AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
Fixed Dome Network Camera
User’s Manual
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
3
Contents
Product overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Key features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Accessing the Camera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Access from a browser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
AXIS Media Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Setting the root password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Accessing the camera from the Internet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
The Live View page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Video Streams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
How to stream MPEG-4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
MPEG-4 clients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Motion JPEG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Configuring the camera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Accessing the Setup link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Video & Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Overlay/Mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Advanced . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Live View Config . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
HTML Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
External Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Sequence Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Event Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Event Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Camera Tampering (AXIS 209 FD-R/FD-R M12) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Motion Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
System Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Date & Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
LED Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Advanced . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Resetting to the factory default settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Unit connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Technical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
General performance considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
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Product overview
Description
The AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 Fixed Dome Network Camera is a high-performance, progressive-scan
camera with a discreet compact casing that effectively protects against tampering.
The AXIS 209FD is ideally suited for office and business locations, whereas the product casing of the AXIS
209FD-R/FD-R M12 allows it to be used in humid environments such as professional in-vehicle
surveillance.
Multi-window motion detection and simultaneous Motion JPEG and MPEG-4 allow for optimization both
on image quality and bandwidth efficiency. The frame rate can be up to 30 fps in VGA.
Multi-level password protection, IP-address filtering and HTTPS encryption ensure network security. Power
over Ethernet reduces cabling requirements and enables centralized power back up. Supported by the
industry's largest base of surveillance applications, the AXIS 209FD is the perfect solution for securing
shops, hotel receptions and corridors, while the AXIS 209FD-R/FD-R M12 is the perfect solution for
securing buses, trains, trams, and other types of transportation vehicles.
Key features
• Discreet and compact design, effectively protecting against tampering/vandalisation
• The product casing for the AXIS 209FD-R/FD-R M12 is ruggedized so it can be used in humid
environments such as mass transit vehicles.
• Superior image quality with progressive scan and 30 frames per second in VGA
• Simultaneous Motion JPEG and MPEG-4 for optimized quality and bandwidth
• Power over Ethernet for reduced cabling and consolidated power
• Multi-window motion detection with alarm image buffering
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
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Overview
Front view
Rear view
Position of rear cable
exit (optional)
Side view
Base plate
∅102mm
Screw holes
Product ID & Serial
number (S/N) label
Screw hole
Screw hole
Network cable with
connector
Screw hole
Indicator LEDs
Control button
Screw hole
Dimensions
Diameter 1 = 102mm (4.02”), Diameter 2 = 100mm (3.94”)
Height = 39mm (1.54”)
Weight = 0.18 kg (0.40lb)
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
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Control button - Press this button to install using the AXIS Internet Dynamic DNS Service, or to restore the
LED Indicators
LED
Color
Green
Amber
Unlit
Description
Network
Steady for connection to 100 Mbit/s network. Flashes for network activity.
Steady for connection to 10 Mbit/s network. Flashes for network activity.
No connection.
Status
Power
Green
Shows steady green for normal operation.
Note: The Status LED can be configured to be unlit during normal operation, or to flash
only when the camera is accessed. See the online help files for more information. Go to
Setup > System Options > LED settings
Amber
Red
Steady during startup, reset to factory default or when restoring settings.
Slow flash for failed upgrade.
Green
Amber
Normal operation.
Flashes green/amber during firmware upgrade.
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
7
Accessing the Camera
The network camera must be installed first before you can access it. To install the camera please see the
installation guide supplied with the product.
The camera can be used with most operating systems and browsers. The recommended browser is Microsoft
Internet Explorer with Windows, Safari with Macintosh and Mozilla with other operating systems.
Notes: • To view streaming video in Microsoft Internet Explorer, set your browser to allow ActiveX controls and allow the AXIS Media
• QuickTimeTM and Real PlayerTM are also supported for viewing streaming MPEG-4 video and audio.
• If your computer restricts the use of additional software components, it is also possible to use the Firefox browser, which does not
require extra components.
• The AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 includes one (1) decoder license for viewing MPEG-4 video streams. This is automatically
installed with AMC. The administrator can disable the installation of the MPEG-4 decoder, to prevent unlicensed copies from
being installed. Further licenses are available from your Axis dealer.
Access from a browser
1. Start a browser (Internet Explorer, Firefox)
2. Enter the IP address or host name of the camera in the
Location/Address field of your browser.
To access the camera from a Macintosh computer (Mac OSX), simply click on the Bonjour tab and
select the AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 from the drop-down list.
3. If this is the first time the camera is accessed, see Setting the root password, on page 8. Otherwise
enter your user name and password, as set by the administrator.
4. The camera’s Live View page is now displayed in your browser.
Note: The layout of the Live View page may have been customized to specific requirements. Consequently, some of the examples and
functions featured here may differ from those displayed on your own Live View page.
AXIS Media Control
The AXIS Media Control (AMC) is installed automatically the first time the camera is accessed
from Microsoft Internet Explorer. The AMC control panel is used to configure various video set-
tings, and can be opened by right-clicking on the video image in the Live View web page. Please
see the readme file included in the tool for more information.
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
8
Setting the root password
1. When accessing the camera for the first time, the
‘Configure Root Password’ dialog appears.
Note: Before you enter your password at this point, you can secure configu-
ration of the root password via HTTPS by creating a self-signed certifi-
cate. To do so, click the Create self-signed certificate... button in the
Create Certificate window, and then proceed as follows.
2. Enter a password and then re-enter, to confirm the
spelling. Click OK.
3. The ‘Enter Network Password’ dialog appears. Enter
the User name: root
Note: The default administrator user name root is permanent and cannot be
deleted or altered.
4. Enter the password as set in step 2 above, and click OK. If the password is lost, the camera must be
5. If required, click Yes to install the AXIS Media Control (AMC). You will need administrator rights
on the computer to do this.
Accessing the camera from the Internet
Once installed, the camera is accessible on your local network (LAN). To access the camera from the Internet
you must configure your broadband router to allow incoming data traffic to the camera. To do this, enable
the NAT-traversal feature, which will attempt to automatically configure the router to allow access to the
camera. This is enabled from Setup > System Options > Network > TCP/IP Advanced.
For more information, please see NAT traversal (port mapping) for IPv4, on page 28. See also the AXIS
The Live View page
Depending on whether or not the Live View page has been customized, the buttons described below may or
may not be visible.
The Video format drop-down list allows the video format on the Live View page to be
temporarily changed.
The manual Trigger button can trigger an event directly from the Live View page. This is
configured from Setup > Live View Config > Layout.
The Snapshot button saves a snapshot of the video image currently being displayed.
Right-click on the video image to save it in JPEG format on your computer. This button
is primarily intended for use when the AMC viewer toolbar is not available.
The AMC (AXIS Media Control) viewer toolbar is available in Microsoft Internet Explorer only. It
displays the following buttons:
The Play/Stop button starts and stops the live video stream.
The Snapshot button saves a snapshot of the video image currently being displayed. The
Snapshot function and the target directory for saving snapshots can be configured from
the AMC Control Applet in the Windows Control Panel (Internet Explorer only).
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
9
Click the View Full Screen button to make the video image fill the entire screen area. No
other windows will be visible. Press Esc (Escape) on the computer keyboard to exit full
screen.
Click the Record button to start an MPEG-4 recording (only available when viewing
MPEG-4).
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
10
Video Streams
The AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 provides several different image and video stream formats. The type to
use depends on your requirements and on the properties of your network.
The Live View page provides access to MPEG-4 and Motion JPEG video streams, as well as to single JPEG
images. Other applications and clients can also access these video streams/images directly, without going
via the Live View page.
How to stream MPEG-4
This video compression standard makes good use of bandwidth, and can provide DVD-quality video streams
at less than 1 Mbit/s. Note that the image settings of the MPEG-4 stream are the same for all clients.
Deciding on the combination of protocols and methods to use depends on your viewing requirements, and
Unicast RTP
This unicast method (RTP over UDP)
should be your first consideration for live
unicast video, especially when it is
important to always have an up-to-date
video stream, even if some images are
dropped.
Unicasting is used for video-on-demand broadcasting, so that there is no video
traffic on the network until a client connects and requests the stream.
RTP over RTSP
This unicast method (RTP tunneled over
RTSP) is useful as it is relatively simple to
configure firewalls to allow RTSP traffic.
Note that there is a maximum of 10 simultaneous unicast connections.
RTP over RTSP over HTTP
This unicast method can be used to
traverse firewalls. Firewalls are com-
monly configured to allow the HTTP pro-
tocol, thus allowing RTP to be tunneled.
Multicast RTP
This method (RTP over UDP) should be used for live multicast video. The video stream is always up-to-date, even if some
images are dropped.
Multicasting provides the most efficient use of bandwidth when there are large numbers of clients viewing simultaneously. A
multicast broadcast cannot however, pass a network router unless the router is configured to allow this. It is thus not possible
to multicast over the Internet, for example.
Note also that all multicast viewers count as one unicast viewer in the maximum total of 10 simultaneous connections.
AMC will negotiate with the camera to determine exactly which transport protocol to use in the order listed
above. This order can be changed and the options disabled, to suit any specific requirements.
Important!
MPEG-4 is licensed technology. The AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 includes one viewing client
license. Installing additional unlicensed copies of the viewing client is prohibited. To purchase addi-
tional licenses, contact your Axis reseller.
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
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MPEG-4 clients
AXIS Media Control (AMC)
The recommended method of accessing live video (MPEG-4 and
Motion JPEG) from the AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 is to use the
AXIS Media Control (AMC) in Microsoft Internet Explorer in
Windows.
The AMC control panel can be used to configure various video and
audio settings. Please see the readme file included in the tool for
more information.
The AMC control panel is automatically installed on first use, after
which it can be configured.
Open the AMC Control Panel from:
• Windows Control Panel (from the Start menu)
• Alternatively, right-click the video image in Internet Explorer
and click Settings in the menu.
QuickTime™ & Real Player™
To access the video stream from e.g. QuickTime™ or Real Player™ the following path can be used:
rtsp://<ip>/mpeg4/media.amp
Notes: • The AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 supports QuickTime 6.5.1 (or later) and Real Player 10.5 (or later)
• QuickTime adds latency to the video and audio stream (up to 3 seconds)
• It may be possible to use other players to view the MPEG-4 stream using the paths above, although this is not guaranteed by Axis
• <ip> = IP address
Motion JPEG
This format uses standard JPEG still images for the video stream. These images are then displayed and
updated at a rate sufficient to create a stream that shows constantly updated motion.
The Motion JPEG stream uses considerable amounts of bandwidth, but provides excellent image quality and
access to every individual image contained in the stream. The recommended method of accessing Motion
JPEG live video from the AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 is to use the AXIS Media Control (AMC) in
Microsoft Internet Explorer in Windows.
Note also that multiple clients accessing Motion JPEG streams can use different image settings.
Alternative methods of accessing the video stream
Video/images from the AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 can also be accessed in the following ways:
• Motion JPEG server push (if supported by the client, example, Firefox). This option maintains an open
HTTP connection to the browser and sends data as and when required, for as long as required.
tion=320x240
• Windows Media Player. This requires AMC and the MPEG-4 viewing client to be installed. The paths that
can be used are listed below in the order of preference.
