®
Transcend Management Softw are
®
ATM and VLAN Management
User Guide
Version 4.2.2 for UNIX®
http://w w w .3com.com/
Part No. 09-09-1046-002
December 1997
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CONTENTS
ABOUT THIS GUIDE
How to Use This Guide
Conventions 10
9
Equipment Conventions 11
The ATMvLAN Toolbar 1 - 21
1 - 23
ATM and VLAN Management Assistants 1 - 48
Configuration Assistants 1 - 48
MANAGER
NMSetup 2 -1
Configuring SNMP SmartAgents on Devices 2 -2
Configuring SNMP SmartAgents and Parameters 2 -3
Setting Up for Distributed Polling 2 -4
iii
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CoreBuilder 7000 ATM Switch Configuration 2 -7
Setting Up and Customizing the ATM and VLAN Management
Customizing the Application Configuration Files 2 -12
Device Discovery 2 -15
Re-discovering Devices 2 -15
Using the ATM and VLAN Assistants 3 -16
Graph Assistants 3 -17
Path Assistants 3 -17
LE Path Assistant 3 -17
LECS Priority List Setup 4 -7
LECS Database Creation and Synchronization 4 -8
Enabling Automatic LANE Redundancy 4 -8
Quick LANE Redundancy Mode 4 -8
LANE Redundancy Planning and Setup Guidelines 4 -9
iv
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Configuring and Using the MACvDB 4 -29
Configuring and Modifying the Subnet vDB 4 -33
Configuring AutoSelect VLANs on Ethernet and FastEthernet based
Configuring and Modifying the VLAN Server Member Table 4 -38
Components 4 -40
Configuring PVCs 4 -57
Virtual Channels Across NNI and UNI Interfaces 4 -59
Local VLANs and VLAN Move 5 -10
Performing Policy-based VLAN Moves 5 -12
Enabling and Disabling Ports 5 -13
Manual LECS Database Modification 5 -14
Device Level Troubleshooting 6 -2
LANE Level Troubleshooting 6 -3
ATM Network Level Troubleshooting 6 -4
Virtual LANs Level Troubleshooting 6 -4
Identifying VLAN Splits 6 -5
v
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Path Assistants for Identifying Connectivity and Performance Problems 6 -6
LE Path Assistant 6 -6
Tracing a VC Path Between Two ATM End Nodes 6 -7
Tracing the LAN Emulation Control VCCs Between Two LANE Clients
-7
6
LANE Component Statistics 7 -16
LEC 7 -18
LANE User 7 -20
B - 2
Set Operation Failed B - 2
Slow System Startup B - 2
Slow System Startup B - 3
System Messages B - 3
vi
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ATM Switching C - 3
Virtual LAN Basics C - 6
Protocol-based vLANS C - 12
Protocol Suite C - 12
GLOSSARY
INDEX
vii
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viii
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ABOUT THIS GUIDE
This guide describes how to use the Transcend ATM and VLAN Network
Management application.
Introduction
The ATM and VLAN Management Guide describes the features and
functionalities that are implemented using the ATM and VLAN
Management Tools.
Audience
Description
This guide is intended for the Network Administrator who is responsible
for configuring, using and managing ATM and Virtual LANs in a network
that may include a wide range of 3COM equipment as well as equipment
from other manufacturers. It assumes a working knowledge of ATM
Networks and a familiarity with HP OpenView, NNM, Netview or Sunnet
for UNIX.
If the information in the Release Notes shipped with your product differs
from the information in this guide, follow the Release Notes.
How to Use
This Guide
The ATM and VLAN Management User Guide guide is divided into two
parts. Part 1 contains an overview of the application and its
features.General network management principles that apply to the
described.
Part 2 contains procedural information and describes all the network
management tasks in the ATM and VLAN Management application
Table 1 shows where to find specific information.
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10
ABOUT THIS GUIDE
Table 1 Organization of the ATM and VLAN Management User Guide
If you are looking for:
Turn to:
A comprehensive description of the basic
components and concepts of the ATM and VLAN
Management application
Part 1- Chapter 1
How to configure and launch the ATM and VLAN
Manager
Part 1 - Chapter 2
Part 1 - Chapter 3
How to use the ATM and VLAN Management
Interface
How to perform network configuration tasks
How to perform network modification tasks
How to perform network troubleshooting tasks
How to perform network measurement tasks
Part 2- Chapter 4
Part 2- Chapter 5
Part 2 - Chapter 6
Part 2- Chapter 7
Appendix A
Commonly encountered system problems
ATM and VLAN Management Basics
Appendix B
Appendix C
Conventions
Table 2 and Table 3 list conventions that are used throughout this guide.
Table 2 Notice Icons
Icon
Notice Type
Alerts you to...
Information note
Important features or instructions
Caution
Warning
Risk of personal safety, system damage, or loss
of data
Risk of severe personal injury
Table 3 Text Conventions
Convention
Description
Syntax
The word “syntax” means you must evaluate the syntax
provided and supply the appropriate values. Placeholders for
values you must supply appear in angle brackets. Example:
Enable RIPIP by using the following syntax:
SETDefault!<port> -RIPIP CONTrol = Listen
In this example, you must supply a port number for <port>.
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Equipment Conventions
11
Table 3 Text Conventions (continued)
Convention
Description
Commands
The word “command” means you must enter the command
exactly as shown in text and press the Return or Enter key.
Example:
To remove the IP address, enter the following command:
SETDefault!0 -IP NETaddr = 0.0.0.0
Note: This guide always gives the full form of a command in
uppercase and lowercase letters. However, you can
abbreviate commands by entering only the uppercase letters
and the appropriate value. Commands are not case-sensitive.
Screen displays This typeface represents information as it appears on the
screen.
The words “enter”
and “type”
When you see the word “enter” in this guide, you must type
something, and then press the Return or Enter key. Do not
press the Return or Enter key when an instruction simply says
“type.”
[Key] names
Key names appear in text in one of two ways:
■
Referred to by their labels, such as “the Return key” or
“the Escape key”
■
Written with brackets, such as [Return] or [Esc].
If you must press two or more keys simultaneously, the key
names are linked with a plus sign (+). Example:
Press [Ctrl]+[Alt]+[Del].
Menu commands
and buttons
Menu commands or button names appear in italics. Example:
From the Help menu, select Contents
Italics emphasize a point or denote new terms at the place
where they are defined in the text. (continued)
Words in italicized
type
Words in bold-face Bold text denotes key features.
type
Equipment
Conventions
In this guide the term “Edge device” refers to any of the following:
SuperStack II Switch 2700, 7200/7400 ATM/Ethernet Interface Card,
7600 Fast Ethernet Interface Card, Super Stack II Switch
1000/3000,NetBuilder II, CoreBuilder 4000,Super Stack II Switch 2000,
CoreBuilder 2500/6000 and CoreBuilder 5000 Switch Module and the
term “ATM Switch” refers to the CoreBuilder 7000 ATM Switch.
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12
ABOUT THIS GUIDE
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GETTING STARTED WITH THE
ATM AND VLAN MANAGER
I
Chapter 1 ATM and VLAN Management Overview
Chapter 2 Configuring and Launching the ATM and VLAN Manager
Chapter 3 Using the ATM and VLAN Management Application
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-14
CHAPTER :
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ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT
OVERVIEW
1
■
■
■
■
What is ATM and VLAN Management?
ATM and VLAN Management Maps
ATM and VLAN Management Tools
ATM and VLAN Management Assistants
What is ATM and
VLAN
Management?
The Transcend ATM and VLAN Management application is a network
management software product used for managing switched virtual
networks and ATM infrastructures. With this application, you can
configure, controll and monitor location-independent virtual workgroups
that are created using different technologies based on ATM, Ethernet,
Fast Ethernet and FDDI.
The ATM and VLAN Management application manages virtual LANs on all
3Coms ATM and non-ATM switches.You can create virtual LANs with
either ATM-based (LAN Emulation) or non ATM-based
(Encapsulation/Tagging) methods.
The ATM and VLAN Management application allows you to view and
manage the network at various layers of logical and physical layers.
Specialized interrelated components are used to manage each abstracted
layer. This application provides the network manager with a global view
of the status, configuration, performance, and utilization of the ATM
infrastructure, LAN Emulation services, and network virtual LANs.
ATM and VLAN The ATM and VLAN Management application is composed of the
Management following product components:
Components
■
Maps
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1-2
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
■
■
Tools
Assistants or Wizards
These components are network models that represent network
information, based on the physical and logical structure of the network.
The maps represent the network model and status information. Different
maps are available for the different logical and physical views.
The tools perform various network management tasks and functions.
The ATM and VLAN Management tools can be launched from the
application or from within a web browser tool (locally or from a remote
location). If you launch the tools from within a web browser, only the
tasks that do not require any additional configuration assistants can be
performed. VLAN moves are allowed from the web interface.
The Assistants or Wizards configure and perform specific actions on the
network devices in the management maps. ATM and VLAN Management
Assistants are launched from maps or tools.
Supported platforms The ATM and VLAN Management application runs on all platforms
supported by OpneView Windows (OVW), NetView, and SunNet
Manager.
You must upgrade Netscape to version 4.03 with JDK1.1 support.
Upgrading to Netscape version 4.03 is insufficient to run the web-based
ATM VLAN software. You must have the JDK 1.1 support for the software
to run properly.
You can dowload JDK software from the JAVA site currently at the
following address:
http://developer.netscape.com/software/index.html?co
ntent=jdk/download.html
The ATM and VLAN Management application is identical for all platform
environments. You can perform network management operations and
functions from any workstation.
Functions of ATM and
The ATM and VLAN Management application provides the following
VLAN Management functions:
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What is ATM and VLAN Management?
1-3
■
■
Automatic discovery of switched network topology (physical and
logical)
Continuous state and status monitoring of relevant logical and
physical components with a scalable distributed polling engine.
■
■
■
End-to-end ATM virtual circuit tracing and graphical display
Configuration of PVCs (Permanent Virtual Channels)
Switch and link-level performance measurement with a network-wide
bandwidth monitoring and utilization monitoring tool
■
Provides the network operator with distributed network management
and distributed viewing capabilities
Virtual LAN management capabilities include:
■
■
Policy-based VLAN auto-configuration support
Common user interface to manage VLANs across all 3Com
VLAN-supported products
■
Management of ATM-based VLANs (LAN emulation) and
non-ATM-based VLANs (VLAN tagging, protocol-based)
■
■
■
Automatic discovery and logical segmentation of VLANs
Color-coded, device-level mapping of physical infrastructure to VLANs
VLAN moves with a simple drag-and-drop operation
Local Area Network Emualtion management capabilities include:
■
■
■
Automatic discovery and display of the LANE service infrastructure
along with the ATM physical network structure
Mapping of LANE client-server relationships and association ofproxy
LAN Emulation Client (LEC) ports
Virtual circuit tracing between LANE elements and mapping of
physical paths over the ATM infrastructure
■
■
■
Graphic display of LEC and LES/BUS performance statistics
LECS database synchronization management
LANE service redundancy management and automatic failover
mechanism, isolation of LANE service faults and correlation of affected
devices and segments.
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1-4
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
ATM and VLAN
Management Maps
The ATM and VLAN Management application includes the following
maps:
■
■
■
■
■
■
ATM Device Manager map
ATM Network map
LAN Emulation map
Virtual LAN map
VLAN Policy map
Gigabit Network map
ATM Device Manager The ATM Device Manager map (see Figure 1-1), shows the physical
Map topology of the entire switched infrastructure in a single flat topology
map. The ATM Device Manager map provides the quickest access to all
ATM devices on the network. You also can select the devices graphic
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ATM and VLAN Management Maps 1-5
display to show the topology layout using the NMSetup tool. See
Figure 1-35 for a description on setting the devices map layout.
Figure 1-1 ATM Device Manager Map
You can display a device-oriented view including device front panels,
device statistics and device parameters using the ATM Device Manager
menus and submaps.
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1-6
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
Figure 1-2 shows an example of the graph and statistics of a CoreBuilder
device. For example, to access teh device statistics window, select the
device in the ATMvLAN Devices window and then from the ATMvLAN
menu select Graph Assistant.
Figure 1-2 ATM Switch Graph Assistant Window
Figure 1-3 shows the hierarchy in the Topology Browser. To access the
ATM Devices map, double click on the ATMvLAN Devices branch or select
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ATM and VLAN Management Maps 1-7
the branch and then select the Zoom icon. See page 1-27 for a
description of the Zoom icon.
Zoom icon
Cross Reference icon
Component View
Topology View
Zoom icon
Figure 1-3 Access to the ATM Devices Map through the Topology Browser
To display the selected device in the Topology View, select the device in
the Component View and then select the Cross Reference icon.
ATM Netw ork Map The ATM Network map (see Figure 1-4) allows you to perform
management tasks on different ATM devices,depending on their physical
connectivity. The ATM Network window displays a hierarchical switching
backbone of the network. Each icon represents a switching domain, such
as a central high-speed CoreBuilder ATM switch module that is connected
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1-8
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
to various ATM devices, such as a SuperStack II switch 2700 and other
CoreBuilder modules. The lines connecting the ATM switching domains
indicate the P-NNI (Private Network to Network Interface) links between
them.
The ATM Network Map provides:
■
Displayof the connectivity between ATM switches (CoreBuilder 7000)
and ATM edge devices and end stations (SuperStack II Switch
2700/1000/3000, CoreBuilder 2500, CoreBuilder 5000, NETBuilder,
ATM adapter)
■
■
Identification of port numbers on the links between switches
Statistics on traffic to and from different devices and through specific
device ports
■
■
Tracing and modification of virtual circuits between devices
Selection of ATM end points to perform ATM path tracing
Figure 1-4 ATM Network Map Main Display
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1-10
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
Figure 1-6 shows the hierarchy in the Topology Browser from which you
can access the ATM Network map.
Figure 1-6 Access to the ATM Network Map through the Topology Browser
To display a selected switch in the Topology Browser, select a switch in the
Component View and then select the Cross Reference icon.
LAN Emulation Map
The LAN Emulation map (see Figure 1-7), allows you to perform network
management tasks on the LAN Emulation clients and servers.
The LAN Emulation provides:
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ATM and VLAN Management Maps 1-11
■
■
■
■
■
ATM device display in the LAN emulation process
Display of the LECS, LES,and LEC port connectivity
Isolation of LEC, LES, and LECS faults
Mapping of ELANs to VLAN ports display
Monitoring of LANE services performance
Figure 1-7 LAN Emulation Map Main Display
Figure 1-8 shows the Backbone and Services window which is an
example of a submap of the LAN Emulation window. This window
displays different emulated LANs, each with the LECs connected to the
central LES. The window also shows the active and or enabled LECSs.
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ATM and VLAN Management Maps 1-13
Figure 1-9 displays the hierarchy in the Topology Tool from which you can
access the LAN Emulation Map.
Figure 1-9 Access to the LAN Emulation Map using the Topology Tool
Component View
To display a LAN Emulation component in the Topology View, highlight
the component in the Component View and then select the Cross
Reference icon.
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1-14
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
Virtual LANs Map
The Virtual LANs Map (see Figure 1-10), is used to manage the logical
connectivity of the end-user through the Virtual LANs. The Virtual LANs
maps provide views of the connectivity between Ethernet/ATM ports to
the different VLANs. You use the Virtual LANs Map to manage ATM LAN
Emulation-based as well as legacy LAN encapsulated or tagged-based
VLANs.
The features of the Virtual LANs Map include:
■
■
■
Re-configuration of VLANs
Moving segments between VLANs, using simple mouse actions
Clarification of VLANs to physical ports mapping
Figure 1-10 The Virtual LANs Map Main Display
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1-16
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
Figure 1-12 shows the hierarchy in the Topology Tool from which you can
access the Virtual LANs Map.
Figure 1-12 Access to the Virtual LANs Map using the Topology Tool
Component View
To display components of the Virtual LANs map in the Topology View,
select the component in the Component View and then select the Cross
Reference icon.
ATM VLAN Policies The ATM VLAN Policies Map (see Figure 1-13), is used for automating the
Map event of the logical connectivity of end-users or segments through Virtual
LANs, based on predefined policies. The maps displays the various
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ATM and VLAN Management Maps 1-17
pre-defined policies that may be applied to network devices. The devices
that have policies applied are contained in the policy icon.
Note: The VLAN Policies may be used only with CoreBuilder 7000, Super
Stack II Switch 1000/3000//2700 with ATM downlinks.
Figure 1-13 The ATMvLAN Policies Map
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1-18
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
Figure 1-14 shows the hierarchy in the Topology Tool from which you can
access the VLAN Policies Map.
Figure 1-14 Access to the ATMvLAN Policies Map using the Topology Tool
To display a component of the Policies Map in the Topology View, select
the component in the Component View and then select the Cross
Reference icon.
ATM and VLAN The ATM and VLAN Gigabit Network Map shows the layer 2 topology of
Gigabit Netw ork Map
Ethernet/Fast Eternity-based and in the future, Gigabit Ethernet-based
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1-20
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
Figure 1-16 shows the hierarchy in the Topology Tool from which you can
access the ATM and VLAN Gigabit Network Map.
Figure 1-16 Access to the ATM and VLAN Gigabit Network Map using the
Topology Tool
To display a component of the Gigabit Ethernet Map in the Topology
View, select the component in the Component View and then select the
Cross Reference icon.
ATM and VLAN
Management Tools
The ATM and VLAN Application Toolbar, see page 1-21, includes the
Transcend Topology Browser. You access the Transcend Topology Borwser
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-21
using the Topology icon. The Transcend Topology Browser can be used to
perform all the network management tasks that are performed using the
ATM and VLAN Management Maps and their assistants. The rest of the
application tools are used for displaying graphs and statistics and to
locate parameters and other information on your network.
The Topology, Locator, Bandwidth, Report, and Fast Setup tools are
accessible via a web browser. You can access the ATM and VLAN
Management Tools from any station with a web browser, independent of
the network management platform.
To access the ATM and VLAN management tools:
Open a web browser.
Enter the URL:
http://machine_ip_address/:7689/WebBase
The ATMvLAN The ATM and VLAN Manager Application Toolbar consists of the
Toolbar following tools:
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
Topology
Bandwidth
Report
Locator
Users
Profile
Tasks
Fast Setup
NMSetup
To invoke an option in the ATMvLAN Application Toolbar, click on one of
the icons.
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1-22
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
The ATMvLAN
Application Toolbar.
Icon Display
Icon Name
Description
Opens the Transcend Topology Browser.
The Topology Tool consists of the
Component View and Topology View. You
can perform most network management
on page 1-23.
Topology
Bandwidth
Opens the NNIx Browser and NNIx
view traffic patterns on the network. See
“Bandwidth Tool” on page 1-28.
Report
Locator
Users
information about the NNI traffic in tabular
format. See “Report Tool” on page 1-29.
search and locate the ATMvLAN databases.
See “Locator Tool” on page 1-30.
entire user’s database. See “Users Tool” on
page 1-31.
Profile
inventory of devices and VLANs on the
network. See “Profile Tool” on page 1-33.
Tasks
current tasks on the network. See “Tasks
Tool” on page 1-36.
FSetup
Opens the Fast Setup Wizard for the
CoreBuilder 7000. See “FSetup Tool” on
page 1-36.
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-23
Icon Display
Icon Name
Description
Opens the NMS Fast Setup Wizard to setup
and configure the NMS platform. See
“NMS Setup” on page 1-43.
NMSetup
Figure 1-17 The ATMvLAN Toolbar
Topology Tool
The Transcend Topology Browser, formerly called the Wizard Tool is
available as a part of the TEM 4.2.2 Unix release.
The Topology Tool (see Figure 1-18), is designed to manage Virtual LANs
and switched networks and can be used as a stand-alone (open
management platform independent) graphical network management
tool. The Topology Tool provides a consolidated interface for performing
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1-24
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
various network management tasks required to manage Virtual LANs and
switched networks.
Figure 1-18 The Transcend Topology Browser
In the absence of a management platform (such as HPOV etc.), this tool
can be used a the primary GUI for managing the switched network.
All management functions such as monitoring, configuration, statistics
gathering etc. can be performed using this interface.
The Transcend Topology Browser is comprised of two sections. The
section on the left is the Component View and the section on the right is
the Topology View.
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-25
The Topology View shows the layer 2 physical topology of large switched
infrastructures (networks with more than 500 Switches) in a single
hierarchy. For example, all the devices, such as ATM switches,
Fast-Ethernet Switches, and there corresponding edge devices, are
mapped.
The tree type Component View is hot linked to the Topology View and
allows for quick selection of infrastructure components that are
dynamically highlighted on the topology map. This feature allows you to
select an entry in the Component View, and view the highlighted
component in the Topology View using the Cross Reference icon.
For example, if you select a switch or an edge device from the ATMvLAN
Devices branch in the Component View, the selected switch is
highlighted in the Topology View. If you select a VLAN entry in the VLAN
branch, all the switches that belong to the VLAN are highlighted
The Component View has two windows for displaying the components.
The two windows allow for opening and viewing different branches at
the same time. For example, in the top window, a VLAN branch may be
opened displaying all the VLANs. In the bottom window, a specific VLAN
branch may be selected, and the segments within the VLAN displayed.
When performing VLAN moves, segments may be selected from one
window (top or source), and the target VLAN may be selected from the
other window (bottom).
Traffic pattern overlays are planned for the future in the Component View
as the Topology View will be hot linked to the Bandwidth Tool.
The topology map includes the following icons:
■
■
■
Zoom Out - This tool is used to magnify the topology map.
Zoom In - This tool is used to reduce the topology map.
Select Area - This tool is used to select an area of the topology map.
Use this tool by clicking on the icon and then defining an area (square)
on the topology map. The selected area is resized to fit the topology
map window. When used in conjunction with the Pan tool, you can
resize the selected area by resizing one of the rectangles handles using
MB1.
■
Pan - The tool opens up a display window that allows you to pan the
entire network.
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1-26
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
■
Refresh - This tool updates the network status.
The Topology Tool includes the following features:
■
■
■
Rearrange - You can rearrange the components for display by
dragging them on the Component View to the desired location.
Search - This feature allows you to enter an IP address and locate the
device on the Topology View.
Highlight - The Component View, in conjunction with the Cross
Reference Tool highlights the component selected in the Topology
View.
■
■
Identify - Use this feature to identify the device IP Address and its
name. You use the identify feature by clicking with the right mouse
button on the Topology View.
Display Front Panel - The feature is the same as the Zoom Physical
feature in the ATM and VLAN Management application. You can
display device front panels by double clicking on the device in the
Topology View.
The Component View reflects the status of all the components that are
being actively polled by a distributed polling agent (medp). For customers
that do not want to use the platform maps, HPOV, Netview or SunNet
Manager, the Transcend Topology Browser may be used as the main
console.
For distributed view ing capability, the Topology Tool can be
accessed via a w eb brow ser.
You must upgrade Netscape to Version 4.03 with JDK1.1 support.
Upgrading to Netscape 4.03 is insufficient to run the web-based ATM
VLAN software. You must have the JDK 1.1 support for the software to
run properly.
The JDK software may be downloaded from the JAVA site currently at:
http://developer.netscape.com/software/index.html?content=jdk/downlo
ad.html
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-27
Topology Tool
ATMvLAN Objects
Toolbar
Icon Display
Icon Name
Description
Zoom
Zooms in on the selected branch. Performs
the same zoom action as when you select
an icon and then select ATMvLAN - >
Zoom Physical in the ATM and VLAN
management maps.
Configuration Opens up the Configuration window for
Assistant
the selected branch. Performs the same
action as when you select an icon and then
select ATMvLAN - > Configuration
Assistant in the ATM and VLAN
management maps.
Graph
Assistant
Opens up the Graph window for the
selected branch. Performs the same action
as when you select an icon and then select
ATMvLAN -> Graph Assistant in the ATM
and VLAN management maps.
Cross
Reference
Displays the component highlighted in the
LANScape Browser in the LANScape
topology map.
Move
Opens up the Configuration window for
the selected branch. Performs the same
action as when you select an icon and then
select ATMvLAN - > Move in the ATM and
VLAN management maps.
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1-28
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
Icon Display
Icon Name
Description
Path Assistant Opens up the Path window for the
selected branches. Performs the same
action as when you select two icons and
then select ATMvLAN -> Path Assistant in
the ATM and VLAN management maps.
