Ferris Industries Lawn Mower 1000ZKAV21 48 User Guide

OPERATOR’S  
MANUAL  
1000Z Series  
Zero-Turn Riding Mower  
Model Number:  
1000ZKAV21/48  
1000ZKAV21/48CE  
1000ZKAV23/52  
1000ZKAV23/61  
1000ZK21/48  
1000ZK23/52  
1000ZK27/61  
22728  
Rev. No. 03  
Rev. Date: 9/2003  
TP 100-7006-03-1Z-F  
Ferris Industries  
5375 North Main Street  
Munnsville, NY 13409  
800-933-6175  
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Table of Contents  
Troubleshooting, Adjustments & Service.......22  
Troubleshooting the Tractor...................................22  
Troubleshooting the Mower...................................23  
Seat Adjustment....................................................24  
Ground Speed Control Lever Adjustment.............24  
Speed Balancing Adjustment................................24  
Parking Brake Adjustment ....................................25  
PTO Clutch Adjustment ........................................26  
Blade Brake Check ...............................................26  
Neutral Adjustment ...............................................27  
Neutral Position & Return Spring Adjustment.......27  
Cutting Height Adjustment....................................28  
Deck Leveling Adjustment.....................................28  
Hydraulic Pump Drive Belt Replacement..............29  
Mower Belt Replacement......................................29  
Battery Service .....................................................30  
Checking the Battery Voltage ............................30  
Charging A Completely Discharged Battery......30  
Jump Starting with  
Identification Numbers .......................................2  
Safety Rules & Information ................................3  
Features & Controls............................................8  
Control Functions....................................................8  
Safety Interlock System ..........................................9  
Operating the Tractor ........................................10  
General .................................................................10  
Checks Before Starting.........................................10  
Starting the Engine ...............................................11  
Stopping the Rider................................................11  
Mowing..................................................................11  
Pushing the Rider by Hand...................................11  
Zero Turn Driving Practice ....................................12  
Storage..................................................................14  
Starting After Long Term Storage .........................14  
Regular Maintenance ........................................16  
Maintenance Schedule .........................................16  
Checking Tire Pressures.......................................16  
Checking/Adding Fuel...........................................17  
Fuel Filter..............................................................17  
Oil & Filter Change ...............................................17  
Check / Change Air FIlter .....................................17  
Check Hydraulic Oil Level.....................................17  
Lubrication ............................................................18  
Battery Maintenance.............................................20  
Checking Battery Fluid ......................................20  
Cleaning the Battery and Cables.......................20  
Servicing the Mower Blades .................................21  
Auxiliary (Booster) Battery .............................30  
Lawn Care & Mowing Information ...............LC-1  
NOTE: In this manual, “left” and “right” are referred to as  
seen from the operating position.  
WARNING  
WARNING  
Engine exhaust from this product contains  
chemicals known, in certain quantities, to cause  
cancer, birth defects, or other reproductive harm.  
You must read, understand and comply with all safety  
and operating instructions in this manual before  
attempting to set-up and operate your machine.  
Failure to comply with all safety and operating  
instructions can result in loss of machine control,  
serious personal injury to you and / or bystanders,  
and risk of equipment and property damage. The  
triangle in the text signifies important cautions or  
warnings which must be followed.  
© Copyright 2003 Ferris Industries  
All Rights Reserved. Printed in USA.  
TP 100-7006-03-1Z-F  
1
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Identification  
Numbers  
IDENTIFICATION TAG LOCATIONS  
When contacting your  
Authorized Dealer for  
replacement parts, service,  
or information YOU MUST  
HAVE THESE NUMBERS.  
Tractor  
identification tag  
North American Models  
CE Models  
MODEL NO. SERIAL NO.  
DATE  
MASS (kg) POWER (kW)  
FERRIS INDUSTTRIESS,, INC.  
MUNNSVILLE, NY 13409  
MADE IN TTHE USA  
IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS  
Record your model name, unit and mower deck serial  
numbers and engine serial number in the space provid-  
ed for easy reference.  
PRODUCT REFERENCE DATA  
Model Description Name  
Unit MODEL Number  
Unit SERIAL Number  
• The Tractor I.D. tag is located on the inside of the  
main frame rail, behind the deck height plate.  
• For location of Engine Serial Number, refer to the  
Engine Owner’s Manual.  
Mower Deck MODEL Number  
Mower Deck SERIAL Number  
N/A  
N/A  
Date Purchased  
Dealer Name  
ENGINE REFERENCE DATA  
Be sure to fill out and return the Warranty Registration  
Card supplied with your unit.  
Engine Make/Model  
Engine ID/Serial Number  
2
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Safety Rules  
& Information  
Read these safety rules and follow them closely. Failure to obey these rules could result in loss of con-  
trol of unit, severe personal injury or death to you, or bystanders, or damage to property or equipment.  
This mowing deck is capable of amputating hands and feet and throwing objects. The triangle in  
text signifies important cautions or warnings which must be followed.  
• The owner/user can prevent and is responsible for  
accidents or injuries occurring to themselves, other  
people or property.  
TRAINING  
• Read, understand, and follow all instructions in the  
manual and on the unit before starting. If the opera-  
tor(s) or mechanic(s) can not read English it is the  
owner’s responsibility to explain this material to them.  
• Data indicates that operators, age 60 years and  
above, are involved in a large percentage of riding  
mower-related injuries. These operators should eval-  
uate their ability to operate the riding mower safely  
enough to protect themselves and others from seri-  
ous injury.  
• Become familiar with the safe operation of the equip-  
ment, operator controls, and safety signs.  
• All operators and mechanics should be trained. The  
owner is responsible for training the users.  
• Only allow responsible adults, who are familiar with  
the instructions, to operate the unit.  
• Never let children or untrained people operate or  
service the equipment. Local regulations may  
restrict the age of the operator.  
PREPARATION  
• Evaluate the terrain to determine what accessories  
and attachments are needed to properly and safely  
perform the job. Use only accessories and attach-  
ments approved by the manufacturer.  
• Wear appropriate clothing including safety shoes,  
safety glasses and ear protection. Long hair, loose  
clothing or jewelry may get tangled in moving parts.  
• Inspect the area where the equipment is to be used  
and remove all objects such as rocks, toys and wire,  
which can be thrown by the machine.  
• Use extra care when handling gasoline and other  
fuels. They are flammable and vapors are explosive.  
a) Use only an approved container.  
b) Never remove fuel cap or add fuel with the engine  
running. Allow engine to cool before refueling. Do  
not smoke.  
c) Never refuel or drain the machine indoors.  
• Check that operator’s presence controls, safety  
switches and shields are attached and functioning  
properly. Do not operate unless they are functioning  
properly.  
TP 600-7124-00-UV-FD  
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Safety Rules & Information  
• Never operate with guards not securely in place. Be  
sure all interlocks are attached, adjusted properly  
and functioning properly.  
• Never operate with the discharge deflector raised,  
removed or altered, unless using a grass catcher.  
OPERATION  
• Never run an engine in an enclosed area.  
• Mow only in the daylight or with good artificial light,  
keeping away from holes and hidden hazards.  
• Be sure all drives are in neutral and parking brake is  
engaged before starting engine. Only start engine  
from the operator’s position. Use seat belts if provid-  
ed.  
• Be sure of your footing while using pedestrian con-  
trolled equipment, especially when backing up. Walk,  
don’t run. Reduced footing could cause slipping.  
• Do not change the engine governor setting or over-  
speed the engine.  
• Stop on level ground, lower implements, disengage  
drives, engage parking brake, shut off engine before  
leaving the operator’s position for any reason includ-  
ing emptying the grass catchers or unclogging the  
chute.  
• Slow down and use extra care on hillsides. Be sure  
to travel in the recommended direction on hillsides.  
Turf conditions can affect the machines stability. USe  
caution when operating near drop-offs.  
• Do not mow in reverse unless absolutely necessary.  
Always look down and behind before and while trav-  
eling in reverse.  
• Be aware of the mower discharge direction and do  
not point it at anyone. Do not operate the mower  
without either the entire grass catcher or the deflec-  
tor in place.  
• Slow down and use caution when making turns and  
when changing directions on slopes.  
• Never raise deck with the blades running.  
• Never leave a running unit unattended. Always disen-  
gage the PTO, set parking brake, stop engine, and  
remove keys before dismounting. Keep hands and  
feet away from the cutting units.  
• Stop equipment and inspect blades after striking  
objects or abnormal vibration occurs. Make neces-  
sary repairs before resuming operations.  
• Keep hands and feet away from the cutting units.  
• Look behind and down before backing up to be sure  
of a clear path.  
• Never carry passengers and keep pets and  
bystanders away.  
• Do not operate the unit while under the influence of  
alcohol or drugs.  
• Slow down and use caution when making turns and  
crossing roads and sidewalks. Stop blades if not  
mowing.  
• Use care when loading or unloading the machine  
into a trailer or truck.  
• Use care when approaching blind corners, shrubs,  
trees or other objects that may obscure vision.  
Turn off the PTO switch to disengage the blades  
when not mowing.  
SLOPE OPERATION  
WARNING  
Slopes are a major factor related to loss-of-control and  
tip-over accidents, which can result in severe injury or  
death. All slopes require extra caution. If you cannot  
back up the slope or if you feel uneasy on it, do not drive  
on it.  
Never operate on slopes greater than 20°  
(36.4 percent) which is a rise of 7-1/4 feet (220 cm)  
vertically in 20 feet (607 cm) horizontally.  
Select slow ground speed before driving onto slope.  
In addition to front and rear weights, use extra caution  
when operating on slopes with rear-mounted grass  
catcher.  
Do  
• Mow up and down slopes, not across.  
• Remove obstacles such as rocks, tree limbs, etc.  
Mow UP and DOWN the slope, never across the face,  
use caution when changing directions and DO NOT  
START OR STOP ON SLOPE.  
• Watch for holes, ruts, or bumps. Uneven terrain  
could overturn the unit. Tall grass can hide obsta-  
cles.  
• Use slow speed. Choose a slow speed so that you  
will not have to stop or change speed while on the  
slope.  
• Use extra care with grass catchers or other attach-  
ments. These can change the stability of the unit.  
• Keep all movement on the slopes slow and gradual.  
Do not make sudden changes in speed or direction.  
• See your authorized dealer for recommendations of  
available weights to improve stability.  
Do not turn on slopes unless necessary, and then,  
turn slowly and gradually downhill, if possible.  
Do not mow near drop-offs, ditches, or embank-  
ments. The operator could lose footing or balance or  
mower could suddenly turn over if a wheel is over  
the edge of a cliff or ditch, or if an edge caves in.  
Do not mow on wet grass. Reduced footing or trac-  
tion could cause sliding.  
Do not try to stabilize the unit by putting your foot on  
the ground.  
Do not mow excessively steep slopes.  
