Teledyne Doll 200AU User Manual

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

MODEL 200AU

NITROGEN OXIDES ANALYZER

TELEDYNE INSTRUMENTS

ADVANCED POLLUTION INSTRUMENTATION DIVISION

(T-API)

6565 NANCY RIDGE DRIVE

SAN DIEGO, CA 92121-2251

TOLL-FREE: 800-324-5190

FAX: 858-657-9816

TEL: 858-657-9800

E-MAIL: [email protected]

WEB SITE: www.teledyne-api.com

02293

REV. F

07/06/99

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SAFETY MESSAGES .........................................................................................II

TABLE OF CONTENTS.....................................................................................III

LIST OF FIGURES........................................................................................... VII

LIST OF TABLES............................................................................................ VIII

1 HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL..................................................................... 1-1

2 GETTING STARTED.................................................................................... 2-1

2.1 UNPACKING....................................................................................................................2-1

2.2 ELECTRICAL AND PNEUMATIC CONNECTIONS ....................................................................2-1

2.3 INITIAL OPERATION .........................................................................................................2-6

3 SPECIFICATIONS, AGENCY APPROVALS, WARRANTY ........................ 3-1

3.1 SPECIFICATIONS.............................................................................................................3-1

3.2 EPA EQUIVALENCY DESIGNATION ...................................................................................3-2

3.3 WARRANTY ....................................................................................................................3-3

4 THE M200AU NO_XANALYZER................................................................... 4-1

4.1 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION...............................................................................................4-1

4.2 OPERATION SUMMARY ....................................................................................................4-3

4.2.1 Sensor Module, Reaction Cell, Detector................................................................4-3

4.2.2 Pneumatic Sensor Board.......................................................................................4-3

4.2.3 Computer Hardware and Software ........................................................................4-4

4.2.4 V/F Board ..............................................................................................................4-4

4.2.5 Front Panel............................................................................................................4-5

4.2.6 Power Supply Module............................................................................................4-7

4.2.7 Pump, Valves, Pneumatic System.........................................................................4-7

4.2.8 Ozone Generator...................................................................................................4-7

4.2.9 Molybdenum Converter – Ozone Scrubber ...........................................................4-8

5 SOFTWARE FEATURES............................................................................. 5-1

5.1 INDEX TO FRONT PANEL MENUS......................................................................................5-1

5.1.1 Sample Menu ........................................................................................................5-4

5.1.2 Set-Up Menu .........................................................................................................5-6

iii

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

5.2 SAMPLE MODE .............................................................................................................5-10

5.2.1 Test Functions.....................................................................................................5-10

5.2.2 CAL, CALS, CALZ, Calibration Functions............................................................5-13

5.3 SET-UP MODE .............................................................................................................5-16

5.3.1 Configuration Information (CFG) .........................................................................5-16

5.3.2 Automatic Calibration (AutoCal) ..........................................................................5-16

5.3.3 Data Acquisition System (DAS)...........................................................................5-16

5.3.4 Range Menu........................................................................................................5-19

5.3.5 Password Enable.................................................................................................5-21

5.3.6 Time of Day Clock ...............................................................................................5-22

5.3.7 Diagnostic Mode..................................................................................................5-22

5.3.8 Communications Menu........................................................................................5-22

5.3.9 Variables Menu (VARS) ......................................................................................5-22

5.3.10 M200AU Operating Modes................................................................................5-22

5.4 STATUS OUTPUT ..........................................................................................................5-23

5.5 RS-232 INTERFACE......................................................................................................5-24

5.5.1 Setting Up the RS-232 Interface..........................................................................5-25

5.5.2 Command Summary............................................................................................5-28

5.5.3 TEST Commands and Messages........................................................................5-32

5.5.4 WARNING Commands and Messages................................................................5-33

5.5.5 CALIBRATION Commands and Messages.........................................................5-34

5.5.6 DIAGNOSTIC Commands and Messages...........................................................5-36

5.5.7 DAS Commands and Message ...........................................................................5-37

5.5.8 Internal Variables.................................................................................................5-39

6 OPTIONAL HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE............................................... 6-1

6.1 RACK MOUNT OPTIONS...................................................................................................6-1

6.2 ZERO/SPAN VALVES .......................................................................................................6-1

6.3 AUTOCAL - SETUP ZERO/SPAN VALVES............................................................................6-2

6.4 4-20 MA, CURRENT LOOP OUTPUT..................................................................................6-4

6.5 NO_YCONVERTER ...........................................................................................................6-4

7 CALIBRATION & ZERO/SPAN CHECKS ................................................... 7-1

7.1 MANUAL ZERO/SPAN CHECK OR CAL WITH ZERO/SPAN GAS IN THE SAMPLE PORT..............7-4

7.2 MANUAL ZERO/SPAN CHECK OR CALIBRATION WITH ZERO/SPAN VALVES OPTION ...............7-6

7.3 AUTOMATIC ZERO/SPAN CHECK ......................................................................................7-7

7.4 DYNAMIC ZERO/SPAN CALIBRATION .................................................................................7-7

7.5 USE OF ZERO/SPAN VALVES WITH REMOTE CONTACT CLOSURE ........................................7-8

7.6 EPA PROTOCOL CALIBRATION ........................................................................................7-9

7.6.1 Calibration of Equipment .......................................................................................7-9

7.6.2 Calibration Gas and Zero Air Sources.................................................................7-11

7.6.3 Data Recording Device........................................................................................7-12

7.6.4 Gas Phase Titration (GPT) System .....................................................................7-12

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

7.6.5 Dynamic Multipoint Calibration Procedure...........................................................7-16

7.6.6 Moly Converter Efficiency....................................................................................7-23

7.6.7 Calibration Frequency .........................................................................................7-25

7.6.8 Other Quality Assurance Procedures ..................................................................7-25

7.6.9 Summary of Quality Assurance Checks ..............................................................7-27

7.6.10 ZERO and SPAN Checks..................................................................................7-29

7.6.11 Recommended Standards for Establishing Traceability ....................................7-30

7.6.12 Certification Procedures of Working Standards.................................................7-31

7.7 CALIBRATION OF INDEPENDENT RANGES OR AUTORANGING .............................................7-32

7.7.1 Zero Calibration with AutoRange or Independent Range ....................................7-32

7.7.2 Span Calibration with AutoRange or Independent Range ...................................7-33

7.8 CALIBRATION QUALITY ..................................................................................................7-33

7.9 REFERENCES ...............................................................................................................7-35

8 MAINTENANCE ........................................................................................... 8-1

8.1 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE ...............................................................................................8-1

8.2 REPLACING THE SAMPLE PARTICULATE FILTER .................................................................8-3

8.3 SAMPLE PUMP MAINTENANCE..........................................................................................8-5

8.4 CLEANING THE REACTION CELL .......................................................................................8-7

8.5 REPLACING THE MOLYBDENUM CONVERTER .....................................................................8-9

8.6 PNEUMATIC LINE INSPECTION ........................................................................................8-11

8.7 LEAK CHECK PROCEDURE.............................................................................................8-15

8.8 LIGHT LEAK CHECK PROCEDURE ...................................................................................8-16

8.9 PROM REPLACEMENT PROCEDURE ................................................................................8-16

9 TROUBLESHOOTING, ADJUSTMENTS .................................................... 9-1

9.1 OPERATION VERIFICATION-M200AU DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES.........................................9-3

9.1.1 Fault Diagnosis with TEST Variables ....................................................................9-3

9.1.2 Fault Diagnosis with WARNING Messages...........................................................9-8

9.1.3 Fault Diagnosis using DIAGNOSTIC Mode .........................................................9-11

9.1.4 M200AU Internal Variables..................................................................................9-19

9.1.5 Test Channel Analog Output ...............................................................................9-21

9.1.6 Factory Calibration Procedure.............................................................................9-23

9.2 PERFORMANCE PROBLEMS............................................................................................9-26

9.2.1 AC Power Check .................................................................................................9-26

9.2.2 Flow Check..........................................................................................................9-27

9.2.3 No Response to Sample Gas ..............................................................................9-27

9.2.4 Negative Output...................................................................................................9-28

9.2.5 Excessive Noise ..................................................................................................9-28

9.2.6 Unstable Span.....................................................................................................9-29

9.2.7 Unstable Zero......................................................................................................9-30

9.2.8 Inability to Span...................................................................................................9-30

9.2.9 Inability to Zero....................................................................................................9-31

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.2.10 Non-Linear Response........................................................................................9-31

9.2.11 Slow Response..................................................................................................9-32

9.2.12 Analog Output Doesn't Agree with Display Concentration.................................9-32

9.3 SUBSYSTEM TROUBLESHOOTING AND ADJUSTMENTS.......................................................9-32

9.3.1 Computer, Display, Keyboard..............................................................................9-32

9.3.2 RS-232 Communications.....................................................................................9-36

9.3.3 Voltage/Frequency (V/F) Board...........................................................................9-39

9.3.4 Status/Temp Board..............................................................................................9-45

9.3.5 Power Supply Module..........................................................................................9-47

9.3.6 Ozone Generator.................................................................................................9-52

9.3.7 Flow/Pressure Sensor .........................................................................................9-55

9.3.8 NO_xSensor Module.............................................................................................9-60

9.3.9 Z/S Valves...........................................................................................................9-64

9.3.10 Pneumatic System.............................................................................................9-65

10 M200AU SPARE PARTS LIST ................................................................ 10-1

APPENDIX A ELECTRICAL SCHEMATICS ..................................................A-1

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE 2-1: REMOVAL OF SHIPPING SCREWS & CHECK FOR CORRECT POWER ..........................2-3

FIGURE 2-2: REAR PANEL........................................................................................................2-4

FIGURE 2-3: INLET AND EXHAUST VENTING ...............................................................................2-5

FIGURE 2-4: FRONT PANEL....................................................................................................2-10

FIGURE 2-5: ASSEMBLY LAYOUT ............................................................................................2-11

FIGURE 4-1: BLOCK DIAGRAM..................................................................................................4-2

FIGURE 5-1: SAMPLE MENU TREE ............................................................................................5-2

FIGURE 5-2: SETUP MENU TREE ..............................................................................................5-3

FIGURE 7-1: CALIBRATION SETUP ............................................................................................7-3

FIGURE 7-2: DIAGRAM OF GPT CALIBRATION SYSTEM.............................................................7-18

FIGURE 8-1: REPLACING THE PARTICULATE FILTER ...................................................................8-4

FIGURE 8-2: SAMPLE PUMP ASSEMBLY.....................................................................................8-6

FIGURE 8-3: REACTION CELL ASSEMBLY ..................................................................................8-8

FIGURE 8-4: MOLYBDENUM CONVERTER ASSEMBLY ................................................................8-10

FIGURE 8-5: PNEUMATIC DIAGRAM - STANDARD CONFIGURATION.............................................8-12

FIGURE 8-6: PNEUMATIC DIAGRAM WITH ZERO/SPAN VALVE OPTION ........................................8-13

FIGURE 8-7: PNEUMATIC DIAGRAM WITH EXTERNAL CONVERTER OPTION .................................8-14

FIGURE 9-1: SPAN CALIBRATION VOLTAGE .............................................................................9-25

FIGURE 9-2: CPU BOARD JUMPER SETTINGS .........................................................................9-34

FIGURE 9-3: RS-232 PIN ASSIGNMENTS ...............................................................................9-38

FIGURE 9-4: V/F BOARD SETTINGS........................................................................................9-44

FIGURE 9-5: POWER SUPPLY MODULE LAYOUT.......................................................................9-49

FIGURE 9-6: ELECTRICAL BLOCK DIAGRAM .............................................................................9-50

FIGURE 9-7: OZONE GENERATOR SUBSYSTEM........................................................................9-54

FIGURE 9-8: FLOW/PRESSURE SENSOR..................................................................................9-57

FIGURE 9-9: NO_XSENSOR MODULE .......................................................................................9-58

FIGURE 9-10: NO_XSENSOR MODULE .....................................................................................9-59

FIGURE 9-11: PMT COOLER SUBSYSTEM...............................................................................9-61

FIGURE 9-12: HIGH VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY........................................................................9-63

vii

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 2-1: FINAL TEST AND CALIBRATION VALUES..................................................................2-12

TABLE 2-1: FINAL TEST AND CALIBRATION VALUES (CONTINUED) .............................................2-13

TABLE 4-1: FRONT PANEL STATUS LED'S.................................................................................4-6

TABLE 4-2: OZONE GENERATOR START-UP TIMING....................................................................4-8

TABLE 5-1: SAMPLE MENU ......................................................................................................5-4

TABLE 5-2: SAMPLE MENU ......................................................................................................5-5

TABLE 5-3: SETUP MENU.........................................................................................................5-6

TABLE 5-3: SETUP MENU (CONTINUED)....................................................................................5-7

TABLE 5-4: SETUP MENU.........................................................................................................5-8

TABLE 5-5: SETUP MENU.........................................................................................................5-9

TABLE 5-6: DAS DATA CHANNEL EDITING ..............................................................................5-19

TABLE 5-7: CALIBRATE, SETUP PASSWORDS ..........................................................................5-21

TABLE 5-8: M200AU OPERATING MODES ..............................................................................5-23

TABLE 5-9: STATUS OUTPUT PIN ASSIGNMENTS......................................................................5-24

TABLE 5-10: RS-232 PORT SETUP - FRONT PANEL ................................................................5-25

TABLE 5-11: RS-232 SWITCHING FROM TERMINAL MODE TO COMPUTER MODE .......................5-27

TABLE 5-12: RS-232 TERMINAL MODE EDITING KEYS.............................................................5-27

TABLE 5-13: RS-232 COMMAND SUMMARY............................................................................5-29

TABLE 5-14: RS-232 COMMAND SUMMARY............................................................................5-30

TABLE 5-15: RS-232 INTERFACE COMMAND TYPES ................................................................5-31

TABLE 5-16: RS-232 TEST MESSAGES ..................................................................................5-32

TABLE 5-17: RS-232 WARNING MESSAGES ...........................................................................5-33

TABLE 5-18: RS-232 CALIBRATION COMMANDS......................................................................5-34

TABLE 5-19: RS-232 CALIBRATION EXAMPLES .......................................................................5-35

TABLE 5-20: RS-232 CALIBRATION MESSAGES ......................................................................5-36

TABLE 5-21: RS-232 DIAGNOSTIC COMMAND SUMMARY .........................................................5-37

TABLE 6-1: ZERO/SPAN VALVE OPERATION ..............................................................................6-1

TABLE 6-2: EXAMPLE OF AUTOCAL SETUP................................................................................6-4

TABLE 7-1: TYPES OF ZERO/SPAN CHECK AND CALIBRATION .....................................................7-2

TABLE 7-2: MANUAL ZERO CALIBRATION PROCEDURE - ZERO GAS THRU SAMPLE PORT ..............7-4

TABLE 7-3: ENTER EXPECTED SPAN GAS CONCENTRATIONS PROCEDURE ..................................7-5

TABLE 7-4: MANUAL SPAN CALIBRATION PROCEDURE - SPAN GAS THRU SAMPLE PORT ..............7-5

TABLE 7-5: MANUAL ZERO CALIBRATION PROCEDURE - Z/S VALVES ..........................................7-6

TABLE 7-6: MANUAL SPAN CALIBRATION PROCEDURE - Z/S VALVES ..........................................7-7

TABLE 7-7: ENABLING DYNAMIC ZERO/SPAN.............................................................................7-8

TABLE 7-8: Z/S VALVES MODES WITH REMOTE CONTACT CLOSURE ...........................................7-9

TABLE 7-9: ACTIVITY MATRIX FOR CALIBRATION EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES ..............................7-10

TABLE 7-10: ACTIVITY MATRIX FOR CALIBRATION PROCEDURE.................................................7-11

TABLE 7-11: ZERO CALIBRATION PROCEDURE ........................................................................7-19

TABLE 7-12: EXPECTED SPAN GAS CONCENTRATION PROCEDURE...........................................7-20

viii

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

TABLE 7-13: SPAN CALIBRATION PROCEDURE.........................................................................7-20

TABLE 7-14: AUTOMATIC CALCULATION OF CONVERTER EFFICIENCY ........................................7-24

TABLE 7-15: DEFINITION OF LEVEL 1 AND LEVEL 2 ZERO AND SPAN CHECKS ............................7-26

TABLE 7-16: ACTIVITY MATRIX FOR DATA QUALITY..................................................................7-28

TABLE 7-17: NIST-SRM'S AVAILABLE FOR TRACEABILITY OF CALIBRATION AND AUDIT GAS STANDARDS

........................................................................................................................7-31

TABLE 7-18: CALIBRATION QUALITY CHECK ............................................................................7-34

TABLE 8-1: PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE................................................................8-1

TABLE 8-2: PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE CALENDAR...............................................................8-2

TABLE 9-1: TEST FUNCTIONS...................................................................................................9-4

TABLE 9-1: TEST FUNCTIONS (CONTINUED) ..............................................................................9-5

TABLE 9-1: TEST FUNCTIONS (CONTINUED) ..............................................................................9-6

TABLE 9-1: TEST FUNCTIONS (CONTINUED) ..............................................................................9-7

TABLE 9-2: FRONT PANEL WARNING MESSAGES .......................................................................9-9

TABLE 9-2: FRONT PANEL WARNING MESSAGES (CONTINUED).................................................9-10

TABLE 9-3: SUMMARY OF DIAGNOSTIC MODES........................................................................9-12

TABLE 9-4: DIAGNOSTIC MODE - SIGNAL I/O...........................................................................9-13

TABLE 9-4: DIAGNOSTIC MODE - SIGNAL I/O (CONTINUED)......................................................9-14

TABLE 9-4: DIAGNOSTIC MODE - SIGNAL I/O (CONTINUED)......................................................9-15

TABLE 9-4: DIAGNOSTIC MODE - SIGNAL I/O (CONTINUED)......................................................9-16

TABLE 9-5: MODEL 200AU VARIABLES...................................................................................9-20

TABLE 9-6: TEST CHANNEL READINGS....................................................................................9-21

TABLE 9-6: TEST CHANNEL READINGS (CONTINUED) ...............................................................9-22

TABLE 9-7: MOTHERBOARD JUMPER SETTINGS .......................................................................9-41

TABLE 9-8: V/F BOARD SWITCH SETTINGS .............................................................................9-42

TABLE 9-9: POWER SUPPLY MODULE SUBASSEMBLIES ............................................................9-48

TABLE 9-10: POWER SUPPLY MODULE LED OPERATION .........................................................9-51

TABLE 9-11: OZONE GENERATOR CONTROL CONDITIONS ........................................................9-53

TABLE 10-1: TELEDYNE API M200AU SPARE PARTS LIST...................................................10-1

TABLE 10-1: TELEDYNE API M200AU SPARE PARTS LIST (CONTINUED) ..............................10-2

TABLE 10-2: TELEDYNE API MODEL 200AU EXPENDABLE KIT ...........................................10-3

TABLE A-1: ELECTRICAL SCHEMATICS ..................................................................................... A-1

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

INTENTIONALLY BLANK

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

1 HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL

The Model 200AU has been designed to provide serviceability, reliability and ease of operation.

The M200AU’s microprocessor continually checks operating parameters such as temperature,

flow, and critical voltages. The instrument’s modular design uses captive screws to facilitate

repair and ease of access. If you encounter any difficulty refer to Section 9 General

Troubleshooting Hints.

We recognize that the need for information in this manual changes as time passes. When the

instrument first arrives, it is necessary to get it up and running quickly and verify its correct

operation. As time passes, more detailed information is often required on special configurations,

calibration alternatives and other operational details. Finally there is the need for periodic

maintenance and to quickly troubleshoot problems to assure maximum reliability and data

integrity.

To address these needs, we have created three indexes to the information inside. They are:

Table of Contents:

Outlines the contents of the manual in the order the information is presented. This is a good

overview of the topics covered in the manual. There is also a list of Tables and a list of Figures.

Index to M200AU Front Panel Menus:

The Menu Index (Figure 5-1, Figure 5-2, Table 5-1 and Table 5-2) briefly describes the front

panel menus and refers you to other sections of the manual that have a detailed explanation of

each menu selection.

Troubleshooting Section 9:

The Troubleshooting Section, outlined in the Table of Contents, allows you to diagnose and

repair the instrument based on variables in the TEST menu, the results of DIAGNOSTIC tests,

and performance faults such as excessive noise or drift. The troubleshooting section also

explains the operation, adjustment, diagnosis and testing of each instrument subsystem.

If you are unpacking the instrument for the first time, please refer to Getting Started in

Section 2.

1-1

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INTENTIONALLY BLANK

1-2

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

2 GETTING STARTED

2.1 Unpacking

Verify that there is no apparent shipping damage. If damage has occurred please advise

shipper first, then Teledyne API.

CAUTION

To avoid personal injury, always use two persons to

lift and carry the Model 200AU.

Before operation, it is necessary to remove the shipping hold-down screws. Remove the

instrument cover, then refer to Figure 2-1 for screw location.

Also check for internal shipping damage, and generally inspect the interior of the

instrument to make sure all circuit boards and other components are in good shape.

Please check the voltage and frequency label on the rear panel of the instrument for

compatibility with the local power before plugging in the M200AU.

2.2 Electrical and Pneumatic Connections

Refer to Figure 2-2 to locate the rear panel electrical and pneumatic connections.

Attach the pump to the Exhaust Out port on the instrument rear panel.

If you are connecting to a calibrator, attach a vented sample inlet line to the sample inlet

port. The pressure of the sample gas at the inlet port should be at ambient pressure. The

exhaust from the pump should be vented to atmospheric pressure. See Figure 2-3 for inlet

and exhaust line venting recommendations during calibration.

If desired, attach the analog output connections to a strip chart recorder and/or

datalogger. Refer to Figure 9-4 for the jumper settings for the desired analog output voltage

range. Factory default setting is 0-5VDC.

Connect the power cord to the correct voltage line, then turn to Section 2.3 Initial

Operation.

2-1

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

WARNING

Analyzer Exhaust –Sample Pump

For brief periods after power-up, analyzer

exhaust may contain ozone.

Make sure pump exhaust is routed to well ventilated

area at atmospheric pressure.

WARNING

Lethal voltages present inside case.

Do not operate with cover off during normal operation.

Before operation check for correct input voltage and frequency for

both the analyzer and the sample pump.

Do not operate without proper chassis grounding.

Do not defeat the ground wire on power plug.

Turn off analyzer power before disconnecting

electrical subassemblies.

2-2

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 2-1: Removal of Shipping Screws & Check for Correct Power

2-3

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 2-2: Rear Panel

2-4

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 2-3: Inlet and Exhaust Venting

2-5

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

2.3 Initial Operation

After confirming proper supply voltage, turn on the instrument power.

The display should immediately light, displaying the instrument type (M200AU) and the

computer's memory configuration. If you are unfamiliar with the M200AU, we recommend

that you read the overview Section 4 before proceeding. A diagram of the software menu

trees is in Figure 5-1 and Figure 5-2.

The M200AU requires about 30 minutes for all internal components to come up to

temperature. During this time the ozone generator power is OFF until the membrane dryer

has time to purge itself, therefore there will be no response from the instrument, even if span

gas is coming in the sample port. During this time temperatures and other conditions are out

of specification. Because many warning conditions could be displayed the software

suppresses warning conditions for 30 minutes after power up. After 30 minutes, warning

messages will be displayed until the respective warning conditions are within specifications.

Use the CLR key on the front panel to clear warning messages.

While waiting for instrument temperatures to come up, you can check for correct

operation by using some of the M200AU's diagnostic and test features.

Examine the TEST functions by comparing the values listed in Table 2-1 to those in the

display. Remember that as the instrument warms up the values may not have reached their

final values yet. If you would like to know more about the meaning and utility of each TEST

function, refer to Table 9-1. Also, now is a good time to verify that the instrument was

shipped with the options you ordered. Table 2-1 also contains the list of options. Section 6

covers setting up the options.

When the instrument is warmed up, re-check the TEST functions against Table 2-1. All

of the readings should compare closely with those in the Table. If they do not, see Section

9.1.1. The next task is to calibrate the analyzer. There are several ways to do a calibration,

they are summarized in Table 7-1. For instruments not equipped with the external converter

option, we recommend calibration with zero air and span gas coming in through the sample

port. The procedure is:

2-6

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Step 1 - Enter the expected NO_xand NO span gas concentrations:

Step Number Action

Comment

Press

CAL-CONC-NOX

This key sequence causes the M200AU to prompt for the

expected NO_xconcentration. Enter the NO_xspan

concentration value by pressing the key under each digit until

the expected value is set.

Press ENTR

ENTR stores the expected NO_xspan value. This value will be

used in the internal formulas to compute subsequent NO_x

concentration values.

Press

CAL-CONC-NO

In the same CAL-CONC sub menu press the NO button and

enter the expected NO span value, then ENTR. As before this

value will be used in the internal formulas to compute the

subsequent NO concentration values.

Press EXIT-EXIT

Returns instrument to SAMPLE mode.

Press

SETUP-RNGE-

If necessary, you may want to change ranges. Normally the

instrument is shipped in single range mode set at 500 ppb. We

MODE-SING-ENTR recommend doing the initial checkout on the 500 ppb range.

Press After SETUP-RNGE-SET, enter 500 and press ENTR. The

SETUP-RNGE-SET instrument will now be in the 500 ppb range.

Press EXIT

Returns instrument to SAMPLE mode.

2-7

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Step 2 - Calibrate the instrument:

Zero/Span Calibration Procedure

Step Number

Action

Comment

Input Zero gas

Allow Zero gas to enter the sample port on the rear of the

instrument.

Press CAL

The M200AU enters the calibrate mode from sample mode.

When the CAL button is pressed, the adaptive filter is

activated. This allows the instrument to respond rapidly to

concentration changes regardless of their magnitude.

Wait 10 min

Wait for reading to stabilize at the zero value. If you wait less

than 10 minutes the final zero value may drift.

Press ZERO

Press ENTR

The ZERO button will be displayed.

Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations and

zeroes the instrument.

Input Span Gas

Wait 10 min

Switch gas streams to span gas.

Wait for reading to stabilize at the span value. If you wait less

than 10 minutes the final span value may drift.

Press SPAN

The SPAN button should be displayed. If it is not, check the

Troubleshooting Section 9.2.8 for instructions on how to

proceed. In certain circumstances at low span gas

concentrations (<100ppb), both the ZERO and SPAN buttons

will appear.

Press ENTR

Press EXIT

Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations so

that the concentration displayed is the same as the expected

span concentration you entered above, thus spanning the

instrument.

10.

Pressing EXIT returns the instrument to SAMPLE mode.

2-8

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Step 3 - Review the quality of the calibration:

Calibration Quality Check Procedure

Step Number

Action

Comment

Scroll the TEST

function menu until

the NO_xSLOPE is

displayed.

The SLOPE value for NO_xshould be 1.0 ± 0.3. If the value is

not in this range, check Section 7.8 or 9. If the SLOPE value

is in the acceptable range, the instrument will perform

optimally.

Scroll the TEST

function menu until

the NO SLOPE is

displayed.

The SLOPE value for NO should be 1.0 ± 0.3. If the value is

not in this range, check Section 7.8 or 9. If the SLOPE is in

the acceptable range, the instrument will perform optimally.

NOTE:

The NO and NO_xslopes should be equal within ± 0.1.

Scroll the TEST

function menu until

The M200AU will display the OFFSET parameter for the NO_x

equation. This number should be near zero. A value of 0.0 mV

the NO_xOFFSET is –10 +150 mV indicates calibration in the optimal range. If the

displayed.

OFFSET value is outside this range, check Section 7 or 9 for

procedures to correct the OFFSET value to near zero.

Scroll the TEST

function menu until

the NO OFFSET is

displayed.

The instrument will now display the NO OFFSET value. It

should also have a value near zero (0.0 mV –10 +150 mV).

Step 4 - The M200AU is now ready to measure sample gas.

2-9

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 2-4: Front Panel

2-10

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 2-5: Assembly Layout

2-11

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 2-1: Final Test and Calibration Values

Observed

Value

Test Values

Units

Nominal Range

Reference Section

RANGE

ppb

5-2000

5.3.4

STABILITY

0.001-2000

9.1.1, 9.2.5,

Table 9-1

SAMP FLW

OZONE FL

PMT

cc/min

1000 ± 100

80 ± 15

9.3.7, Table 9-1

9.3.6, 9.3.7

9.3.8.1, Table 9-1

Table 9-1

9.3.8.5

0-5000

PREREACT

HVPS

0-1000

450 - 900 constant

2500 ± 200

40 ± 1

DCPS

^oC

9.3.5, 9.3.4

9.3.8.2

RCELL TEMP

BOX TEMP

PMT TEMP

MOLY TEMP

RCEL PRES

SAMP PRES

8-48

9.3.4.1

-5 ± 1

9.3.8.4

^oC

315 ± 5

9.3.4.1

IN-Hg-A

1 - 4 constant

25 - 30 constant

9.3.7

Electric Test & Optic Test

Electric Test

PMT Volts

NO Conc

NO_xConc

2000 ± 500

9.1.3.2

PPB

1000 ± 250

Optic Test

PMT Volts

NO Conc

2000 ± 1000

1000 ± 500

9.1.3.3

PPB

NO_xConc

(table continued)

2-12

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 2-1: Final Test and Calibration Values (Continued)

Observed

Value

Parameter

Units

Nominal Range

Reference Section

NO Span Conc

NO_xSpan Conc

NO Slope

PPB

1 - 2000

Table 7-3

Table 7-18

7.6.6, 5.2.2.6

Table 9-1

1 - 2000

1.0 ± 0.3

NO_xSlope

1.0 ± 0.3

NO Offset

-10 to +150

0.96 - 1.02

0.001 - 2000

< 1 @ 400 ppb

NO_xOffset

Moly Efficiency

Stability at Zero

Stability at Span

PPB

Measured Flows

Sample Flow

Ozone Flow

cc/min

1000 ± 100

80 ± 15

9.3.7, Figure 9-8

Factory Installed Options

Power Voltage/Frequency

Option Installed

Rack Mount, w/ Slides

Rack Mount, w/ Ears Only

Rack Mount, External Pump w/ Slides

Rack Mount, External Pump w/o Slides

Stainless Zero/Span Valves

Current Loop - NO_xChan

Current Loop - NO Chan

Current Loop - NO₂Chan

Current Loop - TST Chan

4-20 mA

0-20 mA

Isolated

Non-Isolated

4-20 mA

0-20 mA

PROM #

Date

Serial #

Technician

2-13

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

INTENTIONALLY BLANK

2-14

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

3 SPECIFICATIONS, AGENCY APPROVALS,

WARRANTY

3.1 Specifications

Ranges

In 1ppb increments from 5ppb to 2000ppb

independent ranges or autoranging

<25 ppt RMS

<0.25% RMS of reading above 50 ppb

50 ppt RMS

Noise at Zero¹

Noise at Span¹

Lower Detectable Limit¹

Zero Drift²

<0.1 ppb / 24 hours

<0.2 ppb / 7 days

Span Drift²

<0.5% FS or 50 ppt RMS whichever is greater / 7 days

20 sec

Lag Time

Rise Time³

95% in <50 sec⁶

Fall Time³

95% in <50 sec⁶

Sample Flow Rate

Linearity

Precision

1000 cc/min. ± 10%

1% of full scale or ± 0.1 ppb whichever is greater

0.5% of reading above 50 ppb

Propylene rejection ratio > 20,000:1

Ethylene rejection ratio > 40,000:1

20-30^oC within drift and noise specifications

5-35^oC safe operating range

< 0.1% per ^oC

0-95% RH non-condensing

< 0.1% per V

7" H x 17" W x 23.6" D (18cm x 43cm x 61cm)

43 lbs (20 kg)

Hydrocarbon Interference

Temperature Range

Temp Coefficient

Humidity

Voltage Coefficient

Dimensions HxWxD

Weight, Analyzer

Weight, Ext Pump Pack

Power, Analyzer

Power, Analyzer⁴

Power, Ext Pump

Power, Ext Pump⁴

Environmental⁴

21 lbs (9.5 kg)

100V~ 50/60 Hz, 120V~ 60 Hz, 230V~ 50 Hz, 2.5A, 125 watts

230V~ 50 Hz, 2.5A

110V~ 60 Hz, 220V~ 50 Hz, 240V~ 50Hz, 150 watts

230V~ 50 Hz, 2.2A

Installation Category (Over-voltage Category) II

Pollution Degree 2

Recorder Output

Analog Resolution

Status Option

100 mV, 1, 5, 10V, isolated or non-isolated current loop

1 part in 1024 of selected voltage or current range

12 Status Outputs from opto-isolator

ppb, ug/m³

Measurement Units

As defined by USEPA.

