Hughes Radio Antenna AN4 074 DF User Manual
Installation Manual for  
.74 m Ku-band Antenna  
Model AN4-074-DF  
For Consumer Installations  
1035567-0001  
Revision A  
October 31, 2005  
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.  
Important safety information  
For your safety and protection, read this entire installation manual  
before you attempt to install the satellite antenna. In particular,  
read this safety section carefully. Keep this safety information  
where you can refer to it if necessary.  
This section introduces the various types of warnings used in this  
manual to alert you to possible safety hazards.  
Types of warnings used  
in this manual  
DANGER  
Indicates an imminently hazardous situation, which, if not  
avoided, will result in death or serious injury.  
WARNING  
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which, if not  
avoided, could result in death or serious injury.  
CAUTION  
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which, if not  
avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury.  
CAUTION  
Indicates a situation or practice that might result in property  
damage.  
• Important safety information  
1035567-0001 Revision A  
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The following safety alert label is affixed to each side of the  
satellite antenna feed arm:  
Product warning labels  
CAUTION  
This device emits radio frequency energy  
Keep two feet (0.6 meters) away from this point  
Before servicing or upgrading, unplug indoor  
power connection  
T0145005  
This label advises that the antenna emits radio frequency (RF)  
energy. Because of this potential safety hazard, observe all  
cautions in the following section (Antenna installation safety)  
concerning RF radiation.  
Observe the following precautions when installing the satellite  
antenna. This manual also includes additional safety alerts where  
appropriate concerning specific installation  
procedures.  
Antenna installation  
safety  
WARNING  
Only HNS-certified installers may install or service  
DIRECWAY earth stations and components. All  
HNS-certified installers must expressly acknowledge the  
HNS requirements for DIRECWAY installations.  
DANGER  
If you work on a roof, tower, or other high structure or use a  
ladder or scaffold to access the work site, follow these  
precautions to prevent personal injury or death:  
• Walk only on sound roof structures.  
• Make sure the antenna assembly and installation  
surface are structurally sound so they can support all  
loads (equipment weight, ice, and wind).  
• Use appropriate safety equipment (for example, a  
lifeline), depending on the work location.  
• Follow all safety precautions from the manufacturers of  
all safety equipment and other equipment used.  
• Perform as many procedures as possible on the ground.  
• Important safety information  
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DANGER  
• To avoid electric shock, stay at least 20 ft from power  
lines.  
• If any part of the antenna or mount assembly comes in  
contact with a power line, call your local power  
company to remove it. Do not try to remove it yourself.  
Failure to heed these warnings could result in serious injury  
or death.  
WARNING  
• Do not work in high wind or rain or if a storm, lightning,  
or other adverse weather conditions are present or  
approaching.  
• Do not attempt to assemble, move, or mount the  
antenna on a windy day. Even a slight wind can create  
strong, unexpected forces on the antenna surface.  
• Important safety information  
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CAUTION  
Observe these precautions to avoid exposure to RF  
radiation, a potential safety hazard:  
• The antenna must be installed in a location or manner  
not readily accessible to children and in a manner that  
prevents human exposure to potentially harmful levels  
of radiation.  
• Antennas mounted in Puerto Rico, the continental  
United States, or at any site with greater than a 30°  
elevation angle must be installed such that the lower lip  
of the antenna reflector is at least 5 ft above any surface  
upon which a person might be expected to stand, and  
3 ft 3 in. from any opening (such as a door or window) in  
a building or adjacent structure.  
• Antennas mounted in Canada, Alaska, Hawaii, or any  
site with less than a 30° elevation must be installed such  
that the lower lip of the antenna reflector is at least  
5 ft 9 in. above any surface upon which a person might  
be expected to stand, and 3 ft 3 in. from any opening  
(such as a door or window) in a building or adjacent  
structure.  
• The antenna must be mounted such that no object  
which could reasonably be expected to support a  
person is within 6 ft 7 in. of the edges of a cylindrical  
space extending from the antenna reflector.  
• If the above distance requirements cannot be met, the  
antenna must be mounted in a controlled area  
inaccessible to the general public, such as a fenced  
enclosure or a roof.  
• The antenna must be mounted such that there is no  
object outside the controlled area which could  
reasonably be expected to support a person within  
6 ft 7 in. of the edges of a cylindrical space extending  
from the antenna reflector.  
• A fenced installation must have a locked entry, and the  
fenced area must be large enough to protect the general  
public from exposure to potentially harmful levels of  
radiation.  
Failure to observe these cautions could result in injury to  
eyes or other personal injury.  
• Important safety information  
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CAUTION  
• All installations of any type or size must carry an  
industry standard and government approved Radiation  
Hazard Caution label on the feed arm.  
• A fenced or roof installation in a commercial, industrial,  
or institutional environment must carry a Radiation  
Hazard Caution sign on the access door, gate, or  
permanently mounted access ladder that is within plain  
sight of anyone approaching the antenna from the front  
or sides of the reflector.  
Failure to observe these cautions could result in injury to  
eyes or other personal injury.  
Some installations may require additional precautions. See also  
the Antenna Site Preparation and Mount Installation Guide  
(HNS 1035678-0001).  
• Important safety information  
1035567-0001 Revision A  
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• Important safety information  
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Contents  
Important safety information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii  
Types of warnings used in this manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii  
Product warning labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv  
Antenna installation safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv  
About this document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xv  
Scope and audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xv  
Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xv  
Revision record. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvi  
Chapter 1  
Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1  
Broadband satellite system components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1  
Antenna installation overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3  
Tasks related to antenna installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4  
Selecting the installation site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4  
Installing the antenna mount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4  
Grounding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4  
Cables and cabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4  
Chapter 2  
Antenna parts and required tools. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5  
Antenna kit components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5  
Az/El cap and collar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6  
Antenna reflector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6  
Feed arm and radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7  
Trimast (or other antenna mount). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8  
Optional shroud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8  
Small hardware list. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9  
Tools. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10  
Chapter 3  
Installing the radio and antenna assemblies . . . . . . . . .11  
Determining the pointing values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12  
Assembling the Az/El cap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13  
Installing the Az/El cap onto the antenna. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15  
Adjusting elevation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16  
Adjusting polarization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18  
Installing the fine elevation pointing tool. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20  
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Installing a shim for vertical transmit polarization . . . . . . . . . .21  
Installing the radio assembly on the feed arm . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25  
Connecting the feed arm to the antenna reflector. . . . . . . . . . . .26  
Installing the antenna assembly onto the mast . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28  
Attaching the optional shroud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29  
Chapter 4  
Cabling and connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31  
Routing the cables at the ODU. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32  
Connecting the transmit and receive cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33  
Transmit cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33  
Receive cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34  
Ground connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35  
Chapter 5  
Pointing the antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37  
Antenna pointing overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38  
Using the installation software. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38  
Peaking the signal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38  
Personnel requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39  
Pointing parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39  
Outdoor pointing interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39  
OPI block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40  
Prerequisites for antenna pointing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41  
Adjusting the antenna. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42  
Pointing adjustments on Az/El cap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43  
Checking the azimuth, elevation, and polarization settings . . . .44  
Receive pointing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45  