• Unicast via RTP: axrtpu://<ip>/mpeg4/media.amp
• Unicast via RTSP: axrtsp://<ip>/mpeg4/media.amp
• Multicast: axrtpm://<ip>/mpeg4/media.amp
Note: <ip> = IP address
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
12
Configuring the camera
This section describes how to configure the camera, and is intended for product Administrators, who have
unrestricted access to all the configuration menus; and Operators, who have access to the settings for Video
& Image, Audio, Live View Config and Event Configuration.
The descriptions below show examples of the features available in the AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12. For
details of each setting, please refer to the online help available from the setup tools. Click
online help.
to access the
Accessing the Setup link
Follow the instructions below to access the Setup link from a browser.
1. Start your browser and enter the IP address or host
name of the camera in the location/address field.
2. The Live View page is now displayed. Click Setup to
view more menu options.
Setup link
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
13
Video & Image
Image
Use these settings to change the image as required. The image can be rotated, the image resolution and
compression be adjusted, and the white balance be changed. The image can also be mirrored to change the
perspective.
The configuration of the video image will affect the camera’s overall performance, depending on how it is
used and on the available bandwidth. Setting higher resolution and lower compression improves video
image quality, but increases the amount of bandwidth required.
Please see the online help
for further information on these settings.
Mirroring
Mirroring is the horizontal flipping of an image, that gives you another image perspective. This does not
affect performance.
Mirroring is a useful function when you need a direct view of the image - for example, in ATMs and door
phones. A person looks into the camera and a direct view of the face is displayed. The mirror settings should
be defined before we define the parameters for privacy masks and motion detection.
Text Overlay Settings
The date, time, and user defined text can be included on one
line, either on the top or bottom of the video image.
It is also possible to set how the text and text background are
displayed. You can set the text to be either black or white,
and the text background can also be set to black, white,
semi-transparent, or transparent.
Text, date and
time overlay
Please see the online help for further information
.
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
14
Video Stream
Define the maximum video stream time per session in seconds, minutes or hours. When the set time has
expired, a new stream can be started by refreshing the page in the browser. For unlimited video stream time,
select the Unlimited radio button option. Note that the maximum video stream time does not apply to
clients connecting via multicast.
The frame rate allowed to each viewer can also be limited to avoid bandwidth problems on the network. To
allow the highest available frame rate, select the Unlimited radio button option.
For a preview of the image click Test. When satisfied with the settings, click Save. Note that the preview
image will be in JPEG format, even though the settings are valid both for Motion JPEG and MPEG-4.
Overlay/Mask
Overlay/Mask Settings
When using an image overlay, select
from the following options:
Text, date and
time overlays
• Uploaded image as overlay - usually
Overlay image
used to provide extra information in
the video image.
• Configurable areas as privacy masks
- up to three black areas are used to
conceal parts of the video image.
The difference between an overlay and a
privacy mask is that a privacy mask
cannot be bypassed by accessing the
video stream with the help of the AXIS
HTTP API, whereas an overlay can. After you choose one of these options further options are displayed for
the selected type. See the online help
for further information.
Upload and use an overlay/mask
To upload an overlay image/privacy mask to the camera:
1. Select the type of overlay to use in Overlay/Mask Type.
2. In the Upload own image field, click the Browse button and locate the image file on your
computer or server.
3. Click the Upload button and follow the on-screen instructions.
To use an already uploaded image:
1. Select an uploaded image from the Use image drop-down list.
2. Place the image at the required location by entering the x and y coordinates (0,0 being the upper
left corner).
3. Click Save.
Overlay image requirements
Image Formats
Image Size
•
Windows 24-bit BMP (full color)
The height and width of the overlay image in
pixels must be divisible by 4.
•
Windows 4-bit BMP (16 colors)
The height and width of the overlay image in
pixels must be divisible by 16.
There are a number of limitations when using overlay images, such as the size and positioning of images.
Please refer to the online help for more information.
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15
Advanced
Camera
This page contains settings for fine-tuning the video image.
Lighting Conditions
To compensate for the lighting Conditions, the Color level, Brightness, Sharpness, and the exposure
control can be adjusted.
Low Light Behavior
Exposure priority defines the balance between image quality and the frame rate. Higher image quality may
reduce frame rate and increase motion blur. A prioritized frame rate may instead increase image noise.
Depending on requirements, use this to prioritize the image quality or the frame rate.
Please refer to the online help for more information
.
MPEG-4
These are the tools for adjusting the MPEG-4 settings and controlling the video bit rate.
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GOV Settings
The GOV structure describes the composition of the MPEG-4 video stream. Setting the GOV-length to a high
value saves considerably on bandwidth. The Cyclic refresh parameter gives a smoother bit rate and can be
useful if bandwidth is limited.
Bit Rate Control
Limiting the maximum bit rate is a good way of controlling the bandwidth used by the MPEG-4 video
stream. Leaving the Maximum bit rate as unlimited will provide consistently good image quality, but at the
expense of increased bandwidth usage whenever there is more activity in the image. Limiting the bit rate to
a defined value will prevent excessive bandwidth usage, but images will be lost when the limit is exceeded.
Note that a maximum bit rate can be used for both variable and constant bit rates.
The bit rate type can be set as Variable Bit Rate (VBR) or Constant Bit Rate (CBR). VBR will adjust the bit
rate according to the images' complexity, thus using a lot of bandwidth for a lot of activity in the image
and less for lower activity in the monitored area.
CBR allows you to set a fixed Target bit rate that will consume a predictable amount of bandwidth, and
which will not change whatever happens in the image.
As the bit rate would usually need to increase for increased image activity, but in this case cannot, the
frame rate and image quality will be affected negatively. To go some of the way towards compensating for
this, it is possible to prioritize either the frame rate or the image quality whenever the bit rate would need to
be increased. Not setting a priority means the frame rate and image quality will be affected more or less
equally.
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17
Live View Config
Layout
The settings on this page allow you to decide the layout of the Live View page. You can include action
buttons, decide the default video format, and the default viewer among other things.
Default Video Format
Select the default video format to use on the Live View page. Checking the Show video format selection
box option displays a drop-down list on the Live View page allowing you to temporarily change the format.
When using MPEG-4 as the video format, the default viewer is AXIS Media Control with Internet Explorer.
Note: It is also possible to view Motion JPEG when MPEG-4 is chosen as default and vice versa.
Default Viewer
From the drop-down lists, select the default method for viewing video images for your browser. The camera
will attempt to show the video images in the selected video format and viewer. If this is not possible, the
camera will override the settings and select the best available combination.
Browser
Viewer
Description
AMC
Recommended viewer in Windows Internet Explorer (MPEG-4 /Motion JPEG).
MPEG-4 only.
QuickTime
Java applet
Windows
A slower imaging alternative to AMC. Requires one of the following installed on the client:
Internet Explorer
•
•
JVM (J2SE) 1.4.2 or higher
JRE (J2SE) 5.0 or higher
Still image
Server Push
QuickTime
Java applet
Still image
Displays still images only. Hit the Refresh button in your browser to view a new image.
Recommended viewer for other browsers (Motion JPEG).
MPEG-4 only.
Other browsers
A slower imaging alternative to Server Push (Motion JPEG only).
Displays still images only. Hit the Refresh button in your browser to view a new image.
Viewer Settings
Show viewer toolbar - Check this box to display the AXIS Media Control (AMC) or the QuickTime viewer
toolbar under the video image in your browser.
Enable MPEG-4 decoder installation - The administrator can disable the installation of the MPEG-4 decoder
included with AMC. This is used to prevent installation of unlicensed copies. Further decoder licenses can be
purchased from your Axis dealer.
Enable recording button - This displays the button for starting MPEG-4 recordings directly from the Live
View page.
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Action Buttons
The Show manual trigger button option lets you manually trigger and stop an event from the Live View
Enabling the display of the Snapshot button allows users to save a snapshot from the video stream by
clicking the button. This button is mainly intended for use with browsers other than Internet Explorer, or
when otherwise not using AXIS Media Control (AMC) to view the video stream. AMC (an ActiveX control)
for Internet Explorer provides its own snapshot button.
User Defined Links
Enter a descriptive name for the link and enter the URL in the field provided. The link appears on the Live
View page.
User defined CGI links can be used to issue HTTP API requests. For example:
Select the option Show custom link 1.
Enter a descriptive name, for example, CAM1.
Enter the cgi link:
Select the option Show custom link 2.
Enter a descriptive name, for example, CAM1 Stop Event.
Enter the cgi link:
For more information on the VAPIX® API, see the Developer pages at the Axis web site
HTML Examples
You can add live video from the AXIS 209FD to your own web site. The camera can transmit a Motion
JPEG stream to up to 20 simultaneous connections, although an administrator can restrict this to fewer. If
MPEG-4 is set as video format, multicasting is used and the audio and video stream is available for an
unlimited number of viewers connected to the parts of the network where multicast is enabled. Please note
that a separate MPEG-4 license is required for each viewer.
Select the preferred Video format from the drop down list. The available options are Motion JPEG, MPEG-4
using AMC, and MPEG-4 using QuickTime.
The Motion JPEG selection has additional settings for Image type, Image size and other Optional settings to
configure the video stream to suit your web page.
Click Update once satisfied.
The camera generates the required source code for your configuration. Copy this code and paste it into your
own web page code.
External Video
An external video source is a source originating from some other Axis device on the network. The images
from these sources can be displayed just as if they were produced by the AXIS 209FD.
The External Video Source List shows all of the external video sources currently configured. The
information displayed is the source’s name and the path to the video stream. Up to 20 external video
sources can be configured.
Working with External Video Sources:
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To add a new video source, click the Add button. This opens the External Video Source Setup dialog; Here
you can make all the necessary settings.
To modify an existing video source, select it and click the Modify button.
To delete an external video source, select it and click the Remove button.
Sequence Mode
Sequence Mode is a configuration that automatically displays the view from multiple, previously defined
preset positions (see the online help) and external video sources (see above).
This is useful for security personnel viewing a surveillance system that constantly rotates, in the listed order
or at random, through the selected preset positions and video sources.
To set up a sequence mode, simply select the desired preset positions and/or video sources and enter the
number of seconds or minutes to display each one for. Each position or video source can be displayed for
up to 59 minutes.
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Event Config
Pre-defined parameters, known as an Event or Event Type can trigger certain actions in the camera. A
common event type is an alarm that causes the camera to upload images. Many event types use an Event
Server, to receive uploaded images.
An event that is triggered by a signal, such as a door switch, motion detection, or system event, is called a
A scheduled event runs at pre-programmed times.
An Action refers to what happens when the event occurs.
This section describes how to configure the camera to perform certain actions when events occur.
Event Servers
Event Servers are used to receive uploaded image files and/or notification messages. To set up Event server
connections in your camera, go to Setup > Event Configuration > Event Servers and enter the required
information for the required server type.
Server type
Purpose
Information required
•
Receives uploaded images
•
•
•
•
Descriptive name of your choice
Network address (IP address or host name)
User Name and Password (for FTP server)
Upload path e.g. images/
FTP Server
•
•
Receives notification messages
Receives uploaded images
•
•
•
Descriptive name of your choice
URL (IP address or host name)
User Name and Password (for HTTP server)
HTTP Server
TCP Server
•
Receives notification messages
•
•
•
Descriptive name of your choice
Network address (IP address or host name)
Port number
For details on each setting, please see the online help
available from each web page.
