Linksys Network Router NWR04B User Manual

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logo are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. All other trademarks and brand

names are the property of their respective proprietors.

LIMITED WARRANTY

Network Everywhere guarantees that every Wireless Cable/DSL Router will be free from

physical defects in material and workmanship for one year from the date of purchase,

when used within the limits set forth in the Specifications section of this User Guide. If the

product proves defective during this warranty period, call Network Everywhere Technical

Support in order to obtain a Return Authorization number. BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR

PROOF OF PURCHASE ON HAND WHEN CALLING. When returning a product, mark

the Return Authorization number clearly on the outside of the package and include a

copy of your original proof of purchase. RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED

WITHOUT PROOF OF PURCHASE. All customers located outside of the United States

of America and Canada shall be held responsible for shipping and handling charges.

IN NO EVENT SHALL NETWORK EVERYWHERE’S LIABILITY EXCEED THE PRICE PAID

FOR THE PRODUCT FROM DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSE-

QUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THE PRODUCT, ITS ACCOM-

PANYING SOFTWARE, OR ITS DOCUMENTATION. NETWORK EVERYWHERE OFFERS

NO REFUNDS FOR ITS PRODUCTS. Network Everywhere makes no warranty or repre-

sentation, expressed, implied, or statutory, with respect to its products or the contents or

use of this documentation and all accompanying software, and specifically disclaims its

quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for any particular purpose. Network

Everywhere reserves the right to revise or update its products, software, or documenta-

tion without obligation to notify any individual or entity. Please direct all inquiries to:

Network Everywhere P.O. Box 18558, Irvine, CA 92623.

FCC STATEMENT

The Wireless Cable/DSL Router has been tested and complies with the specifications for

a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed

to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation.

This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not

installed and used according to the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio

communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a par-

ticular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television

reception, which is found by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to

try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna

• Increase the separation between the equipment or devices

• Connect the equipment to an outlet other than the receiver’s

• Consult a dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for assistance

UG-NWR04B-110602NC KL

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Table of Contents

Chapter 6: The Router’s Web-based Utility

Chapter 1: Introduction

The Wireless Cable/DSL Router

Features

Overview

Logging In

Setup

Password

Status

DHCP

Log

Help

Advanced

IP Filtering

Forwarding

Dynamic Routing

Static Routing

DMZ Host

MAC Address Clone

Wireless

An Introduction to LANs and WANs

IP Addresses

The Router’s Ports

The Router’s LEDs

Chapter 2: Planning Your Wireless Network

Network Topology

Roaming

Chapter 3: Connecting the Router

Before You Start

Connecting Your Hardware Together and Booting Up

Chapter 4: Configuring the PCs

Overview

Configuring Windows 98 SE and Millennium PCs

Configuring Windows 2000 PCs

Configuring Windows XP PCs

Appendix A: Troubleshooting

Common Problems and Solutions

Frequently Asked Questions

Appendix B: How to Ping Your ISP’s E-mail and Web Addresses 73

Chapter 5: Using the Setup Wizard

Before You Start

The Setup Wizard’s Title Screen

Preparing to Set Up

Setting Up the Router with a Cable Connection

Setting Up the Router with a DSL Connection

Appendix C: Configuring Wireless Security

Configuring Wireless Security in Windows XP

Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address

and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter

Appendix E: Glossary

Appendix F: Specifications

Environmental

Appendix G: Warranty Information

Appendix H: Contact Information

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An Introduction to LANs and WANs

Chapter 1: Introduction

Simply put, a router is a network device that connects two networks together.

The Wireless Cable/DSL Router

In this instance, the Router connects your Local Area Network (LAN), or the

group of PCs in your home or office, to the Wide Area Network (WAN) that is

the Internet. The Router processes and regulates the data that travels between

these two networks.

Think of the Network Everywhere Wireless Cable/DSL Router as a kind of

"splitter" for your Internet connection. Just connect your DSL or Cable

Modem to the Router, and all the computers in your household can share the

Internet -- all at the same time. You can connect your home computers to the

Router with Ethernet cables, or put wireless network adapters in them and com-

municate over radio waves, saving the trouble and expense of running cables

through your house.

Think of the Router as a network device with two sides. The first side is made

up of your private Local Area Network (LAN) of PCs. The other, public side

is the Internet, or the Wide Area Network (WAN), outside of your home or

office.

Once your computers are connected to the Router, they can communicate with

each other too, sharing resources and files. All your computers can print on a

shared printer connected anywhere in the house. And your computers can share

all kinds of files -- music, digital pictures, and documents. Keep all your dig-

ital music on one computer, and listen to it anywhere in the house. Organize

all of your family's digital pictures in one place, to simplify finding the ones

you want, and easing backup to CD-R. Utilize extra free space on one com-

puter when another's hard drive starts to fill up.

The Router’s firewall (NAT) protects your network of PCs so users on the pub-

lic, Internet side cannot “see” your PCs. This is how your LAN, or network,

remains private. The Router protects your network by inspecting the first pack-

et coming in from the Internet port before delivery to the final destination on

the LAN port. The Router inspects Internet port services like the web server,

ftp server, or other Internet applications, and, if allowed, it will forward the

packet to the appropriate PC on the LAN side.

Your home network is secure, too. All wireless communications are protected

by 128-bit encryption. Internet Firewall packet filters keep intruders out, and

block attacks. Parental Controls help you protect your family.It's all easier than

you think -- the included Setup Wizard takes you through configuring your net-

work, step by step. With the Network Everywhere Wireless Cable/DSL Router

at the heart of your home network, you don't need to be a networking genius to

share printers, files, and your Internet connection -- with or without wires.

IP Addresses

What’s an IP Address?

IP stands for Internet Protocol. Every device on an IP-based network, includ-

ing PCs, print servers, and routers, requires an IP address to identify its “loca-

tion,” or address, on the network. This applies to both the Internet and LAN

connections.

Features

There are two ways of assigning an IP address to your network devices.

•

Supports Universal Plug and Play (UPnP)

Internet access logging

Easy to use setup utility or configure through your networked PC’s Web

browser

Supports SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol)

Internet access control (Parental Controls), by time-of-day or by day of the

week

Port Trigger function for Internet applications with special requirements

Remote administration and upgrade feature

Supports static routing and dynamic routing protocol RIP1/RIP2

Denial of Service(Dos) Prevention

Static IP Addresses

A static IP address is a fixed IP address that you assign manually to a PC or

other device on the network. Since a static IP address remains valid until you

disable it, static IP addressing insures that the device assigned it will have that

same IP address until you change it. Static IP addresses are commonly used

with network devices such as server PCs or print servers.

•

If you use the Router to share your cable or DSL Internet connection, contact

your ISP to find out if they have assigned a static IP address to your account.

If so, you will need that static IP address when configuring the Router. You can

get the information from your ISP.

Context sensitive configuration help

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Note: Since the Router is a device that connects two networks, it needs two

IP addresses—one for the LAN side, and one for the Internet side. In this

User Guide, you’ll see references to the “Internet IP address” and the “LAN

IP address.”

The Router’s Ports

Since the Router has firewall security (NAT), only the Router’s Internet IP

address can be seen from the Internet.

However, even the Internet IP address can be blocked, so that the Router and

network seem invisible to the Internet—This is shown in the Filters section in

“Chapter 6: The Routers Web-Based Utility”.

Dynamic IP Addresses

A dynamic IP address is automatically assigned to a device on the network,

such as PCs and print servers. These IP addresses are called “dynamic”

because they are only temporarily assigned to the PC or device. After a certain

time period, they expire and may change. If a PC logs on to the network (or the

Internet) and its dynamic IP address has expired, the DHCP server will assign

it a new dynamic IP address.

Figure 1-1

For DSL users, many ISPs may require you to log on with a user name and

password to gain access to the Internet. This is called “Point to Point Protocol

over Ethernet” or PPPoE. PPPoE is similar to a dial-up connection but does not

have a phone number to dial into, and PPPoE is a dedicated high-speed con-

nection. PPPoE also will provide the Router with a dynamic IP address to

establish a connection to the Internet.

The Router’s rear panel (as shown in Figure 1-1) is where all of its connections

are made.

Internet

The Internet Port is where you will connect your cable or

DSL modem with an Ethernet cable. Your modem con-

nection will not work from any other port.

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Servers

Ports 4, 3, 2

These four LAN (Local Area Network) ports are where

you will connect networked devices, such as PCs, print

servers, and any other Ethernet devices you want to put

on your network. If Port 1 is being used, the Uplink Port

will not work.

DHCP frees you from having to assign IP addresses manually every time a new

user is added to your network. PCs and other network devices using dynamic

IP addressing are assigned a new IP address by a DHCP server. The PC or net-

work device obtaining an IP address is called the DHCP client. The Router’s

Internet port is, by default, set as a DHCP client.

Port 1/Uplink Port The Uplink Port is where you can expand your network

by connecting to a switch. Uplinking to a switch is done

by simply running a cable from the Uplink Port to the

other device. The Uplink Port is shared with Port 1.

Pushing in the Uplink button allows this port to be used

as the Uplink port. If the Uplink button is not pushed in,

this port functions the same as Ports 4, 3, and 2.

DHCP servers can either be a designated PC on the network or another network

device, such as the Router. By default, a DHCP server is enabled on your

Router’s LAN ports. If you already have a DHCP server running on your net-

work, you must disable one of the two DHCP servers. If you run more than one

DHCP server on your network, you will experience network errors, such as

conflicting IP addresses. To disable the Router’s DHCP function, see the

DHCP section in Chapter 6: The Router’s Web-Based Utility.

Note: Even if you assign a static IP address to a PC, other PCs can still use

DHCP’s dynamic IP addressing, as long as the static IP is not within the

DHCP range of the LAN IP Address.

Power

The Power Port is where you will connect the included

AC Power adapter.

If the Router’s DHCP function fails to provide a dynamic IP address for any

reason, please refer to Appendix A: Troubleshooting.

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Full/Col Green. This LED also serves two purposes. When this LED

The Reset Button

is lit continuously, the connection made through the corre-

sponding port is running in Full Duplex mode. A blinking

LED indicates that the connection is experiencing collisions.

Infrequent collisions are normal. If this LED blinks too

often, there may be a problem with your connection. Refer to

the Troubleshooting Appendix if you think there is a prob-

lem.

Pressing the Reset Button and holding it in for a few seconds will clear all

of the Router’s data and restore the factory defaults. This should be done

only if you are experiencing heavy routing problems, and only after you

have exhausted all of the other troubleshooting options. By resetting the

Router, you run the risk of creating conflicts between your PCs’ actual IP

Addresses and what the Router thinks their IP Addresses should be. You

may be forced to reboot each network PC.

If the Router locks up, simply press the reset button or power it down for

three to five seconds by removing the power cable from the Router’s

Power Port. Leaving the power off for too long could result in the loss of

network connections.

100

Orange. This LED indicates when a successful 100Mbps

connection is made through the corresponding port.

The Internet indicators, shown in Figure 1-2, show the status of information

being transmitted to and from the Internet.

The Router’s LEDs

Link

Act

Green. This LED indicates a connection between the Router

and your broadband device or network.

Green. This LED blinks when the Router is sending or

receiving data over the broadband (Internet) port.

Figure 1-2

Diag

Red. This LED indicates the Router’s self-diagnosis mode

during boot-up and restart. It will turn off upon completing

the diagnosis. If this LED stays on for an abnormally long

period of time, refer to the Troubleshooting Appendix.

The LAN Indicators, shown in Figure 1-2, show the status of information being

transmitted within your local network

WLAN Act

Green. This LED indicates wireless activity.

WLAN Link

Green. This LED indicates that the Router’s wireless func-

tions have been enabled through the Web-based utility.

Power

Green. This LED indicates that the Router’s power is on.

Link/Act

Green. This LED serves two purposes. When this LED is lit

continuously, this indicates that the Router is connected to a

device through the corresponding port (1, 2, 3, or 4). A blink-

ing LED indicates that the Router is actively sending or

receiving data over that port. When the Uplink Port is in use,

the LED for Port 1 will be lit continuously.

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Chapter 2: Planning Your

Chapter 3: Connecting the

Wireless Network

Router

Network Topology

Before You Start

A wireless LAN is exactly like a regular LAN, except that each computer in the

LAN uses a wireless adapter to connect to the network through a wireless con-

nection. Computers in a wireless LAN must be configured to share the same

radio channel.

Before plugging everything together, it’s always a good idea to have everything

you’ll need to get the Router up and running. Depending upon how you con-

figure the Router in Chapter 6: The Router’s Web-based Utility, you may need

some of the following values from your ISP:

The wireless adapter provides LAN access for wireless workstations. An inte-

grated wireless and wired LAN is called an Infrastructure configuration. A

group of wireless adapter users and this Router compose a Basic Service Set

(BSS). Each PC equipped with a wireless adapter in a BSS can talk to any

computer in a wired LAN infrastructure via this Router.

When connecting through a Static IP connection, be sure to have 1) Your

broadband-configured PC’s fixed Internet IP Address, 2) Your broadband-

configured PC’s Computer Name and Workgroup Name, 3) Your Subnet

Mask, 4) Your Default Gateway, and 5) Your Primary DNS IP address.

When connecting through a PPPoE connection, be sure to have 1) Your

PPPoE User Name and 2) Your PPPoE Password.

An infrastructure configuration extends the accessibility of a PC with a wire-

less adapter to a wired LAN, and doubles the effective wireless transmission

range for two PCs equipped with a wireless adapter Since this Router is able

to forward data within its BSS, the effective transmission range in an infra-

structure LAN is doubled.

The installation technician from your ISP should have left this information with

you after installing your broadband connection. If not, you can call your ISP to

request the data.

Roaming

Once you have the above values, you can begin the Router’s installation and

setup.

Infrastructure mode also supports roaming capabilities for mobile users. More

than one BSS can be configured as an Extended Service Set (ESS). This con-

tinuous network allows users to roam freely within an ESS. All PCs that are

equipped with a wireless adapter, and are within one ESS, must be configured

with the same ESS ID.

Connecting Your Hardware Together and Booting Up

Once you are sure that you have the above values on hand, you can begin the

Installation and Setup of the Router.

1. Power everything down, including your PCs, your cable or DSL modem and

the Router.

Before enabling an ESS with roaming capability, it is recommended to select a

feasible radio channel and optimum Router position. Proper positioning com-

bined with a clear radio signal will greatly enhance performance.

2. Connect an Ethernet cable from one of your PC’s Ethernet ports to one of the

Router’s LAN ports. Do the same with all the PCs you wish to connect to the

Router.

In addition to accessing the Router through an Ethernet connection, a wire-

less connection can be used to access the Router. See the “For Wireless

Connections” note that follows these connection instructions.

3. Connect another Ethernet cable from your cable or DSL modem to the

Router’s Internet port.

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4. Connect the Power Adapter (included) to the Router’s Power port and plug

the other end into a power outlet.

Chapter 4: Configuring the PCs

Overview

• The Power LED will illuminate green as soon as the power adapter is con-

nected.

