XRD9827REF
USER MANUAL
CANNON CIS 36-BIT COLOR
SINGLE LINE SCANNER
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EXAR Corporation 48720 Kato Road, Fremont, CA 94538 Phone (510)-668-7000, Fax (510)-668-7030
PRELIMINARY
8-BIT DATA
FIFO
SRAM
PARALLEL
PORT DB25
CONNECTOR
CIS OUTPUT
XRD9827
6-BIT BUS NIBBLE
DATA
CIS REFERENCE
VOLTAGE
INTEL 486 Compatible
FIFO
SRAM
8-BIT DATA
XRD9827 CONTROL SIGNALS
MACH435 CPLD
PARALLEL PORT CONTROL
CIS CONTROL SIGNALS
Figure 1. Block Diagram of XRD9827REF
The XRD9827 is a complete linear CIS or CCD sensor signal processor on a single monolithic chip. The
XRD9827 includes a high speed 12-Bit ADC, a 6-Bit Programmable Gain Amplifier with gain adjustment
of 1 to 10 and an 8-Bit programmable input referred offset calibration range of 800 mV. The XRD9827
also provides the necessary biasing voltage for the CANON CIS, eliminating the use of external
components (two diodes and two resistors). See the XRD9827EVAL User Manual / PCB board for
evaluating the XRD9827 CIS / CCD signal processor chip. A simplified functional block diagram of
XRD9827 is shown below for your reference.
3
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EXAR Corporation 48720 Kato Road, Fremont, CA 94538 Phone (510)-668-7000, Fax (510)-668-7030
PRELIMINARY
P M A C L
Figure 2. Simplified Functional Block Diagram of XRD9827
OPERATIONAL PROCEDURE
The routine listed below will first calibrate the photo response of the CIS using the XRD9827 by optimize
its offset and gain. After calibration, the XRD9827REF can be used to scan any color target to show CIS
non-color corrected response. (Color correction is typically done in the digital ASIC.)
4
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EXAR Corporation 48720 Kato Road, Fremont, CA 94538 Phone (510)-668-7000, Fax (510)-668-7030
PRELIMINARY
How to Run the XRD9827REF Demonstration
1. Make sure the computer is powered off and the AC power adapter is disconnected from a wall outlet
2. Connect the parallel port cable to the printer port of the computer
3. Connect the AC power adapter into a wall outlet
4. Turn on the computer and activate Windows 95
Loading EXAR Software
5. Load the diskette labeled SenseIt 1.0 Disk # 1 into the floppy drive
6. Select the Start menu in the program manager and choose RUN
7. Inside the small pop-up window, type: A:\setup
8. Follow the instructions to finish software installation
Parallel Port Configurations
9. Confirm the parallel port address as follows:
I.
II.
Select the Start Menu, choose Settings, then choose Control Panel
From the Control Panel window which pops up, double-click on System
In the System Properties window, select Device Manager
From the Device Manager window, double-click on Ports (COM & LPT)
Double-click on Printer Port (LPT1). If you can not find it, please goto Step 10
From the pop-up window, select Resources
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
X.
Verify the Input/Output Range is set to 0378 - 037F
If the range is not correct, clear the Use Automatic Settings check box by clicking it
Choose correct address which is 0378 by default and click OK
Re-start the computer as advised
10. If you do not have a Printer Port configured on your computer, please follow the steps listed below:
I.
II.
III.
From the Control Panel window which pops up, double-click on Add New Hardware
From the pop-up window, click the Next > button
Select ‘No’ when prompted for ‘Do you want Windows to search for your new
hardware?’, then click the Next > button
IV.
V.
Choose Ports (COM & LPT), then click the Next > button
Choose Printer Port, then click the Next > button
VI.
Make a note of the Input/Output Range of Printer Port of your computer and click OK.
You will use these values later when configure the SenseIt software
Re-start the computer as advised
VII.
Offset Adjustment With a Black Target
11. Set the dip switches located on the side panel of the scanner to [110 01000000] as shown in Figure 3
and push the Serial Port button which is located on the front panel of the demo system. This will reset the
XRD9827.
5
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EXAR Corporation 48720 Kato Road, Fremont, CA 94538 Phone (510)-668-7000, Fax (510)-668-7030
PRELIMINARY
S S S D D D D D D D D
2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
1
0
Figure 3. Dip Switches Set to Value [110 01000000] to Reset XRD9827
12. Select the Start Menu, choose Programs, then choose SenseIt icon
13. A window will pop up as shown below. The upper window shows the plot of captured data and the
lower window shows the histogram of data. Figure 4 shows the pop-up window when SenseIt is first
started.