Do Not  
Do not start or stop on a slope. If tires lose traction,  
disengage the blade(s) and proceed slowly straight  
down the slope.  
Do not use grass catcher on steep slopes.  
TP 600-7124-00-UV-FD  
4
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Safety Rules & Information  
CHILDREN  
EMISSIONS  
Tragic accidents can occur if the operator is not alert to  
the presence of children. Children are often attracted to  
the unit and the mowing activity. Never assume that chil-  
dren will remain where you last saw them.  
• Engine exhaust from this product contains chemicals  
known, in certain quantities, to cause cancer, birth  
defects, or other reproductive harm.  
• Look for the relevant Emissions Durability Period and  
Air Index information on the engine emissions label.  
• Keep children out of the mowing area and under the  
watchful care of another responsible adult.  
• Be alert and turn unit off if children enter the area.  
• Before and during reverse operation, look behind and  
down for small children.  
• Never carry children. They may fall off and be seri-  
ously injured or interfere with safe unit operation.  
• Never allow children to operate the unit.  
• Use extra care when approaching blind corners,  
shrubs, trees, or other objects that may obscure  
vision.  
• Carefully release pressure from components with  
stored energy. (eg. springs)  
MAINTENANCE AND STORAGE  
• Always observe safe refueling and fuel handling  
practices when refueling the unit after transportation  
or storage.  
• Disconnect battery or remove spark plug wire before  
making any repairs. Disconnect the negative termi-  
nal first and the positive last. Reconnect positive first  
and negative last.  
• Always follow the engine manual instructions for stor-  
age preparations before storing the unit for both  
short and long term periods.  
• Use care when checking blades. Wrap the blade(s)  
or wear gloves, and use caution when servicing  
them. Only replace blades. Never straighten or weld  
them.  
• Always follow the engine manual instructions for  
proper start-up procedures when returning the unit to  
service.  
• Never store the machine or fuel container inside  
where there is an open flame, such as in a water  
heater. Allow unit to cool before storing.  
• Keep hands and feet away from moving parts.  
• Charge batteries in an open well ventilated area,  
away from spark and flames. Unplug charger before  
connecting or disconnecting from battery. Wear pro-  
tective clothes and use insulated tools.  
• Shut off fuel while storing or transporting. Do not  
store fuel near flames or drain indoors.  
• Keep all hardware, especially blade attachment bolts,  
tight and keep all parts in good working condition.  
Replace all worn or damaged decals.  
• Never tamper with safety devices. Check their prop-  
er operation regularly.  
• Disengage drives, lower implement, set parking  
brake, stop engine and remove key or disconnect  
spark plug wire. Wait for all movement to stop before  
adjusting, cleaning or repairing.  
• Clean grass and debris from cutting units, drives,  
mufflers, and engine to prevent fires. Clean up oil or  
fuel spillage.  
• Keep all parts in good working condition and all  
hardware tightened. Replace all worn or damaged  
decals.  
• Grass catcher components are subject to wear, dam-  
age, and deterioration, which could expose moving  
parts or allow objects to be thrown. Frequently  
check components and replace with manufacturer’s  
recommended parts, when necessary.  
• Check brake operation frequently. Adjust and service  
as required.  
• Use only factory authorized replacement parts when  
making repairs.  
• Let engine cool before storing and do not store near  
flame.  
• Always comply with factory specifications on all set-  
tings and adjustments.  
• Stop and inspect the equipment if you strike an  
object. Repair, if necessary, before restarting.  
• Only authorized service locations should be utilized  
for major service and repair requirements.  
• Never make adjustments or repairs with the engine  
running unless specified otherwise.  
• Never attempt to make major repairs on this unit  
unless you have been properly trained. Improper  
service procedures can result in hazardous opera-  
tion, equipment damage and voiding of manufactur-  
er’s warranty.  
• Park machine on level ground. Never allow untrained  
personnel to service machine.  
• Use jack stands to support components when  
required.  
TP 600-7124-00-UV-FD  
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Safety Rules & Information  
WARNING  
WARNING  
Hydraulic fluid escaping under pressure may  
have sufficient force to penetrate skin and cause  
serious injury.  
STORED ENERGY DEVICE: Improper release of  
springs can result in serious personal injury.  
Spring should be removed by an authorized dealer  
only.  
If foreign fluid is injected into the skin it must be  
surgically removed within a few hours by a doctor  
familiar with this form of injury or gangrene may  
result.  
WARNING  
Keep body and hands away from pin holes or nozzles  
that eject hydraulic fluid under high pressure. Use  
paper or cardboard and not hands to search for leaks.  
STORED ENERGY DEVICE: Engine Radiator  
(Water-Cooled Models Only)  
To prevent serious bodily injury from hot coolant or  
steam blow-out, never attempt to remove the radiator  
cap while the engine is running. Stop the engine and  
wait until it is cool. Even then, use extreme care  
when removing cap.  
Make sure all hydraulic fluid connections are tight and  
all hydraulic hoses and lines are in good condition  
before applying pressure to the system.  
If leaks occur, have the unit serviced immediately by  
your authorized dealer.  
TP 600-7124-00-UV-FD  
6
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Safety Decals  
GENERAL  
This unit has been designed and manufactured to pro-  
vide you with the safety and reliability you would expect  
from an industry leader in outdoor power equipment  
manufacturing.  
All DANGER, WARNING, CAUTION and instructional  
messages on your rider and mower should be carefully  
read and obeyed. Personal bodily injury can result when  
these instructions are not followed. The information is for  
your safety and it is important! The safety decals below  
are on your rider and mower.  
Although reading this manual and the safety instructions  
it contains will provide you with the necessary basic  
knowledge to operate this equipment safely and effec-  
tively, we have placed several safety labels on the unit to  
remind you of this important information while you are  
operating your unit.  
If any of these decals are lost or damaged, replace them  
at once. See your local dealer for replacements.  
These labels are easily applied and will act as a con-  
stant visual reminder to you, and others who may use  
the equipment, to follow the safety instructions neces-  
sary for safe, effective operation.  
OPERATION  
WARNING  
DANGER  
To Start Engine:  
To Operate PTO Clutch:  
Seat must be occupied, PTO  
Switch OFF, Parking Brake ON  
and both control handles are  
locked in Neutral.  
AVOID SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH  
AVOID SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH  
Operator must be in seat.  
Pull up to Engage.  
Push down to Disengage.  
READ OPERATOR'S MANUAL.  
DO NOT ALLOW OPERATION OF MACHINERY BY UNTRAINED  
PERSONNEL.  
KEEP SAFETY DEVICES (GUARDS, SHIELDS, & SWITCHES) IN  
PLACE AND WORKING.  
DO NOT MOW WHEN CHILDREN OR OTHERS ARE AROUND.  
WHEN LEAVING MACHINE, SHUT OFF ENGINE, REMOVE KEY AND  
SET PARKING BRAKE.  
THROWN OBJECTS AND BLADE CONTACT CAN CAUSE SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH.  
BE SURE BLADES AND ENGINE ARE STOPPED BEFORE PLACING HANDS OR FEET NEAR BLADES.  
DISENGAGE PTO, ENGAGE PARKING BRAKE, SHUT OFF ENGINE AND REMOVE KEY BEFORE MAKING ADJUSTMENTS,  
SERVICING, CLEANING OR LEAVING THE MACHINE.  
When Operator Leaves Seat:  
Engine will shut off if PTO is on.  
Engine will shut off of Parking Brake  
is off.  
Engine will shut off if both control  
levers are not locked in neutral.  
To Stop Engine:  
OPERATING ON SLOPES CAN BE DANGEROUS  
IF YOU CANNOT BACK UP A HILL, DO NOT OPERATE ON IT.  
AVOID SUDDEN TURNS.  
AVOID CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING  
DO NOT OPERATE THE ENGINE IN UNVENTILATED AREA.  
Engage Parking Brake, Throttle at  
half to full, turn Ignition Switch Off.  
DO NOT MOW SLOPES IF GRASS IS WET.  
IF MACHINE LOSES TRACTION ON A SLOPE, STOP THE  
BLADES AND PROCEED SLOWLY DOWN THE SLOPE.  
Before Leaving Machine:  
Turn PTO switch off, shut off engine,  
remove key, and set Parking  
Brake  
47171  
Decal - Warning/Danger  
Part No. 47171  
GROUND SPEED AND  
STEERING LEVERS  
Right lever controls speed  
and direction of right drive  
wheel. Notch is neutral  
lock.  
Left lever controls speed and  
direction of left drive wheel.  
Notch is neutral lock.  
Steer by slowing the lever in  
the direction of the turn.  
PARKING BRAKE  
LEVER  
Pull to set Parking Brake.  
Push to release Parking  
Brake.  
DECK LIFT PEDAL  
Push to raise deck.  
CUTTING HEIGHT  
ADJUSTMENT PIN  
DO NOT TOW!  
Damage may result to  
HydrostaticTransmission.  
Decal - Danger  
Part No. 1704276  
Decal - Danger  
Part No. 1704277  
Decal - Operation & Controls  
Part No. 45559  
DANGER  
ROTATING PARTS UNDER ENGINE.  
KEEP HANDS AND FEET CLEAR.  
STOP ENGINE BEFORE SERVICING.  
Decal - Danger  
Part No. 22143  
Decal - Caution  
Part No. 46481  
00  
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Features & Controls  
of the Zero Turn Rider  
Please take a moment and familiarize  
yourself with the name, location, and  
function of these controls so that you  
A
will better understand the safety and  
operating instructions provided in this  
manual.  
A
B
C
E
H
J
D
K
I
F
G
Figure 1. Control Locations  
CONTROL FUNCTIONS  
The information below briefly describes the function of individual controls. Starting, stopping, driving, and mowing  
require the combined use of several controls applied in specific sequences. To learn what combination and sequence  
of controls to use for various tasks see the OPERATION section.  
A. Ground Speed Control Levers  
B. Seat Adjustment Lever  
These levers control the ground speed of the rider. The  
left lever controls the left rear drive wheel and the right  
controls the right rear drive wheel.  
The seat can be adjusted forward and back. Move the  
lever forward, position the seat as desired, and release  
the lever to lock the seat in position.  
Moving a lever forward increases the FORWARD speed  
of the associated wheel, and pulling back on a lever  
increases the REVERSE speed.  
C. Ignition Switch  
The ignition switch starts and stops the engine, it has  
three positions:  
Note: The further a lever is moved away from the neutral  
position the faster the drive wheel will turn.  
OFF  
Stops the engine and shuts off the  
electrical system.  
See the Operating the Zero Turn Rider section for steer-  
ing instructions.  
RUN  
Allows the engine to run and powers the  
electrical system.  
START Cranks the engine for starting.  
NOTE: Never leave the ignition switch in the RUN posi-  
tion with the engine stopped–this drains the battery.  
