Hart Scientific
1504
Thermometer Readout
User’s Guide
Rev. 571202 ENG
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Table of Contents
i
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10.1.1.1 Immunity Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
10.1.1.2 Emission Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
ii
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Figures
iii
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Tables
iv
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1 Before You Start
Symbols Used
1
Before You Start
1.1
Symbols Used
Table 1 lists the symbols that may be used on the instrument or in this manual
Table1 International Electrical Symbols
and the meaning of each symbol.
Symbol
Description
AC (Alternating Current)
AC-DC
Battery
Complies with European Union Directives
DC (Direct Current)
Double Insulated
Electric Shock
Fuse
PE Ground
Hot Surface (Burn Hazard)
Read the User’s Manual (Important Information)
Off
1
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1504 Thermometer Readout
User’s Guide
Symbol
Description
On
Canadian Standards Association
OVERVOLTAGE (Installation) CATEGORY II, Pollution Degree 2 per IEC1010-1 re-
fers to the level of Impulse Withstand Voltage protection provided. Equipment of
OVERVOLTAGE CATEGORY II is energy-consuming equipment to be supplied from
the fixed installation. Examples include household, office, and laboratory appliances.
C-TIC Australian EMC mark
The European Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive
(2002/96/EC) mark.
1.2
Safety Information
Use this instrument only as specified in this manual. Otherwise, the protection
provided by the instrument may be impaired. Refer to the safety information in
The following definitions apply to the terms “Warning” and “Caution”.
• “Warning” identifies conditions and actions that may pose hazards to the
user.
• “Caution” identifies conditions and actions that may damage the instru-
ment being used.
1.2.1
Warnings
To avoid possible electric shock or personal injury, follow these guidelines.
DO NOT operate this unit without a properly grounded, properly polarized
power cord.
DO NOT connect this unit to a non-grounded, non-polarized outlet.
DO NOT use this unit for any application other than calibration work.
DO NOT use this unit in environments other than those listed in the user's
guide.
DO NOT use this instrument in combination with any probe to measure the
temperature or resistance of any device where the probe might come in contact
with a conductor that is electrically energized. Severe electric shock, personal
injury, or death may occur.
If this equipment is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer, the
protection provided by the equipment may be impaired.
2
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1 Before You Start
Safety Information
Before initial use, or after transport, or after storage in humid or semi-humid
environments, or anytime the instrument has not been energized for more than
10 days, the instrument needs to be energized for a “dry-out” period of 2 hours
before it can be assumed to meet all of the safety requirements of the IEC
1010-1. If the product is wet or has been in a wet environment, take necessary
measures to remove moisture prior to applying power such as storage in a low
humidity temperature chamber operating at 50°C for 4 hours or more.
The AC adapter can present safety concerns if misused or damaged. To avoid
the risk of electric shock or fire, do not use the AC adapter outdoors or in a
dusty, dirty, or wet environment. If the cord, case, or plug of the adapter is
damaged in any way, discontinue its use immediately and have it replaced.
Never disassemble the AC adapter. Use only the AC adapter provided with the
instrument or equivalent adapter recommended by the manufacturer of this
instrument.
Follow all safety guidelines listed in this user's guide.
Calibration Equipment should only be used by Trained Personnel.
To avoid possible burn hazards, follow these guidelines.
This instrument can measure extreme temperatures. Precautions must be taken
to prevent personal injury or damage to objects. Probes may be extremely hot
or cold. Cautiously handle probes to prevent personal injury. Carefully place
probes on a heat/cold resistant surface or rack until they reach room
temperature.
DC Battery Pack Option: To avoid possible safety hazards, follow these guide-
lines:
To avoid the risk of electric shock or fire, DO NOT use the charger outdoors or
in a dusty, dirty, or wet environment.
If the cord, case, or plug of the charger is damaged in any way, discontinue its
use immediately and have it replaced.
Never disassemble the charger.
The battery may contain chemicals that are hazardous. To avoid the risk of ex-
posure to dangerous substances or explosion, immediately discontinue use of
the battery if it leaks or becomes damaged.
Never allow the battery to be shorted, heated, punctured, dropped, or squashed.
Store the battery where it will not come in contact with metal or fluids that
might short circuit the battery and where it will be safe from excessive
temperatures.
When no longer usable, the battery must be recycled. The battery may be re-
turned to the seller for recycling. DO NOT dispose of the battery in a landfill.
Never dispose of the battery in a fire as there is a danger of explosion which
may cause injury or property damage..
3
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1504 Thermometer Readout
User’s Guide
1.2.2
Cautions
To avoid possible damage to the instrument, follow these guidelines.
DO NOT change the values of the calibration constants from the factory set
values unless you are recalibrating the instrument. The correct setting of these
parameters is important to the safety and proper operation of the instrument.
Allow sufficient air circulation by leaving at least 3 inches of space between the
thermometer and nearby objects.
For CE compliance and for performance, use only the AC adapter shipped with
the instrument by Hart Scientific. If the AC adapter needs to be replaced, con-
tact your an Authorized Service Center.
This instrument and thermometer probes are sensitive and can be easily dam-
aged. Always handle these devices with care. DO NOT allow them to be
dropped, struck, stressed, or overheated.
Probes are fragile instruments which can be damaged by mechanical shock,
over-heating, and absorption of moisture or fluids in the wires or hub. Damage
may not be visibly apparent but nevertheless can cause drift, instability, and
loss of accuracy. Observe the following precautions:
DO NOT allow probes to be dropped, struck, bent, or stressed.
DO NOT overheat probes beyond their recommended temperature range.
DO NOT allow any part of the probe other than the sheath to be immersed in
fluid.
DO NOT allow the probe hub or wires to be exposed to excessive
temperatures.
Keep the probe wires clean and away from fluids.
DC Battery Pack Option:
If the battery charge is not sufficient (less 10.25V), the instrument will continue
to function while taking incorrect measurements. DO NOT utilize the instru-
ment for measuring when the Low Voltage Indicator is lit.
1.3
Authorized Service Centers
Please contact one of the following authorized Service Centers to coordinate
service on your Hart product:
Fluke Corporation, Hart Scientific Division
799 E. Utah Valley Drive
American Fork, UT 84003-9775
USA
4
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1 Before You Start
Authorized Service Centers
Phone: +1.801.763.1600
Telefax: +1.801.763.1010
E-mail: [email protected]
Fluke Nederland B.V.
Customer Support Services
Science Park Eindhoven 5108
5692 EC Son
NETHERLANDS
Phone: +31-402-675300
Telefax: +31-402-675321
E-mail: [email protected]
Fluke Int'l Corporation
Service Center - Instrimpex
Room 2301 Sciteck Tower
22 Jianguomenwai Dajie
Chao Yang District
Beijing 100004, PRC
CHINA
Phone: +86-10-6-512-3436
Telefax: +86-10-6-512-3437
E-mail: [email protected]
Fluke South East Asia Pte Ltd.