Adjusting azimuth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45  
Peaking the signal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46  
Adjusting elevation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47  
Adjusting polarization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49  
Isolating the transmit signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50  
Final steps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52  
Removing the fine elevation pointing tool. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52  
Acronyms and abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53  
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55  
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Figures  
Chapter 1  
1. Installed .74 m antenna. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2  
Chapter 2  
2. Az/el cap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6  
3. Antenna reflector (rear view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6  
4. Feed arm (unattached) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7  
5. Radio assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7  
6. Trimast in various configurations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8  
7. Optional shroud for feed assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8  
Chapter 3  
8. Revolving plate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13  
9. Aligning the revolving plate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13  
10. Aligning the Az/el cap bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14  
11. Antenna adjustments for elevation and polarization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15  
12. Locating the polarization scale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15  
13. Adjusting elevation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16  
14. Locating the elevation reference edge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17  
15. Reading the elevation reference edge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17  
16. Adjusting polarization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18  
17. Placing the Az/El cap on the antenna reflector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19  
18. The fine elevation pointing tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20  
19. Shim location next to TRIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21  
20. Horizontal shim and vertical shim for transmit polarization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22  
21. Direction of TRIA rotation for vertical polarization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23  
22. TRIA position for horizontal and vertical transmit polarization . . . . . . . . . . . .24  
23. Securing the O-ring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25  
24. Radio assembly installed on the feed arm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26  
25. Inserting the wedge nut bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27  
26. Installing the antenna assembly onto the mast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28  
27. Feed horn groove . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29  
28. Shroud screws. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30  
29. Feed assembly with shroud. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30  
• Figures  
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Chapter 4  
30. Transmit and receive cable configurations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32  
31. Connecting the transmit cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33  
32. Connecting the receive cable to the LNB. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34  
33. Ground screw on the transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35  
Chapter 5  
34. OPI (optional tool) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39  
35. OPI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40  
36. OPI block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40  
37. Adjusting azimuth, elevation, and polarization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42  
38. Pointing features on the Az/el cap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43  
39. Antenna adjustment locations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43  
40. Locating and lining up the azimuth bearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44  
41. Adjusting azimuth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45  
42. Adjusting elevation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47  
43. Elevation nuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47  
44. Adjusting elevation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49  
• Figures  
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Tables  
Chapter 2  
1. Parts list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9  
2. Tools required to install and point the antenna. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10  
• Tables  
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• Tables  
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About this document  
This manual explains how to assemble, install, and point the  
DIRECWAY® model AN4-076-DF .74 m antenna. It is written  
for qualified installers who are familiar with satellite antenna  
installation practices and are capable of properly applying the  
information presented. The installer may be required to:  
Scope and audience  
• Use a power drill to drill holes into a building.  
• Locate studs, rafters, or trusses and drill holes in the exact  
center of them.  
• Determine whether there are water pipes, electrical wiring, or  
gas lines hidden in the walls near where you will be drilling.  
• Route coaxial cable through the foundation wall, under  
floors, and through interior walls.  
• Ground the satellite antenna and coaxial cable as  
recommended in the National Electrical Code (published by  
the National Fire Protection Association, Batterymarch Park,  
Quincy, MA 02269).  
This manual is divided into the following chapters:  
Organization  
• Chapter 1 – Overview includes a summary of the installation  
steps and tells you where to find information about tasks  
related to antenna installation.  
• Chapter 2 – Antenna parts and required tools describes the  
components and parts provided in the antenna kit.  
• Chapter 3 – Installing the radio and antenna assemblies  
provides instructions for installing the antenna.  
• Chapter 4 – Cabling and connections provides information  
about making connections to the radio assembly.  
• Chapter 5 – Pointing the antenna explains how to point the  
antenna at the satellite, connect the transmitter, and acquire  
the satellite signal.  
• About this document  
1035567-0001 Revision A  
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This section describes the revision history of this manual.  
Revision record  
Revision  
Date of issue  
April 7, 2004  
Scope  
1
Initial release  
Production release  
A
October 31, 2005  
• About this document  
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Chapter 1  
Overview  
The DIRECWAY model AN4-074-DF .74 m antenna is used for  
Ku-band consumer installations.  
This chapter presents an overview of the DIRECWAY broadband  
satellite system, a summary of the antenna installation steps, and  
information about tasks related to antenna installation. These  
topics are included in the following sections:  
• Broadband satellite system components on page 1  
• Antenna installation overview on page 3  
• Tasks related to antenna installation on page 4  
The .74 m antenna is a part of the DIRECWAY broadband  
satellite system, which consists of the following major  
components:  
Broadband satellite  
system components  
• Indoor unit (IDU)  
• Antenna and radio assembly (outdoor unit, ODU)  
• Cables for connecting the IDU to the antenna (radio) and the  
computer  
• Installation software, including antenna pointing functions  
Chapter 1 • Overview  
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Figure 1 shows the .74 m antenna installed on a pole mount.  
Radio (not visible)  
in optional shroud  
Antenna  
reflector  
Transmitter  
Feed arm  
Mast  
Figure 1: Installed .74 m antenna  
Chapter 1 • Overview  
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The antenna installation steps and related tasks are summarized  
below. The steps in bold type are documented in this manual.  
Antenna installation  
overview  
1. Choose an installation site.  
2. Select a method for mounting the antenna.  
3. Install the antenna mount.  
4. Install the IDU.  
Note: Install the IDU before installing the antenna so you  
can run the installation software to determine the pointing  
values (azimuth, elevation, and polarization).  
5. Use the installation software to determine the pointing  
values (azimuth, elevation, and polarization).  
(Chapter 3 – Installing the radio and antenna assemblies)  
6. Assemble and install the Az/El cap.  
(Chapter 3 – Installing the radio and antenna assemblies)  
7. Install the radio on the feed arm.  
(Chapter 3 – Installing the radio and antenna assemblies)  
8. Attach the feed arm to the antenna reflector.  
(Chapter 3 – Installing the radio and antenna assemblies)  
9. Assemble the antenna.  
(Chapter 3 – Installing the radio and antenna assemblies)  
10. Install the antenna on the mount.  
(Chapter 3 – Installing the radio and antenna assemblies)  
11. Run cable to connect the radio to the IDU.  
12. Connect the cables to the ODU.  
(Chapter 4 – Cabling and connections)  
13. Ground the antenna assembly.  
14. Point the antenna.  
(Chapter 5 – Pointing the antenna)  
For the steps not shown in bold type, see the following section,  
Tasks related to antenna installation.  
Chapter 1 • Overview  
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This section explains where you can find information on tasks  
related to antenna installation.  
Tasks related to antenna  
installation  
Factors you should consider in selecting an installation site are  
discussed in the DIRECWAY Antenna Site Preparation and  
Mount Installation Guide (HNS 1035678-0001).  
Selecting the installation  
site  
A suitable antenna mount must be installed before the antenna  
can be installed. For pole mounts that require a concrete base, you  
must allow at least 24 hr for the concrete to cure before you can  
install the antenna. Plan accordingly.  
Installing the antenna  
mount  
For complete information concerning antenna mount installation,  
including various mounting methods, refer to the DIRECWAY  
Antenna Site Preparation and Mount Installation Guide. Use  
only the antenna mount installation methods documented in the  
DIRECWAY Antenna Site Preparation and Mount Installation  
Guide.  
The entire antenna assembly must be grounded. For grounding  
information, refer to your training, best grounding practices, and  
applicable parts of the National Electrical Code (NEC).  