8
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Features & Controls  
D. Parking Brake Handle  
SAFETY INTERLOCK  
The parking brake is applied by pulling UP on the park-  
ing brake handle until it locks over-center. To release  
the parking brake, push the handle DOWN.  
SYSTEM  
This unit is equipped with safety interlock switches.  
These safety systems are present for your safety, do not  
attempt to bypass safety switches, and never tamper  
with safety devices. Check their operation regularly.  
E. PTO Switch  
The PTO (Power Take Off) switch engages and disen-  
gages the mower. Pull UP on the switch to engage, and  
push DOWN to disengage.  
Operational SAFETY Checks  
Test 1 — Engine should NOT crank if:  
F & G. Deck Lift Pedal & Cutting Height  
Adjustment Pin  
• PTO switch is engaged, OR  
• Parking brake is not engaged, OR  
These control the cutting height of the mower deck.  
• Motion control handles are not in the NEUTRAL  
position, OR  
Depress the pedal until it locks into the TRANSPORT  
position. Place the adjustment pin in the desired cutting  
height and release the lift pedal.  
• Operator is not on the seat.  
Test 2 — Engine SHOULD crank if:  
H. Throttle Control  
• PTO switch is NOT engaged, AND  
• Parking brake is engaged, AND  
The throttle controls engine speed. Move the throttle for-  
ward to increase engine speed and back to decrease  
engine speed. Always operate at FULL throttle.  
• Motion control handles are locked in the NEUTRAL  
position, AND  
• Operator is on the seat.  
I. Choke  
Test 3 — Engine should SHUT OFF if:  
Close the choke for cold starting. Open the choke once  
the engine starts. A warm engine may not require chok-  
ing. Pull the knob up to close the choke.  
• Operator rises off seat with PTO engaged, OR  
• Operator rises off seat with parking brake disen-  
gaged.  
J. Hour Meter  
• Operator moves motion control handles inward  
before disengaging parking brake.  
Measures the time of the PTO being engaged.  
Test 4 — Blade Brake Check  
K. Fuel Shut Off Valve  
Mower blades and mower drive belt should come to a  
complete stop within five seconds after electric PTO  
switch is turned off (or operator rises off seat). If mower  
drive belt does not stop within five seconds, see your  
dealer.  
Turning the handle to the desired position determines  
which tank will be supplying fuel. With the handle point-  
ing towards the front, it will draw fuel from the left-hand  
tank. With the handle pointed towards the rear, it will  
draw fuel from the right-hand fuel tank. With the handle  
pointing towards the right, it will shut off fuel flow to the  
engine.  
NOTE: Once the engine has stopped, PTO switch must  
be turned off, parking brake must be engaged, and the  
motion control handles must be locked in the NEUTRAL  
position after the operator returns to the seat in order to  
start the engine.  
WARNING  
If the unit does not pass a safety test, do not  
operate it. See your authorized dealer. Under no  
circumstance should you attempt to defeat the  
purpose of the safety interlock system.  
03  
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Operating  
the Zero Turn Rider  
GENERAL OPERATING SAFETY  
CHECKS BEFORE STARTING  
Before first time operation:  
• Check that crankcase is filled to full mark on dipstick.  
See the engine Operator’s Manual for instructions  
and oil recommendations.  
• Be sure to read all information in the Safety and  
Operation sections before attempting to operate this  
tractor and mower.  
• Make sure all nuts, bolts, screws and pins are in  
place and tight.  
• Become familiar with all of the controls and how to  
stop the unit.  
• Adjust the seat position, and make certain you can  
reach all controls from operator’s position.  
• Drive in an open area without mowing to become  
accustomed to the unit.brake pedal or set the park-  
ing brake.  
• Fill the fuel tank with fresh fuel. Refer to engine man-  
ual for fuel recommendations.  
WARNING  
B
A
C
Never allow passengers to ride on the unit.  
Before leaving the operator’s position for any  
reason, engage the parking brake, disengage the  
PTO, stop the engine and remove the key.  
To reduce fire hazard, keep the engine, tractor and  
mower free of grass, leaves and excess grease.  
Do not stop or park tractor over dry leaves, grass  
or combustible materials.  
Gasoline is highly flammable and must be  
handled with care. Never fill the tank when the  
engine is still hot from recent operation. Do not  
allow open flame, smoking or matches in the area.  
Avoid over-filling and wipe up any spills.  
Figure 2. Pre-start Checks  
A. Fuel Tank Filler Neck  
B. Crankcase Oil Fill  
C. Seat Adjustment Lever  
DANGER  
OPERATING ON SLOPES CAN BE  
DANGEROUS  
Never operate on slopes greater than 30 percent  
(16.7°) which is a rise of three feet vertically in 10  
feet horizontally.  
Operate the unit at a slow ground speed when  
driving onto slope.  
Use extra caution when operating on slopes with  
rear-mounted grass catcher. Mow UP and DOWN  
the slope, never across the face, use caution  
when changing directions and DO NOT START OR  
STOP ON SLOPE.  
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Operating the Zero Turn Rider  
MOWING  
WARNING  
1. Engage the parking brake. Make sure the PTO  
switch is disengaged, the motion control handles are  
locked in the NEUTRAL position and the operator is  
on the seat.  
If you do not understand how a specific control  
functions, or have not yet thoroughly read the  
FEATURES & CONTROLS section, do so now.  
Do NOT attempt to operate the tractor without  
first becoming familiar with the location and  
function of ALL controls.  
2. Start the engine (see STARTING THE ENGINE).  
3. Set the mower cutting height.  
4. Set the throttle to FULL.  
5. Engage the PTO by pulling up on the PTO switch (E,  
Figure 1).  
6. Begin mowing. See Section C for tips on mowing  
patterns, lawn care, and trouble shooting information.  
STARTING THE ENGINE  
1. While sitting in the operator’s seat, engage the park-  
ing brake and make sure the PTO switch is disen-  
gaged and the motion control handles are locked in  
the NEUTRAL position.  
7. When finished, shut off the PTO.  
8. Stop the engine (see STOPPING THE TRACTOR  
AND ENGINE).  
2. NOTE: A warm engine may not require choking.  
PUSHING THE RIDER BY HAND  
Set the engine throttle control (H, Figure 1) to FAST  
throttle position. Then fully close the choke (I, Figure  
1) by pulling the knob OUT fully.  
DO NOT TOW RIDER  
Towing the unit will cause hydraulic pump  
and wheel motor damage. Do not use  
another vehicle to push or pull this unit.  
3. Insert the key into the ignition switch (K, Figure 1)  
and turn it to START.  
4. After the engine starts, gradually open the choke  
(push knob down fully).  
1. Disengage the PTO, engage the parking brake, turn  
the ignition OFF, and remove the key.  
Warm up the engine by running it for at least a minute  
before engaging the PTO switch or driving the rider.  
2. Lift the seat plate to gain access to the battery com-  
partment and hydraulic pumps.  
3. To disengage the pumps (free-wheel position), turn  
the hydraulic release valves (A, Figure 3) located on  
the pumps COUNTER-CLOCKWISE a maximum of  
2 full turns.  
5. After warming the engine, ALWAYS operate the  
unit at FULL THROTTLE when mowing.  
In the event of an emergency the engine can be  
stopped by simply turning the ignition switch to  
STOP. Use this method only in emergency situations.  
For normal engine shut down follow the procedure given  
in STOPPING THE RIDER.  
4. Disengage the parking brake.  
The tractor can now be pushed by hand.  
5. After moving the tractor, re-engage the pumps (drive  
position) by turning the release valves CLOCKWISE  
and tighten to 80-120 in. lbs. of torque.  
STOPPING THE RIDER  
1. Returning the ground speed control levers (A, Figure  
1) to the middle position will stop tractor movement.  
Pivot the levers outward and lock them in NEUTRAL.  
2. Disengage the PTO by pushing down on the PTO  
switch (E, Figure 1).  
3. Engage the parking brake by pulling the handle (D,  
Figure 1) up until it locks into position.  
4. Move the throttle control (H, Figure 1) to mid-throttle  
position and turn the ignition key to OFF Remove  
the key.  
A
Figure 3. Hydraulic System By-Pass  
A. Hydraulic Release Valve  
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Operating the Zero Turn Rider  
Smooth Travel  
ZERO TURN  
The lever controls of the  
Zero Turn rider are  
responsive .  
DRIVING PRACTICE  
The lever controls of the Zero Turn rider are responsive,  
and learning to gain a smooth and efficient control of the  
rider’s forward, reverse, and turning movements will take  
some practice.  
The BEST method of  
handling the ground  
speed control levers is in  
three steps — as shown  
in Figure 4.  
Spending some time going through the maneuvers  
shown and becoming familiar with how the unit acceler-  
ates, travels, and steers — before you begin mowing —  
is absolutely essential to getting the most out of the Zero  
Turn rider.  
FIRST place your hands  
onto the levers as shown.  
SECOND, to go forward  
gradually push the levers  
forward with your palms.  
Locate a smooth, flat area of your lawn — one with  
plenty of room to maneuver. (Clear the area of objects,  
people and animals before you begin.) Operate the unit  
at mid-throttle during this practice session (ALWAYS  
operate at full throttle when mowing), and turn slowly to  
prevent tire slippage and damage to your lawn.  
THIRD, to speed up  
move the levers farther  
forward. To slow down  
smoothly, slowly move  
the levers toward neutral.  
We suggest you begin with the Smooth Travel procedure  
to the right, and then advance through the forward,  
reverse, and turning maneuvers.  
You must release the parking brake prior to moving the  
control levers inward.  
Figure 4. Move Control  
Levers Gradually  
BASIC DRIVING  
Forward Travel Practice  
Reverse Travel Practice  
Gradually move both ground speed control levers —  
evenly FORWARD from neutral. Slow down and repeat.  
LOOK DOWN & BEHIND, then gradually move both  
ground speed control levers evenly BACK from neutral.  
Slow down and repeat.  
NOTE: Straight forward travel takes practice. If neces-  
sary, top speed can be balance-adjusted — see the  
Speed Balancing Adjustment in the Adjustments section  
near the back of this manual.  
NOTE: Practice backing up for several minutes before  
attempting to do so near objects. The rider turns sharply  
in reverse as well as forward, and backing up straight  
takes practice.  
Forward  
Travel  
Reverse  
Travel  
Figure 5. Forward Travel  
Figure 6. Forward Travel  
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Operating the Zero Turn Rider  
Practice Turning Around a Corner  
Practice Turning In Place  
While traveling forward allow one handle to gradually  
return back toward neutral. Repeat several times.  
To turn in place, “Zero Turn,” gradually move one ground  
speed control lever forward from neutral and one lever  
back from neutral simultaneously. Repeat several times.  
NOTE: To prevent pivoting directly on the tire tread, it is  
best to keep both wheels going at least slightly forward.  
NOTE: Changing the amount each lever is pulled—for-  
ward or back, changes the “pivot point” you turn on.  