Fluke ASEAN Regional Office
Service Center
60 Alexandra Terrace #03-16
The Comtech (Lobby D)
118502
SINGAPORE
Phone: +65 6799-5588
Telefax: +65 6799-5588
E-mail: [email protected]
5
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1504 Thermometer Readout
User’s Guide
When contacting these Service Centers for support, please have the following
information available:
• Model Number
• Serial Number
• Voltage
• Complete description of the problem
6
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2 Introduction
2
Introduction
The 1504 Thermometer Readout is a low-cost high-accuracy digital thermome-
ter readout designed to be used with thermistors or RTDs with a nominal resis-
tance of 1,000Ω or greater. Its unique combination of features makes it suitable
for a wide variety of applications from laboratory measurement to industrial
processes. Features of the 1504 include:
• Measures with most any thermistor
• Four-wire connection eliminates lead resistance effects
• Accuracy: 0.003°C, typical
• Resolution: 0.0001°C
• Fast one-second measurement cycle
• Adjustable digital filter
• Accepts Steinhart-Hart characterization coefficients
• Also accepts Callendar-Van Dusen coefficients
• Auto-ranging from 0Ω to 1 MΩ
• Excitation current adjusts automatically to minimize self-heating
• Displays temperature in Celsius, Fahrenheit, or Kelvin or displays resis-
tance in ohms
• Password protection of critical parameters
• Large, bright eight-digit LED display
• Serial RS-232 interface standard; IEEE-488 GPIB interface optional
• Detachable power cord
• Optional 12 V DC power
• Light weight, small and portable
• Sturdy, reliable construction
7
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3 Specifications and Environmental Conditions
Specifications
3
Specifications and Environmental
Conditions
3.1
Specifications
Resistance range
0 to 1 M
0 to 5 k
Ω, auto-ranging
Resistance accuracy, one
year 1
Ω
: 0.5
Ω
5 k to 200 k
Ω
200 k
Ω
: 0.01% (100 ppm) of reading
: 0.03% (300 ppm) of reading
Ω
to 1 M
Ω
Resistance accuracy, short
term 1
0 to 5 k
5 k to 200 k
200 k to 1 M
Ω
: 0.25
Ω
Ω
Ω
Ω
: 0.005% (50 ppm) of reading
: 0.02% (200 ppm) of reading
Ω
0°C: 0.002°C
Temperature accuracy,
typical1, 3, 4
25°C: 0.002°C
50°C: 0.004°C
75°C: 0.010°C
100°C: 0.020°C
(Using 10K
tainty or characterization errors.)
Ω
thermistor sensor,
α
= 0.04. Does not inclue probe uncer-
2.5 ppm/°C
Temperature coefficient of
resistance 1
Resistance resolution
0 to 10 k
10 k to 100 k
100 k to 1 M
Ω: 0.01Ω
Ω
Ω
Ω
: 0.1
: 1
0.0001°C (0.0001°F)
Ω
Ω
Ω
Temperature resolution
Probe
Thermistor; also, 1k
1
Ω
RTD
Number of input channels
Probe connection
Four-wire with shield, 5-pin DIN connector
Maximum acceptable lead
resistance
100Ω
Steinhart-Hart exponential polynomial
Probe characterizations
Callendar-Van Dusen; R0,
α
,
δ
, and
β
C (degrees Celsius)
F (degrees Fahrenheit)
K (Kelvin)
Display units
Ω
(resistance in ohms)
8-digit, 7-segment, yellow-green LED; 0.5 inch high characters
0.01%
Display
Clock accuracy, typical
Probe excitation current
0 to 51 k
Ω: 10μA
51 k to 1 MΩ: 2μA
Ω
2 Hz, alternating
1 second
Measurement period
Digital filter
Exponential, 0 to 60 secinds time constant (user selectable)
9
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1504 Thermometer Readout
User’s Guide
RS-232 serial standard,
Communications
IEEE-488 (GPIB) optional, Conforms to IEEE-488.1, Capability: AH1,
SH1, T6, L4, DC1
Full accuracy: 13°C to 33°C
Absolute: 0°C to 55°C
Operating Temperature
Range
115 VAC ( 10%), 50/60 Hz, 10 W, nominal 1 A maximum
230 VAC ( 10%), 50/60 Hz, 10 W (optional)
Detachable power cord
AC Power
10–14 VDC ( 10%), 1 A maximum
DC Power (optional)
(220 mA typical, normal mode; 120 mA typical, power saver mode)
5.6 in. (14.3 cm) wide x 7.1 in. (18.1 cm) deep x 2.4 in. (6.1 cm) high
2.2 lbs. (1.0 kg.)
Size
Weight
Safety
OVERVOLTAGE (Installation) CATEGORY II, Pollution Degree 2 per IEC
1010-1
1Accuracy specifications apply within the recommended operating temperature range. Accuracy limits are
increased by a factor of the temperature coefficient outside this range.
2Short-term accuracy includes nonlinearity and noise uncertainties. It does not include drift or calibration
uncertainties.
3The temperature range may be limited by the sensor.
4Temperature accuracy is for the 1504 only. It does not include probe uncertainty or probe characteriza-
tion errors. Accuracies are typical with 10 k
Ω
NTC thermistors.
3.2
Environmental Conditions
Although the instrument has been designed for optimum durability and trou-
ble-free operation, it must be handled with care. The instrument should not be
operated in an excessively dusty or dirty environment. Maintenance and clean-
ing recommendations can be found in the Maintenance Section of this manual.
The instrument operates safely under the following conditions:
• Operating temperature range: Absolute 0–55°C (32–131°F); [full accu-
racy 16–30°C (61–86°F)]
• Ambient relative humidity: maximum 80% for temperature < 31°C, de-
creasing linearly to 50% at 40°C
• Pressure: 75kPa–106kPa
• Mains voltage within 10% of nominal
• Vibrations should be minimized
• Altitude less than 2,000 meters
• Indoor use only
10
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4 Quick Start
Unpacking
4
Quick Start
This section briefly explains the basics of setting up and operating your 1504
thermometer readout.
4.1
Unpacking
Unpack the thermometer carefully and inspect it for any damage that may have
occurred during shipment. If there is shipping damage, notify the carrier
immediately.
Verify that the following components are present:
• 1504 Thermometer
• Extra Probe Connector
• Power Cord
• Manual
• Probe (optional—must be purchased separately)
• Battery Pack (optional—must be purchased separately)
4.2
Power
Your 1504 is configured for either 115 VAC ( 10%) operation or 230 VAC
( 10%) operation. Be careful to only connect the 1504 to a mains supply of the
correct voltage. Otherwise, the instrument may be damaged. The required volt-
age is indicated on the back of the 1504. Power requirements are listed in Sec-
1504. The cord must be plugged in to a grounded outlet. The power switch is
located at the back of the 1504. The instrument can also be powered with a DC
When the 1504 is powered on, wait briefly while it initializes. It will then begin
measuring and displaying temperature.
Because of the quality of the components used in the 1504, it exhibits nearly
negligible drift as it warms up. The warm-up drift is typically less than 5 ppm.
Nevertheless, to ensure the best accuracy and stability, you may want to allow
the 1504 to warm up for ten minutes before use.
Accurate measurement requires that the probe be connected properly to the in-
put and the correct probe characterization set.
4.3
Connecting the Probe
The thermistor or RTD probe connects to the back of the 1504 using a five-pin
connector. One pair of wires attaches to pins 1 and 2 and the other pair attaches
11
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1504 Thermometer Readout
User’s Guide
to pins 4 and 5. (Pins 1 and 5 source current and pins 2 and 4 sense the poten-
tial.) If a shield wire is present it should be connected to pin 3.