At constant temperature and voltage.

With adaptive filter, > 20 ppb change.

Electrical rating for CE Mark compliance.

3-1

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

3.2 EPA Equivalency Designation

Teledyne Instruments Advanced Pollution Instrumentation Division, Model 200AU High

Sensitivity Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer is designated as Reference Method Number RFNA-1194-

099 as defined in 40 CFR Part 53, when operated under the following conditions:

Range: Any range from 50 parts per billion (ppb) to 1 ppm.

Ambient temperature range of 20 to 30^oC.

Line voltage range of 105-125 VAC, 60Hz; 220-240 VAC, 50Hz.

With 5-micron TFE filter element installed in the internal filter assembly.

Sample flow of 1000 ± 100 cc/min.

Vacuum pump capable of 6"Hg Abs pressure @ 2 slpm or better.

Software settings:

A. Dynamic span

B. Dynamic zero

C. Cal-on-NO2

D. Dilution factor

E. AutoCal

OFF

ON or OFF

F. Independent range

G. Autorange

H. Temp/Pres compensation ON

I. Converter Efficency 0.96 to 1.02

Under the designation, the Analyzer may be operated with or without the following options:

Rack mount with slides.

Rack mount without slides, ears only.

Rack mount for external pump w/o tray.

Stainless steel zero/span valves.

4-20mA, isolated outputs.

Status outputs.

RS-232 output.

1 micron sample filter.

3-2

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

3.3 Warranty

WARRANTY POLICY

Prior to shipment, Teledyne API equipment is thoroughly inspected and tested. Should

equipment failure occur, Teledyne API assures its customers that prompt service and support

will be available.

COVERAGE

After the warranty period and throughout the equipment lifetime, Teledyne API stands ready to

provide on-site or in-plant service at reasonable rates similar to those of other manufacturers in

the industry. All maintenance and the first level of field troubleshooting is to be performed by

the customer.

NON-TELEDYNE API MANUFACTURED EQUIPMENT

Equipment provided but not manufactured by Teledyne API is warranted and will be repaired to

the extent and according to the current terms and conditions of the respective equipment

manufacturers warranty.

GENERAL

TELEDYNE API warrants each Product manufactured by Teledyne API to be free from defects

in material and workmanship under normal use and service for a period of one year from the date

of delivery. All replacement parts and repairs are warranted for 90 days after the purchase.

If a Product fails to conform to its specifications within the warranty period, Teledyne API shall

correct such defect by, in Teledyne API's discretion, repairing or replacing such defective

Product or refunding the purchase price of such Product.

The warranties set forth in this section shall be of no force or effect with respect to any Product:

(i) that has been altered or subjected to misuse, negligence or accident, or (ii) that has been used

in any manner other than in accordance with the instruction provided by Teledyne API or (iii)

not properly maintained.

THE WARRANTIES SET FORTH IN THIS SECTION AND THE REMEDIES

THEREFORE ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF

MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR OTHER

WARRANTY OF QUALITY, WHETHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. THE

REMEDIES SET FORTH IN THIS SECTION ARE THE EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES FOR

BREACH OF ANY WARRANTY CONTAINED HEREIN. TELEDYNE API SHALL

NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES

ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT OF TELEDYNE API'S

PERFORMANCE HEREUNDER, WHETHER FOR BREACH OF WARRANTY OR

OTHERWISE.

3-3

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

TERMS AND CONDITIONS

All units or components returned to Teledyne API should be properly packed for handling and

returned freight prepaid to the nearest designated Service Center. After the repair, the equipment

will be returned, freight prepaid.

3-4

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

4 THE M200AU NO_XANALYZER

4.1 Principle of Operation

The Teledyne API Model 200AU Analyzer is designed to measure the concentration of nitric

oxide [NO], total oxides of nitrogen [NO_x] and, by calculation, nitrogen dioxide [NO₂].

The instrument measures the light intensity of the chemiluminescent gas phase reaction of nitric

oxide [NO] and ozone [O₃] as follows:

NO + O³→ NO²* +O²

NO²* → NO²+ hv

The reaction of NO with ozone results in electronically excited NO₂molecules as shown in the

first equation above. The excited NO₂molecules release their excess energy by emitting a

photon and dropping to a lower energy level as shown in the second equation. It has been shown

that the light intensity produced is directly proportional to the [NO] concentration present.

The Analyzer samples the gas stream and measures the [NO] concentration by digitizing the

signal from the Analyzer's photomultiplier tube (PMT). A valve then routes the sample stream

through a converter containing heated molybdenum to reduce any NO_xpresent to NO by the

following reaction:

315^oC

3NO^x+ Mo → 3NO + MoO³

The Analyzer now measures the total NO_xconcentration. The [NO_x] and [NO] values are

subtracted from each other by the built-in computer, yielding the [NO₂] concentration. In the

third measurement phase, the instrument measures sample gas which has been mixed with ozone

outside of the reaction cell. This Pre-Reactor allows the measurement of any hydrocarbon

interferents present in the sample gas stream. The three results [NO], [NO_x], and [NO₂] are then

further processed and stored by the computer yielding several instantaneous and long term

averages of all three components.

The software uses an adaptive filter to accommodate rapid changes in concentration. The

algorithm monitors the rate of change in concentration for both the NO and NO_xchannels. When

a change in concentration is detected, the software changes the sample filters to rapidly respond

to the change. The filters are adjusted to minimize the errors introduced by the time delay

between the NO_xand NO channel measurements; this assures accurate NO₂measurements.

When the rate of change decreases, the filters are lengthened to provide better signal/noise ratio.

The parameters used to operate the adaptive filter have been tuned to match the electrical and

pneumatic characteristics of the M200AU.

4-1

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 4-1: Block Diagram

4-2

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

4.2 Operation Summary

4.2.1 Sensor Module, Reaction Cell, Detector

The sensor module (Figure 9-9) is where light from the chemilumenescent reaction is generated

and detected. It is the most complicated and critical sub-assembly in the entire analyzer. It

consists of the following assemblies and functions:

The reaction cell and flow control module

Reaction cell heater/thermistor

PMT and high voltage power supply

PMT cooler/cold block/heatsink/fan

Preamp assembly:

A. Preamp range control hardware

B. HVPS control

C. PMT cooler temp control

D. Electric test electronics

E. Optic test electronics

4.2.2 Pneumatic Sensor Board

The sensor board consists of 2 pressure sensors and a flow sensor. One pressure sensor measures

the pressure in the reaction cell. The reaction cell is maintained at about 0.1 atmospheric

pressure. The second pressure sensor measures the pressure just upstream of the reaction cell,

which is near ambient pressure. From these two pressures the sample flow rate can be computed

and is displayed as sample flow in the TEST menu. Finally, a solid state flow meter measures the

ozone flow using a resistive bridge. Likewise, it is displayed as a TEST function.

The M200AU displays all pressures in inches of mercury-absolute (in-Hg-A). Absolute pressure

is the reading referenced to a vacuum or zero absolute pressure. This method was chosen so that

ambiguities of pressure relative to ambient pressure can be avoided.

4-3

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

NOTE

On vacuum vs absolute pressure:

Many vacuum gauges read relative to ambient pressure, therefore

a reading of 25" of mercury (Hg) at sea level (which would give an

absolute pressure of about 5" Hg in the reaction cell) would read

only 20" Hg at high altitude sites. Therefore in this manual the vacuum

specification of 5" Hg pressure is given as an absolute pressure

- 5"Hg-A - reference against zero absolute pressure (a perfect vacuum)

thus removing ambiguities for high altitude sites.

4.2.3 Computer Hardware and Software

CPU Board

The M200AU Analyzer is operated by an V40 series micro computer. The computer's

multitasking operating system allows it to do instrument control, monitor test points, provide

analog output and provide a user interface via the display, keyboard and RS-232 port. These

operations appear to be happening simultaneously but are actually done sequentially based on a

priority queuing system maintained by the operating system. The jobs are queued for execution

only when needed, therefore the system is very efficient with computer resources.

The M200AU is a true computer based instrument. The microprocessor does most of the

instrument control functions such as temperature control, valve switching. Data collection and

processing are done entirely in the CPU with the final concentration values being sent to a D/A

converter to produce the instrument analog output.

The computer memory is divided into 3 sections: ROM memory contains the multi-tasking

operating system code plus the instructions that run the instrument. The RAM memory is used to

hold temporary variables, current concentration data and data acquisition system data. The

EEPROM memory contains the instrument set-up variables such as range and instrument ID

number. The EEPROM data is non-volatile so the instrument can lose power and the current set-

up information is preserved.

4.2.4 V/F Board

The V/F board is multifunctional, consisting of A/D input channels, digital I/O channels, and

analog output channels. Communication with the computer is via a STD bus interface. The

computer receives all of the instrument data and provides all control functions through the V/F

board.

4-4

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

4.2.5 Front Panel

The front panel of the M200AU is shown in Figure 2-4. The front panel consists of a 2 line

display and keyboard, 3 status LED's and power switch. Communication with the display,

keyboard, and status LED's is done via the computer's on-board parallel port. The M200AU was

designed as a computer controlled instrument, therefore all major operations can be controlled

from the front panel display and keyboard.

The display consists of 2 lines of 40 characters each. The top line is divided into 3 fields, and

displays information. The first field is the mode field. A list of operating modes is given in

Table 5-8.

The center field displays TEST values. The TEST functions allow you to quickly access many

important internal operating parameters of the M200AU. This provides a quick check on the

internal health of the instrument. The right hand field shows current concentration values of NO,

NO_x, and NO₂. The display scrolls between the 3 values every 4 seconds.

4.2.5.1 Keyboard

The second line of the display contains eight fields. Each field defines the key immediately

below it. By redefining the keys dynamically it is possible to simplify the instrument electronics

and user interface.

When entering data in the keyboard, if the entered value is not accepted, the M200AU will

"beep" to notify the user that the value keyed in was not accepted. The original value remains

unchanged.

4.2.5.2 Status LED's

At the right of the display there are 3 status LED's. They can be in three states, OFF, ON, and

Blinking. The meanings of the LED's are given in Table 4-1.

4-5

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 4-1: Front Panel Status LED's

LED

State

Meaning

Green

Off

Monitoring normally, taking DAS data

NOT monitoring, DAS disabled

Blinking

Monitoring, DAS in HOLDOFF mode (1)

Yellow

Red

Off

Blinking

Auto cal. disabled

Auto/Dynamic cal. enabled

Calibrating

Off

Blinking

No warnings exist

Warnings exist

(1) This occurs during Calibration, DAS holdoff, power-up holdoff, and when in Diagnostic mode.

4.2.5.3 Power Switch

The power switch has two functions. The rocker switch controls overall power to the instrument,

in addition it includes a circuit breaker. If attempts to power up the M200AU result in a circuit

breaker trip, the switch automatically returns to the off position, and the instrument will not

power up.

4-6

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

4.2.6 Power Supply Module

The Power supply module supplies AC and DC power to the rest of the instrument. It consists of

a 4 output linear DC power supply and a 15 volt switching supply. In addition, it contains the

switching circuitry to drive the DC operated valves and several switched AC loads to operate the

Rx cell heater, the Moly heater, and the ozone generator.

4.2.7 Pump, Valves, Pneumatic System

A standard M200AU comes with 2 valves. The NO/NO_xvalve switches sample from either the

sample inlet port or from the moly converter into the reaction cell. Each NO/NO_xcycle, the Pre-

reactor valve re-routes sample gas into the Pre-reactor volume which allows time for the NO-

Ozone reaction to complete. The pneumatic timing of the Pre-reactor is set so that any

hydrocarbon interferences are measured and eliminated from the signal.

The M200AU is equipped with a high performance pump, capable of producing a reaction cell

pressure of less than 4” Hg-A. See Figure 2-3 for hook-up information. A catalytic ozone

scrubber protects the pump from the corrosive effects of ozone. See Section 4.2.8.

4.2.8 Ozone Generator

Because of the instability of ozone, it is necessary to generate this gas inside the analyzer. The

ozone generation module consists of a high frequency switching AC supply and pulse

transformer connected to a silent discharge tube. Air is supplied to the generator from a

permeation type air drier. A complete description of its function and service requirements can be

found in Section 9.3.6.

Although there are dangerous high voltages generated in the ozone generator, they are isolated

from the user by sealing the system in a single potted assembly. The dry air supply for the ozone

generator uses a membrane drier to supply air with a dew point of 0^oC or less. The exhaust side

of the membrane is connected to the vacuum manifold at the rear of the instrument.

Normal room air contains enough water vapor to damage the generator and components

downstream. Because of this, the ozone generator may not turn on immediately at power up.

A heated catalytic ozone scrubber, located in the molybdenum converter assembly removes

excess ozone from the instrument exhaust. The delay is built into the instrument to allow the

dryer to start operating and purge the system with dry air. Table 4-2 details the conditions for

turning on the ozone generator.

4-7

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 4-2: Ozone Generator Start-up Timing

Time Since Last

Ozone Gen State

Program Action

Power-up

< 1 hour

> 1 hour

ON at power-up

OFF at power-up

Gen ON immediately after power-up.

Wait 30 min, then turn gen ON.

4.2.9 Molybdenum Converter – Ozone Scrubber

The molybdenum converter is a stainless steel cartridge containing molybdenum chips heated to

315° C. The converter's function is to reduce NO_xto nitric oxide NO. The temperature control

for this module is done by the Switch Card in the Power Supply Module using commands

generated by the CPU. The temperature is measured by a type J thermocouple and is conditioned

on the Status/Temp board. The analog voltage representing the Moly temperature is read by the

V/F board and sent to the CPU where signals are generated for temperature control. The

digitized voltage is translated to degrees for the TEST function on the front panel and for

warnings.

The molybdenum converter assembly also contains a catalytic ozone scrubber that removes

excess ozone from the instrument exhaust.

4-8

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

5 SOFTWARE FEATURES

5.1 Index To Front Panel Menus

The M200AU has 2 main operating modes, namely the SAMPLE and SETUP modes. The

instrument is operating in the SAMPLE mode when it is measuring gas. The SETUP mode is

used to create or change operating parameters such as range. Also in SETUP mode the

instrument has extensive fault diagnosis tools. A list of M200AU operating modes is given in

Table 5-8.

The next several pages contain two different styles of indexes that will allow you to navigate the

M200AU software menus. The first two pages show a "tree" menu structure to let you see at a

glance where each software feature is located in the menu. The second menu contains a brief

description of each key mnemonic and a reference to the section of the manual that describes its

purpose and function in detail.

5-1

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 5-1: Sample Menu Tree

5-2

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 5-2: Setup Menu Tree

5-3

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

5.1.1 Sample Menu

Table 5-1: Sample Menu

Menu Level

Reference

Section

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Level 4

Description

TEST

TST>

Test functions

5.2.1, Table 9-1

CAL

Zero/Span calibration w/ gas

through sample port

5.2.2.1, 7.1

CALZ

CALS

Zero calibration w/ zero gas

from zero valve option

5.2.2.2, 7.2, 7.3

5.2.2.3, 7.2, 7.3

5.2.2.2, 7.2, 7.3

5.2.2.3, 7.2, 7.3

7.1

Span calibration w/ span gas

from span valve option

ZERO

SPAN

CONC

Press ZERO then ENTR will

zero analyzer

Press SPAN then ENTR will

span analyzer

Expected NO/NO_xspan

concentrations and Moly conv.

efficiency setup

NOX

CONC

Enter expected NO_xspan

concentration

5.2.2, Table 7-3

CONC

Enter expected NO span

concentration

5-4

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 5-2: Sample Menu

Menu Level

Reference

Section

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Level 4

Description

CONV

Sub-menu for converter

efficiency setup and

verification

5.2.2.6, 7.6.6

NO2

CAL

SET

Expected NO₂concentration for

converter efficiency calculation

5.2.2.6, 7.6.6

Automatic converter efficiency

calibration and entry

Set the converter efficiency

manually

MSG

Displays warning messages

Clears warning messages

9.1.2

CLR

9.1.2

SETUP

The SETUP Menu - See next

table

Table 5-2

5-5

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

5.1.2 Set-Up Menu

Table 5-3: Setup Menu

Setup Menu #1

Reference

Section

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Level 4

Description

CFG

CFG is primarily used for

showing special configuration

options and factory special

software

5.3.1

PREV,

NEXT, LIST

PREV, NEXT can be used to

scroll through the

5.3.1

configuration list. LIST

automatically scrolls the list

AUTOCAL

Automatic span check or

calibration

5.3.2, 6.4

SEQUENCE

Selects Sequence

5.3.2, 6.4

PREV-

Scrolls display to select

calibration sequence 1, 2, or 3

MODE

SET

Selects mode of calibration

(zero, span, zero-span) plus

disable

5.3.2, 6.4

5.3.3

For a given Sequence and

Mode, sets timing and

calibration attributes

DAS

Data Acquisition System

(DAS) - keeps 1 to 1500

minute averages of data

(table continued)

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 5-3: Setup Menu (Continued)

Setup Menu #1

Reference

Section

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Level 4

Description

VIEW

Select which DAS data

collector to view

5.3.3

PREV-

Scroll through data collectors

CONC, PNUMTC, CAL

DAT, STABILITY

5.3.3

EDIT

Allows editing of the several

attributes of a data collection

channel.

5.3.3

Displays the DAS data buffer

- Move UP 1 average in the

DAS data buffer

UP10

Move UP 10 averages in the

DAS data buffer

5.3.3

DOWN

DOWN10

PRNT

Move down 1 average in the

DAS data buffer

Move DOWN 10 averages in

the DAS data buffer

Prints the setup parameters of

a data collector to the RS-232

port

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 5-4: Setup Menu

Setup Menu #2

Reference

Section

Level 1

Level 2

MODE

SET

Level 3

Level 4

Description

RANGE

Range control menu

5.3.4

Range mode select - Single,

Autorange, Independent,

Remote

Sets range if mode is Single

range

5.3.4.1

5.3.4.3

5.3.4.2

NOx

NO2

Sets NO concentration range if

indep ranges enabled

Sets NO_xconcentration range if

indep ranges enabled

Sets NO₂concentration range if

indep ranges enabled

Sets low range if Autorange

enabled

Sets high range if Autorange

enabled

UNITS

DIL

Unit selection menu

5.3.4.5

5.3.4.4

PPB, UGM

Select units that instrument uses

Enter dilution factor if

connected to stack dilution

probe

PASS

Password enable/disable menu

5.3.5

ON-OFF

TIME

Enable/disable password

checking

CLOCK

Adjusts time on the internal

time of day clock

5.3.6

DATE

Adjusts date on the internal

time of day clock

Continue menus on next level

down

COMM

RS-232 communications

control menu

5.3.8, 5.5

BAUD

Sets the BAUD rate to 300 -

19,200

Sets the instrument ID -

(included on all RS-232

messages)

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 5-5: Setup Menu

Setup Menu #3

Reference

Section

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Level 4

Description

VARS

Internal variables

5.3.9, 9.2

PREV,

NEXT,

JUMP,

EDIT

PREV, NEXT scroll up and

down through the VARS menu.

JUMP will go to variable

number selected, EDIT will

allow editing of the selected

variable.

DIAG

Diagnostic menu

5.3.7, 9.1.3

PREV,

PREV, NEXT scroll up and

down through the DIAG menu.

SIG I/O

Examines, changes analog and

digital internal signals

9.1.3.1

9.1.3.5

9.1.3.6

9.1.1

ANALOG

OUT

Writes a stepped analog output

voltage to the 4 analog outputs

D/A CAL

Calibrates V/F board and the

analog outputs

TEST

CHNL

Routes several internal signals

to TCHAN analog output - used

for diagnosis

OPTIC

TEST

Activates Optic Test feature

Activates Electric Test feature

Turns OFF/ON ozone generator

9.1.3.3

9.1.3.2

ELEC

TEST

O3 GEN

RS-232

9.1.3.4

9.1.3.7

Writes test data to RS-232 port

- used for diagnosis

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

5.2 Sample Mode

5.2.1 Test Functions

NOTE

In any of the following TEST functions, if a value of

XXXX is displayed, that indicates an off scale and

therefore meaningless reading.

To use the TEST functions to diagnose instrument faults, refer to Troubleshooting Section 9.1.

Range

This is the range of the instrument. Electronically, there is only one physical range. The range of

the instrument is just the software expanding various portions of the single physical range to fill

the selected analog output voltage range. In standard configuration there is one range for all 3

outputs.

Independent range option allows different ranges for each output. When enabled, there will be

three range values displayed, NO, NO_xand NO₂.

Auto range mode allows a low range and high range. The M200AU will automatically switch to

the other range dynamically as concentration values require. The TEST values will show the

range the instrument is currently operating in, and will dynamically display the alternate range as

the range changes occur.

NOTE

Each of the range modes Single range, Auto range, and

Independent ranges are mutually exclusive.

Stability

The instrument noise is computed using the standard deviation of the last 10 minutes of data,

with the value being computed at the end of each NO/NO_xcycle. It is computed for the NO_x

channel only. The stability value only becomes meaningful if sampling a constant concentration

for more than 10 minutes. The value should be compared to the value observed in the factory

check-out.

The Stability reading on the front panel TEST functions is different than the STABIL reading

found in the DAS. Check the DAS in Section 5.3.3 for more information on the STABIL - DAS.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Sample Flow

The SAMPLE FLOW test function is computed from the pressure measured up-stream of the

sample flow orifice. The pressure down-stream of the orifice is also checked to assure the

assumptions of the equation are valid. This will register variations in flow caused by changes in

atmospheric pressure, but will not detect a plugged sample flow orifice. The nominal value is

1000 ± 100 cc/min.

Ozone Flow

The OZONE FLOW test function is directly measured by a solid state flow meter. Variations in

this value indicate variations in ozone flow. The nominal value for ozone flow is 80 ± 15 cc/min.

PMT Voltage

The PMT VOLTAGE measures the PMT signal at the output of the preamp board. The

waveform of the PMT voltage can be complex, and vary from near 0 mV when zero gas is in the

reaction cell to 5000 mV when a high concentration of NO_xis being measured. If the PMT

reading is consistently 5000 mV, that indicates an off-scale reading. Typical readings bounce

around, which is normal.

Normalized PMT Voltage

Like the PMT Voltage TEST function above, the NORMALIZED PMT VOLTAGE measures

the PMT signal at the output of the preamp board. The difference is that several normalization

functions are applied to this signal before it is displayed. The most important is the temperature

and pressure compensation factors. If NORM PMT is used as suggested in the Factory

Calibration Procedure (Section 9.1.6) the M200AU will be correctly calibrated.

PREREACT Voltage

This test measurement is the Pre-reactor voltage. It indicates the most recent reading from the

Pre-reactor circuit. The units are mV and readings up to 1000 are considered normal.

High Voltage Power Supply (HVPS)

The HVPS reading is a measure of the scaled-up HVPS programming voltage. The voltage used

to set the HVPS output is generated on the Preamp board. Its value is between 0 and 1 volt,

corresponding to a voltage of 0 to 1000 volts out of the HVPS. The HVPS front panel TEST

measurement should be greater than 450 volts and will typically be 500-800 V.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

DC Power Supply (DCPS)

The DCPS voltage is a composite of the 5 and ± 15 VDC voltages in the Power Supply Module.

This is meant to be a quick indicator to show if the PSM is working correctly. The nominal value

is 2500 mV ± 200 mV.

Reaction Cell Temperature

This is a measurement of the temperature of the reaction cell. It is controlled by the computer to

40 ± 1° C. Temperatures outside this range will cause the M200AU output to drift.

Box Temperature

This TEST function measures the temperature inside the chassis of the M200AU. The

temperature sensor is located on the Status/Temp Board. Typically it runs 2 to 10° C higher than

the ambient temperature.

PMT Temperature

The temperature of the PMT is closely controlled by a dedicated proportional temperature

controller. The nominal set-point is -5 ± 1° C. Readings outside this range will cause instrument

drift due to gain changes in the PMT detector.

Block Temperature

The temperature of the sample flow and ozone flow control orifice blocks. The nominal set-point

is 40 ± 1° C. Readings outside this range will cause instrument drift.

Moly Temperature

The moly temperature is controlled by the computer. The nominal set-point is 315 ± 5° C. The

temperature sensor inside the moly is a type-J thermocouple. The thermocouple amplifier is

located on the STATUS/TEMP board. If the thermocouple breaks, the reading will go to 500° C

and remove power from the heater.

Reaction Cell Pressure

The pressure in the reaction cell is measured by a solid state pressure sensor, which measures

absolute pressure. This pressure will vary depending on several things.

The type of pump attached to the analyzer.

Variations in local weather will cause a ± 0.3in-Hg change in pressure.

The altitude of the analyzer will cause the cell pressure to change.

Nominal values are 1 to 4 in-Hg-A. typical reading is about 3.5 in-Hg-A.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Sample Pressure

The pressure in the sample inlet line is measured by a solid state pressure sensor which measures

absolute pressure. This pressure typically runs 0.5" or so below atmospheric pressure due to the

pressure drop in the sample inlet lines and valves.

NO_x, NO Slope and Offset Values

The coefficients of 2 (NO_xand NO) straight line equations (y = mx + b) determine the

calibration of the M200AU. The slope parameter(m) can be thought of as a gain term which

determines the steepness of the calibration curve. The offset parameter (b) compensates for

differences in the background signal of the NO and NO_xchannels.

The values of these parameters can be used to determine the quality of the calibration. These 4

parameters contain valuable information about the quality and validity of the calibration. For

example, the NO and NO_xslope values should not differ by more than .1 from each other. Larger

values indicate a flow imbalance such as a leak or problems with the molybdenum converter.

Refer to Section 7.8 Calibration Quality for details on how to use these values.

Time

This is an output of the M200AU's internal time of day clock.

5.2.2 CAL, CALS, CALZ, Calibration Functions

The calibration and zero/span checking of the M200AU analyzer is treated in detail in Section 7,

Table 7-1 summarizes types of calibration. The basic function of each of these keys is described

here. When any of the CAL buttons are pressed (or whenever the instrument enters the CAL

mode), the adaptive filter is activated. This allows the instrument to respond rapidly to

concentration changes regardless of their magnitude.

5.2.2.1 CAL, CALS, CALZ

These keys control the calibration functions of the analyzer. In the CAL mode the analyzer can

be calibrated without switching on the zero valve or the span valve. If the analyzer has the

Zero/Span valve option, there will be CALZ and CALS buttons also. These buttons operate the

Zero/Span valves. The setup of these options is covered in Section 6.3, and operation is

explained in Section 7.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

5.2.2.2 Zero

Pressing the ZERO key along with ENTR will cause the instrument to adjust the OFFSET value

of the internal formula so that the instrument reads zero. The M200AU allows zero adjustment

over a limited range of signal levels, therefore the signal does not have to be exactly zero for the

instrument to do a zero cal. The instrument will not, however, allow a zero cal on any signal

level, therefore it is not possible to zero the instrument with high concentrations of span gas in

the reaction cell. If the ZERO key does not come on as expected, check Section 9.2.9.

5.2.2.3 Span

Pressing the SPAN key along with ENTR will cause the instrument to adjust the SLOPE value of

the internal formula so the instrument displays the span value. The expected NO_xand NO span

concentrations must be entered before doing a SPAN calibration. See Table 7-3.

Like the Zero calibration, the Span cal cannot be done with any concentration of span gas. If the

signal level is outside certain limits the, SPAN key will not be illuminated. If you encounter this

condition see Section 9.2.8. It is also possible at low levels of span concentration that BOTH the

ZERO and SPAN keys might be on, thus allowing you to either zero or span the instrument. In

this case, care must be taken to perform the correct operation or the analyzer can become mis-

calibrated.

5.2.2.4 NO, NO_xCal Concentration

Before the M200AU can be spanned, it is necessary to enter the expected span concentrations for

NO and NO_x. This is done by using CAL-CONC-NOX or CAL-CONC-NO keys for NO_xand

NO span concentrations, respectively. Concentration values from 1 to 2000 ppb are valid

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

5.2.2.5 Formula Values

The slope and offset terms should be checked after each calibration. The values for these terms

contain valuable information about the internal health of the analyzer. The range of acceptable

values and their meanings is given in Section 7.8.

To compute the NO_xand NO concentrations, the formula for a straight line is used.

Where:

y = the NO_xor NO concentration

m = the slope

x = the conditioned PMT tube output

b = the offset

y = mx + b

In comparison with analog analyzers the slope term is equivalent to the "span pot" and the b term

is equivalent to the "zero pot". Again, like an analog analyzer there is only a limited range of

adjustment allowed for either term, and there are consequences of having the values near the

high or low limits of their respective ranges.

The x term is the conditioned PMT signal. PMT signal is adjusted for the Pre-reactor

background, range, temperature, and pressure.

The offset (b) term is the total background light with the Pre-reactor term subtracted out.

The Pre-reactor term measures detector dark current, amplifier noise, and ozone generator and

hydrocarbon background.

After every zero or span calibration, it is very important to check the QUALITY of the

calibration. The calibration of the M200AU involves balancing several sections of electronics

and software to achieve an optimum balance of accuracy, noise, linearity and dynamic range.

See Section 7.8 for the calibration quality check procedure.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

5.2.2.6 Automatic Converter Efficiency Compensation

The M200AU can automatically compensate the NO_xand NO₂readings for the molybdenum

converter efficiency. There are 2 ways to enter the converter efficiency into the instrument. The

first is to just type in the converter efficiency using the CAL-CONC-MOLY-SET menu. The

second method is to have the M200AU compute the efficiency using the CAL-CONC-MOLY-

CAL menu. See the Calibration Section 7.6.6.1 Molybdenum Converter Efficiency for details.

To disable the compensation, press CAL-CONC-MOLY-SET and enter 1.0000 as the efficiency.

Factory default is 1.0000.

5.3 Set-Up Mode

5.3.1 Configuration Information (CFG)

This menu item will tell if the installed software has factory special features or other non-

standard features. If you call Teledyne API service you may be asked for information from this

menu.

5.3.2 Automatic Calibration (AutoCal)

The AutoCal feature allows the M200AU to automatically operate the Zero/Span Valve option to

periodically check its calibration. Information on setting up AutoCal is in Section 6.3.

5.3.3 Data Acquisition System (DAS)

The M200AU contains a flexible and powerful built in data acquisition system (DAS) that

enables the analyzer to store concentration data as well as diagnostic parameters in its battery

backed memory. This information can be viewed from the front panel or printed out through the

RS-232 port. The diagnostic data can be used for performing “Predictive Diagnostics” and

trending to determine when maintenance and servicing will be required.

