Fortinet Network Card 3600A User Manual

I N S T A L L G U I D E

FortiGate-3600A

FortiOS 3.0 MR6

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Contents

Introduction ........................................................................................ 7

About the FortiGate-3600A ............................................................................... 8

About this document......................................................................................... 8

Document conventions.................................................................................. 9

Typographic conventions .............................................................................. 9

Further Readin g ................................................................................................. 9

Fortinet Knowledge Center ......................................................................... 10

Comments on Fortinet technical documentatio n ......................................... 10

Customer service and technical support ...................................................... 11

Installing ........................................................................................... 13

Environmental specifications......................................................................... 13

Cautions and warnings ................................................................................... 14

Grounding ................................................................................................... 14

Rack mount instruction s .............................................................................. 14

Mounting ..................................................................................................... 14

Plugging in the FortiGate................................................................................ 16

Connecting to the network .......................................................................... 17

Turning off the FortiGate unit......................................................................... 17

Configuring....................................................................................... 19

NAT vs. Transparent mod e ............................................................................. 19

NAT mod e ................................................................................................... 19

Transparent mod e ....................................................................................... 20

Connecting to the FortiGate unit.................................................................... 20

Connecting to the web-based manager ...................................................... 20

Connecting to the CLI ................................................................................. 21

Configuring NAT mode ................................................................................... 22

Using the web-based manager ................................................................... 22

Configure the interfaces........................................................................ 22

Configure a DNS server........................................................................ 23

Adding a default route and gateway ..................................................... 23

Adding firewall policies ......................................................................... 24

Using the CLI .............................................................................................. 25

Configure the interfaces........................................................................ 25

Configure a DNS server........................................................................ 26

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Contents

Adding a default route and gatewa y ..................................................... 26

Adding firewall policies ......................................................................... 27

Configuring Transparent mode...................................................................... 27

Using the web-based manage r ................................................................... 28

Switching to Transparent mode............................................................ 28

Configure a DNS server ....................................................................... 28

Adding firewall policies ......................................................................... 28

Using the CLI .............................................................................................. 29

Switching to Transparent mode............................................................ 29

Configure a DNS server ....................................................................... 30

Adding firewall policies ......................................................................... 30

Verify the configuration .................................................................................. 31

Backing up the configuration......................................................................... 31

Restoring a configuration............................................................................... 32

Additional configuratio n ................................................................................. 32

Set the time and dat e .................................................................................. 32

Set the Administrator passwor d .................................................................. 32

Configure FortiGuard .................................................................................. 33

Updating antivirus and IPS signatures ................................................. 33

Advanced configuration.................................................................. 35

Protection profiles........................................................................................... 35

Firewall policies............................................................................................... 36

Configuring firewall policies ........................................................................ 37

Antivirus option s ............................................................................................. 37

AntiSpam options............................................................................................ 38

Web filtering..................................................................................................... 39

Logging ............................................................................................................ 40

AMC module s ................................................................................... 41

Installing AMC filler units ............................................................................... 41

Installing module s ........................................................................................... 41

Removing modules ......................................................................................... 42

Using the AMC modules ................................................................................. 42

Hard disk modul e ........................................................................................ 42

Formatting the hard disk....................................................................... 43

Log configuration using the web-based manager................................. 43

Log configuration using the CLI............................................................ 44

Viewing logs ......................................................................................... 44

ASM-FB4 and ADM-XB2 module s .............................................................. 44

Changing interfaces to operate in SGMII or SerDes mode .................. 44

Configure the speed ............................................................................. 46

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Contents

FortiGate Firmware .......................................................................... 47

Downloading firmware .................................................................................... 47

Using the web-based manager....................................................................... 47

Upgrading the firmwar e ............................................................................... 47

Reverting to a previous version................................................................... 48

Backup and Restore from a USB key ......................................................... 49

Using the USB Auto-Install.......................................................................... 49

Using the CLI.................................................................................................... 50

Reverting to a previous version................................................................... 51

Installing firmware from a system reboot using the CLI.............................. 52

Restoring the previous configuration........................................................... 54

Backup and Restore from a USB key ......................................................... 54

Using the USB Auto-Install.......................................................................... 54

Additional CLI Commands for a USB key ................................................... 55

Testing new firmware before installing ......................................................... 55

Index.................................................................................................. 59

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Contents

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Introduction

Welcome and thank you for selecting Fortinet products for your real-time network

protection.

The FortiGate Unified Threat Management System improves network security,

reduces network misuse and abuse, and helps you use communications

resources more efficiently without compromising the performance of your

network. The FortiGate Unified Threat Management System are ICSA-certified for

firewall, IPSec, and antivirus services.

The FortiGate Unified Threat Management Systemis a dedicated, easily managed

security device that delivers a full suite of capabilities, which include:

•

application-level services such as virus protection and content filtering

network-level services such as firewall, intrusion detection, VPN and traffic

shaping

The FortiGate Unified Threat Management System uses Fortinet’s Dynamic

Threat Prevention System (DTPS™) technology, which leverages breakthroughs

in chip design, networking, security and content analysis. The unique ASIC-based

architecture analyzes content and behavior in real-time, enabling key applications

to be deployed right at the network edge where they are most effective at

protecting your networks.

Product Registration.

To register, enter your contact information and the serial numbers of the FortiGate

units that you or your organization have purchased. You can register multiple

FortiGate units in a single session without re-entering your contact information.

By registering your FortiGate unit, you will receive updates to threat detection and

prevention databases (Antivirus, Intrusion Detection, etc.) and will also ensure

your access to technical support.

For more information, see the Fortinet Knowledge Centre article “Registration

Frequently Asked Questions” (http://kc.forticare.com/default.asp?id=2071).

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About the FortiGate-3600A

Introduction

About the FortiGate-3600A

The FortiGate-3600A multi-threat security appliance establishes a new level of

price-performance and flexibility for multi-gigabit capacity network security

systems. With ten gigabit Ethernet interfaces and up tosix Gbps throughput, the

FortiGate-3600A enables a new generation of high performance protection

against blended threats.

The FortiGate-3600A includes

•

Multi-Gigabit performance for large enterprises and Managed Security Service

Providers (MSSPs) ensures security and throughput

•

Provides eight gigabit copper (10/100/1000) interfaces and two gigabit fiber

(SFP) interfaces for greater flexibility and to meet the needs of large enterprise

and service provider networks

•

Ports 9 and 10 use hardware acceleration, for enhanced network performance.

Advanced Mezzanine Card (AMC) slot provides future upgrade possibilities

with either the four port hardware accelerated SFP expansion module or the

storage expansion module.

Figure 1: FortiGate-3600A

PWR

STATUS

Esc

Enter

CONSOLE

AUX

USB

About this document

This document explains how to install and configure your FortiGate unit onto your

network. This document also includes how to install and upgrade new firmware

versions on your FortiGate unit.

This document contains the following chapters:

•

Installing – Describes setting up and powering on a FortiGate unit.

Configuring – Provides an overview of the operating modes of the FortiGate

unit and how to integrate the FortiGate unit into your network.

•

Advanced configuration – Describes additional configuration you can perform

on the FortiGate unit to enhance network protection, including antivirus,

antispam, firewall configuration and logging.

•

AMC modules – Describes the installation and configuration options for the

single-width AMC modules available for the FortiGate unit.

FortiGate Firmware – Describes how to install, update, restore and test

firmware for the FortiGate device.

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Introduction

most popular web browser

•

an Ethernet cable.

To connect to the web-based manager

Set the IP address of the management computer to the static IP address

192.168.1.2 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0.

Using the Ethernet cable, connect the internal interface of the FortiGate unit to the

computer Ethernet connection.

Start your browser and enter the address https://192.168.1.99. (remember to

include the “s” in https://).

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Configuring

Connecting to the FortiGate unit

To support a secure HTTPS authentication method, the FortiGate unit ships with a

self-signed security certificate, which is offered to remote clients whenever they

initiate a HTTPS connection to the FortiGate unit. When you connect, the

FortiGate unit displays two security warnings in a browser.

The first warning prompts you to accept and optionally install the FortiGate unit’s

self-signed security certificate. If you do not accept the certificate, the FortiGate

unit refuses the connection. If you accept the certificate, the FortiGate login page

appears. The credentials entered are encrypted before they are sent to the

FortiGate unit. If you choose to accept the certificate permanently, the warning is

not displayed again.

Just before the FortiGate login page is displayed, a second warning informs you

that the FortiGate certificate distinguished name differs from the original request.

This warning occurs because the FortiGate unit redirects the connection. This is

an informational message. Select OK to continue logging in.

