Furuno Radar Detector FR1500 Mk3 User Manual
15" MULTI-COLOR HIGH-PERFORMANCE  
SHIPBORNE RADAR AND ARPA  
FR-1500 MARK-3 SERIES  
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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS  
DANGER  
Before turning on the radar/ARPA, make sure that there is not one near the  
antenna unit. Serious injury or even death may result if a rotating antenna strikes  
someone standing nearby.  
WARNING  
Radio frequency Radiation Hazard  
The radar antenna emits electromagnetic radio frequency (RF) energy, which can  
be harmful, particularly to your eyes. Never look directly into the antenna aperture  
from a close distance while the radar is in operation or expose yourself to the  
transmitting antenna at a close distance.  
SOFTWARE PROGRAM NO.  
Model  
FR-1500 MARK-3  
FR-1500 MARK-3  
ATA  
Software (Prog No.)  
0359152109  
Date  
March 00  
Dec 01  
0359152110  
1859041102  
June 99  
June 99  
March 00  
ATA  
1859042101  
RP-17  
0359155103  
i
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For your safety:  
WARNING  
Do not open the equipment  
Hazardous voltage which can cause electrical shock exists inside the equipment.  
Only qualified personnel should work inside the equipment.  
Turn off the radar power switch before servicing the antenna unit. Post a  
warning sign near the switch indicating it should not be turned on while the  
antaean unit is being serviced.  
Prevent the potential risk of being struck by the rotating antenna and exposure to  
RF radiation hazard.  
Wear a safety belt and hard hat when working on the antenna unit.  
Severe injury or death can result if someone falls from the radar antenna mast.  
Do not disassemble or modify the equipment.  
Fire, electrical shock or serious injury can result.  
Turn off the power immediately if water leaks into the equipment or the  
equipment is emitting smoke or fire.  
Continued use of the equipment can cause fire or electrical shock.  
WARNING  
Do not place liquid-filled containers on the top of the equipment.  
Fire or electrical shock can result if a liquid spills into the equipment.  
Do not operate the equipment with wet hands.  
Electrical shock can result.  
Keep heater away from equipment  
Heat can alter equipment shape and melt the power cord, which can cause fire or  
electrical shock.  
CAUTION  
Do not use the equipment for other than its intended purpose.  
Use of the equipment as a stepping stool, for example, can result in personal  
injury or equipment damage.  
Replace the monitor when the picture becomes difficult to see.  
The average life of the monitor screen is about 10 years. Replace it when the  
picture becomes difficult to see.  
A warning label is attached to the equipment. Do not remove the label. If the  
label becomes soiled or illegible, contact a Furuno agent or dealer.  
No one navigation device should be solely relied on for navigation of a ship.  
Always confirm position against all available aids to navigation, for safety of ship  
and crew.  
ii  
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TABLE OF CONTENTS  
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................................v  
Specifications of FR-1500 Mark-3 Series shipborne radar.....................................................................viii  
1
OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW................................................................................................................1.1  
1.1 Turning on the Power ...........................................................................................................................1  
1.2 Transmitter ON.....................................................................................................................................1  
1.3 Control Description...............................................................................................................................2  
1.4 CRT Brilliance ......................................................................................................................................3  
1.5 Control Panel Backlighting....................................................................................................................3  
1.6 Tuning the Receiver..............................................................................................................................3  
1.7 Degaussing the Screen ........................................................................................................................4  
1.8 Initializing the Compass Readout..........................................................................................................4  
1.9 Entering Own Ship’s Speed ..................................................................................................................5  
1.10 On-screen Legends and Markers........................................................................................................6  
1.11 Presentation Modes............................................................................................................................7  
1.12 Selecting the Range Scale................................................................................................................10  
1.13 Selecting the Pulselength .................................................................................................................10  
1.14 Adjusting the Sensitivity....................................................................................................................11  
1.15 Suppressing Sea Clutter...................................................................................................................11  
1.16 Suppressing Precipitation Clutter......................................................................................................12  
1.17 Interference Rejector ........................................................................................................................12  
1.18 Measuring the Range .......................................................................................................................13  
1.19 Measuring Bearing............................................................................................................................14  
1.20 Collision Assessment by the Offset EBL ...........................................................................................14  
1.21 Measuring Range and Bearing Between Two Targets.......................................................................16  
1.22 Setting a Target Alarm Zone.............................................................................................................17  
1.23 Off-centering (shift)...........................................................................................................................18  
1.24 Echo Averaging................................................................................................................................19  
1.25 Electronic Plotting Aid (EPA).............................................................................................................21  
1.26 Target Trails (Echo Trails).................................................................................................................24  
1.27 Parallel Index Lines ..........................................................................................................................27  
1.28 Reference Mark (not available with Video Plotter RP-17) ..................................................................27  
1.29 Zoom (R-type only)...........................................................................................................................28  
1.30 Markers............................................................................................................................................29  
1.31 Suppressing Second-trace Echoes ...................................................................................................30  
1.32 [F1] Key............................................................................................................................................30  
1.33 [F2] Key............................................................................................................................................31  
1.34 FUNCTION Key................................................................................................................................32  
1.35 Adjusting Brilliance of Screen Data ...................................................................................................34  
1.36 Echo Stretch, Contrast, Enhanced Video ..........................................................................................35  
1.37 Watch Timer.....................................................................................................................................36  
1.38 Noise Rejector..................................................................................................................................37  
1.39 Navigation Data................................................................................................................................37  
1.40 Alarm Output (R-type only) ...............................................................................................................37  
1.41 Outputting Target Position (R-type only) ...........................................................................................37  
1.42 Degaussing Interval..........................................................................................................................38  
1.43 Background Color.............................................................................................................................38  
1.44 Clutter Sweep...................................................................................................................................38  
1.45 Day, Night Brilliance .........................................................................................................................39  
1.46 Contrast............................................................................................................................................39  
1.47 Radar Map (RP-17 board required)...................................................................................................40  
1.48 Alarms..............................................................................................................................................44  
1.49 Enlarging Close-in Targets (R-type only)...........................................................................................46  
1.50 A/D Converter Curve Setting (R-type only)........................................................................................46  
1.51 Echo Area (R-type only)....................................................................................................................47  
iii  
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1.52 Real Time Heading Up (R-type only).................................................................................................47  
OPERATION OF AUTOMATIC TRACKING AID (ATA) ARP-17 ..........................................................2.1  
2
2.1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................1  
2.2 Criteria of Tracking ...............................................................................................................................2  
2.3 Activating, Deactivating the ATA...........................................................................................................4  
2.4 Entering Own Ship’s Speed ................................................................................................................5  
2.5 Acquiring Targets .................................................................................................................................6  
2.6 Terminating Tracking of Targets ...........................................................................................................8  
2.7 Vectors True or Relative.......................................................................................................................9  
2.8 Displaying Target Data .........................................................................................................................9  
2.9 Past Position Display..........................................................................................................................10  
2.10 Set and Drift .....................................................................................................................................10  
2.11 Alarms..............................................................................................................................................11  
2.12 Track Test (Simulation Display) ........................................................................................................13  
2.13 Outputting Target Data .....................................................................................................................13  
2.14 Diagnostic Sequence........................................................................................................................14  
2.15 Factors Affecting ARPA Functions....................................................................................................15  
3
RADAR OBSERVATION......................................................................................................................3.1  
3.1 General ................................................................................................................................................1  
3.2 False Echoes........................................................................................................................................2  
3.3 SART (Search and Rescue Transponder).............................................................................................4  
3.4 RACON (Radar Beacon).......................................................................................................................6  
4
5
OPERATION OF VIDEO PLOTTER RP-17 (OPTION)..........................................................................4.1  
MAINTENANCE...................................................................................................................................5.1  
5.1 Periodic Maintenance Schedule............................................................................................................1  
5.2 Life Expectancy of Major Parts .............................................................................................................2  
5.3 Replacement of Batteries......................................................................................................................2  
6 TROUBLESHOOTING .........................................................................................................................6.1  
6.1 Easy Troubleshooting...........................................................................................................................1  
6.2 Advanced-level Troubleshooting...........................................................................................................2  
6.3 Diagnostic Test.....................................................................................................................................6  
6.4 Menu Hiearchy .....................................................................................................................................8  
7
OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT.....................................................................................................................7.1  
7.1 Performance Monitor (Option)...............................................................................................................1  
8
DIGITAL INTERFACE (IEC 61162-1 Edition 1 and 2)) ........................................................................8.1  
Description of Sentences......................................................................................................................3  
9
PARTS LOCATION and PARTS LIST .................................................................................................9.1  
9.1 ANTENNA UNIT, SCANNER OUTLINE and RF MODULE....................................................................1  
9.2 Circuit diagrams....................................................................................................................................5  
9.3 Parts list ...............................................................................................................................................8  
Declaration of conformity to type  
iv  
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INTRODUCTION  
Word to the Owner of FURUNO Radar  
Thank you for purchasing this FURUNO radar. We are confident you will discover why FURUNO  
has become synonymous with quality and reliability.  
Dedicated in the design and manufacture of marine electronics equipment for half a century,  
FURUNO Electric Company has gained an unrivaled reputation as a world leader in the industry.  
This is the result of our technical excellence as well as our worldwide distribution and service  
network.  
Please carefully read and follow the safety information and operating and maintenance instructions  
set forth in this manual before attempting to operate the equipment and conduct any maintenance.  
Your radar set will perform to the utmost of its ability only if it is operated and maintained in  
accordance with the correct procedures.  
Features of This Series of Radars  
•
•
Daylight-bright rasterscan 15-inch multi-color, high-resolution display  
New microprocessing technology with high-speed high-density gate array and software  
expertise  
•
•
New cast aluminum scanner gearbox and new series of radiators  
Easy operation by combination of discrete keys, rotary controls, and menu operation, all  
logically arranged and configured  
•
Electronic Plotting Aid (EPA) fitted standard, Automatic Tracking Aid (ATA) option exceeding  
IMO and IEC standards  
•
•
•
Reliable CPA and TCPA warning in any plotting mode, accurate target data  
Stand-alone or integrated configuration  
Meets the current and future IMO and IEC standards as a shipborne radar. New radar standard  
MSC.64(67) Annex 4 must be met for new installation on and after January 1, 1999  
FR-1500 Mark-3 Series of Radars  
This Series of FURUNO radars are designed to meet various customers’ needs and the exacting  
requirements of international and national standards and regulations including:  
- IMO A.477(XII):  
Performance Standards for Radar Equipment (up to 31.12.1998)  
- IMO MSC.64(67) Annex 4: Performance Standards for Radar Equipment (1.1.1999 and after)  
- IEC 60936-1:  
- IEC 60872-2:  
Shipborne Radar Operational and Performance Requirement  
(1.1.1999 and after)  
Automatic Tracking Aids (ATA)  
- IEC 60945: 1996-11(3rd Ed) Marine Navigational Equipment General Requirements  
v
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Models  
This series of radar and ARPA is available in the following models:  
FR-1505 MARK-3  
FR-1510 MARK-3  
FR-1525 MARK-3  
X-band 6 kW  
X-band 12 kW  
X-band 25 kW  
All come with the EPA (Electronic Plotting Aid) fitted standard. An option is available to provide the  
full functionality of ATA (Automatic Tracking Aid). A Video Plotter (Chart Plotter), which provides  
Radar Map functions, and Performance Monitor are also optionally available.  
The FR-1500 MARK-3 Series is available in the Regular type (R-type) and IMO type. The R-type  
satisfies the IMO and IEC standards but includes more flexibility of functionality. These radars  
comply with the carriage requirements on the relevant type of ships of the 1974 SOLAS  
Convention.  
The table below shows the differences between R-type and IMO-type radars. Other functions and  
specifications are common. The operator cannot navigate between the two types.  
Function  
IMO type  
Regular type (R-type)  
Range scales  
0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.5, 3, 6, 12,  
24, 48, 96 nm  
0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.5, 3, 6, 12,  
24, 48, 72, 96 nm (sm, km on menu)  
Target Alarm  
zones  
Radar:  
Radar: Target Alarm Zone:  
1st and 2nd TAZs anywhere. Alarm can  
2 Target Alarm Zones. NO. 1 TAZ:  
between 3 and 6 nm in 0.5 nm depth, be selected for inside (as TAZ) or  
NO. 2: anywhere when NO. 1 is valid. outside (as off-zone Anchor Watch).  
ATA: One Guard Zone:  
ATA: One Guard Zone:  
Anywhere  
Default GZ covers 3.5-4 nm,  
adjustable between 3 and 6 nm, in 0.5  
nm range depth.  
x2 Zoom  
Not available  
Available on menu  
Echo colors  
Monochrome yellow or green in 16  
tones  
Choice of monochrome in 16 tones or  
3 colors depending on echo strengths  
Speed mode  
Manual, Log  
Not available  
Manual, Log, and NAV (GPS, DGPS)  
1, 2, 3, 4  
Target trail  
intensity  
Close-in range Not available  
enhancement  
CENter ENHANCE on menu  
A, B, C, D  
A/D curve  
Not available  
vi  
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When the gyrocompass or magnetic compass is not connected to IMO type radar, the functions  
mentioned below are inoperative.  
In this case, the HDG SNSR on the SET UP 2 menu of the Installation menu should be set to OFF.  
(See page 5-7 in the installation manual.)  
1. Alert and indication for heading sensor do not appear on the screen and also the indication  
of HDG does not appear on the screen.  
2. The PLOT on the main menu is not accessible. Therefore, the menus of EPA and ATA are  
not accessible.  
3. On the menu of "FUNC1 SET", "FUNC2 SET" and "FUNC3 SET", the ECHO AVG is not  
available. However, echo averaging can be turned on without gyrocompass connection by  
setting ECHO AVG ON on the OTHER menu of the Installation menu.  
4. On the F•2 MENU, the following are inoperative.  
2. TRAIL MODE  
15. PLOT MENU  
16. MARK MODE  
18.DRIFT MENU  
26. EXT WP  
30. EBL/+/PI  
5. MODE on the TGT TRAIL menu is not accessible. The mode of target trail is always  
relative.  
6. SET & DRIFT on the OTHER menu is not accessible.  
7. DEGS DEG on the DEGAUSS menu is not accessible.  
8. EXT WPT on the NAV DATA menu is not accessible.  
9. The MODE key is not accessible. The display mode is fixed to heading-up mode.  
10.EBL/+/PI on the EBL/VRM/+ menu is not accessible.  
11.HDG SET on the OTHERS menu is not accessible.  
12.The cursor position (Lat./Long.) is not displayed but range and bearing from own ship to the  
cursor are displayed.  
13.VECTOR T/R and ECHO AVG on the F•1 menu are not accessible.  
14.MODE on the MARK menu is not accessible. The mark mode is always relative.  
15.RP-17 and ARP-17 are not available.  
vii  
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Specifications of FR-1500 Mark-3 Series shipborne radar  
8. Plotting facilities:  
ANTENNA RADIATORS  
EPA:  
10 targets manual plot, automatic  
1. Type:  
Slotted waveguide array  
follow-up. Warning if not plotted  
within 10 min. Disabled when ATA  
board ARP-17 is accommodated.  
2. Beamwidth:  
Radiator type: XN12AF XN20AF XN24AF  
Length: 4 ft 6.5 ft 8 ft  
1.23° 0.95°  
20° 20°  
ATA:  
Automatic tracking for up to 20  
targets (10 manually acquired plus  
10 auto acquired, or 20 manually  
acquired). Complies with IMO  
MSC.64(67) Annex 4 and IEC  
60872-2. Needs ARP-17 optionally.  
Beamwidth(H): 1.8°  
Beamwidth(V): 20°  
Sidelobe ±10°: -28 dB (all radiators)  
Polarization:  
3. Rotation:  
Horizontal (all radiators)  
24 rpm or 42 rpm  
Common feature: Sea and ground stabilized Vectors  
and target trails  
Note: 42 rpm is not available in 12 VDC system  
9. Radar map:  
Nav lines, coastlines, buoys, etc.  
produced by operator. 3000 pts in  
Radar mode, 6000 pts on IC card in  
Chart mode. Needs RP-17 Board to  
meet MSC.64(67) Annex 4.  
RF TRANSCEIVER  
1. Frequency:  
9410 MHz ±30 MHz (X-band)  
2. Output power:  
10. Target Alarm Zone: TAZ: Two Target Alarm Zones  
FR-1505M3:  
FR-1510M3:  
FR-1525M3:  
6 kW  
12 kW  
25 kW  
One GZ (ATA): Default 3.5-4.0 nm,  
±45° of heading line (bow)  
11. Parallel Index Line: Choice of 2 or 6 lines  
3. Range, Pulselength (PL) & PRF  
Range scales P/L (µs)  
PRF (Hz)  
3000  
INTERFACE  
1. IEC 61162-1:  
0.125, 0.25  
0.5  
0.07  
RSD, TTM, etc.  
0.07/0.15  
3000  
2. Gyrocompass:  
Built-in interface (option) for sync  
signal (20-135 V, 50-400 Hz), or  
stepper signal (20-135 VDC), any  
polarity  
0.75, 1.5  
3
2 from 0.07/0.15/0.3  
3000/1500  
2 from 0.07.15/0.3/0.5/0.7 3000/1500  
6, 12  
24  
2 from 0.3/0.5/0.7/1.2  
2 from 0.5/0.7/1.2  
1.2  
1500/1000  
1000/600  
600  
3. Speed log:  
IEC 61162-1, contact closure or  
200/400/500 pulses/nm  
48, 96  
4. IF:  
60 MHz, Logarithmic.  
BW 28/3 MHz  
POWER SUPPLY  
DC power  
5. Noise figure:  
6. Duplexer:  
6 dB  
FR-1505 MARK-3: 24 rpm: 12/24-32 VDC, 15.4/7.1-5.3  
A (19.6/9.2-6.9 A)  
Ferrite circulator with diode limiter  
42 rpm: 24-32 VDC, 7.5-5.6 A  
(10.4-7.8 A)  
DISPLAY UNIT  
FR-1510 MARK-3: 24 rpm: 12/24-32 VDC, 17.5/8.3-6.3  
A (22.0/10.2-7.7 A)  
1. Picture tube:  
15” color CRT, effective diameter:  
185 mm. Yellow or green echoes in  
16 levels. Rasterscan non-interlace  
at 48.3 kHz hor, 60 Hz vert. R-type  
has yellow or green monochrome  
plus 3 color display with echo  
strengths.  
42 rpm: 24-32 VDC, 8.8-6.6 A  
(11.5-8.6A)  
FR-1525 MARK-3: 24 rpm: 24-32 VDC,  
9.2-6.9/11.0-8.3 A)  
42 rpm: 24-32 VDC, 9.6-7.2 A  
(12.3-9.2 A)  
2. Minimum range and range discrimination:  
35 m  
AC power (100/110/115 or 220/230 VAC, 1φ, 50-60 Hz)  
FR-1505 MARK-3: : (24/42 rpm): 2.7/2.9 (3.5/3.9) A at  
100 V  
3. Range scales:  
0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.5, 3, 6, 12,  
24, 48, 96 nm  
4. Range accuracy: 1 % of the maximum range of the  
scale in use, or 30 m, whichever is the greater.  
FR-1515 MARK-3: : (24/42 rpm):3.1/3.3 (3.9/4.4) A at  
100 V  
5. Bearing discrimination: Better than 2.5°  
6. Bearing accuracy: ±1°  
FR-1525 MARK-3: : (24/42 rpm):3.4/3.6 (4.2/4.7) A at  
100 V  
7. Presentation:  
Head-up, Head-up TB, North-up,  
Course-up, TM sea or ground  
stabilization  
( ): at wind speed 100 kt  
viii  
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ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS  
COATING COLOR  
1. Ambient temperature (Complies with IEC 60945)  
Display Unit:  
Panel: N3.0 (Dark grey)  
Cover: 2.5GY5/1.5 (Light grey)  
Display unit:  
-15 to +55°C  
Antenna Unit:  
N9.5 (White)  
Antenna unit: -25 to +70°C (Storage)  
2. Relative humidity: 93% at 40°C  
Option  
EQUIPMENT LIST  
.1 Power cable CVV-S8x2C 15 m (for DC set)  
.2 Stepdown transformer RU-1803 (440 V, 1ø)  
.3 Rectifier RU-1746B-2 (115/230 V to 24 VDC)  
.4 Rectifier RU-3424 (115/230 V to 24 VDC for 25 kW, 42  
rpm)  
Standard  
.1 Display unit RDP-119 (AC or DC)  
.2 Scanner unit RSB-0074 (24 rpm), -0075 (42 rpm) with  
RF transceiver unit RTR-067 (6 kW), -062 (12 kW),  
-063 (25 kW)  
.5 42 rpm scanner motor  
.6 ARPA board ARP-17  
.3 Antenna radiator  
XN-12AF (4 ft), -20AF (6.5 ft), -24AF (8 ft)  
.4 Antenna cable 15/20/25/30m (Specify)  
.7 Video plotter board RP-17 (Mandatory on IMO-type)  
.8 ROM card (for digital charts), RAM card (for custom  
data) for RP-17 expanded radar map  
.9 Sub display FMD-8001 (R-type)  
Electromagnetic radiofrequency radiation  
RF power density on  
antenna aperture  
MODEL  
RADIATOR TYPE Distance to 100 W/cm2 Distance to 10 W/cm2  
FR-1505 M3 (X, 6 kW) XN12AF (4’)  
XN20AF (6.5’)  
none  
2.1 m  
75 W/cm2  
FR-1510 M3 (X, 12 kW) XN12AF (4’)  
XN20AF (6.5’)  
1.1 m worst case  
1.1 m worst case  
10.0 m worst case  
10.0 m worst case  
200 W/cm2 worst case  
200 W/cm2 worst case  
FR-1525 M3 (X, 25 kW) XN20AF (6.5’)  
Category of Equipment Units  
Equipment for Protected Area  
Display unit  
Power supply unit  
Interswitch unit  
Equipment for Exposed Area  
Antenna unit (Scanner unit, RF Transceiver unit)  
Performance monitor  
Compass safe distance  
Equipment unit  
Standard compass Steering compass Remarks  
Display unit RDP-119  
Antenna unit RTR-067 (6 kW)  
0.80 (0.50) m  
1.40 (0.85) m  
0.50 (0.30) m  
0.70 (0.45) m  
For all radiators  
Antenna unit RTR-062 (12 kW)  
Antenna unit RTR-063 (25 kW)  
1.70 (1.05) m  
2.10 (1.30) m  
0.90 (0.55) m  
1.20 (0.75) m  
For all radiators  
For all radiators  
RF Transceiver unit  
Performance monitor PM-30 (X-band) 0.4 m  
0.3 m  
Measurements by the BSH, Germany, Cert Nr. 287/2. Figures in ( ) apply to the coastal boats  
under German Regulations.  
ix  
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CONFIGURATION OF FR-1500 MARK-3 SERIES RADARS  
FR-1505 MARK-3  
FR-1510 MARK-3  
FR-1525 MARK-3  
RADIATOR  
ANTENNA UNIT  
XN-12AF (120 cm, 4 ft)  
XN-20AF (200 cm, 6.5 ft)  
XN-24AF (240 cm, 8 ft)  
SCANNER UNIT  
RSB-0074 (24 rpm)  
RSB-0075 (42 rpm)  
RW-4873 (25C + 3C2V)  
TRANSCEIVER module  
Performance Monitor (option)  
PM-30 for X-band  
The antenna unit contains the RF  
transceiver in its scanner housing.  
RTR-067 (6 kW)  
RTR-062 (12 kW)  
RTR-063 (25 kW)  
DISPLAY UNIT  
RDP-119  
ATA BOARD  
ARP-17, ARP-10  
CO-SPEVV-SB-C  
Gyro  
Converter  
Gyro Interface  
GC-8A  
Gyro  
250V-MPYCY-5  
115/230 VAC,  
1ø, 50/60 Hz  
PM INTERFACE  
250V-DPYCY-1.25  
Speed Log  
CO-SPEVV-SB-C  
2C 1.5 m  
VIDEO PLOTTER  
RP-17  
EPFS  
External Buzzer  
RW-4869  
Other Radar system  
RECTIFIER  
24 VDC  
RU-1746B-2  
RU-3424  
Please specify power supply when ordering.  
