USER GUIDE
®
®
Trimble ThunderBolt E
GPS Disciplined Clock
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USER GUIDE
Trimble® ThunderBolt® E
GPS Disciplined Clock
Version 1.0
Revision B
Part Number 64057-00-ENG
May 2008
F
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Corporate Office
nonconforming Product with new, equivalent to new, or reconditioned
parts or Product, OR refund the Product purchase price paid by you, at
Trimble’s option, upon your return of the Product in accordance with
Trimble's product return procedures then in effect.
Trimble Navigation Limited
Advanced Devices Group
935 Stewart Drive
Sunnyvale, CA 94085
USA
+1-800-787-4225 (toll free in USA)
+1-408-481-7741
How to Obtain Warranty Service
To obtain warranty service for the Product, please contact your local
Trimble authorized dealer. Alternatively, you may contact Trimble to
request warranty service at +1-408-481-6940 (24 hours a day) or e-mail
provide:
Legal Notices
– your name, address, and telephone numbers
– proof of purchase
Copyright and Trademarks
– a description of the nonconforming Product including the model
number and serial number
– an explanation of the problem
The customer service representative may need additional information
from you depending on the nature of the problem.
© 1998 - 2008, Trimble Navigation Limited.Trimble, the Globe & Triangle
logo, and ThunderBolt are trademarks of Trimble Navigation Limited,
registered in the United States and in other countries. Bullet and The
right one logo are trademarks of Trimble Navigation Limited.
Microsoft and Windows are either registered trademarks or trademarks
of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.
Warranty Exclusions and Disclaimer
This Product limited warranty shall only apply in the event and to the
extent that (a) the Product is properly and correctly installed,
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners
Release Notice
configured, interfaced, maintained, stored, and operated in accordance
with Trimble's applicable operator's manual and specifications, and; (b)
the Product is not modified or misused. This Product limited warranty
shall not apply to, and Trimble shall not be responsible for, defects or
performance problems resulting from (i) the combination or utilization
of the Product with hardware or software products, information, data,
systems, interfaces, or devices not made, supplied, or specified by
Trimble; (ii) the operation of the Product under any specification other
than, or in addition to, Trimble's standard specifications for its products;
(iii) the unauthorized installation, modification, or use of the Product;
(iv) damage caused by: accident, lightning or other electrical discharge,
fresh or salt water immersion or spray (outside of Product
specifications); or exposure to environmental conditions for which the
Product is not intended; (v) normal wear and tear on consumable parts
(e.g., batteries); or (vi) cosmetic damage. Trimble does not warrant or
guarantee the results obtained through the use of the Product, or that
software components will operate error free.
This is the May 2008 release (Revision B) of the Trimble ThunderBolt E
GPS Disciplined Clock User Guide, part number 64057-00-ENG.
(Please see the website for updated part number information.)
Product Limited Warranty Information
For applicable product Limited Warranty information, please consult
your local Trimble authorized sales manager.
For applicable product Limited Warranty information, please refer to
Legal Notices in the Help for this product, or consult your local Trimble
authorized dealer.
LIMITED WARRANTY TERMS AND CONDITIONS
Product Limited Warranty
Subject to the following terms and conditions, Trimble Navigation
Limited (“Trimble”) warrants that for a period of one (1) year from date
of purchase this Trimble product (the “Product”) will substantially
conform to Trimble's publicly available specifications for the Product
and that the hardware and any storage media components of the
Product will be substantially free from defects in materials and
workmanship.
NOTICE REGARDING PRODUCTS EQUIPPED WITH
TECHNOLOGY CAPABLE OF TRACKING SATELLITE SIGNALS
FROM SATELLITE BASED AUGMENTATION SYSTEMS (SBAS)
(WAAS/EGNOS, AND MSAS), OMNISTAR, GPS, MODERNIZED GPS
OR GLONASS SATELLITES, OR FROM IALA BEACON SOURCES:
TRIMBLE IS NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR THE OPERATION OR
FAILURE OF OPERATION OF ANY SATELLITE BASED
POSITIONING SYSTEM OR THE AVAILABILITY OF ANY
SATELLITE BASED POSITIONING SIGNALS.
Product Software
Product software, whether built into hardware circuitry as firmware,
provided as a standalone computer software product, embedded in flash
memory, or stored on magnetic or other media, is licensed solely for use
with or as an integral part of the Product and is not sold. If accompanied
by a separate end user license agreement (“EULA”), use of any such
software will be subject to the terms of such end user license agreement
(including any differing limited warranty terms, exclusions, and
limitations), which shall control over the terms and conditions set forth
in this limited warranty.
THE FOREGOING LIMITED WARRANTY TERMS STATE TRIMBLE’S
ENTIRE LIABILITY, AND YOUR EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES, RELATING
TO THE TRIMBLE PRODUCT. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE EXPRESSLY
PROVIDED HEREIN, THE PRODUCT, AND ACCOMPANYING
DOCUMENTATION AND MATERIALS ARE PROVIDED “AS-IS” AND
WITHOUT EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, BY
EITHER TRIMBLE OR ANYONE WHO HAS BEEN INVOLVED IN ITS
CREATION, PRODUCTION, INSTALLATION, OR DISTRIBUTION,
INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE,
TITLE, AND NONINFRINGEMENT. THE STATED EXPRESS
WARRANTIES ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OBLIGATIONS OR LIABILITIES
ON THE PART OF TRIMBLE ARISING OUT OF, OR IN CONNECTION
WITH, ANY PRODUCT. BECAUSE SOME STATES AND JURISDICTIONS
DO NOT ALLOW LIMITATIONS ON DURATION OR THE EXCLUSION
OF AN IMPLIED WARRANTY, THE ABOVE LIMITATION MAY NOT
APPLY OR FULLY APPLY TO YOU.
Software Fixes
During the limited warranty period you will be entitled to receive such
Fixes to the Product software that Trimble releases and makes
commercially available and for which it does not charge separately,
subject to the procedures for delivery to purchasers of Trimble products
generally. If you have purchased the Product from an authorized Trimble
dealer rather than from Trimble directly, Trimble may, at its option,
forward the software Fix to the Trimble dealer for final distribution to
you. Minor Updates, Major Upgrades, new products, or substantially
new software releases, as identified by Trimble, are expressly excluded
from this update process and limited warranty. Receipt of software Fixes
or other enhancements shall not serve to extend the limited warranty
period.
Limitation of Liability
TRIMBLE'S ENTIRE LIABILITY UNDER ANY PROVISION HEREIN
SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE AMOUNT PAID BY YOU FOR THE
PRODUCT. TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY
APPLICABLE LAW, IN NO EVENT SHALL TRIMBLE OR ITS SUPPLIERS
BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGE WHATSOEVER UNDER ANY
CIRCUMSTANCE OR LEGAL THEORY RELATING IN ANYWAY TO THE
PRODUCTS, SOFTWARE AND ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTATION
AND MATERIALS, (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES
FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, LOSS
OF DATA, OR ANY OTHER PECUNIARY LOSS), REGARDLESS OF
WHETHER TRIMBLE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
ANY SUCH LOSS AND REGARDLESS OF THE COURSE OF DEALING
WHICH DEVELOPS OR HAS DEVELOPED BETWEEN YOU AND
TRIMBLE. BECAUSE SOME STATES AND JURISDICTIONS DO NOT
For purposes of this warranty the following definitions shall apply:
(1) “Fix(es)” means an error correction or other update created to fix a
previous software version that does not substantially conform to its
Trimble specifications; (2) “Minor Update” occurs when enhancements
are made to current features in a software program; and (3) “Major
Upgrade” occurs when significant new features are added to software, or
when a new product containing new features replaces the further
development of a current product line. Trimble reserves the right to
determine, in its sole discretion, what constitutes a Fix, Minor Update,
or Major Upgrade.
Warranty Remedies
If the Trimble Product fails during the warranty period for reasons
covered by this limited warranty and you notify Trimble of such failure
during the warranty period, Trimble will repair OR replace the
2
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ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR
CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, THE ABOVE
LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
Declaration of Conformity
We, Trimble Navigation Limited,
PLEASE NOTE: THE ABOVE TRIMBLE LIMITED WARRANTY
PROVISIONS WILL NOT APPLY TO PRODUCTS PURCHASED IN
THOSE JURISDICTIONS (E.G., MEMBER STATES OF THE
EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AREA) IN WHICH PRODUCT
WARRANTIES ARE THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE LOCAL
TRIMBLE AUTHORIZED DEALER FROM WHOM THE PRODUCTS
ARE ACQUIRED. IN SUCH A CASE, PLEASE CONTACT YOUR
LOCAL TRIMBLE AUTHORIZED DEALER FOR APPLICABLE
WARRANTY INFORMATION.
935 Stewart Drive
PO Box 3642
Sunnyvale, CA 94088-3642
United States
+1-408-481-8000
Official Language
declare under sole responsibility that the product:
ThunderBolt E GPS Disciplined Clock
complies with Part 15 of FCC Rules.
THE OFFICIAL LANGUAGE OF THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS IS
ENGLISH. IN THE EVENT OF A CONFLICT BETWEEN ENGLISH AND
OTHER LANGUAGE VERSIONS, THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE SHALL
CONTROL.
Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
(1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and
(2) this device must accept any interference received,
including interference that may cause undesired
operation.
Notices
Class B Statement – Notice to Users. This equipment has been tested
and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant
to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide
reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential
installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio
frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the
instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communication.
However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a
particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful
interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined
by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to
correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
–
–
–
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that
to which the receiver is connected.
–
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
Changes and modifications not expressly approved by the manufacturer
or registrant of this equipment can void your authority to operate this
equipment under Federal Communications Commission rules.
Australia and New Zealand
This product conforms with the regulatory requirements of the
Australian Communications Authority (ACA) EMC framework,
thus satisfying the requirements for C-Tick Marking and sale
within Australia and New Zealand.
Europe
This product has been tested and found to comply with the
requirements for a Class B device pursuant to European
Council Directive 89/336/EEC on EMC, thereby satisfying the
requirements for CE Marking and sale within the European
Economic Area (EEA). Contains Infineon radio module ROK 104001.
These requirements are designed to provide reasonable protection
against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a
residential or commercial environment.
Notice to Our European Union Customers
For product recycling instructions and more information, please go to
Recycling in Europe: To recycle Trimble WEEE (Waste
Electrical and Electronic Equipment, products that run on
electrical power.), Call +31 497 53 24 30, and ask for the
"WEEE Associate". Or, mail a request for recycling
instructions to:
Trimble Europe BV
c/o Menlo Worldwide Logistics
Meerheide 45
5521 DZ Eersel, NL
Restriction of Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in
Electrical and Electronic Equipment (RoHS)
As of July 1, 2006, the Product is compliant in all material respects with
DIRECTIVE 2002/95/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF
THE COUNCIL of 27 January 2003 on the restriction of the use of certain
hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (RoHS
Directive) and Amendment 2005/618/EC filed under C(2005) 3143, with
exemptions for lead in solder pursuant to Paragraph 7 of the Annex to
the RoHS Directive applied. The foregoing is limited to Product placed
on the market in the Member States of the European Union on or after 1
July 2006. Trimble has relied on representations made by its suppliers in
certifying this Product as RoHS compliant.
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Safety Information
Warnings and Cautions
An absence of specific alerts does not mean that there are no safety risks involved.
Always follow the instructions that accompany a Warning or Caution. The information
they provide is intended to minimize the risk of personal injury and/or damage to the
equipment. In particular, observe safety instructions that are presented in the
following formats:
WARNING – A Warning alerts you to a likely risk of serious injury to your person and/or
damage to the equipment.
C
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CAUTION – A Caution alerts you to a possible risk of damage to the equipment and/or
loss of data.
Operation and storage
WARNING – Operating or storing the ThunderBolt E GPS disciplined clock outside the
specified temperature range can damage it. For more information, see the product
specifications on the data sheet.
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Routing any cable
CAUTION – Be careful not to damage the cable. Take care to avoid sharp bends or kinks in
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the cable, hot surfaces (for example, exhaust manifolds or stacks), rotating or
reciprocating equipment, sharp or abrasive surfaces, door and window jambs, and
corrosive fluids or gases.
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Safety Information
AC adaptor safety
An international adaptor kit is provided with the ThunderBolt E GPS disciplined clock.
WARNING – Using an incorrect AC adaptor can damage your product and may void your
warranty. To use AC adaptors safely:
– Use only the AC adaptor intended for the ThunderBolt E. Using any other AC adaptor
can damage your product and may void your warranty.
– Do not use the AC adaptor with any other product.
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– Make certain that the input voltage on the adaptor matches the voltage and frequency
in your location.
– Make certain that the adaptor has prongs compatible with your outlets.
– AC adaptors are designed for indoor use only. Avoid using the AC adaptor in wet
outdoor areas.
– Unplug the AC adaptor from power when not in use.
– Do not short the output connector.
– There are no user-serviceable parts in this product.
– Should damage to the AC adaptor occur, replace it with a new Trimble AC adaptor.
6
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Warnings and Cautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Operation and storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Routing any cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
AC adaptor safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1
2
3
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Hardware features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Interface protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Standard timing software features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Starter kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Use and care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Technical assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Your comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
System requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Computer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
System software. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Installing and using the software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Trimble GPS Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
TSIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
ThunderBolt E starter kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Setting up the ThunderBolt E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
ThunderBolt E system architecture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
ThunderBolt E module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Environmental specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Performance specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Physical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Bullet antenna specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Physical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Environmental specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Antenna cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
I/O connector pin-out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Power supply and connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
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Contents
4
Firmware configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Firmware upgrades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Firmware features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
A
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Interface scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Automatic output packets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Customizing operations parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Packets output at power-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Report packets: ThunderBolt E to User . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Packet structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Packet descriptions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Packet descriptions used in run mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
TSIP Superpackets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
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C H A P T E R
1
Introduction
1
In this chapter:
Welcome to the Trimble ThunderBolt E GPS
Disciplined Clock User Guide. The user guide
describes how to install, set up, and use the
Trimble® ThunderBolt® E GPS disciplined clock
(“ThunderBolt E”).
Q Features
The ThunderBolt E integrates the latest GPS
technology into a rugged, self-contained unit. It
provides an accurate one pulse-per-second
(1 PPS) and a stable 10 MHz frequency output
source for output to synchronize and time
broadband wireless, cellular base stations, Time
Difference of Arrival (TDOA) applications, and
many other Supervisory and Data Acquisition
(SCADA) applications.
For more information on GPS, go to
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1
Introduction
Operation
The ThunderBolt E GPS disciplined clock provides time and frequency through a
12-channel GPS receiver and a high-quality ovenized quartz oscillator integrated onto
a single printed circuit board. Tightly integrating GPS into the clock design eliminates
the need for a separate GPS receiver. This results in better reliability, a smaller size, and
a cost advantage.
The board in the ThunderBolt E consists of one board with GPS and a 24 V power
supply regulator. This power supply regulator ensures clean, robust power to the GPS.
The board can support several different oscillators for applications having stringent
holdover requirements.
