Measure what you see.
LCS IV and LCM IV
User Manual
7/2012 Edition 1A
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Table of Contents
Section 1 Specifications ........................................................................................................................ 7
Section 2 General Information............................................................................................................... 9
Section 3 Installation............................................................................................................................ 13
3.1 Unpacking the instrument................................................................................................................. 13
3.5 Interfaces.......................................................................................................................................... 16
3.6 Cuvette compartments and cuvette adapters................................................................................... 16
Section 4 Start Up................................................................................................................................. 19
4.1 Switch on the instrument, startup process........................................................................................ 19
4.3 Self-check......................................................................................................................................... 19
4.5 Power off the instrument................................................................................................................... 20
Section 5 Standard programs.............................................................................................................. 21
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Table of Contents
5.2 Instrument Setup...............................................................................................................................23
5.2.3 Security settings.......................................................................................................................27
5.2.4 Date and time...........................................................................................................................30
5.2.6.1 Printer setup....................................................................................................................33
5.3 Save, recall, send and delete data....................................................................................................38
5.3.2 Control charts for data from the AQA Log................................................................................42
5.3.3.1 Automatic/manual saving of single and multi-wavelength measurements ......................44
5.3.4 Wavelength scan and time course (LCS IV only).....................................................................47
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Table of Contents
5.5.1.1 Touch-sensitive areas in measurement mode................................................................ 55
5.5.1.2 Parameter setup options................................................................................................. 56
5.5.1.3 Change the color scale after a measurement................................................................. 57
5.5.4 Determination of the Gardner color value................................................................................ 59
5.5.7 Color determinations only by LCS IV....................................................................................... 59
5.5.7.1 Color determination according to the European Pharmacopoeia (EP)........................... 59
5.5.7.2 Color determination according to the US Pharmacopoeia (USP)................................... 63
5.5.7.4 Determination of the Klett color value............................................................................. 64
5.5.7.5 Determination of the AOCS Cc 13 e (Lovibond®) scale.................................................. 65
5.6 Measurement of color differences (LCS IV only).............................................................................. 67
5.6.1.1 View graph/table/values.................................................................................................. 69
5.7 Photometry (LCS IV only)................................................................................................................. 71
5.7.1.2 Take single wavelength readings (single reading).......................................................... 73
5.7.3.3 Analysis of time course data........................................................................................... 78
5.7.4.1 Set up the wavelength scan............................................................................................ 80
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Table of Contents
Section 6 Advanced Operations..........................................................................................................87
6.1.8 Lamps operating time...............................................................................................................93
6.2 Toolbar..............................................................................................................................................93
Section 7 Maintenance..........................................................................................................................97
7.1 Cleaning requirements......................................................................................................................97
7.1.2 Screen......................................................................................................................................97
7.1.3 Cuvettes/cells...........................................................................................................................98
7.3 Cell compartment (2) replacement..................................................................................................100
Section 8 Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................103
Section 9 Service and Certification ..................................................................................................107
Index.....................................................................................................................................................109
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Section 1 Specifications
These are subject to change without notice!
Performance specifications
Display mode
LCS IV
LCM IV
Color measurement, color difference
measurement, absorbance and
concentration
Color measurement
Color measurement
Colorimetric evaluation
26 color ratios
5 color ratios
All visual color ratios are calculated for standard light chart C and 2° standard
observers in accordance with DIN 5033. Colorimetric color values can be switched
to light type A, C, D65 and 2° or 10° standard observers.
Source lamp
Halogen lamp
Wavelength range
320–1100 nm
Wavelength Accuracy
Wavelength reproducibility
Wavelength resolution
Wavelength calibration
± 1.5 nm (wavelength range 340–900 nm)
≤ 0.1 nm
1 nm
Automatic
Wavelength range for color
measurement
380–720 nm steps of 10 nm
Scanning speed
≥ 8 nm/sec (in steps of 1 nm)
5 nm
Spectral bandwidth
Photometric measuring range
± 3 Abs (wavelength range 340–900 nm)
5 mAbs at 0.0–0.5 Abs,
1 % at 0.50–2.0 Ext
Photometric accuracy
< 0.5 % to 2 Abs
Photometric linearity
Stray light
≤ 1 % at > 2 Abs with neutral glass at 546 nm
< 0.1 % T at 340 nm with NaNO
2
3000 color measurements,
100 color reference values,
1000 photometric measurements,
20 wavelength scans, 20 time scans
Data log
400 color measurements
Physical and environmental specifications
Width
Height
Depth
Earth
350 mm (13.78 in)
151 mm (5.94 in)
255 mm (10.04 in)
4200 g (9.26 lb)
10–40 °C (50–104 °F), maximum 80 % relative humidity (without condensate
formation)
Ambient operating requirements
–40–60 °C (–40–140 °F), maximum 80 % relative humidity (without condensate
formation)
Ambient storage requirements
Additional technical data
Power connector via external power
supply
Input: 100–240 V/47–63 Hz
Output: 15 V/40 VA
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Specifications
Performance specifications
LCS IV
LCM IV
Use only shielded cable with maximum length of 3 m:
2× USB type A
1× USB type B
Interfaces
Use only shielded cable (for example STP, FTP, S/FTP) with maximum length of
20 m:
1× Ethernet
Housing rating
Protection class
IP40 (excluding interfaces and power supply)
Class I
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Section 2 General Information
2.1 Safety information
Read through the entire user manual carefully before you unpack
the device, set up and put into operation. Pay attention to all
danger and caution statements. Failure to do so could result in
serious injury to the operator or damage to the equipment.
To make sure that the protection provided by this instrument is
not impaired, do not use or install this instrument in any manner
other than that specified in these operating instructions.
DANGER
Indicates a potentially or imminently hazardous situation that, if not
avoided, results in death or serious injury.
WARNING
Indicates a potentially or imminently hazardous situation that, if not
avoided, may result in death or serious injury.
CAUTION
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation that may result in minor or
moderate injury.
NOTICE
Indicates a situation that, if it is not avoided, can lead to damage to
the device. Information that requires special emphasis.
Note: Information that supplements points in the main text.
2.1.1 Precautionary labels
Read all labels and tags attached to the instrument. Personal
injury or damage to the instrument could occur if not observed.
For symbols attached to the device, corresponding warning notes
are found in the user manual.
This symbol may be attached to the device and references the operation- and/or safety notes in the user manual.
This symbol on the device is an indication of hot surfaces.
Electrical equipment marked with this symbol may not be disposed of in European domestic or public disposal
systems after 12 August 2005. In conformity with European local and national regulations (EU Directive
2002/96/EC), European electrical equipment users must now return old or end-of life equipment to the
manufacturer for disposal at no charge to the user.
Note: For return for recycling, please contact the equipment manufacturer or supplier for instructions on how to
return end-of-life equipment, manufacturer-supplied electrical accessories, and all auxiliary items for proper disposal.
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General Information
WARNING
The manufacturer is not responsible for any damages due to
misapplication or misuse of this product including, without limitation,
direct, incidental and consequential damages, and totally excludes
such damages as permitted under applicable laws.
The user is solely responsible to identify critical application risks and
install appropriate mechanisms to protect processes during a possible
equipment malfunction.
2.1.2 Safety around source lamps
The source lamp is operated at high temperatures.
To prevent electric shock, disconnect the instrument from the
power source before replacing the lamp.
CAUTION
Burn hazard. Allow the lamp(s) to cool for at least 30 minutes before
maintaining/replacing them.
2.1.3 Chemical and biological safety
DANGER
Potential danger with contact with chemical/biological substances.
Working with chemical samples, standards and reagents can be
dangerous.
Make yourself familiar with the necessary safety procedures and the
correct handling of the chemicals before use and read and follow all
relevant safety data sheets.
Normal operation of this device may require the use of chemicals
or samples that are biologically unsafe.
•
Observe all cautionary information printed on the original
solution containers and safety data sheets prior to their use.
•
•
Dispose of all consumed solutions in accordance with the
local and national regulations and laws.
Select the type of protective equipment suitable to the
concentration and quantity of the dangerous material being
used.
2.2 Overview of product
The LCS IV and LCM IV instruments are VIS
spectral-photometers with wavelength ranges from 320 to
1100 nm. The instruments can perform a precise colorimetric
analysis in accordance with ISO/ASTM standards with a single
measurement and display the result in the form of classic color
systems such as iodine, Hazen or Gardner color values. The
instruments support multiple languages.
The LCS IV is supplied with 26 color value calculations, while the
LCM IV is supplied with five color value calculations (Iodine color,
Hazen color, Gardner color, Saybolt color and ASTM D 1500
color numbers).
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General Information
The LCS IV contains the following programs and operating
modes in addition to the color measurement: single wavelength
mode, multi-wavelength mode, wavelength scan and time scan
mode. The digital measurements are displayed in the
dimensional units of concentration, absorbance or %
transmittance, making the LCS IV universally suitable for lab
analysis.
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General Information
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Section 3 Installation
WARNING
Electrical and fire hazards.
Only use the supplied benchtop power supply LZV844.
Only qualified experts may perform the tasks described in this section
of the manual, while adhering to all locally valid safety regulations.
3.1 Unpacking the instrument
The following components are supplied as standard with the
LCS IV / LCM IV:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
LCS IV / LCM IV spectrophotometer
Dust cover
USB dust cover, fitted as standard
Table power supply with power cord
Cuvette adapter Z, installed as standard
Basic user manual
CD-ROM with detailed operating instructions
Note: If any of these items are missing or damaged, please contact the
manufacturer or a sales representative immediately.
3.2 Operating environment
Observe the following points to allow the instrument to function
normally and give a long operating life.
•
Position the instrument securely on a flat surface taking care
to remove any objects from under the device.
•
The ambient temperature must be 10–40 °C (50–104 °F).
NOTICE
Protect the instrument from extreme temperatures from heaters,
direct sunlight and other heat sources.
•
•
•
•
The relative humidity should be less than 80 %; moisture
should not condense on the instrument.
Leave at least a 15 cm clearance at the top and on all sides
for air circulation to avoid overheating of electrical parts.
Do not use or store the device in extremely dusty, humid or
wet places.
Keep the surface of the instrument, the cell compartment and
all accessories clean and dry at all times. Immediately
remove splashes or spilt materials on or in the instrument
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Installation
Figure 2
Back view
1
2
Ethernet port
USB port type B
3
4
USB port type A
Connection for benchtop power supply
3.4 Power connections
WARNING
Electrical and fire hazards.
Only use the supplied benchtop power supply LZV844.
1. Connect the power cable to the benchtop power supply.
2. Plug the benchtop power supply cable into the back of the
instrument (Figure 2, page 15).
3. Insert the power cable plug into a mains socket
(100–240 V~/47–63 Hz).
4. Turn on the power switch next to the screen to activate the
power supply (Figure 1, page 14).
Note: If you do not intend to use the instrument for a long period,
disconnect it from the power supply.
Note: Make sure the socket you are using is easily accessible.
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Installation
3.5 Interfaces
The instrument has three USB ports and one Ethernet port as
standard. They are located on the front and rear of the instrument
(Figure 1 Figure 2, page 15).
The USB type A ports are used for communications with a printer,
USB memory stick or keyboard. A USB memory stick can be
used to update the instrument software.
The USB type B port is used for communications with a PC. The
optional Hach Lange Online Data software must be installed on
the PC for this use.
A USB hub may be used to connect several accessories at a
time.
Note: USB cables must not be longer than 3 m.
These USB ports permit data to be exported to a printer or PC
and also allow the instrument software to be upgraded (refer to
section 6.1.2, page 87). The Ethernet port supports real-time data
transfer in local networks, LIMS systems or SC controllers. Only
use a shielded cable (e.g. STP, FTP, S/FTP) with a maximum
length of 20 m for the Ethernet port.
Table 1 Interfaces
Interfaces
Description
USB (Type A)
This USB port can be used to connect a printer, a USB memory stick or a keyboard.
This USB port is intended only for the connection between the instrument and a PC (when the
relevant software is installed).
USB (Type B)
Ethernet
The Ethernet port is intended for data transfer to a PC without installed software or in a local
network . Only use a shielded cable (e.g. STP, FTP, S/FTP) with a maximum length of 20 m for
the Ethernet port.
3.6 Cuvette compartments and cuvette adapters
3.6.1 Cuvette compartments and adapter
Open the cuvette compartments by sliding the cuvette
compartment cover to the left.
The cover lowers to the side next to the cuvette compartments.
Note: If there are long intervals between uses, close the cuvette
compartment cover to protect the optics of the instrument from dust and
impurities.
The instrument has two cuvette compartments (Figure 3). Only
one cell type at a time can be used for a reading.
Cell compartment (1) for:
•
11 mm round cuvettes
Note: Insert cuvette adapter Z into the cuvette compartment (2).