Optional transformer is required for other mains.  
RU-3424 is for 42 rpm  
25 kW antenna unit  
DISPLAY UNIT available for AC or DC mains.  
12 VDC unit works with 6 or 12 kW, 24 rpm  
antenna unit only.  
115/230 VAC, 1ø, 50/60 Hz 12/24-32 VDC  
Optional Supply  
x
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1 OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW  
1.1 Turning on the Power  
The [POWER] switch is located at the left corner of the display unit. Push it to switch on the radar  
set. To turn off the radar, push it again. The screen shows the bearing scale and digital timer  
approximately 15 seconds after power-on. The timer counts down three minutes of warm-up time.  
During this period the magnetron, that is, the transmitter tube, is warmed for transmission. When  
the timer has reached 0:00, the indication STBY appears, indicating that the radar is now ready to  
transmit pulses.  
Switch S2  
Notice for technicians  
The display unit designed to run on AC voltage  
has a switch (S2) at its rear to cut off 115/230 V  
supply from internal circuits. Thus, the radar will  
not operate when this switch is turned off. Keep it  
in the ON position.  
POWER  
switch  
1.2 Transmitter ON  
After the power is turned on and the magnetron has warmed up, STBY appears at the screen center,  
indicating the radar is ready to transmit radar pulses. Press the [STBY/TX] key to transmit. When  
you won’t be using the radar for an extended period, but you want to keep it in a state of readiness,  
place it in standby by pressing the [STBY/TX] key. The display shows STBY.  
Video Freeze-up Recovery  
Video freeze-up or lock-up can occur unexpectedly on any digital rasterscan radars. This is mainly  
caused by heavy spike noise in the power line and can be noticed by carefully watching the nearly  
visible sweep line. If you suspect that the picture is not updated every scan of the antenna or no  
key entry is accepted notwithstanding the apparently normal pictures, do Quick Start to restore  
normal operation.  
.1 Turn off the Power Switch and within 10 seconds turn it on again.  
.2 Press the Transmit switch labeled STBY/TX for transmit condition.  
-1.1-  
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1.3 Control Description  
Press to select presentation mode - Head-up  
(RM), Head-up True Bearing (RM), Course-up  
(RM), North-up (RM), North-up (TM). Ref.  
MODE  
1
2
3
4
TGT  
TRAIL  
Target trails over selected time. Ref. 1.26.  
TGT  
ALARM  
Sets two target alarm zones. Ref. 1.22.  
Off-centers the radar picture, turns on/off  
MENU ACCESS CONTROL  
PANEL  
SHIFT  
ZOOM Zoom (R-type) or manual-resets the TM  
display. Ref. 1.23.  
Function keys are also used as  
numeral keypads for 0-9.  
INDEX  
LINE  
Controls Parallel Index Lines . Ref. 1.27.  
5
EBL  
OFFSET  
6
7
8
Offset 1st EBL together with Cursor. Ref. 1.20.  
Enters EPA mark. Ref. 1.25.  
PLOT  
SYMBOL  
Inscribes reference marks (Ref. 1.28) or  
marks in Radar map (Ref. 1.47).  
MARK  
F1  
Selects functions of primary controls. Ref. 1.32.  
9
0
Selects setting of one of parameters visible on  
STBY. Ref. 1.33.  
F2  
Primary menu containing: Video Plot, Target  
Trail, Target Alarm, Watch Time, Echo Sig,  
Function, Plot, Mark, Brill, Others. Ref. 1.6, etc.  
MENU  
POWER  
switch  
CANCEL  
CLEAR  
Cancels entry, stops tracking.  
ENTER  
DIRECT ACCESS CONTROL PANEL  
Concludes entry of data, displays target data.  
SELECT  
GAIN  
BRILL  
A/C RAIN  
A/C SEA  
TX  
STBY  
OFF  
EBL  
ON  
OFF ON  
VRM  
DAY/NIGHT (PUSH)  
BKGND  
A/C AUTO (PUSH) HL OFF (PUSH)  
TLL (PUSH)  
FUNCT  
RANGE  
AUDIO  
OFF  
DIMMER  
RINGS  
ION  
+
COLOR  
-
DEGAUSS (PUSH)  
Select FUNC 1, 2 or 3 which is a  
setting of picture effecting parameters.  
Ref. 1.34.  
TLL: Target Latitude/Longitude outputted in IEC 61162-1 format.  
-1.2-  
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1.4 CRT Brilliance  
Operate the BRILL control on the control panel of the display unit to adjust the entire screen  
brightness. Note that the optimum point of adjustment varies with ambient lighting conditions,  
especially between daytime and nighttime.  
1.5 Control Panel Backlighting  
Operate the [DIMMER] key to adjust control panel backlighting.  
1.6 Tuning the Receiver  
1.6.1 Automatic tuning  
The radar is set for automatic tuning at the factory. The radar receiver is tuned automatically each  
time the power is turned on. The tuning indicator and the label AUTO at the top right corner of the  
display unit show the tuning circuit is working. The receiver may become detuned, in automatic  
tuning, if own ship’s radar receives the radar signal of another shipborne radar. To return, press  
the [STBY/TX] key twice.  
1.6.2 Manual tuning  
Press the GAIN control (Push for HL OFF) and adjust the VRM control after setting as below:  
1. Press the [MENU] key.  
MENU  
1. VIDEO PLOT * Requires RP-17.  
2. TGT TRAIL  
3. TGT ALARM  
4. WATCH TIME  
5. ECHO SIG  
6. FUNC  
7. PLOT  
8. MARK  
9. BRILL  
OTHERS  
TUNE  
1. HDG SET  
2. SPD MODE  
MAN LOG  
LOG (S-BT)  
LOG (S-WT)  
1.  
↑
2. MODE  
AUTO MAN  
3. MAN SPD  
4. SET & DRIFT  
5. DISPLAY  
6. MARK/LINE  
7. TUNE  
0. OTHERS  
8. NAV DATA  
9. EBL/+/PI  
0.  
↓
(a) Main menu  
(b) OTHERS menu  
(c) TUNE menu  
2. Press the [0] key twice to display the OTHERS menu. (b)  
3. Press the [7] key to display the TUNE menu. (c)  
4. Press the [2] key to select the option MAN from the MODE field.  
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key. While observing the picture on the 48-mile scale, slowly  
adjust the VRM rotary control while holding down the GAIN control to find the best tuning  
point. Make sure that the radar has been set to the best tuning point. This condition is  
where the tuning indicator lights to about 80% of its total length. Note that the tuning  
indication will never extend to full length.  
6. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.  
-1.3-  
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1.7 Degaussing the Screen  
Each time the radar is turned on, the degaussing circuit automatically demagnetizes the CRT  
screen to eliminate color contamination caused by earth’s magnetism or magnetized ship structure.  
The screen is also degaussed automatically at certain time intervals, which may be selected on the  
menu. While being degaussed, the screen may be disturbed momentarily with vertical lines. If you  
wish to degauss by manual operation, push the EBL rotary control.  
1.8 Initializing the Compass Readout  
With a compass interfaced with the radar, ship’s heading is displayed at the top of the screen.  
Upon turning on the radar, match the on-screen HDG readout with the compass reading by the  
procedure shown below. Once you have set the initial heading correctly, resetting is not usually  
required. However, if the HDG readout goes wrong for some reason, repeat the procedure to  
correct it.  
1. Press the [MENU] key to display the main menu.  
2. Press the [0] key twice to display the OTHERS menu.  
OTHERS  
1. HDG SET  
2. SPD MODE  
MAN LOG  
LOG (S-BT)  
LOG (S-WT)  
NAV is additionally available in  
R-type. If accuracy is doubtful,  
do not use the speed data  
3. MAN SPD  
4. SET & DRIFT  
5. DISPLAY  
6. MARK/LINE  
7. TUNE  
obtained from GPS or DGPS.  
8. NAV DATA  
9. EBL/+/PI  
0.  
↓
3. Press the [1] key to select HDG SET.  
4. Operate the VRM rotary control to duplicate the compass readout on the radar menu display.  
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.  
6. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.  
-1.4-  
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1.9 Entering Own Ship’s Speed  
EPA requires an own ship speed input and compass signal. The speed can be entered from a  
speed log (automatic) or through the plotting keypad (manual).  
1.9.1 Automatic speed input  
1. Press the [MENU] key and the [0] key twice to show the OTHERS menu.  
OTHERS  
1. HDG SET  
2. SPD MODE  
MAN LOG  
LOG (S-BT)  
LOG (S-WT)  
NAV is additionally available  
in R-type. If accuracy is  
doubtful, do not use the speed  
data obtained from GPS or  
DGPS.  
3. MAN SPD  
4. SET & DRIFT  
5. DISPLAY  
6. MARK/LINE  
7. TUNE  
8. NAV DATA  
9. EBL/+/PI  
0.  
↓
2. Press the [2] key to select the menu item SPD MODE.  
3. Press the [2] key again to select the LOG option.  
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to confirm your selection followed by the [MENU] key to close  
the menu. The ship’s speed readout at the right-hand side of the screen shows own ship’s  
speed fed from the speed log with the label LOG, BT or WT.  
Notes:  
1) IMO Resolution A.823(19) for ARPA recommends that a speed log to be interfaced with an  
ARPA should be capable of providing through-the-water speed. The same concept applies to  
the ATA and the EPA.  
2) Be sure not to select LOG when a speed log is not connected. If the log signal is not provided,  
the ship’s speed readout at the screen top will be blank.  
1.9.2 Manual speed input  
If the radar is not interfaced with a speed log, or the speed log does not feed correct speed enter  
the ship’s speed as follows:  
1. Press the [MENU] key and the [0] key twice to show the OTHERS menu.  
2. Press the [2] key several times to select MAN from the SPD MODE field.  
3. Press the [3] key to select the MAN SPD.  
4. Enter speed with the numeric keys.  
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to confirm your selection followed by the [MENU] key to close  
the menu. The ship’s speed readout at the right-hand side of the screen shows own ship’s  
speed fed from the speed log with the label MAN.  
-1.5-  
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1.10 On-screen Legends and Markers  
Range scale  
Range ring interval  
Pulselength  
Target Alarm Zone (Radar) or Guard Zone (ATA),  
1st zone between 3 and 6 nm, 2nd zone anywhere.  
HU/HU TB/CU/NU/TM  
Heading line  
Own ship data  
Heading, Speed value  
and sensor type  
Heading marker  
Parallel index lines  
Parallel index line reference  
AUTO  
MAIN  
HDG 155.0° T GYRO  
2nd Echo  
SART  
12  
000  
SPD 12.0KT WT  
350  
010  
MAP ALIGN  
SET DRIFT  
REL TRAIL  
12:34 30SEC  
020  
2NM  
340  
LOG 00.00KT  
F
030  
00.00KT SB  
330  
PULSE 1 M1  
H U RM  
305.6° R  
+
040  
Cursor position  
from OS, Time-To-Go  
320  
9.02NM  
FUNC1  
COAST  
X-BAND  
38 29 .562°N  
310  
050  
138 18.562°E  
TTG  
45:50  
300  
290  
280  
060  
070  
080  
OWN SHIP (GPS)  
38 32 .222°N  
Own ship data  
L/L, CMG  
(Course Made Good  
+
138 11.212°E  
150.0 T  
CSE  
77.0°T  
WPT01  
0.123NM  
2
TTG 00:00  
by GPS/DGPS)  
1
DEPTH 075.2m  
090  
100  
270  
260  
250  
240  
TEMP 18.0°C  
30-SEPT-1998  
(LOCAL) 00:00  
Depth and Temperature  
if sensors are used  
MAN 00:01  
1
TRUE VECT  
110  
120  
3Min  
WT  
RNG 4.7NM  
ATA data  
BRG 78.5°T  
CSE 264.0°T WT  
IR1  
SPD 10.3K  
WT  
ES1  
CPA 2.9NM  
NR  
130  
230  
TCPA 15:20  
EAV0.5  
A/C AUTO  
EPFS SIGNAL MISSING  
TRIG. AZIMUTH  
VIDEO GYRO LOG  
220  
140  
Warning of signal loss  
Trigger/Azimuth/  
Video/Gyro/Log  
CONTRAST1  
TA1 TA2  
IN IN  
VRM  
10.75NM  
7.00 NM  
210  
150  
200  
GAIN  
160  
EBL  
190  
170  
180  
A/C SEA  
A/C RAIN  
PI  
50  
287.2  
°
R
R
WATCH TIM  
00:00  
°R  
240.0  
°
BRILL  
North marker  
Parallel index line reference 50°  
Stern marker  
Control settings  
R
VRM. NO. 1 and NO. 2  
Active VRM is circumferenced  
EBL. NO. 1 and NO. 2  
Active EBL is circumferenced  
-1.6-  
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1.11 Presentation Modes  
This radar has the following presentation modes: Head-up, Head-up/TB, Course-up, North-up, and  
True Motion.  
1.11.1 Selecting presentation mode  
Press the [MODE] key on the panel at the right side of the display unit. Each time the [MODE] key is  
pressed, the presentation mode and mode indication at the upper-left corner of the screen change  
cyclically.  
Note: When a failure occurs in the gyrocompass, the radar will automatically be switched to  
unstabilized presentation mode. All compass related data will read Relative values.  
Loss of Gyrocompass signal  
When the compass signal is lost, the presentation mode automatically becomes head-up and the  
HDG (heading) readout at the top of the text area reads xxx.x°. Also GYRO SIGNAL MISSING  
appears in red at the lower right corner on the screen. Press the MODE key, and the x’s go off.  
Then, match the on-screen HDG readout with the heading value.  
-1.7-  
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1.12 Selecting the Range Scale  
The display range scale is changed by pressing the [+] and [-] keys. The selected range scale and  
range ring interval are shown at the upper left corner on the screen. When a target of interest  
comes closer, reduce the range scale so that it appears in 50-90% of the display radius. The range  
scales are 0.125-0.25-0.5-0.75-1.5-3-6-12-24-48-96 nm.  
Press the [RANGE] key to select range. The range, range ring interval and pulselength appear at  
the top left corner of the display.  
1.13 Selecting the Pulselength  
The pulselength in use is displayed at the upper-left position. Appropriate pulselengths are preset  
to individual range scales and function keys. Therefore, you are not usually required to select them.  
If you are not satisfied with the current pulselength settings, however, it is possible to change them  
by the ECHO SIG menu as below. The pulselength is selectable on the ranges 0.5 to 24 nm.  
1.13.1 Selecting pulselength 1 or 2  
1. Press the [MENU] key to display the Main menu.  
2. Press the [5] key twice to select ECHO SIG.  
3. Press the [6] key or [7] key to select PULSE 1 or PULSE 2 as appropriate.  
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.  
5. Press the [MENU] key.  
The indication of PULSE 1 or PULSE 2 alternately appears at the upper left corner of the display.  
PULSE 1  
Underlined is the default value on each range.  
1. ↑  
2. 0. 5NM  
3. 0.75-1.5NM S1 S2 M1  
S1 S2  
0.07 0.15 µs  
0.07 0.15 0.3 µs  
0.07 0.15 0.3 0.5 0.7 µs  
0.3 0.5 0.7 1.2 µs  
0.5 µs 0.7 1.2 µs  
4. 3NM  
5. 6-12NM  
24NM  
S1 S2 M1 M2 M3  
M1 M2 M3 L 6.  
M2 M3 L  
1.13.2 Presetting pulselengths 1 and 2  
Pulselength 1 and 2 can be preset on the PULSE 1 and PULSE 2 in the ECHO SIG menu. A  
longer pulse provides an increased detection range, but with reduced discrimination. If you need  
discrimination in preference to detection, choose a shorter pulse. However short the radar satisfies  
the detecting requirements of the IMO.  
1. Press the [MENU] key.  
2. Press the [5] key twice to display the ECHO SIG menu.  
3. Press the [6] or [7] key as appropriate to select PULSE 1 or PULSE 2.  
4. Press appropriate numeric key among 2-7 to select pulselength and range.  
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.  
6. Press the [MENU] key.  
-1.10-  
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1.14 Adjusting the Sensitivity  
The GAIN control adjusts the sensitivity of the receiver. It works in precisely the same manner as  
the volume control of a broadcast receiver, amplifying the signals received.  
The proper setting is such that the background noise is just visible on the screen. If you set up for  
too little sensitivity, weak echoes may be missed. On the other hand excessive sensitivity yields too  
much background noise; strong targets may be missed because of the poor contrast between  
desired echoes and the background noise on the display.  
To adjust receiver sensitivity, transmit on long range, and adjust the GAIN control so background  
noise is just visible on the screen.  
1.15 Suppressing Sea Clutter  
Echoes from waves cover the central part of the display with random signals known as sea clutter.  
The higher the waves, and the higher the scanner above the water, the further the clutter will extend.  
When sea clutter masks the picture, suppress it by the A/C SEA control, rotate for manual  
adjustment, push for automatic adjustment.  
1.15.1 Manual adjustment by the A/C SEA control  
The A/C SEA control reduces the amplification of echoes at short ranges (where clutter is the  
greatest) and progressively increases amplification as the range increases, so amplification will be  
normal at those ranges where there is no sea clutter.  
The proper setting of the A/C SEA control should be such that the clutter is broken up into small  
dots, and small targets become distinguishable.  
If the control is set too low, targets will be hidden in the clutter, while if it is set too high, both sea  
clutter and targets will disappear from the display. In most cases adjust the control until clutter has  
disappeared to leeward, but a little is still visible windward.  
1. Confirm that the sensitivity is properly  
adjusted, and then transmit on short range.  
2. Adjust the A/C SEA control so small targets  
are distinguishable but some clutter remains  
on the display.  
A/C SEA OFF  
A/C SEA adjusted  
1.15.2 Automatic adjustment by the A/C AUTO control  
The A/C AUTO control automatically suppresses sea clutter as well as rain clutter. Push the A/C  
SEA control to turn on the automatic A/C circuit. A/C AUTO appears at the bottom left corner when  
the A/C circuit is on.  
CAUTION  
The auto A/C function can erase weak target echoes. Adjust the control carefully watching  
the display.  
-1.11-  
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1.16 Suppressing Precipitation Clutter  
The vertical beamwidth of the scanner is  
designed to see surface targets even when the  
ship is rolling. However, by this design the unit  
will also detect rain clutter (rain, snow, or hail)  
in the same manner as normal targets. Figure  
at right shows the appearance of rain clutter on  
the display.  
The A/C RAIN control adjusts the receiver  
sensitivity as the A/C SEA control does but  
rather in a longer time period (longer range).  
Clockwise rotation of this control increases the  
anti-clutter effect.  
A/C RAIN OFF  
A/C RAIN ON – Thin clouds  
can be cleared  
1.17 Interference Rejector  
Mutual radar interference may occur in the vicinity of another shipborne  
radar operating in the same frequency band (9 GHz). It is seen on the  
screen as a number of bright spikes either in irregular patterns or in the  
form of usually curved spoke-like dotted lines extending from the center  
to the edge of the picture. Activating the interference rejector circuit can  
reduce this type of interference.  
The interference rejector is a kind of signal correlation circuit. It  
compares the received signals over successive transmissions and  
suppresses randomly occurring signals. There are three levels of  
interference rejection depending on the number of transmissions that are  
correlated. These are indicated by the legends IR1, IR2 and IR3 at the  
upper-left position of the screen.  
To activate the interference rejector;  
1. Press the [F1] key. The following display appears.  
1. VECTOR  
2. PULSE  
3. INT REJ  
4. STRETCH  
5. ECHO AVG  
6. CONTRAST  
7. N REJ  
T/R  
8. DISP SEL  
9. PM  
0. SART  
2. Press the [3] key to select interference rejection level (OFF, 1, 2, or 3) from the INT REJ field.  
Selected level is shown as IR1, IR2 or IR3 at the bottom left-hand corner on the display.  
-1.12-  
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1.18 Measuring the Range  
Use the fixed range rings to obtain a rough estimate of the range to a target. They are the  
concentric solid circles about own ship, or the sweep origin. The number of rings is automatically  
determined by the selected range scale and their interval is displayed at the upper-left position of  
the screen.  
1.18.1 Measuring range by the variable range marker (VRM)  
Use the Variable Range Markers (VRMs) for more accurate measurement of the range to a target.  
There are two VRMs, No.1 and No.2, which appear as dashed rings so that you can discriminate  
them from the fixed range rings. The two VRMs can be distinguished from each other by different  
lengths of dashes.  
1. Press the [VRM ON] key to display either of the VRMs. Successive presses of the [VRM ON]  
key toggles the active VRM between No.1 and No.2 and the currently active VRM readout is  
circumscribed.  
2. Rotate the VRM rotary control clockwise or counterclockwise to align the active VRM with the  
inner edge of the target of interest and read its distance (unit: nm) at the lower-right corner of the  
screen. Each VRM remains at the same geographical distance when you operate the [RANGE+]  
or [RANGE-] key. This means that the apparent radius of the VRM ring changes in proportion to  
the selected range scale.  
3. Press the [VRM OFF] key to erase each VRM.  
get  
N
V
No.2  
VRM  
0.66SM  
1.18SM  
Active VRM is identified  
with this marker.  
-1.13-  
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1.19 Measuring Bearing  
Use the Electronic Bearing Lines (EBLs) to find bearing of a target. There are two EBLs, No.1 and  
No.2, which are toggled by successive presses of the [EBL ON] key. Each EBL is a straight dashed  
line extending out from the own ship position up to the circumference of the radar picture. The fine  
dashed line is the No.1 EBL and the coarse dashed one is the No.2 EBL.  
1. Press the [EBL ON] key to display either of the EBLs. Successive presses of the [EBL ON]  
key toggles the active EBL between No.1, No.2 and index lines (if displayed) and the  
currently active EBL readout is circumscribed.  
2. Rotate the EBL rotary control clockwise or counterclockwise until the active EBL bisects the  
target of interest, and read its bearing at the lower-left corner of the screen.  
3. Press the [EBL OFF] key to erase each EBL.  
The EBL readout is affixed by R (relative) if it is relative to own ship’s heading, or T (true) if it is  
referenced to the North, as determined by the item EBL/VRM/+ on the OTHERS menu.  
Note 1: Bearing reference cannot be selected for IMO type (no menu selection). For the IMO  
type, relative bearing is selected in the HU mode, and true bearing in HUTB, CU, NU and TM  
modes.  
Note 2: The cursor may be returned to OS position by pressing the VRM control (R-type only).  
1.20 Collision Assessment by the Offset EBL  
The origin of the EBL can be placed anywhere with the trackball to enable measurement of range  
and bearing between any targets. This function is also useful for assessment of the potential risk of  
collision.  
To assess possibility of collision:  
1. Press the [EBL ON] key to display or activate the No.1 EBL.  
2. Place the cursor (+) on a target appearing as threatening (A in the illustrated example) by  
operating the trackball.  
3. Press the [EBL OFFSET] key, and the origin of the active EBL shifts to the cursor position.  
Press the [EBL OFFSET] key again to anchor the EBL origin.  
4. After waiting for a few minutes (at least 3 minutes), operate the EBL rotary control until the  
EBL bisects the target at the new position (A'). The EBL readout shows the target ship’s  
course, which may be true or relative depending on the settings on the OTHERS menu.  
-1.14-  
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If relative motion is selected, it is also possible to read CPA (Closest Point of Approach) by  
using a VRM as shown below (Figure (a)). If the EBL passes through the sweep origin (own  
ship) as illustrated (Figure (b)), the target ship is on a collision course.  