Help
Opens up the on-line Help files to help you
use the ATM and VLAN Management
application,
Bandw idth Tool
The Bandwidth icon opens the Network Node Interface Traffic Tool, NNIx,
(see Figure 1-19), and displays all the ATM switches and traffic patterns
on the NNI and UNI levels of switches. The NNIx Browser and Maps
provide a graphical display of the network link utilization. You can also
display the percentage of traffic on the network using the NNIx Maps.
The Bandwidth Tool is organized based on enhanced Interswitch Interim
Signalling Protocol (IISP) address hierarchy. This tool is used to log the
traffic information to a file, so that historical network-wide NNI link level
data can be gathered and displayed. The Bandwidth tool is also used to
graphically display errors on NNI links across the networks.
See Chapter 7 for a detailed description of the Bandwidth Tool.
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-29
Figure 1-19 The Network Node Interface Traffic Tools
Report Tool
The Report icon opens the Network Node Interface Tabular Tool, NNIt, see
Figure 1-20, and is identical to the Bandwidth Tool, except that the
information is displayed in a report (tabular) format. The devices that are
linked are listed in a directional table, left to right or right to left. The
percentage of traffic and number of octets per second going through the
switches is also listed in the table.
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1-30
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
Figure 1-20 The Network Node Interface Tabular Tool
Locator Tool
The Locator Tool, (see Figure 1-21) functions as a search and modification
tool to the ATM and VLAN application’s databases. These databases are
built using other tools. For example, the MAC VDB database is built using
the Build UDB Tool. The Manual Discovery database is built using the
Manual Discovery Setup. See “Configuring Manual Device Discovery” on
page 4-1. The VLAN Aliases and Colors database are built using the VLAN
Aliases and Colors Setup. See the description of setting VLAN aliases and
colors on page 4-20. The Locator searches these databases and allows
you to modify parameters within them.
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-31
The Locator Tool uses a search string that is color-coded and displays all
other parameters for the selected string in the bottom portion of the
dialog box.
Figure 1-21 The Locator Tool
Users Tool
The Users Tool opens the Build UDB tool, see Figure 1-22, is used to build
a parameter database for storing all the information related to MAC
addresses in the network. The Users Tool performs an inventory of the
existing network, automatically discovers the MAC addresses that exist
and their respective locations (device, port) and their current VLAN
mapping. The parameter database populated by the Build UDB tool may
be modified manually to change VLAN mapping. Use the Locator Tool to
edit the database. Devices that enforce the MAC based Automatic VLAN
configuration policy will query this database to resolve MAC address to
VLAN mapping.
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1-32
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
Since the Build UDB Tool requires lots of CPU as well as generates a lot of
SNMP traffic, we recommend that you use this tool during periods of low
network activity.
Figure 1-22 The Build UDB Tool
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-33
Profile Tool
The Profile icon opens the VnPro Tool that lists all the network devices
and their associated VLANs. This tool provides a comprehensive inventory
of all the VLANs in the network.
Figure 1-23 The VnPro Tool
The top section displays the VLAN Configuration. The devices, and the
associated port numbers and VLAN names are displayed.
To use the VnPro Tool:
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1-34
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
Highlight a line in the display.The bottom section displays the information
for the selected line. The bottom section of the VnPro Tool is used for
display purposes only.
The Options menu allows you to perform the following:
■
■
■
■
Move
Refresh
Save As
Quit
The Move option is not implemented in this release.
The Refresh option allows you to update the VLAN Configuration table
for the latest device and VLAN information.
The Save As option saves the VnPro information to file. The information
can be saved as text or to a file capable of being opened in Excel.
Figure 1-24 VnPRo Save As dialog box
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-35
The Quit option exits the VnPro Tool.
A VLAN may be defined without ports when the VLAN is defined in the
edge device (Vbridge is allocated) however, the VLAN ports are not
associated with the VLAN at this point.
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1-36
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
Tasks Tool
The Tasks icon opens the Spider Tool (see Figure 1-25), that provides a
graphical display of the underlying distributed processes in the ATM and
VLAN Management application. This is only a graphical display tool used
to illustrate the underlying network-wide configuration
infrastructure/engines and their logical layout. This diagnostic tool
displays the active processes and the devices they are applied upon.
Figure 1-25 The Spider Tool
FSetup Tool
The Fast Setup Tool is a wizard that allows you to configure the
CoreBuilder 7000 through the ATM and VLAN Management application.
parameters required for network management.
To use the Fast Setup Tool:
Click on the FSetup icon in the ATMvLAN Toolbar. The CoreBuilder 7000
first Fast Setup Wizard Panel is displayed. See Figure 1-26.
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-37
Figure 1-26 Fast Setup Wizard Step 1
To select the CoreBuilder 7000
1 Enter the CoreBuilder 7000 IP Address or select an address from the drop
down menu.
2 SNMP Community String.
3 Click Next. Panel 2 is displayed.
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1-38
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
Figure 1-27 Fast Setup Wizard Step 2
1 Enter the Network prefix in the General Parameters wizard panel.
2 Click Next. Panel 3 is displayed.
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-39
Figure 1-28 Fast Setup Wizard Step 3
1 Select whether you want the Resident LECS Service to be enabled on the
selected CoreBuilder. Toggling it on, immediately enables the LES Service.
The resident LECS Service does not need to be enabled for the LES Service
to be enabled.
2 Enter the User part of the Resident LECS.
3 Click Next. Panel 4 is displayed.
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-41
Figure 1-30 Fast Setup Wizard Step 5
1 Enter the maximum number of NNI hops.
2 Select the port settings.
The port settings may be either UNI, NNI or GW.
Click Next. Panel 6 is displayed.
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1-42
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
Figure 1-31 Fast Setup Wizard Step 6
1 Enter the Switch IP address, subnet mask and default gateway.
2 Enter the NMS address.
Figure 1-32 Fast Setup Final panel
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-43
This panel is to review your settings. Use the scroll bar to view your
settings. Click Prev to change settings. Click Finish to apply the settings.
NMS Setup
following the instructions on the screen.
To use the NMSetup Tool:
Click on the NMSetup icon in the ATMvLAN Toolbar. The NMSetup
Wizard Panel is displayed. See Figure 1-33.
Figure 1-33 NMS Setup Step 1
Define the pollers and the devices that each poller is responsible for in the
Delegation MedP panel. Click Next. Step 2 is displayed. See Figure 1-34.
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-45
.
Figure 1-35 NMS Setup Step 3 Platform options
This panel allows you to enable platform options. You can save the
If Manual Device Discovery is not toggled on, the application will discover
from the platform database. When toggled on, the application will rely
on manual population of the device database.
Click Next. Step 4 is displayed as in Figure 1-36.
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1-46
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
Figure 1-36 NMS Setup Step 4 Advanced Options
Define the number of seconds that the application will wait for the
This number could be tuned down to about 120 seconds if there are no
redundant switch engines in the network. If there are redundant switch
engines, the default number should be used.
Enter the fields in the Advanced options panel and click next. Step 5 is
displayed. See Figure 1-37.
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1-48
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
Toggle on the appropriate fields and click Next. The final panel is
displayed showing your final NMS Setup settings. See
Figure 1-38 NMS Final Panel Review Settings
ATM and VLAN
Management
Assistants
ATM and VLAN Management Assistants are launched from the ATM
VLAN Maps and Tools. These assistants are used to perform various
functions such as configuration of services, statistics gathering,
troubleshooting and other network tasks.
Configuration
The configuration assistants are used to configure the network elements
Assistants in the management maps. ATM and VLAN Management Assistants are
launched from maps or tools.
The Configuration Assistants include:
■
■
■
■
LECS Redundancy
LECS Database Configuration and Synchronization
LES/BUS Redundancy Setup and Activation
VLAN Aliases and Colors Setup
See Chapter 4 for a more detailed description of these assistants.
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CONFIGURING AND LAUNCHING
THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGER
2
■
■
■
■
■
Device Configuration for VLANs in ATM Networks
Device Configuration for VLANS in Non-ATM Networks
Starting Up the ATM and VLAN Manager
Device Discovery
All 3Com devices including CoreBuilder 7000, SuperStack II Switch 2700,
SuperStack II Switch 1000/3000, SuperStack II Desktop Switch,
CoreBuilder 7X00, NetBuilder II, CoreBuilder 4000, SuperStack II Switch
2000, CoreBuilder 2500 and CoreBuilder 5000 Fast/Switch Modules may
be managed through the ATM and VLAN Management tools. Please refer
to the specific device Setup Manual for device initialization and setup
instructions.
NMSetup
The NMSetup Tool located in the ATMvLAN Toolbar, opens the NMSetup
wizard that allows you to set all the NMS configuration parameters and
values in a step by step procedure.
NMSetup
To use the NMSetup Tool:
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2-2
CHAPTER 2: CONFIGURING AND LAUNCHING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGER
Click on the NMSetup icon in the ATMvLAN Toolbar. The NMSetup
Wizard Panel is displayed. See Figure 2-1.
Figure 2-1 NMSetup Step 1
For a detailed description of the NMSetup Tool see page 1-43.
Configuring SNMP
SmartAgents on
Devices
The NMS performs physical layer management using the SNMP. The NMS
polls agents for status, configuration and network traffic information.
The first step in initializing the network for management is to configure
the SNMP SmartAgents in the 3Com ATM and VLAN devices.
To configure the SNMP SmartAgents on Devices:
1 Determine the management IP subnet and IP addresses to be used for the
ATM devices and the Transcend ATM and VLAN Manager Station.
2 Configure the IP address and default gateway in each ATM switch unit.
See the device Installation and Setup Guide for the switches you are
using.
It is recommended that all the ATM and VLAN devices be configured as
members of the same subnet as the Network Management Station
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Configuring SNMP SmartAgents on Devices 2-3
(NMS). This allows the NMS to access these devices directly over the ATM
network instead of going across routers.
3 Configure the IP address, and default gateway of Bridge 0 in each of the
edge device units. See the device Installation and Setup Guide for the
devices you are using.
Configuring SNMP Community names set on the NMS must correspond with community
SmartAgents and names set on the agent(s). Configure the SNMP generic parameters on
Parameters the ATM and VLAN Network Manager as follows:
1 Configure the default SNMP Community Setting on the Network
Management Platform according to Table 2-1. See the Network
Management Platform Administration Manual.
Table 2-1 Configuring SNMP Community Settings
SNMP Community
Setting
Device
CoreBuilder 7000
Private
CoreBuilder 7X00
SuperStack II Switch 2700
SuperStack II Switch
Security
1000/3000/Desktop Switch
SuperStack II Switch 2000 Private
CoreBuilder 2500/6000
CoreBuilder 5000 Switch
Module
Public
SuperStack II Switch 2000 Security
TR
NetBuilder II
Public
Public
CoreBuilder 4000
If default SNMP Communities are changed in the devices, you must enter
the new communities as well.
2 Verify the IP/SNMP connectivity using the IP Map.
All devices in the management subnet should appear on the IP Map of
the management platform. The IP connectivity is verified by the
appearance of the IP address. The SNMP connectivity is verified by the
appearance of the device icon. The process of establishing connectivity
should take about 5 minutes.
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2-4
CHAPTER 2: CONFIGURING AND LAUNCHING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGER
CAUTION: Do not start the ATM and VLAN Network Manager until all
the ATM and VLAN devices have been discovered and appear in the IP
Map of the management platform.
Setting Up for Polling in SNMP management is the activity whereby the NMS
Distributed Polling
interrogates/polls individual nodes on the network for their current
status. It is one if the most important sources of network management
control for traffic on the network.
The ATM and VLAN Management application maintains the status and
state of all the logical and physical components of the network. You
cannot rely on the platform poller alone (such as HPOV SNMP Poller)
which only maintains the “ping” status of the network when using the
application. The ATM and VLAN Management application uses a
platform-independent poller called the Mediation Poller or Medp to
actively maintain the status of all the components it is monitoring.
Starting the Poller Locally
In small networks consisting of less than a 100 network devices (ATM and
Non-ATM switches), a single central poller is adequate for polling the
network and maintaining the state of the logical and physical network. In
these types of networks, the Mediation Poller can reside on the NMS. The
default configuration installs the mediation poller when the ATM and
VLAN Management application is installed. The poller is initialized and
activated along with other network management platform processes.
Starting the Poller on Multiple Distributed Machines
When using the application to manage a larger network, consisting of
many network devices, or when the network is managed over a wide
area, it is possible to distribute the polling.
Distributing polling onto more than one machine has several advantages.
The advantages are:
■
■
■
Localizes polling in remote sites so as not to send polling traffic on
WAN links.
Distributes the polling load onto several machines to get better polling
performance and SNMP traffic distribution.
Frees up CPU resources on the central management station, thus
providing better console performance.
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Configuring SNMP SmartAgents on Devices 2-5
The following steps must be followed when installing distributed pollers:
1 Install the Transcend ATM and VLAN Management application on the
central machine on top of an open management platform such a HPOV.
In a distributed polling environment, this machine is the Central Viewing
Station or Central Management Console
or
install the Transcend ATM and VLAN Management application as a
stand-alone application, on other Unix machines (Solaris, AIX or HPUX).
An open management platform is not required. In a distributed polling
environment these machines are referred to as polling stations or pollers.
These machines do not require an open management platform such as
HPOV installed on them.
2 On the polling station, start the polling process:
a
Change Directory to /usr/NCDNMS/make/
b Execute the file “medp.”
It is advised to include these steps in the boot configuration of the polling
station so that they are executed automatically when the polling station is
booted up.
3 Configure the ATM and VLAN Management application on the central
management station to recognize the distributed pollers and delegate
polling responsibilities to each poller.
Before starting the application, edit the following file:
/usr/NCDNMS/runtime/cnf/mediationd.cnf
Each line in the /usr/NCDNMS/runtime/cnf/mediationd.cnf consists of
three fields, each separated by a colon. The upper lines in the files take
priority over the lower lines.
This customization of this file can be performed using the NMS
Setup Wizard.
The first field is the range of the IP addresses that devices will be polled
from. The second field is the poller IP address. The third field represents
the socket port number communication port. The default number for the
socket port is 1161
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2-6
CHAPTER 2: CONFIGURING AND LAUNCHING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGER
An Example of Distributed Polling.
100.200.100.170-180:100.200.100.78:1161
100.200.100.*:100.200.100.79:1161
100.*.*.*:100.200.100.77:1161
*.*.*.*:127.0.0.1:1161
Figure 2-2 A Listing of Contents from the
C:\TranscendNT\ATMvLAN\runtime\cnf\mediationd.cnf
Line one displays the range of IP addresses (IP address 100.200.100) with
their last address field, address ending in numbers between 170 through
180, polled to IP address 100.200.100.78, poller number1.
A hyphen should be used to indicate a range.
Line two displays all other IP addresses in subnet 100.200.100.*, are
polled to IP address 100.200.100.79, poller number 2.
A * should be used to indicate a wildcard.
Line three displays that all other IP address in subnet,100.*.*.*, are polled
to IP address 100.200.100.77, poller number 3.
Line four displays that all other address in the network are polled to
127.0.0.1, poller number 4 which represents the poller located on the
local machine.
Be certain that the last entry in the mediationd.cnf file contains a global
subnet (*.*.*.*) in the first field to ensure that all nodes in the network
are assigned to a poller.
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Device Configuration for VLANs in ATM Networks 2-7
Device
A Virtual LAN is logical port group spanning a single device or multiple
devices on a network forming a single broadcast or flooding domain.
When LAN Emulation protocols are used to create broadcast domains
over ATM-based infrastructures, these broadcast domains are also
commonly known as Emulated LANs or ELANs. Each Emulated LAN is
serviced by a single LES (LAN Emulation Server) and single BUS (Broadcast
Unknown Server). Endstations or network devices that join a common
Emulated LAN are said to be in a single ELAN or VLAN. These endstations
communicate with the LAN Emulation Services (LES/BUS) via another LAN
Emulation entity called a LAN Emulation Client (LEC).
Configuration for
VLANs in ATM
Netw orks
To build and manage ATM/LAN Emulation-based Virtual LANs, the LAN
Emulation Services and Clients must first be manually configured into
their respective default states via device consoles or a local management
interface. Only after they are configured, can you use the ATM and VLAN
Management application to manage and manipulate the environment.
CoreBuilder 7000 The CoreBuilder 7000 ATM Switch supports the LAN Emulation Services
ATM Sw itch (LES/BUS/LECS). Depending on the number of Emulated LANs that need
Configuration
to be created, LANE services must be enabled on one or more
CoreBuilder 7000 switches in the network. You can use the CB7000 Fast
Setup tool to configure the CB7000 through the ATMvLAN Toolbar. See
“The CB7000 Fast Setup Tool” on page 2-8.
The following guidelines should be followed when enabling LAN
Emulation Services on the CoreBuilder 7000.
1 When there are multiple CoreBuilder 7000s, the LAN Emulation Services
must be distributed amongst all the core switches.
For example, if 10 Emulated LANS are required and the network is
distribute the LANE Services on all the core switches.
All LANE services should be enabled on all the core switches. Since each
CoreBuilder 7000 supports 16 LES/BUS pairs, some of these LES/BUS pairs
may be configured as primary LANE servers of an ELAN and the others as
backup LANE Servers for the primary LES/BUS pair. See Chapter 4.
2 When there are multiple CoreBuilder 7000s, the LAN Emulation
Configuration Server (LECS) may be enabled on multiple switches. Up to
5 LECSs may be configured as active LECSs in the network. You should
enable LECSs on some of the core switches in the network.
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2-8
CHAPTER 2: CONFIGURING AND LAUNCHING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGER
3 The Network Management Station should be connected directly to the
switch running the primary LECS. This will ensure that the NMS always
has access to the LECS so that it can enable the backup LES when the
primary LES fails. See “Description of LES/BUS Redundancy” on page
4-10.
The CB7000 Fast Setup Tool
This CB700 Fast Setup icon opens a wizard that allows to configure the
CoreBuilder 7000.
To use the Fast Setup Tool.
Click on the FSetup icon in the ATMvLAN Toolbar. Step by step
procedures are displayed that allow you to configure the CB7000.
ATM Edge Device ATM edge devices such as Super Stack II Switch 2700, CoreBuilder 7200,
Configuration
Switch 1000, CoreBuilder 5000 Switch Modules etc., provide the legacy
LAN-to- ATM integration. Some of these edge devices need to be
pre-configured to enable the LAN Emulation Clients within them.
Typically, this involves configuring the local bridge groups within the
devices and their corresponding LECs. Please refer to the appropriate
device configuration manuals for information on VLAN/ELAN
configuration of these devices.
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Device Configuration for VLANS in Non-ATM Networks 2-9
Device
Virtual LANs in non-ATM (Fast Ethernet) environments are created by
using Layer 2 encapsulation or Tagging as a means to create broadcast or
flooding domains. Ports that are common to multiple Virtual LANs are
known as Virtual LAN Trunks (VLT). Switch 1000/3000s and CoreBuilder
5000 Fast Modules support this feature. VLTs must be configured on the
switches prior to using the ATM and VLAN application to manipulate the
VLT-based VLANS. Please refer to the Switch 1000/3000/CoreBuilder
5000 Fast Module configuration manuals for information on VLT-based
Virtual LANs.
Configuration for
VLANS in Non-ATM
Netw orks
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2-10
CHAPTER 2: CONFIGURING AND LAUNCHING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGER
Starting Up the
ATM and VLAN
Manager
This section describes the start-up procedure for the ATM and VLAN
Management application for the HPOV/OVW platform:
and VLAN the ATM and VLAN Management application. They are as follows:
Management
Application
HP OpenView IP Map” on page 2-10.
4 Customize the VLAN colors and aliases. See “Customize the VLAN colors
and aliases.” on page 2-11.
5 Customize some of the other application configuration files using the
NMSetup Wizard. See “Customizing the Application Configuration Files”
on page 2-12.
6 Restart the ATM and VLAN Management application.
Login to the UNIX Workstation and Start the OVW
From the HPOV Root Window select ATMvLAN and then select Load
Transcend ATMvLAN Maps.
After a few seconds, icons representing the six ATM and VLAN
Management maps appear in the Root window. The ATMvLAN Toolbar
and the Virtual LANs and LAN Emulation windows appear.
Discover devices via the HP OpenView IP Map
Ping devices if they don’t appear in the IP map. Start the ATM and VLAN
Management application only after all the devices are discovered by
HPOV and are displayed in the IP map.
If you encounter problems discovering devices from the HPOV platform
database, or if you want to setup the application to ignore the platform
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discovery database, you can manually discover devices using the Manual
Device Discovery Assistant. See “Using the Manual Device Discovery
Assistant” on page 4-2.
Verify that your netw ork is up and running.
As the application begins, it is modeling (understanding the logical and
physical structure) the ATMvLAN network. The length of this process
depends on the size of the network. For larger networks, it may take up
to 15 minutes for your maps to be activated.
To check that the network modeling process is complete open the LAN
Emulation Map and verify that all of the icon colors have changed from
blue to yellow, green or red.
Common Startup Problems
If the root icons don’t change color from blue, it may be because either
the MEDP or PDP tasks are not running.
There are two ways to check that the MEDP and PDP process are running
on OVW or NetView:
■
■
use the ovstatus command
use the ps command
The ps command is used for the SunNet Manager to check if the
processes are running.
Customize the VLAN colors and aliases.
Customizing the VLAN aliases and colors enables the ATMvLAN device
view windows to show what VLANS each port is assigned to. If you do
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2-12
CHAPTER 2: CONFIGURING AND LAUNCHING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGER
not customize the colors and alias settings, device view VLAN moves can
not be applied.
1 Select the Virtual LANs icon and then select the Configuration Assistant
icon. This displays the Virtual LANs configuration window.
Figure 2-3 Virtual LANs Configuration Assistant
2 Create the VLAN alias and color mapping.
To select a VLAN aliases and associated names:
a
Select the VLAN ID from the pop-up list.
b Type in the new VLAN Name.
Select the VLAN color from the pop-up list.
d Click Add
Click Apply to save all the updated VLAN names and aliases. Close the
c
e
window by selecting File -> Close. The changes are applied only after
the ATMvLAN Management application is unloaded and re-loaded.
Customizing the
There are several settings that can be customized by modifying the values
Application in files stored in the C:\usr\TranscendNT\ATMvLAN\runtime\cnf and
Configuration Files C:\usr\TranscendNT\ATMvLAN\runtime\dat directories. These settings
affect various features of the ATM and VLAN Management application
and can make your ATM network easier to manage. Once changed, the
application needs to be unloaded and reloaded for them to be applied.
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Starting Up the ATM and VLAN Manager 2-13
These files and directories must be backed-up before installing/upgrading
The ATMvLAN NMSetup Wizard allows you to modify these configuration
files. This customization will take effect upon restarting the application
after the customization is performed using the customization Wizard.
Table 2-2 lists the names of the some files that you can customize using
the NMSetup Wizard.
Filename
Description
mediationd.cnf
This file has the information about all the distributed pollers
and the devices that each poller is responsible. The setup of
distributed pollers is explained in the See “Setting Up for
Distributed Polling” on page 2-4.
This file is customized by the Setup Wizard.
noplatdis.cnf
127.0.0.1.ppp
numcpsrvs.cnf
If this file exists, the application will not discover from the
platform database. It will rely on manual population of the
device database
(C:\TranscendNT\ATMvLAN\runtime\sav\127.0.0.1.ppp)
using the Manual Discovery Tool. The default is to use
platform discovery and this file by default is
noplatdis.cnf.bak
This file is customized by the Setup Wizard
The number set in this file (1-16) determines the number of
LESs displayed in the maps. So if you are only using 2
LES/CoreBuilder, set the number to 2 and only the first 2
LESs of the CoreBuilder are shown in the maps.
This file is not customized by the Setup Wizard.
protimeout.cnf
The number in this file determines the number of seconds
that the application will wait for the network to settle down
before it start the LES failure verification process. This
number could be tuned down to about 120 seconds if
there are not redundant switch engines in the network. See
Chapter 4 for a more detailed description. If there are
redundant switch engines, the default number should be
used.
This file is customized by the Setup Wizard.
VnRgb.dat
Is the file where the VLAN aliases and color information is
saved after the aliases and colors are set. This file must be
saved when the application is upgraded to a newer release.
This files is customized by using the VLAN Aliases and
Colors setup assistant.
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2-14
CHAPTER 2: CONFIGURING AND LAUNCHING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGER
Table 2-2 ATMvLAN Customization Files
Filename
Spider.cnf
Description
This file format is similar to the mediationd.cnf file. The
contents of the file define the location of the distributed
proxy smart Agents (pdp). It can either point to the local
host or a remote proxy agent. You can assign different
proxy agent to different IP address ranges. These proxy
smart agents are used for Policy based VLAN configuration,
data collection for NNIx tool, MAC address inventory etc.