The ThunderBolt E is ready to use out of the box for most applications. When a
+24 VDC power source is applied, the ThunderBolt E will begin to track satellites—
four satellites are required to begin the self-survey process. At the same time the
oscillator will come up to operating temperature and stabilize, outputting the 1 PPS
and reference frequency.
To get the most from your time reference, you can customize the ThunderBolt E using
the Trimble binary interface, TSIP (Trimble Standard Interface Protocol). For more
Features
Hardware features
•
A single printed circuit board containing
–
–
–
A quality ovenized oscillator
A 12-channel GPS receiver
Control circuitry
™
•
•
•
Easy integration with the Trimble Bullet antenna
Easy calibration for different cable lengths
Output
–
–
10 MHz reference signal output via BNC connector
1 PPS output with an Over-determined solution synchronized to GPS or
UTC time
Interface protocols
The ThunderBolt E uses the Trimble Standard Interface Protocol (TSIP). This is a
binary packet protocol that allows the system designer maximum configuration
control over the GPS receiver for optimum performance in timing applications. TSIP
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Introduction
1
supports multiple commands and their associated response packets for use in
Standard timing software features
•
Automatic self-survey
•
Signal integrity through a Time-Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitor
(T-RAIM) algorithm
Starter kit
The ThunderBolt E Starter Kit contains all the components required for evaluating and
engineering purposes and is quick and easy to install , with your +24 V power source. It
is a high-performance, cost-effective reference time source that uses GPS technology
to precisely synchronize computers, servers, and Internet applications. See Setting up
Use and care
The ThunderBolt E is a high-precision electronic instrument and should be treated
with reasonable care.
If a problem arises with the unit, an amber indication appears in the monitor program
under Minor Alarms. Contact Trimble for technical direction and repair.
Note – Not every Minor Alarm indicates a problem.
CAUTION – There are no user-serviceable parts inside the ThunderBolt E and any
modification to the unit by the user voids the warranty.
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Technical assistance
If you have a problem and cannot find the information you need in the product
documentation, contact the Trimble Technical Assistance Center at 800-767-4822 or
Your comments
Your feedback about the supporting documentation helps us to improve it with each
revision. Email your comment to [email protected].
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1
Introduction
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C H A P T E R
2
Setting up and Running the
ThunderBolt E
2
In this chapter:
Trimble recommends that you install the Trimble
GPS Monitor software before setting up the
ThunderBolt E GPS disciplined clock. This
enables you to monitor the acquisition of
satellites once you start up the GPS antenna.
A starter kit is available for testing, evaluation,
and engineering purposes. This section describes
the components of the starter kit, and how to set
it up.
The hardware integration is described in
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2
Setting up and Running the ThunderBolt E
System requirements
Hardware
•
For evaluation or engineering purposes:
–
–
User-provided connectors and extension cords to connect the
ThunderBolt E module to the computer, antenna interface, and other
devices as required.
•
For permanent installation:
–
–
–
ThunderBolt E GPS disciplined clock module
Trimble Bullet antenna
75–100 feet of approved cable (RG-6) with two M-M TNC connectors
Note – 50 Ω or 75 Ω RF cable can be used. Typical impedance mismatch will reflect only
0.5 dB of additional attenuation at 1575.42 MHz. See also Cable delay compensation,
–
–
+24 VDC power supply
User-provided equipment to analyze the 10 MHz output frequency and the
1 PPS accuracy, and a BNC connector to connect them to the
ThunderBolt E module.
–
User-provided connectors and extension cords to connect the
ThunderBolt E module to the computer, antenna interface, and other
devices as required.
Computer
•
An office computer running a version of the Microsoft® Windows® operating
system (Windows NT or later)
System software
•
Trimble GPS Monitor software. The software is used to monitor the GPS
performance of the ThunderBolt E and to change its settings. The software is
compatible with the Windows 95, 98, 2000, and XP operating systems and with
•
Trimble Standard Interface Protocol (TSIP). This consists of command packets
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Setting up and Running the ThunderBolt E
2
Installing and using the software
All software programs for the ThunderBolt E are available online from the Trimble
ThunderBolt E and change its configuration settings.
Tip – Install and set up the monitor program before turning on the ThunderBolt E—this
allows you to observe the timing process, from start up to fully functioning.
B
Trimble GPS Monitor
CAUTION – Use only the Trimble GPS Monitor software with this product. Previous
versions may not be compatible.
C
To install the Trimble GPS Monitor (TrimbleMon) application from the website:
Support /ThunderBolt E Software Downloads /Installation Files.
2. Click Trimble Monitor Program and then download the Trimble_Mon.exe file to
the computer’s hard drive.
3. To run the application, double-click the file. The Trimble GPS Monitor screen
appears:
Tx and Rx indicators
COM port and settings
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2
Setting up and Running the ThunderBolt E
To view the Timing Receiver Status and Control information, select
Window/Receiver Status:
4. To specify the communications port and protocol for your office computer,
right-click in the bottom right of the Trimble GPS Monitor screen and then select
the required COM port and settings.
5. Connect the Bullet antenna to the ThunderBolt E using the provided antenna
interface cable.
6. Connect the DB-9M serial cable from the ThunderBolt E to DB-9F on your
computer.
7. Turn on the +24 V DC power source or plug in the AC/DC converter and then
turn on the power.
The Tx and Rx in the lower left of the status bar indicate the following:
–
–
If the Tx blinks, the computer is transmitting commands to the receiver.
If the Rx blinks, the computer is receiving reports from the receiver.
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Setting up and Running the ThunderBolt E
2
8. The ThunderBolt E automatically begins its self-survey. When this is complete
and the receiver achieves a position fix, the following information appears in the
software:
–
–
–
–
position
time
satellites tracked
GPS receiver status
Note – The receiver sends a health report every few seconds, even if satellites are not being
tracked.
Data fields
If the Trimble GPS Monitor program displays a question mark (?) in a data field, the
receiver has not reported a status for this field. If the question mark stays in place, the
GPS module may not be communicating with the computer. Check the interface cable
connections and verify that the serial port selection and settings are set to 9600 baud,
no parity, 8-bit, and 1 stop/start bit.
If the communication fails, call the Trimble Technical Assistance Center (TAC) at
1 (800) 767-4822.
Receiver COM port settings
Packet 0xBC sets the ThunderBolt E GPS port characteristics. To change the receiver
port and then set or request the Input/Output baud rate, data bits, parity, stop bits, and
flow control parameters, select Configure / Receiver Configuration / Port Configuration
dialog.
TSIP
The Trimble Standard Interface Protocol (TSIP) consists of command packets and
report packets. The basic features that are described here include some of the more
commonly used commands and reports. For a complete description of TSIP, see
Note – You do not need the packet number when you use the Windows Control Program.
Cable delay compensation
Packet 0x8E-4A enables you to delay or advance the 1 PPS. This may be required to
compensate for a long cable run. Negative values advance the 1 PPS and compensate
for cable delay. The 10 MHz and 1 PPS output will remain synchronized.
Note – The factory default is zero.
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2
Setting up and Running the ThunderBolt E
Timing information
Packet 0x8F-AB (primary timing information) and packet 0x8F-AC (supplemental
timing information) contain most of the information that you need to monitor the
ThunderBolt E. In the default configuration, these packets are broadcast once per
second.
Elevation Mask
This is the minimum elevation angle for satellites that is used in a solution output by
Satellites that are near the horizon are typically more difficult to track due to signal
attenuation, and are generally less accurate due to higher variability in the ionospheric
and tropospheric corruption of the signal. When there are no obstructions, the receiver
can generally track a satellite to near the horizon. However, when this mask is set too
low, the receiver may experience frequent constellation switching due to low elevation
satellites being obscured.
Frequent constellation switching is associated with undesirable timing jumps. If the
mask setting is too high, it may reject good satellites. The current mask is set to ten
degrees and provides a reasonable trade-off between the benefits and drawbacks.
Signal Level Mask
This mask defines the minimum signal strength for a satellite used in a solution. There
is some internal hysteresis on this threshold that allows brief excursions below the
threshold if lock is maintained and the signal was previously above the mask. The
factory default mask is zero. High accuracy users may use a slightly higher mask of 6.0
to 8.0, since weaker measurements may be slightly noisier and are often caused by
reflected signals that provide erroneous ranges.
Note – A level of hysteresis in the signal level mask is allowed in the core operating
software. The hysteresis allows the receiver to continue using satellite signals that fall
slightly below the mask and prevents the receiver from incorporating a new signal until the
signal level slightly exceeds the mask. This feature minimizes constellation changes caused
by temporary fluctuations in signal levels.
Reference position
When the antenna is connected and power is applied, the GPS module generates a
precise PPS signal, a 10 MHz frequency output, and several miscellaneous periodic
outputs. It calculates a clock-only solution from the GPS data. In clock-only
(position-hold) mode, a static reference position is established and all of the available
satellites are used to solve for a time solution. The reference position may be
determined automatically by the ThunderBolt E (self-survey) or may be uploaded to
the ThunderBolt E by the host, if the position is known. The accuracy and integrity of
the timing solution is highly dependent on the accuracy of the reference position.
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Setting up and Running the ThunderBolt E
2
If the host has not uploaded a reference position, or if the module has been moved
more than one to two kilometers since its last position, the GPS module automatically
conducts a position survey at startup. By default, the GPS module averages 2000
position fixes before entering the clock-only mode. The host system can adjust the
survey period using packet 0x8E-A6. While the GPS module is performing its survey,
the accuracy of the timing outputs will be degraded.
Uploading a reference position
To upload an accurate reference position, use packet 0x31 (Command Packet 0x31:
reference position is stored in EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-
Only Memory) and is retained during power loss. When a reference position is stored
in EEPROM, the GPS module bypasses the position survey procedure and enters
clock-only mode. If you move the antenna, you must send packet 0x8E-45 to clear the
position stored in EEPROM: The GPS module then initiates a self-survey, unless the
host uploads a new position using packet 0x31 or packet 0x32.
To store the reference position from the self-survey procedure in the EEPROM, send
packet 0x8E-4C to the receiver. Alternatively, you can configure the ThunderBolt E to
automatically save the position using packet 0x8E-A9.
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2
Setting up and Running the ThunderBolt E
ThunderBolt E starter kit
Power cable
75 feet of Belden RG-6 cable,
terminated with TNC
connectors at both ends
Trimble Bullet antenna
(5 V with TNC connector)
Power converter
(24 VDC AC/DC)
Power pin adapters
BNC-m / TNC-f
connector
ThunderBolt E module
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Setting up and Running the ThunderBolt E
2
Setting up the ThunderBolt E
Note – You can either set up the starter kit temporarily for testing or evaluation purposes,
or embed it permanently into your system. The procedure is largely the same.
1. Connect the male connector of the antenna cable to the Bullet antenna.
2. Place the antenna so that it has the fullest possible view of the sky.
To mount the antenna permanently, place it on a high point, such as a roof.
Make sure that it is placed away from obstructions, such as neighboring
buildings that may block its view of the sky, or overhanging objects, such as trees
or towers.
Note – If required, you can mount the antenna on a 1" marine pipe with 14 threads per
inch or on a 3/4" plumbers pipe.
3. Route the antenna cable to the receiver.
CAUTION – Be careful not to damage the cable. Take care to avoid sharp bends or kinks in
the cable, hot surfaces (for example, exhaust manifolds or stacks), rotating or
reciprocating equipment, sharp or abrasive surfaces, door and window jambs, and
corrosive fluids or gases.
C
4. Secure the cable using tie-wraps, starting at the antenna and allowing for a drip
loop, and working towards the ThunderBolt E module. Ensure that the cable is
secured at points close to the antenna and the ThunderBolt E module.
Note – Additional protection (for example, heat-shrink tubing) may be required to protect
the cable jacket at points where the opening is rough or sharp, such as where it enters or
exits bulkheads.
5. If required, cut the cable to the required length and then terminate it with the
correct connectors. Make sure that:
–
There is enough slack for a service loop near the antenna to allow for
disconnection, for moisture to drip away from the connection, and for
normal movements of the antenna.
–
All contact surfaces are clean and firm before crimping.
6. If cut, re-attach the male TNC connector to the cut end.
7. Connect the standard RS-232 interface cable directly to the office computer.
Note – The TSIP serial port is set at 9600 baud, no parity, 8-bit, 1 stop/start bit.
8. Connect the +24 V DC power input (part of the Power and I/O interface cable
assembly) to the power converter.
9. Use the adaptor cable to connect the power converter to the main power and
then switch on the mains power.
After you turn on the ThunderBolt E, it takes approximately 5 minutes for the ovenized
oscillator to warm up. During this time, it will begin acquiring satellites in less than 60
seconds, as shown in the Trimble GPS Monitor software on your computer.
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2
Setting up and Running the ThunderBolt E
Once the ThunderBolt E has warmed up and acquired satellites it performs a
self-survey: If at least one satellite is currently available, it will output 1 PPS and
can take an hour. Overall performance will improve after several days of continuous
operation.
1 PPS and 10 MHz is not synchronized with GPS until the unit enters
Over-Determined Clock mode.
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C H A P T E R
3
Hardware Integration
3
In this chapter:
The setup procedures for the ThunderBolt E GPS
disciplined clock are described in Setting up the
the hardware components, to assist you when
you integrate the ThunderBolt E into a system.
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3
Hardware Integration
ThunderBolt E system architecture
Serial
I/O
RS-232
GPS data
GPS receiver
electronics
CPU and support
circuitry
1 PPS
output
10 MHz clock
10 MHz
output
Digital to Analog
converter
Control voltage
10 MHz OCXO
ThunderBolt E module
The ThunderBolt E consists of a board mounted inside an aluminum case. The board
contains the parts for power regulation, a GPS receiver, an oscillator, and disciplining
circuitry.
Environmental specifications
Operating temperature
Storage temperature
Operating humidity
Maximum altitude
0 °C to +60 °C (32 °F to 140 °F)
-40 °C to +85 °C (-40 °F to 185 °F)
95% non-condensing
18,000 meter (11.2 miles)
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Hardware Integration
3
Performance specifications
General
L1 frequency, CA/code (SPS), 12-channel continuous tracking
receiver
Update rate
PPS accuracy
10 MHz accuracy
Harmonic level
Spurious
1 Hz
UTC 15 nanoseconds (one sigma)
-12
1.16 x 10 (one day average)
-40 dBc max
-70 dBc max
Phase noise
10 Hz -120 dBc/Hz
100 Hz - 135 dBc/Hz
1 kHz -135 dBc/Hz
10 kHz -145 dBc/Hz
100 kHz -145 dBc/Hz
Holdover
Some customers, such as CDMA manufacturers, have
historically mandated tighter holdover requirements than
specified. For increased holdover performance, please contact
your local Trimble representative.
Physical characteristics
Power consumption
15 W cold
10 W steady state
Antenna supply voltage
Dimensions
5 V 10%
127 mm (length) x 102 mm (width) x 40 mm (height)
(5" x 4" x 2")
Weight
0.285 kg (0.628 lb)
Mounting
6 mounting holes for M3 screws. Maximum depth 12 mm.
The module dimensions of the ThunderBolt E are shown overleaf.
CAUTION – When permanently mounting the ThunderBolt E onto a plate, you must
consider the length of the screw and the thickness of plate so that you do not protrude
into the ThunderBolt E and potentially damage the electronics.