• The Diag LED will illuminate red for a few seconds while the Router

goes through its internal diagnostic test. The LED will turn off when the

self-test is complete.

These instructions will help you configure each of your computers to commu-

nicate with the Router.

To do this, you will need to configure your PC’s network settings to obtain an

IP (or TCP/IP) address automatically. Computers use IP addresses to commu-

nicate with each other across a network or the Internet.

5. Power on the cable or DSL modem. Verify that the power is on by checking

the Link LED in the Internet column on the front of the Router. The Link

LED will be illuminated if the power is on and the modem is ready.

You will need to know which operating system your computer is running, such

as Windows 98 SE, Millennium, 2000, or XP. You can find out by clicking the

Start button and then selecting the Settings option. (If your Start menu does-

n’t have a Settings option, you’re running Windows XP. You can select the

Control Panel directly from the Start Menu.) Then, click Control Panel and

double-click the System icon. Click the Cancel button when done.

6. Press the Reset button on the back of the Router. Hold the button in for three

seconds, or until the Diag LED illuminates red. This restores the Router’s

default settings.

7. Power on your PC.

The Router is now connected.

Continue to the next chapter to configure your PCs.

Once you know which Windows operating system you are running, follow the

directions in this step for your computer’s operating system. If you PC is not

configured with the TCP/IP protocol, you will need to do this for each com-

puter you are connecting to the Router.

For Wireless Connections: In addition to accessing the Router through an

Ethernet connection, a wireless connection can be used to access the Router.

After powering on the Router and connecting it to your modem, enter the

Router’s IP Address in the Address field of your wireless PC’s web-browser as

follows: http://192.168.1.1 and press Enter.

The next few pages tell you, step by step, how to configure your TCP/IP set-

tings based on the type of Windows operating system you are using. Once

you've configured your computers, continue to Chapter 6: The Router’s Web-

based Utility.

Important: The Router is configured by default to work out of the box

with all Network Everywhere Wireless Adapters. If you have

changed the defaults on your Network Everywhere Wireless

Adapters, or are using other wireless adapters, you must temporar-

ily change your wireless adapter settings to: (SSID = wireless) in

order to initially access the Router wirelessly. After you have

accessed the Router with the default settings, you can change the

Router’s settings to coincide with your Network settings and reset

your adapters.

Configuring Windows 98 SE and Millennium PCs

1. Click the Start button, click Settings and open the Control Panel. From

there, double-click the Network icon to open the Network screen.

Important: Some ISPs—most notably some cable providers—con-

figure their networks so that you do not have to enter a full Internet

address into your web browser or e-mail application to reach your

home page or receive your e-mail. If your Internet home page

address is something very simple, such as “www”, rather than

“www.networkeverywhere.com”, or your e-mail server’s address is

something similar to “e-mail” or “pop3”, rather than “pop.mail.net-

workeverywhere.com”, you won’t be able to properly configure the

Router until you determine the actual Internet addresses of your

Web and e-mail connections.

You must obtain this information prior to connecting the Router to

your network. You can obtain this information by contacting your ISP.

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2. Select the Configuration tab

and highlight the TCP/IP

line for the applicable

Ethernet adapter (as shown

in Figure 4-1). If the word

TCP/IP appears by itself,

select that line. (Note: If

there is no TCP/IP line listed,

refer to your Ethernet

adapter’s documentation to

install TCP/IP now.) Then,

click the Properties button.

5. Click the OK button again. Windows may ask you for the original

Windows installation disk or additional files. Supply them by pointing to

the

correct

file

location,

e.g.,

D:\win98,

D:\win9x,

c:\windows\options\cabs, etc. (This assumes that “D” is the letter of your

CD-ROM drive).

6. If Windows asks you to restart your PC, click the Yes button. If Windows

does not ask you to restart, restart your computer anyway.

Repeat steps 1-6 for each PC on your network. When all of your PCs are

configured, proceed to Chapter 6: The Router’s Web-based Utility.

Configuring Windows 2000 PCs

1. Click the Start button, click Settings and open the Control Panel. From

there, double-click the Network and Dial-up Connections icon. This will

display the Network screen.

2. Select the Local Area

Connection icon for the

applicable

adapter (usually it is the

first Local Area

Connection listed).

Ethernet

Figure 4-1

3. Click the IP Address tab and

select Obtain an IP address

automatically (as shown in

figure 4-2).

Figure 4-3

3. When the Local Area Connection Status screen appears, click the

Properties button. (See Figure 4-3.)

Figure 4-2

4. Click the Gateway tab and verify that the Installed Gateway field is blank.

Click the OK button.

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4. Select Internet Protocol

(TCP/IP) (as shown in

Figure 4-4) and click the

Properties button.

Configuring Windows XP PCs

The following instructions assume you are running Windows XP’s default

interface. If you are using the Classic interface (where the icons and menus

look like previous Windows versions), please follow the instructions for

Windows 2000.

1. Click the Start button, open the Control Panel. and click the Network and

Internet Connections icon. Then, click the Network Connections icon to

display the Network screen.

2. Select the Local Area

Connection icon for the

applicable

adapter (usually it is the

first Local Area

Connection listed).

Ethernet

Figure 4-4

5. Select Obtain an IP

address automatically

and verify that Obtain

DNS server address

automatically is selected

(as shown in Figure 4-5).

Then, click the OK but-

ton and click the OK but-

ton on the subsequent

screens to complete the

PC’s configuration.

Figure 4-6

3. When the Local Area Connection Status screen appears, click the

Properties button. (See Figure 4-6.)

Figure 4-5

Repeat steps 1-5 for each PC on your network. When all of your PCs are

configured, proceed to Chapter 6: The Router’s Web-based Utility.

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4. Select Internet Protocol

(TCP/IP) (as shown in

Figure 4-7) and click the

Properties button.

Chapter 5: Using the Setup

Wizard

Before You Start

The Network Everywhere Wireless Cable/DSL Router comes with an automat-

ed software installation procedure for Windows 98 SE, Me, 2000, and XP. This

will configure the Router when connecting it for the first time. Thereafter, con-

figuration can be set through the Web Utility.

The Setup Wizard’s Title Screen

Figure 4-7

5. Select Obtain an IP

address automatically and

verify that Obtain DNS

server address automati-

cally is selected (as shown

in Figure 4-8). Then, click

the OK button and click the

OK button on the subse-

quent screens to complete

the PC’s configuration.

Figure 5-1

Insert the Setup Wizard CD into your CD-ROM drive. Unless you have deac-

tivated the auto-run feature of Windows, the screen shown in Figure 5-1 should

appear automatically.

This screen presents you with all of the options provided by the Setup Wizard

CD. These options include:

Figure 4-8

Set Up Your First Computer This option is used for configuring the Router

for use with your wireless devices.

Repeat steps 1-5 for each PC on your network. When all of your PCs are

configured, proceed to Chapter 6: The Router’s Web-based Utility.

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Set Up Additional Computer(s) This option should only be used to config-

ure DHCP settings on any additional com-

puters. For setting up a computer’s wireless

settings to use with the Router, configure

your wireless devices with the same net-

work settings as the Router.

At this point, you should verify that your Internet connection (Cable or DSL)

is connected to your PC. Verify that your connection is working properly before

clicking the Next button to continue. If you wish to stop the setup process, click

the Exit button.

When the screen shown in Figure 5-3 appears, disconnect your PC from your

Internet connection. Then, connect your modem to the Router’s Internet port

and connect your PC to one of the Router’s network ports, numbered 1-4. These

connections should be made with a Category 5 Ethernet Network Cable. Then,

click the Cable button if you’re connected to the Internet through a Cable

Modem or the DSL button if you’re connected to the Internet through a DSL

Modem.

Download User Guide

This User Guide is available on the Setup

Wizard CD, so you won’t need Internet

access to download this. Clicking this but-

ton brought up this User Guide,

This option gives you contact information

for Network Everywhere support.

Exit

This option closes the Setup Wizard.

Preparing to Set Up

The Setup Wizard allows you to configure the Router quickly and easily. This

process begins on the Title Screen, where you should click the Set Up Your

First Computer button. This will bring up the screen shown in Figure 5-2.

Figure 5-3

Setting Up the Router with a Cable Connection

The following screens will specifically address your cable connection. The

screen shown in Figure 5-4 will ask you to verify that your modem is connect-

ed properly. Verify the connection and click the Next button to continue. If you

wish to step back in the setup process, click the Back button. To print this

screen, click the Print button.

Figure 5-2

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When the screen shown in Figure 5-6 appears, connect the power for the Router

and modem, using a surge protector. Some of the Router’s lights should come

on as shown on the screen. Verify that your connection is working properly

before clicking the Next button to continue. If you wish to step back in the

setup process, click the Back button. To print this screen, click the Print but-

ton.

Figure 5-4

The next screen (Figure 5-5) will ask you to verify that the Router is connect-

ed properly. Connect the Router as shown, without connecting the power or

modem. Click the Next button to continue. If you wish to step back in the setup

process, click the Back button. To print this screen, click the Print button.

Figure 5-6

On the next screen that appears, shown in Figure 5-7, you will configure the

Router’s wireless settings. As this is a wireless router, it can be used with your

wireless devices. However, all settings must be the same for the wireless

devices to be able to communicate with each other. Verify that the following

settings are the same as your other wireless devices:

SSID

Think of this as the wireless network’s name. While the

default setting is “wireless”, you should change it to some-

thing unique. It is case sensitive and should not exceed 32

alphanumeric characters.

Channel

The preferred settings for this, the channel on which the

wireless signal is broadcast, are 1, 6, and 11.

SSID Broadcast This broadcasts the SSID, allowing access to all nearby wire-

Figure 5-5

less devices. For increased security, disable this option.

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Configuration is complete

and the Router is set up

when you see the final

screen, shown in Figure 5-

9. Click the Finish button

to close the Setup Wizard.

To set up any further com-

puters to connect to the

Router, run the Setup

Wizard again and choose

Set

Additional

Computer(s). To fine-tune

the Router’s performance,

Figure 5-9

you can continue to Chapter 6: The Router’s Web-based Utility.

Setting Up the Router with a DSL Connection

Figure 5-7

When you first select DSL as your ISP, you will see a warning screen regard-

Document and save these settings for future reference and click the Next but-

ton to continue. If you wish to step back in the setup process, click the Back

button.

ing PPPoE (shown

in Figure 5-10). If

you have a PPPoE

connection, follow

these directions. If

your connection is

not PPPoE, disre-

The following screen will detect your modem’s IP settings and configure the

Router with these settings. (The screen shown in Figure 5-8 is what you would

see if you see if you had a DHCP server.) Click the Next button to continue. If

you wish to step back in the setup process, click the Back button.

Figure 5-10

gard these direc-

tions.

The next screen, shown

in Figure 5-11, will ask

you to verify that your

modem is connected

properly. Verify the

connection and click

the Next button to con-

tinue. If you wish to

step back in the setup

process, click the Back

button. To print this

screen, click the Print

button.

Figure 5-11

Figure 5-8

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On the next screen that appears, shown in Figure 5-14, you will configure the

Router’s wireless settings. As this is a wireless router, it can be used with your

wireless devices. However, all settings must be the same for the wireless

devices to be able to communicate with each other. Verify that the following

settings are the same as your other wireless devices:

SSID

Think of this as the wireless network’s name. While the

default setting is “wireless”, you should change it to some-

thing unique. It is case sensitive and should not exceed 32

alphanumeric characters.

Channel

The preferred settings for this, the channel on which the

wireless signal is broadcast, are 1, 6, and 11.

SSID Broadcast This broadcasts the SSID, allowing access to all nearby wire-

Figure 5-12

less devices. For increased security, disable this option.

The next screen (Figure 5-12) will ask you to verify that the Router is connect-

ed properly. Connect the Router as shown, without connecting the power or

modem. Click the Next button to continue. If you wish to step back in the setup

process, click the Back button. To print this screen, click the Print button.

When the screen shown in Figure 5-13 appears, connect the power for the

Router and modem, using a surge protector. Some of the Router’s lights should

come on as shown on the screen. Verify that your connection is working prop-

erly before clicking the Next button to continue. If you wish to step back in the

setup process, click the Back button. To print this screen, click the Print button.

Figure 5-14

Document and save these settings for future reference and click the Next but-

ton to continue. If you wish to step back in the setup process, click the Back

button.

Figure 5-13

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The following screen will detect your modem’s IP settings and configure the

Router with these settings. (The screen shown in Figure 5-15 is what you would

see if you see if you had a PPPoE connection.) Click the Next button to con-

tinue. If you wish to step back in the setup process, click the Back button.

Chapter 6: The Router’s

Web-based Utility

Overview

Use the Router’s web-based utility to administer it. This chapter will describe

each web page in the Utility and each page’s key functions. The utility can be

accessed via your web browser through use of a computer connected to the

Router.

For a basic network setup, most users only have to use the following screens of

the utility:

• Setup Enter the settings provided by your ISP.

• Password The Router’s default password is admin. To secure the Router,

change the Password from its default.

Figure 5-15

The WEP, Status, DHCP, Log, and Help tabs are also available for basic setup.

For advanced setup, click the Advanced Setup tab to access these screens:

Filters, Forwarding, Dynamic Routing, Static Routing, DMZ Host, MAC Addr

Clone, and Wireless.

Configuration is complete and the Router is set up when you see the final

screen, shown in Figure 5-16. Click the Finish button to close the Setup

Wizard.

To set up any further computers to connect to the Router, run the Setup Wizard

again and choose Set Up Additional Computer(s). To fine-tune the Router’s

Logging In

performance, you can

continue to Chapter 6:

The Router’s Web-

based Utility.

To access the web-based utility of the Router, launch Internet Explorer or

Netscape Navigator, and enter the Router’s default IP address, 192.168.1.1, in

the Address field, as shown in Figure 6-1. Then, press Enter.

Figure 6-1

Note: If your PC’s Windows operating system supports Universal

Plug and Play (UPnP), Windows will offer to create a desktop short-

cut to the Router. Click the OK button to create the desktop icon, and

then double-click the icon to connect to the Router. Otherwise, con-

nect to the Router manually, as directed in steps 1 and 2.

Figure 5-16

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Upon entering the address into the web browser, a password request page will

pop up, as shown in Figure 6-2a. (Windows XP users will see a “Connect to

192.168.1.1” window, shown in Figure 6-2b.)

Figure 6-2a

Figure 6-2b

Leave the User Name field empty, and enter admin (the default password) in

lowercase letters in the Password field. Then, click the OK button.

To apply any of the settings you change on a page of the Utility, click the Apply

button, and then click the Continue button. To cancel any values you’ve

entered on any page of the Utility, click the Cancel button.

Setup

Figure 6-3

The Setup screen, shown in Figure 6-3, is the first screen you see when you

access the web-based utility. If you have already installed and set up the Router,

you have already seen this screen and properly configured all of the screen’s

values. Some options on this screen remain the same while the Internet

Connection option will change depending on how you connect to the Internet.