Turning  
In-Place  
Executing  
Turns  
Figure 7. Turning Around a Corner  
Figure 8. Turning in Place  
ADVANCED DRIVING  
Executing an End-Of-Row Zero  
Turn  
Your Zero Turn Rider’s unique ability to turn  
in place allows you to turn around at the end  
of a cutting row rather than having to stop  
and Y-turn before starting a new row.  
For example, to execute a right end-of row  
Zero Turn:  
1. Slow down at the end of the row.  
2. Move the LEFT ground speed control  
lever forward slightly while moving the  
RIGHT ground speed control lever back  
to center and then slightly back from cen-  
ter.  
3. Begin mowing forward again.  
This technique turns the rider RIGHT and  
slightly overlaps the row just cut —eliminating  
the need to back up and re-cut missed grass.  
As you become more familiar and experi-  
enced with operating the Zero Turn rider, you  
will learn more maneuvers that will make  
your mowing time easier and more enjoyable.  
Remember, the more you practice, the bet-  
ter your control of the Zero Turn will be!  
Figure 9. Executing an End-Of-Row Turn  
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Operating the Zero Turn Rider  
STORAGE  
WARNING  
Never store the unit, with gasoline in engine or  
fuel tank, in a heated shelter or in enclosed,  
poorly ventilated enclosures. Gasoline fumes may  
reach an open flame, spark or pilot light (such as  
a furnace, water heater, clothes dryer, etc.) and  
cause an explosion.  
Temporary Storage (30 Days Or Less)  
Remember, the fuel tank will still contain some gasoline,  
so never store the unit indoors or in any other area  
where fuel vapor could travel to any ignition source. Fuel  
vapor is also toxic if inhaled, so never store the unit in  
any structure used for human or animal habitation.  
Handle gasoline carefully. It is highly flammable  
and careless use could result in serious fire  
damage to your person or property.  
Here is a checklist of things to do when storing your unit  
temporarily or in between uses:  
• Keep the unit in an area away from where children  
may come into contact with it. If there’s any chance  
of unauthorized use, remove the spark plug (s) and  
put in a safe place. Be sure the spark plug opening is  
protected from foreign objects with a suitable cover.  
Drain fuel into an approved container outdoors  
away from open flame or sparks.  
10. Drain fuel system completely or add a gasoline stabi-  
lizer to the fuel system. If you have chosen to use a  
fuel stabilizer and have not drained the fuel system,  
follow all safety instructions and storage precautions  
in this manual to prevent the possibility of fire from  
the ignition of gasoline fumes. Remember, gasoline  
fumes can travel to distant sources of ignition and  
ignite, causing risk of explosion and fire.  
• If the unit can’t be stored on a reasonable level sur-  
face, chock the wheels.  
• Clean all grass and dirt from the mower.  
Long Term Storage (Longer Than 30 Days)  
Before you store your unit for the off-season, read the  
Maintenance and Storage instructions in the Safety  
Rules section, then perform the following steps:  
NOTE: Gasoline, if permitted to stand unused for  
extended periods (30 days or more), may develop  
gummy deposits which can adversely affect the engine  
carburetor and cause engine malfunction. To avoid this  
condition, add a gasoline stabilizer to the fuel tank and  
run the engine a few minutes, or drain all fuel from the  
unit before placing it in storage.  
1. Drain crankcase oil while engine is hot and refill with  
a grade of oil that will be required when unit is used  
again.  
2. Prepare the mower deck for storage as follows:  
a. mower deck from the unit.  
STARTING AFTER LONG TERM  
STORAGE  
Before starting the unit after it has been stored for a long  
period of time, perform the following steps.  
b. Clean underside of mower deck.  
c. Coat all bare metal surfaces with paint or light coat  
of oil to prevent rusting.  
3. Clean external surfaces and engine.  
1. Remove any blocks from under the unit.  
2. Install the battery if it was removed.  
3. Unplug the exhaust outlet and air cleaner.  
4. Prepare engine for storage. See engine owner’s  
manual.  
5. Clean any dirt or grass from cylinder head cooling  
fins, engine housing and air cleaner element.  
4. Fill the fuel tank with fresh gasoline. See engine  
manual for recommendations.  
6. Cover air cleaner and exhaust outlet tightly with plas-  
tic or other waterproof material to keep out moisture,  
dirt and insects.  
5. See engine owner’s manual and follow all instruc-  
tions for preparing engine after storage.  
7. Completely grease and oil unit as outlined in the  
Normal Care section.  
6. Check crankcase oil level and add proper oil if  
necessary. If any condensation has developed during  
storage, drain crankcase oil and refill.  
8. Clean up unit and apply paint or rust preventative to  
any areas where paint is chipped or damaged.  
7. Inflate tires to proper pressure. Check fluid levels.  
9. Be sure the battery is filled to the proper level with  
water and is fully charged. Battery life will be  
increased if it is removed, put in a cool, dry place  
and fully charged about once a month. If battery is  
left in unit, disconnect the negative cable.  
8. Start the engine and let it run slowly. DO NOT run at  
high speed immediately after starting. Be sure to run  
engine only outdoors or in well ventilated area.  
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Notes  
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Regular  
Maintenance  
MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE & PROCEDURES  
The following schedule should be followed for normal care of your rider and mower. You will need to keep a record of  
your operating time. Determining operating time is easily accomplished by observing the elapsed time recorded by  
the hour meter.  
See  
Page  
Before  
Before  
Every  
Every  
Every  
Spring  
& Fall  
SAFETY ITEMS  
First Use Each Use 5 Hours 25 Hours 100 Hours  
Check Safety Interlock System  
Check Rider Brakes  
9
X
X
X
X
22  
Check Mower Blade Stopping Time  
23  
See  
X
Before  
X
Every  
Before  
Every  
Every  
Spring  
& Fall  
NORMAL CARE ITEMS  
Page  
First Use Each Use 5 Hours 25 Hours 100 Hours  
Check Rider/Mower for loose hardware  
Check Engine Oil Level  
Check Engine Air Filter  
Change Engine Oil & Filter **  
Lubricate Rider & Mower  
Check Tire Pressure  
16*  
16*  
16*  
17  
***  
***Every 50 Hours ***●  
***●  
***●  
***●  
15  
Check Hydraulic Fluid  
16  
Check Fuel Filter  
16  
Clean Battery & Cables  
Clean & Sharpen Mower Blades  
Inspect Spark Plug  
17  
18  
16*  
* See the engine manufacturer's owner's manual.  
** Change original engine oil after first 5 hours of operation.  
*** More often in hot (over 85° F: 30° C) weather or dusty operating conditions.  
CHECK TIRE PRESSURES  
Tire pressure should be checked periodically, and main-  
tained at the levels shown in the chart. Note that these  
pressures may differ slightly from the “Max Inflation”  
stamped on the side-wall of the tires. The pressures  
shown provide proper traction, improve cut quality, and  
extend tire life.  
Tire  
Front  
Rear  
Pressure  
20 psi (1,38 bar)  
15 psi (1,03 bar)  
Figure 10. Checking Tire Pressure  
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Regular Maintenance  
CHECKING / ADDING FUEL  
To add fuel:  
WARNING  
Gasoline is highly flammable and must be  
handled with care. Never fill the tank when the  
engine is still hot from recent operation. Do not  
allow open flame, smoking or matches in the area.  
Avoid over-filling and wipe up any spills.  
1. Remove the fuel cap (see A, Figure 2).  
2. Fill the tank to the bottom of the filler neck. This will  
allow for fuel expansion.  
NOTE: Do not overfill. Refer to your engine manual for  
specific fuel recommendations.  
Do not remove fuel filter when engine is hot, as  
spilled gasoline may ignite. DO NOT spread hose  
clamps further than necessary. Ensure clamps  
grip hoses firmly over filter after installation.  
3. Install and hand tighten the fuel cap.  
4. Repeat same process for opposite tank.  
FUEL FILTER  
The fuel filter is located in the fuel line between fuel shut  
off valve and carburetor, near the fuel pump. If filter is  
dirty or clogged, replace as follows:  
Do not use gasoline containing METHANOL,  
gasohol containing more than 10% ethanol,  
gasoline additives, premium gasoline, or white  
gas because engine/fuel system damage  
could result.  
1. Shut off the fuel tank selection valve.  
2. Disconnect the negative battery cable.  
3. Place a container below the filter to catch spilled fuel.  
4. Using a pliers, open and slide hose clamps from fuel  
filter.  
5. Remove hoses from filter.  
6. Install new filter in proper flow direction in fuel line.  
7. Secure with hose clamps.  
8. Reconnect the negative battery cable when finished.  
OIL & FILTER CHANGE  
Refer to engine owners manual.  
CHECK / CHANGE AIR FILTER  
Refer to engine owners manual.  
REPLACE SPARK PLUG  
Refer to engine owners manual.  
CHECK HYDRAULIC OIL LEVEL  
1. Before removing the reservoir cap, make sure the  
area around the reservoir cap and fill neck of the  
reservoir is free of dust, dirt, or other debris.  
2. Unscrew the reservoir cap (B, Figure 11).  
3. Look down the filler neck of the hydraulic oil reservoir  
(A, Figure 11) and observe the oil level. When cold,  
the oil level should be level the baffle inside the  
reservoir (steel tank) or approximately 1/2” (1,2cm)  
below the “FULL HOT” line (plastic tank).  
B
A
4. If necessary, add either Mobil 1™, 15W-50 synthetic  
oil or Castrol Syntec™ 5W-50 oil. DO NOT use con-  
ventional oils.  
Figure 11. Checking Hydraulic Oil Level  
A. Hydraulic Oil Reservoir  
B. Reservoir Cap  
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Regular Maintenance  
LUBRICATION  
Lubricate the unit at the locations shown in Figures 12  
through 16 as well as the following lubrication points.  
Grease:  
• front caster wheel axles  
• deck lift pivots  
• deck lift foot pedal  
• mower deck idler arm  
Use grease fittings when present. Disassemble parts to  
apply grease to moving parts when grease fittings are  
not installed.  
Not all greases are compatible. Ferris Red Grease (part  
#22285) is recommended, automotive-type high-temper-  
ature, lithium grease may be used when this is not avail-  
able.  
Figure 12. Deck Lift Pedal & Pivots  
Oil:  
• control handle pivots  
• floor plate hinge  
• discharge chute hinge  
Generally, all moving metal parts should be oiled where  
contact is made with other parts. Keep oil and grease  
off belts and pulleys. Remember to wipe fittings and  
surfaces clean both before and after lubrication.  
Figure 13. Deck Lift Linkage Pivots  
Figure 14. Deck Lubrication  
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Regular Maintenance  
RE-PACK  
BEARINGS  
ANUALLY  
Figure 15. Control Handle Pivots & Seat Pivots  
Figure 16. Front Caster & Wheel  
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Regular Maintenance  
BATTERY MAINTENANCE  
Checking the Battery Fluid  
1. Raise the seat plate to access battery.  
2. Remove the battery filler cap(s) (A). Fluid must be  
even with the split ring full mark. If not, add distilled  
water.  
