TM
Instant Wireless Series
Dual-Band Wireless
Access Point
Use this guide to install: WAP51AB
User Guide
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Instant WirelessTM Series
Dual-Band Wireless Access Point
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction
TM
The Instant Wireless Dual-Band Wireless Access Point
Chapter 1: Introduction
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The Instant WirelessTM Dual-Band Wireless Access Point
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Features
Package Contents
System Requirements
Install an access point that protects your infrastructure investment without lim-
iting you to a single type of wireless technology. The Instant Wireless™ Dual-
Band Wireless Access Point works simultaneously with both 802.11a and
802.11b wireless standards to bring you the ultimate in wireless freedom. This
means you can enjoy the broadest spectrum of wireless networking now with-
out the worry of a costly upgrade later.
Chapter 2: Planning Your Wireless Network
Network Topology
Roaming
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Chapter 3: Getting to Know the Dual-Band Wireless Access Point
The Dual-Band Wireless Access Point’s Back Panel
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The Dual-Band Wireless Access Point's antennas enhance reception and pro-
vide seamless roaming through your wireless networks. An advanced user
authentication feature and security encryption of up to 152 bits give you the
highest level of network security. It's both easy to install and easy to use. With
Internet browser-based configuration and Windows-Based Setup Wizard,
you're always in control.
The Dual-Band Wireless Access Point’s Front Panel
Chapter 4: Connecting the Dual-Band Wireless Access Point
Chapter 5: Setting Up the Dual-Band Wireless Access Point
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Chapter 6: Configuring the Dual-Band Wireless Access Point
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The Setup Tab
The Password Tab
The Status Tab
The Help Tab
The Filter Tab
The Wireless Tab
Compact, lightweight, and power-efficient, the Dual-Band Wireless Access
Point is the perfect wireless networking solution, no matter which wireless net-
working standard you choose to use.
Features
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•
High Speed Wireless Networking
Protection forYour Wireless Investment - Supports Both 2.4GHz and 5GHz
Wireless Technology
Appendix A: Troubleshooting
Frequently Asked Questions
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•
Wireless Security with WEP Encryption of up to 152-bits and MAC
Address Filtering
Quick and Easy to Use with Web-Based Management and Windows-Based
Setup Wizard
Operates in Both the 5GHz and 2.4GHz Bands
Wi-Fi Compatibility with 802.11a and 802.11b Technology
Up to 72 Mbps Turbo Mode (with Linksys 802.11a products only)
Supports up to 64 Simultaneous Wireless Users
Free Technical Support - 24 Hours a Day, 7 Days a Week, Toll-Free U.S.
Calls
Appendix B: Setting Up the TCP/IP and IPX Protocols
Setting Up TCP/IP in Windows
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TCP/IP Setup for Windows 95, 98, and Millennium
IPX Setup for Windows 95, 98, and Millennium
TCP/IP Setup for Windows NT 4.0
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IPX Setup for Windows NT 4.0
TCP/IP Setup for Windows 2000
IPX Setup for Windows 2000
TCP/IP Setup for Windows XP
Appendix C: Glossary
37
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1-Year Limited Warranty
Appendix D: Specifications
Environmental
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Appendix E: Warranty Information
Appendix F: Contact Information
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Instant WirelessTM Series
Dual-Band Wireless Access Point
Chapter 2: Planning Your
Wireless Network
Network Topology
A wireless LAN is a group of computers, each equipped with one Instant
Wireless™ Series adapter. Computers in a wireless LAN must be configured
to share the same radio channel.
The Instant Wireless™ Series adapters provide access to a wired LAN for wire-
less workstations. An integrated wireless and wired LAN is called an infra-
structure configuration. A group of Instant Wireless™ Series adapter users and
an Instant Wireless™ Dual-Band Wireless Access Point compose a Basic
Service Set (BSS). Each Instant Wireless™ Series adapter PC in a BSS can
talk to any computer in a wired LAN infrastructure via the Dual-Band Wireless
Access Point.
Figure 1-1
Package Contents
• One Dual-Band Wireless Access Point
• One Setup CD-ROM with User Guide
• One Power Adapter
• One Quick Installation guide
• One Registration Card
An infrastructure configuration extends the accessibility of an Instant
Wireless™ Series adapter PC to a wired LAN, and doubles the effective wire-
less transmission range for two Instant Wireless™ Series adapter PCs. Since
the Dual-Band Wireless Access Point is able to forward data within its BSS, the
effective transmission range in an infrastructure LAN is doubled.
Roaming
System Requirements
Infrastructure mode also supports roaming capabilities for mobile users. More
than one BSS can be configured as an Extended Service Set (ESS). This con-
tinuous network allows users to roam freely within an ESS. All PCs equipped
with an Instant Wireless™ Series adapter within one ESS must be configured
with the same ESS ID and use the same radio channel.
One Pentium Class PC (200MHz or Faster Processor) with:
•
•
64MB RAM,
Internet Explorer 4.0 or Netscape Navigator 4.7 or Higher for Web-based
configuration,
•
•
•
one CD-ROM Drive, and
802.11a or 802.11b Wireless Adapter with TCP/IP Protocol Installed
a Network Adapter with Category 5 Ethernet Network Cabling and
TCP/IP protocol installed
Before enabling an ESS with roaming capability, choosing a feasible radio
channel and optimum Dual-Band Wireless Access Point position is recom-
mended. Proper Access Point positioning combined with a clear radio signal
will greatly enhance performance.
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Dual-Band Wireless Access Point
The Dual-Band Wireless Access Point’s Front Panel
Chapter 3: Getting to Know the
Dual-Band Wireless Access Point
The Dual-Band Wireless Access Point’s Back Panel
The Access Point’s ports, where a network cable is connected, are located on
the Access Point’s back panel.
Figure 3-2
Power
Diag
Green. The Power LED lights up when the Access Point is
powered on.
Red. The Diag LED indicates the Access Point’s self-diagnosis
mode during boot-up and restart. It will turn off upon com-
pleting the diagnosis. If this LED stays on for an abnormally
long period of time, refer to the Troubleshooting Appendix.
Figure 3-1
WLAN Act
Green. If the WLAN’s Act LED is flickering, the Access Point
is actively sending or receiving data to or from one of the
devices on the network.
LAN
This LAN (Local Area Network) port connects to
Ethernet network devices, such as a hub, switch, or
router.
WLAN Link Green. The WLAN’s Link LED lights whenever there is a suc-
Power
The Power port is where you will connect the power
adapter.
cessful wireless connection.
LAN Act/Link Green. The LAN’s LINK LED serves two purposes. If the
LED is continuously lit, the Access Point is successfully con-
nected to a device through the LAN port. If the LED is flick-
ering, it is an indication of any network activity.
Power Switch
Reset Button
The Power Switch is where you will turn the Access
Point on and off.
There are two ways to Reset the Access Point’s factory
defaults. Either press the Reset Button, for approximate-
ly ten seconds, or restore the defaults from the password
tab in the Access Point’s Web-Based Utility.
LAN Full/Col Green. The LAN’s Full/Col LED also serves two purposes.
When this LED is continuously lit, the connection made
through the corresponding port is running in Full Duplex
mode. A flickering LED indicates that the connection is expe-
riencing collisions. Infrequent collisions are normal. If this
LED blinks too often, there may be a problem with your con-
nection. Refer to the Troubleshooting Appendix if you think
there is a problem.