Grounding  
For cable specifications, see the IDU manual. How the cable is  
run depends on the specific installation site. Route and connect  
the cable according to your training and best practices.  
Cables and cabling  
Chapter 1 • Overview  
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Chapter 2  
Antenna parts and required tools  
This chapter describes the components and parts provided with  
the model AN4-074-DF antenna kit. It includes the following  
sections:  
• Antenna kit components on page 5  
• Small hardware list on page 9  
• Tools on page 10  
This section identifies and describes the key components of the  
.74 m antenna kit. For an illustration of an installed .74 m  
antenna, see Figure 1 on page 2.  
Antenna kit  
components  
The key components are:  
• Azimuth/elevation (Az/El) cap  
• Antenna reflector  
• Feed arm and radio assembly  
Related components:  
• Trimast or other mount  
• Optional shroud  
Chapter 2 • Antenna parts and required tools  
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The Az/El cap (Figure 2) is used to point the antenna at the  
satellite. The Az/El cap is shipped unassembled; it can be  
assembled in about 2 to 5 min.  
Az/El cap and collar  
Az/El mechanism  
Revolving plate  
Polarization plate  
Figure 2: Az/el cap  
The Az/El cap is shipped in a bag containing:  
• Az/El mechanism  
• Revolving plate  
• Polarization plate  
• Four 7/16-in. bolts, nuts, and washers  
The antenna reflector is shown in Figure 3.  
Antenna reflector  
Figure 3: Antenna reflector (rear view)  
Chapter 2 • Antenna parts and required tools  
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Figure 4 shows the feed arm, and Figure 5 shows the radio  
assembly.  
Feed arm and radio  
Figure 4: Feed arm (unattached)  
The radio assembly (Figure 5) consists of the transmitter, low  
noise block converter (LNB), and transmit/receive isolation  
assembly (TRIA).  
Figure 5: Radio assembly  
Chapter 2 • Antenna parts and required tools  
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The trimast is not part of the antenna kit. It is shown here because  
it is the most commonly used mounting option for the .74 m  
antenna. As shown in Figure 6, the trimast can be configured and  
manipulated in several ways to adapt it for mounting onto  
surfaces of various angles. For other suitable mounting options,  
see the DIRECWAY Antenna Site Preparation and Mount  
Installation Guide (HNS 1035678-0001).  
Trimast (or other antenna  
mount)  
Wall  
Mast  
Struts (2)  
T0145002  
Flat roof  
Figure 6: Trimast in various configurations  
Pitched roof  
The shroud shown in Figure 4 is optional. It attaches to the feed  
assembly to protect the feed assembly and improve its  
appearance, but it is not required.  
Optional shroud  
Figure 7: Optional shroud for feed assembly  
Chapter 2 • Antenna parts and required tools  
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Table 1 lists the small hardware parts that are included in the  
antenna kit. You may have hardware left over after you have  
completed installation.  
Small hardware list  
Table 1: Parts list  
Item  
Details  
Quantity  
Parts used for antenna assembly and installation  
Bolts  
5/16-18  
5/16 in.  
5/16 in.  
M4  
2
6
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
Flat washers  
Lock washers  
Lock washers  
Bolts (with Az/El cap)  
Nuts (with Az/El cap)  
7/16 in.  
7/16 in.  
Washers (with Az/El cap)  
Allen screws  
7/16 in.  
M4  
Self-tapping screws  
Wedge nut  
5/16 in.  
5/16-18  
Hex-head bolt for wedge nut  
O-ring  
5/16-18 x 2 in.  
Rubber  
Parts used for grounding  
1/4-20 x 1/2 in.  
Toothed, 1/4 in.  
1/4-20  
Grounding bolt  
Star washer  
1
1
1
Hex-head ground nut  
Note: Items needed to connect the antenna to the IDU are  
shipped with the IDU.  
If you use the optional shroud, three Phillips head screws are  
included in a bag taped to the shroud.  
Chapter 2 • Antenna parts and required tools  
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Table 2 lists the tools required to assemble, install, and point the  
antenna.  
Tools  
Table 2: Tools required to install and point the antenna  
Tool  
Details  
Open-end wrench  
1/2 in.  
Open-end or  
7/16 in.  
socket wrench  
Socket wrench or  
adjustable wrench  
5/16 in.  
1/2 in.  
Socket wrench  
Torque wrench  
With 1/2-in. socket capable of torquing to  
12 ft-lbf  
Allen wrench  
3 mm  
Phillips-head screwdriver No. 2; needed if the optional shroud is  
installed  
Compass  
Pencil  
Hand-held  
Carpenter’s pencil  
Reusable  
Fine elevation pointing  
tool  
Chapter 2 • Antenna parts and required tools  
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Chapter 3  
Installing the radio and  
antenna assemblies  
This chapter explains how to install the antenna, radio, and  
associated hardware. Topics include:  
• Determining the pointing values on page 12  
• Assembling the Az/El cap on page 13  
• Installing the Az/El cap onto the antenna on page 15  
• Installing the fine elevation pointing tool on page 20  
• Connecting the feed arm to the antenna reflector on page 26  
• Installing a shim for vertical transmit polarization on  
page 21  
• Installing the radio assembly on the feed arm on page 25  
• Connecting the feed arm to the antenna reflector on page 26  
• Installing the antenna assembly onto the mast on page 28  
• Attaching the optional shroud on page 29  
The mast must be installed before you can install the antenna. For  
information on antenna mounting methods, see the DIRECWAY  
Antenna Site Preparation and Mount Installation Guide  
(HNS 1035678-0001).  
CAUTION  
Before you install the antenna, read all safety information in  
the section titled Important safety information on page iii.  
Chapter 3 • Installing the radio and antenna assemblies  
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Before proceeding, use the installation software to determine the  
initial values to use for setting azimuth, elevation, and  
polarization. Record these values and keep them handy for  
reference as you install and point the antenna. In this manual,  
installation software refers to:  
Determining the  
pointing values  
• Satellite-based commissioning (SBC) – This is the preferred  
and most automated method for pointing the antenna. You  
connect to a Web-based auto-commissioning system  
(WebACS) and follow the on-screen instructions.  
or  
• WebSetup – You log onto a DIRECWAY Web site and use the  
WebSetup installation software.  
You may use installation software from either of these sources. In  
each case, the software configures the IDU, calculates your exact  
location, and uses the location and other information to help you  
point the antenna. The installation software calculates the values  
you use to set azimuth, elevation, and polarization.  
Follow the instructions in the IDU installation manual for  
accessing and using SBC or WebSetup.  
Chapter 3 • Installing the radio and antenna assemblies  
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The Az/El cap is shipped un-assembled. Follow the directions in  
this section to assemble it. You should be able to assemble it in  
about 2-5 min.  
Assembling the Az/El  
cap  
To assemble the Az/El cap:  
1. Place the revolving plate on a flat surface. See Figure 8.  
Figure 8: Revolving plate  
2. Place the polarization plate over the revolving plate.  
3. Use one hand to hold the two plates together. Align the  
revolving plate so its four bolt holes are visible, as shown in  
Figure 9.  
Figure 9: Aligning the revolving plate  
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4. Place the Az/El mechanism over the revolving plate so the  
bolt holes align.  
5. Install a bolt from underneath the revolving plate. While  
holding it with one hand, install the 7/16-in. flat washer and  
nut. See Figure 10.  
6. Repeat until all four bolts are installed.  
Align bolt from  
underneath and  
install washer  
and nut.  