Probe Connector
5
4
1
2
3
Shield
RTD Sensor
Figure 1 Connecting a four-wire probe
A two-wire probe can also be used with the 1504. It is connected by attaching
one wire to both pins 1 and 2 of the plug and the other wire to both pins 4 and
5. If a shield wire is present it should be connected to pin 3. Accuracy may be
significantly degraded using a two-wire connection because of lead resistance.
4.4
DC Power Option
With the DC power option (Model 2502) installed the 1504 can be powered
from a 12 V battery or other 12 V DC power source. The DC power socket is
located on the rear panel of the 1504 above the AC power jack. The 1504 ac-
cepts a 7/32 inch diameter, two-conductor DC power plug such as Switchcraft®
12
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4 Quick Start
DC Power Option
ductor is positive and the inside is negative. When operating in DC mode, the
AC power switch on the rear panel is not functional.
+
–
Figure 2 12 V DC power source polarity
The optional 9313 Battery Pack, available from Hart Scientific, can be used as
a portable power source for the 1504. It includes a 1.2 amp-hr 12V sealed
lead-acid battery, a DC power cord that plugs into the 1504’s DC input, a carry-
ing bag, and a battery charger. The battery pack can provide three to eight
hours of operation with each charge depending on whether the power saver fea-
To recharge the battery, disconnect the battery’s plug from the 1504 and plug it
into the mating connector from the battery charger. Attach the charger’s AC
plug into an AC supply of the proper voltage (normally 100 to 125V AC, 50/60
Hz; optionally 200 to 230V AC, 50/60 Hz.). The charger takes about six hours
to fully charge the battery. The charger will stop charging automatically when
the battery is full.
NOTE: Certain precautions must be observed with the battery and
charger. These devices can present safety concerns if misused or damaged.
To avoid the risk of electric shock or fire do not use the charger outdoors
or in a dusty, dirty, or wet environment. If the cord, case, or plug of the
charger is damaged in any way discontinue its use immediately and have
it replaced. Never disassemble the charger. The battery may contain chem-
icals that are hazardous. To avoid the risk of exposure to dangerous sub-
stances or explosion, immediately discontinue use of the battery if it leaks
or becomes damaged. Never allow the battery to be shorted, heated, punc-
tured, dropped, or squashed. Store the battery where it will not come into
contact with metal or fluids that might short circuit the battery and where
it will be safe from excessive temperatures. When no longer usable the bat-
tery must be recycled. The battery may be returned to the seller for recy-
cling. Do not dispose the battery in a landfill. Never dispose of the battery
in a fire as there is a danger of explosion which may cause injury or prop-
erty damage.
13
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1504 Thermometer Readout
User’s Guide
NOTE: The DC power option includes a low voltage indicator. The low
voltage indicator needs to be plugged into the instrument with the battery
option plugged in to the low voltage indicator. The low voltage indicator
light illuminates when the voltage drops below a safe operating range. The
instrument should not be used for measuring when the low voltage light is
illuminated. Recharge the battery to an acceptable level before taking
measurements.
14
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5 Parts and Controls
Front Panel Buttons
5
Parts and Controls
5.1
Front Panel Buttons
The front panel buttons are used to select units of measurement, access operat-
ing parameters, and alter operating parameters. The function of each button is
as follows:
C/Probe—This button selects units of degrees Celsius. In conjunction with the
Menu button, it selects the probe parameter menu.
F/Sample—This button selects units of degrees Fahrenheit. In conjunction
with the Menu button, it selects the sample parameter menu.
K/Comm—This button selects units of Kelvin. In conjunction with the Menu
button, it selects the communication parameter menu.
Ω/Exit (Cal)—This button selects resistance in ohms. While editing a parame-
ter, it cancels the immediate operation and skips to the next parameter. If the
Exit button is pressed for more than one-half second the menu is exited. In
conjunction with the Menu button, it selects the calibration parameter menu.
Menu/Enter—This button allows one of the unit/menu buttons to select a
menu. When editing a parameter, it accepts the new value and skips to the next
operation.
L and R —When editing a numeric parameter, these buttons move between
digits. The selected digit flashes.
U and D— When editing a parameter, these buttons increase or decrease the
value of the parameter or a selected digit.
84.9814 C
C
F
K
W
MENU
THERMOMETER
READOUT
1504
PROBE
SAMPLE
COMM
EXIT
ENTER
Figure 3 1504 Front Panel
15
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1504 Thermometer Readout
User’s Guide
5.2
Rear Panel
Serial Port - The DB-9 connector is for interfacing the thermometer to a com-
puter or terminal with serial RS-232 communications.
Probe Connector - At the rear of the thermometer is the probe connector. The
probe must be connected for operation.
Power Switch - The power switch is located on the rear of the thermometer.
The AC power switch turns the unit on and off. It does not control the DC
power.
AC Power - At the rear of the instrument is the removable power cord that
plugs into a standard 115 VAC grounded socket. (230 VAC optional)
DC Power - The DC power, located on the rear of the thermometer, powers the
unit immediately when connected.
IEEE-488 Port (optional) - The GPIB connector is for interfacing the ther-
mometer to a computer or terminal with IEEE-488 communications.
IEEE-488
FLUKE HART SCIENTIFIC
+
–
12 V 1.0 A
POWER
l
RS-232
115 VAC
50/60 Hz 10 W
PROBE
NO USER SERVICABLE PARTS
201811
Figure 4 1504 Back Panel
16
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6 General Operation
Selecting Units
6
General Operation
This section explains basic operation of the 1504 Thermometer.
6.1
Selecting Units
Temperature can be displayed in degrees Celsius (indicated with “C”), degrees
Fahrenheit (indicated with “F”), or Kelvin (indicated with “A” for absolute).
The resistance of the sensor can also be displayed (indicated with “o” for
ohms). Simply press the appropriate unit button, C, F, K, or Ω to select the
units.
6.2
Parameter Menus
Except for unit selection, all functions and operating parameters are accessed
and edited within the parameter menus. There are four menus: the Probe pa-
rameter menu, Sample parameter menu, Comm (communication) parameter
menu, and Cal (calibration) parameter menu. The arrangement of parameters in
Menus are selected by pressing the Menu/Enter button followed by the appro-
priate menu selection button. The name of the menu will briefly appear on the
display. For example, the Probe menu is selected by pressing the Menu/Enter
button (“SEt?” appears on the display) followed by the C/Probe button
(“ProbE” appears). Selecting the Cal menu requires that you press the
Menu/Enter button then press the Ω/Exit button and hold it down for at least
one second.
The Probe menu contains parameters for selecting the probe characterization
and setting the characterization coefficients. These parameters are explained in
ters such as the serial baud rate or IEEE-488 address. These are explained in
6.3
Menu Lockout
All menus can be locked out to prevent inadvertently changing parameters. By
default, only the Cal menu is locked out. The lockout option is accessed in the
If menus are locked out you must enter the correct password (“4051”) to gain
access. After you select the menu (see the previous section) the display will
show “PA= 0000” and allow you to change the number to the correct pass-
word. Use the L and R buttons to move between the password digits and
the U and D buttons to increase or decrease the value of a digit. Press Enter
17
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1504 Thermometer Readout
User’s Guide
Menu
Probe
Sample
Comm
(Cal)
Set probe type
Set filter
Set clock
Enter password
Pr= thr
FI= 4
11.23.30
PA= 0000
Set coefficients
Set time stamp
Set menu lockout
Set power saver
ts= OFF
LO=CaL
PS= OFF
Set baud rate
Set CAL0
2400 b
-000.06
Test conversion
Set sample period
Set CAL 100
1.000000
00.00.01
+001.28
Set duplex
Set CAL 400
duP=FULL
-0001.1
Press
after changing a parameter
Enter
Exit
Set linefeed
Factory reset
LF= ON
rESEt?