Important: Resetting the Access Point will erase all of your settings
(WEP Encryption, Wireless and LAN settings, etc.) and replace
them with the factory defaults. Do not reset the Access Point if you
want to retain these settings
LAN 100
Orange. The LAN’s 100 LED indicates when a successful
100Mbps connection is made through the LAN port.
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Instant WirelessTM Series
Dual-Band Wireless Access Point
Chapter 4: Connecting the Dual-
Band Wireless Access Point
1. Locate an optimum location for the Access Point. The best place for the
Access Point is usually at the center of your wireless network, with line of
sight to all of your mobile stations.
Chapter 5: Setting Up the Dual-
Band Wireless Access Point
Have You: Connected the Access Point to a hub, switch or router
on your wired network as shown in Chapter 4: Connecting the
Dual-Band Wireless Access Point? The Access Point can only be
set up through your wired network.
2. Fix the direction of the antenna. Try to place it in a position which can
best cover your wireless network. Normally, the higher you place the anten-
na, the better the performance will be. The antenna’s position enhances the
receiving sensitivity.
Now that you’ve connected the Access Point to your wired network, you are
ready to begin setting it up. This Setup Wizard will take you through all the
steps necessary to configure the Access Point.
Note: While the Access Point has been designed to work correctly
right out of the box, setting it up on a wireless computer will require
you to use the Linksys default settings. These settings can then be
changed with the Setup Wizard or Web-based Browser Utility.
3. Connect a standard Ethernet network cable to the Access Point. Then,
connect the other end of the Ethernet cable to a switch or hub. The Access
Point will then be connected to your 10/100 Network.
4. Connect the AC Power Adapter to the Access Point’s Power Socket.
Only use the power adapter supplied with the Access Point. Use of a differ-
ent adapter may result in product damage.
1. Insert the Setup Wizard CD into your PC’s CD-ROM drive. Your PC must
be on your wired network to set up the Access Point.
Now that the hardware installation is complete, proceed to Chapter 5: Setting
Up the Dual-Band Wireless Access Point for directions on how to set up the
Access Point.
2. The screen in Figure 5-1 should appear on your monitor. If it does not, this
means the autorun is not functioning. Start the Setup Wizard manually by
clicking the Start button, selecting Run, and typing d:\setup.exe (where
“D” is your PC’s CD-ROM drive). Click the Setup button to continue this
Setup Wizard. Clicking the User Guide button opened this User Guide. To
access the Linksys web site on an active Internet connection, click the
Linksys Web button or to exit this Setup Wizard, click the Exit button.
Note: In order for all other wireless devices to communicate with
the Access Point, those devices must be operating in the
Infrastructure Mode. If any wireless devices are configured in
the Ad Hoc Mode, they will not be recognized by the Access Point.
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Instant WirelessTM Series
Dual-Band Wireless Access Point
4. The next screen to appear, shown in Figure 5-3, will display a list of access
points on your network along with the status information for each access
point. If this is the only access point on your network, it will be the only one
displayed. If there are more than one displayed, select the Access Point by
clicking on it and click the Yes button to continue or No to exit the Setup
Wizard.
Figure 5-1
3. The following screen, shown in Figure 5-2, displays how the Access Point
is configured in this Setup Wizard. Optimally, you should perform this
setup through a PC on your wired network. Click the Next button to con-
tinue or Exit to exit the Setup Wizard.
Figure 5-3
5. You will be asked to sign onto the
Access Point you’ve selected, as
shown in Figure 5-4. Enter the
Password you’ve assigned. If
none has been assigned, enter the
default password: admin. Then,
click the OK button. (This pass-
word can be changed from the
Web-based Utility’s Password
tab.)
Figure 5-4
6. As shown in Figure 5-5, the IP Settings screen will appear next. Enter an
IP Address, Subnet Mask, and enter a unique access point name for the
Access Point appropriate to your network. Then, click the Next button to
continue or Back to return to the previous page.
• IP Address. This IP address must be unique to your network. (The
default IP address is 192.168.1.250.)
Figure 5-2
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Dual-Band Wireless Access Point
Figure 5-6
Figure 5-5
The WEP key can consist of the letters “A” through “F” and the numbers
“0” through “9” and should be 10 characters in length for 64-bit encryption,
26 characters in length for 128-bit encryption, or 32 characters in length for
152-bit encryption. All points in your wireless network must use the same
WEP key to utilize WEP encryption.
• Subnet Mask. The Access Point’s Subnet Mask must be the same as your
Ethernet network.
• Access Point Name. Assign a name to the Access Point. Unique, mem-
orable names are helpful, especially if you are employing multiple access
points on the same network.
Then, click the Next button to continue or Back to return to the previous
page.
7. As shown in Figure 5-6, the Basic Settings screen for your 5 GHz/802.11a
wireless products will appear. Enter your wireless network’s SSID and
select the channel at which the network broadcasts its wireless signal. Then,
click the Next button to continue or Back to return to the previous page.
• SSID. The SSID is the unique name shared among all points in a wire-
less network. The SSID must be identical for all points in the wireless
network. It is case sensitive and must not exceed 32 characters, which
may be any keyboard character. Make sure this setting is the same for all
points in your wireless network.
• Channel. Select the appropriate channel from the list provided to corre-
spond with your network settings, between 36 and 64. All points in your
wireless network must use the same channel in order to function correct-
ly.
8. The Security Settings screen (Figure 5-7) for your 5 GHz/802.11a wireless
products will appear next. From this screen, you will set the Wired
Equivalent Privacy (WEP) encryption, 64-bit/128-bit/152-bit, for your
wireless network. Select a WEP configuration method and a WEP key.
Figure 5-7
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Dual-Band Wireless Access Point
9. As shown in Figure 5-8, the Basic Settings screen for your 2.4
GHz/802.11b wireless products will appear. Enter your wireless network’s
SSID and select the channel at which the network broadcasts its wireless
signal. Then, click the Next button to continue or Back to return to the pre-
vious page.
10. The Security Settings screen (Figure 5-9) for your 2.4 GHz/802.11b wire-
less products will appear next. From this screen, you will set the Wired
Equivalent Privacy (WEP) encryption, 64-bit/128-bit, for your wireless
network. Select a WEP configuration method and a WEP passphrase.
• WEP (Disable/64-bit WEP/128-bit WEP). In order to utilize WEP
encryption, select the WEP setting from the pull-down menu. If you do
not wish to utilize WEP encryption, make sure Disable is selected.
• SSID. The SSID is the unique name shared among all points in a wire-
less network. The SSID must be identical for all points in the wireless
network. It is case sensitive and must not exceed 32 characters, which
may be any keyboard character. Make sure this setting is the same for all
points in your wireless network.
• Passphrase. This is a text string with a maximum of 16 alphanumeric
characters used for generating a WEP Key. Type the passphrase here.
This passphrase may not work with non-Linksys products due to possible
incompatibility with other vendors’ passphrase generators. If you’d rather
not use a passphrase and would rather enter the WEP Key manually, click
the Next button.
• Channel. Select the appropriate channel from the list provided to corre-
spond with your network settings, between 1 and 11 (in North America).