Firmware Version This entry shows the version and date of the firmware the

Router is using. Future versions of the Router’s firmware will be posted and

available for download on the Network Everywhere website at

www.NetworkEverywhere.com.

Time Zone This drop-down menu allows you to set the time zone in which you

are operating the Router.

The main options are described first, with all of the Internet Connection types

following.

Device LAN IP Address The values for the Router’s IP Address and Subnet

Mask are shown here. The default values are 192.168.1.1 for the Device IP

Address and 255.255.255.0 for the Subnet Mask.

Host Name/Domain Name These fields allow you to supply a host and

domain name for the Router. Some ISPs require these names as identification.

You may have to check with your ISP to see if your broadband Internet service

has been configured with a host and domain name. In most cases, leaving these

fields blank will work.

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Wireless (Enable/Disable). In order to utilize the Router’s wireless functions,

select Enable. If you do not wish to utilize any wireless functions, make sure

Disable is selected. (Note: No other wireless functions will be available unless

you enable this setting.)

Static IP

If you are required

to use a permanent

IP address, then

select

(Fixed)

SSID: The SSID is a unique name for your wireless network. It is case sen-

sitive and must not exceed 32 characters. The default SSID is "wireless "

but you should change this to a personal wireless network name. All wire-

less points in your network must use the same SSID. Verify that you are

using the correct SSID and click the Apply button to set it.

Static

address, shown in

Figure 6-4.

SSID Broadcast - Allows the SSID to be broadcast on your network. You

may want to enable this function while configuring the Router, but make

sure that you disable it when you are finished. With this enabled, someone

could easily obtain the SSID information with site survey software and gain

unauthorized access to your network. Click Enable to broadcast. Click

Disable to increase network security and prevent the SSID from being seen

on networked PCs.

Channel Select the appropriate channel from the list provided to corre-

spond with your network settings, between 1 and 11. All points in your

wireless network must use the same channel in order to function correctly.

Verify that the correct channel is selected and click the Apply button to set

it.

Figure 6-4

WEP (Mandatory/Disable). In order to utilize WEP encryption, select

Enable. If you do not wish to utilize WEP encryption, make sure Disable

IP Address This is the Router’s IP address, when seen from the Internet, or

the Internet. Your ISP will provide you with the IP Address you need to spec-

ify here.

is selected.

Note: To configure WEP encryption, see

Appendix C: Configuring Wireless Security.

Subnet Mask This is the Router’s Subnet Mask, as seen by external users on

the Internet (including your ISP). Your ISP will provide you with the Subnet

Mask.

Internet Connection The Router supports three connection types: DHCP,

PPPoE, and Static IP. Each Setup screen and available features will differ

depending on what kind of connection type you select.

Default Gateway Address Your ISP will provide you with the Default

Gateway Address, which is the ISP’s IP address.

Obtain an IP Address Automatically

DNS (Required) Your ISP will provide you with at least one DNS (Domain

By default, the Router’s Internet Connection is set to Obtain an IP auto-

matically, as shown in Figure 6-3, and it should be used only if your ISP

supports DHCP.

Name System) Server IP

Address.

Note: Successfully connection to the

Internet means these settings are correct.

To apply any of the settings you’ve changed on this page, click the Apply

button, and then click the Continue button. To cancel any values you’ve

entered on this page, click the Cancel button. If you should need any fur-

ther information about anything on this screen, click the Help button.

To apply any of the settings you’ve changed on this page, click the Apply but-

ton, and then click the Continue button. To cancel any values you’ve entered

on this page, click the Cancel button. If you should need any further infor-

mation about anything on this screen, click the Help button.

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Password

PPPoE

Some DSL-based ISPs

use PPPoE (Point-to-

Point Protocol over

Ethernet) to establish

Internet connections.

If you are connected to

the Internet through a

DSL line, check with

your ISP to see if they

use PPPoE. If they do,

you will have to enable

PPPoE, shown in

Figure 6-5.

The Password screen, shown in Figure 6-6, allows you to set up a password and

UPnP Services. You can also restore default settings on the Router.

User

Name

and

Password Enter the

User

Password provided by

your ISP.

Figure 6-5

Figure 6-6

Important: If you enable PPPoE, remember to remove any

PPPoE applications that are already installed on any of your PCs.

Router Password Set a password for the Router.You can use up to 64 alphanu-

meric characters. The default password is admin. If you don’t change the pass-

word, all users on your network will be able to access the Router using the

default password. For greater security, you should change the password from its

default setting.

Connect on Demand: Max Idle Time You can configure the Router to cut

the connection with your ISP after a specified period of time (Max Idle

Time). If you have been disconnected due to inactivity, Connect on Demand

enables the Router to automatically re-establish your connection as soon as

you attempt to access the Internet again. If you wish to activate Connect on

Demand, click the radio button. In the Max Idle Time field, enter the num-

ber of minutes you want to have elapsed before your Internet access dis-

connects.

UPnP Services Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) allows Windows XP to auto-

matically configure the Router for various Internet applications, such as gam-

ing and videoconferencing. Click the radio button next to Enable to enable

UPnP Services, or Disable to disable UPnP Services.

Keep Alive Option: Redial Period If you select this option, the Router will

periodically check your Internet connection. If you are disconnected, then

the Router will automatically re-establish your connection. To use this

option, click the radio button next to Keep Alive. In the Redial Period field,

enter the number of seconds you want the Redial Period to last. The default

Redial Period is 30 seconds.

Restore Factory Defaults If you select the Restore Factory Defaults option

and click the Apply button, you will clear all of the Router’s settings. Do not

restore the factory defaults unless you are having difficulties with the Router

and have exhausted all other troubleshooting measures. Once the Router is

reset, you will have to re-enter all of your configuration data.

To apply any of the settings you’ve changed on this page, click the Apply but-

ton, and then click the Continue button. To cancel any values you’ve entered

on this page, click the Cancel button. If you should need any further infor-

mation about anything

To apply any of the settings you’ve changed on this page, click the Apply but-

ton, and then click the Continue button. To cancel any values you’ve entered

on this page, click the Cancel button. If you should need any further informa-

tion about anything on this screen, click the Help button.

Note: Successfully connection to the

on this screen, click the

Internet means these settings are correct.

Help button.

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WAN These fields display the Router’s current MAC Address, IP Address,

Subnet Mask, and Default Gateway IP Address, as seen by external users on the

Internet. The DNS (Domain Name System) IP Address fields show the IP

address(es) of the DNS server(s) currently used by the Router. Multiple DNS

IP settings are common. In most cases, the first available DNS entry is used.

Status

The Status screen,

shown in Figure 6-7

displays the Router’s

current status; it

reflects the data and

selections you’ve

entered using the

Setup screen.

DHCP Clients Table Click the DHCP Clients Table button to view the list of

PCs that were given IP addresses by the Router.

DDHHCCPP

From the DHCP screen, shown in Figure 6-8, you can configure the settings to

your DHCP server. A Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server

automatically assigns an IP address to each PC on your network for you. Unless

you already have one, it is highly recommended that you leave the Router

enabled as a DHCP server.

All of the informa-

tion provided on this

screen is read-only.

To make changes,

select the Setup tab.

Figure 6-7

Note: The information provided and buttons available will vary

depending on the Router’s settings.

Host Name This field shows the Router’s name.

Firmware Version This field shows the installed version and date of the

firmware.

For PPPoE only, there is a Connect button to click if you are disconnected and

want to re-establish a connection.

LAN These fields display the Router’s current MAC Address, IP Address, and

Subnet Mask, as seen by users on your local area network. The DHCP Server

field shows the status of the Router’s DHCP server function, which is either

enabled or disabled.

Figure 6-8

DHCP Server DHCP is already enabled by factory default. If you already

have a DHCP server on your network, set the Router’s DHCP option to

Disable. Click the Apply button and then the Continue button. If you disable

DHCP, remember to assign a static IP address to the Router.

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Starting IP Address Enter a value for the DHCP server to start with when

issuing IP addresses. This value must be 192.168.1.2 or greater, because the

Router’s default IP address is 192.168.1.1.

Number of DHCP Users (Optional) Enter the maximum number of PCs for

the DHCP server to assign IP addresses. This number cannot be greater than

253.

DNS The Domain Name System (DNS) is how the Internet translates domain

or website names into Internet addresses or URLs. Your ISP will provide you

with at least one DNS Server IP Address. If you wish to use another, type that

IP Address in one of these fields. You can type up to three DNS Server IP

Addresses here. The Router will use these for quicker access to functioning

DNS servers.

Figure 6-9

If you should need any further information about anything on this screen, click

the Help button.

DHCP Clients Table Click the DHCP Clients Table button to show the cur-

rent DHCP Client data. (This data is stored in temporary memory and changes

periodically.)

Help

To apply any of the settings you’ve changed on this page, click the Apply but-

ton, and then click the Continue button. To cancel any values you’ve entered

on this page, click the Cancel button. If you should need any further informa-

tion about anything on this screen, click the Help button.

Log

The Log tab, shown in Figure 6-9, provides you with a log of all incoming and

outgoing URLs or IP addresses for your Internet connection.

Access Log To access activity logs, select the Enable option next to Access

Log. This function can be disabled by clicking the Disable radio button.

Temporary logs can be accessed from the Log screen by clicking either the

Incoming Access Log or Outgoing Access Log button. The Incoming Access

Log gives you a log of all the incoming Internet traffic while the Outgoing

Access Log lists all the URLs and IP addresses of Internet sites that users on

your network have accessed.

Figure 6-10

Under the Help tab, shown in Figure 6-10, you’ll find links to all of the utili-

ty’s internal support documentation along the left margin, including the fol-

lowing:

Network Everywhere Website Clicking this link will take you to Network

Everywhere’s website, www.NetworkEverywhere.com, provided you are con-

nected to the Internet.

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Online manual in PDF format and Adobe Website Clicking the Online man-

ual in PDF format link will take you to the latest version of the user guide for

this Router. The guide will be in Adobe Acrobat Portable Document File (.pdf)

format. You will need the Adobe Acrobat Reader to view this pdf. If you do not

have the Acrobat Reader, click the Adobe Website link to download it. These

links work only if you are connected to the Internet.

• Dynamic Routing - Sets up the Router so it will automatically adjust to phys-

ical changes in the network’s layout.

• Static Routing - Sets up static routes needed when network information must

travel to a specific host or network.

• DMZ Host - Allows one local user to be exposed to the Internet for use of spe-

Upgrade Firmware

New firmware versions are posted at

cial-purpose services such as online gaming or videoconferencing.

www.NetworkEverywhere.com and can be downloaded for free. If the Router

can access the Internet already, there’s no need to download a newer firmware

version, unless that version has a new feature that you want to use. (To learn

• MAC Address Cloning - Allows you to “clone” your Ethernet adapter’s MAC

address onto the Router.

about

any

new

firmware

with

new

features,

visit

IP Filtering

www.NetworkEverywhere.com.) Loading new firmware onto the Router does

not always enhance the speed or the quality of your connection.

From the IP filters screen, shown in Figure 6-11, you can block specific inter-

nal users from accessing the Internet and enable Virtual Private Network (VPN)

sessions. You can set up filters by using IP addresses or network port numbers

(or a range of ports).

To upgrade the Router’s firmware:

1. Download the firmware upgrade file from www.NetworkEverywhere.com,

and extract the file using archive software such as WinZip.

Filtered Private IP Range To set up a filter using IP addresses, enter the range

of IP addresses you wish to filter in the IP address fields. Users with filtered

IP addresses will not be able to access the Internet at all. If you only want to

filter one IP address instead of a range of IP addresses, enter the same value

into both fields. For instance, if you wish to filter the PC with the IP address

of 192.168.1.5, enter 5 into both fields on one line: 192.168.1.5 ~ 192.168.1.5.

Click the Apply button when finished.

2. Select the Help tab (see Figure 6-10).

Note: By upgrading the Router’s firmware, you may lose the Router’s

configuration settings.

3. Click Upgrade Firmware to display a new window.

4. Click the Browse button to find the firmware upgrade file you extracted.

Filtered Private Port Range To filter users by network port number, enter a

network port number or a range of network ports. Select the protocol for each

port number you want to filter, TCP or UDP. Enter the port numbers you want

to filter in the port numbers fields. Users connected to the Router will no

longer be able to access any port number listed there. Click the Apply button

when you’re done.

5. Double-click the firmware file you extracted. Click the Upgrade button

and follow the on-screen instructions.

Advanced

The following instructions are for advanced users or users whose setup require

special configuration. When you click the Advanced tab, you will be able to set

up these features. There are six additional tabs available.

Time Filter This feature allows you to block access to the Internet during pre-

set times.

• Filters - Filters block specific internal users from Internet access and enable

Virtual Private Network (VPN) sessions.

• Forwarding - Sets up public services on your network.

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Block WAN Requests By enabling the Block WAN Request feature, you can

prevent your network from being “pinged,” or detected, by other Internet

users. The Block WAN Request feature also reinforces your network security

by hiding your network ports. Both functions of the Block WAN Request fea-

ture make it more difficult for outside users to work their way into your net-

work. This feature is enabled by default.

IPSec Pass Through This feature lets you use IPSec Pass Through. IPSec

Pass Through is enabled by default.

To disable IPSec Pass Through, click on Disable.

PPTP Pass Through Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol is the method used to

enable VPN sessions. PPTP Pass Through is enabled by default.

To disable this feature, click on Disable next to PPTP Pass Through.

L2TP Pass Through This feature lets you use L2TP Pass Through. L2TP Pass

Through is enabled by default.

To disable this feature, click on Disable next to L2TP Pass Through.

Remote Management This feature allows you to manage the Router from a

remote location, via the Internet. To enable this feature, click on Enable, and

enter the desired port number (default is 8080). Click the Apply button and

then the Continue button. Remote Management must be activated before you

can manage the Router from a remote location. If you wish to use this feature

on the browser, enter http:\\<WAN IP Address>:8080. (Enter your specific

Internet IP Address in place of <WAN IP Address>.) Remote Management

involves an inherent security risk and should not be enabled without first

changing the Password (from the Setup screen) from its default settings.

Figure 6-11

Private MAC Filter This feature filters the Ethernet adapter’s specific MAC

address from going out to the Internet.

To check your Ethernet adapter’s MAC address, run winipcfg or ipconfig in

the command prompt, depending on which Windows operating system you are

using. To set the MAC filter, click the Edit MAC Filter Setting button. When

a second window appears (see Figure 6-14), select the range in the drop-down

box, and at the MAC number prompt, enter the 12-digit MAC address you want

to filter. Click the Apply button and the Continue button, before closing the

window. For information on obtaining a MAC address, go to “Appendix D:

Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter.”

To disable this feature, click on Disable.

MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) This feature specifies the largest pack-

et size permitted for network transmission. Select Enable and enter the value

desired. You should leave this value in the 1200 to 1500 range. Most DSL

users should use the value 1492. For static and dynamic connections, the

default MTU value is set at 1500 when disabled. For PPPoE connections, the

default MTU value is set at 1492 when disabled.

