Yamaha Stereo Amplifier C 160 User Manual

POWER AMPLIFIER  
Owner’s Manual  
Mode d’emploi  
Bedienungsanleitung  
Manual de instrucciónes  
CLIP  
A
B
SIGNAL  
TEMP  
PROTECTION  
POWER  
ON  
OFF  
M
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Precautions  
1. Avoid excessive heat, humidity, dust and vibration.  
Keep the unit away from locations where it is likely to be  
exposed to high temperatures or humidity — such as  
near radiators, stoves, etc. Also avoid locations which  
are subject to excessive dust accumulation or vibration  
which could cause mechanical damage.  
5. Make sure power is off before making or removing  
connections.  
Always turn the power OFF prior to connecting or  
disconnecting cables. This is important to prevent dam-  
age to the unit itself as well as other connected equip-  
ment.  
2. Ventilation  
6. Handle cables carefully.  
Allow a distance of 10 cm between the unit and the wall  
so that heat generated from the unit will be released  
effectively. Also, allow enough space between the unit  
and other devices. If you mount the unit in an audio rack,  
keep a space of 10 cm on the top panel, and a space of  
1 cm to the side panel. Remove the rear panel of the rack  
or open a vent hole. If heat release is inadequate, the unit  
will retain heat inside the unit, which may cause a fire.  
AlwaysplugandunplugcablesincludingtheACcord  
— by gripping the connector, not the cord.  
7. Clean with a soft dry cloth.  
Never use solvents such as benzine or thinner to clean  
the unit. Wipe clean with a soft, dry cloth.  
8. Always use the correct power supply.  
Makesurethatthepowersupplyvoltagespecifiedonthe  
rear panel matches your local AC mains supply. Also  
make sure that the AC mains supply can deliver more  
thanenoughcurrenttohandleallequipmentusedinyour  
system.  
3. Avoid physical shocks.  
Strong physical shocks to the unit can cause damage.  
Handle it with care.  
4. Do not open the case or attempt repairs or modifica-  
tions yourself.  
This product contains no user-serviceable parts. Refer  
all maintenance to qualified Yamaha service personnel.  
Opening the case and/or tampering with the internal  
circuitry will void the warranty.  
Contents  
Controls and Functions ............................................................. 2  
Front Panel........................................................................... 2  
Rear Panel ........................................................................... 3  
Modes: STEREO/PARALLEL/BRIDGE................................ 4  
SPEAKER IMPEDANCE...................................................... 4  
Caution for Speaker Connection ............................................... 5  
Rack Mounting .......................................................................... 6  
Mounting in an EIA standard rack ....................................... 6  
Mounting four or fewer amps in an open-backed rack......... 6  
Mounting five or more amps, or when (even with four or  
fewer units) the back of the rack cannot be left open .......... 6  
Portable Rack Mounting ...................................................... 7  
Positioning the Housed Amplifier......................................... 7  
Specifications ............................................................................ 8  
General Specifications......................................................... 8  
Block Diagram...................................................................... 9  
Dimensions .......................................................................... 9  
Performance Graphs.......................................................... 10  
Troubleshooting ...................................................................... 10  
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Controls and Functions  
Front Panel  
2
3
4
CLIP  
A
B
SIGNAL  
TEMP  
PROTECTION  
POWER  
ON  
OFF  
1
5
1 POWER switch and indicator  
4 CLIP indicators  
This is the main POWER switch. Press to power ON  
the amplifier. Press again to power OFF. The POWER  
indicator lights up when the amplifier is powered ON.  
These red LED indicators light up when the respective  
channel’s output signal distortion exceeds 1% (i.e.  
clipping). Output signal clipping is usually due to  
excessive input signal levels.  
2 TEMP indicator  
When the temperature of the heat sink exceeds 85  
degrees Celsius, this indicator will light red.  
5 SIGNAL indicators  
These green LED indicators light up when the  
respective channel’s output signal exceeds 2 Vrms.  
This is equivalent to 1/2 watt into 8, 1 W into 4.  
3 PROTECTION indicator  
This red LED indicator lights up for approximately 3  
seconds when the amplifier is powered ON, indicating  
that the soft-start protection system is working. No  
sound is output during soft-start up. If one of the  
protection systems is activated during normal use, this  
indicator lights up and no sound is output. The  
speaker system is actually disconnected from the  
amplifier outputs when this indicator lights up. The  
protection systems are activated when overheating  
occurs or a DC voltage is present at the amplifier  
outputs. If the problem is corrected, the protection  
systems deactivate automatically, this indicator goes  
out, and normal amplifier operation is resumed.  