#
#
#
#
NCD JAVA Configuration File
PDP List
# Devices: PDP ip: PDP port
*.*.*.*:127.0.0.1:6790
This file is not customized by the Setup Wizard.
Restart the ATM VLAN Application
Unload the ATMvLAN Maps and then reload them.
To unload, select all six ATMvLAN root icons. From the ATMvLAN menu
select Unload Transcend ATMvLAN Maps. This allows all the configuration
files, color, and alias changes to take affect. Be sure to unload the ATM
and VLAN application before you exit HPOV/OVW. Failure to do so will
prevent the application from loading successfully next time HPOV/OVW is
launched.
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Device Discovery 2-15
Device Discovery
Devices are discovered only if they are up and respond to SNMP queries.
The devices must appear in the management platform's IP Map first.
Re-discovering You can update the application to include new ATM and VLAN devices
Devices while the application is running. New devices are ones that have been
added after you have initialized the application.
To update and include the new devices:
Select ATMvLAN --> Load Transcend ATMvLAN Maps.
This procedure may be performed only at intervals of 15 minute or more.
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2-16
CHAPTER 2: CONFIGURING AND LAUNCHING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGER
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USING THE ATM AND VLAN
MANAGEMENT APPLICATION
3
The following topics are discussed:
■
■
■
Navigating ATM and VLAN Maps
Using the ATM and VLAN Tools
Using the ATM and VLAN Assistants
Navigating ATM
and VLAN Maps
Figure 3-1 displays the Root Window of the ATM and VLAN Manager as it
is displayed after starting the application. Each icon opens into several
submaps, depending on your network structure, to display the physical
and logical components of the network.
Figure 3-1 The ATM and VLAN Manager Root Window
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3-2
CHAPTER 3: USING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT APPLICATION
To navigate through a submap:
Table 3-1 Window Access From the Root Window
Window Name
Select
Action
Description
Root
ATMvLAN Devices
Double click on the icon or select Opens the ATM vLAN
ATMvLAN -> Zoom Physical.
Devices window. See
Figure 3-2.
Virtual LANs
Double click on the icon or select Opens the Virtual LANs
ATMvLAN -> Zoom Physical. window. See Figure 3-7.
LAN Emulation
ATM Network
ATMvLAN Policies
Gigabit Network
Double click on the icon or select Opens the LAN Emulation
ATMvLAN -> Zoom Physical. window.
Double click on the icon or select Opens the ATM Network
ATMvLAN -> Zoom Physical. window.
Double click on the icon or select Opens the ATMvLAN Policies
ATMvLAN -> Zoom Physical. window
Double click on the icon or select Opens the Gigabit Ethernet
ATMvLAN -> Zoom Physical. window.
You can also navigate through submaps using the Topology Tool. Double
click on the Component View entry to see the sub-maps.
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Navigating ATM and VLAN Maps 3-3
ATMvLAN Devices The ATMvLAN Devices Map displays all the ATM and VLAN devices on the
Map network. Each device is represented by an icon. Each device is color
coded according to its current status in the network
Figure 3-2 The ATMvLAN Devices Window
For the SuperStack II and CoreBuilder products to get true colors of the
device front panel, click on the front panel. This updates the colors of the
front panel. This may temporarily change other colors on the screen To
Table 3-2 Window Access from the ATMvLAN Devices Map
Window Name
Select
Action
Description
ATMvLAN Devices SuperStack II Switch
2700
Select the device and then from Displays front panel view.
the ATMvLAN menu select Zoom See Figure 3-3.
Physical.
CoreBuilder Module
Device Manager
Double click or from the
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom
Physical.
Displays front panel view.
See Figure 3-4.
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3-4
CHAPTER 3: USING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT APPLICATION
Table 3-2 Window Access from the ATMvLAN Devices Map
Window Name Select Action
Description
CoreBuilder 2500/6000 Double click or from the
or LANplex 2016/5000 ATMvLAN menu select Zoom
Displays front panel view.
See Figure 3-5.
Module Device
Manager
Physical.
CoreBuilder 5000
Module Device
Manager
Double click or from the
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom
Physical.
Displays front panel view
Displays front panel view
Switch 1000/3000
Module Device
Manager
Double click or from the
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom
Physical.
ATM SuperStack II
Switch 2700 Array
Double click or from the
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom
Physical.
Displays stack front panel
view. See Figure 3-6.
To display a device front panel using the Transcend Topology Browser:
1 Select the device in the Component View portion of Topology Browser.
2 Select the Zoom icon in the Topology Browser toolbar.
or
Double click on the device in the Component View of the Topology
Browser.
Figure 3-3 SuperStack II Switch 2700
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3-8
CHAPTER 3: USING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT APPLICATION
Virtual LANS Map
The Virtual LANs Map is used to display the VLANs and the associated
segments in the network.
Figure 3-7 The Virtual LANs Window
Table 3-3 Window Access from the Virtual LANs Map
Window Name
Select
Action
Description
Virtual LANs
A Virtual LANs group
Double click or from the
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom
Physical.
Displays the segments
belonging to the selected
VLAN. See Figure 3-8.
1 Select the Virtual LAN in the Component View.
2 Select the Cross Reference icon in the Topology Browser Toolbar.
The devices containing the selected VLAN(s) is highlighted in the
Topology View. See Figure 3-10.
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Navigating ATM and VLAN Maps 3-9
Figure 3-8 The VN-elan window
Table 3-4 Window Access from the Vn-elan Map
Window Name
Select
Action
Description
VN-elan
One or more segments From the ATMvLAN menu select Moves the segments to a
and a VLAN in the
the Move icon.
different VLAN.
Virtual LANs window.
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3-10
CHAPTER 3: USING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT APPLICATION
Figure 3-9 Cross Referencing VLANs in the Transcend Topology Browser
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Navigating ATM and VLAN Maps 3-11
LAN Emulation Map
The LAN Emulation Map displays an overview of Emulated LANs. The
Backbone and Services in the center are connected to the peripheral,
non-backbone, ATM devices, which include edge devices or ATM
endstations participating in Emulated LANs.
Figure 3-10 The LAN Emulation Window
Table 3-5 Window Access from the LAN Emulation Map
Window Name
Select
Action
Description
LAN Emulation
Backbone and Services Double click, or from the
Displays Backbone and
Icon
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom
Physical.
Services window that shows
the LECSs, LESs and BUSes
LANE User
Double click, or from the
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom
Physical.
Displays LANE User window.
LECS icon
Double click, or from the
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom
Physical.
Displays front panel.
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3-12
CHAPTER 3: USING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT APPLICATION
Table 3-5 Window Access from the LAN Emulation Map
Window Name
Select
Action
Description
LES
Double click, or from the
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom
Physical.
Displays LECs map showing
all LECs connected to the
LES.
To display the LAN Emulation components in the Topology Browser:
1 Select the component in the Topology Browser Component View.
2 Select the Cross Reference Tool.
ATM Netw ork Map You can examine the overall structure of the ATM Network and the
connectivity of edge devices. In particular, you can examine the following
items:
■
■
■
■
■
ATM Switch topology at Network-to-Network Interface (NNI) level
Connectivity Between ATM Switch Domains at NNI level
Edge Device connectivity at User-Network Interface (UNI) level
Virtual Channels across NNI and UNI Interfaces.
List the ATM address space of the Network
The ATM Network Map displays the most up to date physical connectivity
of the network. If a link between two switches fails, the map deletes the
link from the ATM Network Map instead of displaying the link in the
critical (red) state.
To detect unexpected changes in the network configuration, you can
maintain snapshots of windows of interest. These snapshots may be used
as a baseline for comparison, for example, of detecting a link fault. Link
faults can cause a link icon to disappear from a window.
The snapshot facility is located in the Map menu of HPOV.
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Navigating ATM and VLAN Maps 3-13
Figure 3-11 The ATM Network Map
Table 3-6 Window Access from the ATM Network Map
Window Name
Select
Action
Description
ATM Network
ATM Switch
Double click, or from the
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom
Physical.
Displays ATM Switch window
ATM Switch
A device
Double click, or from the
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom
Physical.
Displays the front Panel
Device View
To display the ATM Network components in the Topology View:
1 Select the component in the Topology Browser Component View.
2 Select the Cross Reference Tool.
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3-14
CHAPTER 3: USING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT APPLICATION
ATM and VLAN The ATM and VLAN Policies Map shows the different automatic VLAN
Policies Map configuration policies you can use to assign to the VLAN devices.
Figure 3-12 The ATM and VLAN Policies Map
Table 3-7 Window Access from the ATM and VLAN Policies Map
Window Name
Select
Action
Description
ATMvLAN Policies A policy
Double click, or from the
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom
Physical.
Opens the Policy-based
window.
Policy-based
window.
One or more segments and Double click, or from the
Moves the segments to the
a policy icon (to remove a
segment from any policy,
move it to the Null Policy.
ATMvLAN menu select the Move newly assigned policy.
icon.
To display the ATMvLAN policies components in the Topology Browser
Topology View:
1 Select the component in the Topology Browser Component View.
2 Select the Cross Reference Tool
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Using the ATM and VLAN Tools 3-15
Using the ATM and
VLAN Tools
ATM and VLAN Management application. The tools may be used to
of status displays.
The ATMvLAN The ATMvLAN Toolbar, see Figure 3-13, is displayed when you startup the
Toolbar ATM and VLAN Management application.For a description of the
ATMvLAN Toolbar see page 1-21.
Figure 3-13 The ATMvLAN Toolbar
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3-16
CHAPTER 3: USING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT APPLICATION
You can perform all the ATM and VLAN Management applications tasks
using the Transcend Topology Browser. The other ATM and VLAN tools
are used for display purposes and database modifications. You can also
view the status of traffic and other network parameters using some of
the tools.
To invoke one of the tools, double click on the icon. See Section 2 for a
description on how to use these tools to perform network management
tasks.
Using the ATM and
VLAN Assistants
There are four types of assistants: configuration, graph, path and
performance. You can use these assistants to setup parameters trace
paths, and see the performance of your devices on the network.
Configuration
The following section describes the ATM and VLAN configuration
Assistants assistants.
Backbone and Services Configuration Assistant
1 Select the Backbone and Services icon from the LAN Emulation Map
To set up the LECS database:
1 Synchronize the LECS databases. See “LECS Database Creation and
Synchronization” on page 4-8.
2 Setup the LES/BUS redundancy and activate it. See “Description of
LES/BUS Redundancy” on page 4-10.
Manual Device Discovery Configuration Assistant
To launch the Manual Discovery Assistant:
1 From the Root window select the “ATMvLAN Devices” icon.
2 Select Configuration Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu. See “Using the
Manual Device Discovery Assistant” on page 4-2.
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Using the ATM and VLAN Assistants 3-17
VLAN Aliases and Colors Configuration Assistant
To launch the VLAN Aliases and Colors Assistant:
1 From the Root window, select the Virtual LAN icon.
2 Select Configuration Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu. See
“Configuring VLAN Aliases and Colors” on page 4-21 for a more detailed
description.
Graph Assistants To use the graph assistants you select the network component and then
select ATMvLAN -> Graph Assistant.Graph assistants display the statistics
of the selected component.
Path Assistants If you want to see the path between two devices or between network
components, select the devices and then select the Path icon.
LE Path Assistant The LE Path Assistant allows you to select any two LE Clients or two
Ethernet segments to obtain the following information:
■
■
■
Address resolution through the LE Server
Control distributed path (direct)
Multicast forward addressing through the BUS
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3-18
CHAPTER 3: USING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT APPLICATION
■
Data Direct
Figure 3-14 This Window Displays the VC Path Between Two LE Clients.
‘
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Using the ATM and VLAN Assistants 3-19
Figure 3-15 This Window Displays the VC Path Between Two Ethernet
Segments.
The Path Assistant see Figure 3-15,displays the corresponding segment,
its proxy client and its LE services ATM address and assists in verifying that
the connections are viable.
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3-20
CHAPTER 3: USING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT APPLICATION
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OPERATING THE ATM AND
VLAN MANAGER
II
management tasks using the ATM and VLAN Management application.
Chapter 4 Network Configuration Tasks
Chapter 5 Network Modification Tasks
Chapter 6 Network Troubleshooting Tasks
Chapter 7 Network Performance Measurement Tasks
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-22
CHAPTER :
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NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
4
assistants.
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
Configuring Policy-based VLAN Auto-configuration
Configuring and Using the MACvDB
Configuring IP Subnet-based VLAN Auto-configuration
Configuring or Viewing Administrative Status of ATM and VLAN
Components
■
Configuring PVCs
Configuring
Manual Device
Discovery
When running the ATM and VLAN Manager, devices are discovered
automatically from the platform database. The application can also be
configured to manually discover devices if you encounter difficulties with
automatic device discovery from the platform database or if you want to
work in the stand-alone mode. The application can either run in the
manual discovery mode or automatic discovery mode. In the manual
discovery mode, the application will read a static device file that is
manually created using the manual discovery configuration screen.
The Manual Discovery Setup allows you to do the following:
■
add devices from the database
delete devices from the database
■
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4-2
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
■
clear the entire database
You can sort all the device types according to all the fields contained in
the ATM and VLAN Devices database.
After you modify, change, add or delete devices from the ATM and VLAN
effect.
Using the Manual To discover devices manually, you need to set the discovery mode to
Device Discovery Manual Discovery mode. Select the Manual Discovery toggle in the
Assistant Manual Discovery Setup window. See Figure 4-1. You must also enable
Manual Discovery mode either through a customization file or the
NMSetup Wizard. See Chapter 1, Figure 1-35.
After the mode is set, the device database must be manually populated
using the manual discovery database configuration assistant.
Once the database is populated, the ATM and VLAN application must be
restarted to recognize the newly entered devices.
If you select automatic (platform) discovery from the Manual Discovery
window, changes entered manually are overwritten by the platform
discovery.
To use the Manual Device Discovery Tool:
From the Root window, select the ATM Devices icon and then select the
Configuration Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu, or in the Topology
Browser, select an ATMvLAN Device branch and then select the
Configuration icon.
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Configuring Manual Device Discovery 4-3
The Manual Discovery window is displayed in Figure 4-1.
Figure 4-1 Manual Discovery Setup Window
All devices appear initially with the default Community Name and Polling
Interval settings. These entries may be modified by changing the
Community Name in the appropriate field or using the Polling Interval
cascade to select a new value.
The window is divided into three sub-windows. The first section displays
all parameters pertaining to the selected device type. The initial values
that are displayed in section 1 pertain to the device at the top of the
selection list in section two. The second section displays all the ATM and
VLAN devices that are in the database.
Section 3 contains radio buttons of all the fields in the database. You can
sort all the devices according to the field selected by clicking on the
appropriate radio button.
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4-4
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
Adding Devices
1 Enter the device’s parameters in the display fields of section 1
2 Click Add.
Modifying Devices
1 Double click on a row In the scrolling region. The device and its
parameters appear in the display fields of section 1
or
select a Device Type from the cascade in section 1 and enter its
parameters.
2 Click Add.
The System verifies that the IP address is unique before adding a device to
the database.
Repeat for adding multiple devices.
3 Click Apply and restart the ATMvLAN Manager for modifications to take
effect.
Deleting Devices
You can delete one or more devices at once from the ATMvLAN database.
1 Highlight one or more rows in the scrolling region.
2 Click Delete.
3 Click Apply and restart the ATM and VLAN Manager for modifications to
take effect.
Clearing the Entire Database
To delete all of the devices from the database at once.
1 Click Clear.
2 Click Apply and restart the ATM and VLAN Manager for modifications to
take effect.
View ing the Manual You can also view and search all the parameters in the manual discovery
Device Discovery database using the Locator Tool.
Database
Do not use the Locator Tool to modify the Device Database.
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Configuring LAN Emulation Services 4-5
To use the Locator Tool to view the Manual Discovery database:
1 Select the Locator Tool.
2 Select the Device Database tab. See Figure 4-2.
3 Select Search to display all the parameters in the database.
The parameters are displayed.
To conduct a search based on a specified parameter.
1 Select the parameter from the Search Field.
2 Enter the search string (may be a partial value) in the Value field.
3 Select Search.
Figure 4-2 Locator Tool Manual Discovery Database
Configuring LAN
Emulation Services
The Backbone and Services Configuration Assistant allows you to perform
the following functions all in the same window:
■
Set the priority order and activate the LECSs in a multiple redundant
LECS network.
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4-6
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
■
Set up the LECS database (Set the primary LES and set the backup LES
of each ELAN)
■
■
Activate the Automatic LANE Redundancy Monitor
Setup for Quick LANE Redundancy
Figure 4-3 The Backbone and Services Configuration Window
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Configuring LAN Emulation Services 4-7
To access the Backbone and Services Configuration Assistant:
component, select the Backbone and Services icon or branch.
2 Select the Configuration icon from the Topology Browser or from the
ATMvLAN menu.
The Backbone and Services Configuration Assistant window is displayed
as shown in Figure 4-3.
The top sub-window within this setup screen allows for the setup of the
LECSs in the network. The application automatically discovers all the
LECSs in the network that are enabled or active and displays them. The
redundancy order can be changed/set according to the LECS priority.
When the redundancy order is changed, the change sets the priority
order and applies the order to all the CoreBuilder 7000s in the network.
A LECS may be in one of three states:
Enabled - The LECS can be configured but is unrecognized by all the
CoreBuilder 7000s in the network. The icon is colored yellow in the maps
or Topology Browser Component View.
Active - Each CoreBuilder 7000 in the network recognizes the LECS in
operation. You may have up to 5 LECSs in the Active state. The icon is
colored green
Disabled - The LECS cannot be recognized, enabled or activated by
network management. Icon is blue.
To change the priority order:
1 Use the middle mouse button and drag and drop the LECS to the desired
position.
For a two-button mouse, press both buttons simultaneously to drag and
drop.
2 Click Apply.
LECS Priority List The LECS priority list is applied to all the CoreBuilders in the network.
Setup
Performing this step converts all the LECSs to the active state. When a
LECS is shown as active, it means that every CoreBuilder 7000 in the
network is aware of this LECS.
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4-8
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
LECS Database The second section is used to build the LECS database. This section allows
Creation and you to enter LAN Emulation Servers (LES) and their corresponding backup
Synchronization LAN Emulation Servers into the LECS database. Initially, the LECS
database window shows the default LECS database displaying only a
subset of the LAN Emulation Servers that exist in the network.
The default LECS database (the subset) is taken from one of the LECS that
was discovered and shown in the first part of the form.
To build/modify the LECS database:
1 Select the admin and default elan ID from the toggle buttons on the side
of each entry.
2 Populate the database with all the ELAN IDs (LESs) and their
corresponding backup LESs using the selection buttons.
In order not to setup a backup for a LES, select the backup LES address to
be the same as the primary LES address.
3 Click Add to add the entry to the database or click Delete to delete
unwanted entries from the LECS database.
4 Click Apply
The LECS database shown in the window is applied to all the active and
enabled LECSs in the network. After this step LECSs are all said to be
synchronized.
Enabling Automatic The third section allows you to set up the Automatic LANE redundancy
LANE Redundancy procedure. There are three possibilities for Automatic LANE redundancy.
■
■
■
Disabled - instructs the NMS not to automatically activate the backup
LES and a failure report is not issued.
Report Only - The NMS issues a failure report but does not
automatically activate the backup LES.
Report and Activate - The NMS issues a failure report and
automatically activates the backup LES.
Quick LANE The Quick LANE Redundancy mode button (which is selected by default),
Redundancy Mode allows for a quick LES/BUS failover to backup the LES/BUS, when the
primary LES/BUS fails. When this button is selected, the LANE redundancy
monitoring software performs some vital checks to determine if the
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Configuring LAN Emulation Services 4-9
primary LES is actually down and activate the backup LES upon
completion of the vital checks. These vital checks only take a few seconds
(10-15 seconds) to complete.
Quick LANE redundancy mode is recommended for most networks.
When the Quick LANE redundancy mode is not selected, the LANE
redundancy monitoring software will perform a more comprehensive
evaluation of the failed ELAN by checking the status of every LAN
Emulation Client (LEC) within the failed ELAN, status of the switch where
the primary LES resides before the LANE redundancy monitor activates
the backup LES. This is recommended only you want every aspect of the
ELAN to be checked before a backup LES/BUS is activated. Under working
in this mode, depending on the size of the network, the LES/BUS
redundancy could take 3-5 minutes to complete.
In addition to all the parameters configured from this window, an
additional timeout parameter must be configured in a file called
“protimeout.cnf” located in the /usr/ATMVLAN/runtime/cnf directory.
This timeout parameter determines the amount of time the LANE
redundancy monitoring software should wait before performing any
LANE service checks upon failure of a LES/BUS. This timeout allows for
the VCCs to ageout and the network to return to study state.
In the Quick LANE redundancy mode, this timeout parameter in this file
should be set to “5” seconds. When the quick LANE redundancy mode is
not selected, this parameter should be set to 120 seconds if there are no
redundant Switch Engines in the network and 333 seconds (default), if
there are redundant Switch Engines in the network.
LANE Redundancy Transcend Management Software supports the configuration/setup and
Planning and Setup
Guidelines
activation of the LANE Service (LES/BUS and LECS) redundancy feature.
The following lists guidelines to help you set up the LANE Redundancy
mechanism:
1 ATM address structure and physical network connectivity should allow for
ATM route recovery for cases of switch or link failure.
2 The primary and backup LES for an ELAN should not be on the same
switch.
3 The primary LECS should not be configured on a switch with primary
LESs.
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4-10
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
4 The Network Management Station should have direct access to at least
one LECS in the network, when an ELAN fails.
5 Do not use too many primary LESs on a single switch. Distribute the LESs
across the backbone.
6 Sixteen is the default number of active LANE Servers (LES) per
CoreBuilder7000 that can be viewed in LAN Emulation maps. You can
change the number of managed LANE servers for all CoreBuilders in the
network by editing the following file:
\TranscendNT\ATMvLAN\runtime\cnf\numcpsrvs.cnf
Change the number in the file to the number of LANE servers used. The
number should be less than or equal to the number of servers in the
CoreBuilder 7000.
If you manually change the LECS database on a CoreBuilder 7000 using
the console terminal interface, the Backbone and Services Configuration
tool may have problems reading the database in the CoreBuilder. If an
error message appears, manually reset the LECS database to the factory
default.
Workaround
At the terminal prompt select 1, 2 and 7.
(1) SYS:Platform config
(2) RES:Reset config to factory default
(7) RBO:Reboot
Description of LAN Emulation Services (LES/BUS/LECS) may be activated on each
LES/BUS Redundancy CoreBuilder 7000 switch in the network. LAN Emulation Services allow
you to create Emulated LANs (ELANs) on the ATM/Ethernet based
infrastructure. Given that each Emulated LAN is serviced by only one
LES/BUS pair, this could potentially become a point of failure. The LES/BUS
redundancy feature allows you to configure an additional LES/BUS pair
(running elsewhere in the network, on a different CoreBuilder 7000) as a
dynamic/hot backup for the primary LES/BUS pair servicing a particular
ELAN.
The ATM and VLAN Management software also works with non-3Com
device LECs when connected to a 3Com LECS. The LAN Emulation
Configuration Server (LECS) database may be configured with a primary
and backup LAN Emulation Server (LES) for each ELAN. Under normal
circumstances, the LECS serves (returns) the primary LES address when a
LAN Emulation Client (LEC) requests the LES address for an ELAN.
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Configuring LAN Emulation Services 4-11
When LAN Emulation redundancy is activated on the NMS, see Activating
LANE Redundancy, and when a switch running the primary LES fails, the
NMS detects the failure. For the description of failure resolution, see “LES
Failure Resolution” on page 4-11. The backup LES in the LECS database is
then activated.
It is critical that the NMS be connected directly to the switch running the
LECS or have direct access to this switch.
The LANE clients that go back to the Initial State (As per the LANE 1.0
Specification, the LECs have to go back to the Initial state when the
connection to the LES fails.) then re-establish connection with the LECS
(LECS Connect Phase and Configuration Phase) to get the LES address.
After the LANE Monitor on the NMS triggers the activation of the backup
LES in the LECS database, the LECS serves the backup LES address for the
requested ELAN. This enables all the LANE clients (LECs) to rejoin the
ELAN. The ELAN is thus served by the backup LES/BUS pair).
