Product Manual
®
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA
Standard Model
ST33000650NS
Self-Encrypting Drive Model
ST33000651NS
SED FIPS 140-2 Model
Review Pending
ST33000652NS
100633157
Rev. D
April 2011
Contents
Seagate Technology support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
About the Serial ATA interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Drive specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Specification summary tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Formatted capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
LBA mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Default logical geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Recording and interface technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Physical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Seek time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Start/stop times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Power specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Power consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Conducted noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Voltage tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Power-management modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Environmental limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Temperature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Altitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Vibration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Acoustics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Test for Prominent Discrete Tones (PDTs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Electromagnetic immunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Reliability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Agency certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Safety certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Electromagnetic compatibility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
FCC verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Environmental protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Corrosive environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Reference documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Product warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Configuring and mounting the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Handling and static-discharge precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Configuring the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Serial ATA cables and connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Drive mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Mechanical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
About FIPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
About self-encrypting drives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Data encryption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Controlled access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
6.2.3
Admin SP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Locking SP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Default password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
i
Power requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
ATA Security Erase Unit Command on SED SATA drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Hot-Plug compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Serial ATA device plug connector pin definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
7.3.3
Set Features command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
ii
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
List of Figures
Figure 6.
Typical 5V startup and operation current profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Typical 12V startup and operation current profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Location of the HDA temperature check point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Attaching SATA cabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Mounting dimensions—top, side and end view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Example of FIPS tamper evidence labels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
iii
1.0
Seagate Technology support services
SEAGATE ONLINE SUPPORT and SERVICES
For information regarding products and services, visit http://www.seagate.com/www/en-us/about/contact_us/
Available services include:
Presales & Technical support
Global Support Services telephone numbers & business hours
Authorized Service Centers
For information regarding Warranty Support, visit
http://www.seagate.com/www/en-us/support/warranty_&_returns_assistance
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
1
2.0
Introduction
This manual describes the functional, mechanical and interface specifications for the following Seagate
Constellation® ES.2 Serial ATA model drives:
Model Number
ST33000652NS
ST33000651NS
ST33000650NS
Self-Encrypting Drive (SED)
FIPS 140-2 Level 2 (Review Pending)
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
No
These drives provide the following key features:
• 7200 RPM spindle speed.
• PowerChoice™ for selectable power savings
• Top Cover Attached motor for excellent vibration tolerance
• High instantaneous (burst) data-transfer rates (up to 600MB per second).
• Perpendicular recording technology provides the drives with increased areal density.
• State-of-the-art cache and on-the-fly error-correction algorithms.
• Native Command Queueing with command ordering to increase performance in demanding applications.
• Full-track multiple-sector transfer capability without local processor intervention.
• SeaTools™ diagnostic software performs a drive self-test that eliminates unnecessary drive returns.
• Support for S.M.A.R.T. drive monitoring and reporting.
• Supports latching SATA cables and connectors.
• Worldwide Name (WWN) capability uniquely identifies the drive.
Note. Seagate recommends validating your configuration with the selected HBA/RAID controller
manufacturer to ensure full 3TB capacity capabilities.
For more information on FIPS 140-2 Level 2 certification see See Section 5.0 on page 25 .
For product certification status visit - http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/STM/cmvp/documents/140-1/1401vend.htm.
2
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
2.1
About the Serial ATA interface
The Serial ATA interface provides several advantages over the traditional (parallel) ATA interface. The primary
advantages include:
• Easy installation and configuration with true plug-and-play connectivity. It is not necessary to set any jump-
ers or other configuration options.
• Thinner and more flexible cabling for improved enclosure airflow and ease of installation.
• Scalability to higher performance levels.
In addition, Serial ATA makes the transition from parallel ATA easy by providing legacy software support. Serial
ATA was designed to allow you to install a Serial ATA host adapter and Serial ATA disc drive in your current
system and expect all of your existing applications to work as normal.
The Serial ATA interface connects each disc drive in a point-to-point configuration with the Serial ATA host
adapter. There is no master/slave relationship with Serial ATA devices like there is with parallel ATA. If two
drives are attached on one Serial ATA host adapter, the host operating system views the two devices as if they
were both “masters” on two separate ports. This essentially means both drives behave as if they are Device 0
(master) devices.
Note. The host adapter may, optionally, emulate a master/slave environment to host software where two
devices on separate Serial ATA ports are represented to host software as a Device 0 (master) and
Device 1 (slave) accessed at the same set of host bus addresses. A host adapter that emulates a
master/slave environment manages two sets of shadow registers. This is not a typical Serial ATA
environment.
The Serial ATA host adapter and drive share the function of emulating parallel ATA device behavior to provide
backward compatibility with existing host systems and software. The Command and Control Block registers,
PIO and DMA data transfers, resets, and interrupts are all emulated.
The Serial ATA host adapter contains a set of registers that shadow the contents of the traditional device regis-
ters, referred to as the Shadow Register Block. All Serial ATA devices behave like Device 0 devices. For addi-
tional information about how Serial ATA emulates parallel ATA, refer to the “Serial ATA: High Speed Serialized
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
3
3.0
Drive specifications
Unless otherwise noted, all specifications are measured under ambient conditions, at 25°C, and nominal
power. For convenience, the phrases the drive and this drive are used throughout this manual to indicate the
following drive models:
Model Number
ST33000652NS
ST33000651NS
ST33000650NS
Self-Encrypting Drive (SED)
FIPS 140-2 Level 2 (Review Pending)
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
No
3.1
Specification summary tables
The specifications listed in the following tables are for quick reference. For details on specification measure-
ment or definition, see the appropriate section of this manual.
Table 1:
Drive specifications summary
Drive specification
ST33000650NS
ST33000651NS
ST33000652NS
Formatted (512 bytes/sector)*
Guaranteed sectors
3TB
5,860,533,168
Heads
10
Discs
5
Bytes per sector
512
63
Default sectors per track
Default read/write heads
Default cylinders
16
16,383
1638
270
444
7200
1900
Recording density, KBPI (Kb/in max)
Track density, KTPI (ktracks/in avg.)
Areal density, (Gb/in2 avg)
Spindle speed (RPM)
Internal data transfer rate
(Mb/s max)
Sustained data transfer rate OD
(MB/s max)
155
600
I/O data-transfer rate
(MB/s max)
ATA data-transfer modes supported
PIO modes 0–4
Multiword DMA modes 0–2
Ultra DMA modes 0–6
4
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
Drive specification
ST33000650NS
ST33000651NS
ST33000652NS
Cache buffer
64MB
Weight: (maximum)
700g (1.543 lb)
Average latency
4.16ms
15
Power-on to ready (sec max)
Standby to ready (sec max)
Track-to-track seek time (ms typical)
15
0.5 read
0.5 write
Average seek, read (ms typical)
Average seek, write (ms typical)
Startup current (typical) 12V (peak)
8.5
9.5
2.8A
2.0A (optional configuration through Smart Command Transport)
Voltage tolerance (including noise)
Ambient temperature
5V ±5%
12V ±5%
5° to 60°C (operating/tested)
–40° to 70°C (nonoperating)
Temperature gradient
(°C per hour max)
20°C (operating)
30°C (nonoperating)
Relative humidity
5% to 90% (operating)
5% to 95% (nonoperating)
Relative humidity gradient
Altitude, operating
30% per hour max
–60.96 m to 3,048 m
(–200 ft to 10,000+ ft)
Altitude, nonoperating
(below mean sea level, max)
–60.96 m to 12,192 m
(–200 ft to 40,000+ ft)
Operational Shock (max at 2 ms)
Non-Operational Shock (max at 2 ms)
Vibration, operating
Read 70 Gs / Write 40 Gs
300 Gs
5–22 Hz:
0.25 Gs, Limited displacement
22–350 Hz: 0.50 Gs
350–500 Hz: 0.25 Gs
Operation Rotational vibration
Vibration, nonoperating
Drive acoustics, sound power (bels)
Idle**
20–1500Hz: 12.5 rads/s²
10–500 Hz: 4.9 Grms ref
2.8 (typical)
3.0 (max)
Performance seek
3.2 (typical)
3.4 (max)
Nonrecoverable read errors
Annualized Failure Rate (AFR)
Warranty
1 sector per 1015 bits read
0.73% based on 8760 POH
To determine the warranty for a specific drive, use a web browser to access the following
web page: support.seagate.com/customer/warranty_validation.jsp
You will be asked to provide the drive serial number, model number (or part number) and
country of purchase. After submitting this information, the system will display the warranty
information for your drive.