2
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Rear Panel  
2
3
4
5
INPUT  
SPEAKERS  
(BRIDGE)  
(PARALLEL)  
CHANNEL B  
CHANNEL A  
CHANNEL B  
CHANNEL A  
BRIDGE  
STEREO  
G
G
BRIDGE  
15  
15  
20  
20  
STEREO  
PARALLEL  
10  
10  
25  
30  
40  
25  
30  
40  
6
3
6
3
0
0
–dB  
–dB  
CHANNEL B  
CHANNEL A  
1
1 Volume controls  
4 SPEAKERS terminals  
These volume controls allow you to adjust the volume  
level in 31 steps in the range between –dB and  
0 dB.  
For polarity in each mode, refer to the following  
diagram.  
• STEREO, PARALLEL mode  
2 INPUTS (CHANNEL A, B)  
SPEAKERS  
Two types of balanced inputs for channels A and B  
are provided.  
Channel A input is used in Bridge and Parallel mode.  
CHANNEL B  
CHANNEL A  
BRIDGE  
STEREO  
XLR-3-31 type connectors  
Pin 1–ground, pin 2–hot (  
+
), and pin 3 cold (-).  
Hot  
2
Ground  
Cold  
• BRIDGE mode  
1
3
SPEAKERS  
CHANNEL B  
CHANNEL A  
BRIDGE  
STEREO  
Barrier strip  
Hot (+), Cold (-) and Ground (G).  
3 STEREO/BRIDGE/PARALLEL switch  
This slide switch is used to set the amplifier operating  
mode: STEREO, BRIDGE or PARALLEL.  
For details on the functionality of each mode, refer to  
“Modes” on page 4.  
In BRIDGE mode, the (-) terminals of CHANNELS  
A and B are not used.  
The minimum impedance for the connected speaker  
system is specified in “Speaker Impedance” on  
page 4.  
5 GND terminals  
This is the grounding screw terminal. If hum or noise  
occurs, ground (earth) the unit via this jack, or try  
connecting it to the chassis of the mixer or preamp,  
etc.  
3
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Modes: STEREO/PARALLEL/BRIDGE  
STEREO mode  
BRIDGE mode  
In this mode, channels A and B operate independently  
(as a conventional stereo amp).  
In this mode, the CHANNEL A input signal will be  
output from the BRIDGE output terminals. In this  
The CHANNEL A input signal will be output from  
the CHANNEL A output terminals, and the CHAN-  
NEL B input signal will be output from the CHAN-  
NEL B output terminals.  
case, use the front panel (channel)  
to adjust the volume.  
volume control  
A
PARALLEL mode  
In this mode, the CHANNEL A input signal will be  
output from the output terminals of both channels A  
and B. The CHANNEL B input terminals is not used.  
B
A
The (channel)  
independently.  
and  
volumes can be adjusted  
SPEAKER IMPEDANCE  
In STEREO and PARALLEL modes, the minimum  
load (=speaker) impedance is 4. In BRIDGE mode it  
is 8.  
Make sure that the impedance does not fall below this  
specified impedance.  
STEREO mode connections  
BRIDGE mode connections  
SPEAKERS  
SPEAKERS  
CHANNEL B  
CHANNEL A  
BRIDGE  
CHANNEL B  
CHANNEL A  
BRIDGE  
STEREO  
STEREO  
BRIDGE  
BRIDGE  
Set to STEREO  
Set to BRIDGE  
STEREO  
PARALLEL  
MAX. OUTPUT 450W/4(STEREO)  
MAX. OUTPUT 900W/8(BRIDGE)  
STEREO  
PARALLEL  
MAX. OUTPUT 450W/4(STEREO)  
MAX. OUTPUT 900W/8(BRIDGE)  
+
+
+
4min.  
Speaker System  
4min.  
8min.  
Speaker System  
PARALLEL mode connections  
SPEAKERS  
CHANNEL B  
CHANNEL A  
BRIDGE  
STEREO  
BRIDGE  
Set to PARALLEL  
STEREO  
PARALLEL  
MAX. OUTPUT 450W/4(STEREO)  
MAX. OUTPUT 900W/8(BRIDGE)  
+
+
4min.  
4min.  
Speaker System  
4
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Caution for Speaker Connection  
1. Turn off the POWER switch.  
• Speaker fuse  
The output capacity of your amplifier is very high:  
460 W+460 W (8) in stereo and 1240 W (8) in  
monaural on the C450; 340 W+340 W (8) in stereo  
and 880 W (8) in monaural on the C320; 160  
W+160 W (8) in stereo and 400 W (8) in monau-  
ral on the C160. Be sure to use a speaker system that  
has sufficient input capacity.  
2. Remove the cover attachment screw(s) and remove  
the protective cover from the speaker terminals.  