A
C
3. Reinstall the filler cap(s).  
B
Cleaning the Battery and Cables  
1. Disconnect the cables from the battery, negative  
cable first (C).  
2. Clean the battery terminals and cable ends with a  
wire brush until shiny.  
3. Reinstall the battery and reattach the battery cables,  
positive cable first (B)  
4. Coat the cable ends and battery terminals with petro-  
leum jelly or non-conducting grease.  
Figure 17. Battery Compartment  
A. Vent Cap(s)  
B. Positive (+) Cable & Terminal  
C. Negative (-) Cable & Terminal  
WARNING  
Be careful when handling the battery. Avoid  
spilling electrolyte. Keep flames and sparks away  
from the battery.  
When removing or installing battery cables,  
disconnect the negative cable FIRST and reconnect  
it LAST. If not done in this order, the positive  
terminal can be shorted to the frame by a tool.  
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Regular Maintenance  
SERVICING THE MOWER BLADES  
1. Blades should be sharp and free of nicks and dents.  
If not, sharpen blades as described in following  
steps.  
2. To remove blade for sharpening, use a 1” wrench on  
the flats of the spindle shaft while removing the blade  
mounting bolt with a 15/16” wrench (Figure 18).  
3. Use a file to sharpen blade to fine edge. Remove all  
nicks and dents in blade edge. If blade is severely  
damaged, it should be replaced.  
4. Balance the blade as shown in Figure 19. Center the  
blade’s hole on a nail lubricated with a drop of oil. A  
balanced blade will remain level.  
LOOSEN  
5. Reinstall each blade with the tabs pointing up toward  
deck as shown in Figure 20. Secure with a bolt and  
flat washer and torque bolts to 70 ft.lbs. (94 N.m.).  
Figure 18. Removing the Blade  
WARNING  
For your personal safety, blade mounting bolts  
must each be installed with a flat washer then  
securely tightened. Torque blade mounting bolts  
to 70 ft.lbs. (94 N.m.)  
Nail  
Figure 19. Balancing The Blade  
B
A
TIGHTEN  
Figure 20. Installing The Blade  
A. Blade Bolt  
B. Flat Washer  
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Troubleshooting  
Adjustments & Service  
TROUBLESHOOTING  
While normal care and regular maintenance will extend  
the life of your equipment, prolonged or constant use  
may eventually require that service be performed to  
allow it to continue operating properly.  
WARNING  
To avoid serious injury, perform maintenance on  
the tractor or mower only when the engine is  
stopped and the parking brake engaged.  
Always remove the ignition key, disconnect the  
spark plug wire and fasten it away from the plug  
before beginning the maintenance, to prevent  
accidental starting of the engine.  
The troubleshooting guide below lists the most common  
problems, their causes and remedies.  
See the information on the following pages for instruc-  
tions on how to perform most of these minor adjust-  
ments and service repairs yourself. If you prefer, all of  
these procedures can be performed for you by your local  
authorized dealer.  
TROUBLESHOOTING THE RIDER  
PROBLEM  
CAUSE  
REMEDY  
1. Engage parking brake.  
2. Place in OFF position.  
Engine will not turnover or start.  
1. Parking brake not engaged.  
2. PTO (electric clutch) switch  
in ON position.  
3. Out of fuel.  
3. If engine is hot, allow it to cool, then refill  
the fuel tank.  
4. Engine flooded.  
5. Fuse blown.  
4. Move throttle control out of CHOKE position.  
5. Replace fuse.  
6. Battery terminals require  
cleaning.  
6. Clean the battery terminals  
7. Battery discharged or dead.  
8. Wiring loose or broken.  
7. Recharge or replace.  
8. Visually check wiring & replace broken or  
frayed wires. Tighten loose connections.  
9. Repair or replace. See authorized dealer  
10. Replace as needed. See authorized  
service dealer.  
9. Solenoid or starter motor faulty.  
10. Safety interlock switch  
faulty.  
11. Spark plug(s) faulty, fouled  
or incorrectly gapped.  
12. Water in fuel.  
11. Clean and gap or replace.  
See engine manual.  
12. Drain fuel & refill with fresh fuel.  
13. Drain fuel & replace with fresh fuel.  
13. Gas is old or stale.  
Engine starts hard or runs poorly. 1. Fuel mixture too rich.  
1. Clean air filter. Check choke adjustment  
(throttle control).  
2. Spark plug faulty, fouled, or  
incorrectly gapped.  
2. Clean and gap or replace.  
(See engine manual.)  
Engine knocks.  
1. Low oil level.  
2. Using wrong grade oil.  
1. Check/add oil as required.  
2. See engine manual.  
Excessive oil consumption.  
1. Engine running too hot.  
1. Clean engine fins, blower screen and  
air cleaner.  
2. Using wrong weight oil.  
3. Too much oil in crankcase.  
2. See engine manual.  
3. Drain excess oil.  
Engine exhaust is black.  
1. Dirty air filter.  
2. Engine choke control  
is in closed position.  
1. Replace air filter. See engine manual.  
2. Open choke control.  
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Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service  
Rider Troubleshooting Continued.  
PROBLEM  
Engine runs, but rider will  
not drive.  
CAUSE  
1. Hydraulic release valve(s)  
in “open” position.  
REMEDY  
1. Turn valve(s) clockwise to close.  
2. Belt is broken.  
3. Drive belt slips.  
4. Brake is not fully released.  
2. See Drive Belt Replacement.  
3. See problem and cause below.  
4. See authorized service dealer  
Rider drive belt slips.  
1. Pulleys or belt greasy or oily.  
2. Belt stretched or worn.  
1. Clean as required.  
2. Replace belt.  
Brake will not hold.  
1. Brake is incorrectly adjusted.  
2. Brake caliper pads worn.  
1. See Brake Adjustment.  
2. Replace with new brake pads.  
Rider steers or handles poorly.  
1. Steering linkage is loose.  
2. Improper tire inflation.  
1. Check and tighten any loose connections.  
2. See Regular Maintenance Section.  
TROUBLESHOOTING THE MOWER  
PROBLEM  
CAUSE  
REMEDY  
Mower will not raise.  
1. Lift linkage not properly attached 1. See authorized service dealer for repair.  
or damaged.  
Mower cut is uneven.  
1. Mower not leveled properly.  
2. Rider tires not inflated  
equally or properly.  
1. See Mower Adjustment.  
2. See Regular Maintenance Section.  
Mower cut is rough looking.  
1. Engine speed too slow.  
2. Ground speed too fast.  
3. Blades are dull.  
1. Set throttle to full.  
2. Decrease Ground Speed.  
3. Sharpen or replace blades.  
See Mower Blade Service.  
4. Clean or replace belt as necessary.  
4. Mower drive belt slipping  
because it is oily or worn.  
5. Blades not properly fastened  
to arbors.  
5. See Servicing the Mower Blades.  
Engine stalls easily with  
mower engaged.  
1. Engine speed too slow.  
2. Ground speed too fast.  
3. Cutting height set too low.  
1. Set to full throttle.  
2. Decrease Ground Speed.  
3. Cut tall grass at maximum cutting  
height during first pass.  
4. Discharge chute jamming  
with cut grass.  
4. Cut grass with discharge pointing toward  
previously cut area.  
Excessive mower vibration.  
1. Blade mounting bolts are loose.  
2. Mower blades, arbors,  
or pulleys are bent.  
1. Tighten to 70 ft.lbs. (94 N.m.).  
2. Check and replace as necessary.  
3. Mower blades are out  
of balance.  
3. Remove, sharpen, and balance blades.  
See Maintenance Section.  
4. Belt installed incorrectly.  
4. Reinstall Correctly.  
Excessive belt wear or breakage. 1. Bent or rough pulleys.  
1. Repair or replace.  
2. Using incorrect belt.  
2. Replace with correct belt.  
Mower drive belt slips  
or fails to drive.  
1. Idler pulley spring broken or not  
1. Repair or replace as needed.  
properly attached.  
2. Mower drive belt broken.  
2. Replace drive belt.  
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Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service  
SEAT ADJUSTMENT  
Seat Adjustment  
Lever  
See Figure 21. The seat can be adjusted forward and  
back. Move the lever forward, position the seat as  
desired, and release the lever to lock the seat into posi-  
tion.  
GROUND SPEED CONTROL LEVER  
ADJUSTMENT  
The control levers can be adjusted in three ways. The  
alignment of the control levers, the placement of the  
levers (how close the ends are to one another) and the  
height of the levers can be adjusted.  
Figure 21. Seat Adjustment  
To Adjust the Handle Alignment  
Loosen the mount bolts (A, Figure 22) and pivot the  
lever(s) (C, Figure 17) to align with each other.  
To Adjust the Handle Placement  
B
Loosen the jam nuts and adjust the placement bolt (B,  
Figure 22) in or out to properly adjust the lever end  
spacing.  
C
A
To Adjust the Handle Height  
Remove the mounting hardware and reposition the han-  
dle either up or down from its original position. You will  
need to readjust the handle alignment as described  
above.  
SPEED BALANCING ADJUSTMENT  
Figure 22. Control Lever Adjustment  
A. Alignment Hardware  
B. Placement Hardware  
If the rider veers to the right or left when the ground  
speed control levers are in the maximum forward posi-  
tion, the top speed of each of these levers can be bal-  
anced by turning the adjustment bolt(s) (A, Figure 23).  
Only adjust the speed of the wheel that is traveling  
faster.  
C. Ground Speed Control Lever  
To Reduce the Speed of the Faster Wheel  
1. Loosen the securing nut.  
2. turn the top speed adjustment bolt COUNTER-  
CLOCKWISE to reduce the speed.  
3. Retighten the securing nut when adjustment is com-  
plete.  
B
A
WARNING  
DO NOT adjust the tractor for a faster overall  
speed forward or reverse than it was designed for.  
Figure 23. Top Speed Adjustment  
A. Top Speed Adjustment Bolt  
B. Control Lever Base  
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Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service  
PARKING BRAKE ADJUSTMENT  
1. Disengage the PTO, stop the engine, block the front  
wheels, remove the ignition key, and engage the  
parking brake.  
B
A
2. Jack up the rear of the machine and secure with  
jackstands. Remove both drive tires.  
3. Locate the brake spring (A).  
4. With the parking brake engaged, measure the com-  
pressed spring length. The spring should be  
1-15/16” - 2” (4,9 - 5,0cm) when compressed.  
5. If the spring is not within this range, release the park-  
ing brake and turn the adjustment nut (B) to adjust  
the spring length.  
6. Engage the parking brake and re-measure the  
spring.  