The logged parameters are stored in what are called “Data Channels.” Each Data Channel can

store multiple data parameters. The Data Channels can be programmed and customized from the

front panel. A set of default Data Channels has been included in the M200AU software. For

more information on programming custom Data Channels, a supplementary document containing

this information can be requested from Teledyne API.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

5.3.3.1 Data Channels

The function of the Data Channels is to store, report, and view data from the analyzer. The data

may consist of NO, NO_x, NO₂concentration, or may be diagnostic data, such as the sample flow

or reaction cell pressure.

The M200AU comes pre-programmed with a set of useful Data Channels for logging

concentration and predictive diagnostic data. The default Data Channels can be used as they are,

or they can be changed by the user to fit a specific application. They can also be deleted to make

room for custom user-programmed Data Channels.

The data in the default Data Channels can be viewed through the SETUP-DAS-VIEW menu.

Use the PREV and NEXT buttons to scroll through the Data Channels and press VIEW to view

the data. The last record in the Data Channel is shown. Pressing PREV and NEXT will scroll

through the records one at a time. Pressing NX10 and PV10 will move forward or backward 10

records. For Data Channels that log more than one parameter, such as PNUMTC, buttons labeled

<PRM and PRM> will appear. These buttons are used to scroll through the parameters located

in each record.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

The function of each of the default Data Channels is described below:

Samples NO_x, NO and NO_yconcentration data at one minute intervals and

stores an average every hour with a time and date stamp. Readings during

calibration and calibration hold off are not included in the data. The last 800

hourly averages are stored.

CONC:

Collects sample flow and sample pressure data at five minute intervals and

stores an average once a day with a time and date stamp. This data is useful for

monitoring the condition of the pump and critical flow orifice(sample flow) and

the sample filter(clogging indicated by a drop in sample pressure) over time to

predict when maintenance will be required. The last 360 daily averages (about 1

year) are stored.

PNUMTC:

Logs new slope and offset every time a zero or span calibration is performed,

also records the sample concentration reading just prior to performing a

calibration.

CALDAT:

STABIL:

Logs the standard deviation of the last 50 minutes of NO_xdata, with readings

taken 2 minutes apart(i.e. 25 readings taken 2 minutes apart.) The collector

operates in “sliding window” fashion with the oldest reading being deleted and

a new reading added every 2 minutes. A new value of STABIL is added to the

data buffer every 2 minutes. A time and date stamp is recorded for every data

point logged.

NOTE:

This Data Channel collects data based on an event (a calibration) rather than a

timer. This Data Channel will store data from the last 200 calibrations. This

does not represent any specific length of time since it is dependent on how often

calibrations are performed. As with all Data Channels, a time and date stamp is

recorded for every data point logged.

This is the EPA definition of noise used for equivalency testing. The collector provides a

continuous readout of the noise. In order for the data to be meaningful, the instrument must

sample a constant concentration of gas for at least 50 minutes.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 5-6: DAS Data Channel Editing

Step

Action

Comment

Enter DAS menu to edit Data Channels

Select Data Channel to edit

Press SETUP-DAS-EDIT

Press PREV/NEXT

Press EDIT

Enter the Edit menu for the selected Data Channel

Scroll through Data Channel properties until RS-232

REPORT: OFF is displayed

Press SET> (5 times)

Edit selected setup property

Change RS-232 REPORT property

Accepts change

Press EDIT

Toggle OFF to ON

Press ENTR

Exits back to sample menu

Press EXIT (4 times)

5.3.4 Range Menu

The instrument operates on any full scale range from 5 to 2000 ppb. The range is the

concentration value that equals the maximum voltage output on the rear panel of the instrument.

The front panel will read the concentration anywhere from 0 to 2000 ppb regardless of the range

selected.

NOTE

Only one of the following range choices can be active at any one time.

There are 3 range choices:

Single Range

Auto Range

Independent Ranges

5.3.4.1 Single Range

This range option selects a single range for all output channels (NO, NO_x, NO₂) of the M200AU.

To select Single Range press SETUP-RNGE-MODE-SING, then press ENTR. To set the value

for the range press SETUP-RNGE-SET, enter the full scale range desired from 5 ppb to 2000

ppb, then press ENTR.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

5.3.4.2 Auto Range

Auto Range allows the NO, NO_x, NO₂outputs to automatically range between a low range and a

high range. There is only one low range and one high range for all outputs. The Hi range mode is

signaled by a bit on the STATUS option, see Table 5-9. When the instrument output increases to

98% of the low range value, it will Auto Range into Hi range. In Hi range, when the output

decreases to 75% of low range, it will change to the lower range. If you select a Hi range that is

less than Low range, the M200AU will remain locked in Low range and behave as a Single

Range instrument.

To set up Auto Range press SETUP-RNGE-MODE-AUTO, then press ENTR. To set the values

press SETUP-RNGE-SET. The M200AU will prompt you for LO, then HI which are the lower

and upper ranges of Auto Range. Key in the values desired, then press ENTR.

5.3.4.3 Independent Ranges

Independent Ranges allows you to select different ranges for NO, NO_x, and NO₂.

To set up Independent Ranges press SETUP-RNGE-MODE-IND, then press ENTR. To set the

values press SETUP-RNGE-SET. The M200AU will prompt you for the range of NO, NO_xand

NO₂channels. Key in the desired range for each channel, press ENTR after each value.

5.3.4.4 Concentration Units

The M200AU can display concentrations in ppb, ug/m3 units. Concentrations displayed in ug/m³

use 0° C, 760 mm-Hg for STP. Consult your local regulations for the STP used by your agency.

The following equations give approximate conversions:

NO ppb x 1.34 = NO ug/m³

NO ppm x 1.34 = NO mg/m³

NO2 ppb x 2.05 = NO2 ug/m³

NO2 ppm x 2.05 = NO2 mg/m³

NH3 ppb x 0.76 = NH3 ug/m³

NH3 ppm x 0.76 = NH3 mg/m³

To change the current units press SETUP-RNGE-UNIT from the SAMPLE mode and select the

desired units.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

NOTE

You should now reset the expected span concentration values in the new

units and re-calibrate the instrument using one of the methods in Section 7.

Changing units affects all of the RS-232 values, all of the

display values, and all of the calibration values.

Example:

If the current units are in ppb and the span value is 400 ppb, and

the units are changed to ug/m³the span value is NOT re-calculated

to the equivalent value in ug/m³. Therefore the span value now

becomes 400 ug/m³instead of 400 ppb.

5.3.4.5 Recorder Offset

If necessary, the analog outputs can be biased. This can be used to offset the output voltage of

each channel ±10% of the current output voltage setting. It is intended for recorders that cannot

show slightly negative readings. It can also be used to bias the input to a datalogger to offset

small external ground loop voltages that are sometimes present in monitoring systems

The offset is set in the V/F calibration menu. Press SETUP-MORE-DIAG, scroll to A/D

CALIBRATION, then press ENTR. Select CFG-SET-OFFSET, then enter the desired offset and

press ENTR. Press EXIT to return to the SAMPLE mode.

5.3.5 Password Enable

If password protection is enabled, a password is required to access calibration or setup menus. In

the VARS menu a password is always required. To enable passwords press SETUP-PASS-ON.

A list of passwords is in Table 5-7.

Table 5-7: Calibrate, Setup Passwords

Password Usage

Calibration Password

Setup Password

Password

512, 101

818, 101

Use to get into CAL menus

Use to get into SETUP menus

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

5.3.6 Time of Day Clock

The instrument has an internal time of day clock. The time of day can be set by pressing SETUP-

CLOCK-TIME and entering the time in 24hr format. In a similar manner the date can be entered

by pressing SETUP-CLOCK-DATE and entering the date in a dd-mmm-yy format.

If you are having trouble with the clock running slow or fast, the speed of the clock can be

adjusted by selecting the CLOCK_ADJ variable in the SETUP-MORE-VARS menu. The units

of CLOCK_ADJ are seconds per day.

5.3.7 Diagnostic Mode

The M200AU Diagnostic Mode allows additional tests and calibrations of the instrument. These

features are separate from the TEST functions because each DIAG function has the ability to

alter or disable the output of the instrument. While in DIAG mode no data is placed in the DAS

averages. Details on the use of Diagnostic mode are in Section 9.1.3.

5.3.8 Communications Menu

The COMM menu allows the RS-232 BAUD rate to be set. To set the BAUD rate press SETUP-

MORE-COMM-BAUD, select the appropriate BAUD rate, then press ENTR.

The instrument ID number can also be set. This ID number is attached to every RS-232 message

sent by the M200AU. To set the ID press SETUP-MORE-COMM-ID and enter a 4 digit number

from 0000-9999, then press ENTR

5.3.9 Variables Menu (VARS)

This menu enables you to change the settings on certain internal variables. The VARS Table 9-5

is located in the Troubleshooting Section 9.1.4.

5.3.10 M200AU Operating Modes

The M200AU has 2 main operating modes that were discussed earlier in this section, namely

SAMPLE and SETUP modes. In addition, there are other modes of operation when the

instrument is being diagnosed or calibrated. A list of M200AU operating modes is given in

Table 5-5.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 5-8: M200AU Operating Modes

Mode

Description

ZERO CAL D

ZERO CAL A

ZERO CAL R

ZERO CAL M

SPAN CAL D

SPAN CAL A

SPAN CAL R

SPAN CAL M

M-P CAL

Automatic dynamic zero calibration

Automatic zero calibration

Remote zero calibration

Manual zero calibration

Automatic dynamic span calibration

Automatic span calibration

Remote span calibration

Manual span calibration

Manual multi-point calibration

Electrical diagnostic test

DIAG ELEC

DIAG OPTIC

DIAG OZONE

DIAG AOUT

DIAG

Optical diagnostic test

Ozone generator diagnostic test

D/A output diagnostic test

Main diagnostic menu

DIAG I/O

Signal I/O diagnostic

DIAG RS232

SETUP x.x

RS232 output diagnostic

Setup mode (x.x is software version)

Sampling; automatic dynamic zero and span calibration enabled

Sampling; automatic dynamic zero calibration enabled

Sampling; automatic dynamic span calibration enabled

Sampling; automatic cal. enabled

Sampling; automatic cal. disabled

SAMPLE ZS

SAMPLE Z

SAMPLE S

SAMPLE A

SAMPLE

5.4 Status Output

The status output is an option that reports Analyzer conditions via contact closures on the rear

panel. The closures are available on a 50 pin connector on the rear panel. The contacts are NPN

transistors which can pass 50 ma of direct current. The pin assignments are listed in Table 5-9.

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Table 5-9: Status Output Pin Assignments

Output #

Pin #

1,2

Definition

Condition

ZERO CAL

SPAN CAL

FLOW ALARM

TEMP ALARM

DIAG MODE

POWER OK

SPARE

CLOSED IN ZERO CAL

CLOSED IN SPAN CAL

3,4

5,6

CLOSED IF FLOW WARNING

CLOSED IF ANY TEMP WARNING

CLOSED IN DIAG MODE

CLOSED IF SYSTEM POWER OK

7,8

9,10

11,12

13,14

15,16

17,18

19,20

21,22

23,24

SPARE

AUTORANGE - HI

SYSTEM OK

RX CELL PRESS

CLOSED IF IN HIGH RANGE

CLOSED IF NO FAULTS PRESENT

CLOSED IF ABS PRES > 15" HG

The Status Board schematic can be found in the Appendix Drawing 01087.

5.5 RS-232 Interface

The RS-232 communications protocol allows the instrument to be connected to a wide variety of

computer based equipment. The interface provides two basic functions in the M200AU.

First is a comprehensive command interface for operating and diagnosing the analyzer.

The interface can also provide an audit trail of analyzer events. In this function the port

sends out messages about instrument events like calibration or warning messages. If these

messages are captured on a printer or remote computer, they provide a continuous audit trail

of the analyzers operation and status.

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5.5.1 Setting Up the RS-232 Interface

The baud rate is set from the front panel by SETUP-MORE-COMM-BAUD. Select the baud rate

appropriate for your application, 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, or 19,200. It is important to note

that the other device must have identical settings in order for the communications to work

correctly.

Second is physical wiring of the analyzer to the other unit. We have incorporated into the

Analyzer LED's that signal the presence of data on the communications lines, and also switches

to easily re-configure the analyzer from DCE to DTE if necessary. In addition the front panel

diagnostics allow test data streams to be sent out of the port on command. This flexibility and

diagnostic capability should simplify attaching our equipment to other computers or printers. If

problems occur, see the Troubleshooting Section 9.3.2.

Setup from the Front Panel

There are 2 additional RS-232 setups that can be done via the front panel.

Set the instrument ID number by SETUP-MORE-COMM-ID, and enter a 4 digit number

from 0000-9999. This ID number is part of every message transmitted from the port.

Set the RS-232 mode bit field in the VARS menu. To get to the variable press, SETUP-

MORE-VARS, then ENTR and scroll to RS232_MODE, then press EDIT. The possible

values are in Table 5-10.

Table 5-10: RS-232 Port Setup - Front Panel

Decimal Value

Description

Turns on quiet mode (messages suppressed)

Places analyzer in computer mode (no echo of chars)

Enables Security Features (Logon, Logoff)

Enables API protocol and setup menus

Enable alternate protocol

Enable multidrop protocol

NOTE

To enter the correct value, ADD the decimal values of the features you

want to enable. For example if LOGON and front panel RS-232

menus are desired, the value entered would be 4 + 8 = 12.

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Security Feature

The RS-232 port is often connected to a public telephone line which could compromise

instrument security. If the LOGON feature is implemented, the port has the following attributes:

A password is required before the port will operate.

If the port is inactive for 1 hour, it will automatically LOGOFF.

Repeat attempts at logging on with incorrect passwords will cause subsequent logins

(even with the correct password) to be disabled for 1 hour.

If not logged on, the only command that is active is the '?'.

The following messages will be given at logon.

LOG ON SUCCESSFUL

LOG ON FAILED

Correct password given

Password not given or incorrect

Logged off

LOG OFF SUCCESSFUL

The RS-232 LOGON feature must be enabled from the front panel by setting bit 4 of the

RS232_MODE variable in the VARS menu, see Table 9-5. Once the feature is enabled, to logon

type:

LOGON 940331

940331 is the default password. The password can be changed to any number from 0 to 999999

by the variable RS232_PASS. To change the password enter the command

V RS232_PASS=NNNNNN

which sets the password to the value NNNNNN.

Protocol of Port Communication

The RS-232 interface has two protocols of communication, because if the port is attached to a

computer it needs to have different characteristics than if used interactively. Consequently, there

are two primary styles of operation: terminal mode and computer mode.

When an operator is communicating with the analyzer via a terminal, the analyzer should be

placed into TERMINAL MODE, which echoes keystrokes, allows editing of the command line

using the backspace and escape keys, and allows recall of the previous command. When a host

computer or data logger is connected to the analyzer, it should be placed into COMPUTER

MODE, which does not echo characters received or allow the special editing keys. See

Table 5-11 for relevant commands.

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Table 5-11: RS-232 Switching From Terminal Mode to Computer Mode

Key

Function

Control-T (ASCII 20 decimal)

Control-C (ASCII 3 decimal)

Switch to terminal mode (echo, edit)

Switch to computer mode (no echo, no edit)

If the command line doesn't seem to respond to keystrokes or commands, one of the first things

you should do is send a Control-T to switch the command line interface into terminal mode.

Also, some communication programs remove CTRL-T and CTRL-C characters from the byte

stream, therefore these characters will not be sent to the analyzer. Check your communications

program owners manual.

Entering Commands in Terminal Mode

In terminal mode, all commands must be terminated by a carriage return; commands are not

processed until a carriage return is entered. While entering a command you may use the editing

keys shown in Table 5-12.

Table 5-12: RS-232 Terminal Mode Editing Keys

Key

Function

CR (carriage return)

BS (backspace)

ESC (escape)

Execute command

Backspace one character to the left

Erase entire line

Commands are not case-sensitive; you should separate all command elements (i.e. keywords,

data values, etc.) by spaces.

Words such as T, SET, LIST, etc. are called keywords and are shown on the help screen in

uppercase, but they are not case-sensitive. You must type the entire keyword; abbreviations are

not accepted.

NOTE

To open the help screen, Type "?" and press the Enter key.

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5.5.2 Command Summary

The information contained in the rest of this section covers commonly used commands that are

required to operate the instrument from a remote terminal. If you are going to be writing

computer programs to communicate with the M200AU (i.e. operating the port in COMPUTER

MODE) we suggest that you order a supplementary manual "The RS-232 Interface", Teledyne

API part number 01350. This manual describes additional features of the port.

The Teledyne API RS-232 interface protocol has a multidrop capability. This is why an optional

ID number is permitted for all commands. If you don’t include the ID number in the command,

all of the instruments connected to the RS-232 interface will respond. If you include the ID

number in the command, only the instrument whose ID number matches will execute the

command.

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Table 5-13: RS-232 Command Summary

Commands

? [id]

Definition

Print help screen. ID is an optional instrument ID number.

Print all active test messages

T [id] LIST

T [id] LIST name or

T [id] name

Print single test message "name" from Table 5-16

W [id] LIST

Print all active warnings

W [id] CLEAR name or

W [id] name

Clear single warning message "name" from Table 5-17

C [id] command

D [id] LIST

Execute calibration "command" from Table 5-18

Prints all I/O signal values

D [id] name

Print single I/O signal value/state

Sets I/O signal to new "value"

Lists diagnostic test names

D [id] name=value

D [id] LIST NAMES

D [id] ENTER name

D [id] EXIT

Enters and starts 'name' diagnostic test

Exits diagnostic mode

D [id] RESET

Resets analyzer(same as power-on)

D [id] RESET RAM

System reset, plus erases RAM. Initializes DAS, NO, NO_x, NO₂conc

readings, calib not affected.

D [id] RESET EEPROM

System reset, plus erases EEPROM (RESET RAM actions + setup

variables, calibration to default values). Restores all factory defaults.

D [id] PRINT

Prints properties for all data channels (DAS)

D [id] PRINT "name”

Prints properties for single data channel. Quotes around name are

required.

D [id] REPORT "name"

[RECORDS=number]

[COMPACT|VERBOSE]

Prints DAS records for a data channel. Quotes around name are

required. Parameters in brackets are optional.

V [id] LIST

Print all setup variable names and values

Print individual setup variable value

Sets setup variable to new "value"

Print analyzer configuration

V [id] name

V [id] name=value

V [id] CONFIG

V [id] MODE

Print current analyzer mode

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Table 5-14: RS-232 Command Summary

Terminal Mode Editing Keys

Definition

Backspace

ESC

Erase line

Execute command

Switch to computer mode

Definition

Computer Mode Editing Keys

Execute command

Switch to terminal mode

Definition

Security Features

LOGON [id] password

LOGOFF [id]

Establish connection to analyzer

Disconnect from analyzer

General Output Message Format

Reporting of status messages for use as an audit trail is one of the two principal uses for the RS-

232 interface. You can effectively disable the asynchronous reporting feature by setting the

interface to quiet mode. All messages output from the analyzer (including those output in

response to a command line request) have the format:

X DDD:HH:MM IIII MESSAGE

X is a character indicating the message type, as shown in the table below.

DDD:HH:MM is a time-stamp indicating the day-of-year (DDD) as a number from 1 to 366, the

hour of the day (HH) as a number from 00 to 23, and the minute (MM) as a number from 00 to

59.

IIII is the 4-digit machine ID number.

MESSAGE contains warning messages, test measurements, DAS reports, variable values, etc.

The uniform nature of the output messages makes it easy for a host computer to parse them.

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Table 5-15: RS-232 Interface Command Types

First Character

Message Type

Calibration

Diagnostic

Test measurement

Variable

Warning

There are 5 different types of messages output by the M200AU. They are grouped below by type

in Table 5-13 to Table 5-21. The meanings of the various messages are discussed elsewhere in

the manual. The TEST, DIAGNOSTIC and WARNING messages are discussed in Sections 9.1

and 9.2. DAS and VARIABLES are discussed in Section 5.3.5 and 5.3.9. CALIBRATE is

discussed in Section 7.

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5.5.3 TEST Commands and Messages

Table 5-16: RS-232 Test Messages

Name

RANGE²

Message

Description

RANGE=xxxxx PPB³

NOX RNG=xxxxx PPB³

NO RNG=xxxxx PPB³

NO2 RNG=xxxxx PPB³

NOX STB=xxxx.xx PPB

SAMP FLW=xxx CC/M

OZONE FL=xxxx CC/M

PMT=xxxxxx MV

Analyzer range

NOXRANGE¹

NORANGE¹

NO2RANGE¹

STABILITY

SAMPFLOW

OZONEFLOW

PMT

Indep. Range for NO_xchannel

Indep. Range for NO channel

Indep. Range for NO₂channel

Std. Deviation NO_xconc values.

Sample flow rate

Ozone flow rate

PMT output

NORMPMT

PRE-REACTOR

HVPS

NORM PMT=xxxxxx MV

PREREACT=xxxxx MV

HVPS=xxxxx V

Normalized PMT output

Pre-reactor filter value

High voltage power supply

DC power supply

DCPS

DCPS=xxxxxx MV

RCELL TEMP=xxx C

BOX TEMP=xxx C

PMT TEMP=xxx C

MOLY TEMP=xxx C

RCEL=xxx.x IN-HG-A

SAMP=xxx.x IN-HG-A

NOX SLOPE=xxxxx

NOX OFFS=xxxxx

NO SLOPE=xxxxxx

NO OFFS=xxxxxx

RCELLTEMP

BOXTEMP

PMTTEMP

CONVTEMP

RCELLPRESS

SAMPPRESS

NOXSLOPE

NOXOFFSET

NOSLOPE

NOOFFSET

NO2CONC

NOXCONC

NOCONC

Reaction cell temperature

Internal box temperature

PMT temperature

Molycon temperature

Rx cell pressure

Sample pressure

NO_xslope parameter

NO_xoffset parameter

NO slope parameter

NO offset parameter

NO2=xxxxx PPB

Instantaneous NO₂concentration

Instantaneous NO_xconcentration

Instantaneous NO concentration

Test channel diagnostic output

Time of day

NOX=xxxxx PPB

NO=xxxxx PPB

TESTCHAN

CLOCKTIME

TEST=xxxxx MV

TIME=HH:MM:SS

¹Displayed when independent range is enabled.

²Displayed when single or auto range is enabled.

³Depends on which units are currently selected.

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The T command lists TEST messages. Examples of the T command are:

T LIST

Lists all active test messages

T LIST ALL

T CONVTEMP

T LIST NOX

T NOX

Lists all test messages

Prints the temperature of the moly converter

Prints NO_xconcentration message

5.5.4 WARNING Commands and Messages

Table 5-17: RS-232 Warning Messages

Name

Message

Description

WSYSRES

SYSTEM RESET

Analyzer was reset/powered on

RAM was erased

WRAMINIT

RAM INITIALIZED

WSAMPFLOW

WOZONEFLOW

WRCELLPRESS

WBOXTEMP

WRCELLTEMP

WCONVTEMP

WPMTTEMP

WPREREACT

SAMPLE FLOW WARN

OZONE FLOW WARNING

RCELL PRESS WARN

BOX TEMP WARNING

RCELL TEMP WARNING

MOLY TEMP WARNING

PMT TEMP WARNING

PRACT WARN XXX.X MV

Sample flow out of spec.

Ozone flow out of spec.

Rx cell pressure out of spec.

Box temp. out of spec.

Reaction cell temp. out of spec.

Molycon temp. out of spec.

Pre-reactor filter receive a reading out

of limit spec.

WHVPS

HVPS WARNING

High voltage out of spec.

WDCPS

DCPS WARNING

DC Voltage out of spec.

WOZONEGEN

WDYNZERO

WDYNSPAN

WVFDET

OZONE GEN OFF

CANNOT DYN ZERO

CANNOT DYN SPAN

V/F NOT DETECTED

Ozone Generator is off

Dynamic zero cal. out of spec.

Dynamic span cal. out of spec.

V/F board not installed or broken

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Whenever a warning message is reported on the analyzer display, if the RS-232 interface is in

the normal mode(i.e. not in quiet mode) the warning message is also sent to the RS-232

interface. These messages are helpful when trying to track down a problem with the analyzer and

for determining whether or not the DAS reports are actually valid. The warning message format

is for example:

W 194:11:03 0200 SAMPLE FLOW WARN

The format of a warning command is W command. Examples of warning commands are:

W LIST

List all current warnings

Clear all current Warnings

W CLEAR ALL

Individual warnings may be cleared via the front panel or the command line interface. To clear

the sample flow warning shown above the command would be:

W WSAMPFLOW

5.5.5 CALIBRATION Commands and Messages

There are several methods of both checking the calibration and calibrating the M200AU, these

are discussed in Section 7. The C command executes one of the calibration commands shown in

Table 5-18.

Table 5-18: RS-232 Calibration Commands

Command

Description

C [id] ZERO [1 or 2]

Start remote zero calibration. The number is optional and selects the

range to calibrate. If not specified, the range defaults to range 1.

C [id] COMPUTE ZERO

Tells the instrument to compute a new slope and offset. Same as

pressing ZERO-ENTR on front panel.

C [id] SPAN [1 or 2]

Start remote span calibration.

C [id] COMPUTE SPAN

Tells the instrument to compute a new slope and offset. Same as

pressing SPAN -ENTR on front panel.

C [id] ASEQ number

C [id] EXIT

Executes automatic calibration sequence (1, 2, or 3).

Exits the current calibration step and goes to the next one.

Aborts the entire calibration sequence.

C [id] ABORT

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Table 5-19: RS-232 Calibration Examples

Action

RS-232 Commands

Comments

Zero Calibration

C ZERO

C COMPUTE ZERO

C EXIT

Z/S valves switched to admit

zero gas. Zero cal in Single

Range mode

Zero Calibration of low range -

AutoRange Enabled

C ZERO 1

C COMPUTE ZERO

C EXIT

Z/S valves switched to admit

zero gas. Zero calibration of

low range in Auto Range mode

Span Calibration of high range -

AutoRange Enabled

C SPAN 2

C COMPUTE SPAN

C EXIT

Z/S valves switched to admit

span gas. Span calibration of

high range in Auto Range

mode

Zero Calibration with Dynamic

Calibration enabled

C ZERO

C EXIT

Z/S valves switched to admit

zero gas. Instrument is zero

calibrated if DYN CAL is

enabled.

Zero Calibration

C ZERO

C EXIT

Z/S valves switched to admit

zero gas. Instrument zero is

just checked, but not changed.

Execute AutoCal Sequence #2

C ASEQ 2

Execute a predefined AutoCal

Sequence. Executes sequence

immediately, ignoring time and

date parameters.

Span Calibration Check

C SPAN

C EXIT

Z/S valves switched to admit

span gas. Instrument span is

just checked, but not changed.

Whenever the analyzer starts or finishes a ZS calibration, it issues a status report to the RS-232

interface. If the RS-232 interface is in the normal mode, these reports will be sent. Otherwise,

they will be discarded. Table 5-20 shows the format of the text of the calibration messages. An

example of an actual sequence of calibration status messages is:

C DDD:HH:MM IIII START MULTI-POINT CALIBRATION

C DDD:HH:MM IIII NOX=xxxxx PPB NO=xxxxx PPB NO2=xxxxx PPB

C DDD:HH:MM IIII FINISH MULTI-POINT CALIBRATION

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Table 5-20: RS-232 Calibration Messages

Message

Description

START ZERO CALIBRATION

NOX¹=xxxxx PPB²NO¹=xxxxx PPB²NO2¹=xxxxx PPB²

FINISH ZERO CALIBRATION

Beginning ZS zero calibration

Finished ZS zero calibration

START SPAN CALIBRATION

NOX¹=xxxxx PPB²NO¹=xxxxx PPB²NO2¹=xxxxx PPB²

FINISH SPAN CALIBRATION

Beginning ZS span calibration

Finished ZS span calibration

START MULTI-POINT CALIBRATION

NOX¹=xxxxx PPB²NO¹=xxxxx PPB²NO2¹=xxxxx PPB²

FINISH MULTI-POINT CALIBRATION

Beginning multi-point calibration

Finished multi-point calibration

¹Depends on software options installed.

²Depends on which units are currently selected.

5.5.6 DIAGNOSTIC Commands and Messages

When Diagnostic mode is entered from the RS-232 port, the diagnostic mode issues additional

status messages to indicate which diagnostic test is currently selected. Examples of Diagnostic

mode messages are:

D DDD:HH:MM IIII ENTER DIAGNOSTIC MODE

D DDD:HH:MM IIII EXIT DIAGNOSTIC MODE

Example of turning on the Ozone Generator via the RS-232 port:

D ENTER SIG

D OZONE_GEN=ON

D EXIT

The following is a summary of the Diagnostic commands.

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Table 5-21: RS-232 Diagnostic Command Summary

Command

Description

Command

Description

D [id] LIST

D [id] name=value

Prints all I/O signal values. See Table 9-4 for Signal I/O definitions.

Examines or sets I/O signal. For a list of signal names see Table 9-4.

Must issue D ENTER SIG command before using this command.

D [id] LIST NAMES

Prints names of all diagnostic tests.

D [id] ENTER SIG

D [id] ENTER OT

D [id] ENTER ET

Executes SIGNAL I/O diagnostic test.

Executes Optic Test diagnostic test.

Executes Elect Test diagnostic test.

Example of Ozone Generator diagnostic is in Section 5.5.6.

Use D EXIT to leave these diagnostic modes.

D [id] EXIT

Must use this command to exit SIG, ET or OT Diagnostic modes

Resets analyzer software (same as power on).

D [id] RESET

D [id] RESET RAM

Resets analyzer software and erases RAM. Erases NO, NO_x, NO₂conc

values. Keeps setup variables and calibration. (same as installing new

software version)

D [id] RESET EEPROM

Resets analyzer software and erases RAM and EEPROM. Returns all

setup variables to factory defaults, resets calibration, Pre-reactor values.

5.5.7 DAS Commands and Message

The M200AU contains a flexible and powerful built in data acquisition system (DAS) that

enables the analyzer to store concentration data as well as diagnostic parameters in its battery

backed memory. This information can be printed out through the RS-232 port. The diagnostic

data can be used for performing “Predictive Diagnostics” and trending to determine when

maintenance and servicing will be required.

To print out the properties of all of the data channels enter:

D PRINT

To print the properties of just a single data channel enter:

D PRINT "name”

For example to print the properties of the CONC data channel enter:

D PRINT “CONC”

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To print records from a DAS data channel enter:

D REPORT “name” RECORDS=nnn COMPACT|VERBOSE

Examples of reports are:

D REPORT “CONC” RECORDS=35 VERBOSE

D REPORT “CALDAT” RECORDS=10

D REPORT “PNUMTC” RECORDS=155 VERBOSE

Automatic RS-232 reporting can be independently enabled and disabled for each Data Channel.

For all default data channels, automatic reporting is initially set to “OFF.” If this property is

turned on, the Data Channel will issue a report with a time and date stamp to the RS-232 port

every time a data point is logged. The report format is shown below:

D 94:08:00 0200 CONC : AVG NXCNC1 = 1234.5 PPB

D 94:08:00 0200 CONC : AVG NOCNC1 = 1234.5 PPB

D 94:08:00 0200 CONC : AVG N2CNC1 = 1234.5 PPB

One CONC report consists of:

= Type of report (Diagnostic)

= Time and Date stamp (Julian day, Hr, Min)

= Instrument ID number

= Data Channel name

94:08:00

0200

CONC

CONC = concentration data

PNUMTC = pneumatic parameters

CALDAT = calibration parameters

= Type of data

AVG

AVG = average reading

INST = instantaneous reading

= Name of the parameter

NX = NOx

NXCNC1 = 1234.5 PPB

NO = NO

N2 = NO2

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All of the default Data Channels sample more than one parameter, for these channels, each

parameter is printed on a separate line.