5. To return the EBL origin to the own ship position, press the [EBL OFFSET] key again.  
000 010  
000 010  
350  
350  
VRM 1  
VRM 1  
CURSOR  
020  
CURSOR  
020  
340  
340  
330  
030  
330  
030  
320  
040  
050  
320  
040  
050  
310  
310  
A
A
300  
290  
060  
070  
300  
290  
060  
070  
A'  
280  
A'  
080  
280  
080  
270  
260  
090  
100  
270  
260  
090  
100  
250  
240  
230  
250  
240  
230  
110  
120  
110  
120  
130  
140  
130  
140  
220  
220  
EBL 1  
EBL 1  
210  
210  
150  
150  
200  
200  
160  
160  
190  
170  
190  
170  
180  
180  
VRM  
VRM  
3.85 NM  
EBL  
150.3°R  
EBL  
100.3°R  
3.85 NM  
(a) Evaluating the target ship course in RM  
(b) Target ship on collision course  
-1.15-  
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1.21 Measuring Range and Bearing Between Two Targets  
1. Press the [EBL OFFSET] key, and place the origin of the No.1 EBL on a target of interest  
(target 1 in the illustrated example) by operating the trackball. Note: Only No. 1 EBL can be  
offset.  
2. Turn the EBL rotary control until the EBL passes through another target of interest (target  
2).  
3. Turn the VRM rotary control until the range marker on the No. 1 EBL aligns with target 2.  
The NO. 1 VRM readout at the lower-right corner of the screen indicates the distance  
between the two targets.  
4. To return the EBL origin to the own ship position, press the [EBL OFFSET] key again.  
Bearing is shown relative to own ship with suffix “R” or as a true bearing with suffix “T” depending on  
EBL relative/true settings on the OTHERS menu.  
Target 2  
NO. 1 VRM  
000  
010  
350  
020  
340  
330  
030  
320  
040  
Target 1  
310  
300  
290  
280  
050  
060  
070  
080  
Origin of NO. 1 EBL  
270  
260  
090  
100  
250  
240  
230  
110  
120  
130  
220  
140  
210  
150  
200  
160  
EBL  
VRM  
190  
170  
180  
Distance between  
Targets 1 and 2  
90.5°R  
0.505NM  
0.205NM  
335.2°R  
R: Bearing relative os heading viewed from Target 1 to 2  
T: Bearing relative to north viewed from Target 1 to 2  
-1.16-  
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1.22 Setting a Target Alarm Zone  
CAUTION  
The target alarm feature should never be relied upon as the sole means for detecting the risk of  
potential collision. The operator of a ship is not relieved of the responsibility to keep lookout for  
avoiding collisions, whether or not the radar is in use.  
1.22.1 Introduction  
There are two independent Target Alarm Zones. NO. 1 zone has a default coverage of 3.5-4 nm  
and is adjustable within 3.0 to 6.0 nm. NO. 2 zone may be adjusted anywhere when the NO. 1 TAZ  
is valid. On the R-type, the outer and inner boundaries can be set at any distance. In any radar type,  
the sector of the zones can be set anywhere between 0 and 360 degrees in any direction. When the  
radar is equipped with Automatic Tracking Aid (ATA) or ARPA, a Guard Zone alarm is also  
available.  
To set target alarm zones:  
1. Press the [MENU] key and press the [3] key twice to show the TGT ALARM menu.  
TGT ALARM  
In R-type, you can use NO. 1 as TAZ by selecting IN  
and NO. 2 as an Anchor Watch by selecting OUT. In  
IMO type, only IN is available.  
1. AREA NO.  
2. MODE 1  
3. MODE 2  
NO 1 NO 2  
IN  
IN  
OUT  
OUT  
2. Press the [1] key to select guard zone to use NO 1 or NO 2.  
3. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.  
4. Press the [MENU] key.  
5. Place the cursor (+) at point “A” (see figure below) using the trackball. Press the [TGT  
ALARM ] key. SET TA1(2) appears at the lower-right corner on the screen. When both  
alarms are prepared the active alarm is circumscribed.  
6. Move the cursor (+) to point “B” and press the [TGT ALARM] key again. Then, an echo  
watch zone as illustrated is created and the label TA1 (or 2) appears instead of SET TA1 (or  
2) at the lower-right corner of the screen.  
000 010  
TAZ  
350  
020  
340  
330  
030  
Target alarm zone (TAZ) can be set in any sector  
between 3 and 6 nm on IMO-type, and anywhere on  
the R-type.  
320  
040  
310  
050  
300  
290  
060  
070  
A
B
When the radar has the ATA board ARP-17, a total of  
3 alarm zones (two TAZs and one GZ) may be set.  
280  
080  
270  
260  
090  
100  
The 2nd TAZ is available only when the 1st TAZ is  
valid.  
250  
240  
230  
110  
120  
130  
140  
220  
210  
150  
200  
160  
190  
170  
180  
-1.17-  
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Note: To create a target alarm zone having a 360-degree coverage around own ship, set  
point B in almost the same direction (approx. ±3°) as point A and press the [TGT ALARM] key.  
Two alarm zones can be set as described above. To change the active alarm zones, do steps 1  
through 4 in the above procedure. (When both alarms are prepared the active alarm indication is  
circumscribed.)  
1.22.2 Acknowledging alarm  
A target entering the ALARM zone produces both visual (flashing) and audible (beeping) alarms. To  
silence the audible alarm, press the [AUDIO OFF] key shortly. ACK replaces IN (or OUT).  
This will deactivate the audible alarm but will not stop the flashing of the target in the target alarm  
zone. To reactivate the audible alarm, press the [AUDIO OFF] key again.  
To silence the audible alarm, you may press the [AUDIO OFF] key. However, in this case, the label  
ACKN does not appear.  
Hold the [AUDIO OFF] key depressed for at least 5 seconds to disable the target alarm.  
Note:The target alarm is given to targets having a certain level of echo strength. This level does not  
always imply a landmass, reef, ships or other surface objects but can mean returns from the sea  
surface or precipitation. Properly adjust the GAIN, A/C SEA, and A/C RAIN controls to reduce noise  
to avoid generation of the guard alarm against false targets.  
On the R-type, an inward or outward target alarm can be selected on the TGT ALARM menu. On  
the IMO type, only the inward guard alarm is available. The inward guard alarm generates visual  
and audible warnings when a target enters the target alarm zone from any direction. The outward  
target alarm is produced when a target leaves the target alarm zone. (This is not a target alarm by  
definition but an anchor watch, which some users find valuable.)  
Inward alarm (IMO-type and R-type)  
The radar causes an alarm when a  
target violates the TAZ.  
Outward alarm (R-type radar only)  
The radar causes an alarm when a target  
leaves the TAZ (Anchor watch).  
1.23 Off-centering (shift)  
Own ship position, or sweep origin, can be displaced to expand the view field without switching to a  
larger range scale. The sweep origin can be off-centered to a point specified by the cursor, up to  
75% of the range in use in any direction.  
This feature is not available on the longest range scale or in the true motion mode. The number of  
range rings increases keeping the original range intervals unchanged. To off center the radar  
picture:  
1. Place the cursor at a position where you wish to move the sweep origin by operating the  
trackball.  
2. Press the [SHIFT/ZOOM] key with a touch-and-release action. Then, the sweep origin is  
off-centered to the cursor position. However, the heading line is left in the same position.  
3. To cancel off-centering, press the [SHIFT/ZOOM] key again.  
-1.18-  
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+
CURSOR  
+
CURSOR  
(a) Select location with cursor  
(b) Press SHIFT key to offcenter  
Note: The display is automatically reset to 75% of the range in use whenever the cursor is placed at  
an edge of the effective display area. Note also that the heading marker (small circle on the bearing  
scale) leaves the heading line on off-centered display, always indicating the correct direction of the  
own ship heading.  
1.24 Echo Averaging  
The echo average feature effectively suppresses sea clutter. Echoes received from stable targets  
such as ships appear on the screen at almost the same position every rotation of the scanner. On  
the other hand, unstable echoes such as sea clutter appear at random positions.  
To distinguish real target echoes from sea clutter, echo average performs scan-to-scan correlation.  
Correlation is made by storing and averaging echo signals over successive picture frames. If an  
echo is solid and stable, it is presented in its normal intensity. Sea clutter is averaged over  
successive scans resulting in the reduced brilliance, making it easier to discriminate real targets  
from sea clutter.  
To properly use the echo average function, it is recommended to first suppress sea clutter with the  
A/C SEA control and then do the following:  
1. Press the [F1] key.  
2. Press the [5] key twice to select ECHO AVG.  
ECHO AVG  
1. VECTOR  
2. PULSE  
3. INT REJ  
4. STRETCH  
5. ECHO AVG  
6. CONTRAST  
7. N REJ  
T/R  
8. DISP SEL  
9. PM  
0. SART  
3. Press the [5] key to select echo averaging level desired from the ECHO AVG field.  
OFF: No averaging effect  
0.5: Distinguishes small targets from sea clutter.  
1:  
2:  
3:  
Helps distinguish targets from sea clutter and suppresses brilliance of unstable echoes.  
Distinguishes small stationary targets such as navigation buoys.  
Stably displays distant targets.  
-1.19-  
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(a) Echo average OFF  
(b) Echo average ON  
Echo averaging uses scan-to-scan signal correlation technique based on the true motion over the  
ground of each target. Thus, small stationary targets such as buoys will be shown while  
suppressing random echoes such as sea clutter. True echo average is not however effective for  
picking up small targets running at high speeds over the ground.  
Echo average is inoperable when a compass signal is not available. If you wish to use this feature  
without a compass signal, consult a FURUNO representative.  
Do not use the Echo Average function under heavy pitching and rolling; loss of  
target detection can result.  
-1.20-  
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1.25 Electronic Plotting Aid (EPA)  
10 targets can be plotted electronically to assess their motion trend. Five past positions can be  
displayed for each target. Working range of EPA is 0-48 nm irrespective of range scale. Note that  
EPA is disabled when the ATA (ARP-17) is accommodated.  
000 010  
350  
020  
340  
330  
030  
320  
040  
1
310  
300  
290  
280  
050  
060  
070  
080  
TAZ  
3
1
2
270  
260  
090  
100  
MAN 00:01  
TRUE VECT  
3Min WT  
3
250  
240  
230  
RNG 4.7NM  
BRG 41.5°T  
CSE 198.0°T WT  
SPD 10.3K WT  
CPA 0.9NM  
110  
120  
130  
TCPA 15:20  
220  
140  
210  
150  
200  
160  
170  
190  
180  
Target data is shown in the data display area including range, bearing, course, speed, CPA and  
TCPA of the last-plotted or selected target.  
EPA SYMBOLS  
Target 2 is on a collision course as the extension of its  
vector goes through the own ship position. Placing the  
offset EBL will help for assessment. TCPA is counted  
up to 99.59 min and beyond that it is indicated as  
TCPA > 99.99 min.  
○ Target plotted  
□ Plotted target and the data being read  
Flashing: Targets in Target Alarm Zone  
△ Target on a collision course  
Note: Plots will be lost when the compass or speed log fails.  
+
1.25.1 Plotting a target  
(a) First plot position  
+
1. Place a cursor on a target of interest and press the  
[PLOT SYMBOL] key. The target position changes  
with a calculated speed and course every 1-2 seconds  
by the auto follow-up feature, maintaining the  
(b) Latest calculated  
position  
(c) 2nd plot position  
(c') Re-entry for correction  
calculation origin at point (a). If option (7) TRACK is  
ON, tracked positions are indicated by dots.  
2. In more than 30 seconds but within 10 minutes, place the cursor on the latest calculated  
position (b) and press the [ENTER/SELECT] key. The plot symbol changes from ○ to □. This  
step is to identify the target on which you want the plotting data.  
3. Place the cursor on the target within 5 seconds, maybe at a different location due to leeway at  
(c), and press [PLOT SYMBOL] key. The vector will be drawn based on a trip between (a) and  
(c). The target data is indicated in the text area to the right. Correction of plot position (c’), if  
necessary, is possible within 5 seconds, to show the course made good and speed made good  
(a-c’).  
4. Do the same for other targets (maximum 10). For targets already in auto follow-up, do steps 2  
and 3.  
-1.21-  
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Note: If a target once plotted is not plotted again within 10 minutes, the warning “UPDATE PLOT”  
and plot number will appear on the lower right margin of the screen and the plot symbol of the target  
flashes. Plotting of a target will be ceased if the time between consecutive plots exceeds 10 minutes.  
If you want to continue plotting this target, reacquire it within 5 minutes. Otherwise, the target will be  
regarded as a “lost target” and its plot symbol and target data will be erased. The larger the plotting  
interval, the less accurate the plotted target data. Plotting of each target should normally be made  
every 3 or 6 minutes as far as possible. You can use the Watch Alarm to warn yourself every 3 or 6  
minutes.  
1.25.2 Cancelling  
Place the cursor on the plot symbol and press the [CANCEL/CLEAR] key.  
1.25.3 Vectors  
Vectors can be displayed relative to own ship’s heading (Relative) or with reference to the North  
(True). This feature is available in all presentation modes (compass must be working correctly). The  
current vector mode is indicated at the right of the screen.  
Vector time (or the length of vectors) can be set to 30 seconds, 1, 3, 6, 15 or 30 minutes and the  
selected vector time is indicated at the upper-right corner of the screen.  
PLOT MENU 1  
1. MARK DISP  
1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the [7] key twice to select PLOT.  
2. Press the [3] key select REL or TRUE from the VECT REF field as  
appropriate and press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.  
3. Press the [4] to select appropriate vector time from the VECT TIME  
field.  
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to conclude your selection.  
5. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.  
The vector tip shows an estimated position of the target after the selected  
vector time elapses. It can be valuable to extend the vector length to  
evaluate the risk of collision with any target.  
OFF  
ON  
2. ERASE  
3. VECT REF  
REL TRUE  
4. VECT TIME  
(min)  
30sec  
1
3
6
15 30  
The radar calculates motion trends (range, bearing, course, speed, CPA  
and TCPA) of all plotted targets.  
5. CPA SET  
OFF 0.5NM 1NM  
1.5NM 2NM 3NM  
4NM 5NM 6NM  
In the head-up and head-up true bearing modes, target bearing, course  
and speed shown in the upper-right target data field become true (T)  
relative to north or relative (R) relative to own ship in accordance with  
true/relative vector setting. In the North-Up, Course-Up, and True Motion  
modes, the target data field always displays true bearing, true course and  
speed over the ground.  
6. TCPA SET  
(min)  
30sec  
1
2
3
4
5
6
12 15  
7. TRACK  
OFF ON  
8. AUDIO ALARM  
OFF ON  
1.25.4 Reading the target data  
Place cursor on the target and press the [ENTER/SELECT] key. The selected target is marked  
with The following target data is displayed at the right side of the CRT.  
RNG/BRG (Range/Bearing): Range and bearing from own ship to last-plotted target with suffix T  
(True).  
CSE/SPD (Course/Speed): Course and speed are displayed for the last-plotted target with suffix T  
(True).  
CPA/TCPA: CPA (Closest Point of Approach) is the closest range the target will approach to own  
ship. TCPA is the time to CPA. Both CPA and TCPA are automatically calculated. TCPA is counted  
up to 99.59 min and beyond that it is indicated as TCPA > *99.59 MIN.  
-1.22-  
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1.25.5 Terminating target plotting  
With EPA you can plot up to 10 targets. You may wish to terminate plotting of less important targets  
to newly plot other threatening targets.  
With Trackball: Place the cursor (+) on a target which you do not want to be tracked any longer by  
operating the trackball and press the [CANCEL/CLEAR] key.  
All Targets: To terminate plotting of all targets at once:  
1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the [7] key.  
2. Press the [2] key twice to select OFF from the ERASE field.  
2. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key followed by the [MENU] key.  
1.25.6 Setting CPA/TCPA alarm ranges  
When the predicted CPA of any target becomes smaller than a preset CPA alarm range and its  
predicted TCPA less than a preset TCPA alarm limit, the EPA releases an audible alarm and  
displays the warning indication COLLISION on the screen. In addition, the EPA symbol changes to  
a triangle and flashes together with its vector.  
Provided that this feature is used correctly, it will help prevent the risk of collision by alerting you to  
threatening targets. It is important that GAIN, A/C SEA, A/C RAIN and other radar controls are  
properly adjusted.  
CPA/TCPA alarm ranges must be set up properly taking into consideration the size, tonnage, speed,  
turning performance and other characteristics of own ship.  
CAUTION  
CPA/TCPA  
The CPA/TCPA alarm feature should never be relied upon as the sole means for detecting the risk  
of collision. The navigator is not relieved of the responsibility to keep visual lookout for avoiding  
collisions, whether or not the radar or other plotting aid is in use.  
To set the CPA/TCPA alarm ranges:  
1. Press the [MENU] key.  
2. Press the [7] key twice to display the PLOT 1 menu.  
3. Press the [5] key for CPA SET or [6] key for TCPA set.  
4. Press the [5] key or [6] key again to select CPA or TCPA range desired.  
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to register your selection.  
6. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.  
-1.23-  
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1.25.7 Silencing CPA/TCPA audible alarm  
Press the [AUDIO OFF] key to acknowledge and silence the CPA/TCPA audible alarm.  
The warning label COLLISION and the flashing of the triangle plot symbol and vector remain on the  
screen until the dangerous situation is gone or you intentionally terminate tracking of the target by  
using the trackball.  
1.25.8 Past plot points  
Past plot points may be marked on the display by dots. Up to nine dots can be displayed as follows:  
1. Press the [MENU] key.  
2. Press the [7] key twice to reach the PLOT MENU 1.  
3. Press the [7] key to select OFF or ON from the TRACK field as appropriate.  
3. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to register your selection followed by the [MENU] key to  
close the menu.  
1.26 Target Trails (Echo Trails)  
It is possible to display the trails of the radar echoes of targets in the form of synthetic afterglow.  
Target trails are selected either relative or true and may be sea or ground stabilized. The simulated  
afterglow can be selected in a single tone or gradual shading depending on a setting on the TGT  
TRAIL menu.  
1.26.1 True or relative trails  
Target trails may be displayed relative to north or own ship’s heading on Relative Motion, and only  
relative to north on True Motion. True motion trails require a compass signal and own ship speed  
input.  
(a) True target trails – no smearing of  
stationary targets  
(b) Relative target trails – all targets  
moving relative to own ship  
Note: When true trail is selected on the RM mode, the legend TRUE TRAIL appears in red.  
To select true or relative target trail presentation:  
1. Press the [MENU] key.  
2. Press the [2] key twice to show the TGT TRAIL menu.  
-1.24-  
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TGT TRAIL  
15sec 30sec 1 3 6  
1. TIME (min)  
15 30 CONT  
REL TRUE  
2. MODE  
3. SHADE  
4. LEVEL  
MONO  
MULTI  
1 2 3  
5. TRAIL COPY OFF ON  
6. THIN TRAIL  
7. THIN MODE  
OFF ON  
1 2 3 4  
(7. R-type only)  
3. Press the [2] key several times to select REL or TRUE from the MODE field as appropriate.  
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to confirm your selection, then the [MENU] key to close  
the menu.  
1.26.2 Trail gradation  
Target trails may be shown in monotone or multitone. Gradual shading paints the trails getting  
thinner with time just like the afterglow on an analog PPI radar.  
Monotone  
Multitone  
1. Press the [MENU] key.  
2. Press the [2] key twice to select TGT TRAIL.  
3. Press the [3] key to select MONO or MULTI from the SHADE field as appropriate.  
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key and the [MENU] key in order.  
1.26.3 Displaying and erasing target trails  
Press the [TGT TRAIL] key to activate or deactivate the target trails feature. The current target trail  
setting is displayed at the upper right-and corner of the screen.  
Note: Holding the [TGT TRAIL] key depressed for about 3 seconds will cause a loss of target  
trail data so far stored in memory.  
1.26.4 Thin trails  
Target trails may be painted in thinner trails. This is useful when there are a lot targets and  
their trails would create congestion on the screen.  
1. Press the [MENU] key.  
2. Press the [2] key twice to select TGT TRAIL.  
3. Press the [6] key to select ON or OFF from the THIN TRAIL field as appropriate.  
4. For the R-type radar, you may select the degree of thinness from the THIN MODE field.  
The higher the number the thinner the trail. Press the [7] key to select degree of thinness  
desired.  
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key and the [MENU] key in order.  
-1.25-  
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1.26.5 Restoring trails  
Trails are cancelled and restarted whenever the range is changed. However, you can continue  
trails on the same range, without restarting, when the range is changed to a next larger or smaller  
range scale. Note however that when the range is changed, only those target trails within the  
previous range are continued; no trails are generated for targets outside of the previous range.  
No trail generated for targets  
not within previous range  
1. Press the [MENU] key.  
2. Press the [2] key twice to select  
TGT TRAIL.  
3. Press the [5] key to select ON from  
the TRAIL COPY field.  
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key  
and [MENU] key in order.  
(a) Previous range  
(b) New range  
1.26.6 Resetting target trails  
To reset (or clear) the target trail memory, hold the [TGT TRAIL] key depressed for about 3  
seconds. Target trails are cleared and the trailing process restarts from time count zero at current  
target trail plot interval.  
1.26.7 Trail brilliance  
The brilliance of target trails can be adjusted on the BRILL menu as follows:  
1. Press the [MENU] key.  
2. Press the [9] key twice to display the BRILL menu.  
BRILL  
1. TGT TRAIL  
2. CHARACTER  
3. HDG LINE  
4. EBL/VRM  
5. CURSOR  
Menu item No. 9 requires RP-17 board.  
6. MARK  
7. PLOT  
8. OS SYMB  
9. ↓  
3. Press the [1] key to select TGT TRAIL.  
4. Operate the VRM rotary control to adjust brilliance. Current brilliance is shown by the bar  
graph.  
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to conclude your selection followed by the [MENU] key to  
close the menu.  
-1.26-  
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1.27 Parallel Index Lines  
Parallel index lines are useful for keeping a constant distance between own ship and a coastline or  
a partner ship when navigating. The orientation of the index lines is controlled with the EBL rotary  
control and the intervals between the lines is adjustable with the VRM rotary control (provided that  
No.2 VRM is active).  
1.27.1 Displaying/erasing the index lines  
Press the [INDEX LINE] key to disconnect the VRM. Press the  
[INDEX LINE] key to display/erase the index lines.  
1.27.2 Selecting number of index lines to display  
Maximum number of the index lines can be set for 2 or 6 on the  
MARK/LINE sub menu in the OTHERS menu.  
Bearing of PI Lines  
1.28 Reference Mark (not available with Video Plotter RP-17)  
You can mark any reference points, prominent target or a point of particular interest using the  
reference mark feature. This mark is geographically fixed, namely, ground stabilized. Twenty such  
reference marks can be entered. Note this feature is inoperative when the RP Board RP-17 is  
installed.  
To use the reference mark:  
1. Place the cursor (+) at a point where you want to place a reference mark by operating the  
trackball.  
2. Press the [MARK] key. The reference mark appears at the cursor position. The cursor  
location is indicated on the screen.  
1.28.1 Inscribing mark reference  
The reference mark can be set relative to own ship, or referenced to land (sea or ground stabilized).  
1. Press the [MENU] key.  
2. Press the [8] key twice to select MARK.  
MARK  
1. ERASE  
2. MODE  
REL TRUE  
3. Press the [2] to select the REL or TRUE as required.  
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key, then [MENU].  
1.28.2 Erasing reference marks  
Erasing individual reference marks  
Select the Reference mark with the cursor and then press the [CANCEL/CLEAR] key.  
-1.27-  
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1.30 Markers  
Heading line, north marker, stern marker, own ship symbol  
The heading line indicates the ship’s heading in all presentation modes. It is a line from the own ship  
position to the outer edge of the radar display area and appears at zero degrees on the bearing  
scale in head-up mode, it changes the orientation depending on the ship orientation in the north-up  
and true motion modes. The heading marker appears as a small circle on the bearing scale to  
indicate the heading when the display is shifted or is in the north-up or TM mode.  
Temporarily erasing heading line, north marker, stern marker, own ship symbol  
To temporarily extinguish the heading line to look at targets existing dead ahead of own ship, press  
the GAIN control. The heading line reappears when the control is released.  