Figure 24. Parking Brake Adjustment  
A. Brake Spring  
B. Adjustment Nut  
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Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service  
A
C
B
B
B
Figure 27. Adjust PTO Clutch  
A. Window  
B. Adjustment Nut  
A
B
C. .016”-.018” (0,40 - 0,45mm) Feeler Gauge  
Figure 26. PTO Clutch Adjustment  
A. Adjustment Window (Qty. 3, one shown)  
B. Adjustment Nut  
PTO CLUTCH ADJUSTMENT  
WARNING  
Check the PTO clutch adjustment after the initial 50 hour  
break-in period and then after every 250 hours of opera-  
tion. Also perform the following procedure if the clutch is  
slipping or will not engage, or if a new clutch has been  
installed.  
To avoid serious injury, perform adjustments only  
with engine stopped, key removed and tractor on  
level ground.  
Blade Brake Check  
1. Remove key from ignition switch and disconnect  
spark plug wires to prevent the possibility of acciden-  
tal starting while the PTO is being adjusted.  
Mower blades and mower drive belt should come to a  
complete stop within five seconds after electric PTO  
switch is turned off.  
2. See Figure 26. Note the position of the 3 adjustment  
windows (A) in the side of the brake plate and the  
nylock adjustment nuts (B).  
1. With parking brake engaged, PTO disengaged and  
an operator in the seat, start the engine engine.  
2. Have an assistant observe the mower drive belt  
through the open end of the left-hand arbor cover.  
Engage the PTO and wait several seconds.  
Disengage the PTO and check the amount of time it  
takes for the mower drive belt to stop.  
3. Insert a .016” - .018” (0,40 - 0,45mm) feeler gauge  
(C) through each window, positioning the gauge  
between the rotor face and the armature face as  
shown in Figure 27.  
4. Alternately tighten the adjustment nuts (B, Figure 26)  
until the rotor face and armature face just contacts  
the gauge.  
3. If the mower drive belt does not stop within five sec-  
onds, perform the PTO Clutch Adjustment. If the belt  
still does not stop within 5 seconds, see your dealer.  
5. Check the windows for an equal amount of tension  
when the gauge is inserted and removed, and make  
any necessary adjustments by tightening or loosen-  
ing the adjustment nuts.  
NOTE: The actual air gap between the rotor and arma-  
ture may vary even after performing the adjustment pro-  
cedure. This is due to dimensional variations on compo-  
nent parts, and is an acceptable condition.  
6. Check the mower blade stopping time. The mower  
blades and mower drive belt should come to a com-  
plete stop within five seconds after the electric PTO  
switch is turned off.  
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Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service  
NEUTRAL ADJUSTMENT  
If the tractor “creeps” while the ground speed control  
levers are locked in NEUTRAL, than it may be neces-  
sary to adjust the linkage rod.  
NOTE: Perform this adjustment on a hard, level surface  
such as a concrete floor.  
1. Disengage the PTO, engage the parking brake and  
turn off the engine.  
2. There are three (3) nuts on the linkage rod. The first  
two are to be used together to turn the rod and the  
third (towards the front of the machine) is used to  
lock the rod in place. Loosen the jam nut that locks  
against the clevis (B, Figure 28) and turn the linkage  
rod (A, Figure 28) to adjust. If the machine creeps  
forward, turn the rod CLOCKWISE (while standing at  
the rear of the machine, facing forward), if the  
machine creeps backward, turn the rod COUNTER-  
CLOCKWISE.  
B
A
Figure 28. Neutral Adjustment  
(LH side shown with battery removed)  
A. Adjustment Linkage Rod  
B. Nuts  
3. Lock the jam nut (B, Figure 28) against the clevis  
when neutral is achieved.  
NOTE: This adjustment should not be performed while  
the machine is running. It may take several attempts to  
achieved neutral, depending upon how much the  
machine creeps.  
A
B
NEUTRAL POSITION AND RETURN  
SPRING ADJUSTMENT  
To determine if it is necessary to adjust the neutral posi-  
tion, perform the following steps.  
C
D
1. Disengage the PTO, engage the parking brake and  
turn off the engine.  
2. Move the ground speed control levers in the operat-  
ing position, pull levers rearward and release.  
3. Move the ground speed control levers towards the  
neutral position. If the levers do not align with the  
notches in the neutral lock plate, it is necessary to  
adjust the reverse return bolts (A, Figure 29).  
Figure 29. Neutral Spring Return Adjustment  
A. Reverse Return Bolt  
Neutral Position Adjustment  
B. Reverse Return Spring  
C. Spring Position Nut  
D. Jam Nut  
1. Loosen the jam nut (D, Figure 29) locked against the  
clevis.  
2. Turn the reverse return bolt (A, Figure 29) clockwise  
to adjust handle rearward, counter-clockwise to  
adjust handle forward.  
Return Spring Adjustment  
After adjusting the neutral position, lock the levers in the  
neutral position and measure the reverse return spring  
(B, Figure 29) length. This should be 2-3/8” (6,0cm)  
long. If not, hold the reverse return bolt (A, Figure 29)  
with a wrench while turning the spring position nut (C,  
Figure 29) until the measurement is achieved.  
4. Pull lever rearward and release to check position  
again. Adjust as necessary to align levers with  
notches.  
5. Once the lever alignment has been adjusted, lock  
jam nut against the clevis.  
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Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service  
CUTTING HEIGHT ADJUSTMENT  
B
WARNING  
Before checking mower, shut off PTO and engine.  
Allow all moving parts to stop. Remove ignition  
key, then disconnect the spark plug wire and  
fasten it away from the spark plug.  
47138  
The cutting height adjustment pin (A, Figure 30) controls  
the mower cutting height. The cutting height is  
adjustable between 1-1/2” (3.8cm) and 4-1/2” (11.4cm)  
in 1/4” (.64cm) increments.  
C
A
Depress the deck lift foot pedal (B, Figure 30), placing  
the majority of the force on the top edge of the pedal  
until it locks into the “TRANSPORT” position. Place the  
cutting height adjustment pin in the desired cutting  
height. Depress the deck lift foot pedal, placing the  
majority of the force on the bottom edge of the pedal to  
release the pedal from the “TRANSPORT” position.  
Figure 30. Cutting Height Adjustment  
A. Cutting Height Adjustment Pin  
B. Deck Lift Foot Pedal  
C. Cutting Height Selection Decal  
DECK LEVELING ADJUSTMENT  
1. Park the machine on a flat, level floor and engage  
the parking brake. Rear tires must be inflated to 15  
psi; front tires to 20 psi.  
2. Install the deck height adjustment pin in the  
4" position.  
Adjust spring  
length here  
Adjust deck  
height here  
3. Adjust the 5/8” hex nuts on either side of the front  
spring rod pivot (see Figure 31) until the rear lower  
edge of the mower deck directly behind the chain is  
3-5/8" (9,2cm) from the floor.  
4. The front lower edge of the mower deck directly in  
front of the u-bolts should be 3-1/2” (8,9cm) (48” &  
52” decks) and 4-1/2” (11,4cm) (61” deck) from the  
floor. If not, adjust the u-bolts to correct the cutting  
height. Perform this step to both rods.  
Figure 31. Mower Deck Adjustment  
5. With the deck height adjustments complete and cut-  
ting height still set at 4", adjust the deck lift spring to  
a compressed length of 12-1/4" (31,1cm). Be sure to  
measure the spring only. Adjust the length of the  
deck lift spring by tightening or loosening the (2) 5/8”  
hex nuts that are closest to the spacer at the front  
end of the spring (see Figure 31). After adjustment  
is made, tighten these two nuts together. Perform  
this step to both springs.  
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Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service  
HYDRAULIC PUMP DRIVE BELT  
REPLACEMENT  
1. Park the tractor on a smooth, level surface such as a  
concrete floor. Disengage the PTO, engage the  
parking brake, turn off the engine, and remove the  
ignition key.  
FRONT  
B
E
F
A
D
C
2. Remove the PTO drive belt (see MOWER BELT  
REPLACEMENT for removal instructions).  
7-3/4”  
(19,7cm)  
3. Loosen the nut towards the front of the machine on  
the spring anchor hook (H, Figure 32) to release the  
majority of the belt tension. Use caution and remove  
the nut to completely release the tension.  
C
4. Remove the old belt and replace it with the new one.  
Make sure the V-side of the belt runs in the grooves  
of the crankshaft pulley and pump pulleys (B & C,  
Figure 32).  
H
G
Figure 32. Hydraulic Pump Drive Belt Replacement  
A. Pump Drive Belt  
B. Crankshaft Pulley  
C. Pump Pulley  
E. Idler Pulley  
F. Idler Arm  
G. Spring  
5. Reinstall the anchor hook (H, Figure 32) into the  
anchor tab and loosely fasten the nut. Adjust the  
spring until a measurement of 7-3/4” (19,7cm) is  
achieved from the outside if the spring hooks.  
Tighten nut.  
D. Idler Pulley (stationary)  
H. Spring Anchor Hook  
B
6. Reinstall the PTO drive belt.  
A
MOWER BELT REPLACEMENT  
To avoid damaging belts, DO NOT  
PRY BELTS OVER PULLEYS.  
1. Park the tractor on a smooth, level surface such as a  
concrete floor. Disengage the PTO, engage the  
parking brake, turn off the engine, and remove the  
ignition key.  
2. Remove the hairpin clip and clevis pin and remove  
the deck lift foot pedal. Lift the floor plate to gain  
access to the PTO drive belt.  
Figure 33. Mower PTO Belt  
A. Belt Tension Spring  
B. Spring Compression Nut  
3. Loosen the spring compression nut (B, Figure 33) to  
release the belt tension.  
D
B
C
4. Slide the drive belt over the edge of the idler pulley  
and then slide the belt under the idler pulley. Drop  
the belt from the PTO clutch pulley groove.  
5. Remove the old belt and replace with a new one.  
Make sure the V-side of the belt runs in the pulley  
grooves (Figure 34).  
6. Install the drive belt on the PTO pulley, the spindle  
pulleys and idler pulleys. Tighten the spring com-  
pression nut (B, Figure 33) until the belt tension  
spring (A, Figure 33) is 1-5/8” (4,12cm) long.  
7. Run the mower under no-load condition for about 5  
minutes to break-in the new belt.  
A
A
D
A
Figure 34. Mower PTO Belt Routing  
A. Spindle Pulley  
B. PTO Drive Belt  
C. Spring-loaded Idler Pulley  
D. Stationary Idler Pulley  
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Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service  
Jump Starting With Auxiliary (Booster)  
Battery  
BATTERY SERVICE  
WARNING  
Jump starting is not recommended. However, if it must  
be done, follow these directions. Both booster and dis-  
charged batteries should be treated carefully when using  
jumper cables. Follow the steps below EXACTLY, being  
careful not to cause sparks. Refer to Figure 35.  
Keep open flames and sparks away from the  
battery; the gasses coming from it are highly  
explosive. Ventilate the battery well during  
charging.  