LES Failure Resolution
To prevent the activation of the backup LES/BUS when the primary LES is
actually active, the LANE Monitor software performs the following checks
to verify the failure.
1 Verifies that if any one LEC is in the operational state, the backup LES is
not activated. The primary LES is assumed to be active one.
2 Verifies that the switch running the primary LES is up and active. If this is
not verifiable via direct SNMP contact, you can verify whether the switch
is OK via the neighboring switches address tables.
If either check indicates a LES failure, the backup LES is activated. The LES
failure resolution is reported as inconclusive. You can manually active the
redundant LES.
These important steps ensure the integrity of LANE services and provide a
robust and reliable recovery mechanism.
Pre-conditions for LANE Redundancy to Take Effect
Some LECs cannot bind to the backup LES even when they get the
correct information about the backup LES from the LECS. This may occur
because of problems related to route redundancy. It is important to
ensure that ATM re-routing operates even when some links or a switch is
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CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
down. If a LEC cannot bind to the backup LES, it is necessary to check if
the LEC can connect to the LES and the LES can in turn, connect back to
the LEC. Correct E-IISP planning for route failover/redundancy is required
for LANE redundancy to work.
How Does The Primary LES Regain Control of the ELAN?
The primary LES will not automatically start serving the ELAN when it
becomes active again, if the backup LES is activated. Since doing so will
result in both LESs being active at the same time and also may possible
cause a VLAN split.
The LECS continues to serve/return the backup LES address (even when
the primary LES is active again) until the LECS is manually reset to start
serving the primary LES address for ELAN configuration requests.
Restoring LANE Clients To Use The Primary LES
Restoring the LANE clients to use the primary LES may be done in one of
the following ways:
1 Automatic recovery to the to primary LES when the backup LES fails
2 Manually returning the Clients (LECs) back to the primary LES.
Automatic Recovery to the Primary LES w hen the Backup LES Fails
The primary LES and its backup LES can be configured in the LECS
database to back each other up. Under such configuration, the network
will automatically revert to the primary LES when the backup LES fails.
For example, if LES A is the primary LES and LES B is its backup, the LECS
database will contain an additional entry after the first entry with LES B as
the primary LES and LES A as its backup.
Using this setup, when the primary LES fails, the LECs connect to the
backup LES and remain there even though the primary LES becomes
active again. When the backup LES fails, the LECs connect back to the
primary LES.
When the switch is becomes operative, if a new LEC wants to join the
LES, it joins the primary LES of the ELAN that is currently being served by
the backup LES. This would result in a split ELAN. This condition must be
carefully monitored and fixed manually by first fixing the LECS database
Redundancy Assistant) and then resetting the new LECs.
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Configuring LAN Emulation Services 4-13
Since an LECS may be located on the same switch as the primary LES, if
the primary LECS (primary LECS is the one on the top of the priority list)
fails along with the primary LES, its database cannot be altered by the
“LANE Monitor” to point to the backup LES when the LES failure
condition happens. This LECS’s database still points to the primary LES
while all the other LECSs point to the backup LES. Under these conditions
if new LECs (LANE Client) become active, they could join the primary LES
of the ELAN that is currently being served by the backup LES. This would
result in a split ELAN. This condition must be carefully monitored and
fixed manually by first fixing the LECS database (using the Manual LANE
redundancy Assistant) and then resetting the new LECs.
Manually Modifying LANE Redundancy
You can modify the database of an LECS that was not automatically
changed by the LANE monitor using the Manual LANE redundancy
Configuration Assistant.
To modify the database:
1 From the LAN Emulation window or Topology Browser select the
Backbone and Services icon or branch.
2 Select the Zoom icon or Zoom Physical from the ATMvLAN menu.
3 Select the LECS which contains the database you want to modify.
4 Select the Configure icon. The Manual LANE Redundancy window is
displayed. See Figure 4-4.
Figure 4-4 The Backbone and Services Configuration Assistant/Manual LANE
Redundancy
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CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
Each ELAN contains two entries of LES addresses.
5 For each ELAN, select the LES that was not automatically changed.
6 Click Apply to update the database.
Manual LANE Redundancy operates on only one LECS at a time. You can
select the LECS in the Topology Browser or in the Backbone and Services
map.
The Automatic LANE redundancy monitor, see the description on
page 4-8, must be disabled and then restarted after manually fixing the
LECS database.
The LANE clients that are split and located on the primary LES may be
moved to the backup LES using either one of the following methods:
1 Use the VLAN Move operation.
a
Select the ports in the primary ELAN in the VLAN map.
b Move the ports to a temporary ELAN. (This temporary ELAN ID must
be in the LECS database)
c
Move the ports to the backup ELAN.
2 Software reset the backup LES/BUS after modifying the database.
The software reset of the LES/BUS must be done via the Command Line
Interface of the CB7000. The software reset feature is only supported in
the CB7000 3.5 or later version.
Manually Returning the Clients (LECs) Back to the Primary LES
Returning the clients back to the primary LES should be done during a
scheduled network down time.
To manually force the LECs back to the primary LES you must first
perform the following:
1 Reset all the LECS databases using the Manual LANE Redundancy
Configuration Assistant.
2 Disable the “Automatic LANE Redundancy Monitor”.
After the above settings are adjusted you can return the clients back to
the primary LES by performing the either one of following tasks:
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Configuring LAN Emulation Services 4-15
a
Move the ports in the backup ELAN to a temporary ELAN using the
VLAN move option. Then move the ports from the temporary ELAN to
the primary ELAN. It is important to first move to temporary ELAN first
and this temporary ELANID must be in the LECS database.
b Software reset the backup LES/BUS after modifying the database.
The software reset of the LES/BUS must be done via the Command Line
Interface of the CB7000. The software reset feature is only supported in
the CB7000 3.5 or later version.
3 Enable the Automatic LANE Redundancy.
LECS Redundancy The CoreBuilder 7000 switch supports LAN Emulation Configuration
Service. The LECS may be activated on more than one switch in the
network (up to 5).
Each CoreBuilder 7000 in the network is configured with the address of
the active LECS. The configuration of multiple active LECS addresses (up
to 5) is only possible using the LECS Select dialog box, upper part of the
Backbone and Services window.
One active LECS address can be entered via the command line interface
(LMA) and the remaining have to be set via the NMS. This limitation will
be eliminated in a future release of the CoreBuilder 7000 software.
How Do Lane Clients Take Advantage of Multiple LECSs?
If a LAN Emulation Client (LEC) uses the Well Known LECS Address (WKA)
to configure a direct connection to the LECS, the first CoreBuilder 7000 in
to which connection is established converts the WKA to the first active
LECS address (first among up to 5 LECS addresses programmed into the
CoreBuilder 7000 via the LMA and NMS). The CoreBuilder 7000 then
forwards this connection request to the active LECS. If the connection
setup fails, the CoreBuilder 7000 changes the WKA to the next active
LECS address and then tries to connect again. This process is continued
until an active LECS is reached. If none of the LECSs are reachable, then
the direct configuration setup request is rejected.
If a LAN Emulation client does not support the use of WKA, it may also
request the LECS addresses from the CoreBuilder 7000 via the ILMI and
try to reach the LECSs directly.
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CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
An Example of Setting Up and Activating LANE Redundancy
The following is an example of a simple 2 CoreBuilder 7000 setup
demonstrating the LES/BUS and LECS redundancy.
Equipment (Hardware)
[CoreBuilder 7000 B]-----[CoreBuilder 7000 A]------[7200/2700 A]
[2700/7200 B]---------[NMS]
Software
3.1 or later version running on CoreBuilder 7000 and LS2700/7200
Hardware configuration: CoreBuilder 7000 A:
■
■
■
■
■
ATM address A*
IP addr/Gateway/Mask
LECS active
LES/BUS active
Active LECS address: Use Default (pointing to a*)
Hardware configuration: CoreBuilder 7000 B:
■
■
■
■
■
ATM address B*
IP addr/Gateway/Mask
LECS active
LES/BUS active
Active LECS address: Use Default (pointing to A*)
LS2700/7200 (A and B)
■
Bridge 0: Ports 1-6, ELAN name: admin, IP address/Gateway/Mask.
■
Bridge 1, ports 7-12, ELAN name: use ELAN ID elanxxx_0 from switch
B (NOTE: the LES/BUS for bridge 1 must be on switch B)
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Configuring LAN Emulation Services 4-17
To configure the NMS:
1 Connect the NMS to port 1 on one of the 2700s.
2 Ping all the devices. Be certain that both the CoreBuilder 7000
management ports are connected to the bridge 0 ports on the 2700s.
Make sure they appear in the HPOV IP map.
3 Run the ATMvLAN application.
Make sure all that all the devices appear in the ATM Devices Map and
that the LES/BUSs from both the CoreBuilders appear in the LAN
Emulation Backbone and Services map.
Be certain that there are segments in the admin VLAN, they will appear as
VN-ELANxxx_0, and in the 2nd VLAN (bridge 1 VLAN) in the VLAN Map.
Only two VLAN icons appear green, the rest appear brown indicating that
they are empty.
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CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
To setup LANE Redundancy (LES/BUS/LECS):
and services icon or branch.
2 Select the Configure icon or Configuration Assistant from the ATMvLAN
menu.
The Backbone and Services window is displayed as in Figure 4-5.
Figure 4-5 The Backbone and Services Window
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Configuring LAN Emulation Services 4-19
To setup LECS priority:
1 Make sure the LECS with on the B* switch is the first one in the list. If
not, change the order using the middle mouse button.
2 Click Apply.
This applies the two active LECS addresses to each switch. The LECS on
switch B* is the primary one.
To setup the LECS database for LES/BUS redundancy:
1 In the second section of the dialog box, set the ELAN ID for
Admin/Default VLAN using the appropriate toggles.
Be certain to select ELANID_0 from switch A.
2 Select the primary ELAN ID. This should be same ELAN ID as the one
selected for the Admin VLAN above.
3 Select the backup ELAN ID using the backup toggle The backup ELANID
should be the elanID_0 from switch B. You will notice in the window that
shows the database, an additional entry with ELANID_0 and the two LES
addresses.
4 Add this entry to the database using the Add button.
If you don't see it in the window, scroll down to check.
5 Select the primary ELANID_1 (for bridge 1) from switch B.
6 Select the backup for ELAN ID_1 from switch A.
7 Add these entries to the database by clicking Add.
The setup consists of two ELANS each backed-up with a LES from the
other CoreBuilder.
In this example, the primary LES/BUS is running on switch B for bridge 1,
and the backup is on switch A. The primary LES /BUS for the admin ELAN
is running on switch A and the backup is on switch B.
8 Click Apply to have the database modified.
A confirmation box is displayed indicating that the changed have been
applied to both switches.
9 In the bottom section of the dialog box toggle on Report and Activate
and click Apply.
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4-20
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
At this stage, the “LANE Monitor” tracks LES/BUS failure and activates
redundancy if there is a failure of primary LES.
Bridge 0’s LES/BUS is on CoreBuilder 7000 A and its backup is on
CoreBuilder 7000 B.
Bridge 1's LES/BUS is on CoreBuilder 7000 B and its backup on
CoreBuilder 7000 A. Both switches have LECS databases and each LECS
database has the admin ELAN pointing to switch A LES/BUS ELAN_ID.
Following this procedure, check all the above steps once again. Try to
achieve an intuitive understanding of the network.
If you power-off Switch B, (you have taken down bridge 1's LES/BUS), the
NMS realizes that the primary LES for bridge 1 runs on the switch that
failed and reports it. It then moves the pointer in the LECS database
running on switch A to the backup LES/BUS for bridge 1. All the
segments from bridge 1 move the backup ELAN. This takes a few minutes
for adjustment.
You will first notice that the LECs for bridge 1 on both the edge devices
are in a fatal state. They are then are recovered using the backup LES/BUS
on the switch A.
This example effectively demonstrates both LES/BUS and LECS recovery.
LECS Recovery
While selecting the LECS, the primary LECS was set to switch B. When
switch B failed, the LECs were pointed to switch A’s LECS (the second one
in the list) by the CoreBuilder 7000 automatically.
How to Move the “admin” ELAN LES/BUS Pair from One
CoreBuilder 7000 to Another.
If you want to move the “admin” ELAN LES/BUS pair from one
CoreBuilder 7000 to another, perform the following steps:
1 In the Backbone and Services Configuration window, change the
“admin” alias mapping to a new LES/ELAN-ID and select Apply.
This changes the “admin” LES in all of the LECS databases in one step.
2 Reset the CoreBuilder 7000 with the old “admin” LES.
This step releases all the connections (LECs) from the old “admin”
LES/BUS pair.
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Configuring VLAN Aliases and Colors 4-21
All the LECs join the new “admin” ELAN since the LECS points them to
the new “admin” LES.
It takes approximately 15 seconds to update the LECSs via Transcend
Management Software. It takes about two minutes to reboot the switch
with the old LES, and about five to fifteen minutes for all the LECs to join
the new LES.
Quick LANE Redundancy
Quick LANE Redundancy performs automatic LANE redundancy, however,
it differs in the conditions that are used to trigger and activate the
LES/BUS pair redundancy.
Automatic LANE Redundancy is activated when the following conditions
are met:
■
■
■
■
One LES/BUS is in critical state (red)
All of the attached LECs are in critical state
All links to the CoreBuilder are disconnected
The CoreBuilder is in critical state
Quick LANE Redundancy is activated when the following conditions are
met:
■
■
■
One LES/BUS is in critical state (red)
At least one attached LEC is reported in critical state
The CoreBuilder is in critical state
To enable Quick LANE Redundancy, toggle on the Redundancy mode
button in the Backbone and Services Configuration Assistant window.
Configuring VLAN
Aliases and Colors
To make it easier to identify and work with VLANs on the ATM and VLAN
Manager, the VLANs can be given application-oriented names or aliases
(such as engineering, marketing, etc.) and colors to distinguish them on
the device displays.
These aliases are local to the management station and are not reflected in
the LECS database in the ATM switches.
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CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
The following steps listed below illustrate the VLAN alias and color setup.
This procedure is common for both ATM-based VLANs as well as
non-ATM VLAN alias setup.
1 From the Root window select the Virtual LANs icon and then from the
or
in the Topology Browser select a Virtual LANs component and then select
the Configure icon.
The Virtual LANs VLAN Configuration Assistant for the VLAN Aliases and
Colors dialog box is displayed as in Figure 4-6. For ATM-based VLANs the
VLAN ID is the ELAN ID; for non ATM-based VLANs, the VLAN ID is the
Work Group number.
For CoreBuilder 2500/6000 VLANs, the VLAN ID is the VLAN name given
by the user.
Figure 4-6 Virtual LANs Configuration Assistant for Aliases and Colors
The VLAN Names field lists all the VLANs that have been defined in the
NMS.
2 Select a VLAN ID from the VLAN ID cascade and enter a user-friendly
name in the entry field.
3 Select a color using the color option button.
4 Click Add.
The name is added to the list.
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Configuring VLAN Aliases and Colors 4-23
5 Click Apply to update the database.
If you do not click Apply, none of your changes are entered into the
database.
Before you begin changing/moving VLANs in the network, you must
define the admin and default VLANs using this option.
Select the ELAN that the admin VLAN is using. Enter the “admin” in the
entry field and click Add and then click Apply.
Retaining VLAN Aliases and Colors
You can retain VLAN aliases and colors for subsequent installations.
To save the colors save the file:
\TranscendNT\ATMvLAN\runtime\dat\VnRgb.dat
After you reinstall the ATMvLAN Management application, restore the
saved file to the original directory.
VLAN Aliases cannot be added to the LECS database from the Backbone
and Services Configuration window. The LECS database uses ELAN IDs
only. Aliases have significance in the local management station only.
View ing the VLAN Aliases and Colors Database
You can also view and search all the parameters in the VLAN Aliases and
Colors database using the Locator Tool.
in the display section.
To use the Locator Tool to view the VLAN Aliases and Colors database:
1 Select the Locator Tool.
2 Select the VLAN Aliases and Colors tab. See Figure 4-7.
3 Select Search to display all the parameters in the database.
The parameters are displayed.
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CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
To conduct a search based on a specified parameter.
1 Select the parameter from the Search Field.
2 Enter the search string (may be a partial value) in the Value field.
3 Select Search.
Figure 4-7 Locator Tool VLAN Aliases and Colors
Configuring
Policy-based VLAN
Auto-configuration
This section describes the implementation of Policy based VLAN auto-
configuration in ATM based VLAN environments.
Policy based VLAN auto-configuration deals with VLAN configuration
automation based on pre-defined policy or criteria. VLANs are logical
associations of ports in the network based on users and services that are
grouped together as a layer 2 broadcast domain.
The policy dictates the method of creating a logical association. The
policy can be defined to automatically configure VLANs based on users’
MAC addresses and user/server subnet (layer 3) IDs. Policy-based
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Configuring Policy-based VLAN Auto-configuration 4-25
auto-configuration can be extended to include protocol-based VLAN
auto-configuration and application-based VLAN auto-configuration.
Automatic One of the most important considerations in automatic VLAN
Configuration of configuration is network security. Network administrators must have
VLANs and Netw ork complete control over how known users access and use the network. In
Security addition to this, administrators must also have complete control over who
accesses the network and the times and locations where the network was
accessed from. Network intrusions must be detectable and dealt with
automatically.
When devices are setup for auto configuration based on a policy, all
unused ports, or ports whose link status is down, are automatically
placed in the default VLAN. The ports are moved out of the default VLAN
only when a recognized endstation or user connects to a port. This
ensures that unknown users do not have access to all VLANs in the
network. The default VLAN can be secured by not enabling any network
services within this VLAN, as well as not as connecting the default VLAN
to the rest of the routed network.
VLAN Server and
The VLAN server is a parameter database or repository that holds the
Automatic VLAN VLAN mapping information. The VLAN Server is an important component
Configuration
of the VLAN auto-configuration system. Devices that support VLAN
auto-configuration query the VLAN Server to resolve the VLAN mapping
information based on a pre-defined policy or criteria. For example:
Devices that enforce the MAC address based automatic VLAN
configuration policy query the VLAN server to resolve MAC address to
VLAN mapping. The VLAN Server may contain VLAN mapping
information based on MAC address, IP subnet, Protocol type etc.,
depending on what policies are enforced on the network
There are two types of VLAN servers currently implemented:
1 Stand-alone NT based VLAN Server.
2 Integrated TEM/Unix or TEM/NT based VLAN server.
Stand-alone NT based VLAN Server.
This server is used by SuperStack II Switch1000/3000 and Desktop
switches when configured in AutoSelect Mode, to execute automatic
VLAN configuration based on MAC addresses. See the description of
AutoSelect Mode VLAN configuration.
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CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
Integrated TEM/Unix or TEM/NT Based VLAN Server.
This server is integrated with the TEM application and is use in policy-
based VLANs. Policy-based VLANs are supported on ATM-based switches
such as the CoreBuilder 7000/7x00, SuperStack II Switch 1000 with ATM
downlink, Switch 3000 with ATM downlink and Desktop Switch with
ATM downlink.
The integrated VLAN server can be populated using the BuildvDB tool in
the ATMvLAN Tool bar and can be viewed and modified using the
MACVdb Tool.
Auto-select VLAN Configuration. The following describes how to
configure the auto-select mode on Ethernet and Fast Ethernet based
networks.
Auto-select mode allows devices to automatically partition their ports into
VLANs based on the MAC address of the endstation attached to the port.
This mode is supported on SuperStack II Switch 1000, SuperStack II
Switch 3000 and Desktop Switch.
Please refer to the SuperStack II Switch 1000 and 3000 Configuration
Manual for a description of this feature.
When Auto-select mode is enabled, these switches communicate with
the stand-alone VLAN Server to determine the MAC address to VLAN
association. If a MAC address to VLAN association is not found in the
VLAN server member table, the VLAN server returns a default VLAN ID
(VLAN 1) and then enters the new MAC address into its member
database and associates this new MAC address with VLAN 1.
To move a MAC addresses from one VLAN to another, or to change a
MAC address to VLAN association in the VLAN Server member database,
the VLAN server database must be modified using the Locator tool. By
modifying the mapping between a MAC address and the corresponding
VLAN, you can indirectly move segments on the devices that are in the
“AutoSelect” mode to various VLANs based on the MAC address to
VLAN association.
The stand-alone VLAN Server database can be viewed and modified using
the VLAN Server Member tab under the Locator Tool. The VLAN Server
Scalar Parameters Tool under in the Locator is used to configure the
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Configuring Policy-based VLAN Auto-configuration 4-27
ATMvLAN application to recognize and communicate with an NT based
stand-alone VLAN Server (IP address and SNMP community string).
Configuring MAC- This section describes how to configure devices to enforce the
based VLAN MAC-based policy.
Auto-configuration
When a device is configured for the MAC-based policy, it automatically
partitions its ports into VLANs, based on the MAC address of the
endstation that is attached to its ports. When an endstation attaches to a
device, it automatically configures the endstation’s port to the correct
VLAN based on the endstation’s MAC address. The device queries the
VLAN Server to determine the correct VLAN associated with the
endstation MAC address.
Policy
Under Auto-configuration mode, only one endstation is allowed to be
connected to a device port.
The following steps describe the configuration of MAC based Policy on
devices:
and Colors” on page 4-21.
database with MAC address to VLAN mapping information using Build
UDB” on page 4-27
3 Apply the MAC-based VLAN auto-configuration to the devices. See
“Apply the MAC-based VLAN Auto-configuration to the Devices” on
page 4-31.
4 Verify that automatic VLAN auto-configuration is activated.
Populate the Integrated VLAN Server database w ith MAC address
to VLAN mapping information using Build UDB
1 Connect a PC to any port on an edge device.
2 Generate some traffic from this PC so that its MAC address is learned by
the device.
3 Select the Users icon (from the ATMvLAN Toolbar).
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CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
4 Using the Build UDB tool, do an inventory of the network so that the
MAC address location (device/port/VLAN) where this PC is attached to is
learned and stored.
Build UDB Tool The Build UDB tool can be configured to do an MAC address inventory of
the entire network or a selected subset of devices on the network.
To open the Build UDB Tool, see Figure 4-8, start the tool from the by
selecting the Users icon. The Build UDB Tool lists all the edge devices in
the network.
To use the Build UDB Tool:
1 Select the Select All button to select all the listed devices or highlight the
devices that you want include. All the selected devices will be included in
building the current devices database. The devices are sequentially
added/updated to any previous database builds that were performed.
For multiple device selection, press Ctrl and the left mouse button.
2 Select the Start button in the Build UDB. Once started, the Build UDB Tool
queries all the selected edge devices and collects MAC address
information.
Once the Build UDB Tool finishes a sweep of the network, you can verify
the location of the endstation MAC addresses by using the MACvDB tab
in the Locator Tool.
Figure 4-8 The Build UDB Tool
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Configuring and Using the MACvDB 4-29
Configuring and
The MACvDB is used to perform the following two functions:
Using the MACvDB
1 Finding a MAC address in the network.
2 Mapping MAC addresses to VLANs.
Finding a MAC Address
switch the endstation is attached to.
Mapping a MAC Address to a VLAN
This feature is used by the MAC-based policy to determine the MAC
address to VLAN mapping. By changing the MACvDB you can redirect
MAC addresses to different VLANs. The MACvDB, see Figure 4-9, is
populated automatically when you initiate the BuildvDB Tool. You use the
Locator Tool to search, configure and modify parameters for the
MAC-based policies.
Searching the MACvDB
To search the MACvDB using the Locator Tool:
1 Click on the Locator Tool icon.
2 Select the MACvDB tab.
To search the MACvDB you may select one of the following search
strings:
■
■
■
■
Segment
Switch
MAC Address
IP Address
To search the databases:
1 From the Search Field cascade, select the type of search string you want
to locate in the database.
2 In the Value field enter a partial value of the search string you are
searching for and click Search.
A search progress bar is displayed indicating the number of matches
found for your search query.
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CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
The Search History indicates the searches you have perform thus far.
To display the contents of your database:
Select Search.
■
Once the parameters appear in the display section you can edit or modify
the database.
It is recommended that you use the Edit mode if you are going to perform
extensive modification to the database.
Modifying the MACvDB
To modify the MACvDB database:
1 Click Edit.
2 Select a row in the display.
3 Use the bottom portion of the dialog box to edit parameters.
4 Select Replace.
A warning message appears if you try to modify the database while in
Search mode.
To add or delete database parameters:
1 Select a row.
2 Click Add or Delete.
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Configuring and Using the MACvDB 4-31
A warning message appears.