Load-unload cycles
300,000 (25°C, 50% rel. humidity) (600,000 design life testing)
Yes
Supports Hotplug operation per
Serial ATA Revision 2.6 specification
*One GB equals one billion bytes when referring to hard drive capacity. Accessible capacity may vary depending on operating environment
and formatting.
**During periods of drive idle, some offline activity may occur according to the S.M.A.R.T. specification, which may increase acoustic and
power to operational levels.
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
5
3.2
Formatted capacity
Formatted
capacity*
Guaranteed
sectors
Model
Bytes per sector
ST33000650NS
ST33000651NS
ST33000652NS
3TB
5,860,533,168
512
*One GB equals one billion bytes when referring to hard drive capacity. Accessible capacity may vary depending on operating environment
and formatting.
3.2.1
LBA mode
When addressing these drives in LBA mode, all blocks (sectors) are consecutively numbered from 0 to n–1,
where n is the number of guaranteed sectors as defined above.
See Section 7.3.1, "Identify Device command" (words 60-61 and 100-103) for additional information about 48-
bit addressing support of drives with capacities over 137GB.
3.3
Default logical geometry
Cylinders
Read/write heads
Sectors per track
63
16,383
16
LBA mode
When addressing these drives in LBA mode, all blocks (sectors) are consecutively numbered from 0 to n–1,
where n is the number of guaranteed sectors as defined above.
3.4
Recording and interface technology
Interface
Serial ATA (SATA)
Recording method
Perpendicular
Recording density, KBPI (Kb/in max)
Track density, KTPI (ktracks/in avg)
1638
270
2
Areal density (Gb/in avg)
444
Spindle speed (RPM) (± 0.2%)
7200
Internal data transfer rate (Mb/s max)
Sustained data transfer rate (MB/s max)
I/O data-transfer rate (MB/s max)
1900
155
600 (Ultra DMA mode 5)
6
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
3.5
Physical characteristics
Weight: (maximum)
Cache buffer
700g (1.543 lb)
64MB (64,768KB)
3.6
Seek time
Seek measurements are taken with nominal power at 25°C ambient temperature. All times are measured using
drive diagnostics. The specifications in the table below are defined as follows:
• Track-to-track seek time is an average of all possible single-track seeks in both directions.
• Average seek time is a true statistical random average of at least 5000 measurements of seeks between
random tracks, less overhead.
*Typical seek times (ms)
Track-to-track
Read
0.50
8.5
Write
0.50
9.5
Average
Average latency:
4.16
*Measured in performance mode.
Note. These drives are designed to consistently meet the seek times represented in this manual. Physical
seeks, regardless of mode (such as track-to-track and average), are expected to meet the noted
values. However, due to the manner in which these drives are formatted, benchmark tests that
include command overhead or measure logical seeks may produce results that vary from these
specifications.
3.7
Start/stop times
3TB models
15 (max)
Power-on to Ready (sec)
Standby to Ready (sec)
15 (max)
Ready to spindle stop (sec)
20 (max)
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
7
3.8
Power specifications
The drive receives DC power (+5V or +12V) through a native SATA power connector. See Figure 4 on page 23.
3.8.1 Power consumption
Power requirements for the drives are listed in the table on page 9. Typical power measurements are based on
an average of drives tested, under nominal conditions, using 5.0V and 12.0V input voltage at 25°C ambient
temperature.
• Spinup power
Spinup power is measured from the time of power-on to the time that the drive spindle reaches operating
speed.
• Seek mode
During seek mode, the read/write actuator arm moves toward a specific position on the disc surface and
does not execute a read or write operation. Servo electronics are active. Seek mode power represents the
worst-case power consumption, using only random seeks with read or write latency time. This mode is not
typical and is provided for worst-case information.
• Read/write power and current
Read/write power is measured with the heads on track, based on a 16-sector write followed by a 32-ms
delay, then a 16-sector read followed by a 32ms delay.
• Operating power and current
Operating power is measured using 40 percent random seeks, 40 percent read/write mode (1 write for each
10 reads) and 20 percent drive idle mode.
• Idle mode power
Idle mode power is measured with the drive up to speed, with servo electronics active and with the heads in
a random track location.
• Standby mode
During Standby mode, the drive accepts commands, but the drive is not spinning, and the servo and read/
write electronics are in power-down mode.
8
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
Table 2:
3000GB Drive DC power requirements
+5V
3.0Gb mode
+12V
6.0Gb mode
+12V
Voltage
Power
(Watts)
7.68
+5V
Power
(Watts)
7.71
Regulation
± 5%
± 5%
Avg Idle Current *
Advanced Idle Current *
Idle_A
0.36
0.49
0.37
0.49
0.15
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.50
0.41
0.24
0.01
6.73
5.54
3.55
0.75
0.16
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.50
0.41
0.24
0.01
6.76
5.57
3.59
0.79
Idle_B
Idle_C
Standby
Transition Current *
Idle_A (Active)
0.80
0.64
0.74
0.70
0.13
1.48
1.29
2.53
2.89
0.01
21.76
18.63
34.01
38.13
0.75
0.84
0.70
0.74
0.68
0.14
1.48
1.35
2.51
2.79
0.01
21.96
19.68
33.80
36.82
0.79
Idle_B (Active)
Idle_C (Active)
Standby (Active)
Average Sleep Current
Maximum Start Current
DC (peak DC)
0.53
0.68
0.13
2.04
2.85
0.01
27.13
37.53
0.77
0.54
0.70
0.14
2.04
2.79
0.01
27.18
36.91
0.82
AC (Peak DC)
Delayed Motor Start (DC max)
Peak operating current (random read):
Typical DC
0.32
0.32
1.10
0.75
0.77
1.76
10.62
10.82
26.62
0.33
0.33
1.14
0.75
0.76
1.74
10.68
10.82
26.58
Maximum DC
Maximum DC(peak)
Peak operating current (random write)
Typical DC
0.43
0.44
0.96
0.61
0.62
1.72
9.53
9.62
25.44
0.44
0.44
0.98
0.61
0.62
1.72
9.54
9.64
25.54
Maximum DC
Maximum DC(peak)
Peak operating current (sequential read)
Typical DC
0.64
0.65
1.00
0.48
0.49
0.74
9.01
9.11
0.65
0.66
1.02
0.48
0.49
0.72
9.03
9.17
13.74
Maximum DC
Maximum DC(peak)
Peak operating current (sequential write)
Typical DC
13.88
0.73
0.74
0.98
0.48
0.49
0.74
9.45
9.56
13.78
0.74
0.74
1.00
0.48
0.49
0.82
9.47
9.61
14.84
Maximum DC
Maximum DC(peak)
*During periods of drive idle, some offline activity may occur according to the S.M.A.R.T. specification, which may increase acoustic and
power to operational levels.
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
9
Figure 2. Typical 12V startup and operation current profile
3.8.2 Conducted noise
Input noise ripple is measured at the host system power supply across an equivalent 80-ohm resistive load on
the +12 V line or an equivalent 15-ohm resistive load on the +5V line.
• Using 12V power, the drive is expected to operate with a maximum of 120mV peak-to-peak square-wave
injected noise at up to 10MHz.
• Using 5V power, the drive is expected to operate with a maximum of 100mV peak-to-peak square-wave
injected noise at up to 10MHz.