Note that the Video Plotter screen (requires RP-17) is also temporarily erased when the GAIN  
control is pressed.  
North marker  
The north marker appears as a short dashed line. In the head-up mode, the north marker moves  
around the bearing scale in accordance with the compass signal.  
Stern marker  
The stern marker (a dot-and-dash line) appears opposite to the heading line. It can be  
displayed/erased on the MARK/LINE sub menu in the OTHERS menu ([MENU], [0], [0]).  
Own ship symbol  
The own ship symbol ( ) can be displayed/erased on the MARK/LINE sub menu in the OTHERS  
menu. The symbol is scaled to indicate the length and beam of the vessel. If the largest dimension  
of the symbol gets smaller than 6 mm, the symbol will disappear and own ship will be represented  
with a small dot or circle depending on the range in use. NOTE: Details should be entered during  
installation.  
-1.29-  
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1.31 Suppressing Second-trace Echoes  
In certain situations, echoes from very distant targets may appear as false echoes (second-trace  
echoes) on the screen. This occurs when the return echo is received one transmission cycle later,  
that is, after a next radar pulse has been transmitted.  
To activate or deactivate the second-trace echo rejector:  
1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the [5] key twice to display the ECHO SIG menu.  
ECHO SIG  
1. COLOR  
YEL GRN  
*
* COLOR additional to R-type  
2. CLTR SWEEP  
3. SWEEP LEVEL  
4. ENHANCE  
5. 2ND ECHO  
6. PULSE 1  
OFF ON (LINK) ON(FIX)  
1
2
3
OFF ON  
OFF ON  
7. PULSE 2  
8. A/D CURVE  
9. CNTR ENHANCE OFF ON  
0. REALTIME HU OFF ON  
A B C D  
(8. R-type only)  
(9. R-type only)  
(0. R-type only)  
2. Press the [5] key to select OFF or ON.  
3. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to conclude your selection followed by the [MENU] key to  
close the menu.  
1.32 [F1] Key  
The [F1] key allows instant access to the primary function controls.  
1. Press the [F1] key. The following menu appears.  
1. VECTOR  
2. PULSE  
T/R  
Vector mode: True or Relative. Press [F1], [1].  
Pulselength selection  
3. INT REJ  
4. STRETCH  
5. ECHO AVG  
6. CONTRAST  
7. N REJ  
Interference rejector; Ref. 1.17.  
Echo stretch; Ref. 1.36.  
Echo average; Ref. 1.24.  
Contrast of video; Ref. 1.36.  
Noise rejector; Ref. 1.38.  
8. DISP SEL  
9. PM  
0. SART  
[ENTER/SELECT] toggles display between Main and Sub.  
Activates Performance Monitor. Refer to Chapter 7.  
Optimum setting for detecting SART; Refer to 3.3.  
2. Press appropriate numeric key. For example, press the [4] key to select desired echo  
stretch level. Each press of the [4] key selects echo stretch level.  
-1.30-  
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1.33 [F2] Key  
The [F2] key selects the level or setting for one of the parameters as selected at step 3 below on the  
STBY screen.  
1.33.1 Presetting the [F2] key  
1. In the STANDBY condition, press the [MENU] key.  
2. Press the [6] key twice to display the FUNC menu.  
FUNC  
1. FUNC 1  
2. FUNC 2  
3. FUNC 3  
OFF ON  
OFF ON  
OFF ON  
4. FUNC 1 SET  
5. FUNC 2 SET  
6. FUNC 3 SET  
7. F×2 SET  
F2 SET option not valid in TX mode; valid on STBY only.  
3. Press the [7] key twice to select F•2 SET. The following display appears:  
[F2 MENU]  
Select by VRM knob  
and press ENTER key.  
1. TRAIL TIME  
2. TRAIL MODE  
3. TRAIL SHADE  
4. TRAIL LEVEL  
5. ALARM AREA  
6. ALARM MODE  
7. TGT COLOR  
8. ECHO AVG  
9. INT REJ  
10. ECHO STRETCH  
11. NOISE REJ  
12. ECHO ENHANCE  
13. 2ND ECHO  
21. SART  
22. WATCH TIME  
23. STERN MARK  
24. OS MARK  
25. TUNE A/M  
26. EXT WPT  
27. OS POSN  
28. CLTR SWEEP  
29. P.MONITOR  
30. EBL/+/PI  
31. on R-type only  
31. VRM/+ RNG  
14. CONTRAST  
15. PLOT MENU  
16. MARK MODE  
17. BRILL MENU  
18. DRIFT MENU  
19. NAV DATA  
20. DISPLAY  
(This screen appears only in the STBY condition.)  
4. Select function desired with the VRM rotary control.  
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to register your selection, and then press the [MENU] key  
to finish.  
Then, a single press of [F2] turns on the function preprogrammed in the procedure above.  
-1.31-  
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1.34 FUNCTION Key  
The FUNCTION key works similar to the automatic dialing feature on a telephone, playing back  
control settings just as they were registered. Instead of manually adjusting controls to set up for a  
particular condition, for example, navigation in a harbor, you can have the [FUNCTION] key to do it  
for you.  
1.34.1 Presetting the FUNCTION key  
The radar’s internal computer offers several navigation condition setups as outlined in the table  
below. For instance, you might want to preset the level of parameters as HBR (Harbor) in FUNC  
which you can later select among FUNC 1, 2 or 3 by pressing the [FUNCTION] key.  
Each setup option defines a combination of several radar settings for achieving optimum setup for  
a particular navigating situation. Those involved are echo average, interference rejector, echo  
stretch, noise rejector, enhanced video, video contrast, automatic anti-clutter.  
Adjusting these features on a function key menu changes the original function key settings. To  
restore the original settings for a particular function key, it is necessary to display the relevant  
function key menu and select appropriate menu options.  
1. Press the [MENU] key (Ref. 1.33/1 – 2).  
2. Press the [6] key twice to display the FUNC menu.  
3. Press [4], [5] or [6] twice to select which function number to preset. For example, press the  
[4] key to select FUNC 1.  
FUNC 1  
FUNC 2  
FUNC 3  
1.  
↑
1.  
↑
1.  
↑
2. FUNC SEL CST OCEAN  
2. FUNC SEL CST OCEAN  
2. FUNC SEL CST OCEAN  
R-SEA FLT BY  
R-SEA FLT BY  
R-SEA FLT BY  
HBR L RAIN  
HBR L RAIN  
HBR L RAIN  
3. ECHO AVG OFF 0.5  
1
2
2
2
3
3
3. ECHO AVG OFF 0.5  
1
2
2
2
3
3
3. ECHO AVG OFF 0.5  
1
2
2
2
3
3
4. INT REJ  
5. STRETCH  
6. N REJ  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF ON  
1
1
4. INT REJ  
5. STRETCH  
6. N REJ  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF ON  
1
1
4. INT REJ  
5. STRETCH  
6. N REJ  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF ON  
1
1
7. ENHANCE OFF ON  
8. CONTRAST 1  
7. ENHANCE OFF ON  
8. CONTRAST 1  
7. ENHANCE OFF ON  
8. CONTRAST 1  
2
3
2
3
2
3
9. A/C AUTO  
0. PULSE  
OFF ON  
9. A/C AUTO  
0. PULSE  
OFF ON  
9. A/C AUTO  
0. PULSE  
OFF ON  
Above does not mean the optimum setting, but just for explanation.  
4. Press the [2] key several times to select function desired.  
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key. The settings of items 3-9 automatically change according  
to selection made at step 4.  
6. Press the [MENU] key.  
-1.32-  
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1.34.2 Activating/deactivating a function  
Press the [FUNCTION] key. Each time the key is pressed a preset function the preset functions  
enabled on the FUNC menu are turned on or off cyclically.  
You may enable/disable preset functions from the menu as follows:  
1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the [6] key twice to display the FUNC menu.  
2. Press the [1], [2] or [3] key to enable or disable a preset function as appropriate.  
3. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to register your selection and the [MENU] key to close the  
menu.  
The picture setup options assignable to any of the function keys are shown in the table below:  
LABEL  
BUOY  
DESCRIPTION  
LABEL  
RAIN  
DESCRIPTION  
Optimum setting for detecting  
navigation buoys, small vessels  
and other small surface objects  
Setting for radar operation in  
rainy condition  
OCEAN  
COAST  
Transoceanic voyage using a  
range scale of 12 nm or larger  
LONG  
Optimum setting for long range  
detection using a range scale of  
6 nm or larger  
For coastal navigation using a  
range of 12 nm or less  
HARBOR Optimum setting for short range  
navigation in a harbor area using  
a range scale of 1.5 nm or less  
ROUGH  
SEA  
Optimum setting for rough weather FLOAT  
or heavy rain  
Optimum setting for detecting  
the floating buoys of seine net  
Function keys default settings are as below:  
LABEL  
3 ECHO  
AVG  
4 INT REJ  
5 ECHO  
STRETCH  
6 NOISE  
REJ  
7
8
9 A/C AUTO  
Interference  
rejector  
ENHANCE CONTRAST A/C Auto  
Echo  
Average  
Echo Stretch  
Noise  
Rejector  
Enhance  
Video  
Video  
Contrast  
COAST  
OCEAN  
R-SEA  
FLT  
0.5  
0.5  
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
2
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
2
2
2
2
3
2
3
2
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
1
BY  
3
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
HBR  
L
0.5  
3
OFF  
1
OFF  
ON  
RAIN  
0.5  
OFF  
OFF  
-1.33-  
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1.35 Adjusting Brilliance of Screen Data  
You can adjust relative brilliance levels of various  
marks and alphanumeric readouts displayed on the  
screen as follows:  
BRILL  
1. TGT TRAIL  
2. CHARACTER  
3. HDG LINE  
4. EBL/VRM  
5. CURSOR  
6. MARK  
1. Press the [MENU] key.  
2. Press the [9] key twice to show the BRILL  
menu.  
3. Select a desired menu item by pressing the  
corresponding numeric key. As an example,  
press the [1] key if you want to change the  
brilliance of target trails.  
7. PLOT  
8. OS SYMB  
9. ↓  
Menu item No. 9 requires RP-17 board  
4. Operate the VRM rotary control to adjust brilliance. Current brilliance level is displayed by  
the bar-graph beneath each menu item.  
5. Press the [ENTER /SELECT] key conclude your selection followed by the [MENU] key to  
close the menu.  
-1.34-  
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1.36 Echo Stretch, Contrast, Enhanced Video  
On long ranges target echoes tend to shrink in the bearing direction, making them difficult to see.  
On short and medium ranges such as 1.5, 3 and 6 nm scales, the same size targets get smaller on  
screen as they approach the own ship. These are due to the inherent property of the radiation  
pattern of the antenna. To enhance target video, use the echo stretch function. There are two types:  
echo stretch 1 (ES1) to enlarge in bearing direction for long range detection, and echo stretch 2  
(ES2) to enlarge in range direction on 1.5-6 nm scales.  
1.36.1 Echo stretch  
1. VECTOR  
2. PULSE  
3. INT REJ  
4. STRETCH  
5. ECHO AVG  
6. CONTRAST  
7. N REJ  
T/R  
1. Press the [F1] key.  
2 Press the [4] key twice to display the ECHO SIG menu.  
3. Press the [4] key to select echo stretch function desired. A selected  
level appears at the lower left-hand position. Each selection works as  
in the figure below.  
8. DISP SEL  
9. PM  
0. SART  
ES1 – Enlarged in bearing  
direction  
Use on range 1.5-12 nm  
ES2 – Enlarged in range  
direction. Invalid at P/L S1  
and S2  
ES OFF  
Use on range 1.5-6 nm  
Notes:  
1) If the 1.5 nm range is preset for pulselength of S1 or S2, and the 3 nm scale for S2, the echo  
stretch is not available on those range scales.  
2) The echo stretch magnifies not only small target pips but also returns (clutter) from sea  
surface, rain and radar interference. For this reason make sure these types of interference  
have been sufficiently suppressed before activating this function.  
1.36.2 Contrast  
Contrast is adjustable in 3 levels according to the radar video sampling level. Press [F1], [6] and  
select the level so that the picture shows up most clearly from the background.  
-1.35-  
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1.36.3 Enhanced video  
The enhanced video function works similar to the echo stretch function, enlarging target echoes in  
bearing and range direction on 1.5-6 nm scales.  
ECHO SIG  
1. COLOR  
YEL GRN  
*
* Color available on R-type.  
2. CLTR SWEEP  
3. SWEEP LEVEL  
4. ENHANCE  
5. 2ND ECHO  
6. PULSE 1  
OFF ON (LINK) ON(FIX)  
1
2
3
OFF ON  
OFF ON  
7. PULSE 2  
8. A/D CURVE  
A B C D  
8., 9., 0. R-type only.  
9. CNTR ENHANCE OFF ON  
0. REALTIME HU OFF ON  
1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the [5] key  
twice to show the ECHO SIG menu.  
Echo enlarged in bearing  
and range directions  
2. Press the [4] key to select OFF or ON from the  
ENHANCE field as appropriate.  
3. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key, and then press  
the [MENU] key.  
1.37 Watch Timer  
The watch timer works like an alarm clock, sounding visual WATCH and audible alarms at a  
predetermined interval.  
To silence the alarm, press the [AUDIO OFF] key. The label WATCH turns to normal color and the  
alarm timer is reset to the initial and starts the count-down sequence again.  
To activate the timer:  
1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the [4] key twice to select WATCH TIME.  
WATCH TIME  
1. ALM INTVL  
OFF 3min 6min 12min  
15min 20min  
2. Press the [1] key to select desired interval (3, 6, 12, 15, 20 min) from the ALM INTVL field.  
3. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to conclude your selection followed by the [MENU] key to  
close the menu.  
-1.36-  
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1.38 Noise Rejector  
The noise rejector suppresses white noise, which appears on the screen as many dots scattered  
randomly over the display.  
To suppress white noise:  
1. Press the [F1] key.  
2. Press the [7] key to turn the noise rejector on or off as appropriate. NR appears at lower  
left-hand position when the noise rejector is on.  
1.39 Navigation Data  
Various navigation data can be displayed (and their format selected) with connection of appropriate  
external sensors. You can select which navigation data to display as follows:  
1. Press the [MENU] key, and then the [0] key twice to show the OTHERS menu.  
8. Press the [8] key twice to select display the NAV DATA menu.  
9. Press appropriate numeric key to turn data on/off, select format. You may select navigator  
(GPS, Loran C), position display format (L/L, TD, none), unit of depth measurement  
(meters, feet, fathoms), unit of water temperature measurement (°C, °F), display local time,  
and turn external waypoint on/off. Note that TDs are input from a Loran C navigator and  
are for display only.  
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key, and then press the [MENU] key.  
1.40 Alarm Output (R-type only)  
Alarm signal can be output on the R-type radars.. Select the alarm(s) to output as follows.  
Requires connection of external buzzer (OP03-21) to J212 on the SPD Board.  
OUTPUT ALM  
1. Press the [MENU] key.  
1. ↑  
2. TIMER  
OFF ON  
OFF ON  
OFF ON  
OFF ON  
2. Press the [0] key twice.  
3. TGT ALM  
4. ATA/EPA  
5. PLOTTER  
3. Press the [0] key twice again to select the sub  
menu OTHER.  
4. Press the [4] key twice to select OUTPUT ALM.  
5. Press appropriate numeric key to select the alarm you want to output.  
6. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key followed by the [MENU] key.  
1.41 Outputting Target Position (R-type only)  
Target position can be output (in IEC 61162-1 format) to a video plotter and marked on its screen  
with a symbol. Select target with the trackball and push the A/C RAIN control. Target position is  
output to the video plotter connected to the NAV connector on the SPU Board inside the radar  
display unit. This function requires position data and compass signal.  
-1.37-  
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1.42 Degaussing Interval  
The screen is degaussed automatically at certain time intervals, as well as each time the radar is  
turned on, to eliminate color contamination caused by earth’s magnetism or magnetized ship  
structure. You can select the degaussing interval and the degaussing degree as follows:  
1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the [0] key four times to select OTHERS.  
4. Press the [3] key to display the DEGAUSS menu.  
5. Press the [2] key to select desired degaussing interval (OFF, 30 seconds, 1, 2 minutes) in  
the DEGS INTVL field.  
6. Press the [3] key to select desired degaussing degree (45°, 90°, 135°) in the DEGS DEG  
field. For example, selecting 45° will automatically degauss the screen when the ship  
makes a turn which is between 45° and 89°.  
DEGAUSS  
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key followed by  
1.  
↑
the [MENU] key.  
2. DEGS INTVL  
3. DEGS DEG  
OFF 30 sec 1 2 min  
OFF 45° 90° 135°  
1.43 Background Color  
The [BKGND COLOR] key selects the color of the background, characters, menu, markers and  
indications as below. Each press of the key selects one of five color combinations.  
Marks  
Setting  
1
2
3
4
5
Radar display area BLK (black)  
L-BLU (light  
blue)  
L-BLU (light  
blue)  
L-BLU (light  
blue)  
BLK (black)  
Outside radar display BLK (black)  
area  
BLK (black)  
BLK (black)  
L-BLK  
BLK (black)  
Characters  
Menu  
GRN (green)  
YEL (yellow)  
YEL  
GRN (green)  
YEL (yellow)  
YEL  
GRN (green)  
YEL (yellow)  
YEL  
WHT (white)  
YEL (yellow)  
YEL  
RED  
YEL (yellow)  
RED  
Menu highlight  
EBL/VRM  
BLU (blue)  
GRN (green)  
WHT (white)  
GRN (green)  
WHT (white)  
GRN (white)  
GRN (white)  
GRN (green)  
WHT (white)  
GRN (green)  
WHT (white)  
L-BLU (blue)  
WHT (blue)  
WHT (blue)  
GRN (green)  
WHT (white)  
GRN (green)  
WHT (white)  
L-BLU (blue)  
WHT (blue)  
WHT (blue)  
GRN (green)  
WHT (white)  
GRN (green)  
WHT (white)  
L-BLU (blue)  
WHT (blue)  
WHT (blue)  
L-BLU (blue)  
GRN (green)  
WHT (white)  
GRN (green)  
WHT (white)  
GRN (white)  
GRN (white)  
Range rings  
Cursor  
Heading line  
Target alarm zone  
North mark  
Stern marker  
1.44 Clutter Sweep  
The clutter sweep feature suppresses sea and rain clutters within the trackball-selected area, to  
discriminate specific targets from noise. The user may select the area to process and the level of  
suppression to apply as follows:  
1. Press the [MENU] key.  
2. Press the [5] key twice to select the ECHO SIG menu.  
-1.38-  
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3. Press the [2] key to turn on/off the clutter sweep function:  
OFF: Turns off clutter wiper feature.  
ON(LINK): Sweep area moves with trackball operation. Sweep cursor shown by dashed  
lines.  
ON(FIX): Sweep area is fixed on the screen. Sweep cursor shown by solid lines.  
4. Press the [3] key (SWEEP LVL) several times to select level of suppression to use; “3”  
provides the highest level of noise suppression.  
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to register your selection and the [MENU] key to finish.  
6. Operate the trackball to select area to process.  
Select area to reduce  
clutter.  
The clutter sweep feature may also be activated by the [F2] key.  
1.45 Day, Night Brilliance  
Press the BRILL control for day or night use; the whole screen is brightened or dimmed. This  
function has no effect on panel illumination.  
1.46 Contrast  
The contrast of video is adjustable in three levels according to the radar video sampling level. Select  
the level so that the radar picture shows up most clearly from the background.  
1. Press [F1].  
2. Press the [6] key to select desired contrast level from the CONTRAST field. Selected level is  
indicated as CONTRAST1, CONTRAST2 or CONTRAST3 at the lower-left corner on the  
screen.  
3. Press the [MENU] key to finish.  
-1.39-  
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1.47 Radar Map (RP-17 board required)  
A radar map is a combination of map lines and symbols whereby the user can define and input the  
navigation data, route planning and monitoring data. Map lines (also called nav lines) are  
navigational facility whereby the observer can define lines to indicate channels or traffic separation  
schemes. These lines can be ground stabilized to stop them from drifting. (Definition in IEC 60936-  
1 and IEC 60872-1)  
In this series of radar, the standard radar map has the capacity of 3,000 points of mark and line. The  
map data can be memorized to facilitate the repeated use on the routine navigation area.  
The user can create a radar map on-real time while using the radar for navigation or at leisure time  
at anchor or while the radar is not being used. Place of a map can be made for any waterways apart  
from the actual own ship location. The map data is stored in the memory. When the optional RP-17  
card is installed in the display unit, much more data can be created and copied to another card.  
1.47.1 Preparation  
Selecting navaid  
1. Press the [MENU] key.  
2. Press the [0] key twice.  
3. Press the [8] key twice again to display the NAV DATA menu.  
4. Press [2] key to select navigation data input device.  
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to register your selection and the [MENU] key to close the  
menu.  
Notes:  
1) Own ship position display requires an input from radionavigational equipment such as a  
GPS receiver in accordance with the data format as defined by IEC 61162-1.  
2) Wind, ocean current, depth, water temperature are displayed when the relevant sensors are  
fitted and the data from these may be used to influence other data such as set/drift.  
Displaying external waypoint  
Waypoint defined on another navaid can be displayed by setting EXT WP to ON on the NAV DATA  
menu. This can be done by the keying sequence of MENU, [0], [0], [8], [8], [3].  
Note: When the waypoint is more than 5000 nm away from own ship, the data shows > 5000  
nm.  
-1.40-  
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1.47.3 Position and bearing correction  
There may be some instances where the map latitude and longitude are out of radar pictures for  
several seconds. You can compensate this error as follows:  
1. Press the [MENU] key.  
2. Press the [8] key twice to display the MARK menu.  
3. Press the [5] key to display the Position Correction menu.  
Position Correction  
1. ↑  
2. Position Corr.  
No  
Yes  
3. Delta L/L Entry  
4. Variation Corr.  
Off  
Manu. Auto  
5. Manual Entry  
Delta L/L  
000. 0’S  
000. 0’W  
Manual ∆θ  
000. 0°W  
Auto ∆θ  
000. 0°W  
Note: Variation Corr. and correction values appear only when a magnetic compass is  
connected.  
4. For position correction, press the [2] key to select Yes from the Position Corr field and press  
the [ENTER/SELECT] key.  
5. Press the [3] key to select Delta L/L Entry and press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.  
6. Use the trackball to shift chart data.  
7. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.  
8. For bearing correction, press the [4] key to select Manu. from the Position Corr field, and then  
press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.  
9. Press the [5] key to select Manual Entry and press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.  
10. Use the EBL or VRM control to rotate chart data.  
11. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key followed by the [MENU] key.  
-1.42-  
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North m arker  
Separation zone  
000  
350  
010  
020  
340  
Heading m arker  
330  
030  
320  
040  
050  
310  
Target being tracked  
Navline  
Own ship safe contour  
300  
060  
Heading line  
290  
280  
070  
080  
Planned route  
090  
270  
260  
100  
Own ship vector  
250  
110  
Approxim ate coastline  
240  
120  
230  
130  
140  
220  
210  
150  
Dangerous side of own ship  
safe contour m ay be  
marked like this.  
200  
160  
190  
170  
180  
Past position  
ATA: Equally time-spaced positions of any  
targets being tracked.  
EPA: Past plot positons may not be equally time-  
spaced, up to the operator. Targets not plotted  
over 10 min will be dropped.  
1.47.4 Displaying the radar map  
1. Press the [MENU] key to display the Main menu.  
2. Press the [8] key twice to display the MARK menu.  
3. Press the [2] key to select ON from the DISP field.  
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key followed by the [MENU] key.  
1.47.5 Erasing contents of the radar map  
1. Press the [MENU] key.  
2. Press the [8] key twice to display the MARK menu.  
3. Press the [3] key 2-3 times to select the method of erasure: NO (individual marks), DISPLAY  
(marks currently displayed), or ALL (all marks).  
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key followed by the [MENU] key.  