Figure 4-9 The Locator Tool/MACvDB Tab
Apply the MAC-based
To apply the MAC-based auto-configuration policy to the devices you
VLAN have to move the devices into the MAC-based policy.
Auto-configuration
to the Devices
To move the devices into the MAC-based policy:
1 Select the edge device in the ATMvLAN Devices map
2 Select the MacBaseVlanPolicy icon in the ATMvLAN Policies map and then
select the VLAN Move icon or the Move option from the ATMvLAN menu.
The policy icon turns yellow, indicating that there are devices in the policy.
To remove a device from a policy:
1 Select the device in the policy map and then select the NullPolicy icon.
2 Select the Move icon or the Move option from the ATMvLAN menu.
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4-32
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
This removes the device from the policy.
Once a device or port is put into a policy, all open/unused ports are
automatically placed into the default VLAN. You will notice a message on
the NMS screen saying that VLAN move has taken place.
Verify that Automatic VLAN Auto-configuration is Activated.
1 Move the PC from the port on the SuperStack II Switch 2700 to another
open port on another SuperStack II 2700 (or another port on the same
2700) or SuperStack II 1000 (the destination device must also be assigned
to the policy) and generate a few pings.
A message is displayed that the VLAN move completed successfully.
2 Open the front panel view of the device and then check the VLAN colors.
The port on the device where the PC is connected is now configured into
the VLAN that its MAC address was mapped to. This VLAN configuration
change may take a few seconds to be reflected in VLAN maps.
Configuring IP
Subnet-based VLAN
Auto-configuration
This section describes the IP Subnet-based VLAN auto-configuration
policy. If an endstation IP subnet address is pre-mapped to a VLAN, then
the edge devices configured for this policy will automatically configure
the correct VLAN on the port that this station attaches based on the
endstation’s IP Subnet Address.
How Does IP Subnet-based VLAN Auto-configuration Compare to
DHCP?
When DHCP is enabled in the network, roving endstations can
automatically query for and get an IP address and network access
dynamically. The access to the network may not be optimal as the
endstation is configured into the subnet of the building or location. Its
services may be in another subnet or building. With IP Subnet-based
VLANs, roving endstations can maintain their IP address and
VLAN/Subnet and get optimal performance connectivity (layer 2
connectivity) to their services (file services, print services).
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Configuring IP Subnet-based VLAN Auto-configuration 4-33
To configure of IP Subnet -based policy on devices you have to populate
1 Start the Locator Tool and select the SubnetVdb tab,.
database. See “Searching the Subnet vDB” on page 4-33.
3 Modify the Subnet vDB to map IP subnets to VLANs. See “Modifying the
Subnet” on page 4-34.
Devices into the IP Subnet-based Policy” on page 4-35.
5 Verify that automatic IP Subnet-based VLAN auto-configuration is
activated.
Configuring and
The Subnet vDB, see Figure 4-10, allows you to configure the Subnet
Modifying the Subnet based policies.
vDB
Searching the Subnet vDB
To search the Subnet vDB using the Locator Tool:
1 Click on the Locator Tool icon.
2 Select the Subnet vDB tab.
To search the Subnet vDB you may select one of the following search
strings:
■
■
■
■
Protocol
Subnet Address
Mask
VLAN Name
1 From the Search Field cascade, select the type of search string you want
to locate in the database.
2 In the Value field enter a partial value of the search string you are
searching for and click Search.
A search progress bar is displayed indicating the number of matches
found for your search query.
The Search History indicates the searches you have perform thus far.
To display the contents of your database:
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4-34
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
■
Select Search.
Once the parameters appear in the display section you can edit or modify
the database.
Modifying the Subnet
To modify the SubnetvDB:
1 Select a row.
2 Use the bottom portion of the dialog box to edit parameters.
3 Select Replace.
A warning message appears if you try to modify the database while in
Search mode.
To add or delete database parameters:
1 Select a row.
2 Edit the parameters.
3 Click Add or Delete.
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Configuring IP Subnet-based VLAN Auto-configuration 4-35
A warning message appears.
Figure 4-10 The Locator Tool Subnet vDB
Moving Devices into the IP Subnet-based Policy
To move the devices into the IP Subnet-based policy:
1 Select the edge device in the ATMvLAN Devices map
2 Select the IP Subnet-based VLAN Policy icon in the ATMvLAN Policies
map.
3 Select the VLAN Move icon or the Move option from the ATMvLAN
menu.
The policy icon turns yellow, indicating that there are devices in the policy.
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4-36
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
Verify that Automatic IP Subnet-based VLAN Auto-configuration
Activated.
1 Move the PC from the port on the SuperStack II Switch 2700 to another
open port on another SuperStack II 2700 (or another port on the same
2700) The destination device/port must also be assigned to the policy
also. Generate a few pings to an unknown destination so that a
broadcast ARP is generated.
The first few packets must be a broadcast so that the switch can capture
the information about the endstation. Switch 2700 and CoreBuilder 7x00
cannot capture Unicast packets. The ping must be to an unknown
destination so that an ARP broadcast is continuously generated.
A message is displayed that the VLAN move completed successfully.
If the PC’s IP subnet is mapped to VLAN elanxx_x, when the PC is
connected to a switch and it generates a broadcast, the device
automatically configures the port to the VLAN that is mapped to PC’s IP
Subnet address.
2 Open the front panel view of the device and then check the VLAN colors.
The port on the device where the PC is connected is now configured into
the VLAN that its MAC address was mapped to. This VLAN configuration
change may take a few seconds to be reflected in VLAN maps.
Configuring Devices such as SuperStack II Switch 1000, 3000, and Desktop Switches,
AutoSelect VLANs on
can be configured to automatically partition their ports into VLANs based
Ethernet and on the MAC addresses of the endstations that are attached to them. The
FastEthernet based
Netw orks
mode of operation on these devices is called the AutoSelect Mode.
The behavior of devices when configured in the AutoSelect Mode is
similar to policy-based VLAN auto-configuration based on MAC
addresses, although using policies applies only to ATM edge devices.
Non-ATM devices cannot be configured based on policies.
When devices are configured to AutoSelect Mode, an external VLAN
Server must be enabled in the network in order for the devices to query
and retrieve MAC address to VLAN mapping information. This database
can be populated using the VLAN Server Member Table Tool under the
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Configuring IP Subnet-based VLAN Auto-configuration 4-37
Locator Tool. The external VLAN server is also populated automatically
addresses that are automatically registered are associated with VLAN 1
(default VLAN).
Configuring and Modifying the External VLAN Server Scalar
Parameters
The VLAN Server Scalar Parameters, see Figure 4-11, allows you to view
configure the ATMvLAN application to recognize the VLAN server (IP
address and SNMP Community String) as well as configure the VLAN
server’s Scalar parameters.
The External VLAN server’s IP address and SNMP community string may
also be setup using a Configuration Assistant.
To setup the External VLAN server IP address and SNMP community
string:
■
Select a work group VLAN icon in the VLAN map and then select the
Configuration Assistant option in the Transcend -> ATMvLAN menu.
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4-38
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
Searching the VLAN Server Scalar Parameters
To search the VLAN Server Scalar Parameters using the Locator Tool:
1 Click on the Locator Tool icon.
2 Select the VLAN Server Scalar Parameters.
Figure 4-11 The Locator Tool VLAN Server Scalar Parameters
Configuring and
The VLAN Server Member Table, see Figure 4-12, allows you to view and
Modifying the VLAN modify the External VLAN Server database.
Server Member Table
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Configuring IP Subnet-based VLAN Auto-configuration 4-39
Searching the VLAN Server Member Table
To search the VLAN Server Member Table using the Locator Tool:
1 Click on the Locator Tool icon.
2 Select the VLAN Member Table tab.
3 Select the Get Button to download the VLAN Server database to a local
database.
4 Use the Search Button to find and MAC address.
5 Use Edit Button to change its VLAN mapping.
6 Use Apply Button to save it locally in the local database
7 Use Set Button to upload the modified database to the VLAN Server.
Figure 4-12 The Locator Tool VLAN Server Member Table
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4-40
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
Configuring or
View ing
Administrative
Status of ATM and
VLAN Components
To view or configure administrative status select the icon in the
management maps and then select Configuration Assistant from the
ATMvLAN menu
or
select the device component in the Topology Browser and then use the
Configure icon to display the configuration dialog box.
The LEC Configuration Parameter and Status Assistant
The LEC Configuration dialog box, see Figure 4-13, shows the
configuration, time-out, and status parameters of the LEC.
To access the LEC Configuration dialog box:
1 From one of the ATM and VLAN management maps, select an LEC icon,
or in the LAN Emulation branch in the Topology Browser, select an LEC.
2 Select the Configure icon.
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4-42
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
Table 4-1 Configuration Parameters
Parameters
Meaning
Config Mode
Indicates whether this LAN Emulation Client
should auto-configure the next time it is
restarted.
LAN Type
Dat Frame
The data frame format which this client will
use the next time it returns to the Initial
State.
The maximum data frame size which this
client will use the next time it returns to the
Initial State.
ELAN Name
LES Address
The ELAN Name which this client will use the
next time it returns to the Initial State.
The LAN Emulation Server which this client
will use the next time it is started in Manual
Configuration Mode.
Table 4-2 LEC Timeout Parameters
Parameters
Meaning
Control Time-out
Time-out period used for timing out most
request/response control frame interactions.
Signaling Time-out
Ageing Time
Time-out period used for timing out attempts
to create VC.
The maximum time that an LE Client will
maintain an entry in its LE_ARP cache in the
absence of a verification of that relationship.
Table 4-3 LEC Status Parameters
Parameters
Meaning
Admin Status
The desired state of the LAN Emulation
Client.
LEC State
Last Fail
Fail State
The current state of the LAN Emulation
Client.
Status code from the last failed Configure
response or Join response.
The state this client was in when it updated
the lecLastFailureRespCode.
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Configuring or Viewing Administrative Status of ATM and VLAN Components 4-43
Table 4-4 LEC Configuration Window Actions
Parameters
Meaning
LEC ID
LE Client Identifier. Assigned by LE Server in
the Join phase.
LE Server Parameters & Status Configuration Assistant
The LE Server Parameters & Status Window is displayed in Figure 4-14. It
shows the Parameters and Status Parameters o the selected LES.
Figure 4-14 LES Parameters and Status Configuration Assistant
To access the window:
■
From Backbone and Services window, select an LEServer icon and then
select the Configure icon.
■
From the VN_Name window, select an LES icon and then select the
Configure icon.
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4-44
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
Table 4-5 LES Parameters
Parameters
Description
Type
Meaning
The ELAN Name of this LES.
Either Ethernet or Token-Ring Bus.
MTU
The size of the largest packet which can be
sent/received to/from the LES, specified in
octets.
Speed
An estimate of the LES's current bandwidth
The LES's ATM address.
Address
The LES Status is:
Table 4-6 LES Status
Status
Meaning
Values
Admin Status
The desired state of the
LES.
Enabled
Disabled
Test
Oper Status
The current operational
state of the LES.
Up
Down
Testing
Unknown
Dormant
Table 4-7 Window Actions:
To
Select
Click
Change administration status of LES Admin Status option
menu
Apply
Close window
Close
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Configuring or Viewing Administrative Status of ATM and VLAN Components 4-45
Ethernet Port Parameters & Status Configuration Assistant
The window shows the Port Parameters and the Port Status of the
selected Ethernet port.
Ethernet Port Parameters & Status Window is displayed in Figure 4-15.
Figure 4-15 The LsEthPort Parameters Configuration Assistant
To access the LsEthPort Configuration Assistant window:
■
■
■
In the ATM Switch window, from Switch x.x.x.x, select an Ethernet
port and then with the device view displayed, select Configuration
Assistant from the ATMvLAN Toolbar.
From an ATM SuperStack, select an Ethernet port on a SuperStack II
Switch 2700 module and then with the device view displayed, select
Configuration Assistant from the ATMvLAN Toolbar.
From the CoreBuilder 7000 Front Panel, select an Ethernet port on a
7200 Card and then with the device view displayed, select
Configuration Assistant from the ATMvLAN Toolbar.
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4-46
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
The port parameters are:
Table 4-8 Port Parameters
Parameters
Meaning
Description
A textual string containing information about
the interface, including the name of the
manufacturer, the product name, and the
version of the hardware/software.
Type
MTU
The type of interface (Ethernet)
The size of the largest packet which can be
sent/received on the interface, specified in
octets.
Speed
An estimate of the interface's current
bandwidth in bits per second.
Address
The interface's MAC address.
The Port Status is:
Table 4-9 Port Status
Status
Meaning
Values
Admin Status
The desired state of the
interface. (The port is
enabled/disabled by
software).
Enabled
Disabled
Test
Oper Status
The current operational
state of the interface.
Up
Down
Testing
Unknown
Dormant
ATM Port Parameters & Status
ATM Port Parameters & Status Window is displayed in Figure 4-16. It
shows the Port Parameters and the Port Status of the selected ATM port.
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Configuring or Viewing Administrative Status of ATM and VLAN Components 4-47
Figure 4-16 LsOc3Portx x Window/ATM Port Parameters and Status
To access the window:
1 From Switch x.x.x.x, select an ATM port or from an ATM SuperStack,
select an ATM port on a SuperStack II Switch 2700 module.
2 With the device view displayed, select Configuration Assistant from the
ATMvLAN Toolbar.
The port parameters are:
Table 4-10 Port Parameters
Parameters
Meaning
Description
A textual string containing information about
the interface, including the name of the
manufacturer, the product name, and the
version of the hardware/software.
Type
The type of interface (ATM).
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4-48
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
Table 4-10 Port Parameters
Parameters
Meaning
MTU
The size of the largest packet which can be
sent/received on the interface, specified in
octets.
Speed
An estimate of the interface's current
bandwidth in bits per second.
Address
The interface's ATM address.
The port status is:
Table 4-11 Port Status
Status
Meaning
Values
Admin Status
The desired state of the
interface. (The port is
enabled/disabled by
software).
Enabled
Disabled
Test
Oper Status
The current operational
state of the interface.
Up
Down
Testing
Unknown
Dormant
Table 4-12 Window Actions:
To:
Select:
Click
Change administration status of
port
Admin Status option
menu
Apply
Close window
Close
SuperStack II Sw itch 2700 Parameter and Status Information
The SuperStack II Switch 2700 Parameter and Status Information window
is displayed in Figure 4-17. The window shows system and chassis
Information. This information is read-only.
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Configuring or Viewing Administrative Status of ATM and VLAN Components 4-49
Figure 4-17 The LinkSwitch/SuperStack Ii Switch 2700 Configuration Assistant
To access the LinkSwitch/SuperStack II Switch 2700 Configuration
Assistant:
■
■
■
■
■
From ATMSwitchx.x.x.x, select SuperStack II Switch 2700 icon and
then with the device view displayed, select Configuration Assistant
from the ATMvLAN menu.
From ATM devices, select SuperStack II Switch 2700 icon and then
with the device view displayed, select Configuration Assistant from
the ATMvLAN menu.
From an ATM SuperStack II Switch 2700 icons, select SuperStack II
Switch 2700 icon and then with the device view displayed, select
Configuration Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu.
From the LANE User icon, select SuperStack II Switch 2700 icon and
then with the device view displayed, select Configuration Assistant
from the ATMvLAN menu.
From a Switch x.x.x.x, select “System patch” and then with the device
view displayed, select Configuration Assistant from the ATMvLAN
menu.
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4-50
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
■
From an ATM SuperStack, select “System patch” for a SuperStack II
Switch 2700 module and then with the device view displayed, select
Configuration Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu.
The system information is:
Table 4-13 System Information
Parameters
Meaning
Description
A textual description of the SuperStack II
Switch 2700 module.
Sys Oid
Contact
System Object Id. Vendor identification of the
SuperStack II Switch 2700 module.
The textual identification of the contact
person for this SuperStack II Switch 2700
module, with information on how to contact
this person.
Location
The physical location of this SuperStack II
Switch 2700 module.
The chassis information is:
Table 4-14 Chassis Information
Status
Meaning
Chassis Type
An authoritative identification of the SuperStack II
Switch 2700 module.
Serial Number
The serial number of this SuperStack II Switch 2700
module.
Table 4-15 Window Actions:
To:
Select:
Click
Close window
Close
CoreBuilder 7000 Module ATM Port Parameters & Status
The CoreBuilder 7000 Module ATM Port Parameters & Status Window is
displayed in Figure 4-18. It shows the Port Parameters and the Port Status
of the selected CoreBuilder 7000 module port.
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Configuring or Viewing Administrative Status of ATM and VLAN Components 4-51
Figure 4-18 CoreBuilder Module ATM Port Parameters & Status
To access the window:
From a CoreBuilder.x.x.x.x, select an ATM port and then with the device
view displayed, select Configuration Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu.
The Port Parameters are:
Table 4-16 Port Parameters
Parameters
Meaning
Description
A textual string containing information about
the interface, including the name of the
manufacturer, the product name, and the
version of the hardware/software.
Type
MTU
The type of interface (ATM).
The size of the largest packet which can be
sent/received on the interface, specified in
octets.
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CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
Table 4-16 Port Parameters
Parameters
Meaning
Speed
An estimate of the interface's current
bandwidth in bits per second.
Address
The interface's ATM address.
The Port Status is:
Table 4-17 Port Status
Status
Meaning
Values
Admin Status
The desired state of the
interface. (The port is
enabled/disabled by
software).
Enabled
Disabled
Test
Oper Status
The current operational
state of the interface.
Up
Down
Testing
Unknown
Dormant
Table 4-18 Window Actions:
To:
Select:
Admin Status option menu
Click
Change administration
status of port
Apply
Close window
Close
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Configuring or Viewing Administrative Status of ATM and VLAN Components 4-53
CoreBuilder 7000 Module Parameter and Status Information
CoreBuilder 7000 Module Parameter and Status Information Window is
displayed in Figure 4-19. It shows system and chassis information. This
information is read-only.
Figure 4-19 CoreBuilder Parameter and Status Configuration Assistant
To access the window:
■
■
■
From CoreBuilderx.x.x.x, select IP Address Label and then with the
device view displayed, select Configuration Assistant from the
ATMvLAN menu.
From ATMSwitchx.x.x.x, select the CoreBuilder 7000 module icon and
then with the device view displayed, select Configuration Assistant
from the ATMvLAN menu.
From ATM devices, select the CoreBuilder 7000 module icon and then
with the device view displayed, select Configuration Assistant from
the ATMvLAN menu.
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4-54
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
The System Information is:
Table 4-19 System Information
Parameters
Meaning
Description
A textual description of the SuperStack II
Switch 2700 module.
Sys Oid
Contact
System Object Id. Vendor identification of the
CoreBuilder 7000 module.
The textual identification of the contact
person for this CoreBuilder 7000 module,
with information on how to contact this
person.
Location
The physical location of this CoreBuilder
7000 module.
The Chassis Information is:
Table 4-20 Chassis Information
Status
Meaning
Chassis Type
An authoritative identification of the CoreBuilder 7000
module.
Serial Number
The serial number of this CoreBuilder 7000 module.
Table 4-21 Window Actions:
To:
Select:
Click
Close Window
Close
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Configuring or Viewing Administrative Status of ATM and VLAN Components 4-55
CoreBuilder 7000 Module Sw itch Board Parameters & Status
CoreBuilder 7000 Module.x.x.x.x Parameters & Status Window is
displayed in. It shows the Module Parameters and the Status of a
CoreBuilder 7000 Module.
Figure 4-20 The CB Switch Module Parameters and Status Configuration
Assistant
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4-56
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
To access the window:
■
From a CoreBuilder.x.x.x.x, select Switch Board Module and then with
the device view displayed, select Configuration Assistant from the
ATMvLAN menu.
The Module Parameters are:
Table 4-22 Module Parameters
Parameters
Meaning
Location
Module slot number starting from 1.
Counting starts at the upper-most module.
Type
An authoritative identification of the type of
physical Module in this physical location.
(Switch Board).
S/W Version
H/W Version
Serial
A textual description of the version/revision
for this Module’s software.
A textual description of the version/revision
for this Module’s hardware.
The serial number of the physical Module
present in this physical location.
The Module Status is:
Table 4-23 Module Status
Status
Meaning
The desired state of the
Values
Admin Status
None
module.
Enabled
Disabled
Reset
Load
Test
Oper Status
The current operational
state of the module.
Other
Invalid
Test
Oper
Reset
Warning
nonFatalError
fatalError
Table 4-24 Window Actions:
To:
Select:
Admin Status option menu
Click:
Change administration status of
module
Apply
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Configuring PVCs 4-57
Table 4-24 Window Actions:
To:
Select:
Click:
Close window
Close
Configuring PVCs
To configure Permanent Virtual Channels between ATM devices:
Devices” on page 4-57.
2 Display existing VCs between ATM devices. See “Display Existing VCs” on
page 4-57.
3 Establish new Permanent Virtual Channels. See “Establishing Permanent
Virtual Channels” on page 4-57.
Locate the ATM Devices
To locate the two ATM devices, proceed as follows:
1 Select an ATM Network Map.
2 Select two ATM switches for which the PVC is to be established.
Display Existing VCs
To display existing VCs between two ATM devices:
1 Select the two ATM switches for which the PVC is to be established.
2 Select the Path icon or Path Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu.
The ATM Path Assistant window displayed showing the existing VCs
between the two ATM devices.
Establishing Permanent Virtual Channels
To establish a PVC between the two ATM devices:
1 In the ATM Path Assistant window select VC -> Add PVC.
2 In the VPI-VCI field enter the Virtual Path Identifier/Virtual Channel
Identifier for the new PVC.
Enter the VPI and VCI with a space between them.
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CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
VPI is in the range 0:4 and VCI in the range 64:511
The new PVC is displayed in the window.
Pinpointing Channel Congestion
If you want to locate channel congestion, you can examine the ATM
Paths using the VC Path Assistant. Congestion can be pinpointed to the
To display the VC Path Statistics window for a particular channel from the
VC Path Assistant window select the channel and then select Statistics
from the VC menu.
The VC Path Statistics window appears as in Figure 4-21.
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Configuring PVCs 4-59
Figure 4-21 VC Path Statistics
The VC Statistics window shows the traffic through each link of the trail
in a bar graph. If the traffic is normal, the height of each bar should be
approximately the same. However if the height of successive bars in the
direction of the flow decreases sharply at a certain link, then that
particular link is the source of congestion on the trail.
Virtual Channels You can easily examine Virtual Channels in the Network-Network
Across NNI and UNI Interface (NNI) and User-Network Interface (UNI) even if the icons are
Interfaces located on two different Switch Domain windows.
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CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
To examine Virtual Channels:
1 In the ATM Network window, double click on an ATM Switch Domain
and select Zoom Physical from the ATMvLAN menu.
The Virtual Path window is displayed as shown in Figure 4-22.
2 Select any two ATM devices in the ATM Switch window.
3 Select the Path icon or Path Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu.
The Path ATM Switch window is displayed showing all paths between the
two ATM devices.
.
Figure 4-22 The Virtual Path window
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Configuring PVCs 4-61
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CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS
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NETWORK MODIFICATION TASKS
5
Management network modification tasks.
The following topics are described:
■
■
■
VLAN Moves
Enabling and Disabling Ports
Manual LECS Database Modification
VLAN Moves
There are two types of VLAN moves:
■
moving Ethernet segments between VLANs
■
moving Ethernet segments or devices between policies
Moving Ethernet Frequently, it is necessary to move, or reassign one or more Ethernet
Segments Betw een Segments (Ethernet ports) from one VLAN to another VLAN. This
VLANs operation is required when a port which was previously used by a
member of one group is to be used by a member of a different group.
One example might be transferring a port from a member of the
Engineering VLAN to a member of the Marketing VLAN. Non ATM-based
VLANs are moved in exactly the same way as ATM-based VLANs.
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5-2
CHAPTER 5: NETWORK MODIFICATION TASKS
Several methods are provided for moving Ethernet segments between
■
■
■
Using the VLAN Move Operation
Drag-and-Drop Ethernet Segments Between VLAN Windows.
For the SuperStack II Switch 2700 or CoreBuilder with 7x00 card, see
Drag-and-Drop on Front Panel Window.
■
■
Automatic VLAN Moves Based on Policies.
Moving Ports Between Protocol-based VLANs.
The first two methods work on all VLAN types; the others apply to
specific types of VLANs as denoted. With the first method you can
“aggregate” segments to move many segments at once and you can
move segments to different VLANs at the same time. The second and
third methods are more intuitive and are quicker for moving individual
segments.