All points in your wireless network must use the same channel in order
to function correctly.
Click the Next button to continue or Back to return to the previous page.
Figure 5-8
Figure 5-9
Note: WEP encryption should be used whenever communicating
over a wireless network. Wireless transmissions, by their very
nature, are unprotected and WEP encryption helps to close this
hole in security and make your wireless network safer to use.
Note: The Access Point’s passphrase function when mixing prod-
ucts from other manufacturers into your wireless network. Linksys
products should always be used for optimum functionality. If
another company’s wireless product is used, however, the WEP key
should be set manually.
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11. The following Security screen, shown in Figure 5-7, will allow you to enter
your WEP key. Each point in your wireless network must use the same WEP
key for the network to function properly. Verify that the appropriate key is
entered and click the Next button to continue or Back to return to the pre-
vious page.
The WEP key can consist of the letters “A” through “F” and the numbers
“0” through “9” and should be 10 characters in length for 64-bit encryption
or 26 characters in length for 128-bit encryption. All points in your wireless
network must use the same WEP key to utilize WEP encryption.
Figure 5-11
13. At this point, the configuration performed with the Setup Wizard is com-
plete, as shown in Figure 5-12. To configure any other Access Points in your
network, you can run this Setup Wizard again. Click the Exit button to exit
the Setup Wizard.
Figure 5-10
12. You should now review the settings you’ve chosen, as shown in Figure 5-
11. If these settings are correct, click the Yes button to save these settings.
If you wish to change any of the settings, click the No button. You will exit
the Setup Wizard and can start it again to revise your settings.
Figure 5-12
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•
Static IP Address. This IP address must be unique to your network. (The
default IP address is 192.168.1.250. As this is a private IP address, there is
no need to purchase a separate IP address from your service provider.)
Verify the address and click the Apply button to save changes.
Chapter 6: Configuring the Dual-
Band Wireless Access Point
•
Subnet Mask. The Access Point’s Subnet Mask (or IP Mask) must be the
same as your Ethernet (wired) network. Verify this is correct and click the
Apply button to set it.
Note: The Access Point is designed to function properly after
using the Setup Wizard. This chapter is provided solely for those
who wish to perform more advanced configuration or monitoring.
The Access Point has been designed to be functional right out of the box, with
the default settings in the Setup Wizard. However, if you’d like to change these
settings, the Access Point can be configured through your web browser with the
Web-Based Utility. This chapter explains how to configure the Access Point in
this manner.
Open your web browser and type the
IP Address you entered in the Setup
Wizard. (The default IP address is
192.168.1.250.) (Should you need to
learn what IP Address the Access
Point presently uses, run the Setup
Wizard again. It will scan the Access
Point and give you its IP Address.)
Press the Enter key and the follow-
ing screen, shown in Figure 6-1, will
appear. Leave the User Name field
blank. The first time you open the
Web-Based Utility, use the default
password admin. You can set a new
Figure 6-1
password from the Password tab.
The Setup Tab
The first screen that appears, shown in Figure 6-2, is the “Setup” tab. This
allows you to change the Access Point’s general settings. Change these settings
as described here and click the Apply button to apply your changes or Cancel
to cancel your changes. If you require online help, click the Help button.
Figure 6-2
The following entries are for both 5GHz/802.11a and 2.4GHz/802.11b:
•
Firmware. This will display the Access Point’s current firmware version.
Firmware can be upgraded from the Help tab.
• SSID. The SSID is the unique name shared among all points in a wire-
less network. The SSID must be identical for all points in the wireless
network. It is case sensitive and must not exceed 32 alphanumeric char-
acters, which may be any keyboard character. Make sure this setting is the
same for all points in your wireless network.
•
Access Point Name. You may assign any name to the Access Point.
Unique, memorable names are helpful, especially if you are employing
multiple access points on the same network. Verify this is the name you
wish to use and click the Apply button to set it.
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• Channel. Select the appropriate channel from the list provided to corre-
spond with your network settings. This should be between 1 and 11 (in
North America) for 2.4GHz/802.11b devices and 36 and 64 (in North
America) for 5GHz/802.11a devices. All points in your wireless network
must use the same channel in order to function correctly.
• WEP. The WEP Encryption method is Disabled by default. To enable
WEP, click the WEP Key Setting button.
Click the Apply button to apply your changes or Cancel to cancel your
changes. If you require online help, click the Help button.
SETTING WEP ENCRYPTION:
Setting WEP Encryption through the Web-based Browser Utility is done by
clicking the WEP Key Setting button on the Setup Screen as shown in Figure
6-2.
Figure 6-4
This will open the WEP Key Setting screen. This screen is shown in Figure 6-
3 for 5GHz/802.11a or Figure 6-4 for 2.4GHz/802.11b. Select the WEP
encryption for the type(s) of wireless technology you are using. From this
screen, you can select the type of WEP encryption to use as well as set the WEP
Key for that encryption.
From the pull-down menu, select the type of WEP encryption you wish to use.
If you are using 5GHz/802.11a wireless technology, you will need to enter the
key manually.
If you are using 2.4GHz/802.11b wireless technology and wish to use a WEP
Passphrase, it can be a maximum of 16 alphanumeric characters. This
passphrase may not work with non-Linksys products due to possible incom-
patibility with other vendors’passphrase generators. The WEP Key can be gen-
erated using your Passphrase or you can enter it manually. Type that here.
Important: Always remember that each point in your wireless net-
work MUST use the same WEP Encryption method and encryption
key or your wireless network will not function properly.
The WEP key must consist of the letters “A” through “F” and the numbers “0”
through “9” and should be 10 characters in length for 64-bit encryption or 26
characters in length for 128-bit encryption. (When using 5GHz/802.11a wire-
less technology, 152-bit encryption is also available. The WEP key under this
setting should be 32 characters in length.) All points in your wireless network
must use the same WEP key to utilize WEP encryption.
Once the Passphrase is entered, click the Generate key to generate a WEP key.
Click the Apply button to apply your changes and return to the Setup tab or
Cancel to cancel your changes. To clear any of the information you’ve typed
but not yet applied, click the Clear button.
Figure 6-3
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The Password Tab
The Status Tab
Figure 6-7
Figure 6-8
The “Password” tab, shown in Figure 6-7, allows you to change the Access
Point’s password and restore factory defaults.
The “Status” tab, shown in Figure 6-8, will display current information on the
Access Point, its settings and performance.
Changing the sign-on password for the Access Point is as easy as typing the
password into the AP Password field. Then, type it again into the second field
to confirm.
•
Firmware Version. This displays the current version of the Access Point’s
firmware. Firmware should only be upgraded if you experience problems
with the Access Point and can be upgraded from the Help tab.
To restore the Access Point’s factory default settings, click the Yes button
beside Restore Factory Defaults.
•
•
IP Address. This IP address is the unique address to your network.
Subnet Mask. The Access Point’s Subnet Mask, which is the same as your
Ethernet network.
Click the Apply button to apply your changes or Cancel to cancel your
changes. If you require online help, click the Help button.
•
•
SSID. The SSID is the unique name shared among all points in a wireless
network.