There is also a compact format. If this attribute is enabled, all 3 concentration parameters are

printed on one line as shown below:

D 94:08:00 0200 CONC : 120.0 100.0 20.0

The parameters are in the order of NO_x, NO, and NO₂.

To change any of the attributes of a particular data channel, the channel attributes are edited

from the front panel by pressing the EDIT key.

5.5.8 Internal Variables

A list of M200AU variables is shown in Table 9-5.

A list of variables and their settings can be requested over the RS-232 port by:

V LIST

Lists internal variables and values

The output from this command is long and will not be shown here. The general format of the

output is:

name = value warning_lo warning_hi (data_lo to data_hi)

Where:

name

= name of the variable

value

= current value of variable

warning_lo

warning_hi

data_lo

data_hi

= lower limit warning (displayed if applicable)

= upper limit warning (displayed if applicable)

= lower limit of allowable values

= upper limit of allowable values

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Variables can be changed. Before changing the settings on any variables, please make sure you

understand the consequences of the change. We recommend you call the factory before changing

the settings on any variables. The general format for changing the settings on a variable is:

V name[=value [warn_lo [warn_hi]]]

For example to change the warning limits on the box temperature type:

V BOX_SET 30 10 50

and the CPU should respond with:

V DDD:HH:MM IIII BOX_SET=30 10 50 (0 to 60)

The CONFIG command lists the software configuration. To show the software configuration,

type:

V CONFIG

In addition to SAMPLE and SETUP modes the M200AU has a number of additional operational

modes. They are listed in Table 5-8. To list the analyzer's current mode type:

V MODE

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6 OPTIONAL HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

Optional equipment offered with the M200AU includes:

1. Rack mount with slides

2. Rack mount without slides, ears only

3. Stainless steel zero/span valves

4. 4-20mA, isolated outputs

5. NO_yConverter

6.1 Rack Mount Options

Rack Mount including slides and ears, permits the Analyzer to be mounted in a standard 19"

wide x 24" deep RETMA rack. Can also be ordered without slides for applications requiring the

instrument to be rigidly mounted in a RETMA rack.

6.2 Zero/Span Valves

The Zero/Span Valve option consists of two stainless steel solenoid valves. This option is

applicable only to the instrument with internal molybdenum converter. See Figure 2-5 for valve

location. Connections are provided on the rear panel for span gas and zero gas inputs to the

valves. (See Figure 2-2) The valves can be actuated by several methods shown in Table 6-1.

Table 6-1: Zero/Span Valve Operation

Mode

Description

Reference Section

Front panel operation via

CALS and CALZ buttons

Calibration Section 7 - Manual Zero/Span Check.

Automatic operation using

AUTOCAL

Setup and use of AUTOCAL is described in Table 6-2,

and Section 7.3.

Remote operation using the

RS-232 interface

Setup described in Table 6-2. Operation of AUTOCAL

described in Section 5.3.2 and Section 7 - Calibration. A

complete description of the RS-232 interface is available.

Order part number 01350.

Remote operation using

external contact closures

Section 7.7 - Automatic operation using external contact

closures. Truth Table 7-8 and Section 9.3.4.3.

6-1

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Zero/Span valves have 3 operational states:

1. Sample mode. Here both valves are un-energized and sample gas passes through the

sample/cal valve and into the analyzer for analysis.

2. Zero mode. The sample/cal valve is energized to the cal mode. The zero/span valve is un-

energized in the zero mode, thus allowing zero gas to be admitted through the rear panel

bulkhead fitting into the analyzer.

3. Span mode. The sample/cal and the zero/span valves are both energized and in the cal mode.

With both valves on, span gas is admitted through a rear panel bulkhead fitting into the

analyzer.

Zero air and span gas inlets should supply their respective gases in excess of the 1000 cc/min

demand of the Analyzer. Supply and vent lines should be of sufficient length and diameter to

prevent back diffusion and pressure effects. See Figure 2-3 for fitting location and tubing

recommendations.

Zero air for this instrument should have less than 1 ppt (.001 ppb) NO and have various

interferent gas concentrations such that they produce less than 1 ppt total interferent. We

recommend a tank of Ultra Zero Air commonly used in gas chromatographic applications as a

reliable and constant source of zero air. Another source of zero air is the Model 701 zero air

module.

6.3 Autocal - Setup Zero/Span Valves

The Autocal system operates by executing SEQUENCES. It is possible to enable 0-3 sequences,

each sequence operates in one of 4 MODES:

Mode No.

Mode Name

Disabled

Zero

Action

Disables the Sequence

Does a Zero Calibration

Does a Zero and Span Calibration

Does a Span Calibration

Zero-Span

Span

6-2

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

For each mode there are seven attributes that the MODE can have that control operational details

of the SEQUENCE. They are:

Attribute No.

Attribute Name

Timer Enabled

Starting Date

Starting Time

Delta Days

Action

Turns on the Sequence timer

Sequence will operate after Starting Date

Time of day sequence will run

Number of days to skip between each Seq. execution

Number of hours later each “Delta Days” Seq is to be run.

Number of minutes the sequence operates

Calibrate the instrument at end of sequence.

Delta Time

Duration

Calibrate

Example of enabling sequence #2:

Do a span check ½ hour later every other day, lasting 15 minutes, without calibration.

Mode and Attribute

Sequence

Value

Comment

Define Seq. #2

Mode

Select Span Mode

Timer Enable

Starting Date

Starting Time

Delta Days

Delta Time

Duration

Enable the timer

Sept. 4, 1996

Start after Sept 4

01:00

First Span starts at 1:00AM

Do Seq #2 every other day

Do Seq #2 ½ hr later each time

Operate Span valve for 15 min

Do not calibrate at end of Seq

00:30

15.0

Calibrate

6-3

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 6-2: Example of AutoCal Setup

Step Action

Comment

Press

SETUP-ACAL

This button sequence will cause the AUTOCAL menu to be

displayed.

Press PREV-NEXT

Press MODE

Press PREV-NEXT until SEQ 2 is displayed

Select the MODE menu

Press PREV-NEXT

Press ENTR

Press PREV NEXT to scroll to SPAN

ENTR selects the SPAN MODE

Press SET

Select the SET menu to change the sequence attributes

Scroll the SET menu to TIMER ENABLE

Allows changing the TIMER ENABLE attribute, select ON

ENTR changes TIMER ENABLE to ON

Repeat steps 6-9 for each attribute

Press PREV-NEXT

Press EDIT

Press ENTR

Press PREV-NEXT

10. Press EXIT

Press the EXIT key to return to upper level menus

6.4 4-20 mA, Current Loop Output

The current loop option replaces the voltage output of the instrument with an isolated 4-20 mA

current output. The current outputs come out on the same terminals that were used for voltage

outputs, see Figure 2-2. See Troubleshooting Section 9.3.3 for setup and calibration.

6.5 NO_yConverter

The NO_yConverter Option allows placement of the molybdenum converter at the sample inlet

point. This configuration is useful for background studies and where it is desirable to

immediately convert certain components of the atmosphere that decompose rapidly, or may be

lost on the walls of a normal sample induction system. This group of compounds is sometimes

referred to as NO_y.

The Option consists of a modified M200AU, a M501Y chassis and remote converter. The

pneumatic diagram for this system of components is in Figure 8-7. Because of the nature of this

option, there is a separate manual “M501Y – Remotely Mounted Converter” (P/N 02808). The

manual covers setup, calibration, and operation of the system.

6-4

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

7 CALIBRATION & ZERO/SPAN CHECKS

There are several ways to check and adjust the calibration of the M200AU. These different

methods are summarized in Table 7-1. In addition, all of the methods described in this section

can be initiated and controlled via the RS-232 port.

We strongly recommend that SPAN CALIBRATION be done with NO span gas. SPAN

CHECKS can be done with either NO only, NO₂only or a mixture of NO and NO₂(GPT).

Zero air used for all calibration procedures, including GPT, should have 1 ppt NO and NO₂, less

than 1 ppt of major interferents such as SO₂, NH3, and hydrocarbons and a dew point of -5^oC or

less. The calibration gasses should be from a reliable supplier, since the quality of the tank

concentration values ultimately determines the accuracy of the analyzer. EPA protocol

calibration gasses should be used for EPA monitoring, see Section 7.6.

NOTE

If you are using the M200AU for EPA monitoring, only the

calibration method described in Section 7.6 should be used.

NOTE

If there are any problems completing any of the following procedures,

refer to Section 9.2.8 and 9.2.9 - Unable to Span or Zero.

7-1

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 7-1: Types of Zero/Span Check and Calibration

Section

Type of Cal or Check

Description

7.1

Manual Z/S Check or Calibration

through the sample port

This calibration option uses calibration gas

coming in through the sample port. Zero/Span

valves do not operate.

7.2

7.3

7.4

7.5

Manual Z/S Check or Calibration with How to operate Zero/Span Valves Option. Can be

Z/S Valves Option. used to check or adjust calibration.

Automatic Z/S Check with Z/S Valves Operates Z/S valves once per day to check the

calibration.

Dynamic Z/S Calibration with Z/S

Valves

Operates Z/S valves once per day and adjusts

calibration.

Use of Z/S Valves with Remote

Contact Closure

Operates Z/S valves with rear panel contact

closures. Without valves, can be used to switch

instrument into zero or span cal mode. Used for

either checking or adjusting zero/span.

7.6

7.7

7.8

EPA Protocol Calibration

Covers methods to be used if data is for EPA

equivalency monitoring.

Special Calibration Requirements for

Independent Ranges or AutoRanging

Covers special requirements if using Independent

Range or AutoRange

Calibration Quality

Information on how to determine if the calibration

performed will result in optimum instrument

performance.

7.9

References

Contains a list of references on quality control

and calibration.

7-2

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 7-1: Calibration Setup

7-3

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

7.1 Manual Zero/Span Check or Cal with Zero/Span Gas in

the Sample Port

The calibration of the instrument can be checked or adjusted using gas coming through the

sample port. This method is often used when the calibration gas is supplied from an external

calibrator and valve system.

This is the calibration procedure to use if the instrument is purchased without the Zero/Span

Valve option.

Since the zero gas concentration is defined as 0 ppb, it is not necessary to enter the expected zero

value. Table 7-2 details the zero calibration procedure with zero gas coming in through the

sample port.

Table 7-2: Manual Zero Calibration Procedure - Zero Gas thru Sample Port

Step Number

Action

Comment

Press CAL

The M200AU enters the calibrate mode from sample mode.

The zero gas must come in through the sample port. When the

CAL button is pressed, the adaptive filter is activated. This

allows the instrument to respond rapidly to concentration

changes regardless of their magnitude.

Wait 10 min

Press ZERO

Wait for reading to stabilize at zero value or for STABIL

reading to get to < 2 ppb.

If you change your mind after pressing ZERO, you can still

press EXIT here without zeroing the instrument.

Press ENTR

Press EXIT

Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations.

M200AU returns to sampling. Immediately after calibration,

data is not added to the DAS averages.

7-4

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Enter the expected NO_xand NO span gas concentrations:

Table 7-3: Enter Expected Span Gas Concentrations Procedure

Step Number

Action

Comment

Press

This key sequence causes the M200AU to prompt for the

CAL-CONC-NOX expected NO_xconcentration.

Enter the NO_xspan concentration value by pressing the key

under each digit until the expected value is set. This menu can

also be entered from CALS or CALZ.

Press ENTR

ENTR stores the expected NO_xspan value.

Press

Now enter the expected NO span concentration as in step one.

CAL-CONC-NO

Press ENTR

Press EXIT

Pressing ENTR stores the NO span value and returns the

prompt to the CONC menu.

Returns instrument to SAMPLE mode.

If desired, compensation for moly converter efficiency (CE) can be included in the NO_x

concentration calculation. The CE must be entered prior to calibration. Refer to Section 7.6.6.1

for the CE procedure.

Table 7-4: Manual Span Calibration Procedure - Span Gas thru Sample Port

Step Number

Action

Comment

Press CAL

The M200AU enters the calibrate mode. NO span gas should

be fed to the sample port. When the CAL button is pressed,

the adaptive filter is activated. This allows the instrument to

respond rapidly to concentration changes regardless of their

magnitude.

Wait 10 min

Press SPAN

Wait for reading to stabilize at span value.

If you change your mind after pressing SPAN, you can still

press EXIT here without spanning the instrument.

Press ENTR

Press EXIT

Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations and

causes the instrument to read the NO and NO_xspan

concentrations.

M200AU returns to sampling. Immediately after calibration,

data is not added to the DAS averages.

7-5

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

7.2 Manual Zero/Span Check or Calibration with

Zero/Span Valves Option

The Zero/Span valve option can be operated from the front panel keyboard. In the Zero/Span

valve option the zero and span gas come into the valves through ports on the rear panel of the

instrument.

Table 7-5: Manual Zero Calibration Procedure - Z/S Valves

Step Number

Action

Comment

Press CALZ

The analyzer enters the zero calibrate mode. This switches the

sample/cal and zero/span valves to allow zero gas to come in

through the zero gas inlet port in the rear panel. When the

CALZ button is pressed, the adaptive filter is activated. This

allows the instrument to respond rapidly to concentration

changes regardless of their magnitude.

Wait 10 min

Press ZERO

Wait for reading to stabilize at zero value.

If you change your mind after pressing ZERO, you can still

press EXIT here without zeroing the instrument.

Press ENTR

Press EXIT

Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations,

forcing the reading to zero.

M200AU returns to sample mode. Immediately after

calibration, readings do not go into the DAS averages.

Refer to Table 7-3 to enter expected NO and NO_xvalues.

7-6

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 7-6: Manual Span Calibration Procedure - Z/S Valves

Step Number

Action

Comment

Press CALS

The M200AU enters the calibrate mode from sample mode.

This operates the sample/cal and zero/span valves to allow

span gas to come in through the cal gas inlet port in the rear

panel. When the CALS button is pressed, the adaptive filter is

activated. This allows the instrument to respond rapidly to

concentration changes regardless of their magnitude.

Wait 10 min

Press SPAN

Wait for reading to stabilize at span value.

If you change your mind after pressing SPAN, you can still

press EXIT here without spanning the instrument.

Press ENTR

Press EXIT

Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations.

M200AU returns to sampling. Immediately after calibration,

data is not added to the DAS averages.

7.3 Automatic Zero/Span Check

In a typical air monitoring application it is desirable to have the analyzer automatically check

(AUTOCAL) its calibration each day. If provided with the proper options, the M200AU

provides this capability by using the time of day clock to signal the computer system to check

operations. When enabled, the instrument software will automatically check zero and span

(AUTOCAL) each day. Optionally, the Z/S cycle can be moved backwards or forwards a fixed

time each day.

AUTOCAL setup is covered in Table 6-2.

7.4 Dynamic Zero/Span Calibration

The AUTOCAL system described above can also optionally be used to calibrate the instrument

once each 24 hours. Dynamic Calibration is enabled by the CALIBRATE attribute in the

AUTOCAL setup menu, see Table 6-2 and Table 7-7. If calibration is initiated using the rear

panel contact closures, the DYN_ZERO and DYN_SPAN variables must be set to ON in the

VARS menu.

Before proceeding with enabling DYNAMIC Z/S you must setup the AUTOCAL feature.

Enabling AUTOCAL is described in Table 6-2. To enable DYNAMIC Zero/Span Calibration:

7-7

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 7-7: Enabling Dynamic Zero/Span

Step Number

Action

Comment

Press

Causes the M200AU go to the AutoCal menu.

SETUP-ACAL

Press PREV-NEXT Select the sequence you want for dynamic calibration.

Press SET Select the SET menu.

Press PREV-NEXT Scroll through the SET menu to the CALIBRATE attribute.

Press EDIT

Set the CALIBRATE attribute value to ON to enable

Dynamic Span.

Press EXIT

Causes the M200AU to return to SAMPLE mode.

With dynamic calibration turned on, the instrument will re-set the slope and offset values for the

NO and NO_xchannel each day. This continual re-adjustment of calibration parameters can often

mask subtle fault conditions in the analyzer. It is recommended that if Dynamic Cal is enabled,

the TEST functions, SLOPE and OFFSET values in the M200AU should be checked frequently

to assure high quality and accurate data from the instrument.

7.5 Use of Zero/Span Valves with Remote Contact Closure

The Zero/Span valve option can be operated using Remote Contact Closures provided on the rear

panel. See Figure 2-2 for connector location and pinout. When the contacts are closed, the

analyzer will switch to zero or span mode. The contacts must remain closed for at least 1 second,

and will remain in zero or span mode as long as the contacts are closed. To calibrate the

instrument at the end of the Zero/Span valve cycle (DYNAMIC CAL), the CAL_ZERO and

CAL_SPAN variables in the VARS menu must be set to ON.

The CPU monitors these two contact closures and will switch the Analyzer into zero or span

mode when the contacts are closed for at least 1 second.

In order to do another remote check, both contact closures should be held open for at least 1

second, then may be set again. Table 7-8 shows what type of check is performed based on the

settings of the two contact closures.

7-8

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 7-8: Z/S Valves Modes with Remote Contact Closure

Ext Zero CC

Contact Open

Contact Closed

Ext Span CC

Contact Open

Contact Closed

Contact Open

Operation

State when in SAMPLE mode, normal monitoring.

Span check or calibrate^*

Zero check or calibrate^*

* Calibrate only if Dynamic Calibration is enabled.

7.6 EPA Protocol Calibration

If the M200AU is to be used for EPA compliance monitoring, it must be calibrated in accordance

with the instructions in this section.

In order to insure that high quality, accurate measurements are obtained at all times, the

M200AU must be calibrated prior to use. A quality assurance program centered on this aspect

and including attention to the built-in warning features of the M200AU, periodic inspection,

regular zero/span checks and routine maintenance is paramount to achieving this.

In order to have a better understanding of the factors involved in assuring continuous and

reliable information from the M200AU, it is strongly recommended that Publication No. PB 273-

518 Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement Systems (abbreviated, Q.A.

Handbook) be purchased from the NTIS (phone 703-487-4650). Special attention should be paid

to Section 2.3 which deals with chemiluminescent based NO₂analyzers and upon which most of

this section is based. Specific regulations regarding the use and operation of ambient oxides of

nitrogen analyzers can be found in 40 CFR 50 and 40 CFR 58. Both publications are available

from the U.S. Government Printing Office (phone 202-783-3238).

7.6.1 Calibration of Equipment

In general, calibration is the process of adjusting the gain and offset of the M200AU against

some recognized standard. The reliability and usefulness of all data derived from any analyzer

depends primarily upon its state of calibration. In this section the term dynamic calibration is

used to express a multipoint check against known standards and involves introducing gas

samples of known concentration into the instrument in order to adjust the instrument to a

predetermined sensitivity and to produce a calibration relationship. This relationship is derived

from the instrumental response to successive samples of different known concentrations. As a

minimum, three reference points and a zero point are recommended to define this relationship.

The true values of the calibration gas must be traceable to NIST-SRM's (Section 2.0.7, Q.A.

Handbook).

7-9

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

All monitoring instrument systems are subject to some drift and variation in internal parameters

and cannot be expected to maintain accurate calibration over long periods of time. Therefore, it

is necessary to dynamically check the calibration relationship on a predetermined schedule. Zero

and span checks must be used to document that the data remains within control limits. These

checks are also used in data reduction and validation. Table 7-9 summarizes the initial quality

assurance activities for calibrating equipment. Table 7-10 is a matrix for the actual dynamic

calibration procedure.

Table 7-9: Activity Matrix for Calibration Equipment and Supplies

Equipment/

Supplies

Frequency And Method Action If Requirements

Acceptance Limits

Of Measurement

Are Not Met

Recorder

Compatible with output

signal of analyzer; min

chart width of 150 mm

(6 in) is recommended

Check upon receipt

Return equimpent to

supplier

Sample line

and manifold

Constructed of PTFE,

glass, or stainless steel

Check upon receipt

Return equipment to

supplier

Calibration

equipment

Meets guide line reference See Section 2.3.9 (Q. A.

Return equipment/ supplies

to supplier or take corrective

action

1 and Section 2.3.2(Q. A.

Handbook)

Working

standard NO

cylinder gas or protocol for accuracy and

Traceable to NIST-SRM

Meets limits in traceability SRM; see protocol in

Analyzed against NIST-

Obtain new working

standard and check for

traceability

Section 2.0.7, Q.A.

NO₂

stability. (Section 2.0.7, Q. Handbook

permeation

tube

A. Handbook)

Recording

forms

Develop standard forms

N/A

Revise forms as appropriate

Audit

equipment

Must not be the same as

used for calibration

System must be checked

out against known

standards

Locate problem and correct

or return to supplier

Calibrations should be carried out at the field monitoring site. The Analyzer should be in

operation for at least several hours (preferably overnight) before calibration so that it is fully

warmed up and its operation has stabilized. During the calibration, the M200AU should be in the

CAL mode, and therefore sample the test atmosphere through all components used during

normal ambient sampling and through as much of the ambient air inlet system as is practicable.

If the instrument will be used on more than one range, it should be calibrated separately on each

applicable range (See Section 7.7). Calibration documentation should be maintained with each

analyzer and also in a central backup file.

7-10

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 7-10: Activity Matrix for Calibration Procedure

Equipment/

Supplies

Frequency And Method Action If Requirements

Acceptance Limits

Of Measurement

Are Not Met

Calibration

gases

Sec. 2.0.7, Subsec. 7.1

(Q.A. Handbook)

Assayed against an

NIST-SRM quarterly,

Sec. 2.0.7, (Q.A.

Handbook)

Working gas standard is

unstable, and/or

measurement method is

out of control; take

corrective action such as

obtaining new calibration

gas.

Dilution gas

Zero air, free of

See TAD²

Return to supplier or take

appropriate action with

generation system

contaminants; TAD²and

Sec. 2.0.7, Subsec. 7.1

(Q.A. Handbook)

Multi-point

calibration

(GPT)

1. t_R< 2 minutes P_R>

2.75 ppm/min

Method

1. Adjust flow conditions

and/or reaction chamber

volume to meet

1. Sect. 7.6.4 (this

manual)

2. Use calibration

procedure in

suggested limits

2. Section 7.6.5.3 (this

manual), TAD²,

Federal Register and

Figure 7-2; see

Subsection 2.4 (Q.A.

Handbook); also TAD²

and Federal Register

2. Repeat the calibration

3. Replace or service the

converter

3. Converter efficiency >

96%

Section 7.6.7 for

frequency

3. Subsection 7.6.6 (this

manual)

7.6.2 Calibration Gas and Zero Air Sources

Production of Zero Air

Due to the high sensitivity of the M200AU special care must be taken to assure that the zero air

has extremely low levels of pollutants. We recommend using Ultra Zero Air, which is commonly

used for gas chromatographic applications. If other zero air sources are used, the NO

concentration should be < 1 ppt (0.001 ppb) and the concentration of interferent gasses should be

< 1 ppt (0.001 ppb) for the sum total of all interferents.

Devices that condition ambient air by drying and removal of pollutants are available on the

commercial market such as the Teledyne API Model 701 Zero Air Module. We recommend this

type of device for generating zero air. Detailed procedures for generating zero air are in TAD².

7-11

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Selection of NO span gas standards

The NIST-SRM's provide references against which all calibration gas mixtures must be

compared (Section 2.0.7, Q.A. Handbook). The procedure requires the comparison of the

concentration of a commercial, working calibration standard to an NIST-SRM. This is described

in Subsection 7.1 of Section 2.0.7, Q.A. Handbook. Subsections 7.1.4 and 7.1.5 describe the

verification and re-analysis of cylinder gases.

Care must be taken to assure that no oxygen is allowed in the NO tank, regulator, or sample

lines. If oxygen is present, it reacts with NO to produce NO₂, which can lead to significant errors

in NO concentration measurement.

It is good practice to request a NO_xanalysis from the supplier of the NO calibration gas.

Generally the maximum NO₂impurity that should be allowed is 1% of the NO concentration.

The NO₂impurity in the NO standard can be measured by the M200AU. A procedure is given in

the TAD for NO₂measurement.

Use of NO₂permeation tubes as standards

The steps required to compare the concentration of a commercial working calibration standard to

an NIST-SRM are described in Subsection 7.3.3 of Section 2.0.7, Q.A. Handbook. See

Subsection 7.3.6 for the re-analysis of permeation tubes.

7.6.3 Data Recording Device

Either a strip chart recorder, data acquisition system, digital data acquisition system should be

used to record the data from the M200AU RS-232 port or analog outputs. If analog readings are

being used, the response of that system should be checked against a NIST referenced voltage

source or meter. Data recording device should be capable of bi-polar operation so that negative

readings can be recorded.

7.6.4 Gas Phase Titration (GPT) System

7.6.4.1 Gas Phase Titration (GPT

Gas Phase Titration (GPT) with serial dilution is recommended for checking the converter

efficiency and NO₂channel linearity of the M200AU. Those using a NO₂permeation tube

should refer to TAD.²

The principle of GPT is based on the rapid gas phase reaction between NO and O₃which

produces stoichiometric quantities of NO₂as shown by the following equation:

NO + O³→ NO²+ O²

7-12

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Given that the NO concentration is known for this reaction, the resultant concentration of NO₂

can be determined. Ozone is added to excess NO in a dynamic calibration system, and the NO

channel of the chemiluminescent analyzer detects the changes in NO concentration. After the

addition of O₃, the observed decrease in NO concentration on the calibrated NO channel is

equivalent to the concentration of NO₂produced. The amount of NO₂generated may be varied

by adding varying amounts of O₃from a stable O₃generator. All zero air used in this procedure

should conform to the requirements stated in Section 7.

Dynamic calibration systems based on this principle are commercially available such as the

Teledyne API Model 700 Calibrator, or may be assembled by the user. A recommended

calibration system is described in the Federal Register¹and detailed in TAD.²

7.6.4.2 GPT Calibrator Check Procedure

It has been determined empirically that the NO-O₃reaction goes to completion (<1% residual

O₃) if the NO concentration in the reaction chamber (ppm) multiplied by the residence time

(min.) of the reactants in the chamber is >2.75 ppm-min. The theory behind the development of

this equation is in the Federal Register¹and in TAD.²

It is currently not known whether this relationship holds up at the extremely low concentrations

of which the M200AU is capable. We therefore recommend that the GPT procedure be carried

out at the normal flow-rate and concentrations encountered in ambient air monitoring, then

performing a serial dilution of the resultant gas stream to get the low concentration values.

The following procedures and equations should be used to determine whether an existing GPT

calibration system will meet required conditions for a specific calibration.

For calibrators that have known pre-set flow rates, use equations 7-5 and 7-6 of steps 7 and 8

(below) to verify the required conditions. If the calibrator does not meet specifications, follow

the complete procedure to determine what flow modifications must be made.

Select a NO standard gas that has a nominal concentration in the range of 50 to 100 ppm.

Determine the exact concentration [NO]_STDby referencing against an NIST-SRM, as

discussed in Section 2.0.7 (Q.A. Handbook).

Determine the volume (cm³) of the calibrator reaction chamber (V_RC). If the actual

volume is not known, estimate the volume by measuring the approximate dimensions of the

chamber and using an appropriate formula.

Determine the required minimum total flow output (F_T) using Equation 7-1:

F_T= analyzer flow demand (cm³/min) x 110/100 Equation 7-1

If more than one analyzer is to be calibrated at the same time, multiply F_Tby the number of

analyzers.

7-13

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

4. Calculate the NO concentration [NO]_OUTneeded to approximate 90% of the URL of the NO₂

analyzer to be calibrated, using Equation 7-2:

[NO]_OUT= URL of analyzer (ppm) x 90/100 Equation 7-2

Calculate the NO flow (F_NO) required to generate the NO concentration [NO]_OUT, using

Equation 7-3:

[NO

]

F_T

OUT

Equation 7-3

F_NO

[NO

]

STD

Calculate the required flow through the ozone generator (F_O), using Equation 7-4:

[NO

]

F_NOV _RC

STD

Equation 7-4

F_o

F_NO

2.75 ppm - min

Verify that the residence time (t_R) in the reaction chamber is <2 min, using Equation 7-5:

V^RC

≤ 2min Equation 7-5

+ F^NO

Verify that the dynamic parameter specification (P_R) of the calibrator's reaction chamber

is >2.75 ppm-min using Equation 7-6:

F^NO

V^RC

[

]

STD

≥ 2.75 Equation 7-6

+ F^NO

NOTE

If t_ris >2 minutes or if P_Ris <2.75 ppm-min, changes in flow conditions

(F_T, F_O, F_NO) or in the reaction chamber volume (V_RC), or both will

have to be made, and t_rand P_Rwill have to be re-calculated.

After equations 7-5 and 7-6 are satisfied, calculate the diluent air flow (F_D) using

Equation 7-7:

F_D= F_T- F_O- F_NOEquation 7-7

7-14

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

7.6.4.3 Example Calculation

Following is an example calculation that can be used to determine whether an existing GPT

calibrator will meet the required conditions for a specific calibration. For this example, it is

assumed that only the volume of the reaction chamber, V_RC, and the concentration of the NO

standard, [NO]_STD, are known. All flow settings (F_NO, F_O, F_T, and F_D) will be calculated. In many

uses, these flow settings are known and need only to be substituted in Equations 7-5 and 7-6 to

verify the required conditions. Before doing any calculations, the URL and flow demand of the

analyzer being calibrated must be known. For the M200AU:

Upper range limit = 0.5 ppm

Flow demand = 1000 cm³/min.

Volume of calibrator reaction chamber is determined by physical measurement:

_RC= 180 cm³

The concentration of the NO standard gas to be used is determined by reference against an

NIST-SRM (Section 2.0.7, Q.A. Handbook):

[NO]_STD= 50.5 ppm

Determine the total flow (F_T) required at the output manifold using Equation 7-1:

F_T= 1000 cm³/min (110/100) = 1100 cm³/min

Because low flows are difficult to control and measure, it is often advantageous to set a

higher total flow than needed. In this example, we will let F_T= 3300 cm3/min

Determine the NO conc, [NO]_OUT, required at the output manifold, using Equation 7-2:

[NO]_OUT= 0.5 ppm (90/100) = 0.45 ppm

Calculate the NO flow (F_NO) required to generate [NO]_OUT, using Equation 7-3:

0.45 ppm× 3300 ³/ min

F_NO

50.5 ppm

Calculate the required flow rate through ozone generator (F_O) using Equation 7-4:

50.5 ppm x 29.4 ³/ min x 180

- 29.4 ³/ min

F_O

2.75 ppm - min

cm⁶min

97180

- 29.4

³/ min = 282

³/ min

7-15

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Verify that the residence time (t_R) in the reaction chamber is <2 min using Equation 7-5:

180

= 0.58 min

282 ³/ min+ 29.5 ³/ min

cm cm

Verify the dynamic parameter specification (P_R) of the calibrator reaction chamber using

Equation 7-6:

29.4 ³/ min

180

= 50.5 ppm×

= 2.75 ppm

282 ³/ min+ 29.4 ³/ min 282 ³/ min+ 29.4 ³/ min

cm cm cm cm

Calculate the diluent air flow (F_D) required at the mixing chamber, using Equation 7-7:

F_D= 3300 cm³/min - 282 cm³/min –29.4 cm³/min = 2988.6 cm³/min

7.6.5 Dynamic Multipoint Calibration Procedure

The procedure for calibration of chemiluminescent NO_xanalyzers by GPT is specified in the

Federal Register.¹This section applies the general procedure to the specific case of the

M200AU.