Figure 10: Aligning the Az/el cap bolts  
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Before you attach the Az/El cap to the antenna, you must set the  
antenna elevation and polarization. As you set the elevation and  
polarization, refer to Figure 11.  
Installing the Az/El cap  
onto the antenna  
Elevation nuts  
(one on each side)  
Clamp bolts  
(3)  
Elevation  
scale  
Canister  
TOP label  
Polarization  
scale  
Polarization nuts (4)  
Figure 11: Antenna adjustments for elevation and polarization  
The cap has an arrow, labeled TOP, to show you how to orient the  
cap vertically. (See Figure 12.)  
Figure 12: Locating the polarization scale  
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This section describes how to adjust the antenna elevation to the  
value determined by the installation software. Later, when you  
point the antenna, you fine-tune the elevation adjustment.  
Adjusting elevation  
Figure 13 illustrates how you adjust the elevation by moving the  
antenna up and down.  
Elevation  
Elevation  
T0145007  
Figure 13: Adjusting elevation  
To adjust the elevation:  
1. Make sure you know the elevation value calculated by the  
installation software.  
2. Orient the Az/El cap so the TOP label is at the upper right.  
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3. Use a 1/2-in. socket wrench or open-end wrench to loosen the  
two elevation nuts. See Figure 14.  
4. Locate the elevation reference edge on the elevation scale on  
the right side of the cap assembly. See Figures 14 and 15.  
Elevation nut  
(one on each  
side)  
Elevation  
reference  
edge  
Figure 14: Locating the elevation reference edge  
Read the elevation value  
at the elevation reference  
edge. In this picture, the  
elevation is set to 34°.  
Figure 15: Reading the elevation reference edge  
5. Move the canister until the elevation reference edge is at the  
correct value.  
Later, when you point the antenna, you fine-tune the elevation  
adjustment.  
6. When the edge is at the correct elevation value, tighten the  
two elevation nuts.  
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This section describes how to adjust the antenna’s polarization to  
the value determined by the installation software. Later, when you  
point the antenna, you fine-tune the polarization adjustment.  
Adjusting polarization  
Figure 16 illustrates how you adjust polarization by rotating the  
antenna.  
Polarization  
T0145008  
Figure 16: Adjusting polarization  
Adjust polarization as follows:  
1. Make sure you know the polarization value calculated by the  
installation software.  
2. Locate the polarization scale (see Figure 12 on page 15). The  
0 value is at the top of the Az/El cap.  
3. Turn the Az/El cap to the correct polarization value. Align the  
mark on the top of the Az/El cap with the correct value on the  
polarization scale. Figure 12 on page 15 shows a setting of  
positive 3°. Each tick mark represents 2°.  
4. When the polarization is at the correct value, tighten the four  
polarization nuts. As you tighten, make sure the polarization  
remains at the correct value.  
Later, when you point the antenna, you fine-tune the  
polarization adjustment.  
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5. Place the Az/El cap over the screw holes in the back of the  
antenna reflector (see Figure 17).  
Self-tapping screws  
Self-tapping screws  
Bottom of reflector  
Figure 17: Placing the Az/El cap on the antenna reflector  
Make sure the Az/El cap mount screw holes are properly  
aligned with the holes in the antenna reflector. The arrow on  
the Az/El labeled TOP should point to the top of the antenna  
reflector. Make sure the reflector is oriented so the section  
with a hole in its rim is on the bottom.  
6. Use a 7/16-in. socket or open-end wrench to install the four  
5/16-in. self-tapping screws and flat washers in the holes.  
Turn each screw clockwise until contact is made with the  
mount surface. Then use a torque wrench with 1/2-in. socket  
to tighten them to 10 ft-lbf. Do not overtighten.  
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The fine elevation pointing tool (Figure 18) consists of a long  
elevation adjustment bolt with a clamp on one end and a flange on  
the other end. The clamp and flange attach to the Az/El cap as  
shown in Figure 18.  
Installing the fine  
elevation pointing tool  
Flange  
Flange bolts  
and nuts (2 sets)  
Elevation adjustment  
nuts (2). Do not remove.  
Elevation  
adjustment  
bolt  
Do not remove  
this nut and bolt.  
Clamp  
Clamp bolt with nut  
on opposite end  
Figure 18: The fine elevation pointing tool  
Install the fine elevation pointing tool as follows:  
1. Align the two clamp bolt holes with the holes at the base of  
the elevation cap.  
2. Use a 1/2-in. wrench to install the elevation clamp bolt and  
nut.  
3. Swing the flange so the two bolts on its wide side align with  
the installation holes on the Az/El cap.  
4. Insert the flange bolts in the holes and use a 1/2-in. wrench to  
secure them using the flange bolt nuts.  
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Follow the instructions in this section only if installation  
specifications or a service order states that vertical transmit  
polarization is required.  
Installing a shim for  
vertical transmit  
polarization  
If vertical transmit polarization is not required, go to Installing  
the radio assembly on the feed arm on page 25.  
The radio assembly is shipped with a horizontal transmit  
polarization shim installed. If vertical transmit polarization is  
required, you must remove the horizontal shim and replace it with  
a vertical transmit polarization shim.  
Note: If you need to change from horizontal to vertical transmit  
polarization on an antenna that has the radio assembly already  
installed on the feed arm, you will have to remove the radio  
assembly from the feed arm before you can follow the instructions  
in this section.  
Figure 19 shows where the shim is located and shows three of the  
four Allen screws that hold the shim in place.  
TRIA  
Shim  
(See also  
Figure 20.)  
Allenscrews  
(4 total)  
Waveguide  
Figure 19: Shim location next to TRIA  
To replace the horizontal shim with a vertical shim, follow these  
steps:  
1. Obtain a vertical transmit polarization shim kit (HNS model  
VTX-SHIM-KIT, P/N 1033809-0001).  
Figure 20 on page 22 shows what a vertical shim looks like.  
2. Loosen and remove the four Allen screws that hold the shim  
in place. See Figure 19.  
3. Separate the end of the waveguide from the shim.  
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Figure 20 illustrates the difference between the horizontal  
shim and vertical shim. Note the positions of the alignment  
pins.  
TRIA  
Horizontal shim in place  
Vertical shim in place  
(In this photograph, the TRIA  
has not yet been rotated.)  
Alignment  
pins  
O-ring  
Alignment  
pins  
Horizontal shim  
Vertical shim  
Figure 20: Horizontal shim and vertical shim for transmit polarization  
4. Remove the horizontal shim and O-ring.  
5. Install the vertical shim and O-ring in the same location.  
Because of its shape and alignment pins on the  
transmit/receive isolation assembly (TRIA), the vertical shim  
can only be installed in the position shown in Figure 20  
(upper right photo). Note the position of the alignment pins.  
Likewise, the horizontal shim can only be installed in one  
position.  
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Because of the shim’s alignment pins, you must rotate the  
TRIA 90° from its horizontal polarization position. You must  
rotate the TRIA before you re-attach the waveguide end so  
you can insert the shim alignment pins into the waveguide  
end plate. See Figures 21 and 22.  
Figure 21: Direction of TRIA rotation for vertical polarization  
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Figure 22 shows how the TRIA is positioned for horizontal  
transmit polarization compared to how it is positioned for  
vertical transmit polarization.  