Important: Restoring the Access Point’s facory defaults will erase
all of your settings (WEP Encryption, Wireless and LAN settings,
etc.), and replace them with the factory defaults. Do not reset the
Access Point if you want to retain these settings
Encryption Function. The encryption method you chose in the Setup
Wizard or changed from the Setup Tab of this Web-based Utility is dis-
played here.
•
Channel. This is the channel at which your wireless network broadcasts.
All points in your wireless network must use the same channel in order to
function correctly.
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UPGRADING FIRMWARE:
The Help Tab
Before upgrading the Access Point’s firmware, be sure to download the
Once that is done, click the Upgrade Firmware link on the Help Tab. This will
bring up the screen shown in Figure 6-10.
Type in the location of
the firmware’s file or
click the Browse but-
ton to find the file.
Then,
click
the
Upgrade button to
upgrade the firmware.
Figure 6-9
For help on the various tabs in this Web-based Utility, along with upgrading the
Access Point’s firmware and viewing this User Guide, click the “Help” tab,
shown in Figure 6-9.
Figure 6-10
The Filter Tab
The help files for the various tabs in this Web-based Utility are listed by tab
name on the left-hand side of the screen.
The “Filter” tab, shown in Figure 6-11, allows you to block and allow certain
computers, by their MAC Address, from communicating with the Access Point.
The following resources require an Internet connection in order to access them.
Click the Linksys Website link to connect to the Linksys homepage for
To enable filtering of computers by their MAC Addresses, click the Enable
Knowledgebase help files and information about other Linksys products.
radio button. To disable this feature, click the radio button by Disable.
For an Online Manual in PDF format, click that text link. The manual will appear
in Adobe pdf format. If you do not have the Adobe PDF Reader installed on your
computer, click the Adobe Website link to download this software.
Type the MAC Addresses for those PCs you wish to allow access to the Access
Point in the MAC Address fields. As long as Filtering is enabled, PCs with
MAC Addresses not entered in the MAC Address field will not be allowed to
communicate with the Access Point.
Firmware can be upgraded by clicking the Upgrade Firmware link. Do not upgrade
your firmware unless you are experiencing problems with the Access Point.
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Figure 6-11
When you’ve completed making any changes on this tab, click the Apply button to
save those changes or Cancel to exit the Web-based Utility without saving changes.
To clear any of the information you’ve typed by not yet applied, click the Clear but-
ton. For more information on this tab, you can click the Help button.
Figure 6-12
Fragmentation Length. This specifies the maximum size a data packet
will be before splitting and creating a new packet and should remain at its
default setting of 2,346. A smaller setting means smaller packets, which
will create more packets for each transmission. If you have decreased this
value and experience high packet error rates, you can increase it again, but
it will likely decrease overall network performance. Only minor modifica-
tions of this value are recommended.
The Wireless Tab
•
•
Before making any changes to the Wireless tab, shown in Figure 6-12, please check
your wireless settings on other systems, as these changes will alter the effectiveness
of the Access Point. In most cases, these settings do not need to be changed.
•
•
Beacon Interval. This value indicates the frequency interval of the beacon. A
beacon is a packet broadcast by the Access Point to keep the network synchro-
nized. A beacon includes the wireless LAN service area, the AP address, the
Broadcast destination addresses, a time stamp, Delivery Traffic Indicator Maps,
and the Traffic Indicator Message (TIM).
Data Beacon Rate. (5GHz/802.11a only) This value, between 1 and
16384, indicates the interval of the Delivery Traffic Indication Message. A
Data Beacon Rate field is a countdown field informing clients of the next
window for listening to broadcast and multicast messages. When the Access
Point has buffered broadcast or multicast messages for associated clients, it
sends the next message with a rate value. Access Point Clients hear the bea-
cons and awaken to receive the broadcast and multicast messages.
RTSThreshold. This value should remain at its default setting of 2,346. Should
you encounter inconsistent data flow, only minor modifications are recom-
mended.
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•
•
Turbo Mode. (5GHz/802.11a only) Click the radio button beside Enable
to increase the speed of your wireless transmissions to 72 Mbps, keeping in
mind that the Access Point’s range diminishes in Turbo Mode. If you do not
wish to utilize Turbo Mode, make sure the radio button beside Disable is
selected.
Appendix A: Troubleshooting
This chapter provides solutions to problems usually encountered during the
installation and operation of the Access Point. Read the description below to
solve your problems. If you can’t find an answer here, check the Linksys web-
DTIM Interval. (2.4GHz/802.11b only) This value indicates the interval
of the Delivery Traffic Indication Message (DTIM). A DTIM field is a
countdown field informing clients of the next window for listening to
broadcast and multicast messages. When the Access Point has buffered
broadcast or multicast messages for associated clients, it sends the next
DTIM with a DTIM Interval value. Access Point Clients hear the beacons
and awaken to receive the broadcast and multicast messages.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can the Access Point act as my DHCP Server?
No. The Access Point is nothing more than a wireless hub, and as such cannot
be configured to handle DHCP capabilities.
Can I run an application from a remote computer over the wireless net-
work?
This will depend on whether or not the application is designed to be used over
a network. Consult the application’s user guide to determine if it supports oper-
ation over a network.
•
•
Transmission Rates. The basic transfer rates should be set depending on
the speed of your wireless network. You can select from a range of trans-
mission speeds or select Best to have the Access Point automatically engage
the network’s optimum speed.
Preamble Type. (2.4GHz/802.11b only) The preamble defines the length
of the CRC block for communication between the Access Point and a roam-
ing Network Card. (High network traffic areas should use the shorter pre-
amble type.) Select the appropriate preamble type and click the Apply but-
ton to set it.
Can I play multiplayer games with other users of the wireless network?
Yes, as long as the game supports multiple players over a LAN (local area net-
work). Refer to the game’s user guide for more information.
What IEEE 802.11a features are supported?
The product supports the following IEEE 802.11a functions:
•
Authentication Type. You may choose between Open System or Shared
Key. The Authentication Type default is set to Open System, in which the
sender and the recipient do NOT share a secret key. Each party generates
its own key-pair and asks the receiver to accept the randomly-generated key.
Once accepted, this key is used for a short time only. Then a new key is
generated and agreed upon. Shared Key is when both the sender and the
recipient share a secret key.
•
•
•
•
•
OFDM protocol
Multi-Channel Roaming
Automatic Rate Selection
RTS/CTS feature
Fragmentation
What IEEE 802.11b features are supported?
The product supports the following IEEE 802.11 functions:
When you’ve completed making any changes on this tab, click the Apply but-
ton to save those changes or Cancel to exit the Web-based Utility without sav-
ing changes. For more information on this tab, you can click the Help button.
•
•
•
•
•
•
CSMA/CA plus Acknowledge protocol
Multi-Channel Roaming
Automatic Rate Selection
RTS/CTS feature
Fragmentation
Power Management
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What is Ad-hoc?
What is ESSID?
An Ad-hoc wireless LAN is a group of computers, each with a WLAN adapter,
connected as an independent wireless LAN. An Ad-hoc wireless LAN is appli-
cable at a departmental scale for a branch or SOHO operation.
An Infrastructure configuration could also support roaming capability for
mobile workers. More than one BSS can be configured as an Extended Service
Set (ESS). Users within an ESS could roam freely between BSSs while main-
taining a continuous connection to the wireless network stations and Access
Points.
What is Infrastructure?