Using the VLAN Move Operation
To use the VLAN Move operation:
1 Select the Ethernet segments to be moved in either the VLAN-name
window or the LANE User window.
the ATMvLAN menu select ATMvLAN Move.
You can locate the Ethernet segment icons by stepping down through
windows. Alternatively, if the segment label is known to you, you can use
the HPOV Locate option. see “Locating Ethernet Segments Using the
HPOV Locate Option” on page 5-6.
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VLAN Moves 5-3
To locate Ethernet segments:
1 In the Root window, double click on the Virtual LANs icon or highlight the
icon and from the ATMvLAN menu select Zoom Physical. Alternatively,
you can descend through the LAN Emulation windows to the LANE User
window. See “Using the LAN Emulation Window” on page 5-6.
The Virtual LANs Window is displayed as in Figure 5-1.
.
Figure 5-1 The Virtual LANs window
2 In the Virtual LANs window, double click on the source VN-vLAN_name or
WG-name icon, or highlight the icon and then select the Zoom Physical
from the ATMvLAN menu.
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5-4
CHAPTER 5: NETWORK MODIFICATION TASKS
The VN-vLAN_name window appears as in Figure 5-2, with the Ethernet
segments associated with the selected VLAN displayed.
Figure 5-2 The VN_name window
3 Reposition the VN-vLAN_name window so that it is separate from the
Virtual LANs window.
4 In the VN-vLAN_name window, identify the Ethernet segment icons to be
moved by their IP addresses and port numbers.
The IP Address with the addition of the number of the port to which the
segment is connected identifies the Ethernet segment. The last number in
the segments icon label indicates the port number. For example, the
following icon label indicates that Ethernet segment 100.0.0.0 is
connected to port 6.
Seg.100.0.0.90.6
5 Select the Ethernet segment icons to be moved.
In the HPOV platform, use CTRL/MB1 for multiple selections. You may
also select a rectangle over an area to enclose multiple Ethernet segment
icons using the drag/MB1 feature.
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VLAN Moves 5-5
The port icons, colored brown, are part of the admin VLAN. These icons
cannot be moved from the admin VLAN to other VLANs in SuperStack II
Switch 2700 or CoreBuilder with the 7X00 card units.These ports can be
moved from the admin VLAN to other VLANs in SuperStack II Switch
1000/3000 and Desktop Switches.
6 In the Virtual LANs window, select the destination VLAN.
Be certain to press Ctrl/MB1 when selecting the destination VLAN, so that
Ethernet segments remain selected in the source window.
7 Select the Path Assistant option from the ATMvLAN menu.
The VLAN Move window is displayed, indicating the destination VLAN
name and device and address of the segment moved.
The Ethernet segments are not moved until the Apply button is pressed.
Meanwhile, the icons of the segments turn yellow. At this point you can
select another set of source and destination icons and select the Move
icon or ATMvLAN Move again. Each time you select the Move option, the
new segments are added to the VLAN Move window. See Figure 5-3.
Figure 5-3 The VLAN Move window
8 Repeat steps 5 to 7 until all Ethernet Segments to be moved are listed on
the VLAN Move window.
9 To execute the move, click Apply in the VLAN Move window. To cancel
the move, close the VLAN Move window.
An information box is displayed for each segment moved successfully.
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5-6
CHAPTER 5: NETWORK MODIFICATION TASKS
Using the LAN Emulation Window
1 In the Root window, double click on the LAN Emulation icon or highlight
the icon and select the Zoom icon.
2 Double click on the source LANE User or highlight the icon and select the
Zoom icon.
The LANE User window is displayed with the Ethernet segments
associated with the selected VLAN.
3 Proceed with step 4 as described in the previous section.
Locating Ethernet Segments Using the HPOV Locate Option
A quick way to locate a specific Ethernet Segment in a large system with
many Ethernet Segments is the Network Management Platform (e.g., HP
OpenView) Locate service.
To use the Locate option:
1 In an OpenView window, select Locate->Objects->by_Symbol_Label.
The Locate by Label dialog box is displayed.
2 Type in the Ethernet Segment port address and click Apply.
A list of occurrences of the label in all OpenView Windows is displayed.
3 Highlight the Ethernet segment (port address) you want to locate.
The selected Ethernet segment will be highlighted in the VLAN and/or
LAN Emulation window that is open on your display.
Drag-and-Drop Ethernet Segments Betw een VLAN Window s
The “Drag-and-Drop” method is also available for moving Ethernet
segments between VLANs. With this method you open both source and
destination VN-VLAN-name windows and drag an Ethernet segment
from the source window and drop it into the destination window.
Perform the following steps to use this method. Refer to the previous
method for details:
1 Open the source VN-vLAN_name or WG-name window and locate the
Ethernet segments to be moved by their IP addresses and port numbers.
2 In the VN-vLAN_name or WG-name window, select the Ethernet segment
icons to be moved.
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VLAN Moves 5-7
In the HPOV platform, use CTRL/MB1for multiple selections or select a
the drag/MB1 feature.
3 Open the destination window. You do not need to select anything.
4 Using the middle mouse button, drag the Ethernet segment from the
source VLAN window to the destination VLAN window and release.
The VLAN Move window is displayed. See Figure 5-3.
5 Repeat steps 2 to 4 until all Ethernet Segments to be moved are listed on
the VLAN Move Window.
6 To execute the moves, click Apply in the VLAN Move window. To cancel
the operation close the VLAN Move window.
An information box is displayed for each segment moved successfully.
Drag-and-Drop on Front Panel Window
This method makes it possible to move one or more Ethernet segments
between VLANs using the drag-and-drop technique in a single window.
1 Open either the Superstack II Switch 2700 or CoreBuilder with 7x00 card
Front Panel window. See Chapter 4 for a description on how to access
these windows.
(segments) is displayed. See Figure 5-4 for an example of the SuperStack
II Switch 2700 Front Panel display.
Only VLANs whose names and colors were defined at setup appear on
the front panel VLAN display. Defining VLAN aliases is described
“Configuring VLAN Aliases and Colors” on page 4-21.
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5-8
CHAPTER 5: NETWORK MODIFICATION TASKS
When you toggle on a VLAN name, the lines underneath the ports
become the alias color of the VLAN, thus making it easier to identify the
ports associated with the VLAN.
Figure 5-4 SuperStack II Switch 2700 Front Panel Display
2 Click on the destination Ethernet ports (segments).
You can use the drag/MB1 feature to select a rectangle and enclose
multiple ports. The selected port’s background is displayed in blue. If you
are moving segments to one port only you do not need to perform this
step.
To undo a selection, click on the bottom of the Front Panel Display
window.
3 Using MB2, select the VLAN button on the bottom of the Front Panel and
drag it to the new port number and release (drop).
When selecting the VLAN, a move icon appears, containing a square and
a running figure. Be certain to place the square portion of the icon
directly over the port.
If you drop the destination VLAN on a port which you did not select, the
result will be that the port will be moved along with the selected ports.
The VLAN Move window is displayed.
4 Click Apply.
An information box is displayed for each segment moved successfully.
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VLAN Moves 5-9
Automatic VLAN Moves Based on Policies
In addition to the manual VLAN Move method above, devices can be
The changes are dynamically reflected in the VLAN maps. Policy-based
VLAN Auto-configuration is described in detail in Chapter 4.
Moving Ports The VLAN Move method described in “Moving Ethernet Segments
Betw een Between VLANs” on page 5-1 also works for moving ports between
Protocol-based VLANs protocol-based VLANs in the CoreBuilder 2500 with one important
difference. When the source and destination VLAN are not of the same
protocol type, the port will belong to both source and destination VLAN
after the move is complete. It is moved to the destination VLAN but not
removed from the source VLAN. This behavior takes into account the
possibility that one port can belong to several protocol-based VLANs as
long as they are of different types (two different IP VLANs are considered
to be different types). On the other hand, if the source and destination
VLANs are of the same type, the port will be deleted from the source
VLAN.
Removing a Port from a Protocol-based VLAN
In the event that a port is not removed from a source VLAN subsequent
to a VLAN Move operation, it can be removed by performing the
following:
1 Select the segment(s) to be removed from the source VLAN window.
2 Select the ATMvLAN Move from the ATMvLAN menu.
3 When the VLAN Create window appears select the protocol type
“None.”
For each segment that was selected, a list of VLANs that the segment
belongs to is displayed.
4 For each segment, select the VLANs from which the segment is to be
removed.
A list of all segments to be removed is displayed in the VLAN Move
window.
5 Press Apply on the VLAN Move window.
The segments are removed from the VLANs.
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5-10
CHAPTER 5: NETWORK MODIFICATION TASKS
Local VLANs and
Local VLANs act as “holding” VLANs in the event that LAN Emulation
VLAN Move connectivity is incomplete. Although local VLANs cannot be directly
established by the ATMVLAN manager, they can be activated during a
VLAN Move operation involving ATM-based VLANs.
When Ethernet segments in a device are reassigned to a different VLAN
they are detached from the LEC of the old VLAN and attached to the LEC
of the new VLAN. When the new VLAN already exists in the device, then
the new segments are simply added to the others.
A different situation occurs when the new VLAN does not yet exist in the
device. A new LEC for the new VLAN needs to be established in the
device and that LEC needs to be connected to its LES. This process can
take time and in some cases may not succeed. Meanwhile, the Ethernet
segments to be moved are placed in a local VLAN created to hold them
temporarily. This is signified by a new VLAN icon with the label “Local
VLAN” appearing on the VLAN window. The segments to be moved are
inside the local VLAN icon and will appear on the destination VLAN
display only when the connection to the LES is complete.
Policy-Based Moves Adding a segment or device to a policy results in the enforcement of the
policy on that device. The policies may be configuration policies, security
policies or other predefined policies. Devices or proxies that enforce the
policy continuously follow the following three procedures:
1 Snooping
2 Resolution
3 Configuration
Snooping
The device or proxy enforcing a policy will first snoop the frames going
throughout the device. Snooping allows the device to recognize various
frames or frame contents. This information is then used in the policy
resolution process.
For example: If a segment is assigned to a MAC-based auto-VLAN
configuration policy, the device containing that segment snoops on the
frames originating from behind that segment. After snooping it tries to
resolve the MAC address of the station residing behind that segment.
This information (the source MAC address) is then used to resolve the
VLAN configuration of that port.
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VLAN Moves 5-11
Using the information derived from the snooping procedure, the device
then attempts to resolve something based on the policy it is trying to
enforce. For example, if the policy is a MAC-based auto-VLAN
configuration policy, the device will resolve the MAC address to VLAN
mapping using external services where the mapping information is
stored. This may result in a query to an external server asking for the
VLAN mapping information. This resolution then results in a
configuration change, thus enforcing that policy.
Configuration
Following snooping and resolution, the device enforcing a policy will
make the necessary configuration changes in the device to enforce the
policy.
For example, if a device is enforcing a security policy on a segment, the
device first snoops for the MAC address of the station connected to that
segment. The device then resolves (concludes) if that MAC address is
allowed to use the network. The resolution may be based on a query to
an external MAC address inventory server. If the device resolves not to
allow the endstation to use the network, (if the MAC address is unknown
to the inventory server), the device can configure the port into a
partitioned state, thus enforcing a security policy on that port.
The following configuration policies are available in this release:
■
MAC-based automatic VLAN configuration policy
Segments or devices assigned to this policy automatically are
configured into various VLANs based on a predefined MAC address to
VLAN mapping. This policy can be applied to the CoreBuilder
7x00-series interface cards and SuperStack II Sw itch 2700, 1000,
3000 and Desktop Sw itches w hen used as ATM edge devices.
The MAC address to VLAN mapping information is stored in a
parameter database named MAC Vdb. This database can be
automatically populated with MAC address information by using the
BuildvDB tool. The BuildvDB tool, once activated, automatically builds
an inventory of MAC addresses that exist in the network.
■
MAC-based VLSR
This policy is exactly same as the above MAC based policy but in this
case the MAC address to VLAN mapping is stored in an external VLAN
server parameter database. This policy is to be used when an external
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5-12
CHAPTER 5: NETWORK MODIFICATION TASKS
VLAN server is deployed in the network. This policy is not supported in
this release.
■
IP Subnet based automatic VLAN configuration policy
Segments or devices assigned to this policy will automatically be
configured into various VLANs based on a predefined IP Subnet
address to VLAN mapping. A parameter database called Subnet Vdb
must be created and setup using the Locator Tool prior to using this
policy. This policy can only be applied to CoreBuilder 7x00-series
interface cards and SuperStack II Switch 2700 ports in this release.
■
Null Policy
policies. Once segments or devices are placed in the Null Policy, the
original policy is no longer enforced on that device or segment.
Performing ATM and VLAN Policies Map
Policy-based VLAN
Moves
The ATM and VLAN Policies Map, see Figure 5-5, is used for managing
the logical connectivity of end-users or segments through Virtual LANs
based on predefined policies. The ATM and VLAN Policies Map displays a
set of policies and the segments or devices assigned to each policy.
Each policy icon represents a predefined policy to which various segments
and devices in the network may be assigned. Once a segment or a device
is assigned to a policy via a simple move mechanism, the device
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Enabling and Disabling Ports 5-13
associated to the segment (or another proxy device) will enforce the
policy on that device or segment.
Figure 5-5 ATM and VLAN Policy Map
You can move segments from one policy to another using the same
operations as the VLAN Move. See “Moving Ethernet Segments Between
VLANs” on page 5-1.
For a more detailed description, see “Configuring Policy-based VLAN
Auto-configuration” on page 4-24.
Enabling and
You can enable or disable ports from each device front panel display.
Disabling Ports
1 Double click on the port or select ATMvLAN Configuration Assistant. The
appropriate Configuration window appears.
2 Toggle on Enable or Disable.
3 Click Apply for changes to take effect.
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5-14
CHAPTER 5: NETWORK MODIFICATION TASKS
Manual LECS
Database
Modification
The Manual LANE Redundancy Configuration Assistant is used for
manually modifying a specific LECS database, to enable a backup LES, or
to re-enable a primary LES when the backup is enabled. This
configuration assistant allows the operator to manage manual LANE
redundancy.
The failed LES is located according to its address by scrolling the ELAN IDs
window and the backup LES is activated by clicking on its radio button.
Manually Modifying LANE Redundancy
You can modify the database of an LECS that was not automatically
changed by the LANE monitor using the Manual LANE redundancy
Assistant.
To modify the database:
1 From the LAN Emulation window or Topology Browser select the
Backbone and Service icon or branch.
2 From the ATMvLAN menu select Zoom Physical. The Backbone and
Services window is displayed.
3 Select the LECS which contains the database you want to modify.
4 Select the Configure Assistant option from the ATMvLAN menu. The
Manual LANE Redundancy window is displayed. See Figure 5-6.
Figure 5-6 The Backbone and Services Configuration Assistant/Manual LANE
Redundancy
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Manual LECS Database Modification 5-15
Each ELAN contains two entries of LES addresses.
6 Click Apply to update the database.
Manual LANE Redundancy operates on only one LECS at a time. You can
select the LECS in the Topology Tool or in the Backbone and Services map.
The Automatic LANE redundancy monitor, see page 4-14, must be
disabled and then restarted after manually fixing the LECS database.
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5-16
CHAPTER 5: NETWORK MODIFICATION TASKS
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NETWORK TROUBLESHOOTING
TASKS
6
■
■
■
■
■
■
LANE Level Troubleshooting
ATM Network Level Troubleshooting
Virtual LANs Level Troubleshooting
Path Assistants for Identifying Connectivity and Performance Problems
Color Status and
Propagation
An extensive context status notification scheme is supported in the ATM
and VLAN Management software.
The same network event may cause different status on different logical
maps/icons. For example, an LEC that cannot join its LES is considered a
critical event in the LAN Emulation Map and not necessarily a fault in the
ATM or Device map. The severity depends on the context or the logical
domain. Colors propagate upwards to the parent icon, so that the next
highest level window’s color is influenced.
There are high-end platform-configured icon status colors defined for
Transcend icons. Each status has a default color that can be changed by
the user.
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6-2
CHAPTER 6: NETWORK TROUBLESHOOTING TASKS
The icon statuses are listed in Table 6-1 according to the severity of the
fault.
Table 6-1 Color Coding Key
Status
Color
Critical
Red
Major
Orange
Yellow
Green
Brown
Blue
Minor
Normal
User-definable
Unknown
Device Level
Table 6-2 indicates operating statuses of the ATMvLAN Device icons.
Troubleshooting
Table 6-2 Color Key For Root Window and Devices
Status
/Color
Map
Icon
Status Cause
Root
Each icon reflects highest priority status of maps below it.
ATMvLAN Devices CoreBuilder, Switch
2700, 7X00, Switch
X000,CoreBuilder
Critical
Does not respond to SNMP.
5000, CoreBuilder
2500/6000, and
LANplex
2016/5000
Major
Minor
There is a hardware problem
in the device.
There are device ports which
are enabled but in down
state.
Normal
Device operating normally.
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LANE Level Troubleshooting
6-3
LANE Level
Table 6-3 indicates operating statuses of the ATMvLAN Device icons
Troubleshooting
Table 6-3 Color Key for LANE Level
LAN Emulation All icons reflect highest priority status of maps below it.
Backbone and LES
Services
Critical
Not defined for this version
Major
Minor
Does not respond to SNMP
There is a user-defined name for
this VLAN ID, but there is no LEC
connected.
Brown
Normal
Critical
There is no LEC connected.
In operational state.
LEC
The LEC is not connected to the
LES. It may be in join, configure or
LECS connect state.
Major
Does not respond to SNMP
In initial state
Minor
Normal
Major
In operational state.
LECS
Does not respond to SNMP
Enabled but not active.
Minor
Unknown
The LES is enabled but the LECS is
disabled on the CoreBuilder device.
Normal
Critical
Enabled and operational.
LANE User
LEC
The LEC is not connected to the
LES. It may be in join, configure or
LECS connect state.
Major
Minor
Normal
Major
Does not respond to SNMP.
In initial state
In operational state.
Segment
The device connecting this segment
does not respond to SNMP.
Brown
The first segment on the device
may appear in this status. All other
segments on the device are
operating normally.
Unknown
Device (all segments) operating
normally.
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6-4
CHAPTER 6: NETWORK TROUBLESHOOTING TASKS
ATM Netw ork Level
Troubleshooting
Table 6-4 indicates operating statuses of the ATM and VLAN Network
icons.
Table 6-4 Color Key for Network icons
ATM Network
Switch Domain
Critical
Major
Minor
One or more of the lower
level devices has an error of
highest severity
One or more of the lower
level devices has a hardware
problem.
One or more lower level
devices has device ports
which are enabled but in
down state.
Normal
Device operating normally.
ATM Switch
Domain
This icon shows the highest priority status of the edge devices
below it.
Virtual LANs Level
Troubleshooting
Table 6-5 indicates operating statuses of the ATM and VLAN Network
icons.
Table 6-5 Color Key for Virtual LANs Icons
Virtual LANs
Virtual LAN
Critical
Major
The LES is in major state.
One of the devices
configured to use this VLAN
does not respond to SNMP.
Minor
Brown
There is a user-defined name
for this VLAN ID but there is
no LEC connected.
There is no segment
connected.
VLAN
LES
Critical
Major
Not defined for this version.
Does not respond to SNMP.
Minor
Brown
There is a user-defined name
for this VLAN ID but there is
no LEC connected.
There is no LEC connected.
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Virtual LANs Level Troubleshooting
6-5
Table 6-5 Color Key for Virtual LANs Icons
Normal
Major
Device operating normally.
Segment
The device connecting this
segment does not respond
to SNMP.
Brown
The first segment on the
device may appear in this
status. All other segments on
the device are operating
normally.
Unknown
Device (all segments)
operating normally.
Identifying VLAN After the redundancy in the LAN Emulation Server has taken effect, the
Splits LAN Emulation Clients (LECs) are moved to the backup services. There
may be circumstances where some of the LAN Emulation Clients (LECs)
remain connected to the primary LAN Emulation Server (LES) and are not
moved to the backup LES. This condition creates a VLAN (ELAN) split. The
VLAN split is caused because several LAN Emulation Clients (LECs)
belonging to the same ELAN are bound to different LAN Emulation
Servers. The split may occur when a LAN Emulation Server(LES) fails and
the NMS changes the LAN Emulation Configuration Server database.
Indications in the VLAN Map
You can see the indication of the VLAN split in the VLAN Map when the
icon for the primary VLAN (ELAN), with respect to the backup, is still
green. This condition indicates that LAN Emulation Clients are still
attached.
Under normal circumstances only one ELAN either primary or backup,
should be green.
Indications in the Backbone and Services Window
You can see the indication of a VLAN split in the Backbone and Services
window as different LAN Emulation Clients (LECs), belonging to the same
ELAN, are bound to both the primary and backup LAN Emulation Server
(LES) of an ELAN.
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6-6
CHAPTER 6: NETWORK TROUBLESHOOTING TASKS
To unify the split VLANS:
■
Check that all the LAN Emulation Configuration Servers have the
same LAN that is displaying the split.
■
Using the Network Management Station, move the ports displayed in
the primary VLAN to a temporary VLAN. Move the ports from the
temporary VLAN into the backup VLAN.
Empty ELANS in the network are indicated with a brown color key.
Path Assistants for
Identifying
Connectivity and
Performance
Problems
You can use the ATM and VLAN Management Path assistants to display
the paths ATM devices and between network elements that are part of
LAN Emulation.
LE Path Assistant The LE Path Assistant allows you to select any two LE Clients or two LAN
segments and to obtain the following information:
■
■
■
■
Address resolution through the LE Server
Control distributed path (direct)
Multicast forward addressing through the BUS
Data direct path
The Path Assistant displays the corresponding segment, its proxy client, its
LE services ATM address, and assists in verifying that the connections are
viable.
To access the LE Path window, in the Topology Browser, click on two ATM
Switches and then click on the Path icon.
ATM Path Assistant The ATM Path Assistant allows you to select any to ATM UNI or NNI
endpoints across the network and to see the physical path as well as the
VCCs established between the two endpoint. The following information
can be obtained from this assistant window:
■
The physical path including all the intermediate switch nodes and the
physical link between them
■
■
The ports at the ends of the physical links
The VCCs established between the end points
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Path Assistants for Identifying Connectivity and Performance Problems 6-7
The ATM path assistant also allows you to setup PVCs between the
selected endpoint.
Tracing a VC Path To trace a VC Path between two ATM nodes perform the following tasks:
Betw een Tw o ATM
■
Select two ATM end nodes in the Topology or management maps, and
then select the Path icon.
End Nodes
Tracing the LAN To trace the LAN Emulation control VCCs between two LANE clients
Emulation Control perform the following steps:
VCCs Betw een Tw o
LANE Clients
1 In the LAN Emulation Map or branch entry in the Topology Browser, select
two LECs attached to the same LES.
2 Select the Path icon.
The LE-Assist window is displayed showing the control VCCs between the
two LECs and the LANE services (LES/BUS).
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6-8
CHAPTER 6: NETWORK TROUBLESHOOTING TASKS
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NETWORK PERFORMANCE
MEASUREMENT TASKS
7
■
Measuring Network -wide ATM Traffic Performance Using the
■
■
■
■
Measuring Device Level Performance
Displaying Port Level Statistics
LANE Component Statistics
Switch Domain Statistics
Measuring Netw ork
-w ide ATM Traffic
Performance Using
the Bandw idth Icon
The Bandwidth icon opens the NNIx (Network Node Interface Traffic) Tool
that graphically displays the traffic patterns between ATM switches in the
network. It can be configured to collect, display and store information
about good or bad (error cell) traffic patterns across the network.
The NNIx Tool can be configured to collect traffic information between
two or more ATM switches. The ATM switches can be selected from a file
browser type selector window called NNIx Browser which lists all the ATM
switches in the network hierarchically based on Enhanced IISP address
structure. Selected ATM switches can be added to the NNIx Map using
the Hide (plus) Button. The Show Subtree (double plus) button can be
used to add the entire ATM switch hierarchy (a root switch and all the
switches below it). Upon adding switches to the NNIx map, the NNIx tool
automatically starts collecting traffic information on the NNI links
between the switches and the in and out traffic of each ATM switch.
The Configure option under the map menu of the NNIx map can be used
to customize the NNIx tool.
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7-2
CHAPTER 7: NETWORK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TASKS
The historical data collected and stored by the NNIx tool can be graphed
viewed as line graphs, pie charts and bar graphs.