If the input capacity of your speaker system is lower  
than the rated output of the power amplifier, you can  
protect your speakers by connecting a fuse serially  
between the speaker and amplifier as shown below.  
Screw  
3. After removing approx. 15 mm of insulation from the  
ends of the speaker cables, bind the bare ends of the  
speaker wires in the corresponding speaker terminals  
and tighten the terminals to securely clamp the wires.  
Refer to page 3 for speaker porality.  
Speaker system  
Power amplifier  
_
+
_
+
Fuse  
Use the following formula to determine the fuse  
capacity according to the speaker’s input capacity.  
Po = I2R I = Po/R  
* Shown actual size.  
P0 [W] : Speaker’s continuous input capacity (noise  
or RMS)  
At this time make sure that the bare ends of the  
speaker cables do not extend from the terminals in  
such a way that they touch the chassis.  
R [] : Speaker’s nominal impedance  
I [A] : Required fuse capacity  
ex.) Speaker’s continuous input capacity : 100 W  
Speaker’s impedance : 8Ω  
I = 100/8  
In this example, the required fuse capacity is calcu-  
lated as 3.5 [A].  
• Speaker cable  
If you use a long speaker cable, use as thick a cable as  
possible to prevent deterioration of the damping factor  
or power loss inside the cable.  
Wire should not  
touch the chassis.  
4. Reattach the protective cover over the speaker  
terminals.  
5
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Rack Mounting  
Mounting in an EIA standard rack  
If multiple high-power amp units are mounted in a rack with poor ventilation, the heat from the amps will cause the  
interior of the amp to become very hot, causing the performance of the amps to be impaired. When mounting amps in  
a rack, you must make provision for ventilation so that the heat can escape.  
When mounting amps in a rack, please attach ventilation panels above and below the amp to allow air circulation.  
When doing so, it is necessary for 35% or more of the entire surface area of a 1U size panel to be open.  
Air circulation will be even better if the top surface of the rack has ventilation openings.  
Ventilation panel  
Yamaha provides an optional 1U-size ventilation panel VP1.  
480  
Unit: mm  
Mounting four or fewer amps in  
Mounting five or more amps, or  
when (even with four or fewer  
units) the back of the rack cannot  
be left open  
an open-backed rack  
Install the ventilation panel above the amps, as shown  
in the following figure.  
Install ventilation panels above and below each amp,  
as shown in the following figure.  
Ventilation panel  
(attach to the front  
or rear of the rack)  
6
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Portable Rack Mounting  
The amplifier intakes cool air through the front panel and exhausts warm air out the rear panel. When mounting  
amplifiers in a portable rack, make sure the rear panel is completely open for ventilation.  
(Side View)  
(Rear View)  
Completely open  
Front  
INPUT  
CHANNEL  
SPEAKERS  
CHANNEL  
(BRIDGE)  
(PARALLEL)  
CHANNEL  
B
A
STEREO  
BRIDGE  
CHANNEL  
B
A
G
G
BRIDGE  
Air intake  
Air exhaust  
20  
15  
20  
15  
STEREO  
PARALLEL  
10  
10  
25  
30  
40  
25  
30  
40  
6
3
6
3
0
0
–dB  
CHANNEL  
–dB  
CHANNEL  
B
A
Positioning the Housed Amplifier  
Place the case so that the ventilation airflow paths are not blocked.  
Front  
Less than 10 cm  
Front  
NO  
NO  
7
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Specifications  
General Specifications  
C450  
C320  
C160  
Power Output Level (Rated Power)  
20 Hz~20 kHz  
0.05%  
8/STEREO  
4/STEREO  
8/BRIDGE  
460 W + 460 W  
620 W + 620 W  
1240 W  
340 W + 340 W  
440 W + 440 W  
880 W  
160 W + 160 W  
200 W + 200 W  
400 W  
1 kHz  
0.05%  
8/STEREO  
4/STEREO  
8/BRIDGE  
520 W + 520 W  
720 W + 720 W  
1440 W  
370 W + 370 W  
520 W + 520 W  
1040 W  
175 W + 175 W  
230 W + 230 W  
460 W  
1 kHz, 20 ms, no clip  
2/STEREO  
1300 W + 1300 W 950 W + 950 W  
10 Hz~40 kHz  
350 W + 350 W  
Power Bandwidth  
Half Power, 0.1%  
Total Harmonic Distortion (THD + N)  
20 Hz~20 kHz, Half Power  
4~8/STEREO  
8/BRIDGE  
0.05%  
Frequency Response  
10 Hz~50 kHz, +0, –1 dB  
0.05%  
Intermodulation distortion (IMD)  
7 kHz: 60 Hz, 1: 4, Half Power  
4~8/STEREO  
8/BRIDGE  
Damping factor  
1 kHz, 8Ω  
200  
Input Impedance  
30 k/Balance, 15 k/Unbalanced  
Residual Noise Vol. min.  
