Fluke Blood Pressure Monitor 07 453 User Manual

Nuclear Associates 07-453  
Digital X-Ray Pulse Counter/Timer  
Operators Manual  
February 2005  
Manual No. 07-453-1 Rev. 2  
©2004, 2005 Fluke Corporation, All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.  
All product names are trademarks of their respective companies  
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Table of Contents  
Section 1:  
1.1  
General Information................................................................................... 1-1  
Introduction.................................................................................................. 1-1  
Description................................................................................................... 1-1  
Specifications............................................................................................... 1-2  
Battery Replacement ................................................................................... 1-2  
1.2  
1.3  
1.4  
Section 2:  
2.1  
Operation.................................................................................................... 2-1  
General Instructions..................................................................................... 2-1  
Oscilloscope Output..................................................................................... 2-2  
2.2  
i
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General Information  
1
Introduction  
Section 1  
General Information  
1.1 Introduction  
The Model 07-453 Digital Pulse Counter measures exposure time for a wide variety of x-ray generators.  
For half-wave x-rays such as dental machines, the instrument is always used in Pulse mode. The  
instrument will display the number of pulses. For DC or 3-phase x-rays, the 07-453 is always used in  
Millisec mode. After an exposure, the instrument will indicate the exposure time in milliseconds. For full-  
wave x-rays, the operator may need to try both modes. For most full-wave x-rays, especially at low power  
settings, the 07-453 should be used in Pulse mode. The unit will indicate the number of x-ray pulses.  
Many full-wave x-ray waveforms have a DC component. In other words, the x-ray output does not drop to  
zero between pulses. When this occurs, the 07-453 will read 1(one) when used in Pulse mode. The  
output of a DC x-ray is actually one pulse, so the instrument is reading correctly. To measure the  
exposure time, simply switch the instrument to Millisec and the instrument will time the x-ray in  
milliseconds.  
NOTE  
It is important that the user be thoroughly familiar  
with the contents of this manual before performing  
any tests on radiation-generating equipment. It is  
also imperative that the user be thoroughly  
qualified, and familiar with safety precautions and  
other practices relating to radiation generators.  
1.2 Description  
The Digital X-Ray Pulse Counter/Timer is used to measure the duration of radiation output produced by x-  
ray generators. This solid-state, digital instrument is designed specifically to aid service personnel in  
assessing the performance of radiation generator timing controls. The instrument is a noninvasive  
instrument, which samples the radiation beam of x-rays.  
The Digital X-Ray Pulse Counter/Timer can be used as follows:  
1. To count the number of x-ray pulses produced by half-wave and full-wave rectified machines;  
typically 60 pulses per second for half-wave rectified machines or 120 pulses per second for full-  
wave. Dental x-ray machines are typically half-wave rectified.  
2. To measure the length of radiation output when the x-ray output is steady-state such that “pulsing”  
does not exist. X-rays that generate steady outputs include 3-phase AC medical x-ray machines,  
capacitor discharge x-ray machines and DC operated x-rays.  
3. To measure the “on time” or relay contact closure time by counting the number of pulses of AC line  
voltage (65 to 130 VAC) via the front panel input jacks and test leads.  
The Digital X-Ray Pulse Counter/Timer replaces not only mechanical impulse counters, but also other  
electronic counters. Its small hand-held size allows it to conveniently fit in a small tool box/jacket pocket.  
There is no “Reset” button. The Digital X-Ray Pulse Counter/Timer automatically resets at the beginning  
of each exposure, holding the reading until the next exposure.  
1-1  
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Nuclear Associates 07-453  
Operators Manual  
The most convenient way of using the Digital X-Ray Pulse Counter/Timer is to place it directly under the  
x-ray head. Step back, take the exposure and then read the exposure time in pulses or milliseconds. An  
optional remote sensor is also available to allow use of the instrument at distances of up to 12 ft away  
from the x-ray.  