Type adminin the Name field and select Login.

Connecting to the CLI

To connect to the FortiGate CLI you require:

•

a computer with an available communications port

a serial cable, either a RJ-45 to DB-9 or null modem cable, whichever was

included in your FortiGate package

•

terminal emulation software such as HyperTerminal for Microsoft Windows

Note: The following procedure uses Microsoft Windows HypterTerminal software. You can

apply these steps to any terminal emulation program.

To connect to the CLI

Connect the serial cable to the communications port of your computer and to the

FortiGate console port.

Start HyperTerminal, enter a name for the connection and select OK.

Configure HyperTerminal to connect directly to the communications port on your

computer and select OK.

Select the following port settings and select OK:

Bits per second 9600

Data bits

Parity

None

Stop bits

Flow control

None

Press Enter to connect to the FortiGate CLI.

When the login prompt appears, type adminand press Enter twice.

Type ? to list available commands. For information about how to use the CLI, see

the FortiGate CLI Reference.

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Configuring NAT mode

Configuring

Configuring NAT mode

Configuring NAT mode involves defining interface addresses and default routes,

and simple firewall policies. You can use the web-based manager or the CLI to

configure the FortiGate unit in NAT/Route mode.

Using the web-based manager

After connecting to the web-based manager, you can use the following procedures

to complete the basic configuration of the FortiGate unit. Ensure you read the

section “Connecting to the web-based manager” on page 20 before beginning.

Configure the interfaces

When shipped, the FortiGate unit has a default address of 192.168.1.99 and a

netmask of 255.255.255.0. for either the Port 1 or Internal interface. You need to

configure this and other ports for use on your network.

To configure interfaces

Go to System > Network > Interface.

Select the edit icon for an interface.

Set the Addressing Mode for the interface.

•

For Manual addressing, enter the IP address and netmask for the interface.

For DHCP addressing, select DHCP and complete the following:

Distance

Enter the administrative distance, between 1 and 255 for the

default gateway retrieved from the DHCP server. The

administrative distance specifies the relative priority of a route

when there are multiple routes to the same destination. A

lower administrative distance indicates a more preferred route.

Retrieve default gateway Enable to retrieve a default gateway IP address from the

DHCP server. The default gateway is added to the static

routing table.

from server

Override internal DNS

Enable to use the DNS addresses retrieved from the DHCP

server instead of the DNS server IP addresses on the DNS

page on System > Network > Options. On FortiGate-100

units and lower, you should also enable Obtain DNS server

address automatically in System > Network > Options.

•

For PPPoE addressing, select PPPoE, and complete the following:

Username

Password

Enter the username for the PPPoE server. This may have

been provided by your ISP.

Enter the password for the PPPoE server for the above user

name.

Unnumbered

Specify the IP address for the interface. If your ISP has

assigned you a block of IP addresses, use one of these IP

addresses. Alternatively, you can use, or borrow, the IP

address of a configured interface on the router. You may need

to do this to minimize the number of unique IP addresses

within your network.

If you are borrowing an IP address remember the interface

must be enabled, or up to function correctly.

Initial Disc Timeout

Initial discovery timeout in seconds. The time to wait before

starting to retry a PPPoE discovery. To disable the discovery

timeout, set the value to 0.

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Configuring

Configuring NAT mode

Initial PADT Timeout

Distance

Initial PPPoE Active Discovery Terminate (PADT) timeout in

seconds. Use this timeout to shut down the PPPoE session if it

is idle for this number of seconds. Your ISP must support

PADT. To disable the PADT timeout, set the value to 0.

Enter the administrative distance, between 1 and 255 for the

default gateway retrieved from the DHCP server. The

administrative distance specifies the relative priority of a route

when there are multiple routes to the same destination. A

lower administrative distance indicates a more preferred route.

Retrieve default gateway Enable to retrieve a default gateway IP address from the

DHCP server. The default gateway is added to the static

routing table.

from server

Override internal DNS

Enable to use the DNS addresses retrieved from the DHCP

server instead of the DNS server IP addresses on the DNS

page on System > Network > Options. On FortiGate-100

units and lower, you should also enable Obtain DNS server

address automatically in System > Network > Options.

Select OK.

Repeat this procedure for each interface as required.

Note: If you change the IP address of the interface you are connecting to, you must

connect through a web browser again using the new address. Browse to https:// followed by

the new IP address of the interface. If the new IP address of the interface is on a different

subnet, you may have to change the IP address of your computer to the same subnet.

Configure a DNS server

A DNS server is a service that converts symbolic node names to IP addresses. A

domain name server (DNS server) implements the protocol. In simple terms, it

acts as a phone book for the Internet. A DNS server matches domain names with

the computer IP address. This enables you to use readable locations, such as

fortinet.com when browsing the Internet.

DNS server IP addresses are typically provided by your internet service provider.

To configure DNS server settings

Go to System > Network > Options.

Enter the IP address of the primary DNS server.

Enter the IP address of the secondary DNS server.

Select Apply.

Adding a default route and gateway

A route provides the FortiGate unit with the information it needs to forward a

packet to a particular destination. A static route causes packets to be forwarded to

a destination other than the default gateway. You define static routes manually.

Static routes control traffic exiting the FortiGate unit-you can specify through

which interface the packet will leave and to which device the packet should be

routed.

In the factory default configuration, entry number 1 in the Static Route list is

associated with a destination address of 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0, which means any/all

destinations. This route is called the "static default route". If no other routes are

present in the routing table and a packet needs to be forwarded beyond the

FortiGate unit, the factory configured static default route causes the FortiGate unit

to forward the packet to the default gateway.

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Configuring NAT mode

Configuring

For an initial configuration, you must edit the factory configured static default route

to specify a different default gateway for the FortiGate unit. This will enable the

flow of data through the FortiGate unit.

For details on adding additional static routes, see the FortiGate Administration

Guide.

To modify the default gateway

Go to Router > Static.

Select Edit for the default route

In the Gateway field, type the IP address of the next-hop router where outbound

traffic is directed.

If the FortiGate unit reaches the next-hop router through a different interface

(compared to the interface that is currently selected in the Device field), select the

name of the interface from the Device field.

Select OK.

Adding firewall policies

Firewall policies enable traffic to flow through the FortiGate interfaces. Firewall

policies define how the FortiGate unit processes the packets in a communication

session. You can configure the firewall policies to allow only specific traffic, users

and specific times when traffic is allowed.

For the initial installation, a single firewall policy that enables all traffic through will

enable you to verify your configuration is working. On lower-end units such a

default firewall policy is already in place. For the higher end FortiGate units, you

will need to add a firewall policy.

The following steps add two policies that allows all traffic through the FortiGate

unit, to enable you to continue testing the configuration on the network.

To add an outgoing traffic firewall policy

Go to Firewall > Policy.

Select Create New.

Set the following and select OK.

Source Interface

Source Address

Select the port connected to the network.

All

Destination Interface Select the port connected to the Internet.

Destination Address All

Schedule

Service

Action

always

Any

To add an incoming traffic firewall policy

Go to Firewall > Policy.

Select Create New.

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Configuring

Configuring NAT mode

Set the following and select OK.

Source Interface

Source Address

Select the port connected to the Internet.

All

Destination Interface Select the port connected to the network.

Destination Address All

Schedule

Service

Action

always

Any

Firewall policy configuration is the same in NAT/Route mode and Transparent

mode.

Note that these policies allow all traffic through. No protection profiles have been

applied. Ensure you create additional firewall policies to accommodate your

network requirements.

For details, see the FortiGate Administration Guide.

Using the CLI

After connecting to the CLI, you can use the following procedures to complete the

basic configuration of the FortiGate unit. Ensure you read the section “Connecting

to the CLI” on page 21 before beginning.

Configure the interfaces

When shipped, the FortiGate unit has a default address of 192.168.1.99 and a

netmask of 255.255.255.0. for either the Port 1 or Internal interface. You need to

configure this and other ports for use on your network.

To set an interface to use a static address

config system interface

edit <interface_name>

set mode static

set ip <address_ip> <netmask>

end

To set an interface to use DHCP addressing

config system interface

edit external

set mode dhcp

set distance <integer>

set defaultgw {enable | disable}

set dns-server-override {enable | disable}

end

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Configuring NAT mode

Configuring

To set an interface to use PPPoE addressing

config system interface

edit external

set mode pppoe

set username <name_str>

set password <psswrd>

set ipunnumbered <ip_address>

set disc-retry-timeout <integer_seconds>

set padt-retry-timeout <integer_seconds>

set distance <integer>

set defaultgw {enable | disable}

set dns-server-override {enable | disable}

end

The CLI lists the IP address, netmask, and other settings for each of the FortiGate

interfaces.