C
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Hardware Integration
Figure 3.1
ThunderBolt E mechanical specification
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Hardware Integration
3
Bullet antenna specifications
To download full specifications of the Bullet antenna, as well as ordering information,
please go to the Trimble website.
Physical characteristics
Dimensions
Bullet enclosure
Antenna weight
Connector
77.5 mm diameter x 66.2 mm height (3.05" x 2.61")
Textured, off-white plastic
170 grams (6 oz)
F-type or TNC
Mount
1"-14 thread or 3/4" pipe thread
Note – The Bullet III mounting thread is a 3/4" NPT thread, dimensions in accordance
with ANSI/ASME B1.20.1. It is compatible with tapered threads in accordance with
DIN EN 10226 (which is the same as ISO 7/1, DIN 2999, BSP 21, JIS B0203). It is not
compatible with straight threads in accordance with ISO 228/1.
Environmental specifications
Operating temperature
Storage temperature
Vibration
-40 °C to +85 °C (-40 °F to 185 °F)
-40 °C to +100 °C (-40 °F to 212 °F)
2
0.04g /Hz 10 Hz to 500 Hz
2
0.03g /Hz 500 Hz to 850 Hz
2
0.02g /Hz 850 Hz to 1200 Hz
Shock
50 g vertical, 30 g all axes
Mil-STD-810E
Humidity
Salt Fog
Waterproof
Mil. Std. 202F, Method 101D Condition B
Submersion to 1 meter
Antenna cable
Trimble includes an RG-6 cable in the starter kit to connect the ThunderBolt E and the
Bullet antenna. This cable type is widely available.
Note – The ThunderBolt E and the Bullet antenna are compatible with either 50 Ω or 75 Ω
cable. Compared to most 50 Ω cable, 75 Ω cable provides superior transmission for the 1.5
GHz GPS signal and a better quality cable for the price. Mismatched impedance is not a
problem.
Note – RG-6 cable is lower loss than RG-59 and can be used when trying to maximize a
cable run without the use of in-line amplifiers.
The Bullet antenna has greater than 28 dB gain and “best case” noise figure of 3 dB. The
ThunderBolt E has less than an 8 dB noise figure. The system can therefore “tolerate”
18 dB of cable loss for less than 1 dB degradation in performance.
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3
Hardware Integration
In cases where the distance between the Bullet and the ThunderBolt E is excessive (for
example when the loss exceeds 18 dB), an inline amplifier is necessary.
The following table shows the loss relationships:
Cable type
dB / 100 ft
dB / 100 meter
Max lenght for 18 dB loss at
1575 MHz (feet / meter)
RG-6
12
40
150/45
RG8 (and 8/U)
RG-8X
9.6
31
185/58
16.8
19.6
14.7
5.3
55
107/33
RG-58
64
92/28
RG-59
48.2
17.2
11.2
122/37
LMR-400
LMR-600
340/105
530/161/161
3.4
In cases where the run length is such that the loss exceeds 18 dB, an inline amplifier
(LNA) with the following specifications is required:
•
Place the LNA at a point in the coaxial line so that the loss between the Bullet
antenna and the LNA does not exceed 18 dB.
•
The noise figure of the LNA must be 3 dB or less. The gain of the LNA should be
at least 3 dB greater than the cable loss between the output of the inline LNA
and the ThunderBolt E input. Trimble recommends that a filtered LNA is used
to reduce overload by out-of-and signals. (Filtered LNAs are made by GPS
Networking.)
For example, if you choose an RG-6 cable with 40 dB/100 meter loss, and the
required run-length is 90 meters, the total loss for his run would be
(0.9)(40 dB/100 meters) = 36 dB. This exceeds 18 dB and means that you need to
use an inline amplifier.
However, if you select an LMR-400 or LMR-600 cable, you would not need an
inline amplifier.
•
The noise figure of the inline amplifier must be 3 dB or less. The gain of this LNA
would be 21 dB (18 dB loss precedes LNA, 18 dB of loss follows LNA, and drives
requirement for 18 + 3 = 21 dB gain for the LNA).
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Hardware Integration
3
I/O connector pin-out
The RS-232 serial port uses a DB-9 connector. This configuration supports connections
to the RS-232 serial port on a computer. The pinout functions are as follows.
Pin
1
Function
Not used
TxD
Signal / Protocol
2
Transmit out/RS-232
Receive in RS-232
3
RxD
4
Not used
Signal ground
Not used
Not used
Not used
Not used
5
6
7
8
9
Power supply and connector
The ThunderBolt E starter kit includes a 24 V power supply regulator. The module
requires a locally supplied +24 VDC. Power consumption is 15 Watts cold and 10 Watts
steady state.
Use the following to connect to the ThunderBolt E power input:
MOLEX part number Item
Quantity
MLX 39-01-2020
MLX 44476-112
Connector plug
Contact pin
1
2
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Hardware Integration
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4
Firmware Integration
Firmware configuration
The ThunderBolt E maintains its configuration parameters in a non-volatile memory
device (EEPROM). In the EEPROM, related configuration parameters are grouped
together and stored in an area known as a “segment”. There are seven
user-configurable segments. Immediately after a reset, the ThunderBolt E reads the
segment contents from the EEPROM, stores a working copy in RAM and then
configures itself based on the working copy of the segments. You can do the following:
•
•
To modify the contents of the working copy, use the “Set” command packets.
To read the working copies of the segments, issue the “Request” command
packet and wait for the “Report” packet response.
When you alter a parameter, the ThunderBolt E reconfigures, but the contents of the
EEPROM are not changed automatically.
The ThunderBolt E has two command packets that can control the contents of the
segments stored in EEPROM:
•
Command packet 0x8E-4C enables you to save the contents of any or all
working copies of the segments to EEPROM.
•
Command packet 0x8E-45 enables you to set the contents of any or all the
segments stored in EEPROM to the factory default.
Firmware upgrades
When firmware upgrades are available, Trimble will provide software and instructions
for installation on the Trimble website at www.trimble.com/timing.
Firmware features
The firmware includes:
•
Kalman filtering for better performance during holdover.
•
1 PPS calibrated to the USNO master clock for a more accurate “out of box”
performance.
•
•
•
New position integrity monitor that warns you if the receiver is using an
incorrect position.
User-selectable recovery algorithm that enables you to define how the clock will
recover from holdover.
Silent TSIP options that enables you to choose which packets, if any, are to be
reported.
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A P P E N D I X
A
Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
A
In this appendix:
The Trimble Standard Interface Protocol (TSIP)
may be characterized as a set of data packets
used to transmit information to and receive
information from a Trimble GPS receiver. Trimble
products commonly support a version of TSIP
which is customized to the attributes of the
product. This appendix describes the
ThunderBolt E customization.
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A
Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
Introduction
TSIP is a powerful and compact interface protocol which has been designed to allow
the system developer a great deal of flexibility in interfacing to a Trimble product.
Many TSIP data packets are common to all products which use TSIP. An example
would be a single precision position output packet. Other packets may be unique to a
product. Custom packets are only used in the products for which they have been
created.
Note – This appendix has been generated and reviewed with care, however, Trimble is
always grateful to receive reports of any errors in either products or documentation.
Interface scope
ThunderBolt E has one configurable serial I/O communication port, which is a
bi-directional control and data port using a Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
(TSIP). The data I/O port characteristics and other options are user programmable
and stored in non-volatile storage (NVS) memory.
The TSIP protocol is based on the transmission of packets of information between the
user equipment and the GPS receiver. Each packet includes an identification code that
identifies the meaning and format of the data that follows. Each packet begins and
ends with control characters.
Automatic output packets
ThunderBolt E is configured to automatically output the 0x8F-AB and 0x8F-AC
packets. For most system implementations these output packets provide all of the
information required for operation including time, position, GPS status, and health.
The following packets can be broadcast if enabled with packet 0x8E-A5 and 0x35. By
default, only packets 0x8F-AB and 0x8F-AC are enabled for output.
Broadcast output packets
Broadcast
Packet ID
Description
Masking
Packet ID
Request
Packet ID
When Sent
0x42
Position XYZ (ECEF), single precision 0x35 and
0x8E-A5 (bit 6)
0x37
0x37
When a position fix is
computed
0x43
Velocity XYZ, single precision
0x35 and
0x8E-A5 (bit 6)
When a position fix is
computed
0x47
0x4A
Signal Levels
0x8E-A5 (bit 6) 0x27
Once per second
Position LLA, single precision
0x35 and
0x8E-A5 (bit 6)
0x37
0x37
0x3A
When a position fix is
computed
0x56
0x5A
0x6D
Velocity ENU, single precision
Raw Measurements
0x35 and
0x8E-A5 (bit 6)
When a position fix is
computed
0x35 and
When new measurements
are available
0x8E-A5 (bit 6)
Satellite list, DOPS, mode
0x8E-A5 (bit 6) 0x24
Once per second
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
A
Broadcast
Packet ID
Description
Masking
Packet ID
Request
Packet ID
When Sent
0x83
Position XYZ (ECEF), double
precision
0x35 and
0x8E-A5 (bit 6)
0x37
When a position fix is
computed
0x84
Position LLA, double precision
0x35 and
0x8E-A5 (bit 6)
0x37
When a position fix is
computed
0x8F-AB
0x8F-AC
Primary timing packet
0x8E-A5 (bit 0) 0x8E-AB
0x8E-A5 (bit 2) 0x8E-AC
Once per second
Once per second
Secondary timing packet
Customizing operations parameters
Thunderbolt E provides a number of user-configurable parameters that enables the
user to customize its operation. These parameters are stored in NVS memory to be
retained during loss of power and through resets. At reset or power up, ThunderBolt E
configures itself based on the parameters stored in NVS. The user can change the
values of these parameters to achieve the desired operation using a variety of TSIP
packets. ThunderBolt E configures itself based upon the new parameters immediately,
but the new parameter is not automatically saved to NVS. The user must direct
ThunderBolt E to save the parameters to NVS. This is done by sending packet 0x8E-4C
with the ID of the segment containing the changed parameter. Users can also direct
ThunderBolt E to set the parameter values for a specified segment to their factory
defaults by sending packet 0x8E-45.
To customize ThunderBolt E output:
1. Set up ThunderBolt E using TSIP commands until the required operation is
achieved.
2. Use command 0x8E-4C to store the settings in non-volatile memory (except for
position, which is saved or deleted with packet 0x8E-A6.)
These settings will control ThunderBolt E operations whenever it is cold-reset or
power cycled. The following tables illustrate how the user configurable data is
mapped.
Factory default settings (segment 3)
Parameter
Factory Default
4 (Full Position 3D)
1 (Land)
Set
Request
0xBB
Report
0xBB
0xBB
0xBB
0xBB
0xBB
0xBB
0xBB
Receiver mode
Dynamics code
Elevation mask
Signal level mask
PDOP mask
0xBB
0xBB
0xBB
0xBB
0xBB
0xBB
0xBB
0xBB
0.175 radians (10 deg)
4 (AMU)
0xBB
0xBB
12
0xBB
PDOP switch
6
0xBB
Foliage mode
1 (Sometimes)
0xBB
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A
Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
Packet I/O control (segment 4)
Parameter
Factory Default
Set
Request
Report
Packet broadcast mask
Mask 0
0x05
0x00
0x8E-A5
0x8E-A5
0x8E-A5
Mask 1
Packet 0x35 data
Position (Byte 0)
Velocity (Byte 1)
Timing (Byte 2)
Auxiliary (Byte 3)
0x12
0x02
0x00
0x00
0x35
0x35
0x35
0x35
0x35
0x35
0x35
0x35
0x35
0x35
0x35
0x35
Datum
0 (WGS-84)
0x8E-15
0x8E-15
0x8E-15
Serial port configuration (segment 5)
Parameter
Input baud rate
Output baud rate
Data bits
Factory Default
7 (9600 baud)
7 (9600 baud)
3 (8 bits)
Set
Request
0xBC
Report
0xBC
0xBC
0xBC
0xBC
0xBC
0xBC
0xBC
0xBC
0xBC
0xBC
0xBC
0xBC
0xBC
0xBC
0xBC
0xBC
Parity
0 (none)
0xBC
Stop bits
0 (1 bit)
0xBC
Input protocol
Output protocol
2 (TSIP)
0xBC
2 (TSIP)
0xBC
Timing outputs (segment 6)
Parameter
PPS enable
PPS sense
Factory Default
Set
Request
0x8E-4A
0x8E-4A
0x8E-4A
0x8E-4A
Report
0x8E-4A
0x8E-4A
0x8E-4A
0x8F-4A
1 (enabled)
0x8E-4A
0x8E-4A
0x8E-4A
0x8E-4A
1 (rising edge)
0.0 (seconds)
300.0 (Meters)
PPS offset
Bias Uncertainty
Threshold
PPS Output Qualifier
UTC/GPS Date/Time
2 (always on)
0 (GPS)
0x8E-4E
0x8E-A2
0x8E-A2
0x8E-4E
0x8E-A2
0x8E-A2
0x8F-4E
0x8F-A2
0x8F-A2
UTC/GPS PPS Alignment 0 (GPS)
Accurate position (segment 7)
Parameter
Factory Default
No stored position
Set
Request
Report
Position
0x31, 0x32,
self-survey
0x8E-AC
0x8F-AC
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
A
Self-survey (segment 8)
Parameter
Factory Default
Set
Request
0x8E-A9
0x8E-A9
0x8E-A9
Report
0x8E-A9
0x8E-A9
0x8E-A9
Self-survey enable
Position save flag
Self-survey count
1 (enabled)
1 (save)
0x8E-A9
0x8E-A9
0x8E-A9
2000 (fixes)
Oscillator disciplining (segment 9)
Parameter
Time Constant
Loop Damping
Ko
Factory Default
10.0 seconds
1.0
Set
Request
0x8E-A8
0x8E-A8
0x8E-A8
0x8E-A8
Report
0x8E-A8
0x8E-A8
0x8E-A8
0x8E-A8
0x8E-A8
0x8E-A8
0x8E-A8
0x8E-A8
8.83 (Hz/volt)
0.0 (volts)
Minimum control
voltage
Maximum control
voltage
4.0 (volts)
0x8E-A8
0x8E-A8
0x8E-A8
Initial DAC voltage
2.0 (volts)
300.0 (ns)
0x8E-A8
0x8E-A8
0x8E-A8
0x8E-A8
0x8E-A8
0x8E-A8
Recovery mode jam
sync threshold
Recovery mode
maximum frequency
offset
50.0 (ppb)
0x8E-A8
0x8E-A8
0x8E-A8
Packets output at power-up
After completing its self-diagnostics, ThunderBolt E automatically outputs packet
0x45 (Software version),
Command packets: User to ThunderBolt E
The following table summarizes the packets that can be sent to the ThunderBolt E by
the user:
Input ID
0x1C
0x1E
0x1F
Packet Description
Output ID
Firmware/Hardware versions
Initiate cold, warm, or factory reset
Request software version
Request GPS satellite selection
Initiate hot reset
0x1C
0x45 (after reset)
0x45
0x24
0x25
0x26
0x27
0x29
0x31
0x32
0x6D
0x45 (after reset)
Request receiver health
0x46, 0x4B
Request signal levels
0x47
0x49
--
Request Almanac Health
Set accurate position (XYZ ECEF)
Set accurate position (Lat, Long, Alt)
--
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A
Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
Input ID
0x34
Packet Description
Output ID
Set satellite selection for one-satellite mode
Set/request I/O options
--
0x35
0x37
0x55
Request status and value of last position and velocity fixes
