Fluke Network Card Network Tester User Manual

NetTool  
Inline Network Tester  
Users Manual  
PN 1560821  
June 2000, Rev 3, 3/05  
© 2000-2005 Fluke Corporation, All rights reserved.  
All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.  
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Chapter  
1
Title  
Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1-1  
Using This Manual.......................................................................................................... 1-1  
What is NetTool?............................................................................................................ 1-1  
NetTool Features....................................................................................................... 1-2  
Care and Maintenance .............................................................................................. 1-2  
Package Contents ..................................................................................................... 1-2  
Optional Accessories................................................................................................. 1-3  
Service and Adjustment............................................................................................. 1-3  
Registering NetTool................................................................................................... 1-3  
Contacting Fluke Networks........................................................................................ 1-4  
PC/NetTool Link Utility Programs................................................................................... 1-4  
NetTool Blaster.......................................................................................................... 1-4  
NetTool Toolkit .......................................................................................................... 1-5  
Installing and Running the Link Utilities..................................................................... 1-5  
Getting Acquainted......................................................................................................... 1-5  
Turning on NetTool.................................................................................................... 1-5  
Turning on the Backlight............................................................................................ 1-5  
i
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
Understanding the LEDs........................................................................................... 1-6  
Link/Collision/Error LED ....................................................................................... 1-6  
Utilization LED...................................................................................................... 1-6  
NetTool Menus.......................................................................................................... 1-7  
Icons..................................................................................................................... 1-7  
Main Menu ........................................................................................................... 1-7  
Navigation Keys ................................................................................................... 1-8  
Power Supply................................................................................................................. 1-9  
Installing the Batteries............................................................................................... 1-9  
Maximizing Battery Life............................................................................................. 1-9  
Using the AC Adapter ............................................................................................... 1-9  
Updating NetTool’s Software ......................................................................................... 1-10  
2
Setting Up and Connecting NetTool........................................................................... 2-1  
Introduction.................................................................................................................... 2-1  
Configuring NetTool....................................................................................................... 2-1  
Changing the System Settings.................................................................................. 2-2  
Identifying Unwanted Protocols................................................................................. 2-3  
Manually Assigning NetTool an IP Address .............................................................. 2-3  
Creating a List of IP Addresses to Ping..................................................................... 2-4  
Selecting a Language for the Display Screens ......................................................... 2-4  
Obtaining Information about Your NetTool................................................................ 2-4  
Connecting NetTool....................................................................................................... 2-5  
Connecting a Patch Cable ........................................................................................ 2-5  
Single-Ended Connection ......................................................................................... 2-5  
Inline Connection ...................................................................................................... 2-7  
Serial Port Connection .............................................................................................. 2-8  
ii  
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Contents (continued)  
3
AutoTest........................................................................................................................ 3-1  
Introduction .................................................................................................................... 3-1  
Running AutoTest........................................................................................................... 3-1  
Cable Test Results .................................................................................................... 3-2  
Cable Length, Opens, Shorts, and Splits.............................................................. 3-2  
Wiremap ............................................................................................................... 3-2  
Single-Ended AutoTest Results................................................................................. 3-3  
Network Drop........................................................................................................ 3-3  
Network Device..................................................................................................... 3-4  
Inline AutoTest Results.............................................................................................. 3-5  
Inline between a Device and the Network............................................................. 3-5  
Inline between a PoE Powered Device and the Network...................................... 3-7  
4
Troubleshooting a Network Device ............................................................................ 4-1  
Introduction .................................................................................................................... 4-1  
Verifying a Device’s Configuration.................................................................................. 4-1  
Viewing Link Status Information ................................................................................ 4-2  
Checking Frames for Errors....................................................................................... 4-3  
Tracking Protocols..................................................................................................... 4-5  
Obtaining a Device’s IP Address Information ............................................................ 4-6  
Identifying Network Resources.................................................................................. 4-7  
5
Troubleshooting Networks.......................................................................................... 5-1  
Introduction .................................................................................................................... 5-1  
Finding Out About Your Network.................................................................................... 5-1  
Identifying the Network Type ..................................................................................... 5-2  
Identifying Key Devices ............................................................................................. 5-3  
iii  
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
Ping................................................................................................................................ 5-4  
Assigning an IP Address to NetTool.......................................................................... 5-4  
Pinging a Single Device ............................................................................................ 5-4  
Pinging Multiple Devices........................................................................................... 5-5  
6
Common Problems...................................................................................................... 6-1  
Introduction.................................................................................................................... 6-1  
Displaying the Problem Log........................................................................................... 6-1  
Understanding the Problem Log Display................................................................... 6-2  
Things to Consider.................................................................................................... 6-3  
Problems NetTool Detects............................................................................................. 6-3  
Link Connectivity Problems....................................................................................... 6-3  
Network Problems..................................................................................................... 6-5  
Health Problems................................................................................................... 6-5  
NetWare............................................................................................................... 6-6  
TCP/IP.................................................................................................................. 6-7  
Host Configuration................................................................................................ 6-7  
Name Resolution.................................................................................................. 6-8  
NetBIOS............................................................................................................... 6-9  
Web...................................................................................................................... 6-10  
Email .................................................................................................................... 6-10  
Printer................................................................................................................... 6-11  
Unwanted protocols (when enabled).................................................................... 6-12  
7
Verifying Voice over IP Service .................................................................................. 7-1  
Introduction.................................................................................................................... 7-1  
Running AutoTest.......................................................................................................... 7-1  
Viewing PoE Voltage and Pair Information ............................................................... 7-2  
iv  
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Contents (continued)  
Viewing VLAN and CDP Information ......................................................................... 7-2  
The VoIP Log ................................................................................................................. 7-3  
Viewing Call Quality Measurements............................................................................... 7-4  
8
Creating and Managing Reports ................................................................................. 8-1  
Introduction .................................................................................................................... 8-1  
Before You Begin ........................................................................................................... 8-1  
Creating a Report........................................................................................................... 8-2  
Deleting or Overwriting a Report .................................................................................... 8-3  
Appendices  
A
B
C
Specifications.......................................................................................................... A-1  
Sample VoIP Call Logs ........................................................................................... B-1  
Glossary.................................................................................................................. C-1  
Index  
v
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
vi  
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List of Tables  
Table  
Title  
Page  
1-1. NetTool's Device Icons.......................................................................................................... 1-7  
3-1. Services NetTool Discovers .................................................................................................. 3-4  
3-2. Duplex Settings ..................................................................................................................... 3-5  
3-3. Link and Polarity Level .......................................................................................................... 3-6  
5-1. Ping Status Icons .................................................................................................................. 5-6  
6-1. Elements of the Problem Log ................................................................................................ 6-2  
7-1. VoIP Monitor RTP/RTCP Statistics........................................................................................ 7-4  
vii  
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
viii  
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Figure  
Title  
1-1. NetTool Front Panel .............................................................................................................. 1-1  
1-2. Initial Screen.......................................................................................................................... 1-5  
1-3. NetTool LEDs........................................................................................................................ 1-6  
1-4. NetTool Icons ........................................................................................................................ 1-7  
1-5. Battery Compartment ............................................................................................................ 1-9  
1-6. Powering NetTool with the AC Adapter ................................................................................. 1-9  
2-1. NetTool Menu........................................................................................................................ 2-1  
2-2. Settings Menu ....................................................................................................................... 2-2  
2-3. Edit Screen............................................................................................................................ 2-3  
2-4. Single-Ended Connection into a Wall Jack............................................................................ 2-6  
2-5. Single-Ended Connection to a PC......................................................................................... 2-6  
2-6. Inline Connection between a PC and the Network ................................................................ 2-7  
2-7. Connecting NetTool to the Serial Port ................................................................................... 2-8  
3-1. AutoTest Screen.................................................................................................................... 3-1  
3-2. Cable Status Screen.............................................................................................................. 3-2  
3-3. Wiremap Details.................................................................................................................... 3-2  
3-4. Diagram of NetTool Connected to a PC ................................................................................ 3-4  
ix  
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
3-5. Diagram of an Inline Connection........................................................................................... 3-5  
3-6. Inline Connection Between a PoE-Powered Device and the Network .................................. 3-7  
4-1. Station Menu......................................................................................................................... 4-1  
4-2. Link Configuration Details ..................................................................................................... 4-2  
4-3. Health Details........................................................................................................................ 4-3  
4-4. Health Statistics .................................................................................................................... 4-3  
4-5. Protocols Screen................................................................................................................... 4-5  
4-6. IP Protocols Screen .............................................................................................................. 4-5  
4-7. Addresses Used Screen ....................................................................................................... 4-6  
4-8. CDP Information ................................................................................................................... 4-6  
4-9. VLAN Information.................................................................................................................. 4-7  
4-10. Servers Used Screen............................................................................................................ 4-7  
5-1. Network Menu....................................................................................................................... 5-1  
5-2. Segment ID Screen............................................................................................................... 5-2  
5-3. Key Devices Screen.............................................................................................................. 5-3  
5-4. Ping Screen .......................................................................................................................... 5-4  
5-5. Ping Catalog Screen............................................................................................................. 5-5  
5-6. Ping Results Screen ............................................................................................................. 5-6  
6-1. Main Menu Showing Problems Selected .............................................................................. 6-1  
6-2. Problem Log.......................................................................................................................... 6-2  
7-1. Link Configuration Screen..................................................................................................... 7-2  
7-2. VLAN Port Information.......................................................................................................... 7-3  
7-3. VoIP Log ............................................................................................................................... 7-3  
7-4. VoIP Monitor ......................................................................................................................... 7-4  
8-1. Reporter Menu...................................................................................................................... 8-2  
8-2. Save Report Screen.............................................................................................................. 8-2  
x
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Chapter 1  
Introduction  
Using This Manual  
This Users Manual is supplied with the NetTool™ Inline  
Network Tester (hereafter referred to as NetTool) to help  
you learn to use your new tester quickly and more  
efficiently. The manual introduces you to the key features  
and operation of NetTool and shows you how to set it up  
and use it to resolve troublesome desktop-to-network  
connectivity problems. Descriptions of test functions,  
along with illustrations of typical menus and result  
screens, are provided to assist you with the operation of  
the tester and interpretation of results.  
SELECT  
What is NetTool?  
NetTool™ is a handheld tester that combines cable,  
network, and PC configuration testing into a single  
device. NetTool is specifically designed to speed your  
frontline network troubleshooting, “moves, adds &  
changes,” and desktop-to-network connectivity work.  
ahn010f.eps  
Figure 1-1. NetTool Front Panel  
1-1  
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
NetTool is available in the following models:  
“Listen” to traffic between network devices to detect  
common connectivity problems (NetTool Pro and  
VoIP models only)  
NetTool Standard: provides single-ended testing of  
network devices. Also includes a Ping function and  
the capability to display VLAN traffic and CDP  
information.  
Generate resource reports to document network and  
PC performance (NetTool Pro and VoIP models  
only).  
NetTool Pro: includes all of the features in the  
standard model plus the ability to do inline testing  
between two devices, such as a PC and the network  
switch. The Pro model also includes the Reporter, a  
function that enables you to create and save test  
reports.  
Care and Maintenance  
Treat your NetTool tester with care to ensure the best  
performance. Clean the tester carefully by using a soft,  
slightly damp cloth. Never use harsh detergents, solvents,  
or abrasive cleaners.  
NetTool VoIP: includes all of the features available  
in NetTool Pro plus the ability to monitor VoIP (Voice  
over IP) service.  
Clean the LCD by gently wiping it with a soft cloth or  
tissue moistened with isopropyl alcohol.  
Package Contents  
NetTool Features  
Take a moment to check the shipping container to make  
sure that the contents match the list below. If any item is  
missing, contact your place of purchase.  
NetTool’s features and functions enable you to do the  
following:  
Verify the reliability of cabling and cabling  
installations by testing for length, shorts, split pairs or  
opens, including pin-to-pin wiremapping  
Four (4) AA batteries  
Serial cable  
Check a PC’s configuration and identify its network  
Ping network devices to verify connectivity  
RJ-45 cable  
Wiremap adapter  
1-2  
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Introduction  
What is NetTool?  
1
This NetTool Users Manual and the NetTool Quick  
Reference Guide  
Service and Adjustment  
Service and adjustment of NetTool should be performed  
by trained Fluke Networks service personnel only. If you  
experience a problem with the tester, visit the Fluke  
Networks website at  
CD-ROM, containing this NetTool Users Manual,  
NetTool. Blaster! (updates software), and the  
NetToolToolkit  
[email protected], or contact your nearest  
Fluke Networks Service Center to report the problem (see  
“Contacting Fluke Networks” for a list of telephone  
numbers).  