1. Both batteries must be of the same voltage.  
2. Position the vehicle with the booster battery adjacent  
to the vehicle with the discharged battery so that  
booster cables can be connected easily to the batter-  
ies in both vehicles. Make certain vehicles do not  
touch each other.  
Checking Battery Voltage  
A voltmeter can be used to determine condition of bat-  
tery. When engine is off, the voltmeter shows battery  
voltage, which should be 12 volts. When engine is run-  
ning, the voltmeter shows voltage of charging circuit  
which normally is 13 to 14 volts.  
3. Wear safety glasses and shield eyes and face from  
batteries at all times. Be sure vent caps are tight.  
Place damp cloth over vent caps on both batteries.  
A dead battery or one too weak to start the engine may  
not mean the battery needs to be replaced. For exam-  
ple, it may mean that the alternator is not charging the  
battery properly. If there is any doubt about the cause of  
the problem, see your dealer. If you need to replace the  
battery, follow the steps under Cleaning the Battery &  
Cables in the Regular Maintenance Section.  
4. Connect positive (+) cable to positive post of dis-  
charged battery (wired to starter or solenoid).  
5. Connect the other end of same cable to same post  
marked positive (+) on booster battery.  
6. Connect the second cable negative (-) to other post  
of booster battery.  
7. Make final connection on engine block of stalled  
vehicle away from battery. Do not lean over batteries.  
Charging a Completely Discharged Battery  
1. Be aware of all the safety precautions you should  
observe during the charging operation. If you are  
unfamiliar with the use of a battery charger and  
hydrometer, have the battery serviced by your dealer.  
8. Start the engine of the vehicle with the booster bat-  
tery. Wait a few minutes, then attempt to start the  
engine of the vehicle with the discharged battery.  
9. If the vehicle does not start after cranking for thirty  
seconds, STOP PROCEDURE. More than thirty sec-  
onds seldom starts the engine unless some mechan-  
ical adjustment is made.  
2. Add distilled water sufficient to cover the plate (fill to  
the proper level near the end of the charge). If the  
battery is extremely cold, allow it to warm before  
adding water because the water level will rise as it  
warms. Also, an extremely cold battery will not  
accept a normal charge until it becomes warm.  
10. After starting, allow the engine to return to idle  
speed. Remove the cable connection at the engine  
or frame. Then remove the other end of the same  
cable from the booster battery.  
3. Always unplug or turn the charger off before attach-  
ing or removing the clamp connections.  
11. Remove the other cable by disconnecting at the dis-  
charged battery first and then disconnect the oppo-  
site end from the booster battery.  
4. Carefully attach the clamps to the battery in proper  
polarity (usually red to [+] positive and black to [-]  
negative).  
12. Discard the damp cloths that were placed over the  
battery vent caps.  
5. While charging, periodically measure the tempera-  
ture of the electrolyte. If the temperature exceeds  
125° F (51.6° C), or if violent gassing or spewing of  
electrolyte occurs, the charging rate must be reduced  
or temporarily halted to prevent battery damage.  
6. Charge the battery until fully charged (until the spe-  
cific gravity of the electrolyte is 1.250 or higher and  
the electrolyte temperature is at least 60° F). The  
best method of making certain a battery is fully  
charged, but not over charged, is to measure the  
specific gravity of a cell once per hour. The battery is  
fully charged when the cells are gassing freely at low  
charging rate and less than 0.003 change in specific  
gravity occurs over a three hour period.  
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Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service  
THIS HOOK-UP FOR NEGATIVE GROUND VEHICLES  
To  
To  
Starter  
Switch  
Starter  
Switch  
Jumper Cable  
Starting  
Vehicle  
Battery  
Discharged  
Vehicle  
Battery  
Jumper Cable  
To Ground  
Engine  
Block  
MAKE CERTAIN VEHICLES DO NOT TOUCH  
Figure 35. Jump Starting  
WARNING  
WARNING  
Any procedure other than the preceding could  
result in:  
For your personal safety, use extreme care when  
jump starting. Never expose battery to open flame  
or electric spark – battery action generates  
hydrogen gas which is flammable and explosive.  
Do not allow battery acid to contact skin, eyes,  
fabrics, or painted surfaces. Batteries contain a  
sulfuric acid solution which can cause serious  
personal injury or property damage.  
(1) personal injury caused by electrolyte  
squirting out the battery vents,  
(2) personal injury or property damage due to  
battery explosion,  
(3) damage to the charging system of the  
booster vehicle or of the immobilized  
vehicle.  
When removing or installing battery cables,  
disconnect the negative cable FIRST and  
reconnect it LAST. If not done in this order, the  
positive terminal can be shorted to the frame by a  
tool.  
Do not attempt to jump start a vehicle having a  
frozen battery because the battery may rupture or  
explode. If a frozen battery is suspected, examine  
all fill vents on the battery. If ice can be seen or if  
the electrolyte fluid cannot be seen, do not  
attempt to start with jumper cables as long as the  
battery remains frozen.  
To avoid engine damage, do not disconnect  
battery while engine is running. Be sure terminal  
connections are tight before starting.  
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Lawn Care  
& Mowing Information  
• Types of Grass, Climate and Conditions  
• How and When to Water, Fertilize & Aerate  
• How High to Mow the Grass  
• When and How Often to Mow  
• What Mowing Patterns to Use  
GENERAL INFORMATION  
Proper mowing is an important part of maintaining your  
lawn in the best possible condition. A healthy and well  
maintained lawn is better able to resist drought, weeds,  
and other stresses. But too much maintenance is as  
detrimental to your lawn as neglect. Proper care for your  
lawn involves more than just “cutting the grass.” To have  
a healthy lawn, you need to know:  
• Proper Mowing Methods  
• How to Solve Common Mowing Problems  
TYPES OF GRASS, CLIMATE AND  
CONDITIONS  
A variety of grasses are commonly grown in household  
lawns, but two main groups known as cool-season  
grasses (varieties of bluegrass, ryegrass, and fescue),  
and warm-season grasses (typically bermuda, buffalo  
grass, and zoysia varieties) are the most common.  
The cool-season grasses are better suited to cooler cli-  
mates, and do not endure hot and dry weather as well as  
warm-season grasses, but conversely, the warm-season  
grasses do not grow as well in cooler climates. Most resi-  
dential lawns are typically seeded with a mixture of these  
grasses. (A local nursery or lawn center may help you to  
identify what kind of grass your lawn contains from a  
sample.)  
HOW TO WATER YOUR LAWN  
Knowing your climate and conditions is also important to  
proper lawn care. Drier climates or conditions will require  
additional watering, while wetter climates may require  
more frequent mowing.  
The best method of watering a lawn is to imitate a slow,  
soaking rain, applying about 1 inch of water. A method  
of verifying the amount that you have watered, is to place  
several empty tin cans (low shallow cans work best) in  
various spots around the lawn, and check the depth of  
water in the can during the watering process.  
HOW AND WHEN TO WATER,  
FERTILIZE & AERATE  
HOW TO FERTILIZE YOUR LAWN  
Fertilizing with a slow-release fertilizer provides missing  
nutrients which help create slow, even growth. While  
opinions vary on the need for fertilizing, when and how  
much to fertilize will be more a factor of the condition of  
the lawn and soil than any routine. Remember that over-  
fertilizing can cause harm, and that most fertilizing  
should be applied in the spring so that it will release into  
the lawn through the summer. For more information,  
check with a local nursery or lawn care specialist, and  
read and follow the fertilizer manufacturer’s instructions.  
Every lawn’s watering needs are unique and are depen-  
dent upon the type of grass and soil, the amount of local  
rainfall, and other conditions. Most lawns are watered  
too often, but with too little water. However too much  
water can allow development of diseases with your lawn.  
It is best to water the lawn only when necessary, and  
then to water it slowly, evenly, and deeply—imitating  
a slow, soaking rain.  
WHEN TO WATER YOUR LAWN  
AERATING YOUR LAWN  
When the lawn begins to wilt, the grass’s color dulls, or  
footprints stay compressed for more than a few seconds,  
the lawn is beginning to dry out, and needs additional  
moisture. The best time to water is early morning to allow  
the water to soak deeply into the lawn and reduce the  
amount that evaporates in the hot afternoon sun.  
Consider aerating your lawn in spring. Using an aerator  
to remove cores of soil from the lawn increases the  
speed of clipping decomposition and encourages deeper  
root growth by opening up the soil and permitting greater  
movement of water, fertilizer and air.  
TP 600-7000-01-UV-FD  
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Lawn Care & Mowing Information  
HOW HIGH TO  
Cut less than  
MOW THE GRASS  
1/3  
Often cutting height is a  
matter of personal prefer-  
ence. Typically, you should  
mow the grass when it is is  
between three and five  
Optimal  
cutting point  
at less than  
1/3 from top  
of grass blade  
inches high. The proper  
cutting height range for a  
specific lawn will depend  
upon several factors,  
including the type of grass,  
the amount of rainfall, the  
prevailing temperature, and  
the lawn’s overall condition.  
Cutting down to this  
area contributes to  
thatch problems  
Cutting the grass too short  
causes weak, thin grass  
plants, which are easily  
damaged by dry periods  
and pests. Cutting too short  
is often more damaging  
than allowing the grass to be slightly higher.  
Letting grass grow a bit longer—especially when it is hot and  
dry—reduces heat build-up, preserves needed moisture and  
protects the grass from heat damage and other problems.  
However, allowing grass to grow too high can cause thin turf  
and additional problems.  
1/3  
Cutting off too much at one time shocks the plant’s growth  
system and weakens the grass plants. A good rule of  
thumb is the 1/3 rule: to cut no more than one third of  
the grass height, and never more than 1 inch at a time.  
The amount of grass you are able to cut in one pass is also  
effected by the type of mowing system you are using (for  
example, broadcasting with side discharge decks can  
process a much larger volume of grass than mulching does).  
1 inch  
NOTE: We cover some specific mowing instructions for  
mulching and broadcasting later in this Lawn Care section.  
Proper Cutting Height  
Cut Here On  
First Pass  
Cut  
Tall Grass Requires Incremental Cutting  
For extremely tall grass, set the cutting height at maxi-  
mum for the first pass, and then reset it to the desired  
height and mow a second or third time.  
Here On  
Second  
Pass  
Don’t cover the grass surface with a heavy layer of  
clippings. Consider using a grass collection system  
and starting a compost pile.  
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Lawn Care & Mowing Information  
WHEN AND HOW OFTEN TO MOW  
The time of day and condition of the grass greatly affect  
the results you’ll get when mowing. For the best results,  
follow these guidelines:  
l Mow when the grass is between three and five inches  
high.  
l Mow with sharp blades. Short clippings of grass one  
inch or shorter decompose more quickly than longer  
blades. Sharp mower blades cut grass cleanly and  
efficiently, preventing frayed edges which harm the  
grass.  
l Mow at time of day when the grass is cool and dry.  