6
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EXAR Corporation 48720 Kato Road, Fremont, CA 94538 Phone (510)-668-7000, Fax (510)-668-7030
PRELIMINARY
Figure 4. SenseIt Software Window Before Scanning
14. Select SETUP from the pull-down menu and choose I/O ADDRESS. In the window that pops up, type
in the Input/Output Range of Printer Port of your computer. The default setting is 378H.
15. Pick the black target out from the kit and put it on a flat area. Place the XRD9827REF on top of the
black target with the CIS sensor facing downwards. From the CAPTURE menu select SNAP SHOT (or
simply press CTRL and B buttons simultaneously) for a single line scan of the black target with the dip
switches set to [000 00000000]. A typical result of a black target scan is shown below:
7
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EXAR Corporation 48720 Kato Road, Fremont, CA 94538 Phone (510)-668-7000, Fax (510)-668-7030
PRELIMINARY
Figure 5. Non-calibrated Black Target Scan
16. Set the dip switches to [110 00010000] to tie VDCREF and VDCEXT pin together internally. Push the
Serial Port button. The XRD9827 will subtract whatever voltage appears on VDCEXT (pin 16) from the
input and thus perform a global offset adjustment. A typical result of the global offset adjustment is shown
below. Please notice that the black code value has moved down.
8
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EXAR Corporation 48720 Kato Road, Fremont, CA 94538 Phone (510)-668-7000, Fax (510)-668-7030
PRELIMINARY
Figure 6. Black Target Scan After Global Offset Adjust Using the 9827 Internal
Bandgap Reference Voltage
17. Then, set the dip switches to [111 00010000] and push the Serial Port button again. By doing this, a
1.24V reference voltage provided by an internal bandgap is applied to the VDCEXT pin. VDCEXT is
connected to VREF pin (Pin 5) of the CANON CIS, this voltage is used by the CIS as a biasing voltage.
Moreover, a 12K built-in resistor of the XRD9827 serves as a pull-down for the output of the CIS. By
interfacing the XRD9827 with a CANON CIS, a designer can save two biasing diodes and two resistors
and thus reduce cost.
9
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EXAR Corporation 48720 Kato Road, Fremont, CA 94538 Phone (510)-668-7000, Fax (510)-668-7030
PRELIMINARY
XRD9827
VDD
1.24V
BANDGAP
VRT
12K
PIN 19
(RED)
M
U
X
C
I
S
RL
PIN 16
(VDCEXT)
2.2uF
VRB
Figure 7. Simplified Block Diagram Showing Global Offset Adjustment by XRD9827 Using
Internal Bandgap and CIS Using VDCEXT for Biasing
18. Set the dip switches to [001 01010000] to select the internal offset DAC for fine offset adjustment.
Push the Serial Port button. From the CAPTURE menu select SNAP SHOT. The offset should now move
the output of the CIS to almost zero scale. The other way to do a SNAP SHOT is by pressing CTRL and B
button at the same time. Please refer to data sheet for offset adjustment. A typical result of the fine offset
adjustment is shown below.
10
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EXAR Corporation 48720 Kato Road, Fremont, CA 94538 Phone (510)-668-7000, Fax (510)-668-7030
PRELIMINARY
Figure 8. Black Target Scan After Global and Fine Adjustment
11
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EXAR Corporation 48720 Kato Road, Fremont, CA 94538 Phone (510)-668-7000, Fax (510)-668-7030
PRELIMINARY
XRD9827
VDD
VRT
PIN 19
(RED)
C
I
S
M
U
X
RL
8-BIT
OFFSET
DAC
VRB
Figure 9. Simplified Block Diagram Showing Fine Offset Adjustment by XRD9827
19. Switch the black target to the enclosed white target. From the CAPTURE menu select SNAP SHOT
for a single line scan of the white target. A typical result of a white target is shown below.
12
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EXAR Corporation 48720 Kato Road, Fremont, CA 94538 Phone (510)-668-7000, Fax (510)-668-7030
PRELIMINARY
Figure 10. White Target Scan Without Gain Adjustment
20. Set the dip switches to [000 00001000] to select the desired gain. Push the Serial Port button. From
the CAPTURE menu select SNAP SHOT. The gain should move the output of the CIS to almost full scale.
Please refer to data sheet for further gain adjustment and optimal values of dip switches for your scanner.
A typical result of the white target with gain adjustment is shown below.
13
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EXAR Corporation 48720 Kato Road, Fremont, CA 94538 Phone (510)-668-7000, Fax (510)-668-7030
PRELIMINARY
Figure 11. White Target Scan After Gain Adjustment
14
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EXAR Corporation 48720 Kato Road, Fremont, CA 94538 Phone (510)-668-7000, Fax (510)-668-7030
PRELIMINARY
XRD9827
VDD
VRT
PIN 19
(RED)
C
I
S
M
U
X
RL
PGA
VRB
6-BIT GAIN
REGISTER
Figure 12. Simplified Block Diagram Showing Gain Adjustment by XRD9827
21. Once the XRD9827 has been fully calibrated, any target can be scanned. For example: Scan a gray
scale to demonstrate the stair step response or a color target for color responsitivity.