CD-ROM, containing Key Device Watch.  
Optional Accessories  
You can separately purchase the following accessories  
for NetTool from Fluke Networks or from your local  
distributor:  
If the tester requires repair, service center personnel will  
provide you with shipping information and repair prices. If  
the tester is covered under warranty, it will be promptly  
repaired or replaced (at Fluke Networks’ option) and  
returned to you, postage paid, at no charge. See the  
registration card for warranty terms. If the warranty has  
lapsed, Fluke Networks will repair the tester for a fixed  
fee and return it, postage paid, to you.  
A/C adapter  
Battery charger  
Rechargeable batteries.  
Registering NetTool  
Please take the time to register your NetTool. Go to the  
Fluke Networks website at  
tester online.  
1-3  
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
Contacting Fluke Networks  
PC/NetTool Link Utility Programs  
The CD-ROM that is packaged with NetTool includes two  
PC-based software utility programs: NetTool Blaster and  
NetTool Toolkit. After you install and start these  
programs, select Help for instructions on how to use  
them.  
+1-425-446-4519  
Australia: 61 (2) 8850-3333 or 61 (3) 9329 0244  
Beijing: 86 (10) 6512-3435  
Brazil: 11 3044 1277  
NetTool Blaster  
NetTool Blaster enables you to do the following:  
Canada: 1-800-363-5853  
Europe: +44 1923 281 300  
Hong Kong: 852 2721-3228  
Japan: +81-3-3434-0181  
Korea: 82 2 539-6311  
Update NetTool (click the Update button)  
Get screen shots (download screens by clicking  
NetTool Blaster’s Capture button)  
Add your own splash screen (click the Personalize  
button)  
Singapore: +65-6738-5655  
Taiwan: (886) 2-227-83199  
USA: 1-800-283-5853  
Set the date and time  
Enter a key code if you have purchased options for  
NetTool (click Options)  
Visit our website for a complete list of phone numbers.  
Change the language of NetTool’s display screens  
(as translations become available)  
Set communication parameters.  
1-4  
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Introduction  
Getting Acquainted  
1
NetTool Toolkit  
Getting Acquainted  
NetTool Toolkit enables you to:  
This section shows you how to turn NetTool on and off  
and acquaints you with the functions of the tester’s  
buttons, navigation keys, and LEDs. You will also become  
familiar with NetTool’s icon/menu-driven user interface.  
Generate reports  
Download reports  
Turning on NetTool  
Configure PING parameters and catalogs.  
To turn NetTool on, press the green Power button firmly  
for one second.  
Installing and Running the Link Utilities  
To install the programs:  
This initial screen is displayed:  
1. Insert the CD-ROM that comes packaged with  
NetTool into your PC.  
A navigation screen displays.  
2. Run the setup program to install both programs.  
ahn13s.bmp  
3. Run the link utility programs from the Start |  
Programs | Fluke Networks...menu.  
Figure 1-2. Initial Screen  
Turning on the Backlight  
To turn on the display backlight, quickly press the Power  
button. Press it again quickly to turn the backlight off.  
1-5  
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
Link/Collision/Error LED  
Understanding the LEDs  
A tri-colored LED with these states:  
On each side of the LCD, NetTool has a pair of LED  
indicators (Figure 1-3). These LEDs combine to give you  
immediate insight and at-a-glance information about your  
network environment. The top pair of LEDs provides link,  
collision, and error information while the bottom pair  
indicates utilization levels.  
Green: a link pulse is present.  
Yellow: collisions are occurring.  
Red: errors (for example, FCS and jabbers) are  
being detected.  
Utilization LED  
Link, Collision  
and Error LED  
Link, Collision  
and Error LED  
A tri-colored LED, with each color representing the  
following ranges of utilization:  
Green: network utilization levels are below 40 %.  
Yellow: network utilization levels are between 40 %  
and 70 %.  
Utilization  
LED  
Utilization  
LED  
ahn314f.eps  
Red: network utilization levels are greater than 70 %.  
Figure 1-3. NetTool LEDs  
1-6  
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Introduction  
Getting Acquainted  
1
Table 1-1. NetTool's Device Icons  
NetTool Menus  
NetTool has an icon- and menu-driven user interface.  
Icon  
Menu  
Network  
Icons  
The top area (Figure 1-4) contains a connection diagram.  
This diagram contains icons that show what type of  
device is connected to NetTool’s RJ-45 jacks.  
NetTool Setup  
Station  
Main Menu  
NetTool’s Main menu is located under the connection  
diagram. From this menu, you can access the following:  
ahn020s.eps  
Note  
Figure 1-4. NetTool Icons  
To display these screens, move the cursor to the  
menu item, then press SELECT.  
NetTool’s device icons are listed in Table 1-1. By moving  
the cursor to an icon and then selecting it, you can drill  
down to find out more information about the device.  
Problems: displays the Problem Log, which lists all  
problems detected from the physical layer to the  
application layer. See Chapter 6, “Common  
Problems”, for details.  
Protocols: displays all of the protocols that NetTool  
sees on the desktop or on the network.  
1-7  
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
Key Devices: displays all of the servers, routers, and  
printers that NetTool finds on the network.  
Scrolling  
To scroll through individual items  
on a menu, press the Up and  
Down arrow c  
To scroll quickly through a menu,  
use the Scroll bar, which is located  
along the right side of a menu.  
Toolkit or VoIP/Toolkit (so named if the VoIP option  
is installed): displays the Toolkit menu where you  
can access the Ping utility, the Reporter function, and  
health statistics. If the VoIP (Voice over IP) option is  
installed, the Toolkit menu lists VoIP-related  
functions.  
b keys.  
Navigation Keys  
Paging Up and Down  
The navigation keys are the four  
directional arrow keys that encircle  
the SELECT key (see the diagram  
on the right):  
If a menu has several pages, press the Left or Right  
arrow key _ `, respectively, to display the preceding  
page or to advance to the next page.  
SELECT  
Closing the Current Screen  
ahn310f.eps  
b
Up/Down arrow keys:  
c
To close the current screen, press the Up arrow c key  
Left/Right arrow keys: _ `  
to move the cursor to the  
(located in the top right  
corner) then press SELECT.  
Use the arrow keys to navigate  
through the menu system. They  
control the on-screen cursor and,  
when pressed, move you to the  
icons and to different menu entries.  
1-8  
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Introduction  
Power Supply  
1
Maximizing Battery Life  
Power Supply  
The life of batteries is strongly influenced by the care that  
they receive. The greatest enemy of batteries is heat.  
When using rechargeable batteries, avoid charging them  
when they are hot.  
To supply power to the tester, you can use the four AA  
size batteries (supplied) or the (optional) rechargeable  
batteries. Alternatively, you can use the (optional) AC  
adapter.  
Battery life can also be shortened if you frequently leave  
NetTool in a hot place, such as a car on a warm day and  
then charge the batteries immediately upon returning to  
your office.  
Installing the Batteries  
Figure 1-5 shows you how to insert the four AA batteries  
into the tester’s battery compartment.  
Using the AC Adapter  
The (optional) AC adapter plugs into the left side of  
NetTool, as shown in Figure 1-6 below:  
1
3
2
ahn011f.eps  
afq03f.eps  
Figure 1-5. Battery Compartment  
Figure 1-6. Powering NetTool with the AC Adapter  
1-9  
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
To update NetTool:  
Updating NetTool’s Software  
1. Follow the web instructions to download the update  
file to your PC.  
From time to time, updates to NetTool’s software become  
available.  
2. Connect the supplied serial cable between NetTool  
and the PC (see “Serial Port Connection” in Chapter  
2) then transfer the files from the PC to the tester.  
Select the NetTool icon  
NetTool to find out what version of software is  
installed on the tester.  
then select About  
To find out if there is a new software version  
NetTool from the Find your product selection box.  
Click the software link to display the Software page.  
Check the version number to determine if it is later  
than the version installed on your tester.  
1-10  
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Chapter 2  
Setting Up and Connecting NetTool  
Introduction  
Configuring NetTool  
This chapter shows you how to set up NetTool. Among  
the tasks covered are how to set NetTool’s date and time,  
how to configure its IP address information, and how to  
locate important information, such as the serial number.  
To configure NetTool, select the NetTool icon  
.
The NetTool menu is displayed:  
This chapter also shows you how to make a single-ended  
connection and an inline connection between NetTool  
and a network device.  
afq59s.bmp  
Figure 2-1. NetTool Menu  
Use this menu to access the tester’s setup menus, which  
are described in the following sections.  
2-1  
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
Adjust the display contrast.  
Select Contrast and then select to decrease the  
Changing the System Settings  
Select  
Settings to display the Settings menu:  
contrast or  
to increase the contrast.  
Set the time and date.  
To supply a date and time:  
1.  
In the first field, press the Up cor Down b  
arrow key to select the desired number.  
afq42s.bmp  
2. Press the Right ` arrow key to advance to  
the next position.  
Figure 2-2. Settings Menu  
On this menu, you can do the following:  
3. After the desired time and date are  
displayed, press SELECT.  
Check the battery level.  
If NetTool is running on battery power, the battery  
Notes  
level indicator  
is displayed at the top of every  
The format for time is  
Setup screen.  
hour:minutes:seconds. The format for  
the date is month:day:year.  
Select a unit of measurement (Feet or Meters).  
The clock does not self adjust for local  
time zones changes. NetTool Blaster  
allows you to set the time for NetTool  
and even synchronize it with the PC  
clock (check NetTool Blaster’s Help for  
details).  
Enable/disable the Auto Off feature.  
When Auto Off is enabled, NetTool automatically  
turns itself off if no key is pressed after 10 minutes  
elapses. This helps to conserve the tester’s battery  
power.  
2-2  
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Setting Up and Connecting NetTool  
Configuring NetTool  
2
Restore factory default settings.  
Select Restore Defaults to restore all of  
NetTool’s factory default settings.  
3. Press the Down b arrow key to highlight the  
address you want to configure (in this case  
NetTool), then press SELECT to display the Edit  
screen (Figure 2-3).  
Identifying Unwanted Protocols  
Select Unwanted Protocols to display a screen that  
allows you to identify protocols on the network that you  
want NetTool to warn you about. This feature can be  
especially helpful to you during a network-wide migration  
away from certain protocols. If NetTool sees a particular  
protocol, it reports it to you in the Problem Log.  
afq47s.bmp  
Manually Assigning NetTool an IP Address  
Figure 2-3. Edit Screen  
Notes  
By default, NetTool uses DHCP to obtain its IP  
address. If you have DHCP on your network, you  
can skip this section because no further  
configuration is required.  
Press the Up cor Down b arrow key to supply  
4.  
a number in the first field in the address. Then,  
press the Right ` arrow key to advance to the  
next position. Continue in this manner until the  
desired IP address is displayed.  
For manual configuration, make sure any IP  
address you assign to your NetTool is correct for  
the subnet you are on.  
To manually assign an IP address:  
1. Select IP Setup to display the IP Setup screen.  
2. Select Manual.  
2-3  
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
5. Press SELECT to save the IP address for NetTool.  
3. Do one of the following:  
NetTool lists the updated address with the subnet and  
router IP addresses.  
To add an IP address to the list, select Add New  
Device then add it to the list.  
6. In like manner, configure the subnet mask and router  
addresses.  
To edit an existing address, select it then change  
any of the octets within the address.  
NetTool assists you by entering the first parts of those  
addresses based on common addressing rules.  
Selecting a Language for the Display Screens  
To select a language for your display screens:  
Creating a List of IP Addresses to Ping  
1. Select Language.  
Select Ping List Editor to display a screen that lets you  
view, edit, or add to the lists of preset IP addresses that  
you previously downloaded using NetTool Toolkit.  
2. Choose the desired language.  
Obtaining Information about Your NetTool  
You can add IP addresses to an existing list or edit an  
existing IP address within a list.  
To view information about your tester, such as the  
software version, serial number, and MAC address, select  
About NetTool.  
To add or edit an IP address:  
Be sure to record the serial number and MAC address of  
your tester for future reference.  
1. Press an arrow key to move the cursor to the desired  
IP address.  
2. Press SELECT.  
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Setting Up and Connecting NetTool  
Connecting NetTool  
2
To connect the wiremap adapter:  
Connecting NetTool  
1. Plug one end of the cable into either RJ-45 jack on  
NetTool.  
NetTool has two RJ-45 jacks, one on each side. Use the  
supplied RJ-45 cable to connect a patch cable to NetTool  
and to create a single-ended or inline connection.  