Note: If you change the IP address of the interface you are connecting to, you must

connect through a web browser again using the new address. Browse to https:// followed by

the new IP address of the interface. If the new IP address of the interface is on a different

subnet, you may have to change the IP address of your computer to the same subnet.

Configure a DNS server

A DNS server is a service that converts symbolic node names to IP addresses. A

domain name server (DNS server) implements the protocol. In simple terms, it

acts as a phone book for the Internet. A DNS server matches domain names with

the computer IP address. This enables you to use readable locations, such as

fortinet.com when browsing the Internet.

DNS server IP addresses are typically provided by your internet service provider.

To configure DNS server settings

config system dns

set autosvr {enable | disable}

set primary <address_ip>

set secondary <address_ip>

end

Note if you set the autosvrto enable, you do not have to configure the primary

or secondary DNS server IP addresses.

Adding a default route and gateway

A route provides the FortiGate unit with the information it needs to forward a

packet to a particular destination. A static route causes packets to be forwarded to

a destination other than the default gateway. You define static routes manually.

Static routes control traffic exiting the FortiGate unit-you can specify through which

interface the packet will leave and to which device the packet should be routed.

In the factory default configuration, entry number 1 in the Static Route list is

associated with a destination address of 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0, which means any/all

destinations. This route is called the "static default route". If no other routes are

present in the routing table and a packet needs to be forwarded beyond the

FortiGate unit, the factory configured static default route causes the FortiGate unit

to forward the packet to the default gateway.

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Configuring

Configuring Transparent mode

For an initial configuration, you must edit the factory configured static default route

to specify a different default gateway for the FortiGate unit. This will enable the

flow of data through the FortiGate unit.

For details on adding additional static routes, see the FortiGate Administration

Guide.

To modify the default gateway

config router static

edit <seq_num>

set gateway <gateway_IP>

set device <interface>

end

Adding firewall policies

Firewall policies enable traffic to flow through the FortiGate interfaces. Firewall

policies to define the FortiGate unit process the packets in a communication

session. You can configure the firewall policies to allow only specific traffic, users

and specific times when traffic is allowed.

For the initial installation, a single firewall policy that enables all traffic through will

enable you to verify your configuration is working. On lower-end units such a

default firewall policy is already in place. For the higher end FortiGate units, you

will need to add a firewall policy.

The following steps add two policies that allows all traffic through the FortiGate

unit, to enable you to continue testing the configuration on the network.

To add an outgoing traffic firewall policy

config firewall profile

edit <seq_num>

set srcintf <source_interface>

set srcaddr <source_IP>

set dstintf <destination_interface>

set dstaddr <destination_IP>

set schedule always

set service ANY

set action accept

end

To create an incoming traffic firewall policy, use the same commands with the

addresses reversed.

Note that these policies allow all traffic through. No protection profiles have been

applied. Ensure you create additional firewall policies to accommodate your

network requirements.

Configuring Transparent mode

Configuring Transparent mode involves switching to Transparent mode,

configuring the management IP address, default routes, and simple firewall

policies. You can use the web-based manager or the CLI to configure the

FortiGate unit in Transparent mode.

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Configuring Transparent mode

Configuring

Using the web-based manager

After connecting to the web-based manager, you can use the following

procedures to complete the basic configuration of the FortiGate unit. Ensure you

read the section “Connecting to the web-based manager” on page 20 before

beginning.

Switching to Transparent mode

The FortiGate unit comes preset to NAT mode. You need to switch to Transparent

mode.

To switch to Transparent mode

Go to System > Status.

Select Change beside the Operation Mode.

Select Transparent.

Enter the Management IP/Netmask address and the Default Gateway address.

The default gateway IP address is required to tell the FortiGate unit where to send

network traffic to other networks.

Select Apply.

Configure a DNS server

A DNS server is a service that converts symbolic node names to IP addresses. A

domain name server (DNS server) implements the protocol. In simple terms, it

acts as a phone book for the Internet. A DNS server matches domain names with

the computer IP address. This enables you to use readable locations, such as

fortinet.com when browsing the Internet.

DNS server IP addresses are typically provided by your internet service provider.

To configure DNS server settings

Go to System > Network > Options.

Enter the IP address of the primary DNS server.

Enter the IP address of the secondary DNS server.

Select Apply.

Adding firewall policies

Firewall policies enable traffic to flow through the FortiGate interfaces. Firewall

policies define the FortiGate unit process the packets in a communication session.

You can configure the firewall policies to allow only specific traffic, users and

specific times when traffic is allowed.

For the initial installation, a single firewall policy that enables all traffic through will

enable you to verify your configuration is working. On lower-end units such a

default firewall policy is already in place. For the higher end FortiGate units, you

will need to add a firewall policy.

The following steps add two policies that allows all traffic through the FortiGate

unit, to enable you to continue testing the configuration on the network.

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Configuring

Configuring Transparent mode

To add an outgoing traffic firewall policy

Go to Firewall > Policy.

Select Create New.

Set the following and select OK.

Source Interface

Source Address

Select the port connected to the network.

All

Destination Interface Select the port connected to the Internet.

Destination Address All

Schedule

Service

Action

always

Any

To add an incoming traffic firewall policy

Go to Firewall > Policy.

Select Create New.

Set the following and select OK.

Source Interface

Source Address

Select the port connected to the Internet.

All

Destination Interface Select the port connected to the network.

Destination Address All

Schedule

Service

Action

always

Any

Firewall policy configuration is the same in NAT/Route mode and Transparent

mode.

Note that these policies allow all traffic through. No protection profiles have been

applied. Ensure you create additional firewall policies to accommodate your

network requirements.

Using the CLI

After connecting to the CLI, you can use the following procedures to complete the

basic configuration of the FortiGate unit. Ensure you read the section “Connecting

to the CLI” on page 21 before beginning.

Switching to Transparent mode

The FortiGate unit comes preset to NAT mode. You need to switch to Transparent

mode.

To switch to Transparent mode

config system settings

set opmode transparent

set manageip <address_ip> <netmask>

set gateway <address_gateway>

end

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Configuring Transparent mode

Configuring

Configure a DNS server

A DNS server is a service that converts symbolic node names to IP addresses. A

domain name server (DNS server) implements the protocol. In simple terms, it

acts as a phone book for the Internet. A DNS server matches domain names with

the computer IP address. This enables you to use readable locations, such as

fortinet.com when browsing the Internet.

DNS server IP addresses are typically provided by your internet service provider.

To configure DNS server settings

config system dns

set autosvr {enable | disable}

set primary <address_ip>

set secondary <address_ip>

end

Note if you set the autosvrto enable, you do not have to configure the primary

or secondary DNS server IP addresses.

Adding firewall policies

Firewall policies enable traffic to flow through the FortiGate interfaces. Firewall

policies define the FortiGate unit process the packets in a communication session.

You can configure the firewall policies to allow only specific traffic, users and

specific times when traffic is allowed.

For the initial installation, a single firewall policy that enables all traffic through will

enable you to verify your configuration is working. On lower-end units such a

default firewall policy is already in place. For the higher end FortiGate units, you

will need to add a firewall policy.

The following steps add two policies that allows all traffic through the FortiGate

unit, to enable you to continue testing the configuration on the network.

To add an outgoing traffic firewall policy

config firewall profile

edit <seq_num>

set srcintf <source_interface>

set srcaddr <source_IP>

set dstintf <destination_interface>

set dstaddr <destination_IP>

set schedule always

set service ANY

set action accept

end

To create an incoming traffic firewall policy, use the same commands with the

addresses reversed.

Note that these policies allow all traffic through. No protection profiles have been

applied. Ensure you create additional firewall policies to accommodate your

network requirements.

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Configuring

Verify the configuration

Your FortiGate unit is now configured and connected to the network. To verify the

FortiGate unit is connected and configured correctly, use your web browser to

browse a web site, or use your email client to send and receive email.

If you cannot browse to the web site or retrieve/send email from your account,

review the previous steps to ensure all information was entered correctly and try

again.

Remember, to verify the firewall policies. The firewall policies control the flow of

information through the FortiGate unit. If they are not set up correctly, or are too

restrictive, it can prohibit network traffic.

Backing up the configuration

Once you have determined your FortiGate is configured and working correctly, it is

extremely important that you back up your configuration. By backing up the

configuration, you ensure that if you need to reset the FortiGate unit for whatever

reason, you will be able to quickly return it to operation with minimal effort.

To back up the FortiGate configuration

Go to System > Maintenance > Backup & Restore.

Select to back up to your PC or to a USB key.