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To apply any of the settings you’ve changed on this page, click the Apply but-

ton, and then click the Continue button. To cancel any values you’ve entered

on this page, click the Cancel button. If you should need any further informa-

tion about anything on this screen, click the Help button.

The Preset Applications at the top of the list are among the most widely used

Internet applications. They include the following:

•

FTP (File Transfer Protocol) A protocol used to transfer files over a

TCP/IP network (Internet, UNIX, etc.). For example, after developing the

HTML pages for a website on a local machine, web developers typically

upload the files to the web server using FTP. FTP includes functions to log

onto the network, list directories, and copy files. FTP operations can be per-

formed by typing commands at a command prompt or via an FTP utility

running under a graphical interface such as Windows. FTP transfers can

also be initiated from within a web browser by entering the URL preceded

by ftp://.

Forwarding

•

Telnet A terminal emulation protocol commonly used on Internet and

TCP/IP-based networks. It allows a user at a terminal or computer to log

onto a remote device and run a program.

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) The standard e-mail protocol on

the Internet. It is a TCP/IP protocol that defines the message format and the

message transfer agent (MTA), which stores and forwards the mail.

DNS (Domain Name System) The way that Internet domain names are

located and translated into IP addresses. A domain name is a meaningful

and easy-to-remember “handle” for an Internet address.

•

TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) A version of the TCP/IP FTP proto-

col that has no directory or password capability.

Finger A UNIX command widely used on the Internet to find out infor-

mation about a particular user, such as his or her telephone number, whether

the user is currently logged on, and the last time the user was logged on. The

person being “fingered” must have placed his or her profile on the system

in order for the information to be available. Fingering requires entering the

full user@domain address, for example, [email protected].

•

HTTP (HyperText Transport Protocol) The communications protocol used

to connect to servers on the World Wide Web. Its primary function is to

establish a connection with a web server and transmit HTML pages to the

client web browser.

Figure 6-12

UPnP Forwarding

POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3) A standard mail server commonly used on

the Internet. It provides a message store that holds incoming e-mail until

users log on and download it. POP3 is a simple system with little selectivi-

ty. All pending messages and attachments are downloaded at the same time.

POP3 uses the SMTP messaging protocol. (SMTP may also need to be for-

warded.)

Clicking the Forwarding tab will access the UPnP Forwarding screen, shown in

Figure 6-12. This screen displays preset application settings as well as options

for customization of port services for other applications.

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•

NNTP (Network News Transfer Protocol) The protocol used to connect to

Usenet groups on the Internet.

To apply any of the settings you’ve changed on this page, click the Apply but-

ton, and then click the Continue button. To cancel any values you’ve entered

on this page, click the Cancel button. If you should need any further informa-

SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) A widely used network

monitoring and control protocol. Data is passed from SNMP agents, which

are hardware and/or software processes reporting activity in each network

device (switch, router, bridge, etc.) to the workstation console used to over-

see the network. The agents return information contained in a MIB

(Management Information Base), which is a data structure that defines

what is obtainable from the device and what can be controlled (turned off,

on, etc.).

tion about anything on this screen, click the Help button.

Port Range Forwarding

Click the View Port Range Forwarding button will access the Port Range

Forwarding screen, shown in Figure 6-13. To return to the UPnP Forwarding

screen, click the View UPnP Forwarding button.

Enter the number of the internal port used by the server in the Int. Port col-

umn. Check with the Internet application software documentation for more

information.

Enter the IP address of the server that you want the Internet users to be able to

access. For information about finding the IP address, go to “Appendix D:

Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter.”

You must check the Enable box to enable the applications you have defined.

To add a Customized Application using UPnP Forwarding:

1. Enter the name of the application in the appropriate Customized

Application field.

2. Next to the name of the application, enter the number of the external port

used by the server in the Ext. Port column. Check with the Internet appli-

cation software documentation for more information.

3. On the same line, select Protocol TCP or Protocol UDP.

4. Enter the number of the internal port used by the server in the Int. Port col-

umn. Check with the Internet application software documentation for more

information.

5. Enter the IP address of the server that you want the Internet users to be able

to access. For information about finding the IP address, go to “Appendix D:

Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter.”

Figure 6-13

6. Check the Enable box to enable the services you have defined. UPnP

Forwarding will not function if the Enable button is left unchecked. This is

disabled (unchecked) by default.

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Port Range Forwarding sets up public services on your network, such as web

servers, ftp servers, e-mail servers, or other specialized Internet applications.

(Specialized Internet applications are any applications that use Internet access

to perform functions such as videoconferencing or online gaming. Some

Internet applications may not require any forwarding.) When users send this

type of request to your network via the Internet, the Router will forward those

requests to the appropriate PC. Before using Forwarding, the Router’s DHCP

function must be disabled under the DHCP tab and the Router must be assigned

a new static LAN IP address because the IP address may change when using

the DHCP server.

Port Triggering

From the Port Range

Forwarding or UPnP

Forwarding screens,

click

the

Port

Triggering button to

access

Triggering

the

Port

screen,

shown in Figure 6-14.

This allows the Router

to watch outgoing data

for specific port num-

bers. The IP address of

the computer that sends

the matching data is

remembered by the

Router, so that when

the requested data

returns through the

Router, the data is

pulled back to the prop-

er computer by way of

IP address and port

mapping rules.

If you need to forward all ports to one PC, see the “DMZ” section.

To add a Customized Application using Port Range Forwarding:

1. Enter the name of the application in the appropriate Customized

Application field.

2. Next to the name of the application, enter the number of the external port

used by the server in the Ext. Port column. Check with the Internet appli-

cation software documentation for more information.

3. On the same line, select Protocol TCP or Protocol UDP.

Figure 6-14

4. Enter the IP address of the server that you want the Internet users to be able

to access. For information about finding the IP address, go to “Appendix D:

Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter.”

1. Enter the Application Name of the trigger.

2. Enter the Trigger Port Range used by the application. Check with the

Internet application for the port number needed.

5. Check the Enable box to enable the services you have defined. Port Range

Forwarding will not function if the Enable button is left unchecked. This is

disabled (unchecked) by default.

3. Enter the Incoming Port Range used by the application. Check with the

Internet application for the port number needed.

6. Configure as many entries as needed—the Router supports up to 10 ranges

of ports. Click the Apply button and then the Continue button when you

are done.

4. Click the Apply button and then click the Continue button. Click the

Cancel button to cancel any values you’ve entered.

To apply any of the settings you’ve changed on this page, click the Apply but-

ton, and then click the Continue button. To cancel any values you’ve entered

on this page, click the Cancel button. If you should need any further informa-

tion about anything on this screen, click the Help button.

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To apply any of the settings you’ve changed on this page, click the Apply but-

ton, and then click the Continue button. To cancel any values you’ve entered

on this page, click the Cancel button. If you should need any further informa-

tion about anything on this screen, click the Help button.

Dynamic Routing

Static Routing

Figure 6-15

From the Dynamic Routing screen, shown in Figure 6-15, you can enable the

Router to automatically adjust to physical changes in the network’s layout. The

Router, using the RIP protocol, determines the network packets’ route based on

the fewest number of hops between the source and the destination. The RIP pro-

tocol regularly broadcasts routing information to other routers on the network.

To set up Dynamic Routing:

Figure 6-16

1. Choose the correct Working Mode. Gateway Mode should be used if the

Router is hosting your network’s connection to the Internet. Router Mode

should be selected if the Router exists on a network with other routers. In

Router Mode, any computer connected to the Router will not be able to con-

nect to the Internet unless you have another router functioning in the

Gateway mode.

If the Router is connected to more than one network, it may be necessary to set

up a static route between them. This can be accomplished from the Static

Routing screen, shown in Figure 6-16. A static route is a pre-determined path-

way that network information must travel to reach a specific host or network.

From the Static Routing tab, click the Show Routing Table button to view the

current static routing configuration.

2. Choose a Dynamic Routing path protocol for either transmission (TX:) or

To create a static route entry:

reception (RX:) of network data by selecting Enabled.

1. Select a Static Route Entry from the drop-down list. The Router supports

Click the Show Routing Table button to open a chart displaying how data is

routed through your LAN.

up to 20 static route entries.

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To delete a Static Routing entry, select an entry, and click the Delete this

entry button.

DMZ Host

2. Enter the following data to create a new static route.

Destination LAN IP: The Destination LAN IP is the address of the remote

network or host to which you want to assign a static route. Enter the IP

address of the host for which you wish to create a static route here. If you

are building a route to an entire network, be sure that the network portion

of the IP address is set to 0. For example, the Router’s standard IP address

is 192.168.1.1. Based on this address, the address of the routed network is

192.168.1.x, with the last digit “x” determining the Router’s place on the

network. Therefore you would enter the IP address 192.168.1.0 if you want-

ed to route to the Router’s entire network, rather than just to the Router.

Subnet Mask: The Subnet Mask determines which portion of an IP

address is the network portion, and which portion is the host portion. Take,

for example, a network in which the Subnet Mask is 255.255.255.0. This

determines (by using the values 255) that the first three numbers of a net-

work IP address identify this particular network, while the last digit (from

1 to 254) identifies the specific host.

Figure 6-17

From the DMZ Host screen, shown in Figure 6-17, you can expose one local

user to the Internet for a special-purpose service such as Internet gaming and

videoconferencing.

Default Gateway: This IP address should be the IP address of the gateway

device that allows for contact between the Router and the remote network

or host.

Port Range Forwarding forwards a maximum of 10 ranges of ports, and DMZ

Hosting forwards all the ports for one PC at the same time. DMZ Hosting is

less secure.

Hop Count: This determines the maximum number of steps between net-

work nodes that data packets will travel. A node is any device on the net-

work, such as PCs, print servers, routers, etc. The maximum metric, or

measure, of hops is 15.

•

To expose one PC, enter the computer’s IP address. For more information

about finding a computer’s IP address, refer to “Appendix D: Finding the

MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter.”

•

Deactivate DMZ by entering 0 in the field. (This is the default setting.)

Interface: Select LAN or WAN, depending on the location of the static

route’s final destination.

To apply any of the settings you’ve changed on this page, click the Apply but-

ton, and then click the Continue button. To cancel any values you’ve entered

on this page, click the Cancel button. If you should need any further informa-

tion about anything on this screen, click the Help button.

To apply any of the settings you’ve changed on this page, click the Apply but-

ton, and then click the Continue button. To cancel any values you’ve entered

on this page, click the Cancel button. If you should need any further informa-

tion about anything on this screen, click the Help button.

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MAC Address Clone

Wireless

Figure 6-18

The Router’s MAC address is a 12-digit code assigned to a unique piece of

hardware for identification, like a social security number. If your ISP requires

MAC address registration, find your adapter’s MAC address by following the

instructions in “Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for

Your Ethernet Adapter.”

Enter the 12 digits of your adapter’s MAC address in the on-screen fields (see

Figure 6-18). This “clones” your Ethernet adapter’s MAC address onto the

Router, so you do NOT have to call your ISP to change the registered MAC

address to the Router’s MAC address.

Figure 6-19

Before making any changes to the Wireless tab, shown in Figure 6-19, please

check the wireless settings for all your wireless PCs, as these changes will alter

the Router’s effectiveness. In most cases, these settings do not need to be

changed.

To apply any of the settings you’ve changed on this page, click the Apply but-

ton, and then click the Continue button. To cancel any values you’ve entered

on this page, click the Cancel button. If you should need any further informa-

tion about anything on this screen, click the Help button.

•

Firmware Version. This indicates the Router’s firmware version.

Beacon Interval. This value indicates the frequency interval of the beacon.

A beacon is a packet broadcast by the Router to keep the network synchro-

nized. A beacon includes the wireless LAN service area, the IP address, the

Broadcast destination addresses, a time stamp, Delivery Traffic Indicator

Maps, and the Traffic Indicator Message (TIM).

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•

RTS Threshold. This value should remain at its default setting of 2,346.

Should you encounter inconsistent data flow, only minor modifications are

recommended.

•

Station MAC Filter. This option will allow you to prevent wireless users

on your network from accessing the Router’s functions.

Clicking the Active MAC Table button will display the MAC Addresses of

all users on your wireless network. Addresses in green show access to the

Router, while addresses in red do not have access.

Fragmentation Threshold. This value indicates how much of the Router’s

resources are devoted to recovering packet errors. The value should remain

at its default setting of 2,346. If you have decreased this value and experi-

ence high packet error rates, you can increase it again, but it will likely

decrease overall network performance. Only minor modifications of this

value are recommended.

To filter users, click the Edit MAC Filter Setting button.

Click the Wireless MAC Entry drop-down menu to select a range of

entries for your network. From within this range, select the entry for which

you’d like to manage access. Verify that the appropriate MAC Address is

entered into the MAC Address field. Click the Filter checkbox beside that

MAC Address. Now, this user will be prevented from accessing the Router.

All other users will have access. To allow only that user and deny access to

all others, leave Filter unchecked.

•

DTIM Interval. This value indicates the interval of the Delivery Traffic

Indication Message (DTIM). A DTIM field is a countdown field informing

clients of the next window for listening to broadcast and multicast mes-

sages. When the Router has buffered broadcast or multicast messages for

associated clients, it sends the next DTIM with a DTIM Interval value.

Clients for the Router hear the beacons and awaken to receive the broadcast

and multicast messages.

Click the Apply button to set these changes or Undo if you do not wish

these changes to go into effect.

Basic Rates. The basic transfer rates should be set depending on the speed

of your wireless network. You must select 1-2 (Mbps) if you have older

802.11 compliant equipment on your network, such as wireless adapters

that support only 1 or 2 Mbps. Selecting 1-2 (Mbps), however, does not

limit the basic transfer rates of faster adapters.

To apply any of the settings you’ve changed on this page, click the Apply but-

ton, and then click the Continue button. To cancel any values you’ve entered

on this page, click the Cancel button. If you should need any further informa-

tion about anything on this screen, click the Help button.

•

TX Rates. Select all the rate at which you wish the Router to communicate

within your wireless network.

Preamble Type. The preamble defines the length of the CRC block for

communication between the Router and the roaming Network Card. (High

network traffic areas should use the shorter preamble type.) Select the

appropriate preamble type and click the Apply button to set it.

•

Authentication Type. You may choose between Open System, Shared

Key, and Both. The Authentication Type default is set to Open System, in

which the sender and the recipient do NOT share a secret key. Each party

generates its own key-pair and asks the receiver to accept the randomly-

generated key. Once accepted, this key is used for a short time only. Then

a new key is generated and agreed upon. Shared Key is when both the

sender and the recipient share a secret key.

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For Windows 2000:

Appendix A: Troubleshooting

A. Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Network and

Dial-Up Connections.

Common Problems and Solutions

B. Right-click the Local Area Connection that is associated with the Ethernet

adapter you are using, and select the Properties option.

C. In the Components checked are used by this connection box, highlight

Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and click the Properties button. Select Use

the following IP address option.