Note. Equivalent resistance is calculated by dividing the nominal voltage by the typical RMS read/write
current.
3.8.3
Voltage tolerance
Voltage tolerance (including noise):
5V ± 5%
12V ± 5%
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
11
3.8.4
Power-management modes
The drive provides programmable power management to provide greater energy efficiency. In most systems,
you can control power management through the system setup program. The drive features the following
power-management modes:
Power modes
Active
Heads
Spindle
Buffer
Tracking
ID Biased
Parked
Parked
Parked
Parked
Rotating
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
Disabled
Idle_a
Rotating
Idle_b
Rotating
Idle_c
Rotating at lower RPM
Stopped
Standby
Sleep
Stopped
• Active mode
The drive is in Active mode during the read/write and seek operations.
• Idle mode
The buffer remains enabled, and the drive accepts all commands and returns to Active mode any time disc
access is necessary.
• Standby mode
The drive enters Standby mode when the host sends a Standby Immediate command. If the host has set
the standby timer, the drive can also enter Standby mode automatically after the drive has been inactive for
a specifiable length of time. The standby timer delay is established using a Standby or Idle command. In
Standby mode, the drive buffer is enabled, the heads are parked and the spindle is at rest. The drive
accepts all commands and returns to Active mode any time disc access is necessary.
• Sleep mode
The drive enters Sleep mode after receiving a Sleep command from the host. In Sleep mode, the drive buf-
fer is disabled, the heads are parked and the spindle is at rest. The drive leaves Sleep mode after it
receives a Hard Reset or Soft Reset from the host. After receiving a reset, the drive exits Sleep mode and
enters Standby mode with all current translation parameters intact.
• Idle and Standby timers
Each time the drive performs an Active function (read, write or seek), the standby timer is reinitialized and
begins counting down from its specified delay times to zero. If the standby timer reaches zero before any
drive activity is required, the drive makes a transition to Standby mode. In both Idle and Standby mode, the
drive accepts all commands and returns to Active mode when disc access is necessary.
12
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
3.8.4.1
Extended Power Conditions - PowerChoiceTM
Utilizing the load/unload architecture a programmable power management interface is provided to tailor sys-
tems for reduced power consumption and performance requirements.
The table below lists the supported power conditions available in PowerChoice. Power conditions are ordered
from highest power consumption (and shortest recovery time) to lowest power consumption (and longest
recovery time) as follows: Idle_a power >= Idle_b power >= Idle_c power >= Standby_z power. The further you
go down in the table, the more power savings is actualized. For example, Idle_b results in greater power sav-
ings than the Idle_a power condition. Standby results in the greatest power savings.
Power Condition Name
Power Condition ID
Description
Idle_a
81
82
83
00
Reduced electronics
H
H
H
H
Idle_b
Heads unloaded. Disks spinning at full RPM
Heads unloaded. Disks spinning at reduced RPM
Heads unloaded. Motor stopped (disks not spinning)
Idle_c
Standby_z
Each power condition has a set of current, saved and default settings. Default settings are not modifiable.
Default and saved settings persist across power-on resets. The current settings do not persist across power-on
resets. At the time of manufacture, the default, saved and current settings are in the Power Conditions log
match.
PowerChoice is invoked using one of two methods
• Automatic power transitions which are triggered by expiration of individual power condition timers. These
timer values may be customized and enabled using the Extended Power Conditions (EPC) feature set using
the standardized Set Features command interface.
• Immediate host commanded power transitions may be initiated using an EPC Set Features "Go to Power
Condition" subcommand to enter any supported power condition. Legacy power commands Standby Imme-
diate and Idle Immediate also provide a method to directly transition the drive into supported power condi-
tions.
PowerChoice exits power saving states under the following conditions
• Any command which requires the drive to enter the PM0: Active state (media access)
• Power on reset
PowerChoice provides the following reporting methods for tracking purposes
Check Power Mode Command
• Reports the current power state of the drive
Identify Device Command
• EPC Feature set supported flag
• EPC Feature enabled flag is set if at least one Idle power condition timer is enabled
Power Condition Log reports the following for each power condition
• Nominal recovery time from the power condition to active
• If the power condition is Supported, Changeable, and Savable
• Default enabled state, and timer value
• Saved enabled state, and timer value
• Current enabled state, and timer value
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
13
S.M.A.R.T. Read Data Reports
• Attribute 192 - Emergency Retract Count
• Attribute 193 - Load/Unload Cycle Count
PowerChoice Manufacture Default Power Condition Timer Values
Default power condition timer values have been established to assure product reliability and data integrity. A
minimum timer value threshold of two minutes ensures the appropriate amount of background drive mainte-
nance activities occur. Attempting to set a timer values less than the specified minimum timer value threshold
will result in an aborted EPC "Set Power Condition Timer" subcommand.
Power Condition Name
Manufacturer Default Timer Values
Idle_a
2 min
Idle_b
4 min
Idle_c
10 min
15 min
Standby_z
Setting power condition timer values less than the manufacturer specified defaults or issuing the EPC "Go to
Power Condition" subcommand at a rate exceeding the default timers may limit this products reliability and
data integrity.
PowerChoice Supported Extended Power Condition Feature Subcommands
EPC Subcommand
Description
00
01
02
03
Restore Power Condition Settings
Go to Power Condition
Set Power Condition Timer
Set Power Condition State
H
H
H
H
PowerChoice Supported Extended Power Condition Indentifiers
Power Condition Identifiers
00
Power Condition Name
Standby_z
H
01 - 80
Reserved
H
81
82
83
Idle_a
H
H
H
Idle_b
Idle_c
84 - FE
Reserved
H
FF
All EPC Power Conditions
H
14
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
3.9
Environmental limits
Temperature and humidity values experienced by the drive must be such that condensation does not occur on
any drive part. Altitude and atmospheric pressure specifications are referenced to a standard day at 58.7°F
(14.8°C). Maximum wet bulb temperature is 82°F (28°C).
3.9.1
Temperature
a. Operating
The drive meets the operating specifications over a 41°F to 140°F (5°C to 60°C) drive case temperature
range with a maximum temperature gradient of 36°F (20°C) per hour.
measurement location
The MTBF specification for the drive assumes the operating environment is designed to maintain nominal
case temperature. The rated MTBF is based upon a sustained case temperature of 104°F (40°C).
Occasional excursions in operating temperature between the rated MTBF temperature and the maximum
drive operating case temperature may occur without impact to the rated MTBF temperature. However,
continual or sustained operation at case temperatures beyond the rated MTBF temperature will degrade the
drive MTBF and reduce product reliability.
Air flow may be required to achieve consistent nominal case temperature values (see Section 4.4). To
confirm that the required cooling is provided for the electronics and HDA, place the drive in its final
mechanical configuration, and perform random write/read operations. After the temperatures stabilize,
measure the case temperature of the drive.
b. Non-operating
–40° to 158°F (–40° to 70°C) package ambient with a maximum gradient of 36°F (20°C) per hour. This
specification assumes that the drive is packaged in the shipping container designed by Seagate for use with
drive.
HDA Temp.
Check Point
Figure 3. Location of the HDA temperature check point
Note. Image is for reference only, may not represent actual drive
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
15
3.9.2
Humidity
3.9.2.1
Relative humidity
Operating:
Nonoperating:
5% to 90% noncondensing (30% per hour max)
5% to 95% noncondensing (30% per hour max)
3.9.3
Altitude
Operating:
–60.96 m to 3,048 m (–200 ft. to 10,000+ ft.)
–60.96 m to 12,192 m (–200 ft. to 40,000+ ft.)
Nonoperating:
3.9.4
Shock
All shock specifications assume that the drive is mounted securely with the input shock applied at the drive
mounting screws. Shock may be applied in the X, Y or Z axis.