TRIA  
Horizontal polarization  
TRIA  
TRIA rotated for vertical polarization  
Figure 22: TRIA position for horizontal and vertical transmit  
polarization  
6. Make sure the O-ring shown in Figure 21 on page 23 is in  
place in the shim.  
7. With the TRIA correctly positioned (rotated), place the  
waveguide end plate against the shim.  
8. Insert and tighten the four Allen screws.  
Now you are ready to install the radio assembly on the feed arm.  
Chapter 3 • Installing the radio and antenna assemblies  
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If the radio assembly is already attached to the feed arm, skip this  
section and go to Connecting the feed arm to the antenna  
reflector on page 26.  
Installing the radio  
assembly on the feed  
arm  
Follow these steps to install the radio assembly on the feed arm:  
1. Place the O-ring in the circular depression in the square end  
of the feed arm. See see Figure 23.  
O-ring  
Figure 23: Securing the O-ring  
2. Align the square end of the radio assembly with the square  
end of the feed arm so you can install the four M4 screws.  
Install the lock washers on the screws. Use the Allen wrench  
to install the M4 Allen screws, but do not fully tighten them.  
3. Align the bolt holes on the top of the transmitter with the bolt  
holes on the bottom of the feed arm.  
4. Install the 5/16-18 bolts in the aligned holes. Finger tighten  
them; do not tighten them further at this time.  
5. Use the Allen wrench to tighten the Allen screws.  
Chapter 3 • Installing the radio and antenna assemblies  
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6. Use a 5/16-in. socket wrench or open-end wrench to tighten  
the bolts attaching the transmitter to the feed arm.  
7. Make sure the transmitter and feed arm are oriented correctly,  
as shown in Figure 24.  
Feed assembly  
Transmitter  
Waveguide  
Figure 24: Radio assembly installed on the feed arm  
8. Attach the transmitter to the bottom of the feed arm.  
When you are done, the assembly looks like Figure 24.  
This section describes how to connect the feed arm to the antenna  
reflector.  
Connecting the feed  
arm to the antenna  
reflector  
Note: If you are installing the antenna assembly on a metal pole  
mount, it may be easier to attach the feed arm after you have  
installed the antenna on the Az/El cap. See Installing the antenna  
assembly onto the mast on page 28. However, if you are using a  
ladder, it may be easier to attach the feed arm to the antenna before  
installing it on the Az/El cap.  
Note: Make sure the feed arm is oriented as shown in Figure 24.  
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To connect the feed arm to the antenna reflector:  
1. Insert the 5/16-18 wedge nut, thinner end first, into the slot  
provided on the back of the reflector, as shown in Figure 25.  
The wedge nut is keyed so that it will fit properly only one  
way into its slot in the reflector.  
Make sure the hole in the wedge nut is aligned with the hole  
in the reflector so you can insert the bolt. See Figure 25.  
Antenna  
reflector  
5/16 - 18  
wedge  
nut  
Feed arm  
Wedge nut  
Transmitter  
Close-up view  
5/16-in.  
flat washer  
5/16 - 18  
hex bolt  
5/16-in.  
lock washer  
T0145009  
Figure 25: Inserting the wedge nut bolt  
2. Install the feed arm into the feed support socket on the  
underside of the antenna reflector.  
If you have the reflector turned upside down to insert the feed  
arm, the orientation is the opposite of that shown in  
Figure 25.  
3. Use a 1/2-in. wrench to secure the feed arm with a 5/16-in.  
flat washer, 5/16-in. lock washer, and 5/16-18 hex bolt. Use a  
torque wrench to tighten the hex bolt from 8 ft-lbf to 10 ft-lbf.  
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This section describes how to install the antenna assembly  
(including the Az/El cap) onto the mast.  
Installing the antenna  
assembly onto the mast  
To install the antenna assembly onto the mast:  
1. Lightly grease the area at the end of the mast or metal pole  
that will be covered by the Az/El cap canister. This makes it  
easy to rotate the antenna to adjust the azimuth. Any grease  
will do; you can use automotive grease or household grease  
such as Vaseline.  
2. Use a 1/2-in. open-end wrench to loosen the three clamp nuts  
and the elevation pivot bolt nut so the collar can slide over the  
mast or metal pole.  
3. Lift the antenna assembly and slide the Az/El cap onto the  
mast or metal pole (see Figure 26).  
The antenna should face toward the satellite.  
4. Tighten the clamp nuts all the way, then loosen them just  
enough to move the antenna reflector from side to side and  
adjust the azimuth. The clamp bolts should be as snug as  
possible, but still allow the antenna reflector to be moved  
from side to side.  
To satellite  
Clamp bolt nuts  
Place Az/El cap  
over mast or metal  
pipe  
Mast or metal pipe  
Figure 26: Installing the antenna assembly onto the mast  
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This section explains how to attach the optional shroud to the feed  
assembly. The shroud helps protect the feed assembly and  
improves its appearance, but it is not required.  
Attaching the optional  
shroud  
One side of the shroud is wider than the other. You place the  
wider side on the right side of the feed assembly, as you face the  
antenna.  
The shroud screws are in a bag taped inside the shroud. The two  
side screws are optional, but installing them does provide a  
tighter fit and plug the screw holes.  
Before placing the shroud over the feed assembly, be sure the  
cables are positioned so that when the shroud is placed it does not  
interfere with or cause sharp bends in the cables, especially at the  
connectors.  
To attach the shroud:  
1. Facing the antenna reflector, place the shroud over the feed  
assembly so that the broad side is on the right. Align the side  
screw holes. The sides of the oval hole fit either behind, or in  
the feed horn groove, which is shown in Figure 27.  
Groove  
Figure 27: Feed horn groove  
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2. Use a No. 2 Phillips-head screwdriver to install the bottom  
screw. See Figure 28.  
Side screw holes,  
one on each side  
Bottom  
screw  
Figure 28: Shroud screws  
3. Optional: Install the two side screws. The final assembly will  
look like Figure 29.  
Figure 29: Feed assembly with shroud  
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Chapter 4  
Cabling and connections  
This chapter illustrates where the ODU transmit, receive, and  
ground connectors are located; shows how to route the transmit  
and receive cables at the ODU, and explains how to connect the  
transmit and receive cables to the radio assembly. You must  
connect the transmit, receive, and ground cables before you can  
point the antenna (Pointing the antenna on page 37).  
The chapter includes these sections:  
• Routing the cables at the ODU on page 32  
• Connecting the transmit and receive cables on page 33  
• Ground connection on page 35  
Before you perform the steps explained in this chapter, you must  
route and terminate the transmit and receive cables from the IDU  
to the ODU. For cable specifications and cabling between the  
IDU and ODU, see the IDU instruction manual. How the cables  
are run depends on the specific installation site. Route and  
connect the cables according to your training and best practices.  
CAUTION  
Coaxial cable can corrode if exposed to moisture. Use  
weatherproof connectors. Do not use push-on connectors.  
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Route the coaxial transmit and receive cables at the ODU as  
follows:  
Routing the cables at  
the ODU  
1. Route the transmit cable (marked with blue electrical tape) to  
the back of the transmitter in a configuration similar to that  
shown in Figure 30.  
Receive cable  
(marked with  
RED tape)  
Receive cable  
passes through  
feed arm.  
LNB  
Transmitter  
Transmit cable  
(marked with  
BLUE tape)  
T0145004  
Figure 30: Transmit and receive cable configurations  
2. Route the receive cable (marked with red electrical tape) up  
the mast, behind the reflector, and through the feed arm to the  
LNB to achieve a configuration similar to that shown in  
Figure 30.  