When the setup is complete, the connection can be tested by clicking the Test button (the connection test
takes approximately 10 seconds).
Event Types
An Event Type describes how and when the camera will perform certain actions.
Example:: If somebody passes in front of the camera and an
event that uses motion detection has been configured to act
on this, the camera can e.g. record and save images to an FTP
server, and/or send a notification e-mail to a pre-configured
e-mail address with a pre-configured message. Images can be
sent as e-mail attachments.
Triggered Events
A triggered event can be activated by:
• a manual trigger from an action but-
ton in the web interface, or by a trig-
ger sent via the VAPIX® API
• detected movement in a configured motion detection window
• on restart (boot) after e.g. power loss
• a temperature alarm
• a camera tampering alarm (AXIS 209 FD-R/FD-R M12)
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How to set up a triggered event
This example describes how to set up the camera to upload images when there is movement in the image:
1. Click Add triggered on the Event types page.
2. Enter a descriptive name for the event, such as Movement.
3. Set the priority - High, Normal or Low (see the online help).
4. Set the Respond to Trigger... parameters. Define when the event will be active; for
example, only after office hours.
5. Select the trigger alternative from the Triggered by... drop-down list - Motion detection. Select
the required window and choose if the alarm should be triggered when motion starts or stops.
6. Set the When Triggered... parameters, that is define what the camera will do if there is an alarm -
for example, upload images to an FTP server or send an e-mail notification.
7. Click OK to save the Event in the Event Types list.
Please see the online help
for descriptions of each available option.
Note: Up to 10 event types can be configured in the camera, and up to three of these can be configured to upload images. Files names
can be formatted according to specific requirements. See File Naming & Date/Time Formats online help.
Pre-trigger and Post-trigger buffers
This function helps to check what happened immediately before and/or after a trigger, for example 30
seconds before and/or after the event. Check the Upload images box option under Event Types > Add
Triggered... > When Triggered... to view the options. All uploaded images are JPEG images.
Include pre-trigger buffer - refers to images stored internally in the server from the time immediately
preceding the trigger. Check the box to enable the pre-trigger buffer, enter the desired length of time, and
specify the required image frequency.
Include post-trigger buffer contains images from just after the trigger. Configure as for pre-trigger.
Note:
•
•
•
Pre-trigger and Post-trigger buffers will be lost if the connection to the event server fails.
The maximum length of the pre-/post-buffer depends on the video image size and selected frame rate.
If the pre- or post-buffer is too large for the camera’s internal memory, the frame rate will be reduced and
individual images may be missing. If this occurs, an entry will be created in the unit's log file.
Continue image upload (unbuffered) - enables the upload of video images for a fixed length of time.
Specify the length of time for the uploaded recording, in seconds, minutes or hours, or for as long as the
trigger is active. Finally, set the desired image frequency to the maximum (the maximum available) or to a
specified frame rate. The frame rate will be the best possible, but might not be as high as specified,
especially if uploading via a slow connection.
Scheduled Events
A Scheduled event can be activated at preset times, in a repeating pattern on selected days.
Configuration example:
1. Click Add scheduled on the Event types page.
2. Enter a descriptive name for the event, such as “Scheduled e-mail upload.”
3. Set the priority (High, Normal or Low).
4. Set the Activation Time parameters (24h clock) - when the event will be active; for example, start
on Sundays at 13.00 with a duration of 12 hours.
5. Set the When Activated... parameters; this defines what the camera will do at the specified time;
for example, send uploaded images to an e-mail address.
6. Click OK to save the Event in the Event Types list.
Please see the online help
for descriptions of each available option.
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Camera Tampering (AXIS 209 FD-R/FD-R M12)
The camera tampering application, which is currently available only for the AXIS 209 FD-R/FD-R M12,
generates an alarm whenever the camera is repositioned, or when the lens is covered, sprayed or severely
defocused. You must create an event, see How to set up a triggered event, on page 21, for the camera to send
an alarm.
Note: Once you have set up camera tampering correctly, if you significantly change the area in front of the camera, i.e., 90% of the area
must have been changed, an alarm will be triggered.
For example, if you have set up your Axis camera to monitor a room and you move furniture, pictures, and change the wall paper,
so that you have changed nearly the entire appearance of the room, an alarm will be triggered.
The settings available are:
Minimum duration - This sets the minimum tampering period, that is an alarm will not be triggered until
this period has lapsed, even if the tampering conditions are otherwise met. This can help prevent false
alarms for known conditions that affect the image.
Alarm for dark images - If the camera lens is sprayed and the image is darkened, it will not be possible to
distinguish this from other situations where the same effect is seen, that is when the lighting conditions
change. When this is enabled, alarms are generated for all cases where the image turns dark or the lens is
sprayed.
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Motion Detection
Motion detection is used to generate an alarm whenever movement occurs (or stops) in the video image. A
total of 10 Include and/or Exclude windows can be configured.
• Included windows target specific areas within the whole video image
• Excluded windows define areas within an Include window that should be ignored (areas outside
Include windows are automatically ignored)
Once configured, the motion detection windows will appear in the list of available triggers, for triggering
Note: Using the motion detection feature may decrease the camera’s overall performance.
Configuring Motion Detection
1. Click Motion Detection in the Event Configuration menu.
2. Click the Configure Included Window radio button and click New.
3. Enter a descriptive name under Window name.
4. Adjust the size (drag the bottom right-hand corner) and position (click on the text at the top and
drag to the desired position).
5. Adjust the Object size, History and Sensitivity profile sliders (see table below for details). Any
detected motion within an active window is then indicated by red peaks in the Activity window
(the active window has a red frame).
6. Click Save.
To exclude parts of the Include window, click the Configure Excluded Windows button
and position the Exclude window as required, within the Include window.
Please see the online help
for descriptions of each available option.
Object Size
History
Sensitivity
High level
Low level
Only very large objects
trigger motion detection
An object that appears in the region will trigger Ordinary colored objects on ordinary back-
the motion detection for a long period
grounds will trigger the motion detection
Even very small objects
trigger motion detection
An object that appears in the region will trigger Only very bright objects on a dark background
motion detection for only a very short period
Medium to High
will trigger motion detection
Medium to High
Default value
Low
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Tips:
•
•
•
Avoid triggering on small objects in the video image by setting the object size level to high.
To reduce the number of triggers if there is a lot of movement during a short period of time, select a high history level.
To only detect flashing light, low sensitivity can be selected. In other cases, a high sensitivity level is recommended.
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System Options
Security
User access control is enabled by default. An administrator can set up other new users, by giving them user
names and passwords. It is also possible to allow anonymous viewer login, which means that anybody may
access the Live View page, as described below:
Users - the user list displays the authorized users and user groups (levels):
Viewer
Provides the lowest level of access, which only allows access to the Live View page.
Operator
An Operator can view the Live View page, create and modify events and adjust certain other
settings. Operators have no access to the System Options.
Administrator An administrator has unrestricted access to the Setup Tools and can determine the registration of
all other users.
To prevent unauthorized use of the product, the AXIS 209FD network camera supports multi-user password
protection, where access can be restricted to a defined number of users only (maximum of 20).
The AXIS 209FD Network Camera supports different methods of user authentication. These are:
• HTTP Basic Authentication - This authenticates the user by requesting a user name and a pass-
word. The exchange of network credentials is in simple base64 coding and is not encrypted.
• HTTP Digest Authentication - This method also requests a user name and password, but the
exchange of credentials is encrypted, which better secures it against eavesdropping.
User Settings - check the relevant checkboxes to enable:
• Anonymous viewer login - allows any viewer direct access to the Live View page.
• Maximum number of simultaneous viewers - enter a value here to restrict the number of Motion
JPEG and MPEG-4 viewers accessing the unit. This is useful if you need to save on bandwidth.
Note that within the limit of 20 users, all multicast viewers count as 1 viewer.
IP Address Filter
Enable IP Address Filtering to allow or deny access to the AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12. Once enabled, the
IP addresses in the list will be allowed or denied access according to the choice made in the drop-down list
Allow/Deny the following IP addresses.
The administrator can add up to 256 IP address entries to the list (a single entry can contain multiple IP
addresses). The users from these IP addresses need to be specified in the user list with the appropriate access
rights. This is done from Setup > System Options > Security > Users.
Referrals
To prevent unauthorized clients from including the video stream from the cameras into external Web pages,
check the Referrals box option and enter the IP address or Host name of the computer that hosts the Web
pages with the included video stream. Several IP addresses/host names can be defined and are separated by
semicolons (;). This option is only applicable to Motion JPEG video streams.
Notes: •If the referrals feature is enabled and you wish to also allow normal access to the Live View page, the product's
own IP address or host name must be added to the list of allowed referrers.
•Restricting referrers has no effect on an MPEG-4 video stream. To restrict an MPEG-4 stream, IP address filter-
ing must be enabled.
•Restricting referrers is of greatest value when not using IP address filtering. If IP address filtering is used, then
the allowed referrers are automatically restricted to those allowed IP addresses.
HTTPS
The AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 supports encrypted browsing using HTTPS.
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A self-signed certificate can be used until a Certificate Authority-issued certificate has been obtained. Click
the Create self-signed Certificate button to install a self-signed certificate. Although self-signed certificates
are free and offer some protection, true security will only be implemented after the installation of a signed
certificate issued by a certificate authority.
A signed certificate can be obtained from an issuing Certificate Authority by clicking the Create Certificate
Request button. When the signed certificate is returned, click the Install signed certificate button to import
the certificate. The properties of any certificate request currently resident in the camera or installed can also
be viewed by clicking the Properties... button. The HTTPS Connection Policy must also be set in the
drop-down lists to enable HTTPS in the camera. For more information, please refer to the online help.
Date & Time
Current Server Time - Displays the current date and time (24h clock). The time can be displayed in 12h
clock format in the Overlay (see below).
New Server Time - Select your time zone from the drop-down list. If you want the server clock to
automatically adjust for daylight savings time, select the Automatically adjust for daylight saving time
changes.
From the Time Mode section, select the preferred method for setting the time:
• Synchronize with computer time - sets the time from the clock on your computer.
• Synchronize with NTP Server - the camera will obtain the time from an NTP server every 60
minutes.
• Set manually - this option allows you to manually set the time and date.
Note: If using a host name for the NTP server, a DNS server must be configured under TCP/IP settings.
See Basic TCP/IP Settings below.
Date & Time Format Used in Images - Specify the formats for the date and time (12h or 24h) displayed in
the video streams.
Use the predefined formats or use your own custom date and time formats. See Advanced File Naming &
Date/Time Formats in the online help for information on how to create your own file formats.
Network
Basic TCP/IP Settings
IP Address Configuration
The AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 supports both IP version 4 and IP version 6. Both versions may be
enabled simultaneously, and at least one version must always be enabled.
When using IPv4, the IP address for the camera can be set automatically via DHCP, or a static IP address
can be set manually.
If IPv6 is enabled, the AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 will receive an IP address according to the
configuration in the network router.