2. Attach the wiremap adapter (supplied) to the far end  
of the cable.  
NetTool also has a serial port, which enables you to  
directly connect the tester to a PC.  
You can now run AutoTest (See “Running AutoTest”  
in Chapter 3).  
Connecting a Patch Cable  
You can use NetTool to test the quality of the patch cables  
you will use. If you also attach the (supplied) wiremap  
adapter, you can verify pin-to-pin connectivity from the  
near end to the far end of the cable.  
Single-Ended Connection  
A single-ended connection entails plugging NetTool  
directly into a wall jack or into a network device, such as a  
printer, hub, or PC.  
To connect a patch cable:  
To connect, refer to Figures 2-4 and 2-5 and do the  
following:  
1. Plug one end of the cable into either RJ-45 jack on  
NetTool.  
1. Plug one end of an RJ-45 cable into a wall jack  
(Figure 2-4) or a single network device, such as a  
hub, PC, server, or printer.  
2. Plug the other end of the cable into the other RJ-45  
jack.  
You can now run AutoTest (see “Running AutoTest” in  
Chapter 3).  
2. Plug the other end of the cable into either RJ-45 jack  
on NetTool.  
You can now run AutoTest (see “Running AutoTest”  
in Chapter 3).  
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NetTool  
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Figure 2-4 shows a single-ended connection to a wall jack.  
Figure 2-5 shows NetTool connected to a PC.  
ahn308f.eps  
ahn316f.eps  
Figure 2-4. Single-Ended Connection into a Wall Jack.  
Figure 2-5. Single-Ended Connection to a PC.  
Use this type of connection when you need to check a  
network drop for activity and to find out what services lie  
on the other side. When connected in similar fashion to a  
hub or switch, NetTool can simulate a PC and perform  
tests like Ping.  
Use this type of connection when you want to determine  
whether a PC is properly configured to take advantage of  
network resources.  
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Setting Up and Connecting NetTool  
Connecting NetTool  
2
2. Plug a second RJ-45 cable into the network. Plug the  
other end of the cable into the available RJ-45 jack on  
NetTool.  
Inline Connection  
An inline connection entails having NetTool  
simultaneously plugged in between two network devices,  
such between as a PC or a PoE-powered device and a  
network switch. Use this type of connection to verify  
whether the device can communicate properly with the  
network.  
Caution  
When operating inline with a POE-powered  
device connected to NetTool, make sure that  
NetTool is not plugged into the AC adapter or  
into a serial device that is grounded or  
damage may occur to the equipment.  
ahn312f.eps  
Figure 2-6. Inline Connection between a PC  
and the Network  
To make an inline connection, refer to Figure 2-6 and do  
the following:  
Note  
1. Plug one end of the supplied RJ-45 cable into the  
device. Plug the other end of the cable into either RJ-  
45 jack on NetTool.  
NetTool must sense traffic on the network or the  
device so that it can supply protocol or health  
information.  
You can now run AutoTest (see “Running AutoTest” in  
Chapter 3).  
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NetTool  
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To connect NetTool, use the supplied serial cable. As  
shown in Figure 2-7, connect one end of the cable to the  
serial port on the PC and the other end to the serial port  
on the right side of NetTool.  
Serial Port Connection  
Note  
The recommended speed setting for the serial  
port is 115200.  
A serial port connection enables you to:  
Download software (see “Updating the Software”)  
Enable options  
Save screens  
Upload and download PING catalogs  
Upload Report data.  
ahn019f.eps  
Use the Link Utility programs supplied on the CD-ROM  
(see “PC/NetTool Link Utility Programs”).  
Figure 2-7. Connecting NetTool to the Serial Port  
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Chapter 3  
AutoTest  
The AutoTest screen (Figure 3-1) is displayed.  
AutoTest flashes to indicate that the tester is ready to  
Introduction  
run a test:  
AutoTest provides a good starting point for trying to  
determine what devices are on your network and for  
making a quick assessment of your network’s overall  
condition. Results from AutoTest can alert you to  
connectivity problems before they impact network  
performance. This chapter shows you how to run  
AutoTest and describes the results this test provides.  
ahn13s.bmp  
Running AutoTest  
Figure 3-1. AutoTest Screen  
To run AutoTest:  
3. Press SELECT.  
1. Connect NetTool, using one of the connection  
schemes documented under “Connecting NetTool” in  
Chapter 2.  
NetTool searches both RJ-45 connections to  
determine what it is connected to. Upon completion,  
a connection diagram is displayed.  
2. Turn on the tester.  
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Wiremap  
Cable Test Results  
If a wiremap is attached, select (Wiremap icon).  
If NetTool is connected to a patch cable, AutoTest  
evaluates the integrity of the cable and finds errors that  
might suggest a physical media problem. If a wiremap  
adapter is attached, NetTool performs deeper testing of  
the cable by additionally verifying pin-to-pin connectivity.  
The Crossover Cable screen (Figure 3-3) is displayed,  
which verifies the length of the cable and identifies the  
pinouts at each end:  
Cable Length, Opens, Shorts, and Splits  
To find out about the cable, move the cursor to the Spool  
icon, then press SELECT.  
The Cable screen is displayed, as shown in Figure 3-2:  
afq34s.bmp  
Figure 3-3. Wiremap Details  
afq32s.bmp  
Figure 3-2. Cable Status Screen  
On this screen, NetTool accurately measures wire lengths  
within the cable and indicates whether there are any  
opens, shorts, or split pairs present.  
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AutoTest  
Running AutoTest  
3
Single-Ended AutoTest Results  
AutoTest result screens vary depending on the device that  
NetTool is connected to.  
Token Ring: indicates the presence of a Token  
Ring network.  
Note  
This results described in this section are provided  
as examples of what information NetTool  
provides.  
Ethernet: tells you if the jack is hot and what is on the  
other end (for example, a hub or a switch). It also  
provides the speed and duplex setting, level, polarity,  
and the segment ID so you can pick the right network  
to hook up to a PC (if there are multiple jacks).  
Network Drop  
If NetTool is connected to a network drop, it displays one  
of the following icons to identify the service that is active  
on the jack:  
No Response: A dangling, flashing power cord  
indicates that NetTool senses an Ethernet device but  
the device is not responding. This usually means that  
the device is powered off.  
Telco: shows the tip and ring pins (in the case of  
voice being carried on an RJ-45 cable).  
Caution  
Although NetTool can detect Telco signals, it  
is not designed to be used on the public  
telephone network. Disconnect immediately.  
NetTool cannot reliably discover Telco  
information with the AC adapter or serial  
cable connected. It also detects ISDN signals  
but cannot reliably detect the S/T interface.  
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Table 3-1 lists the devices and services that NetTool  
discovers.  
Network Device  
If NetTool is connected to a single network device (printer,  
hub, or a PC), a diagram similar to that shown in Figure 3-  
4 is displayed:  
Table 3-1. Services NetTool Discovers  
Device  
Services  
Note  
Servers  
IP Servers (IP services discovered):  
DHCP, DNS, email (SMTP, POP, IMAP),  
Web (HTTP, HTTP proxy), WINS.  
In the diagram below, the PC icon represents the  
single device be it a phone, printer, or PC.  
NetWare Servers (IPX service types):  
Nearest File Server, File Server, NetWare  
Access server, Time Synchronization  
Server, NetWare Directory Server (NDS),  
NetWare Management Server.  
ahn317s.eps  
Figure 3-4. Diagram of NetTool Connected to a PC  
NetBIOS Servers: Primary Domain  
controllers, Backup Domain controllers,  
Master Browsers.  
Select the PC icon  
to find out more about the  
connected device. Go to Chapter 4 “Troubleshooting a  
Network Device”.  
Routers  
Printers  
IP Routers: RIP, IGRP, EIGRP, OSPF,  
IRDP, RIP2  
IPX routers: RIP  
IP Printers – IP Printers, IP Print Spoolers  
IPX Printers - IPX Print services  
DLC Printers - Microsoft DLC, HP DLC  
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AutoTest  
Running AutoTest  
3
This screen reflects NetTool’s connection to devices.  
Inline AutoTest Results  
The diagrams at the top of the screen can give you a quick  
indication of what is going on with your network.  
Note that the duplex settings and link speeds are  
underscored. The underscore signifies a determined or  
negotiated result while the non-underlined value signifies  
the advertised value.  
Inline between a Device and the Network  
Caution  
The diagram also indicates the duplex settings (see Table  
3-2) for each device. Duplex mismatches can cause  
communication between devices to be impeded.  
When operating inline with a POE-powered  
device connected to NetTool, make sure that  
NetTool is not plugged into the AC adapter or  
into a serial device that is grounded or  
damage may occur to the equipment.  
Table 3-2. Duplex Settings  
Symbol  
Meaning  
If NetTool is connected inline between a device and the  
network, a diagram similar to that shown in Figure 3-5 is  
displayed at the top of the screen:  
Full Duplex  
Half Duplex  
ahn020s.eps  
Figure 3-5. Diagram of an Inline Connection  
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Polarity information is also given. The waveform-shaped  
icons used in the diagram are listed in Table 3-3.  
Under the NetTool icon  
information for the cables connected to NetTool. For  
example:  
, you can also obtain status  
Table 3-3. Link and Polarity Level  
Indicator  
Definition  
Normal level, normal polarity  
ahn235f.eps  
Normal level, reverse polarity  
Low level, normal polarity  
The tester detects whether the cables are straight or  
swapped. If it sees a swap cable problem, it swaps the  
cables internally, allowing you to troubleshoot past a  
simple swap cable problem.  
Low level, reverse polarity. Link level is  
displayed by the height of the waveform.  
The LEDs on either side of NetTool indicate the status and  
utilization of the link and whether NetTool discovers any  
errors.  
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AutoTest  
Running AutoTest  
3
To get detailed results, move the cursor to one of the  
following icons then press SELECT:  
PC icon  
: enables you to view results for the  
device. Go to Chapter 4 “Troubleshooting a  
Network Device” for details.  
Network icon  
network results. Go to Chapter 5  
: enables you to view  
ahn311s.bmp  
“Troubleshooting Networks” for details.  
Figure 3-6. Inline Connection Between a PoE-Powered  
Device and the Network  
You can view additional results by selecting items from the  
Main menu below the diagram.  
The diagram in Figure 3-6 also shows the speed of the  
link. Icons represent duplex settings (see Table 3-2) and  
link and polarity levels (see Table 3-3). Status information  
is displayed in the area below “AutoTest”.  
Inline between a PoE Powered Device and the  
Network  
During AutoTest, NetTool checks for a network on one  
side and an Ethernet termination on the other. If this  
configuration is found, the sides are connected together  
for up to 20 seconds while NetTool searches for a link  
pulse. This enables an Ethernet-powered device to power  
up and source link to complete the connection.  
To get detailed results on the network, select the Network  
icon  
.
For VoIP-specific information, see Chapter 7 “Verifying  
Voice over IP Service”.  
If NetTool is connected between a PoE-powered device  
and the network, a diagram similar to the one shown in  
Figure 3-6 is displayed.  
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NetTool  
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Chapter 4  
Troubleshooting a Network Device  
Introduction  
3. To get information about the device, press  
icon) in the connection diagram at the top of the  
screen.  
(PC  
NetTool can provide information that you can use to  
determine whether a device is configured properly for  
your network. After you have confidence that all of the  
stations and devices on your network are configured  
correctly, you can move on to evaluate the entire network.  
This chapter shows you how to resolve device and  
configuration problems.  
The Station menu (Figure 4-1) is displayed:  
Verifying a Device’s Configuration  
To find out whether a device is properly configured:  
afq16s.bmp  
1. Connect NetTool (see “Setting Up and Connecting  
NetTool” in Chapter 2).  
Figure 4-1. Station Menu  
2. Run AutoTest (see “Running AutoTest” in Chapter 3  
for details).  
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Five basic types of information about the device or  
network can be selected from this menu:  
Viewing Link Status Information  
To view information about the cable and status of the  
connection, display the Link Config screen (Figure 4-2):  
Link Config: provides link pulse information. If  
the VoIP option is installed, you can also find out  
PoE voltage and pair information.  
Health: lets you monitor frames and view errors  
that may indicate problems on the device or  
network.  
ahn23s.bmp  
Protocols: displays the protocols running on the  
device or network.  
Figure 4-2. Link Configuration Details  
Addresses Used: enables you to verify a  
devices’ IP address information, find out what  
VLAN a device belongs to, and obtain CDP  
(Cisco Discovery Protocol) information.  