3.9.4.1
Operating shock
These drives comply with the performance levels specified in this document when subjected to a maximum
operating shock of 70 Gs (read) and 40 Gs (write) based on half-sine shock pulses of 2ms. Shocks should not
be repeated more than two times per second.
3.9.4.2
Nonoperating shock
The nonoperating shock level that the drive can experience without incurring physical damage or degradation
in performance when subsequently put into operation is 300 Gs based on a nonrepetitive half-sine shock pulse
of 2ms duration.
3.9.5
Vibration
All vibration specifications assume that the drive is mounted securely with the input vibration applied at the
drive mounting screws. Vibration may be applied in the X, Y or Z axis.
3.9.5.1
Operating vibration
The maximum vibration levels that the drive may experience while meeting the performance standards speci-
fied in this document are specified below.
5–22 Hz
0.25 Gs
0.50 Gs
0.25 Gs
22–350 Hz
350–500 Hz
20 - 1500Hz
*(RROV)
2
12.5 rads/s w/RVFF
* Rotary Random Operating Vibration
3.9.5.2 Nonoperating vibration
The maximum nonoperating vibration levels that the drive may experience without incurring physical damage
or degradation in performance when subsequently put into operation are specified below.
10–500 Hz
Linear Random
4.9 Grms ref
16
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
3.10
Acoustics
Drive acoustics are measured as overall A-weighted acoustic sound power levels (no pure tones). All mea-
surements are consistent with ISO document 7779. Sound power measurements are taken under essentially
free-field conditions over a reflecting plane. For all tests, the drive is oriented with the cover facing upward.
Note. For seek mode tests, the drive is placed in seek mode only. The number of seeks per second is defined
by the following equation:
(Number of seeks per second = 0.4 / (average latency + average access time)
Table 3:
Fluid Dynamic Bearing (FDB) motor acoustics
Idle*
Performance seek
ST33000650NS
ST33000651NS
ST33000652NS
2.8 bels (typ)
3.0 bels (max)
3.2 bels (typ)
3.4 bels (max)
*During periods of drive idle, some offline activity may occur according to the S.M.A.R.T. specification, which may increase acoustic and
power to operational levels.
3.11
Test for Prominent Discrete Tones (PDTs)
Seagate follows the ECMA-74 standards for measurement and identification of PDTs. An exception to this
process is the use of the absolute threshold of hearing. Seagate uses this threshold curve (originated in ISO
389-7) to discern tone audibility and to compensate for the inaudible components of sound prior to computation
of tone ratios according to Annex D of the ECMA-74 standards.
3.12
Electromagnetic immunity
When properly installed in a representative host system, the drive operates without errors or degradation in
performance when subjected to the radio frequency (RF) environments defined in the following table:
Table 4:
Test
Radio frequency environments
Description
Performance level
Reference standard
Electrostatic
discharge
Contact, HCP, VCP: ± 4 kV; Air: ± 8 kV
B
EN 61000-4-2: 95
Radiated RF
immunity
80 to 1000 MHz, 3 V/m,
A
B
EN 61000-4-3: 96
ENV 50204: 95
80% AM with 1 kHz sine
900 MHz, 3 V/m, 50% pulse modulation @ 200 Hz
Electrical fast
transient
± 1 kV on AC mains, ± 0.5 kV on external I/O
EN 61000-4-4: 95
Surge immunity ± 1 kV differential, ± 2 kV common, AC mains
B
A
EN 61000-4-5: 95
EN 61000-4-6: 97
Conducted RF
immunity
150 kHz to 80 MHz, 3 Vrms, 80% AM with 1 kHz sine
Voltage dips,
interrupts
0% open, 5 seconds
0% short, 5 seconds
40%, 0.10 seconds
70%, 0.01 seconds
C
C
C
B
EN 61000-4-11: 94
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
17
3.13
Reliability
3.13.1
Annualized Failure Rate (AFR) and Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)
The product shall achieve an Annualized Failure Rate (AFR) of 0.73% (MTBF of 1.2 million hours) when oper-
ated nominal power and typical case temperatures of 40°C. Operation at temperatures outside the specifica-
tions in Section 3.9 may increase the product AFR (decrease MTBF). AFR and MTBF are population statistics
that are not relevant to individual units.
AFR and MTBF specifications are based on the following assumptions for business critical storage system
environments:
• 8760 power-on-hours per year.
• Operations at nominal voltages.
• Normal I/O duty cycle for enterprise nearline applications. Operation at excessive I/O duty cycle may
degrade product reliability.
The enterprise application nearline environment of power-on-hours, temperature, and I/O duty cycle affect the
product AFR and MTBF.
15
Nonrecoverable read errors
Annualized Failure Rate (AFR)
Load unload cycles
1 per 10 bits read, max
0.73% (nominal power, 40°C case temperature)
300,000 cycles
Warranty
To determine the warranty for a specific drive, use a web browser to access the
following web page: support.seagate.com/customer/warranty_validation.jsp
From this page, click on the "Verify Your Warranty" link. You will be asked to provide
the drive serial number, model number (or part number) and country of purchase.The
system will display the warranty information for your drive.
Preventive maintenance
None required.
3.14
Agency certification
3.14.1
Safety certification
These products are certified to meet the requirements of UL60950-1, CSA60950-1 and EN60950 and so
marked as to the certify agency.
3.14.2
Electromagnetic compatibility
Hard drives that display the CE mark comply with the European Union (EU) requirements specified in the Elec-
tromagnetic Compatibility Directive (2004/108/EC) as put into place 20 July 2007. Testing is performed to the
levels specified by the product standards for Information Technology Equipment (ITE). Emission levels are
defined by EN 55022, Class B and the immunity levels are defined by EN 55024.
Drives are tested in representative end-user systems. Although CE-marked Seagate drives comply with the
directives when used in the test systems, we cannot guarantee that all systems will comply with the directives.
The drive is designed for operation inside a properly designed enclosure, with properly shielded I/O cable (if
necessary) and terminators on all unused I/O ports. Computer manufacturers and system integrators should
confirm EMC compliance and provide CE marking for their products.
18
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
Korean RRL
If these drives have the Korean Communications Commission (KCC) logo, they comply with paragraph 1 of
Article 11 of the Electromagnetic Compatibility control Regulation and meet the Electromagnetic Compatibility
(EMC) Framework requirements of the Radio Research Laboratory (RRL) Communications Commission,
Republic of Korea.
These drives have been tested and comply with the Electromagnetic Interference/Electromagnetic
Susceptibility (EMI/EMS) for Class B products. Drives are tested in a representative, end-user system by a
Korean-recognized lab.
• Family name: Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA
• Certificate number: STX-Constell-ES (B)
• Date of Certification: August 20, 2009
Australian C-Tick (N176)
If these models have the C-Tick marking, they comply with the Australia/New Zealand Standard AS/NZ
CISPR22 and meet the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Framework requirements of the Australian
Communication Authority (ACA).
3.14.3
FCC verification
These drives are intended to be contained solely within a personal computer or similar enclosure (not attached
as an external device). As such, each drive is considered to be a subassembly even when it is individually
marketed to the customer. As a subassembly, no Federal Communications Commission verification or
certification of the device is required.
Seagate has tested this device in enclosures as described above to ensure that the total assembly (enclosure,
disc drive, motherboard, power supply, etc.) does comply with the limits for a Class B computing device,
pursuant to Subpart J, Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation with noncertified assemblies is likely to result in
interference to radio and television reception.
Radio and television interference. This equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy and if not
installed and used in strict accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, may cause interference to radio
and television reception.
This equipment is designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residential
installation. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this
equipment does cause interference to radio or television, which can be determined by turning the equipment
on and off, you are encouraged to try one or more of the following corrective measures:
• Reorient the receiving antenna.
• Move the device to one side or the other of the radio or TV.
• Move the device farther away from the radio or TV.
• Plug the computer into a different outlet so that the receiver and computer are on different branch outlets.