D. Enter a unique IP address that is not used by any other computer on the

network connected to the Router. You can only use an IP address in the

ranges 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.99 and 192.168.1.151 to 192.168.1.254.

E. Enter the Subnet Mask, 255.255.255.0.

F. Enter the Default Gateway, 192.168.1.1 (Router’s default IP address).

G. Toward the bottom of the window, select Use the following DNS server

addresses, and enter the Preferred DNS server and Alternative DNS

server (provided by your ISP). Contact your ISP or go on its website to find

the information.

This appendix consists of two parts: “Common Problems and Solutions” and

“Frequently Asked Questions.” Provided are possible solutions to problems

regarding the installation and operation of the Router. If your situation is described

here, the problem should be solved by applying the corresponding solution. If you

can’t find an answer here, check the Linksys website at www.linksys.com.

1. I need to set a static IP address on a PC.

The Router, by default, assigns an IP address range of 192.168.1.100 to

192.168.1.149 using the DHCP server on the Router. To set a static IP address, you

can only use the ranges 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.99 and 192.168.1.151 to

192.168.1.254. Each PC or network device that uses TCP/IP must have a unique

address to identify itself in a network. If the IP address is not unique to a network,

Windows will generate an IP conflict error message. You can assign a static IP

address to a PC by performing the following steps:

H. Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window,

and click the OK button in the Local Area Connection Properties window.

I. Restart the computer if asked.

For Windows 98 SE and Me:

For Windows XP:

A. Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Network.

B. In The following network components are installed box, select the TCP/IP->

associated with your Ethernet adapter. If you only have one Ethernet adapter

installed, you will only see one TCP/IP line with no association to an Ethernet

adapter. Highlight it and click the Properties button.

C. In the TCP/IP properties window, select the IP address tab, and select Specify

an IP address. Enter a unique IP address that is not used by any other com-

puter on the network connected to the Router. You can only use an IP address

in the ranges 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.99 and 192.168.1.151 to

192.168.1.254. Make sure that each IP address is unique for each PC or net-

work device.

D. Click the Gateway tab, and in the New Gateway prompt, enter 192.168.1.1,

which is the default IP address of the Router. Click the Add button to accept

the entry.

E. Click the DNS tab, and make sure the DNS Enabled option is selected. Enter

the Host and Domain names (e.g., John for Host and home for Domain).

Enter the DNS entry provided by your ISP. If your ISP has not provided the

DNS IP address, contact your ISP to get that information or go to its website

for the information.

The following instructions assume you are running Windows XP with the

default interface. If you are using the Classic interface (where the icons and

menus look like previous Windows versions), please follow the instructions for

Windows 2000.

A. Click Start and Control Panel.

B. Click the Network and Internet Connections icon and then the Network

Connections icon.

C. Right-click the Local Area Connection that is associated with the Ethernet

adapter you are using, and select the Properties option.

D. In the This connection uses the following items box, highlight Internet

Protocol (TCP/IP). Click the Properties button.

E. Enter a unique IP address that is not used by any other computer on the net-

work connected to the Router. You can only use an IP address in the ranges

192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.99 and 192.168.1.151 to 192.168.1.254.

F. Enter the Subnet Mask, 255.255.255.0.

G. Enter the Default Gateway, 192.168.1.1 (Router’s default IP address).

H. Toward the bottom of the window, select Use the following DNS server

addresses, and enter the Preferred DNS server and Alternative DNS

server (provided by your ISP). Contact your ISP or go on its website to find

the information.

F. Click the OK button in the TCP/IP properties window, and click Close or the

OK button for the Network window.

G. Restart the computer when prompted.

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I. Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window.

• Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties win-

dow, and click the OK button in the Local Area Connection Properties

window.

Click the OK button in the Local Area Connection Properties window.

2. I want to test my Internet connection.

• Restart the computer if asked.

A. Check your TCP/IP settings.

B. Open a command prompt.

For Windows 98 SE and Me:

Refer to your Ethernet adapter’s documentation for details. Make sure

Obtain IP address automatically is selected in the settings.

• For Windows 98 SE and Me, please click Start and Run. In the Open

field, type in command. Press the Enter key or click the OK button.

• For Windows 2000 and XP, please click Start and Run. In the Open

field, type cmd. Press the Enter key or click the OK button.

For Windows 2000:

• Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Network and

Dial-Up Connections.

C. In the command prompt, type ping 192.168.1.1 and press the Enter key.

• If you get a reply, the computer is communicating with the Router.

• If you do NOT get a reply, please check the cable, and make sure Obtain

an IP address automatically is selected in the TCP/IP settings for your

Ethernet adapter.

• Right-click the Local Area Connection that is associated with the

Ethernet adapter you are using, and select the Properties option.

• In the Components checked are used by this connection box, highlight

Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and click the Properties button. Make sure

that Obtain an IP address automatically and Obtain DNS server

address automatically are selected.

D. In the command prompt, type ping followed by your WAN IP address and

press the Enter key. The WAN (or Internet) IP Address can be found in the

web inter-face of the Router. For example, if your WAN IP address is 1.2.3.4,

you would enter ping 1.2.3.4 and press the Enter key.

• Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties win-

dow, and click the OK button in the Local Area Connection Properties

window.

• If you get a reply, the computer is connected to the Router.

• If you do NOT get a reply, try the ping command from a different com-

puter to verify that your original computer is not the cause of the problem.

• Restart the computer if asked.

For Windows XP:

E. In the command prompt, type ping www.yahoo.com and press the Enter

key.

The following instructions assume you are running Windows XP with the

default interface. If you are using the Classic interface (where the icons and

menus look like previous Windows versions), please follow the instructions

for Windows 2000.

• If you get a reply, the computer is connected to the Internet. If you cannot

open a webpage, try the ping command from a different computer to ver-

ify that your original computer is not the cause of the problem.

• If you do NOT get a reply, there may be a problem with the connection.

Try the ping command from a different computer to verify that your orig-

inal computer is not the cause of the problem.

• Click Start and Control Panel.

• Click the Network and Internet Connections icon and then the

Network Connections icon.• Right-click the Local Area Connection

that is associated with the Ethernet adapter you are using, and select the

Properties option.

• In the This connection uses the following items box, highlight Internet

Protocol (TCP/IP), and click the Properties button. Make sure that

Obtain an IP address automatically and Obtain DNS server address

automatically are selected.

3. I am not getting an IP address on the Internet with my Internet connection.

A. Refer to “Problem #2, I want to test my Internet connection” to verify that

you have connectivity.

B. If you need to register the MAC address of your Ethernet adapter with your

ISP, please see “Appendix D: Finding the MAC address and IP Address for

Your Ethernet Adapter.” If you need to clone the MAC address of your

Ethernet adapter onto the Router, see the MAC Address Clone section of

“Chapter 6:The Router’s Web-based Utility” for details.

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C. Make sure you are using the right Internet settings. Contact your ISP to see

if your Internet connection type is DHCP, Static IP Address, or PPPoE

(commonly used by DSL consumers). Please refer to the Setup section of

“Chapter 6: The Router’s Web-based Utility” for details on Internet settings.

D. Make sure you have the right cable. Check to see if the Internet column has

a solidly lit Link LED.

E. Make sure the cable connecting from your cable or DSL modem is con-

nected to the Router’s Internet port. Verify that the Status page of the

Router’s web interface shows a valid IP address from your ISP.

Change the IP address for the Router to another subnet to avoid a conflict

between the VPN IP address and your local IP address. For example, if your

VPN server assigns an IP address 192.168.1.X (X is a number from 1 to 254)

and your local LAN IP address is 192.168.1.X (X is the same number used in

the VPN IP address), the Router will have difficulties routing information to

the right location. If you change the Router’s IP address to 192.168.2.1, that

should solve the problem. Change the Router’s IP address through the Setup tab

of the web interface. If you assigned a static IP address to any computer or net-

work device on the network, you need to change its IP address accordingly to

192.168.2.Y (Y being any number from 1 to 254). Note that each IP address

must be unique within the network.

F. Turn off the computer, Router, and cable/DSL modem. Wait 30 seconds,

and then turn on the Router, cable/DSL modem, and computer. Check the

Status tab of the Router’s web-based utility to see if you get an IP address.

Your VPN may require port 500/UDP packets to be passed to the computer that

is connecting to the IPSec server. Refer to “Problem #7, I need to set up online

game hosting or use other Internet applications” for details.

4. I am not able to access the Router’s web interface Setup page.

A. Refer to “Problem #2, I want to test my Internet connection” to verify that

your computer is properly connected to the Router.

B. Refer to “Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP address for Your

Ethernet Adapter” to verify that your computer has an IP Address, Subnet

Mask, Gateway, and DNS.

Check the Network Everywhere website for more information at www.net-

workeverywhere.com.

C. Set a static IP address on your system; refer to “Problem #1: I need to set a

static IP address.”

D. Refer to “Problem #10: I need to remove the proxy settings or the dial-up

pop-up window (for PPPoE users).”

6. I need to set up a server behind my Router.

To use a server like a web, ftp, or mail server, you need to know the respective

port numbers they are using. For example, port 80 (HTTP) is used for web;

port 21 (FTP) is used for FTP, and port 25 (SMTP outgoing) and port 110

(POP3 incoming) are used for the mail server. You can get more information

by viewing the documentation provided with the server you installed. Follow

these steps to set up port forwarding through the Router’s web-based utility. We

will be setting up web, ftp, and mail servers.

5. I can’t get my Virtual Private Network (VPN) working through the Router.

Access the Router’s web interface by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP

address of the Router, and go to the Advanced => Filter tab. Make sure you

have IPsec pass-through and/or PPTP pass-through enabled.

A. Access the Router’s web-based utility by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the

IP address of the Router. Go to the Advanced => Forwarding tab.

B. Enter any name you want to use for the Customized Application.

C. Enter the Ext. Port range of the service you are using. For example, if you

have a web server, you would enter the range 80 to 80.

VPNs that use IPSec with the ESP (Encapsulation Security Payload known as

protocol 50) authentication will work fine. At least one IPSec session will work

through the Router; however, simultaneous IPSec sessions may be possible,

depending on the specifics of your VPNs.

D. Check the protocol you will be using, TCP and/or UDP.

VPNs that use IPSec and AH (Authentication Header known as protocol 51)

are incompatible with the Router. AH has limitations due to occasional incom-

patibility with the NAT standard.

E. Enter the IP address of the PC or network device that you want the port

server to go to. For example, if the web server’s Ethernet adapter IP address

is 192.168.1.100, you would enter 100 in the field provided. Check

“Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet

Adapter” for details on getting an IP address.

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F. Check the Enable option for the port services you want to use. Consider the

example below:

Customized

Application

Web server

FTP server

SMTP (outgoing)25 to 25

POP3 (incoming)110 to 110

Ext. Port

TCP

UDP

IP Address

Enable

Customized

Application

Halflife

PC Anywhere

VPN IPSEC

Ext. Port

TCP

UDP

IP Address

Enable

80 to 80

21 to 21

192.168.1.100

192.168.1.101

192.168.1.102

7777 to 27900

192.168.1.100

192.168.1.105

192.168.1.102

192.168.1.100

27015 to 27015 X

5631 to 5631

500 to 500

When you have completed the configuration, click the Apply button.

7. I need to set up online game hosting or use other Internet applications.

8. I can’t get the Internet game, server, or application to work.

If you want to play online games or use Internet applications, most will work

without doing any port forwarding or DMZ hosting. There may be cases when

you want to host an online game or Internet application. This would require

you to set up the Router to deliver incoming packets or data to a specific com-

puter. This also applies to the Internet applications you are using. The best way

to get the information on what port services to use is to go to the website of the

online game or application you want to use. Follow these steps to set up online

game hosting or use a certain Internet application:

If you are having difficulties getting any Internet game, server, or application

to function properly, consider exposing one PC to the Internet using

DeMilitarized Zone (DMZ) hosting. This option is available when an applica-

tion requires too many ports or when you are not sure which port services to

use. Make sure you disable all the forwarding entries if you want to success-

fully use DMZ hosting, since forwarding has priority over DMZ hosting. (In

other words, data that enters the Router will be checked first by the forwarding

settings. If the port number that the data enters from does not have port for-

warding, then the Router will send the data to whichever PC or network device

you set for DMZ hosting.) Follow these steps to set DMZ hosting:

A. Access the Router’s web interface by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP

address of the Router. Go to the Advanced => Forwarding tab.

B. Enter any name you want to use for the Customized Application.

C. Enter the Ext. Port range of the service you are using. For example, if you

want to host Unreal Tournament (UT), you would enter the range 7777 to

27900.

A. Access the Router’s web-based utility by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the

IP address of the Router. Go to the Advanced => Forwarding tab.

B. Disable or remove the entries you have entered for forwarding. Keep this

information in case you want to use it at a later time.

D. Check the protocol you will be using, TCP and/or UDP.

E. Enter the IP address of the PC or network device that you want the port

server to go to. For example, if the web server’s Ethernet adapter IP address

is 192.168.1.100, you would enter 100 in the field provided. Check

“Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet

Adapter” for details on getting an IP address.

C. Click the DMZ Host tab.

D. Enter the Ethernet adapter’s IP address of the computer you want exposed

to the Internet. This will bypass the NAT firewall for that computer. Please

refer to “Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your

Ethernet Adapter” for details on getting an IP address.

Once completed with the configuration, click the Apply button.

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9. I forgot my password, or the password prompt always appears when saving set-

tings to the Router.

Reset the Router to factory default by pressing the Reset button for 30 seconds

and then releasing it. If you are still getting prompted for a password when sav-

ing settings, then perform the following steps:

12. I need to upgrade the firmware.

In order to upgrade the firmware with the latest features, you need to go to the

Network Everywhere website and download the latest firmware at www.net-

workeverywhere.com. Follow these steps:

A. Go to the Linksys website at http://ww w .n etworkeve r y where.com and

download the latest firmware.

B. To upgrade the firmware, follow the steps in the Help section found in

“Chapter 6: The Router’s Web-based Utility.”

A. Access the Router’s web interface by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP

address of the Router. Enter the default password admin, and click the

Password tab.

B. Enter a different password in the Router Password field, and enter this new

password in the second field to confirm the password.

C. Click the Apply button.

13. The firmware upgrade failed, and/or the Diag LED is flashing.

The upgrade could have failed for a number of reasons. Follow these steps to

upgrade the firmware and/or make the Diag LED stop flashing:

10. I am a PPPoE user, and I need to remove the proxy settings or the dial-up pop-

up window.

If you have proxy settings, you need to disable these on your computer.

Because the Router is the gateway for the Internet connection, the computer

does not need any proxy settings to gain access. Please follow these directions

to verify that you do not have any proxy settings and that the browser you use

is set to connect directly to the LAN.

A. If the firmware upgrade failed, use the TFTP program (it was downloaded

along with the firmware). Open the pdf that was downloaded along with the

firmware and TFTP program, and follow the pdf’s instructions.