On this screen, NetTool identifies the wire pair it is  
connected to and reports the duplex, level, and polarity of  
the signal (see Table 3-3 for descriptions of the icons  
used). This information can help you troubleshoot poor  
quality in a connection.  
Servers Used: lists the servers that the device is  
using.  
The actual and advertised speeds of the link are also  
given. Monitoring this information can help you anticipate  
possible performance and connectivity problems.  
4. To select an item, move the cursor to its name, then  
press SELECT.  
If the VoIP (Voice over IP) option is installed, this screen  
gives you PoE (Power over Ethernet) measurements. It  
displays the output power and line voltage information for  
the wire pairs.  
The following sections describe the detailed  
information you can obtain about your network.  
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Troubleshooting a Network Device  
Verifying a Device’s Configuration  
4
The Health screen shown in Figure 4-3 displays  
Checking Frames for Errors  
cumulative activity since you last ran AutoTest. You may  
also want take a look at what is going on now and  
simultaneously view the health of frames on both sides of  
a connection.  
To find out how many frames have been transmitted and  
whether any errors were discovered in those frames,  
display the Health screen (Figure 4-3):  
To do this:  
1. Select Toolkit from the Main menu.  
2. From the Toolkit menu, select Health to display the  
screen shown in Figure 4-4:  
afq35s.bmp  
Figure 4-3. Health Details  
This screen enables you to look at the status of frames  
transmitted across the link since AutoTest began. As you  
can see, NetTool provides a breakout of the types of  
errors it discovers. These detailed error statistics can help  
you isolate device- and network-related problems.  
afq08s.bmp  
Figure 4-4. Health Statistics  
3. To change the view, move the cursor to Util or Bcast,  
then press SELECT.  
For example, selecting Util changes the view to  
broadcast traffic, collision levels, or errors coming  
from either device to which NetTool is connected.  
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4. To change what NetTool is viewing in real-time and to  
change the direction (that is, “to/from Network” or  
“to/from PC”), move the cursor to the desired device  
icon (located in the upper right or left). Then press  
SELECT.  
6. To change how the data is expressed (in “per  
seconds” or as a percentage of current activity), move  
the cursor to the reading below a meter then press  
SELECT  
Note  
Use this information to make comparisons. For  
example, you may see a high percentage of network  
utilization and observe that the PC is also registering  
high utilization.  
If you exit the Health screen and return later  
without powering off the tester, NetTool  
displays the last-saved settings. If you power  
off NetTool while viewing the Health screen,  
readings are not saved. Display the Setup  
screen and select Restore Defaults to  
restore the factory settings.  
5. To segment what the PC is doing to contribute to a  
high utilization statistic (for example, broadcasts),  
move the cursor to Util then press SELECT.  
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Troubleshooting a Network Device  
Verifying a Device’s Configuration  
4
The network icon  
appears next to the name of  
Tracking Protocols  
a protocol group to indicate that there are protocols of  
that type running on the network. Note that some  
Note  
protocols also display the PC icon  
that NetTool sees them on both the PC and the  
network sides.  
, which means  
You can also view protocol information by  
selecting Protocols from the Main menu.  
To find out what protocols are associated with a device or  
running on the network, do the following:  
2. To view detailed information for a particular protocol  
group, move the cursor to its name, then press  
SELECT.  
1. Display the Protocols screen (Figure 4-5):  
For example, if you select IP Protocols, the IP  
Protocols screen (Figure 4-6) is displayed:  
afq20s.bmp  
Figure 4-5. Protocols Screen  
ahn15s.bmp  
The Protocols screen lists groups of protocols  
present on the network. This information can help you  
find out if there are any protocol configuration  
mismatches. See Table 3-1 for a list of the protocols  
that NetTool can discover.  
Figure 4-6. IP Protocols Screen  
All of the IP protocols NetTool sees are listed on this  
screen.  
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2. CDP (Cisco Discovery Protocol) information, if found,  
is also given on this screen. Press the Down b  
arrow key to locate the CDP section, as shown in  
Figure 4-8:  
Obtaining a Device’s IP Address Information  
To obtain IP address information for a device, do the  
following:  
1. Select Addresses Used to display the following:  
ahn323s.bmp  
ahn25s.bmp  
Figure 4-8. CDP Information  
Figure 4-7. Addresses Used Screen  
CDP information is reported for the most recently  
received CDP advertisement on that side. This  
information is updated every two seconds.  
The Addresses Used screen enables you to verify a  
devices’ IP address information. This screen also  
displays the best-discovered name for the device as  
well as its IP, IPX, and MAC address.  
When plugged into a switch VLAN port, information  
for Native VLAN and Appliance (phone) VLAN are  
also given.  
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Troubleshooting a Network Device  
Verifying a Device’s Configuration  
4
3. You can also find out what VLAN a device belongs to.  
Press the Down b arrow key to locate VLAN  
statistics, as shown in Figure 4-9:  
Identifying Network Resources  
To find out what network resources are being used, select  
Servers Used to display the Servers Used screen (Figure  
4-10):  
ahn322s.bmp  
ahn14s.bmp  
Figure 4-9. VLAN Information  
Figure 4-10. Servers Used Screen  
NetTool can provide information for up to five  
discovered VLANS. This screen shows the VLAN’s  
ID, its priority, frame counts, and the untagged frame  
count. This information is updated every two  
seconds.  
This screen lists all servers, routers and printers that are  
attached to the network by name or IP address, along with  
MAC (Media Access Control) address, services provided  
and encapsulation methods used.  
You can monitor VLANs during a VoIP call to see  
which ones are being used (see entries in the “VoIP  
Logs” in Appendix B).  
Network resources can include the following: HTTP,  
SMTP, POP, WINS, Nearest NetWare, DHCP and DNS  
servers, CDP and VLAN, as well as the router gateway.  
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Chapter 5  
Troubleshooting Networks  
Introduction  
The Network menu (Figure 5-1) is displayed:  
The information documented in this chapter can help you  
evaluate the health of your network and assist you with  
troubleshooting network problems.  
NetTool features a Ping test, which is described in this  
chapter. Use this test to verify connectivity between  
devices on the network.  
ahn200s.bmp  
Figure 5-1. Network Menu  
Finding Out About Your Network  
To obtain information about the network NetTool is  
plugged into, do the following:  
1. Run Autotest (see “AutoTest” in Chapter 3 for  
details).  
2. To view details about the network, press  
(Network icon).  
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Four basic functional groups of information about the  
network are listed on this menu:  
Identifying the Network Type  
To identify the type of network you are connected to,  
select Segment ID to display the Segment ID screen  
(Figure 5-2):  
Link Config: provides link pulse information  
about the network. See “Viewing Link Status  
Information” in Chapter 4 for details.  
Health: lets you monitor frames and view errors  
that indicate problems on the link. See “Checking  
Frames for Errors” in Chapter 4 for details.  
Protocols: displays the protocols running on the  
network. See “Tracking Protocols” in Chapter 4  
for details.  
ahn319s.bmp  
Figure 5-2. Segment ID Screen  
This screen gives you specific details about the  
connection. It not only tells you the type of network  
NetTool is plugged into but also identifies the port number.  
Because not all wall plate connectors are labeled, this  
information can be especially useful for troubleshooting;  
that is, when a plate includes multiple jacks and you need  
to find out which connection is which.  
Segment ID: tells you what type of network you  
are plugged into. If there are multiple Ethernet  
drops, this screen can help you decide which jack  
to use for the correct configuration. See  
“Identifying the Network Type” in this chapter.  
3. To select an item, move the cursor to its name, then  
press SELECT.  
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Troubleshooting Networks  
Finding Out About Your Network  
5
This screen also tells you which VLAN NetTool is  
connected to. If CDP information is found, it is also  
reported on this screen.  
Use this information to verify whether a device is seen  
on the network. If there is a configuration problem,  
this list can help you pinpoint where the problem  
exists.  
Note  
NetTool always attempts to display the highest level  
address possible for a device, be it a NetBIOS name,  
DNS name, IP address or Mac address. This helps  
you determine which services or servers exist on the  
network.  
The Segment ID screen is identical to the  
Addresses Used screen documented in Chapter  
4. For information on VLANs and CDP, see  
“Obtaining a Device’s IP Address Information” in  
Chapter 4.  
2. Select any key device to view specific information (for  
example, its IP address and subnet mask).  
Identifying Key Devices  
To find out what servers, routers, and printers are  
available on the network segment, do the following:  
1. From the Main menu, select Key Devices to display  
the Key Devices screen (Figure 5-3):  
afq13s.bmp  
Figure 5-3. Key Devices Screen  
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If you need to manually assign an IP address, go to  
“Manually Assigning NetTool an IP Address” in Chapter 2  
for instructions. When manually configuring the tester’s IP  
address, make sure that the address you assign is correct  
for the subnet you are in.  
Ping  
NetTool can automatically ping any single device on your  
network or a group consisting of up to 10 devices.  
Ping provides instant information about how a network  
device is connected and how it is acting on your local  
segment, making it easier for you to pinpoint connectivity  
problems. This section shows you how to set up and use  
the Ping utility.  
Pinging a Single Device  
To ping one device, do the following:  
1. From the Main menu select Toolkit.  
Notes  
2. Select Ping to display the Ping screen (Figure 5-4):  
The Ping option only works in single-ended  
mode. If you want to ping and are in inline  
mode, the following symbol is displayed:  
. Disconnect one of the RJ-45  
cables from NetTool and then rerun  
AutoTest.  
afq41s.bmp  
To use all of the functions of Ping, make  
sure that you install NetTool Toolkit on your  
PC so that NetTool can communicate with  
your PC through the serial port connection.  
Figure 5-4. Ping Screen  
Assigning an IP Address to NetTool  
To run Ping, your NetTool must have a valid IP address.  
By default, NetTool uses DHCP to configure itself.  
Therefore, if you have DHCP on your network, you do not  
need to configure NetTool’s IP address.  
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Troubleshooting Networks  
Ping  
5
3. Do one of the following:  
After your lists are uploaded, NetTool displays them in the  
Ping Catalog under the group names you assigned.  
Select the IP address of the device from the list.  
To ping a group, do the following:  
OR  
1. Select Ping Catalog from the Toolkit menu to display  
the Ping Catalog screen.  
Select Add New Device to display the Edit  
screen. On this screen, supply the IP address of  
the device then select Update.  
2. Move the cursor to the desired catalog, as illustrated  
in Figure 5-5, then press SELECT.  
NetTool pings the device and automatically adds its  
address to a running list (up to 10) of recently pinged  
devices. If there are more than 10 addresses in the  
list, the oldest address is deleted to make room for  
the most recent addition.  
Pinging Multiple Devices  
afq45s.bmp  
Ping Catalog lets you create groups of IP addresses that  
reflect your network configurations. For example, you can  
make a group of IP addresses that reflect your Marketing  
group or Customer Support group. After you create a  
group, you can simultaneously ping all of the devices in  
the group.  
Figure 5-5. Ping Catalog Screen  
The list of IP addresses in the selected group is  
displayed. A status icon (see Table 5-1 for  
descriptions) appears to the left of the catalog’s  
name.  
To create the groups, you need to use NetTool Toolkit, the  
PC-based software located on the CD-ROM that comes  
with NetTool. See the online Help for the NetTool Toolkit  
to learn how to set up and upload your groups of IP  
addresses.  
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Table 5-1. Ping Status Icons  
Meaning  
3. To view results for a particular IP address, move the  
cursor to the address, then press SELECT.  
Status  
Icon  
The Ping Results screen (Figure 5-6) for your  
selection is displayed:  
Running  
Ping Complete  
Problem with the ping. Corresponds with  
the severity level of problems.  
Low severity: one packet lost.  
afq50s.bmp  
Medium severity: two packets lost.  
Figure 5-6. Ping Results Screen  
High severity: three packets lost or the  
device was not found.  
4. To ping the list of IP addresses again, move the  
cursor to the name of the catalog, then select  
Restart.  
Note  
If you need to edit a list of IP addresses, see  
“Creating a List of IP Addresses to Ping” in  
Chapter 2.  
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Chapter 6  
Common Problems  
Introduction  
Displaying the Problem Log  
The Problem Log includes a listing of all problems that  
NetTool detected from the physical layer to application  
layer. Not every problem contained in this log is at the  
same level of severity; therefore, just because a problem  
is listed here does not imply that it is a catastrophic one.  
For example, Unwanted Protocols are included in this log,  
but they are not a major impediment to the operation of a  
PC on the network.  