If necessary, you should consult your dealer or an experienced radio/television technician for additional
suggestions. You may find helpful the following booklet prepared by the Federal Communications Commission:
How to Identify and Resolve Radio-Television Interference Problems. This booklet is available from the Super-
intendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. Refer to publication num-
ber 004-000-00345-4.
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
19
3.15
Environmental protection
Seagate designs its products to meet environmental protection requirements worldwide, including regulations
restricting certain chemical substances.
3.15.1
European Union Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive
Seagate designs its products to meet environmental protection requirements worldwide, including regulations
restricting certain chemical substances. A new law, the European Union Restriction of Hazardous Substances
(RoHS) Directive, restricts the presence of chemical substances, including Lead, Cadmium, Mercury,
Hexavalent Chromium, PBB and PBDE, in electronic products, effective July 2006. This drive is manufactured
with components and materials that comply with the RoHS Directive.
中国限制危险物品的指令
China Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive
3.15.2
This product has an Environmental Protection Use Period (EPUP) of 20 years. The following
table contains information mandated by China's "Marking Requirements for Control of Pollution
Caused by Electronic Information Products" Standard.
"O" indicates the hazardous and toxic substance content of the part (at the homogenous material level) is lower
than the threshold defined by the China RoHS MCV Standard.
O"
RoHS MCV
表示该部件（于同类物品程度上）所含的危险和有毒物质低于中国
标准所定义的门槛值。
"X" indicates the hazardous and toxic substance content of the part (at the homogenous material level) is over
the threshold defined by the China RoHS MCV Standard.
X "
RoHS MCV
表示该部件（于同类物品程度上）所含的危险和有毒物质超出中国
标准所定义的门槛值。
3.16
Corrosive environment
Seagate electronic drive components pass accelerated corrosion testing equivalent to 10 years exposure to
light industrial environments containing sulfurous gases, chlorine and nitric oxide, classes G and H per ASTM
B845. However, this accelerated testing cannot duplicate every potential application environment. Users
should use caution exposing any electronic components to uncontrolled chemical pollutants and corrosive
chemicals as electronic drive component reliability can be affected by the installation environment. The silver,
copper, nickel and gold films used in Seagate products are especially sensitive to the presence of sulfide, chlo-
ride, and nitrate contaminants. Sulfur is found to be the most damaging. In addition, electronic components
should never be exposed to condensing water on the surface of the printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) or
exposed to an ambient relative humidity greater than 95%. Materials used in cabinet fabrication, such as vulca-
nized rubber, that can outgas corrosive compounds should be minimized or eliminated. The useful life of any
electronic equipment may be extended by replacing materials near circuitry with sulfide-free alternatives.
20
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
3.17
Reference documents
Self-Encrypting Drives Reference Manual
Seagate part number: 100515636
Trusted Computing Group (TCG) Documents (apply to Self-Encrypting Drive models only)
TCG Storage Architecture Core Specification, Rev. 1.0
TCG Storage Security Subsystem Class Enterprise Specification, Rev. 1.0
In case of conflict between this document and any referenced document, this document takes precedence.
3.18
Product warranty
Beginning on the date of shipment to the customer and continuing for the period specified in your purchase
contract, Seagate warrants that each product (including components and subassemblies) that fails to function
properly under normal use due to defect in materials or workmanship or due to nonconformance to the applica-
ble specifications will be repaired or replaced, at Seagate’s option and at no charge to the customer, if returned
by customer at customer’s expense to Seagate’s designated facility in accordance with Seagate’s warranty
procedure. Seagate will pay for transporting the repair or replacement item to the customer. For more detailed
warranty information, refer to the standard terms and conditions of purchase for Seagate products on your pur-
chase documentation.
The remaining warranty for a particular drive can be determined by calling Seagate Customer Service at 1-
800-468-3472. You can also determine remaining warranty using the Seagate web site (www.seagate.com).
The drive serial number is required to determine remaining warranty information.
Shipping
When transporting or shipping a drive, use only a Seagate-approved container. Keep your original box. Sea-
gate approved containers are easily identified by the Seagate Approved Package label. Shipping a drive in a
non-approved container voids the drive warranty.
Seagate repair centers may refuse receipt of components improperly packaged or obviously damaged in tran-
sit. Contact your authorized Seagate distributor to purchase additional boxes. Seagate recommends shipping
by an air-ride carrier experienced in handling computer equipment.
Storage
The maximum recommended storage period for the drive in a non-operational environment is 90 days. Drives
should be stored in the original unopened Seagate shipping packaging whenever possible. Once the drive is
removed from the Seagate original packaging the recommended maximum period between drive operation
cycles is 30 days. During any storage period the drive non-operational temperature, humidity, wet bulb, atmo-
spheric conditions, shock, vibration, magnetic and electrical field specifications should be followed.
Product repair and return information
Seagate customer service centers are the only facilities authorized to service Seagate drives. Seagate does
not sanction any third-party repair facilities. Any unauthorized repair or tampering with the factory seal voids
the warranty.
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
21
4.0
Configuring and mounting the drive
This section contains the specifications and instructions for configuring and mounting the drive.
4.1
Handling and static-discharge precautions
After unpacking, and before installation, the drive may be exposed to potential handling and electrostatic dis-
charge (ESD) hazards. Observe the following standard handling and static-discharge precautions:
Caution:
• Before handling the drive, put on a grounded wrist strap, or ground yourself frequently by touching the metal
chassis of a computer that is plugged into a grounded outlet. Wear a grounded wrist strap throughout the entire
installation procedure.
• Handle the drive by its edges or frame only.
• The drive is extremely fragile—handle it with care. Do not press down on the drive top cover.
• Always rest the drive on a padded, antistatic surface until you mount it in the computer.
• Do not touch the connector pins or the printed circuit board.
• Do not remove the factory-installed labels from the drive or cover them with additional labels. Removal voids
the warranty. Some factory-installed labels contain information needed to service the drive. Other labels are
used to seal out dirt and contamination.
22
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
4.2
Configuring the drive
Each drive on the Serial ATA interface connects point-to-point with the Serial ATA host adapter. There is no
master/slave relationship because each drive is considered a master in a point-to-point relationship. If two
drives are attached on one Serial ATA host adapter, the host operating system views the two devices as if they
were both “masters” on two separate ports. Both drives behave as if they are Device 0 (master) devices.
4.3
Serial ATA cables and connectors
The Serial ATA interface cable consists of four conductors in two differential pairs, plus three ground connec-
tions. The cable size may be 30 to 26 AWG with a maximum length of one meter (39.37 in). See Table 5 for
connector pin definitions. Either end of the SATA signal cable can be attached to the drive or host.
For direct backplane connection, the drive connectors are inserted directly into the host receptacle. The drive
and the host receptacle incorporate features that enable the direct connection to be hot pluggable and blind
mateable.
For installations which require cables, you can connect the drive as illustrated in Figure 4.
Signal connector
Power connector
Signal cable
Power cable
Figure 4. Attaching SATA cabling
Each cable is keyed to ensure correct orientation. Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA drives support latching SATA
connectors.
4.4
Drive mounting
You can mount the drive in any orientation using four screws in the side-mounting holes or four screws in the bottom-
mounting holes. See Figure 5 for drive mounting dimensions. Follow these important mounting precautions when
mounting the drive:
• Allow a minimum clearance of 0.030 in (0.76mm) around the entire perimeter of the drive for cooling.
• Use only 6-32 UNC mounting screws.
• The screws should be inserted no more than 0.150 in (3.81mm) into the bottom or side mounting holes.
• Do not overtighten the mounting screws (maximum torque: 6 in-lb).
• Do not cover breather hole on top cover.
Breather Hole
Do Not
Cover
• Breather hole location - top cover
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
23
5.0
About FIPS
The Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) Publication 140-2, FIPS PUB 140-2, is a U.S. govern-
ment computer security standard used to accredit cryptographic modules. It is titled “Security Requirements for
Cryptographic Modules”. The initial publication was on May 25, 2001 and was last updated December 3, 2002.