There are also options for setting up notification of changes in the IP address, and for using the AXIS
Internet Dynamic System. For more information on setting the IP address, please see the online help.
Notes: • DHCP is a protocol for automatic IP address assignment on a network. IP address assignment via DHCP may lead to the situation
where the IP address changes and you lose contact with the camera. Configure the options for notification of IP address change
(under Services) to receive notification from the camera when the IP address changes.
• Alternatively, if your DHCP server can update a DNS server, you can access the AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 by host name which is
always the same, regardless of the IP address.
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Services
Enable ARP/Ping setting of IP address - The IP address can be set using the ARP/Ping method, which
associates the unit's MAC address with an IP address. Check this box to enable the service. Leave disabled to
prevent unintentional resetting of the IP address.
Notes: • The ARP/Ping service is automatically disabled 2 minutes after the unit is started, or as soon as an IP address is set.
• Pinging the unit will still be possible when this service is disabled.
Options for notification of IP address change - If the IP address for the camera changes, automatically by
DHCP for example, you can choose to be notified of the change. Click Settings... and enter the required
information.
AXIS Internet Dynamic DNS Service - Use the AXIS Internet Dynamic DNS service to assign a host name
for easy access to your AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 (requires Internet access).
Click Settings... to register the camera with the Axis Internet Dynamic DNS service, or to modify the
existing settings (requires access to the Internet). The domain name currently registered at the Axis Internet
Dynamic DNS service for your product can at any time be removed.
For more information, please refer to the online help
.
Advanced TCP/IP Settings
DNS Configuration
DNS (Domain Name System) provides the translation of host names to IP addresses on your network.
Obtain DNS server address via DHCP - automatically use the DNS server settings provided by the DHCP
server. Click the View button to see the current settings.
Use the following DNS server address - enter the desired DNS server by specifying the following:
Domain name - enter the domain(s) to search for the host name used by the AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12.
Multiple domains can be separated by semicolons (;). The host name is always the first part of a Fully
Qualified Domain Name, e.g. myserver is the host name in the Fully Qualified Domain Name
myserver.mycompany.com where mycompany.com is the Domain name.
Primary and Secondary DNS servers - enter the IP addresses of the primary and secondary DNS servers.
NTP Configuration
Obtain NTP server address via DHCP - check this radio button to automatically look up and use the NTP
server settings as provided by DHCP. Click the View button to see the current settings.
Use the following NTP server address - to make manual settings, check this radio button option and enter
the host name or IP address of the NTP server in the Network address field.
Host Name Configuration
The AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 can be accessed using a host name, instead of an IP address. The host
name is usually the same as the assigned DNS Name.
Link-Local IPv4 Address
This is enabled by default and assigns the AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 an additional IP address for use
with UPnP™. The camera can have both a Link-Local IP and a static/DHCP-supplied IP address at the same
time - these will not affect each other.
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HTTP
The default HTTP port number (80) can be changed to any port within the range 1024-65535. This is useful
for e.g. simple security port mapping.
HTTPS
The HTTPS port to use. The default setting is 443.
NAT traversal (port mapping) for IPv4
A broadband router allows devices on a private network (LAN) to share a single connection to the Internet.
This is done by forwarding network traffic from the private network to the “outside” i.e. the Internet.
Security on the private network (LAN) is increased since most broadband routers are pre-configured to stop
any attempts to access the private network (LAN) from the public network/Internet.
Use NAT traversal when your AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 is located on an intranet (LAN) and you wish to
make it available from the other (WAN) side of a NAT router. With NAT traversal properly configured, all
HTTP traffic to an external HTTP port in the NAT router will be forwarded to the camera.
LAN (intranet)
WAN (internet)
Broadband
(NAT)
router
ISP
Notes: • For NAT traversal to work, this must also be supported by the broadband router.
• The broadband router has many different names: “NAT router”, “Network router“, Internet Gateway”, “Broadband sharing device”
or “Home firewall” but the essential purpose of the device is the same.
Enable/Disable - When enabled, the AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 will attempt to configure port mapping
in a NAT router on your network, using UPnP™. Note that UPnP™ must be enabled in the camera (see
System Options > Network > UPnP).
Use manually selected NAT router - Select this option to manually select a NAT router and enter the IP
address for the router in the field provided.
If a router is not manually specified, the AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 will automatically search for NAT
routers on your network. If more than one router is found, the default router will be selected.
Alternative HTTP port - Select this option to manually define an external HTTP port. Enter the port number
in the field provided. If no port is entered here a port number will automatically be selected when NAT
traversal is enabled.
Notes: • An alternative HTTP port can be used/be active even if NAT traversal is disabled. This is useful if e.g. your NAT router does not
support UPnP and you need to manually configure port forwarding in the NAT router.
• If you attempt to manually enter a port that is already in use, another available port will automatically be selected.
• When the port is selected automatically it will be displayed in this field. This can be changed by entering a new port number and
clicking Save.
FTP
The FTP server running in the AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 enables the upload of e.g. new firmware, user
applications, etc. Check the box to enable the service.
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RTSP
The RTSP protocol allows a connecting client to start an MPEG-4 stream. Check the box to enable the server
and enter the RTSP port number to use. The default setting is 554. Note that MPEG-4 video streams will not
be available if this service is not enabled.
Network Traffic
Connection Type - The default setting is Auto-negotiate, which means that the correct speed is
automatically selected. If necessary, you can set the connection speed by selecting it from the drop-down
list.
Maximum bandwidth - To minimize the impact on other services running on your network, it is possible to
configure the maximum network bandwidth the product will be allowed to use. Specify the maximum
bandwidth (in Mbit/s or kbit/s) allowed, or set to Unlimited.
SOCKS
SOCKS is a networking proxy protocol. The AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 can be configured to use a SOCKS
server to reach networks on the other side of a firewall/proxy server. This functionality is useful if the
camera is located on a local network behind a firewall, but notifications, uploads, alarms, etc., need to be
sent to a destination outside the local network (e.g. to the Internet).
QoS (Quality of service)
Quality of Service (QoS) provides the means to guarantee a certain level of a specified resource to selected
traffic on a network. Quality can be defined as e.g. a maintained level of bandwidth, low latency, no packet
losses, etc. The main benefits of a QoS-aware network can be summarized as:
• The ability to prioritize traffic and thus allow critical flows to be served before flows with lesser
priority.
• Greater reliability in the network, thanks to the control of the amount of bandwidth an application
may use, and thus control over bandwidth races between applications.
The QoS in Axis network video products marks the data packets for various types of network traffic
originating from the product. This makes it possible for network routers and switches to e.g. reserve a fixed
amount of bandwidth for these types of traffic. The AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 marks the following types
of traffic:
• video
• event/alarm
• management network traffic.
QoS Settings
For each type of network traffic supported by your Axis network video product, enter a DSCP
(Differentiated Services Code Point) value. This value is used to mark the traffic’s IP header. When the
marked traffic reaches a network router or switch, the DSCP value in the IP header tells the router or switch
which type of treatment to apply to this type of traffic, for example, how much bandwidth to reserve for it.
Note that DSCP values can be entered in decimal or hex form, but saved values are always shown in
decimal.
SMTP (email)
Enter the host names (or IP addresses) and port numbers for your primary and secondary mail servers in the
fields provided, to enable the sending of notifications and image/video email messages from the camera to
predefined addresses via SMTP.
If your mail server requires authentication, check the box for Use authentication to log in to this server
and enter the necessary information.
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
30
SNMP
The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) allows remote management of network devices.
Depending on the level of security required, select the version of SNMP to use. The three levels of security
are:
• SNMP V1 - includes no security.
• SNMP V2c - uses very simple security. The community name can be specified as a password for read or
read/write access to all supported SNMP objects. The community is the group of network devices using
SNMP.
• SNMP V3 - provides encryption and secure passwords. HTTPS must be enabled.
UPnP™
The camera includes support for UPnP™, which is enabled by default. If also enabled on your computer, the
camera will automatically be detected and a new icon will be added to “My Network Places.”
Note: UPnP must also be enabled on your Windows XP or ME computer. To do this, open the Control Panel from the Start Menu and
select Add/Remove Programs. Select Add/Remove Windows Components and open the Networking Services section. Click
Details and then select UPnP as the service to add.
RTP
RTP/ MPEG-4. These settings are the port range, IP address, port number (video and audio), and
Time-To-Live value to use for the video stream(s) in multicast MPEG-4 format. Only certain IP addresses
and port numbers should be used for multicast streams. For more information, please see the online help.
Bonjour
The AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12 includes support for Bonjour. When enabled, the camera is automatically
detected by operating systems and clients that support this.
LED Settings
The Status indicator LED on the camera can be set to flash at a configurable interval (or to not light up at
all) whenever the unit is accessed. For a listing of all LED behavior, see page 6, or the online help. Note that
the LED does not flash when the stream is retrieved using MPEG-4 multicast.
Maintenance
• Restart - The camera is restarted without changing any of the settings.
• Restore - The unit is restarted and most current settings are reset to factory default values. The set-
tings that will not be reset are as follows:
• the boot protocol (DHCP or static)
• the static IP address
• the default router
• the subnet mask
• Default - The default button should be used with caution. Pressing this will return all of the cam-
era's settings to the factory default values (including the IP address)
Backup - To take a backup of all of the parameters, and any user-defined scripts, click this button. If
necessary, it will then be possible to return to the previous settings, if settings are changed and there is
unexpected behavior.
Restore - click the Browse button to locate the saved backup file (see above) and then click the Restore
button. The settings will be restored to the previous configuration.
Note: Backup and Restore can only be used on the same unit running the same firmware. This feature is not intended for the configu-
ration of multiple units or for firmware upgrades.
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
31
Support
The Support Overview page provides valuable information on troubleshooting and contact information,
should you require technical assistance.
System Overview - is a quick look over the camera’s status and settings. Information that can be found here
includes the camera’s Firmware version, IP address, Security, Optional Network Services, Event Settings,
Image settings and Recent log items. Many of the captions are also links to the proper Setup page to
conveniently make adjustments in the camera’s settings.
Logs & Reports - When contacting Axis support, please be sure to provide a valid Server Report with your
query.
Advanced
Scripting is an advanced function that provides the means for customizing and using scripts.
Caution!
The scripting function is a very powerful tool. Improper use may cause unexpected behavior or even loss of
contact with the unit. If a script does cause problems, reset the unit to its factory default settings (in which
case, a previously saved backup file will be useful for returning the unit to its latest configuration).
Axis strongly recommends that you do not use this function unless you fully understand its
consequences. Axis support provides no assistance for customized scripts.
Plain Config - this function is for the advanced user with previous experience of configuring Axis cameras.
All parameters can be set and modified from this page. Help is available via the links on the standard setup
pages.
About
Third Party Software Licenses - Click View licenses for a list of the licensed software used in the
AXIS 209FD/FD-R Network Camera.
Resetting to the factory default settings
To reset the camera to the original factory default settings, go to the System Options > Maintenance web
page (as described in Maintenance, on page 30) or use the Control button, which is found inside the camera
Using the Control Button
To reset the camera to the factory default settings using the Control Button:
1. Remove the camera’s cover.
2. Disconnect the network to remove power.
3. Press and hold the Control button while reconnecting the cable.
4. Keep the Control button pressed until the Status Indicator color changes to amber (this may take
up to 15 seconds).