To display the Problem Log:  
From the Main menu, select Problems as shown in  
Figure 6-1:  
This chapter shows you how to access the Problem Log  
and lists the problems that NetTool detects. Possible  
causes and remedies for the problems are provided.  
afq18s.bmp  
Figure 6-1. Main Menu Showing Problems Selected  
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The Problem Log (Figure 6-2) is displayed:  
Table 6-1 lists the types of problems you can see and their  
associated icons.  
Table 6-1. Elements of the Problem Log  
Element  
Description  
Connectivity  
afq60s.bmp  
Type of  
Problem  
Naming  
Health  
Server  
Host  
Figure 6-2. Problem Log  
Link  
Understanding the Problem Log Display  
Configuration  
Network  
There are nine types of problems listed in the Problem  
Log. Each type of problem has an icon associated with it.  
For example, a stethoscope  
is used to identify health-  
Cable  
related problems. As you become more familiar with using  
the log, you will learn which icon is associated with a  
particular type of problem.  
Problem  
Severity  
Categorized by three levels of severity:  
Low Medium High  
Problems are also categorized by severity. A single  
exclamation mark ( ) indicates a low level of severity,  
Problem ID A unique identifier that enables you to  
reference the problem.  
while two ( ) and three (  
) exclamation marks indicate  
Problem  
Text  
Provides a short description of the  
problem.  
a moderate and high level of severity, respectively.  
Each problem listed has a unique problem ID and a short  
description of the problem that was found.  
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Common Problems  
Problems NetTool Detects  
6
Things to Consider  
Problems NetTool Detects  
You can think of problems fitting into one of two  
categories: link connectivity or network. Link connectivity  
problems relate to cabling or cabling properties while  
network problems involve PC/network configuration  
settings or PC-to-server interactions.  
This section lists by category the problems that NetTool  
can detect. For each problem, an explanation (if needed)  
is given and possible corrective steps are provided.  
Every network is complex and the solutions given are  
meant to assist you with troubleshooting. This is not an  
exhaustive troubleshooting guide.  
Generally, you encounter network problems while setting  
up or changing a PC’s connection to the network. These  
types of problems can often be resolved by checking the  
network settings on the PC.  
Link Connectivity Problems  
The problems listed in this section involve cabling or  
cabling properties.  
With a single-ended connection, NetTool can only report  
Unwanted Protocols and link connectivity level problems.  
An inline connection is required for all other problems. The  
different types of connections are discussed in Chapter 2.  
Problem: Speed mismatch  
Explanation: The network is running at 10 Mbps and  
the PC is running at 100 Mbps (or vice versa). This  
speed mismatch prevents connection to the network.  
NetTool enables you to see on which side the problem  
exists; that is, whether it is a problem between the PC and  
NetTool or whether it is between NetTool and the network  
itself. Whether it is a cabling problem or a protocol  
mismatch, NetTool helps you isolate a problem and keep  
things running.  
Remedy: Correct the speed mismatch by making  
sure both devices are running at the same speed.  
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Problem: Pair mismatch  
Problem: Level low  
Explanation: The link pulse is being sourced on the  
same wire pair by both sides. This problem does not  
prevent connection to the network. NetTool  
Explanation: The link pulse detected from a device is  
low. This can negatively affect performance.  
automatically swaps the pairs to correct this problem.  
Remedy: Replace the NIC card or change the  
hub/switch ports. This problem can also be caused by  
excessive cable attenuation.  
Remedy: Check the cabling. It may be plugged into  
an uplink port. Also, there may be a crossover cable  
between NetTool and the device.  
Problem: Transmit pair open  
Problem: Duplex mismatch  
Explanation: The wire pair used to transmit (1,2 or  
3,6) has an open. This problem prevents connection  
to the network.  
Explanation: One side is running at half duplex and  
the other side is running at full duplex. This mismatch  
prevents connection to the network.  
Remedy: Isolate the cable and replace it.  
Remedy: Reconfigure the devices so the duplex  
settings match.  
Problem: Polarity reversed  
Explanation: The polarity of the detected link pulse is  
reversed.  
Remedy: This is most likely due to a reversed pair.  
Check cabling to ensure that the pairing is correct.  
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Common Problems  
Problems NetTool Detects  
6
Problem: Excessive utilization seen (also collisions).  
Network Problems  
This section lists all of the network problems. Keep in mind  
that this is not an exhaustive list of troubleshooting steps.  
If you know what you need, the network administrator for  
the network you are troubleshooting can provide you with  
a lot of information to correct these problems.  
Explanation: Excessive utilization/collisions is  
defined as a collision rate of greater than 5 percent or  
a utilization rate of greater than 70 percent.  
Remedy: If this problem exists everywhere on the  
network, it is most likely caused by excessive traffic. If  
it is isolated to a single PC, you can suspect cabling.  
Health Problems  
Problem: Short Frames received (also jabber/FCS).  
For collisions, suspect excessive traffic. Reduce traffic  
on the network. Check cabling. Change the NIC card  
or switch/hub port.  
Explanation: A short frame is a frame that is smaller  
than the minimum legal size (less than 64 bytes after  
the preamble) with a good frame check sequence.  
Jabber is defined as frames longer than the maximum  
legal size (greater than 1518 bytes). Frame Check  
Sequence (FCS) Bad means that the header  
information is probably correct, but the checksum  
calculated by the receiving station does not match the  
checksum appended to the end of the frame.  
For utilization, reduce the number of stations in the  
collision domain. Install a switch. Use a tool like the  
OptiView™ Network Analyzer, Etherscope™ Network  
Assistant, or OptiView™ Console to determine the top  
contributors to further segment this network.  
Remedy: Check the NIC card or NIC driver file. This  
problem can also be caused by cabling or grounding  
problems.  
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Problem: No nearest server replies seen on network.  
NetWare  
Problem: Ethernet frame-type mismatches.  
Explanation: After a PC boots up, it sends a  
broadcast to initiate a connection with the closest  
server. If after three attempts there is no response,  
this problem is listed in the log.  
Explanation: For the PC and network to  
communicate, they both must be configured for the  
same frame type (802.3-raw, 802.2, Ethernet II, and  
SNAP). You can configure a client for a single frame  
type. A server can optionally be configured to  
recognize some or all frame types.  
Remedy: Ensure that GNS (Get Nearest Server) is  
enabled on the server and check connectivity to  
routers by doing an IPX ping. Check the Key Devices  
list. If the routers are listed, NetTool is seeing the  
routers, but the PC is not. You might suspect a bad  
NIC card or NIC card configuration file.  
Remedy: Use NetTool to determine the frame types  
used. If the client is suspected, determine the frame  
type of the client. Determine the frame types enabled  
on the server.  
Problem: No first responder seen on network. Unable  
to configure PC network number.  
Explanation: During boot up, a PC running IPX  
sends a query to the router asking for its network  
number. If there is no response after three queries,  
this problem is listed in the log.  
Remedy: Check connectivity from the PC to the  
network drop.  
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Common Problems  
Problems NetTool Detects  
6
Problem: Duplicate IP detected.  
Explanation: NetTool has detected a duplicate IP  
TCP/IP  
Problem: PC using incorrect IP subnet mask.  
address configured on a remote device. You should  
never have duplicate IPs running on the network. This  
problem prevents the PC from connecting to the  
network until it is resolved.  
Explanation: NetTool has determined that the PC is  
not properly configured.  
Remedy: Access PC network properties and correct  
the IP subnet mask.  
Remedy: Identify at least one of the devices and  
change its address to a valid one that is not being  
used.  
Problem: Router issued ICMP redirect. Hosts or  
devices using incorrect gateway/routers.  
Host Configuration  
Explanation: NetTool has determined that the PC is  
not properly configured.  
Problem: BootP/DHCP server not responding.  
Remedy: Access PC network properties and correct  
the IP address. You should also make sure that the  
DHCP server is giving the correct addresses.  
Explanation: The PC is dynamically configured to  
find DHCP servers and none are found.  
Remedy: Check the router and the DHCP server itself  
to make sure that they are running. Either could be  
misconfigured. Check connectivity to the DHCP  
server.  
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Problem: DHCP server issuing IP address that  
causes duplicate IP on network.  
Problem: DNS resolution failed.  
Explanation: There are multiple DNS servers on the  
Explanation: The DHCP server in question is not  
network and the PC is configured for the wrong one.  
detecting an address and is provisioning a duplicate.  
Remedy: Find out the correct DNS information.  
Access the PC’s network properties and configure the  
PC with that information.  
Remedy: This problem can be caused by a statically  
configured PC. Find the statically configured PC on  
the network and changes its IP address to a valid and  
unique IP address. Merging two unique networks into  
one can lead to this type of problem. The problem can  
also point to an issue with a DHCP server or an  
implementation bug.  
Problem: WINS resolution failed.  
Explanation: The DNS server cannot determine the  
NetBIOS names.  
Remedy: You can manually fix this problem in the  
DNS configuration section of network properties.  
Name Resolution  
Problem: No DNS server found on network to resolve  
names.  
Problem: Incorrect WINS server xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx  
configured on PC.  
Explanation: The PC is configured to use DNS  
(Domain Name Server) and none can be found.  
Explanation: There are multiple WINS servers on the  
network and the PC is configured for the wrong one.  
Remedy: Make sure that the DNS server is up and  
running. Access the PC’s network properties and  
make sure that the settings are correct.  
Remedy: Find out the correct WINS information.  
Access the PC’s network properties and configure the  
PC with that information.  
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Common Problems  
Problems NetTool Detects  
6
Problem: No WINS server found on network to  
resolve names.  
NetBIOS  
Problem: Incorrect Workgroup or Domain configured  
on PC.  
Explanation: The PC is configured to use WINS  
(Windows Internet Name Service) and none can be  
found.  
Explanation: There are specific names and privileges  
needed for access to domains or workgroups. The  
name is not correctly configured or privileges are not  
set up.  
Remedy: Make sure the WINS server is up and  
running. Access the PC’s network properties.  
Remedy: Determine what domain names and  
privileges are required and correct the PC’s  
configuration.  
Problem: PC WINS incorrect.  
Explanation: NetTool sees a WINS server on the  
network but it is not the one configured on the PC in  
question.  
Problem: Unable to find Primary Domain Controller  
(PDC) for network.  
Remedy: View the details of the WINS server by  
accessing the Key Devices list. Change the PC’s  
configuration to match.  
Explanation: These domain controllers act as  
gatekeepers for domain access. If one of them is not  
found on the network, no access can be granted.  
Remedy: Various  
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NetTool  
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Problem: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx causing duplicate NetBIOS  
name.  
Email  
Problem: Unable to connect to SMTP mail server  
Explanation: Only one unique NetBIOS name is  
allowed on a domain.  
Explanation: The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol  
(SMTP) server information is either not configured or  
is not correctly configured on the PC. The server itself  
may be down as well.  
Remedy: The name specified on the PC needs to be  
changed to eliminate duplication.  
Remedy: Access NetTool’s Key Devices list to view  
information about this server and then make  
corrections within the mail setup area of the PC.  
Problem: PC involved in MB elections.  
Explanation: NetTool sees packets from the PC that  
are generating master browser elections on the  
network. This problem can be the source of excessive  
traffic and slow performance.  
Problem: Unable to connect to POP2 server  
Explanation: The PC cannot find the POP2 server it  
is configured to find. The server itself may be down as  
well.  
Remedy: Take preventive measures within the PC’s  
configuration to stop the PC from generating Master  
Browser elections.  
Remedy: Access NetTool’s Key Devices list to view  
information about this server and then make  
corrections within the mail setup area of the PC.  
Web  
Problem: Unable to connect to HTTP/proxy server  
Explanation: The standard proxy port is 1080. The  
HTTP port is 80 on the server.  
Remedy: Correct the naming or port assignments in  
the setup area of the web browser software.  
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Common Problems  
Problems NetTool Detects  
6
Problem: Unable to connect to POP3 server  
Printer  
Problem: Unable to connect to IP print spool server  
Explanation: The PC cannot find the POP3 server it  
is configured to find. The server itself may be down as  
well.  
Explanation: NetTool is detecting that the PC is not  
able to connect to the configured IP printer server.  
The server itself may be down as well.  
Remedy: Access NetTool’s Key Devices list to view  
information about this server and then make  
corrections within the mail setup area of the PC.  
Remedy: Access NetTool’s Key Devices list to view  
a list of IP printers and correct the problem in the  
printer setup area on the PC.  
Problem: Unable to connect to IMAP server  
Problem: Unable to connect to IP print spooler  
Explanation: The PC cannot find the IMAP server it  
is configured to find. The server itself may be down as  
well.  
