Status and Aler t Section 27

STD DEV 45, 48

STD DEV 1 45

119

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1594A/1595A Super-Thermometer

TRACE 50

T(R) PO LYNOMIAL 36

TYPE 34

Unit 56

UNIT 50

unlimited 79

UNLIMITED 49

Unlimited mo de 49

Unpacking 15

UPDA TE FIRM W ARE (F5) 54

USB 17, 21, 32, 41, 42, 53, 65, 81, 97

rear 68

USB (F2) 51

USB FILE 42

User Settings 19

USER SETTINGS (F1) 47

User Settings Screen 57

User’s Guide 15

VARIABLE RESISTANCE 31

VERTICAL CENTER 49

VERTICAL SPAN 49

VIEW DATA (F2) 42

VIEW PREVIOUS (F2) 46

warm-up period 9, 18

Warnings 1

Warranty ii

Web Interface 21, 68

web page 52

Weight 9

Width 9

WRITE FILE (F2) 32, 37

WRITE FILE (F4) 43

WT90 9

Zero-Power 8, 13, 30, 43, 63

ZERO-POWER MEA SUREMENT (F5) 43

ZERO-POWER RESULT 45

120

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