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Installation
Cell compartment (2) for:
The following cell types can be used in cell compartment (2).
•
Without cuvette adapter Z in the cuvette compartment (2),
you can insert 50 mm cuvettes.
•
With cuvette adapter Z: 10 mm square cuvettes.
Note: These cuvettes must be inserted with cuvette adapter Z.
Note: In the event of severe contamination, you can replace the cuvette
3.6.2 Installation of cuvette adapter Z
1. Open the cuvette compartment.
2. Insert cuvette adapter Z into the cuvette compartment (2) so
that the arrow on the cuvette adapter is pointing toward the
cuvette compartment (1) (Figure 3).
Note: The arrow on the cuvette adapter indicates the direction of the
light beam path.
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Section 4 Start Up
NOTICE
All screen displays in this operating manual correspond to the LCS IV.
The screen displays of the LCM IV may differ.
4.1 Switch on the instrument, startup process
1. Connect the power cable to the mains outlet.
2. Switch on the instrument by pressing the power switch next
to the screen.
3. The instrument starts automatically with a startup process
lasting approximately 45 seconds. The screen displays the
manufacturer's logo. At the end of the startup process, a
startup melody is heard.
Note: Wait approximately 20 seconds before switching on again so as
not to damage the electronics and mechanics of the instrument.
4.2 Language selection
The software supports multiple languages. The first time the
instrument is switched on, the language selection screen will be
shown automatically after the startup process.
1. Select the required language.
2. Press OK to confirm the language selection. The self-check
will then start automatically.
Change the language setting
The instrument functions in the selected language until the option
is changed.
1. Turn the instrument on.
2. During the startup process, touch any point on the screen
and maintain contact until the option for selecting a language
is shown (approximately 45 seconds).
3. Select the required language.
4. Press OK to confirm the language selection. The self-check
will then start automatically.
4.3 Self-check
Each time the instrument is powered up, a test program begins.
During the course of this program (approx. 25 seconds), system
tests, lamp tests, filter calibration, wavelength calibration and
voltage tests can be carried out. Each test that functions correctly
is marked accordingly.
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Start Up
The Main Menu is displayed when diagnostics are completed.
menu.
4.4 Sleep mode
The instrument can be put into sleep mode.
1. Briefly press the power switch next to the screen.
The "Sleep mode" message is shown. The screen will then
switch off automatically.
2. To switch on, press the power switch next to the screen.
The self-check will start automatically.
After that, the instrument is ready to use.
4.5 Power off the instrument
1. Press the power switch next to the screen for
approx. 5 seconds.
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Section 5 Standard programs
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 Tips for using the touch screen
The whole screen responds to touch. To choose an option, tap
with a fingernail, fingertip, an eraser or a specialised stylus. Do
not touch the screen with sharp objects, such as the tip of a
ballpoint pen.
•
Do not place anything on top of the screen, to prevent
damage or scratching on the screen.
•
•
Press buttons, words or icons to select them.
Use scroll bars to move up and down long lists very quickly.
Press and hold the scroll bar, then move up or down to move
through the list.
•
Highlight an item from a list by pressing it once. When the
item has been successfully selected, it will be displayed as
reversed text (light text on a dark background).
5.1.2 Use of the alphanumeric keypad
This display is used to enter letters, numbers and symbols as
needed when programming the instrument. Unavailable options
are disabled (grayed out). The icons on the right and left of the
screen are described in Table 2.
The central keypad changes to reflect the chosen entry mode.
Press a key repeatedly until the desired character appears on the
screen. A space can be entered by using the underscore on the
YZ_ key.
Press Cancel to cancel an entry, or press OK to confirm an entry.
Note: It is also possible to use a USB keyboard (with US keyboard
layout) or a hand-held USB barcode scanner (refer to Section 9,
page 107).
Table 2 Alphanumeric keypad
Icon / key
ABC/abc
# %
Description
Alphabetic
Symbols
Numeric
Clear Entry
Back
Function
Toggles the character input mode between upper and lower case.
Punctuation, symbols and numerical sub- and superscripts may be entered..
For entering regular numbers..
123
CE
Clear the entry.
Left Arrow
Right Arrow
Deletes the current character and goes back one position.
Navigates to the next space in an entry.
Next
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Standard programs
5.1.3 Main menu
A variety of modes may be selected from the Main Menu. The
following table briefly describes each menu option.
There is a toolbar on the right-hand side of the screen. Press to
activate the various functions.
Table 3 Main Menu options
Option
Function
The COLOR MEASUREMENT MODE is used to determine color values such as Hazen,
Gardner and Saybolt. The LCS IV also offers three-dimensional, absolute colorimetric
values, as well as the color scales of CIE L*a*b*, Hunter Lab or the European
Pharmacopoeia.
Color measurement
The mode for COLOR DIFFERENCE MEASUREMENT is used to determine a
quantitative color difference between a reference (R) and a sample (P) in the
three-dimensional color space (CIE L*a*b* or Hunter Lab). In this mode, an additional
reference memory for up to 100 references is available.
Color difference measurement
(only LCS IV)
Single wavelength readings are:
Absorbance readings: The light absorbed by the sample is measured in absorbance
units.
Single Wavelength
Transmittance reading (%): Measures the percent of the original light that passes
through the sample and reaches the detector.
Concentration readings: A concentration factor can be entered to enable the
measured absorbance values to be converted into concentration values.
Photometry
(only
In the Multi Wavelength mode, absorbance (Abs) or percentage transmittance (%T) is
measured at up to four wavelengths and absorbance differences and absorbance
relationships are calculated. Simple conversions into concentrations can also be
carried out.
Multi Wavelength
LCS IV)
The time scan records the absorbance or % transmittance at a wavelength over a
defined time.
Time course
A wavelength scan shows how the light from a sample is absorbed over a defined
wavelength spectrum. This function can be used to determine the wavelength at
which the maximum absorbance value can be measured. The absorbance behavior is
displayed graphically during the scan.
Wavelength Scan
The "System Check" menu contains a number of options, such as instrument
information, optical checks, instrument backup, service times, instrument update,
settings for analytical quality assurance and lamp history.
System Checks
Saved data can be retrieved, filtered, sent to a printer, memory stick or PC and
deleted.
Recall measurement data
Instrument Setup
This menu is used to configure user-specific and/or process-specific settings:
operator ID, date and time, security settings, saved data, sound, PC and printer and
energy management.
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Standard programs
5.2 Instrument Setup
1. In the main menu, select the menu option Instrument setup.
A selection of functions appears in order to configure the
functions of the instrument.
5.2.1 Operator ID
Use this option to enter up to 30 sets of operator initials (up to ten
characters each) into the instrument. This feature helps record
which operator measured each sample.
1. Press Operator ID in "Instrument setup".
2. Press Options > New to enter a new operator ID.
Note: If no operator ID has yet been entered, the alphanumeric
keyboard is immediately displayed.
3. Use the alphanumeric keypad to enter a new operator ID.
4. Press OK to confirm the entry.
5. Choose an icon for the operator ID using the Left Arrow and
Right Arrow.
6. Press Operator password to protect the operator ID with a
password.
7. Use the alphanumeric keypad to enter an operator password.
8. Press OK to confirm the entry.
9. Press Cancel to delete the complete entry for the operator
ID.
Press Back to reach to the input screen for operator ID.
Press OK to confirm the entry. The following screen is
displayed.
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Standard programs
10. With Back the device returns to the menu "Instrument
Setup".
Press Logout to log out of an active operator ID.
Press Login to activate a selected operator ID.
Press Options to enter, change or delete additional operator
IDs. The following screen is displayed.
11. Press New to enter another operator ID.
Press Delete to delete an operator ID.
Press Edit to edit an operator ID.
5.2.2 Sample ID
Use this option to enter up to 100 different sample designations
(up to 20 characters each) into the instrument. Sample IDs can
be used to specify the sample location or other sample specific
information, for example.
1. Press Sample ID in the toolbar on the right.
2. Press New to enter a new sample ID.
Note: If no sample ID has been entered yet, the alphanumeric
keyboard is immediately displayed.
3. Use the alphanumeric keypad to enter a new Sample ID.
page 25) is connected, Sample IDs can also be scanned.
4. Press OK to confirm the entry.
5. Assign the current time and date, a sequential number or a
colour to the sample ID.
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Standard programs
6. To number the sample IDs sequentially (e. g. Inflow (01) etc.),
press Add Number.
•
•
Use the arrow keys to specify the first number of the
sequence.
Use the key between the arrow keys to enter the first
number of the sequence using the alphanumeric keypad.
7. Press OK to return to the "Instrument Setup" menu.
The Sample ID is activated. Each Sample ID is automatically
numbered in ascending order after a reading. The number is
shown in parentheses behind the Sample ID.
8. Press Back to return the instrument to the "Instrument Setup"
menu.
Press Off to switch off the active sample ID.
Press Select to activate the selected sample ID.
Use Options to enter, change or delete additional sample
IDs. The following screen is displayed:
9. Press New to enter another sample ID.
Press Delete to delete a sample ID.
Press Edit to edit a sample ID.
Select Import Sample ID List to import *.txt and *.csv files
5.2.2.1 Sample ID with hand-held scanner method 1
1. Connect the hand-held scanner to the USB port.
Successful connection is indicated by a sound.
2. Press Sample ID > Options and NEW.
3. Read barcode with hand-held scanner.
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Standard programs
4. The sample ID can have the current date and time, a
sequential number and a colour allocated to it.
Select the required options or a colour.
5. Press OK to confirm the entry.
6. Press New again and repeat the process for each barcode.
5.2.2.2 Sample ID with hand-held scanner method 2
1. Read the sample ID in measurement mode with the
hand-held scanner and calibrate the cuvette.
The sample ID is saved togther with the measured value but
is not transferred to the list of sample IDs.
Note: To delete a sample ID, activate the ID by selecting it and pressing
Delete.
Note: A sample ID can be entered or changed in Reading Mode. To do
this, press Options > More > Instrument Setup. If a sample ID is
already assigned, select the "Sample ID" symbol.
5.2.2.3 Import sample ID list
1. Create an external sample ID list with a spreadsheet
program.
Four columns are permitted; column 1 contains the
sequential number, column 2 the sample designation,
columns 3 and 4 are optional.
Headings and comment lines must begin with #.
2. Create a folder named "Sample ID" on a USB stick or in your
established network.
3. Save the sample ID list with Save As in the format CSV or
UNICODE-TXT in the folder "Sample ID".
4. Connect the instrument to the USB stick or network.
All *.TXT and *.CSV files in the Sample ID folder will be
displayed for selection.
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Standard programs
5. Select the desired file with OK.
6. Transfer the displayed sample ID list with DONE.
5.2.3 Security settings
The "Security" menu contains a variety of security settings to
control access to various functions.
All functions can be allocated to three different security levels:
•
•
not secured: every operator can make changes in this area.
one key: every operator assigned this security level can
make changes to non-secured functions and functions with
one key.
•
two keys: every operator assigned this security level can
make changes in all functions
1. Press Security in the "Instrument Setup" menu.
2. In order to open the Security List, assign a password as
security administrator. Press Security Password.
3. Enter a new security password (up to 10 characters long) via
the alphanumeric keypad, and confirm with OK.
4. Press Security List to access various functions with security
level 1 or 2.
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Standard programs
5. Select the required function and press Setup.
6. Select the required security level (two keys, one key or off)
and confirm using OK.
7. Press OK to return to the "Security" menu.
8. Press On to activate the new settings of the security list.
9. Press OK to return to the "Instrument Setup" menu.
Note: The alphanumeric keypad for entering the password appears
when a user tries to reach a locked setting.
5.2.3.1 Assign operator security level
Every operator with an operator ID can be assigned a security
level. This assignment is connected to the operator password.
Setup must be coordinated with the security administrator and
the operator.
1. Press Operator ID in "Instrument setup".
2. Enter the security password and confirm with OK.
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Standard programs
4. Press Operator Password.
5. Enter the operator password and confirm with OK.
6. Press Security Level: <Off>.
7. Enter the security password and confirm with OK.
The current security level for the selected operator is shown.
8. Select the required security level for this operator ID and
confirm with OK.
9. Press OK.
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Standard programs
The operator ID is displayed with the selected security level.
10. Activate the selected operator ID by pressing Login.
11. Enter the operator password.
12. Confirm with OK and return to "Instrument Setup".
5.2.3.2 Deactivate password
1. Press Security in the "Instrument Setup" menu.
2. Enter the security password and confirm with OK.
3. Press Off to deactivate the settings of the Security List.
4. Press OK and return to the "Instrument Setup" menu.
Note: Use this function to delete the former password or to enter a new
one.