5. Release the Control button.
6. When the Status Indicator changes to Green (which may take up to 1 minute), the process is
complete and the camera has been reset. The unit will now have the default IP address
192.168.0.90
Unit connectors
(AXIS 216FD) network connector. Female RJ-45 Ethernet connector for 10BaseT/100BaseTX. Supports
Power over Ethernet. Using shielded cables is recommended.
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
32
(AXIS 209FD-R) network connector. Female RJ-45 Industrial connector. Compatible with Woodhead
RJ-Lnxx IP67 connectors Supports Power over Ethernet. Using shielded cables is recommended
(AXIS 209FD-R M12) network connector. Male M12 D-code Ethernet connector. Supports Power over
Ethernet. Using shielded cables is recommended.
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
33
Troubleshooting
Checking the firmware
Firmware is software that determines the functionality of the AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12. One of your
first actions when troubleshooting a problem should be to check the currently installed firmware version.
The latest version may contain a correction that fixes your particular problem. The current firmware version
in your camera can be seen on the page Setup > Basic Configuration.
Upgrading the firmware
When you upgrade the firmware with a file from the Axis Web site, your camera will receive the latest
available functionality. Always read the upgrade instructions and release notes available with each new
release, before updating the firmware.
Note: Pre-configured and customized settings will be saved when the firmware is upgraded (providing the same features are available
in the new firmware) although this is not guaranteed by Axis Communications. Always read the instructions and release notes
provided with each new release, before upgrading the firmware.
1. Save the firmware file to your computer.
The latest version of the firmware is
available free of charge from the Axis Web
site at www.axis.com/techsup
2. Go to Setup > System Options >
Maintenance in the camera’s Web pages.
3. In the Upgrade Server section, browse to
the desired firmware file on your computer.
Click Upgrade.
Notes:
•After starting the upgrade process, always wait
at least 5-10 minutes before restarting the cam-
era, even if you suspect the upgrade has failed.
•Your dealer reserves the right to charge for any repair attributable to faulty upgrading by the user.
•The AXIS Camera Management software tool can be used for multiple upgrades. Please see the Axis Web site at
Emergency recovery procedure
If the power/network connection to the camera is lost during the upgrade, the process will fail and the unit
will become unresponsive. A flashing red Status LED indicates a failed upgrade. To recover the unit, follow
the steps below. The serial number is found on the label inside the camera cover.
1. UNIX/Linux - From the command line, type the following:
arp -s <IP address of camera> <Serial number> temp
ping -s 408 <IP address of camera>
Windows - From a command/DOS prompt, type the following:
arp -s <IP address of camera> <Serial number>
ping -l 408 -t <IP address of camera>
2. If the unit does not reply within a few seconds, restart it and wait for a reply. Press CTRL+C to stop
Ping.
3. Open a browser and type in the camera’s IP address. In the page that appears, use the Browse
button to select the upgrade file to use, e.g. axis209fdr.bin. Then click the Load button to restart
the upgrade process.
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
34
4. After the upgrade has completed (1-10 minutes), the unit will automatically restart and show a
steady green on the Power and Status LEDs and flashing green or amber on the Network LED.
5. Referring to the installation guide, reinstall the camera.
6. Windows - If you are using a DHCP server, type the following from a command/DOS prompt:
arp -d <IP address of camera>
If the emergency recovery procedure does not get the camera up and running again, please contact Axis
Axis Support
If you contact Axis support, please help us to help you solve your problems, by providing the server report,
the log file and a detailed description of the problem.
Server Report - go to Setup > System Options > Support Overview. The server report contains important
information about the server and its software, as well as a list of the current parameters.
The Log file is available from Setup > System Options > Logs & Reports. The Log file records events in the
unit since the last system restart and can be a useful diagnostic tool when troubleshooting.
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
35
Symptoms, Possible Causes and Remedial Actions
Problems setting the IP address
When using ARP/Ping
Try the installation again. The IP address must be set within two minutes after power has been applied to the cam-
era. Ensure the Ping length is set to 408. See the Installation Guide.
The camera is located on a different If the IP address intended for the camera and the IP address of your computer are located on different subnets, you
subnet
will not be able to set the IP address. Contact your network administrator to obtain an appropriate IP address.
The IP address is being used by
another device
Disconnect the camera from the network. Run the Ping command. (In a Command/DOS window, type ping and the
IP address of the unit).
If you receive: Reply from <IP address>: bytes = 32; time = 10 ms..... - this means that the IP address may
already be in use by another device on your network. You must obtain a new IP address and reinstall the unit.
If you see: Request timed out - this means that the IP address is available for use with your camera. In this case,
check all cabling and reinstall the unit.
Possible IP address conflict with
another device on the same subnet
The static IP address in the camera is used before the DHCP server sets a a dynamic address. This means that if the
same default static IP address is also used by another device, there may be problems accessing the camera. To
avoid this, set the static IP address to 0.0.0.0.
The camera cannot be accessed from a browser
The IP address has been changed by 1) Move the camera to an isolated network or to one with no DHCP or BOOTP server. Set the IP address again,
DHCP
using the AXIS IP Utility (see the Installation Guide) or the ARP/Ping commands.
2) Access the unit and disable DHCP in the TCP/IP settings. Return the unit to the main network. The unit now has
a fixed IP address that will not change.
3) As an alternative to 2), if a dynamic IP address via DHCP or BOOTP is required, select the required service and
then configure IP address change notification from the network settings. Return the unit to the main network. The
unit will now have a dynamic IP address, but will notify you if the address changes.
Other networking problems
Test the network cable by connecting it to another network device, then Ping that device from your workstation.
See the instructions above.
Camera is accessible locally, but not externally
Broadband router configuration
To configure your broadband router to allow incoming data traffic to the camera: Enable the NAT-traversal fea-
ture, which will attempt to automatically configure the router to allow access to the camera.
This is enabled from Setup > System Options > Network > TCP/IP Advanced.
Note that if your router does not support NAT traversal, it is recommended that port forwarding is configured
manually instead. To do this, set a static IP address for the camera, and set the router to allow HTTP traffic to the
camera’s IP address and HTTP port. Note that the default HTTP port (80) may already be used by the router itself
(for remote administration), so changing the HTTP port for the camera (to e.g. 8000) is recommended.
Firewall protection
Check the Internet firewall with your system administrator.
Check if you need to configure the default router settings.
Default routers required
Problems with the MPEG-4 format
No MPEG-4 displayed in the
client
Check that the correct network interface is selected in the AMC control panel applet (network tab).
Check that the relevant MPEG-4 connection methods are enabled in the AMC control panel applet (network tab).
In the AMC control applet, select the MPEG-4 tab and click the button Set to default MPEG-4 decoder.
No multicast MPEG-4 displayed in
the client
Check with your network administrator that the multicast addresses used by the
camera are valid for your network.
Check with your network administrator to see if there is a firewall preventing viewing.
Multicast MPEG-4 only accessible by Check if your router supports multicasting, or if the router settings between the client and the server need to be
local clients
configured. The TTL (Time To Live) value may need to be increased.
Poor rendering of MPEG-4 images
Color depth set incorrectly on clients. Set to 16-bit or 32-bit color.
If text overlays are blurred, or if there are other rendering problems, you may need to enable Advanced Video Ren-
dering from the MPEG-4 tab in the AMC control panel applet.
Ensure that your graphics card is using the latest device driver. The latest drivers can usually be downloaded from
the manufacturer's web site.
Color saturation is different in
MPEG-4 and Motion JPEG
Modify the settings for your graphics adapter. Please see the adapter's documentation for more information.
Lower frame rate than expected
Reduce number of applications running on the client computer.
Limit the number of simultaneous viewers. This is done in System Options > Security > Users.
Check with the system administrator that there is enough bandwidth available. See also the online help.
Check in the AMC control panel applet (MPEG-4 tab) that video processing is not set to Decode only I frames.
Lower the image resolution.
Why do I not get 30 frames per second? See the section General performance considerations, on page 39.
Lost or poor images in pre-trigger
buffer (MPEG-4 video stream)
Make sure that Cyclic refresh under Setup > Video & Image > Advanced > MPEG-4
is disabled.
Image degeneration
Decrease the GOV length, see the online help for more information.
The Status and Network indicator LEDs are flashing red rapidly
Hardware failure Contact your Axis dealer.
The Status indicator LED is flashing red and the camera is inaccessible
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
36
A firmware upgrade has been inter- See the Emergency Recovery Procedure above.
rupted or the firmware has otherwise
been damaged
No images displayed on web page
Problem with AMC.
(Internet Explorer only)
To enable the updating of video images in Microsoft Internet Explorer, set your browser to allow ActiveX controls.
Also, make sure that AXIS Media Control (AMC) component is installed on your workstation.
Installation of additional ActiveX
component restricted or prohibited
Configure your camera to use a Java applet for updating the video images under
Live View Config > Layout > Default Viewer for Internet Explorer. See the online help for more information.
Video/Image problems, general
Image too dark or too light
Missing images in uploads
Check the video image settings. See the online help on Video and Image Settings.
This can occur when trying to use a larger image buffer than is actually available. Try lowering the frame rate or
the upload period.
Slow image update
Poor performance
Configuring, e.g. pre-buffers, motion detection, high-resolution images, high frame rates, etc, will reduce the per-
formance of the camera.
Poor performance may be caused by e.g. heavy network traffic, multiple users accessing the unit, low performance
clients, use of features such as motion detection or event handling.
Poor quality snapshot images
Screen incorrectly configured on your In Display Properties, configure your screen to show at least 65000 colors, i.e. at least 16-bit. Using only 16 or 256
workstation
colors will produce dithering artifacts in the image.
Browser freezes
Netscape 7.x or Mozilla 1.4 (or later) Lower the image resolution.
can sometimes freeze on a slow com-
puter
Motion Detection triggers unexpectedly
Changes in luminance
Motion detection is based upon changes in luminance in the image. This means that if there are sudden changes in
the lighting, motion detection may be triggered mistakenly. Lower the sensitivity setting to avoid problems with
luminance.