Press
Hold
briefly to skip a parameter
to exit the menu
Set GPIB address
Exit
Add= 22
Set GPIB EOS
E= LF
Figure 5 Parameter Menu Structure
18
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6 General Operation
Selecting the Probe Characterization
when all the digits are correct. If the password is entered correctly the first pa-
rameter in the menu will appear.
6.4
Selecting the Probe Characterization
Before the 1504 can measure temperature accurately it must know how to cal-
culate temperature from the resistance of the sensor. You must enter the proper
characterization coefficients. The coefficients are determined when the probe is
calibrated.
Two types of characterizations can be used with the 1504: Steinhart-Hart and
Callendar-Van Dusen.
6.4.1
Setting the Probe Characterization Type
The probe characterization type and characterization coefficients are set in the
Probe menu. Press the Menu/Enter button (“SEt?” appears), then the
C/Probe button. The menu name, “ProbE”, will appear briefly then the char-
acterization type. The probe characterization types are indicated on the display
as follows:
Pr= thr
Pr= rtd
Steinhart-Hart thermistor
Callendar-Van Dusen RTD
Select the desired probe characterization type using the U and D buttons
and pressing the Menu/Enter button. After the characterization type is se-
lected the characterization coefficients follow.
6.4.2
Setting the Characterization Coefficients
Probe characterization coefficients are set within the Probe menu after select-
ing the probe characterization type. Each coefficient appears with the name of a
coefficient shown briefly followed by its value. The mantissa with its sign ap-
pears first (positive sign appears as “+”).
b0
+4.336079
Use the L and R buttons to move between the digits (and the sign).
The selected digit will flash. Use the U and D buttons to change a
digit. Once the sign and digits are correct, press Enter to accept the num-
ber. If you decide to cancel any changes you have made, you may do so by
pressing the /Exit button. This will immediately skip to the next coefficient.
The exponent of the coefficient is set after the mantissa.
19
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1504 Thermometer Readout
User’s Guide
E
-04
Increase or decrease the exponent using the U and D buttons. Once the ex-
ponent is correct, press Enter to store it.
6.4.3
Steinhart-Hart Characterization
Thermistors are most often characterized using the Steinhart-Hart equation:
r(T[K])[Ω] = exp[Bo + B T −1 + B2 T −2 + B3 T −3
]
1
This is the default probe type. The parameters that appear for this option are
“b0”, “b1”, “b2”, and “b3”. These should be set with the values of the corre-
sponding coefficients that appear on the thermistor’s calibration certificate.
The coefficients on the certificate may be labeled differently. For instance,
some certificates give values for coefficients “a”, “b”, “c”, and “d”. Also, some
certificates may give more than one set of coefficients for different equations.
Choose the coefficients that are given for the equation that is similar to the one
shown above. The table below showing typical values can help you identify the
proper coefficients.
Table 2 Typical Values for Thermistor Coefficients
1504 Coefficients
Typical values
b0
b1
b2
b3
-5 to -3
3000 to 5000
9 x 105 (positive exponent)
9 x 107 (positive exponent)
Some calibration certificates for thermistors give only three coefficients. If this
is the case, set the b0, b1, and b3 parameters from the coefficients on the certif-
icate and set the b2 parameter to 0. Following are some examples showing how
to set the 1504 parameters from coefficients given on the thermistor calibration
certificate.
Example 1:
A thermistor’s calibration certificate gives coefficients a=-4.6853436E00,
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6 General Operation
Selecting the Probe Characterization
b=4.6354171E03, c=-1.2531030E05, and d=-6.2365913E06. Set the 1504 pa-
rameters with values from the certificate as follows.
Table 4 Setting Coefficients a, b, c, and d
1504 Coefficient
Certificate Value
b0
b1
b2
b3
a
b
c
d
Example 2:
A thermistor’s calibration certificate gives coefficients a=-4.2501569E00,
b=3.8997001E03, and c=-1.4225654E07. Set the 1504 parameters with values
from the certificate as follows.
Table 3 Setting Coefficients a, b, and c
1504 Coefficient
Certificate Value
b0
b1
b2
b3
a
b
0
c
6.4.4
Callendar-Van Dusen (RTD) Conversion
The RTD conversion uses the Callendar-Van Dusen equation:
⎧
⎧
⎫
⎬
⎭
⎡
t
t
⎤
⎛
⎞
R 1 + α t −δ
−1
t ≥ 0
⎪
⎪
⎨
⎜
⎟
⎨
0
⎢
⎥
⎦
⎝
⎠
100 100
⎣
⎡
⎩
⎧
r t °C
=
(
)
[ ]
3
⎫
⎬
⎭
⎤
⎥
⎦
t
t
t
t
⎛
⎞
⎛
⎜
⎝
⎞ ⎛
⎞
⎟
⎠
⎪
R 1 + α t −δ
−1 −β
−1
t < 0
⎜
⎟
⎟ ⎜
⎢
⎣
⎨
0
⎪
⎩
⎝
⎠
⎠ ⎝
100 100
100
100
⎪
⎩
The coefficients R0, α, β , and δ can be set by the user. They are indicated as
“r0”, “ALPHA”, “bEtA”, and “dELtA” on the display. For IEC-751 or
DIN-43760 sensors, the coefficients for “r0”, “ALPHA”, “bEtA”, and
“dELtA” should be 100.0, 0.00385, 1.507, and 0.111 respectively.
Some probes may be provided with A, B, and C coefficeints for the
Callendar-Van Dusen equation in the following form:
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1504 Thermometer Readout
User’s Guide
2
⎧
⎨
R 1 + At + B
t ≥ 0
t < 0
(
)
0
r t °C
=
(
)
[ ]
R 1 + At + Bt2 + C t −100 t3
(
)
⎪
⎩
[
]
0
The A, B, and C coefficients can be converted to α, δ, and β coefficients using
the following formulas:
100
108C
α = A +100B
δ = −
β = −
A
A +100B
+1
100B
6.4.5
Testing the coefficients
The 1504 provides a convenient method for testing the coefficients you have
entered to make sure they have been entered correctly. This is done by calculat-
ing temperature for given resistances and comparing the results with tempera-
tures listed on the probe’s calibration report. This conversion test function is
located at the end of the Probe menu. After setting the coefficients “tESt” ap-
pears briefly followed by the resistance value. You can change the resistance by
using the U and D buttons to move between digits and the L and R buttons
to change a digit. After setting the resistance press Enter. The 1504 will calcu-
late and display the temperature corresponding to the resistance you entered.
Compare this temperature with the temperatures listed on the probe calibration
report to verify that the coefficients you entered are correct.
6.5
Filtering
While measuring temperature, the readings may appear to vary. This may be
due to actual variations in temperature or electrical noise internal to the 1504.
The filter helps to smooth variations in the measurements and improve resolu-
tion. The drawback is that filtering tends to slow the response to changes in
temperature. You can increase the filter time constant to further improve accu-
racy and resolution or decrease the time constant to reduce the response time.