12.7 kHz LPF  
IHF-A network  
–75 dB  
SN Ratio Input 600shunt  
12.7 kHz LPF  
IHF-A network  
105 dB  
104 dB  
101 dB  
+1.2 dB  
Channel Separation  
Half Power, 8, Vol. max.  
input 600shunt  
65 dB, 20 Hz~20 kHz  
75 dB, 1 kHz  
Slew Rate  
8full swing  
STEREO  
BRIDGE  
>30 V/µ sec  
>50 V/µ sec  
Sensitivity (Vol. max.) Rated Power into 8Ω  
+5.7 dB  
32.1 dB  
+4.2 dB  
Voltage Gain (Vol. max.)  
Controls  
Front Panel  
Rear Panel  
POWER switch (Push on/Push off)  
Volume (31 position dB calibrated)  
Mode switch (STEREO/BRIDGE/PARALLEL)  
Connectors  
Indicators  
Input  
Barrier strip terminal  
XLR-3-31 type  
Barrier strip terminal  
Output  
POWER  
TEMP  
(heatsink temp 85°C)  
PROTECTION (mute)  
CLIP  
OUTPUT SIGNAL  
× 2  
× 2  
Protection Circuits  
POWER switch ON/OFF, Muting, DC detection  
TEMP (heatsink temp 95°C)  
PC limiter  
RL 1Ω  
Fan Circuits  
Low speed (50°C), Variable, High speed (70°C)  
Power Requirements  
United States & Canada  
Europe  
Other  
120 V, 60 Hz  
230 V, 50 Hz  
240 V, 50 Hz  
Power Consumption  
Dimensions (W × H × D)  
Weight  
500 W/650 VA  
400 W/500 VA  
200 W/250 VA  
12 kg  
480 × 103.5 × 455 mm  
16 kg  
15 kg  
Options  
Ventilation panel: VP1  
0 dB=0.775 Vrms, Half Power=1/2 Power Output Level (Rated Power)  
Specifications subject to change without notice.  
8
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Block Diagram  
SIGNAL  
Ach Power Amp  
PC Limiter  
CHANNEL A  
CHANNEL A  
CHANNEL A  
(BRIDGE)  
(PARALLEL)  
G
CLIP  
Temperature  
Sensor  
(Heat Sink)  
PROTECTION  
TEMP  
Protection  
Circuit  
INPUT  
SPEAKERS  
CLIP  
G
SIGNAL  
CHANNEL B  
Bch Power Amp  
PC Limiter  
PARALLEL  
BRIDGE  
CHANNEL B  
STEREO  
CHANNEL B  
Dimensions  
424  
W:480  
308  
Unit: mm  
9
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Performance Graphs  
Mode:STEREO  
Both ch Driven  
RL=4, f=1kHz  
Mode:STEREO  
Both ch Driven  
RL=4, f=1kHz  
C450  
C320  
5k  
5k  
1k  
1k  
100  
20  
100  
20  
1
10  
100  
1k  
1
10  
100  
1k  
Output Power [W]  
Output Power [W]  
Mode:STEREO  
Both ch Driven  
RL=4, f=1kHz  
C160  
5k  
1k  
100  
20  
1
10  
100  
1k  
Output Power [W]  
Troubleshooting  
The following table lists the main causes of abnormal operation and the corrective measures required, as well as the  
protective circuit operation in each case.  
Indicator  
Probable Cause  
Remedy  
Protection Circuit  
There is a short at a speaker  
terminal, amplifier terminal,  
or wire.  
Locate and correct the cause  
of the short.  
The PC limiter circuit  
operates to protect the power  
transistors.  
CLIP indicator lights.  
Use a speaker system with  
an impedance of at least 4Ω  
(stereo) or 8(bridge).  
The amplifier load is exces-  
sive.  
Check the ventilation slots,  
and improve the airflow  
around the amplifier.  
The heat sink temperature  
has exceed 85˚C.  
Warning by the TEMP  
indicator.  
TEMP indicator lights.  
Check the amplifier ventila-  
tion conditions and take  
appropriate measures to  
improve airflow around the  
amplifier.  
The thermal protection circuit  
operates to protect the power  
transistors.  
The heat sink temperature  
has exceeded 95˚C.  
PROTECTION indicator  
lights.  
A DC voltage of ±2 V or  
greater was generated in the  
power amplifier’s output  
circuit.  
Consult your dealer or  
nearest Yamaha service  
center.  
The relay operates to protect  
the speaker system.  
10  
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