For further assistance, please contact your reseller or see the support pages on the Axis Website at
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
37
Technical Specifications
Item
Specification
Models
AXIS 209FD: VGA
AXIS 209FD-R: VGA, with a rugged and IP67-rated RJ-45 connector
AXIS 209FD-R M12: VGA, with a rugged and IP67-rated M12 connector
Image sensor
Lens
1/4” Micron Progressive Scan RG B VGA CMOS
• 3.0mm, F2.0, fixed iris
• Focus range: 0.5m to infinity
Angle of view
• 66° horizontal
Camera angle
adjustment
• Tilt: 0-90°
• Pan: ±10°
• Rotation: ±10°
Illumination
1.5-10000 lux, F2.0
Video compression
• Motion JPEG
• MPEG-4 Part 2 (ISO/IEC 14496-2) with motion estimation
• Profiles: SP and ASP
Resolutions
• 9 resolutions from 640x480 to 160x120 via API, 6 selections via configuration web page
Up to 30 fps at all resolutions (Motion JPEG or MPEG-4)
Frame rate
Video streaming
• Simultaneous Motion JPEG and MPEG-4
• Controllable frame rate and bandwidth
• Constant and variable bit rate (MPEG-4)
Image settings
• Compression levels: 100
• Rotation: 0º, 180º
• Configurable color level, brightness, sharpness, white balance, exposure control
• Overlay capabilities: time, date, text, image or privacy mask
• Mirroring
Shutter time
Security
1/10000 s to 1/4 s
• Multiple user access levels with password protection
• IP address filtering
• HTTPS encryption
• Digest authentication
Users
• 20 simultaneous users
• Unlimited number of users using multicast (MPEG-4)
Alarm and event
management
• Image upload over FTP, email and HTTP
• Notification over TCP, email and HTTP
• 9 MB of pre- and post alarm buffer (approx 5 min of 320x240 resolution video at 4 fps)
(AXIS 209FD)
• Events triggered by video motion detection, or according to a schedule
(AXIS 209FD-R/AXIS 209FD-R M12)
• Events triggered by video motion detection, tampering alarm, or according to a schedule
Connectors
Casing
• (AXIS 209FD) Female RJ-45 for Ethernet 10BaseT/100BaseTX
• (AXIS 209FD-R) Rugged, female RJ-45 connector.
• (AXIS 209FD-R M12) Rugged, male M12 D-code connector.
• Polycarbonate base and polycarbonate transparent cover
• Tamper-proof mounting
(AXIS 209FD-R)
• IP66
Processors and
memory
• CPU, video processing and compression: ARTPEC-A
• RAM: 32 MB
• Flash memory: 8 MB
Power
Power over Ethernet IEEE 802.3af, Class 1
Operating conditions (AXIS 209FD)
• Temperature: 0 - 50 ºC (32-122 ºF)
• Humidity 20 - 80% RH (non-condensing)
(AXIS 209FD-R)
• Temperature: -20 – 50 ºC (-4 –122 ºF)
• Humidity 20 - 80% RH (non-condensing)
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
38
Item
Specification
Installation,
management and
maintenance
• AXIS Camera Management tool on CD and web-based configuration
• Configuration of backup and restore
Video access from
Web browser
• Camera live view
• Video recording to file (ASF)
Minimum web
browsing
requirements
• Pentium III CPU 500 MHz or higher or equivalent AMD
• 128 MB RAM
• DirectX 9 compatible graphics board, Direct Draw
• Windows XP, 2000, Internet Explorer 6.x or later
System integration
support
• Open API for application integration, including VAPIX(R) from Axis Communications*, AXIS Media Control SDK*,
event trigger data in video stream
• Quality of Service (QoS) Layer 3, DiffServ Model
• Embedded Linux operating system
Supported protocols
IPv4/v6, HTTP, HTTPS, SSL/TLS*, TCP, ICMP, QoS, SNMPv1/v2c/v3 (MIB-II), RTSP, RTP, UDP, IGMP, RTCP, SMTP, FTP,
DHCP, UPnP, Bonjour, ARP, DNS, DynDNS, SOCKS, NTP
* This product includes software developed by the Open SSL Project for use in the Open SSL Tool kit
(www.openssl.org)
Accessories(included) • Installation Guide, CD with installation tool, recording software and User’s Manual, licenses for 1 encoder and 1
decoder, decoder software for Windows
• Key for tamper-proof screws
(AXIS 209FD-R/AXIS 209FD-R M12)
• 1 Silica gel bag
(AXIS 209FD, AXIS 209FD-R)
• AXIS PoE Midspan 1-port (single packs only)
Video management
software
(not included)
AXIS Camera Station - Video management software for viewing, recording and archiving up to 25 cameras
• Multi-user decoder license pack
Accessories
(not included)
(AXIS 209FD-R)
• Woodhead connector
Approvals
• EN 55022 Class B
• EN 61000-3-2
• EN 61000-3-3
• EN 55024
• FCC Part 15, Subpart B, Class B
• ICES-003 Class B
• VCCI Class B
• C-tick AS/NZS CISPR 22
• MIC, Class B
• EN 60950-1
(AXIS 209FD-R)
• CE: Automotive environment
• EN 55025
• EN 50155: Vibrations, mechanical shock and temperature
• ISO16750-3: Vibration
• IP66
Dimensions (HxWxD) • 39 x 102 x 100 mm (1.5” x 4.0” x 3.9”)
& weight • Weight: 0.18kg (0.40lb)
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
39
General performance considerations
When setting up your system, it is important to consider how various settings and situations will affect
performance. Some factors affect the amount of bandwidth (the bit rate) required, others can affect the
frame rate, and some will affect both. If the load on the CPU reaches its maximum, this will also affect the
frame rate.
The following factors are among the most important to consider:
• High image resolutions and/or lower compression levels result in larger images. Bandwidth
affected.
• Access by large numbers of Motion JPEG and/or unicast MPEG-4 clients. Bandwidth affected.
• Simultaneous viewing of different streams (resolution, compression, etc.) by different clients.
Frame rate and bandwidth affected.
• Accessing both Motion JPEG and MPEG-4 video streams simultaneously. Frame rate and band-
width affected.
• Heavy usage of event settings affects the camera’s CPU load. Frame rate affected.
• Enabled motion detection. Frame rate and bandwidth affected.
• Heavy network utilization due to poor infrastructure. Bandwidth affected
• Viewing on poorly performing client PC’s lowers perceived performance. Frame rate affected.
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
40
Optimizing your system
To see the bandwidth and frame rate currently required by the video stream, the AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R
M12 provides a tool that can be used to display these values directly in the video image.
To do this, special format strings are added as part of a text overlay.
Simply add #r (average frame rate in fps) and/or #b (average
bandwidth in kbps) to the overlay.
For detailed instructions, please see the online help for Video &
Image > Text Overlay Settings, and the help for File Naming &
Date/Time Formats.
Important!
The figures displayed here are the values as delivered by the camera. If other restrictions are currently in force, (e.g. bandwidth
limitation) these values might not correspond to those actually received by the client.
•For Motion JPEG, these values will be accurate as long as no frame rate limit has been specified.
Bandwidth
As there are many factors that affect bandwidth, it is very difficult to predict the required amounts. The
settings that affect bandwidth are:
• image resolution
• image compression
• frame rate
• MPEG-4 GOV settings
• bit rate control settings
There are also factors in the monitored scene that will affect the bandwidth. These are:
• amount of motion
• image complexity
• lighting conditions
For MPEG-4, if there is only limited bandwidth available, and if this is more important than the image
quality, using a constant bit rate (CBR) is recommended. Use a variable bit rate (VBR) if the image quality
needs to be maintained at a higher level. If supported on the network, consider also using MPEG-4
multicasting, as the bandwidth consumption will be much lower.
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AXIS 209FD/FD-R/FD-R M12
41
resolutions 352x288 pixels (PAL) and 352x240 pixels (NTSC). See
also Resolution.
Glossary of Terms
Client/Server - Client/server describes the relationship between two
computer programs in which one program, the client, makes a service
request from another program, the server, which fulfils the request.
Typically, multiple client programs share the services of a common
server program. A web browser is a client program that requests
services (the sending of web pages or files) from a web server.
ActiveX - A standard that enables software components to interact
with one another in a networked environment, regardless of the
language(s) used to create them. Web browsers may come into
contact with ActiveX controls, ActiveX documents, and ActiveX
scripts. ActiveX controls are often downloaded and installed
automatically as required.
CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) - A CMOS is a
widely used type of semiconductor that uses both negative and
positive circuits. Since only one of the circuit types is on at any given
time, CMOS chips require less power than chips using just one type of
transistor. CMOS image sensors also allow processing circuits to be
included on the same chip, an advantage not possible with CCD
sensors, which are also much more expensive to produce.
AF (Auto focus) - A system by which the camera lens automatically
focuses on a selected part of the subject.
Angle - The field of view, relative to a standard lens in a 35mm still
camera, expressed in degrees, e.g. 30°. For practical purposes, this is
the area that a lens can cover, where the angle of view is determined
by the focal length of the lens. A wide-angle lens has a short focal
length and covers a wider angle of view than standard or telephoto
lenses, which have longer focal lengths.
Codec - In communications engineering, a codec is usually a
coder/decoder. Codecs are used in integrated circuits or chips that
convert e.g. analog video and audio signals into a digital format for
transmission. The codec also converts received digital signals back
into analog format. A codec uses analog-to-digital conversion and
digital-to-analog conversion in the same chip.
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) - This protocol is used to
associate an IP address to a hardware MAC address. A request is
broadcast on the local network to discover the MAC address for an IP
address.
ARTPEC (Axis Real Time Picture Encoder) - This chip is used for
image compression.
Codec can also mean compression/decompression, in which case it is
generally taken to mean an algorithm or computer program for
reducing the size of large files and programs.
ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) - A circuit designed
for a specific application, as opposed to a general purpose circuit,
such as a microprocessor.
Compression - See Image Compression.
Contrast - Defines the degree of difference between the lightest and
Aspect ratio - A ratio of width to height in images. A common aspect
ratio used for television screens and computer monitors is 4:3.
High-definition television (HDTV) uses an aspect ratio of 9:16.
darkest parts of an image or video stream.
DC-Iris - This special type of iris is electrically controlled by the
camera, to automatically regulate the amount of light allowed to
enter.
Autoiris (or DC-Iris) - This special type of iris is electrically
controlled by the camera, to automatically regulate the amount of
light allowed to enter.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - DHCP is a protocol
that lets network administrators automate and centrally manage the
assignment of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses to network devices in a
network.
AVI (Audio Video Interleave) - A video format that supports
simultaneous playback of audio and video.
Bitmap - A bitmap is a data file representing a rectangular grid of
pixels. It defines a display space and color for each pixel (or “bit”) in
the display space. This type of image is known as a “raster graphic.”
GIF's and JPEG's are examples of image file types that contain
bitmaps.
DHCP uses the concept of a “lease” or amount of time that a given IP
address will be valid for a computer. The lease time can vary,
depending on how long a user is likely to require the network
connection at a particular location.
DHCP also supports static addresses for e.g. computers running web
servers, which need a permanent IP address.
Because a bitmap uses this fixed raster method, it cannot easily be
rescaled without losing definition. Conversely, a vector graphic image
uses geometrical shapes to represent the image, and can thus be
quickly rescaled.
DNS (Domain Name System) - DNS is used to locate and translate
Internet domain names into IP (Internet Protocol) addresses. A
domain name is a meaningful and easy-to-remember name for an
much easier to remember than 192.0.34.166. The translation tables
for domain names are contained in Domain name servers.
Bit rate - The bit rate (in kbit/s or Mbit/s) is often referred to as
speed, but actually defines the number of bits/time unit and not
distance/time unit.
Bluetooth - Bluetooth is an open standard for wireless transmission
of voice and data between mobile devices (PCs, handheld computers,
telephones and printers).
Domain Server - Domains can also be used by organizations who
wish to centralize the management of their (Windows) computers.
Each user within a domain has an account that usually allows them
to log in to and use any computer in the domain, although
restrictions may also apply. The domain server is the server that
authenticates the users on the network.
Bonjour - Also known as zero-configuration networking, Bonjour
enables devices to automatically discover each other on a network,
without having to enter IP addresses or configure DNS servers.