You can set it to any value between 0 and 60 seconds. A value of 0 disables the
filter. The default time constant is 4 seconds.
To change the filter value, enter the Sample menu. This is done by first press-
ing the Menu button (“SEt?” appears) then pressing the F/Sample button.
The display will briefly indicate “SA Par”, then “FILtEr”, then the current
filter value. Use the U and D buttons to increase or decrease the filter value
then press Enter. The next parameter in the menu, the current, will then appear.
6.6
Power Saver
The power saver feature is useful for conserving power when operating from a
battery. It causes the display to blank after a period of no user activity. The
power saver feature can reduce operating current by as much as 100 mA. While
the display is blanked a small illuminated dot appears on the left side of the dis-
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6 General Operation
Power Saver
play as an indication that the 1504 is still operating. Pressing any button on the
front panel restores the display. You can program the power saver to activate af-
ter a specified period of time from 5 minutes to 60 minutes in intervals of 5
minutes. You can also disable the power saver feature completely. The power
saver is off by default.
The power saver is programmed in the Sample menu. Press the Menu button
(“SEt?” appears) then press the Sample menu button. Press Exit twice to skip
to the power saver parameter. The display will briefly show “PO SA” followed
by the power saver setting. You can use the U and D buttons to change the
power saver period (in minutes) or set it to OFF. Press Enter to continue.
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7 Digital Communications Interface
Serial Interface
7
Digital Communications Interface
Remote communications allows an external device, such as a computer, to com-
municate with the 1504 to obtain measurement data and control its operation.
Communication is accomplished with various commands issued to the 1504
through the RS-232 port or optional IEEE-488 port. A full list of commands is
7.1
Serial Interface
The 1504 is equipped with an RS-232 serial port. The RS-232 interface is use-
ful for connecting the 1504 to most any microcomputer. The RS-232 socket is
located on the back panel of the 1504. Wiring of the interface cable should be
shielded with low resistance be-
tween the connector (DB-9) and
the shield. The protocol for
RS-232 communications is 8
data bits, 1 stop bit, and no par-
ity. The RS-232 interface uses
RTS and CTS for flow control.
7.1.1
Setting the Baud Rate
The 1504 must be set to the
same baud rate as the remote
device. The baud rate of the
1504 can be set to 1200, 2400,
4800, or 9600. The default is
2400. The baud rate is set in the
Comm menu. Press the Menu
button (“SEt?” appears) then
press the K/Comm button. The
display will briefly indicate
“SErIAL”, then “bAUd” and
then display the current baud
rate. Use the U and D buttons
to increase or decrease the baud
rate then press Enter. The next
parameter in the Comm menu,
the serial sample period, will
Figure 6 Serial Cable Wiring
then appear.
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1504 Thermometer Readout
User’s Guide
7.1.2
Automatic Transmission of Measurements
The 1504 can be programmed to automatically send measurements to a remote
printer or terminal. The transmission interval is set using the “SA PEr” sample
period parameter. This is set in the Comm menu after the baud rate parameter.
The display will briefly indicate “SA PEr” and then display the current sample
period. The sample period is specified in hours, minutes, and seconds. Setting
the sample period to 0 disables automatic transmission of measurements. Use
the L and R buttons to move between digits. The selected digit will flash.
Use the U and D buttons to increase or decrease the digit. When the sample
period is set as desired press Enter.
The sample period can also be set using the “SA” communications command.
The period can be specified in seconds, in minutes and seconds, or in hours,
minutes, and seconds. For example, SA=15<EOS> causes the 1504 to transmit
measurements at 15-second intervals. SA=10:00<EOS> causes the 1504 to
transmit a measurement every ten minutes. SA=2:00:00<EOS> causes the 1504
to transmit a measurement every two hours. (<EOS> represents the termination
character which is either a linefeed or carriage return).
7.1.3
Time Stamp and System Clock
The 1504 has a built-in system clock that counts hours, minutes, and seconds
while the power is on. The clock can be used to time stamp measurement data
read from the communications interfaces. When the power is switched on the
clock is set to 00:00:00. You can set the clock to show the actual time-of-day.
This can be done within the Comm menu. Press the Menu button (“SEt?” ap-
pears) and then the Comm menu button. The display will briefly show “CLOC”
then the current clock time in hours, minutes, and seconds. The time is repre-
sented in 24-hour format with 00 hours meaning 12:00 a.m. and 23 hours
meaning 11:00 p.m. Use the L and R buttons to move between digits. The
selected digit will flash. Use the U and D buttons to change the digit. Once
the digits are correct, press Enter to accept the new time. If you decide not to
change the time press the Exit button instead.
The clock can also be set using the “CL” communications command:
CL=hh:mm:ss <EOS>.
The time stamp allows you to record the time-of-day with measurements that
are printed or transmitted to a computer. The given time is the value of the sys-
tem clock at the time of transmission. An example of time-stamped readings is
shown below.
t: 31.787 F 14:04:40
t: 31.788 F 14:04:50
t: 31.792 F 14:05:00
t: 31.793 F 14:05:10
The time stamp control is also accessed in the Comm menu. Press the Menu
button (“SEt?” appears) and then the Comm menu button. Press Exit to skip
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7 Digital Communications Interface
GPIB Interface
to the time stamp parameter. The display will briefly show “ti Sta” then the
time stamp state which is either ON or OFF. Use the U and D buttons to
change the state and press Enter. ON enables transmission of the time stamp
and OFF disables it.
The time stamp can also be set using the “ST” communications command. The
command ST=ON<EOS> enables the time stamp and ST=OF<EOS> disables
it.
The clock and time stamp parameters affect the time stamp of data read through
both the RS-232 and IEEE-488 interfaces.
7.1.4
Duplex Mode and Linefeed
Commands sent to the 1504 through the RS-232 interface are normally echoed
back to the remote device. To disable this feature set the duplex option to half
instead of full. The duplex parameter is found in the Comm menu after the
sample period parameter. The display will briefly indicate “dUPL” and then
display the current duplex setting. Use the U and D buttons to set duplex to
“HaLF” or “FULL” then press Enter.
Duplex can also be set using the “DU” communications command. The com-
mand DU=H<EOS> sets duplex to half and DU=F<EOS> sets duplex to full.
Transmissions from the 1504 through the RS-232 interface are normally fol-
lowed by a linefeed character (ASCII decimal 10). The linefeed character can
be disabled by setting the linefeed “LF” parameter to “OFF”. The linefeed pa-
rameter is found in the Comm menu after the duplex parameter. The display
will briefly indicate “LF” and then display the current linefeed setting. Use the
U and D buttons to set linefeed “On” or “OFF” then press Enter.
The linefeed can also be set using the “LF” communications command. The
command LF=OF<EOS> disables the linefeed character and LF=ON<EOS>
enables it.
7.2
GPIB Interface
The 1504 is available with an optional IEEE-488 (GPIB) port. The IEEE-488
interface is useful when one computer needs to control and collect data from
many instruments simultaneously. The IEEE-488 connector is located on the
back panel of the 1504 above the RS-232 connector. To eliminate noise, the
GPIB cable should be shielded.
The 1504 is equipped with basic communication capabilities as specified in
IEEE-488.1. The particular capabilities of the IEEE-488 interface are AH1,
SH1, T6, L4, DC1 (TE0, LE0, SR0, RL0, PP0, DT0). Refer to “IEEE Std
488.1-1987". The 1504 can talk and listen and accepts the DCL and SDC clear
commands. The 1504 does not respond to trigger (GET), serial poll, parallel
poll, or remote/local commands and is not capable of talk-only mode.