Calibration must be performed with a calibrator that meets all conditions specified in Subsection

2.3.2 (Q.A. Handbook). Flow settings used in the GPT calibration for NO₂must be determined

as illustrated in Section 7.6.4, this manual.

The user should be sure that all flow meters are calibrated under the conditions of use against a

reliable standard. All volumetric flow rates should be corrected to 25^oC (78^oF) and 760 mm

(29.92 in.) Hg. Calibrations of flow meters are discussed in TAD.²

Gas Phase Titration (GPT) requires the use of the NO channel of the analyzer to determine the

amount of NO₂generated by titration. Therefore it is necessary to calibrate and determine the

linearity of the NO channel before proceeding with the NO₂calibration. It is also necessary to

calibrate the NO_xchannel. This can be done simultaneously with the NO calibration. During the

calibration the M200AU should be operating in its normal sampling mode, and the test

atmosphere should pass through all filters, scrubbers, conditioners, and other components used

during normal ambient sampling and as much of the ambient air inlet system as is practicable.

All operational adjustments to the M200AU should be completed prior to the calibration. The

following software features must be set into the desired state before calibration.

7-16

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Automatic Converter Efficiency compensation. See Sections 7.6.6, this manual.

Independent range selection. See Sections 5.3.4 and 7.7, this manual.

Automatic temperature/pressure compensation. See Table 9-5.

Alternate units, make sure ppb units are selected for EPA monitoring. See Section

5.3.4.5.

Autoranging option. See Section 5.3.4.2.

Converter efficiency should be set prior to calibration since its value is used in the computation

of the NO_xand NO₂concentration outputs.

The analyzer should be calibrated on the same range used for monitoring.

If AutoRanging or Independent range options are selected the highest of the ranges will result in

the most accurate calibration, and should be used.

Make sure the GPT calibration system can supply the range of concentrations at a sufficient flow

over the whole range of concentrations that will be encountered during calibration.

7-17

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 7-2: Diagram of GPT Calibration System

7-18

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

7.6.5.1 Zero Calibration Procedure

Since the zero gas concentration is defined as 0 ppb, it is not necessary to enter the expected zero

value. The following Table 7-11 details the zero calibration procedure.

Table 7-11: Zero Calibration Procedure

Step Number Action

Comment

Press CAL

The M200AU enters the calibrate mode from sample mode.

NOTE:

The analyzer does not operate the zero/span valves in this mode,

the zero gas enters through the sample port. When the CAL

button is pressed, the adaptive filter is activated. This allows the

instrument to respond rapidly to concentration changes

regardless of their magnitude.

Wait 10 min

Press ZERO

Wait for reading to stabilize at the zero value.

If you change your mind after pressing ZERO, you can still

press EXIT here without zeroing the instrument.

Press ENTR

Press EXIT

Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations.

M200AU returns to the SAMPLE mode.

7.6.5.2 NO/NO_xCalibration Procedure

Adjust the NO concentration to approximately 80% of the URL of the NO channel. The expected

NO and NO_xspan concentrations can be determined by measuring the cylinder and diluent flows

and computing the resulting concentrations. If there is any NO₂impurity in the NO standard gas

it should be taken into account when the NO_xconcentration is entered during the NO/NO_x

channel calibration. This is done by ADDING the impurity concentration to the NO

concentration to get the NO_xconcentration for calibration. Calculate the exact NO and NO_x

concentrations as follows:

]

x [NO

F_T

F_NO

STD

]

[NO

Equation 7 - 8

OUT

Enter the respective concentrations using the procedure in Table 7-12. The expected span

concentrations need not be re-entered each time a calibration is performed unless they are

changed.

Enter the expected NO_xand NO span gas concentrations:

7-19

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 7-12: Expected Span Gas Concentration Procedure

Step Number Action

Comment

Press

This key sequence causes the M200AU to prompt for the

CAL-CONC-NOX expected NO_xconcentration.

Enter the NO_xspan concentration value by pressing the key

under each digit until the expected value is set. This menu can

also be entered from CALS or CALZ.

Press ENTR

ENTR stores the expected NO_xspan value.

Press

Now enter the expected NO span concentration as in step one.

CAL-CONC-NO

Press ENTR

Pressing ENTR stores the NO span value and returns the prompt

to the CONC menu.

Press EXIT

Returns instrument to SAMPLE mode.

Sample the generated concentration until the NO and the NO_xresponses have stabilized.

Span the instrument by the following procedure:

Table 7-13: Span Calibration Procedure

Step Number Action

Comment

Press CAL

The M200AU enters the calibrate mode from sample mode.

When the CAL button is pressed, the adaptive filter is activated.

This allows the instrument to respond rapidly to concentration

changes regardless of their magnitude.

Wait 10 min

Press SPAN

Wait for readings to stabilize at span values.

If you change your mind after pressing SPAN, you can still

press EXIT here without spanning the instrument.

Press ENTR

Press EXIT

Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations.

M200AU returns to SAMPLE mode.

7-20

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

The analog voltage output should measure 80% of the voltage range selected. (e.g. 4.00VDC if

0-5V output is selected.) The readings on the front panel display should be equal to the expected

NO and NO_xconcentrations entered in the procedure given in Table 7-13. See the

Troubleshooting Section 9.2.8 if there are problems. Also see the Calibration Quality Check

procedure Section 7.8.

After the zero and the 80% URL points have been set, generate five approximately evenly

spaced calibration points between zero and 80% URL without further adjustment to the

instrument. Allow the instrument to sample these intermediate concentrations for about 10

minutes each and record the instrument NO and NO_xresponses.

Plot the analyzer NO and NO_xresponses versus the corresponding calculated concentrations to

obtain the calibration relationships. Determine the straight line of best fit (y = mx + b)

determined by the method of least squares.

After the best-fit line has been drawn for the NO and the NO_xcalibrations, determine whether

the analyzer response is linear. To be considered linear, no calibration point should differ from

the best-fit line by more than 2% of full scale.

7.6.5.3 GPT - NO₂Calibration Procedure

The M200AU computes the NO₂concentration by subtracting the NO from the NO_x

concentration. Unlike analog instruments, this difference is calculated by the M200AU's internal

computer software. It is extremely unlikely that the NO₂concentration will be in error if the NO

and NO_xchannels are calibrated correctly. Therefore this procedure is a confirmation that the

NO₂subtraction algorithm in the computer is operating correctly.

NOTE

During this procedure do not make any adjustments to the instrument.

Generate a NO concentration near 90% of the URL. Dilution air and O₃generator air

flows should be the same as used in the calculation of specified conditions of the dynamic

parameter according to Section 7.6.4. Sample this NO concentration until the NO and NO_x

responses stabilize. Record the NO and NO_xconcentrations.

7-21

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Turn on and adjust the O₃generator in the calibrator to produce sufficient O₃to decrease

the NO concentration to about 10% of full scale. This will be equivalent to 80% of the URL

of the NO₂channel. After the analyzer responses stabilize, record the resultant NO, NO_x, and

NO₂concentrations.

MOLY CONVERTER EFFICIENCY

IF THE NO_XREADING SHOULD DROP TO LESS THAN 96% OF ITS STARTING

VALUE DURING THIS STEP, IT INDICATES THE MOLY CONVERTER IS IN NEED

OF TROUBLESHOOTING OR REPLACEMENT. SEE SECTION 7.6.6 FOR FURTHER

DETAILS.

While maintaining all other conditions, adjust the ozone generator to obtain several other

concentrations of NO₂evenly spaced between the 80% URL point and the zero point. Record

the NO, NO_x, and NO₂concentrations for each additional point.

Calculate the resulting NO₂concentrations as follows:

]

* [

F_NONO₂

IMP

]

REM

[

= [NO

- [NO

Equation 7 - 10

NO₂

OUT

ORIG

F_T

Where:

[NO]_ORIGis the NO concentration before the GPT ozone is turned on, and [NO]_REMis the NO

remaining after GPT.

Plot the NO₂concentration output by the instrument on the y-axis against the generated

NO₂[NO₂]_OUTon the x-axis. The plot should be a straight line within the ± 2% linearity

criteria given for the NO_xand NO channels. If the plot is not linear the most likely cause is

that the converter needs replacing. See Section 7.6.6 on Moly converter efficiency.

7-22

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

7.6.6 Moly Converter Efficiency

The moly efficiency should be 96 to 102% efficient. If it is outside these limits it should be

replaced. The converter efficiency can be determined from the data collected in Section 7.6.5.3.

For each NO₂concentration generated:

Calculate the concentration of NO₂converted as:

]

])

NO_x

REM

[

= [

- ([

- [

Equation 7 - 11

NO₂

NO_x

CONV

OUT

ORIG

Where:

[NO_x]_ORIGis the NO_xconcentration before the GPT ozone is turned on, and [NO_x]_REMis the

NO_xremaining after GPT.1

Plot the [NO₂]_CONVconcentration output by the instrument on the y-axis against the

concentration generated [NO₂]_OUTon the x-axis. The plot should be a straight line within the

± 2% linearity criteria given for the NO_xand NO channels.

Determine the best straight line fit of the plot either by inspection or least squares. The

slope of the resulting straight line is the moly efficiency. The value should be between .96

and 1.02. If not, the moly needs to be replaced.

If you want the M200AU to automatically compensate (Section 7.6.6.1) for converter

efficiency, enter the efficiency value in the front panel by CAL-CONC-MOLY-SET, then

key in the slope from step 3 followed by ENTR. Press EXIT to return to the SAMPLE menu.

7.6.6.1 Automatic Moly Converter Efficiency Compensation

The M200AU can automatically compensate the NO_xand NO₂readings for the molybdenum

converter efficiency. There are 2 ways to enter the converter efficiency into the instrument. The

first is to enter the efficiency as a decimal fraction using the CAL-CONC-MOLY-SET menu.

The second method is to have the M200AU compute the efficiency using the CAL-MOLY-CAL

menu. The procedure is given in Table 7-14. To disable the compensation, press CAL-CONC-

MOLY-SET and enter 1.0000 as the efficiency.

7-23

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 7-14: Automatic Calculation of Converter Efficiency

Step Number Action

Comment

Press

CAL-CONC-

CONV-NO2

From the SAMPLE mode the M200AU enters the Converter

Efficiency menu and requests expected NO₂cal gas

concentration.

Key in expected

Enter the expected NO₂cal gas concentration. (We suggest you

NO₂concentration. generate a NO₂concentration of 80% of current range.)

Then ENTR

Press

Reset the previous converter efficiency value to 1.00.

CAL-CONC-

MOLY-SET

Set CE to 1.0000

Press

CAL-CONC-

CONV-CAL, wait

Allow the NO₂concentration reading to stabilize. It may take

time for the ENTR button to appear because the only valid

values for CE are .96 to 1.02. The ENTR button will not come

10 min. Then press on unless the value is in this range.

ENTR

When ENTR is pressed, the M200AU will compute the ratio of

observed NO₂concentration to expected NO₂concentration and

store the ratio.

Press SET

After the instrument calculates the CE it is good practice to

check the ratio.

Press EXIT

The M200AU will now compensate all readings for this

converter efficiency value.

7-24

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

7.6.7 Calibration Frequency

To ensure accurate measurements of the NO, NO_x, and NO₂concentrations, calibrate the

analyzer at the time of installation, and re-calibrate it:

1. No later than three months after the most recent calibration or performance audit which

indicated analyzer calibration to be acceptable.

2. An interruption of more than a few days in analyzer operation.

3. Any repairs which might affect its calibration.

4. Physical relocation of the analyzer.

5. Any other indication (including excessive zero or span drift) of possible significant

inaccuracy of the analyzer.

Following any of the activities listed above, the zero and span should be checked to determine if

a calibration is necessary. If the analyzer zero and span drifts exceed the calibration limits in

Table 9-1 of Section 2.0.9, Subsection 9.1.3 (Q.A. Handbook), a calibration should be

performed.

7.6.8 Other Quality Assurance Procedures

Precision is determined by a one-point check at least once every two weeks. Accuracy is

determined by a three-point audit once each quarter.

Essential to quality assurance are scheduled checks for verifying the operational status of the

monitoring system. The operator should visit the site at least once each week. Every two weeks a

Level 1 zero and span check must be made on the analyzer. Level 2 zero and span checks should

be conducted at a frequency desired by the user. Definitions of these terms are given in

Table 7-16.

In addition, an independent precision check between 0.08 and 0.10 ppm must be carried out at

least once every two weeks. Table 7-16 summarizes the quality assurance activities for routine

operations. A discussion of each activity appears in the following sections.

To provide for documentation and accountability of activities, a checklist should be compiled

and then filled out by the field operator as each activity is completed.

For information on shelter and sample inlet system, an in-depth study is in Field Operations

Guide for Automatic Air Monitoring Equipment, Publication No. APTD-0736, PB 202-249 and

PB 204-650, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Programs, October 1972.

7-25

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 7-15: Definition of Level 1 and Level 2 Zero and Span Checks

(from Section 2.0.9 of Q.A. Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement Systems)

LEVEL 1 ZERO AND SPAN CALIBRATION

LEVEL 2 ZERO AND SPAN CHECK

A Level 1 zero and span calibration is a A Level 2 zero and span check is an "unofficial"

simplified, two-point analyzer calibration used check of an analyzer's response. It may include

when analyzer linearity does not need to be dynamic checks made with un-certified test

checked or verified. (Sometimes when no concentrations, artificial stimulation of the

adjustments are made to the analyzer, the Level 1 analyzer's detector, electronic or other types of

calibration may be called a zero/span check, in checks of a portion of the analyzer, etc.

which case it must not be confused with a Level

Level 2 zero and span checks are not to be used

2 zero/span check.) Since most analyzers have a

as a basis for analyzer zero or span adjustments,

reliably linear or near-linear output response with

calibration updates, or adjustment of ambient

concentration, they can be adequately calibrated

data. They are intended as quick, convenient

with only two concentration standards (two-point

checks to be used between zero and span

concentration). Furthermore, one of the standards

calibrations to check for possible analyzer

may be zero concentration, which is relatively

malfunction or calibration drift. Whenever a

easily obtained and need not be certified. Hence,

Level 2 zero or span check indicates a possible

only one certified concentration standard is

calibration problem, a Level 1 zero and span (or

needed for the two-point (Level 1) zero and span

multipoint) calibration should be carried out

calibration. Although lacking the advantages of

before any corrective action is taken.

the multipoint calibration, the two-point zero and

If a Level 2 zero and span check is to be used in

the quality control program, "reference

span calibration--because of its simplicity--can

be (and should be) carried out much more

frequently. Also, two-point calibrations are easily

automated. Frequency checks or updating of the

calibration relationship with a two-point zero and

span calibration improves the quality of the

monitoring data by helping to keep the

calibration relationship more closely matched to

any changes (drifts) in the analyzer response.

response" for the check should be obtained

immediately following a zero and span (or

multipoint) calibration while the analyzer's

calibration is accurately known. Subsequent

Level 2 check responses should then be

compared to the most recent reference response

to determine if a change in response has

occurred. For automatic Level 2 zero and span

checks, the first scheduled check following the

calibration should be used for the reference

response. It should be kept in mind that any

Level 2 check that involves only part of the

analyzer's system cannot provide information

about the portions of the system not checked and

therefore cannot be used as a verification of the

overall analyzer calibration.

7-26

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

7.6.9 Summary of Quality Assurance Checks

The following items should be checked on a regularly scheduled basis to assure high quality data

from the M200AU. See Table 7-16 for a summary of activities; also the QA Handbook should be

checked for specific procedures.

7-27

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 7-16: Activity Matrix for Data Quality

Frequency And Method

Of Measurement

Action If Requirements

Are Not Met

Characteristic

Acceptance Limits

Shelter temperature

Mean temperature

between 22^oC and

28^oC (72^oand 82^oF),

daily fluctuations not

greater than ±2^oC

Check thermograph chart

weekly for variations

greater than ±2^oC (4^oF)

1. Mark strip chart for

the affected time

period

2. Repair or adjust

temperature control

Sample introduction

system

1. No moisture,

foreign material,

leaks, obstructions

Weekly visual inspection

Clean, repair, or replace

as needed

2. Sample line

connected to

manifold

Recorder

1. Adequate ink &

paper

1. Replenish ink and

paper supply

2. Legible ink traces

2. Adjust time to agree

with clock; note on

chart

3. Correct chart

speed and range

4. Correct time

Analyzer operational 1. TEST

settings measurements at

Weekly visual inspection

Adjust or repair as

needed

nominal values

2. M200AU in

SAMPLE mode

Analyzer operational Zero and span within Level 1 zero/span every 2

1. Find source of error

and repair

check

tolerance limits as

described in Subsec.

9.1.3 of Sec. 2.0.9

(Q.A. Handbook)

weeks

Level 2 between Level 1

checks at frequency desired

by user

2. After corrective

action, re-calibrate

analyzer

Precision check

Assess precision as

described in Sec. 2.0.8 3.4.3 (Ibid.)

and Subsec. 3.4.3

Every 2 weeks, Subsec.

Calc, report precision,

Sec. 2.0.8 (Ibid.)

(Ibid.)

7-28

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

7.6.10 ZERO and SPAN Checks

A system of Level 1 and Level 2 zero/span checks (see Table 7-1) is recommended. These

checks must be conducted in accordance with the specific guidance given in Subsection 9.1 of

Section 2.0.9 (Q.A. Handbook). Level 1 zero and span checks must be conducted every two

weeks. Level 2 checks should be conducted in between the Level 1 checks at a frequency desired

by the user. Span concentrations for both levels should be between 70 and 90% of the

measurement range.

Zero and span data are to be used to:

Provide data to allow analyzer adjustment for zero and span drift;

Provide a decision point on when to calibrate the analyzer;

Provide a decision point on invalidation of monitoring data.

Items 1 and 2 are described in detail in Subsection 9.1.3 of Section 2.0.9 (Q.A. Handbook). Item

3 is described in Subsection 9.1.4 of the same section.

Refer to the Troubleshooting Section 9 of this manual if the instrument is not within the allowed

variations.

7.6.10.1 Zero/Span Check Procedures

The Zero and Span calibration can be checked a variety of different ways. They include:

Manual Zero/Span Check

Zero and Span can be checked from the front panel keyboard. The procedure is in Section 7.1

of this manual.

Automatic Zero/Span Checks

After the appropriate setup, Z/S checks can be performed automatically every night. See

Table 6-2 and Section 7.3 of this manual for setup and operation procedures.

Zero/Span checks via remote contact closure

Zero/Span checks can be initiated via remote contact closures on the rear panel. See Section

7.5 of this manual.

Zero/Span via RS-232 port

Z/S checks can be controlled via the RS-232 port. See Section 5.5 of this manual for more

details.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

7.6.10.2 Precision Check

A periodic check is used to assess the data for precision. A one-point precision check must be

carried out at least once every 2 weeks on each analyzer at an NO₂concentration between 0.08

and 0.10 ppm. The analyzer must be operated in its normal sampling mode, and the precision test

gas must pass through all filters, scrubbers, conditioners, and other components used during

normal ambient sampling. The standards from which precision check test concentrations are

obtained must be traceable to NIST-SRM. Those standards used for calibration or auditing may

be used.

7.6.10.3 Precision Check Procedure

Connect the analyzer to a precision gas that has an NO₂concentration between 0.08 and

0.10 ppm. NO₂precision gas may be generated by either GPT or a NO₂permeation tube. If a

precision check is made in conjunction with a zero/span check, it must be made prior to any

zero or span adjustments.

Allow the analyzer to sample the precision gas until a stable trace is obtained.

Record this value. NO and NO_xprecision checks should also be made if those data are

being reported. Information from the check procedure is used to assess the precision of the

monitoring data; see Section 2.0.8 (Q.A. Handbook) for procedures for calculating and

reporting precision.

7.6.11 Recommended Standards for Establishing Traceability

To assure data of desired quality, two considerations are essential: (1) the measurement process must

be in statistical control at the time of the measurement and (2) the systematic errors, when combined

with the random variation in the measurement process, must result in a suitably small uncertainty.

Evidence of good quality data includes documentation of the quality control checks and the

independent audits of the measurement process by recording data on specific forms or on a quality

control chart and by using materials, instruments, and measurement procedures that can be traced to

appropriate standards of reference. To establish traceability, data must be obtained routinely by

repeated measurements of standard reference samples (primary, secondary, and/or working

standards). More specifically, working calibration standards must be traceable to standards of higher

accuracy, such as those listed below in Table 7-17.

7-30

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 7-17: NIST-SRM's Available for Traceability of Calibration and Audit Gas

Standards

Nominal

Concentration

NIST-SRM⁴

Type

Size, at STP

1683a

1684a

1685a

Nitric oxide in N₂

870

50 ppm

100 ppm

250 ppm

Permeation Tubes

Concentration, ppm

at flow rates of:

1 L/min/5 L/min

Permeation rate,

ug/min

NIST-SRM⁴

Type

1629

Nitrogen dioxide

1.0

0.5/0.1

Cylinders of working gas traceable to NIST-SRM's (called EPA Protocol Calibration Gas) are

also commercially available (from sources such as Scott Specialty Gases, Scott-Marin etc.).

7.6.12 Certification Procedures of Working Standards

The NO content of the NO working standard must be periodically assayed against NIST-traceable

NO or NO₂standards. Any NO₂impurity in the cylinder must also be assayed. Certification of the

NO working standard should be made on a quarterly basis or more frequently, as required.

Procedures are outlined below for certification against NO traceable standard. The simplest and most

straightforward procedure is to certify against a NO standard.

NOTE

If the assayed concentration of NO₂impurity in the NO cylinder,

[NO₂]_imp, is greater than the 1 ppm value allowed in the calibration

procedure, make certain that the NO delivery system is not the

source of contamination before discarding the NO standard.

7-31

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

7.6.12.1 NO Working Standard Traced to NIST NO Standard

First, use the NIST-traceable NO standard and the GPT calibration procedure to calibrate the

NO, NO_x, and NO₂responses of the analyzer. Also determine the efficiency of the Molycon.

Refer to the calibration procedure described in Section 7.6.4.2.

Then, generate several NO concentrations by diluting the NO working standard. Use the nominal

NO cylinder concentration, [NO]_NOM, to calculate the diluted concentrations. Plot the analyzer

NO response (in ppm) versus the nominal diluted NO concentration and determine the slope,

S_NOM. Calculate the NO concentration of the working standard [NO]_STDfrom:

[NO]_STD= [NO]_NOMx S_NOM

A procedure is presented in the TAD in Reference 2.

7.6.12.2 Other Methods of Establishing Traceability

They are:

NO working standard traced to NIST NO₂standard

NO₂working standard traced to NIST NO₂standard

NOTE

For further information on calibration by GPT and NO₂permeation

devices, refer to part 50 of Chapter 1, Title 40 CFR, Appendix F

(revised December 1, 1976) and Reference 13 of that Appendix.

7.7 Calibration of Independent Ranges or Autoranging

There are additional considerations when AutoRange or Independent Ranges are selected. The

M200AU uses one physical range of 0-2000 ppb to cover all EPA concentration ranges. The

dynamic range of the internal hardware and computer software is sufficient to cover this entire

range. Internally the range only scales parts of the 0-2000 ppb physical range to cover the

voltage range selected for the analog outputs.

7.7.1 Zero Calibration with AutoRange or Independent Range

Having one physical range to cover all EPA concentration ranges simplifies zero calibration. No

matter what AutoRange or Independent Range values are selected the values computed from a

zero calibration are the same. Therefore no special precautions need to be taken when doing a

zero calibration.

7-32

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

7.7.2 Span Calibration with AutoRange or Independent Range

Observe the following guidelines when calibrating in AutoRange or Independent Range.

When doing a span calibration of the M200AU use 80% of the highest of the ranges. This

will result in the most accurate calibration.

When selecting concentrations for the NO/NO_xor NO₂(GPT) dynamic calibrations use

80% of the highest AutoRange or the highest Independent Range. This will produce the most

accurate calibration.

If the calibration data is obtained from the RS-232 port or from the front panel display,

no special changes are necessary if the instrument is in AutoRange or Indep. Range. This is

because the internal hardware and software has sufficient dynamic range to cover the entire

EPA equivalent range, also those features only affect the analog outputs.

If using the analog outputs and a chart recorder or datalogger, be sure to note when

AutoRange occurs so that the correct concentration values are used. With Independent

Ranges, change the ranges so that all ranges are equal to the highest range so that all

calibration data is on scale.

Calibration curves or relationships should be obtained for each range used.

7.8 Calibration Quality

After calibration is complete, it is very important to check the QUALITY of the calibration. The

calibration of the M200AU involves balancing several sections of electronics and software to

achieve an optimum balance of accuracy, noise, linearity and dynamic range.

The following procedure checks the Slope and Offset parameters in the equations used to

compute the NO, and NO_xconcentrations. It is important that they fall within certain limits with

respect to themselves and to each other. For an explanation of the use of these terms in the

concentration calculation see Section 5.2.2.5.

The slope and offset parameters are similar to the span and zero pots on an analog instrument.

Just as in the analog instrument, if the slope or offset get outside of a certain range, the

instrument will not perform as well.

The slope value will be slightly different on the NO and NO_xchannels. This is due to slight

differences in pneumatic resistance in each pathway. If the slopes are significantly different,

there is a calibration error or a cross port leak in the switching valve. If there is a sudden large

change in slopes after a calibration, that usually indicates a change in reaction cell pressure. This

generally requires a Factory Calibration covered in Section 9.1.6.

7-33

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

The offset value gives information about the background signal level. Check the observed offset

value against the factory value in Table 2-1. If significantly higher, check Section 9.1.6. Also,

after calibration check the PREREACT – TEST function reading and compare it against the

factory checkout value. Increasing readings are a predictor of problems.

Table 7-18: Calibration Quality Check

Step Number Action

Comment

Scroll the TEST

The SLOPE value for NO_xshould be 1.0 ± 0.3. If the value is

not in this range, check Section 9.1.6. If the SLOPE value is in

the acceptable range the instrument will perform optimally.

function menu until

the NO_xSLOPE is

displayed.

Scroll the TEST

function menu until

the NO SLOPE is

displayed.

The SLOPE value for NO should be 1.0 ± 0.3. If the SLOPE is

in the acceptable range the instrument will perform optimally. If

the value is not in this range, check Section 9.1.6.

NOTE:

The NO and NO_xslopes should be equal within ± 0.1.

Scroll the TEST

This number should be near zero. Values between –10 to 150

function menu until mV are acceptable. This number already has the PREREACT

the NO_xOFFSET is value subtracted out and is mainly the background signal due to

displayed.

the molybdenum converter. If the OFFSET value is outside this

range, check Section 9.1.6.

Scroll the TEST

The instrument will now display the NO OFFSET value. Values

function menu until between –10 to 150 mV are acceptable. This number already

the NO OFFSET is has the PREREACT reading subtracted out and should be near

displayed.

zero. If the OFFSET value is outside this range, check

Section 9.1.6.

After the above procedure is complete, the M200AU is ready to measure sample gas.

7-34

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

7.9 References

Environmental Protection Agency, Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 50,

Appendix F, Measurement Principle and Calibration Procedure for the Measurement of

Nitrogen Dioxide in the Atmosphere (Gas Phase Chemiluminescence), Federal Register, 41

(232): pp 52688-52692, December 1976.

Ellis, Elizabeth C. Technical Assistance Document for the Chemiluminescence

Measurement of Nitrogen Dioxide, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research

Triangle Park, NC. October 1976. 91 p.

Quality Assurance Requirements for State and Local Air Monitoring Stations (SLAMS),

Appendix A, Federal Register, Vol. 44, No. 92, pp 27574-27582, May 1979.

Catalog of NBS Standard Reference Materials. NBS Special Publication 260, 1975-76

Edition. U.S. Department of Commerce, NBS. Washington, D.C. June 1975.

Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement Systems - Volume I,

Principles. EPAN-600/9-76-005. December 1984.

Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement Systems - Volume II,

Ambient Air Specific Methods. EPA-600/4-77/027a, December 1986.

Quality Assurance Requirements for Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) Air

Monitoring, Appendix B, Federal Register, Vol. 44, No. 92, pp 27582-27584, May 1979

7-35

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INTENTIONALLY BLANK

7-36

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

8 MAINTENANCE

8.1 Maintenance Schedule

NOTE

The operations outlined in this chapter are to be

performed by qualified maintenance personnel only.

Table 8-1: Preventative Maintenance Schedule

Item

Maintenance Interval

6 - 12 month intervals

Annually or after repairs

Daily

Reference Section

Table 9-1

TEST Functions

Zero/Span Calibration

Zero/Span Checks

Particulate Filter

Filter for PermaPure Drier

Reaction Cell Window

Ozone Flow

Section 7

Section 7, Table 6-2

Figure 8-1

Weekly as needed

Replace every 12 months

Clean annually or as necessary

Check every year

Figure 9-7

Section 9.3.8, 8.4, Figure 8-3

Figure 9-9, Section 9.3.7

Figure 8-4, Section 8.5

Sample Flow

Check every year

Moly Converter

Check efficiency every 6

months

Pneumatic Lines

Examine every 12 months, clean Figure 8-5, Figure 8-6, Figure 8-7

if necessary

Factory Calibration

Calibrate each year or after

repairs

Section 9.1.6

Leak Check

O-rings

Check every year

Section 8.7

Replace if seal is broken

Figure 9-9, Figure 9-10

8-1

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 8-2: Preventative Maintenance Calendar

Maintenance

Interval

Item

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul

Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

6 - 12 month

intervals

TEST Functions

Zero/Span

Calibration

Annually or after

repairs

Zero/Span Checks

Particulate Filter

Daily

Weekly as needed

Filter for PermaPure

Drier

Replace every 12

months

Reaction Cell

Window

Clean annually or as

necessary

Ozone Flow

Sample Flow

Check every year

Check efficiency

every 6 months

Moly Converter

Examine every 12

months, clean if

necessary

Pneumatic Lines

Calibrate each year

or after repairs

Factory Calibration

Leak Check

O-rings

Check every year

Replace if seal is

broken

8-2

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

8.2 Replacing the Sample Particulate Filter

The particulate filter should be inspected often for signs of plugging or contamination. It is also

common for dirt particles to absorb NO₂, thus causing those readings to be low.

To check and change the filter:

Fold down the M200AU front panel.

Locate the filter on the left side of the analyzer front panel. See Figure 8-1 for an

exploded view of the filter assembly.

Visually inspect the filter through the glass window.

If the filter appears dirty, unscrew the hold-down ring, remove the teflon o-ring and then

the filter.

Replace the filter, being careful that the element is fully seated in the bottom of the

holder. Replace the teflon o-ring, then screw on the hold-down ring and hand tighten.

8-3

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Figure 8-1: Replacing the Particulate Filter

8-4

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

8.3 Sample Pump Maintenance

The external sample pump is capable of maintaining the cell pressure at better than 4.0 "Hg-A. If

a higher pressure is noted, the pump may need servicing. Check the pump and pneumatic system

for leaks or rebuild pump. The ozone scrubber is integrated into the molybdenum converter

inside the instrument.

See Figure 8-2 for component locations.

8-5

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 8-2: Sample Pump Assembly

8-6

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

8.4 Cleaning the Reaction Cell

The reaction cell should be cleaned whenever troubleshooting points to it as the cause of the

trouble. A dirty cell will cause excessive noise, unstable zero or span, or low response.

To clean the reaction cell it is necessary to remove the reaction cell from the sensor housing. Use

the following guide:

Turn off the instrument power and vacuum pump.