An integrated wireless and wired LAN is called an Infrastructure configura-
tion. Infrastructure is applicable to enterprise scale for wireless access to a cen-
tral database, or wireless application for mobile workers.
What is ISM band?
The FCC and their counterparts outside of the U.S. have set aside bandwidth
for unlicensed use in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band.
Spectrum in the vicinity of 2.4 GHz, in particular, is being made available
worldwide. This presents a truly revolutionary opportunity to place convenient
high speed wireless capabilities in the hands of users around the globe.
What is Roaming?
Roaming is the ability of a portable computer user to communicate continu-
ously while moving freely throughout an area greater than that covered by a
single Access Point. Before using the roaming function, the workstation must
make sure that it is the same channel number as the Access Point of the dedi-
cated coverage area.
What is Spread Spectrum?
Spread Spectrum technology is a wideband radio frequency technique devel-
oped by the military for use in reliable, secure, mission-critical communica-
tions systems. It is designed to trade off bandwidth efficiency for reliability,
integrity, and security. In other words, more bandwidth is consumed than in the
case of narrowband transmission, but the trade-off produces a signal that is, in
effect, louder and thus easier to detect, provided that the receiver knows the
parameters of the spread-spectrum signal being broadcast. If a receiver is not
tuned to the right frequency, a spread-spectrum signal looks like background
noise. There are two main alternatives, Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
(DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS).
To achieve true seamless connectivity, the wireless LAN must incorporate a
number of different functions. Each node and Access Point, for example, must
always acknowledge receipt of each message. Each node must maintain contact
with the wireless network even when not actually transmitting data. Achieving
these functions simultaneously requires a dynamic RF networking technology
that links Access Points and nodes. In such a system, the user’s end node under-
takes a search for the best possible access to the system. First, it evaluates such
factors as signal strength and quality, as well as the message load currently
being carried by each Access Point and the distance of each Access Point to the
wired backbone. Based on that information, the node next selects the right
Access Point and registers its address. Communications between end node and
host computer can then be transmitted up and down the backbone.
What is DSSS? What is FHSS? And what are their differences?
Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) uses a narrowband carrier that
changes frequency in a pattern that is known to both transmitter and receiver.
Properly synchronized, the net effect is to maintain a single logical channel. To
an unintended receiver, FHSS appears to be short-duration impulse noise.
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) generates a redundant bit pattern for
each bit to be transmitted. This bit pattern is called a chip (or chipping code).
The longer the chip, the greater the probability that the original data can be
recovered. Even if one or more bits in the chip are damaged during transmis-
sion, statistical techniques embedded in the radio can recover the original data
without the need for retransmission. To an unintended receiver, DSSS appears
as low power wideband noise and is rejected (ignored) by most narrowband
receivers.
As the user moves on, the end node’s RF transmitter regularly checks the sys-
tem to determine whether it is in touch with the original Access Point or
whether it should seek a new one. When a node no longer receives acknowl-
edgment from its original Access Point, it undertakes a new search. Upon find-
ing a new Access Point, it then re-registers, and the communication process
continues.
What is BSS ID?
A specific Ad-hoc LAN is called a Basic Service Set (BSS). Computers in a
BSS must be configured with the same BSS ID.
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Would the information be intercepted while transmitting on air?
WLAN features two-fold protection in security. On the hardware side, as with
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum technology, it has the inherent security fea-
ture of scrambling. On the software side, the WLAN series offers the encryp-
tion function (WEP) to enhance security and access control. Users can set it up
depending upon their needs.
Dual-Band Wireless Access Point
You may also try using different channels, as this may eliminate interference
affecting only one channel. Also, due to FCC regulations, more power may be
transmitted, using 802.11a, on channels 52, 56, 60 and 64, than on the lower
channels. Lastly, check the Advanced tab of the Web-Based Utility and make
sure that FULL is selected in the Transmission Rate field.
Does the Turbo Mode work with Windows XP PCs?
No. The Turbo Mode does not work with Windows XP PCs.
Can Instant WirelessTM products support file and printer sharing?
Instant WirelessTM products perform the same function as LAN products.
Therefore, Instant WirelessTM products can work with Netware, Windows
NT/2000, or other LAN operating systems to support printer or file sharing.
Does the Access Point function as a firewall?
No. The Access Point is only a bridge from wired Ethernet to wireless clients.
What is WEP?
I have excellent signal strength, but I cannot see my network.
WEP is probably enabled on the Access Point, but not on your wireless adapter
(or vice versa). Verify that the same WEP Keys and levels (64, 128 or 152) are
being used on all nodes on your wireless network.
WEP is Wired Equivalent Privacy, a data privacy mechanism based on a 40-bit
shared-key algorithm, as described in the IEEE 802.11 standard.
What is a MAC Address?
The Media Access Control (MAC) address is a unique number assigned by the
manufacturer to any Ethernet networking device, such as a network adapter,
that allows the network to identify it at the hardware level. For all practical pur-
poses, this number is usually permanent. Unlike IP addresses, which can
change every time a computer logs on to the network, the MAC address of a
device stays the same, making it a valuable identifier for the network.
What is the maximum number of users the Access Point facilitates?
No more than 65, but this depends on the volume of data and may be less if
many users create a large amount of network traffic.
How many channels/frequencies are available with the Access Point?
Using 802.11a, there are eight available frequencies, ranging from 5.15GHz to
5.32GHz. Using 802.11b, there are eleven available channels, ranging from 1
to 11.
How do I avoid interference?
Using multiple Access Points on the same channel and in close proximity to
one another will generate interference. When employing multiple Access
Points, be sure to operate each one on a different channel (frequency).
What is Turbo mode?
Turbo mode allows high-speed connections, but severely limits range. Turbo
mode must be enabled on both the Access Point and the wireless PCs to func-
tion. Turbo mode is not compatible with Windows XP and may only function
with Linksys 5GHz wireless adapters.
How do I reset the Access Point?
Press the Reset button on the back of the Access Point for about ten seconds.
This will reset the unit to its default settings.
What is the difference in range
between 802.11a and 802.11b
products?
Overall, range will be a little
less in a typical environment,
while higher speeds may be
achieved with 802.11a, through-
put degrades more quickly. (See
Figure A-1.)
How do I resolve issues with signal loss?
There is no way to know the exact range of your wireless network without test-
ing. Every obstacle placed between an Access Point and wireless PC will cre-
ate signal loss. Leaded glass, metal, concrete floors, water and walls will inhib-
it the signal and reduce range. Start with your Access Point and your wireless
PC in the same room and move it away in small increments to determine the
maximum range in your environment.
Figure A-1
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The following instructions are provided as examples for reference only. For
complete instructions on installing and troubleshooting TCP/IP and IPX, con-
sult your Windows operating system documentation.
Appendix B: Setting Up the TCP/IP and
IPX Protocols
TCP/IP Setup for Windows 95, 98, and Millennium
Setting Up TCP/IP in Windows
1. Click the Start button, select Settings, and open the Control Panel. Inside
Before a computer can communicate with the Access Point, it must be config-
ured with the TCP/IP protocol. If you know how to set up TCP/IP on your com-
puters, do so now. Otherwise, use the guidelines below to help get TCP/IP
installed on all of the computers that need to communicate with the Access
Point. If you are unable to successfully install TCP/IP on one or more comput-
ers after following the directions, contact the manufacturer of your computers'
network operating system for further assistance. Check with your network
administrator for your TCP/IP settings.
the Control Panel, double-click the Network icon.