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This section explains how to connect the transmit and receive  
cables to the radio assembly.  
Connecting the transmit  
and receive cables  
Connect the transmit cable to the transmitter as follows:  
Transmit cable  
1. From inside the building, disconnect the IDU power supply.  
2. Go outside and connect the transmit cable (marked with blue  
electrical tape) to the transmitter connector marked IFL, as  
shown in Figure 31.  
Use a weatherproof connector.  
Transmitter cable  
connector  
Figure 31: Connecting the transmit cable  
3. Tighten the connection with a 7/16-in. wrench.  
4. Secure drip loops and other points on the cable with cable  
ties.  
5. Back inside the building, reconnect the IDU power supply.  
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Connect the receive cable to the LNB as follows:  
Receive cable  
1. Connect the receive cable (marked with red tape) to the LNB  
connector as illustrated in Figure 32.  
Receive F connector, female  
Figure 32: Connecting the receive cable to the LNB  
2. Tighten the cable connector with a 7/16-in. wrench.  
3. Apply dielectric silicone grease to the connection.  
4. Secure the cable with cable ties.  
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Figure 33 shows the location of the ground screw on the  
transmitter. Ground the transmitter and mast. For grounding  
procedures, refer to your training, best grounding practices, and  
applicable parts of the NEC.  
Ground connection  
Transmit  
F connector,  
female  
Ground  
screw  
Not used  
Figure 33: Ground screw on the transmitter  
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Chapter 4 • Cabling and connections  
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Chapter 5  
Pointing the antenna  
This chapter explains how to point the antenna and connect the  
transmitter. Topics include:  
• Antenna pointing overview on page 38  
• Prerequisites for antenna pointing on page 41  
• Adjusting the antenna on page 42  
• Checking the azimuth, elevation, and polarization settings on  
page 44  
• Receive pointing on page 45  
• Isolating the transmit signal on page 50  
• Final steps on page 52  
As you perform these procedures, observe the following safety  
precautions:  
CAUTION  
• This device emits radio frequency energy when in  
transmit mode. To avoid injury, do not place head or  
other body parts between feed horn and antenna when  
system is operational. Keep at least 2 ft away from the  
area between the feed horn and the reflector when the  
system is operational.  
• Disconnect power from the IDU before performing  
maintenance or adding upgrades to any antenna  
components.  
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This chapter describes a general procedure for pointing the  
antenna. The objectives for antenna pointing are to:  
Antenna pointing  
overview  
• Locate and detect the satellite signal  
• Peak the signal to achieve the greatest possible signal  
strength  
The exact pointing procedure depends on the installation software  
used, SBC or WebSetup. (For a description of SBC and  
WebSetup, see Determining the pointing values on page 12.)  
Using the installation  
software  
The installation software guides you through a step-by-step  
process for installing the IDU and pointing the antenna. It  
calculates your exact location and the values you use to set  
polarization, elevation, and azimuth.  
Use the information in this chapter as a guide for the overall  
pointing process and for instructions on how to make mechanical  
adjustments to the antenna. For specific steps, follow the  
instructions in the IDU manual and on the installation software  
screens.  
In general you will alternate between these two activities:  
• Following the software prompts and instructions  
• Adjusting the antenna (azimuth, elevation, and polarization)  
as necessary to acquire and then peak the satellite signal. The  
required adjustments are different for each installation  
location.  
Correct antenna alignment is critical to the operation of the  
system. When the antenna is pointed directly at the satellite, it  
receives a strong signal. If it is not pointed properly, the signal  
may be weak, and errors may result during data transfers.  
Peaking the signal  
Antenna pointing is accomplished by first receive pointing the  
antenna and then isolating the transmit signal. Receive pointing  
adjusts the antenna to obtain the best receive signal. Isolating the  
transmit signal fine tunes the antenna alignment for the strongest  
possible signal received by the DIRECWAY Network Operations  
Center (NOC). Both processes are explained later in this chapter.  
To point the antenna, you go through cycles of making small  
adjustments to the antenna until you are satisfied you cannot get a  
stronger satellite signal. When you have achieved the strongest  
possible signal, you have peaked the signal.  
You may achieve the strongest signal strength after just a few  
adjustments, or you may find that several adjustments are needed.  
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By obtaining the strongest possible signal you ensure that the  
terminal can use all the system’s capacity.  
One person can point the antenna if an OPI is used. Otherwise,  
pointing is usually a two-person task. One person aims and  
adjusts the antenna while the other watches the signal strength  
display on the computer and relays the readings to the person at  
the antenna. A portable telephone or walkie-talkie is helpful for  
this.  
Personnel requirements  
Prior to antenna pointing, you use the installation software to  
enter parameters such as longitude, latitude, and polarization  
angle. Or you can enter the local ZIP code and let the software  
calculate these values.  
Pointing parameters  
The OPI, shown in Figure 34, is an optional tool that eliminates  
the need for a laptop computer on the roof. It is a portable  
repeater that displays the same values as are shown on the  
computer running the installation software.  
Outdoor pointing interface  
Cable  
connector  
Display  
Figure 34: OPI (optional tool)  
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The OPI attaches to the receive cable from the LNB, as shown in  
Figure 35. Note that the OPI will not work unless it is enabled on  
the appropriate screen on the installation software. (Check the  
box labeled Enable OPI Display.) For further details, see Outdoor  
Pointing Interface Operating Instructions  
(HNS 1031832-0001).  
LNB  
DIRECWAY  
22-kHz block  
(if rquired)  
OPI  
T0145011  
IDU  
Ground  
block  
Figure 35: OPI  
OPI block If you use an OPI with a model RA6-074 radio assembly, you  
must use a 22-kHz block (filter). This block, illustrated in  
Figure 36, is included in the OPI kit. Its model number is  
OPI-Block 22 KHZ-BLOCK.  
Male  
connector –  
to cable  
Female  
connector –  
to OPI  
Figure 36: OPI block  
Install the block between the OPI and the radio as illustrated in  
Figure 35. Some variations of this block may have female  
F connectors at both ends. If the block you use has two F  
connectors, you will have to make a jumper cable to connect to  
the OPI.  
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The following are required for antenna pointing:  
Prerequisites for  
antenna pointing  
• The antenna must be installed.  
• The IDU must be installed.  
• The transmit and receive cables must be connected to the  
IDU and ODU.  
• The outdoor pointing interface (OPI) must be installed.  
• The ODU and IDU must be grounded.  
• You must have access to the installation software. (See Using  
the installation software on page 38.)  
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To point the antenna you make three adjustments:  
Adjusting the antenna  
• Azimuth – Side-to-side adjustment  
• Elevation – Adjustment up and down  
• Polarization – Rotational adjustment  
These adjustments are illustrated in Figure 37. The corresponding  
mechanical adjustments on the antenna are explained in the  
sections that follow.  
Negative (-)  
h
-x°  
Note: When recording  
or using antenna pointing  
values, you must pay  
attention to whether  
values are positive (+)  
or negative (-).  
0°  
+x°  
Positive (+)  
Azimuth  
Elevation  
+x°  
°
0
-x°  
Elevation  
Polarization  
0°  
+x°  
-x°  
T0145010  
Antenna reflector,  
front view  
Polarization  
Figure 37: Adjusting azimuth, elevation, and polarization  
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Figures 38 and 39 show the antenna parts that are used to adjust  
antenna azimuth, elevation, and polarization.  