5.2.4 Date and time
1. Press Date and Time in "Instrument setup".
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2. Press Date Format for the date.
3. Press OK to confirm the entry.
4. Press Time Format for the time.
5. Press OK to confirm the entry.
6. Press OK to confirm the entry.
7. Enter the current date and time. Change the information
using the arrow keys.
8. Press OK to confirm the entry.
The instrument then returns to "Instrument Setup".
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5.2.5 Sound settings
1. Press Sound Settings in "Instrument Setup".
The following options will be displayed:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
All: Activates/deactivates a sound with a variable volume for
every function, with the exception of the timer.
Touch screen: Activates/deactivates a short sound with
variable volume every time the screen is touched.
Reading done: Activates/deactivates a short sound with
variable volume when the reading is done.
Timer: Sets short/long sound with variable volume when
timer has ended.
Startup: Activates/deactivates a startup melody with variable
volume when the test program is started.
Warning: Activates/deactivates a short sound with variable
volume if there is an error message.
Shutdown: Activates/deactivates a short sound with variable
volume when shutting down.
2. Select the required action.
3. Press Setup and complete the required settings.
4. Press OK to confirm the entry.
5. Press OK to confirm the entry.
The instrument then returns to "Instrument Setup".
5.2.6 PC and printer
As standard, the instrument has one Ethernet port and 2 USB
ports on the rear of the instrument, as well as one USB port on
can be used for exporting data and graphics to a printer, updating
data and transferring data to a PC and in a network. They are
intended for connecting a USB memory, an external USB keypad
or a USB barcode hand-held scanner.
Note: With a USB hub, you can connect various accessory instruments
at the same time.
A USB memory stick is used to update data, refer to
Note: A shielded USB cable must not be longer than 3 m!
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1. Press PC & Printer in "Instrument Setup".
A list with information about the connections opens.
5.2.6.1 Printer setup
2. Press Printer.
3. Press Setup to display the Printer Setup screen.
Printer Setup:
•
•
•
Resolution: Font size
Paper: Paper size
Network Printer: Automatic printer search or fixed input via IP
address.
Note: If an optional Thermal Printer is connected, the function "Auto
Send" on/off is available.
4. Press Resolution to select the print quality.
Select between:
•
•
•
100 dpi,
150 dpi and
300 dpi.
5. Press OK to confirm the entry.
Note: Press OK again to return to the "Instrument Setup" menu.
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6. Press Paper to select the paper size.
Select between:
•
•
•
•
Letter,
Monarch,
Executive,
A4.
7. Press OK to confirm the entry.
Note: Press OK again to return to the "Instrument Setup" menu.
5.2.6.2 Print data
1. In the main menu, press the Recall Data menu option.
2. Select the data source, where the data to be printed are
stored.
A list is displayed. Data can be filtered. Refer to
section 5.3.1.2, page 39 for more information.
3. Press the Send Data symbol to transmit data (table, curve)
directly to the printer.
4. Highlight Single point, Filtered data or All data and press
OK to confirm.
Sending data... appears on the screen until the data is
printed.
5.2.6.3 Print data continuously
If you would like to automatically print out all measured values
immediately after measurement, the use of a continuous form
printer is recommended, for example the 4" paper thermal printer
refer to Section 9, page 107.
1. Connect the thermal printer to a USB type A port.
2. Press PC and Printer in the "Instrument Setup" menu.
A list with information about the connections opens.
3. Highlight Printer.
4. Press Setup to display the Printer Setup screen.
5. Select Auto-Send: On to send all measured data
automatically to the Thermal printer.
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5.2.6.4 Network setup
The instrument supports communication in local networks. For
the setup of an Ethernet communication in networks, a special
configuration is required. The manufacturer recommends support
from a network administrator. Only use a shielded cable
(e.g. STP, FTP, S/FTP) with a maximum length of 20 m for the
Ethernet port. This section describes the setting options for the
photometer in relation to network communication.
The connection parameters must be configured for data transfer
to a PC or connection to a network.
1. Press PC & Printer in "Instrument Setup".
2. Press Network > Setup.
3. Press On and then LCS IV IP: Automatic.
4. Press IP address.
An IP address is used to send data from a sender to a
pre-defined recipient.
•
If the IP for the instrument is automatically assigned in
the network, no further settings are necessary. A
hostname can optionally be assigned.
•
If the instrument address is fixed, the connection must be
configured.
5. To configure the IP address, press Fix.
6. Press IP address and enter the address.
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In conjunction with the IP address of an instrument, the subnet
mask establishes which IP addresses are located within the local
network.
7. Press Subnet Mask and enter the address.
A Gateway enables data communication in networks that are
based on varying protocols.
8. Press Default Gateway and enter the address.
9. Press OK to confirm the entry.
10. Press Network Server to determine the destination for the
data transmission.
11. Press Netdrive and run a netdrive setup.
Alternatively, select FTP and run FTP Setup.
The procedures are completely identical. As an example,
Netdrive Setup is described here.
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The target site can be defined by IP address or a server name.
12. Press IP-Address and enter the IP address or select Server
Name and enter a server name.
13. Press Data Folder and enter the target folder name.
Note: A folder with the selected name must exist on the target
system. Additionally, the folder must be shared with the operator,
using the corresponding password.
14. Press OK to confirm the entry.
User and password must be identical to the settings on the
target system.
15. Press User and enter the user designation.
16. Press OK to confirm.
17. Press Password and enter the password.
18. Press OK to confirm the entry.
19. Press Factory Default to restore the network configuration to
the factory defaults.
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5.2.7 Power Management
1. Press Power Management in "Instrument setup".
2. Press Sleep Timer and then OK.
3. Select the required time span after which the instrument will
go into energy-saving sleep mode if it is not used (refer to
4. Press Power Off Timer and then OK.
5. Select the required time span after which the instrument will
automatically be powered off if it is not used, and confirm with
OK.
6. Press OK to confirm the entry.
The instrument then returns to "Instrument Setup".
5.3 Save, recall, send and delete data
Up to 3000 color measured values (400 color measured values
for LCM IV) can be saved in the measured data memory.
In addition, the LCS IV can store 100 reference color
measurements, 1000 single and multi-wavelength
measurements, 20 wavelength scans and 20 time scans.
A complete record of the analysis is stored, including the Date,
Time, Results, Sample ID and Operator ID.
5.3.1 Color values
Measurement results from the color measurement can be found
under Recall Data > Color Log.
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5.3.1.1 Automatic/manual color value storage
The data storage function indicates whether data is to be stored
automatically or manually (in the latter case, the user must decide
which data is to be saved).
1. Press Data Log Setup in the "Instrument Setup" menu.
•
•
With the Auto Store: On setting, the instrument
automatically saves all the calculated measured data
"after the measurement" or alternatively "after removing
the cuvette".
With the Auto Store: Off setting, the instrument saves
no measured data automatically. In measurement mode,
select Options > Save to save the currently displayed
measured value.
2. Specify the output format of data to be exported using Send
Data Format. Select xml or csv.
3. Press OK to confirm the entry.
The instrument then returns to "Instrument Setup".
Note: When the measured data memory of the device has reached its
maximum storage capacity, the oldest data record is automatically
deleted so that the new data can be saved.
5.3.1.2 Recall color values from the measured data memory
1. In the main menu, press the Recall Data menu option.
2. Press Color Log.
A listing of the stored data is displayed.
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3. Press Filter: On/Off.
The function Filter Settings is used to search for specific
items.
4. Activate On. The data can now be filtered using the following
selection criteria.
•
•
•
•
Sample ID
Operator ID
Start Date
Color Scale
or any combination of the four.
5. Press OK to confirm the selection.
The chosen items are listed.
6. Press View Details to get more information.
7. Press Options and Graph Data.
A graphic trend of all color values stored in the selected
period and color system is displayed. The trend shows a
visual impression of the measured process values, e.g.
during production supervision in the shift operation.
8. Press the arrow buttons on the right of the graph to move
the dotted cursor line inside of the trend graph to the different
measurement values. The color value of the marked
measurement is shown on the left vertical axis and the
date/time of this measurement is shown below the horizontal
axis.
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9. Press Control Limit.
10. Highlight On to change the Upper Control Limit and the
Lower Control Limit settings.
11. The measured points symbol changes the display of the
measured points.
5.3.1.3 Send color values from the measured data memory
Data is sent from the internal data memory as an XML file
(Extensible Markup Language) or as CSV files(Comma
Separated Value) to a USB mass storage device or to a network,
to a directory with the name ColorLog. The file can then be
processed using a spreadsheet program. The file name has the
following format: CL_Instrument Type_Serial
Number_Year-Month-Day_Hour_
Minute_Second.csv or CL_Instrument Type_Serial
Number_Year-Month-Day_Hour_
Minute_Second.xml.
1. Plug the USB memory stick into the USB-A port on the
instrument or connect the instrument to a network drive (see
2. In the main menu, press the Recall Data option.
3. Select the data category to be transferred, e. g. Color Log.
A list of the selected measurement data is displayed.
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4. Press Options and then the PC & Printer icon.
5. Select the data to be sent.
The following options are available:
•
•
Single point: only this selected reading will be sent
Filtered data: only readings that correspond to the set
filters will be sent
•
All data: all data in the selected data category will be
sent.
6. Press OK to confirm.
Note: The number in parentheses is the total number of data sets
assigned to this selection.
5.3.1.4 Delete color values from the measured data memory
1. In the main menu, press the Recall Data menu option.
2. Press Color Log > Options > Delete.
3. Highlight Single point, Filtered data or All data and press
OK to confirm.
Note: The number in parentheses is the total number of data sets
assigned to this selection.
5.3.2 Control charts for data from the AQA Log
1. In the main menu, press the Recall Data menu option.
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2. Press AQA Log.
A listing of the stored data is displayed.
3. Press Filter: On/Off.
4. Activate On.
5. Select a required parameter.
6. Press OK to confirm the selection.
The chosen items are listed.
7. Press Options > Control Chart.
The measured standard concentrations are displayed
graphically with the control limits and date.
5.3.3 Data log (only LCS IV)
Measurement results from the photometric measurements of
single and multi-wavelengths can be found under Recall Data
Data Log.
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5.3.3.1 Automatic/manual saving of single and multi-wavelength measurements
The data log function indicates whether data is to be stored
automatically or manually (in the latter case, the user must decide
which data is to be saved).
1. Press Data Log Setup in the "Instrument Setup" menu.
•
•
With the Auto Store: On setting, the instrument
automatically saves all the calculated measured data
"after the measurement" or alternatively "after removing
the cuvette".
With the Auto Store: Off setting, the instrument saves
no measured data automatically. In measurement mode,
Options > Save can be used to save the currently
displayed measured value.
2. Specify the output format of data to be exported using Send
Data Format. Select xml or csv.
3. Press OK to confirm the entry.
The instrument then returns to "Instrument Setup".
Note: When the measured data memory of the instrument has reached
its maximum storage capacity, the oldest data record is automatically
deleted so that the new data can be saved.
5.3.3.2 Recall single and multi-wavelength measurements from the measured data memory
1. In the main menu, press the Recall Data menu option.
2. Press Data Log.
A listing of the stored data is displayed.
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3. Press Filter: On/Off.
The function Filter Settings is used to search for specific
items.
4. Activate On. The data can now be filtered using the following
selection criteria.
•
•
•
•
Sample ID
Operator ID
Start Date
Parameter (Single or multi-wavelength)
or any combination of the four.
5. Press OK to confirm the selection.
The chosen items are listed.
6. Press View Details to get more information.
7. Press Options and View Graph.
A graphic trend of all wavelength measurements stored in the
selected period is displayed. The trend shows a visual
impression of the measured process values, e.g. during
production supervision in the shift operation.
8. Press the arrow buttons on the right of the graph to move
the dotted cursor line inside of the trend graph to the different
measurement values. The absorbance of the selected
measurement is displayed on the left vertical axis, while the
date/time of this measurement is displayed below the
horizontal axis.
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9. Press Control Limit.
10. Highlight On to change the Upper Control Limit and the
Lower Control Limit settings.
11. The measured points symbol changes the display of the
measured points.
5.3.3.3 Send single and multi-wavelengths from the measured data memory
Data is sent from the internal data log as an XML (Extensible
Markup Language) file or as a CSV (Comma Separated Value)
file, to a directory with the name DataLog on a USB mass storage
device or a network drive. The file can then be processed using a
spreadsheet program. The file name has th format:
DL_Instrument Type_Serial Number_Year-Month-Day_Hour_
Minute_Second.csv or DL_Instrument Type_Serial
Number_Year-Month-Day_Hour_
Minute_Second.xml.
1. Plug the USB memory stick into the USB-A port on the
instrument or connect the instrument to a network drive (see
2. In the main menu, press the Recall Data menu option.
3. Select the data category to be transferred, e.g. Data Log.
A list of the selected measurement data is displayed.