Purpose
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) issued the FIPS 140 Publication Series to coordi-
nate the requirements and standards for cryptography modules that include both hardware and software com-
ponents.
Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 140-2 Level 2 Certification requires drives to go through gov-
ernment agencies certifications to add requirements for physical tamper-evidence and role-based authentica-
tion.
Level 2 security
Level 2 improves upon the physical security mechanisms of a Level 1 (lowest level of security) cryptographic
module by requiring features that show evidence of tampering, including tamper-evident coatings or seals that
must be broken to attain physical access to the plaintext cryptographic keys and critical security parameters
(CSPs) within the module, or pick-resistant locks on covers or doors to protect against unauthorized physical
access.
Figure 6. Example of FIPS tamper evidence labels.
Note. Does not represent actual drive.
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
25
6.0
About self-encrypting drives
Self-encrypting drives (SEDs) offer encryption and security services for the protection of stored data, com-
monly known as “protection of data at rest.” These drives are compliant with the Trusted Computing Group
The Trusted Computing Group (TCG) is an organization sponsored and operated by companies in the com-
puter, storage and digital communications industry. Seagate’s SED models comply with the standards pub-
lished by the TCG.
To use the security features in the drive, the host must be capable of constructing and issuing the following two
commands:
• Security Protocol Out
• Security Protocol In
These commands are used to convey the TCG protocol to and from the drive in their command payloads.
6.1
Data encryption
Encrypting drives use one inline encryption engine for each port, employing AES-128 data encryption in Cipher
Block Chaining (CBC) mode to encrypt all data prior to being written on the media and to decrypt all data as it
is read from the media. The encryption engines are always in operation, cannot be disabled, and do not detract
in any way from the performance of the drive.
The 32-byte Data Encryption Key (DEK) is a random number which is generated by the drive, never leaves the
drive, and is inaccessible to the host system. The DEK is itself encrypted when it is stored on the media and
when it is in volatile temporary storage (DRAM) external to the encryption engine. A unique data encryption
6.2
Controlled access
The drive has two security partitions (SPs) called the "Admin SP" and the "Locking SP." These act as gate-
keepers to the drive security services. Security-related commands will not be accepted unless they also supply
the correct credentials to prove the requester is authorized to perform the command.
6.2.1
Admin SP
The Admin SP allows the drive's owner to enable or disable firmware download operations (see Section 6.4).
Access to the Admin SP is available using the SID (Secure ID) password or the MSID (Makers Secure ID)
password.
26
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
6.2.2
Locking SP
The Locking SP controls read/write access to the media and the cryptographic erase feature. Access to the
Locking SP is available using the BandMasterX or EraseMaster passwords. Since the drive owner can define
up to 16 data bands on the drive, each data band has its own password called BandMasterX where X is the
number of the data band (0 through 15).
6.2.3
Default password
When the drive is shipped from the factory, all passwords are set to the value of MSID. This 32-byte random
value is printed on the drive label and it can be read by the host electronically over the I/O. After receipt of the
drive, it is the responsibility of the owner to use the default MSID password as the authority to change all other
passwords to unique owner-specified values.
6.3
Random number generator (RNG)
The drive has a 32-byte hardware RNG that it is uses to derive encryption keys or, if requested to do so, to pro-
vide random numbers to the host for system use, including using these numbers as Authentication Keys (pass-
words) for the drive’s Admin and Locking SPs.
6.4
Drive locking
In addition to changing the passwords, as described in Section 6.2.3, the owner should also set the data
access controls for the individual bands.
The variable "LockOnReset" should be set to "PowerCycle" to ensure that the data bands will be locked if
power is lost. This scenario occurs if the drive is removed from its cabinet. The drive will not honor any data
read or write requests until the bands have been unlocked. This prevents the user data from being accessed
without the appropriate credentials when the drive has been removed from its cabinet and installed in another
system.
When the drive is shipped from the factory, the firmware download port is unlocked.
6.5
Data bands
When shipped from the factory, the drive is configured with a single data band called Band 0 (also known as
the Global Data Band) which comprises LBA 0 through LBA max. The host may allocate Band1 by specifying a
start LBA and an LBA range. The real estate for this band is taken from the Global Band. An additional 14 Data
Bands may be defined in a similar way (Band2 through Band15) but before these bands can be allocated LBA
space, they must first be individually enabled using the EraseMaster password.
Data bands cannot overlap but they can be sequential with one band ending at LBA (x) and the next beginning
at LBA (x+1).
Each data band has its own drive-generated encryption key and its own user-supplied password. The host may
change the Encryption Key (see Section 6.6) or the password when required. The bands should be aligned to
4K LBA boundaries.
6.6
Cryptographic erase
A significant feature of SEDs is the ability to perform a cryptographic erase. This involves the host telling the
drive to change the data encryption key for a particular band. Once changed, the data is no longer recoverable
since it was written with one key and will be read using a different key. Since the drive overwrites the old key
with the new one, and keeps no history of key changes, the user data can never be recovered. This is tanta-
mount to an instantaneous data erase and is very useful if the drive is to be scrapped or redispositioned.
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
27
6.7
Authenticated firmware download
In addition to providing a locking mechanism to prevent unwanted firmware download attempts, the drive also
only accepts download files which have been cryptographically signed by the appropriate Seagate Design
Center.
Three conditions must be met before the drive will allow the download operation:
1. The download must be an SED file. A standard (base) drive (non-SED) file will be rejected.
2. The download file must be signed and authenticated.
3. As with a non-SED drive, the download file must pass the acceptance criteria for the drive. For example it
must be applicable to the correct drive model, and have compatible revision and customer status.
6.8
Power requirements
The standard drive models and the SED drive models have identical hardware, however the security and
encryption portion of the drive controller ASIC is enabled and functional in the SED models. This represents a
small additional drain on the 5V supply of about 30mA and a commensurate increase of about 150mW in
power consumption. There is no additional drain on the 12V supply. See the tables in Section 3.8 for power
requirements on the standard (non-SED) drive models.
6.9
Supported commands
The SED models support the following two commands in addition to the commands supported by the standard
• Security Protocol Out (B5h)
• Security Protocol In (A2h)
6.10
RevertSP
The SED models will support RevertSP feature where it erases all data in all bands on the device and returns
the contents of all SPs (Security Providers) on the device to their Original Factory State.
6.11
ATA Security Erase Unit Command on SED SATA drives
The ATA SECURITY ERASE UNIT command shall support both the Normal and Enhanced erase modes with
the following modifications/additions:
• Normal Erase: Normal erase shall be accomplished by changing the media encryption key for the drive fol-
lowed by an overwrite operation that repeatedly writes a single sector containing random data to the entire
drive. The write operation shall bypass the media encryption. On reading back the overwritten sectors, the
host will receive a decrypted version, using the new encryption key, of the random data sector (the returned
data will not match what was written).
Enhanced Erase: Enhanced erase shall be accomplished by changing the media encryption key for the drive.
6.12
Sanitize Feature Set on SED Drives
The drive shall support the Sanitize Feature Set as defined in ANSI/INCITS ACS-2 with the exceptions and/or
modifications described in this section.
The drive shall not support the OVERWRITE EXT and BLOCK ERASE EXT sub-commands.
Support of the SANITIZE FREEZE LOCK EXT command shall be determined on a customer-specific basis.
OEM drives shall support the command.
28
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
7.0
Serial ATA (SATA) interface
These drives use the industry-standard Serial ATA interface that supports FIS data transfers. It supports ATA
programmed input/output (PIO) modes 0–4; multiword DMA modes 0–2, and Ultra DMA modes 0–6.
For detailed information about the Serial ATA interface, refer to the “Serial ATA: High Speed Serialized AT
Attachment” specification.
7.1
Hot-Plug compatibility
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA drives incorporate connectors which enable you to hot plug these drives in
accordance with the Serial ATA Revision 2.6 specification. This specification can be downloaded from
Caution:
prior to changing the plane of operation. This time is required to insure data integrity.