The USB Disk option will be grayed out if the FortiGate unit supports USB disks

but none are connected.

Select Encrypt the backup file.

Encryption must be enabled on the backup file to backup VPN certificates.

Enter a password and enter it again to confirm it. You will need this password to

restore the file.

Select Backup.

The web browser will prompt you for a location to save the configuration file. The

configuration file will have a .conf extension.

It is a good practice to backup the FortiGate configuration after any modification to

any of the FortiGate settings. Alternatively, before performing an upgrade to the

firmware, ensure you backup the configuration before upgrading. Should anything

happen during the upgrade that changes the configuration, you can easily restore

the saved configuration.

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Restoring a configuration

Configuring

Restoring a configuration

Should you need to restore the configuration file, use the following steps.

To restore the FortiGate configuration

Go to System > Maintenance > Backup & Restore.

Select to upload the restore file from your PC or a USB key.

The USB Disk option will be grayed out if the FortiGate unit supports USB disks

but none are connected.

Enter the path and file name of the configuration file, or select Browse to locate

the file.

Enter a password if required.

Select Restore.

The FortiGate unit will load the configuration file and restart. Once the restart has

completed, verify that the configuration has been restored.

Additional configuration

With the FortiGate connected and allowing traffic to pass-through, there are a few

other configuration. While not mandatory, they will help in ensuring better control

with the firewall.

Set the time and date

For effective scheduling and logging, the FortiGate system date and time must be

accurate. You can either manually set the system date and time or configure the

FortiGate unit to automatically keep its time correct by synchronizing with a

Network Time Protocol (NTP) server.

To set the date and time

Go to System > Status.

Under System Information > System Time, select Change.

Select your Time Zone.

Optionally, select Automatically adjust clock for daylight saving changes.

Select Set Time and set the FortiGate system date and time.

If you want to synchronize the time with an NTP server, enable the option.

Select OK.

Note: If you choose the option Automatically adjust clock for daylight saving changes, the

system time must be manually adjusted after daylight savings time ends.

Set the Administrator password

The default administrator password is no password. You will want to apply a

password to prevent anybody logging into the FortiGate and changing

configuration options.

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Configuring

Additional configuration

To change the administrator password

Go to System > Admin > Administrators.

Select Change Password and enter a new password.

Select OK.

Alternatively, you can also add new administrator users by selecting Create New,

however, you cannot remove the admin administrator. Applying a password for

this account is recommended.

Configure FortiGuard

Configure the FortiGate unit to connect to the FortiGuard Distribution Network

(FDN) to update the antivirus, antispam and IPS attack definitions.

The FDN is a world wide network of FortiGuard Distribution Servers (FDS). When

the FortiGate unit connects to the FDN, it connects to the nearest FDS. To do this,

all FortiGate units are programmed with a list of FDS addresses sorted by nearest

time zone according to the time zone configured for the FortiGate unit.

Before you can begin receiving updates, you must register your FortiGate unit

from the Fortinet web page. For information about registering your FortiGate unit,

see “Register your FortiGate unit” on page 7.

Updating antivirus and IPS signatures

After you have registered your FortiGate unit, you can update antivirus and IPS

signatures. The FortiGuard Center enables you to receive push updates, allow

push update to a specific IP address, and schedule updates for daily, weekly, or

hourly intervals.

To update antivirus definitions and IPS signatures

Go to System > Maintenance > FortiGuard.

Select the blue arrow for AntiVirus and IPS Options to expand the options.

Select Update Now to update the antivirus definitions.

If the connection to the FDN is successful, the web-based manager displays a

message similar to the following:

Your update request has been sent. Your database will

be updated in a few minutes. Please check your update

page for the status of the update.

After a few minutes, if an update is available, the System FortiGuard Center page

lists new version information for antivirus definitions. The System Status page also

displays new dates and version numbers for the antivirus definitions. Messages

are recorded to the event log indicating whether the update was successful or not.

Note: Updating antivirus definitions can cause a very short disruption in traffic currently

being scanned while the FortiGate unit applies the new signature database. Schedule

updates when traffic is light, for example overnight, to minimize any disruption.

For details on further FortiGuard configuration, see the FortiGate Administration

Guide.

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Additional configuration

Configuring

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Advanced configuration

Protection profiles

Advanced configuration

The FortiGate unit and the FortiOS operating system provide a wide range of

features that enable you to control network and internet traffic and protect your

network. This chapter describes some of these options and how to configure

them.

This chapter includes

•

Protection profiles

A protection profile is a group of settings you can adjust to suit your requirements

for network protection. Since protection profiles apply different protection settings

to traffic controlled by firewall policies, you can tailor the settings to the type of

traffic each policy handles.

Use protection profiles to configure:

•

antivirus protection

web filtering

web category filtering

spam filtering

content archiving

instant messaging filtering and access control

P2P access and bandwidth control

logging options for policies and configurations within the policies

rate limiting for VoIP protocols.

Using protection profiles, you can customize types and levels of protection for

different firewall policies.

For example, while traffic between internal and external addresses might need

strict protection, traffic between trusted internal addresses might need moderate

protection. You can configure policies for different traffic services to use the same

or different protection profiles.

The FortiGate unit is preconfigured with four default protection profiles. In many

cases you can use these default protection profiles, or use them as a starting

point in creating your own.

Table 1: Default protection profiles

Strict

Scan

Applies maximum protection to HTTP, FTP, IMAP, POP3, and SMTP traffic.

The strict protection profile may not be useful under normal circumstances but

it is available when maximum protection is required.

Apply virus scanning to HTTP, FTP, IMAP, POP3, and SMTP traffic.

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Firewall policies

Advanced configuration

Web

Apply virus scanning and web content blocking to HTTP traffic.

Unfiltered Apply no scanning, blocking or IPS. Use the unfiltered content profile if no

content protection for content traffic is required. Add this protection profile to

firewall policies for connections between highly trusted or highly secure

networks where content does not need to be protected.

The best way to begin creating your own protection profile is to open a predefined

profile. This way you can see how a profile is set up, and then modify it suit your

requirements. You access Protection profile options by going to Firewall >

Protection Profile, and selecting Edit for one of the predefined profiles.

Protection profiles are used by the firewall policies to determine how network and

Internet traffic is controlled, scanned and when necessary, rejected. The

Protection Profiles can be considered the rules of the firewall policy. Because of

this, you should take some time to review the various options to consider what you

want the firewall policies to do. If, after setting the protection profile and firewall

policies, traffic is not flowing or flowing too much, verify your profile settings.

The number of options and configuration for the protection profile is too vast for

this document. For details on each protection profile feature and setting, see the

FortiGate Administration Guide or the FortiGate Online Help.

Firewall policies

Firewall policies are instructions the FortiGate unit uses to decide what to do with

a connection request. When the firewall receives a connection request, it analyzes

it to extract its source address, destination address, and port number.

For the connection through the FortiGate unit to be successful, the source

address, destination address, and service of the connection must match a firewall

policy. The policy directs the firewall action for the connection. The action can be

to allow the connection, deny the connection, require authentication before the

connection is allowed, or process the packet as an IPSec VPN connection.

You can configure each firewall policy to route connections or apply network

address translation (NAT) to translate source and destination IP addresses and

ports. You also add protection profiles to firewall policies to apply different

protection settings for the traffic controlled by firewall policies.

The FortiGate unit matches firewall policies by searching from the top of the

firewall policy list and moving down until it finds the first match, then performs the

required address translation, blocking and so on described by the protection

profile, then passes on the packet information. This is important, because once

the FortiGate unit finds a match to a policy, it will not continue down the list. You

need to arrange policies in the policy list from more specific to more general.

For example, if you have two policies, one that blocks specific URLs or IP

addresses, and another general policy that lets traffic through. If you put the

general policy at the top, the FortiGate unit will act on the general policy, figuring

the policy has been matched and potentially let the URLs or IPs you wanted

blocked through.

Note: No traffic will flow through a FortiGate unit until at least one firewall policy is added.

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Advanced configuration

Antivirus options

Configuring firewall policies

To add or edit a firewall policy go to Firewall > Policy and select Edit on an

existing policy, or select Create New to add a policy.

The source and destination Interface/Zone match the firewall policy with the

source and destination of a communication session. The Address Name matches

the source and destination address of the communication session.

Schedule defines when the firewall policy is enabled. While most policies are

always on, you can configure a firewall policy so that it is only on at specific times

of the day. For example, you may want to block news and entertainment sites

most of the day, except during lunch or after work, enabling your employees to

only view those sites during non-working times.