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4. Press Options and then the PC & Printer icon.
5. Select the data to be sent.
The following options are available:
•
•
Single point: only this selected reading will be sent
Filtered data: only readings that correspond to the set
filters will be sent
•
All data: all data in the selected data category will be
sent.
6. Press OK to confirm.
Note: The number in parentheses is the total number of data sets
assigned to this selection.
5.3.3.4 Delete single and multi-wavelengths from the measured data memory
1. In the main menu, press the Recall Data menu option.
2. Press Data Log > Options > Delete.
3. Highlight Single point, Filtered data or All data and press
OK to confirm.
Note: The number in parentheses is the total number of data sets
assigned to this selection.
5.3.4 Wavelength scan and time course (LCS IV only)
You can save 20 data records for the wavelength scan and 20
data records for the time course. The data must be stored
manually after it is displayed.
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5.3.4.1 Data storage from wavelength scan or time course
1. Press the Folder icon in the "Options" menu after a reading
is taken.
The Store Data list will be displayed.
2. Press Store to save the current scan to the highlighted
numbered line.
Note: Scans can be overwritten.
5.3.4.2 Recall stored data from wavelength scan or time course
1. In the main menu, press the Recall Data menu option.
a. Select Wavelength Scan or Time Course to recall data.
b. If you are already working in one of these programs,
press Options > More > Recall Data.
2. Select the required data.
3. Tap on Graph to display details.
Note: Press View List to return to "Recall Data".
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4. Press Table to display details.
Note: Press View List to return to the "Recall Data" list.
5.3.4.3 Send data from wavelength scan or time course
There are two ways to recall sent data to a USB memory stick,
printer or PC with Hach Data Trans.
Option 1:
1. In the main menu, press the Recall Data menu option and
then Wavelength Scan or Time Course.
2. Press Options and then the PC & Printer icon to send the
data to a USB memory stick, to a printer or to a PC with Hach
Data Trans.
•
•
When a printer is connected, select how to send the data
to the printer (graph, table or both graph and table).
If a USB memory stick is connected, the files will be
automatically sent to the USB memory stick as xml or csv
files in the file folder "WLData (data of a wavelength
scan) or "TCData" (data of a time course).
The file name has the following format:
•
Data from a wavelength scan:
"ScanData_LCS IV_Serial NUmber_X.xml" or
"ScanData_LCS IV_Serial Number_X.csv"
•
Data of a time course:
"TCData_Serial Number_X.xml" or
"TCData_Serial Number_X.csv"
X = number of scans (1–20).
For further processing use a spreadsheet program.
Note: The message, "Data already present. Overwrite?" is displayed if
the files are already stored. Press OK to overwrite the stored data.
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Option 2:
1. Press Wavelength Scan or Time Course and then Options
> More > Send Data to send the data to a USB memory
stick or to a printer.
•
When a printer is connected, select how to send the data
to the printer (graph, table or both graph and table).
•
If a USB memory stick is connected, the files will be
automatically sent to the USB memory stick as xml or csv
files in the file folder "WLData (data from a wavelength
scan) or "TCData" (data from a time course).
The file name has the following format:
•
Data from a wavelength scan:
"ScanData_LCS IV_Serial Number_Year-Month-Day_
Hour_Minute_Second.xml" or
"ScanData_LCS IV_Serial Number_Year-Month-Day_
Hour_Minute_Second.csv"
•
Data from a time course:
"TCData_LCS IV_Serial Number_Year-Month-Day_
Hour_Minute_Second.xml" or
"TCData_LCS IV_Serial Number_Year-Month-Day_
Hour_Minute_Second.csv"
For further processing use a spreadsheet program.
5.3.4.4 Delete stored data from wavelength scan or time course
1. In the main menu, press the Recall Datamenu option and
thenWavelength Scanor Time Course.
A listing of the stored data is displayed.
2. Highlight any data to delete.
3. Press Delete in the "Options" menu and press OK to confirm.
5.3.5 Trends
You can use the Trends function to recall a load curve of the
saved measured values for each color value and sample location.
The concentration of the corresponding parameter is shown
graphically over time.
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1. Press Recall Data > Trends.
2. A list of all trend analyses is displayed.
3. Press Options and New to create a new trend.
Edit enables you to change the settings for an existing trend,
Delete enables you to delete an existing trend.
4. Define the trend settings according to sample ID, operator ID,
time interval and parameter.
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5. Use control limits to define the upper and lower limits that are
displayed in the graphic.
6. Select the required trend and confirm with Select.
7. The trend can be displayed in several formats, as a line or as
points.
8. Press Information to recall an overview of the parameter
information.
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9. Press Add Data to include additional measured values in the
trend.
5.4 Take and prepare samples
Take a representative sample from the product you wish to
measure in accordance with DIN EN ISO 15528 (or ASTM
D3925-02).
If the material shows any signs of turbidity, remove this turbidity
by filtration, centrifuging, heating, ultrasound treatment or other
suitable means.
Heat partly solid samples before measuring in order to dissolve
the solid material in the liquid. The preparation must not cause
any chemical changes in the sample.
Make sure that during the measurement there are no bubbles in
the sample.
For the color difference measurement, three cuvette types are
available that differ in terms of material (glass, PS and PMMA)
and path length (10 mm, 11 mm and 50 mm). Add approx. 2 cm
of the sample to the cuvette. The light beam passes through the
cuvette approx. 0.5 cm to 1.5 cm above the bottom of the cuvette.
The program calculates the iodine, Hazen, Gardner, Saybolt,
Klett and ASTM D 1500 color values automatically and displays
the color values. The cuvette type being used is taken into
consideration.
A dry thermostat is available for the round disposable glass
cuvettes with 11 mm. The dry thermostat heats up the cuvette to
any temperature between ambient temperature and 150 °C
(302 °F).
NOTICE
The samples must be clear and free of turbidity. If products in paste or
solid form cannot be measured directly, the product must be melted
before being transferred to the cuvettes/sample cells. Make sure the
cuvettes/sample cells do not contain any air bubbles.
•
•
Always hold the cuvette/sample cell close to the top to make
sure that there are no fingerprints in the measurement zone
of the cuvette/sample cell. Use suitable transfer pipettes to
introduce samples into the cuvettes/sample cells.
Slowly add samples to the cuvettes/sample cells to make
sure air bubbles do not form on the cuvette/sample cell wall
and in the sample. Air bubbles will cause false readings.
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•
•
If air bubbles are entrapped, remove them by heat, vacuum,
ultrasonic treatment or other suitable means.
Clean the outside of the cuvettes/sample cells thoroughly
before inserting them in the cell compartment.
NOTICE
Before using disposable cuvettes/sample cells made of PS
(Polystyrene) or PMMA (Polymethyl methacrylate), be sure that the
cuvettes/sample cells will not be destroyed by samples, otherwise the
cell compartment can be damaged.
5.5 Color measurement
Proper sample preparation is extremely important for accurate
color measurement. To make sure that an exact measurement is
taken, refer to the following sample preparation guidelines:
•
Always clean the glass cuvettes/sample cells immediately
after use.
•
Only use optically preferred samples for measurement. Make
sure the cuvettes/sample cells are clean and show no signs
of opaqueness.
•
•
Slowly add the liquid to the cuvette in order to prevent the
formation of air bubbles in the sample.
preparing and taking samples.
The color measurement mode is used to determine absolute
color values in the Hazen, Gardner, CIE L*a*b* or European
Pharmacopoeia color scales.
For each cuvette type (11 mm round cuvette and 10 and
50 mm square cuvettes), an independent calibration data record
is used.
It is possible to calibrate the instrument with one, two or three
types of cuvettes/sample cells and to use these different
cuvette/sample cell types in parallel.
To use the 10 mm square cuvette and 11 mm round cuvettes,
adapter Z must be inserted into the cuvette compartment (2). For
measurements with 50 mm square cuvettes, you must remove
the adapter.
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5.5.1 Take a color measurement
1. Press Color Measurement.
2. Insert a cuvette/sample cell with distilled water to calibrate.
Note: Always carry out the calibration very carefully, as a faulty
calibration can cause inaccurate results to be obtained.
3. The calibration starts automatically once the instrument has
detected the cuvette.
The type of cuvette/sample cell used and the exact progress
of calibration is shown in a separate window.
4. After calibration, the cuvette size used is displayed in the top
right.
Note: After calibration, you can measure the cuvette with distilled
water again as a sample.
The displayed measured values should match the uncolored color
indices (i.e. Hazen = 0, Gardner = 0.0, CIE L*a*b* = 100.0, 0.0, 0.0,
etc.)
5. Insert the test cuvette.
The measurement starts automatically.
The result of the color calculation is displayed.
Note: The bar on the right next to the result shows the result relative
to the measurement range.
6. For the next measurement, remove the cuvette and insert the
next sample cuvette, or press Measure to measure the same
sample again.
5.5.1.1 Touch-sensitive areas in measurement mode
In measurement mode, there are touch-sensitive areas that give
you immediate access to various menu options.
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Figure 4
Touch-sensitive areas in measurement mode
1
2
Open Select Color Scale, and select the scale for the
4
5
Change the Upper Limit of the color range (see
Change the displayed color scale to the next color
system which is selected in the Operator ID color scale
Change the Lower Limit of the color range (see
3
OpenSample ID to change or add the sample ID (see
6
Open Comments to enter a comment.
5.5.1.2 Parameter setup options
Press Options to set up the parameter.
Table 4 Color measurement options
Description
For further Options
Options
More
Symbol: Store Data, if Instrument Setup > Data Log Setup > Auto Store: Off is selected.
Symbol: Recall Data, if Instrument Setup > Data Log Setup > Auto Store: On is selected.
Save icon
Send Data icon
Color Scale
To send data to a printer, computer or USB memory stick (USB A) or network.
Select the color scale
VIEW GRAPH shows the spectral graph of the transmittance or absorbance graph.
Note: View Graph is activated after the first measured value.
View Graph
View Table
View Values
VIEW TABLE displays the spectral transmittance values T% from 380 nm to 720 nm.
VIEW VALUESdisplays the result of the last color calculation.
UNITS: Select absorbance or transmittance.
SCALE: In the automatic Scale mode, the y-axis is automatically adjusted so that the total scan
is displayed.
Scale & Units
Ph.Eur.: Auto
The manual Scale mode allows sections of the scan to be displayed.
European Pharmacopoeia
Select AUTO or the REQUIRED SCALE
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Table 4 Color measurement options(Continued)
Description
Options
Define 3 different color scale combinations with up to 3 different color scales for the result display.
Selection 1: Klett Color No. + Yellowness Index
Color Scale Selection
Selection 2: Klett Color No. + ADMI Color No. + Yellowness Index
Selection 3: Yellowness Index + individual transmittance
Illuminant: Select C, A or D65
Observer: 2° or 10°
Illuminant/Observer:
C/2°
Color Scales for
Operator ID:
Individual selection of the color scales for the operator ID.
5.5.1.3 Change the color scale after a measurement
1. Press the touch-sensitive area, e. g. Color Value Gardner.
2. A list of all color scales is displayed.
3. Select the required scale.
4. Press OK to confirm.
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The current result of the actual reading and all further
measurements will be displayed in the selected color scale.
Alternative
1. Tap the touch-sensitive area Result .
2. The result is shown in the next color scale in the list.
5.5.1.4 Change the measuring range after a measurement
1. Tap the touch-sensitive areas for the upper or lower limits of
the barchart.
2. Enter the new limit and press OK to confirm.
Note: The changed measurement range limit is displayed in blue.
Note: It is only possible to change the limits inside the measuring range
of the color scale. It is not possible to expand the range, e. g. to Hazen
2000.
The current result and all further measurements will be displayed
with the new measuring range.
5.5.2 Determination of the iodine color value
DIN 6162 defines the iodine color value as mg iodine per 100 mL
potassium iodide solution. Color matching with the iodine color
scale determines the depth of color of clear liquids like solvents,
plasticisers, resins, oils and fatty acids, whose color is similar to
that of a solution of iodine and potassium iodide of the same
thickness.
For iodine color values of less than or approximately 1, the
determination of the Hazen value according to DIN-ISO 6271 is to
be preferred. Taking and preparing samples is described in
with sufficient accuracy using an 11 mm disposable glass round
cuvette.
5.5.3 Determination of the Hazen color value (Pt-Co or APHA method)
The Hazen color value (ISO 6271, also referred to as the "APHA
method" or Platinum-Cobalt Scale) is defined as mg platinum per
1 liter of solution. The Hazen parent solution comprises 1.246 g
potassium-hexachloroplatinate (IV) and 1.00 g cobalt(II) chloride,
which is dissolved in 100 mL hydrochloric acid and topped up to
1000 mL with distilled water.