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1504 Thermometer Readout
User’s Guide
7.2.1
Setting the Address
The IEEE-488 bus requires that each device has a unique address. The default
address of the 1504 is 22 but can be changed if necessary. The IEEE-488 ad-
dress of the 1504 is set within the Comm menu after the serial linefeed param-
eter. (This menu option will not appear if the IEEE-488 interface is not
installed). Press the Menu button (“SEt?” appears) then press the Comm but-
ton. The display will briefly indicate “SErIAL”, then “bAUd” and then display
the current baud rate. Press Enter several times until “IEEE” appears. The dis-
play will briefly indicate “AddreSS” and then display the current IEEE-488
address. Use the U and D buttons to change the number then press Enter.
7.2.2
Setting the Termination Character
The 1504 will normally terminate transmissions from the IEEE-488 port with a
linefeed (newline) character. Some systems may require a terminating carriage
return instead. The termination character can be changed if necessary. The ter-
mination character is set within the Comm menu after the IEEE-488 address
parameter. (This menu option will not appear if the IEEE-488 interface is not
installed). The display will briefly indicate “EOS” (end of string) and then dis-
play the current setting. Use the U and D buttons to change the termination
character then press Enter.
7.2.3
Time Stamp
Measurement data read from the GPIB interface can be stamped with the
time-of-day. For instructions on setting the time stamp and system clock see
7.3
Remote Commands
ASCII commands are used to instruct the 1504 to perform certain actions. Ta-
either the RS-232 or IEEE-488 interface. All commands sent to the 1504 must
be terminated with a carriage return or linefeed. Either upper or lower case let-
ters are accepted. Commands used to set a parameter are issued with the com-
mand header, an “=“ character, and the parameter value. For example,
U=C<EOS> sets the units to Celsius. (The symbol <EOS> represents the termi-
nation character.) Commands used to request data are issued with only the
command header. For example, T<EOS> causes the 1502A to return the most
recent measurement. Basic operations using commands are explained in the fol-
lowing sub-sections.
7.3.1
Measurement Commands
The following commands relate to reading measurement data.
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7 Digital Communications Interface
Remote Commands
Table 5 Command List
Command
Description
Measurement Commands
T
read measurement (includes label, unit, and time)
read measurement value (SCPI compatible)
read [or set] serial sample period
select units
F[ETCH?]
SA[=[[[hh:]mm:]ss]
U=C|F|K|O
ST[=ON/OF]
CL[=hh:mm:ss]
read [or set] the time stamp
read [or set] the system clock
Probe Characterization Commands
PR[=T/R|R|]
read [or select] the characterization type
read [or set] R0
R0[=<value>]
AL[=<value>]
read [or set]
read [or set]
α
δ
for the Callendar-Van Dusen characterization
for the Callendar-Van Dusen characterization
DE[=<value>]
BE[=<value>]
Bn[=<value>]
red [or set]
β
for the Callendar-Van Dusen characterization
read [or set] b0, b1, b2, or b3 for the thermistor characterization
test resistance to temperature conversion
CO=<value>
Sample Parameter Commands
FI[=<value>]
read [or set] filter time constant
PS[=<value.]
read [or set] the power saver period
Communication parameter commands
DU[=F/H]
read [or set] serial sample duplex mode
LF[=ON/OF]
read [or set] serial linefeed
Calibration Commands
*PA=<password>
*LO=[=CA|AL]
disable password lockout of calibration commands
read [or set] menu lockout
*C0[=<value>]
read [or set] the 0
Ω
calibration parameter
calibration parameter
*C1[=<value>]
read [or set] the 10K
Ω
*C2[=<value>]
read [or set] the 100ΚΩ calibration parameter
*SN[=<value>]
Miscellaneous Commands
read [or set] the instrument serial number
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1504 Thermometer Readout
User’s Guide
Command List Continued
*VER
IDN?
read model number and firmware version number
read manufacturer, model number, serial number, and firmware version number (SCPI
compatible)
H
read a partial list of commands
7.3.1.1
Reading Temperature
The most recent temperature measurement can be read using the following
command:
T<EOS> reads the most recent measurement
The syntax of the response is as follows:
t:_nnnn.nnn_u
or
t:_nnnn.nnn_u_hh:mm:ss
The _’s represent space characters. The n’s represent the digits of the measure-
ment value. If fewer digits are needed the leading positions are filled with space
characters. The u represents the unit which is either ‘C’, ‘F’, ‘K’, or ‘O’ (for
low). The time appears in 24-hour format with two digits each for hours, min-
utes, and seconds.
The following SCPI compatible command can also be used to return the most
recent measurement but without the label and unit.
FETC?<EOS> or
FETCH?<EOS> returns the value of the most recent measurement
7.3.1.2
Automatically transmitting measurements
By setting the sample period, the 1504 can be programmed to automatically
transmit measurements from the RS-232 port at specified intervals. The sample
period can be set remotely using the commands:
SA=[[hh:]mm:]ss<EOS> sets the sample period
SA=0<EOS> disables automatic transmission of measurements
The value of the sample period can be from 0 seconds to 24 hours. It is not nec-
essary to give hours or minutes for values in seconds. A value of 0 disables au-
tomatic transmission of measurements. Following are some example
commands.
SA=10<EOS> sets the sample period to 10 seconds
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7 Digital Communications Interface
Remote Commands
SA=5:00<EOS> sets the sample period to 5 minutes
SA=1:00:00<EOS> sets the sample period to 1 hour
7.3.1.3
Selecting the Unit of Measurement
The selected unit is used in displaying measurements on the front panel and in
reading measurements from the communications interfaces. The following
commands can be used to select the unit of measurement:
U=C<EOS> selects Celsius
U=F<EOS> selects Fahrenheit
U=K<EOS> selects Kelvin
U=O<EOS> selects ohms
7.3.1.4
7.3.1.5
Enabling the Time Stamp
Enabling the time stamp causes the time of the system clock to be transmitted
along with measurement data. The time stamp can be enabled or disabled using
the following commands:
ST=ON<EOS> enables the time stamp
ST=OFF<EOS> disables the time stamp
Setting the Clock
The system clock is set in 24-hour format using the command:
CL=hh:mm:ss<EOS>
For example:
CL=14:24:00 sets the time to 2:24 pm.
7.3.2
Probe Characterization Commands
The following commands relate to reading measurement data.
7.3.2.1
Selecting the Characterization
The following commands can be used to select the probe characterization and
coefficients:
P=T<EOS> selects the thermistor characterization
P=R<EOS> or RTD selects the Callendar-Van Dusen characterization
R0=<value><EOS> sets R0
AL=<value><EOS> sets α for the Callendar-Van Dusen characterization
DE=<value><EOS> sets δ for the Callendar-Van Dusen characterization
BE=<value><EOS> sets β for the Callendar-Van Dusen characterization
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1504 Thermometer Readout
User’s Guide
Bn=<value><EOS> sets b0, b1, b2, or b3 for the thermistor characterization.
n is a number from 0 to 3.