2. If the TCP/IP Protocol is listed for your network adapter, go to step five.
Otherwise, click the Add button.
3. When the Component Type window appears, select Protocol and click the
Add button.
4. Select Microsoft in the Manufacturers list and choose TCP/IP in the
The directions below provide general guidelines for coming up with IP address-
es and subnet masks. Check with your network administrator to see if you need
to use specific IP addresses or DHCP settings.
Network Protocols list. Then, click the OK button.
5. When the Network window reappears, click TCP/IP. Then, click the
Properties button.
First, each computer on the network will require an IP address, which is a series
of numbers, separated by periods, identifying the PC on the network. To make
things simple, you should use the following numbering scheme:
6. Select Specify an IP Address.
7. Enter an IP Address for the computer, along with a Subnet Mask. Click the
OK button. If you do not have these values, consult your network adminis-
trator.
192.168.1.X
In this example, X is a unique, arbitrarily assigned number from 1 to 254. Each
computer must have its own unique X number. Note: Never use 0, 250 or 255
for X. These numbers are reserved by TCP/IP for other uses.
8. When the Network window reappears, click the OK button. Restart your
machine. TCP/IP has now been successfully installed.
For example, if you have three computers, you could number them as follows:
IPX Setup for Windows 95, 98, and Millennium
1. Click the Start button, select Settings, and open the Control Panel. Inside
192.168.1.17
192.168.1.44
192.168.1.126
the Control Panel, double-click the Network icon.
2. If the TCP/IP Protocol is listed for your network adapter, go to step four.
Otherwise, click the Add button.
In this case, 17, 44, and 126 are arbitrary numbers between 1 and 254.
3. When the Component Type window appears, select Protocol and click the
Each computer will also require a subnet mask, which is a numerical “filter”
that tells a computer what kinds of TCP/IP data packets to accept. If you’re not
sure which mask to use, the following mask is recommended:
Add button.
4. Select Microsoft in the Manufacturers list and choose IPX/SPX protocol
in the Network Protocols list. Then, click the OK button.
255.255.255.0
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2. When the Network window appears, click the Protocols tab. Then, click
TCP/IP Setup for Windows NT 4.0
the Add button.
1. Click the Start button, select Settings, and open the Control Panel. Inside
3. Find the IPX/SPX protocol in the Select Network Protocol field. Click it
the Control Panel, double-click the Network icon.
once and click the OK button.
2. When the Network window appears, click the Protocols tab. Then, click
TCP/IP Setup for Windows 2000
the Add button.
1. At the Windows 2000 desktop, right click My Network Places and select
Properties. Then, right click LocalArea Connection. Choose Properties.
3. Find the TCP/IP protocol in the Select Network Protocol field. Click it
once and then click the OK button.
2. If the TCP/IP Protocol is listed for your network adapter, go to step five.
Otherwise, click the Install button.
4. When asked if you want to use DHCP, choose No.
3. When the Component Type window appears, select Protocol, and click the
5. If asked to supply your Windows NT CD, do so. NT will copy the neces-
sary files to your system. You may have to switch between the Access
Point’s Setup CD and the NT CD.
Add button.
4. Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) from the list and click the OK button.
6. When TCP/IP appears in the Network Protocols window, click the
5. When the Local Area Connection Properties window reappears, select
Bindings tab. Windows will store your new bindings.
TCP/IP, and click the Properties button.
7. Click the Protocols tab. Then, select TCP/IP.
6. Select Use the following IP Address.
8. Click the Properties button. Select the type of network adapter you have
7. Enter an IP Address for the computer, along with a Subnet Mask and
Default Gateway. Then, click the OK button. If you do not have these val-
ues, consult your network administrator.
from the Adapters box and select Specify an IP Address.
9. Enter the computer’s IP Address and Subnet Mask. Check with your net-
work administrator for your settings.
8. When the Local Area Connection Properties window reappears, click the
OK button. TCP/IP has now been successfully installed.
10. Enter your Default Gateway if you have one.
IPX Setup for Windows 2000
Note: a Default Gateway is not required. Check with your network administrator.
1. At the Windows 2000 desktop, right click My Network Places. Then right
11. When you finish, click the OK button. If NT asks about WINS, ignore it.
click Local Area Connection. Choose Properties.
12. When the Network window reappears, click the Close button. Restart your
2. If the NWLink IPX/SPX/NetBIOS Compatible Transport Protocol is listed
for your network adapter, click the Cancel button. Otherwise, click the
Install button.
computer when prompted. TCP/IP has now been successfully installed.
IPX Setup for Windows NT 4.0
1. Click the Start button, select Settings, and open the Control Panel. Inside
3. When the Component Type window appears, select Protocol and click the
the Control Panel, double-click the Network icon.
Install button.
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4. Select NWLink IPX/SPX/NetBIOS Compatible Transport Protocol
Appendix C: Glossary
Adapter - Printed circuit board that plugs into a PC to add to capabilities or
connectivity to a PC. In a networked environment, a network interface card is
the typical adapter that allows the PC or server to connect to the intranet and/or
Internet.
from the list and click the OK button.
5. When the Network window reappears, click the OK button. Restart your
computer. NWLink IPX/SPX/NetBIOS Compatible Transport Protocol has
now been successfully installed.
TCP/IP Setup for Windows XP
Ad-hoc Network - An ad-hoc network is a wireless network or other small net-
work in which some of the network devices are part of the network only for the
duration of a communications session while in some close proximity to the rest
of the network.
1. Click the Start button and open the Control Panel.
2. Double click the Network and Internet Connections icon.
3. Double click the Network Connections icon.
Backbone - The part of a network that connects most of the systems and net-
works together and handles the most data.
4. Right click the Local Area Connection icon and select Properties.
5. If the TCP/IP Protocol is listed for your network adapter, go to step five.
Bandwidth - The transmission capacity of a given facility, in terms of how
much data the facility can transmit in a fixed amount of time; expressed in bits
per second (bps).
Otherwise, click the Install button.
6. When the Component Type window appears, select Protocol, and click the
Add button.
Beacon Interval - A beacon is a packet broadcast by the Access Point to keep
the network synchronized. A beacon includes the wireless LAN service area,
the AP address, the Broadcast destination addresses, a time stamp, Delivery
Traffic Indicator Maps, and the Traffic Indicator Message (TIM).
7. Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) from the list and click the OK button.
8. When the Local Area Connection Properties window reappears, select
TCP/IP, and click the Properties button.
Bit - A binary digit. The value - 0 or 1-used in the binary numbering system.
Also, the smallest form of data.
9. Select Use the following IP Address.
Browser - A browser is an application program that provides a way to look at
and interact with all the information on the World Wide Web or PC. The word
"browser" seems to have originated prior to the Web as a generic term for user
interfaces that let you browse text files online.
10. Enter an IP Address for the computer, along with a Subnet Mask and
Default Gateway. Then, click the OK button. If you do not have these val-
ues, consult your network administrator.
11. When the Local Area Connection Properties window reappears, click the
BSS (Basic Service Set) - A group of wireless Network PC Card users and an
Access Point.