1.3 Specifications  
Accuracy  
AC Input: +/- 1 count  
DC Input: 2% or +/- 1 count  
X-ray Detection: +/- 1 count  
AC Input: 65 VAC minimum  
Sensitivity  
Range  
X-ray Input: 50 kVp, 5 mA at 2.0 in from top surface of case, pointed to target on  
case  
9999 pulses  
9999 milliseconds  
Display  
0.4 in liquid crystal  
Power  
9 V battery; alkaline or equivalent  
24 hours continuous; typically 6 months of normal use  
130 V AC maximum  
Battery Life  
AC Input Jacks  
65 V AC minimum  
Input circuit not affected by reversed polarity  
3-position switch: Pulse, Off, Milliseconds  
4-digit liquid crystal display: 0.4 character  
Controls/Indicators  
Low battery indicator: “Low Batt” appears in display when battery voltage reaches  
4.8 V 0.5 V  
Power-On: LED (green)  
Oscilloscope output  
Connections  
Dimensions  
Weight  
None required for direct exposure measurement  
3.15 x 5.8 x 1.6 in (80 x 147 x 40 mm)  
0.5 lbs/0.21 kg  
Accessories  
AC test leads with pluggable alligator clips  
Remote X-Ray Sensor (Model 07-453-2000)  
Carrying Case (Model 89-453)  
Oscilloscope Leads (Model 88-453)  
Optional  
Accessories  
1.4 Battery Replacement  
The Digital X-Ray Pulse Counter/Timer is supplied with one 9 V alkaline battery. Replace the battery  
when the “Lo Batt” indicator shows in the display. Long life alkaline batteries are available from Fluke  
Biomedical. Any standard 9 V alkaline battery can be used in the Digital X-Ray Pulse Counter/Timer.  
To replace the battery, slide open the battery compartment on the bottom of the case. Remove the old  
battery, and install the new battery.  
1-2  
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Operation  
General Instructions  
2
Section 2  
Operation  
2.1 General Instructions  
Switch Settings  
The front panel selector/toggle switch on the Digital X-Ray Pulse Counter/Timer has three positions:  
“OFF”, “PULSE” and “MILLISEC”. The switch is OFF when in the center position.  
OFF  
All power to the instrument is disconnected in the “OFF” position. Set the switch to “OFF” when not in  
use, to conserve battery life. The center position is OFF.  
PULSE  
When the switch is moved to the “PULSE” position, the instrument will be used for measuring output  
pulses from half-wave or full-wave rectified machines as well as AC line voltage pulses. Normally, each  
full second of exposure will produce 60 pulses. An exposure of 2/10 second will read 12, for example.  
MILLISEC  
With the switch in the “MILLISEC” position, the instrument will measure the length of time that a DC or 3-  
phase AC x-ray is on. The display reading will be in milliseconds; i.e., an exposure of 1 second will read  
1000; an exposure of 2/10 second will read 200.  
Connections  
When reading directly from an x-ray head, no connections are made to the instrument. Point the x-ray  
head at the “target” area of the instrument (near the lower left side of the instrument). Take an exposure  
and read the time on the display in pulses or milliseconds.  
Oscilloscope Output  
A jack labeled “scope” located on the left side of the instrument is the oscilloscope output. It allows the  
user to connect the instrument to an oscilloscope, so that x-ray waveform can be observed. This  
connector takes a standard 2.5 mm mono phone plug.  
Remote Sensor  
To use the Remote Sensor (optional), connect the plug at the end of the remote sensor cable into the jack  
labeled “remote” located on the left side of the Digital X-Ray Pulse Counter/Timer. Point the x-ray head at  
the target on the Remote Sensor. Stretch the cable out and use as described above.  
2-1  
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Nuclear Associates 07-453  
Operators Manual  
AC Input  
Connect the two test leads to the two input jacks on the front of the instrument. Since the instrument  
counts AC pulses, the AC line must be switched by the relay that is in the timer under test.  
The circuit for AC inputs is completely isolated from the rest of the instrument. No damage to the  
instrument will occur if the probes are reversed. However, to obtain the best accuracy, the “+” (red)  
should be connected to the high side of the line, and the black or “-“ probe should be connected to the low  
side of the line.  
2.2 Oscilloscope Output  
The Digital X-Ray Pulse Counter/Timer can be, and usually is, used without an oscilloscope, but the  
scope output feature enables technical analysis of the x-ray output.  
X-ray generators often have characteristics such as gradual rise times, variations in amplitude, noise,  
capacitive filtering, and extended decay times. Problems with x-rays can often be diagnosed by  
observing the output waveform of an x-ray with an oscilloscope. Plug in a standard 2.5 mm mono phone  
plug into the jack and attach the leads of the scope probe to the phone plug terminals. Set the vertical  
sensitivity of the scope to 1 V per cm. The scope waveform will be an amplified version of the actual  
output of the x-ray detector.  
A cable with a phone plug and a BNC connector for a scope is available from Fluke Biomedical (Model  
88-453). The 2.5 mm mono phone plug is available from many vendors including Mouser Electronics,  
(P/N 177PP053). The Remote Sensor available from Fluke Biomedical (Model 07-453-2000) is  
particularly useful when observing the x-ray output using an oscilloscope.  
2-2  
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Fluke Biomedical  
Radiation Management Services  
6045 Cochran Road  
Cleveland, Ohio 44139  
440.498.2564  
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