B. Set a static IP address on the PC; refer to “Problem #1, I need to set a stat-

ic IP address.” Use the following IP address settings for the computer you

are using:

For Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 or higher:

A. Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Internet Options.

B. Click the Connections tab.

IP Address: 192.168.1.50

Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0

Gateway: 192.168.1.1

C. Click the LAN settings button and remove anything that is checked.

D. Click the OK button to go back to the previous screen.

E. Click the option Never dial a connection. This will remove any dial-up

pop-ups for PPPoE users.

C. Perform the upgrade using the TFTP program or the Router’s web-based

utility through its Help tab.

14. My DSL service’s PPPoE is always disconnecting.

For Netscape 4.7 or higher:

A. Start Netscape Navigator, and click Edit, Preferences, Advanced, and

PPPoE is not actually a dedicated or always-on connection. The DSL ISP can

disconnect the service after a period of inactivity, just like a normal phone dial-

up connection to the Internet. There is a setup option to “keep alive” the con-

nection. This may not always work, so you may need to re-establish connec-

tion periodically.

Proxies.

B. Make sure you have Direct connection to the Internet selected on this

screen.

C. Close all the windows to finish.

A. To connect to the Router, go to the web browser, and enter

http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router.

B. Enter the password, if asked. (The default password is admin.)

C. In the Setup tab, select the option Keep Alive, and set the Redial Period

option at 20 (seconds).

11. To start over, I need to set the Router to factory default.

Hold the Reset button for up to 30 seconds and then release it. This will return

the password, forwarding, and other settings on the Router to the factory

default settings. In other words, the Router will revert to its original factory

configuration.

D. Click the Apply button.

E. Click the Status tab, and click the Connect button.

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F. You may see the login status display as Connecting. Press the F5 key to

refresh the screen, until you see the login status display as Connected.

G. Click the Apply button to continue.

17. The Diag LED stays lit continuously.

• The Diag LED lights up when the device is first powered on. Then, the

system will boot up itself and check for proper operation. After finishing

the checking procedure, the LED turns off to show that the system is

working fine. If the LED remains lit after this time, the device is not

working properly. Try to flash the firmware by assigning a static IP

address to the computer, and then upgrade the firmware. Try using the

following settings, IP Address: 192.168.1.50 and Subnet Mask:

255.255.255.0.

If the connection is lost again, follow steps E to G to re-establish connection.

15. I can't access my email, web, or VPN, or I am getting corrupted data from the

Internet.

The Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) setting may need to be adjusted. By

default, the MTU is set at 1500. For most DSL users, it is strongly recom-

mended to use MTU 1492. If you are having some difficulties, perform the fol-

lowing steps:

18. When I enter a URL or IP address, I get a time-out error or am prompted to retry.

• Check if other PCs work. If they do, ensure that your workstation’s IP set-

tings are correct (IP Address, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway, and DNS).

Restart the computer that is having a problem.

A. To connect to the Router, go to the web browser, and enter

http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router.

B. Enter the password, if asked. (The default password is admin.)

C. Click the Advanced => Filter tab.

D. Look for the MTU option, and select Enable. In the Size field, enter 1492.

E. Click the Apply button to continue.

• If the PCs are configured correctly, but still not working, check the

Router. Ensure that it is connected and ON. Connect to it and check its

settings. (If you cannot connect to it, check the LAN and power connec-

tions.)

• If the Router is configured correctly, check your Internet connection

(DSL/cable modem, etc.) to see if it is working correctly.You can remove

the Router to verify a direct connection.

If your difficulties continue, change the Size to different values. Try this list of

values, one value at a time, in this order, until your problem is solved:

• Manually configure the TCP/IP with a DNS address provided by your

ISP.

1462

1400

1362

1300

• Make sure that your browser is set to connect directly and that any dial-

up is disabled. For Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options, and

then the Connection tab. Make sure that Internet Explorer is set to Never

dial a connection. For Netscape Navigator, click Edit, Preferences,

Advanced, and Proxy. Make sure that Netscape Navigator is set to

Direct connection to the Internet.

16. I need to use port triggering.

Port triggering looks at the outgoing port services used and will trigger the

Router to open a specific port, depending on which port an Internet application

uses. Follow these steps:

19. The Full/Col LED keeps flickering continuously.

• Check the Category 5 Ethernet cable and its RJ-45 connectors.

• There may be interference with other network devices. Try removing

other PCs or network devices to see if the problem persists. Eliminate

each network device one at a time to determine the cause.

A. To connect to the Router, go to the web browser, and enter

http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router.

B. Enter the password, if asked. (The default password is admin.)

C. Click theAdvanced => Forwarding tab, and click the Port Trigger button.

D. Enter any name you want to use for the Application Name.

E. Enter the Triggered Port Range. Check with your Internet application

provider for more information on which outgoing port services it is using.

F. Enter the Incoming Port Range. Check with your Internet Application

provider for more information on which incoming port services are

required by the Internet application.

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I set up an Unreal Tournament Server, but others on the LAN cannot join. What do

I need to do? If you have a dedicated Unreal Tournament server running, you

need to create a static IP for each of the LAN computers and forward ports

7777, 7778, 7779, 7780, 7781, and 27900 to the IP address of the server. You

can also use a port forwarding range of 7777 ~ 27900. If you want to use the

UT Server Admin, forward another port (8080 usually works well but is used

for remote admin. You may have to disable this.), and then in the

[UWeb.WebServer] section of the server.ini file, set the ListenPort to 8080 (to

match the mapped port above) and ServerName to the IP assigned to the

Router from your ISP.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the maximum number of IP addresses that the Router will support? The

Router will support up to 253 IP addresses.

Is IPSec Pass-Through supported by the Router? Yes, it is a built-in feature that

the Router automatically enables.

Where is the Router installed on the network? In a typical environment, the

Router is installed between the cable/DSL modem and the LAN. Plug the

Router into the cable/DSL modem’s Ethernet port.

Can multiple gamers on the LAN get on one game server and play simultaneously

with just one public IP address? It depends on which network game or what

kind of game server you are using. For example, Unreal Tournament supports

multi-login with one public IP.

Does the Router support IPX or AppleTalk? No. TCP/IP is the only protocol stan-

dard for the Internet and has become the global standard for communications.

IPX, a NetWare communications protocol used only to route messages from

one node to another, and AppleTalk, a communications protocol used on

Apple and Macintosh networks, can be used for LAN to LAN connections,

but those protocols cannot connect from Internet to LAN.

How do I get Half-Life: Team Fortress to work with the Router? The default client

port for Half-Life is 27005. The computers on your LAN need to have

“+clientport 2700x” added to the HL shortcut command line; the x would be

6, 7, 8, and on up. This lets multiple computers connect to the same server.

One problem: Version 1.0.1.6 won’t let multiple computers with the same CD

key connect at the same time, even if on the same LAN (not a problem with

1.0.1.3). As far as hosting games, the HL server does not need to be in the

DMZ. Just forward port 27015 to the local IP address of the server comput-

er.

Does the Router’s Internet port support 100 Mbps Ethernet? Because of the speed

limitations of broadband Internet connections, the Router’s current hardware

design supports 10 Mbps Ethernet on its Internet port. It does, of course, sup-

port 100 Mbps over its LAN ports.

What is Network Address Translation and what is it used for? Network Address

Translation (NAT) translates multiple IP addresses on the private LAN to one

public address that is sent out to the Internet. This adds a level of security

since the address of a PC connected to the private LAN is never transmitted

on the Internet. Furthermore, NAT allows the Router to be used with low cost

Internet accounts, such as DSL or cable modems, when only one TCP/IP

address is provided by the ISP. The user may have many private addresses

behind this single address provided by the ISP.

The web page hangs; downloads are corrupt, or nothing but junk characters are

being displayed on the screen. What do I need to do? Force your Ethernet

adapter to 10Mbps or half duplex mode, and turn off the “Auto-negotiate”

feature of your Ethernet adapter as a temporary measure. (Please look at the

Network Control Panel in your Ethernet adapter’s Advanced Properties tab.)

Make sure that your proxy setting is disabled in the browser. Check our web-

site at www.linksys.com for more information.

Does the Router support any operating system other than Windows 98 SE,

Windows 2000, Windows NT, or Windows XP? Yes, but Network Everywhere

does not, at this time, provide technical support for setup, configuration or

troubleshooting of any non-Windows operating systems.

If all else fails in the installation, what can I do? Reset the Router by holding

down the reset button for about 30 seconds. Reset your cable or DSL modem

by powering the unit off and then on. Obtain and flash the latest firmware

release that is readily available on the Network Everywhere website,

www.networkeverywhere.com.

Does the Router support ICQ send file? Yes, with the following fix: click ICQ

menu -> preference -> connections tab->, and check I am behind a fire-

wall or proxy. Then set the firewall time-out to 80 seconds in the firewall set-

ting. The Internet user can then send a file to a user behind the Router.

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How will I be notified of new Router firmware upgrades? All Network

Everywhere firmware upgrades are posted on the Linksys website at

www.networkeverywhere.com, where they can be downloaded for free. The

Router’s firmware can be upgraded with TFTP programs. If the Router’s

Internet connection is working well, there is no need to download a newer

firmware version, unless that version contains new features that you would

like to use. Downloading a more current version of Router firmware will not

enhance the quality or speed of your Internet connection, and may disrupt

your current connection stability.

How many ports can be simultaneously forwarded? Theoretically, the Router can

establish 520 sessions at the same time, but you can only forward 10 ranges

of ports.

Does the Router replace a modem? Is there a cable or DSL modem in the Router?

No, this version of the Router must work in conjunction with a cable or DSL

modem.

Which modems are compatible with the Router? The Router is compatible with

virtually any cable or DSL modem that supports Ethernet.

Will the Router function in a Macintosh environment? Yes, but the Router’s setup

pages are accessible only through Internet Explorer 4.0 or Netscape

Navigator 4.0 or higher for Macintosh.

What are the advanced features of the Router? The Router’s advanced features

include IP Filtering, Port Range Forwarding, Dynamic Routing, Static

Routing, DMZ hosting, and MAC Address Cloning.

I am not able to get the web configuration screen for the Router. What can I do?

You may have to remove the proxy settings on your Internet browser, e.g.,

Netscape Navigator or Internet Explorer. Or remove the dial-up settings on

your browser. Check with your browser documentation, and make sure that

your browser is set to connect directly and that any dial-up is disabled. Make

sure that your browser is set to connect directly and that any dial-up is dis-

abled. For Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options, and then the

Connection tab. Make sure that Internet Explorer is set to Never dial a con-

nection. For Netscape Navigator, click Edit, Preferences, Advanced, and

Proxy. Make sure that Netscape Navigator is set to Direct connection to the

Internet.

What is the maximum number of VPN sessions allowed by the Router?

The maximum number depends on many factors. At least one IPSec session

will work through the Router; however, simultaneous IPSec sessions may be

possible, depending on the specifics of your VPNs.

How can I check whether I have static or DHCP IP Addresses? Consult your ISP

to obtain this information.

How do I get mIRC to work with the Router? Under the Port Range Forwarding

tab, set port forwarding to 113 for the PC on which you are using mIRC.

What is DMZ Hosting? Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) allows one IP address (com-

puter) to be exposed to the Internet. Some applications require multiple

TCP/IP ports to be open. It is recommended that you set your computer with

a static IP if you want to use DMZ Hosting. To get the LAN IP address, see

“Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet

Adapter.”

Can the Router act as my DHCP Server? Yes. The Router has DHCP Server soft-

ware built-in.

Can I run an application from a remote computer over the wireless network? This

will depend on whether or not the application is designed to be used over a

network. Consult the application’s documentation to determine if it supports

operation over a network.

If DMZ Hosting is used, does the exposed user share the public IP with the Router?

No.

What is the IEEE 802.11b standard? The IEEE 802.11b Wireless LAN standards

subcommittee formulates the standard for the industry. The objective is to

enable wireless LAN hardware from different manufacturers to communicate.

Does the Router pass PPTP packets or actively route PPTP sessions? The Router

allows PPTP packets to pass through.

Is the Router cross-platform compatible? Any platform that supports Ethernet

and TCP/IP is compatible with the Router.

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What IEEE 802.11 features are supported? The product supports the following

IEEE 802.11 functions:

• CSMA/CA plus Acknowledge protocol

• Multi-Channel Roaming

• Automatic Rate Selection

• RTS/CTS feature

bit to be transmitted. This bit pattern is called a chip (or chipping code). The

longer the chip, the greater the probability that the original data can be recov-

ered. Even if one or more bits in the chip are damaged during transmission,

statistical techniques embedded in the radio can recover the original data

without the need for retransmission. To an unintended receiver, DSSS appears

as low power wideband noise and is rejected (ignored) by most narrowband

receivers.

• Fragmentation

• Power Management

Would the information be intercepted while transmitting on air? WLAN features

two-fold protection in security. On the hardware side, as with Direct

Sequence Spread Spectrum technology, it has the inherent security feature of

scrambling. On the software side, the WLAN series offers the encryption

function (WEP) to enhance security and access control. Users can set it up

depending upon their needs.

What is BSS ID? A specific Ad-hoc LAN is called a Basic Service Set (BSS).

Computers in a BSS must be configured with the same BSS ID.

What is SSID? An Infrastructure configuration could also support roaming

capability for mobile workers. More than one BSS can be configured as an

Extended Service Set (ESS). Users within an ESS could roam freely between

BSSs while maintaining a continuous connection to the wireless network sta-

tions and Access Points.

What is WEP? WEP is Wired Equivalent Privacy, a data privacy mechanism

based on a 40/64 bit shared key algorithm, as described in the IEEE 802.11

standard.

What is ISM band? The FCC and their counterparts outside of the U.S. have set

aside bandwidth for unlicensed use in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific and

Medical) band. This presents a truly revolutionary opportunity to place con-

venient high speed wireless capabilities in the hands of users around the

globe.

What is a MAC Address? The Media Access Control (MAC) address is a unique

number assigned by the manufacturer to any Ethernet networking device,

such as a network adapter, that allows the network to identify it at the hard-

ware level. For all practical purposes, this number is usually permanent.

Unlike IP addresses, which can change every time a computer logs on to the

network, the MAC address of a device stays the same, making it a valuable

identifier for the network.

What is Spread Spectrum? Spread Spectrum technology is a wideband radio fre-

quency technique developed by the military for use in reliable, secure, mis-

sion-critical communications systems. It is designed to trade off bandwidth

efficiency for reliability, integrity, and security. In other words, more band-

width is consumed than in the case of narrowband transmission, but the trade-

off produces a signal that is, in effect, louder and thus easier to detect, pro-

vided that the receiver knows the parameters of the spread-spectrum signal

being broadcast. If a receiver is not tuned to the right frequency, a spread-

spectrum signal looks like background noise. There are two main variations,

Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread

Spectrum (FHSS).

If your questions are not addressed here,

refer to the Network Everywhere website,

www.networkeverywhere.com.