OK button. TCP/IP has now been successfully installed..
Buffer - A buffer is a shared or assigned memory area used by hardware
devices or program processes that operate at different speeds or with different
sets of priorities. The buffer allows each device or process to operate without
being held up by the other. In order for a buffer to be effective, the size of the
buffer and the algorithms for moving data into and out of the buffer need to be
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considered by the buffer designer. Like a cache, a buffer is a "midpoint hold-
ing place" but exists not so much to accelerate the speed of an activity as to
support the coordination of separate activities.
quently. Using very short leases, DHCP can dynamically reconfigure networks
in which there are more computers than there are available IP addresses.
DHCP supports static addresses for computers containing Web servers that
need a permanent IP address.
CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance) - In local
area networking, this is the CSMA technique that combines slotted time-divi-
sion multiplexing with carrier sense multiple access/collision detection
(CSMA/CD) to avoid having collisions occur a second time. This works best if
the time allocated is short compared to packet length and if the number of sit-
uations is small.
Download - To receive a file transmitted over a network. In a communications
session, download means receive, upload means transmit.
Driver - A workstation or server software module that provides an interface
between a device and the upper-layer protocol software running in the comput-
er; it is designed for a specific device, and is installed during the initial instal-
lation of a network-compatible client or server operating system.
CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection) - The LAN
access method used in Ethernet. When a device wants to gain access to the
network, it checks to see if the network is quiet (senses the carrier). If it is not,
it waits a random amount of time before retrying. If the network is quiet and
two devices access the line at exactly the same time, their signals collide. When
the collision is detected, they both back off and each wait a random amount of
time before retrying.
DSSS (Direct-Sequence Spread-Spectrum) - DSSS generates a redundant bit
pattern for each bit to be transmitted. This bit pattern is called a chip (or chip-
ping code). The longer the chip, the greater the probability that the original data
can be recovered. Even if one or more bits in the chip are damaged during
transmission, statistical techniques embedded in the radio can recover the orig-
inal data without -the need for retransmission. To an unintended receiver, DSSS
appears as low power wideband noise and is rejected (ignored) by most nar-
rowband receivers.
CTS (Clear To Send) - An RS-232 signal sent from the receiving station to the
transmitting station that indicates it is ready to accept data.
Database - A database is a collection of data that is organized so that its con-
tents can easily be accessed, managed, and updated.
DTIM (Delivery Traffic Indication Message) - A DTIM field is a countdown
field informing clients of the next window for listening to broadcast and mul-
ticast messages. When the AP has buffered broadcast or multicast messages for
associated clients, it sends the next DTIM with a DTIM Interval value. AP
Clients hear the beacons and awaken to receive the broadcast and multicast
messages.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - A protocol that lets network
administrators manage centrally and automate the assignment of Internet
Protocol (IP) addresses in an organization's network. Using the Internet's set of
protocol (TCP/IP), each machine that can connect to the Internet needs a
unique IP address. When an organization sets up its computer users with a con-
nection to the Internet, an IP address must be assigned to each machine.
Without DHCP, the IP address must be entered manually at each computer and,
if computers move to another location in another part of the network, a new IP
address must be entered. DHCP lets a network administrator supervise and dis-
tribute IP addresses from a central point and automatically sends a new IP
address when a computer is plugged into a different place in the network.
Dynamic IP Address - An IP address that is automatically assigned to a client
station in a TCP/IP network, typically by a DHCP server. Network devices that
serve multiple users, such as servers and printers, are usually assigned static IP
addresses.
Encryption - A security method that applies a specific algorithm to data in
order to alter the data's appearance and prevent other devices from reading the
information.
DHCP uses the concept of a "lease" or amount of time that a given IP address
will be valid for a computer. The lease time can vary depending on how long a
user is likely to require the Internet connection at a particular location. It's espe-
cially useful in education and other environments where users change fre-
ESS - More than one BSS in a network.
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Ethernet - IEEE standard network protocol that specifies how data is placed
on and retrieved from a common transmission medium. Has a transfer rate of
10 Mbps. Forms the underlying transport vehicle used by several upper-level
protocols, including TCP/IP and XNS.
The IEEE fosters the development of standards that often become national and
international standards. The organization publishes a number of journals, has
many local chapters, and several large societies in special areas, such as the
IEEE Computer Society.
FHSS (Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum) - FHSS continuously changes
the center frequency of a conventional carrier several times per second accord-
ing to a pseudo-random set of channels, while chirp spread spectrum changes
the carrier frequency. Because a fixed frequency is not used, illegal monitoring
of spread spectrum signals is extremely difficult, if not downright impossible
depending on the particular method.
Infrastructure - An infrastructure network is a wireless network or other small
network in which the wireless network devices are made a part of the network
through the Access Point which connects them to the rest of the network.
IP Address - In the most widely installed level of the Internet Protocol
(Internet Protocol) today, an IP address is a 32-binary digit number that identi-
fies each sender or receiver of information that is sent in packet across the
Internet. When you request an HTML page or send e-mail, the Internet
Protocol part of TCP/IP includes your IP address in the message (actually, in
each of the packets if more than one is required) and sends it to the IP address
that is obtained by looking up the domain name in the Uniform Resource
Locator you requested or in the e-mail address you're sending a note to. At the
other end, the recipient can see the IP address of the Web page requestor or the
e-mail sender and can respond by sending another message using the IP address
it received.
Firmware - Programming that is inserted into programmable read-only mem-
ory (programmable read-only memory), thus becoming a permanent part of a
computing device.
Fragmentation - Breaking a packet into smaller units when transmitting over
a network medium that cannot support the original size of the packet.
Gateway - A device that interconnects networks with different, incompatible
communications protocols.
ISM band - The FCC and their counterparts outside of the U.S. have set aside
bandwidth for unlicensed use in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical)
band. Spectrum in the vicinity of 2.4 GHz, in particular, is being made avail-
able worldwide. This presents a truly revolutionary opportunity to place con-
venient high-speed wireless capabilities in the hands of users around the globe.
Hardware - Hardware is the physical aspect of computers, telecommunica-
tions, and other information technology devices. The term arose as a way to dis-
tinguish the "box" and the electronic circuitry and components of a computer
from the program you put in it to make it do things. The program came to be
known as the software.
LAN - A local area network (LAN) is a group of computers and associated
devices that share a common communications line and typically share the
resources of a single processor or server within a small geographic area (for
example, within an office building).
Hub - The device that serves as the central location for attaching wires from
workstations. Can be passive, where there is no amplification of the signals; or
active, where the hubs are used like repeaters to provide an extension of the
cable that connects to a workstation.
MAC (Media Access Control) Address - A unique number assigned by the
manufacturer to any Ethernet networking device, such as a network adapter,
that allows the network to identify it at the hardware level.
IEEE (The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) - The IEEE
describes itself as "the world's largest technical professional society, promoting
the development and application of electrotechnology and allied sciences for
the benefit of humanity, the advancement of the profession, and the well-being
of our members."
Mbps (MegaBits Per Second) - One million bits per second; unit of measure-
ment for data transmission.
Multicasting - Sending data to a group of nodes instead of a single destination.
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Network - A system that transmits any combination of voice, video and/or data
Server - Any computer whose function in a network is to provide user access
between users.
to files, printing, communications, and other services.