The following sections describe the various components of the NNIx tool
as well as how to configure the tool for historical data collection.
The NNIx Tool is composed of two windows: the NNIx Browser and the
NNIx Map.
NNIx Brow ser The NNIx Browser lists all the ATM switches in the network. The NNIx
Browser is used to select a switch, or multiple switches and add to the
NNIx map.
Figure 7-1 The NNIx Browser
You can also select a hierarchy of switches to add or delete from the NNIx
map display. You may open several maps simultaneously for display, but
only one map may be active at a time. The active map is indicated with
three asterisks on the window title bar.
The convention used for active windows is not a highlighted title bar. The
NNIx Browser must be open to display NNIx maps. To exit the application,
close the NNIx Browser.
To display the switch hierarchy in the NNIx Browser
■
Double click on an ATM Switch entry in Browser list.
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Measuring Network -wide ATM Traffic Performance Using the Bandwidth Icon
7-3
To select a switch for display on the active NNIx Map
1 Click on the ATM Switch entry in the NNIx Browser.
2 Click on the Show (plus) icon.
To select a switch hierarchy for display on the active NNIx map
1 Click on the ATM Switch entry in the NNIx Browser.
2 Click on the Show Subtree (double plus) icon.
Once the switches are added to the NNIx map, data collection starts
automatically.
To delete nodes from the NNIX Map:
SIn the NNIx Browser, select the node and then select the “-” icon
or
in the NNIx Map, select the nodes and then select Map -> Delete Node.
Select Map -> Clear All to clear all the nodes from the Map.
NNIx Map The NNIx Maps display the traffic patterns on the ATM switches. Each
NNIx map is given a unique consecutive number. After you close a map,
and open a new map, the map receives the first available number of the
map that was closed. For example, Maps 1, 2 and 3 are created. Map 2 is
closed. The new map will receive the number 2.
Figure 7-2 NNIx Map
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CHAPTER 7: NETWORK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TASKS
Each ATM switch is displayed as a circular icon which is also a pie chart
representing the in and out UNI traffic corresponding to that switch. The
upper 1/2 portion of the pie represents the maximum percentage of
speed of the out traffic and is colored red.The lower portion of the circle
represents the maximum percentage of speed of the in traffic and is
colored magenta.
The IP address of the switch is labeled below a switch icon.
The lines between the switch icons represents the NNI links and the traffic
load on each link is dynamically updated and is represented by a unique
color. The links are color coded according to the following legend:
0-5% White
5-10% Yellow
10-20% Green
20-40% Blue
40-100% Red
The legend information can also be viewed by selecting the Map Legend
option under the Map menu of the NNIx map.
To display the node configuration:
Select the switch in the NNIx Map and then select Node Configuration.
The following static parameters of the switch are shown:
■
■
■
name
IP address
ATM address
Configuring and
The NNIx tool has a very rich set of configuration and customization
Tool Configuration option in the Map menu of the NNIx Map.
The Configuration and Customization window contains the following
tabs.
■
Map Configuration Tab
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Measuring Network -wide ATM Traffic Performance Using the Bandwidth Icon
7-5
■
■
■
■
NNIx Traffic Polling Configuration Tab
Communication Configuration Tab
History Configuration Tab
Simulation Configuration Tab
Map Configuration Tab
The Map Configuration tab allows you to configure the radius of the
switch icon as well as the layout of the map itself. See See Figure 7-3..
Figure 7-3 The NNIx Configuration Map Tab
The Switch Radius sub-option allows you to modify the switch icon
radius. The recommended radius is 24, the default is 16.
The automatic map layout sub-option allow you to select one of the
following three layout options:
Disabled - Disables the automatic map layout
Rectangular - The map icons are laid out in a rectangle.
Circular - The map icons are laid out in a circle.
The Max% Traffic option allows you to set the maximum percentage
traffic rate represented on a NNI link.
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7-6
CHAPTER 7: NETWORK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TASKS
NNIx Traffic Polling Configuration Tab
The NNIx Polling Configuration tab allows you configure the polling
interval for data collection of the NNIx Tool. See Figure 7-4.
Figure 7-4 The NNIx Polling Configuration Tab
The following 3 sub-options are available:
■
■
■
Map Enable - Check to enable or disable the dynamic updating of
traffic on the NNIx map.
Chart Enable - Check to enable or disable the dynamic updating of
node and link performance charts.
Polling, Seconds: Allows you to select a polling interval for data
collection.
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Measuring Network -wide ATM Traffic Performance Using the Bandwidth Icon
7-7
Communication Configuration Tab
The Communication Configuration tab allows you configure the type of
data that is monitored and collected. See Figure 7-5.
Figure 7-5 NNIx Communication Configuration Tab
■
■
Good - configures the NNIx tool to collect data on Good Cells.
Bad - configures the NNIx tool to collect data on Bad Cells such as
Errored (BIP etc.), un-recognized ATM Cells.
You must restart the NNIx tool for the changes to take effect.
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7-8
CHAPTER 7: NETWORK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TASKS
History Configuration Tab
This History Configuration tab allows you to enable data archiving and
also set the storage interval. See Figure 7-6.
Figure 7-6 The NNIx History Configuration Tab
When History is enabled, polled data is archived into log files in the
\TranscendNT\ATMvLAN\runtime\logs directory.
The historical link and node data can be graphed using the History menu
option in the NNIx Map.
While viewing a graph, a portion of the graph can be zoomed in on by
selecting it with the left mouse button. Press the “R” key to Zoom out.
Simulation Configuration Tab
The Simulation Configuration Tab sets the NNIx tool into a data
simulation mode that displays random traffic patterns on the links and
nodes. See The number of Switch Nodes can also be also selected.You
must re-start the NNIx tool to set it into Simulation mode.
The simulation mode is useful for understanding and using the NNIx tool
when no live network traffic or network devices are available.
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Measuring Network -wide ATM Traffic Performance Using the Bandwidth Icon
7-9
Figure 7-7 The NNIx Simulation Configuration Tab
How to Graph Live When the NNIx tool is running Link and Node level traffic can be graphed
Link and Node data using the Node performance and Link Performance menu options. This
information can be viewed as bar charts, pie charts or cumulative pie
charts.
To graph data from all links in the same graph:
■
Select either the Bar, Pie or Cumulative Pie option from the Link
Performance menu in the NNIx Map.
To graph data from all nodes in the same graph:
■
Select either the Bar, Pie or Cumulative Pie option from the Node
Performance menu in the NNIx Map.
To graph individual links or nodes:
■
Select a link or node from the NNIx Map and then select either the Bar,
Pie or Cumulative Pie option from the Link or Node Performance
menu in the NNIx map.
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7-10
CHAPTER 7: NETWORK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TASKS
The bar graph shows the total in/out traffic percentages relative to the
switches maximum capacity for a node or link.
Figure 7-8 The NNIx Bar Chart
The pie chart shows the percentage of in versus out traffic for a node or
link.
Figure 7-9 The NNIx Pie Chart
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Measuring Device Level Performance 7-11
The cumulative pie chart shows the combined throughput percentages of
in traffic and the combined throughput percentages of out traffic for
nodes and links.
Figure 7-10 The NNIx Cumulative Pie Chart
Measuring Device
Level Performance
The Performance Statistics windows display performance statistics for
different objects in the ATM Network. The Performance Statistics
windows are “live;” that is, there are updated automatically by
continuous polling of the system. An object can be device (for example a
Switch 2700 or CoreBuilder module), device port (Ethernet or ATM),
Emulated LAN entity (LEC or LES) or Virtual Channel. The windows use
history graphs, bar charts, pie charts and dials to display the performance
information. A sliding selector allows you to set the Polling interval. To
access these windows select the Graph Assistant option from the
ATMvLAN menu.
History Graph
The history graph has the following features:
Slide bar: Enables display of previous samples.
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CHAPTER 7: NETWORK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TASKS
Toggle legend: Clicking the middle mouse button while the cursor is
located inside the history graph will cause the legend to be hidden and
the graph to be widened. The widened display contains the same
information but is now easier to read. Another click on the middle mouse
button restores the original state.
Individual sample display: Clicking the right mouse button while the
cursor is located inside the history graph will enter the individual sample
display mode. This mode is indicated by the appearance of a cross-hair
cursor.
Position the cross-hairs at a desired point on the history graph and click
on the left mouse button. The detailed information about this sample
point will be displayed on the lower left corner of the graph. This
information includes sample number, sample time, sample graph and
sample value.
Clicking on the right mouse button while in the individual sample display
mode to return to the normal display mode.
Displaying Statistics To display statistics:
1 Select a network element in the management maps or, in the
Component View of the Topology Browser, select a network element
component.
2 Select Graph Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu.
The CoreBuilder performance statistics window is displayed as in
Figure 7-11.
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7-14
CHAPTER 7: NETWORK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TASKS
Displaying Port
Level Statistics
To display port level statistics:
1 Select a port from within the SuperStack II Switch 2700 branch of the
Component View of the Topology Browser, or select a port on the front
panel display of the SuperStack II Switch 2700 branch.
2 Select Graph Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu. See Figure 7-12.
Figure 7-12 SuperStack II Switch 2700 Port Statistics Window
The window shows statistics of the message traffic through selected
Switch 2700 Ethernet port. The Switch 2700 Ethernet Port Statistics are
as follows:
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Displaying Port Level Statistics 7-15
Traffic History graph through the port in frames per second. Four
separated sub-graphs are in the performance window:
Table 7-1 Traffic Graphs
Graph
Meaning
inGood
inError
All valid frames received at the port
Errored frames received at the port
All valid frames transmitted from the port
Errored frames transmitted from the port
outGood
outError
Utilization Dial graph of utilization of maximum bandwidth (10Mbps)
of the port.
Total Frames Pie chart showing the distribution of all received and
transmitted frames broken down according to the following:
Table 7-2 Total Frames
Graph
Meaning
inGood
inError
All valid frames received at the port
Errored frames received at the port
All valid frames transmitted from the port
Errored frames transmitted from the port
outGood
outError
Good Frames Pie chart showing the distribution of valid received and
transmitted frames according to the following:
Table 7-3 Good Frames
Graph
Meaning
inUcast
Unicast frames received at the port excluding discards
inNonUcast
Broadcast and multicast frames received at the port
excluding discards
outUcast
Unicast frames transmitted from the port including
discards
outNonUcast
Broadcast and multicast frames transmitted from the
port including discards
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7-16
CHAPTER 7: NETWORK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TASKS
Errored Frames Pie chart showing the distribution of errored received
and transmitted frames according to the following:
Table 7-4 Errored Frames
Graph
Meaning
inDiscards
Frames received at the port but discarded for internal
reasons
inErrors
Frames received at the port but discarded due to errors
inUnknown
Frames received at the port but discarded due to
unknown protocols
outDiscards
outErrors
Frames discarded from being transmitted from the port
for internal reasons
Frames discarded from being transmitted from the port
due to errors
LANE Component
Statistics
The LANE Component Statistics allow you to measure the performance of
LAN Emulation Services and LAN Emulation Clients in the network.
You can display statistics for the following LAN Emulation Services:
■
■
■
LES
LEC
LANE User
LES Performance The LES performance statistics see Figure 7-13, allow you to see the type
of load that exists on the LAN Emulation Services and to use this
information for load balancing when required.
The LES Performance Statistics are as follows:
Data History graph of transmission rate of Broadcast and Unknown
data (BUS) in Emulated LAN.
Data Utilization Utilization of the transmission rate of the BUS service
relative to the maximum possible.
Control Frames Pie graph of quality of LE ARPs and other LAN
Emulation control frames handled by LES.
Errored Control Frames Pie graph of errored control frames.
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LANE Component Statistics 7-17
Data/Control Octets pie graph of the ratio between LES transmission
rate and BUS transmission rate.
To display performance statistics for the LAN Emulation Services:
1 Select an LES icon from the management maps or an LES device
component in the Component View of the Topology Browser.
2 Select Graph Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu.
Figure 7-13 LES Graph Assistant
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7-18
CHAPTER 7: NETWORK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TASKS
LEC The LEC Graph Assistant, see Figure 7-14, shows statistics of the message
traffic through the LEC. The LEC Statistics are:
Data frames/sec History graph of the transmission rate of data frames
through the LEC.
Data Frames Pie graph of the distribution of different types of data
frames through the LEC.
Data Utilization Utilization of LEC data transmission rate relative to
the maximum possible rate.
Control frames/sec History graph of the transmission rate of control
frames through the LEC.
Control Frames Pie graph of the ratio of transmission of different
types of LEC control frames.
Data/Control Frames Pie graph of the ratio between LEC data frame
transmission and LEC control frame transmission.
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LANE Component Statistics 7-19
To display performance statistics for an LAN Emulation Client:
1 Select an LEC icon from the management maps or an LEC device
component in the Component View of the Topology Browser.
2 Select the Graph Assistant option from the ATMvLAN menu.
Figure 7-14 LEC Graph Assistant
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7-20
CHAPTER 7: NETWORK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TASKS
LANE User The LANE User statistics parameters graph see Figure 7-15, displays a
group of statistics per LEC. The display shows the in traffic and out traffic
on the LEC and its segments. These graphs use the Transcend common
grapher tool. You may select to display all or part of the LEC groups in the
LANE User statistic.
To display performance statistics for an LEC:
1 Select the LANE User icon from the management maps or a LANE User
device component in the Component View of the Topology Browser.
2 Select the Graph Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu.
Figure 7-15 Statistic of LANE User Group Window
To zoom into one or more of the graphs:
Double click on the graph. See Figure 7-16.
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7-22
CHAPTER 7: NETWORK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TASKS
Sw itch Domain
Statistics
1 Select the ATM switch icon.
2 Select Graph Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu.
Figure 7-17 displays the Graph Assistant for the CoreBuilder.
Figure 7-17 Graph Assistant for the CoreBuilder switch
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SUPPORTED DEVICES
A
This appendix describes the devices and system software supported for
the ATM and VLAN Management application.
Table A-0 Supported Devices
Device
Description
CoreBuilder 7000/HD
CoreBuilder 7000 is an ATM switch, used in
an ATM network and serves as an LE
services entity as well.
CoreBuilder 7200, 7400, 7600
CoreBuilder 7200, 7400, 7600 are
CoreBuilder platform modules. They allow
legacy LAN to ATM connectivity. The 7200
and 7400 are Ethernet modules and the
7600 is a Fast Ethernet module. The
module’s port can be segmented into
different vLANs and be part of different
ELANs. The connectivity to the backbone is
ATM based.
Superstack II Switch 2700
TheSuperStack II Switch 2700 is an Edge
device.It allows Ethernet switching and
connectivity from Ethernet to ATM. It can
be segmented into multiple bridges to allow
virtual LANs. The virtual LAN is ATM LE
based.
SuperStack II Switch 2000TR
SuperStack II Switch 1000
SuperStack II Swtich 2000 is a token ring to
ATM edge device and supports token ring
LAN Emulation. It can be used for
connecting token ring end stations to an
ATM switch backbone.
SuperStack II Switch 1000 is an edge device.
It allows Ethernet switching and connectivity
form Ethernet to Fast Ethernet and Ethernet
to ATM. It can be segmented into multiple
bridges to allow virtual LANs. The virtual
LAN is both encapsulated based when
connected to Fast Ethernet Backbone or
LAN Emulation when connected to ATM
Backbone.
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A-2
APPENDIX A: SUPPORTED DEVICES
Table A-0 Supported Devices
Device
Description
SuperStack II Switch 3000
SuperStack II Switch 3000 is a Fast Ethernet
switch. It allows Fast Ethernet switching and
connectivity form Fast Ethernet to ATM. It
can be used as a Backbone switch to
connect multiple LS1000 devices, thus
creating a FE/Ethernet network. It can be
segmented into multiple bridges to allow
virtual LAN. The Virtual LAN is both
encapsulated based when connected as Fast
Ethernet Backbone or LAN Emulation when
connected to ATM Backbone.
CoreBuilder 2500
CoreBuilder 2500 is a high end switch. It
allows Ethernet, FDDI, Fast Ethernet
switching and connectivity form legacy LANs
to ATM. It also allows routing to fulfill the
function of routing between vLAN as well as
IP, IPX and other protocol routing. The FDDI
connectivity allows it to be the FDDI
backbone edge switch. It can be segmented
into multiple bridges to allow virtual LANs.
The virtual LAN is LAN Emulation based
when connected to the ATM Backbone.
CoreBuilder 5000 Switch Modules The CoreBuilder 5000 device is a
Multifunction hub. It is an Ethernet, FDDI
HUB and has the switching capability of
ATM, and Ethernet. It also allows
connectivity form legacy LAN to ATM. It can
be segmented into multiple bridges to allow
virtual LANs. The Virtual LAN is LAN
Emulation based when connected to ATM
Backbone.
CoreBuilder 4000/CoreBuilder
5000 Switch
CoreBuilder 4000 is an ATM switch, used in
an ATM network and serves as an LE
services entity as well.
Netbuilder II
NetBuilder II is a high perfromance
multi-protocol router for LAN and WAN
environments. In the ATM and VLAN
environments it can be used as an inter
VLAN one-armed router connected to the
ATM backbone.
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TROUBLESHOOTING
B
System Problems
The following system problems can arise during a session:
Icons Present at Problem:
Startup
The Enterprise VLAN icons are already present in the Root window
when the application is started. The reason is that HPOV was previously
terminated abnormally. Note: this problem is not applicable when using
the Save Map option.
Action:
Select the Enterprise VLAN icons in the Root window and then select
Edit-> Delete-> From All Submaps to remove the icons.
Window Not Problem:
Generated
A Configuration, or Graph window does not open after being
requested. The initialization message window remains indefinitely on
the screen.
Action:
Restart the Enterprise VLAN Management application.
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B-2
APPENDIX B: TROUBLESHOOTING
Problem Starting the Problem:
Application
If you are having problems starting the application or discovering
devices, you can enable the error log feature of the Enterprise VLAN
application.
Action:
Generate an application error log. To activate the log you need to
create a file in : "\TranscendNT\ATMvLAN\runtime\cnf\" directory named
"atmvlan.dbg" .
Enter the following two lines:
all
end;
in the file.
The log files will be created in the
"\TranscendNT\ATMvLAN\runtime\log\" with the name StdError.txt and
StdOut.txt .
Note:Do not leave this option o. The StdError.txt and StdOut.txt do not
have a maximum size limit.
Set Operation Failed Problem:
SNMP set operation failed.
Action:
Be certain that you are using the correct SNMP set community. Check
network connectivity.
Slow System Startup
Problem:
The Enterprise VLAN icons do not appear in the Root window after
starting up the application. It may take between 5 to 20 minutes for
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System Messages
B-3
the icons to appear and the application to startup. This situation occurs
when the station has a defined DNS and cannot reach it.
Action:
Remove the DNS definition or check how the station can reach the
DNS. This is a system problem due to the DNS definition.
Slow System Startup
Problem:
The Enterprise device icons are displayed at a slow rate (one by one) in
the Enterprise Devices window.
Action:
Clear the HP OpenView database. This problem occurs when the HP
databases are overloaded. Refer to the HPOV documentation.
System Messages
The following are the system messages that may appear on the screen
together with their meaning and suggested action for you to take. The
messages are displayed in a special dialog box. Three types of messages
are displayed: informational, warning, and error.
The following Motif symbols are used:
i - info
! - warning
0 - error
Message
Level
Meaning
Action
Table B-1 System Messages
Message
Type
Meaning
Action
General: Help utility is not available in info
this version.
None
General: Busy, Cannot open new
window. Wait until previous operation
is completed.
error
User attempted to open an
application while the previous is completed.
application is still opening.
Wait until previous operation
General: Cannot close window while
it’s initializing. Wait until window is
open and then close it.
warning
Wait until window is open
and then close it.
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B-4
APPENDIX B: TROUBLESHOOTING
Table B-1 System Messages
Message
Type
Meaning
Action
ATMvLAN Devices Configuration:
Invalid IP address
error
Change IP address.
ATMvLAN Devices Configuration:
Invalid Community string
error
error
Change Community string.
VirtualLANs Configuration: No VLAN
IDs found. Operation aborted.
Application needs LAN
Emulation Services (LES) and
they are not defined on the
Network
Enable at least one LES and
then try again
VirtualLANs Configuration: Cannot
open file VnRgb for writing:
error
Change file writing
permissions.
permission denied. Operation aborted.
VirtualLANs Configuration: No blanks warning
allowed in VLAN name. The VLAN will
be [truncated name].
Re-enter VLAN name.
VirtualLANs Configuration: VLAN must warning
have its VLAN ID as one its names.
Name not deleted.
VLAN Move: Trying to move LEC
segment - [segment number] - to
WorkGroup - [WorkGroup]. Segment
skipped
warning
warning
error
Select a different VLAN.
Select a different VLAN.
VLAN Move: Trying to move
WorkGroup segment - [segment
number]- to - ELAN/[VLAN]. Segment
skipped.
VLAN Move: Select segments from
one device only. Operation aborted.
You cannot create a local
VLAN on more than one
device in one action. Use a
separate Move command for
each device.
VLAN Move: Operation completed
successfully for device - [device IP
address]
info
None
VLAN Move: No P2C found in device - error
[device IP address]. Device skipped.
Check the P2C card.
VLAN Move: SNMP GET error - [SNMP error
status]- in device -[device IP address].
Device skipped.
Wait for the ATMVLAN maps
to refresh. Check the VLAN
maps for results of the
previous operation and then
retry.
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System Messages
B-5
Table B-1 System Messages
Message
Type
Meaning
Action
VLAN Move: SNMP SET error - [SNMP error
status]- in device -[device IP address].
Device skipped.
Wait for the ATMVLAN maps
to refresh. Check the VLAN
maps for results of the
previous operation and then
retry.
VLAN Move: No available LECs left in error
device - [device IP address]. Device
skipped.
Remove one or more VLANs
from the device. To remove,
use the VLAN Move operation
and move all the device
segments from the VLAN.
VLAN Move: Cannot find LEC in
device [device IP address]. Device
skipped.
error
Reset CoreBuilder 2500/6000
or LANplex 2016/5000 and
retry the operation. If you do
not succeed, you may have a
problem with your device.
VLAN Move: Cannot create LEC - No error
ATM card in device [device IP address].
Device skipped.
Check the ATM card.
VLAN Move: Cannot move to VLAN - error
[VLANID] in device - [device IP
address]. Might create two VLANs that
This move operation is
intended to the create a new following actions:
VLAN. Because of a mismatch
between the current and
config VLANs in the device,
creating the desired VLAN
might result in two VLANs
that use the same ELAN.
You may perform one of the
1
Define the “admin” and
use the same ELAN. Device skipped.
the “default” VLANs in the
VirtualLANs Configuration
window.
2
3
4
Reset device to synchronize
the current and config
VLANs.
Using the LMA, remove
non-existing VLANs from
the device.
Verify that the desired
VLAN is using its primary
ELAN.
Polling: SNMP GET Error - [SNMP
status] - in device - [device IP
Address]. Polling aborted.
error
Restart polling.
None
Polling: SNMP GET timeout in device
[device IP address]. Retrying.
info
VC Path Assistant: VC list is full in
device - [device IP address]. Operation
aborted.
error
No space to define new PVC. Delete some VCs and try
again
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B-6
APPENDIX B: TROUBLESHOOTING
Table B-1 System Messages
Message
Type
Meaning
Action
VC Path Assistant: SNMP SET error -
[SNMP status] - in device -[device IP
address]. Operation aborted.
error
Retry operation
VC Path Assistant: SNMP GET error - error
[SNMP status] - in device -[device IP
address]. Operation aborted.
Retry operation
VC Path Assistant: Invalid VPI/VCI pair error
- [vpi-vci]. Operation aborted.
Re-enter vpi vci
Re-enter vpi
Re-enter vci
Re-enter entry
None
VC Path Assistant: Invalid VPI - [vpi].
Operation aborted.
error
error
error
info
VC Path Assistant: Invalid VCI - [vci].
Operation aborted.
VC Path Assistant: Invalid entry -
[entry value]. Operation aborted.
VC Path Assistant: AAL5 parameters
setting window is not available in this
version.
VC Path Assistant: Traffic parameters info
setting window is not available in this
version.
None
None
LECS Configuration: SNMP SET error - error
[SNMP status] - for LECS - [lecs].
Operation aborted.
Backbone Services Configuration:
ELAN ID changed for LES [LES ATM
address]. Remove this address from
LECS before you can use the new ID.
warning
Remove the address and
re-open the window.