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
29
7.2
Serial ATA device plug connector pin definitions
Table 5 summarizes the signals on the Serial ATA interface and power connectors.
Table 5: Serial ATA connector pin definitions
Segment Pin
Function
Ground
A+
Definition
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
S6
2nd mate
Differential signal pair A from Phy
A-
Ground
B-
2nd mate
Differential signal pair B from Phy
B+
Signal
S7
Ground
2nd mate
Key and spacing separate signal and power segments
P1
V33
3.3V power
P2
V33
3.3V power
P3
V33
3.3V power, pre-charge, 2nd mate
1st mate
P4
Ground
Ground
Ground
V5
P5
2nd mate
P6
2nd mate
P7
5V power, pre-charge, 2nd mate
5V power
P8
V5
Power
P9
V5
5V power
P10
P11
P12
P13
P14
P15
Ground
2nd mate
Ground or LED signal If grounded, drive does not use deferred spin
Ground
V12
1st mate.
12V power, pre-charge, 2nd mate
12V power
V12
V12
12V power
Notes:
1. All pins are in a single row, with a 1.27mm (0.050”) pitch.
2. The comments on the mating sequence apply to the case of backplane blindmate connector only. In this
case, the mating sequences are:
• the ground pins P4 and P12.
• the pre-charge power pins and the other ground pins.
• the signal pins and the rest of the power pins.
3. There are three power pins for each voltage. One pin from each voltage is used for pre-charge when
installed in a blind-mate backplane configuration.
4. All used voltage pins (Vx) must be terminated.
30
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
7.3
Supported ATA commands
The following table lists Serial ATA standard commands that the drive supports. For a detailed description of
Table 6:
Supported ATA commands
Command name
Command code (in hex)
E5
Check Power Mode
H
Device Configuration Freeze Lock
Device Configuration Identify
Device Configuration Restore
Device Configuration Set
Device Reset
B1 / C1
H
H
H
H
H
B1 / C2
H
B1 / C0
H
B1 / C3
H
08
92
90
H
H
H
Download Microcode
Execute Device Diagnostics
Flush Cache
E7
H
Flush Cache Extended
Format Track
EA
H
50
H
Identify Device
EC
H
Idle
E3
E1
H
Idle Immediate
H
H
Initialize Device Parameters
Read Buffer
91
E4
H
Read DMA
C8
H
Read DMA Extended
Read DMA Without Retries
Read Log Ext
25
H
C9
H
H
2F
Read Multiple
C4
H
Read Multiple Extended
Read Native Max Address
Read Native Max Address Extended
Read Sectors
29
H
F8
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
27
20
24
21
40
42
41
10
Read Sectors Extended
Read Sectors Without Retries
Read Verify Sectors
Read Verify Sectors Extended
Read Verify Sectors Without Retries
Recalibrate
Sanitize Device - Status Ext
Sanitize Device - Crypto Scramble Ext
Sanitize Device - Freeze Lock Ext
Security Disable Password
B4 / 0000
H
H
B4 / 0011
H
H
B4 / 0020
H
H
F6
H
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
31
Command name
Security Erase Prepare
Security Erase Unit
Security Freeze
Security Set Password
Security Unlock
Seek
Command code (in hex)
F3
F4
F5
F1
F2
H
H
H
H
H
H
70
Set Features
EF
H
H
Set Max Address
F9
Note: Individual Set Max Address
commands are identified by the value
placed in the Set Max Features regis-
ter as defined to the right.
Address:
Password:
Lock:
00
01
02
03
04
H
H
H
H
H
Unlock:
Freeze Lock:
Set Max Address Extended
Set Multiple Mode
37
H
C6
H
Sleep
E6
H
S.M.A.R.T. Disable Operations
S.M.A.R.T. Enable/Disable Autosave
S.M.A.R.T. Enable Operations
S.M.A.R.T. Execute Offline
S.M.A.R.T. Read Attribute Thresholds
S.M.A.R.T. Read Data
S.M.A.R.T. Read Log Sector
S.M.A.R.T. Return Status
S.M.A.R.T. Save Attribute Values
S.M.A.R.T. Write Log Sector
Standby
B0 / D9
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
B0 / D2
H
B0 / D8
H
B0 / D4
H
B0 / D1
H
B0 / D0
H
B0 / D5
H
B0 / DA
H
H
H
H
B0 / D3
H
B0 / D6
H
E2
E0
E8
H
H
H
Standby Immediate
Write Buffer
Write DMA
CA
H
Write DMA Extended
Write DMA FUA Extended
Write DMA Without Retries
Write Log Extended
35
H
3D
CB
H
H
3F
H
Write Multiple
C5
39
H
Write Multiple Extended
Write Multiple FUA Extended
Write Sectors
H
CE
H
30
31
34
45
H
Write Sectors Without Retries
Write Sectors Extended
Write Uncorrectable
H
H
H
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Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
7.3.1
Identify Device command
The Identify Device command (command code EC ) transfers information about the drive to the host following
H
power up. The data is organized as a single 512-byte block of data, whose contents are shown in Table 6 on
page 31. All reserved bits or words should be set to zero. Parameters listed with an “x” are drive-specific or
The following commands contain drive-specific features that may not be included in the Serial ATA
specification.
Word
Description
Value
Configuration information:
• Bit 15: 0 = ATA; 1 = ATAPI
• Bit 7: removable media
• Bit 6: removable controller
• Bit 0: reserved
0
0C5A
H
1
Number of logical cylinders
16,383
2
ATA-reserved
0000
16
H
3
Number of logical heads
4
Retired
0000
0000
H
H
5
Retired
6
Number of logical sectors per logical track: 63
Retired
003F
H
H
7–9
10–19
20
21
22
0000
Serial number: (20 ASCII characters, 0000 = none)
ASCII
H
Retired
Retired
Obsolete
0000
0400
0000
H
H
H
Firmware revision
23–26
27–46
47
x.xx
(8 ASCII character string, padded with blanks to end of string)
Drive model number:
(40 ASCII characters, padded with blanks to end of string)
(Bits 7–0) Maximum sectors per interrupt on Read multiple and Write
multiple (16)
8010
0000
H
H
48
Reserved
49
Standard Standby timer, IORDY supported and may be disabled
ATA-reserved
2F00
H
H
H
H
H
50
0000
0200
0200
0007
51
PIO data-transfer cycle timing mode
Retired
52
53
Words 54–58, 64–70 and 88 are valid
Number of current logical cylinders
Number of current logical heads
Number of current logical sectors per logical track
Current capacity in sectors
54
xxxx
xxxx
xxxx
xxxx
H
55
H
H
H
56
57–58
Number of sectors transferred during a Read Multiple
or Write Multiple command
59
xxxx
H
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
33
Word
Description
Value
Total number of user-addressable LBA sectors available
(see Section 3.2 for related information)
*Note: The maximum value allowed in this field is: 0FFFFFFFh
(268,435,455 sectors, 137GB). Drives with capacities over 137GB will
have 0FFFFFFFh in this field and the actual number of user-address-
able LBAs specified in words 100-103. This is required for drives that
support the 48-bit addressing feature.