Bonjour is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.
Duplex - See Full-duplex.
Broadband - In network engineering terms, this describes
transmission methods where two or more signals share the same
carrier. In more popular terminology, broadband is taken to mean
high-speed data transmission.
Ethernet - Ethernet is the most widely installed local area network
technology. An Ethernet LAN typically uses special grades of twisted
pair wires. The most commonly installed Ethernet systems are
10BASE-T and 100BASE-T10, which provide transmission speeds up
to 10 Mbps and 100 Mbps respectively.
CCD (Charged Coupled Device) - This light-sensitive image device
used in many digital cameras is a large integrated circuit that
contains hundreds of thousands of photo-sites (pixels) that convert
light energy into electronic signals. Its size is measured diagonally
and can be 1/4”, 1/3”, 1/2” or 2/3”.
ETRAX (Ethernet Token Ring AXIS) - Axis' own microprocessor.
Factory default settings - These are the settings that originally
applied for a device when it was first delivered from the factory. If it
should become necessary to reset a device to its factory default
settings, this will, for many devices, completely reset any settings that
were changed by the user.
CGI (Common Gateway Interface) - A specification for
communication between a web server and other (CGI) programs. For
example, a HTML page that contains a form might use a CGI program
to process the form data once it is submitted.
Firewall - A firewall works as a barrier between networks, e.g.
between a Local Area Network and the Internet. The firewall ensures
that only authorized users are allowed to access the one network from
CIF (Common Intermediate Format) - CIF refers to the analog video
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the other. A firewall can be software running on a computer, or it can
be a standalone hardware device.
formats are JPEG and GIF.
Interlacing - Interlaced video is video captured at 50 pictures (known
as fields) per second, of which every 2 consecutive fields (at half
height) are then combined into 1 frame. Interlacing was developed
many years ago for the analog TV world and is still used widely
today. It provides good results when viewing motion in standard TV
pictures, although there is always some degree of distortion in the
image.
Focal length - Measured in millimeters, the focal length of a camera
lens determines the width of the horizontal field of view, which in
turn is measured in degrees.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) - An application protocol that uses the
TCP/IP protocols. It is used to exchange files between
computers/devices on networks.
To view interlaced video on e.g. a computer monitor, the video must
first be de-interlaced, to produce progressive video, which consists of
complete images, one after the other, at 25 frames per second. See
also Progressive scan.
Frame - A frame is a complete video image. In the 2:1 interlaced
scanning format of the RS-170 and CCIR formats, a frame is made up
of two separate fields of 262.5 or 312.5 lines interlaced at 60 or 50 Hz
to form a complete frame, which appears at 30 or 25 Hz. In video
cameras with a progressive scan, each frame is scanned line-by-line
and not interlaced; most are also displayed at 30 and 25 Hz.
IP (Internet Protocol) - The Internet Protocol is a method
transmitting data over a network. Data to be sent is divided into
individual and completely independent “packets.” Each computer (or
host) on the Internet has at least one address that uniquely identifies
it from all others, and each data packet contains both the sender's
address and the receiver's address.
Frame rate - The frame rate used to describe the frequency at which
a video stream is updated is measured in frames per second (fps). A
higher frame rate is advantageous when there is movement in the
video stream, as it maintains image quality throughout.
The Internet Protocol ensures that the data packets all arrive at the
intended address. As IP is a connections protocol, which means that
there is no established connection between the communication
end-points, packets can be sent via different routes and do not need
to arrive at the destination in the correct order.
Full-duplex - Transmission of data in two directions simultaneously.
In an audio system this would describe e.g. a telephone systems.
Half-duplex also provides bi-directional communication, but only in
one direction at a time, as in a walkie-talkie system. See also Simplex.
Gain - Gain is the amplification factor and the extent to which an
analog amplifier boosts the strength of a signal. Amplification factors
are usually expressed in terms of power. The decibel (dB) is the most
common way of quantifying the gain of an amplifier.
Once the data packets have arrived at the correct destination, another
protocol - Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) - puts them in the
right order. See also TCP.
IP Address - An IP address is simply an address on an IP network
used by a computer/device connected to that network. IP addresses
allow all the connected computers/devices to find each other and to
pass data back and forth.
Gateway - A gateway is a point in a network that acts as an entry
point to another network. In a corporate network for example, a
computer server acting as a gateway often also acts as a proxy server
and a firewall server. A gateway is often associated with both a
router, which knows where to direct a given packet of data that
arrives at the gateway, and a switch, which furnishes the actual path
in and out of the gateway for a given packet.
To avoid conflicts, each IP address on any given network must be
unique. An IP address can be assigned as fixed, so that it does not
change, or it can be assigned dynamically (and automatically) by
DHCP.
GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) - GIF is one of the most common
file formats used for images in web pages. There are two versions of
the format, 87a and 89a. Version 89a supports animations, i.e. a short
sequence of images within a single GIF file. A GIF89a can also be
specified for interlaced presentation.
An IP address consists of four groups (or quads) of decimal digits
separated by periods, e.g. 130.5.5.25. Different parts of the address
represent different things. Some part will represent the network
number or address, and some other part will represent the local
machine address.
GOV (Group Of VOPs) - A group of VOP's is the basic unit of an
MPEG-4 video stream. The GOV contains different types and numbers
of VOP's (I-VOP's, P-VOP's, etc.) as determined by the GOV length
and GOV structure. See also VOP.
See also IP (Internet Protocol).
I-VOP - See VOP.
JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) - Together with the GIF
file format, JPEG is an image file type commonly used on the web. A
JPEG image is a bitmap, and usually has the file suffix '.jpg' or
“.jpeg.” When creating a JPEG image, it is possible to configure the
level of compression to use. As the lowest compression (i.e. the
highest quality) results in the largest file, there is a trade-off between
image quality and file size.
GOV length - The GOV length determines the number of images
(VOP's) in the GOV structure. See also GOV and VOP.
GOV structure - The GOV structure describes the composition of an
MPEG-4 video stream, as regards the type of images (I-VOP's or
P-VOP's) included in the stream, and their internal order. See also
GOV and VOP.
Half-duplex - See Full-duplex.
kbit/s (kilobits per second) - A measure of the bit rate, i.e. the rate at
which bits are passing a given point. See also Bit rate.
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) - HTML is the set of “markup”
symbols or codes inserted in a file intended for display in web
browser. The markup tells the browser how to display the page's
words and images for the user.
LAN (Local Area Network) - A LAN is a group of computers and
associated devices that typically share common resources within a
limited geographical area.
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) - HTTP is the set of rules for
exchanging files (text, graphic images, sound, video, and other
multimedia files) on the web. The HTTP protocol runs on top of the
TCP/IP suite of protocols.
Linux - Linux is an open source operating system within the Unix
family. Because of its robustness and availability, Linux has won
popularity in the open source community and among commercial
application developers.
Hub - A (network) hub is used to connect multiple devices to the
network. The hub transmits all data to all devices connected to it,
whereas a switch will only transmit the data to the device it is
specifically intended for.
MAC address (Media Access Control address) - A MAC address is a
unique identifier associated with a piece of networking equipment, or
more specifically, its interface with the network. For example, the
network card in a computer has its own MAC address.
IEEE 802.11 - A family of standards for wireless LANs. The 802.11
standard supports 1 or 2 Mbit/s transmission on the 2.4 GHz band.
IEEE 802.11b specifies an 11 Mbit/s data rate on the 2.4 GHz band,
while 802.11a allows up to 54 Mbit/s on the 5 GHz band.
Manual iris - This is the opposite to an autoiris, i.e. the camera iris
must be adjusted manually to regulate the amount of light allowed to
reach the image sensor.
Mbit/s (Megabits per second) - A measure of the bit rate, i.e. the rate
at which bits are passing a given point. Commonly used to give the
“speed” of a network. A LAN might run at 10 or 100 Mbit/s. See also
Image compression - Image compression minimizes the file size (in
bytes) of an image. Two of the most common compressed image
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Bit rate.
expensive to power the device from a power outlet.
Monitor - A monitor is very similar to a standard television set, but
lacks the electronics to pick up regular television signals.
PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) - A protocol that uses a serial
interface for communication between two network devices. For
example, a PC connected by a phone line to a server.
Motion JPEG - Motion JPEG is a simple compression/decompression
technique for networked video. Latency is low and image quality is
guaranteed, regardless of movement or complexity of the image.
Image quality is controlled by adjusting the compression level, which
in turn provides control over the file size, and thereby the bit rate.
PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunnelling Protocol) - A protocol (set of
communication rules) that allows corporations to extend their own
corporate network through private “tunnels” over the public Internet.
In this way a corporation can effectively use a WAN (Wide Area
Network) as a large single LAN (Local Area Network). This kind of
interconnection is known as a virtual private network (VPN).
High-quality individual images from the Motion JPEG stream are
easily extracted. See also JPEG.
Pre/post alarm images - The images from immediately before and
after an alarm. These images are stored in a buffer for later retrieval.
Megapixel - See Pixel.
MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group) - The Moving Picture
Experts Group develops standards for digital video and audio
compression. It operates under the auspices of the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO). The MPEG standards are an
evolving series, each designed for a different purpose.
Progressive scan - Progressive scan, as opposed to interlaced video,
scans the entire picture, line by line every sixteenth of a second. In
other words, captured images are not split into separate fields as in
interlaced scanning.
Computer monitors do not need interlace to show the picture on the
screen, but instead show them progressively, on one line at a time in
perfect order, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 etc., so there is virtually no
“flickering” effect. In a surveillance application, this can be critical
when viewing detail within a moving image, such as a person
running. A high-quality monitor is required to get the best from
progressive scan. See also Interlacing.
MPEG-2 - MPEG-2 is the designation for a group of audio and video
coding standards, and is typically used to encode audio and video for
broadcast signals, including digital satellite and Cable TV. MPEG-2,
with some modifications, is also the coding format used by standard
commercial DVD movies.
MPEG-4 - MPEG-4 is a group of audio and video coding standards
and related technology. The primary uses for the MPEG-4 standard
are web (streaming media) and CD distribution, conversational
(videophone), and broadcast television.
Protocol - A special set of rules governing how two entities will
communicate. Protocols are found at many levels of communication,
and there are hardware protocols and software protocols.
Most of the features included in MPEG-4 are left to individual
developers to decide whether to implement them or not. This means
that there are probably no complete implementations of the entire
MPEG-4 set of standards. To deal with this, the standard includes the
concept of “profiles” and “levels”, allowing a specific set of
capabilities to be defined in a manner appropriate for a subset of
applications.
Proxy server - In an organization that uses the Internet, a proxy
server acts as an intermediary between a workstation user and the
Internet. This provides security, administrative control, and a caching
service. Any proxy server associated with a gateway server, or part of
a gateway server, effectively separates the organization’s network
from the outside network and the local firewall. It is the firewall
server that protects the network against outside intrusion.
Multicast - Bandwidth-conserving technology that reduces
bandwidth usage by simultaneously delivering a single stream of
information to multiple network recipients.
A proxy server receives requests for Internet services (such as web
page requests) from many users. If the proxy server is also a cache
server, it looks in its local cache of previously downloaded web pages.