Explanation: The print spooler configuration on the  
PC is either not correct or the spooler itself is down or  
offline.  
Remedy: The IMAP server information is either not  
configured or is not correctly configured on the PC.  
Access NetTool’s Key Devices list to view  
information about this server.  
Remedy: Check the spooler itself and then access  
NetTool’s Key Devices list to view a list of IP devices  
and correct the problem in the printer setup area on  
the PC.  
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Unwanted protocols (when enabled)  
The purpose of the Unwanted Protocols feature is to  
enable you to find protocols that you do not want on the  
network. For example, if you have migrated away from  
NetWare on the network, NetTool will flag a device that  
still has NetWare configured on it.  
Problem: NetBEUI detected  
Problem: WINs detected  
Problem: NetWare detected  
Problem: MB (master browser) election detected  
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Chapter 7  
Verifying Voice over IP Service  
Introduction  
Running AutoTest  
With the VoIP (Voice over IP) option enabled, you can  
use NetTool to verify VoIP service on a link. NetTool can  
track SCCP/SIP call control and measure RTP quality of  
service. The VoIP Log and VoIP Monitor capture call  
transactions, providing you with a step-by-step record of  
major events so that you can troubleshoot problems with  
VoIP service.  
To begin testing, do the following:  
1. Connect NetTool inline between the network and a  
PoE-powered device (see “Inline Connection” in  
Chapter 2).  
Caution  
When operating inline with a POE-powered  
device connected to NetTool, make sure that  
NetTool is not plugged into the AC adapter or  
into a serial device that is grounded or  
damage may occur to the equipment.  
Note  
Keeping your NetTool updated ensures that you  
have access to new call control protocols as  
they become available. For update instructions,  
see “Updating NetTool’s Software” in Chapter 1.  
2. Run AutoTest (see” Running AutoTest” in Chapter 3).  
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Viewing PoE Voltage and Pair Information  
Viewing VLAN and CDP Information  
After you run AutoTest, you can obtain PoE voltage and  
pair information for the network or phone side. Do the  
following:  
NetTool reports VLAN information and CDP information (if  
found) for both the phone side and the network side.  
ƒ
To look at the phone side, select the PC icon  
.
1. Depending on which side you want to look at, select  
one of the following icons:  
Then on the Station menu, select Addresses Used.  
To look at the network side, select the Network icon  
. Then, on the Network menu, select Segment  
ID.  
PC icon:  
Network icon:  
.
The Addresses Used and Segment ID screens show the  
same VLAN and CDP information. See “Obtaining a  
Device’s IP Address Information” in Chapter 4 for a  
description of the information on these screens.  
The Station menu (PC icon) or Network menu  
(Network icon) is displayed.  
2. Select Link Config to display this screen:  
Both VLAN and CDP information is updated every two  
seconds. You can monitor VLANs during a call to see  
which ones are being used (see entries in the “VoIP Logs”  
in Appendix B).  
ahn201s.bmp  
Figure 7-1. Link Configuration Screen  
PoE voltage and pair information are displayed. This  
information is updated every two seconds.  
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Verifying Voice over IP Service  
The VoIP Log  
7
When plugged into a switch VLAN port, the native and  
appliance (phone) VLANs are also displayed along with  
the CDP information, as shown in Figure 7-2:  
During the boot process, the log captures the exchanges  
between the phone and the network. When the phone  
goes “off hook”, the boot information is cleared and  
transactions between the parties are recorded. Call quality  
and QoS statistics are logged for both sides.  
Figure 7-3 shows an example of a VoIP Log entry.  
Depending on the length of a call, the VoIP Log may have  
several pages of screens. To page up or down, press the  
Up or Down ab arrow keys.  
ahn320s.bmp  
Figure 7-2. VLAN Port Information  
The VoIP Log  
The VoIP Log is a per-call event log that records major  
SCCP/SIP and RTP events and measurements.  
ahn321s.bmp  
To access the log, do the following:  
Figure 7-3. VoIP Log  
1. From the Main menu, select VoIP/Toolkit.  
Appendix C contains sample SCCP and SIP boot and call  
logs. The logs are fully commented to give you idea of  
what happens during the boot process and while a call is  
in progress. You can also look at the parameters that are  
tracked from the start of a call until the far-end phone goes  
“on hook”.  
2. On the VoIP/Toolkit menu, select VoIP Log to  
display the VoIP Log screen.  
You can use the VoIP Log to watch events that occur as  
the phone boots up and subsequently to monitor a call that  
is in progress.  
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Table 7-1. VoIP Monitor RTP/RTCP Statistics  
Viewing Call Quality Measurements  
The VoIP Monitor tracks call quality (RTP data). To  
display the VoIP Monitor, do the following:  
Statistic  
Meaning  
RTP frm  
The number of RTP frames.  
1. From the Main menu, select VoIP/Toolkit.  
RTP drop  
The number of dropped RTP frames. An  
RTP frame is considered dropped when it  
does not arrive within 16 frames.  
2. On the VoIP/Toolkit menu, select VoIP Monitor to  
display the screen shown in Figure 7-4:  
RTP jttr  
The difference between the maximum and  
minimum frame inter-arrival time. This is  
an unbuffered measurement of the raw  
packet arrival times.  
ahn309s.bmp  
RTP seqEr The number of frames that arrived out of  
sequence but within the 16-frame-drop  
window.  
Figure 7-4. VoIP Monitor  
RTCP1 frm  
The number of RTP frames.  
The VoIP Monitor includes RTP statistics and RTCP  
information (when present) for both the phone side and  
the network side. You can view this data this while a call is  
in progress. Table 7-1 defines the RTP and RTCP  
statistics seen on this screen.  
RTCP1 drop The number of dropped packets as  
measured, post buffer, by the endpoint.  
RTCP1 jttr  
The amount of jitter as reported by the  
endpoint.  
1 RTCP is an optional control protocol that is sent from the RTP  
endpoints. It contains call quality information as reported by the  
two RTP endpoints involved in the conversation.  
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Chapter 8  
Creating and Managing Reports  
Introduction  
Before You Begin  
NetTool’s Reporter feature enables you to capture device  
and network configuration data and save that information  
in a report. You can create and save up to 10 reports.  
To take full advantage of Reporter, the PC you are using  
must be enabled to communicate properly with NetTool.  
Before you begin, make sure that you install and start  
NetTool Blaster and NetTool Toolkit. These programs are  
found on the CD that is packaged with NetTool. See  
“Installing and Running the Link Utilities” in Chapter 1 for  
instructions.  
Reporter helps you do the following:  
Document configurations for groups of users (for  
example, Customer Service, Marketing, and  
Technical Support)  
Escalate trouble tickets by documenting a problem  
device  
View and print data you gather related to setups,  
moves, adds, or changes.  
This chapter shows you how to create and manage your  
reports.  
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4. Move the cursor to an <empty> slot. Then, press  
SELECT to display a screen similar to that shown in  
Figure 8-2.  
Creating a Report  
Reporter enables you to create a report that reflects what  
NetTool currently detects on the PC (or another device)  
and/or the network.  
To create a report:  
1. Connect NetTool to the device you want to check  
and run AutoTest.  
afq53s.bmp  
Figure 8-2. Save Report Screen  
2. From the Main menu, select ToolKit.  
3. Move the cursor to Reporter, then press SELECT to  
display the Reporter Menu.  
5. To supply a name for the report:  
Note  
You can use up to 20 alphanumeric characters  
for the report name. Characters include spaces  
and special symbols, such as the period (.) and  
pound sign (#).  
afq52s.bmp  
a. Move the cursor to the Comment field.  
Figure 8-1. Reporter Menu  
b
arrow key to  
Press the Up or Down c  
supply value in the first position.  
b. Press the Right arrow key to move to the  
`
next position and supply a value there.  
Continue in this manner until the desired  
name of the report is displayed.  
8-2  
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Creating and Managing Reports  
Deleting or Overwriting a Report  
8
c. Move the cursor to Save Report. Then,  
press SELECT to save.  
3. Do one of the following;  
To delete all reports in the list, select Delete All  
Reports.  
If you inadvertently give two reports the same name  
on NetTool, check the date/time stamp when you  
view the reports to differentiate between them.  
To delete a single report, select the desired  
report from the list. Then, select Delete Report.  
After you save a report, you can use NetTool Toolkit  
to upload, view, and print it. See the online Help for  
instructions.  
To overwrite a report, select the desired report.  
Then, select Overwrite Report.  
Deleting or Overwriting a Report  
To delete or overwrite a report:  
1. From the Main menu, select ToolKit.  
2. Move the cursor to Reporter, then press SELECT to  
display the Reporter Menu.  
8-3  
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
8-4  
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Appendices  
Appendix  
Title  
Page  
Specifications .......................................................................................................................A-1  
VoIP Logs..............................................................................................................................B-1  
Glossary ................................................................................................................................C-1  
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Appendix A  
Specifications  
General Specifications  
10Base-T and 100Base-TX.  
Media Access  
Cable Tests  
Ports  
Internal wiremap, cable length, opens, shorts, and split pairs  
Shielded Hub/NIC connector (RJ-45). Serial port – customized 2.5mm “stereo” input jack.  
Push button navigation of icon/menu-driven view.  
Removable alkaline batteries or optional rechargeable NiMH batteries.  
12.5 cm x 7.8 cm x 4.3 cm  
Interface  
Battery  
Dimensions  
Weight  
0.21 kg (0.46 lbs).  
Warranty  
One year. (Extended warranty available).  
LED Indicators (4)  
2 on each side (Link, Utilization, Collision, and Error).  
A-1  
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
Environmental Requirements  
10 °C to 30 °C with up to 95 % Relative Humidity  
Operating Temperature  
10 °C to 40 °C with up to 75 % Relative Humidity  
-20 °C to +60 °C  
Non-Operating  
Temperature  
The Fluke NetTool has the following approvals: European Standard EN  
60950, CSA/CAN C22.2 No. 950, and UL 1950.  
Approvals  
The optional Universal AC Adapter for NetTool has UL, CSA, and TÜV  
approvals or other approvals valid in the USA, Canada, and Europe.  
Approvals (Accessories)  
The Fluke NetTool complies with European standard EN 61326 Class B.  
Electromagnetic  
Interference  
Complies with European CE directive: EMC directive 89/336/EEC and low  
voltage directive 73/23/EEC.  
Certifications  
NetTool should never be connected to the public telephone network.  
Connection to public  
telephone network  
A-2  
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Appendix B  
Sample VoIP Call Logs  
Introduction  
This appendix contains sample SCCP and SIP call logs. All of the logs contain running commentaries to familiarize you with  
the messaging and information that is exchanged during a call.  