-1.43-  
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1.48 Alarms  
The table below summarizes alarms which may occur at various warning conditions.  
Warning  
Audible  
alarm  
Visual alarm  
To quit alarm status  
HEADING  
failure  
2 beeps  
HDG label reads xxx.x° and the Match the on-screen HDG  
message GYRO SIG MISSING readout with the actual compass  
appears in red.  
reading, if necessary. To stop  
Display is automatically switched the audible alarm press the  
to head-up mode within 1 min.  
When the heading signal from  
the gyrocompass restores  
AUDIO OFF key.  
Press the MODE key to erase  
normal, the indication HDG SET HDG SET and correct the  
appears in red.  
heading readout.  
Target alarm  
(TAZ)  
Beeps  
Target flashes.  
Press [TARGET ALARM] key.  
WATCH alarm Beeps  
WATCH 0:00  
(Label WATCH TIM turns red  
Press the [AUDIO OFF] key.  
The label WATCH turns to  
and time count freezes at 0:00). normal video and the timer is  
reset.  
Own ship  
lat/lon  
Cursor lat/lon  
None  
xxx.x° In own ship position field Make sure that own ship  
xxx.x° In cursor position field  
position data is fed from external  
radionav equipment.  
System failure None  
Message AZIMUTH SIGNAL  
MISSING appears. No radar  
echoes.  
Incorrect  
keystroke  
Double  
beep tone  
None  
Correct keystroke creates a  
single beep provided that KEY  
BEEP ON is selected in initial  
settings.  
Log failure  
2 beeps  
LOG xx.x and LOG SIGNAL  
If the SDME has failed, use the  
MISSING appear, if a log signal Manual Speed mode or other  
is absent for 30 sec while an os appropriate sensor.  
speed has been > 5.0 kt.  
EPFS failure  
Continuous EPFS in red (EPFS: electronic To silence the beep, press the  
beep  
position-finding system)  
[AUDIO OFF] key.  
The indication also appears  
when the GPS mode is  
switched between GPS and  
DGPS.  
TRUE VECTOR None  
indication  
TRUE VECTOR (red) appears in  
the second data cell when the  
presentation mode is RM, goes  
off in the North-up TM.  
UPDATE PLOT None  
If you have failed to enter a next Re-acquire the flashing target  
EPA plot within 10 min, this within 5 min. Leave it if it is not  
indication flashes. Plot symbol important.  
of the target also flashes.  
COLLISION  
General  
Continuous COLLISION comes on when  
Take evasive action or  
terminate tracking of target.  
Then, visual indication goes off.  
beep  
EPA- or ATA-tracked target is  
on collision course.  
Beep or  
Corresponding labels turn red  
-1.44-  
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Warning  
may not  
beep  
on the SIGNAL MISSING cell.  
TRIG: no trigger signal from the  
scanner unit.  
AZIMUTH: no azimuth signal  
(turning signal). See SYSTEM  
FAILURE column.  
VIDEO: no video signal from the  
RF transceiver.  
GYRO: no gyrocompass signal  
due to disconnected lines(s).  
LOG: see LOG FAILURE  
column.  
CPU  
None  
LEDs light on the processor  
board 03P9230.  
Call a service representative.  
Note: US Regulation prohibits  
unqualified person to open the  
covers.  
-1.45-  
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1.49 Enlarging Close-in Targets (R-type only)  
All targets within the first range ring can be enlarged as follows:  
1. Press the [MENU] key to open the menu.  
2. Press the [5] key twice to display the ECHO SIG menu.  
ECHO SIG  
1. COLOR  
YEL GRN  
*
*Color available on R-type  
2. CLTR SWEEP  
3. SWEEP LEVEL  
4. ENHANCE  
5. 2ND ECHO  
OFF ON (LINK) ON(FIX)  
1
2
3
OFF ON  
OFF ON  
6. PULSE 1  
7. PULSE 2  
8. A/D CURVE  
9. CNTR ENHANCE  
0. REALTIME HU  
A
B
C
D
8., 9., 0. R-type only  
OFF ON  
OFF ON  
3. Press the [9] key to select OFF or ON from the CNTR (Center) ENHANCE field as  
appropriate.  
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key followed by the [MENU] key.  
1.50 A/D Converter Curve Setting (R-type only)  
You may select an A/D curve according to objective, referring to the table below. The default  
setting is A.  
1. Press the [MENU] key to open the menu.  
2. Press the [5] key twice to display the ECHO SIG menu.  
3. Press the [8] to select desired curve referring to the table below.  
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key followed by the [MENU] key.  
A A lot of green but little red. Float detection.  
Noise is green in color.  
Reduce sea reflections.  
General navigation.  
B Between A and C.  
Normal use: Useful for target  
discrimination.  
C Little green but lot of red. Long range detection.  
Fine noise.  
Buoy detection.  
Noise in yellow and red.  
D Little green but lot of red. Long range detection.  
Fine noise.  
Buoy detection.  
Noise in red.  
Longer range detection than C  
-1.46-  
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1.51 Echo Area (R-type only)  
You may select the size of the area in which echoes are displayed as follows:  
1. Press [MENU], [0], [0], [5], [5] to show the DISPLAY menu.  
DISPLAY  
1. ↑  
2. NAV DATA  
OFF ON  
3. ECHO AREA  
CIRCLE  
WIDE  
2. Press the [3] key to select CIRCLE or WIDE referring to the illustration below.  
NAV  
NAV  
DATA  
DATA  
CIRCLE  
WIDE  
3. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key followed by the [MENU] key.  
1.52 Real Time Heading Up (R-type only)  
The real time picture on the head-up mode can be displayed (default setting). If you prefer  
traditional picture to the real time picture, select it as follows.  
1. Press the [MENU] key to open the menu.  
2. Press the [5] key twice to display the ECHO SIG menu.  
3. Press the [0] key to select OFF or ON from the REALTIME HU field as appropriate.  
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key followed by the [MENU] key.  
-1.47-  
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2 OPERATION OF AUTOMATIC TRACKING AID (ATA) ARP-17  
2.1 Introduction  
The FR-1500 MARK-3 series radar can accommodate an optional ATA (Automatic Tracking Aid)  
module complying with IMO MSC.64(67) Annex 4 and IEC 60872-2. With the optional ATA circuit  
board (ARP -17) fitted in the display unit, the radar will automatically acquire 10 targets coming into  
the acquisition area. Once a target is acquired automatically or manually it is automatically tracked  
within 0.2 to 32 nm, whether inside or outside the acquisition area.  
Principal specifications  
Auto tracking range: 0.1 - 32 nm, irrespective of range scale and acquisition range  
Vector length:  
Orientation:  
Stabilization:  
Motion trend:  
Past positions:  
Alarms:  
0.5 sec., 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 15, 30 min.  
True velocity or relative velocity  
Sea or Ground stabilization  
Displayed within 20 scans, full accuracy within 60 scans after acquisition.  
10 past positions at intervals of 30 sec, 1, 2, 3 or 6 min.  
Visual and audible alarms against targets violating CPA/TCPA limits, lost  
targets, targets crossing guard zone, system failure and target full status.  
ATA Menu tree  
MENU key --------------- 1. VIDEO PLOT * Requires RP-17.  
------- 2. TGT TRAIL  
------- 3. TGT ALARM  
------- 4. WATCH TIME  
------- 5. ECHO SIG  
------- 6. FUNC  
------- 7. PLOT-------------------1. MARK DISP (OFF/ON)  
------- 8. MARK  
------- 9. BRILL  
------- 0. OTHERS  
----- 2. ERASE  
----- 3. VECT REF (REL/TRUE)  
----- 4. VECT TIME (30SEC/1/3/6/15/30MIN)  
----- 5. CPA SET (OFF/0.5/1/1.5/2/3/4/5/6NM)  
----- 6. TCPA SET (30SEC/1/2/3/4/5/6/12/15NM)  
----- 7. TRACK (ON/OFF)  
----- 8. AUDIO ALARM (OFF/ON)  
----- 9. INTVAL (30SEC/1/2/3/6 min)  
----- 0.  
----------------1.  
-----2. AUTO ACQ (OFF/ON/SET)  
-----3. GUARD ZONE (OFF/ON/SET)  
-----4. TRACK TEST  
-----5. LAND DISCRIM (0/1/2/3/4)  
-----6. TTM (OFF/REL/TRUE)  
-----7. VECTOR START (1 min/20 scans)  
-----8. REF TGT VECTOR (OFF/ON)  
-----9. TARGET BASED SPEED  
-2.1-  
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2.2 Criteria of Tracking  
A target measuring 800 m or more in the radial or circumferential direction is regarded as a  
landmass and not acquired or tracked. Echoes smaller than 800 m are regarded as targets to  
be tracked.  
The FURUNO ARPA ATA video processor detects targets in the midst of noise and  
discriminates radar echoes on the basis of their size. Target whose echo measurements are  
greater than those of the largest ship in range or tangential extent are usually land and are  
displayed only as normal radar video. All smaller ship-sized echoes which are less than this  
dimension are further analyzed and regarded as ships and displayed as small circles  
superimposed over the video echo.  
When a target is first displayed, it is shown as having zero true speed but develops a course  
vector as more information is collected. In accordance with the International Marine  
Organization Automatic Radar Plotting Aid (IMO ARPA) requirements, an indication of the  
motion trend should be available within 20 scans of antenna and full vector accuracy within 60  
scans. The FURUNO ARPAs/ATAs comply with these requirements.  
Acquisition and tracking  
A target which is hit by 5 consecutive radar pulses is detected as a radar echo. Auto acquisition is  
not defined in paints but in time, which should be less than 3 seconds of initial stage.  
Manual acquisition is done by designating a detected echo with the trackball. Automatic acquisition  
is done in the acquisition areas when a target is detected 5-7 times continuously depending upon  
the congestion. Tracking is achieved when the target is clearly distinguishable on the display for 5  
consecutive or alternate paints out of 10 consecutive scans whether acquired automatically or  
manually. Required tracking facilities are available within 0.1-32 nm on range scales including 3, 6,  
12 nm; full plotting information is available within one scan when the range scale has been changed.  
Targets not detected in 5 consecutive scans become “lost targets”.  
Quantization  
The entire picture is converted to a digital from called “Quantified Video”. A sweep range is divided  
into small segments and each range element is “1” if there is radar echo return above a threshold  
level, or “0” if there is no return.  
The digital radar signal is then analyzed by a ship-sized echo discriminator. As the antenna scans, if  
there are 5 consecutive radar pulses with 1’s indicating an echo presence at the exact same range,  
a target “start” is initiated. Since receiver noise is random, it is not three bang correlated, and it is  
filtered out and not classified as an echo.  
The same is true of radar interference. Electronic circuits track both the closet and most distant  
edges of the echo. At the end of the scanning of the echo, the discriminator indicates the measured  
maximum range extent and total angular extent subtended by the echo. If the echo is larger than a  
ship-sized echo in range extent and/or angular width, adjusted as a function of range, it is declared  
to be a coastline and the closet edge is put into memory as a map of the area.  
This land outline is used to inhibit further acquisition and tracking of ship sized echoes beyond the  
closest coast outline. 5 consecutive scans of coastal outline are retained in memory to allow for  
signal variation. All smaller echoes are declared to be ship sized and the middle of the leading edge  
is used to provide precise range and bearing coordinates of each echo on every scan. This  
range/bearing data is matched to previous data and analyzed from scan-to-scan for consistency.  
When it is determined to be as consistent as a real target, automatic acquisition occurs and tracking  
is initiated.  
-2.2-  
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Continued tracking and subsequent calculation develop the relative course and speed of the target  
just as a man would do when plotting the relative course and speed of the target on the scope with a  
grease pencil.  
The true course and speed of own ship are computed from own ship’s gyro and speed inputs, and  
the resulting course and speed of each tracked target is easily computed by vector summing of the  
relative motion with own ship’s course and speed. The resulting true or relative vector is displayed  
for each of the tracked targets. This process is updated continually for each target on every scan of  
the radar.  
Automatic acquisition areas and suppression lines  
Performance of auto-acquisition is enhanced by controlling the limit lines (suppression lines) in the  
former series of FURUNO ARPAs. In the ATA, the automatic acquisition rings are used instead of  
the limit lines.  
Auto acquisition rings work as suppression lines when viewed from the opposite direction. They  
should be placed clear of a landmass or shoreline. The acquisition areas may be a full 360 degree  
circle or sector of any angles. They are gyro stabilized.  
Qualitative description of tracking error  
The FURUNO ARPA or ATA accuracy complies with or exceed IMO standards.  
Own ship maneuvers  
For slow turns there is no effect. For very high turning rates (greater than 150°/ minute, depending  
on gyro), there is some influence on all tracked targets which last for a minute or two and then all  
tracked targets revert to full accuracy.  
Other ship maneuvers  
Target ship courses, lag 15 to 30 seconds at high relative speed, or 3 to 6 seconds at low (near 0)  
relative speed. It is less accurate during a turn due to lag, but accuracy recovers quickly.  
-2.3-  
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2.3 Activating, Deactivating the ATA  
The ATA is activated/deactivated through the menu. Acquired targets are tracked internally when  
the ATA is deactivated.  
1. Adjust the A/C RAIN, A/C SEA and GAIN controls for proper radar picture.  
2. Press [MENU], [7] to show the PLOT MENU 1  
PLOT MENU 1  
1. MARK DISP  
OFF  
ON  
2. ERASE  
3. VECT REF  
REL  
TRUE  
4. VECT TIME  
(min)  
30sec  
1
3
6
15 30  
5. CPA SET  
OFF 0.5NM 1NM  
1.5NM 2NM 3NM  
4NM 5NM 6NM  
6. TCPA SET  
(min)  
30sec  
1
2
3
4
5
6
12 15  
7. TRACK  
OFF ON  
8. AUDIO ALARM  
OFF ON  
9. INTVAL (min)  
30sec  
1
2
3
6
3. Press the [1] key to select ON or OFF from the MARK DISP field.  
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.  
5. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.  
-2.4-  
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2.4 Entering Own Ship’s Speed  
The ATA requires own ship’s speed and heading data. Of these, the speed data can be entered  
automatically from a speed log, navaid or manually through the menu.  
Note: It is customary to use a speed relative to water for collision avoidance and a speed over the  
ground for navigation purpose.  
2.4.1 Automatic speed input  
1. Press [MENU], [0], [0] to display the OTHERS menu.  
OTHERS  
1. HDG SET  
2. SPD MODE  
MAN LOG  
LOG (S-BT)  
LOG (S-WT)  
3. MAN SPD  
4. SET & DRIFT  
5. DISPLAY  
6. MARK/LINE  
7. TUNE  
8. NAV DATA  
9. EBL/+/PI  
0.  
↓
2. Press the [2] key to select LOG or NAV (R-type only) from the SPD MODE field.  
3. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.  
4. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.  
Notes:  
1) IMO Resolution A.823(19) for ARPA recommends that a speed log to be interfaced with an  
ARPA should be capable of providing through-the-water speed. This applies to the ATA as  
well.  
2) Be sure not to select LOG when a speed log is not connected. If the log signal is not provided,  
the ship’s speed readout at the screen top will be blank.  
3) SPEED xx.x and SIGNAL MISSING “ LOG” appears if no log signal is present for 30 seconds  
while the ship speed has been more than 5.0 kt.  
-2.5-  
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2.4.2 Manual speed input  
Select MAN at step 2 in preceeding procedure, press the [3] key twice, and enter a speed with  
numeral keypads.  
Target-based speed input  
This mode is used when the ship’s SDME (log) is not operating properly or the vessel has no  
device which detects ship’s leeward movement (Doppler sonar 2-axis speed log, etc.) and leeward  
movement is not disregarded.  
If you select target-based speed, the radar calculates own ship's speed relative to fixed reference  
targets. The number of targets may be 1, 2 or 3. They appear as tracked targets, each shown in a  
small circle, but without a vector. When a plural of reference targets are selected, the mean value  
is used for stabilization and speed. A vector can be displayed for the reference target. This can be  
done with REF TGT VECTOR on the PLOT menu 2.  
PLOT MENU 2  
1. Select a small ground mass target (small island, lighthouse) 0.2 to 24  
1.  
2. AUTO ACQ  
OFF ON SET  
↑
nautical miles from own ship.  
2. Place the cursor on the target.  
3. Press [MENU], [7], [7], [0], [0], [9], [9].  
3. GUARD ZONE  
OFF ON SET  
4. Press the [MENU] key. The reference target mark (see below) appears at  
the cursor position and the own ship data label changes from "LOG,"  
"NAV" or "MENU" to "REF." Note that it takes 60 scans before a new  
speed is displayed. If tracking has failed for a reference target, the target  
is marked with a lost target mark (symbol formed with two triangles).  
4. TRACK TEST  
OFF ON  
5. LAND  
DISCRIM  
0
1
2
3
4
changes to  
R in 60 scans  
6. TTM  
OFF  
Reference targets are marked with a circle having a reference number  
(R1, R2, R3).  
REL TRUE  
7. VECT START  
1min  
Note: Targets under automatic tracking condition should not be  
selected as reference Targets.  
20SCAN  
8. REF TGT  
VECTOR  
OFF ON  
9. TARGET  
BASED SPEED  
2.5 Acquiring Targets  
The ATA permits automatic acquisition (10 targets) plus manual acquisition (10 targets), or fully  
manual acquisition (20 targets) within a range of 0.2 to 32 miles. The targets are automatically  
numbered and the same numbers are not used more than once until the maximum capacity is  
reached.  
Before starting the ATA, check that heading and speed readouts at the top of the screen are  
correct.  
2.5.1 Manual acquisition  
1. Place the cursor (+) on a target of interest by operating the trackball.  
2. Press the [PLOT SYMBOL] key.  
-2.6-  
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The plot symbol changes its shape according to the status as below. A vector appears in about  
one minute after acquisition, indicating the target’s motion trend. If the target is consistently  
detected for three minutes, the plot symbol changes to a solid mark. If acquisition fails, the target  
symbol blinks and disappears shortly.  
List of plot symbols  
Reference target under steady tracking condition  
○R1  
20 scans of initial tracking  
60 scans of initial tracking (Steady tracking)  
1
Target selected for data readout  
CPA alarm  
Target in guard zone  
Lost target is indicated by flashing diamond symbol. The diamond is formed  
from two equal triangles. The lost target disappears after a while.  
CAUTION - TARGET SWAP  
When a target being tracked nears another target being tracked, the targets may be  
swapped. When two targets acquired either automatically or manually come close  
to each other, one of the two may become a Lost Target. Should this happen,  
manual re-acquisition of the Lost Target may be required after the two have  
separated.  
2.5.2 Automatic acquisition  
1. Press [MENU], [7], [7] to display the PLOT menu.  
2. Press the [0] key twice.  
3. Press the [2] key to select SET from the AUTO ACQ field.  
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.  
5. Place the cursor at upper (lower) left edge of area and press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.  
6. Place the cursor at the lower (upper) right edge of the area and press the  
[ENTER/SELECT] key.  
0.5 nm  
A
B
-2.7-  
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2.5.3 Changing plot symbol mark  
The plot symbol for a target may be changed after acquiring the target. This feature is available on  
the R-type radar.  
1. Place the cursor on the plot symbol mark you wish to change.  
2. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key successively while pressing and holding down the [HL  
OFF] control to select plot symbol mark desired.  
Plot symbols  
Note: Changing the plot symbol mark while a target is under acquisition (target marked  
with dashed square) will cause all plot symbol marks above to be shown with dashed lines.  
3. To inscribe a smaller plot symbol mark, place the cursor on any plot symbol, then press the  
[ENTER/SELECT] key. Mark size can be alternately selected to large or small by repeating  
this step.  
2.6 Terminating Tracking of Targets  
When the ATA has acquired 20 targets, no more acquisition occurs unless targets are lost. Should  
this happen, cancel tracking of individual targets or all targets by the procedure described below.  
2.6.1 Individual targets  
Place the cursor (+) on a target which you do not want to be tracked any longer by operating the  
trackball and press the [CANCEL/CLEAR] key.  
2.6.2 All targets  
All targets can be canceled from the PLOT menu as follows.  
1. Press [MENU], [7], [7] to show the PLOT menu.  
2. Press the [2] key twice to select ERASE.  
3. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.  
4. Press the [MENU] key.  
-2.8-  
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2.7 Vectors True or Relative  
Target vectors are displayed in relative or true mode. Own ship does not have a vector in relative  
mode. You may select true or relative vector with VECT REF on the PLOT MENU 1.  
2.7.1 Vector time  
From the PLOT MENU 1, VECT TIME (or the length of vectors) can be set to 30 seconds, 1, 3, 6,  
15 or 30 minutes and the selected vector time is indicated on the screen.  
The vector tip shows an estimated position of the target after the selected vector time elapses. It  
can be valuable to extend the vector length to evaluate the risk of collision with any target.  
2.7.2 Vector start time  
Whenever the range is changed the vectors for tracked targets is reestablished. You can select  
when to start re-establishment of the vectors with VECT START on the PLOT MENU 2. The  
operator has the choices of 1 min or 20 scans.  
2.8 Displaying Target Data  
The ATA calculates motion trends (range, bearing, course, speed, CPA and TCPA) of all targets  
under tracking, and displays data of selected target at the top right corner of the screen.  
Note: At a speed under 5 kt the target data is displayed with a delay due to filtration  
processing.  
Displaying data  
Place the cursor on a wanted target and press the [ENTER/SELECT] key. Data on the selected  
target is displayed on the screen. The data includes the follows;  
BRG/RNG (Bearing/Range): RNG/BRG (Range/Bearing): Range and bearing from own ship to the  
selected target with suffix T (True).  
CSE/SPD (Course/Speed): Course and speed are displayed for the selected target with suffix T  
(True).  
CPA (Closest Point of Approach) is the closest range a target will approach to own ship. Do not  
confuse it with the operator preset CPA alarm limit.  
TCPA is the time to CPA measured with present speeds of own ship and the targets. Both CPA  
and TCPA are automatically calculated. When a target ship has passed clear of own ship, the CPA  
is displayed and the TCPA appears as “**.*” TCPA is counted up to 99.59 min. and beyond this it is  
indicated as TCPA>99.9 min.  
Note 1: MARK DISP on the PLOT menu must be turned on to display target data.  
Note 2: Target data may be displayed with reference to North (True) or own ship heading  
(Relative). The desired reference may be selected with TARGET DATA on the PLOT menu.  
-2.9-  
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2.9 Past Position Display  
The ATA displays equally time-spaced dots (maximum 10 dots at intervals of 30 seconds, 1, 2, 3 or  
6 minutes) marking the past positions of any targets being tracked.  
If a target changes its speed, the spacing will be uneven. If it changes the course, its plotted  
course will not be a straight line in TM mode. In True Motion, the past position display is produced  
relative to North (True Trails). In Relative Motion, it is relative to North or Heading as selected.  
To turn the past position display on/off:  
1. Press [MENU], [7], [7] to display the PLOT menu.  
2. Press the [7] key to select ON or OFF from the TRACK field as appropriate.  
Selecting plotting interval  
On the PLOT MENU 1, select desired past position display plotting interval from the 9. INTVAL  
field.  
2.10 Set and Drift  
Set, the direction of ocean current, can be manually entered in the nearest degree. Drift, the speed  
of current, can also be entered manually, in 0.1 knot increments. Set and drift corrections are  
beneficial for increasing the accuracy of the vector data. The correction is best made on relative  
motion with true vector, watching landmasses, buoys, or stationary targets. Thus, the speed and  
course of own ship over the ground are reciprocally calculated and compared with the relative  
bearing and range to the reference target to produce a Set and Drift. These values are applied to  
all targets. If stationary objects have vectors, the set and drift should be corrected until they lose  
their vectors.  
If own ship is equipped with a device to indicate ocean current movements, the values shown on it  
may be used.  
1. Press [MENU], [0], [0] to display the OTHERS menu.  
2. Press the [4] key twice to select SET & DRIFT.  
SET & DRIFT  
1. ↓↑  
2. SET & DRIFT OFF ON  
3. SET  
000.0°  
00.0kt  
4. DRIFT  
3. Press the [2] key to select ON from the SET & DRIFT field, and then press the  
[ENTER/SELECT] key.  