Pointing adjustments on  
Az/El cap  
Antenna reflector  
Polarization scale  
Holes for installing  
fine elevation tool  
Elevation scale  
Figure 38: Pointing features on the Az/el cap  
Polarization  
nut (1 of 4)  
Polarization  
scale  
Canister  
TOP label  
Elevation nut  
(one on each side)  
Clamp bolt  
(1 of 3)  
Elevation scale  
Figure 39: Antenna adjustment locations  
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1. Check to see if the elevation reference and polarization  
settings are still at their previously set values (the values  
calculated by the installation software). If they are not, see  
Installing the Az/El cap onto the antenna on page 15 and  
follow the instructions to align the antenna to the correct  
values.  
Checking the azimuth,  
elevation, and  
polarization settings  
2. If you have not already done so, tighten the clamp nuts all the  
way; then loosen them just enough to move the antenna  
reflector from side to side to adjust the azimuth.  
The clamp bolts should be as snug as possible, while still  
allowing the antenna reflector to be moved from side to side.  
See Figure 39.  
3. Use a compass to determine the azimuth bearing specified by  
the installation software as follows:  
a. Rotate the antenna reflector in azimuth (sideways) until the  
reflector is pointed at the magnetic bearing. Use a pencil to  
mark the location on the mast, and label this mark 1.  
b. Mark the location on the Az/El cap above mark 1. This is  
the azimuth alignment mark. (See Figure 40.)  
Elevation  
reference  
edge  
Marks 1, 2, and 3  
Azimuth  
alignment mark  
Figure 40: Locating and lining up the azimuth bearing  
c. Make another mark on the mast 3/4-in. to the right of mark  
1 and label it 2. Make another mark on the mast  
3/4-in. to the left of mark 1 and label it 3.  
4. Stand behind the antenna and point the front of the reflector  
to the left of the estimated bearing to the satellite so the  
azimuth alignment mark lines up with mark 2.  
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Receive pointing peaks the receive signal. You must peak the  
signal even if the antenna is locked to it.  
Receive pointing  
Use the installation software to check the signal strength. Then  
adjust the antenna to peak the signal. The installation software  
shows numerical and graphic indications of signal strength.  
Adjusting azimuth Figure 41 illustrates how you adjust antenna azimuth by moving  
the antenna from side to side.  
T0145006  
Figure 41: Adjusting azimuth  
To adjust the azimuth, follow these steps:  
1. Stand behind the antenna, grasp the outer edges of the  
reflector and, while looking at the azimuth alignment mark,  
adjust the azimuth 1/8-in. toward the center pencil mark,  
mark 1.  
2. Let go of the antenna and count slowly to 5 while reading the  
signal strength value from the OPI.  
Allow the IDU enough time to track and register the signal  
strength.  
Note: Make small adjustments (never more than 1/8 in. of  
azimuth as measured at the mast). Wait 5 sec between  
adjustments to give the IDU enough time to lock onto the  
satellite signal.  
3. If you are receiving a signal and the signal strength has  
changed, go to Peaking the signal on page 38, step 1.  
If no signal is present and the azimuth alignment mark has  
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not yet moved to mark 3 on the mast, return to step 1 (in  
Adjusting azimuth) and adjust it again. Keep moving the  
reflector a little at a time until you get a signal.  
4. Keep moving the antenna reflector a little at a time until you  
detect a signal or until you reach the limit to the right.  
5. If there is no signal after the antenna reflector has been  
moved from mark 2 to mark 3 (1-1/2 in.), there may be an  
error. If there is no signal, perform the following quick  
checks.  
– Check the coaxial cable connections at the LNB, IDU, and  
all the connections in between.  
– Make sure there are no obstructions such as trees blocking  
the signal.  
– Make sure you recorded and properly set the azimuth,  
elevation, and polarization values.  
– Verify the azimuth setting by moving 15 ft in front of or  
behind the antenna and taking another compass reading.  
Metal near the compass, such as a car or even a belt buckle,  
can give a false reading.  
– Point the front of the antenna reflector to the left of the  
estimated bearing to the satellite so the alignment mark on  
the Az/El cap lines up with the right-most pencil mark you  
made on the mast.  
– Repeat the steps beginning with step 1 (in Adjusting  
azimuth on page 45).  
After the satellite is detected, peak the signal as follows:  
Peaking the signal  
1. Mark the mast with a pencil so you can find the azimuth  
bearing again.  
2. After detecting the satellite, continue turning the antenna  
reflector a small amount in the same direction you were  
turning it when you began receiving the satellite signal.  
Pause for 5 sec after each time you move the reflector.  
3. Turn the reflector in this fashion until the signal strength  
values displayed by the installation software begin to  
decrease.  
4. When the numbers begin to decrease, slowly turn the  
reflector in the opposite direction until you regain the highest  
number that was previously achieved.  
Achieving this maximum signal strength is called peaking the  
signal.  
5. When you have peaked the azimuth, tighten the three clamp  
nuts on the canister completely.  
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Adjusting elevation Figure 42 illustrates how you adjust the elevation by moving the  
antenna up and down.  
Elevation  
Elevation  
T0145007  
Figure 42: Adjusting elevation  
Fine-tune the antenna elevation as follows:  
1. Loosen the two elevation nuts. See Figure 43.  
The elevation nuts are located on the curved slots on each  
side of the canister. Do not confuse the elevation nuts with the  
elevation adjustment nuts (also shown in Figure 43).  
Elevation  
adjustment nuts  
Elevation  
Elevation  
adjustment  
nut (one  
bolt  
on each  
side)  
Canister  
Figure 43: Elevation nuts  
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2. While watching the signal strength display, adjust the  
elevation adjustment nuts by turning them a few turns  
clockwise and counterclockwise until you peak the signal  
again.  
Note: You may have to pull back on the top of the antenna to  
take pressure off the elevation adjustment bolt when making  
adjustments.  
3. When the signal is peaked, tighten the two elevation nuts.  
(See Figure 43 on page 47.)  
4. To be sure you have acquired the strongest possible signal,  
repeat the sequence beginning at step 2 in the section,  
Peaking the signal on page 38.  
5. Adjust azimuth, then elevation, then azimuth again and  
continue until there is no improvement in signal strength.  
6. To complete the alignment process, you must tighten the  
three mast clamp bolts, but tightening them can cause loss of  
signal strength. Monitor the signal strength while tightening  
the clamp bolts in the following sequence:  
a. Tighten the top nut until the signal strength begins to  
degrade, then back off until you have regained the peak  
signal.  
b. Tighten the bottom nut until the signal strength begins to  
degrade, then back off until you have regained the peak  
signal.  
c. Repeat steps a and b if necessary to peak the signal.  
d. If you can fully tighten the top and bottom nuts without loss  
of signal, then also tighten the middle nut and go to step 7.  
(Skip step e.)  
e. If you cannot fully tighten the top and bottom nuts without  
loss of signal, further elevation adjustment is necessary. Go  
back to step 1 and begin the sequence again.  
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7. While watching the signal strength number to ensure that it  
stays at maximum, tighten the elevation nuts in the following  
sequence:  
a. Snug the left nut but do not completely tighten it.  
b. Snug the right nut but do not completely tighten it.  
c. Fully tighten the left nut (torque to 12 ft-lbf).  
d. Fully tighten the right nut (torque to 12 ft-lbf).  