Service matches the firewall policy with the service used by a communication

session. This enables you to configure a policy for general web surfing and a

different policy specifically for other traffic such as SMTP mail or FTP uploads and

downloads.

Action defines how the FortiGate unit processes traffic. Specify an action to

accept or deny traffic or configure a firewall encryption policy.

•

Add ACCEPT policies that accept communication sessions. Using an accept

policy, you can apply FortiGate features such as virus scanning and

authentication to the communication session accepted by the policy.

•

Add DENY policies to deny communication sessions.

Add IPSec encryption policies to enable IPSec tunnel mode VPN traffic and

SSL VPN encryption policies to enable SSL VPN traffic. Firewall encryption

policies determine which types of IP traffic will be permitted during an IPSec or

SSL VPN session.

Select Protection Profile to include apply a protection profile to the firewall policy

for scanning of traffic passing through the FortiGate unit.

For details on the firewall policies features and settings, see the FortiGate

Administration Guide or the FortiGate Online Help.

Antivirus options

The FortiGate unit’s antivirus configuration prevents malicious files from entering

and infecting your network environment.

The FortiGate unit uses a number of processes to scan files to ensure unwanted

files and potential attackers do not get through. The FortiGate unit scans using

these antivirus options:

•

File pattern - The FortiGate will check the file against the file pattern setting

you have configured. You can set which file names or file types the FortiGate

unit looks for in the incoming traffic.

•

Virus scan - The virus definitions are kept up to date through the FortiNet

Distribution Network. The list is updated on a regular basis so you do not have

to wait for a firmware upgrade. Note that you must register the FortiGate unit to

and purchase FortiGuard services to use virus scanning through the FDN.

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AntiSpam options

Advanced configuration

•

Grayware - These are unsolicited commercial software programs that are

installed on computers, often without the user's consent or knowledge.

Grayware programs are generally considered an annoyance, but these

programs can cause system performance problems or be used for malicious

ends. The FortiGate unit scans for known grayware executable programs in

each enabled category.

Heuristics - The FortiGate heuristic antivirus engine performs tests on the file

to detect virus-like behavior or known virus indicators. In this way, heuristic

scanning may detect new viruses, but may also produce some false positive

results.

The antivirus elements work in sequence to give you an efficient method of

scanning incoming files. The first three elements have specific functions, the

fourth, the heuristics, is to cover any new previously unknown virus threats. The

four elements work together to offer your network unparalleled antivirus

protection. To ensure that your system is providing the most protection available,

all virus definitions and signatures are up dated regularly through the FortiGuard

antivirus services.

To configure the file patterns that the FortiGate scans, go to AntiVirus > File

Filter.

To enable grayware blocking, go to AntiVirus > Config > Grayware.

Antivirus settings are turned on in the protection profile. In the protection profile

you can enable antivirus options for specific services and which services will use

the file patterns as a part of the antivirus process.

To configure antivirus protection profile settings, go to Firewall > Protection

Profile. Select edit for a profile and select the Anti-Virus options.

For details on the antivirus features and settings, see the FortiGate Administration

Guide or the FortiGate Online Help.

AntiSpam options

The FortiGate unit’s antispam feature detects unsolicited commercial email by

identifying spam email messages and spam transmissions from known or

suspected spam servers.

This feature requires a FortiGuard subscription and a registered FortiGate unit.

When the FortiGate unit receives an email message, it verifies with the FortiGuard

server whether it is a valid email or a spam message. FortiGuard Antispam is one

of the features designed to manage spam. FortiGuard is an antispam system from

Fortinet that includes an IP address black list, a URL black list, and spam filtering

tools. The FortiGuard Center accepts submission of spam email messages as well

as well as reports of false positives.

Depending on how you configure the FortiGate unit, the FortiGate unit will either

tag the message with text so you can easily identify the spam, or delete the

message before it reaches the recipient.

The FortiGate unit also enables you to create your own spam filters using banned

words and black/white lists.

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Advanced configuration

Web filtering

Banned word lists are specific words that may be typically found in email. The

FortiGate unit searches for words or patterns in email messages. If matches are

found, values assigned to the words are totalled. If the defined threshold value is

exceeded, the message is marked as spam. If no match is found, the email

message is passed along to the next filter.

You configure banned words by going to Antispam > Banned Word.

While FortiGuard services maintain a large list of known spammers, it is not

perfect. In some cases, some mail tagged as spam is an individual you want to

receive mail from, while email that is not caught by the spam filters or users you

don’t want to receive email from gets through to your inbox.

White lists and black lists enable you to maintain a list of email addresses that you

want (white list) or don’t want (black list) to receive email from. You can add or

remove addresses from lists as required. The FortiGate unit uses both an IP

address list and an email address list to filter incoming email, if enabled in the

protection profile.

When performing an IP address list check, the FortiGate unit compares the IP

address of the message's sender to the IP address list in sequence. If a match is

found, the action associated with the IP address is taken. If no match is found, the

message is passed to the next enabled spam filter.

When performing an email list check, the FortiGate unit compares the email

address of the message's sender to the email address list in sequence. If a match

is found, the action associated with the email address is taken. If no match is

found, the message is passed to the next enabled antispam filter.

To configure black/white lists, go to AntiSpam > Black/White List.

You enable antispam options for each mail service (POP3, IMAP and SMTP) in

the protection profile. To configure antispam protection profile settings, go to

Firewall > Protection Profile. Select edit for a profile and select the Spam

Filtering options.

For details on the antispam features and settings, see the FortiGate

Administration Guide or the FortiGate Online Help.

Web filtering

Web filtering is a method of controlling what web sites are viewable by users.

There are three main sections to web filtering: the Web Filter Content Block, the

URL Filter, and the FortiGuard Web filter. Each interact with each other in such a

way as to provide maximum control and protection for the Internet users.

Web filtering options are enabled and configured in the protection profile settings

by going to Firewall > Protection Profile. Select edit for a profile and selecting

either the FortiGuard Web Filtering options or the Web Filtering options. You need

to register your FortiGate unit and purchase FortiGuard services to use

FortiGuard Web Filtering.

Content blocking enables you to specify file types and words that the FortiGate

unit should block when encountered. With web content block enabled, every

requested web page is checked against the content block list. The score value of

each pattern appearing on the page is added, and if the total is greater than the

threshold value set in the protection profile, the page is blocked.

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Logging

Advanced configuration

To configure content blocking, go to Web Filter > Content Block.

URL filter enables you to control additional web sites that you can block or allow.

This enables you greater control over certain URLs or sub-URLs. The FortiGate

unit allows or blocks web pages matching any specified URLs or patterns and

displays a replacement message instead.

To configure URL filters, go to Web Filter > URL Filter.

FortiGuard web filtering is a managed web filtering solution provided by Fortinet.

FortiGuard web filtering sorts hundreds of millions of web pages into a wide range

of categories users can allow, block, or monitor. FortiGuard web filtering includes

over 60 million individual ratings of web sites applying to hundreds of millions of

pages. Pages are sorted and rated into 56 categories users can allow, block, or

monitor. Categories may be added to, or updated, as the Internet evolves. You

need to have a FortiGuard subscription to take advantage of FortiGuard web

filtering.

The FortiGate unit also enables you to override the FortiGuard filtering

designation, and you can add your own. To customize your FortiGuard web

filtering, go to Web Filter > FortiGuard - Web Filter.

For details and configuration options for the web filtering features and settings,

see the FortiGate Administration Guide or the FortiGate Online Help.

Logging

Logging is an indirect method of protecting your network. The FortiGate unit’s

robust logging features enable you to see the attacks, spam and virus activity is

occurring on your network. Using this information, you can then take the corrective

action necessary to resolve any problems before they become major problems.

With alert email, you can configure the FortiGate unit to send alert messages,

when specific events occur with specific frequency. By logging to a FortiAnalyzer

unit, you can run over 300 reports on various network traffic.

To configure logging, go to Log&Report > Log Setting.

For details and configuration options for the logging features and settings, see the

FortiGate Administration Guide or the FortiGate Online Help.

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AMC modules

Installing AMC filler units

AMC modules

FortiGate AMC modules enable you to expand your FortiGate unit and network

environment. These modules enable you to provide small packet performance

though optical or copper transceivers. A hard disk module enables you to

quarantine files and store log information.

Modules are available in single-width and double-width components. Depending

on your FortiGate unit, you can use one or more of these modules types.

This chapter includes

•

Installing modules

Installing AMC filler units

Removing modules

Using the AMC modules

Installing AMC filler units

The FortiGate-3810A includes four AMC filler units that you can install in the AMC

slots that do not have a AMC module.This prevents unwanted dirt from entering

the FortiGate unit. Install the fillers on any AMC slots you do not have an AMC

card installed.