0x57 (and other enabled
packets)
0x38
Load/request satellite system data
Set/request satellite disable or ignore health
Request last raw measurement
Request ephemeris status
0x58
0x39
0x59
0x3A
0x5A
0x3B
0x5B
0x3C
Request current satellite tracking status
Request EEPROM segment status
Set/request filter configuration
Set/request receiver configuration
Set/request serial port configuration
Set/request current datum
0x5C
0x3F-11
0x70
0x5F-11
0x70
0xBB
0xBB
0xBC
0xBC
0x8E-15
0x8E-26
0x8E-41
0x8E-42
0x8E-45
0x8E-4A
0x8E-4C
0x8E-4E
0x8E-A0
0x8E-A2
0x8E-A3
0x8E-A4
0x8E-A5
0x8E-A6
0x8E-A8
0x8E-A9
0x8E-AB
0x8E-AC
0x8F-15
0x45 (after reset)
0x8F-41
0x8F-42
0x8F-45
0x8F-4A
0x8F-4C
0x8F-4E
0x8F-A0
0x8F-A2
0x8F-A3
0x8F-A4
0x8F-A5
0x8F-A6
0x8F-A8
0x8F-A9
0x8F-AB
0x8F-AC
Save configuration
Request manufacturing parameters
Request production parameters
Set configuration segment parameters to factory defaults
Set/request PPS characteristics
Save configuration segment to NVS
Set/request PPS output option
Set/request DAC value
Set/request UTC/GPS timing
Issue oscillator disciplining command
Set test modes
Set/request packet broadcast mask
Issue self-survey command
Set/request oscillator disciplining parameters
Set/request self-survey parameters
Request primary timing packet
Request supplemental timing packet
Report packets: ThunderBolt E to User
The following table summarizes the packets output by ThunderBolt E:
Output ID Packet Description
Input ID
0x1C
0x42
0x43
0x45
0x46
Firmware/Hardware Versions
0x1C
Single-precision XYZ position
Velocity fix (XYZ ECEF)
Software version information
Receiver health
0x37, auto
0x37, auto
0x1E, 0x1F, power-up
0x26, auto
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
A
Output ID Packet Description
Input ID
0x27, auto
0x29
0x47
Signal level for all satellites
Almanac health
0x49
0x4A
Single-precision LLA position
Receiver health
0x37, auto
0x26, auto
0x35
0x4B
0x55
I/O options
0x56
Velocity fix (ENU)
0x37, auto
0x37
0x57
Information about last computed fix
GPS system data/acknowledge
Sat enable/disable & health flag
Raw measurement data
Ephemeris status
0x58
0x38
0x59
0x39
0x5A
0x3A
0x5B
0x3B
0x5C
Satellite tracking status
EEPROM segment status
Satellite selection list
0x3C
0x5F-11
0x6D
0x3F-11
0x24, auto
0x37, auto
0x37, auto
0x70
0x83
Double-precision XYZ
0x84
Double-precision LLA
0x70
Filter configuration
0xBB
Receiver configuration
Serial port configuration
Current datum values
0xBB
0xBC
0xBC
0x8F-15
0x8F-41
0x8F-42
0x8F-45
0x8F-4A
0x8F-4C
0x8F-4E
0x8F-A0
0x8F-A2
0x8F-A3
0x8F-A4
0x8F-A5
0x8F-A6
0x8F-A8
0x8F-A9
0x8F-AB
0x8F-AC
0x8E-15
0x8E-41
0x8E-42
0x8F-45
0x8E-4A
0x8F-4C
0x8E-4E
0x8E-A0
0x8E-A2
0x8E-A3
0x8E-A4
0x8E-A5
0x8E-A6
0x8E-A8
0x8E-A9
0x8E-AB, auto
0x8E-AC, auto
Stored manufacturing operating parameters
Stored production parameters
Configuration parameters set to factory defaults
PPS characteristics
Configuration segment saved to NVS
PPS output option
DAC setting
UTC/GPS timing
Oscillator disciplining command
Test modes
Packet broadcast mask
Self-survey command
Oscillator disciplining parameters
Self-survey parameters
Primary timing packet
Supplemental timing packet
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A
Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
Packet structure
TSIP packet structure is the same for both commands and reports. The packet format
is <DLE> <id> <data string bytes> <DLE> <ETX>
Where:
•
•
•
<DLE> is the byte 0x10
<ETX> is the byte 0x03
<id> is a packet identifier byte, which can have any value except <ETX> and
<DLE>.
The bytes in the data string can have any value. To prevent confusion with the frame
sequences <DLE> <id> and <DLE> <ETX>, every <DLE> byte in the data string is
preceded by an extra <DLE> byte ('stuffing'). These extra <DLE> bytes must be added
before sending a packet and removed after receiving the packet. A simple <DLE>
<ETX> sequence does not necessarily signify the end of the packet, as these can be
bytes in the middle of a data string. The end of a packet is <ETX>, preceded by an odd
number of <DLE> bytes.
Floating point numbers (single, double) follow the IEEE Standard for Binary
Floating-Point Arithmetic (IEEE 754.) Multiple-byte numbers (integer, single and
double) are sent most-significant byte first.
Note – On Intel-based (little-endian) machines you must switch the byte order.
The data types used in TSIP are as follows:
Data type
UINT8
Description
An 8-bit unsigned integer (0 to 255)
SINT8
An 8-bit signed integer (-128 to 127)
INT16
A 16-bit unsigned integer (0 to 65,535)
A 16-bit signed integer (-32,768 to 32,767)
A 32-bit unsigned integer (0 to 4,294,967,295)
A 32-bit signed integer (-2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647)
Single-precision float (4 bytes) (1.2x10-38 to 3.4x1038)
Double-precision float (8 bytes) (2.2x10-308 to 1.8x10308)
SINT16
UINT32
SINT32
Single
Double
Note – Default serial port settings are 9600, 8-None-1.
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
A
Packet descriptions
Packet descriptions used in run mode
Report packet 0X13 unparsable packet
This packet is sent in response to a received packet that was unparsable. A packet is
unparsable if the packet ID is not recognized or if the length or content of the packet is
not correct for the packet ID.
Byte
0
Type
Item
UINT8
UINT8
Packet ID of unparsable packet
Packet data bytes of unparsable packet
1-N
Command packet 0x1C:01 - Firmware version
The command packet 0x1C: 01 may be issued to obtain the firmware version. The
packet format is defined in the following table:
Byte
Item
Type
U8
Value
0x1C
0x01
Definition
0
1
Packet ID
Sub-code
Packet ID 0x1C
U8
Sub-code 0x01 for software component
version information request.
Report packet 0x1C:81 - Report firmware version
Byte
Item
Type
U8
Value
0x1C
0x81
Definition
0
1
Packet ID
Sub-code
Packet ID 0x1C
U8
Sub-code 0x81 for software
component version information
report.
2
Reserved
Major version
Minor version
Build number
Month
U8
U8
U8
U8
U8
U8
U16
U8
Any
Any
Any
Any
1-12
1-31
Any
Any
Reserved
3
Firmware major version
Firmware minor version
Firmware build number
Firmware build month
Firmware build day
Firmware build year
4
5
6
7
Day
8...9
10
Year
Length of first
module name
The length of the product name
(L1)
11 ... (10+L1) Product name
U8
String
Product name string in ASCII
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A
Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
Command packet 0x1C: 03 - Hardware component version information
•
•
•
•
The command packet 0x1C: 03 may be issued to obtain the hardware
component version information.
The report packet is of variable length, depending on the length of the hardware
ID.
The serial number, build date fields, and the hardware ID are programmed into
the ThunderBolt E at production.
The hardware code is 3007.
Byte
Item
Type
U8
Value
0x1C
0x03
Definition
0
1
Packet ID
Sub-code
Packet ID 0x1C
U8
Sub-code 0x03 for hardware
component version information
request.
Report packet 0x1C: 83 - Hardware component version information
Byte
Item
Type
U8
Value
0x1C
0x83
Definition
0
1
Packet ID
Sub-code
Packet ID 0x1C
U8
Sub-code 0x83 for hardware
component version information
report.
2 ... 5
6
Serial number
Build day
U32
U8
Any
1-31
1-12
Any
0-23
Any
Board serial number
Day of the board's build date
Month of the board's build date
Year of the board's build date
Hour of the board's build date
7
Build month
Build year
U8
8...9
10
U16
U8
Build hour
11 ... 12
Hardware code U16
Hardware code associated with the
hardware ID
13
Length of
hardware ID
U8
U8
Any
The length of the hardware ID (L)
14 (13 + L)
Hardware ID
String
Hardware ID string in ASCII
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
A
Command Packet 0x1E: Initiate Cold, Warm, or Factory Reset
This packet commands receiver to perform either a cold reset, warm reset or a factory
reset. A cold reset will clear the GPS data (almanac, ephemeris, etc.) stored in RAM and
is equivalent to a power cycle. A factory reset will additionally restore the factory
defaults of all configuration parameters stored in flash memory. A warm reset clears
ephemeris and oscillator uncertainty but retains the last position, time and almanac.
This packet contains one data byte. The data format is shown below.
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
0
Reset
UINT8
0x4B
0x0E
0x46
Cold reset
Warm reset
Factory reset
Note – The factory reset command will delete the stored position and cause a self-survey to
restart.
Command Packet 0x1F: Request Software Version
This packet requests information about the version of software in ThunderBolt E. This
packet contains no data. The requested data is returned in packet 0x45.
Command Packet 0x24: Request GPS Satellite Selection
This packet requests a list of satellites used for the current position/time fix. This
packet contains no data. The requested data is returned in packet 0x6D.
Command Packet 0x25: Initiate Hot Reset
This packet commands the GPS receiver to perform a hot reset. This is not equivalent
to cycling the power; RAM is not cleared. This packet contains no data.
Command Packet 0x26: Request Receiver Health
This packet requests receiver health status. This packet contain no data. The
requested data is returned in packet 0x46 and packet 0x4B.
Command Packet 0x27: Request Signal Levels
This packet requests signal levels for all satellites currently being tracked. This packet
contain no data. The requested data is returned in packet 0x47.
Command Packet 0x29: Request Almanac Health
This packet requests Almanac health data. This packet contain no data. The requested
data is returned in packet 0x49.
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
Command Packet 0x31: Accurate Initial Position (XYZ Cartesian ECEF)
This packet provides an accurate initial position to the GPS receiver in XYZ
coordinates. Either the single precision or the double precision version of this packet
may be used, however, we recommend using the double precision version for greatest
accuracy. ThunderBolt E uses this position for performing time-only fixes. If a survey is
in progress when this command is sent, the survey is aborted and this position data is
used immediately. ThunderBolt E will automatically switch to the Over-Determined
Timing mode when this command is issued. Note that this position is not
automatically saved to flash memory. If you want to save this position, first set the
position, wait at least 2 seconds and then use packet 0x8E-A6 to save the position.
Command Packet 0x31 Data Format (single precision)
Byte
0-3
Item
X-axis
Y-axis
Z-axis
Type
Units
Single
Single
Single
Meters
Meters
Meters
4-7
8-11
Command Packet 0x31 Data Format (double precision)
Byte
0-7
Item
X-axis
Y-axis
Z-axis
Type
Units
Double
Double
Double
Meters
Meters
Meters
8-15
16-23
Command Packet 0x32: Accurate Initial Position (Latitude, Longitude,
Altitude)
This packet provides an accurate initial position to the GPS receiver in latitude,
longitude, and altitude coordinates. Either the single precision or the double precision
version of this packet may be used, however, we recommend using the double
precision version for greatest accuracy. The GPS receiver uses this position for
performing time-only fixes. If a survey is in progress when this command is issued, the
survey is aborted, and this position data is used immediately. The coordinates entered
must be in the WGS-84 datum. ThunderBolt E will automatically switch to the
Over-Determined Timing mode when this command is issued. Note that this position
is not automatically saved to flash memory. If you want to save this position, first set
the position, wait at least 2 seconds and then use packet 0x8E-A6 to save the position.
Note – When converting from degrees to radians use the following value for
p = 3.1415926535898
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
A
Command Packet 0x32 Data Format (single precision)
Byte
0-3
Item
Type
Units
Latitude
Longitude
Altitude
Single
Single
Single
Radians, (+ for north, - for south)
Radians, (+ for east, - for west)
Meters
4-7
8-11
Command Packet 0x32 Data Format (double precision)
Byte
0-7
Item
Type
Units
Latitude
Longitude
Altitude
Double
Double
Double
Radians, (+ for north, - for south)
Radians, (+ for east, - for west)
Meters
8-15
16-23
Command Packet 0x34: Satellite Selection For One-Satellite Mode
This packet allows the user to control the choice of the satellite to be used for the one-
satellite time-only fix mode. This packet contains one byte. If the byte value is 0, the
GPS receiver automatically chooses the best satellite. This automatic selection of the
best satellite is the default action, and the GPS receiver does this unless it receives this
packet. If the byte value is from 1 to 32, the packet specifies the PRN number of the
satellite to be used.
Command Packet 0x35: Set or Request I/O Options
This packet requests the current I/O option states and allows the I/O option states to
be set as desired.
To request the option states without changing them, the user sends this packet with
no data bytes. To change any option states, the user includes 4 data bytes with the
values. The I/O options, their default states, and the byte values for all possible states
are shown below. These options can be set into non-volatile memory with the
0x8E-4C-04 command. The GPS receiver returns packet 0x55.
The following abbreviations apply:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
ALT (Altitude)
ECEF (Earth centered, Earth-fixed)
XYZ (Cartesian coordinates)
LLA (latitude, longitude, altitude)
HAE (height above ellipsoid)
WGS-84 (Earth model (ellipsoid))
MSL geoid (mean sea level)
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
•
UTC (universal coordinated time)
Byte
Data Type
Bit
Value
Meaning
Associated Packet
0
Position
0
0
1
ECEF off
ECEF on
0x42 or 0x83
1
2
0
1
LLA off
LLA on
0x4A or 0x84
0x4A or 0x84
0
1
HAE (datum)
1
MSL geoid
3
4
0
reserved
0
1
single-precision position
double-precision position
0x42/4A
0x83/84
5
0
Superpacket 0x8F-20 off
Superpacket 0x8F-20 on
0x8F-20
0x8F-20
5:7
0
0
reserved
1
2
Velocity
Timing
0
1
ECEF off
ECEF on
0x43
0x56
1
0
1
ENU off
ENU on
2:7
0
0
reserved
0
1
GPS time reference
UTC time reference
0x42, 0x43, 0x4A,
0x83, 0x84, 0x56
1
2
3
4
0
1
Compute fix ASAP
0x42, 0x43, 0x4A,
0x83, 0x84, 0x56
Compute fix on integer second
0
1
0x37Time of fix: when computed
0x37Time of fix: on request
0x37
0
1
Simultaneous meas. Status off
Simultaneous meas. Status on
0
1
Minimum projection off
Minimum projection on
5:7
0
0
reserved
3
Auxiliary
0
1
Raw measurement packet 5A off
Raw measurement packet 5A on
0x5A
1
0
1
Raw codephase measurements
Filtered codephase measurements
2:7
0
reserved
1When using the MSL altitude output, the current datum must be set to WGS-84.