B-1  
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
Typical Cisco Skinny (SCCP) Phone Bootup  
>DHCP DISCOVER  
00c017a00079  
>DHCP OFFER  
129.196.197.016  
>DHCP REQUEST  
003094c4426f  
// the phone broadcasts an IP address request  
// the MAC address of the phone  
// the DHCP server offers an address  
// the offered IP address  
// the phone requests the offered address  
>DHCP ACK  
//the server acknowledges the request  
129.196.197.016  
>DNS req:003094c4426f  
CiscoCM1.danahertm.com  
<DNS response  
129.196.197.244  
>TFTP file request  
OS79XX.TXT  
// the phone requests the Call Manager IP  
/ / the DNS server responds with the Call Manager’s address  
// the phone uses TFTP to get operating files  
>TFTP file request  
SEP003094C4426F.cnf.xml  
>ALARM TO CM  
// the phone signals the Call Manager  
// and registers with the Call Manager  
25: Name=SEP003094C4426F  
>REGISTER WITH CM  
ip:129.196.197.016  
name:SEP003094C4426F  
B-2  
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Appendices  
Sample VoIP Call Logs  
B
Typical Cisco Skinny (SCCP) Phone Bootup (continued)  
<REGISTER_ACK  
>CAPABILITY_REQUEST  
<CAPABILITY_RESULT  
>TFTP file request  
// the Call Manager acknowledges the registration  
// the phone asks about its capabilities  
// the Call Manager replies  
// the hone TFTPs down three more files  
SEP003094C4426F.cnf.xml  
>TFTP file request  
RINGLIST.XML  
>TFTP file request  
DISTINCTIVERINGLIST.XML  
>CDP  
// the phone sends out CDP packets periodically  
SEP003094C4426F  
Cisco IP Phone 7960  
B-3  
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
Typical Cisco Skinny (SCCP) Call Log  
Following is a sample SCCP call log. Events in the exchange are shown on the left. Commentary appears on the right to help  
you follow the sequencing of the exchange. The log captures an entire phone transaction, starting with the phone going OFF  
HOOK:  
CallMgr:129.196.197.244  
OFF HOOK  
Keypad: 2  
// Call manager IP address  
// Phone goes off hook  
// x2002 is dialed  
Keypad: 0  
Keypad: 0  
Keypad: 2  
PROCEED  
>2000,Blade Lab  
<2002,  
// Call manager acknowledges  
/ /the two parties in the call  
RING OUT  
// far end is ringing  
CONNECTED  
// far end has picked up  
>2000,Blade Lab  
<2002,  
START MEDIA XMIT  
// media transmission is to start  
G711 Ulaw64k  
// the CODEC being used  
Call Setup: 104ms  
// the time from CONNECTED to RTP  
B-4  
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Appendices  
Sample VoIP Call Logs  
B
Typical Cisco Skinny (SCCP) Call Log (continued)  
RTP streaming…  
// the conversation has started  
129.196.197.023:30142  
VLAN:untag TOS:0xb8  
129.196.197.016:20828  
VLAN:untag TOS:0xb8  
Call Duration:9.51s  
ON HOOK  
// phone 1 IP address and port number  
// phone 1 VLAN and TOS being used  
// phone 2 IP address and port number  
// phone 2 VLAN and TOS being used  
// the length of the call  
// the phone is hung up  
>RTP cnt:475frms  
Jitter:994us  
// phone 1 stats—the number of RTP frames  
// the inter-frame arrival jitter  
Arrival Avg:19ms  
Min:19ms Max:20ms  
Drop:3fr  
// the average arrival of the frames  
// the minimum and maximum inter-arrival time  
// the number of dropped frames  
// the longest dropout  
DropBurst:61ms  
B-5  
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
Typical Cisco Skinny (SCCP) Call Log (continued)  
// phone 2 stats  
<RTP cnt:476fr  
Jitter:1ms  
Arrival Avg:20ms  
Min:19ms Max:20ms  
Drop:0fr  
DropBurst:0s  
Call Complete  
B-6  
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Appendices  
Sample VoIP Call Logs  
B
Typical SIP Phone Bootup Log  
>DHCP DISCOVER  
000f66fc9e72  
// the phone broadcasts an IP address request  
// the MAC address of the phone  
>DHCP OFFER  
129.196.196.202  
>DHCP REQUEST  
000f66fc9e72  
// the DHCP server offers an address  
// the offered IP address  
// the phone requests the offered address  
// the server acknowledges the request  
>DHCP ACK  
129.196.196.202  
>DNS req:000f66fc9e72  
atlas4.atlas.vonage.net  
<DNS response  
216.115.025.056  
REGISTER sip:atlas4.atla  
200 OK  
// the phone uses DNS to look up the gateway  
// the DNS server responds with the IP address  
// the phone registers  
>DNS req:000f66fc9e72  
time.vonage.net  
// the phone looks up the time server  
<DNS response  
216.115.031.140  
REGISTER sip:atlas4.atla  
200 OK  
// the phone does a periodic heartbeat register  
B-7  
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
Typical SIP Phone Bootup Log (continued)  
>DNS req:000f66fc9e72  
ls.tftp.vonage.net  
<DNS response  
// the phone looks up the FTP file server  
192.015.192.015  
// the DNS server responds with the IP address  
// the phone downloads its operating file  
>TFTP file request  
/uObE8NkRvq/spa000F66FC9  
REGISTER sip:atlas4.atla  
200 OK  
// the phone sends periodic heartbeat registration  
// the gateway responds  
REGISTER sip:atlas4.atla  
200 OK  
B-8  
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Appendices  
Sample VoIP Call Logs  
B
Typical SIP Call Log  
INVITE sip:5983842@atlas  
407 Proxy Authentication  
INVITE sip:5983842@atlas  
// the phone invites the other party  
// the gateway acknowledges the number  
100 Trying  
180 Ringing  
// the gateway tries connecting  
// the far end is ringing  
180 Ringing  
200 OK  
SIP RTP port 12436  
ACK sip:17195983842@216.  
Call Setup:213ms  
// we have a connection  
// the RTP port number to be used  
// the call setup time  
RTP streaming...  
// the conversation has started  
129.196.196.202:10106  
VLAN:untag TOS:0xb8  
216.115.023.031:12436  
VLAN:untag TOS:0x0  
BYE sip:17195983842@216.  
// phone 1 IP address and port number  
// phone 1 VLAN and TOS being used  
// phone 2 IP address and port number  
// phone 2 VLAN and TOS being used  
// the phone goes back on hook  
B-9  
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
Typical SIP Call Log (continued)  
>RTP cnt:2186fr  
Jitter:21ms  
// phone 1 stats—the number of RTP frames  
// the inter-frame arrival jitter  
Arrival Avg:19ms  
Min:7ms Max:29ms  
Drop:23fr  
// the average arrival of the frames  
// the minimum and maximum inter-arrival time  
// the number of dropped frames  
// the longest dropout  
DropBurst:21ms  
<RTP cnt:2233fr  
Jitter:162ms  
// phone 2 stats  
Arrival Avg:19ms  
Min:830us Max:163ms  
Drop:0fr  
DropBurst:0s  
Call Complete  
B-10  
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Appendix C  
Glossary  
10BASE2  
10BASE5  
Sometimes called ThinLAN or CheaperNet, 10BASE2 is  
the implementation of the IEEE 802.3 Ethernet standard  
on thin coaxial cable. The maximum segment length is  
185 meters.  
Sometimes called ThickLAN, 10BASE5 is the  
implementation of the IEEE 802.3 Ethernet standard on  
thick coaxial cable. The maximum segment length is 500  
meters.  
C-1  
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
10BASEF  
802.3  
A point-to-point fiber link. This is the draft specification for  
IEEE 802.3 Ethernet over fiber optic cable.  
Often called Ethernet, this IEEE standard governs the  
Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection  
(CSMA/CD) networks. Typical cabling standards are  
10BASE-T, 10BASE2, and 10BASE5.  
10BASE-T  
10BASE-T is the implementation of the IEEE 802.3  
Ethernet standard on unshielded twisted-pair wiring. It is  
a star topology, with stations directly connected to a multi-  
port Hub, and it has a maximum cable length of 100  
meters.  
Access Method  
The set of rules by which the network determines what  
node has access to the network. The two most popular  
access methods are Carrier Sense Multiple  
Access/Collision Detection (Ethernet) and token passing  
(Token Ring and ARCNET).  
100BASE-TX  
100BASE-TX is the implementation of the IEEE 802.3u  
Ethernet standard on two pairs of unshielded twisted-pair  
wiring. It is a star topology with a maximum cable length  
of 100 meters. The maximum network diameter is 205  
meters with two class II repeaters.  
Anomaly  
An impedance discontinuity causing an undesired signal  
reflection on a transmission cable.  
AppleTalk  
802.2  
AppleTalk is a networking protocol primarily used for  
communications between Macintosh computers and  
Apple printers. The AppleTalk network is segmented into  
zones.  
This IEEE standard specifies Logical Link Control (LLC),  
which defines services for the transmission of data  
between two stations at the data-link layer of the OSI  
model.  
C-2  
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Appendices  
C
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)  
Broadcast  
A member of the TCP/IP protocol suite, ARP is the  
method by which a station’s MAC address is determined  
given a station’s IP (Internet Protocol) address.  
A message that is addressed to all stations on a network.  
For Ethernet networks, the MAC broadcast address is  
FFFFFFFFFFFF.  
Attenuation  
A reduction in the strength of a signal; the opposite of  
gain.  
Broadcast Storm  
A situation in which a large number of stations are  
transmitting broadcast packets. This typically results in  
severe network congestion. This problem is usually a  
result of a misconfiguration.  
Bandwidth  
Bandwidth is the rate at which data can be transmitted  
over a channel, measured in bits per second. For  
example, Ethernet has a 10 Mbps bandwidth and FDDI  
has a 100 Mbps bandwidth. Actual throughput is almost  
always less than the theoretical maximum.  
Bus Topology  
A bus topology is a network architecture in which all of  
the nodes simultaneously receive network traffic. Ethernet  
is a bus topology.  
BPS  
Byte  
Bits per second. A measure of speed or raw data rate.  
Often combined with metric prefixes as in kbps (for  
thousands of bits per second) or Mbps (for millions of bits  
per second).  
A collection of bits. A byte usually contains 8 bits.  
Characteristic impedance  
Characteristic impedance is the opposition (resistance  
and reactance) to signal propagation on a cable. It  
depends on the physical properties of a cable, which are  
determined at the time of manufacture. Manufacturing  
variations can cause slight differences in characteristic  
impedance for the same cable type.  
Bridge (Switch)  
A device that links two or more networks that use the  
same OSI Data Link protocol. A bridge evaluates source  
and destination addresses to pass only frames that have  
a destination on the connecting network.  
C-3  
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
Client  
CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense, Multiple Access with  
Collision Detection)  
A client is a computer that makes requests of a server. A  
client has only one user; a server is shared by many  
users.  
In CSMA/CD, each node or station has equal access to  
the network. Before transmitting, each station waits until  
the network is not busy. Since each node has equal  
access to the network, a collision (two stations  
transmitting at the same time) can occur. If a collision  
occurs, the affected nodes will wait a random time to  
retransmit. Ethernet uses the CSMA/CD access method.  
Collision  
A collision is the result of two or more nodes transmitting  
at the same time. Excessive collisions are most often  
caused by a problem with the physical media.  
dBm  
Crossed Pair  
Decibels below 1 mW (1 milliwatt). The logarithmic  
measure of the ratio of the output power of a signal to an  
input signal of 1 mW.  
A wiring error in twisted pair cabling in which a pair on  
one connector of the cable is wired to a different pair on  
the other end of the cable.  
DECnet  
Crosstalk  
Digital Equipment Corporation’s set of communication  
protocols for networking computers.  
Crosstalk is electrical interference generated by signal  
coupling between wires in a multiwire cable.  
C-4  
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Appendices  
C
Destination Address  
The address of the station receiving a frame.  
Ethernet  
Ethernet is a 10 Mbps topology that runs over thick coax,  
thin coax, twisted-pair, and fiber-optic cabling systems.  
DNS  
Domain Name Services provides a mechanism that  
allows users to remember logical machine names rather  
than IP addresses. DNS provides mapping between a  
machine name (e.g., www.fluke.com) and its IP address  
(e.g., xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx).  
EtherTalk  
EtherTalk is the AppleTalk network protocol running over  
the Ethernet network transport.  
Fast Ethernet  
Industry standard terminology for 100Base-T. Industry  
groups do not agree on using the term to refer to 100VG-  
AnyLAN; some call 100VG-AnyLAN a Fast Ethernet  
technology while others do not.  
EIA568  
Electronic Industries Association Commercial Building  
Telecommunications Wiring Standard. Specifies  
maximum cable lengths, installation practices, and  
performance specifications for generic building wiring.  
FCS (Frame Check Sequence)  
A field transmitted in LAN frames that encodes error  
checking information.  
Encapsulation  
Encapsulation is the method of placing one protocol into  
another protocol’s format. For example, in a Novell  
Ethernet environment there are four different methods to  
encapsulate IPX in Ethernet/802.3 frames: 802.3 raw,  
802.2, Ethernet II, and SNAP.  
Frame  
A frame is a unit of data transmission divided into groups  
of bits. The header and a check sequence form the  
frame.  
C-5  
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
Full-Duplex  
ICMP (Internet Control and Message Protocol)  
A communication protocol used by every device that uses  
IP. ICMP reports errors that occur during the delivery of  
packets on the network.  
10Base-T and 100Base-TX network operation using a  
switching Hub to establish a point-to-point connection  
between LAN nodes that allows simultaneous sending  
and receiving of data packets. Full-duplex performance is  
twice that of half-duplex performance. A 10Base-T full-  
duplex network is capable of 20 Mb/s data throughput,  
while a full-duplex 100Base-TX network is capable of 200  
Mb/s throughput.  
IP (Internet Protocol)  
IP is the network layer protocol for the TCP/IP suite.  
IP Address  
An IP address is a series of four numbers separated by  
dots (“.”), each of which is between 0 and 255. An IP  
address must be unique to a machine or the network will  
not be able to properly deliver network information to that  
machine. The address is made up of a network number,  
a subnet number, and a node number.  
Half-Duplex  
Network operation is one direction at a time only; either  
sending or receiving data packets, but not both at the  
same time.  