To install the filler module

Pull the latch on the filler module to the extended position.

Insert the module by applying moderate force to the front faceplate to slide the

module into the slot.

The filler module should glide smoothly into the chassis. If you encounter any

resistance while sliding the module in, the module could be aligned incorrectly.

Pull the module back out and try inserting it again.

Press the hot swap latch to lock in the module.

Installing modules

The following steps describe how to install an AMC module into your FortiGate

unit. Use this procedure for the single-width and double-width modules.

To avoid any electrostatic discharge (ESD) when handling FortiGate ASM-FB4

modules, install in a static free area.

Insert the fiber transceivers into the module before inserting the module into the

FortiGate unit. For details on installing the transceivers, see the QuickStart Guide

for the module.

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Removing modules

AMC modules

Note: The FortiGate-3810A supports only one FortiGate-ASM-S08 hard disk module.

Note: AMC modules are not hot swappable. Always ensure you properly shut down the

FortiGate unit before installing or removing a module.

To insert a module into a FortiGate chassis

Ensure the FortiGate unit is powered off before proceeding.

Remove the panel block on the FortiGate unit using the hot swap latch.

Pull the latch on the module to the extended position.

Insert the FortiGate module into the empty slot in the chassis. Ensure the Fortinet

logo is right-side up. It should be on the upper-right corner of the module.

Carefully guide the module into the chassis.

Insert the module by applying moderate force to the front faceplate near the upper

edge to slide the module into the slot.

The module should glide smoothly into the chassis. If you encounter any

resistance while sliding the module in, the module could be aligned incorrectly.

Pull the module back out and try inserting it again.

Press the hot swap latch to lock in the module.

Power on the FortiGate unit.

Removing modules

Should you need to remove a module, shut down the FortiGate unit using proper

shut down procedures.

To remove a module

Ensure the FortiGate unit is powered off before proceeding.

To avoid any electrostatic discharge (ESD) when handling FortiGate modules,

install in a static free area.

Pull the hot swap latch on the right-hand side of the module to the extended

position to unlock the module from the FortiGate unit.

Gently pull the hot swap latch to remove the module.

Using the AMC modules

Hard disk module

The FortiGate ASM-S08 is a single-width 80 gigabyte hard disk that enables you

to store log files, content archives locally on your FortiGate unit.

Using the hard disk, you can enable the FortiGate unit to log to the disk, and

periodically upload rolled logs to a FortiAnalyzer unit for storage.

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AMC modules

Using the AMC modules

Note: The FortiGate-3810A supports only one FortiGate-ASM-S08 hard disk module.

Formatting the hard disk

When you first install the ASM-S08 in the FortiGate unit, the hard disk may not be

formatted. This will result in an error in the console when starting up the FortiGate

unit, indicating that the hard drive could not be mounted.

If you see this message, or cannot access the hard disk using the web-based

manager, you will need to format the hard disk using the CLI.

To format the ASM-S08 hard disk enter the following command:

execute formatlogdisk

You are prompted to confirm the formatting. Once the FortiGate unit completes

the formatting, the system will reboot.

Log configuration using the web-based manager

Use the web-based manager to configure the FortiGate unit to log to the

ASM-S08 hard disk.

For details on the various log configurations, see the FortiGate Administration

Guide.

To configure logging to the disk module from the web-based manager

Go to Log&Report > Log Config > Log Setting.

Select Disk.

Select the blue arrow for Disk to expand the options.

Complete the following settings and select Apply:

Minimum log level

Select a log level. The FortiGate unit logs all messages at and

above the logging severity level you select. For example, if you

select Error, the unit logs Error, Critical, Alert and Emergency level

messages.

When log disk is full Select what the FortiGate unit should do when the log disk is full.

You can either select to overright the oldest logs, or stop logging

until you can remove or backup the stored logs.

Log rolling settings Configure how the FortiGate unit begins new log files. Be defining

a specific size or time and date of a new file, they can be better

managed and searched.

Log file should not

exceed

Set the maximum size of the log file. When the set size is reached,

the FortiGate unit begins a new log file.

Log file should be

rolled

Select the time and date when the FortiGate unit will roll the log

file even if the maximum size has not been reached. This is a

useful option if you do not log a lot of traffic and want better control

over log time frames. This can also be useful if you want daily log

files.

Enable log uploading Select to enable the FortiGate unit to upload rolled log files to a

server or FTP site for backup purposes.

Enter the FTP server IP address and user name and password if

required.

Upload

Specify the time to upload the log files. You can configure the

FortiGate unit to upload only when the logs are rolled or on a

regularly scheduled time, whether the logs have rolled or not.

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Using the AMC modules

AMC modules

Upload rolled files in Select to compress the log files before uploading.

gzipped format

Delete files after

uploading

Select to remove the log files once the FTP upoad has completed.

Log configuration using the CLI

Configure the FortiGate unit to log to the ASM-S08 using the CLI within the

FortiAnalyzer command config log disk setting enable.

For details on log configuration, see the FortiGate CLI Reference.

Viewing logs

Logs and content logs stored on the ASM-S08 are available for viewing and

analysis.

To view the FortiGate logs, go to Log&Report > Log Access.

To view the content logs, go to Log&Report > Content Archive. Select the log

type and select Local from the list box.

Note: HA logging is not available with the AMC-S08.

ASM-FB4 and ADM-XB2 modules

AMC (Advanced Mezzanine Card) modules provide additional hardware

accelerated network processing for certain eligible traffic types passing through

their SFP (small form-factor pluggable) network interfaces. This additional

processing resource frees FortiGate units’ main processing resources for other

tasks, improving network performance.

FortiGate-ASM-FB4 modules can improve network throughput for:

•

traffic with small packets, such as VoIP

latency-sensitive traffic, such as streaming multimedia

traffic with long session lifetimes, such as FTP

IPSec VPN traffic

active-active HA load-balanced traffic

P2P traffic

Eligible traffic processing is off-loaded to the module. This fast path processing

leverages the additional hardware acceleration resources provided by the AMC

modules.

Ineligible traffic processing is processed normally. Normal processing by the

FortiGate unit’s main processing resources (CPU, RAM, and FortiASIC content

processor) can include some FortiASIC hardware accelerated processing, but

does not utilize the additional hardware acceleration resources provided by the

modules.

Changing interfaces to operate in SGMII or SerDes mode

SFP transceivers can operate in two modes: SerDes and SGMII (Serial Gigabit

Media Independent Interface). SGMII mode is required if you have SGMII

transceivers. In SGMII mode the interface can operate at 10, 100, or 1000 Mbps.

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AMC modules

Using the AMC modules

For these multi-mode SFP interfaces, SerDes is the default mode. You can use a

CLI command to change the interface to operate in SGMII mode.

Depending on the type of transceivers you install, you need to configure the

FortiGate unit or module for the transceiver using the CLI. Use the mediatype

keyword of the config system interfaceCLI command to change the

interfaces to either SerDes or SGMII mode.

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Using the AMC modules

AMC modules

To change the media type for the proper transceiver, enter the following CLI

command:

config system interface

edit <interface_number>

set mediatype <sgmii-sfp | serdes-sfp>

end

For example:

config system interface

edit AMC-SW1/1

set mediatype sgmii-sfp

set speed auto

edit AMC-SW1/2

set mediatype sgmii-sfp

set speed auto

end

Configure the speed

You must also ensure the speed for the interface is correct for the installed

transceiver. Forcing the speed could result in link failure and disrupted service.

Fortinet recommends enabling link speed auto negotiation by setting speedto

auto.

Use the following command to configure the auto speed setting:

config system interface

edit AMC-SW1/1

set speed auto

end

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FortiGate Firmware

Downloading firmware

FortiGate Firmware

Fortinet periodically updates the FortiGate firmware to include new features and

address issues. After you have registered your FortiGate unit, you can download

FortiGate firmware updates is available for download at the support web site,

http://support.fortinet.com.

You can also use the instructions in this chapter to downgrade, or revert, to a

previous version. The FortiGate unit includes a number of firmware installation

options that enables you to test new firmware without disrupting the existing

installation, and load it from different locations as required.

Only FortiGate admin user and administrators whose access profiles contain

system read and write privileges can change the FortiGate firmware.

This section includes the following topics:

•

Downloading firmware

Using the web-based manager

Using the CLI

Installing firmware from a system reboot using the CLI

T e sting new firmware before installing

Downloading firmware

Firmware images for all FortiGate units is available on the Fortinet Customer

Support web site. You must register your FortiGate unit to access firmware

images. Register the FortiGate unit by visiting http://support.fortinet.com and

select Product Registration.