7.3.2.2
Testing the Characterization
The following command can be used to test the probe characterization:
CO=<value><EOS> returns a temperature calculated from resistance
The 1504 will respond with a temperature value computed from the given resis-
tance value. The temperature is given in the currently selected unit. As an ex-
ample, if the Callendar-Van Dusen characterization is selected with IEC-751
coefficients and the selected unit is Celsius, sending this command with a resis-
tance value of 138.5 will return a temperature value of 100.0°C.
7.3.3
Sample Commands
The following commands ralate to the measurement process.
7.3.3.1
Setting the Filter
The filter helps to reduce variations in the measurements. The filter can be set
remotely using the command:
FI=<value><EOS> sets the filter time constant
FI=0<EOS> disables the filter
The value is the filter time constant in seconds. It must be between 0 and 60 in-
clusive. A value of 0 disables the filter.
7.3.3.2
Setting the Power Saver
Activating the power saver can conserve power which is an advantage when op-
erating from a battery. The power saver causes the display to blank if no front
panel buttons are pressed for a given number of minutes. The power saver can
be set using the commands:
PS=<value><EOS> sets the power saver time in minutes
PS=0<EOS> or PS=OF<EOS> disables the power saver
The value is the power saver time-out period in minutes. It must be between 0
and 60 inclusive. It is automatically rounded to a multiple of five minutes. A
value of 0 or OFF disables the power saver.
7.3.4
Communication Commands
The following commands relate to external communications.
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7 Digital Communications Interface
Remote Commands
7.3.4.1
7.3.4.2
Setting the Duplex Mode
When the RS-232 duplex mode is set to FULL all commands received by the
1504 from the RS-232 port are echoed back. Setting the mode to HALF dis-
ables the echo. The duplex mode can be set remotely using the commands:
DU=F<EOS> sets duplex to full
DU=H<EOS> sets duplex to half
Setting the Linefeed Option
When the RS-232 linefeed option is enabled any data transmitted from the
RS-232 port is terminated with a carriage return and a linefeed. Disabling the
linefeed sets the termination to carriage return only. The linefeed option can be
set remotely using the commands:
LF=ON<EOS> enables linefeed
LF=OF<EOS> disables linefeed
7.3.5
Calibration Commands
The following commands are used in calibrating the instrument.
7.3.5.1
Entering the Password
In order to set the calibration parameters the password must be issued first. The
following command enables access to the calibration parameters:
*PA=4051<EOS> enables the calibration commands
Calibration parameters can be locked out again by sending *PA=0 or by cycling
the power.
7.3.5.2
7.3.5.3
Setting the Menu Lockout
The following commands can be used to select the menu lockout options:
*LO=CA<EOS> locks out only the calibration menu
*LO=AL<EOS> locks out all menus
Setting the Calibration Coefficients
The instrument calibration coefficients are used to maintain the resistance mea-
surement accuracy of the 1504. These coefficients must not be changed except
by a qualified technician during the calibration of the 1504. The following
commands can be used to set the instrument calibration coefficients:
*C0=<value><EOS> sets the calibration parameter CAL0
*C1=<value> <EOS> sets the calibration parameter CAL10
*C4=<value><EOS> sets the calibration parameter CAL100
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1504 Thermometer Readout
User’s Guide
7.3.5.4
Setting the Serial Number
The following command is used to set the serial number of the 1504:
*SN=<value><EOS> sets the instrument’s serial number
7.3.6
Other Commands
Remaining commands are described below.
7.3.6.1
Instrument Identification
The following command returns the model number and firmware version
number:
*VER<EOS> returns the model and firmware version numbers
The syntax of the response is as follows:
ver.mmmm,v.vv
The m’s represent digits of the model number. The v’s represent the digits of
the firmware version number. As an example, if the version number was 1.10
the response would be “ver.1504,1.10".
The following IEEE-488.2 and SCPI compatible command can be used to read
the manufacturer, model number, serial number, and firmware version number.
*IDN?<EOS> returns identification data for the instrument
The syntax of the response is as follows:
HART,1504,<serial number>,v.vv
The v’s represent the digits of the firmware version number. As an example, if
the serial number was 6A1202 and the version number was 1.10 the response
would be “HART,1504,6A1202,1.10".
7.3.6.2
Reading a List of Commands
The following command returns a list of commands:
H<EOS>
or
HELP<EOS> returns a list of commands
34
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8 Calibration Procedure
Accessing the Calibration Parameters
8
Calibration Procedure
The 1504 uses a three-point calibration scheme with a quadratic polynomial
correction function to maintain the accuracy of its resistance measurement. The
three calibration points are at 0Ω, 10 kΩ, and 100 kΩ. Three calibration pa-
rameters determine the correction function: CAL0, CAL10, and CAL100.
The CAL0 parameter sets the correction at 0Ω resistance (but does not
affect the correction at 10 kΩ). The CAL10 parameter sets the correction
at 10 kΩ resistance (but does not affect the correction at 0Ω). The
CAL100 parameter sets the correction at 100 kΩ resistance (but does
not affect the correction at 0Ω and 10 kΩ). Adjusting the calibration pa-
rameters directly affects the measurement at the specific resistances.
For example, increasing the CAL10 parameter by 0.1 increases the
measured value at 10 kΩ by 0.1Ω.
8.1
Accessing the Calibration Parameters
The calibration parameters are accessed in the Cal menu. The calibration pa-
rameters are protected by requiring the correct password to access them. Press
the Menu/Enter button, “SEt?” appears. Press the /Exit button and hold it
down for one second, “CAL” appears briefly. The display will show “PA=
0000” and allow you to change the number to the correct password. You must
enter the password (“4051”). Use the L and R buttons to move between
the password digits and the U and D buttons to increase or decrease
the value of a digit. Press Enter when all the digits are correct. If the pass-
word is entered correctly the first parameter in the calibration menu will appear.
The first parameter in the Cal menu is the lockout control parameter, indicated
on the display as “LOCOUt”. This parameter has two options, “CAL” and
“ALL”. “CAL” (default) locks out the calibration menu only. “ALL” locks out
all menus and access to any menu requires the correct password. Use the L
and R buttons to select the lockout option and press Enter to continue.
The instrument calibration parameters follow.
The calibration parameters appear with the name shown briefly then the value.
You can change the sign and digits of each parameter. Use the L and R
buttons to move between digits and the U and D buttons to increase or
decrease the value of the digit. Press Enter to save the new value.
The calibration parameters can also be set using remote commands through the
RS-232 or IEEE-488 interfaces. The *PA=<password><EOS> command must
be used first, using the correct password (“4051”), to enable access to the cali-
bration parameters. Lockout protection is automatically set by cycling the
power. The *C0=<value><EOS>, *C1=<value> <EOS>, and
*C2=<value><EOS> commands can be used to set the values of the CAL0,
CAL10, and CAL100 parameters respectively.
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1504 Thermometer Readout
User’s Guide
8.2
Calibration Procedure
Calibration requires four-wire 10 kΩ and 100 kΩ resistors of 25 ppm uncer-
tainty and a 0Ω resistor (or short). For verification, 4 kΩ and 40 kΩ resistors of
25 ppm uncertainty, and a 1 MΩ resistor of 75 ppm uncertainty are also re-
quired. The resistors are connected to the input the same way probes are. The
calibration procedure is as follows:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Connect a 0Ω resistor to the input and measure its resistance. Note the
average error in the measurement. Adjust the CAL0 parameter by sub-
tracting the measured error. For example, if the input is exactly 0.0Ω and
readout shows –0.11Ω, the CAL0 parameter should be adjusted by add-
ing 0.11 to it.