4. Press the [3] key, enter SET value, and then press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.  
5. Press the [4] key, enter DRIFT value, and then press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.  
6. Press the [MENU] key.  
-2.10-  
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2.11 Alarms  
2.11.1 CPA/TCPA alarm  
Visual and audible alarms are generated when the predicted CPA and TCPA of any target become  
less than their preset limits.  
The ATA continuously monitors the predicted range at the Closest Point of Approach (CPA) and  
predicted time to CPA (TCPA) of each tracked target to own ship.  
When the predicted CPA of any target becomes smaller than a preset CPA alarm range and its  
predicted TCPA less than a preset TCPA alarm limit, the ATA releases an audible alarm. In  
addition, the target plot symbol changes to a triangle and flashes together with its vector.  
Provided that this feature is used correctly, it will help prevent the risk of collision by alerting you to  
threatening targets. It is important that GAIN, A/C SEA, A/C RAIN and other radar controls are  
properly adjusted and the ATA is set up so that it can track targets effectively.  
CPA/TCPA alarm ranges must be set up properly taking into consideration the size, tonnage,  
speed, turning performance and other characteristics of own ship.  
The CPA/TCPA alarm feature should never be relied upon as a sole means for detecting the risk of  
collision. The navigator is not relieved of the responsibility to keep visual lookout for avoiding  
collisions, whether or not the radar or other plotting aid is in use.  
Follow the steps shown below to set the CPA/TCPA alarm ranges:  
1. Press [MENU], [7], [7] to display the PLOT menu.  
2. Press [5] (CPA SET) to select CPA limit desired from the CPA SET line.  
3. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.  
4. Press [6] (TCPA SET) to select a TCPA limit desired.  
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.  
6. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.  
Silencing CPA/TCPA audible alarm  
Press the [AUDIO OFF] key to acknowledge and silence the CPA/TCPA audible alarm.  
The flashing of the triangle plot symbol and vector remain on the screen until the dangerous  
situation is no longer present or you intentionally terminate tracking of the target by using the  
[CANCEL/CLEAR] key.  
2.11.2 Lost target alarm  
When the system detects a lost target, tracking on the target is discontinued and the target symbol  
becomes a flashing diamond, finally disappearing from the display. The normal plotting symbol is  
restored to the target when the target is manually acquired.  
Confirming lost target  
1. Place cursor on target.  
2. Press the [CANCEL/CLEAR] key.  
-2.11-  
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2.11.3 Guard zone alarm  
When a target comes in a guard zone, the audible alarm comes on with the visual indication  
GUARD ZONE. The intruding target is denoted by an inverted triangle mark. If the target leaves  
the zone, it changes to a normal tracking symbol (O).  
You can set the guard zone as follows:  
1. Press the [MENU], [7], [7] to display the PLOT menu.  
2. Press the [0] key twice.  
3. Press the [3] key to select GUARD ZONE.  
4. Press the [3] key again to select SET and press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.  
5. Set the cursor on one boundary of the guard ring and press the [ENTER/SELECT] key. Set  
the cursor on the other boundary and press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.  
The default (setting at switching on) Guard Zone covers 3.5-4 nm in a sector ±45° of the heading.  
The range and sector of the GZ may be adjustable to cover full 360° as selected by the operator.  
To disable the guard zone, select OFF at step 4 in the above procedure and press the  
[ENTER/SELECT] key.  
-2.12-  
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2.12 Track Test (Simulation Display)  
Do this test when the radar is not being used.  
The simulation display tests the ATA processor for proper operation. The figure below shows  
the starting picture of the simulation display. Each mark moves as time passes. Check that  
each target’s data is reasonable.  
1. Press [MENU], [7], [7], [0], [0], [4], [4].  
2. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to start the test.  
3. It takes approximately three minutes for all vectors to be displayed completely on the  
screen. The simulation display does not need radar, gyrocompass nor speed log input;  
seven targets on various courses and speeds are provided.  
000  
350  
010  
020  
Target  
Course  
Speed  
(kt)  
CPA  
(nm)  
TCPA  
(min)  
340  
330  
030  
320  
040  
F
050  
060  
070  
080  
310  
300  
290  
280  
Target A  
Target B  
Target C  
Target D  
Target E  
Target F  
Target G  
90.0°T  
0.0°T  
10.0  
0.0  
1.0  
4.0  
1.7  
0.9  
6.0  
0.0  
4.0  
10.4  
-
E
D
C
180.0°T  
216.5°T  
273.5°T  
180.0°T  
24.6°T  
10.0  
23.8  
14.2  
20.0  
15.6  
28.2  
15.0  
22.5  
30.0  
43.6  
A
270  
260  
090  
100  
B
250  
240  
230  
110  
120  
130  
XX  
220  
G
140  
210  
150  
200  
160  
190  
170  
180  
4. The simulation continues for five minutes and then repeats. To quit the test sequence,  
repeat step 1.  
2.13 Outputting Target Data  
Target data may be output to external equipment as follows:  
1. Press [MENU], [7], [7], [0], [0].  
2. Press the [6] key to select OFF, REL, TRUE from the TTM field as appropriate.  
1. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key followed by the [MENU] key.  
-2.13-  
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2.14 Diagnostic Sequence  
You can check the ATA Board for proper operation as follows. The self test does not require  
operator intervention. It runs automatically when the power is placed on at regular intervals or on  
operator demand.  
1. Press [MENU], [0], [0], [0], [0].  
2. Press the [2] key twice to start the diagnosis sequence. The results of the test appear as  
shown below.  
FR-1500 M-3 TEST  
1. Program No. 03591521**  
Press MENU key to escape.  
Press ENTER to check CRT.  
** = Program Version No.  
2. ROM Check  
3. RAM Check  
OK  
OK  
4. Antenna Rotation  
5. TX Trigger Frequency 3000Hz  
6. Video Level 000  
24rpm  
7. Video Signal OK  
ARP TEST  
1. Program No. 18590411** 18590421**  
2. ROM Check  
3. RAM Check  
4. Speed Log  
5. Course  
OK  
OK  
OK 0.0KT  
OK  
OK  
6. Trigger  
OK  
7. Video Signal OK  
8. Bearing Pulse OK  
9. Heading Pulse OK  
10. Minimum Hit OK  
11. Scan Time  
0274  
12. Manual Acq 00  
13. Auto Acq  
14. FE-Data 1  
15. FE-Data 2  
00  
0000  
0000  
If NG appears for any ATA-related item, call for service.  
-2.14-  
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2.15 Factors Affecting ARPA Functions  
Sea returns  
If the radar anti-clutter control is adjusted properly, there is no serious effect because distant wave  
clutter, not eliminated by this control, is filtered out by more than one bang correlation and  
scan-to-scan matching of data.  
Rain and snow  
Clutter can be acquired and tracked as targets. Adjust the A/C RAIN control. If it is heavy rain,  
switch to S-band if provided, or switch on the interference rejector on the radar. If heavy clutter still  
exists, switch to manual acquisition. Accuracy can be affected.  
Low clouds Usually no effect. If necessary, adjust the A/C RAIN control.  
Non-synchronous emissions No effect.  
Low gain  
Insufficient or low radar receiver gain will result in some targets not being acquired at long distance.  
ARPA display will be missing on one or more targets that could only be visible if the radar  
sensitivity control (GAIN control) were increased.  
The setting of the correct radar receiver gain is not critical but the target should be on the radar  
display area and be clearly visible and well defined.  
Manual acquisition is done if a target is positively displayed more than once. Automatic acquisition  
is done when the target is detected 5-7 times continuously. Tracking is achieved when the target is  
detected 5 times (not necessarily continuously) out of 10 scans. If not detected 6 times out of 10  
scans, the target will become a "lost target." The ARPA or ATA will acquire a radar echo that is  
present once in every six antenna scans and continue tracking if 1 in 10.  
Second trace echoes  
When the radar beam is super refracted, strong echoes may be received at such long ranges that  
they appear on a different timebase sweep than the transmitted pulse. This gives an incorrect  
range indication. Second and third trace echoes can be tracked if they are consistent enough to  
meet acquisition and tracking criteria but target course and speed data will be in error.  
Blind and shadow sectors  
Radar shadow or blind areas caused by obstructions aboard ship, for example, funnels and masts,  
in the path of the radar beam can result in reduction of radar beam intensity in that particular  
direction. This may eliminate the detection of some targets. The ARPA or ATA system will lose  
track of targets shortly after they are lost on the radar picture and if they remain in a blind zone.  
These targets will however be acquired and tracked when they pass out of the blind zone and  
again present normal radar echo. The angular width and bearing of any shadow sector should be  
determined for their influence on the radar. In certain cases false echoes in the shadow sector  
cause the ARPA or ATA system to acquire, track, and vector them. Shadow sectors should be  
avoided.  
-2.15-  
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Indirect echoes  
A target at close range is usually picked up directly, but it can also be received as reflection from a  
large, flat surface. This will result in the radar presenting two or more echoes on the display, each  
at a different range. The ARPA or ATA can acquire and track the false echo if it is detected by five  
consecutive scans. Reduction in radar GAIN can eliminate the multiple echoing but care should be  
taken as range detection also will be reduced.  
Radar interference  
If interference is extreme due to another radar operating at close range, spiral "dotting" and/or false  
targets may appear momentarily. The interference rejector can clear the display.  
To receive radar beacon or SART signals, turn off the radar interference rejection and echo  
average which operate on the correlation technique.  
-2.16-  
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3 RADAR OBSERVATION  
3.1 General  
Minimum range  
The minimum range is defined by the shortest distance at which, using a scale of 1.5 or 0.75 nm, a  
target having an echoing area of 10 m2 is still shown separate from the point representing the  
scanner position.  
It is mainly dependent on the pulselength, scanner height, and signal processing such as main bang  
suppression and digital quantization. It is a good practice to use a shorter range scale as far as it  
gives favorable definition or clarity of picture. The IMO Resolution A. 477 (XII) and IEC 936 require  
the minimum range to be less than 50 m. All FURUNO radars satisfy this requirement.  
Maximum range  
The maximum detecting range of the radar, Rmax, varies considerably depending on several  
factors such as the height of the scanner above the waterline, the height of the target above the sea,  
the size, shape and material of the target, and the atmospheric conditions.  
Under normal atmospheric conditions, the maximum range is equal to the radar horizon or a little  
shorter. The radar horizon is longer than the optical one by about 6% because of the diffraction  
property of the radar signal. The Rmax is given in the following equation.  
Rmax = 2.2 x ( h1 + h2 )  
where  
Rmax: radar horizon (nautical miles)  
h1:  
h2:  
scanner height (m)  
target height (m)  
Radar horizon  
Optical horizon  
For example, if the height of the scanner above the waterline is 9 meters and the height of the target  
is 16 meters, the maximum radar range is;  
Rmax= 2.2 x ( 9 + 16 ) = 2.2 x (3 + 4) = 15.4 nm  
It should be noted that the detection range is reduced by precipitation (which absorbs the radar  
signal).  
X-band and S-band  
In fair weather, the above equation does not give a significant difference between X- and S-band  
radars. However, in heavy precipitation condition, an S-band radar would have better detection than  
an X-band radar.  
Radar resolution  
There are two important factors in radar resolution (discrimination): bearing resolution and range  
resolution.  
-3.1-  
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Bearing resolution  
Bearing resolution is the ability of the radar to display as separate pips the echoes received from  
two targets which are at the same range and close together. It is proportional to the scanner length  
and reciprocally proportional to the wavelength. The length of the scanner radiator should be  
chosen for a bearing resolution better than 2.5° (IMO Resolution). This condition is normally  
satisfied with a radiator of 1.2 m (4 ft) or longer in the X-band. The S-band radar requires a radiator  
of nominal 12 feet (3.6 m) in our product range.  
Range resolution  
Range resolution is the ability to display as separate pips the echoes received from two targets  
which are on the same bearing and close to each other. This is determined by pulselength only.  
Practically, a 0.08 microsecond pulse offers the discrimination better than 35 m as do so with all  
FURUNO radars.  
Test targets for determining the range and bearing resolution are radar reflectors having an echoing  
area of 10 m2.  
Bearing accuracy  
One of the most important features of the radar is how accurately the bearing of a target can be  
measured. The accuracy of bearing measurement basically depends on the narrowness of the  
radar beam. However, the bearing is usually taken relative to the ship’s heading, and thus, proper  
adjustment of the heading line at installation is an important factor in ensuring bearing accuracy. To  
minimize error when measuring the bearing of a target, put the target echo at the extreme position  
on the screen by selecting a suitable range.  
Range measurement  
Measurement of the range to a target is also a very important function of the radar. Generally, there  
are two means of measuring range: the fixed range rings and the variable range marker (VRM). The  
fixed range rings appear on the screen with a predetermined interval and provide a rough estimate  
of the range to a target. The variable range marker’s diameter is increased or decreased so that the  
marker touches the inner edge of the target, allowing the operator to obtain more accurate range  
measurements.  
-3.2-  
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3.2 False Echoes  
Occasionally echo signals appear on the screen at positions where there is no target or disappear  
even if there are targets. They are, however, recognized if you understand the reason why they are  
displayed. Typical false echoes are shown below.  
Multiple echoes  
Multiple echoes occur when a transmitted pulse returns from a solid object like a large ship, bridge,  
or breakwater. A second, a third or more echoes may be observed on the display at double, triple or  
other multiples of the actual range of the target as shown below. Multiple reflection echoes can be  
reduced and often removed by decreasing the gain (sensitivity) or properly adjusting the A/C SEA  
control.  
Side lobe echoes  
Every time the radar pulse is transmitted, some radiation escapes on each side of the beam, called  
“side lobes.” If a target exists where it can be detected by the side lobes as well as the main lobe,  
the side echoes may be represented on both sides of the true echo at the same range. Side lobes  
show usually only on short ranges and from strong targets. They can be reduced through careful  
reduction of the gain or proper adjustment of the A/C SEA control.  
Virtual image  
A relatively large target close to your ship may be represented at two positions on the screen. One  
of them is the true echo directly reflected by the target and the other is a false echo which is caused  
by the mirror effect of a large object on or close to your ship as shown in the figure below. If your  
ship comes close to a large metal bridge, for example, such a false echo may temporarily be seen  
on the screen.  
Target ship  
Own  
ship  
Radar Radiator  
True  
echo  
Radar m ast  
False  
echo  
Mirror image  
of target ship  
Virtual image by mirror effect  
Shadow sector by stern block  
Shadow sectors (see above right)  
Funnels, stacks, masts, or derricks in the path of the scanner block the radar beam. If the angle  
subtended at the scanner is more than a few degrees, a non-detecting sector may be produced.  
Within this sector targets can not be detected.  
-3.3-  
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3.3 SART (Search and Rescue Transponder)  
A Search and Rescue Transponder (SART) is generally carried on the SOLAS Convention ships  
under the GMDSS scheme. It serves as a homing device for the rescue party to reach the survival  
craft in distress. It is triggered by any X-Band (3 cm) radar within a range of approximately 5 nm  
(IMO Resolution A.802 (19)). Each radar pulse received causes it to transmit a response which is  
swept repetitively across the complete radar frequency band. When interrogated, it first sweeps  
rapidly (0.4 µs) through the band before beginning a relatively slow sweep (7.5 µs) through the band  
back to the starting frequency. This process is repeated for a total of twelve complete cycles. At  
some point in each sweep, the SART frequency will match that of the interrogating radar and be  
within the pass band of the radar receiver. When the SART is within about 1 nm, the radar display  
may show 12 responses equally spaced by 0.64 nautical miles.  
Screen A:When SART  
is distant  
Screen B:When SART  
is close  
Lines of 12 dots  
are displayed in  
concentric arcs.  
Radar antenna  
beamwidth  
Echo of SART  
24 NM  
Echo of  
SART  
1.5 NM  
Position of  
SART  
Own ship's  
position  
Own ship's  
position  
Position of  
SART  
SART mark  
length  
Radar receiver  
bandwidth  
9500 MHz  
9200 MHz  
Sweep time  
7.5 µs  
95 µs  
Low speed sweep signal  
High speed sweep signal  
Sweep start  
Summary to detect SART response  
No particular facilities are required to detect the SART responses; however, the following  
precautions are necessary.  
1. Use range scale of 6 or 12 nm as the spacing between the SART responses is about 0.6 nm  
(1125 m) to distinguish the SART.  
2. To avoid a chance of regarding SART signals as noise, do the following:  
- Turn off the automatic clutter suppression.  
- Turn off the Interference Rejector.  
- Turn off the signal processor such as Echo Average.  
The FR-1500 Mark-3 series radars have a macro feature for easy detection of SART.  
Press [F1], 0], [ENTER/SELECT]. The following setting is factory provided.  
IR (Interference Rejector): OFF  
ECHO AVG:  
N REJ:  
ES:  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
A/C AUTO:  
Signal processor:  
Range:  
OFF  
OFF  
12 nm  
-3.4-  
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General remarks on receiving SART  
Radar range scale  
When looking for a SART it is preferable to use either the 6 or 12 nautical mile range scale. This is  
because the total displayed length of the SART response of 12 (or 24) dots may extend  
approximately 9.5 nautical miles beyond the position of the SART and it is necessary to see a  
number of response dots to distinguish the SART from other responses.  
SART range errors  
When responses from only the 12 low frequency sweeps are visible (when the SART is at a range  
greater than about 1 nm), the position at which the first dot is displayed may be as mush as 0.64 nm  
beyond the true position of the SART. When the range closes so that the fast sweep responses are  
seen also, the first of these will be no more than 150 meters beyond the true position.  
Radar bandwidth  
This is normally matched to the radar pulselength and is usually switched with the range scale and  
the associated pulselength. Narrow bandwidths of 3-5 MHz are used with long pulses on long range  
scales and wide bandwidths of 10-25 MHz with short pulses on short ranges.  
A radar bandwidth of less than 5 MHz will attenuate the SART signal slightly, so it is preferable to  
use a medium bandwidth to ensure optimum detection of the SART.  
Radar side lobes  
As the SART is approached, side lobes from the radar antenna may show the SART responses as  
a series of arcs or concentric rings. These can be removed by the use of the anti-clutter sea control  
although it may be operationally useful to observe the side lobes as they may be easier to detect in  
clutter conditions and also they will confirm that the SART is near to own ship.  
Detuning the radar  
To increase the visibility of the SART in clutter conditions, the radar may be detuned to reduce the  
clutter without reducing the SART response. Radar with automatic frequency control may not permit  
manual detune of the equipment. Care should be taken in operating the radar in the detuned  
condition as other wanted navigational and anti-collision information may be removed. The tuning  
should be returned to normal operation as soon as possible.  
Gain  
For maximum range SART detection the normal gain setting for long range detection should be  
used, i.e., with a light background noise speckle visible.  
A/C SEA control  
For optimum range SART detection, this control should be set to the minimum. Care should be  
exercised as wanted targets in sea clutter may be obscured. Note also that in clutter conditions the  
first few dots of the SART response may not be detectable, irrespective of the setting of the anti-  
clutter sea control. In this case, the position of the SART may be estimated by measuring 9.5  
nautical miles from the furthest dot back towards own ship.  
Some sets have automatic/manual anti-clutter sea control facilities in which case the operator is  
advised to use manual control initially until the SART has been detected. The effect of the auto sea  
control on the SART response can then be compared with manual control.  
-3.5-  
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A/C RAIN control  
This should be used normally (i.e. to break up areas of rain) when trying to detect a SART response  
which, being a series of dots, is not affected by the action of the anti-clutter rain circuitry. Note that  
RACON responses, which are often in the form of a long flash, will be affected by the use of this  
control.  
Some sets have automatic/manual anti-clutter rain control facilities in which case the operator is  
advised to use manual control initially until the SART has been detected. The effect of the auto sea  
control on the SART response can then be compared with manual control.  
This information is excerpted from IMO SN/Circ 197 OPERATION OF MARINE RADAR FOR SART  
DETECTION.  
3.4 RACON (Radar Beacon)  
A RACON is a radar beacon which emits pulses in the radar frequency spectrum (X or S band).  
There are several signal formats; in general, the RACON signal appears on the radar screen as a  
rectangular echo originating at a point just beyond the position of the radar beacon. It has a Morse  
coded pattern. Sometimes, the echo may appear solid, sometimes separated, depending on the  
code and radar range scale in use.  
Racon  
-3.6-  
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4 OPERATION OF VIDEO PLOTTER RP-17 (OPTION)  
(Needed for Radar Mapping)  
The Video Plotter RP-17 is an optional circuit board which is accommodated in the  
display unit of the FR-1500 MARK-3 series radars. It permits use of two memory cards:  
a memory card(RAM) for storing the operator-created radar maps, and the other is a  
chart card(ROM) storing FURUNO made digital charts.  
The memory card enables the operator to create radar maps more precisely than the  
standard supplied radar map card. The radar map can hold a maximum of 6,000 points.  
The card permanently retains the data you have entered from the radar display or by  
Lat/Long positions. Own ship and other ship tracks may be stored at a selected  
interval.  
Charts are superimposed on the radar picture without disturbing the radar observation.  
The chart area is dependent on the radar range in use.  
The drive for the ROM card can also drive the Electronic Reference Chart (ERC). The  
ERC is a digital chart published by the Japanese Hydrographic Bureau. Note it is not  
an ENC used for ECDIS.  
For details, refer to the separate manual for the Video Plotter RP-17.  
Note: The RP-17 may be used with the IMO specification radar, however the video  
plotter display is not available.  
-4.1-  
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5 MAINTENANCE  
WARNING  
Do not open the equipment  
Hazardous voltage which can cause electrical shock exists inside the equipment.  
Only qualified personnel should work inside the equipment.  
Turn off the radar power switch before servicing the antenna unit. Post a  
warning sign near the switch indicating it should not be turned on while the  
antenna unit is being serviced.  
Prevent the potential risk of being struck by the rotating antenna and exposure to  
RF radiation hazard.  
Wear a safety belt and hard hat when working on the antenna unit.  
Severe injury or death can result if someone falls from the radar antenna mast.  
Notice for technicians  
The display unit designed to run on AC voltage has a  
switch (S2) at its rear to cut off 115/230 V supply from  
internal circuits. Turn off the switch when accessing  
inside the display unit.  
Switch S2  
5.1 Periodic Maintenance Schedule  
Periodic checks and maintenance are important for proper operation of any electronic systems. This  
chapter contains maintenance instructions to be followed to obtain optimum performance and the  
longest possible life of the equipment.  
Interval  
Check point  
Check and measures  
Remarks  
3 to 6  
months  
Exposed nuts  
and bolts on  
antenna unit  
Check for corroded or  
loosened nuts and bolts. If  
necessary, clean and repaint small amount of grease  
them thickly. Replace them if between nuts and bolts for  
Sealing compound may be  
used instead of paint. Apply a  
heavily corroded.  
easy removal in future.  
Antenna radiator Check for dirt and cracks on Do not use plastic solvent  
radiator surface. Thick dirt  
should be wiped off with a  
soft cloth dampened with  
fresh water. If a crack is  
(acetone) for cleaning. If you  
need to remove ice from  
antenna unit, use a wooden  
hammer or plastic head  
found, apply a slight amount hammer. Crack on the unit may  
of sealing compound or  
adhesive as a temporary  
cause water ingress, causing  
serious damages to internal  
remedy, then call for repair. circuits.  
-5.1-  
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Terminal strips  
and plugs in  
antenna unit  
Open antenna cover to  
check terminal strip and plug in position, be careful not to  
connections inside. Also  
check the rubber gasket of  
antenna covers for  
When closing antenna covers  
catch loose wires between  
covers and unit.  
deterioration.  