Adjusting polarization Polarization refers to rotation of the antenna (as shown in  
Figure 44) and is measured in degrees from zero (no rotation),  
positive or negative. Polarization is positive east of the satellite  
longitude and negative west of the satellite longitude.  
Figure 44 illustrates how you adjust the antenna’s polarization by  
rotating the antenna.  
Polarization  
T0145008  
Figure 44: Adjusting elevation  
To adjust polarization, follow these steps:  
1. Fine-tune the polarization setting by loosening the  
polarization nuts just enough to enable you to rotate the  
antenna reflector a few degrees in each direction. If the signal  
strength does not change, set the polarization to the value  
calculated by the installation software. Otherwise, set the  
polarization at the setting where you peaked the signal.  
2. While monitoring the signal strength number to ensure that it  
stays at maximum, tighten the polarization nuts.  
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To prevent signal cross talk, you use a procedure known as  
Automated Cross Polarization (ACP) to isolate the transmit signal  
from the receive signal. ACP is included in the installation  
software.  
Isolating the transmit  
signal  
The ACP software operates in two different modes—manual or  
automatic fine pointing. The automatic mode takes a snapshot of  
the cross polarization isolation measurement, while the manual  
mode gives real-time feedback of cross polarization isolation  
measurement while adjusting the antenna. Passing the automatic  
test enables the transmitter. Once the transmitter is enabled, the  
site is ready to be registered.  
The ACP method consists of using the manual and/or automatic  
fine pointing tests and adjusting the antenna by small increments  
(if necessary) until it passes the automatic ACP test.  
Follow the general instructions below for the ACP tests. Use the  
installation software screens to initiate tests and see the test  
results.  
First run an automatic ACP test:  
1. Before running ACP tests, lock down all antenna adjustment  
nuts and bolts.  
2. Initiate an automatic ACP test.  
If the antenna passes this test, it is pointed and ready to be  
registered.  
The following test is necessary only if the antenna fails the  
automatic ACP test:  
1. Loosen the four polarization nuts one-quarter of a turn—just  
enough so you can adjust the polarization.  
2. Using the software screen, initiate a manual ACP test.  
3. When the test starts, make small, 1° or less changes in  
polarization while observing the transmitter isolation.  
4. Peak the polarization to the highest possible transmitter  
isolation.  
5. Tighten the four polarization nuts.  
Note: When you adjust any one of the axes (polarization,  
elevation, or azimuth) you may also have to adjust one or both  
of the other axes.  
6. If the antenna passes the manual test, stop the test and run the  
automatic ACP test again.  
If the antenna passes the automatic test, it is pointed and  
ready to be registered.  
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The following steps are necessary only if the antenna does not  
pass the manual ACP test:  
1. Loosen the two elevation nuts.  
In the following steps you make very small adjustments in  
azimuth and elevation. If you make too great a change, you  
lose the receive signal and the test cannot continue because  
you are out of contact with the NOC. You then have to go  
back to the receive pointing instructions (Receive pointing on  
page 45) and perform that procedure again.  
2. Peak the elevation setting by making small adjustments to the  
elevation adjustment nuts on the fine elevation adjustment  
tool. Do not turn the nuts more than one-quarter of a turn at  
a time.  
3. Tighten the two elevation nuts.  
4. If the antenna passes the manual test, stop the test and run the  
automatic ACP test again.  
If the antenna passes the automatic test, it is pointed and  
ready to be registered.  
The following steps are necessary only if the antenna does not  
pass the manual ACP test after you adjust the elevation:  
1. Loosen the three clamp bolts just enough so you can change  
the azimuth.  
2. Stand behind the antenna. Observe the signal strength while  
you make very small adjustments—1/16-in. or less of Az/El  
cap movement on the mast.  
3. Peak the azimuth to the highest possible signal strength  
value.  
4. Tighten the three clamp bolts.  
5. Run the automatic ACP test again.  
If the antenna passes, it is pointed and ready to be registered.  
If the antenna did not pass the automatic ACP test, repeat the very  
small polarization, azimuth, and elevation adjustments and ACP  
tests as many times as necessary until you have peaked the signal  
and the antenna passes the automatic ACP test.  
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After pointing, make sure the required safety labels and/or signs  
are present:  
Final steps  
• Make sure a Radiation Hazard Caution label is present,  
legible, and visible on the feed arm.  
• If the antenna is enclosed by a fence, make sure a Radiation  
Hazard Caution sign is present, legible, and visible on the  
entrance gate.  
• If the antenna is installed on a roof with a permanently  
mounted access ladder, make sure a Radiation Hazard  
Caution sign is present, legible, and visible on or near the  
ladder.  
Be sure to remove the fine elevation pointing tool so you can use  
it for subsequent installations.  
Removing the fine elevation  
pointing tool  
1. Remove the pointing tool’s upper and lower brackets from the  
elevation bracket and canister.  
2. Replace the nuts and bolts in the pointing tool’s tool brackets  
so they will not get lost.  
The antenna is now installed and pointed, ready for operation.  
Refer to the IDU installation manual for information on how to  
register and configure the site.  
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Acronyms and abbreviations  
F
O
ft-lbf – Foot-pound force  
ODU – Outdoor unit  
OPI – Outdoor pointing interface  
I
R
IDU – Indoor unit  
in. – Inch  
RF – Radio frequency  
L
S
LNB – Low noise block converter  
sec – Second  
M
T
m – Meter  
TRIA – Transmit/receive isolation assembly  
min – Minute  
mm – Millimeter  
N
NEC – National Electrical Code  
NOC – Network Operations Center  
• Acronyms and abbreviations  
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• Acronyms and abbreviations  
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Index  
A
H
Antenna  
Hardware parts list 9  
adjustment locations 43  
installing onto the mast 28  
mount 4  
I
Installation summary of steps 3  
Isolating the transmit signal 50  
pointing 38  
isolating the transmit signal 50  
receive pointing 45  
reflector 6  
M
Az/El cap 6  
Mount for antenna 4  
assembling 13  
installing 15  
Azimuth, adjusting 44  
O
OPI ground block 40  
C
P
Cables 4  
Parts list 9  
Pointing 38  
fine elevation pointing tool 20  
isolating the transmit signal 50  
receive pointing 45  
Polarization  
connecting 32  
Components 5  
Connectors 31  
E
Elevation  
adjusting 49  
initial setting 18  
shim for vertical or horizontal transmit  
adjusting 47  
fine elevation pointing tool 20  
initial setting 16  
scale 17  
polarization 21  
R
F
Radio assembly  
installing on feed arm 25  
shroud, installing 29  
Receive pointing 38  
Reflector 6  
Feed arm 7  
installing 26  
Fine elevation pointing tool  
installing 20  
G
S
Grounding 4  
Shim for transmit polarization 21  
Shroud for feed assembly 8  
installing 29  
ground screw location 35  
• Index  
1035567-0001 Revision A  
55  
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Signal strength, maximizing 46  
Summary of installation steps 3  
System components 1  
T
Tasks 3  
related to antenna installation 4  
Tool list 10  
Transmit cable  
connecting 33  
routing 32  
Transmit polarization shim 21  
Transmit signal, isolating 50  
Transmitter, connecting 33  
Trimast 8  
• Index  
1035567-0001 Revision A  
56  
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