Late afternoon or early evening often provide these  
ideal mowing conditions.  
l Avoid mowing after rain or even heavy dew, and  
never mulch when the grass is wet (moist grass does  
not mulch well, and clumps beneath the mower  
deck).  
WHAT MOWING PATTERNS TO USE  
Where possible, make one or two passes around the  
outside of the area discharging the grass INTO the lawn  
to keep the cut grass off fences and walks.  
Always start mowing on a smooth, level area.  
The size and type of area to be mowed will determine  
the best mowing pattern to use. Obstructions such as  
trees, fences and buildings, and conditions such as  
slopes and grades must also be considered.  
l Cut long straight strips overlapping slightly.  
l Where possible, change patterns occasionally to  
eliminate matting, graining or a corrugated appear-  
ance.  
l For a truly professional cut, mow across the lawn in  
one direction, then recut the lawn by mowing perpen-  
dicular to the previous cut.  
Note: Always operate the engine at full throttle when  
mowing.  
If you hear the engine slowing down, you are mowing too  
fast—using a slower ground speed will improve the cut-  
ting efficiency of the blades and prevents many common  
cutting problems. Use an appropriate ground speed for  
the thickness and height of the grass you are cutting (3rd  
gear or slower for manual gear models). If you hear the  
engine slowing down you are mowing too fast, use a  
slower ground speed.  
The remainder of the mowing should be done in the  
opposite direction so that the clippings are dispersed  
OUT onto the area of lawn previously cut.  
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Lawn Care & Mowing Information  
MOWING METHODS  
Proper Broadcast Mowing  
Broadcasting, or side-discharging, disperses fine clip-  
pings evenly over the entire lawn. Many golf courses use  
this method. Your mower has a deep dish deck to allow  
freer circulation of clippings so they are broadcast evenly  
over the lawn.  
ENGINE SPEED & GROUND SPEED FOR BROADCASTING  
Always operate the engine at full throttle when mowing.  
If you hear the engine slowing down, you are mowing too  
fast—using a slower ground speed will improve the cut-  
ting efficiency of the blades and prevents many common  
cutting problems.  
slowing down you are mowing too fast, use a slower  
ground speed.  
HOW MUCH GRASS TO CUT OFF WHEN BROADCASTING  
ALWAYS use an appropriate ground speed for the thick-  
ness and height of the grass you are cutting (3rd gear or  
slower for manual gear models). If you hear the engine  
Mow when the grass is 3-5 inches long. Do not cut the  
grass shorter than 2 to 2-1/2 inches. Do not cut off more  
that 1 inch of grass in a single pass.  
Proper Mulching  
Mulching consists of a mower  
deck which cuts and recuts clip-  
pings into tiny particles and  
HOW MUCH GRASS TO MULCH  
Mulching Action  
The best mulching action typical-  
ly results from cutting only the  
which then blows them down  
top 1/2 inch to 3/4 inch of grass  
INTO the lawn. These tiny parti-  
cles decompose rapidly into by-  
products your lawn can use.  
blade. This provides short clip-  
pings which decompose properly  
(much more quickly than longer  
UNDER PROPER CONDI-  
clippings). The ideal cutting  
TIONS, your mulching mower will virtually eliminate  
noticeable clippings on the lawn surface.  
height will vary with climate, time of year, and quality of  
your lawn. We recommend that you experiment with both  
the cutting height and ground speed until you achieve  
the best cut. Start with a high cutting height and using  
progressively lower settings until you find a cutting height  
that is matched to your mowing conditions and prefer-  
ences.  
NOTE: When mulching under heavy cutting conditions, a  
rumbling sound may be present and is normal.  
MULCHING REQUIRES EXCELLENT MOWING  
CONDITIONS  
Mulching mowers cannot function properly if the grass is  
wet, or if the grass is simply to high to cut. Even more  
than normal mowing, mulching requires that the grass be  
dry and the the appropriate amount is cut.  
Do not use the mower as a mulching mower during the  
first two or three mowings in the spring. The long grass  
blades, quick growth, and often wetter conditions are  
more suitable for broadcasting (side-discharging) or  
grass bagging operation.  
ENGINE SPEED & GROUND SPEED FOR BROADCASTING  
Use full engine throttle matched with a slow ground  
speed so that clippings will be finely cut. Ground speed  
while mulching should be HALF of the speed that would  
be used when broadcasting (side discharging) under  
similar conditions. Since mulching requires more horse-  
power than broadcasting, using a slower ground speed is  
vitally important for proper mulching operation.  
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Lawn Care & Mowing Information  
• Reduce the evaporation of water from your lawn.  
• Provide a cushioning layer to reduce lawn wear.  
• Moderate soil temperature.  
TIPS On Dealing With Clippings  
Clippings are beneficial to your lawn. A common mis-  
conception about clippings is that they automatically  
lead to thatch—this is untrue. Short clippings produced  
by broadcasting and clippings produced by mulching  
methods actually contribute to a healthy lawn  
because they:  
• Clippings act as a safe, non-polluting and inexpen-  
sive fertilizer that nourishes your lawn. Fresh cut  
grass blades are 85% water, and are a rich source  
of nitrogen which is essential to lush growth. And  
one garbage bag of clippings contains about 1/4 lb.  
of usable organic nitrogen.  
COMPOSTING  
The best way to recycle excess clippings and leave your  
lawn looking immaculate is to collect them with an effi-  
cient collection system and deposit them in a compost  
pile. A compost pile is a collection of grass, leaves, and  
other organic wastes which—when properly tended—  
decompose into an odorless, topsoil material. This  
material, in turn, acts as an inexpensive fertilizer for your  
lawn and garden.  
How to start a healthy compost pile:  
1 Build a bin using bricks, fencing, cement blocks, etc. or pur-  
chase a prefabricated bin from a garden store. The bin  
should also have venting on each side and from the bottom  
to the top.  
2 Fill the bin with alternating layers of yard waste. Follow this  
recipe:  
First layer: 3-4 inches of chopped brush or other coarse  
material.  
Second layer: 6-8 inches of mixed leaves, grass clippings,  
sawdust, etc. Materials should be "sponge damp."  
Third layer: 1 inch of soil to add micro-organisms that help  
break down organic matter.  
Fourth layer: 1-2 inches of manure to provide the nitrogen  
needed by micro-organisms.  
Keep adding layers until the bin is almost full. Top off with  
a 4-6 inch layer of straw and scoop out a "basin" to catch  
rain water.  
3 Four or five days later the pile will reach temperatures of  
140-160 degrees. At this time you'll notice it settling, a  
good sign your compost is working properly.  
4 After 5-6 weeks, fork materials into a new pile, turning the  
outside of the old heap into the center of the new one. Add  
water if necessary. The compost should be ready to use  
within three to four months when dark brown, crumbly, and  
earthy-smelling.  
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Lawn Care & Mowing Information  
SOLUTIONS FOR COMMON MOWING PROBLEMS  
Streaking  
Streaking  
Streaking is when thin strips of uncut grass are left  
behind the mower. Streaking is usually caused by  
operator error or poor blade maintenance.  
CAUSE  
SOLUTION  
Blades are not sharp  
Blades are worn down too far  
Engine speed is too slow  
Sharpen your blades  
Replace your blades  
Always mow at full throttle  
Slow down  
Ground speed is too fast  
Deck is plugged with grass  
Not overlapping cutting rows enough  
Not overlapping enough when turning  
Clean out the mower  
Overlap your cutting rows  
When turning your effective cutting width  
decreases–overlap more when turning  
Stepped Cutting  
Stepped Cutting  
Stepped cutting is sharp ridges or uneven levels left in  
the lawn surface. Stepped cutting is usually caused by  
mower deck damage or misadjustment, or damage to  
mower blades.  
CAUSE  
SOLUTION  
Deck is not leveled correctly  
Tires are not properly inflated  
Blades are damaged  
Level the deck correctly  
Check and inflate the tires  
Replace the blades  
Deck shell is damaged  
Mower spindle is bent or loose  
Blades are installed incorrectly  
Repair or replace the deck  
Repair or replace the spindle  
Reinstall the blades correctly  
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Lawn Care & Mowing Information  
Uneven Cutting  
Uneven Cutting  
Uneven cutting is waviness or smooth troughs in the  
lawn surface. Uneven cutting is usually caused by  
mower deck damage or misadjustment.  
CAUSE  
SOLUTION  
Deck is not leveled correctly  
Blades are dull or worn  
Blades are damaged  
Level the deck correctly  
Sharpen or replace the blades  
Replace the blades  
Deck is clogged with grass clippings  
Deck shell is damaged  
Mower spindle is bent or loose  
Blades are installed incorrectly  
Clean out the deck  
Repair or replace the deck  
Repair or replace the spindle  
Reinstall the blades correctly  
Scalping  
Scalping  
Scalping is when the mower deck comes close to or hits  
the ground. Scalping can be caused by the mower deck  
misadjustment, unevenness in the lawn, or by mower  
deck bouncing because the ground speed is too fast.  
CAUSE  
SOLUTION  
Lawn is uneven or bumpy  
Mower deck cutting height is set too low  
Ground speed is too fast  
Roll or level the lawn  
Raise the cutting height  
Slow down  
Deck is not leveled correctly  
Tire pressure is low or uneven  
Correctly level the deck  
Check and inflate the tires  
Stingers  
Stingers  
Stingers are sparse patches of uncut grass left behind  
the mower. Stingers are usually caused by operator  
error or poor blade maintenance.  
CAUSE  
SOLUTION  
Blades are not sharp or are nicked  
Blades are worn down too far  
Engine speed is too slow  
Sharpen your blades  
Replace your blades  
Always mow at full throttle  
Slow down  
Ground speed is too fast  
Deck is plugged with grass  
Clean out the mower  
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Common International Symbols  
PTO Clutch  
Choke  
Fast (Throttle)  
Slow (Throttle)  
Parking Brake  
Brake  
Throttle  
Fuel  
Mower Cutting  
Height Adjustment  
Headlights  
Technical Manuals  
Additional Technical Literature Available  
Operators Manuals  
Additional copies of this manual are available, (and as part  
of our product support commitment, we maintain a stock of  
printed operators manuals going back many years!)  
Parts Manuals  
Fully illustrated parts manuals are also available —  
these manuals show all of the product’s components in  
exploded views (“3D” illustrations which show the relationship of  
the parts and how they go together), as well as giving the replace-  
ment part numbers and quantities used. Important assembly notes and  
special torque values are included in these manuals.  
Model:  
For the applicable manuals currently available for  
your model, contact your local dealer. Have the  
information listed in the box at the right available  
when making in your request.  
Serial No.:  
Your Name:  
Address:  
City, State, Zip:  
Visa/Mastercard No.:  
Card Expiration Date:  
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Notes  
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