15
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EXAR Corporation 48720 Kato Road, Fremont, CA 94538 Phone (510)-668-7000, Fax (510)-668-7030
PRELIMINARY
Figure 13. Gray-scale Target Scan
22. To demonstrate the noise component is contributed from the CIS, we hooked up a DC reference to the
scanner and the results are shown below in Table 1.
REFERENCE DC (V)
STANDARD DEVIATION
SYSTEM SNR (dB) W/O CIS
NOISE COMPONENT
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
2.144328
3.48261
2.399188
1.983461
62.6117
58.3988
61.6356
63.28842
Table 1. Signal-to-Noise Ratio of the XRD9827REF with DC Source as Input (No CIS Noise
Component)
As we can see from Table 1, the SNR falls into the range of 58 dB to 63 dB when a DC reference is used
as input to the XRD9827REF. The system alone gives a 9 1/2 to 10 bit performance. The largest noise
source we saw in previous scans came from the CIS. A typical plot of the DC reference is shown in Figure
14.
16
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EXAR Corporation 48720 Kato Road, Fremont, CA 94538 Phone (510)-668-7000, Fax (510)-668-7030
PRELIMINARY
Figure 14. Plot of 3.5V DC Source as Input to the XRD9827REF
Important:
1.
2.
3.
If at any time an unexpected result is shown or the demo system seems to not working, please pull
the AC adapter out from the wall outlet to cycle power. Start the procedures again from Step 11.
Keep the scanner away from other electrical equipment, power cords, light dimmers, etc., as stray
electrical fields can end up in the digitized data.
Switch off all unnesscessary light sources and place the scanner flat on the image, this can prevent
stray light from entering the sensor and disrupt the scan.
17
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EXAR Corporation 48720 Kato Road, Fremont, CA 94538 Phone (510)-668-7000, Fax (510)-668-7030
PRELIMINARY
DVDD
C1
C2
U1
0.1uF
0.01uF
AVDD
15
1
VREF+
DVDD
DGND
AVDD
AGND
C3
C4
10
20
14
DGND
C5
C6
1uF
0.1uF
0.1uF
0.01uF
CISOUT
AGND
AGND
TP1
2
1
19
18
17
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
DB7/LD
g
t
RED
GRN
BLU
DB7/LD
DB6/SDATA
DB5/SCLK
DB4
DB6/SDATA
DB5/SCLK
DB4
AGND
DB3
DB3
DB2
DB1
DB0
DB2
DB1
DB0
16
11
12
ADCCLK
SYNC
VDCEXT ADCCLK
CLAMP
VDCEXT
13
SYNCH
XRD9827
AVDD
U2
POWER SUPPLY
CIRCUITS
LM7805-5
1
3
IN
OUT
C8
C9
0.1uF
DVDD
0.22uF
R3
JP1
GO TO LED ON THE
CASE OF SCANNER
1
2
L2
J1
1K
L1
OPEN
HEADER 2
AGND
10uH
DGND
DGND
C32
POWERJACK
OPEN
C10
H:\PROJECT\ORCADWIN\9827\9827REFB.DSN
C11
0.47uF
0.22uF
DVDD
Title
DGND
XRD9827 REFERENCE BOARD
1
3
IN
OUT
Size
B
Document Number
Rev
B
U3
LM7805-5
XRD9827REF
Date:
Thursday, July 23, 1998
Sheet
1
of
3
18
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EXAR Corporation 48720 Kato Road, Fremont, CA 94538 Phone (510)-668-7000, Fax (510)-668-7030
PRELIMINARY
DVDD
U4
MACH435
82
83
IO63
I2
IO0
SYNC
R4
33 81
80
3
R5
R6
R7
33
33
33
DB5/SCLK
DB6/SDATA
DB7/LD
IO62
IO61
IO60
IO59
IO58
IO57
IO56
IO55
IO54
IO53
IO52
IO51
IO50
IO49
IO48
CLK3
CLK2
IO47
IO46
IO45
IO44
IO43