Node - A network junction or connection point, typically a computer or work
station.
Software - Instructions for the computer. A series of instructions that performs
a particular task is called a "program." The two major categories of software are
"system software" and "application software." System software is made up of
control programs such as the operating system and database management sys-
tem (DBMS). Application software is any program that processes data for the
user.
OFDM - OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Muliplexing) works by
breaking one high-speed data stream into a number of lower-speed data
streams, which are then transmitted in parallel. Each lower speed stream is used
to modulate a subcarrier. Essentially, this creates a multi-carrier transmission
by dividing a wide frequency band or channel into a number of narrower fre-
quency bands or sub-channels.
A common misconception is that software is data. It is not. Software tells the
hardware how to process the data.
Packet - A unit of data routed between an origin and a destination in a network.
SOHO (Small Office/Home Office) - Market segment of professionals who
work at home or in small offices.
Passphrase - Used much like a password, a passphrase simplifies the WEP
encryption process by automatically generating the WEP encryption keys for
Linksys products.
Spread Spectrum - Spread Spectrum technology is a wideband radio frequen-
cy technique developed by the military for use in reliable, secure, mission-crit-
ical communications systems. It is designed to trade off bandwidth efficiency
for reliability, integrity, and security. In other words, more bandwidth is con-
sumed than in the case of narrowband transmission, but the trade off produces
a signal that is, in effect, louder and thus easier to detect, provided that the
receiver knows the parameters of the spread-spectrum signal being broadcast.
If a receiver is not tuned to the right frequency, a spread-spectrum signal looks
like background noise. There are two main alternatives, Direct Sequence
Spread Spectrum (DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS).
PC Card - A credit-card sized removable module that contains memory, I/O,
or a hard disk.
Port - A pathway into and out of the computer or a network device such as a
switch or router. For example, the serial and parallel ports on a personal com-
puter are external sockets for plugging in communications lines, modems and
printers.
RJ-45 (Registered Jack-45) - A connector similar to a telephone connector that
Static IP Address - A permanent IP address that is assigned to a node in an IP
holds up to eight wires, used for connecting Ethernet devices.
or a TCP/IP network.
Roaming - The ability to use a wireless device and be able to move from one
access point's range to another without losing the connection.
Subnet Mask - The method used for splitting IP networks into a series of sub-
groups, or subnets. The mask is a binary pattern that is matched up with the IP
address to turn part of the host ID address field into a field for subnets.
Router - Protocol-dependent device that connects subnetworks together.
Routers are useful in breaking down a very large network into smaller subnet-
works; they introduce longer delays and typically have much lower throughput
rates than bridges.
Switch - 1. A data switch connects computing devices to host computers,
allowing a large number of devices to share a limited number of ports. 2. A
device for making, breaking, or changing the connections in an electrical cir-
cuit.
RTS (Request To Send) - An RS-232 signal sent from the transmitting station
to the receiving station requesting permission to transmit.
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) - A method (protocol) used along with
the Internet Protocol (Internet Protocol) to send data in the form of message
units between computers over the Internet. While IP takes care of handling the
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Dual-Band Wireless Access Point
actual delivery of the data, TCP takes care of keeping track of the individual
units of data (called packet) that a message is divided into for efficient routing
through the Internet.
Appendix D: Specifications
Standards
IEEE 802.3, 802.3u, 802.11a and 802.11b
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) - The basic com-
munication language or protocol of the Internet. It can also be used as a com-
munications protocol in a private network (either an intranet or an extranet).
When you are set up with direct access to the Internet, your computer is pro-
vided with a copy of the TCP/IP program just as every other computer that you
may send messages to or get information from also has a copy of TCP/IP.
Channels
802.11a
802.11b
8 Channels (US, Canada)
11 Channels (US, Canada)
13 Channels (Europe)
14 Channels (Japan)
Ports/Buttons
One 10/100 RJ-45 Port, One Power Port,
One Reset Button, One Power Switch
Throughput - The amount of data moved successfully from one place to anoth-
er in a given time period.
Cabling Type
Data Rate
UTP CAT 5 or better
Topology - A network's topology is a logical characterization of how the
devices on the network are connected and the distances between them. The
most common network devices include hubs, switches, routers, and gateways.
Most large networks contain several levels of interconnection, the most impor-
tant of which include edge connections, backbone connections, and wide-area
connections.
Up to 54Mbps (up to 72 Mbps in Turbo Mode)
Transmit Power
802.11a
802.11b
18dBm
15dBm
LEDs
Power, Diag
802.11a: Act, Link
Upgrade - To replace existing software or firmware with a newer version.
802.11b: Act, Link
LAN: Link/Act, Full/Col, 100
Upload - To transmit a file over a network. In a communications session,
upload means transmit, download means receive.
UTP - Unshielded twisted pair is the most common kind of copper telephone
wiring. Twisted pair is the ordinary copper wire that connects home and many
business computers to the telephone company. To reduce crosstalk or electro-
magnetic induction between pairs of wires, two insulated copper wires are
twisted around each other. Each signal on twisted pair requires both wires.
Since some telephone sets or desktop locations require multiple connections,
twisted pair is sometimes installed in two or more pairs, all within a single
cable.
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) - A data privacy mechanism based on a 64-
bit, 128-bit, or 256-bit shared key algorithm, as described in the IEEE 802.11
standard.
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Environmental
Appendix E: Warranty Information
BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PURCHASE AND A BARCODE
FROM THE PRODUCT’S PACKAGING ON HAND WHEN CALLING.
RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OF
PURCHASE.
Dimensions
7.31" x 1.88" x 6.88" (186 mm x 48 mm x 175 mm)
4.5" (114 mm)
Antenna Height
Unit Weight
15 oz. (0.42 kg)
Power
External, 5V DC, 2.5A
IN NO EVENT SHALL LINKSYS’S LIABILITY EXCEED THE PRICE
PAID FOR THE PRODUCT FROM DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCI-
DENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE
USE OF THE PRODUCT, ITS ACCOMPANYING SOFTWARE, OR ITS
DOCUMENTATION. LINKSYS DOES NOT OFFER REFUNDS FOR ANY
PRODUCT.
Certifications
Operating Temp.
Storage Temp.
Operating Humidity
Storage Humidity
FCC, Canada
0ºC to 40ºC (32ºF to 104ºF)
-20ºC to 70ºC (-4ºF to 158ºF)
10% to 85% Non-Condensing
5% to 90% Non-Condensing
LINKSYS OFFERS CROSS SHIPMENTS, A FASTER PROCESS FOR PRO-
CESSING AND RECEIVING YOUR REPLACEMENT. LINKSYS PAYS
FOR UPS GROUND ONLY. ALL CUSTOMERS LOCATED OUTSIDE OF
THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND CANADA SHALL BE HELD
RESPONSIBLE FOR SHIPPING AND HANDLING CHARGES. PLEASE
CALL LINKSYS FOR MORE DETAILS.
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Appendix F: Contact Information
For help with the installation or operation of this product, contact Linksys
Technical Support at one of the phone numbers or Internet addresses below.
Sales Information
Technical Support
RMA Issues
Fax
800-546-5797 (LINKSYS)
800-326-7114
949-261-1288
949-261-8868
Email
Web
FTP Site
ftp.linksys.com
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