6 months CRT and  
High voltage at CRT and  
surrounding components  
attract dust in environment  
which will cause poor  
If CRT anode rubber cap or  
wire sheath is cracked, ask  
your dealer to replace it. Wait  
for at least 3 minutes until high  
to one  
year  
surrounding  
components  
insulation. Ask your nearest voltage components (CRT and  
FURUNO representative or HV capacitors) discharge their  
dealer to clean internal high- residual charges before  
voltage components.  
accessing them.  
Terminal strips,  
sockets, earth  
terminal  
Check for loose connections.  
Check contacts and plugs for  
proper seating, etc.  
5.2 Life Expectancy of Major Parts  
Parts  
Type  
Life expectancy  
Remarks  
Antenna motor D8G-571 (X-band) 42 rpm  
D8G-571 (X-band) 24 rpm  
Gears more than 10,000 h Wind load 100 kt  
Magnetron  
E3560, X-band, 6 kW  
2,000 - 3,000 h  
MG 5241, X-band, 12 kW  
MG 5436, X-band, 25 kW  
5.3 Replacement of Batteries  
The GYRO CONVERTER Board (option) and the RP Board have a battery. The battery for the RP  
Board preserves data when the power is turned off, and its life is about five years. When the battery  
voltage of the battery on the RD Board is low, NG (No Good) appears at the diagnostic test for the  
RP board. When this happens, contact your dealer to request replacement of the battery.  
-5.2-  
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6 TROUBLESHOOTING  
6.1 Easy Troubleshooting  
This paragraph describes how to cure operational problems, which can be made by observing the  
radar picture and using operator controls and keys without opening the display unit, antenna unit or  
other equipment units.  
Problem  
Remedy  
Check fuse. If it is blown, replace it.  
Power turned on but radar does  
not operate at all.  
Control panel is not illuminated.  
Check Tx fuse. If it is blown, replace it.  
Marks, legends and noise appear  
but no echo.  
·
·
Check connection of signal cables.  
For video freeze up turn off and on the radar.  
Picture not updated or picture  
freeze up.  
·
·
·
·
·
Clean the radiator surface.  
TUNE control adjusted but poor  
sensitivity.  
Remove water from the feeder line.  
Second trace rejection is on. Turn it off. (See paragraph 1.31.)  
Try to hit the [+] and [-] keys several times.  
Turn off and on the radar.  
Range changed but radar picture  
does not change.  
Only 2 parallel index lines when 6 Set index line interval correctly on the OTHER menu.  
lines are wanted.  
Poor discrimination in range.  
Adjust A/C SEA control.  
True motion presentation not  
working properly.  
Try to press MODE key a little harder.  
Target not tracked correctly.  
Range rings are not displayed.  
No own ship marker  
Adjust A/C SEA and A/C RAIN controls.  
Adjust brilliance of range rings on BRILL menu.  
On R-type check setting of OS MRK on OTHER menu.  
-6.1-  
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6.2 Advanced-level Troubleshooting  
This paragraph describes how to cure hardware and software troubles which should be carried out  
by qualified service personnel.  
Note: This radar equipment contains complex modules in which fault diagnosis and repair  
down to component level are not practicable by users.  
Serviceman qualification  
All adjustments of radio transmitter during or coinciding with the installation, servicing, or  
maintenance which may affect the proper operation must be performed by or under the immediate  
supervision and responsibility of a person holding an operator certificate containing a ship radar  
endorsement.  
This is what the U.S. Codes of Federal Regulations part 80.169 implies (not exact extract).  
As such, every administration sets forth its own rule; service personnel must be aware of this kind  
of competency requirements.  
Service call  
When making a service call to your service agent, check S/N and symptom beforehand.  
Probable causes or check  
points  
Problem  
Remedy  
Power turned on but radar does  
not operate at all.  
1
2
3
4
1
Blown fuse F1 and F2. 1 Replace blown fuse.  
Mains voltage/polarity  
Power supply board  
Illumination lamps  
2 Correct wiring and input voltage.  
3 Replace power supply board.  
4 Replace defective lamps.  
Control panel is not illuminated.  
CRT brilliance adjusted but no  
picture.  
CRT high tension  
voltage  
1 Check high tension voltage supply with  
utmost care. DANGER.  
2
SPU board  
2 Replace SPU board.  
（Continued on next page）  
-6.2-  
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Probable causes or check  
points  
Problem  
Remedy  
1
Antenna drive  
1 Make sure that there is no short circuit  
across #1 and #2 of J482 on HV 9017  
board.  
Antenna not rotating  
mechanism (note that  
the message BRG SIG  
MISSING appears in  
standby).  
2 Press relay reset button.  
2
Defective antenna  
drive motor relay  
(thermal relay K2,  
200/220/380, 440/100  
VAC)  
Data and marks not displayed in  
Transmit status  
1
SPU board  
1 Replace SPU board.  
1 Replace IF amplifier.  
Adjust GAIN control with A/C  
SEA control set at minimum.  
Marks and legends appear but  
no noise or echo.  
1
2
IF amplifier  
Signal cable between  
antenna and display  
2 Check continuously and isolation of  
coaxial cable. Note: Disconnect the plug  
and lugs at both ends of coaxial cable  
before checking it by ohmmeter.  
3
Video amplifier board  
3 Check video coax line for secure  
connection. If connection is good, replace  
SPU board.  
Marks, legends and noise  
appear but no echo:  
1
2
TX fuse F801  
(Transmitter unit)  
1 If fuse is blown, replace it. If it blows  
again, the modulator or associated circuit  
may be defective.  
(Transmission leak representing  
own ship position is absent.)  
Magnetron  
2
Check magnetron current with the  
check meter in the sub panel. Replace  
magnetron.  
3
4
1
Modulator board  
SPU board  
3 Replace modulator board.  
4 Replace SPU board.  
Picture not updated or picture  
freeze-up.  
Bearing signal generator 1 Check the connection of signal cables.  
board (in antenna unit)  
2
3
1
SPU board  
2
3
1
Replace SPU board.  
Video freeze-up  
SPU board  
Turn off and on the radar.  
HD SIG MISSING appears when the  
heading pulse is not received during  
standby.  
Incorrect orientation of picture  
2
Gyro interface  
2
Replace the gyro interface.  
(Continued on next page)  
-6.3-  
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Probable causes or check  
points  
Problem  
Remedy  
TUNE control adjusted but poor 1 Deteriorated magnetron  
sensitivity.  
1 With radar transmitting on 48 nm range,  
check magnetron current. If current is below  
normal, magnetron may be defective.  
Replace it.  
1
Detuned MIC  
2
Check MIC detecting current. If it is  
below normal value, MIC may have  
become detuned. MIC must be tuned.  
3
4
Dirt on radiator face  
3 Clean the radiator surface.  
Water ingress to the  
waveguide or other  
feeder line  
4 Remove water from the feeder line.  
5
1
Second trace rejection is 5 Disable the second-trace rejector  
ON  
referring to section 1.31.  
Range changed but radar  
picture not changing.  
Defective range key  
1 Try to hit [+] and [-] range keys several  
times. If unsuccessful, replacement of  
keypad may be required.  
2
3
4
SPU board  
2 Replace SPU board.  
3 Replace mother board.  
4 Turn off and on radar.  
Mother board  
Video freeze-up  
Interference rejector inoperable  
(interference rejection level not  
displayed)  
1
2
3
Bad contact of key  
SPU board  
1 Repair contact of key.  
2 Replace SPU board.  
3 Replace mother board.  
Mother board  
Echo stretch ineffective (Neither  
ES1 nor ES2 is displayed)  
1
SPU board  
1 Replace SPU board.  
Only 2 parallel index lines when 1 Incorrect setting of index  
1 Set index line interval adequately  
6 lines are wanted.  
line intervals  
1
2
Adjust the brilliance of  
range rings at the BRILL  
menu to see if intensity  
is increased.  
1 Replace associated circuit board if  
unsuccessful.  
Range rings are not displayed.  
2 Replace SPU board.  
SPU board  
(Continued on next page)  
-6.4-  
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Probable causes or check  
points  
Problem  
Remedy  
1
Sea clutter control not  
functioning properly  
1
Improper setting of A/C SEA control. If  
Poor discrimination in range  
A/C SEA is seen only at very close  
range, suspect inaccurate frequency of  
reference oscillator.  
True motion presentation not  
working correctly  
1
Poor contact of MODE 1 Try to press MODE key a little harder.  
key  
2
3
4
Selection not accessed 2 Press MODE key until TM appears.  
Speed entry incorrect  
TM display inaccurate  
3 Enter correct own ship speed adequately  
4 Make sure that speed and compass  
inputs are accurate.  
1
Poor definition of targets 1 Adjust A/C SEA and A/C RAIN controls  
in sea clutter adequately.  
Target nottracked correctly  
-6.5-  
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6.3 Diagnostic Test  
A diagnostic test program is provided to enable testing of major circuit boards in the radar display  
unit. Note that the normal radar picture is lost during this test.  
Proceed as follows to execute the diagnostic test:  
1. Press [MENU] [0] [0] to show the OTHERS main.  
2. Press the [0] key twice to select the OTHERS sub menu.  
3. Press the [2] key twice to select TEST.  
The diagnostic test is executed and the screen shows test results as shown on the next  
page. OKs appear for normal operation. ARP TEST results appear only when optional ARP  
Board is mounted. If NG (No Good) appears, corresponding components may be defective.  
Consult your dealer.  
4. Small squares displayed on the test results screen are for testing the controls and keys  
(except POWER and [ENTER/SELECT] keys). As you operate these controls and keys,  
corresponding squares are highlighted, indicating that your control/key operations are  
properly recognized.  
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to check the display circuit. See the illustration page 6-7.  
6. To terminate the diagnostic test, press the [MENU] key.  
Sequence for diagnostic test  
[MENU] KEY  
↓
↓ [0] key twice.  
↓ [0] key twice.  
→
→
MENU  
OTHERS  
OTHERS  
1.  
↑
1. VIDEO PLOT *  
2. TGT TRAIL  
3. TGT ALARM  
4. WATCH TIME  
5. ECHO SIG  
6. FUNC  
7. PLOT  
8. MARK  
9. BRILL  
1. HDG SET  
2. SPD MODE  
MAN  
LOG  
2. TEST  
3. DEGAUSS  
4. OUTPUT ALARM  
5. INSTALL  
LOG (S-BT)  
LOG (S-WT)  
3. MAN SPD  
4. SET & DRIFT  
5. DISPLAY  
6. MARK/LINE  
7. TUNE  
0. OTHERS  
8. NAV DATA  
9. EBL/VRM/+  
0.  
↓
Press the [2] key twice to start test. The following appears.  
-6.6-  
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FR-1500 M-3 SERIES TEST  
Press MENU key to escape  
Press ENTER key to check CRT.  
1. Program No.  
0359152107  
2. ROM Check  
OK  
3. RAM Check  
OK  
4. Antenna Rotation  
5. TX Trigger Frequency  
6. Video Level  
rpm  
3000Hz  
000  
7. Video Signal  
OK  
(Color Pallet  
From left: Red, Green,  
Yellow, Blue, Pink, Light  
Blue, White)  
ARP TEST  
1. Program No.  
2. ROM Check  
3. RAM Check  
4. Speed Log  
5. Course  
1859041102  
OK  
OK  
OK 0.0KT  
OK  
1859042101  
OK  
6. Trigger  
OK  
7. Video Signal  
8. Bearing Pulse  
9. Heading Pulse  
10. Minimum Hit  
11. Scan Time  
12. Manual Acq.  
13. Auto Acq.  
14. FE-Data 1  
15. FE-Data 2  
OK  
OK  
OK  
0003  
0804  
00  
00  
0000  
0000  
Control check: Bar increases in  
length with clockwise  
rotation.  
000  
000  
X: 000  
Y: 000  
EBL control  
VRM control  
check  
check  
This test pattern appears when you punch [MENU], [0], [0], [2].  
CRT ADJ  
1.  
2.H SIZE  
3. H POSITION  
4. V SIZE  
5. V POSITION  
6. PIN CUSHION  
7. BRIGHTNESS  
This test pattern appears when you punch [MENU], [0], [0], [2], [ENTER/SELECT].  
-6.7-  
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6.4 Menu Hierarchy  
[MENU] key  
1. VIDEO PLOT  
2. TGT TRAIL  
3. TGT ALARM  
4. WATCH TIME  
5. ECHO SIG  
6. FUNC  
Requires Video Plotter RP-17 (option)  
7. PLOT  
8. MARK  
9. BRILL  
0. OTHERS  
[TGT TRAIL MENU]  
1. TIME(Min)  
15sec 30sec 1 3 6 15  
30CONT  
[2]  
2. MODE  
3. SHADE  
4. LEVEL  
REL TRUE  
MONO MULTI  
1 2 3  
5. TRAIL COPY OFF ON  
6. THIN TRAIL OFF/ON  
7. THIN MODE 1 2 3 4  
7: R-type only  
* Target alarm fixed at "IN" on  
IMO-type radars.  
R-type has options of "IN" and  
"OUT" for MODE 1 and 2.  
[TGT ALARM MENU]  
[3]  
[4]  
1. AREA  
2. MODE1  
3. MODE2  
NO1 NO2  
IN OUT  
IN OUT  
[WATCH TIME MENU]  
1. ALM INTVL OFF 3 6 12 15 20min  
[ECHO SIG MENU]  
[5]  
* COLOR on R-type only.  
8, 9, 0: R-type only  
1. COLOR  
YEL GRN *  
2. CLTR SWEEP OFF ON(LINK) ON(FIX)  
3. SWEEP LVL 1 2 3  
4. ENHANCE  
OFF ON  
5. 2ND ECHO OFF ON  
6. PULSE 1  
7. PULSE 2  
8. A/D CURVE A B C D  
9. CEN ENHANCE OFF ON  
[6], [7]  
1. ↑  
2. 0.5NM (S1/S2)  
3. 0.75-1.5NM (S1/S2/M1)  
4. 3NM (S1/S2/M1/M2/M3)  
5. 6-12NM (M1/M2/M3/L)  
6. 24NM (M2/M3/L)  
0. REALTIME  
OFF ON  
(Continued on next page)  
: When the heading sensor is not connected, these functions are inoperative.  
-6.8-  
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[MENU] key +  
[6]  
[F.2 MENU]  
Select by VRM knob  
and press ENTER key.  
[FUNC MENU]  
1. FUNC1 OFF ON  
2. FUNC2 OFF ON  
3. FUNC3 OFF ON  
4. FUNC1 SET  
5. FUNC2 SET  
6. FUNC3 SET  
7. F.2 SET  
[7]  
1. TRAIL TIME  
21. SART  
2. TRAIL MODE  
3. TRAIL SHADE  
4. TRAIL LEVEL  
5. ALARM AREA  
6. ALARM MODE  
7. TGT COLOR  
8. ECHO AVG  
22. WATCH TIME  
23. STERN MARK  
24. OS MARK  
25. TUNE A/M  
26. EXT WP  
27. OS POSN  
28. CLTR SWEEP  
29. P MONITOR  
30. EBL/+/PI  
[4],  
[5],  
[6]  
9. INT REJ  
10. ECHO STRETCH  
11. NOISE REJ  
12. ECHO ENHANCE  
13. 2ND ECHO  
14. CONTRAST  
15. PLOT MENU  
16. MARK MODE  
17. BRILL MENU  
18. DRIFT MENU  
19. NAV DATA  
31. VRM/+ RNG*  
1. ↑  
2. FUNC SEL  
CST OCEAN R-SEA FLT BY  
HBR L RAIN  
3. ECHO AVG OFF 0.5 1 2 3  
4. INT REJ  
5. STRETCH  
6. N REJ  
OFF 1 2 3  
OFF 1 2 3  
OFF ON  
7. ENHANCE  
OFF ON  
20. DISPLAY  
8. CONTRAST 1 2 3  
9. A/C AUTO  
0. PULSE  
OFF ON  
Displayed only in stand-by. * R-type only.  
1. ↑  
[0]  
2. 0.5NM  
S1 S2  
3. 0.75-1.5NM S1 S2 M1  
4. 3NM  
5. 6-12NM  
6. 24NM  
S1 S2 M1 M2 M3  
M1 M2 M3  
M2 M3  
L
L
[0]  
[PLOT MENU 1]  
1. MARK DISP OFF ON  
2. ERASE  
[PLOT MENU 2]*  
[7]  
1. ↑  
B
2. AUTO ACQ  
3. GUARD ZONE  
4. TRACK TEST  
5. LAND DISCRIM  
6. TTM  
OFF ON SET  
OFF ON SET  
OFF ON  
0 1 2 3 4  
OFF REL TRUE  
1min 20SCAN  
3. VECT REF RELTRUE  
4. VECT TIME 30sec 1 3 6 15 30min  
5. CPA SET  
6. TCPA SET 30sec 1 2 3 4 5 6 12 15min  
7. TRACK OFF ON  
OFF 0.5 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6NM  
7. VECT START  
8. AUDIO ALARM  
9. INTVAL  
OFF ON  
30sec 1 2 3 6min*  
8. REF TGT VECTOR OFF ON  
9. TARGET BASED SPEDD  
0. ↓*  
* Requires Auto Tracking Aid ARP-17 (Option).  
Requires Video Plotter RP-17.  
[8]  
[MARK MENU]  
1. ERASE  
1. Mark Selection  
2. MOB  
C
2. MODE REL TRUE  
3. Display  
On Off  
4. Mark Color RED CYN PPL WHT  
5. Position Correction  
Without RP-17  
[5]  
RADAR MAP menu  
With RP-17  
1. ↑  
2. Position Corr. No Yes  
3. Delta L/L Entry  
4. Variation Corr. Off Manu. Auto  
5. Manual Entry  
(Continued on next page)  
When preeing [8] key for chart overly with  
RP-17 equipped  
-6.9-  
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[MENU] key +  
[9]  
[9]  
[PLOTTER BRILL MENU]*  
[BRILL MENU]  
1. TGT TRAIL  
2. CHARACTER  
3. HDG LINE  
4. EBL/VRM  
5. CURSOR  
6. MARK  
7. PLOT  
8. OS SYMB  
9. ↓*  
1. ↑  
2. LAND  
3. GRID  
4. MARK  
5. OS TRACK  
6. TGT TRACK  
7. COLOR  
* Requires RP-17 Board.  
[OTHER MENU]  
1. HDG SET (0.0-359.9˚)  
[0]  
* NAV shown on R-type only.  
2. SPD MODE MAN LOG NAV*  
LOG (S-BT) LOG (S-WT)  
3. MAN SPD  
4. SET & DRIFT  
5. DISPLAY  
6. MARK/LINE  
7. TUNE  
1. ↑  
[4]  
2. SET/DRIFT  
3. SET  
OFF ON  
000.0˚  
0-19.9kt  
4. DRIFT  
8. NAV DATA  
9. EBL/VRM/+#  
0. ↓  
[5]  
[6]  
1. ↑  
2. NAV DATA  
OFF ON  
3. ECHO AREA CIRCLE WIDE  
#9. EBL/+/PI  
shown on IMO type.  
1. ↑  
2. INDEX LINE  
2
6
3. STERN MRK OFF ON  
4. OS MRK  
OFF ON  
[7]  
[8]  
1. ↑  
2. MODE AUTO MAN  
1. ↑  
2. NAV SEL  
3. EXT WP  
GPS LC  
OFF ON  
4. OS POSN OFF L/L TD  
5. DEPTH  
6. TEMP  
M
˚C  
FA ft  
˚F  
7. TIME DIF UTC LOCAL  
8. LOCAL TIME  
[9]  
1. ↑  
2. EBL/+/PI  
3. VRM/+  
REL TRUE  
NM KM SM*  
* 3. VRM/+ shown  
on R-type only.  
[0]  
1. ↑  
2. TEST  
3. DEGAUSS  
4. OUTPUT ALARM*  
5. INSTALL (for technicians)  
[3]  
* 4. OUTPUT ALARM displayed  
on R-type only.  
1. ↑  
2. DEGS INTV OFF 30sec 1 2min  
3. DEGS DEG OFF 45˚ 90˚ 135˚  
[4]  
* R-type only.  
1. ↑  
2. TIMER  
OFF ON  
3. TGT ALM OFF ON  
4. ATA/EPA OFF ON  
5. PLOTTER OFF ON  
-6.10-  
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7 OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT  
7.1 Performance Monitor (Option)  
A performance monitor is required for a radar installed on certain type of ship as determined by the  
Administrations. The FURUNO PM-30 (for X-band radars) covers 9410 ± 50 MHz.  
It works on the transponder principle. It sends response back to the radar antenna upon receiving  
the pulse from the radar antenna and determines if transmitter or receiver or both are deteriorated in  
comparison with the state of the precious calibration.  
Operating the performance monitor  
1. When Radar Interswitch is connected (depending on the type), set it to the "straight" mode.  
2. Press [F1], [9] keys in this order. Monitoring arcs do not harm the radar performance but if they  
disturb to radar observation, turn it off by pressing [F1] [9]. ([F1] [9] toggles Performance  
Monitor ON and OFF.)  
3. When the Performance Monitor is on by [F1], [9] the following condition results:  
PM power: ON, IR: OFF, ECHO AVG: OFF, ES: OFF, A/C AUTO: OFF, N REJ: OFF,  
RANGE: 24 nm  
Wait for 10 minutes and the radar screen will show several arcs, opposite to the heading marker  
(provided that the performance monitor is installed behind the radar antenna as is normally the  
case). If the radar transmitter and receiver are in good working conditions in as much as the original  
state when the monitor was tuned up, the innermost are should appear at 12 nm and there should  
be a total of 4 arcs.  
The range of the innermost arc reduces 3 nm with every 3 dB loss of transmitted power. Receiver  
sensitivity can be evaluated from the number of visible arcs; one arc is lost every 3 dB deterioration  
of the sensitivity.  
Transmitter performance  
Receiver performance  
Range to innermost arc  
Loss  
0 dB  
Number of arcs  
Loss  
0 dB  
12 nm  
9 nm  
4
3
2
1
0
3 dB  
3 dB  
6 nm  
6 dB  
6 dB  
3 nm or less or none  
> 10 dB  
> 9 dB  
> 12 dB  
-7.1-  
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12 nm  
9 nm  
9 nm  
Transmitter: 3 dB loss  
(Transmitter system has lost a (Transmitter system has lost a  
half of initial power. Suspect  
magnetron.)  
Transmitter: 3 dB loss  
4 arcs starting at 12 nm  
Transmitter: normal  
Receiver: normal  
half of initial power. Suspect  
magnetron.)  
Receiver: normal  
Receiver: 3 dB loss (Receiver  
has lost a half of initial  
sensitivity. Suspect receiver  
front end, water ingress in  
feeder system, etc.)  
-7.2-  
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8 DIGITAL INTERFACE (IEC 61162-1 Edition 1 and 2)  
1 I/O Sentences for Channel 1  
Input  
BWC, BWR, DBK *, DBS *, DBT, DPT, GDD *, GGA, GLL, GTD *, HDG, HDM *, MDA *, MTW (*),  
RMA, RMB, RMC, VBW, VHB, VTG(*), ZDA  
(* ) not recommended in IMO type, * R-Type Only  
Output  
RSD (every 4 s), TLL * (When A/C RAIN control is pressed.)  
* R-Type Only  
2 I/O Sentences of Channel 2  
Channels 2 sentences have priority over channel 1 signals.  
Input  
DBK *, DBS *, DPT, MDA *, MTW, VBW  
* R-type only  
Output  
TTM (Interval: 1-7 tgts, 2.5 sec.; 8-15 tgts, 5.0 sec., 16-20 tgts, 10.0 sec.)  
3
I/O Sentences of Channel 3  
Heading data, I/O sentences of channels 3 have priority over channel 1 signals when both are  
input.  
Input  
HDB *, HDG, HDM, HDT, VHW  
* R-type only  
Output  
None  
4 Sentence Description  
See pages which follow.  
5 Priority  
Nav data sentences below are read left to right, and in case of timeout the sentence right of last  
read sentence is read. In case of multiple high priority sentences the sentences having the highest  
priority is read. ** is read regardless of talker. Timeout is 90 seconds unless specified otherwise.  