The Hazen-color scale is used to evaluate the colors of nearly
water-clear products. It has narrower gradations in the light
yellow range than the Iodine Color Scale and extends to
water-clear color casts.
Note: Samples with Hazen values of between 50 and 1000 can be
measured with sufficient accuracy in 10 mm square and 11 mm round
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cuvettes. Hazen values below 50 should be measured in
50 mm cuvettes. Hazen values below 10 should be measured only with
the 50 mm cuvette that was used for the calibration. The reason for this
is that almost colorless products can cause false measurement results
due to the cuvette tolerances.
5.5.4 Determination of the Gardner color value
The Gardner color value is defined in DIN-ISO 4630. The
Gardner color values for lighter color tones (1 to 8) are based on
potassium-chloroplatinate solutions, while the color values for
darker color tones (9 to 18) are based on solutions of iron(III)
chloride, cobalt(II) chloride and hydrochloric acid. You can
determine Gardner values with all cuvette path lengths (but only
values up to Gardner color value 4 in 50 mm cuvettes).
The 10 mm and 11 mm cuvettes, however, usually offer adequate
accuracy.
5.5.5 Determination of the Mineral oil color value (ASTM D 1500 and ISO 2049)
The mineral oil color scale is used to evaluate the color of mineral
oil products such as lubricating oils, fuel oil, diesel fuel and
paraffin. The color scale starts at color value 0 for water-white,
non-colored oils and ends at 8 for very dark brown oils. The
substances are optically rated in multiples of 0.5 (0.5; 1.0; 1.5
etc.). The instrument displays the results in multiples of 0.1. For
samples whose color value is higher than 8, *** is displayed.
Note: Due to the strong color of the ASTM D 1500 color number, it is
only calculated for 11 mm round or 10 mm square cuvettes. No
calculation is carried out for the 50 mm path length.
5.5.6 Determination of the Saybolt color number (ASTM D 156)
The Saybolt color scale is used to evaluate refined oil products
such as petrol and kerosene, as well as petroleum waxes and
pharmaceutical white oils.
The Saybolt color properties are comparable to those of the
Hazen scale (APHA). The Saybolt color scale starts at color value
+30 (lightest color, corresponds to approx. 8 to 10 Hazen) and
ends at -16 (strongest color, corresponds to approx. 350 Hazen).
The measurements can be taken in cuvettes with path lengths of 10 mm,
11 mm or 50 mm. A longer path length increases the measurement
accuracy (50 mm recomended).
5.5.7 Color determinations only by LCS IV
5.5.7.1 Color determination according to the European Pharmacopoeia (EP)
The method used to determine coloration according to the
Europeean Pharmacopoeia (Pharm.Eur.) corresponds to the
specifications in Chapter 2.2.2 of the Pharmacopeia "Degree of
Coloration of Liquids", in which a total of 37 color reference
solutions for the color tones yellow (Y1 – Y7), green-yellow (GY1
– GY7), brownish-yellow (BY1 – BY7), brownish (B1-B9) and red
(R1-R7) are defined. Each color reference solution is clearly
defined in the CIE L*a*b* color space in terms of brightness, hue
and saturation.
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There are two ways of color matching of a sample with the
Ph.Eur.system.system:
•
Automatic: The color of the solution is compared to the
colors of the 37 color reference solutions. The identifier of the
reference solution whose color is closest to that of the sample
(i.e. the reference solution with the smallest color difference
E* to the sample) is displayed.
•
Specified scale: A scale is specified (e.g. BY). The identifier
of the reference solution whose color is closest to that of the
sample (i.e. the reference solution with the smallest color
difference E* to the sample within the specified scale) is
displayed.
If a scale is defined (e.g. scale BY), one of the following five
symbols is used to define the relationship between the measured
results and the scale (see Table 5).
Table 5 Specified scale
Character
= equal
Description
The color number of the sample is equal to that of the reference solution
The color number of the sample is less than that of the reference solution
The color number of the sample is greater than that of the reference solution
The color number of the sample is between those of two reference solutions
< less
> greater
<> between
The color numner of the sample does not match any reference solution in this scale, but the
indicated reference solution is nearest in color
-> next
The L*, a* and b* values are the numerical differences
between the L*, a* and b* values of the samples and the
displayed Pharmacopeia color reference solution. The
measurements can be taken using cuvettes with 10 mm, 11 mm
or 50 mm path lengths. The CIE L*a*b*values depend on the path
length and are always related to the type of cuvette/sample cell
employed. The longer the path length, the better the measuring
accuracy.
1. Insert the test cuvette.
The result of the color calculation is displayed.
2. Press the Auto B 4 touch-sensitive area.
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3. Press Auto.
4. Press Graph.
The color matching result is now displayed graphically.
The upper value shows the option used for the color matching
calculation which can be Auto for matching in all 5
Pharm.Eur.Scales or B, BY, Y, GY or R for matching only inside of
the selected color scale.
The lower entry shows the color matching result, e. g. brown 4
(B4) in this example.
The Lab* value shows the color difference of the measured
sample relative to the stated reference solution B4.
The E* value shows the three-dimensional color difference of
the measured sample relative to the stated reference solution B4.
5. Press Return to change the option for the color matching
function.
6. Select Scale is displayed.
7. The option for color matching to a special scale can be
changed.
8. Graph offers a visualisation of the matching result in the
selected matching option.
9. Depending on the scale selection, the appropriate graph of
the color scale will be displayed.
When option Auto is selected the a*, b* color locus of the
measured sample will be displayed in all 5 color scales of the
Pharm Eur.
10. Press the Print symbol to print the graph.
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The CIE L*a*b* values depend on the path length of the
cuvette/sample cell. Therefore the scale of the a*, b* axis in the
graph depends also on the cuvette/sample cell size.
Graph for the greenish yellow scale GY.
Graph for the brownish scale B.
Graph for the brownish yellow scale BY.
Graph for the yellow scale Y.
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Graph for the red scale R.
If the CIE L*a*b* value of the sample does not correspond to any
reference solution in a selected scale, the > (next) symbol
appears, followed by the next reference solution with the smallest
color difference E*. In this case, select Auto for a color
matching in all scales to see which color scale and color
reference solution is the closest to the sample color.
If the color space of the sample is outside the graph of a color
comparison scale, the error message Value outside! appears
above the graph.
5.5.7.2 Color determination according to the US Pharmacopoeia (USP)
The method used to determine color according to the US
Pharmacopoeia corresponds to the specifications in Chapter 631
"Color and Achromicity" and in Chapter 1061 "Color -
Instrumental measurement". A total of 20 color reference
solutions (identified by the sequential letters A to T) are defined in
the US Pharmacopeia. The color of the measured sample is
automatically correlated to the color reference solutions. This
means that the color reference solution that is closest to the
sample (i.e. the reference solution with the smallest color
difference E* to the color of the sample) is displayed. The values
L*, a* and b* are the quantitative differences between the L*,
a* and b* values of the sample and those of the displayed USP
solutions.
The measurements can be taken using cuvettes with path lengths
of 10 mm, 11 mm or 50 mm. The use of longer path lengths
increases the accuracy of the measurement.
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The CIE L*a*b* values depend on the path length and are always
related to the type of cuvette/sample cell used.
1. Press US Pharmacopoeia.
2. Insert the test cuvette.
3. The result of the color calculation is displayed.
The L*a*b* value shows the color difference of the measured
sample relative to the next USP color standard, which is
displayed above the color difference values (in this case color
standard B).
The E* value shows the three-dimensional color difference of
the measured sample relative to the USP color standard B.
The touch-sensitive area around the color standard is active.
4. Press the area around the color standard (in this case B).
The color axis a*, b* and the loci of the sample (+) is
displayed as well as the USP color standards. The color
matching result is displayed graphically.
5. Press the Send Data symbol to print the graphic or Return to
exit the window.
5.5.7.3 Color determination according to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (CP)
The Chinese grade scheme for pharmaceutical solutions is split
into five color scales: yellow-green (YG1 - YG10); yellow (Y1 -
Y10); orange-yellow (OY1 - OY10); orange-red (OR1 - OR10);
brown-red (BR1 - BR10). The Chinese Pharmacopoeia
resembles the color scales of the European Pharmacopoeia
(EP), with yellow, red and blue primary solutions. The yellow
solutions, however, differ from the European Pharmacopoeia in
the proportion of solution and color designation.
5.5.7.4 Determination of the Klett color value
The Klett color number is used in the cosmetics industry to
evaluate surfactants and detergents. The Klett color value is
usually measured in 40 mm cuvettes/sample cells with a
Summerson photometer using a blue filter (no. 42).
The measuring range starts at Klett color number 0 and ends at
Klett color number 1000.
You can measure the Klett color value with all cuvette types (10,
11 and 50 mm). The 50 mm cuvette, however, offers the highest
accuracy. For Klett, however, the measurement result is always
calculated with 40 mm and blue filter no. 42.
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5.5.7.5 Determination of the AOCS Cc 13 e (Lovibond®) scale
The calculation of the Lovibond color values is derived from the
methods AOCS Cc 13e or BS 684 -1.14 and based on the
yellow/red values (5 1/2 inch or 1 inch) of the AF900/AF960
instruments. On the printout, the 1" values are identified by a 1.
5.5.7.6 Determination of the Yellowness Index (ASTM D 1925)
The Yellowness Index is calculated and displayed according to
ASTM D 1925 for standard illuminant C and a 2° standard
observer. This color value can be measured in 10 mm, 11 mm or
50 mm cuvettes.
The Yellowness Index is calculated as follows:
Y i = 100 × ( 1.277 × X 1.059 × Z ) / Y
5.5.7.7 Determination of the Hess-Ives color number
The Hess-Ives color number is used in the cosmetics industry to
evaluate the color of fat derivatives. It combines in one number
the weighted color intensities, which represent the red, green and
blue parts of the transmittance spectrum of the sample at
3 wavelengths. It is defined in DGK 8 method no. F 050.2 and
calculated and displayed in accordance with this method. The
Hess-Ives color number is calculated from:
H - I = ((R + G + B) ×6) / path length
R, G and B are the color components for the red (640 nm), green
(560 nm) and blue (464 nm) parts. For R,G and B:
R = 43.45 × E
640
G = 162.38 × E
560
B = 22.89 × (E
+ E ) / 2
470
460
5.5.7.8 Determination of the ADMI color number
The ADMI color number is used to measure the color of water
and wastewater having color characteristics significantly different
from platinum-cobalt standards, as well as to those similar in hue
to the standards.
The American Dye Manufacturers Institute (ADMI) has adopted
the Platinum-Cobalt standard of the American Public Health
Association (APHA) as the standard for color value. Although this
standard is yellow, the ADMI method works for all hues.
The measurements can be taken using 10 mm, 11 mm or 50 mm
cuvettes. A longer path length increases the measurement
accuracy (50 mm path length is recommended).
Turbid samples must be filtered prior to analysis.
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5.5.7.9 Determination of the Acid wash color
ASTM D848 - 09 is the standard test method for the acid wash
color in the "aromatic hydrocarbon" industry. The test procedure
covers the determination of the acid wash color for benzene,
toluene, xylene, refined solvents such as naphtha and similar
aromatic hydrocarbons. The color scale was developed for
detecting impurities in industrial aromatic hydrocarbons. Sulfur
contamination causes the material to discolor, for example.
5.5.7.10 Determination of the ICUMSA color index
The ICUMSA (International Commission for Uniform Methods of
Sugar Analysis) color index is a photometric method for color
correction of filtered sugar solutions. The test method is based on
the transmittance of the solution with a known concentration (Brix
value) at a wavelength of 420 nm.
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5.6 Measurement of color differences (LCS IV only)
The mode for color difference measurement is used to determine
a quantitative color difference between a reference (R) and a
sample (P) in the three-dimensional color space (CIE L*a*b* or
Hunter Lab). In this mode, an additional reference memory for up
to 100 references is available.
5.6.1 Take a color difference measurement
1. In the Main Menu, press Color Difference Measurement.
2. Insert a reference cuvette/cell.
3. The CIE L*a*b* reference value of the sample is displayed.
4. Remove the reference cuvette/cell.
5. Insert the sample cuvette/cell or press Measure to measure
the reference cuvette/cell once again.
6. The color values of the sample and the color differences
between the sample and the reference are displayed.
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7. Press Option for Parameter Setup. Table 6 contains
additional information on the program options.
Table 6 Options for color difference measurement
Description
Options
More
For further Options
Symbol: Store Data, if Instrument Setup > Data Log Setup > Auto Store: Off is selected.
Symbol: Recall Data, if Instrument Setup > Data Log Setup > Auto Store: On is selected.