Command Packet 0x37: Request Status and Values of Last Position
This packet requests information regarding the last position fix (normally used when
the GPS receiver is not automatically outputting fixes). The GPS receiver returns the
position/ velocity auto packets specified in the 0x35 message as well as message 0x57.
This packet contains no data.
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
A
Command Packet 0x38: Request Satellite System Data
This packet requests current satellite data.The GPS receiver returns packet 0x58.
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
0
1
Operation
UINT8
1
Must always be '1'
Almanac
Type of data UINT8
2
3
Health page, toa, WNa
Ionosphere
4
5
UTC
6
Ephemeris
2
Sat PRN
UINT8
0
Data not satellite ID specific
Satellite PRN number
1 - 32
Command Packet 0x39: Set or Request SV Disable and Health Use
Normally the GPS receiver selects only healthy satellites (based on transmitted values
in the ephemeris and almanac) which satisfy all mask values. This packet allows
overriding the internal logic and forces the receiver to either unconditionally disable a
particular satellite or to ignore a bad health flag. The GPS receiver returns packet 0x59
if operation 3 or 6 is requested; otherwise there is no reply.
It should be noted that when viewing the satellite disables list, the satellites are not
numbered but are in numerical order. The disabled satellites are signified by a "1" and
enabled satellites are signified by a "0".
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
0
Operation
UINT8
1
2
3
Enable satellite (default)
Disable satellite
Request enable/disable status of all 32
satellites
4
5
6
Heed health (default)
Ignore health
Request heed or ignore health on all 32
satellites
1
Sat PRN
UINT8
0
All 32 satellites
1-32
Any one satellite PRN number
Note – At power-on and after a reset the default values are set for all satellites.
CAUTION – Improperly ignoring health can cause the GPS receiver software to lock up, as
an unhealthy satellite may contain defective data. Use extreme caution in ignoring
satellite health.
C
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A
Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
Command Packet 0x3A: Request Last Raw Measurement
This packet requests the most recent raw measurement data for one specified satellite.
The GPS receiver returns packet 0x5A if data is available.
Byte
Item
Type
Value
0
Meaning
0
Satellite PRN UINT8
All satellites in current tracking set
Specific desired satellite
1-32
Command Packet 0x3B: Request Ephemeris Status
This packet requests the current status of satellite ephemeris data. The GPS receiver
returns packet 0x5B if data is available.
Byte
Item
Type
Value
0
Meaning
0
Satellite PRN UINT8
All satellites in current tracking set
Specific desired satellite
1-32
Command Packet 0x3C: Request Satellite Tracking Status
This packet requests the current satellite tracking status. The GPS receiver returns
packet 0x5C if data is available.
Byte
Item
Type
Value
0
Meaning
0
Satellite PRN UINT8
All satellites in current tracking set
Specific desired satellite
1-32
Command Packet 0x3F-11: Request EEPROM Segment Status
This packet requests the current satellite tracking status. The GPS receiver returns
packet 0x5C if data is available.
Byte
Item
Type
Value
0
Meaning
0
Satellite PRN UINT8
All satellites in current tracking set
Specific desired satellite
1-32
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
A
Report Packet 0x42: Single-precision Position Fix
This packet provides current GPS position fix in XYZ ECEF coordinates. If the I/O
"position" option is set to "XYZ ECEF" and the I/O "Precision-of-Position output" is set
to single-precision, then the GPS receiver sends this packet each time a fix is computed
or in response to packet 0x37. The data format is shown below. The time-of-fix is in
GPS or UTC as selected by the I/O "timing" option in packet 0x35. Packet 0x83 provides
a double-precision version of this information.
Byte
0-3
Item
Type
Units
X
Single
Single
Single
Single
meters
meters
meters
seconds
4-7
Y
8-11
12-15
Z
time-of-fix
Report Packet 0x43: Velocity Fix, XYZ ECEF
This packet provides current GPS velocity fix in XYZ ECEF coordinates. If the I/O
"velocity" option (packet 0x35) is set to "XYZ ECEF," then the GPS receiver sends this
packet each time a fix is computed or in response to packet 0x37. The data format is
shown below. The time-of-fix is in GPS or UTC as selected by the I/O "timing" option.
Byte
0-3
Item
Type
Units
X velocity
Y velocity
Z velocity
bias rate
time-of-fix
Single
Single
Single
Single
Single
meters/second
meters/second
meters/second
meters/second
seconds
4-7
8-11
12-15
16-19
Report Packet 0x45: Software Version Information
This packet provides information about the version of firmware running on the GPS
receiver. The receiver sends this packet after power-on, reset, and in response to
packet 0x1F.
Byte
Item
Type
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Major version number of application
Minor version number of application
Month
UINT8
UINT8
UINT8
UINT8
UINT8
UINT8
UINT8
UINT8
UINT8
UINT8
Day
Year number minus 1900
Major revision number of GPS core
Minor revision number of GPS core
Month
Day
Year number minus 1900
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A
Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
Note – Bytes 0 through 4 are part of the application layer of the firmware, while bytes 5
through 9 are part of the GPS core layer of the firmware.
Report Packet 0x46: Receiver Health
This packet provides receiver health status. The receiver sends this packet in response
to packet 0x26.
Byte
Item
Type
Value
0x00
0x01
0x03
0x0C
0x08
0x09
0x0A
0x0B
0xBB
Meaning
0
SV Fix Status
bit field
Doing fixes
Do not have GPS time yet
PDOP too high
Bad 1 SV
No usable SV's
Only 1 usable SV
Only 2 usable SVs
Only 3 usable SVs
Over-Determined Clock mode
1
Antenna Fault
status
bit field
Bit 0
0 if Warm start, 1 otherwise unused
0000 = no fault
Bits 1-3
Bits 4-7
0001 = antenna circuit open
0011 = antenna circuit short
Report Packet 0x47: Signals Levels for Tracked Satellites
This packet provides received signal levels for all satellites currently being tracked or
on which tracking is being attempted (i.e., above the elevation mask and healthy
according to the almanac). The receiver sends this packet in response to packet 0x27 or
automatically as listed in the Automatic Output Packets section. The data format is
shown below. Up to 12 satellite number/signal level pairs may be sent as indicated by
the count field. Signal level is normally positive. If it is zero then that satellite has not
yet been acquired. If it is negative then that satellite is not currently in lock. The
absolute value of signal level field is the last known signal level of that satellite.
Byte
0
Item
Type
Count
UINT8
UINT8
Single
UINT8
Single
(etc.)
1
Satellite number 1
Signal level 1
Satellite number 2
Signal level 2
(etc.)
2-5
6
7-10
(etc.)
Note – The signal level provided in this packet is a linear measure of the signal strength
after correlation or de-spreading. Units are either AMU or dB-Hz as controlled by packet
0x35.
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
A
Report Packet 0x49: Almanac Health
This packet provides health data on 32 satellites. Packet data consists of a data byte for
each of 32 satellites, each data byte containing the 6-bit health from almanac page 25.
Byte
Item
Type
0
Health of satellite #1 bit field
Health of satellite #1 bit field
Health of satellite #1 bit field
1
2
-
-
-
31
Health of satellite #31 bit field
Report Packet 0x4A: Single Precision LLA Position Fix
The packet provides current GPS position fix in LLA (latitude, longitude, and altitude)
coordinates. If the I/O position option is set to "LLA" and the I/O precision of position
output is set to single precision, then the receiver sends this packet each time a fix is
computed. The data format is shown below:
Byte
0-3
Item
Type
Units
Latitude
Longitude
Altitude
Clock Bias
Time-of-fix
Single
Single
Single
Single
Single
radians: + for north, - for south
4-7
radians: + for east, - for west
8-11
12-15
16-19
meters
meters
seconds
The LLA conversion is done according to the datum selected using packet 0x8E-15.
The default is WGS-84. Altitude is referred to the datum or the MSL Geoid, depending
on which I/O LLA altitude option is selected with packet 0x35. The time of fix is in GPS
time or UTC, depending on which I/O timing option is selected.
CAUTION – When converting from radians to degrees, significant and readily visible
errors will be introduced by use of an insufficiently precise approximation for the
constant p (pi). The value of a constant p as specified in ICD-GPS-200 is 3.1415926535898.
C
C
CAUTION – The MSL option is only valid with the WGS-84 datum. When using other
datums, only the HAE option is valid.
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
Report Packet 0x4B: Receiver Health
This packet provides receiver health status.
Byte
Item
Type
Value
96
Meaning
0
1
Machine ID
UINT8
Receiver Machine ID
RTC Time validity Bit pattern
Bit 1
0 = RTC time valid
1 = RTC time not valid
Bit 3
0 = Almanac not complete
1 = Almanac collection complete
2
TSIP Superpacket UNIT8
support
1
0
Superpackets supported
Superpackets not supported
Report Packet 0x55: I/O Options
This packet provides the current I/O option states in response to packet 0x35 request.
Report Packet 0x56: Velocity Fix, East-North-Up (ENU)
If East-North-Up (ENU) coordinates have been selected for the I/O "velocity" option,
the receiver sends this packet each time that a fix is computed or in response to packet
0x37. The data format for this packet is shown below.
Byte
0-3
Item
Type
Units
East Velocity
North Velocity
Up velocity
Clock bias rate
Time-of-fix
Single
Single
Single
Single
Single
m/s; + for east, - for west
m/s; + for north, - for south
m/s; + for up, - for down
m/s
4-7
8-11
12-15
16-19
seconds
Note – The time-of-fix is in GPS or UTC time as selected by the I/O "timing" option.
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
A
Report Packet 0x57: Information about Last Computed Fix
This packet provides information concerning the time and origin of the previous
position fix. The receiver sends this packet, among others, in response to packet 0x37.
The data format for this packet is shown below.
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
0
Source of info
UINT8
0
1
Old fix
New fix
1
Fix mode
UINT8
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
No previous fix
Time only 1-SV
2D clock hold (not used)
2D
3D
Over-Determined Clock
DGPS reference (not used)
Seconds GPS time
Weeks
2-5
6-7
Time of last fix
Single
Week of last fix UINT16
Report Packet 0x58: GPS System Data from the Receiver
This packet provides GPS data (almanac, ephemeris, etc.). The GPS receiver sends this
packet in response to packet 0x38. The data format is shown below. The table and
section numbers referred to in the "Meaning" column reference the Global Positioning
System Standard Positioning Service Signal Specification document.
Report Packet 0x58 Data Format
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
0
operation
UINT8
2
Data out
3
no data on SV
Almanac
1
Type of data
UINT8
2
3
Health page, T_oa, WN_oa
Ionosphere
4
5
UTC
6
Ephemeris
2
3
Sat PRN #
Length (n)
UINT8
UINT8
0
Data that is not satellite ID-specific
Satellite PRN number
Byte count
1 to 32
4 to n+3 Data
Note – If data is not available, byte 3 is set to 0 and no data is sent
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A
Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
Report Packet 0x58 Almanac Data Type 2
Byte
4
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
Table 2.8
Table 2.8
Table 2.8
Table 2.8
Table 2.8
Table 2.8
Table 2.8
Table 2.8
Table 2.8
Table 2.8
Table 2.8
Table 2.8
Table 2.8
Table 2.8
Derived
Toa (raw)
SV_HEALTH
e
UINT8
UINT8
Single
Single
Single
Single
Single
Single
Single
Single
Single
Single
Single
Single
Single
Single
Single
5
6-9
10-13
14-17
18-21
22-25
26-29
30-33
34-37
38-41
42-45
46-49
50-53
54-57
58-61
62-65
toa
io
OMEGADOT
sqrt(A)
(OMEGA)0
(OMEGA)
M0
af0
af1
Axis
n
OMEGA_n
ODOT_n
tzc
Derived
Time of collection (set to -1.0 if
there is no data available)
66-67
68-69
week number
WNa
UINT16
UINT16
GPS week number
Sec 2.4.5.2.3
Note – All angles are in radians.
Report Packet 0x58 Almanac Health Data Type 3
Byte
4
Item
Type
Meaning
Week number for health
SV health
UINT8
UINT8
UINT8
UINT8
UINT16
Sec 2.4.5.3
5-36
37
Sec 2.4.5.3
toa for health
current toa
Sec 2.4.5.2.3
Time of collection
Time of collection
38
39-40
current week number
Report Packet 0x58 Ionosphere Data Type 4
Byte
4-11
Item
not used
a0
Type
Meaning
12-15
16-19
20-23
24-27
28-31
Single
Single
Single
Single
Single
Sec 2.4.5.6
Sec 2.4.5.6
Sec 2.4.5.6
Sec 2.4.5.6
Sec 2.4.5.6
a1
a2
a3
b0
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
A
Byte
32-35
36-39
40-43
Item
b1
Type
Meaning
Sec 2.4.5.6
Sec 2.4.5.6
Sec 2.4.5.6
Single
Single
Single
b2
b3
Report Packet 0 x 58 UTC Data Type 5 (continued)
Byte
4-16
Item
not used
A0
Type
Meaning
17-24
25-28
29-30
31-34
35-36
37-38
39-40
41-42
Double
Single
Sec 2.4.5.5
Sec 2.4.5.5
Sec 2.4.5.5
Sec 2.4.5.5
Sec 2.4.5.5
Sec 2.4.5.5
Sec 2.4.5.5
Sec 2.4.5.5
A1
DtLS
tot
SINT16
Single
WNt
WNLSF
DN
UINT16
UINT16
UINT16
SINT16
DtLSf
Report Packet 0 x 58 Ephemeris Data Type 5
Byte
4
Item
Type
Meaning
SV number
t_ephem
week number
retired
UINT8
Single
UINT16
SV PRN number
5-8
Time of collection (seconds)
9-10
11
GPS week number 0 through 1023
12
retired
13
SV accuracy raw UINT8
URA index of SV (0 through 15)
6 bit health code
Issue of data clock
L1-L2 correction term
Sec 20.4.3.5
14
SV health
IODC
tGD
UINT8
UINT16
Single
Single
Single
Single
Single
Single
UINT8
15-16
17-20
21-24
25-28
29-32
33-36
37-40
41
toc
af2
Sec 2.4.3.6
af1
Sec 2.4.3.6
afo
Sec 2.4.3.6
SV accuracy
IODE
retired
Crs
URA of SV
Issue of data ephemeris
42
43-46
47-50
51-58
59-62
63-70
71-74
Single
Single
Double
Single
Double
Single
Table 2.5
Table 2.5
Table 2.5
Table 2.5
Table 2.5
Table 2.5
Dn
M0
Cuc
e
CUS
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A
Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
Byte
Item
sqrt(A)
toe
Type
Meaning
Table 2.5
Table 2.5
Table 2.5
Table 2.5
Table 2.5
Table 2.5
Table 2.5
Table 2.5
Table 2.5
Table 2.5
75-82
83-86
87-90
91-98
99-102
Double
Single
Cic
Single
(OMEGA)0
Cis
Double
Single
103-110 io
Double
Single
111-114 Crc
115-122 (OMEGA)
123-126 OMEGADOT
127-130 IDOT
131-138 Axis
Double
Single
Single
Double
Double
Double
Double
Double
139-146
n
147-154 r1me2
= sqrt(1.0-e2)
155-162 OMEGA_n
163-170 ODOT_n
Derived from OMEGA_0, OMEGADOT
Derived from OMEGADOT
Note – All angles are in radians. Reference numbers refer to Global Positioning System
Standard Positioning Service Signal Specification. This specification is currently available
Report Packet 0x59: Status of Satellite Disable or Ignore Health
This packet is sent in response to command packet 0x39.