To download firmware

Log into the site using your user name and password.

Go to Firmware Images > FortiGate.

Select the most recent FortiOS version, and MR release and patch release.

Locate the firmware for your FortiGate unit, right-click the link and select the

Download option for your browser.

Note: Always review the Release Notes for a new firmware release before installing. The

Release Notes can include information that is not available in the regular documentation.

Using the web-based manager

Upgrading the firmware

Installing firmware replaces your current antivirus and attack definitions, along

with the definitions included with the firmware release you are installing. After you

install new firmware, make sure that antivirus and attack definitions are up to date.

For details, see the FortiGate Administration Guide.

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Using the web-based manager

FortiGate Firmware

To upgrade the firmware

Download the firmware image file to your management computer.

Log into the web-based manager as the admin administrative user.

Go to System > Status.

Under System Information > Firmware Version, select Update.

Type the path and filename of the firmware image file, or select Browse and locate

the file.

Select OK.

The FortiGate unit uploads the firmware image file, upgrades to the new firmware

version, restarts, and displays the FortiGate login. This process takes a few

minutes.

Reverting to a previous version

The following procedures revert the FortiGate unit to its factory default

configuration and deletes IPS custom signatures, web content lists, email filtering

lists, and changes to replacement messages.

Before beginning this procedures, it is recommended that you back up the

FortiGate unit configuration.

If you are reverting to a previous FortiOS version, you might not be able to restore

the previous configuration from the backup configuration file.

Note: Installing firmware replaces the current antivirus and attack definitions, along with the

definitions included with the firmware release you are installing. After you install new

firmware, make sure that antivirus and attack definitions are up to date. For details, see the

FortiGate Administration Guide.

Note: To use this procedure, you must log in using the admin administrator account, or an

administrator account that has system configuration read and write privileges.

To revert to a previous firmware version

Copy the firmware image file to the management computer.

Log into the FortiGate web-based manager.

Go to System > Status.

Under System Information > Firmware Version, select Update.

Type the path and filename of the firmware image file, or select Browse and locate

the file.

Select OK.

The FortiGate unit uploads the firmware image file, reverts to the old firmware

version, resets the configuration, restarts, and displays the FortiGate login. This

process takes a few minutes.

Log into the web-based manager.

Restore your configuration.

For information about restoring your configuration see “Restoring a configuration”

on page 32.

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FortiGate Firmware

Using the web-based manager

Backup and Restore from a USB key

Use a USB key to either backup a configuration file or restore a configuration file.

You should always make sure a USB key is properly install before proceeding

since the FortiGate unit must recognize that the key is installed in its USB port.

Note: You can only save VPN certificates if you encrypt the file. Make sure the

configuration encryption is enabled so you can save the VPN certificates with the

configuration file. An encrypted file is ineffective if selected for the USB Auto-Install feature.

To backup configuration

Go to System > Maintenance > Backup and Restore.

Select USB Disk from the backup configuration to list.

Enter a file name for the configuration file.

Select Backup.

To restore configuration

Go to System > Maintenance > Backup and Restore.

Select USB Disk from the restore configuration from list.

Select a backup configuration file from the list.

Select Restore.

Using the USB Auto-Install

The USB Auto-Install feature automatically updates the FortiGate configuration

file and image file on a system reboot. Also, this feature provides you with an

additional backup if you are unable to save your system settings before shutting

down or rebooting your FortiGate unit.

Note: You need an unencrypted configuration file for this feature. Also the default files,

image.out and system.conf, must be in the root directory of the USB key.

Note: Make sure at least FortiOS v3.0MR1 is installed on the FortiGate unit before

installing.

To configure the USB Auto-Install

Go to System > Maintenance > Backup and Restore.

Select the blue arrow to expand the Advanced options.

Select the following:

•

On system restart, automatically update FortiGate configuration file if default

file name is available on the USB disk.

•

On system restart, automatically update FortiGate firmware image if default

image is available on the USB disk.

Enter the configuration and image file names or use the default configuration

filename (system.conf) and default image name (image.out).

The default configuration filename should show in the Default configuration file

name field.

Select Apply.

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Using the CLI

FortiGate Firmware

Using the CLI

Installing firmware replaces your current antivirus and attack definitions, along

with the definitions included with the firmware release you are installing. After you

install new firmware, make sure that antivirus and attack definitions are up to date.

You can also use the CLI command execute update-nowto update the

antivirus and attack definitions. For details, see the FortiGate Administration

Guide.

Before you begin, ensure you have a TFTP server running and accessible to the

FortiGate unit.

To upgrade the firmware using the CLI

Make sure the TFTP server is running.

Copy the new firmware image file to the root directory of the TFTP server.

Log into the CLI.

Make sure the FortiGate unit can connect to the TFTP server.

You can use the following command to ping the computer running the TFTP

server. For example, if the IP address of the TFTP server is 192.168.1.168:

execute ping 192.168.1.168

Enter the following command to copy the firmware image from the TFTP server to

the FortiGate unit:

execute restore image <name_str> <tftp_ip4>

Where <name_str> is the name of the firmware image file and <tftp_ip4>is

the IP address of the TFTP server. For example, if the firmware image file name is

image.outand the IP address of the TFTP server is 192.168.1.168, enter:

execute restore image image.out 192.168.1.168

The FortiGate unit responds with the message:

This operation will replace the current firmware version!

Do you want to continue? (y/n)

Type y.

The FortiGate unit uploads the firmware image file, upgrades to the new firmware

version, and restarts. This process takes a few minutes.

Reconnect to the CLI.

Update antivirus and attack definitions, by entering:

execute update-now

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FortiGate Firmware

Using the CLI

Reverting to a previous version

This procedure reverts the FortiGate unit to its factory default configuration and

deletes IPS custom signatures, web content lists, email filtering lists, and changes

to replacement messages.

Before beginning this procedure, it is recommended that you:

•

back up the FortiGate unit system configuration using the command

execute backup config

back up the IPS custom signatures using the command execute

backup ipsuserdefsig

back up web content and email filtering lists

If you are reverting to a previous FortiOS version (for example, reverting from

FortiOS v3.0 to FortiOS v2.80), you might not be able to restore the previous

configuration from the backup configuration file.

Note: Installing firmware replaces your current antivirus and attack definitions, along with

the definitions included with the firmware release you are installing. After you install new

firmware, make sure that antivirus and attack definitions are up to date. You can also use

the CLI command execute update-nowto update the antivirus and attack definitions.

Note: To use this procedure, you must log in using the admin administrator account, or an

administrator account that has system configuration read and write privileges.

To use the following procedure, you must have a TFTP server the FortiGate unit

can connect to.

To revert to a previous firmware version using the CLI

Make sure the TFTP server is running

Copy the firmware image file to the root directory of the TFTP server.

Log into the FortiGate CLI.

Make sure the FortiGate unit can connect to the TFTP server.

You can use the following command to ping the computer running the TFTP

server. For example, if the TFTP server’s IP address is 192.168.1.168:

execute ping 192.168.1.168

Enter the following command to copy the firmware image from the TFTP server to

the FortiGate unit:

execute restore image <name_str> <tftp_ipv4>

Where <name_str> is the name of the firmware image file and <tftp_ip4>is

the IP address of the TFTP server. For example, if the firmware image file name is

imagev28.outand the IP address of the TFTP server is 192.168.1.168, enter:

execute restore image image28.out 192.168.1.168

The ForitGate unit responds with this message:

This operation will replace the current firmware version!

Do you want to continue? (y/n)

Type y.

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Installing firmware from a system reboot using the CLI

FortiGate Firmware

The FortiGate unit uploads the firmware image file. After the file uploads, a

message similar to the following appears:

Get image from tftp server OK.

Check image OK.

This operation will downgrade the current firmware version!

Do you want to continue? (y/n)

Type y.

The FortiGate unit reverts to the old firmware version, resets the configuration to

factory defaults, and restarts. This process takes a few minutes.

Reconnect to the CLI.

To restore your previous configuration, if needed, use the command:

execute restore config <name_str> <tftp_ip4>

Update antivirus and attack definitions using the command:

execute update-now.

Installing firmware from a system reboot using the CLI

This procedure installs a firmware image and resets the FortiGate unit to default

settings. You can use this procedure to upgrade to a new firmware version, revert

to an older firmware version, or re-install the current firmware.

To use this procedure, you must connect to the CLI using the FortiGate console

port and a RJ-45 to DB-9, or null modem cable.

This procedure reverts the FortiGate unit to its factory default configuration.