Save icon
Send Data icon
Color Scale
To send data to a printer, computer or USB memory stick (Type A)
Select the color scale
VIEW GRAPH shows the spectral graph of the transmission or absorbance curve.
"View Graph" will be activated after the first reading.
View Graph
View Table
View Values
VIEW TABLE displays the spectral transmittance values T% from 380 nm to 720 nm.
VIEW VALUES shows the result of the last color calculation.
UNITS: Select absorbance or transmittance.
SCALE: In the automatic Scale mode, the y-axis is automatically adjusted so that the total scan is
displayed.
Scale & Units
The manual Scale mode allows sections of the scan to be displayed.
European Pharmacopoeia
Ph.Eur.: Auto
Select AUTO or REQUIRED SCALE
Select Reference
Select stored reference data.
Define 3 different color scale combinations with up to 3 different color scales for the result display.
Selection 1: Klett color number + Yellowness Index
Color Scale selection
Selection 2: Klett color number + ADMI color number + Yellowness Index
Selection 3: Yellowness Index + individual transmittance
Illuminant: Select C, A or D65
Observer : 2° or 10°
Illuminant/observer
Color Scales for
Operator ID
Configure the color scale to display or to print
Store new reference data.
Store Reference
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5.6.1.1 View graph/table/values
1. Press Options > View Graph to display the transmittance
graph for the sample (black line) and the reference (red line)
in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 720 nm on the x-axis
and the % transmittance on the y-axis.
In the middle of the graph a dotted cursor line is displayed.
Below the graphic, the transmission difference between
reference and sample on the current cursor position is
displayed.
2. Press the appropriate button on the right screen to move the
cursor line left or right or touch any position inside of the
graph area. In the middle of the x-axis the wavelength at the
actual cursor position is displayed.
3. Press Options > More > Scale & Units > Ext. A graph
showing the absorbance curve for the measurement is
displayed. Below the graph diagram, the absorption
difference is displayed.
4. Press Options > View Table to switch to the table of
transmittance values or absorbance values (depending on
the option selected in "Scale & Units").
There are three columns in which the wavelengths 380 nm to
580 nm and the corresponding transmittance/absorbance are
displayed.
Scroll down to display the transmittance and absorbance
wavelengths up to 720 nm.
5. Press Options > View Values. The color value of the sample
is displayed.
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5.6.2 Take a color difference measurement with stored reference values
1. Press Color Difference Measurement from the Main Menu.
2. Press Select Reference.
3. A list of available references is displayed.
4. Press the required reference.
5. Press Select Reference to confirm.
6. Insert the test cuvette.
Important note: For the color difference measurement, it is
absolutely necessary that the type of cuvette/sample cell used for
the sample measurement is identical to the type of
cuvette/sample cell that was used for the reference
measurement.
Example:
It is not possible to select a reference that was measured in a
10 mm cuvette, and then run a difference measurement with a
50 mm cuvette.
5.6.3 Add a reference to the reference list
1. Press Color Difference Measurement from the Main Menu.
2. Insert a reference cuvette/cell.
3. Press Options >More > Store Reference. The Reference
Data list is displayed.
4. Press a free reference number.
5. Press Store.
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5.7 Photometry (LCS IV only)
In the photometry mode, photometric measurements can be
carried out as:
•
•
•
•
Single wavelength measurements
Multi wavelength measurements
Time course
Wavelength scans
5.7.1 Single Wavelength (absorbance, concentration and transmittance readings)
The Single Wavelength mode can be used in three ways. For
sample readings at a single wavelength, the instrument can be
programmed to measure the absorbance, % transmittance or
concentration of the analyte.
•
•
•
Absorbance readings: The light absorbed by the sample is
measured in absorbance units.
% Transmittance measures the percent of the original light
that passes through the sample and reaches the detector.
Turning on the concentration factor allows selection of a
specific multiplier for converting absorbance readings to
concentration. In a graph of concentration versus the
absorbance, the concentration factor is the slope of the line.
5.7.1.1 Set up Single Wavelength mode
1. In the main menu, press the Single Wavelength menu
option.
2. Press Options for Parameter Setup.
Table 7 Options for Single Wavelength
Description
For further Options
Options
More
Symbol: Store Data, if Instrument Setup > Data Log Setup > Auto Store: Off is selected.
Symbol: Recall Data, if Instrument Setup > Data Log Setup > Auto Store: On is selected.
Save icon
% Trans/Abs
To switch to % transmittance, concentration or absorbance readings
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Table 7 Options for Single Wavelength(Continued)
Description
Options
To input the wavelength setting. Use the alphanumeric keypad to enter the reading wavelengths.
The entered wavelength must be in the range from 320-110 nm.
Wavelength
Send Data icon
To send data to a printer, computer or USB memory stick (Type A)
Concentration Factor
Multiplication factor for converting absorbance values into concentration values.
Concentration
Resolution
To select the number of decimal places.
Recall measurement
data
Recall saved measurement data, wavelength scans or time courses, refer to section 5.3,
Concentration Factor:
1. Press Concentration Factor: Off in the "Options" menu.
2. Press On to activate this function.
3. Press the Factor button and enter the factor.
4. Press Unit and select the corresponding units for
concentration from the displayed list.
5. Press OK to confirm.
Concentration Resolution:
1. Press Concentration Resolution in the "Options" menu.
2. Select the resolution.
3. Press OK to confirm.
4. Then press Return to return to measurement mode.
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5.7.1.2 Take single wavelength readings (single reading)
1. Insert the zero solution cell into the cell compartment.
2. Press Zero.
Note: The Read key is only active after the zero reading has been
completed.
3. Insert the analysis cell into the cell compartment.
4. Press Read.
5.7.2 Multi Wavelength mode – readings with more than one wavelength
In the Multi Wavelength mode, absorbance values can be
measured at up to four wavelengths and the results can be
mathematically processed to obtain sums, differences and
relationships.
•
•
•
Absorbance readings: The light absorbed by the sample is
measured in absorbance units.
% Transmittance measures the percent of the original light
that passes through the sample and reaches the detector.
Turning on the concentration factor allows selection of a
specific multiplier for converting absorbance readings to
concentration. In a graph of concentration versus the
absorbance, the concentration factor is the slope of the line.
Concentration is calculated using a single factor for each
wavelength, which is input by the user.
5.7.2.1 Set the Reading mode at different wavelengths
In the main menu, press the Multi-Wavelength menu option.
Press Options for Parameter Setup.
Table 8 Multi wavelength setup options
Options
More
Description
For further Options
Symbol: Store Data, if Instrument Setup > Data Log Setup > Auto Store: Off is selected.
Symbol: Recall Data, if Instrument Setup > Data Log Setup > Auto Store: On is selected.
Save icon
% Trans/Abs
To switch to % transmittance, concentration or absorbance readings
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Table 8 Multi wavelength setup options(Continued)
Description
Options
To input the wavelength setting. Use the alphanumeric keypad to enter the reading wavelengths.
The entered wavelength must be in the range from 320–1100 nm.
Wavelength
Send Data icon
To send data to a printer, computer or USB memory stick (Type A)
Concentration Factor
Multiplication factor for converting absorbance values into concentration values.
Concentration
Resolution
To select the number of decimal places.
Absorbance Formula
Calculation basis for evaluating samples
Recall measurement
data
Absorbance Formula
1. Press Absorbance Formula.
2. The formula selected in the top key determines the number
of wavelength and coefficient keys that will appear below.
3. Press the key to change the calculation formula.
4. Select a formula from the displayed list.
5. Press OK.
When a new formula is selected, the number of variables
below changes to match.
The following formulas are available:
K
K
K
K
A
A
A
A
+ K
+ K
+ K
A
A
A
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
+ K
+ K
A
A
3
3
3
3
+ K
A
4
4
/ K
A
2
2
(K
(K
A
A
+ K
+ K
A
A
) / K
) / (K
A
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
A
+ K
A
)
3
3
4
4
A
A
refers to the absorbance at wavelength 1
1
2
refers to the absorbance at wavelength 2, etc.
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K
K
refers to the coefficient at wavelength 1
1
2
refers to the coefficient at wavelength 2, etc.
If a subtraction has to be completed, the factors can be entered
with a minus sign.
6. To change the wavelength, press the x key.
7. Enter the required wavelength using the alphanumeric
keypad.
8. Press OK to confirm the selection.
9. To change a coefficient, press one of the "K " keys.
X
10. Enter the required coefficient using the alphanumeric
keypad.
11. Press OK to confirm the selection.
Note: Up to 5 digit number values can be entered! A maximum of
four decimals places are possible.
Concentration Factor:
1. Press Concentration Factor: Off in the "Options" menu.
2. Press On to activate this function.
3. Press Factor.
4. Enter the factor with which the absorbance measurement is
to be multiplied.
5. Press Unit.
6. Select the respective concentration unit from the displayed
list.
7. Press OK to confirm.
Concentration Resolution:
1. Press Concentration Resolution in the "Options" menu.
2. Select the resolution.
3. Press OK to confirm.
4. Then press Return to return to measurement mode.
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5.7.2.2 Complete a reading in the Multi Wavelength mode
1. Insert the zero solution cell into the cell compartment.
2. Press Zero.
Note: The Read key does not become active until the zero reading
has been completed.
3. Insert the analysis cell into the cell compartment.
4. Press Read.
5.7.3 Time course of absorbance/transmittance
The Time Course mode is used to collect data in either
absorbance or transmittance for a user-specified length of time.
This data can be displayed in either a graph or a table.
5.7.3.1 Time course setup parameters
1. In the main menu, press the Time Course menu option.
2. Press Options to configure parameters.
Table 9 Time course options
Options
More
Description
For further Options
Symbol: Store Data, if Instrument Setup > Data Log Setup > Auto Store: Off is selected.
Symbol: Recall Data, if Instrument Setup > Data Log Setup > Auto Store: On is selected.
Save icon
To input the total time for data collection and the time interval between the collection of data
points.
Time & Interval
To input the wavelength setting.
To display readings in absorbance, transmittance or concentration. This can be changed after
sample data is collected
View Table
Scale: In the automatic Scaling mode, the y-axis is automatically adjusted so that the total scan
is displayed.
The manual Scaling mode allows sections of the scan to be displayed.
Units: Choice of absorbance or transmittance.
Scale & Units
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Table 9 Time course options(Continued)
Description
To send Data to a printer, computer or USB memory stick (Type A)
Options
Send Data
Recall measurement
data
Instrument Setup
Time & Interval:
1. Press the "Options" menu on the Time & Interval menu
option.
2. Enter the total time and measurement interval.
3. Press OK to confirm.
Note: In total, 500 measuring steps can be accomplished during a scan.
To select a total time and a time interval that would cause this number of
readings to be exceeded, the time interval is defined automatically and
the OK key is inactivated.
Scale & Units:
1. Press the "Options" menu on the Scale & Units menu
option.
2. Highlight Abs or %T as the required units.
3. Highlight Auto or Manual scaling on the graph's y-axis.
Note: When selecting the manual scaling, the limit values y
and y
max
min
can be entered using the alphanumeric keypad. The graph is adjusted to
display only the values in the selected range. If automatic scaling is
selected, the instrument sets the limits automatically so that the total
range can be displayed.
4. Press OK to confirm.
5. Press Return to return to the Scan mode.
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5.7.3.2 Time course scan reading
After all scan parameters have been selected, the instrument
must then be zeroed. Afterward the sample can be analyzed.
1. Insert the zero solution cuvette into the cuvette compartment
and close the cuvette compartment cover.
2. Press Zero.
The blank value is displayed on the screen.
3. Insert the analysis cuvette into the cuvette compartment and
close the cuvette compartment cover.
4. Press Read.
The instrument will begin collecting Time Course data (kinetic
data).
Note: During the reading the Zero and Read keys change to Mark
and Stop.
•
•
Mark: Press the Mark button to mark the next measurement
point visibly on the screen. This mark is not used by the
instrument, but is available for the user and may indicate a
significant event, such as the addition of a sample or other
reagent. The mark is also shown in the table.
Select Stop to stop taking sample readings.
5.7.3.3 Analysis of time course data
After the Time Course data has been collected, the following
manipulations can be done on the graphic data:
The Time Course Program is complete, if
•
•
•
•
the instruments beeps after completion of the overall time
the graph is shown full-size,
the scaling of the x-axis occurs automatically,
the Cursor functions in the vertical navigation bar are
highlighted.
Navigation of a time scan or a time scan analysis
After a time scan has been completed, the time and the
absorbance/transmittance data is displayed as a curve.
Where the cursor is positioned on the curve, the elapsed time up
to this point and the corresponding absorbance are highlighted.
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Table 10 Navigating the time scan
Cursor function/
Zoom function
Description
Delta mode: A second cursor is highlighted. The position of the fixed cursor was previously
defined in Cursor mode Single. Use the active cursor to select any point on the reading curve.