IO42
IO41
IO40
IO39
IO38
IO37
IO36
IO35
IO34
IO33
IO32
I1
WCLK2
4
IO1
79
5
IO2
DVDD
78
6
STROBE
IO3
77
7
IO4
S1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
76
8
S2
IO5
R8
R9
2.2K
2.2K
2.2K
2.2K
2.2K
2.2K
2.2K
2.2K
2.2K
2.2K
2.2K
S2
S1
S0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
75
9
AUTOFD
IO6
R10
R11
R12
R13
R14
R15
R16
R17
R18
73
10
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
IO7
72
IO8
71
IO9
10
11
12
70
IO10
IO11
IO12
IO13
IO14
IO15
CLK0
CLK1
IO16
IO17
IO18
IO19
IO20
IO21
IO22
IO23
IO24
IO25
IO26
IO27
IO28
IO29
IO30
IO31
69
D5
D1
D4
D2
D0
SW DIP-12
R19
R20
33 68
67
DGND
RCLK
ACK
RST
DVDD
Oscillator
U5
33 66
65
MACH435
4
3
1
2
V+
OUT
NC
62
GND
61
D7
R21
33 60
59
C12
1uF
C13
0.1uF
SP
DVDD
WCLK1
58
WEN
C14
10uF
C15 C16
0.1uF 0.1uF
C17
C18
C19
C20
57
DGND
0.01uF 0.01uF 0.01uF 0.01uF
D3
S1
56
55
DGND
54
52
DVDD
51
33 R22
34
33
CISCLK
BLED
50
JP2
1
2
3
49
35
SP_PB
48
36
HEADER 3
47
37
DGND
D6
S0
46
38
RLED
GLED
R23
33 45
41
39
ADCCLK
40
H:\PROJECT\ORCADWIN\9827\9827REFB.DSN
Title
XRD9827 REFERENCE BOARD
Size
B
Document Number
Rev
B
XRD9827REF
DGND
Date:
Thursday, July 23, 1998
Sheet
2
of
3
19
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EXAR Corporation 48720 Kato Road, Fremont, CA 94538 Phone (510)-668-7000, Fax (510)-668-7030
PRELIMINARY
U6
DVDD
30
31
32
1
2
3
4
5
6
25
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
DVDD
29
28
27
26
RS*
WEN1*
WCLK
DVDD
DGND
WCLK2
WEN2*
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
LSB
Q8
Q7
Q6
Q5
Q4
Q3
Q2
Q1
Q0
O7
O6
O5
O4
O3
O2
O1
O0
7
8
10
11
12
13
STROBE
AUTOFD
PAF*
PAE*
REN1*
RCLK
REN2*
OE*
J2
STROBE
O0
O1
O2
O3
O4
O5
O6
O7
AUTOFD
INIT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
14
15
DB0
DB1
DB2
EF*
FF*
9
GND
DB3
DB4
CY7C4261
U7A
74HC04
RCLK
DB5/SCLK
DB6/SDATA
DB7/LD
10 23
11 24
12 25
13
U8
30
31
32
1
2
3
4
5
6
25
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
DVDD
DB25
29
28
27
26
DGND
RST
WEN
WCLK1
RS*
WEN1*
WCLK
ACK
WEN2*
DGND
DVDD
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
MSB
Q8
Q7
Q6
Q5
Q4
Q3
Q2
Q1
Q0
O7
O6
O5
O4
O3
O2
O1
O0
7
8
10
11
12
13
PAF*
PAE*
REN1*
RCLK
REN2*
OE*
C21
0.1uF
C22
0.1uF
14
15
EF*
FF*
9
O[7..0]
GND
DGND
AVDD
CY7C4261
DGND
DVDD
AVDD
CISOUT
VDCEXT
C23
10uF
C24
1uF
C25
0.1uF
C26
0.01uF
C27
0.01uF
U7B
R24
3
5
4
6
SPN
JP3
R25
OPEN
1
2
3
300
AGND
74HC04
U7C
JP4
1
CISOUT
MODE
GND (ANALOG)
VCC
VREF
SP
CISCLK
LED ANODE
BLED
GLED
RLED
JUMPER
SP
R26
2
SP
CISCLK
RLED
GLED
BLED
CISCLK
RLED
GLED
BLED
CISCLKN
R27
3
OPEN
4
300
5
74HC04
U7D
BGND
6
7
R28
8
9
8
2
Q1
NPN_TO18
R33
R324
R31
100
100
100
9
10
11
12
10K
74HC04
U7E
GGND
GND (FRAME)
C28
100uF
C30
47uF
C33 HEADER 12 TO CIS
DGND
AGND
R29
11
10
12
2
Q2
C29
0.1uF
NPN_TO18
RGND
47uF
DVDD
10K
74HC04
U7F
14
13
7
DGND
H:\PROJECT\ORCADWIN\9827\9827REFB.DSN
AGND
R30
2
Q3
NPN_TO18
C31
0.1uF
10K
Title
74HC04
XRD9827 REFERENCE BOARD
Size
B
Document Number
Rev
B
DGND
XRD9827REF
DGND
Date:
Thursday, July 23, 1998
Sheet
3
of
3
20
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