For this procedure you install a TFTP server that you can connect to from the

FortiGate internal interface. The TFTP server should be on the same subnet as

the internal interface.

Before beginning this procedure, it is recommended that you back up the

FortiGate unit configuration.

If you are reverting to a previous FortiOS version, you might not be able to restore

the previous configuration from the backup configuration file.

Note: Installing firmware replaces your current antivirus and attack definitions, along with

the definitions included with the firmware release you are installing. After you install new

firmware, make sure that antivirus and attack definitions are up to date. For details, see the

FortiGate Administration Guide.

To install firmware from a system reboot

Connect to the CLI using the RJ-45 to DB-9 or null modem cable.

Make sure the TFTP server is running.

Copy the new firmware image file to the root directory of the TFTP server.

Make sure the internal interface is connected to the same network as the TFTP

server.

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FortiGate Firmware

Installing firmware from a system reboot using the CLI

To confirm the FortiGate unit can connect to the TFTP server, use the following

command to ping the computer running the TFTP server. For example, if the IP

address of the TFTP server is 192.168.1.168:

execute ping 192.168.1.168

Enter the following command to restart the FortiGate unit.

execute reboot

The FortiGate unit responds with the following message:

This operation will reboot the system!

Do you want to continue? (y/n)

Type y.

As the FortiGate unit starts, a series of system startup messages appears. When

the following messages appears:

Press any key to display configuration menu..........

Immediately press any key to interrupt the system startup.

Note: You have only 3 seconds to press any key. If you do not press a key soon enough,

the FortiGate unit reboots and you must log in and repeat the execute reboot

command.

If you successfully interrupt the startup process, the following messages appears:

[G]: Get firmware image from TFTP server.

[F]: Format boot device.

[Q]: Quit menu and continue to boot with default

firmware.

[H]: Display this list of options.

Enter G, F, Q, or H:

Type G to get to the new firmware image form the TFTP server.

The following message appears:

Enter TFTP server address [192.168.1.168]:

Type the address of the TFTP server and press Enter:

The following message appears:

Enter Local Address [192.168.1.188]:

Type an IP address the FortiGate unit can use to connect to the TFTP server. The

IP address can be any IP address that is valid for the network the interface is

connected to. Make sure you do not enter the IP address of another device on this

network.

The following message appears:

Enter File Name [image.out]:

Enter the firmware image filename and press Enter.

The TFTP server uploads the firmware image file to the FortiGate unit and a

message similar to the following appears:

Save as Default firmware/Backup firmware/Run image without

saving: [D/B/R]

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Installing firmware from a system reboot using the CLI

FortiGate Firmware

Type D.

The FortiGate unit installs the new firmware image and restarts. The installation

might take a few minutes to complete.

Restoring the previous configuration

Change the internal interface address, if required. You can do this from the CLI

using the following command:

config system interface

edit <interface>

set ip <address_ip4mask>

set allowaccess {ping|https|ssh|telnet|http}

end

After changing the interface address, you can access the FortiGate unit from the

web-based manager and restore the configuration.

Backup and Restore from a USB key

Use a USB key to either backup a configuration file or restore a configuration file.

You should always make sure a USB key is properly install before proceeding

since the FortiGate unit must recognize that the key is installed in its USB port.

Note: You can only save VPN certificates if you encrypt the file. Make sure the

configuration encryption is enabled so you can save the VPN certificates with the

configuration file. An encrypted file is ineffective if selected for the USB Auto-Install feature.

To backup configuration using the CLI

Log into the CLI.

Enter the following command to backup the configuration files:

exec backup config usb <filename>

Enter the following command to check the configuration files are on the key:

exec usb-disk list

To restore configuration using the CLI

Log into the CLI.

Enter the following command to restore the configuration files:

exec restore image usb <filename>

The FortiGate unit responds with the following message:

This operation will replace the current firmware version!

Do you want to continue? (y/n)

Type y.

Using the USB Auto-Install

The USB Auto-Install feature automatically updates the FortiGate configuration file

and image file on a system reboot. Also, this feature provides you with an

additional backup if you are unable to save your system settings before shutting

down or rebooting your FortiGate unit.

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FortiGate Firmware

Testing new firmware before installing

Note: You need an unencrypted configuration file for this feature. Also the default files,

image.out and system.conf, must be in the root directory of the USB key.

Note: Make sure at least FortiOS v3.0MR1 is installed on the FortiGate unit before

installing.

To configure the USB Auto-Install using the CLI

Log into the CLI.

Enter the following command:

config system auto-install

set default-config-file <filename>

set auto-intall-config {enable | disable}

set default-image-file <filename>

set auto-install-image {enable | disable}

end

Enter the following command to see the new firmware installation settings:

get system status

Additional CLI Commands for a USB key

Use the following CLI commands when you want to delete a file from the FortiUSB

key, list what files are on the key, including formatting the key or renaming a file:

• exec usb-disk list

• exec usb-disk delete <filename>

• exec usb-disk format

• exec usb-disk rename <old_filename1> <old_filename2>

Note: If you are trying to delete a configuration file from the CLI command interface, and

the filename contains spaces, you will need quotations around the filename before you can

delete the file from the FortiUSB key.

Testing new firmware before installing

You can test a new firmware image by installing the firmware image from a

system reboot and saving it to system memory. After completing this procedure,

the FortiGate unit operates using the new firmware image with the current

configuration. This new firmware image is not permanently installed. The next

time the FortiGate unit restarts, it operates with the originally installed firmware

image using the current configuration. If the new firmware image operates

successfully, you can install it permanently using the procedure “Upgrading the

firmware” on page 47.

To use this procedure, you must connect to the CLI using the FortiGate console

port and a RJ-45 to DB-9 or null modem cable. This procedure temporarily installs

a new firmware image using your current configuration.

For this procedure you install a TFTP server that you can connect to from the

FortiGate internal interface. The TFTP server should be on the same subnet as

the internal interface.

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Testing new firmware before installing

FortiGate Firmware

To test the new firmware image

Connect to the CLI using a RJ-45 to DB-9 or null modem cable.

Make sure the TFTP server is running.

Copy the new firmware image file to the root directory of the TFTP server.

Make sure the internal interface is connected to the same integer as the TFTP

server.

You can use the following command to ping the computer running the TFTP

server. For example, if the TFTP server’s IP address is 192.168.1.168:

execute ping 192.168.1.168

Enter the following command to restart the FortiGate unit:

execute reboot

As the FortiGate unit reboots, press any key to interrupt the system startup. As the

FortiGate unit starts, a series of system startup messages appears.

When the following messages appears:

Press any key to display configuration menu....

Immediately press any key to interrupt the system startup.

Note: You have only 3 seconds to press any key. If you do not press a key soon enough,

the FortiGate unit reboots and you must login and repeat the execute reboot

command.

If you successfully interrupt the startup process, the following messages appears:

[G]: Get firmware image from TFTP server.

[F]: Format boot device.

[Q]: Quit menu and continue to boot with default

firmware.

[H]: Display this list of options.

Enter G, F, Q, or H:

Type G to get the new firmware image from the TFTP server.

The following message appears:

Enter TFTP server address [192.168.1.168]:

Type the address of the TFTP server and press Enter:

The following message appears:

Enter Local Address [192.168.1.188]:

Type an IP address of the FortiGate unit to connect to the TFTP server.

The IP address must be on the same network as the TFTP server, but make sure

you do not use the IP address of another device on the network.

The following message appears:

Enter File Name [image.out]:

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FortiGate Firmware

Testing new firmware before installing

Enter the firmware image file name and press Enter.

The TFTP server uploads the firmware image file to the FortiGate unit and the

following appears.

Save as Default firmware/Backup firmware/Run image without

saving: [D/B/R]

Type R.

The FortiGate image is installed to system memory and the FortiGate unit starts

running the new firmware image, but with its current configuration.

You can test the new firmware image as required. When done testing, you can

reboot the FortiGate unit, and the FortiGate unit will resume using the firmware

that was running before you installed the test firmware.

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Testing new firmware before installing

FortiGate Firmware

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Index

adding a default route 23, 2 6

additional resources 9

admin password 32

air flow 13

ambient temperature 13

antispam options 38

antivirus options 37

auto-install 49

firewall policies 24, 27, 36

firmware

backup and restore from USB 54

download 47

from system reboot 52

installing 52

re-installing current version 54

restore from CLI 54

restoring previous config 54

revert from CLI 51

auto-install from CLI 54

reverting with web-based manager 48

testing before use 55

testing new firmware 55

upgrade from CLI 50

backing up 31

upgrade with web-based manager 47

upgrading using the CLI 50

FortiGuard 33

Fortinet Knowledge Center 10