-8.1-  
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Position data  
GPS:  
GPGGA > GPRMC > GPGLL  
LCRMA > LCGLL  
LC:  
Timeout: 30 seconds  
Time difference (TD)  
LCRMA > LCGLC > LCGTD *  
Date, time data  
(* R-type only0  
GPZDA  
Timeout: 10 seconds  
Course heading, speed over ground  
In the case of log  
**VBV  
In the case of EPFS  
GPS:  
LC:  
GPVTG > GPRMC  
LCVTG > LCRMA  
Speed through water  
**VBW  
Water depth data  
**DPT > **DBT (IMO-type)  
**DPT >** DBK > **DBS > **DBT (R-type)  
Water temperature data  
**MTW (IMO type)  
**MDA > **MTW (R-type)  
Waypoint range and bearing data  
Without RP-17  
GPS: GPBWR > GPBWC > GPRMB  
LC:  
LCBWR > LCBWC > LCRMB  
With RP-17  
Waypoint L/L data  
GPS: GPBWR > GPBWC > GPRMB  
LC:  
LCBWR > LCBWC > LCRMB  
Ship's heading  
T:  
**HDT > **HDG > **HDM ± VAL > **VHW  
**HDM > **HDG > **HDT ± VAL > **VHW  
R:  
NOTE: ATA uses only AD-10 format gyrocompass data.  
-8.2-  
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Description of Sentences  
Note: Checksum for RMA, RMB and RMC is mandatory. Checksum for other sentences is  
evaluated if it exists.  
BWC - Bearing and distance to waypoint  
BWR - Bearing and distance to waypoint - rhumb line  
Time (UTC) and distance and bearing to, and location of, a specified waypoint from present  
position. $--BWR data is calculated along the rhumb line from present position rather than along  
the great circle path.  
$--BWC, hhmmss.ss, llll.ll, a yyyyy.yy, a, x.x, T, x.x, M, x.x, N, c--c, a*hh<CR><LF>  
$--BWC, hhmmss.ss, llll.ll, a yyyyy.yy, a, x.x, T, x.x, M, x.x, N, c--c, a*hh<CR><LF>  
Checksum  
Mode indicator  
(see note 1)  
Waypoint ID*  
Distance, nautical miles  
Bearing, degrees magnetic*  
Bearing, degrees true  
Waypoint longitude, E/W*  
Waypoint latitude, N/S*  
UTC of observation*  
*: Not used  
NOTE 1: Positioning system Mode indicator:  
A= Autonomous mode  
D= Differential mode  
E= Estimated (dead reckoning) mode  
M= Manual input mode  
S= Simulator mode  
N= Data not valid  
The Mode indicator field shall not be a null field.  
-8.3-  
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DBS - Depth below sea surface  
$--DBS,x,x,f,x,x,M,x,x,F*hh<CR><LF>  
Checksum  
Depth (fathoms) *  
Depth (meters)  
Depth (feet) *  
* Not used  
DBK - Depth below keel  
DBT - Depth below transducer  
Water depth referenced to the transducer.  
$--DBT, x.x, f, x.x, M, x.x, F*hh<CR><LF>  
Checksum  
Water depth, fathoms *  
Water depth, m  
Water depth, feet *  
* Not used  
DPT - Depth  
IMO Resolution A.224 (VII). Water depth relative to the transducer and offset of the measuring  
transducer. Positive offset numbers provide the distance from the transducer to the waterline.  
Negative offset numbers provide the distance from the transducer to the part of the keel of interest.  
$--DPT, x.x, x.x*hh<CR><LF>  
Checksum  
Offset from transducer, in meters = distance from transducer to water-line  
Water depth relative to the transducer, in meters  
* Not used  
-8.4-  
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GGA - Global positioning system (GPS) fix data  
Time, position and fix related data for a GPS receiver.  
Differential reference station ID, 0000-1023 *  
Age of differential GPS data (see note 2) *  
Units of geoidal separation, m *  
Geoidal separation (see note 3) *  
Units of antenna altitude, m *  
Antenna altitude above/below  
mean sea level (geoid) *  
Horizontal dilution of precision *  
Checksum  
$--GGA, hhmmss.ss. 1111.11, a, yyyyy.yy, a, x, xx, x.x, x.x, M, x.x, M, x.x, xxxx*hh<CR><LF>  
Number of satellites in use, 11-12, may be  
different from the number in view *  
GPS quality indicator (note 1)  
Longitude - E/W  
Latitude - N/S  
UTC of position *  
* Not used  
NOTES  
1
GPS quality indicator:  
0 = fix not available or invalid  
1 = GPS SPS mode, fix valid  
6 = Estimated (dead reckoning) mode  
7 = Manual input mode  
2 = differential GPS, SPS mode, fix valid 8 = Simulator mode  
3 = GPS PPS mode GPS fix valid  
4 = Real Time Kinematic. Satellite system used in RTK mode with fixed integers  
5 = Float RTK. Satellite system used in RTK mode with fixed floating integers  
2
3
Time in seconds since last SC104 type 1 or 9 update, null field when DGPS is not used.  
Geoidal separation: the difference between the WGS-84 earth ellipsoid and mean sea level (geoid), “-“ = mean sea  
level below ellipsoid.  
GLL - Geographic position - latitude/longitude  
$--GLL, llll.ll, a yyyyy.yy, a, hhmmss.ss, A, a *hh<CR><LF>  
Checksum  
Mode indicator (see note 1 and note 2)  
Status (see note 2) A = data valid V = data invalid  
UTC of position*  
Longitude, E/W  
Latitude, N/S  
*: Not used  
NOTE 1: Positioning system Mode indicator:  
A= Autonomous mode  
D= Differential mode  
E= Estimated (dead reckoning) mode  
M= Manual input mode  
S= Simulator mode  
N= Data not valid  
NOTE 2: The Mode Indicator field supplements the Status field (field 6). The Status field shall be set to V  
= invalid for all values of Operating Mode except or A = Autonomous and D = Differential. The positioning  
system Mode indicator and Status fields shall not be null fields.  
-8.5-  
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HDG - Heading, deviation and variation  
IMO Resolution A.382 (X). Heading (magnetic sensor reading), which if corrected for deviation, will  
produce magnetic heading, which if offset by variation will provide true heading.  
$--HDG, x.x, x.x, a, x.x, a*hh<CR><LF>  
Checksum  
Magnetic variation, degrees, E/W (see notes 2 and 3)  
Magnetic deviation, degrees, E/W (see notes 1 and 3)  
Magnetic sensor heading, degrees  
* Not used  
NOTES  
1
2
3
To obtain magnetic heading:Add easterly deviation (E) to magnetic sensor reading  
Subtract westerly deviation (W) from magnetic sensor reading  
To obtain true heading:  
Add easterly variation (E) to magnetic heading  
Subtract westerly variation (W) from magnetic heading  
Variation and deviation fields will be null fields if unknown.  
HDT - Heading True  
$--HDT, x.x, T*hh<CR><LF>  
Checksum  
Heading, degree true  
* Not used  
MTW - Water temperature  
$--MTW, x.x, C*hh<CR><LF>  
Checksum  
Temperature, degrees C  
* Not used  
-8.6-  
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RMA - Recommended minimum specific LORAN-C data  
Position, course and speed data provided by a LORAN-C receiver. Time differences A and B are  
those used in computing latitude/longitude. Checksum is mandatory in this sentence. This  
sentence is transmitted at intervals not exceeding 2 s and is always accompanied by RMB when a  
destination waypoint is active. RMA and RMB are the recommended minimum data to be provided  
by a LORAN-C receiver. All data fields must be provided, null fields used only when data is  
temporarily unavailable.  
$--RMA, A, llll.ll, a yyyyy.yy, a, x.x, x.x, x.x, x.x, x.x,a,a*hh<CR><LF>  
Checksum, mandatory for RMA  
Mode indicator (see note 1 and note 2)  
Magnetic variation*  
Course over ground*  
Speed over ground*  
Time difference B*  
Time difference A, µs  
Longitude, degrees E/W  
Latitude, degrees N/S  
Status (see note 3): A= data valid, V= blink, cycle or SNR warning  
*: Not used  
NOTE 1: Positioning system Mode indicator:  
A= Autonomous mode  
D= Differential mode  
E= Estimated (dead reckoning) mode  
M= Manual input mode  
S= Simulator mode  
N= Data not valid  
NOTE 2: The positioning system Mode indicator field supplements the Status field (field No.1), which  
shall be set to V = invalid for all values of Mode indicator except for A = Autonomous and D = Differential.  
The positioning system Mode indicator and Status fields shall not be null field.  
See paragraph 1.39 on page 1.37 for more information.  
-8.7-  
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RMB - Recommended minimum navigation information  
Navigation data from present position to a destination waypoint provided by a LORAN-C, TRANSIT,  
OMEGA, GPS, DECCA, navigation computer or other integrated navigation system. Checksum is  
mandatory in this sentence. This sentence always accompanies RMA or RMC sentences when a  
destination is active when provided by a LORAN-C, TRANSIT or GPS receiver, other systems may  
transmit $--RMB without $--RMA or $--RMC.  
$--RMB, A, x.x, a, c--c, c--c, llll.ll, a yyyyy.yy, a,x.x, x.x, x.x,A,a*hh<CR><LF>  
Checksum, mandatory for RMB  
Mode indicator (see note 2 and note 3)  
Arrival status*  
Destination closing velocity, knots*  
Bearing to desination,degrees true  
Range to destination, mautical miles (see note 1)  
Destinaton waypoint longitude, E/W*  
Destination waypoint latitude, N/S*  
Distination waypoint ID*  
Origin waypoint ID*  
Direction to steer L/R*  
Cross track error*  
Status (see note 3): A= data valid, V= navigation receiver warning  
*: Not used  
NOTE 1: If range to destination exceeds 999,9 nautical miles, display 999,9.  
NOTE 2: Positioning system Mode indicator:  
A= Autonomous mode  
D= Differential mode  
E= Estimated (dead reckoning) mode  
M= Manual input mode  
S= Simulator mode  
N= Data not valid  
NOTE 3: The positioning system Mode indicator field supplements the Status field (field No.1), which  
shall be set to V = invalid for all values of Mode indicator except for A = Autonomous and D = Differential.  
The positioning system Mode indicator and Status fields shall not be null field.  
-8.8-  
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RMC - Recommended specific GPS/TRANSIT data  
Time, date, position, course and speed data provided by a GPS or TRANSIT navigation receiver.  
Checksum is mandatory in this sentence. This sentence is transmitted at intervals not exceeding 2  
s and is always accompanied by RMB when a destination waypoint is active. RMC and RMB are  
the recommended minimum data to be provided by a GPS or TRANSIT receiver. All data fields  
must be provided, null fields used only when data is temporarily unavailable.  
$--RMC, hhmmss.ss, A, llll.ll, a yyyyy.yy, a, x.x, x.x, xxxxxx, x.x,a, a*hh<CR><LF>  
Checksu, mandatory for RMC  
Mode indicator (see notes 2 and 3)  
Magnetic variation, degrees, E/W (see note 1)  
Data: dd/mm/yy*  
Course over ground, degrees true  
Speed over ground, knots  
Longitude, E/W  
Latitude, N/S  
Status (see note 3) A= data valid V= navigation receiver warning  
UTC of position fix*  
*: Not used  
NOTE 1: Easterly variation (E) subtracts from true course. Westerly variation (W) adds to true course.  
NOTE 2: Positioning system Mode indicator:  
A= Autonomous mode  
D= Differential mode  
E= Estimated (dead reckoning) mode  
M= Manual input mode  
S= Simulator mode  
N= Data not valid  
NOTE 3: The positioning system Mode indicator field supplements the Status field (field No.2), which shall be  
set to V = invalid for all values of Mode indicator except for A = Autonomous and D = Differential. The  
positioning system Mode indicator and Status fields shall not be null fields.  
RSD - Radar system data  
IMO Resolution A.477 (XII). Radar display setting data.  
$--RSD, x.x, x.x, x.x, x.x, x.x, x.x, x.x, x.x, x.x, x.x, x.x, a, a*hh<CR><LF>  
Checksum  
Display rotation (see note 1)  
Range units, K/N/S  
Range scale in use  
Cursor bearing, degrees clockwise from 0°  
Cursor range, from own ship  
EBL 2, degrees  
VRM 2, range  
Origin 2 bearing (see note 2) *  
Origin 2 range (see note 2) *  
Bearing line 1 (EBL 1), degrees from 0°  
Variable range marker 1 (VRM 1), range  
Origin 1 bearing, degrees from 0° (see note 2) *  
Origin 1 range, from own ship (see note 2) *  
* Not used  
NOTES  
1
Display rotation: C = course-up, course-over-ground up, degrees true  
H = head-up, ship’s heading (center-line) 0° up  
N = north-up, true north is 0° up  
2
Origin 1 and 2 are located at the stated range and bearing from own ship and provide for two independent  
sets of variable range markers (VRM) and electronic bearing lines (EBL) originating away from own ship  
position.  
-8.9-  
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TLL - Target latitude and longitude  
Target number, name, position and time tag for use in systems tracking targets.  
$--TLL, xx, 1111.11, a, yyyyy.yy, a, c--c, hhmmss.ss, a, a*hh<CR><LF>  
Checksum  
Reference target = R, null otherwise *  
Target status (see note) *  
UTC of data *  
Target name *  
Longitude, E/W  
Latitude, N/S  
Target number 00 – 99 *  
* Not used  
NOTE - Target status:  
L = lost, tracked target has been lost  
Q = query, target in the process of acquisition  
T = tracking  
TTM - Tracked target message  
$RATTM,xx,x.x,x.x,a,x.x,x.x,a,x.x,x.x,a,c---c,a,a,hhmmss.ss,a*hh<CR><LF>  
Checksum  
Type of acquisition (A = automatic,  
M = manual)  
Time of data *  
Reference target = R, null otherwise  
Target status  
User data (e.g., target name) *  
Speed/distance unit (K/N/S)  
Time to CPA, minutes  
Distance of closest point of approach  
Target course (degrees true), true/relative (T/R)  
Target speed  
Bearing from own ship (degrees), true/relative (T/R)  
Target distance from own ship  
Target number (00 to 99)  
Not used *  
-8.10-  
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VBW - Dual ground/water speed: This sentence to be expanded as shown below:  
$--VBW, x.x, x.x, A, x.x, x.x, A, x.x, A, x.x, A *hh<CR><LF>  
Checksum  
Status2 , stern ground speed  
A = data valid  
V = invalid  
Stern transverse ground speed 1, 2, knots  
Status2, stern water speed, A = data valid  
Stern transverse water speed1, 2, knots  
Status, ground speed, A = data valid  
Transverse ground speed1 , knots  
Longitudinal ground speed1 , knots  
Status, water speed, A = data valid  
Transverse water speed1 , knots  
Longitudinal water speed1, knots  
NOTES  
1. Transverse speed: “-“ = port, Longitudinal speed: “-“astern.  
2. For vessels equipped with dual water and/or ground speed systems ; data for the equipment mounted towards the  
stern are reported in these fields.  
VHW - Water speed (R-type only) and heading  
The compass heading to which the vessel points and the speed of the vessel relative to the water.  
$--VHW, x.x, T, x.x, M, x.x, N, x.x, K *hh<CR><LF>  
Checksum  
Water speed, K = km/h *  
Water speed, knots * (R-type only)  
Longitudinal heading (M = magnetic bearing) *  
Longitudinal heading (T = true bearing) *  
Not used *  
VTG - Course over ground and ground speed (R-TYPE ONLY)  
The actual course and speed relative to the ground.  
$--VTG, x.x, T, x.x, M, x.x, N, x.x, K*hh<CR><LF>  
Checksum  
Speed, K = km/h *  
Speed, knots *  
Course degrees magnetic *  
Course degrees true  
Not used *  
-8.11-  
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ZDA - Time and date  
UTC, day, month, year and local time zone.  
$--ZDA. hhmmss.ss, xx, xx, xxxx, xx, xx*hh<CR><LF>  
Checksum  
Local zone description, minutes *  
Local zone description, hours *  
Year  
Month, 01 to 12  
Day, 0 to 31  
UTC  
Not used *  
LOCAL = UTC + Time difference  
-8.12-  
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9 PARTS LOCATION and PARTS LIST  
9.1 ANTENNA UNIT, SCANNER OUTLINE and RF MODULE  
Figure A-1 Display unit, right side view  
Figure A-2 Display unit, left side view  
-9.1-  
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RGB-BUFF Board (Option)  
03P9229  
CRT  
SPU Board  
03P9230  
Figure A-3 Display unit, top view  
ATA Board ARP-17  
(Option)  
18P904A  
Figure A-4 Display unit, rear view  
S901  
MP-3795  
Board  
TB Board  
03P9242  
RF Module  
Motor  
(Bow View)  
Figure A-5 Scanner unit  
-9.2-  
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IF Board  
03P9232  
MIC Assy.  
RU-9099 (For RTR-067)  
RU-9253 (For RTR-063)  
RU-9371 (For RTR-062)  
Diode Limiter  
RU-9099  
RFC Board  
03P9243  
*
W
6
- 0  
R
* * K  
T
R
Figure A-6 RF module  
-9.3-  
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MD Board  
03P9244  
Fan Motor Assy.  
03-1900  
C
B
J811  
J812  
A
Pulse Transformaer  
RT-9025 (For RTR-062, RTR-067)  
RT-9023 (For RTR-063)  
4
6
Magnetron  
E3560, MG52389 (For RTR-067)  
MG5241 (For RTR-062)  
MG5436 (For RTR-063)  
Figure A-7 RF module, rear view  
-9.4-  
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9.2 Circuit diagrams  
FR-1500 Mark-3 SERIES SERIAL INTERFACE I/O CIRCUIT  
03P9230  
U42 SN751178NS  
TALKER (60 mA max)  
4
LISTENER (2 mA at 2 V)  
J202 B5B-XH-A  
FL10  
13  
14  
TD1-A  
15  
1
2
CHANNEL 1 OUTPUT  
RSD, TLL  
TD1-B  
FL11  
U89 PC400  
R385 47  
FL9  
1
CHANNEL 1  
RD1-A  
3
4
4
CR40  
1SS181  
INPUT  
U3  
RD1-B  
BWC, BWR,  
FL8  
3
CPU  
DBS, etc.  
5
GND  
J203 B5B-XH-A  
1
2
U91 PC400  
R401 47  
1
3
FL13  
3
CHANNEL 2  
INPUT  
DBK, DBS, DPT,  
MDA, MTW, VBW  
RD2-A  
4
CR43  
1SS181  
4
RD2-B  
U23  
FL12  
5
GND  
18P9004  
ARP-17  
U12 SN751178NS  
12  
TALKER (60 mA max)  
J2 B5B-XH-A  
13  
14  
TX1-C  
CPU  
15  
1
CHANNEL 2  
OUTPUT  
TTM  
ARPA TXD B  
ARPA TXD A  
TX1-H  
2
3
4
5
GND  
J208  
U94 PC400  
R417 47  
FL14  
FL15  
1
CHANNEL 3  
INPUT  
HDB, HDM,  
HDT, VHW  
3
RD1-A  
RD1-B  
4
CR47  
1SS181  
4
U3  
CPU  
3
5
GND  
-9.5-  
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FR-1500 MARK-3 series interfacing diagram  
CHANNEL 2 OUTPUT  
TTM  
-9.6-  
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-9.7-  
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9.3 Parts list  
.1  
FR-1505/1515/1525 MARK-3 DISPLAY UNIT RDP-119  
FR-2115/2125  
Unit  
DISPLAY UNIT RDP-119  
ELECTRICAL PARTS LIST  
98/5  
Ref. Dwg. C3464-K02-A  
Blk. No.  
SYMBOL TYPE  
CODE No.  
REMARKS  
SHIPPABLE  
ASSEMBLY  
PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD  
1B4  
HV9017A, HV  
008-481-630  
008-481-640  
008-490-980  
004-412-220  
008-492-900  
008-458-550  
008-478-300  
1505, 1510 M3  
1525 M3  
X
X
X
X
X
HV9017B, HV  
1B5  
4B1  
4B2  
4B3  
03P9230A, SPU  
64P1106A, GC  
03P9259C, RP-17  
18P9004, ARP-17  
18P9007, ARP-10  
CRT ASSEMBLY  
0A1510  
OPTIONAL  
OPTIONAL  
OPTIONAL  
OPTIONAL  
1B8  
-
000-141-033  
PANEL ASSEMBLY  
RDP-119, PNL/SW  
008-490-080  
008-487-390  
PAF BOARD  
English  
X
X
POWER BLOCK ASSY  
RDP-119-6/10/25 KW  
RDP-119-6/10/25 KW  
RDP-119-6/10 KW  
RDP-119-10/25 KW  
FUSE  
008-490-290  
008-490-300  
008-490-270  
008-490-280  
115 VAC  
230 VAC  
12 V  
X
X
X
X
24/32 V  
F1351  
FL1  
20A  
24/32 V MAINS  
12 V  
25 A  
FGB0 5A  
220 V  
FILTER  
LF-205A  
000-588-411  
For 115/230 VAC  
FAN ASSY  
03-1950, FAN-P2P  
SWITCH  
S1  
S2  
SDDLD  
000-129-228  
000-474-214  
POWER  
AC UNIT  
S-331  
.
-9.8-  
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2
FR-1505/1515/1525 MARK-3 ANTENNA UNIT RSB-0074/0067/0063  
Model  
FR-2115/2125  
Unit  
SCANNER  
UNIT  
RSB-0074/0075  
ELECTRICAL PARTS LIST  
Ref. Dwg. C3466-K02-B  
Blk. NO.  
98/5  
SYMBOL TYPE  
CODE No.  
REMARKS  
SHIPPABLE  
ASSEMBLY  
PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD  
2B2  
2B3  
03P9243A, RFC  
03P9243B, RFC  
03P9244A, MD  
03P9244B, MD  
03P9232, IF  
03P9242, TB  
MP-3795  
008-487-260  
008-487-280  
008-487-300  
008-487-320  
008-487-240  
008-487-230  
008-312-370  
6,12 KW  
25 KW  
6,12 KW  
25 KW  
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
2B4  
2B6  
2B7  
SCANNER CHASSIS  
-
-
RSB-0074  
008-488-010  
008-488-030  
24 rpm, w/o RF  
module  
42 rpm, w/o RF  
module  
X
X
RSB-0075  
RF MODULE  
RTR-062  
RTR-063  
-
-
-
008-487-160  
008-487-170  
008-490-580  
10, 12 KW  
25 KW  
6 KW  
X
X
X
RTR-067  
MIC ASSEMBLY  
RU-9253  
RU-9371  
U801  
008-487-350  
008-487-340  
25 KW  
6, 12 KW  
X
X
MOTOR  
B801  
D8G-516  
000-631-715  
000-136-566  
000-140-764  
24 rpm,  
w/capacitor  
42 rpm,  
w/capacitor  
25 kW, w/cable  
D8G-571  
B802  
S901  
109P0824H602  
X
SWITCH  
RS-1 NO  
000-478-301  
DIODE  
CR870  
CR871  
HVR-1X-40B  
MD-12N1  
HVR-1X-40B  
000-121-156  
000-133-735  
000-121-156  
10, 12 KW  
25 KW  
6 KW  
DIODE LIMITER  
CR880  
RU-9099  
000-126-369  
-9.9-  
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SYMBOL TYPE  
CIRCULATOR  
CODE No.  
REMARKS  
SHIPPABLE  
ASSEMBLY  
HY801  
R899  
T801  
RC-3686  
000-106-850  
000-123-395  
RESISTOR  
ERF-10HMJ102  
TRANSFORMER  
RT-9025  
RT-9023  
000-123-823  
000-123-394  
6, 10, 12 KW  
F25 KW  
MAGNETRON  
M5436  
E3566  
V801  
000-140-762  
000-141-073  
25 KW  
10 KW  
MG5241  
000-100-036  
12 KW  
E3560  
000-139-050  
6 KW  
-9.10-  
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