If it finds the page, it is returned to the user without forwarding the
request to the Internet. If the page is not in the cache, the proxy
server, acting as a client on behalf of the user, uses one of its own IP
addresses to request the page from another server over the Internet.
When the requested page is returned, the proxy server forwards it to
the user that originally requested it.
Multiplexer - A multiplexer is a high-speed switch that provides
full-screen images from up to 16 analog cameras. Multiplexers can
playback everything that happened on any one camera with no
interference from the other cameras on the system.
Network connectivity - The physical (wired or wireless) and logical
(protocol) connection of a computer network or an individual device
to a network, such as the Internet or a LAN.
P-VOP - See VOP.
NTSC (National Television System Committee) - NTSC is the
television and video standard in the United States. NTSC delivers 525
lines at 60 half-frames/second.
Resolution - Image resolution is a measure of how much detail a
digital image can hold: the greater the resolution, the greater the level
of detail. Resolution can be specified as the number of pixel-columns
(width) by the number of pixel-rows (height), e.g. 320x240.
OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) - This is a designation for
companies that manufacture equipment which is then marketed and
sold to other companies under their own names.
Alternatively, the total number of pixels (usually in megapixels) in
the image can be used. In analog systems it is also common to use
other format designations, such as CIF, QCIF, 4CIF, etc.
PAL (Phase Alternating Line) - PAL is the dominant television
standard in Europe. PAL delivers 625 lines at 50 half-frames/second.
RTCP (Real-Time Control Protocol) - RTCP provides support for
real-time conferencing of groups of any size within an intranet. This
support includes source identification and support for gateways like
audio and video bridges as well as multicast-to-unicast translators.
PEM (Privacy Enhanced Mail) - An early standard for securing
electronic mail. The PEM-format is often used for representing an
HTTPS certificate or certificate request.
RTCP offers quality-of-service feedback from receivers to the
multicast group as well as support for the synchronization of
different media streams.
Ping - Ping is a basic network program used diagnostically to check
the status of a network host or device. Ping can be used to see if a
particular network address (IP address or host name) is occupied or
not, or if the host at that address is responding normally. Ping can be
run from e.g. the Windows Command prompt or the command line in
Unix.
RTP (Real-Time Transport Protocol) - RTP is an Internet protocol for
the transport of real-time data, e.g. audio and video. It can be used
for media-on-demand as well as interactive services such as Internet
telephony.
Pixel - A pixel is one of the many tiny dots that make up a digital
image. The color and intensity of each pixel represents a tiny area of
the complete image.
RTSP (Real Time Streaming Protocol) - RTSP is a control protocol,
and a starting point for negotiating transports such as RTP, multicast
and Unicast, and for negotiating codecs.
PoE (Power over Ethernet) - Power over Ethernet provides power to
a network device via the same cable as used for the network
connection. This is very useful for IP-Surveillance and remote
monitoring applications in places where it may be too impractical or
RTSP can be considered a “remote control” for controlling the media
stream delivered by a media server. RTSP servers typically use RTP as
the protocol for the actual transport of audio/video data.
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Router - A device that determines the next network point to which a
packet should be forwarded on its way to its final destination. A
router creates and/or maintains a special routing table that stores
information on how best to reach certain destinations. A router is
sometimes included as part of a network switch. See also switch.
TCP is a connection-oriented protocol, which means that a
connection is established between the two end-points and is
maintained until the data has been successfully exchanged between
the communicating applications.
Telnet - Telnet is a simple method with which to access another
network device, e.g. a computer. The HTTP protocol and the FTP
protocols allow you to request specific files from remote computers,
but do not allow you logon as a user of that computer. With Telnet,
you log on as a regular user with whatever privileges you may have
been granted for specific applications and data residing on that
computer.
Server - In general, a server is a computer program that provides
services to other computer programs in the same or other computers.
A computer running a server program is also frequently referred to as
a server. In practice, the server may contain any number of server and
client programs. A web server is the computer program that supplies
the requested HTML pages or files to the client (browser).
Sharpness - This is the control of fine detail within a picture. This
feature was originally introduced into color TV sets that used notch
filter decoders. This filter took away all high frequency detail in the
black and white region of the picture. The sharpness control
attempted to put some of that detail back in the picture. Sharpness
controls are mostly superfluous in today's high-end TVs. The only
logical requirement for it nowadays is on a VHS machine.
TVL (TV Lines) - A method of defining resolutions in analog video.
UDP (User Datagram Protocol) - UDP is a communications protocol
that offers limited service for exchanging data in a network that uses
the Internet Protocol (IP). UDP is an alternative to the Transmission
Control Protocol (TCP). The advantage of UDP is that it is not required
to deliver all data and may drop network packets when there is e.g.
network congestion. This is suitable for live video, as there is no point
in re-transmitting old information that will not be displayed anyway.
Simplex - In simplex operation, a network cable or communications
channel can only send information in one direction.
Unicast - Communication between a single sender and a single
receiver over a network. A new connection is established for each
new user.
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) - SMTP is used for sending
and receiving e-mail. However, as it is “simple,” it is limited in its
ability to queue messages at the receiving end, and is usually used
with one of two other protocols, POP3 or IMAP. These other protocols
allow the user to save messages in a server mailbox and download
them periodically from the server.
URL (Uniform Resource Locator) - An “address” on the network.
USB - (Universal Serial Bus) A plug-and-play interface between a
computer and peripheral devices, e.g. scanners, printers, etc.
Varifocal lens - A varifocal lens provides a wide range of focal
lengths, as opposed to a lens with a fixed focal length, which only
provides one.
SMTP authentication is an extension of SMTP, whereby the client is
required to log into the mail server before or during the sending of
mail. It can be used to allow legitimate users to send email while
denying the service to unauthorized users, such as spammers.
VPN (Virtual Private Network) - This creates a secure “tunnel”
between the points within the VPN. Only devices with the correct
“key” will be able to work within the VPN. The VPN network can be
within a company LAN (Local Area Network), but different sites can
also be connected over the Internet in a secure way. One common use
for VPN is for connecting a remote computer to the corporate
network, via e.g. a direct phone line or via the Internet.
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) - SNMP forms part
of the Internet Protocol suite, as defined by the Internet Engineering
Task Force. The protocol can support monitoring of network-attached
devices for any conditions that warrant administrative attention.
Sockets - Sockets are a method for communication between a client
program and a server program over a network. A socket is defined as
“the endpoint in a connection.” Sockets are created and used with a
set of programming requests or “function calls” sometimes called the
sockets application programming interface (API).
VOP (Video Object Plane) - A VOP is an image frame in an MPEG-4
video stream. There are several types of VOP:
- An I-VOP is complete image frame.
SSL/TSL (Secure Socket Layer/Transport Layer Security)
- A P-VOP codes the differences between images, as long as it is more
efficient to do so. Otherwise it codes the whole image, which may also
be a completely new image.
These two protocols (SSL is succeeded by TSL) are cryptographic
protocols that provide secure communication on a network. SSL is
commonly used over HTTP to form HTTPS, as used e.g. on the
Internet for electronic financial transactions. SSL uses public key
certificates to verify the identity of the server.
WAN (Wide-Area-Network) - Similar to a LAN, but on a larger
geographical scale.
W-LAN (Wireless LAN) - A wireless LAN is a wireless local area
network that uses radio waves as its carrier: where the network
connections for end-users are wireless. The main network structure
usually uses cables.
Subnet/subnet mask - A subnet is an identifiably separate part of an
organization's network. Typically, a subnet may represent all the
machines at one geographic location, in one building, or on the same
local area network (LAN). Having an organization's network divided
into subnets allows it to be connected to the Internet with a single
shared network address.
Web server - A Web server is a program, which allows Web
browsers to retrieve files from computers connected to the Internet.
The Web server listens for requests from Web browsers and upon
receiving a request for a file sends it back to the browser.
The subnet mask is the part of the IP address that tells a network
router how to find the subnet that the data packet should be delivered
to. Using a subnet mask saves the router having to handle the entire
32-bit IP address; it simply looks at the bits selected by the mask.
The primary function of a Web server is to serve pages to other
remote computers; consequently, it needs to be installed on a
computer that is permanently connected to the Internet. It also
controls access to the server whilst monitoring and logging server
access statistics.
Switch - A switch is a network device that connects network
segments together, and which selects a path for sending a unit of data
to its next destination. In general, a switch is a simpler and faster
mechanism than a router, which requires knowledge about the
network and how to determine the route. Some switches include the
router function. See also Router.
WEP (Wireless Equivalent Privacy) - A wireless security protocol,
specified in the IEEE 802.11 standard, which is designed to provide a
wireless local area network (WLAN) with a level of security and
privacy comparable to that usually expected of a wired LAN. Security
is at two different levels; 40-bit and 128-bit encryption. The higher
the bit number, the more secure the encryption.
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) - TCP is used along with the
Internet Protocol (IP) to transmit data as packets between computers
over the network. While IP takes care of the actual packet delivery,
TCP keeps track of the individual packets that the communication
(e.g. requested a web page file) is divided into, and, when all packets
have arrived at their destination, it reassembles them to re-form the
complete file.
WINS (Windows Internet Naming Service) - Part of the Microsoft
Windows NT Server, WINS manages the association of workstation
names and locations with IP addresses, without the user or
administrator having to be involved in each configuration change.
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WPA-PSK (Wi-Fi Protected Access - Pre-Shared Key) - This
wireless encryption method uses a pre-shared key (PSK) for key
management. Keys can usually be entered as manual hex values, as
hexadecimal characters, or as a Passphrase. WPA-PSK provides a
greater degree of security than WEP.
Zoom lens - A zoom lens can be moved (zoomed) to enlarge the view
of an object to show more detail.
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Live View 8, 12
Live View Config 17
Index
M
A
Maintenance 30
Action Buttons 17
Administrator 12
Alarm 23
Manual Trigger Button 18
Motion Detection 23
MPEG-4 Settings 15
AMC Viewer Toolbar 8
ARP/Ping 27
N
NAT traversal 8, 28
Network Settings 26
Notification of IP address change 27
NTP Server 26
B
Backup 30
Bit Rate 15, 16
Bonjour 7, 30
Buffer Size 21
Buffers 21
P
Post-trigger Buffer 21
Pre-trigger Buffer 21
C
Camera Tampering 22
Configuration 12
Q
QoS 29
D
R
Date & Time 26
Default Viewer 17
DNS Configuration 27
DNS Server 27
Domain Name 27
Referrals 25
Restore 30
S
Scheduled Event 21
Security 25
Server Time 26
Services 26
Snapshot Button 18
Snapshot button 8
SNMP 30
E
Emergency Recovery 33
Enable ARP/Ping 27
Event Servers 20
Events 20
F
Support 31
System Options 25
Factory Default Settings 31
Frame Rate 14
FTP Server 20
T
TCP Server 20
TCP/IP Settings 26
Time Mode 26
Troubleshooting 33
G
GOV Settings 16
H
Host Name 27
HTTP Server 20
HTTPS 25
U
Upgrade Server 30
UPnP 27, 30
Users 25
I
Include Windows 23
IP Address Filtering 25
V
Video Stream 14
L
LED Settings 30
Lighting Conditions 15
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