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
0
Operation
UINT8
3
The remaining bytes tell whether the
receiver has enabled each satellite for
selection.
6
The remaining bytes tell whether the
receiver heeds or ignores each satellite's
health as a criterion for selection.
1 to 32
Sat PRN
UINT8 (1
per SV)
0
1
Enable satellite selection or heed satellite's
health.
Disable satellite selection or ignore
satellite's health.
Report Packet 0x5A: Raw Data Measurement Data
Packet 0x5A provides raw GPS measurement data. This packet is sent in response to
packet 0x3A or automatically if enabled with packet 0x35.
Byte
0
Item
Type
Units
SV PRN number
Sample length
Signal level
UINT8
Single
Single
1-4
5-8
milliseconds
AMU or dB-Hz
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
A
Byte
9-12
Item
Type
Units
Code phase
Doppler
Single
Single
1/16th chip
Hertz @ L1
seconds
13-16
17-24
Time of measurement Double
Note – The sample length is the number of milliseconds over which the sample was
averaged.
Note – The code phase value is the average delay over the sample interval of the received
C/A code, and is measured with respect to the receiver's millisecond timing reference.
Report Packet 0x5B: Satellite Ephemeris Status
Packet 0x5B provides satellite ephemeris status. This packet is sent in response to
packet 0x3B.
Byte
0
Item
Type
Units
SV PRN number
Time of collection
Health
UINT8
Single
UINT8
UINT8
Single
UINT8
Single
1-4
5
seconds
6
IODE
7-10
11
toe
seconds
meters
Fit interval flag
SV accuracy (URA)
12-15
Report Packet 0x5C: Satellite Tracking Status
The receiver sends this packet in response to command packet 0x3C.
Byte
Bit
Item
Type
Value
1-32
Meaning
PRN
0
1
1
SV PRN number
slot number
channel number
UINT8
0:2
3:7
bit field
bit field
0 0 0
Not used
Channel 1
Channel 2
Channel 3
Channel 4
Channel 5
Channel 6
Channel 7
Channel 8
Channel 9
Channel 10
Channel 11
Channel 12
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1
0 0 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 0
0 1 0 1
0 1 1 0
0 1 1 1
1 0 0 0
1 0 0 1
1 0 1 0
1 0 1 1
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A
Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
Byte
Bit
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
2
acquisition flag
UNIT8
0
Never acquired
Acquired
1
2
Re-opened search
Flag not set
3
ephemeris flag
signal level
UNIT8
0
>0
Good ephemeris
AMU or dBHz
GPS time of week
4-7
Single
Single
8-11
time of last
secs
measurement
12-15
16-19
20
elevation angle
azimuth angle
Single
Single
Radians
Radians
old measurement flag UINT8
0
Flag not set
>0
0
Measurement old
Don't know msec
Known from subframe
Verified by bit crossing
Verified by good fix
Suspect msec error
Flag not set
21
integer msec flag
UINT8
1
2
3
4
22
23
bad data flag
UINT8
UINT8
0
1
Bad parity
2
Bad ephemeris health
Flag not set
data collection flag
0
>0
Collection in progress
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
A
Report Packet 0x5F-11: EEPROM Segment Status
The receiver sends this packet in response to command packet 0x3F-11. This packet
contains the status of all EEPROM segments:
•
•
A zero in the status bit indicates that the segment contents are valid.
A one in the status bit indicates that the segment contents were found to be
corrupt and had to be reverted to their factory default values.
•
Bits 3-9 are used to generate the minor alarm (bit 10) in packet 0x8F-AC.
Byte
0
Bit
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
Subcode
UINT8
bit field
0x11
1-2
0
Segment status
Manufacturing data
Unused
1
2
Unused
3
Receiver configuration
Packet I/O control
Serial port configuration
Timing outputs
4
5
6
7
Accurate position
Self-survey configuration
Oscillator Disciplining parameters
Unused
8
9
10-15
Report Packet 0x6D: Satellite Selection List
This packet provides a list of satellites used for position or time-only fixes by the GPS
receiver. The packet also provides the PDOP, HDOP, VDOP and TDOP of that set and
provides the current mode (automatic or manual, 3-D or 2-D, Over-Determined Clock
mode, etc.). This packet has variable length equal to 17+nsvs where "nsvs" is the
number of satellites used in the solution. If an SV is rejected for use by the T-RAIM
algorithm then the SV PRN value will be negative.
The GPS receiver sends this packet in response to packet 0x24 or automatically. The
data format is shown below.
Byte
Bit
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
1D clock fix
2D fix
0
0:2
fix dimension
bit field
1
3
4
3D fix
5
OD clock fix
Auto
3
fix mode
bit field
0
1
Manual
Count
4:7
Number of SVs in fix
PDOP
bit field
Single
Single
0-12
1-4
5-8
PDOP
HDOP
HDOP
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
Byte
Bit
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
VDOP
TDOP
9-12
VDOP
TDOP
SV PRN
Single
Single
SINT8
13-16
17 - n
(1-32)
PRN
Command Packet 0x70: Filter Configuration
This packet provides control for the available filters. The PV filter smoothes position
data when the antenna is moving and attempts to reduce the effects of position
disturbances, which include reflected signals and small outages of DGPS corrections.
Command Packet 0x70 enables or disables the P/V Filter, Static Filter, Altitude Filter,
Kalman filter. Filter selection is restricted by the following:
•
•
The PV filter must be turned on before the Static Filter can operate.
The Kalman filter takes precedence, i.e., enabling the Kalman filter will disable
the PV, Static, and Altitude filters
To request the filter operation state, send Command Packet 0x70 with no data bytes.
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
0
PV filter
UINT8
0
1
Off
On
1
2
3
Static filter
UINT8
UINT8
UINT8
0
1
Off
On
Altitude filter
Kalman filter
0
1
Off
On
0
1
Off
On
Report Packet 0x70: Filter Configuration
This packet reports the current configuration for the available filters.
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
0
PV filter
UINT8
0
1
Off
On
1
2
3
Static filter
UINT8
UINT8
UINT8
0
1
Off
On
Altitude filter
Kalman filter
0
1
Off
On
0
1
Off
On
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
A
Report Packet 0x83: Double Precision XYZ
This packet provides current GPS position fix in XYZ ECEF coordinates. If the I/O
"position" option is set to "XYZ ECEF" and the I/O double position option is selected,
the receiver sends this packet each time a fix is computed. The data format is shown
below.
Byte
0-7
Item
Type
Units
X
Double
Double
Double
Double
Single
meters
meters
meters
meters
seconds
8-15
Y
16-23
24-31
32-35
Z
clock bias
time-of-fix
Note – The time-of-fix is in GPS time or UTC, as selected by the I/O "timing" option. Packet
0x42 provides a single-precision version of this information.
Report Packet 0x84: Double Precision LLA Position (Fix and Bias
Information)
This packet provides current GPS position fix in LLA coordinates. If the I/O "position"
option is set to "LLA" and the double position option is selected (see packet 0x35), the
receiver sends this packet each time a fix is computed.
Byte
0-7
Item
Type
Units
latitude
longitude
altitude
clock bias
time-of-fix
Double
Double
Double
Double
Single
radians: + for north, - for south
8-15
radians: + for east, - for west
16-23
24-31
32-35
meters
meters
seconds
Note – The time-of-fix is in GPS time or UTC time as selected by the I/O "timing" option.
CAUTION – When converting from radians to degrees, significant and readily visible
errors will be introduced by use of an insufficiently precise approximation for the
constant p. The value of the constant p as specified in ICD-GPS-200 is 3.1415926535898.
C
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A
Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
Command Packet 0xBB: Set Receiver Configuration
In query mode, packet 0xBB is sent with a single data byte and returns report packet
0xBB in the format shown below.
Command Packet 0xBB Data Format (query only)
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
0
Subcode
UINT8
0
Query mode
TSIP packet 0xBB is used to set the GPS Receiver options. The table below lists the
individual fields within the 0xBB packet.
Report Packet 0xBB Data Format
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
0
Subcode
UINT8
0
Primary receiver configuration
block
1
receiver mode
UINT8
0
Automatic (2D/3D)
Single satellite (1 SV time)
Horizontal (2D)
Full position (3D)
Over-Determined Clock
do not alter
1
3
4
7
2
3
reserved
UINT8
0xFF
Dynamics Code UINT8
1
Land
2
Sea
3
Air
4
Stationary
5
Automobile
4
reserved
UINT8
0xFF
0- p/2
do not alter
5-8
Elevation Mask Single
Lowest satellite elevation for fixes
(radians)
9-12
13-16
17-20
21
AMU Mask
PDOP Mask
PDOP Switch
reserved
Single
Single
Single
UINT8
UINT8
Minimum signal level for fixes
Maximum DOP for fixes
Switches 2D/3D mode
do not alter
0xFF
0
22
Foliage Mode
Never
1
Sometimes
2
Always
23
reserved
reserved
reserved
reserved
reserved
UINT8
UINT8
UINT8
UINT8
UINT8
0xFF
0xFF
0xFF
0xFF
0xFF
do not alter
24
do not alter
25
do not alter
26
do not alter
27-39
do not alter
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
A
CAUTION – The operation of ThunderBolt E can be affected adversely if incorrect data is
entered in the fields associated with packet 0xBB.
C
Note – When sending packet 0xBB, fields that are specified as "do not alter" or if you do not
want to alter a specific field, send a value of 0xFF for UINT8 types and a value of -1.0 for
floating point types. ThunderBolt E will ignore these values.
Command Packet 0xBC: Set Port Configuration
TSIP packet 0xBC is used to set and query the port characteristics. In query mode,
packet 0xBC is sent with a single data byte and returns report packet 0xBC.
Note – The input and output baud rates must be the same.
Command Packet 0 x BC Data Format (Query Mode)
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
0
Port Number UINT8
0
Port 1 (standard)
Port 2 (not available)
Current port
1
0xFF
The table below lists the individual fields within the packet 0xBC when used in the set
mode and when read in the query mode.
Command and Report Packet 0xBC Field Data Format
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
Port 1 (standard)
Port 2 (factory only)
Current port
4800 baud
9600 baud
19200 baud
38400 baud
57600 baud
115200 baud
As above
7 bits
0
Port to Change
UINT8
0
1
0xFF
1
Input Baud Rate
UINT8
6
7
8
9
10
11
2
3
Output Baud Rate
# Data Bits
UINT8
UINT8
As above
2
3
0
1
2
0
1
8 bits
4
5
Parity
UINT8
UINT8
None
Odd
Even
# Stop Bits
1 bit
2 bits
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
None
6
7
Flow Control
Input Protocols
UINT8
UINT8
0
0
2
0
2
0
None
TSIP
8
9
Output Protocols
Reserved
UINT8
UINT8
None
TSIP
Reserved
TSIP Superpackets
Several packets have been added to the core TSIP protocol to provide additional
capability for the receivers. In packets 0x8E and their 0x8F responses, the first data
byte is a subcode which indicates the superpacket type. For example, in packet
0x8E-15, 15 is the subcode that indicates the superpacket type. Therefore the ID code
for these packets is 2 bytes long followed by the data.
Command Packet 0x8E-15: Request current Datum values
This packet contains only the subpacket ID, 0x15. The response to this packet is
0x8F-15.
Command Packet 0x8E-26: Write Configuration to NVS
This command packet causes the current configuration settings for all user segments
to be written to NVS.
Note – The ThunderBolt E configuration settings are partitioned into functional areas
(segments) each of which can be saved individually via Command Packet 0x8E-4C or set
to defaults via Command Packet 0x8E-45.
Command Packet 0x8E-41: Request Manufacturing Parameters
This packet is used to request the manufacturing parameters stored in non-volatile
memory. Send this packet with no data bytes (don't forget the subcode) to request
packet 0x8F-41.
Command Packet 0x8E-42: Stored Production Parameters
This packet is used to request the production parameters stored in non-volatile
memory. Send this packet with no data bytes (don't forget the subcode) to request
packet 0x8F-42.
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A
Command Packet 0x8E-45: Revert Configuration Segment to Default
Settings and Write to NVS
This command packet causes the current configuration settings for the specified user
segment (or all segments) to revert to their factory defaults and written to NVS. The
receiver is also re-configured with the default settings. The segment ID is contained in
a data byte.
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
0
1
Subcode
Segment ID
UINT8
UINT8
0x45
3
GPS Receiver config
Packet I/O control
Serial Port config
Timing Output config
Accurate Position
Self-Survey config
Disciplining config
All segments
4
5
6
7
8
9
0xFF
Command Packet 0x8E-4A: Set PPS Characteristics
This packet allows the user to query (by sending the packet with no data bytes) or set
PPS characteristics. The receiver responds to a query or set command with packet
0x8F-4A.
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
0
1
Subcode
UINT8
UINT8
0x4A
PPS driver switch
0
1
off
on
2
3
Reserved
UINT8
UINT8
PPS polarity
0
1
positive
negative
1
4-11
PPS offset or cable delay
Double
Single
seconds
meters
12-15
Bias uncertainty threshold
300.0
1Negative offset values advance the PPS, and are normally used to compensate for cable delay. Useful
values for the PPS offset are between 50 ms.
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
Command Packet 0x8E-4C: Write Configuration Segment to NVS
This command packet causes the current configuration settings for the specified user
segment (or all segments) to be written to NVS. The segment ID is contained in a data
byte.
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
0
1
Subcode
Segment ID
UINT8
UINT8
0x4C
3
GPS Receiver config
Packet I/O control
Serial Port config
Timing Output config
Accurate Position
Self-Survey config
Disciplining config
All segments
4
5
6
7
8
9
0xFF
Command Packet 0x8E-4E: Set PPS output option
This command packet sets the PPS driver switch to one of the values listed below. The
current driver switch value can be requested by sending the packet with no data bytes
except the subcode byte.
Driver switch values 3 and 4 only make sense in Over-Determined Timing mode. In any
position fix mode the effective choices are always on or during fixes which you get if
you set the driver switch to 3 or 4.
ThunderBolt E can also be configured to generate an Even Second pulse in place of the
PPS pulse by setting the value as shown in the table below.
Byte
Item
Type
Value
0x4E
Meaning
0
1
Subcode
UINT8
PPS driver switch UINT8
0x02
PPS is always on.
PPS is generated every second.
0x03
0x04
PPS is output when at least one
satellite is tracking.
PPS is generated every second
PPS is output when at least three
satellites are tracking.
PPS is generated every second
0x82
0x83
PPS is always on.