The difference to the fixed cursor is shown on the curve. The delta values are correspondingly
highlighted and displayed on the x and y axes.
Curve Icon
(Choice of Cursor Mode)
2
The gradient of the curve and the correlation coefficient (r ) between the cursor points in the
Delta mode are shown under the curve.
Cursor mode, single: The cursor moves to each selected measuring point of the scan.
The arrow keys (right/left) are used to move the cursor (depending on the selected mode) to the
next data point. The data of the data point (wavelength, absorbance or transmittance value) are
highlighted on the x and y axes.
Arrow keys
Zoom Icon
Note: Press any point on the curve to display the associated data.
This function is used to magnify the section of the curve in the vicinity of the cursor. The original
curve size can be restored by pressing the zoom icon again.
5.7.4 Wavelength Scan mode – recording of absorbance and transmission spectrums
In the Wavelength Scan mode, the absorbance of the light in a
solution over a defined wavelength spectrum is measured. While
the scan is taking place, the cell compartment cover must be
closed. Therefore, a scan of the round cell compartment is not
possible.
The reading results can be displayed as a curve, as percentage
transmittance (%T) or as Absorbance (Abs). The collected data
can be printed as a table or a curve.
The data is available for formatting changes. These include
automatic scaling and zoom functions. Maximum and minimum
values are determined and shown as a table.
The cursor can be moved to any point on the curve for the
purpose of reading off the absorbance or transmittance value and
the wavelength. The data for each data point can also be
displayed as a table.
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5.7.4.1 Set up the wavelength scan
In the main menu, press the Wavelength Scan menu option.
Press Options for Parameter Setup.
Table 11 Options during wavelength scan
Description
For further Options
Option
More
Symbol: Store Data, if Instrument Setup > Data Log Setup > Auto Store: Off is selected.
Symbol: Recall Data, if Instrument Setup > Data Log Setup > Auto Store: On is selected.
Save icon
From the displayed list of stored scans, a record is selected for use as a reference
scan/superimposed scan. This can be highlighted or shown in the background in comparison
with the actual measured scan.
Reference Off/On
Note: This option is only available when there are stored scans with the same wavelength range
and step.
Wavelength
Enter the wavelength spectrum and scan interval
Enables the user to switch the display back and forth between the scan data tables
(wavelength/absorbance) and the graph of the curve.
View Table
View Graph
Note: "Select View" will be activated after the first reading.
To select Track or Peak/Valley. The selection for this menu item determines to which points on
the graph the cursor moves.
Cursor Mode
Send Data
To send data to a printer, computer or USB memory stick (Type A)
Integral: On/Off
The integral gives the area and the derivative of the integral gives the original function
Scale: In the automatic Scaling mode, the y-axis is automatically adjusted so that the total scan
is displayed.
The manual Scaling mode allows sections of the scan to be displayed.
Units: Choice of absorbance or transmittance.
Scale & Units
Recall measurement
data
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Set the wavelength range
1. Press the key in the "Options" menu to select the
wavelength range and the wavelength step.
2. Press the upper left key to select the lower wavelength.
3. Enter the lower wavelength.
4. Press OK to confirm.
5. Press the upper right key to select the upper wavelength.
6. Enter the upper wavelength.
7. Press OK to confirm.
Note: Do not select the same wavelength for minimum and
maximum.
8. Highlight the required wavelength step.
Note: The selection of the interval influences the duration and
resolution of the Wavelength Scan. Scans with a high resolution
take longer than scans with a low resolution. The larger the
increments of the interval selected, the faster the scan runs. In
contrast, the resolution of the determined data decreases.
In summery maximally 780 measuring steps can be accomplished
during a Scan.
Note: The maximum wavelength adjust automatically if the
difference between the maximum and minimum wavelength is not a
multiple of the interval.
9. Press OK to return to the Scan mode.
Selected parameters are displayed along the graph‘s x-axis.
Select view (display table)
2. Press Display table in the "Options" menu.
3. A table with the results is displayed.
4. To return to the graph press Options and then View Graph.
Cursor Mode
1. Press Cursor mode: tracking in the "Options" menu.
The selection for this menu item determines what data is
displayed in the table.
2. Highlight Track or Peak/Valley.
3. Press OK to confirm.
4. Press Return to return to the Scan mode.
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Integral
The Integral applies to the whole wavelength range of the scan.
1. Press Integral: Off in the "Options" menu.
2. Highlight On to show the Integral.
3. To find the integral of other wavelength ranges, change the
wavelength range and scan again.
4. Press OK to confirm.
5. Press Return to return to the Scan mode.
Note: In measurement mode, the integral is displayed where the date is
otherwise displayed.
Note: For the next scan reading the setting for the Integral will be On.
Scale & Units
1. Press Options > More.. > Scale & Units.
2. Highlight the required units (Abs or %T).
3. Highlight Auto or Manual scaling on the graph's y-axis.
Note: When selecting the manual scaling, the limit values y
and y
max
min
can be entered using the alphanumeric keypad. The graph is adjusted to
display only the values in the selected range. If automatic scaling is
selected, the instrument sets the limits automatically so that the total
range can be displayed.
4. Press OK.
5. Press Return to return to the Scan mode.
5.7.4.2 Perform a wavelength scan
After selecting all scan parameters, record a base line (initial zero
reading). If a scan parameter is changed, a new base line must
be recorded. When the baseline has been scanned, the
instrument is ready to scan one or more samples.
1. In the main menu, press the Wavelength Scan menu option.
2. Insert the zero solution cuvette into the cuvette compartment
and close the cuvette compartment cover.
Note: During a scan, the cuvette compartment must be covered with
the cuvette compartment cover. Therefore, no scans can be
performed with 11-mm round cells.
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Standard programs
3. Press Zero.
During the scan of the base line, "Zero calibration" is shown
in the screen.
4. Insert the prepared analysis cuvette into the cuvette
compartment and close the cuvette compartment cover.
5. Press Read.
Under the graph, the display "Reading..." appears, and a
graph of the absorbance or transmittance values for the
scanned wavelengths is continuously displayed.
The Wavelength Scan is complete, if
•
•
•
the graph is shown full-size,
the scaling of the x-axis occurs automatically,
the Cursor functions in the vertical navigation bar are
highlighted.
•
a signal sounds
Navigation of the wavelength scan graph or a wavelength
scan analysis
Table 12 Navigating the wavelength scan
Description
Choice of Cursor mode Peak/Valley (cursor moves between minimum/maximum absorbance
Cursor function/
Zoom function
Curve Icon
(Choice of Cursor mode) values) or Cursor mode Tracking (cursor moves over each data point of the scan).
The arrow keys (right/left) are used to move the cursor (depending on the selected mode) to the
next data point. The data of the data point (wavelength/absorbance or transmittance value) are
highlighted on the x and y axes.
Arrow keys
Note: Press any point on the curve to display the associated data.
This function is used to magnify the section of the curve in the vicinity of the cursor. The original
curve size can be restored by pressing the zoom icon again.
Zoom Icon
5.7.4.3 Work with reference scans
There are two options to work with Reference Scan:
First option:
1. Press Reference: Off in the "Options" menu to select
another scan to display on the same screen with the current
scan. Highlight the required scan number and press
Highlight reference.
Note: Once a reference scan has been selected, the Reference:
Off key in the "Options" menu turns into Reference: On.
Note: Only scans that have the same wavelength range and step
can be displayed using the overlay option. This process can be
repeated until all matching scans are displayed.
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Standard programs
2. The reference curve is displayed in orange. The absorbance
or transmittance value and the associated wavelength are
highlighted in grey.
Note: A black and an orange field are displayed in the top left of the
screen. The orange box relates to the reference scan and the black
one relates to the current wavelength scan.
3. To complete the wavelength scan reading, refer to
•
•
•
The newly plotted wavelength scan curves are shown in
black.
The absorbance or transmittance value and the
associated wavelength are highlighted in black.
In addition, the display shows the difference between the
wavelength scan curve and the reference curve against
the wavelength.
4. Press the black or orange field in the top left corner of the
screen to toggle between the measured wavelength scan
and the reference scan
Second option:
1. Insert the zero solution cell into the cell compartment. Press
Zero.
2. Insert the analysis cell into the cell compartment. Tap on
Read.
•
The newly plotted wavelength scan curves are shown in
black.
•
The absorbance or transmittance value and the
associated wavelength are highlighted in black.
3. Press Options and then Reference: Off in the
"Options" menu to select another scan to display on the
same screen with the current scan. Highlight the required
scan number and press Highlight Reference.
Note: After selecting a reference scan the Reference: Off key in the
"Options" menu turns into Reference: On.
Note: Only scans that have the same wavelength range and step
can be displayed using the overlay option. This process can be
repeated until all matching scans are displayed.
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4. The reference graph is displayed in orange. The absorbance
or transmittance value and the associated wavelength are
displayed in orange.
•
In addition, the difference of the absorbance and/or
transmittance value between the two scans (measured
scan and reference scan) is indicated/highlighted at each
position of the cursor.
Note: A black and an orange field are displayed in the top left of the
screen. The orange box relates to the reference scan and the black
one relates to the current wavelength scan.
5. Press the black or orange field in the top left corner of the
screen to toggle between the measured wavelength scan
and the reference scan
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Section 6 Advanced Operations
6.1 System Checks
1. Press System Checks in the Main Menu.
The "System Check" menu contains instrument information
and various performance tests.
6.1.1 Instrument Information
1. Press Instrument Information in the "System Check" menu.
2. The model, serial number and software version are
displayed.
6.1.2 Update the instrument software
6.1.2.1
Software update with USB memory
To obtain the software for the update from the Internet.
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Advanced Operations
1. Tap on Instrument Update in the "System Checks" menu.
2. Plug the USB storage device into the USB port (USB A) of
3. Press OK. The link is established automatically and the
software is updated.
4. Press OK to return to the "System Check" menu.
Note: After the instrument update, a prompt to restart the instrument will
be displayed.
6.1.3 Optical Checks
The Verification Kit (refer to Section 9, page 107) is designed for
periodic monitoring of scattered light, photometric accuracy and
the wavelength accuracy of the spectrophotometers.
When results exceed allowable tolerances (given in the quality
control certificate to the test record), contact the manufacturer.
1. Press Optical Checks in the "System Check" menu.
2. Press Nominal Values.
3. Press Edit.
An automatic menu guidance queries values (filters,
wavelength, nominal values and tolerances) given in the
quality control certificate, to the following specifications:
•
•
•
Stray light
Photometrical accuracy
Wavelength accuracy
4. Press OK when all values are entered and the overview is
displayed.
5. Press Verification.
shaft (2).
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Advanced Operations
7. Remove any present cuvettes from the cuvette
compartment.
8. Close the cuvette compartment cover.
9. Press Start.
10. Follow the instructions on the screen and insert the different
filters one after another in the sequence shown.
11. Press Next after inserting a filter.
After the last reading the results are displayed.
12. Press PC & Printer icon to send the data to a USB memory
stick, PC or to a printer.
The files will be stored automatically as CSV files (Comma
Separated Value). The file name will be formatted as
"Verification.csv".
6.1.4 AQA Analytical Quality Assurance
6.1.4.1
Standard Configuration
Analyzing an AQA standard solution enables you to check your
working procedure, photometer and accessories.
1. Under "System Check", select AQA,
or
press AQA in the toolbar on the right of the screen.
A list of standard solutions opens.
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Advanced Operations
2. Select Options > New to define a new standard.
3. Enter the name of the standard solution and confirm with
OK.
4. Enter the concentration, unit, confidence range and unit
by pressing the relevant fields.
5. Press OK to confirm the entry.
6. All the standard solutions entered are shown on the screen.
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Advanced Operations
7. Select Options for further editing.
Select New to define a new standard.
Select Edit to change the settings.
Select Delete to delete the standard.
Only user-programmed standards can be deleted.
Select Reminder to enter an automatic interval at which you
are prompted to take a standard measurement.
6.1.4.2
Perform AQA Standard Measurement
If you have set a reminder function, you will be prompted to take
the AQA standard measurement after a set interval has elapsed.
1. Select the required AQA standard.
The AQA button in the toolbar is displayed in yellow.
2. Take the standard measurement.
6.1.5 Instrument backup
Prior to the next service date, the "Instrument Backup" offers
the opportunity to store all programs, measurement data, user
IDs, passwords, as well as all adjustable data on a USB stick.
1. Press Instrument Backup in the "System Check" menu.
3. Press Store to start a Backup.
If the file was stored, the message "Instrument Backup is stored"
will be displayed.
4. Press OK to return to the "System Check" menu.
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Advanced Operations
Restore backup data:
Note: All current data will be overwritten when restoring the Backup file!