What is DSSS? What is FHSS? And what are their differences? Frequency

Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) uses a narrowband carrier that changes

frequency in a pattern that is known to both transmitter and receiver. Properly

synchronized, the net effect is to maintain a single logical channel. To an

unintended receiver, FHSS appears to be short-duration impulse noise. Direct

Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) generates a redundant bit pattern for each

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3. At the DOS command prompt, type “ping mail” (assuming that the loca-

tion for which you’re trying to find an IP address is configured as “mail”).

Press Enter. Information such as the following data, taken from a ping of

Microsoft Network’s e-mail server, will be displayed.

Appendix B: How to Ping Your

ISP’ s E-mail and Web Addresses

C:\>ping mail

Virtually all Internet addresses are configured with words or characters (i.e.,

www.networkeverywhere.com, www.yahoo.com, etc.) In actuality, however,

these Internet addresses are assigned to IP addresses, which are the true

addresses on the Internet.

Pinging mail [24.53.32.4] with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 24.53.32.4: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128

IP and web addresses, however, can sometimes be long and hard to remember.

Because of this, certain ISPs will shorten their server addresses to single words

or codes on their users’ web browser or e-mail configurations. If your ISP’s e-

mail and web server addresses are configured with single words (“www,” “e-

mail,” “home,” “pop3,” etc.) rather than whole Internet Addresses or IP

Addresses, the Router may have problems sending or receiving mail and

accessing the Internet. This happens because the Router has not been config-

ured by your ISP to accept their abbreviated server addresses.

Ping statistics for 24.53.32.4:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0%

loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

The solution is to determine the true web addresses behind your ISP’s code

words. You can determine the IP and web addresses of your ISP’s servers by

“pinging” them.

4. Write down the IP address returned by the ping command. (In the

example above: 24.53.32.4.) This IP address is the actual IP address of the

server “mail,” or any other word or value you have pinged.

Note: If you don’t have your ISP’s web and e-mail IP addresses, you must

either get them from your ISP or follow these steps prior to connecting the

Router to your network.

Step Two: Pinging for a Web Address

While the IP address returned above would work as your e-mail server address,

it may not be permanent. IP addresses change all the time. Web addresses, how-

ever, usually don’t. Because of this, you’re likely to have fewer problems by

configuring your system with web addresses rather than IP addresses. Follow

the instructions below to find the web address assigned to the IP address you

just pinged.

Step One: Pinging an IP Address

The first step to determining your ISP’s web and e-mail server address is to

ping its IP address.

1. Power on the computer and the cable or DSL modem, and restore the

network configuration set by your ISP if you have since changed it.

1. At the DOS command prompt, type “ping -a 24.53.32.4,” where

24.53.32.4 is the IP address you just pinged. Information such as the fol-

lowing data will be displayed.

2. Click Start, then Run, and type “command.” This will bring up the DOS

window.

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C:\>ping -a 24.53.32.4

Appendix C: Configuring

Wireless Security

Pinging mail.msnv3.occa.home.com [24.53.32.4] with

32 bytes of data:

Reply from 24.53.32.4: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=127

Note: WEP encryption is an additional data securi-

ty measure and not essential for router operation.

An acronym for Wired Equivalent Privacy, WEP is an encryption method used

to protect your wireless data communications. WEP uses a combination of 64-

bit or 128-bit keys to provide access control to your network and encryption

security for every data transmission. To decode a data transmission, each point

in a network must use an identical 64-bit or 128-bit key. Higher encryption lev-

els mean higher levels of security, but due to the complexity of the encryption,

they may mean decreased network performance.

Ping statistics for 24.53.32.4:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0%

loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

2. Write down the web address returned by the ping command (in the

example above: mail.msnv3.occa.home.com.). This web address is the web

address assigned to the IP address you just pinged. While the IP address of

“mail” could conceivably change, it is likely that this web address will not.

You may also have heard the term “40-bit” used in conjunction with WEP

encryption. This is simply another term for 64-bit WEP encryption. This level

of WEP encryption has been called 40-bit because it uses a 40-bit secret key

along with a 24-bit Initialization Vector (40 + 24 = 64). Wireless vendors may

use either name. Network Everywhere uses the term “64-bit” when referring

to this level of encryption.

3. Replace your ISP’s abbreviated server address with this extended web

address in the corresponding Internet application (web browser, e-mail

application, etc.).

Make sure your wireless network is functioning before attempting to configure

WEP encryption.

Once you have replaced the brief server address with the true server address,

the Router should have no problem accessing the Internet through that Internet

application.

A 128-bit WEP encrypted wireless network will NOT communicate with a 64-

bit WEP encrypted wireless network. Therefore, make sure that all of your

wireless devices are using the same encryption level. All wireless devices com-

plying with the 802.11b standard will support 64-bit WEP.

In addition to enabling WEP, Network Everywhere also recommends the fol-

lowing security implementations:

• Changing the SSID from the default “wireless”

• Changing the WEP key regularly

Note: In order for WEP Encryption to be enabled, wireless functions must

first be enabled. Select Enable under the Wireless section before proceeding.

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The following steps will show you how to utilize WEP encryption

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

•

WEP (64Bit or 128B) Select the level of encryption from the drop-down

box. 128-bit WEP encryption is unique to Network Everywhere and may

conflict with other vendors’ WEP encryption.

1. From the Web-based Utility’s Setup tab, select Mandatory under the WEP

section.

Note: In order to utilize WEP encryption, all points in your wireless

network must have WEP enabled and be set to the same Key Setting.

2. Press the WEP Key Setting button to set the WEP Encryption type and

level.

The WEP Encryption key is generated in one of two ways:

3. The screen dis-

played in Figure

C-1 may appear,

verifying that you

are enabling WEP

Encryption. Press

the OK button to

1. You may create an encryption key by using a Passphrase.

a. Enter a Passphrase, a user-defined password, into the Passphrase field.

The Passphrase can be a maximum of 31 letters, symbols, and numbers.

No spaces can be used.

continue.

b. Click the Generate button to create a key. The key will be 10 digits if

you chose 64-bit encryption, or 26 digits if you chose 128-bit encryption.

This key will be used to encrypt and decrypt the data being sent between

the Router and your network’s wireless PCs.

Figure C-1

4. This will display the screen shown in Figure C-2. From this screen, you will

choose your WEP Encryption settings.

The Key field may not display all digits. Using the mouse, click any-

where within the Key field. Move the cursor to the right to view the rest

of the Key. Make sure your write down the entire Key EXACTLY the

way it is displayed.

2. You may enter the encryption key manually.

Make a note of the Passphrase or Manual Key. You will need it for the other

wireless devices on the network, as the same WEP encryption key must be

entered in all wireless devices on the network.

Once you have chosen your key encryption method and entered either the

Passphrase or manual key, click the Apply button, and the encryption portion

of the setup is complete.

Note: In Windows XP, a 128-bit Key generated by the Router

will be called a "104 bits (26 digits)" key, and a 64-bit Key gen-

erated by the Router will be called a “40 bits (10 digits)” key.

Figure C-2

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Configuring Wireless Security in Windows XP

Wireless Cable/DSL Router

2. In the “Control Panel” window, click the Network and Internet

Connections icon, shown in Figure C-4.

As Windows XP does not allow for the use of the Network Everywhere

Passphrase feature with the wireless PC adapters, you will need to manually

enter the key generated in the previous section.

The following steps will help you enable WEP and enter the encryption key

manually for your wireless PC cards, in order to enable your Windows XP sys-

tem to communicate with the Router wirelessly.

These steps assume that your CD-ROM drive is letter D and that you are run-

ning Windows XP in the default mode.

Be sure you have the WEP Key generated by the Router.

Figure C-4

1. As shown in Figure C-3, click the Start button and go to the Control Panel.

3. Click the Network Connections icon, shown in Figure C-5.

Figure C-5

4. The “Network Connections” window will appear, as shown in Figure C-6.

Under LAN or High-Speed Internet you will see all Network cards that are

installed and operating in your computer. Double-click the Wireless

Network Connection icon associated with your wireless adapter.

Figure C-3

If the “Wireless Network Connection Status” window appears, continue to

the next step

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If a “Connect to Wireless Network” window appears, in the Available

Networks section, click the desired wireless network, specified by the

Router’s SSID. Then, double-click the Wireless Network Connection icon.

6. When the “Wireless

Network Connection

Properties”

window

appears, as in Figure C-

8, click the Wireless

Networks Tab.

Figure C-6

5. When the “Wireless Network Connection Status” window appears, as in

Figure C-8

Figure C-7, click the Properties button.

7. If the appropriate wire-

less network, specified

by the Router’s SSID, is

displayed

the

“Preferred networks”

section, as shown in

Figure C-9, double-

click it and continue to

the next step.

Otherwise, click on the

appropriate

wireless

network, specified by

the Router’s SSID, in

the “Available net-

works” section. Then,

click the Configure

button

Figure C-7

Figure C-9

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8. The “Wireless Network Properties” window (shown in Figure C-10) will

appear.

Appendix D: Finding the MAC

Address and IP Address for Your

Ethernet Adapter

Click the check box for the Data encryption (WEP enabled) option.

Remove the check from the Network Authentication (Shared mode) and

The key is provided for me automatically fields.

This section describes how to find the MAC address for your Ethernet adapter

to do either MAC Filtering or MAC Address Cloning for the Router and ISP.

You can also find the IP address of your computer’s Ethernet adapter. The IP

address is used for filtering, forwarding, and DMZ. Follow these steps to find

the MAC address or IP address for your adapter in Windows 98SE, ME, 2000,

and XP.

In the "Network key" field, enter the exact Key (all 10 or 26 digits, depend-

ing on the level of encryption) generated by the Router.

Verify that the “Key format” field displays “Hexadecimal digits” and that

the “Key length” field displays either “40 bits (10 digits)” or “104 bits (26

digits)”. If this is not displayed, you have entered the key incorrectly.

For Windows 98 SE and ME:

1. Click on Start and Run. In the Open field, enter winipcfg, as shown in

Figure D-1. Then press the Enter key or the OK button.

Figure D-1

2. When the IP Configuration window appears, as shown in Figure D-2, select

the Ethernet adapter you are using to connect to the Router via a CAT 5

Ethernet cable.

Figure C-10

Click the OK button to save the settings. Click on OK buttons until you

get back to the “Wireless Network Connection Status” window. Close any

open windows to get back to the Windows XP desktop.

Close any applications and reboot your PC. After reboot, WEP configuration

is complete and you should be able to connect wirelessly to the Router.

Figure D-2

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3. Write down the Adapter Address as shown on your computer screen (see

Figure D-3). This is the MAC address for your Ethernet adapter and will

be shown as a series of numbers and letters.

2. In the command prompt, enter ipconfig /all. Then press the Enter key.

The MAC address/Adapter Address is what you will use for MAC Address

Cloning or MAC Filtering.

Figure D-3

The example in Figure F-3 shows the IP address of your Ethernet adapter

as 192.168.1.100. Your computer may show something different.

Figure D-5

Note: The MAC address is also called the Adapter

Address.

3. Write down the Physical Address as shown on your computer screen; it is

the MAC address for your Ethernet adapter. This will appear as a series of

letters and numbers.

For Windows 2000 and XP:

The following steps show an alternative way of obtaining the MAC address and

IP address for your Ethernet adapter.

The MAC address/Physical Address is what you will use for MAC Address

Cloning or MAC Filtering.

Note: The MAC address is also called the Physical

Address.

1. Click on Start and Run. In the Open field, enter cmd, as shown in Figure

D-4. Press the Enter key or click the OK button.

The example in Figure D-5 shows the IP address of your Ethernet adapter

as 192.168.1.100. Your computer may show something different.

Figure D-4

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When entering the information using the Router’s web-based utility, you will

type the 12-digit MAC address in this format, XXXXXXXXXXXX without

the hyphens for MAC Filtering. See Figure D-6.

Appendix E: Glossary

10BaseT - An Ethernet standard that uses twisted wire pairs.

100BaseTX - IEEE physical layer specification for 100 Mbps over two pairs of

Category 5 cable.

Adapter - Printed circuit board that plugs into a PC to add to capabilities or

connectivity to a PC. In a networked environment, a network interface card is

the typical adapter that allows the PC or server to connect to the intranet and/or

Internet.

Auto-negotiate - To automatically determine the correct settings. The term is

often used with communications and networking. For example, Ethernet

10/100 cards and switches can determine the highest speed of the node they are

connected to and adjust their transmission rate accordingly.

Bandwidth - The transmission capacity of a given facility, in terms of how

much data the facility can transmit in a fixed amount of time; expressed in bits

per second (bps).

Figure D-6

Bit – A binary digit. The value—0 or 1—used in the binary numbering system.

Also, the smallest form of data.

When entering information for MAC Address Cloning, type the 12-digit MAC

Boot – To cause the computer to start executing instructions. Personal comput-

ers contain built-in instructions in a ROM chip that are automatically executed

on startup. These instructions search for the operating system, load it, and pass

control to it.

address (see Figure D-7).

Bridge - A device that interconnects different networks together.

Broadband - A data-transmission scheme in which multiple signals share the

bandwidth of a medium. This allows the transmission of voice, data, and video

signals over a single medium. Cable television uses broadband techniques to

deliver dozens of channels over one cable.

Browser - A browser is an application program that provides a way to look at

and interact with all the information on the World Wide Web or PC. The word

“browser” seems to have originated prior to the Web as a generic term for user

interfaces that let you browse text files online.

Cable Modem - A device that connects a computer to the cable television net-

work, which in turn connects to the Internet. Once connected, cable modem

users have a continuous connection to the Internet. Cable modems feature

Figure D-7

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asymmetric transfer rates: around 36 Mbps downstream (from the Internet to

the computer), and from 200 Kbps to 2 Mbps upstream (from the computer to

the Internet).

DHCP supports static addresses for computers containing Web servers that

need a permanent IP address.

DMZ - (DeMilitarized Zone) allows one IP address (or computer) to be

exposed to the Internet. Some applications require multiple TCP/IP ports to be

open. It is recommended that you set your computer with a static IP address if

you want to use DMZ Hosting.

CAT 5 - ANSI/EIA (American National Standards Institute/Electronic

Industries Association) Standard 568 is one of several standards that specify

“categories” (the singular is commonly referred to as “CAT”) of twisted pair

cabling systems (wires, junctions, and connectors) in terms of the data rates

that they can sustain. CAT 5 cable has a maximum throughput of 100 Mbps and

is usually utilized for 100BaseTX networks.

DNS - The Domain Name System (DNS) is the way that Internet domain

names are located and translated into Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. A

domain name is a meaningful and easy-to-remember “handle” for an Internet

address.

CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection) - The LAN

access method used in Ethernet. When a device wants to gain access to the net-

work, it checks to see if the network is quiet (senses the carrier). If it is not, it

waits a random amount of time before retrying. If the network is quiet and two

devices access the line at exactly the same time, their signals collide. When the

collision is detected, they both back off and each waits a random amount of

time before retrying.

Domain - A subnetwork comprised of a group of clients and servers under the

control of one security database. Dividing LANs into domains improves per-

formance and security.