PPS is generated every even second.
PPS is output when at least one
satellite is tracking.
PPS is generated every even second.
0x84
PPS is output when at least three
satellites are tracking.
PPS is generated every even second.
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
A
Command Packet 0x8E-A0: Set DAC Value
Use command packet 0x8E-A0 to set the DAC output voltage or to request the current
DAC output voltage plus the parameters describing the DAC. The DAC output voltage
is used to control the frequency of the OCXO (Oven Controlled Crystal Oscillator.)
Send this packet with no data to request the DAC voltage. The receiver responds with
packet 0x8F-A0.
The Command Packet Data Fields are as follows:
Field
Description
Setting
Voltage/Value flag
Use this field to specify that the DAC is to be 0: Set DAC by voltage
set either by value or by voltage.
1: Set DAC by value
DAC Voltage Value: When the Voltage/Value Flag is set to
voltage, use this field to specify the numeric
value of the DAC as the 32-bit unsigned
number.
Voltage: 0.0 V to +4.0 V
Value: 0x00000 to
0xFFFFF (20 bits)
To set the DAC voltage, send packet 0x8E-A0 in the format shown below.
Note – Oscillator disciplining must be disabled (see packet 0x8E-A3) to use this command
to set the DAC voltage.
Command Packet 0x8E-A0 Data Format
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Description
0
1
Subcode
UINT8
0xA0
Voltage /Value Flag UINT8
0
1
Set DAC voltage
Set DAC value
2-5
DAC Voltage/ Value Single/UINT3 2
DAC voltage/Value
Command Packet 0x8E-A2: UTC/GPS Timing
Command packet 0x8E-A2 sets the UTC/GPS timing mode (time and date fields) in
packet 0x8F-AB, and the temporal location of ThunderBolt E output PPS. Send packet
0x8E-A2 with no data to request the current settings. The receiver replies with
response packet 0x8F- A2.
Byte
Bit
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
0
1
Subcode
UINT8
bit field
0xA2
0
1
UTC/GPS
time
0
1
GPS time/date in packet 0x8F-AB
UTC time/date in packet 0x8F-AB
bit field
0
1
PPS referenced to GPS time
PPS referenced to UTC time
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
Command Packet 0x8E-A3: Issue Oscillator Disciplining Command
Use command packet 0x8E-A3 to issue an oscillator disciplining command. The
receiver responds with packet 0x8F-A3 in the same format as packet 0x8E-A3.
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Description
0
1
Subcode
UINT8
0xA3
Disciplining Command UINT8
0
1
2
3
4
5
Place PPS on time (jam sync)
Transition to recovery state
Transition to manual holdover
Transition from manual holdover
Disable oscillator disciplining
Enable oscillator disciplining.
Command Packet 0x8E-A4: Test Modes
ThunderBolt E provides a test mode of operation that allows the user to set the time
and UTC parameters. Packet 0x8F-AC provides a status bit (minor alarm bit 8) to warn
the user that ThunderBolt E is operating in a test mode. The receiver replies with
response packet 8F-A4.
Note – Test mode 3 does not actually cause the receiver to enter a test mode, but instead
provides a means for the user to send UTC parameters to the receiver that will be used in
test mode 1.
Test mode Data field
Description
0
1
Test mode
Test mode
Set this field to 0 to exit test mode and return the receiver to
normal operations. A reset or power cycle will also cause the
receiver to exit test mode.
Setting this field to 1 tells the receiver to enter the user time test
mode. The receiver will set the time to the week number and
TOW sent with this packet. The receiver will then increment this
time once per second. The time in packet 8F-AB will show the
user test time, but all other packets that have time fields will be
unaffected.
Week
This field contains the week number for the user time test mode.
number
Time-of-
Week
This field contains the TOW for the user time test mode.
3
Note – For a more detailed description of UTC parameters, see GPS SPS Signal
Specification
Test Mode
Setting this field to 3 tells the receiver that the following fields
contain the user UTC parameters that are to be used while in test
mode 1.
A_0
This field is the fractional second offset of GPS from UTC at the
reference time in seconds.
A_1
This field is the rate of change of fractional second offset of GPS
from UTC in seconds/second.
delta_t_LS
Current integer leap seconds.
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
A
Test mode Data field
Description
t_ot
This field is the reference time-of-week for the A_0/A_1
parameters.
WN_t
This field is the reference week number for the A_0/A_1
parameters.
WN_LSF
DN
This field is the week number of a future leap second event.
This field is the day number of a future leap second event.
This field is the integer number of future leap seconds.
delta_t_LSF
Command Packet 0x8E-A4 Test Mode 0 Data Format
Byte
Item
Type
Description
0xA4
0
1
Subcode
Test Mode
UINT8
UINT8
0 = Exit test mode
Command Packet 0x8E-A4 Test 1 Mode 1Data Format
Byte
0
Item
Type
Description
Subcode
UINT8
UINT8
UINT16
UINT32
0xA4
1
Test Mode
Week Number
Time of Week
1 = Set absolute time, ignore GPS time
Week number (0-1023)
Seconds (0-604799)
2-3
4-7
Command Packet 0x8E-A4 Test Mode 3 Data Format
Byte
0
Item
Type
Description
0xA4
Subcode
Test Mode
A_0
UINT8
UINT8
Single
Single
SINT16
UINT32
UINT16
UINT16
UINT16
SINT16
1
3 = Send user UTC parameter
Seconds
2-5
6-9
A_1
Seconds/second
Seconds
10-11
12-15
16-17
18-19
20-21
22-23
delta_t_LS
t_ot
Seconds
WN_t
Week number
Week number
Day number (1-7)
Seconds
WN_LSF
DN
delta_t_LSF
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
Command Packet 0x8E-A5: Packet Broadcast Mask
Use command packet 8E-A5 to set the packet broadcast masks or to request the
current mask settings. The receiver replies to requests with response packet 8F-A5. The
broadcast mask is bitwise encoded to allow the user to turn on and off the broadcast of
certain packets. For each bit in the mask that is used, the coding is as follows:
0: Turn off broadcast of this packet
1: Turn on broadcast of this packet
Byte
0
Bit
Item
Type
Description
Subcode
Mask 0
UINT8
bit field
0xA5
1-2
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
8F-AB, Primary Timing Information
Reserved
8F-AC, Supplemental Timing Information
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Automatic Output Packets
Reserved
3-4
Mask 2
bit field
Command Packet 0x8E-A6: Self-Survey Command
Use command packet 8E-A6 to issue a self-survey command to save the current
position in flash, or to delete the position saved in flash. There is no response to this
packet.
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
0
1
Subcode
UINT8
0xA6
Self-survey UINT8
command
0
1
2
Restart self-survey
Save position to flash
Delete position from flash
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
A
Command Packet 0x8E-A8: Set or Request Disciplining Parameters
This packet allows the user to change key disciplining parameters in the receiver. It is
usually intended to be used only when instructed by the factory. Incorrect use of this
packet will most likely cause timing outputs to be degraded severely. However, the
"Type 2" (Recovery Mode) parameters are intended to be set by the user to suit the
application. Send this packet with the type field only to request the current settings.
The receiver replies to sets and requests with the packet 0x8F A8.
Type
Data field
Description
0
Type
A zero in this field indicates that the packet contains loop
dynamics information.
Time Constant
This field carries the time constant of the disciplining control
loop
Damping Factor This field carries the damping of the disciplining control loop.
1
Type
A "1" in this field indicates that the packet contains 10MHz
oscillator parameters.
EXCO Constant This field carries the OCXO constant into Hz/Volt.
The receiver determines this value automatically during a
calibration step run during the Power-Up mode following a reset
or power cycle. This value is therefore ignored by the
Thunderbolt E.
OCXO
Minimum
This field carries the minimum (most negative) control voltage
that can be applied to the 10 MHz oscillator's control voltage
Control Voltage input.
OCXO
Maximum
This field carries the maximum (most positive) control voltage
that can be applied to the 10 MHz oscillator's control voltage
Control Voltage input.
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
Type
Data field
Description
2
Type
A "2" in this field indicates that the packet contains Recovery
Mode parameters. These parameters allow the user to control
the recovery process. During Recovery, The receiver will remove
any PPS offset accumulated during periods of Holdover by either
shifting the PPS into alignment or by shifting the frequency of
the 10 MHz oscillator by a specified amount until the PPS has
slewed back into alignment or by using both methods. The
following two parameters control these methods:
•
•
If a fast recovery is desired, allow jam syncs to be used
If it is important to maintain 10 million clock cycles per PPS
pulse, then disable jam syncs and set the maximum frequency
offset to a tolerable value.
Jam Sync
Threshold
This field carries the jam sync threshold in nanoseconds used
during Recovery mode. While in Recovery Mode, if the PPS offset
is above this threshold, The receiver will automatically perform a
jam sync to shift the PPS into alignment with GPS. The minimum
allowed value is 50 nanoseconds. Setting a value less than or
equal to 0 nanoseconds will disable automatic jam syncs during
Recovery (though the user can still issue a jam sync command
with packet 0x8E-A3).
Maximum
Frequency
Offset
This field carries the maximum allowable frequency offset in ppb
(parts per billion, or 1x10-9) of the 10 MHz oscillator during
Recovery Mode. While in Recovery Mode, The receiver will
remove any PPS offset accumulated during periods of Holdover
by shifting the frequency of the oscillator by an amount up to
the value specified. The minimum allowed value is 5ppb.
3
Type
A "3" in this field indicates that the packet contains the initial
DAC voltage parameter.
Initial DAC
voltage
At reset, the oscillator's frequency control voltage is set to this
value
Command Packet 0x8E-A8 Type 0 Data Format
Byte
0
Item
Type
Description
0xA8
Subcode
UINT8
UINT8
Single
Single
1
Type
0 = loop dynamics
Seconds
2-5
6-9
Time Constant
Damping Factor
Dimensionless
Command Packet 0x8E-A8 Type 1 Data Format
Byte
0
Item
Type
Description
Subcode
UINT8
UINT8
Single
Single
0xA8
1
Type
1 = oscillator parameters
2-5
6-9
10-13
Oscillator Gain Constant
Minimum Control Voltage
Hz/Volt
Volts
Maximum Control Voltage Single
Volts
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A
Command Packet 0x8E-A8 Type 2 Data Format
Byte
0
Item
Type
Description
Subcode
UINT8
UINT8
Single
0xA8
1
Type
2 = recovery mode parameters
nanoseconds
2-5
6-9
Jam Sync Threshold
Maximum Frequency Offset Single
ppb (parts per billion or 1x10-9)
Command Packet 0x8E-A8 Type 3 Data Format
Byte
0
Item
Type
Description
0xA8
Subcode
Type
UINT8
UINT8
Single
1
3 = initial DAC voltage
Volts
2-5
Initial DAC voltage
Command Packet 0x8E-A9: Self-Survey Parameters
Use command packet 8E-A9 to set the self-survey parameters or to request the current
settings. The receiver replies to requests with response packet 8F-A9.
Data field
Description
Self-Survey Enable
Use this field to enabled or disabled the self-survey mechanism.
0: Disable the self-survey mechanism
1: Enable the self-survey mechanism
Position Save Flag
Use this field to tell the self-survey mechanism to automatically save (or
to not save) the self-surveyed position at the end of the self-survey
procedure. This flag also determines how the The receiver will respond
to the saved position it is using for Over-Determined Clock Mode when
the position appears questionable (i.e. if the position may off by a
large amount.) If the flag is set to 0, then a questionable position will
be flagged in packet 0x8F-AC. If the flag is set to 1, then a questionable
position will automatically be deleted.
0: Don't automatically save the surveyed position when self-survey is
complete
1: Automatically save the surveyed position when self-survey is
complete.
Self-Survey Length
Use this field to specify the number of position fixes that are to be
averaged together to form the self-surveyed position used for clock-
only fixes. Limits: 1 to (232 - 1) fixes.
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
Command Packet 8E-A9 Data Format
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Description
0
1
Subcode
UINT8 0xA9
Self-Survey Enable UINT8
0
1
Disabled
Enabled
2
Position Save Flag UINT8
0
1
Don't save position
Save self-surveyed position at the end of
the survey
3-6
Self-Survey Length UINT32 see above Number of fixes
Reserved UINT32 0
7-10
0
Command Packet 0x8E-AB: Request Primary Timing Packet
Use command packet 0x8E-AB to request the Primary Timing packet 0x8F-AB. By
default, the receiver automatically sends packet 0x8F-AB once per second so it is not
necessary to request it. To receive 0x8F-AB information by request only, use packet
0x8E-A5 to disable the automatic output.
The Request Type item determines how the receiver will reply to this command:
Type
Description
0
1
The most current primary timing values will be sent in packet 0x8F-AB immediately.
The response is not sent immediately. Instead packet 0x8F-AB is sent after the next
PPS output. This is the same time that the packet would be automatically sent if
enabled.
2
Same as type 1 except that both 0x8F-AB and 0x8F-AC are sent after the next PPS
output.
Command Packet 0x8E-AB Data Format
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
0
1
Subcode
Request type
UINT8 0xAB
UINT8
0
1
2
Send 0x8F-AB immediately
Send 0x8F-AB on-time next second
Send 0x8F-AB and 0x8F-AC on-time next
second
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A
Command Packet 0x8E-AC: Request Supplementary Timing Packet
Use command packet 8E-AC to request the Supplemental Timing packet 0x8F-AC. By
default, the receiver automatically sends packet 0x8F-AC once per second so it is not
necessary to request it. To receive 0x8F-AC information by request only, use packed
0x8E-A5 to disable the automatic output.
The Request Type item determines how the receiver will reply to this command:
Type
Description
0
1
The most current primary timing values will be sent in packet 0x8F-AC immediately.
The response is not sent immediately. Instead packet 0x8F-AC is sent after the next
PPS output. This is the same time that the packet would be automatically sent if
enabled.
2
Same as type 1 except that both 0x8F-AB and 0x8F-AC are sent after the next PPS
output.
Command Packet 0x8E-AC Data Format
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Meaning
0
1
Subcode
UINT8
0xAC
Request type UINT8
0
1
2
Send 0x8F-AC immediately
Send 0x8F-AC on-time next second
Send 0x8F-AB and 0x8F-AC on-time next
second
Report Packet 0x8F-15 Current Datum Values
This packet contains the values for the datum currently in use and is sent in response
to packet 8E-15. If a built-in datum is being used, both the datum index and the five
double-precision values for that index are returned. If the receiver is operating on a
custom user-entered datum, the datum index is set to -1 and the five values are
displayed. These five values describe an ellipsoid to convert ECEF XYZ coordinate
system into LLA.
Byte
0
Type
Value
Description
Super Packet ID
Datum index (-1 for custom)
DOUBLE
14
1-2
Datum Index
3-10
11-18
19-26
27-34
35-42
DX
meters
meters
meters
meters
DOUBLE
DY
DOUBLE
DZ
DOUBLE
A-axis
DOUBLE
Eccentricity squared none
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
Report Packet 0x8F-41: Stored Manufacturing Operating Parameters
This packet is sent in response to a command 0x8E-41.