Loosen the hold down screws for pneumatic sensor assembly and move the assembly to

the side.

Disconnect the exhaust fitting and inlet fittings. See Figure 8-3.

Loosen four screws holding the reaction cell to the sensor.

Disconnect heater/thermistor and lift the cell away.

The reaction cell will separate into two halves:

The manifold assembly

The reaction block with reaction sleeve and window

The reaction sleeve and window should be cleaned with methanol and a clean tissue and

dried.

Normally it is not necessary to clean the sample and ozone flow orifices since they are

protected by sintered SS filters. If tests shows that cleaning is necessary then do the

following:

The manifold O-rings, springs, sintered SS filters, and orifices should be removed

before cleaning. It is suggested that the orifice, filter and o-rings be replaced

unless an ultrasonic cleaner and methanol or methylene chloride is available. Both

orifice and sintered filter may be cleaned with an ultrasonic bath for 30 minutes in

either solvent.

After cleaning with solvent, flush copiously with tap waster.

Now, rinse parts in either D1 or distilled water.

Dry parts prior to re-installation.

Do not remove the sample and ozone nozzles. They are Teflon threaded and require a

special tool for re-assembly. If necessary, the manifold with nozzles attached can be

cleaned in an ultrasonic bath.

10.

11.

Reassemble in proper order and re-attach onto sensor housing. Reconnect pneumatics and

heater connections, then re-attach the pneumatic sensor assembly and the cleaning

procedure is complete.

After cleaning, the analyzer span response may drop 10 - 12% in the first 1-2 days as the

reaction cell window conditions.

8-7

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 8-3: Reaction Cell Assembly

8-8

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

8.5 Replacing the Molybdenum Converter

The Molybdenum Converter is located in the center of the instrument, refer to Figure 2-5 for its

location. Refer to Figure 8-4. The heater, thermocouple, converter is designed to be replaced as a

single unit.

Turn off the power to the M200AU and allow the converter to cool.

Remove the entire assembly from the chassis

A. Remove the pneumatic fittings from the valves.

B. Remove the power to the valves, thermocouple wire and cartridge heater.

C. Remove the converter assembly from the chassis by loosening the 4 captive screws that

secures the assembly to the chassis.

CAUTION

The converter operates at 315ºC. Severe burns can result

if not enough time is allowed for the assembly to cool. Do

not handle assembly until it is at room temperature.

Disconnect the gas fittings and power cable grounding from the can.

Remove the valve assembly and bottom bracket and re-attach those two parts to the

replacement moly assembly.

Re-attach the pneumatic fittings and valve assembly to the can.

Install the assembly back into the analyzer. Re-attach the electrical and pneumatic

fittings. Leak check the assembly when completed.

Turn the power back on. The insulation can emit a burnt odor for the first 24 hours, this is

normal. Allow the converter to burn-in for 24 hours, then re-calibrate the instrument.

8-9

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Figure 8-4: Molybdenum Converter Assembly

8-10

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

8.6 Pneumatic Line Inspection

Particulate matter in the pneumatic lines will affect both flow rate and response time. It is

important that the pneumatic system be periodically inspected and thoroughly cleaned if

necessary. Clean by disassembling and passing methanol through three times. Dry with nitrogen

or clean zero air.

Also inspect all pneumatic lines for cracks and abrasion on a regular basis. Replace as necessary.

Refer to the pneumatic diagram in Figure 8-5, Figure 8-6 and Figure 8-7.

8-11

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Figure 8-5: Pneumatic Diagram - Standard Configuration

8-12

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 8-6: Pneumatic Diagram with Zero/Span Valve Option

8-13

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 8-7: Pneumatic Diagram with External Converter Option

8-14

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

8.7 Leak Check Procedure

If a leak checker is not available, it is possible to leak check the instrument using the M200AU's

pump plus a shut-off valve.

Turn off instrument power and pump power.

Cap the sample inlet port, ozone generator air inlet, and zero air inlet (if Z/S valve option

present).

Insert a shut-off valve between the sample pump and the vacuum manifold at the rear of

the instrument.

Turn on the sample pump and set the TEST function to RCEL, which measures the

reaction cell pressure. Close the shutoff valve and monitor the cell pressure. The pressure

should not drop more than 1"-Hg (0.5psi) in 5 minutes. If there is a leak, it is not possible by

this method to tell where it is located. You can locate the leak by using a pressure leak

checker described below.

The sensor module is equipped with a fitting at the top of housing near the heat sink fins.

This fitting can be pressurized and the sensor checked for leaks. The leak-down rate is the

same as above.

If you have a leak checker:

Turn off instrument power and pump power.

Disconnect pump at rear panel. Cap the sample inlet port, ozone generator air inlet, and

zero air inlet (if Z/S valve option present) and connect the leak checker to the exhaust port.

CAUTION

Pressure must be less than 15 psi.

8-15

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Pressurize system and check for leaks by watching overall pressure. The pressure should

not drop more than 1"-Hg (0.5psi) in 5 minutes.

If the instrument fails the pressure test, each fitting needs to be leak checked to find the location.

Be careful that the system is always pressurized so as not to draw soap solution into the

plumbing system. Make sure you dry off any accumulated bubble solution. Refer to Figure 8-5,

Figure 8-6 and Figure 8-7 for pneumatic diagrams.

The Sensor module can be leak checked as a unit using a 1/8" tubing fitting on top of the

assembly. The same rules as above apply.

Pressurize to <15psi.

After turning off pressure tester, pressure should not drop more than 1" Hg in 5 minutes.

8.8 Light Leak Check Procedure

Scroll the TEST functions to PMT.

Input zero gas

Shine a powerful flashlight or portable incandescent light at the inlet and outlet fitting,

and at all the joints of the reaction cell. The PMT value should not respond to the light.

If there is a response, tighten the joints or replace the tubing with new black PTFE tubing.

We often find light leaks are caused by o-rings being left out of the assembly.

8.9 Prom Replacement Procedure

Preparation: If any setup changes such as RANGE, AUTOCAL ON/OFF etc. have been made,

record the changes because all settings should be checked after the PROM is changed. See

Figure 9-2 for location of prom on CPU card.

Turn the machine off.

Remove the hold down screw that holds in the V/F-CPU assembly to the motherboard.

Disconnect the J9 power connector from the motherboard. Gently lift the assembly far

enough out of the instrument to remove the connector to the display and the RS-232

connector.

The CPU board is attached to the larger V/F board.

8-16

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Remove the board, laying it down on an insulating surface such that the board edge pins

on the PCB are on the left. The PROM chip should be at the top center. The current chip

should be labeled with something like "2AUC8…". See Figure 9-2 for prom location. Gently

pry the chip from its socket and replace it with the new chip. Install the chip in the left end of

the socket with the notch facing to the right. Make sure that all of the legs insert into the

socket correctly.

Re-attach the CPU board to the V/F board, and re-attach the assembly to the

motherboard.

Turn the M200AU ON and observe the front panel display. As the machine goes through

the setup the version number will be displayed on the front panel. It should read the same as

the version number printed on the prom.

Re-enter any non-default settings such as RANGE or AUTOCAL. Re-enter the SPAN

values in the CAL-CONC menu. Check all settings to make sure that expected setup

parameters are present.

Re-calibrate the Analyzer so that the default slope and intercept are overwritten with the

correct values.

8-17

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9 TROUBLESHOOTING, ADJUSTMENTS

NOTE

The operations outlined in this chapter are to be

performed by qualified maintenance personnel only.

This section of the manual contains information on diagnosing and repairing instrument

performance problems. It contains information on how to use and interpret TEST and

DIAGNOSTIC data as well as WARNING messages the instrument generates. There is

information on how to troubleshoot the instrument subsystems. Finally there is information to

perform adjustments such as DAC calibration procedures.

This manual provides troubleshooting procedures that address problems to the board level. For

component level troubleshooting, consult the schematics for the appropriate board in the

Appendix.

NOTE

The values of the readings shown on the front panel of the

instrument may at times read XXXXXX. This means that the

reading is off scale and therefore meaningless.

General Troubleshooting Hints

If the fault light is on and it stays on after you clear the warning messages, see Section

9.1.2.

Think of the analyzer as three sections:

Section 1: Pneumatics - Over 50% of all analyzer problems are traced to leaks in the pump

assembly, sample filter, instrument internal pneumatics, calibrator or external sample

handling equipment. Suspect a leak first, and refer to Section 8.7.

Section 2: Electronics - data processing section. This can be readily checked out using

Electric Test in Section 9.1.3.2.

Section 3: Optics - Optical section consisting of PMT, HVPS, Preamp, and signal

processing. Refer to Section 9.1.3.3 on use of Optical Test.

9-1

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Check the TEST functions:

A. Compare the TEST functions to the factory values in Table 2-1. This will often provide

important clues as to the problem.

B. Pay special attention to the NO and NO_xslopes:

C. The slopes are the software equivalent of the span pot on an analog instrument. If the

slopes are not 1.0 ± 0.3, the gain has changed.

D. Check the Pre-reactor - PREREACT - reading in the TEST functions. Compare it to the

value in the factory checkout Table 2-1. If the reading is significantly greater than the

factory test value, the reaction cell could be contaminated or there could be a light leak in

the cell. Verify this fault by turning the ozone generator off and see if the reading drops

more than 25 mV.

E. Check for a change in cell pressure (vacuum) - compare to value in Table 2-1. - possible

causes:

Partially plugged ozone killer

Change of pump or malfunctioning pump

Plugged pneumatics

Change in altitude

Check for pneumatic leaks - perform the leak check procedure in Section 8.7. If slopes

are different from each other by > .1, this usually indicates a leak in the switching (NO/NO_x)

valve or improper calibration.

Check for light leaks - Turn off the ozone generator, then wait 7 minutes. If the reading

drops significantly, the reaction cell is contaminated. If not, a light leak is indicated.

Incorrect span gas concentration - this could come either from the calibrator or entering

the expected span gas concentration in the M200AU incorrectly, see Table 7-3.

If the instrument does not respond to span gas, check Section 9.2.3.

The above should get you started in diagnosing and repairing the most common faults. If these

reasons have been eliminated, the next thing to do is a Factory Calibration covered in Section

9.1.6 or check Section 9.2 for other fault diagnosis. If difficulties persist, contact our service

department. The 800 telephone number is on the cover page of this manual.

9-2

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.1 Operation Verification-M200AU Diagnostic Techniques

9.1.1 Fault Diagnosis with TEST Variables

Table 9-1 indicates possible fault conditions that could cause the TEST functions to be outside

the acceptable range.

9-3

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 9-1: Test Functions

Test Function

Factory Set-Up

Comment

RANGE

500 PPB

This is the Range of the instrument. In standard configuration all 3

outputs have the same range.

Independent range option allows different ranges for each output.

When enabled, there will be 3 range values displayed.

Auto range option allows 2 different ranges for all outputs, and

will automatically switch to the other range dynamically as

concentration values require. The TEST values will show the

range the instrument is currently operating in, and will

dynamically display the alternate range as the range changes

occur.

STABIL

Check value in

Final Test Values

Table 2-1

The instrument stability is the Std. Deviation of the last 50 min of

NO_xconc data. It is computed for the NO_xchannel only. The noise

value only becomes meaningful if sampling a constant

concentration for more than 50 minutes. The noise value should be

compared to the value observed in the factory check-out.

Faults that cause high noise values are:

1. Gas leaks

2. Light leak

3. Faulty HVPS

4. Defective Preamp board

5. Outgassing Moly converter

6. PMT recently exposed to room light

7. Dirty/contaminated reaction cell

8. Mis-calibrated (slope - offset outside of limits)

SAMPLE FLW

1000 cc/min

± 100

This is the instrument flow. It is computed using the up stream and

down stream pressures across the sample flow orifice. This

method can give a false flow indication if the orifice is plugged

and the sample pump is creating a pressure drop. It should be

taken into account when diagnosing instrument faults.

- A rapid method of determining if the orifice is plugged is to

disconnect the sample and ozone tubes from the reaction cell, then

briefly put your finger over the fittings on the cell. You should

feel the vacuum build up. Also note the difference between the

high sample flow and the low ozone flow rate.

- Another reliable method is to attach a rotameter or soap bubble

flowmeter to the fittings to measure the flows.

Flow rate will change ± a few cc/min due to changes in ambient

air pressure such as cycling of air conditioning, or passing weather

fronts. Changing altitude changes the ambient air pressure and

therefore the sample flowrate. This effect is about 15-20 cc/min

per 1000 feet of altitude change. If required, the output of the

instrument can be compensated for pressure. See Section 5.3.9,

Table 9-5.

(table continued)

9-4

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 9-1: Test Functions (Continued)

Test Function

Factory Set-Up

Comment

OZONE FL

This is the Ozone flow. It is measured by a solid state flow meter,

and thus is a true indication of flow.

80 cc/min ± 10

If you suspect there is no ozone being generated, disconnect the

tube at the reaction cell and rub the end of the tube on your

fingertips, then sniff your fingers. The odor of ozone should be

readily apparent.

PMT

0-5000 mV

This is the instantaneous output of the PMT. During normal

operation the value varies widely as the M200AU switches from

NO to NO_xto Pre-reactor modes. Changes in reading will be

synchronized with valve switching. The PMT voltage values will

be relatively constant when:

1. Electric test - variation in the 2000 mV signal observed will be

sampling errors of the V/F board and preamp noise. See Section

9.1.3.2.

2. Optic test - variation in the 2000 mV signal will be PMT dark

current, preamp, HVPS plus item 1 above. See Section 9.1.3.3.

3. Sampling zero gas - signal from 1, 2 plus signal from ozone

generator air

4. Sampling pure NO span gas - signal will be 1, 2, 3, above plus

signal from chemiluminescent reaction. Slight pulsations will

be noticed as the M200AU switches from NO to NO_x. This is

due to differences in flowrates in each channel. These

differences are taken out in the calibration process resulting in

slightly different slopes for the NO and NO_xchannels. Large

pulsations when switching to the NO_xchannel is indicative of a

bad moly converter.

When sampling zero gas the PMT reading should be less than 150

mV and relatively constant.

High or noisy readings could be due to:

1. Excessive background light which is caused by a possible

contaminated reaction cell.

2. Humidity (undried ambient air) in the ozone generator feed air.

3. PMT recently exposed to room light. It takes 24-48 hours for

the PMT to adapt to dim light.

4. Light leak in reaction cell.

5. Improper slopes

NORM PMT

0-5000 mV

The Normalized PMT reading is to be used as the PMT reading

during the FACTORY CALIBRATION procedure. In addition to

the raw mV reading from the PMT this reading is adjusted using

certain other factors to produce an accurate reading for the Factory

Calibration procedure.

(table continued)

9-5

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 9-1: Test Functions (Continued)

Test Function

Factory Set-Up

Comment

PREREACT

Check value in

Final Test Values

Table 2-1

PREREACT is the current value of the Pre-reactor circuit reading.

The number typically should be

0 mV -15/+35 if the instrument is sampling zero air. When the

M200AU is in SAMPLE mode readings may be higher if sample

gas contains hydrocarbons. If a problem is suspected, check the

Pre-reactor and NO/NO_xvalves for cross port leaks. Use

Diagnostic mode to manually switch the valves while checking for

leaks and correct operation.

HVPS

450 – 900 VDC

This represents the scaled-up HVPS programming voltage to the

HVPS. The design of the HVPS precludes taking a single reading

that indicates the health of the supply. Refer to the HVPS

Troubleshooting Section 9.3.8.5 for a procedure for testing the

HVPS. This TEST function is used primarily to set the HVPS

voltage value. A value not in the 450 to 900 volt range indicates

problems with the HVPS supply.

DCPS

2500 ± 200 mV

DCPS is a composite of the +5 and ± 15 VDC supplies. It has

been arbitrarily set at 2500 ± 200 mV. If it is not in this range one

of the voltages in the supply is not working. Check the procedures

for diagnosing the Power Supply Module in Section 9.3.5.

RCELL TEMP

40 ± 1° C

The reaction cell temperature is controlled to 40° C ± 1° C by the

computer. It should only read other values when the instrument is

warming up. If the value is outside the acceptable range, go to the

procedure for diagnosing the Reaction cell temp supply in Section

9.3.8.2. The alarm limits are less than 35° C and greater than

45° C.

BOX TEMP

PMT TEMP

The Box Temp is read from a thermistor on the Status/Temp

board. It should usually read about 5° C above room temp. The

M200AU is designed to operate from 20 to 30° C ambient.

Therefore the box temperature should be in the range of about 10

to 50° C. Temperatures outside this range will cause premature

failures of components, and poor data quality. Warning limits are

< 8° C and > 48° C.

8 - 48° C

The PMT detector is very temperature sensitive. The PMT

temperature should always be –5° C, except at power-up.

Temperatures more than ± 1° C from the set point indicate

problems with the cooler circuit. See Section 9.3.8.4 for PMT

cooler diagnostic and troubleshooting. Warning limits are < -8° C

and > -2° C.

-5 ± 1° C

40 ± 2^oC

BLOCK TEMP

Reports the temperature of the sample flow and ozone flow

control orifices. Variations in these temperatures will cause span

concentration drift.

(table continued)

9-6

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 9-1: Test Functions (Continued)

Test Function

Factory Set-Up

Comment

MOLY TEMP

Moly temp is controlled by the CPU to 315° C. After cold start it

requires about 30 min to come to temperature. After temperature is

315 ± 5° C

reached temperature should not vary more than ± 5° C. See

Section 9.3.4 for troubleshooting. Warning limits are < 290° C and

> 320° C.

RCEL PRESS

RCEL is the pressure in the Reaction Cell. The instrument is very

sensitive to variations in reaction cell pressure. A 10% change in

output per 1"Hg pressure is typical. The pressure reading will

change when the NO/NO_xand Pre-reactor valves switch,

otherwise it should remain constant. The reaction cell pressure

will be lower at higher altitude due to lower pump back-pressure.

Pressures higher than the acceptable range will decrease

instrument noise performance and sensitivity.

3.5 ± 1 in-Hg-A

SAMP PRESS

29.5"Hg at sea

level

The sample pressure is taken upstream of the reaction cell. It

usually runs about 0.5" less than ambient pressure due to the

restrictions in the sample intake tubing. Sample pressure should be

within ± 1"Hg of atmospheric pressure. The pressure sensor used

reports absolute pressure and therefore is sensitive to altitude,

weather fronts, and room air conditioning. Changes due to altitude

is about 1" per 1000 ft., other changes are ± 0.4" maximum.

Pressurizing the sample inlet will cause the M200AU to be noisy

and to shift its reading.

SLOPE

OFFSET

TIME

This is the software slope value. It operates like a software gain

pot. Refer to Table 7-18 on Calibration Quality for additional

information.

1.0 ± 0.3

0 – 10, +150

This is the software offset value. It operates like a software DC

offset pot. Refer to Table 7-18 on Calibration quality for

additional information.

HH:MM:SS

This is the time of day clock readout. It is used to time the

AutoCal cycles. The speed of the clock can be adjusted by the

CLOCK_ADJ variable in the VARS menu. The clock can be set

via SETUP-CLOCK-TIME from the front panel.

9-7

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.1.2 Fault Diagnosis with WARNING Messages

The M200AU monitors several internal values for alarm conditions. If the condition for an alarm

is met, the alarm is displayed on the front panel and the warning is transmitted out the RS-232

port. If a warning is present, it can be cleared by pressing the CLR key on the front panel. If

uncleared warnings are present they can be examined by pressing the MSG button on the

keyboard. Any time the instrument is powered up, the SYSTEM RESET alarm will be displayed.

Generally, it is ok to ignore warnings that are displayed shortly after power-up, only if they

persist should they be investigated.

Table 9-2 shows the warning messages and gives some possible causes.

9-8

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 9-2: Front Panel Warning Messages

Message

Description

SYSTEM RESET

Analyzer was reset/powered on. This warning occurs every

time the instrument is powered up, as in a power failure. It can

also occur if the RAM or EEPROM is reset.

RAM INITIALIZED

RAM was erased. The RAM contains the DAS averages which

get erased when the RAM is initialized. It also contains

temporary data used by the M200AU to calculate

concentrations. No setup variables are stored in the RAM.

SAMPLE FLOW WARN

OZONE FLOW WARNING

The calculated sample flow is outside the hi/low limits. Since

the flow is calculated, it probably means the pressure has

gotten too low. Flow warnings are caused by a plugged sample

inlet or ozone line.

Ozone flow out of spec. Warnings occur most often because of

loss of vacuum, which causes the ozone flow to go to zero.

They also can occur due to a flow sensor failure.

RxCELL PRESS WARNING

BOX TEMP WARNING

Vacuum out of spec. Warnings are caused by leaks, pump

failure or disconnected pump.

Box temp. out of spec. Instrument fan failure, enclosure

temperature failure. Operation of the M200AU in a too warm

or cold environment will cause degradation of data quality and

shorten the life of the instrument.

RCELL TEMP WARNING

PMT TEMP WARNING

Reaction cell temp. out of spec. The warning message is most

often present during initial warm-up or if the connector to the

heaters is not plugged in after dis-assembly. It has also

occurred if the thermistor is not in position in the reaction cell.

PMT temp. out of spec. The PMT temp has its own

proportional controller on the preamp board. Warnings might

occur during warmup. A warning can occur if the 7 pin

connector to the interior of the sensor is not plugged in. The

power connector to the PSM should be checked for proper

voltage (+15 VDC ± 0.5)

MOLY TEMP WARNING

Molycon temp. out of spec. The Moly temp is controlled by

the CPU. It has a thermocouple with amplifier on the

Status/Temp board. Because of the high temperature of the

Moly (315° C), the moly temp warning will tend to be the last

warning to clear as the instrument is powered on.

(table continued)

9-9

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 9-2: Front Panel Warning Messages (Continued)

Message

Description

CANNOT DYN ZERO

Dynamic zero cal. out of spec. The reading of the PMT was

too high for the ZERO button to appear. Make sure the

instrument is receiving zero gas. Check for dirty reaction cell.

Do the factory calibration procedure located in Section 9.1.6.

CANNOT DYN SPAN

Dynamic span cal. out of spec. The reading of the PMT was

too high or low for the SPAN button to appear. Make sure the

instrument is receiving correct concentration span gas. Make

sure the expected span concentration is entered. Check for

dirty reaction cell. Do the factory calibration procedure located

in Section 9.1.6.

OZONE GEN OFF

Ozone generator is off. See Table 9-11 for conditions.

PRACT WRN XXX.X MV

The Pre-reactor circuit compensates for detector dark current,

and background light. Certain electrical faults cause high

readings to be added to the filter. First, the cause of the high

PREREACT reading should be found and repaired, then wait

10 minutes for the Pre-reactor filter to clear itself out.

A/D NOT INSTALLED

V/F board has failed. The V/F board did not respond to

commands from the CPU. This probably means 1. board not

seated in socket 2. defective board 3. defective back plane

connector

HVPS WARNING

DCPS WARNING

High Voltage Power Supply voltage out of limits. Limits are

400-900 VDC

DC Power Supply voltage out of limits. Limits are 2500

± 500 mV

9-10

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.1.3 Fault Diagnosis using DIAGNOSTIC Mode

Diagnostic mode can be looked at as a tool kit of diagnostics to help troubleshoot the instrument.

To enter DIAG mode press SETUP-MORE-DIAG.

The diagnostic modes are summarized in Table 9-3. To access these functions, after you have

pressed SETUP-MORE-DIAG, press NEXT, PREV to select the desired mode, then press

ENTR.

9-11

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 9-3: Summary of Diagnostic Modes

DIAG Mode

Description

SIGNAL I/O

Gives access to the digital and analog inputs and outputs on

the V/F board. The status or value of all of the signals can be

seen. Some of the signals can be controlled from the keyboard.

Table 9-4 gives details on each signal and information on

control capabilities.

NOTE:

Some signals can be toggled into states that indicate warnings

or other faults. These settings will remain in effect until DIAG

mode is exited, then the M200AU will resume control over the

signals.

ANALOG OUTPUT

D/A CALIBRATION

Causes a test signal to be written to the analog output DAC's.

The signal consists of a scrolling 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%,

100% of the analog output value. The scrolling may be

stopped by pressing the key underneath the % display to hold

the current value. The exact voltage values depend on the

switch settings on the V/F board amplifiers.

The analog output is created by 4 digital-to-analog converters.

This selection starts a procedure to calibrate these outputs.

Refer to Section 9.3.3.1 for a detailed procedure.

TEST CHANNEL

OPTICAL TEST

Allows several different internal voltages to be routed to an

analog output port. Useful for diagnosing intermittent faults.

Sets the M200AU into a known state and turns on an LED

near the PMT to test the instrument signal path. See Section

9.1.3.3 for details on using this test.

ELECTRICAL TEST

O3 GEN OVERRIDE

RS-232

Tests just the electronic portion of the PMT signal path. Used

in conjunction with optic test, see Section 9.1.3.2.

This function switches the power to the ozone generator. It

does not indicate the OFF/ON status of the generator

Causes a 1 second burst of data to be transmitted from the RS-

232 port. Used to diagnose RS-232 port problems. See Section

9.1.3.7, 9.3.2 for RS-232 port diagnostic techniques.

9-12

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.1.3.1 Signal I/O Diagnostic

Table 9-4: Diagnostic Mode - Signal I/O

No.

Signal

Control

Description

DSP_BROWNOUT

Display brownout is used to keep the display from

getting corrupted during low line voltage conditions.

Circuitry on the Status/Temp board senses low line

voltage and sets this bit. The CPU reads this and

generates the BROWNOUT_RST signal described

below.

EXT_ZERO_CAL

EXT_SPAN_CAL

Shows state of status input bit to cause the M200AU

to enter Zero Calibration mode. Use to check external

contact closure circuitry.

Shows state of status input bit to cause the M200AU

to enter the Span Calibration mode. Use to check

external contact closure circuitry.

SPAN_VALVE

CAL_VALVE

YES

Switches the Zero/Span valve. Use this bit to test the

valve function.

Switches the Sample/Cal valve. Use this bit to test

the valve function.

NOX_VALVE

RCELL_HEATER

Switches the NO/NO_xvalve. Use this bit to test the

valve function.

Shows the status of the reaction cell heater. This has

the same function as the LED in the Power Supply

Module.

BLOCK_HEATER

ELEC_TEST

YES

Shows the status of the block heater.

Turns on electric test bit on the preamp board. Should

be used for troubleshooting Preamp logic lines. We

recommend you use the ELEC TEST button in the

DIAG menu to operate electric test.

OPTIC_TEST

YES

Turns on optic test bit in preamp. Should be used for

troubleshooting Preamp logic lines.

We recommend you use the OPTIC TEST button in

the DIAG menu to operate optic test.

BROWNOUT_RST

Brownout reset works in conjunction with

DSP_BROWNOUT. When DSP_BROWNOUT is

set, the CPU sends a signal to reset the display and

clear the DSP_BROWNOUT.

(table continued)

9-13

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 9-4: Diagnostic Mode - Signal I/O (Continued)

No.

Signal

Control

Description

CONV_HEATER

YES

Shows the status of the Moly heater. This has the

same function as the LED in the Power Supply

Module.

O3GEN_STATUS

YES

Switches ON/OFF power to the ozone generator.

PREREACT_VALVE

Switches the Pre-reactor valve. Use this bit to test the

valve function.

PREAMP_RANGE_HI

ST_RCEL_PRESS

YES

Switches the preamp hardware range. Only the low

range is active in the M200AU

Status Bit - Reaction Cell Pressure alarm

Logic High = pressure out of acceptable range

Logic Low = pressure inside acceptable range

Status Bit - Zero Calibration mode

Logic High = M200AU in Zero cal mode

Logic Low = Not in Zero cal mode

Status Bit - Span Calibration mode

Logic High = M200AU in Span cal mode

Logic Low = Not in Span cal mode

Status Bit - Flow alarm

ST_ZERO_CAL

YES

ST_SPAN_CAL

ST_FLOW_ALARM

ST_TEMP_ALARM

ST_DIAG_MODE

ST_POWER_OK

Logic High = Sample/Ozone flow out of spec

Logic Low = Flows within spec

Status Bit - Temperature alarm

Logic High = Rxcell, Moly, Box temps out of spec

Logic Low = Temps within spec

Status Bit - In Diagnostic mode

Logic High = M200AU in Diagnostic mode

Logic Low = Not in Diag mode

Status Bit - Power OK

Logic High = Instrument power is on

Logic Low = Instrument power is off

(table continued)

9-14

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 9-4: Diagnostic Mode - Signal I/O (Continued)

No.

Signal

Control

Description

ST_SYSTEM_OK

YES

Status Bit - System OK

Logic High = No instrument warnings present

Logic Low = 1 or more alarms present

Status Bit - Autorange High Range

ST_HIGH_RANGE

YES

Logic High = M200AU in high range of autorange

mode

Logic Low = M200AU in low range of autorange

mode

PMT_SIGNAL

Current PMT voltage. Same as PMT voltage in TEST

menu. Bi-polar, typically in 0-5000 mV range. A

constant value of 5000 mV indicates offscale.

SAMPLE_PRES

RCELL_TEMP

Sample pressure in mV. Typical sea level value =

4300 mV for 29.9" Hg-A.

Reaction Cell temperature. Typically 3500 mV for

50° C.

BOX_TEMP

BLOCK_TEMP

PMT_TEMP

Box Temperature. Typically 1800 mV for 25° C

Block temperature.

PMT cold block temperature. Typically 3600 mV for

10° C.

DCPS_VOLTAGE

RCELL_PRESS

DC power supply composite voltage output.

Typically 2500 mV.

Reaction Cell Pressure in mV. Typically 1270 mV

for 5" Hg-A at sea level. Is an absolute pressure so

higher values means higher absolute pressures.

OZONE_FLOW

CONV_TEMP

Ozone flowmeter voltage. Typically 2000 mV at

80 cc/min.

Molybdenum Converter temp. Typically 3150 mV at

315° C

HVPS_VOLTAGE

HVPS programming voltage. Output of HVPS is

1000x value present. 700 mV = 700 VDC output.

DAC_CHAN_0

DAC_CHAN_1

Output of NO_xchannel in mV.

Output of NO channel in mV.

(table continued)

9-15

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 9-4: Diagnostic Mode - Signal I/O (Continued)

No.

Signal

Control

Description

DAC_CHAN_2

DAC_CHAN_3

NOX_CONC

Output of NO₂channel in mV.

Test Channel output.

YES

NO_xDAC programming voltage. The following 4

signals can be set to output specific voltages to each

DAC. Use in conjunction with ANALOG OUTPUT

test to check each DAC output channel. The value

keyed in should appear on the appropriate analog

output channel. This value overrides data being

written from the analyzer. Value reverts to instrument

output when function is exited.

NO_CONC

YES

NO DAC programming voltage. See above for

description.

NO2_CONC

TEST_OUTPUT

NO₂DAC programming voltage. See above for

description.

TEST channel programming voltage. See above for

description.

9.1.3.2 Electric Test

This function injects a constant voltage between the preamplifier and the buffer amplifier on the

preamp board. Electric test checks part of the preamp, the V/F and computer for proper

functioning. The result of electric test should be a smooth quiet signal as shown by constant

values for the NO, NO_xconcentrations, the NO₂concentration should be near zero. Likewise the

analog outputs should produce a smooth quiet trace on a strip chart.

Procedure:

Scroll the TEST function to PMT.

Press SETUP-MORE-DIAG, then scroll to ELECT TEST by pressing the NEXT button.

When ET appears, press ENTR to turn it on.

The value in PMT should come up to 2000 mV ± 500 mV in less than 15 sec.