Hops  
Most commonly defined as the number of routers traveled  
by a frame to reach its destination.  
IP Network Number  
The network number consists of the first two numbers of  
a device IP address on a network.  
Hub (Repeater)  
Today, most often referred to in 10BASE-T networks. A  
10BASE-T Hub is essentially a multiport repeater Hub  
with each segment dedicated to a single 10BASE-T  
connection.  
IPX (Internetwork Packet Exchange)  
IPX is the network layer protocol for Novell’s NetWare  
protocol suite.  
C-6  
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Appendices  
C
Jabber  
Layer  
A frame greater than the maximum legal size (greater  
than 1518 bytes) with a good or bad frame check  
sequence. In general, you should not see jabbers. The  
most likely causes of jabbers are a faulty NIC/driver or  
perhaps a cabling problem.  
One of seven levels in the Open Systems Interconnection  
(OSI) reference model. See OSI.  
Link Pulse  
A single-bit test pulse that is transmitted at least every  
150 milliseconds during idle periods on 10BASE-T link  
segments to verify link integrity.  
Jitter  
Variability in latency, or delay. If a network provides  
varying levels of latency (i.e., different waiting times) for  
different packets or cells, it introduces jitter, which is  
particularly disruptive to audio communications because it  
can cause audible pops and clicks.  
Manufacturer Prefix  
The standard partial address used to identify a particular  
manufacturer. The prefix of the address is predefined  
uniquely for each manufacturer, while the remainder of  
the address uniquely identifies the station.  
LAN (Local Area Network)  
A physical network technology used over short distances  
(up to a few thousand meters) to connect many  
workstations and network devices using a communication  
standard (Token Ring or Ethernet, for example).  
Master Browser  
The Master Browser maintains the browse list, a list of  
all servers in the master browser’s domain or workgroup.  
MBPS  
Late Collision  
Millions of bits per second. See BPS.  
A collision that occurs after the first 64 bytes in a frame.  
In 10BASE-T networks, late collisions will be seen as  
frames with a bad FCS. Causes of Late Collisions are a  
faulty NIC or a network that is too long. A too-long  
network is one in which the end-to-end signal propagation  
time is greater that the minimum legal sized frame.  
Multicast  
Packets that are directed to a group of nodes rather than  
to a single node or all nodes. This is contrasted to a  
broadcast packet, which is directed to all nodes.  
C-7  
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NEXT  
Ping  
Near-end crosstalk; crosstalk between two twisted pairs  
measured at the same end of the cable as the disturbing  
signal source.  
Packet Internet Groper (ping) is a common method of  
accessing devices on a network to see if they are active.  
Ping sends a packet from one device, attempts to  
“bounce” it off another device, and “listens” for a reply. A  
successful ping indicates that the network path to that  
device (including the routers in between) are up and  
functioning.  
NIC (Network Interface Card)  
A network interface card is the adapter card that plugs  
into a computer to provide a network connection.  
Protocol  
Node Number  
A “language” that a device uses to communicate on a  
network. Examples of protocols are: TCP/IP or  
AppleTalk.  
Node number identifies the device of interest.  
NVP (Nominal Velocity of Propagation)  
The speed that a pulse travels along a cable, expressed  
as a percentage of the speed of light in a vacuum.  
Primary Domain Controller  
A device that manages the common security policy and  
user account databases for a group of NetBIOS servers.  
The election protocols are such that the primary domain  
controller has a tendency to become the master browser.  
Packet  
A group of bits in a defined format, containing a data  
message that is sent over a network.  
C-8  
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Appendices  
C
Remote Collision  
RJ-45 Connector  
A modular connector used for UTP wiring. The RJ-45  
connector has eight conductors to accommodate four  
pairs of wires, and it has become the dominant connector  
used in Ethernet and Token Ring UTP installations.  
A collision that occurs on the other side of a repeater.  
Since a 10BASE-T Hub is a multi-port repeater with a  
"segment" dedicated to each station, 10BASE-T collisions  
are remote collisions.  
Repeater  
Router  
A repeater is a layer-1 device that regenerates and  
retimes frames.  
A router is a network-layer device that connects networks  
using like network-layer protocols. Routers can span  
different network topologies. For example, a router can  
interconnect two IP subnets. For a router to pass traffic,  
unlike a bridge, it must be configured for the desired  
protocol. Routers are more difficult to configure but offer  
greater security.  
Router or Gateway  
A router is a device that connects subnets together. Any  
packets destined for a device on a different subnet are  
given the subnet’s router. Routing between subnets can  
involve multiple routers. A user’s machine must be  
configured to know the IP address of the router for its  
subnet in order to communicate with machines on other  
subnets. Mis-identified gateways are a common problem  
for manually configured IP settings.  
RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol)  
The protocol used for actual Voice data transmission.  
C-9  
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
RTCP (Real-time Transport Control Protocol)  
A protocol that provides insight on the performance and  
behavior of the RTP media stream.  
Short Frame  
A frame less than the minimum legal size (less than 64  
bytes) with a good frame check sequence. In general, you  
should not see Short Frames. The mostly likely cause of  
a Short Frame is a faulty adapter card or driver.  
Runts  
Typically defined as an Ethernet frame which is less than  
64 bytes. Depending on what device is counting the runts,  
the frame check sequence may be good or bad.  
Signal/Noise Ratio  
The ratio of worst-case received signal level to noise level  
measured at the receiver input (expressed in dB). The  
S/N ratio may be expressed as NEXT(dB) -  
Attenuation(dB), provided idle channel background noise  
is low. Higher S/N ratios provide better channel  
performance.  
SAP (Service Advertising Protocol)  
A NetWare protocol used to request and broadcast  
information about file servers, print servers, and other  
services on a network.  
SIP (Session Initiation Protocol)  
A text-based, IP-based protocol that is used for initiating a  
unicast session or for initiating and controlling a multicast  
session.  
SCCP (Skinny Client Control Protocol)  
A Cisco proprietary VoIP control protocol that is used for  
control communications with the Cisco Call Manager.  
C-10  
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Appendices  
C
SNAP (Subnetwork Access Protocol)  
An IP protocol that is an extended version of the IEEE  
LAN logical link control (LLC) frame. SNAP provides  
access to additional protocols and allows vendors to  
create their own protocol sub-types.  
Subnet  
A subnet is a section of the TCP/IP network. Each  
subnet has a unique subnet number and is connected to  
a router which enables connection to other subnets.  
Subnet Number  
The subnet number is programmed into the subnet router  
and follows the network number in an IP address.  
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)  
Designed by the Department of Defense and commercial  
TCP/IP implementors, SNMP is part of the TCP/IP  
protocol suite. SNMP operates on top of the Internet  
Protocol and can manage virtually any network type.  
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet  
Protocol)  
TCP/IP is the protocol suite originally developed by the  
Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) to  
interconnect a research network. It later evolved into the  
Internet. The TCP/IP is an open standard not owned by  
any particular organization. The term TCP/IP is often  
used to refer to the entire suite of related protocols that  
includes IP, FTP, Telnet, RIP.  
Source Address  
The address of the station originating a frame.  
Split Pair  
The error of using wires from two different twisted pairs.  
This error cancels the crosstalk elimination characteristics  
of twisted pair wiring and produces crosstalk. Use a  
single twisted pair for Transmit and another twisted pair  
for Receive to minimize crosstalk.  
C-11  
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
Topology  
Uptime  
Topology is the organization of network components. The  
topology of Token Ring network components is a ring.  
The amount of uninterrupted time that a resource (such  
as a print server) has been available.  
Transport  
UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair)  
Transport refers to the physical method by which data is  
transmitted (e.g., Ethernet, Token Ring, etc.). Different  
physical network hardware and cable layout are required  
for different transports.  
Cable that is twisted by pairs but not shielded. This  
minimizes crosstalk by canceling the magnetic fields  
generated in each of the twisted wires, but only when a  
single twisted pair is used for Transmit or Receive.  
Transceiver  
VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol)  
The technology used to transmit voice conversations over  
a data network using the Internet Protocol.  
In Ethernet networks, a transceiver is used to couple  
electrical signals to and from an adapter to the  
transmission media. In ThinLAN and 10BASE-T  
networks, the transceiver is integrated directly onto the  
network adapter card.  
Twisted Pair  
A pair of wires that is twisted together to minimize  
crosstalk. Crosstalk is minimized with twisted pair wiring  
by canceling the magnetic fields generated in each of the  
twisted wires. Twisted pair cable (UTP or STP) is typically  
made up of several twisted pairs of wires.  
C-12  
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Index  
—A—  
—C—  
—F—  
AC adapter, 1-9  
care and maintenance, 1-2  
connecting NetTool, 2-5  
factory default settings, restoring, 2-3  
feet/meters, changing, 2-2  
Fluke Networks, contacting, 1-4  
accessories (optional), 1-3  
Addresses Used screen, 4-6  
AutoTest, 3-1  
—D—  
date/time, setting, 2-2  
DHCP, 2-3  
cable test results, 3-2  
PoE-powered device results, 3-7  
services discovered, 3-4  
single-ended results, 3-3  
wiremap results, 3-2  
—H—  
Health screen, 4-3  
duplex settings, 3-5  
—I—  
inline connection, 2-7  
—E—  
environmental requirements, A-2  
equipment (supplied), 1-2  
errors, viewing, 4-3  
—B—  
Backlight, turning on, 1-5  
battery  
IP address, setting NetTool's, 2-3  
—K—  
installing, 1-9  
level indicator, 2-2  
Key Devices screen, 5-3  
1
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NetTool  
batteries, 1-9  
care and maintenance, 1-2  
configuring, 2-1  
pinging multiple devices, 5-5  
results screen, 5-6  
status icons, 5-6  
—L—  
LEDs  
Link, Collision, and Error, 1-6  
Utilization, 1-6  
Left/Right arrow keys, 1-8  
link and polarity levels, 3-6  
Link Config screen, 4-2  
date/time, setting, 2-2  
environmental requirements, A-2  
factory default setting, changing, 2-3  
features, 1-2  
Ping lists, creating, 2-4  
power supply, 1-9  
registering the product, 1-3  
reports, creating, 8-2  
service and adjustment, 1-3  
services discovered, 3-4  
specifications, A-1  
polarity and link levels, 3-6  
printers discovered, 3-4  
Problem log  
displaying, 6-1  
email problems, 6-10  
health problems, 6-5  
—M—  
measurement units, changing, 2-2  
menus  
host configuration problems, 6-7  
icons used in log, 6-2  
link connectivity problems, 6-3  
name resolution problems, 6-8  
NetBIOS problems, 6-9  
NetWare problems, 6-6  
network problems, 6-5  
printer problems, 6-11  
TCP/IP problems, 6-7  
unwanted protocols problems, 6-12  
Web problems, 6-10  
closing current screen, 1-8  
icons, 1-7  
Main, 1-7  
navigating, 1-8  
paging up/down, 1-8  
scrolling, 1-8  
turning on/off, 1-5  
NetTool Blaster, 1-4  
NetTool Toolkit, 1-4  
Network menu, 5-1  
meters/feet, changing, 2-2  
—P—  
Protocols screen, 4-5  
—N—  
NetTool  
patch cable, connecting, 2-5  
PC/NetTool Link Utility Programs, 1-4  
Ping, 5-4  
—R—  
registering NetTool, 1-3  
Reporter menu, 8-2  
reports  
accessories (optional), 1-3  
accessories (supplied), 1-2  
Auto Off setting, changing, 2-2  
backlight, turning on, 1-5  
IP address lists, creating, 2-4  
Ping Catalog screen, 5-5  
pinging a single device, 5-4  
2
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Index (continued)  
creating and saving, 8-2  
deleting, 8-3  
routers discovered, 3-4  
—V—  
VLAN information, 7-2  
VoIP (Voice over IP)  
AutoTest, 7-1  
logs (samples), B-1  
—S—  
VLAN/CDP information, viewing, 7-2  
VoIP log, 7-3  
VoIP monitor, 7-4  
scrolling through menus, 1-8  
SELECT key, 1-8  
serial port connection, 2-8  
servers discovered, 3-4  
Servers Used screen, 4-7  
single-ended connection, 2-5  
specifications, A-1  
voltage/pair information, viewing, 7-2  
voltage and pair, viewing, 7-2  
—X—  
X symbol (closing current screen), 1-8  
Station menu, 4-1  
—T—  
telephone numbers (Fluke Networks),  
1-4  
—U—  
Unwanted Protocols screen, 2-3  
Up/Down arrow keys, 1-8  
3
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NetTool  
Users Manual  
4
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