Connect a 10 kΩ resistor to the input and measure its resistance. Note
the average error in the measurement. Adjust the CAL10 parameter by
subtracting the measured error. For example, if the input is exactly
10.000 kΩ and the readout shows 10001.9Ω, the CAL100 parameter
should be adjusted by subtracting 1.9 from it.
Connect a 100 kΩ resistor to the input and measure its resistance. Note
the average error in the measurement. Adjust the CAL100 parameter by
subtracting the measured error. For example, if the input is exactly
100.000 kΩ and the readout shows 999991Ω, the CAL400 parameter
should be adjusted by adding 9.0 to it.
Verify the accuracy at 0Ω, 4 kΩ, 10 kΩ, 40 kΩ, 100 kΩ, and 1 MΩ. The
accuracy should be within the short-term accuracy limits given in the
specifications.
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9 Maintenance
9
Maintenance
• The calibration instrument has been designed with the utmost care. Ease
of operation and simplicity of maintenance have been a central theme in
the product development. Therefore, with proper care the instrument
should require very little maintenance. Avoid operating the instrument in
an oily, wet, dirty, or dusty environments.
• If the outside of the instrument becomes soiled, it may be wiped clean
with a damp cloth and mild detergent. Do not use harsh chemicals on the
surface which may damage the paint or the plastic of the outside shell.
• If a hazardous material is spilt on or inside the equipment, the user is re-
sponsible for taking the appropriate decontamination steps as outlined by
the national safety council with respect to the material.
• If the mains supply cord becomes damaged, replace it with a cord with
the appropriate gauge wire for the current of the instrument. If there are
any questions, call an Authorized Service Center for more information.
• Before using any cleaning or decontamination method except those rec-
ommended by Hart, users should check with an Authorized Service Cen-
ter to be sure that the proposed method will not damage the equipment.
• If the instrument is used in a manner not in accordance with the equip-
ment design, the operation of the thermometer may be impaired or safety
hazards may arise.
• DC Battery Pack Option: Due to the self-discharge characteristics of the
sealed lead-acid battery, it is imperative that the battery be charged after
6–9 months of storage. Otherwise, permanent loss of capacity might oc-
cur as a result of sulfation.
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10 Troubleshooting
10
Troubleshooting
In case you run into difficulty while operating the 1504, this section provides
some suggestions that may help you solve the problem. Below are several situa-
tions that may arise followed by possible causes of the problem and suggested
actions you might take.
Incorrect Temperature Reading
While attempting to measure temperature the display shows an incorrect value.
If the temperature readings seem to be incorrect you should first check to see if
the resistance is being measured correctly. Select ohms to display resistance. If
the resistance is incorrect refer to the next subsection for troubleshooting incor-
rect resistance readings. If the resistance is being measured correctly but the
displayed temperature value is incorrect consider the following possibilities.
• One or more coefficients are incorrect. This is a common mistake.
While entering coefficients it is easy to miss a digit or sign. Check all the
values carefully comparing them with the values on the calibration certifi-
cate for the probe.
• The selected conversion type is incorrect. Check to make sure the cor-
rect conversion type (thermistor or RTD) is selected.
• The measurement is out of range. The 1504 may not be able to calcu-
late temperature accurately if the resistance is outside the valid range. The
measured resistance may be too low or too high if the actual temperature
is too low or too high or if there is a problem with the sensor (see below).
Incorrect Resistance Reading
While attempting to measure resistance the display shows an incorrect value.
Consider the following possibilities.
• Poor or incorrect connection of the probe. A common mistake is to
connect the wires of the probe to the wrong terminals. Check the wiring
• Open, shorted, or damaged sensor or lead wires. Check the resistance
across the sensor using a hand-held DMM. Also check the resistance be-
tween common pairs of leads. Check to make sure there is no conductiv-
ity between any of the leads and the probe sheath. Use a good-quality
sensor to avoid errors caused by drift, hysteresis, or insulation leakage.
• Electrical interference. Intense radio-frequency radiation near the 1504
or the probe can induce noise into the measurement circuits resulting in
erratic readings. The 1504 is intended to operate in a laboratory environ-
ment with limited radio-frequency noise. If interference seems to be a
problem you might try eliminating the source of interference or moving
the 1504 to a different location. A well-grounded, shielded cable should
be used for the probe leads.
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1504 Thermometer Readout
User’s Guide
• Stem conduction error. The problem may be that the actual temperature
of the sensor is not what you expect. This is often the result of stem con-
duction where heat flowing through the stem of the probe to ambient af-
fects the temperature of the probe. It is very important that immersion
probes be inserted to an adequately depth into the material being mea-
sured. Measuring temperature using a surface sensor can be especially
difficult as the sensor is directly exposed to ambient.
Error Message at Power Up
The 1504 reports an error during the power up self-test.
On power up the 1504 performs a self-test of several of its key components. A
failure of a component will cause an error message to be displayed such as “Err
4”. The possible error messages and their meanings are as follows:
Err 1Static RAM failure.
Err 2Nonvolatile RAM failure.
Err 3Internal data structure error.
Err 4ADC initialization failure.
Err 5ADC operation error.
Generally, each of these conditions require a qualified factory technician to re-
place a faulty component. Contact the factory for assistance. One possible ex-
ception might be if a large static discharge nearby disturbs the circuits. Cycling
the power off and back on again may allow the 1504 to resume normal opera-
tion. Another might be if the AC source voltage is incorrect, e.g. using 115 V
when the 1504 is configured for 230 V. Check the source voltage and the
1504’s configuration and make sure they agree.
10.1
CE Comments
10.1.1
EMC Directive
Hart Scientifics’ equipment has been tested to meet the European Electromag-
netic Compatibility Directive (EMC Directive, 89/336/EEC). The Declaration
of Conformity for your instrument lists the specific standards to which the unit
was tested.
The instrument was designed specifically as a test and measuring device. Com-
pliance to the EMC directive is through IEC 61326-1 Electrical equipment for
measurement, control and laboratory use – EMC requirements (1998).
As noted in the IEC 61326-1, the instrument can have varying configurations.
The instrument was tested in a typical configuration with shielded, grounded
probe and RS-232 cables. Emissions may, in non-typical applications, exceed
the levels required by the standard. It is not practical to test all configurations,
as the manufacturer has no control over the probes the user may connect to the
instrument.
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10 Troubleshooting
CE Comments
10.1.1.1
Immunity Testing
The instrument was tested to the requirements for industrial locations. This al-
lows the instrument to be used in all types of locations from the laboratory to
the factory floor. Criterion C was used for Electrostatic Discharge (ESD, IEC
61000-4-2) and Electric Fast Transit (EFT, Burst, IEC 61000-4-4). If the instru-
ment is subjected to EFT conditions at 2kV, the instrument may require the user
to cycle the power to return to normal operation.
10.1.1.2
Emission Testing
The instrument fulfills the limit requirements for Class A equipment but does
not fulfill the limit requirements for Class B equipment. The instrument was
not designed to be used in domestic establishments.
10.1.2
Low Voltage Directive (Safety)
In order to comply with the European Low Voltage Directive (73/23/EEC),
Hart Scientific equipment has been designed to meet the IEC 1010-1 (EN
61010-1) and the IEC 1010-2-010 (EN 61010-2-010) standards.
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