1. Press Instrument Backup in the "System Check" menu.
page 16).
3. Press Restore to pass back the data.
4. The report "Restore instrument backup from S/N XXXXXXX.
"Restore?" displays the serial number of the instrument
relating to the backup. Press OK to confirm.
5. Restart the instrument after the backup is complete.
6.1.6 Service menu
Use of the service menu requires a service code. This menu is
reserved exclusively for the service staff of the manufacturer for
service work.
6.1.7 Service time
In order to make sure a regular inspection is performed, an
automatic memory reference for the service times can be
entered. After switching the instrument on, this memory reference
will be activated and indicated at the appropriate time.
1. Press Service Time in the "System Check" menu.
2. Activate the On checkbox.
3. Press Last service.
4. Enter the date of the last service.
5. Press OK to confirm the selection.
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Advanced Operations
6. Activate the options field under Next service.
7. Select a time interval for the next service.
8. Press OK to confirm the selection.
When the next service is due the report "Next service due!!" is
displayed when the instrument is switched on.
9. Press OK to return to the Main Menu.
Contact the manufacturer to schedule the next service date.
6.1.8 Lamps operating time
The "Lamps operating time" provides information on the
switch-on cycles of the lamps.
After a lamp is replaced, the display of the switch-on cycles is
reset to 0.
1. Press Lamp History in the "System Check" menu.
2. Press Reset and the lamp data are reset.
3. Press OK to return to the "System Check" menu.
6.2 Toolbar
There is a toolbar with various programs on the right-hand side of
the screen. Many of these programs can also be called up via a
menu but the operation is the same.
6.2.1 Log on
Use this function to enter up to 30 different operator initials (up to
10 characters each) into the instrument. This feature helps record
which operator measured each sample. For a detailed
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Advanced Operations
6.2.2 Sample ID
Use this function to enter up to 100 different sample designations
(each with max. 20 characters) into the instrument. Sample IDs
can be used to specify the sample location or other sample
specific information, for example. For a detailed description, refer
6.2.3 Timer
Use this function to activate a timer at any time.
1. In the toolbar, press Timer.
2. Enter the required time and confirm with OK.
The count-down starts automatically.
3. Press Close to let the timer run in the background.
Press Cancel to stop the timer.
4. When the timer has finished a sound is emitted.
6.2.4 AQA
Analyzing an AQA standard solution enables you to check your
working procedure, photometer and accessories. Press AQA in
the toolbar on the right-hand side of the screen to open a list of
standard solutions. For a detailed description, refer to
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Advanced Operations
6.2.5 Trends
Use this function to call up a load curve of the stored
measurement values for each parameter or sample location. The
concentration of the corresponding parameter is shown
graphically over time. For a detailed description, refer to
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Advanced Operations
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Section 7 Maintenance
CAUTION
Potential Chemical, Biological Eye and Skin Hazards.
Only qualified personnel should conduct the tasks described in this
section of the manual.
NOTICE
Remove all cells remaining in the instrument. Dispose of the cells or
their contents in an authorized manner.
7.1 Cleaning requirements
CAUTION
Potential Pinch, Eye, Burn and Chemical Hazards.
Before cleaning, always disconnect the instrument from the power
source.
NOTICE
Under no circumstances may solvents such as turpentine, acetone or
similar be used to clean the instrument, including the screen and
accessories.
7.1.1 Spectrophotometer
•
Only clean the housing, the cell compartments and all
accessories with a soft, damp cloth. A mild soap solution can
also be used.
•
•
Do not get excess water in the cell compartments.
Do not insert a brush or sharp object into cell compartment
#1 to avoid damaging the mechanical components.
•
Dry the cleaned parts carefully with a soft cotton cloth.
7.1.2 Screen
•
•
Do not scratch the screen. Never touch the screen with pens,
pencils or similar sharp objects.
Clean the screen using a soft, lint-free and oil-free cotton
cloth. Diluted window cleaner liquid can also be used.
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Maintenance
7.1.3 Cuvettes/cells
CAUTION
Potential Chemical/ Biological Exposure Hazards.
User correct laboratory practices if a risk of chemical exposure exists.
1. After use, clean the glass cells with cleaning agents.
2. Afterwards, rinse the cuvettes/sample cells several times
with tap water and then thoroughly with deionized water.
Note: Glass cuvettes that contained organic solvents (such as
chloroform, benzene, toluene etc.) must be rinsed out with acetone
before being treated with cleaning agent. In addition, another rinse with
acetone is necessary as a final treatment step before the
cuvettes/sample cells are dried.
7.2 Lamp replacement
CAUTION
To avoid the risk of electric shock, disconnect the instrument from the
power source before the lamp replacement procedure is commenced.
1. Switch off instrument.
2. Remove the power cable from the instrument.
3. Turn the instrument to allow work access to the underside.
4. Use a slotted screwdriver to loosen the screws on the cover
of the lamp compartment.
5. Remove the cover.
CAUTION
Burn hazard.
Wait until the lamp cools down. Contact with the hot lamp can cause
burns.
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Maintenance
6. Using a cross-head screwdriver, remove the two screws from
the lamp holder.
7. Lift out the lamp holder upwards.
8. Turn the lamp holder so that the connector with the cable
guide points forwards.
9. Push the clamp slide as far as possible to the right (Step 1).
10. Grasp the connector along with the lamp, pulling it out of the
lamp holder (Step 2).
11. Release the connector from the lamp (Step 3).
Figure 5
Lamp replacement
1
2
Lamp holder
Clamp slide
3
4
Lamp
Connector
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Maintenance
To fit a new lamp carry out the procedure in reverse.
NOTICE
Only hold lamp at lamp holder. Avoid touching the glass, as
substances on the skin can bake onto the lamp bulb and thus
accelerate the ageing process of the lamp.
1. Connect a new lamp to the connector.
2. Install the lamp with the connector in the lamp holder.
3. Secure the lamp with the clamp slide. To do this, push the
connector downwards and push the clamp slide as far as
possible to the left.
4. Install the lamp holder in the instrument.
Note: Take care that the lamp cable is not pinched by the cable
guide.
5. Using a cross-head screwdriver, tighten the two screws on
the lamp holder.
6. Put the lamp compartment cover back into position.
7. Using a slotted screwdriver, tighten the screws on the cover.
8. Connect the power cable to the instrument.
7.3 Cell compartment (2) replacement
CAUTION
To avoid electric shock, disconnect the instrument from the power
supply before replacing the cuvette compartment.
If there is severe soiling, the complete cell compartment (2) can
be replaced.
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Maintenance
1. Switch off instrument.
2. Remove the power cable from the instrument.
3. Open the cuvette compartment cover and remove cuvette
adapter Z.
4. Using a cross-head screwdriver, loosen the two screws on
the bottom of the cuvette compartment.
5. Lift the cuvette compartment upward and out.
6. Insert the new cuvette compartment so that the guide slots of
the pressure rollers are on the left.
7. Using a cross-head screwdriver, tighten the two screws on
the bottom of the cuvette compartment.
8. Connect the power cable to the instrument.
9. Insert cuvette adapter Z again.
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Maintenance
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Section 8 Troubleshooting
Error displayed
Definition
Resolution
An error occurred when uploading
the instrument data.
Restart the process or contact the
manufacturer or national agent.
An error occurred when reading from
the USB memory stick.
Restart the process or contact the
manufacturer or national agent.
An error occurred when writing to the
USB memory stick.
Restart the process or contact the
manufacturer or national agent.
Please check on the current update
file.
Error during update.
Error during update.
Check the USB memory stick.
Contact the manufacturer or national
agent.
Please contact Customer Service.
Please check network configuration.
Please check the connection.
Please close the cover.
Close the cuvette compartment cover.
Insert a USB memory stick into a USB A
port on the instrument.
Please insert the USB memory stick.
contact the manufacturer or national
agent.
Please check the connection and
contact the administrator.
Network setup or FTP error
File for instrument update missing.
File for instrument update is faulty.
Error during update.
Error during update.
Check the USB memory stick.
Save the update file again and repeat
the procedure.
Switch the instrument off and then back
on again. If the system test is
unsuccessful, contact the manufacturer
or national agent.
It’s recommended to execute a
Full System Check
Check of the air values failed
Password incorrect
Forgotten your password?
Entry invalid!
Contact the manufacturer or national
agent
The measured absorbance exceeds
3.5
Absorbance > 3.5!
Color = ***
Dilute sample and measure again
Color value outside measurement
range.
Dilute the sample or select appropriate
color scale.
Error when calling up the local IP
address.
Network setup: DHCP client has no
connection to the DHCP server
Enter the IP address again.
Network setup: default gateway cannot
be set for fixed IP address
Error during default gateway setup.
Error during network drive setup!
Error during subnet mask setup.
Try to create the connection again.
Check the settings.
Error during network setup
Network setup: Subnet mask cannot be
set for fixed IP address
Enter the subnet mask again.
Error copying from USB memory
stick.
Restart the process or contact the
manufacturer or national agent.
Error during update
FTP error
Make sure that the instrument is
connected to the network.
Error in FTP connection.
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Troubleshooting
Error displayed
Definition
Resolution
Fault
Check the lamp and replace it if
necessary.
Test program stopped!
Please check lamp
Close the lid.
Error [xx]
Test program stops when the instrument
is started
Close lid.
Press Start Again.
Fault
Remove the cuvette/sample cell from
the cell compartment.
Test program stopped!
Please remove the cuvette
Close the lid.
Test program stops when the instrument
is started
Press OK.
Error
Selfcheck stopped.
Hardware error.
Error [x]
Contact the manufacturer or national
agent and specify the error number.
Electronic defect
Error
Decrease ambient light. Avoid direct
sunlight.
Too much ambient light!
Move instrument into shade
or close the lid
The instrument sensors detects too
much ambient light.
Close lid.
No instrument backup present!
No valid data for these parameters!
No valid data found!
Check the USB memory stick.
Change the selection.
Change the selection.
Change the selection.
Data analysis not possible, no
measurement data
Data cannot be viewed in the data log
Data analysis settings cannot be
configured without measurement data.
No measurement data present!
This is a warning notice. The control
limit set was not reached.
Control range not reached!
Control range exceeded!
Concentration too high!
Possible interference by:
Possible interference from:
Data analysis limits not reached
Data analysis limits exceeded.
This is a warning notice. The control
limit was exceeded.
Calculated concentration is higher than
999999
Dilute sample and measure again
The analysis is possibly erroneous due
to interferences.
Interference Check
Interference Check
The analysis is possibly erroneous due
to interferences.
Contact the manufacturer or national
agent for an instrument service. For
setting the service reminder, refer to
Next service is due!
Negative result!
The calculated result is negative
Check concentration of sample
Activate the online connection.
Network setup off, when access to
homepage via sidebar
Network switched off.
Make sure that the instrument is
connected to the network.
Remote server cannot be reached.
Unstable lighting conditions!
Error during network setup
Avoid direct sunlight at the measuring
location.
For measurements with 11 mm round
cuvettes, adapter Z is required.
Insert adapter Z into cell compartment
#2. Confirm with OK.
Please insert adapter Z.
Insufficient memory for update .
Error during update.
Select a memory with more space.
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Troubleshooting
Error displayed
Definition
Resolution
Switch the instrument off and then back
on again. If the system test is
unsuccessful, contact the manufacturer
or the national agent.
System check incorrect!
Measurement of air values failed
Switch of the instrument and allow it to
cool for a few minutes. If necessary,
move it to a cooler place.
Temperature too high.
Measurement not possible!
Save the update file again and repeat
the procedure.
Update file is faulty.
Error during update.
USB memory stick is not connected. Update not possible.
Check the USB memory stick.
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Troubleshooting
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Section 9 Service and Certification
Deutschland
USA
China
Brasilien
BYK-Gardner GmbH
Lausitzer Strasse 8
82538 Geretsried
BYK-Gardner USA
9104 Guilford Road
Columbia, MD 21046
USA
BYK-Gardner China
Instruments Service
BYK (Tongling) Co., Ltd.
Shanghai Branch
BYK-Gardner Latin America
Rua Itaporanga, 340
Bairro Paraíso -Santo
André-SP
Deutschland
Tel.: +49-8171-3493-0
Fax: +49-8171-3493-166
Tel.: +1-301-483-6500
Fax: +1-301-483-6555
3/F, Bldg A, No8, Lane 1305
Huajing Road, Xuhui District
Shanghai 200231
CEP 09190-640
Brazil
Tel.: +55-11-2147-1199
Fax: +55-11-2147-1168
P.R. China
Tel.: +86(021)6496-7931
Fax: +86(021)6496-7932
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Service and Certification
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Index
P
Pharmacopoeia
T
R
U
V
S
W
Y
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