Byte
0
Item
Type
Value
Subcode
Reserved
UINT8
UINT16
UINT32
0x41
1-2
3-6
Board serial
number
7
Year of build
Month of build
Day of build
Hour of build
Reserved
UINT8
UINT8
UINT8
UINT8
Single
UINT16
8
9
10
11-14
15-16
Reserved
Report Packet 0x8F-42: Stored Production Parameters
This packet is sent in response to 0x8E-42.
Byte
0
Item
Type
Value
Subcode
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
UINT8
0x42
1
UINT8
2
UINT8
3-4
UINT16
UINT32
UINT32
UINT16
UINT16
UINT16
5-8
9-12
13-14
15-16
17-18
Report Packet 0x8F-4A: Set PPS Characteristics
This is sent in response to a query by packet 0x8E-4A. See the corresponding
command packet for information about the data format.
Report Packet 0x8F-4E: PPS Output
This report packet is output after the command packet 8E-4E has been executed. See
the corresponding command packet for information about the data format.
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A
Report Packet 0x8F-A0: DAC Value
This packet is sent in response to packet 0x8E-A0.
Data field
Description
DAC Value:
The current numeric value of the DAC.
DAC Voltage
DAC Resolution
DAC Data Format
The current output voltage of the DAC in Volts.
The number of bits used in the DAC.
The format of the DAC value.
Minimum DAC Voltage: The minimum (most negative) voltage that the
DAC can produce.
Maximum DAC Voltage: The maximum (most positive) voltage that the
DAC can produce
Report Packet 0x8F-A0 Data Format
Byte
0
Item
Type
Value
Description
Subcode
UINT8
UINT32
Single
UINT8
0xA0
1-4
5-8
9
DAC Value
DAC Voltage
DAC Resolution
Value
Volts
Number of bits
Offset binary
2's complement
Volts
10
DAC data format UINT8
0
1
11-14
15-18
Min DAC voltage Single
Max DAC voltage Single
Volts
Report Packet 0x8F-A2: UTC/GPS Timing
This packet is sent in response to command packet 0x8E-A2. See the corresponding
command packet for information about the data format.
Report Packet 0x8F-A3: Oscillator Disciplining Command
This packet is sent in response to command packet 0x8E-A3. See the corresponding
command packet for information about the data format.
Report Packet 0x8F-A4: Test Modes
This packet is sent in response to command packet 0x8E-A4. See the corresponding
command packet for information about the data format.
Report Packet 0x8F-A5: Packet Broadcast Mask
This packet is sent in response to 0x8E-A5 command and describes which packets are
currently automatically broadcast. A '0' in a bit field turns off broadcast, and a '1' in a bit
field enables broadcast. See the corresponding command packet for information about
the data format.
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Report Packet 0x8F-A6: Self-Survey Command
This packet is sent in response to command packet 0x8E-A6. See the corresponding
command packet for information about the data format.
Report Packet 0x8F-A8: Oscillator Disciplining Parameters
This packet is sent in response to command packet 0x8E-A8. See the corresponding
command packet for information about the data format.
Report Packet 0x8F-A9: Self-Survey Parameters
Packet 0x8F-A9 is sent in response to command packet 0x8E-A9 and describes the
current self-survey parameters. See the corresponding command packet for
information about the data format.
Report Packet 0x8F-AB:Primary Timing Packet
This packet provides time information once per second. GPS week number, GPS time-
of-week (TOW), UTC integer offset, time flags, date and time-of-day (TOD)
information is provided. This packet can be requested or enabled for automatic
broadcast once per second. If enabled, this packet will be transmitted shortly after the
PPS pulse to which it refers.
Data field
Description
Time of Week
This field represents the number of seconds since Sunday at 00:00:00 GPS
time for the current GPS week. Time of week is often abbreviated as TOW.
Week Number This field represents the current GPS week number. GPS week number 0
started on January 6, 1980.
UTC Offset
This field represents the current integer leap second offset between GPS
and UTC according to the relationship: Time (UTC) = Time (GPS) - UTC Offset.
The UTC offset information is reported to the receiver by the GPS system
and can take up to 12.5 minutes to obtain. Before the receiver has received
UTC information from the GPS system, it is only capable of representing
time in the GPS time scale, and the UTC offset will be shown as 0.
Timing Flags:
This field is bitwise encoded to provide information about the timing
outputs. Unused bits are should be ignored.
•
Bit 0: When 0, the date and time fields broadcast in packet 8F-AB are in
the GPS time scale. When 1, these fields are in the UTC time scale and are
adjusted for leap seconds. Use command packet 8E-A2 to select either
GPS or UTC time scales.
•
Bit 1: When 0, the PPS output is aligned to GPS. When 1, the PPS output
is aligned to UTC. Use command packet 8E-A2 to select either GPS or UTC
PPS alignment.
•
•
•
Bit 2: When 0, time has been set from GPS. When 1, time has net yet
been set from GPS.
Bit 3: When 0, UTC offset information has been received. When 1, UTC
offset information is not yet known.
Bit 4: When 0, time is coming from GPS. When 1, The receiver is in a test
mode and time is being generated by the test mode selected by the user.
See packet 8E-A4, Test Modes.
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A
Data field
Description
The time of day is sent in hours-minutes-seconds format and varies from
Time of Day
00:00:00 to 23:59:59, except when time is in UTC and a leap second insertion
occurs. In this case the time will transition from 23:59:59 to 23:59:59 to
00:00:00. Use command packet 8E-A2 to select either the GPS or UTC time
scale.
Date
The date is sent in day-month-year format. Use command packet 8E A2 to
select either the GPS or UTC time scale.
Report Packet 0x8F-AB
Byte
0
Bit
Item
Type
Value
Description
Subcode
UINT8
0xAB
1-4
5-6
7-8
9
Time of week
Week Number
UTC Offset
Timing Flag
UINT32
UINT16
SINT16
bit field
GPS seconds of week
GPS Week Number
UTC Offset (seconds)
0
1
2
3
4
0
1
GPS time
UTC time
0
1
GPS PPS
UTC PPS
0
1
time is set
time is not set
0
1
have UTC info
no UTC info
0
1
time from GPS
time from user
10
Seconds
Minutes
Hours
UINT8
UINT8
UINT8
UINT8
UINT8
UINT16
0-59
0-59
0-23
1-31
1-12
Seconds
11
Minutes
12
Hours
13
Day of Month
Month
Day of Month
Month of Year
Four digits of Year
14
15-16
Year
Report Packet 0x8F-AC: Supplemental Timing Packet
This packet provides supplemental timing information once per second. Information
regarding position, unit status and health, and the operational state of the unit is
provided. This packet can be requested or enabled for automatic broadcast once per
second. When enabled, this packet is transmitted once per second shortly after packet
0x8F-AB.
The position sent in packet 0x8F-AC depends on the Receiver Operating Mode and on
self-survey activity. When a self-survey is in progress, the position sent is the running
average of all of the position fixes collected so far. When the self-survey ends or
whenever the receiver is using a time-only operating mode, then the position sent is
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
the accurate position the receiver is using to perform time-only fixes. When the self-
survey is disabled or otherwise inactive and the receiver is using a position fix
operating mode, then the position sent is the position fix computed on the last second.
Data field
Receiver Mode
Description
This field shows the fix mode that the GPS receiver is currently configured for. The
receiver spends most of its time in the Over-Determined Clock Mode where it uses all
available satellites to perform the best time-only fix possible. See packet 0xBB for a
description of all available receiver modes.
Self-Survey Progress When a self-survey procedure is in progress, this field shows the progress of the survey as
a percentage of fixes collected so far. The self-survey will be complete when the self-
survey progress reaches 100 percent. This field only has meaning while a self-survey is in
progress.
Holdover Duration
When in the Manual or Auto Holdover state, this field shows the amount of time spent in
holdover in seconds. When the unit is not in a holdover state, this field shows the amount
of time the receiver spent the last time it was in a holdover state.
Critical Alarms
This field is bitwise encoded with critical alarms indicators. A critical alarm indicates a
condition that would tend to severely impair the function of the receiver. For each bit, a
value of 0 means that the condition is not indicated. Bits not described below should be
ignored.
Bit4: When 1, indicates that the oscillator control voltage is at a rail. If this condition
persists then the Min-T can no longer bring the frequency of the oscillator into alignment
with GPS and is most likely in need of a new oscillator. This condition should not occur
within 15 years of operation.
Minor Alarms
This field is bitwise encoded with several minor alarm indicators. A minor alarm indicates
a condition that the user should be alerted to, but does not indicate an immediate (or
necessarily any) impairment of functionality. For each bit, a value of 0 means that the
condition is not indicated. Bits not described below should be ignored.
•
Bit 0: When 1, indicates that the oscillator control voltage is near a rail. If this
condition persists, then the oscillator is within 2 years of becoming untunable, at
which point the unit will need a new oscillator. This condition should not occur for at
least 12 years of use and is a result of oscillator crystal aging.
•
Bit 1: When 1, indicates that the antenna input connection is open. More precisely,
this bit indicates that the antenna input is not drawing sufficient current. Normally,
The receiver provides power to the antenna's LNA (Low Noise Amplifier) through the
center conductor of the antenna cable. On-board circuitry senses this current draw,
and if low, this condition will be indicated. However, when the antenna is powered
elsewhere (e.g., when using a splitter) then an antenna open condition is expected
and does not imply a fault nor does it impair the operation of the receiver.
•
Bit 2: When 1, indicates that the antenna input is shorted. More precisely, this bit
indicates that the antenna input is drawing too much current. On-board protection
circuitry prevents any damage to The receiver when its antenna input is shorted to
ground. This condition tends to indicates a fault in either the antenna cable or the
antenna itself.
•
•
Bit 3: When 1, indicates that no satellites are usable. In order for a satellite to be
usable, it must be tracked long enough to obtain ephemeris and health data.
Bit 4: When 1, indicates that the oscillator is not being disciplined to GPS. Before the
Mini- T can begin disciplining the oscillator, it must begin receiving information from
the GPS receiver. This occurs any time that the receiver is performing fixes.
•
•
•
Bit 5: When 1, indicates that a self-survey procedure is in progress.
Bit 6: When 1, indicates that there is no accurate position stored in flash ROM.
Bit 7: When 1, indicates that the GPS system has alerted the receiver that a leap
second transition is pending.
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
A
Data field
Description
•
Bit 8: When 1, indicates that The receiver is operating in one of its test modes (see
packet 0x8E- A4.)
•
Bit 9: When 1, indicates that the accuracy of the position used for time only fixes is
questionable. This alarm may indicate that the unit has been moved since the unit
completed the last self-survey. If this alarm persists, re-survey the position of the unit.
Minor Alarms (cont.) • Bit 10: When 1, indicates that at reset, one or more EEPROM segments were found to
be corrupt and had to be set to factory default settings. Use packet 0x3F-11 / 5F-11 to
retrieve details about which segments were corrupt and to clear this bit.
GPS Decoding Status This field indicates the decoding status of the GPS receiver.
Disciplining Activity This field indicates the current activity of the disciplining mechanism.
PPS Offset
This field carries the estimate of the offset of the PPS output relative to UTC or GPS as
reported by the GPS receiver in nanoseconds. Positive values indicate that the receiver's
PPS is coming out late relative to GPS or UTC.
Frequency Offset
DAC Value
This field carries the estimate of the frequency offset of the 10MHz output relative to
UTC or GPS as reported by the GPS receiver in ppb (parts-per-billion.) Positive values
indicate that the receiver's clock is running slow relative to GPS or UTC.
This field shows the numeric value of the DAC used to produce the voltage that controls
the frequency of the 10MHz oscillator.
DAC Voltage
Temperature
This field shows the voltage output of the DAC.
This field shows the temperature (in Celsius) as reported by the receiver's on-board
temperature sensor.
Latitude
Longitude
Altitude
This field carries the latitude of the position being shown. The units are in radians and
vary from -pi/2 to +pi/2. Negative values represent southern latitudes. Positive values
represent northern latitudes.
This field carries the longitude of the position being shown. The units are in radians and
vary from -pi to +pi. Negative values represent western longitudes. Positive values
represent eastern longitudes.
This field carries the altitude of the position being shown. The units are in meters (WGS-
84.)
PPS Quantization
Error
This field carries the PPS quantization error in units of nanoseconds of an internal PPS
signal. This value is not useful on a ThunderBolt E since the PPS output is derived from a
disciplined oscillator and therefore does not have any quantization error
Report Packet 0x8F-AC
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Description
0
Subcode
UINT8
UINT8
0xAC
Receiver Mode
0
1
3
4
7
0
1
2
3
4
Automatic (2D/3D)
Single Satellite (Time)
Horizontal (2D)
Full Position (3D)
Over-Determined Clock
Normal (Locked to GPS)
Power Up
2
Disciplining Mode
UINT8
Auto Holdover
Manual Holdover
Recovery
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
Byte
Item
Type
Value
Description
5
6
Not used
Disciplining Disabled
0-100%
3
Self-Survey Progress
Holdover Duration
Critical Alarms
UINT8
4-7
8-9
10-11
UINT32
UINT16
UINT16
0
Seconds
Bit field
Bit field
Bit 4: DAC at rail
Minor Alarms
Bit 0: DAC near rail
Bit 1: Antenna open
Bit 2: Antenna shorted
Bit 3: Not tracking satellites
Bit 4: Not disciplining oscillator
Bit 5: Survey-in progress
Bit 6: No stored position
Bit 7: Leap second pending
Bit 8: In test mode
Bit 9: Position is questionable
Bit 10: Not used
Bit 11: Almanac not complete
Bit 12: PPS not generated
Doing fixes
12
GPS Decoding Status
UINT8
0x00
0x01
0x03
0x08
0x09
0x0A
0x0B
0x0C
0x10
0
Don't have GPS time
PDOP is too high
No usable sats
Only 1 usable sat
Only 2 usable sats
Only 3 usable sats
The chosen sat is unusable
TRAIM rejected the fix
Phase locking
13
Disciplining Activity
UINT8
1
Oscillator warm-up
Frequency locking
Placing PPS
2
3
4
Initializing loop filter
Compensating OCXO (holdover)
Inactive
5
6
7
Not used
8
Recovery mode
9
Calibration/control voltage
14
Spare Status 1
Spare Status 2
PPS Offset
UINT8
UINT8
Single
Single
UINT32
0
15
0
16-19
20-23
24-27
ns
Clock Offset
DAC Value
ppb
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Trimble Standard Interface Protocol
A
Byte
28-31
32-35
36-43
44-51
52-59
60-63
64-67
Item
Type
Value
Description
Volts
DAC Voltage
Temperature
Latitude
Single
Single
Double
Double
Double
degrees C
radians
Longitude
Altitude
radians
meters
PPS Quantization Error Single
Spare
ns
Future expansion
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NORTH AMERICA
Trimble Navigation Limited
Corporate Headquarters
935 Stewart Drive
EUROPE
Trimble Navigation Europe
Phone: +49-6142-2100-161
KOREA
Trimble Export Ltd, Korea
Phone: +82 2 555 5361
CHINA
Trimble Navigation Ltd, China
Phone: +86-21-6391-7814
TAIWAN
Trimble Navigation, Taiwan
Phone: +886-02-85096574
Sunnyvale, CA 94086
+1-800-787-4225
+1-408-481-7741
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