Download - To receive a file transmitted over a network. In a communications

session, download means receive, and upload means transmit.

Data Packet - One frame in a packet-switched message. Most data communi-

cations is based on dividing the transmitted message into packets. For example,

an Ethernet packet can be from 64 to 1518 bytes in length.

Dynamic IP Address - An IP address that is automatically assigned to a client

station in a TCP/IP network, typically by a DHCP server. Network devices that

serve multiple users, such as servers and printers, are usually assigned static IP

addresses.

Default Gateway - The routing device used to forward all traffic that is not

addressed to a station within the local subnet.

Dynamic Routing - The ability for a router to forward data via a different route

based on the current conditions of the communications circuits. For example,

it can adjust for overloaded traffic or failing lines and is much more flexible

than static routing, which uses a fixed forwarding path.

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - A protocol that lets network

administrators centrally manage and automate the assignment of Internet

Protocol (IP) addresses in an organization's network. Using the Internet’s set of

protocol (TCP/IP), each machine that can connect to the Internet needs a

unique IP address. When an organization sets up its computer users with a con-

nection to the Internet, an IP address must be assigned to each machine.

Without DHCP, the IP address must be entered manually at each computer and,

if computers move to another location in another part of the network, a new IP

address must be entered. DHCP lets a network administrator supervise and dis-

tribute IP addresses from a central point and automatically sends a new IP

address when a computer is plugged into a different place in the network.

Ethernet - IEEE standard network protocol that specifies how data is placed

on and retrieved from a common transmission medium. Has a transfer rate of

10 Mbps. Forms the underlying transport vehicle used by several upper-level

protocols, including TCP/IP and XNS.

Firewall - A firewall is a set of related programs, located at a network gateway

server, that protects the resources of a network from users from other networks.

(The term also implies the security policy that is used with the programs.) An

enterprise with an intranet that allows its workers access to the wider Internet

installs a firewall to prevent outsiders from accessing its own private data

resources and for controlling what outside resources to which its own users

have access.

DHCP uses the concept of a “lease” or amount of time that a given IP address

will be valid for a computer. The lease time can vary depending on how long a

user is likely to require the Internet connection at a particular location. It’s espe-

cially useful in education and other environments where users change fre-

quently. Using very short leases, DHCP can dynamically reconfigure networks

in which there are more computers than there are available IP addresses.

Basically, a firewall, working closely with a router, examines each network

packet to determine whether to forward it toward its destination.

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Firmware - Code that is written onto read-only memory (ROM) or program-

mable read-only memory (PROM). Once firmware has been written onto the

ROM or PROM, it is retained even when the device is turned off.

ing the development and application of electrotechnology and allied sciences

for the benefit of humanity, the advancement of the profession, and the well-

being of our members.”

Fragmentation - Breaking a packet into smaller units when transmitting over

a network medium that cannot support the original size of the packet.

The IEEE fosters the development of standards that often become national and

international standards. The organization publishes a number of journals, has

many local chapters, and has several large societies in special areas, such as the

IEEE Computer Society.

FTP (File Transfer Protocol) - A protocol used to transfer files over a TCP/IP

network (Internet, UNIX, etc.). For example, after developing the HTML pages

for a website on a local machine, they are typically uploaded to the Web serv-

er using FTP.

IP Address - In the most widely installed level of the Internet Protocol (IP)

today, an IP address is a 32-binary digit number that identifies each sender or

receiver of information that is sent in packets across the Internet. When you

request an HTML page or send e-mail, the Internet Protocol part of TCP/IP

includes your IP address in the message (actually, in each of the packets if more

than one is required) and sends it to the IP address that is obtained by looking

up the domain name in the Uniform Resource Locator you requested or in the

e-mail address you're sending a note to. At the other end, the recipient can see

the IP address of the Web page requestor or the e-mail sender and can respond

by sending another message using the IP address it received.

FTP includes functions to log onto the network, list directories, and copy files.

It can also convert between the ASCII and EBCDIC character codes. FTP oper-

ations can be performed by typing commands at a command prompt or via an

FTP utility running under a graphical interface such as Windows. FTP transfers

can also be initiated from within a Web browser by entering the URL preceded

with ftp://.

Unlike e-mail programs in which graphics and program files have to be

“attached,” FTP is designed to handle binary files directly and does not add the

overhead of encoding and decoding the data.

IPCONFIG - A utility that provides for querying, defining and managing IP

addresses within a network. A commonly used utility, under Windows NT and

2000, for configuring networks with static IP addresses.

Full Duplex - The ability of a device or line to transmit data simultaneously in

both directions.

IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) - IPSec is a developing standard for securi-

ty at the network or packet processing layer of network communication. A big

advantage of IPSec is that security arrangements can be handled without

requiring changes to individual user computers.

Gateway – A device that interconnects networks with different, incompatible

communications protocols.

Half Duplex - Data transmission that can occur in two directions over a single

line, but only one direction at a time.

ISP - An ISP (Internet service provider) is a company that provides individuals

and companies access to the Internet and other related services such as website

building and virtual hosting.

Hardware - Hardware is the physical aspect of computers, telecommunica-

tions, and other information technology devices. The term arose as a way to dis-

tinguish the “box” and the electronic circuitry and components of a computer

from the program you put in it to make it do things. The program came to be

known as the software.

LAN - A local area network (LAN) is a group of computers and associated

devices that share a common communications line and typically share the

resources of a single processor or server within a small geographic area (for

example, within an office building).

HTTP (HyperText Transport Protocol) - The communications protocol used

to connect to servers on the World Wide Web. Its primary function is to estab-

lish a connection with a Web server and transmit HTML pages to the client

browser.

Latency - The time delay between when the first bit of a packet is received and

the last bit is forwarded.

MAC Address - The MAC (Media Access Control) address is a unique num-

ber assigned by the manufacturer to any Ethernet networking device, such as a

network adapter, that allows the network to identify it at the hardware level.

IEEE - The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. The IEEE

describes itself as “the world's largest technical professional society—promot-

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Mbps (MegaBits Per Second) - One million bits per second; unit of measure-

ment for data transmission.

RIP (Routing Information Protocol) - A simple routing protocol that is part of

the TCP/IP protocol suite. It determines a route based on the smallest hop count

between source and destination. RIP is a distance vector protocol that routine-

ly broadcasts routing information to its neighboring routers.

mIRC - mIRC runs under Windows and provides a graphical interface for log-

ging onto IRC servers and listing, joining, and leaving channels.

RJ-45 - A connector similar to a telephone connector that holds up to eight

NAT - NAT (Network Address Translation) is the translation of an Internet

Protocol address (IP address) used within one network to a different IP address

known within another network. One network is designated the inside network

and the other is the outside.

wires, used for connecting Ethernet devices.

Router - Protocol-dependent device that connects subnetworks together.

Routers are useful in breaking down a very large network into smaller subnet-

works; they introduce longer delays and typically have much lower throughput

rates than bridges.

Network - A system that transmits any combination of voice, video, and/or

data between users.

Server - Any computer whose function in a network is to provide user access

Packet Filtering - Discarding unwanted network traffic based on its originat-

to files, printing, communications, and other services.

ing address or range of addresses or its type (e-mail, file transfer, etc.).

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) - The standard e-mail protocol on the

Internet. It is a TCP/IP protocol that defines the message format and the mes-

sage transfer agent (MTA), which stores and forwards the mail.

Ping (Packet INternet Groper) - An Internet utility used to determine whether

a particular IP address is online. It is used to test and debug a network by send-

ing out a packet and waiting for a response.

SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) - A widely used network

monitoring and control protocol. Data is passed from SNMP agents, which are

hardware and/or software processes reporting activity in each network device

(switch, router, bridge, etc.) to the workstation console used to oversee the net-

work. The agents return information contained in a MIB (Management

Information Base), which is a data structure that defines what is obtainable

from the device and what can be controlled (turned off, on, etc.).

POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3) - A standard mail server commonly used on the

Internet. It provides a message store that holds incoming e-mail until users log

on and download it. POP3 is a simple system with little selectivity. All pending

messages and attachments are downloaded at the same time. POP3 uses the

SMTP messaging protocol.

Port - A pathway into and out of the computer or a network device such as a

switch or router. For example, the serial and parallel ports on a personal com-

puter are external sockets for plugging in communications lines, modems, and

printers.

Software - Instructions for the computer. A series of instructions that performs

a particular task is called a “program.” The two major categories of software are

“system software” and “application software.” System software is made up of

control programs such as the operating system and database management sys-

tem (DBMS). Application software is any program that processes data for the

user.

PPPoE (Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet) - PPPoE is a method for the

encapsulation of PPP packets over Ethernet frames from the user to the ISP

over the Internet. One reason PPPoE is preferred by ISPs is because it provides

authentication (username and password) in addition to data transport. A PPPoE

session can be initiated by either a client application residing on a PC, or by

client firmware residing on a modem or router.

A common misconception is that software is data. It is not. Software tells the

hardware how to process the data.

Static IP Address - A permanent IP address that is assigned to a node in a

TCP/IP network.

PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol) - A protocol which allows the Point

to Point Protocol (PPP) to be tunneled through an IP network. PPTP does not

specify any changes to the PPP protocol but rather describes a “tunneling serv-

ice” for carrying PPP (a tunneling service is any network service enabled by

tunneling protocols such as PPTP, L2F, L2TP, and IPSEC tunnel

Static Routing - Forwarding data in a network via a fixed path. Static routing

cannot adjust to changing line conditions as can dynamic routing.

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Subnet Mask - The method used for splitting IP networks into a series of sub-

groups, or subnets. The mask is a binary pattern that is matched up with the IP

address to turn part of the host ID address field into a field for subnets.

the actual delivery of the data (routing), UDP takes care of keeping track of the

individual units of data (called packets) that a message is divided into for effi-

cient delivery over the network. UDP is known as a “connection-less” protocol

due to NOT requiring the receiver of a packet to return an acknowledgment of

receipt to the sender of the packet (as opposed to TCP).

Switch – 1. A data switch connects computing devices to host computers,

allowing a large number of devices to share a limited number of ports. 2. A

device for making, breaking, or changing the connections in an electrical cir-

cuit.

Upgrade - To replace existing software or firmware with a newer version.

Upload - To send a file transmitted over a network. In a communications ses-

sion, upload means transmit, and download means receive.

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) - A method (protocol) used along with

the IP (Internet Protocol) to send data in the form of message units (datagram)

between network devices over a LAN or WAN. While IP takes care of handling

the actual delivery of the data (routing), TCP takes care of keeping track of the

individual units of data (called packets) that a message is divided into for effi-

cient delivery over the network. TCP is known as a “connection oriented” pro-

tocol due to requiring the receiver of a packet to return an acknowledgment of

receipt to the sender of the packet resulting in transmission control.

URL (Uniform Resource Locator) - The address that defines the route to a file

on the Web or any other Internet facility. URLs are typed into the browser to

access Web pages, and URLs are embedded within the pages themselves to pro-

vide the hypertext links to other pages.

WAN (Wide Area Network) - A communications network that covers a rela-

tively large geographic area, consisting of two or more LANs. Broadband com-

munication over the WAN is often through public networks such as the tele-

phone (DSL) or cable systems, or through leased lines or satellites. In its most

basic definition, the Internet could be considered a WAN.

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) - The basic com-

munication language or set of protocols for communications over a network

(developed specifically for the Internet). TCP/IP defines a suite or group of

protocols and not only TCP and IP.

WINIPCFG - Configuration utility based on the Win32 API for querying,

defining, and managing IP addresses within a network. A commonly used util-

ity for configuring networks with static IP addresses.

Telnet - A terminal emulation protocol commonly used on the Internet and

TCP/IP-based networks. It allows a user at a terminal or computer to log onto

a remote device and run a program.

Workgroup - Two or more individuals that share files and databases.

TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) - A version of the TCP/IP FTP protocol

that has no directory or password capability.

Throughput - The amount of data moved successfully from one place to anoth-

er in a given time period.

Topology - A network’s topology is a logical characterization of how the

devices on the network are connected and the distances between them. The

most common network devices include switches, routers, and gateways. Most

large networks contain several levels of interconnection, the most important of

which include edge connections, backbone connections, and wide-area con-

nections.

TX Rate – Transmission Rate.

UDP (User Datagram Protocol) - A method (protocol) used along with the IP

(Internet Protocol) to send data in the form of message units (datagram)

between network devices over a LAN or WAN. While IP takes care of handling

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Appendix F: Specifications

Appendix G: Warranty

Information

BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PURCHASE AND A BARCODE

FROM THE PRODUCT'S PACKAGING ON HAND WHEN CALLING.

RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OF

PURCHASE.

Standards

Ports

Buttons

802.11b, 802.3, 802.3u

Four 10/100 switch ports, One Internet Port

Uplink

Cabling Type

LED Indicators

Ethernet Category 5 or better 10/100

WLAN(Act, Link) Power, Ethernet(Link/Act,

Full/Col, 100), Internet(Link, Act, Diag)

TX:16 dBm (40mW). RX: 11Mbps (-78dBm),

2Mbps (-82dBm) Gain: 2dBi

Transmit Power

IN NO EVENT SHALL NETWORK EVERYWHERE’S LIABILITY

EXCEED THE PRICE PAID FOR THE PRODUCT FROM DIRECT, INDI-

RECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES

RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THE PRODUCT, ITS ACCOMPANYING

SOFTWARE, OR ITS DOCUMENTATION. NETWORK EVERYWHERE

DOES NOT OFFER REFUNDS FOR ANY PRODUCT.

UPnP able/cert

UPnP compatible

Security Features

MAC, IP, time and port filtering. DoS prevention.

Environmental

NETWORK EVERYWHERE OFFERS CROSS SHIPMENTS, A FASTER

PROCESS FOR PROCESSING AND RECEIVING YOUR REPLACEMENT.

NETWORK EVERYWHERE PAYS FOR UPS GROUND ONLY. ALL CUS-

TOMERS LOCATED OUTSIDE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

AND CANADA SHALL BE HELD RESPONSIBLE FOR SHIPPING AND

HANDLING CHARGES. PLEASE CALL NETWORK EVERYWHERE FOR

MORE DETAILS.

Dimensions

6.69" x 1.06" x 5.83"

(17 mm x 27 mm x 148 mm)

15 oz. (0.42 kg)

5V 2.0A

FCC, Wi-Fi

0°C to 55°C (32°F to 122°F)

-40°C to 70°C (-40°F to 158°F)

20% to 95%, Non-condensing

Unit Weight

Power

Certifications

Operating Temp.

Storage Temp.

Operating Humidity

Storage Humidity

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Appendix H: Contact Information

For help with the installation or operation of the Wireless Cable/DSL Router,

contact Network Everywhere Technical Support at one of the phone numbers

or Internet addresses below.

Technical Support

Fax

949-271-5470, M-F, 8:00 am to 5:00 pm (PST)

949-265-6655

Web site

[email protected]

http://www.NetworkEverywhere.com

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