If the HVPS or the span gain adjust on the preamp card has been changed without doing the

FACTORY CALIBRATION procedure, the reading in step 3 may be different than 2000

mV, since the overall calibration affects ELECTRIC TEST. See Section 9.1.6 for factory

calibration procedure.

9-16

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

To turn off ET press EXIT

If ET is a steady 2000 ± 500 mV, that means the Power Supply Module, Preamp buffer

amplifier, V/F, CPU, and display are all working properly.

9.1.3.3 Optic Test

Optic test turns on a small LED inside the PMT housing which simulates the signal from the

reaction cell. OT tests the entire signal detection subsystem. By observing the level, noise and

drift of this test, correct operation of many sections of the analyzer can be verified.

The implementation of OT involves several changes to the instrument operating conditions. The

M200AU does the following when switching to optic test:

Saves the current instrument setup as to autorange, indep range, current range and places

the instrument into the 2000 ppb range.

Turns off power to the ozone generator to assure there is no interfering light from the

reaction cell.

Disables the PRE-REACTOR circuit.

Turns on the OT LED.

Procedure:

Scroll the TEST function to PMT.

Press SETUP-MORE-DIAG, then scroll to OPTIC TEST by pressing the NEXT button.

When OT appears, press ENTR to turn it on.

The value in PMT should come up to 2000 mV ±1000 mV in less than 15 sec.

To turn off OT press EXIT.

If the PMT reading observed in step three comes up to the stated value, the instrument is capable

of responding to the light generated by the chemiluminescent reaction. If the instrument passes

OT, but there is absolutely no response to span gas, the most common cause is that the ozone

generator is either broken or is turned off. A second common cause, is that what is thought to be

span gas is actually zero gas.

If the HVPS or the span gain adjust on the preamp card has been changed without doing a

FACTORY CALIBRATE the reading in step 3 may be different than 2000 mV, since the overall

calibration affects OPTIC TEST. See Section 9.1.6 for factory calibration procedure.

9-17

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.1.3.4 Ozone Gen Power

This diagnostic manually turns the power off and on to the ozone generator. When the M200AU

is powered up from a cold start the ozone generator is not immediately started. This is due to the

fact that humid air may be present in the generator cartridge. Humid air can produce nitric acid

aerosol which can permanently damage parts of the instrument down stream of the generator.

Using this diagnostic, it is possible to turn on the generator before the warmup time has elapsed.

If you turn the power on it will remain on after you exit the diagnostic.

9.1.3.5 Analog Out Step Test

The Step Test is used to test the functioning of the 4 DAC outputs on the V/F board. The test

consists of stepping each analog output 0-20-40-60-80-100% of the output. If the analog outputs

are set for 0-5V full scale the outputs would step 0-1-2-3-4-5 VDC. The stepping can be halted at

any value by pressing the key under the percentage on the front panel. When the test is halted,

square brackets are placed around the percentage value in the display. Pressing the key again

resumes the test. This test is useful for testing the accuracy/linearity of the analog outputs.

9.1.3.6 DAC Calibration

The Digital to Analog Converters (DAC) are calibrated when the instrument is set up at the

factory. Re-calibration is usually not necessary, but is provided here in case the V/F board needs

to be replaced and re-calibrated. The procedure for doing the DAC Calibration routine is in the

Troubleshooting Section 9.3.3.1.

9.1.3.7 RS-232 Port Test

This test is used to verify the operation of the RS-232 port. It outputs a 1 second burst of the

ASCII letter 'w'. During the test it should be possible to detect the presence of the signal with a

DVM on pin 2 or 3 (depending on the DTE/DCE switch setting) or by the flickering of the red

test LED. A detailed procedure is given in the Troubleshooting Section 9.3.2.

9-18

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.1.4 M200AU Internal Variables

The M200AU software contains many adjustable parameters. Most of the parameters are set at

time of manufacture and do not need to be adjusted for the lifetime of the instrument. Some of

the variables are user adjustable, they are listed in Table 9-5.

To access the VARS menu press SETUP-MORE-VARS-ENTR. Use the PREV-NEXT buttons

to select the variable of interest, then press EDIT to examine/change the value, then press ENTR

to save the new value and return to the next higher menu. If no change is required, press EXIT.

TPC_ENABLE

The M200AU has temperature and pressure compensation. T/P comp adjusts the output of the

instrument for changes in sample temperature, reaction cell pressure, and atmospheric pressure.

The temperature of the reaction cell controls the sample temperature. The setpoint is 40° C, and

the value of the adjustment parameter is equal to 1.0000 when the reaction cell temperature is

40° C. The temperature compensation increases sample concentration with increasing

temperature to compensate for the drop in density of gas in the reaction cell.

The reaction cell pressure compensation factor is equal to 1.0000 when the cell pressure is about

3.5"-Hg-A. The compensation factor increases sample concentration with increasing cell

pressure to compensate for increased quenching of the chemilumenscent reaction at higher

pressures.

The sample pressure compensation factor is equal to 1.0 at 29.92"-Hg-A. This factor increases

sample concentration with decreasing sample pressure to compensate for a lower head pressure

on the sample flow orifice.

Taken together, the three factors change the output of the instrument very little. The sample

temperature is essentially invariant, and the cell pressure and sample pressure factors tend to

cancel each other. The resultant coefficient has no practical variation with pressure changes due

to weather fronts. Changes in altitude of 1000 feet usually change the output of the instrument by

about .5% if compensation is turned off, much less if it is operating.

9-19

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 9-5: Model 200AU Variables

Default

Value

Range

No.

Name

Units

Description

DAS_HOLD_OFF

Min

0-60

Time that data is not put into

DAS after CAL or DIAG

modes

MEASURE_MODE

Logic

NONOX

Selects the measurement

mode of the M200AU. NO

measures NO only. NO_x

measures NO_xonly, and

NONO_xmeasures NO, NO_x

and NO₂, this is the default

mode.

TPC_ENABLE

DYN_ZERO

DYN_SPAN

Logic

ON-OFF

Temp/Pres compensation

enable

OFF

Enable zero calibration when

rear panel contacts are closed.

Enable span calibration when

rear panel contacts are closed.

SFLOW_SET

OFLOW_SET

RS232_MODE

cc/min. 1000

cc/min. 80

400-1200

0-500

Nominal sample flow rate

Nominal ozone flow rate

Bit

0-99999

Value is SUM of following

decimal numbers:

Field

1=enable quiet mode

2=enable computer mode

4=enable security feature

8=enable front panel RS-232

menus

16=enable alternate protocol

32=enable multidrop protocol

CLOCK_ADJ

Sec.

Real-time clock speed

adjustment

± 60

9-20

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.1.5 Test Channel Analog Output

Many of the TEST functions have an analog voltage associated with them. As a diagnostic aid it

is possible to route the various test voltages out the 4th analog output port. Details on using the

test channel analog output are in the Troubleshooting Section.

Table 9-6: Test Channel Readings

TEST Channel

Minimum*

Maximum*

Description

PMT

DETECTOR

0 mV

5000 mV

PMT detector output from the preamp. This

signal has been amplified and filtered. Since the

instrument is switched and uses AutoZero,

normal values can vary from –100 to 5000 mV.

Wide variations in this signal are normal.

Values should be around 0 mV when sampling

zero air.

OZONE FLOW

0 cc/min

1000 cc/min

This signal is the output from the ozone

flowmeter. Values around 1150 mV indicate

zero flow. Typical values for 80cc/min ozone

flow are around 1800 mV. Voltage should be

steady, indicating stable flow.

SAMPLE

FLOW

0 cc/min

1000 cc/min

40 “-Hg-Abs

The sample flow is calculated from the

upstream pressure as measured by the

SAMPLE PRESSURE transducer.

SAMPLE

PRESSURE

0 “ Hg-Abs

The sample pressure is measured by an absolute

pressure meter. The absolute pressure at sea

level is 29.92”-Hg. The exact reading will vary

a few tenths due to passing weather fronts and

daily temperature cycling. The reading will

decrease about 1”-Hg with each 1000 ft gain in

altitude. For example, the absolute pressure at

10,000-ft (3000 m) is about 20”-Hg-A. A

typical value near sea level would be about

4200 mV.

RCELL

PRESSURE

0 “ Hg-Abs

40 “-Hg-Abs

Like the SAMPLE PRESSURE the RCELL

pressure is an absolute pressure measurement.

With the sample pump off, it should read about

atmospheric pressure. With the pump

operating, a typical value is 1300 mV for about

5”-Hg-A reaction cell pressure.

(table continued)

9-21

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 9-6: Test Channel Readings (Continued)

TEST Channel

Minimum*

Maximum*

Description

RCELL TEMP

0^oC

70^oC

Reaction Cell temperature is set to 50^oC. At the

setpoint, a typical reading is 3600 mV.

BLOCK TEMP

IZS TEMP

0^oC

70^oC

The Block temperature is set to 50^oC. At the

setpoint, a typical reading is 3600 mV.

The IZS temperature is set to 50^oC. At the

setpoint, a typical reading is 3600 mV.

The Converter temperature is 315^oC. At the

setpoint, a typical voltage is 3150 mV.

70^oC

CONV TEMP

PMT TEMP

1000^oC

70^oC

The PMT temperature is unique in that the

voltage is inverse to the temperature. A typical

reading for 8^oC would be 4200 mV.

CHASSIS

TEMP

0^oC

70^oC

The Chassis (Box) temperature is variable due to

variable ambient air temperature. The Box temp

generally runs about 5^oC above the surrounding

air temp. Thus in a 25^oC room, the Box temp

would be about 30^oC and have a TEST channel

voltage of about 2000 mV.

DCPS

VOLTAGE

0 mV

0 V

5000 mV

5000 V

The DCPS is a composite of several DC power

supply voltages in the instrument. It has been

arbitrarily set at 2500 mV, which is typical.

HVPS

VOLTAGE

The HVPS voltage is a scaled up reading of the

programming voltage going to the HVPS. Zero

to 1000 mV corresponds 0-1000 VDC for the

HVPS, which is the maximum voltage possible.

A typical reading would be 700 mV

corresponding to 700 VDC for the HVPS.

* Minimum and Maximum readings depend on the DAC 3 switch settings of the V/F board. For

the standard ± 5 VDC range, minimum corresponds to 0 VDC and maximum corresponds to

5 VDC.

9-22

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.1.6 Factory Calibration Procedure

This procedure is similar to that used at the factory when the instrument is first manufactured, it

balances the PMT, preamp, and software gain factors so the instrument has optimum noise,

linearity, and dynamic range. It should be used when you are unable to zero or span the

instrument, when the slope and offset values are outside of the acceptable range, or when other

more obvious reasons for problems have been eliminated.

Factory Calibration Procedure:

NOTE

In this procedure a range of 500 ppb and a span gas concentration

of 400 ppb is used as an example. Other values can be used.

On the Preamp board, set S1 and S2 to 8. Turn R19 25 turns counter-clockwise, then 12

turns clockwise.

Set RANGE MODE to SNGL by SETUP-RNGE-MODE-SNGL to select single range

operation.

Set the RANGE to 500 ppb by SETUP-RNGE-SET and key in 500, then press ENTR.

Input Zero gas into the sample port, and Scroll to the TEST function labeled PMT.

Typical reading should be less than 50 mV. Readings above 150 mV indicate a pneumatic

leak, light leak, contaminated reaction cell, bad zero gas, or wet air coming into the ozone

generator. If readings are greater than ± 150 mV, the instrument will not zero or span

properly, see Sections 9.2.8, 9.2.9.

Allow the instrument to sample zero gas for at least 20 minutes to re-fill the internal data

filters and Pre-reactor filter with zero readings. Then zero the instrument by CAL-ZERO-

ENTR.

Set the expected span concentration to 400ppb. Enter the expected NO_xconcentration of

400 ppb by pressing CAL-CONC-NOX. Then press CAL-CONC-NO, to enter the expected

NO concentration of 400 ppb. Then press EXIT to return to the CAL menu.

Input 400 ppb of NO span gas in the sample inlet port.

Scroll to the NORM_PMT - TEST function.

9-23

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Calculate the expected NORM_PMT mV reading.

Multiply the expected span value by 2 to get the mV reading. In this example the expected

span gas concentration is 400 ppb and therefore the expected voltage is 800 mV. As an

alternate method, the voltage can be determined from the graph in Figure 9-1. On the Y-axis

find the calibration concentration in ppb, then determine the expected voltage from the X-

axis.

10.

11.

Adjust S2, the HVPS coarse adjustment, on the preamp board to the setting that produces

a signal that is closest to 800 mV. Adjust S1, the HVPS fine adjustment, to the setting that

produces a signal that is closest to 800 mV. Use R19 to trim the reading to 800 ± 50 mV. The

readings will periodically go to zero as the Pre-reactor circuit operates, ignore the zero

readings.

Allow the instrument to sample span gas for 30 minutes. Then do a span calibration by

CAL-SPAN-ENTR. After the span is completed, do the span quality check procedure in

Table 7-18. This procedure is extremely important to assure that the instrument will operate

with optimum noise, linearity, and dynamic range.

12. Electric Test (ET) Procedure:

A. To adjust ET press SETUP-MORE-DIAG, then scroll to ELEC TEST and press ENTR.

B. Scroll the TEST functions until PMT is displayed.

C. Adjust R27 until 2000 mV ± 200 is displayed.

D. Press EXIT to return to SAMPLE mode.

13. Optic Test (OT) Procedure:

A. To adjust OT press SETUP-MORE-DIAG, then scroll to OPTIC TEST and press ENTR.

B. Scroll the TEST functions until PMT is displayed.

C. Adjust R25 until 2000 mV ± 250 is displayed.

D. Press EXIT to return to SAMPLE mode.

If this procedure does not produce an instrument that will properly span, please contact your

local distributor or the Teledyne API factory. Teledyne API's phone number is on the front page

of this manual.

9-24

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 9-1: Span Calibration Voltage

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.2 Performance Problems

When the response from a span check is outside the control limits, the cause for the drift should

be determined, and corrective action should be taken. Some of the causes for drift are listed

below:

NOTE

It has been our experience that about 50% of all analyzer performance

problems are sooner or later traced to leaks in some part of the system.

Fluctuations in flow. Such as leaks or plugged orifices.

Lack of preventive maintenance.

Change in zero air source.

A. Air containing NO leaking into zero air line.

B. Saturation of charcoal and/or Purafil scrubbers.

Change in span gas concentration.

A. Zero air or ambient air leaking into span gas line.

B. Permeation tube or cal gas tank exhaustion.

Leak in NO/NO_xor Pre-reactor switching valves.

Loose pneumatic fittings.

9.2.1 AC Power Check

Check that power is present at main line power input. Verify that correct voltage and

frequency is present. If unit is set for 240 VAC and is plugged into 115 VAC it will appear as

no power fault.

Check that the unit is plugged into a good socket. Analyzer must have 3-wire safety

power input.

Check circuit breaker. Circuit breaker is part of the front panel power switch. It is set

each time the instrument power is turned on. If there is an internal short causing a trip, the

switch will automatically return to the OFF position when an attempt is made to turn it on.

9-26

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.2.2 Flow Check

Check TEST function RCEL - this is the absolute pressure in the reaction cell. It should

1-4 in-Hg-A.

Check that pump is running. Check RCEL - TEST function for proper pressure.

Check that pump tubing is connected to rear of analyzer.

Test that the pump is producing vacuum by removing fitting at rear of analyzer and

checking for suction at fitting.

Check for flow upstream of the sample flow orifice and ozone orifice on the valve

assembly.

A. Remove the 1/8" fitting that carries sample. Plug the fitting on the sample flow block

with your finger and note the vacuum produced.

B. Remove the ozone fitting also and compare relative flow rates. Sample should be much

higher (1000 cc/min) than ozone (80 cc/min).

Check for broken flow or pressure sensor.

Leak check the analyzer. See Section 8.7 for leak check procedure.

9.2.3 No Response to Sample Gas

Confirm correct operation of analog output by performing Analog Output Step Test in

Section 9.1.3.5.

Confirm general operation of analyzer.

A. Check for AC Power, Section 9.2.1.

B. Do flow checks, Section 9.2.2.

C. Confirm that sample gas contains NO or NO₂.

Check instrument electronics.

A. Do ELEC TEST procedure in DIAGNOSTIC menu Section 9.1.3.2.

B. Do OPTIC TEST procedure in the DIAGNOSTIC menu Section 9.1.3.3.

C. If the M200AU passes ET and OT, that means the instrument is capable of detecting light

and processing the signal to produce a reading. Therefore, the problem is in the

pneumatics or ozone generator.

Check ozone generator subsystem. Do the diagnostic test of the ozone generator

subsystem in Section 9.3.6.

Check for disconnected electrical cables to sensor module.

9-27

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.2.4 Negative Output

1. Mis-calibration. The 'zero' gas that was used to zero the M200AU contained some NO gas -

that is, it had more NO gas than that of the sample air. May also be caused by doing a zero

calibration using ambient air. If NO/NO_xOFFSET - TEST functions are greater than 150

mV, reaction cell contamination is indicated. Verify quality of zero air used it should have

less than 1 ppt NO and correspondingly low equivalent values of interferent gasses .

2. Corruption of the Pre-reactor filter. If a significant signal was detected during the Pre-reactor

cycle, that higher reading can enter the Pre-reactor filter. The value of the Pre-reactor filter is

subtracted from the current reading, thus producing a negative reading. High Pre-reactor

readings can be caused by:

A. Leaking Pre-reactor valve.

B. Electronic fault in the preamp causing it to have a voltage on the PMT output pin during

the Pre-reactor cycle. Area around the high impedance section of the preamp contains

conductive dirt.

C. Reaction cell contamination causing high background ( >40 mV) light readings.

D. Broken PMT temperature control circuit, or broken PMT cooler power supply - allowing

high zero offset.

After fixing the cause of the high Pre-reactor filter readings, the M200AU will take 15

minutes for the filter to clear itself.

3. Check for leaks.

9.2.5 Excessive Noise

Common reasons for excessive noise are:

Leak in pneumatic system.

Light leak - check the sensor module with strong light.

HVPS noisy - see HVPS test procedure. See Section 9.3.8.5.

Defective electronic components on preamp board. - use optic test and electric test to

check electronics, optics and observe noise.

Contamination of ozone generator and/or reaction cell - This can be wet air or impurities.

This can be detected by high PMT readings with zero air as sample gas. Verify this condition

by turning off the ozone generator using the DIAG mode command and observing a drop in

PMT reading of more than 50 mV or 25 ppb. If the ozone generator or reaction cell is

contaminated, disassemble and clean.

9-28

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Broken PMT temperature control circuit or broken PMT cooler power supply. Check

PMT TEMP - TEST function.

Mis-calibration. Check NO/NO_xSLOPES in TEST function.

Reaction cell pressure too high – leak on vacuum side or bad sample pump. Check RCEL

- TEST function.

9.2.6 Unstable Span

Common causes are:

Leak in pneumatic system.

Light leak - check the sensor module with strong light.

Instrument not fully warmed up.

Sample lines or sample filter dirty - clean or replace.

Plugged sample inlet orifice - clean with methanol and sonic cleaner.

Defective HVPS - see HVPS test procedure.

Bad or defective PMT detector - replace.

Reaction cell temp not stable - observe warning messages, or RCELL TEMP in TEST

functions. Check diagnostic LED in Power Supply Module for normal cycling.

Large variations in ambient temperature - observe warning messages, or BOX TEMP in

TEST functions.

10.

11.

Large variations in line voltage. - Line voltage should remain within ±10% of nominal.

Pump not maintaining steady vacuum - observe warning messages, or RCEL in TEST

functions.

12.

13.

Sample vent line too short, allowing room air to mix with span gas. Line should be a

minimum of 15" long.

Calibration gas source unstable.

9-29

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.2.7 Unstable Zero

Common causes are:

Leak in pneumatic system. Perform leak check, see Section 8.7.

Miscalibration. See Table 7-1.

Light leak - check the sensor module with strong light.

Sample lines or sample filter dirty - clean or replace.

PMT temp control unstable

9.2.8 Inability to Span

If the SPAN button is not illuminated when attempting to span, that means the reading is outside

of the software gain ranges allowed. In an analog instrument it would be the equivalent to the

span pot hitting the rotation stop.

Here are some things to check:

Check the expected span concentration values in CAL-CONC-NOX and CAL-CONC-

NO, and compare them to the values of the calibration span gas being input. They should be

nearly equal.

Check the NORM_PMT - TEST function. With NO span gas in the instrument, the value

should be 2x the expected span concentration.

Check ET and OT to verify instrument detector and signal processing is working

correctly.

If the above do not check out, perform the Factory Calibration Procedure Section 9.1.6.

If the PMT voltage is near zero with span gas, check fuse and power to ozone generator.

9-30

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.2.9 Inability to Zero

If the ZERO button is not illuminated when attempting to zero, that means the reading is outside

of the software gain ranges allowed. In an analog instrument it would be the equivalent to the

zero pot hitting the rotation stop. Check the following:

Select the PMT - TEST function. With zero gas going into the instrument, the value should be

less than 150 mV, typically less than 50 mV. If you are getting a high reading, the probable

reasons are:

The reading may be temporarily high if the PMT has been recently exposed to room

light. If so, let the instrument run for several hours with zero gas to get the PMT accustomed

to low light levels.

Leak that admits gas containing NO into the reaction cell.

Contaminated reaction cell. Remove and clean cell.

Wet (i.e., undried ambient air) air in the ozone generator. Check the PermaPure drier and

associated plumbing for leaks and correct operation.

Zero gas that isn't really zero. Make sure you're not trying to zero the machine with

ambient air or span gas.

Pre-reactor filter is corrupted with high readings. To clear the Pre-reactor filter, input

zero gas and wait for 15 minutes for the filter to clear.

9.2.10 Non-Linear Response

Common causes are:

A leak in the pneumatic system, see Section 8.7.

High zero background - the PMT TEST function should be near 50 mV with zero gas.

Readings above 100 mV indicate a light leak, contaminated reaction cell, bad zero gas, or

wet air coming into the ozone generator. If the reading is not less than 150 mV, the

instrument will not zero or span properly. Check Section 9.2.9.

Calibration device in error - re-check flowrates and concentrations, especially at low

concentrations. If you are using a Mass Flow calibrator and the flow is < 10% of the full

scale flow on either flowmeter you may need to purchase lower concentration standards.

The standard gasses may be mis-labeled as to type or concentration. Labeled

concentrations may be outside the certified tolerance.

Contamination in sample delivery system:

A. Dirt in sample lines or reaction cell

B. Contaminated cal gas source (NO₂in NO cal gas is common)

C. Dilution air contains sample or span gas

9-31

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Ozone concentration too low

A. Wet air in ozone generator - need to flush out clean, dry

B. Ozone generator driver board failure.

C. Damaged transformer/ozone generator cartridge. The ozone generator cartridge is

partially made of glass. Extreme physical shock, such as dropping the generator on the

floor may cause the glass cartridge to crack and eventually fail.Sample inlet vent line too

short - should be at least 15".

Sample exhaust not properly vented, creating a backpressure at the sample inlet port of

the instrument. See Figure 2-3 for venting recommendations.

9.2.11 Slow Response

Contaminated or dirty sample delivery pneumatics

A. Dirty/plugged sample filter or sample lines

B. Dirty reaction cell

Sample inlet line too long.

Wrong materials in contact with sample - use glass, stainless steel or Teflon

Sample vent line located too far from instrument sample inlet. Locate sample inlet vent

near analyzer.

Insufficient time allowed for purging of lines upstream of analyzer.

Leaking NO/NO_xvalve.

Insufficient time allowed for NO or NO₂cal gas source to become stable.

Moly converter temperature too low.

Miscalibration, see Table 7-1.

9.2.12 Analog Output Doesn't Agree with Display Concentration

The analog output is proportional to the range. Zero volts output corresponds to zero ppb, and 5

volts corresponds to the maximum range setting in ppb. If this is not observed do the following:

V/F board DAC's out of calibration. Do DAC calibration and Factory Calibration.

Analog outputs electrically loaded down causing voltage to sag. Could be due to input

impedance to chart recorder or data logger being too low or improper grounding. The

Recorder and DAS outputs do not have separate output drivers, the problem could be the

combined load of both could be too high.

9.3 Subsystem Troubleshooting and Adjustments

9.3.1 Computer, Display, Keyboard

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

The purpose of this section is to determine if the computer subsystem electronics hardware are

working properly. Assessment will be made at the board level.

9.3.1.1 Front Panel Display

The front panel display is a 2 line by 40 character display. It has its own microprocessor to

decode commands and display characters. It contains a self test feature. To test the display:

Turn off the power to the instrument.

Fold down the M200AU front panel

Disconnect the 26 line flat ribbon cable (J2) that connects the computer parallel port to

the keyboard.

Turn on the M200AU power switch.

Observe the front panel display. If the display successfully completes its power on self

test, it will display a single underline character "_" in the left most character of the top line of

the display. If this character is present, the display is working properly.

Power down the analyzer, and re-attach the cable to J2, and proceed to the next test.

9.3.1.2 Single Board Computer

The SBC40 is a full function computer designed for instrument control applications. It consists

of a 16 bit V40 microprocessor, 2 serial and one parallel ports, Standard Bus interface, and 4

sockets for memory. The memory sockets consist of: 256k ROM containing the multitasking

operating system and application code, 8k EE prom containing the setup variables, a 128k RAM

and time-of-day clock to provide event timing services, and a second 128k RAM. The overall

function of this board is quite complex, therefore, complete testing is not possible in the field.

9-33

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 9-2: CPU Board Jumper Settings

9-34

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Like the display, the overall functioning of the CPU can be confirmed by a simple test.

Locate the CPU board on the mother board by referring to Figure 2-5.

Power the instrument on.

Locate the red LED at the top left edge of the board.

It should be flashing at a frequency of about once per second.

This flashing indicates the board is powered up and is executing instructions.

Testing and operation of the CPU RS-232 port is described in Section 9.3.2. It is possible for the

UART driver chip to malfunction in either the input or output port or both.

9.3.1.3 Front Panel Keyboard

The keyboard consists of 8 keys and 3 LED's. Key strokes are sent to the SBC40 computer's

parallel port. The computer software detects the key strokes via interrupts. The bottom line of the

display consists of 40 characters which is divided into 8 - 5 character fields. Each field defines

the function of the key immediately below it. The definition of the keys is variable and depends

on the menu level of the software.

To check the operation of the keyboard, each key should perform an operation indicated by its

current definition shown on the second line of the display.

Example #1 - testing key#1 (left most key).

At the top level menu key #1 is defined as the TEST function. Pressing this key should cause the

middle field of the top line of the display to show the various test functions.

Example #2 - testing key #8 (right most key). At the top level menu key #8 is defined as the

SETUP key. pressing key #8 should cause the SETUP menu to be displayed.

Example #3 - If the 5 character field above any key is blank, the key is not defined, pressing the

key has no effect.

The 3 status LED's indicate several functional states of the instrument such as calibration, fault,

and sample modes. The state of the LED's is controlled by 3 lines on the parallel port of the

SBC40. Functioning of the LED's can be checked by:

Turn off the M200AU power.

While watching the LED's, turn on the instrument power.

When the power comes up, the computer momentarily applies power to all 3 LED's. If all

the LED's are observed to light, they are working properly.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.3.2 RS-232 Communications

The M200AU uses the RS-232 communications protocol to allow the instrument to be connected

to a variety of computer based equipment. RS-232 has been used for many years and is well

documented. Generally, every manufacturer observes the signal and timing requirements of the

protocol very carefully. Problems arise when trying to specify connectors, and wiring diagrams

that attach the analyzer to various devices.

9.3.2.1 RS-232 Connection

If the RS-232 port is not working, check the following:

Physical Wiring

First is to get the physical wiring hooked up correctly. Refer to Figure 9-3 for the wiring diagram

of the DB-9 plug on the M200AU rear panel. There are 2 features that make connecting the

wiring easier. First is the red/green LED’s on the rear panel. The M200AU provides the power to

run the red LED, the external equipment will provide the power for the green LED. If the wiring

is hooked up correctly both LED’s will be illuminated. Secondly, there is a DTE-DCE switch,

this switch interchanges pin 2 & 3 on the DB-9 connector. Set the DTE-DCE switch so that both

LED’s are illuminated.

RS-232 Protocol (BAUD rate, Data bits, Parity)

Second is to get the communication protocol for each instrument to match. In Figure 9-3 the

default RS-232 parameters are listed. The BAUD rate can be changed in the software menus

under SETUP-MORE-COMM-BAUD.

Data Communications Software for a PC.

You will need to have a software package to enable the computer to transmit and receive on its

serial port. There are many such programs, we use PROCOMM at Teledyne API. Once you set

up the variables in PROCOMM and your wiring connections are correct, you will be able to

communicate with the analyzer.

If connecting to a modem, check the following:

Modems are especially difficult because they may have pins that need to be at certain EIA RS-

232 levels before the modem will transmit data. The most common requirement is the Ready to

Send (RTS) signal must be at logic high (+5V to +15V) before the modem will transmit. The

Teledyne API analyzer sets pin 8 (RTS) to 10 volts to enable modem transmission.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

To troubleshoot a modem connection first disconnect the RS-232 cable from the Analyzer and

verify (use a DVM) that you are getting a signal on Pin 2 of the RS232 port on the Analyzer. The

signal will be between -5V and -15V with respect to signal ground (pin 5). If not, there is a

problem with the CPU board or the cable. This is the transmit (TD) signal out of the Analyzer.

This should then be connected to TD input on the modem, normally Pin 2. If the Analyzer is

equipped with a DTE/DCE switch, you may need to change its setting so the signal is on Pin 2.

Second: Go to the cable connected to the modem/terminal and verify (use a DVM) that you are

getting a -5V to -15V signal on Pin 3 of the cable. This pin should be connected to Pin 3 of the

Teledyne API Analyzer.

Third: (for modems) Check that the voltage level on Pin 8 of the Analyzer is between +5V and

+15V. This pin should be connected (through the cable) to Pin 4 of the modem.

Now set the baud rate of the Analyzer to the speed required by the modem and it should work. If

you are still experiencing problems, a cable adapter may be needed. Please contact the factory

for assistance.

9.3.2.2 RS-232 Diagnostic Procedures

There are several features of the M200AU to make connecting to RS-232 and diagnosing RS-

232 faults easier.

There are two LED's on the rear panel Connector Board which are connected to pin 2 and 3 of

the DB-9 connector on the board. If the switch is in the DCE position (default) the red LED is

connected to pin 3 of the DB-9 connector. When data is transmitted by the M200AU the red

LED will flicker, indicating data present on this line. When the M200AU is running, the LED

will normally be ON, indicating logic low. A one second burst of data can be transmitted over

the port by a command in the DIAGNOSTIC menu. Press SETUP-MORE-DIAG, then scroll to

RS232 OUTPUT. Each time you press ENTR the instrument transmits a 1 sec burst of lower

case "w"'s.

The green LED is connected to pin 2, if the switch is in the default DCE position. This is the pin

on which the M200AU receives data. The LED is ON if an outside device is connected. This

LED gets its power from the outside device. When data is being transmitted by the outside

device to the M200AU this LED will flicker.

When you are attempting to configure the RS-232 port, if either of the LED's go out when the

cable is connected, that generally means that there is a grounding problem. Switching the DCE-

DTE switch should fix the problem. See the schematic and assembly drawings in the Appendix.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 9-3: RS-232 PIN Assignments

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.3.3 Voltage/Frequency (V/F) Board

The V/F Board consists of 16 analog input channels, each software addressable, 8 digital inputs,

and 24 digital outputs, each line independently addressable, and 4 independent analog output

channels. The analog input channels are connected to V/F converter capable of 80,000 counts,

which is approximately 16 bit resolution. The integration period is software selectable from

40msec to 2.4 sec. Commands from the SBC40 computer and digitized values from the V/F

section of the board are sent via the STD bus interface. The schematic for the board is in the

Appendix.