60–61
0FFFFFFFh*
62
63
Retired
0000
H
Multiword DMA active and modes supported
(see note following this table)
xx07
H
64
65
Advanced PIO modes supported (modes 3 and 4 supported)
Minimum multiword DMA transfer cycle time per word (120 ns)
0003
0078
H
H
Recommended multiword DMA transfer cycle time per word
(120 ns)
66
0078
H
67
Minimum PIO cycle time without IORDY flow control (240 ns)
Minimum PIO cycle time with IORDY flow control (120 ns)
ATA-reserved
00F0
H
H
H
68
0078
0000
69–74
75
Queue depth
001F
H
76
Serial ATA capabilities
xxxx
xxxx
xxxx
xxxx
H
77
Reserved for future Serial ATA definition
Serial ATA features supported
Serial ATA features enabled
Major version number
H
H
H
78
79
80
003E
H
81
Minor version number
0028
H
82
Command sets supported
364B
H
83
Command sets supported
7C03
H
4003 See Word 108-111 note.
(4003H = 0100000000000011
binary)
H
Command sets support extension
(see note following this table)
84
85
Command sets enabled
30xx
H
86
Command sets enabled
0001
4000
H
H
H
87
Command sets enable extension
Ultra DMA support and current mode (see note following this table)
Security erase time
88
xx3F
89
0000
0000
H
H
90
Enhanced security erase time
Master password revision code
Hardware reset value
92
FFFE
H
93
xxxx
H
95–99
ATA-reserved
0000
H
Total number of user-addressable LBA sectors available (see Section
3.2 for related information). These words are required for drives that
support the 48-bit addressing feature. Maximum value:
0000FFFFFFFFFFFFh.
ST33000650NS = 5,860,533,168
ST33000651NS = 5,860,533,168
ST33000652NS = 5,860,533,168
100–103
104–107
ATA-reserved
0000
H
34
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
Word
Description
Value
108–111
The mandatory value of the world wide name (WWN) for the drive.
NOTE: This field is valid if word 84, bit 8 is set to 1 indicating 64-bit
WWN support.
Each drive will have a unique
value.
112–127
128
ATA-reserved
Security status
Seagate-reserved
ATA-reserved
Integrity word
0000
0001
H
H
129–159
160–254
255
xxxx
H
0000
xxA5
H
H
Note. See the bit descriptions below for words 63, 84, and 88 of the Identify Drive data.
Description (if bit is set to 1)
Bit
0
Word 63
Multiword DMA mode 0 is supported.
Multiword DMA mode 1 is supported.
Multiword DMA mode 2 is supported.
Multiword DMA mode 0 is currently active.
Multiword DMA mode 1 is currently active.
Multiword DMA mode 2 is currently active.
Word 84
1
2
8
9
10
Bit
0
SMART error logging is supported.
SMART self-test is supported.
1
2
Media serial number is supported.
Media Card Pass Through Command feature set is supported.
Streaming feature set is supported.
GPL feature set is supported.
3
4
5
6
WRITE DMA FUA EXT and WRITE MULTIPLE FUA EXT commands are supported.
7
WRITE DMA QUEUED FUA EXT command is supported.
64-bit World Wide Name is supported.
Obsolete.
8
9-10
11-12
13
14
15
Reserved for TLC.
IDLE IMMEDIATE command with IUNLOAD feature is supported.
Shall be set to 1.
Shall be cleared to 0.
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
35
Bit
0
Word 88
Ultra DMA mode 0 is supported.
Ultra DMA mode 1 is supported.
Ultra DMA mode 2 is supported.
Ultra DMA mode 3 is supported.
Ultra DMA mode 4 is supported.
Ultra DMA mode 5 is supported.
Ultra DMA mode 6 is supported.
Ultra DMA mode 0 is currently active.
Ultra DMA mode 1 is currently active.
Ultra DMA mode 2 is currently active.
Ultra DMA mode 3 is currently active.
Ultra DMA mode 4 is currently active.
Ultra DMA mode 5 is currently active.
Ultra DMA mode 6 is currently active.
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
36
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
7.3.2
Set Features command
This command controls the implementation of various features that the drive supports. When the drive receives
this command, it sets BSY, checks the contents of the Features register, clears BSY and generates an inter-
rupt. If the value in the register does not represent a feature that the drive supports, the command is aborted.
Power-on default has the read look-ahead and write caching features enabled. The acceptable values for the
Features register are defined as follows:
Table 7:
Set Features command values
02
03
Enable write cache (default).
H
H
Set transfer mode (based on value in Sector Count register).
Sector Count register values:
00 Set PIO mode to default (PIO mode 2).
H
01 Set PIO mode to default and disable IORDY (PIO mode 2).
H
08 PIO mode 0
H
09 PIO mode 1
H
0A PIO mode 2
H
0B PIO mode 3
H
0C PIO mode 4 (default)
H
20 Multiword DMA mode 0
H
21 Multiword DMA mode 1
H
22 Multiword DMA mode 2
H
40 Ultra DMA mode 0
H
41 Ultra DMA mode 1
H
42 Ultra DMA mode 2
H
43 Ultra DMA mode 3
H
44 Ultra DMA mode 4
H
45 Ultra DMA mode 5
H
46 Ultra DMA mode 6
H
10
55
82
90
Enable use of SATA features
H
H
H
H
Disable read look-ahead (read cache) feature.
Disable write cache
Disable use of SATA features
AA
Enable read look-ahead (read cache) feature (default).
Report full capacity available
H
F1
H
Note. At power-on, or after a hardware or software reset, the default values of the features are as indi-
cated above.
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
37
7.3.3
S.M.A.R.T. commands
S.M.A.R.T. provides near-term failure prediction for disc drives. When S.M.A.R.T. is enabled, the drive moni-
tors predetermined drive attributes that are susceptible to degradation over time. If self-monitoring determines
that a failure is likely, S.M.A.R.T. makes a status report available to the host. Not all failures are predictable.
S.M.A.R.T. predictability is limited to the attributes the drive can monitor. For more information on S.M.A.R.T.
commands and implementation, see the Draft ATA-5 Standard.
SeaTools diagnostic software activates a built-in drive self-test (DST S.M.A.R.T. command for D4 ) that elimi-
H
nates unnecessary drive returns. The diagnostic software ships with all new drives and is also available at:
This drive is shipped with S.M.A.R.T. features disabled. You must have a recent BIOS or software package that
supports S.M.A.R.T. to enable this feature. The table below shows the S.M.A.R.T. command codes that the
drive uses.
Table 8:
S.M.A.R.T. commands
Code in features register
S.M.A.R.T. command
D0
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D8
D9
S.M.A.R.T. Read Data
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
S.M.A.R.T. Enable/Disable Attribute Autosave
S.M.A.R.T. Save Attribute Values
S.M.A.R.T. Execute Off-line Immediate (runs DST)
S.M.A.R.T. Read Log Sector
S.M.A.R.T. Write Log Sector
S.M.A.R.T. Enable Operations
S.M.A.R.T. Disable Operations
S.M.A.R.T. Return Status
DA
H
Note. If an appropriate code is not written to the Features Register, the command is aborted and 0x04
(abort) is written to the Error register.
38
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
Index
A
ACA 19
acoustics 17
Active 12
decrypt 26
DEK 26
density 6
dimensions 24
altitude 16
ambient 15
E
Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (2004/108/
EC) 18
B
BandMasterX 27
BPI 6
EN60950 18
enclosures 19
environmental
buffer 7
C
cache 7
capacity 6
CBC 26
certification 18
limits 15
compatibility 18
EraseMaster 27
errors 18
ESD 22
connectors 23
EU 18
CSA60950-1 18
F
features 2
Cylinders 6
FIPS 25
D
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
39
mounting 23
G
geometry 6
gradient 15
N
NIST 25
noise 11
non-operating
H
heads 6
humidity 16
temperature 15
I
O
P
passwords 27
PDT 17
interference 19
is 7
ITE 18
PowerCycle 27
precautions 22
K
KCC 19
L
latency 7
LockOnReset 27
Q
R
M
maintenance 18
master/slave 3
40
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
Seek 32
Recalibrate 31
reference
Shock 16
SID 26
documents 21
Reliability 18
sound 17
RF 17
RNG 27
RoHS 20
RRL 19
S
static-discharge 22
subassembly 19
T
TCG 26
limits 15
SATA 29
non-operating 15
timer 12
screws 16
timers 12
sectors 6
Track-to-track 7
Constellation ES.2 Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. D
41
Seagate Technology LLC
920 Disc Drive, Scotts Valley, California 95066-4544, USA
Publication Number: 100633157, Rev. D
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