The overall operation of this board is quite complex. To fully check it out in all of its operational

modes is not possible in the field. Therefore, a few simple tests are described here that test one

analog input channel, the 4 analog output channels, one digital input, and one digital output.

V/F board analog input test.

Each analog channel is routed through a programmable 16 channel multiplexer. Chances are

that if one channel works, they all work.

A. Turn on instrument.

B. Press TEST key on front panel keyboard until DCPS test is displayed.

C. The value displayed should read 2500 ± 200 mV.

If the M200AU passes this test, it has successfully digitized a 2500 mV composite voltage

output from the Power Supply Module. The signal should also be quiet ±25 mV.

2. Analog output channel test.

In the DIAGNOSTIC menu on the front panel, there is a test that outputs a step voltage to the

4 analog outputs. This test is useful for calibrating chart recorders and dataloggers attached

to the M200AU. The test can also be useful in diagnosing faults in the V/F board.

A. Turn on the instrument.

B. Enter the SETUP-MORE-DIAG-ENTR menu.

Select the ANALOG OUTPUT test. This causes the M200AU to output a 5 step voltage

pattern to the 4 analog outputs on the rear panel. The status of the test is shown on the front

panel display. The scrolling can be stopped at any voltage by pressing the key below the

changing percentage display. The values are 0-20-40-60-80-100% of whatever voltage range

has been selected. For example the voltages would be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5V if the 5V range had

been selected.

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Use a DVM on each of the analog output channels to confirm the correct voltages.

If the voltages step, but are the wrong values, the V/F board may be set up wrong or out of

calibration. See Section 9.3.3.1 for information on how to calibrate the V/F board.

Digital input channel test.

The digital I/O section of the V/F board has 8 input bits and 24 output bits. Two of the 8

input bits are assigned as calibration controls. See Section 7.5 for information on calibration

using external contact closures.

To test the digital inputs:

A. Turn on the M200AU.

B. Connect a jumper wire across pins 1 and 2 of the rear panel connector as shown in

Figure 2-2.

C. Shortly after closure is made the instrument should switch into zero mode as indicated on

the front panel display.

D. Remove the jumper.

Digital output channel test.

There are 24 output bits on the V/F board. The 24 bits are made up of 3 - 8 bit ports. It is

possible for a single 8 bit port or even a single bit within a port to fail.

A quick observational test of the digital outputs is to observe the LED's in the Power Supply

Module(Refer to Figure 9-5 for the location of the LED's in the PSM) The state of the LED's

can be checked from Table 4-1. The comments section assumes the M200AU has been

running for at least 45 minutes.

A more detailed test is in the DIAGNOSTIC menu. See Diagnostic tests in Section 9.1.3.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.3.3.1 ADC/DAC Calibration Procedure

Due to the stability of modern electronics, this procedure should only need to be performed if a

major sub-assembly is exchanged or when the display voltage does not match the input voltage

or current to the V/F card. After completion, a Factory Calibration Procedure should be

performed, see Section 9.1.6.

Before the actual calibration is performed, switches on the V/F card must be correctly set and

jumpers set on the motherboard. Jumper and switch setting changes must be performed with

the instrument power OFF.

Motherboard Jumpers

The motherboard contains 4 pairs of jumpers JP1 - JP8, one pair for each analog output channel.

Each channel can be configured for either voltage or current output. Use Table 9-7 to configure

the jumpers.

Table 9-7: Motherboard Jumper Settings

Terminal Pair

Rear panel

Jumper

Pair

Jumper Setting for

Voltage Mode

Jumper Setting

for Current Mode

Analog output

DAC 0 - NOx

DAC 1 - NO

DAC 2 - NO2

DAC 3 - TEST

3-4

5-6

1-2

7-8

JP3 - JP4

JP1 - JP2

JP5 - JP6

JP7 - JP8

B-C

A-B

V/F Board Switch Settings

There are 2 different types of current outputs, Non-Isolated and Isolated. Each requires a different switch

setting shown below. If you are operating the instrument in voltage output mode, the switches should be

set to the desired voltage range.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 9-8: V/F Board Switch Settings

DAC #

Sw 1

ON*

Sw 2

Sw 3

Sw 4

Sw 5

Sw 6

Sw 7

OFF*

*Required settings

10 V output or non-isolated current loop

Switch

State

Comment

Use for non-isolated current loop or 10 V output

OFF

5 V output or isolated current loop

Switch

State

OFF

Comment

Use for isolated current loop or 5 V output

OFF

1 V output

Switch

State

OFF

Comment

Use for 1 V output

OFF

100 mV output

Switch

State

OFF

Comment

Use for 100 mV output

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

After the switches and jumpers are set, turn on instrument power and complete the

following:

A. Press SETUP-MORE-DIAG, then press ENTR. Scroll to D/A CALIBRATION, press

ENTR.

Press ADC to select the first task, which is to calibrate the A/D converter.

B. Connect a DVM ground lead to TP3-AGND on the V/F board. Connect the positive lead

to TP9-DAC0.

C. The M200AU will display a voltage near 1% of the voltage range set in the above

procedure. See Figure 9-4 for a table of approximate expected voltages. Adjust R27 until

the displayed voltage matches the DVM voltage, then press ENTR.

D. The M200AU will display a voltage near 90% of the voltage range set in the above

procedure. Adjust R31 until the displayed voltage matches the DVM voltage, then press

ENTR. This step calibrates the instrument A/D converter to the external DVM.

E. The M200AU will automatically scroll through the DAC output channels, calibrating

each one. The display will update the progress of the calibration. If operating all analog

outputs in voltage mode this completes the calibration procedure.

The calibration of each channel can be checked or recalibrated independently by scrolling the

PREV-NEXT buttons and pressing CAL for the desired channel. Also, a DC offset bias can be

entered by pressing the OFFSET button for the appropriate channel.

Calibrating a channel for current loop operation:

BEFORE STARTING, make sure that hardware settings are correct as shown in Table 9-

6 and Table 9-7.

Calibrate the A/D converter as described in item 2 above, if necessary.

Connect a 250 ohm resistor in series with a current meter to the correct pair of terminals

on the rear panel, see Figure 2-2 for terminal assignments.

In the D/A calibration Menu press CFG, then use PREV-NEXT to select the channel to

be calibrated.

Press the SET button to select CURR for current loop operation, then press ENTR.

To enter the calibration routine press CAL.

To calibrate the 4 mA zero point, press the UP-UP10 - DN-DN10, then press ENTR.

The M200AU will then output 20 mA. Press the UP-UP10 - DN-DN10 buttons to

calibrate the span point, then press ENTR.

Repeat steps 2-6 for each channel that needs to be calibrated.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 9-4: V/F Board Settings

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.3.3.2 Changing Output Voltage Ranges

Several different output voltage ranges can be selected by switches on the V/F board. See Figure

9-4 for the switch settings.

9.3.4 Status/Temp Board

The Status/Temp Board is a multi-function board that:

Converts the resistance readings of the thermistors to voltages

Conditions the thermocouple voltage for the V/F card

Provides status output circuitry

Provides circuitry for contact closure inputs

Provides circuitry for display brown-out/reset at low line voltage

Provides chip carriers for voltage-to-current modules

9.3.4.1 Temperature Amplifier Section

The Status/Temp board is a multi-function board consisting of 4 thermistor amplifiers that

monitor:

IZS temperature (not available on the M200AU)

Reaction Cell temperature

Box temperature

Spare

All 4 amplifiers have a single gain control - R34. If necessary, you can adjust the temperature

values by selecting the BOX TEMP - TEST function and adjusting R34 until the correct box

temp is shown. Remember that the temperature inside the case runs several degrees higher than

room temperature, which should be taken into account when setting BOX TEMP.

The voltages of the thermistor and thermocouple amplifier outputs are brought out to test points

on the edge of the board. Refer to the Status/Temp board schematic for details. The voltages can

also be read using the DIAGNOSTIC - SIGNAL I/O feature. See Table 9-4 for details.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

In addition there is a thermocouple amplifier for the Moly converter.

Thermistor Temperature Amplifier Adjustments

If the temperature readouts are in error:

Locate the Box temp thermistor on the board and place a calibrated thermometer near the

thermistor.

Select the BOX TEMP - TEST function on the front panel.

Adjust R34 until the front panel readout matches the thermometer readout. This will

cause all of the readouts to accurately measure their respective temperatures.

Molybdenum Converter Thermocouple Amplifier Adjustments

The molybdenum converter temperature is sensed by a thermocouple. The cold junction

compensation and signal conditioning is done on the Temp/Status board.

The buffer amplifier from the thermocouple amplifier to the CPU for the Moly temperature has a

gain adjustment. The voltage times 100 at pins 8-9 of U1 is the Moly temperature in degrees C.

For example 3.15 VDC at pin 9 of U1 is 315^oC. The CPU is programmed to always drive the

temp to 315° C, so the voltage at U1 must be used as the absolute reference as to the correct

temperature. The temperature will vary ± 3 degrees due to the operation of the temperature

control loop in the CPU.

The R6 pot on the Status/Temp board can adjust the temperature. To adjust the molybdenum

converter temperature:

Select the CONV TEMP - TEST function on the front panel.

Wait until the converter is up to temperature, usually 30-45 min after a cold start.

Adjust R6 until the voltage at pin 8-9 of U1 is 3.15 VDC. The CONV TEMP - TEST

function will then read 315° C.

Recheck the temperature 15 min later and re-adjust if necessary.

9.3.4.2 Display Brownout

During low AC line conditions the display can lock up due to insufficient voltage. When low

line conditions are approaching, this circuit senses the condition by monitoring the un-regulated

+5 VDC in the Power Supply Module. If brownout conditions are met, the DISP_BROWNOUT

line is asserted and the CPU sends a hardware RESET command to the display and sends a

BRNOUT RESET pulse back to U4. Brownout conditions will be noticed by the display flashing

every 8 seconds.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.3.4.3 Status Output Lines, External Contact Closures

The Status lines consist of 2 active input lines, and 12 active output lines. Additional circuits are

present on the board but currently unused. Individual lines are set or cleared under CPU control

depending on the assigned alarm condition. The CPU also monitors the 2 input lines for remote

calibration commands. The status inputs and outputs are terminated at the rear panel, see Rear

Panel Connector Board schematic diagram in the Appendix.

The output lines are opto-coupled NPN transistors which can pass 50 ma max of direct current

with a voltage of 30 VDC max.

The input lines are optically coupled with inputs pulled up to +5 VDC. External contacts can be

contact closures or open collector transistor contacts. DO NOT apply any voltage, since +5 VDC

is supplied internally.

Individual status lines can be set or cleared using the DIAGNOSTIC mode SIGNAL I/O. This

can be useful for simulating fault conditions in the analyzer to see if external circuitry is working

correctly. See Table 5-9 for pin assignments.

9.3.4.4 4-20 mA Current Output

4-20 mA current loop option replaces the voltage output of the instrument with an isolated 4-20

mA current output. The current outputs come out on the same terminals that were used for

voltage outputs, see Figure 2-2. It is programmable for 4-20mA or 0-20mA and has a 1500 V

common mode voltage isolation and 240 V RMS normal mode voltage protection.

V_loop= 28V max which is sufficient to drive up to a 1000 ohm load.

9.3.5 Power Supply Module

The Power Supply Module consists of several subassemblies described in Table 9-9.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 9-9: Power Supply Module Subassemblies

Module

Description

Linear Power Supply

Board

The linear power supply board takes multiple voltage inputs from the

power transformer and produces +5, +15, -15, +12 VDC outputs. The

outputs are routed to two external connectors, P2 and P3. See

Figure 9-5. The +5 is used for operating the CPU. The ± 15 is used in

several locations for running op-amps and IC's. The +12 is used for

operating fans and valves.

Switching Power Supply

Switch Board

The switching power supply supplies +15 VDC at 4 A to the PMT

cooler control on the Sensor Module. The output is made available

through J10 on the Switch Board. There is a load resistor on the

Switch Board to keep the output stable when little current is required

from the supply.

The Switch Board has many different functions. It takes logic signals

from the V/F board and uses them to switch 4-115 VAC and 4-12VDC

loads. The board also contains the instrument central grounding tie

point. It routes unswitched AC and DC power as needed. Connector J2

programs the power transformers to take 115, 220, and 240 VAC

inputs

Power Transformers

There are potentially 2 input power transformers in the instrument. The

multi-tap transformer T1 is in every M200AU and supplies input

power for the Linear Power Supply board described above. A second

transformer T2 is added if 220 or 240 VAC input is required. Input

power selection is done via a programming connector P2 which

provides the proper connections for either foreign or domestic power.

Circuit Breaker/Power

Switch

The front panel contains a combination circuit breaker - input power

switch. It is connected to the PSM through J6 on the Switch Board. If

an overload is detected the switch goes to the OFF position. Switching

the power back on resets the breaker also.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 9-5: Power Supply Module Layout

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 9-6: Electrical Block Diagram

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

PSM Diagnostic Procedures

The Linear Power Supply board can be tested by checking the DCPS - TEST function on the

front panel. It should read 2500 mV ± 200 mV. If the value is outside this range, individual

output voltages can be tested on connector P3, see Schematic in the Appendix for pinouts.

The Switching Power Supply output can be tested by observing the temperature of the PMT cold

block using the PMT TEMP - TEST function. The temperature should be constant –5 ± 2°C. The

output voltage can be observed on J10 of the Switch Board. It should be 15 VDC ± 0.5.

The Switch Board can be tested by observing the diagnostic LEDS along the top edge of the

board. The following Table 9-10 describes the typical operation of each LED.

Table 9-10: Power Supply Module LED Operation

No.

Function

Description

NO/NO_xValve

Should switch about every 5 sec.

On(click sound) = NO_xmode

Off(thud sound) = NO mode

Zero/Span Valve

Should switch ON when CALZ or CALS button is

pressed.

Sample/Cal Valve

Pre-reactor Valve

Should switch ON when CALS button is pressed.

ON when M200AU in Pre-reactor mode. Happens once

every 6 NO/NO_xcycles or about once per minute.

Ozone Generator Power

Ozone generator power is controlled by:

1. Molybdenum converter temp

2. Time since last power-up

The ozone generator will be on if:

1. Moly temp is < 100 C and its been more than 30 min

since power up.

2. Moly temp between 100-250 C and its been more than

10 min since power up.

3. Moly temp > 250 C

Sample flow control block

heater

Should cycle ON-OFF every 20 sec to 2 min. On

continuously until up to temp.

Converter Heater

Should cycle ON-OFF every 20 sec to 2 min. On

continuously until up to temp.

Reaction Cell Heater

Should cycle ON-OFF every 20 sec to 2 min. On

continuously until up to temp.

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9.3.6 Ozone Generator

CAUTION - DANGER

Lethal voltages present inside Ozone Generator Turn

off instrument before servicing. Unplug Generator

before dis-assembling.

The ozone generator subsystem consists of a permeation drier, flowmeter, power supply -

generator module, and power switch. The location of the components is illustrated in Figure 9-7.

Ozone is generated by drying ambient air, passing the air between two electrodes that have a

large oscillating electric field generated by a high voltage transformer.

Common faults in the ozone generator are:

A leak or some other failure in the drier will let ambient air into the generator. There is

enough water vapor in room air to cause the generator to make nitric acid aerosol. It is very

corrosive and causes the generator cartridge to short out due to salt build-up. This reduces

the ozone concentration generated which can cause the analyzer to be non-linear due to

insufficient ozone concentration.

Contaminated ozone generator cartridge. Salts and oxgenated hydrocarbons can be

removed by rinsing with 10% nitric acid at 50° C, followed by de-ionized water rinse, then

dry air purge.

Shorts, open circuits, arcing. Because of the very high voltages, the glass ozone generator

cartridge may crack and cause an internal arc or short circuit. Measure the voltage between

TP-4 and TP-5 on the Ozone Generator Driver Board. The voltage should be 0.045 ± .005

VDC, indicating that the drive current is about .45 A. If the value is either zero or

significantly greater than 0.45, the ozone generator is faulty.

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Table 9-11: Ozone Generator Control Conditions

Ozone

Generator

Condition

Description

OFF

Manual override off (SETUP-MORE-DIAG-OZONE GEN).

Manual override on.

Ozone flow below low warning limit for 5 minutes (OFLOW_SET

OFF

setup variable, typically <40 cc/min).

Instrument powered on for more than 30 minutes.

Instrument powered off for less than 1 hour and ozone generator was

on when instrument was powered off.

Ozone flow above low warning limit for 0.5 minutes and condition 4

or 5 is true.

NOTE

The ozone generator is independently controlled in the SIGNAL I/O, OPTIC

TEST, and ELECTRICAL TEST diagnostics. After exiting these diagnostics,

the ozone generator is restored to the state specified by the above conditions.

9.3.6.1 PermaPure Drier

The PermaPure drier is constructed of 2 concentric tubes. The inner tube is a special material

that has an affinity for water vapor. The outer annulus is evacuated by the instrument pump. This

creates a concentration gradient causing water in ambient air to diffuse into the outer annulus,

thus the air in the inner tube becomes progressively drier as it progresses down the tube.

Due to the large number of connections and fittings on the drier, the most common drier fault is

leaks. Before proceding with any other procedures check the drier for leaks.

Occasionally the drier gets contaminated. The manufacturer of the drier recommends replacing

the drier rather than trying to clean it. If cleaning is chosen, the following options are available:

Dirt - Clean any solids from dryer inlet by brushing. Use clean dry air to blow any loose

particles from the inlet. Deionized water or dilute(5-10% conc HCl in deionized water)

hydrochloric acid can be passed through the dryer. This should be done only with the dryer

and HCl at room temperature.

Organic liquids and freons - Rinse the inner and outer tubes using 1,1,1 trichlorethane.

Follow the solvent with dry air to purge the solvent.

Inorganic salts and oxgenated hydrocarbons can be removed by rinsing with 10% nitric

acid at 50° C.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 9-7: Ozone Generator Subsystem

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.3.7 Flow/Pressure Sensor

The flow/pressure sensor board consists of 2 pressure sensors and a flow sensor. See Figure 9-8

for a diagram of this board. From these three sensors four values are computed and displayed on

the front panel TEST functions. They are:

Ozone flow - measured directly - S3, R3

Reaction Cell Pressure - measured directly - S2, R2

Sample gas pressure - measured directly S1, R1

Sample Flow - computed from sample pressure and reaction cell pressure S1, S2

The above pressures and flows are filtered to produce the front panel readings. There is a small

delay after adjustment for a steady reading when observing the TEST functions.

To adjust the OZONE flow:

Go to DIAG mode by pressing SETUP-MORE-DIAG, then select SIGNAL I/O, and

press ENTR. Select OZONE_FLOW by using NEXT-PREV keys.

Adjust R3 so that OZONE_FLOW reads 2000 mV. This is the coarse adjustment.

Press EXIT to return to the SAMPLE mode. Select the OZONE FL - TEST function. Use

a calibrated flow measuring device to make small adjustments in R3 to dial in correct flow.

To adjust the SAMPLE PRESSURE:

Go to DIAG mode by pressing SETUP-MORE-DIAG, then select SIGNAL I/O, and

press ENTR. Select SAMPLE_PRESS by using NEXT-PREV keys.

Adjust R1 to read 4100 mV, which will give approximately the correct pressure.

Press EXIT to return to the SAMPLE mode. Select SAMP - TEST function. Use a

calibrated absolute pressure meter to make small adjustments to R1 until the correct absolute

pressure is displayed. 29.92 in-Hg-A is the target value at sea level. The rate of decrease is

about 1"-Hg per 1000 ft of altitude.

To adjust the REACTION CELL PRESSURE:

Go to DIAG mode by pressing SETUP-MORE-DIAG, then select SIGNAL I/O, and

press ENTR. Select RCELL_PRESS by using the NEXT-PREV keys.

Adjust R2 to read 1450 mV, which will give approximately the correct pressure.

Press EXIT to return to the SAMPLE mode. Select RCEL - TEST function. Use a

calibrated absolute pressure meter to make small adjustments to R2 until the correct absolute

pressure is displayed. The target value is about 5 in-Hg-A for the external Thomas pump in

good condition at sea level.

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To adjust the SAMPLE FLOW

In SAMPLE mode, scroll the TEST functions to SAMP FLW. Observe the reading. Then

subtract the observed reading from the desired reading.

Go to the VARS menu by SETUP-MORE-VARS, then pressing ENTR. Scroll to

SFLOW_SET and press EDIT. The first value displayed is the SFLOW_SET:VALUE

reading, ADD the value from step 1 to the reading shown and key in the new reading, then

press ENTR. Check the low and high warning limits which are displayed as the next 2 values

to make sure the new value does not exceed the warning limits. Press exit to return to

SAMPLE mode.

Observe the SAMP FLW value. If necessary, repeat step 2 to adjust the reading again to

match the desired flow rate.

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 9-8: Flow/Pressure Sensor

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 9-9: NO_xSensor Module

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 9-10: NO_xSensor Module

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.3.8 NO_xSensor Module

Figure 9-9 and Figure 9-10 show the assembly of the NO_xsensor module.

9.3.8.1 PMT

The PMT detects the light emitted by the reaction of NO with ozone. It has a gain of about

500,000 to 1,000,000. It is not possible to test the detector outside of the instrument in the field.

The best way to determine if the PMT is working is by using Optic Test. OT operation is

described in Section 9.1.3.3.

The basic method to diagnose a PMT fault is to eliminate the other components using ET, OT

and specific tests for other sub-assemblies.

9.3.8.2 Reaction Cell Temp

The CPU controls the reaction cell temperature. It operates by reading a thermistor amplifier on

the Status/Temp board. The CPU controls the temperature by toggling a bit on the V/F board.

The V/F board TTL logic controls a solid state switch on the switch board in the PSM. The

switched 115VAC comes out of the PSM to a connector near the underside of the reaction cell.

A warning message may be present during initial warm-up or if the connector is not plugged in

after cleaning the reaction cell.

9.3.8.3 Preamp Board

The NO_xPreamp Board is a multi-function board providing circuitry to support the following

functions.

Preamp, buffer amplifier, physical range control hardware for the PMT detector.

Precision voltage reference and voltage generation, and control for the PMT - HVPS

inside the sensor module.

Constant current generator and adjustment for the Optic Test LED.

Voltage generation and adjustment for Electric Test.

Thermistor amplifier, control signal generation for the PMT cooler.

The setup and adjustment of items 1-4 above is covered in the Factory Calibration procedure in

Section 9.1.6. Item 5 has no adjustable features.

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Figure 9-11: PMT Cooler Subsystem

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9.3.8.4 PMT Cooler

The PMT cooler uses a Peltier cooler supplied with DC current from the switching power supply

in the Power Supply Module. An overall view is shown in Figure 9-9. A proportional

temperature controller located on the Preamp board controls the temperature. Voltages applied to

the cooler element vary from .1 to 12 VDC. The input voltage from the supply is 15 VDC. The

actual -5° C setpoint will vary ± 1° C due to component tolerances. The temperature will be

maintained within 0.1° C about the setpoint. If the temperature fails to drop after a few minutes,

there is a problem in the cooler circuit. If the control circuit on the Preamp card is faulty a

temperature of -10° C is reported.

9.3.8.5 High Voltage P.S.

The HVPS is located in the interior of the Sensor Module, and is plugged into the PMT tube. It

requires 2 voltage inputs. The first is +15 VDC, which powers the supply. The second is the

programming voltage, which is generated on the Preamp Board. This power supply is unlike a

traditional PMT HVPS. It is like having 10 independent power supplies, one to each pin of the

PMT. The test procedure below allows you to test each supply.

Adjustment of the HVPS is covered in the Factory Calibration Procedure in Section 9.1.6. To

troubleshoot the HVPS:

Turn off the instrument.

Remove the cover and disconnect the 2 connectors at the front of the NO_xSensor

Module.

Remove the end cap from the sensor.

Remove the HVPS/PMT assembly from the cold block inside the sensor. Un-plug the

PMT tube.

Re-connect the 7 pin connector to the Sensor end cap, and power-up the instrument.

Use Figure 9-12 to check the voltages at each pin of the supply, and the overall voltage.

Turn off the instrument power, and re-connect the PMT tube, then re-assemble the

sensor.

If any faults are found in the test, you must obtain a new HVPS as there are no user serviceable

parts inside the supply.

9-62

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Figure 9-12: High Voltage Power Supply

9-63

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.3.9 Z/S Valves

Before troubleshooting this sub-assembly, check that the Z/S valve option was ordered, and that

they are enabled in the software.

Section 6.3 shows how the Z/S valves should be set-up, and how to use them with the AutoCal

and Dynamic Cal features.

Check for the Z/S valves:

Check for the physical presence of the valves. See Figure 2-5 for the Z/S Valve location.

Check front panel for option presence. The front panel should display CALS and CALZ

buttons when the instrument is in SAMPLE mode. The presence of the buttons indicates that

the option has been enabled in software.

Troubleshooting the Z/S valves.

It is possible to manually toggle each of the valves in the DIAGNOSTIC mode. Refer to

Section 9.1.3 for information on using the DIAG mode. Also refer to Figure 8-5, Figure 8-6

and Figure 8-7 for a pneumatic diagram of the system.

9-64

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

9.3.10 Pneumatic System

The pneumatic system is diagramed in Figure 8-5, Figure 8-6 and Figure 8-7.

9.3.10.1 Leak Check

CAUTION

When doing a leak check do not pressurize

the M200AU to greater than 15psi.

Damage to internal components will

occur at higher pressures.

The basic cause of many performance problems is a leak. Refer to Section 8.7 for the leak check

procedure.

9.3.10.2 Sample Pump Diagnostic Procedures

The sample pump is capable of maintaining the reaction cell pressure at 3-4”Hg-A. If higher

pressures are noted, the pump may need servicing. Check the pump, inlet fittings, and analyzer

for leaks first. If other causes have been eliminated, rebuild the pump.

9-65

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INTENTIONALLY BLANK

9-66

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

10 M200AU SPARE PARTS LIST

NOTE

Use of replacement parts other than those supplied by Teledyne API may

result in non-compliance with European Standard EN 61010-1.

Table 10-1: Teledyne API M200AU Spare Parts List

Part No.

025690000

000940400

000941000

002270100

002730000

002761010

003690000

003690100

005140300

007280000

009690000

009690100

010680100

010860000

011310000

011980000

012360000

013140000

013570000

014080100

014610000

016810000

018720000

019300000

(table continued)

Description

Teledyne API Model 200AU Spare Parts List

Orifice, 4 mil, 80 cc, Rx Cell (844-012600)

Orifice, 13 mil 1000 cc, Rx Cell

Gasket (Rx Cell) Qty. 12

Window 665 NM (002-013100)

CPU Board 200AU AMX)

Filter, TFE, 37 mm, Qty. 100 (872-006400)

Filter, TFE, 37 mm, Qty. 25 (872-006300)

V/F Board

NEW Display

Filter, TFE, 47 mm, Qty. 100

Filter, TFE, 47 mm, Qty. 25

Heater, MOLY Converter

Status/Temperature Board

Drier Assembly Complete with Flow Control

Assembly, MOLY Thermocouple

Fan, Power Supply Module

Fan, PMT Cooler

Thermistor Assembly (Cooler)

Assembly, High Voltage Power Supply

Cooler Assembly

O3 Generator Assembly W/ 01668E Driver Board

Molybdenum converter with O3 Scrubber

Keyboard

10-1

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 10-1: Teledyne API M200AU Spare Parts List (Continued)

Part No.

Description

021070000

022220000

FL0000001

FL0000003

FM0000004

HE0000017

HW0000020

HW0000036

KIT000028

KIT000029

OR0000001

OR0000002

OR0000034

OR0000042

OR0000044

OR0000058

PS0000010

025690000

PU0000028

PU0000030

RL0000008

RL0000015

SW0000006

SW0000008

VA0000024

022300000

022930000

023180000

DR0000002

PMT Pre-amplifier Board Assembly

15 Vdc, 4A Switching Power Supply

Sintered Filter (002-024900)

Filter, DFU (036-040180)

Flow Meter, 0-1000 cc

Heater, Reaction Cell, 12W

Spring, Flow Control

TFE Thread Tape (48 FT)

Retrofit , 37mm Retaining Ring, Sample Filter

Retrofit , 47mm Retaining Ring, Sample Filter

Tubing: 6’, 1/8” CLR

O-Ring, Bearing, Cell

O-Ring, Input/Output Mirror/Detector

O-Ring, Sensor Assembly

O-Ring, Reaction Cell

O-Ring, Sample Filter

15V Switching Power Supply

Teledyne API Model 200AU Spare Parts List

Pump, 115V/60Hz, M200AU

Pump Rebuild Kit, M200AU

Solid State Relay, 12 Vdc

Solid State Relay, 115 Vac

Overheat SW, Cell/Oven

Pressure Sensor

Manifold Valve, 3-Way, Vent

DC Power Supply Board

Instruction Manual for M200AU

M200AU Expendables Kit

PMT Desciccant Baggies

10-2

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table 10-2: Teledyne API MODEL 200AU Expendable Kit

Part No.

Description

023180000

Includes:

M200AU Expendables Kit

Qty

002270100

003690100

FL0000001

FL0000003

HW0000020

OR0000001

Gasket (Rx Cell) Qty. 12

Filter, TFE, 37 mm, Qty. 25 (872-006300)

Sintered Filter (002-024900)

Filter, DFU (036-040180)

Spring, Flow Control

O-Ring, Flow Control

10-3

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

APPENDIX A ELECTRICAL SCHEMATICS

Table A-1: Electrical Schematics

Part No.

00402

00403

00514

00515

00704

00705

01086

01087

01109

01110

01114

01115

0113912

01206

01207

01464

01465

01471

01668

01669

01839

01840

01916

01917

01930

Name

Sensor Board Assembly

Sensor Board Schematic

V/F Board Assembly

V/F Board Schematic

Keyboard Assembly

Keyboard Schematic

Status/Temp Assembly

Status/Temp Schematic

Motherboard Assembly

Motherboard Schematic

Connector Board Assembly

Connector Board Schematic

PSM Overall schematic - CE Mark

Switch Board Assembly

Switch Board Schematic

DC Power Supply Assembly

DC Power Supply Schematic

4-20 mA Output Option

Ozone Generator Power Supply Assembly

Ozone Generator Power Supply Schematic

Thermoelectric Cooler Control Assembly

Thermoelectric Cooler Control Schematic

Connector Board Schematic - CE MARK

Connector Board Assembly - CE MARK

Keyboard Assembly - CE MARK

Keyboard Schematic - CE MARK

01931

(table continued)

A-1

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Teledyne API Model 200AU NO_XAnalyzer Instruction Manual, 02293, Rev. F

Table A-1: Electrical Schematics (Continued)

Part No.

02034

02035

02037

02038

02107

02108

02222

02223

02230

02231

03172

03173

03174

03175

Name

A-Series Valve Driver Assembly

A-Series Valve Driver Schematic

ISBX I/O Port Assembly

ISBX I/O Port Schematic

Preamp Board Assembly

Preamp Board Schematic

Switch Board Assembly - CE MARK

Switch Board Schematic - CE MARK

DC Power Supply Assembly - CE MARK

DC Power Supply Schematic - CE MARK

M200A Interconnect Diagram

M200AH Interconnect Diagram

M200AU Interconnect Diagram

M201A Interconnect Diagram

A-2

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