Backbone Services Configuration:
Cannot find ELAN ID for backup
address of ELAN ID - [ELAN ID].
Changing backup to default.
warning
None
Backbone Services Configuration:
Cannot delete (ELAN) because admin
uses it. No ELANs deleted.
warning
warning
warning
None
None
None
Backbone Services Configuration:
Cannot delete (ELAN) because default
uses it. No ELANs deleted.
Backbone Services Configuration:
Cannot delete (ELAN) because it’s the
backup of admin/backup [VLAN]. No
ELANs deleted.
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System Messages
B-7
Table B-1 System Messages
Message
Type
Meaning
Action
Backbone Services Configuration:
SNMP SET error - [SNMP status] - for
CoreBuilder - [device IP address].
CoreBuilder skipped.
error
None
Backbone Services Configuration:
LECS DB is not synchronized. Make
sure to synchronize it using this
window.
warning
error
Synchronize the DB.
None
Backbone Services Configuration:
SNMP GET error - [SNMP status] - for
LECS - [device IP address]. Operation
aborted.
VLAN Creation: Must enter VLAN ID. warning
Operation stopped.
Re-enter VLAN ID.
Re-enter VLAN ID.
VLAN Creation: No blanks allowed in warning
VLAN ID. Operation stopped.
VLAN Creation: [network number]
must be a valid IP Address. Operation
aborted.
error
Re-enter network number.
Re-enter network mask.
VLAN Creation: [network mask] must error
be a valid IP Address. Operation
aborted.
VLAN Server: VLAN Server is not
defined. Use "VLAN Server Setup” to
define it.
warning
Define the VLAN Server IP
address and try again.
VLAN Server: SNMP GET error - [SNMP error
status] - in Server - [device IP address].
Operation aborted.
None
LECS Configuration: LECS is not
enabled. Operation aborted.
error
None
None
LECS Operation: SNMP GET error -
[SNMP status] - for LECS - [device IP
address] Operation aborted.
error
LECS Operation: Cannot find LES ATM error
address for alias - [alias]. Operation
aborted.
Reset the LECS CoreBuilder to
the factory default and restart
the operation.
LECS Operation: Cannot find ELAN ID warning
for alias - [alias]. Changing [alias] to
[first ELAN in the list].
None
MEDP is not running
error
Start the MEDP Poller. Select
Start-> Programs-> Transcend
ATMvLAN -> ATMVLAN Poller.
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B-8
APPENDIX B: TROUBLESHOOTING
Table B-1 System Messages
Message
Type
Meaning
Action
PDP is not running
error
Start the PDP Poller. Start->
Programs-> Transcend
ATMvLAN -> ATMvLAN PDP
Locator - All fields are empty
error
Locator cannot process
request since all fields were
empty.
Fill in at least one field of
data.
Locator - Field <Field Name> is
incorrect
error
Incorrect entry in Field Name
Correct the entry.
Locator -Error during writing to file
"<File Name>"
error
Locator - Values are incorrect
error
From VLAN Server setup,
Check the VLAN Server entries
in the VLAN Server tab
Locator - New row will be added to
Database .Are you sure? Yes,Cancel
warning
warning
warning
Locator - Row will be deleted from
Database. Are you sure?,Yes,Cancel
Locator - Row will be replaced in
Database. Are you sure? Yes,Cancel
Locator - Database will be saved. Are warning
you sure? Yes,Cancel
Locator - Changes in Database were
not saved. Save and Exit, Exit without
Saving,Cancel
warning
Locator - Changes in Database were
not saved. Save,Don't Save,Cancel
warning
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ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT
BASICS
C
An Introduction to
ATM and VLAN
In 1986, the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) formed a
study group to explore the concept of a high-speed, integrated network
Management Basics that could uniformly handle voice, data, and a variety of other services.
This resulted in BISDN, or the Broadband Integrated Services Digital
Network. BISDN services require high-speed channels for transmitting
digitized voice, data, video, and multimedia traffic. Asynchronous
Transfer Mode (ATM) is the switching and multiplexing technology for
supporting BISDN services.
One of the greatest challenges in defining ATM was to determine a
structure that could efficiently handle any type of traffic. Such a structure
must accommodate a variety of bit rates and support bursty
communications, since voice, data, and video traffic all exhibit bursty
behavior.
Packet-switching has been the technology of choice for bursty data traffic
because it consumes bandwidth only when traffic is present. Traditional
packet-switching mechanisms cannot achieve the performance and
speed required for real-time, two-way traffic. ATM overcomes this
limitation by offering fixed-length packets. Each ATM packet, called a cell,
consists of a 48-byte payload and a 5-byte header. Fixed-length ATM cells
offer several advantages:
■
■
■
Networking and switching queuing delays are more predictable with
fixed-length data cells.
It is less complex and more reliable to process ATM cells than
variable-length packets.
Fixed-length cells allow cell-relay switches to process cells in parallel,
for speeds that far exceed the limitations of bus-based switched
architectures
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C-2
APPENDIX C: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT BASICS
ATM Basics ATM uses short, fixed-length packets called cells. The first five bytes of
each cell, the header, contain the information necessary to deliver the cell
to its destination.
The fixed-length cells offer smaller and more predictable switching delays
as cell switching is less complex than variable-length packets and can be
accomplished in hardware for many cells in parallel. Having all data in the
same cell format speeds transmission dramatically by obviating the need
for protocol recognition and decoding. A good analogy is containerized
shipping, where uniform shape and weight of containers and
standardized labeling considerably ease and quicken processing.
The cell format also allows for multiprotocol transmissions. Since ATM is
protocol-transparent, the various protocols can be transferred at the
same time. With ATM, one line can carry phone, fax, video, data and
other information simultaneously. This multiprotocol advantage also
offers scalability, greatly reducing the configuration changes necessary for
adding a new traffic type to your network.
The Role of Edge Devices
All ATM traffic-handling decisions are based on the information in the
destination header, not on the content of the cell payloads. To move
traffic through the ATM network, devices at the boundary or edge of the
network convert non-ATM traffic streams into cells. The addition of new
traffic types requires only a new edge device, deployed where the
demand for such traffic exists.
ATM is a connection-oriented transport service. With only five bytes of
header, an ATM cell cannot carry the full destination address for each cell.
Instead it uses an abbreviated address, called a virtual channel identifier,
that provides enough information to establish a connection between two
ATM stations. Once a connection exists through the ATM network,
communications can ensue.
Legacy LANs employ connectionless transmission technology based on
48-bit addressing. This edge devices must have some way of adapting
existing network protocols, such as IP and IPX, to the connection-oriented
cell-switching paradigm.
ATM provides the User Network Interface (UNI) which is typically used to
interconnect an ATM user with an ATM switch that is managed as part of
the same network, as well as the Network-to-Network Interface (NNI)
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An Introduction to ATM and VLAN Management Basics C-3
which is typically used to interconnect two ATM switches managed as
part of the same network.
■
The UNI is the physical interface between the user and the network.
A private UNI consists of a private end-point to private switch
interface, whereas a public UNI is typically used to interconnect an
ATM user with an ATM switch deployed in a public service provider’s
network.
■
The Network-to-Network Interface (NNI) defines the ATM switch
(network) to ATM switch (network) interface. It is also known as a
private NNI (P-NNI) when the switches are not part of a WAN. NNI
allows multiple switches to be interconnected in arbitrary topology
and still work as one network.
ATM is based on a layered architecture. In the protocol stack, the ATM
layer sits directly above the physical layer. Many physical layers can be
specified, including several for 100 to 155 Mbps. The ATM adaptation
layer (AAL) sits above the ATM layer. LAN Emulation (LE) sits above the
AAL5 in the protocol hierarchy.
ATM Sw itching
ATM switching is performed at the ATM layer by defining virtual
channels. Cells are switched through the network based on the cell
header, therefore the routing is done for every cell and hence the virtual
channel.
Virtual Channels
Virtual channels are communications channels that provide for the
sequential, unidirectional transport of ATM cells. Multiple virtual channels
can exist on a physical link. There are two types of virtual channels:
Virtual Path Connection (VPC) and Virtual Channel Connection (VCC). A
VPC is a collection of VCCs (see Figure C-1).
A VCC extends between two end-points in the network and is uniquely
identified by the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual Channel Identifier
(VCI) values. It is also called a point-to-point VCC. A VPC extends
between two end-points in the network and may contain multiple VCCs.
VPCs are uniquely identified by the VPI value. VPCs and VCCs can be set
up either dynamically via signalling or permanently via management.
The VPI/VCI is only meaningful in the context of the given interface. The
combination of the VPI/VCI values allows the network to associate a given
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C-4
APPENDIX C: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT BASICS
cell with a given connection, and therefore it can be routed to the right
destination. Identical VPI/VCI combinations may exist on different
interfaces.
The VPI is a bundle of VCs. Individual VCs have unique VCI values, but the
VCI values may be reused in each VP.
Figure C-1 Virtual Path/Channels Connections
Two levels of virtual channels are supported at the UNI:
■
A Virtual Channel Connection (VCC) that consists of a single
connection established between two ATM end-points.
■
A Virtual Path Connection (VPC) that consists of a bundle of VCCs
carried transparently between two ATM end-points.
Connections can be established via management (Permanent Virtual
Channels) or dynamically (Switched Virtual Channels).
Permanent Virtual Channels (PVCs) This most basic connection
setup requires the definition of each connection by management (for
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An Introduction to ATM and VLAN Management Basics C-5
example, SNMP). Permanent connections generally remain established for
long periods of time. These connections are not dynamically checked and
reinitiated.
The major features of a PVC include:
■
■
■
■
Connections initiated by network administrator.
Connections established and released manually.
Long-term duration connections.
Both point-to-point and point-to-multipoint connections can be
established.
Sw itched Virtual Channels (SVC) An SVC dynamically defines
connections as they are needed and releases them when complete, using
signaling complying with ATM Forum UNI standards. By using an SVC,
ATM devices (for example, a LAN Emulation UNI and an ATM switch) can
exchange connection characteristics (for example, QOS, VPI/VCI) when
establishing connections. These connections remain active for an arbitrary
amount of time and depend upon application demand. Both
point-to-point and point-to-multipoint connections can be established.
An SVC eliminates the need for an external management station for
setting up virtual channels.
The major features of an SVC include:
■
■
■
■
Connections established and released dynamically.
Connections established via the signalling protocol.
Varied connection duration.
Table C-2 compares SVC and PVC connections.
Table C-2 Comparison of SVC and PVC
SVC
PVC
Demand connections
Permanent connections
Not automatically re-established
after network failure
Automatically re-established after
network failure
Remain active for arbitrary amount Remain active for long periods of
of time time
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C-6
APPENDIX C: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT BASICS
Table C-2 Comparison of SVC and PVC
SVC
PVC
Supported by signaling standard
Supported by MIB or other
management entity
Integrated ATM/Ethernet Sw itching
ATM Backbone Netw ork When Ethernet LANs are connected through
a conventional switching hub or backbone, the bandwidth provided is
restricted to the data rate of the Ethernet or FDDI technology running on
it. If, instead, the Ethernet LANs are connected through an ATM
backbone switch - creating an integrated ATM/Ethernet network - the
bandwidth bottleneck is opened up and performance is increased across
the combined network. The Ethernet switches pass only those messages
whose sender and receiver are in separate Ethernet LANs to the ATM
Switch, thereby reducing the message traffic on the combined system.
Furthermore, the high-speed switching rate and efficient time-utilization
of ATM are responsible for the high throughput of the ATM/Ethernet
network system.
The ATM/Ethernet network system also opens new possibilities in
network design. Instead of being restricted to LANs, whose users are
connected by a physical cable, new efficient LANs can be created which
cross physical LAN boundaries. The sophisticated address handling of
ATM allows related users in separate physical LANs to be effectively
grouped into a common broadcast domain called a Virtual LAN. Virtual
LANs are described in the next section.
Virtual LAN Basics Just as an Ethernet LAN enables a group of stations to communicate
efficiently on a common physical bus, so new networking technology
such as ATM makes it possible for stations on different LANs to
communicate with almost the same efficiency, even when separated by
great distances. This allows network managers to group remote stations
that need to communicate frequently into a common high-bandwidth
broadcast domain called a Virtual LAN. For example, marketing
department personnel who happen to work in different physical locations
could be formed into one Virtual LAN and engineering department
personnel into another. The term “Virtual LAN” is used because
communicating stations continue to transmit and receive as though they
were on the same physical Ethernet LAN. In this manual, the abbreviated
expression “VLAN” is used for a Virtual LAN.
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An Introduction to ATM and VLAN Management Basics C-7
In practice, it is not the individual LAN stations that are formed into
VLANs but rather the physical Ethernet LANs, called Ethernet segments,
that are grouped into VLANs. Thus, all stations on an Ethernet segment
will be on the same VLAN. Also, since an Ethernet segment is connected
to the network through an Ethernet port in an edge device, the Ethernet
port itself is sometimes referred to as a member of the VLAN.
Advantages A Virtual LAN, as opposed to an Ethernet LAN, has the great advantage
of being very easy to manage from a central location. Stations are added
or removed from Virtual LANs by software without regard to their
location, there is no need to change physical connections.
The organization of the network into VLANs also reduces congestion
from broadcast frame transmissions. Broadcast frames are now sent only
to members of the same VLAN instead of to all stations on the network.
Virtual LANs also offer network security for their members. Because
transmissions do not normally cross from one VLAN to another, a VLAN
will remain immune to transmission problems or congestion that may
occur in another VLAN in the network.
VLAN Types According to the enabling technology, VLANs are divided into three types:
ATM-based VLANs, tag-based VLANs and protocol-based VLANs. In the
following sections each of these VLAN types is discussed. These Virtual
LAN types are implemented in 3Com products as follows:
Table B-1 VLAN Types in 3Com products
VLAN Type
3Com Product
ATM-based
CoreBuilder 7000
CoreBuilder 7X00
SuperStack II Switch 2700
CoreBuilder 5000
SwitchModule
Tag-based
SuperStack II Switch
1000/3000
Protocol-based
CoreBuilder 2500/6000
These three VLAN types are discussed in the following sections.
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C-8
APPENDIX C: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT BASICS
ATM-based VLANs
When the enabling technology is ATM, the VLAN is referred to as an
ATM-based VLAN. An ATM-based VLAN is built around an ATM network
structure called an Emulated LAN.
LAN Emulation The main objective of the LAN Emulation (LE) is to
enable existing applications to access an ATM network via protocol stacks
as if they were operating over traditional LANs. LE enables data
networking protocol software to benefit from high-speed ATM
networking without modification. Legacy end stations can use LE to
connect to other legacy systems, as well as to ATM-attached servers,
routers, switches and other networking devices. LE is completely
independent of upper-layer protocols, services, and applications.
Because LE is implemented in edge devices and end systems, it is
completely transparent to the ATM network and to legacy LAN devices.
LE masks the connection setup and handshaking functions required by
the ATM switch. In addition, it maps the MAC address-based networking
protocols into ATM virtual channels. The ATM network appears to
function like a connectionless LAN.
LAN Emulation Components An Emulated LAN (ELAN) is composed
of a set of LAN Emulation Clients (LECs) and a single LAN Emulation
Service, consisting of LAN Emulation Server (LES), and Broadcast and
Unknown Server (BUS). In addition there is also a LAN Emulation
Configuration Server (LECS) that services all the Emulated LANs that exist
in the ATM network. Refer to Figure C-3.
One or more Emulated LANs can run on the same ATM network. Each
Emulated LAN is independent of the others and there is no direct
communication across Emulated LAN boundaries.
An ATM-based VLAN is simply an ELAN together with all Ethernet LANs
attached to the LECs of the ELAN.
LAN Emulation
Client (LEC)
The LAN Emulation Client is the entity in end systems (e.g., a Super Stack
II Switch 2700 module) which represents the member Ethernet LANs and
performs data forwarding, address resolution, and other control
functions. If the LEC is attached to an Ethernet bridge, rather than
directly to a Ethernet LAN, the LEC acts as a proxy to MAC addresses of
Ethernet LANs attached to the bridge. Also provided is a MAC-level
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An Introduction to ATM and VLAN Management Basics C-9
emulated Ethernet service interface to higher level software which
implements the LAN Emulation User-to-Network Interface (LUNI).
LAN Emulation
Configuration Server
(LECS)
The LAN Emulation Configuration Server implements the assignment of
individual LAN Emulation Clients to different emulated LANs. When a LEC
initializes, it establishes connection to the LECS. Based on its own policies,
configuration database and information provided by clients, the LECS
assigns any client which requests configuration information to a
particular emulated LAN service by giving the client the LES’s ATM
address. This method supports the ability to assign a client to an
emulated LAN based on either the physical location (ATM address) or the
identity of a LAN destination which it is representing (ELAN name).
LAN Emulation
Server (LES)
The LAN Emulation Server implements the control coordination function
for the emulated LAN. The LAN Emulation Server provides a facility for
registering and resolving MAC addresses to ATM addresses. Clients may
register the LAN destinations they represent with the LAN Emulation
Server. A client will also query the LAN Emulation Server when the client
wishes to resolve a MAC address and/or route descriptors to an ATM
address in a process called LE Address Resolution Protocol (LE_ARP). The
LAN Emulation Server will either respond directly to the client or forward
the query to other clients and then forward the client response. In an SVC
environment, the LES responds directly to the LE_ARP to enable an LEC to
locate the BUS.
Broadcast and
Unknown Server
(BUS)
The Broadcast and Unknown Server handles the following:
■
■
■
Data sent by a LAN Emulation Client to the broadcast MAC address.
All multicast traffic.
Initial frames which are sent by a LAN Emulation Client before the
data direct virtual channel to the ATM address has been resolved.
All broadcast, multicast and unknown traffic to and from a LAN
Emulation Client passes through a single BUS.
The BUS also handles ATM connections and manages its distribution
group.
Virtual Channel
Connections (VCC)
Figure B-1 Communication among LAN Emulation Clients and between LAN
Emulation Clients and the LAN Emulation Service is performed over ATM Virtual
Channel Connections (VCCs). Each LAN Emulation Client must communicate
with the LAN Emulation Service over control and data VCCs. Emulated LANs
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C-10
APPENDIX C: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT BASICS
operate in a Switched Virtual Channel (SVC),Permanent Virtual Channel (PVC), or
mixed SVC/PVC environment.
Figure C-3 LAN Emulation Components
Admin and Default VLANs
Two special purpose ATM-based VLANs are established automatically by
the system, the Network Administration VLAN and the Default VLAN.
The Netw ork Administration VLAN To control the ATM Network and
receive status information from it, the Transcend ATM and VLAN
Manager requires SNMP connectivity to each device in the network at all
times. In the SuperStack II Switch 2700 module, a special VLAN (“admin”
VLAN) is dedicated to efficiently implement this connectivity in a way that
is not affected by changes in the network. The initialization procedure
described in this chapter establishes such an Admin VLAN.
It is possible for the Transcend ATM and VLAN Manager to operate
without a dedicated Network Administration VLAN. To manage the
devices, the device must have an IP address configured to one of the
bridge groups and the device must be reachable directly via a router. If
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An Introduction to ATM and VLAN Management Basics C-11
the configuration is such, the network manager should ensure that IP
connectivity to the device is not affected by VLAN moves.
The Default VLAN When an ATM edge device is initialized, a single
VLAN called the default VLAN is created automatically and all ports of
the device are assigned to it.
In the SuperStack II Switch 2700 module, the Admin VLAN is also used as
the Default VLAN when the SuperStack II Switch 2700 is first initialized.
All ports are initially assigned to the Admin VLAN to ensure that they
have connectivity to the network. The Network Administrator can then
move the ports to another VLAN. At least one port must remain in the
Admin VLAN if the device is to be reached for management purposes.
Non-ATM VLANs
VLANs can be created on non-ATM based switches by using either
packet-tagging or packet-filtering (policy-based) techniques. The
Superstack II Switch 1000/3000 uses the packet-tagging mechanism.
VLAN management in the Superstack II Switch 1000/3000 system is
supported by a “VLAN Server” - a database which stores and retrieves
information about station VLAN membership.
The CoreBuilder 2500/6000 uses packet-filtering. The CoreBuilder
2500/6000 can link up with Emulated LANs to create policy-based Virtual
LANs “over ATM.” The following sections describe both these VLAN
mechanisms.
Tag-based VLANs
In tag-based VLANS, as employed by the Superstack II Switch 1000/3000,
ports can be grouped across multiple switches to form a single broadcast
domain. Packets within each VLAN group are tagged with a unique
identifier. The switches segment the traffic using these identifiers. Each
Superstack II Switch 1000 can support up to 16 VLANs and you can have
more than 16 VLANs in your entire network by connecting the 16 Switch
VLANs to other VLANS using a router.
Virtual LAN Trunk VLANs can be defined in a single switch unit or can span several Switch
units. When a VLAN spans two switch units, they are connected using
backbone ports. The tagging method, described below, makes it possible
for a single backbone port to carry the traffic for all VLANs defined in a
switch. In that case, the backbone port is referred to as a Virtual LAN
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C-12
APPENDIX C: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT BASICS
Trunk (VLT). A VLT port in one switch unit must be connected only to a
VLT port in the second switch unit so that the traffic can be switched to
the correct VLAN.
Tagging To distinguish between data frames belonging to different
VLANS which are sent over a common VLT between two switch units,
frame tagging is employed. Each frame which is sent along the VLT is
tagged with a VLAN identifier.
The tag is added to the frame (encapsulated) by the transmitting switch
port and is removed by the receiving switch port, restoring the original
frame. Alteration of the original frame only occurs in transmissions
between switch devices and is not propagated to the rest of the network.
Protocol-based VLANs
Protocol-based
vLANS
In the LANplex 2500/6000, VLAN membership is based on a set of
policies, or criteria, for grouping users.
Protocol-based VLANs group one or more switch ports together for a
specified network layer 3 protocol, such as IP or AppleTalk. These VLANs
make flooding decisions based on the network layer protocol of the
frame. In addition, for IP VLANs, you can also make flooding decisions
based on layer 3 subnet address information.
Protocol-sensitive VLANs allow the restriction of flood traffic for both
routable and non-routable protocols. They have a relatively simple
configuration comprising one or more protocols and groups of switch
ports. These protocol-sensitive VLANs operate independently of each
other and are simple to configure.
One port in multiple
Additionally, the same switch port can belong to multiple VLANs. For
example, you could have port 1 on a LANplex assigned to several IP
subnet VLANs, plus one IPX VLAN, one AppleTalk VLAN, and one NetBIOS
VLAN. In a multiprotocol environment, protocol-sensitive VLANs can be
very effective for controlling broadcast and multicast flooding.
VLANs
Protocol Suite
The protocol suite describes which protocol entities can comprise a
protocol-based VLAN. For example, LANplex VLANs support the IP
protocol suite, which is made up of the IP, ARP, and RARP protocols.
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Protocol-based vLANS C-13
Table C-1 on Table C-1 lists the protocol suites that the LANplex supports,
as well as the protocol types included in each protocol suite.
Table C-1 Protocol Suite Protocol Types
Protocol Suite
IP
Protocol Types
IP, ARP, RARP
IPX IPX
Novell
AppleTalk
Xerox
DDP, AARP
XNS XNS IDP, XNS Address
Translation, XNS Compatibility
DECnet
DEC MOP, DEC Phase IV, DEC LAT,
DEC LAVC
SNA
SNA Services over Ethernet
VINES Banyan
Banyan
X25
X.25 Layer 3
NetBIOS
NetBEUI I
Default
NetBIOS
NetBEU I
Default (all protocol types)
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C-14
APPENDIX C: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT BASICS
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GLOSSARY
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode. A transmission protocol that segments
user traffic into small, fixed size cells. Cells are transmitted to their
destination, where the original traffic is re-assembled.
AAL ATM Adaptation Layer. A set of protocols that translate user traffic
from higher-layer protocols into ATM format.
Backbone The main segment of a campus network, to which are attached
department networks, or ribs.
Broadcast A common method of information transmission in which every port on
the network receives the packet being sent, though only the port with
the proper address passes it on to the user.
Bridge Device connecting between two networks which filters and forwards
data between the networks according to their destination address.
BUS Broadcast and Unknown Server. ATM Forum defined specifications in
support of LAN-to-LAN connectivity, called LAN Emulation. BUS defines
that set of functions implemented in an ATM Network that provides
LAN-to-LAN transmission support while a LAN connection is being
established. It also supports LAN broadcast service.
Cell An ATM Layer protocol data unit (PDU) characterized by fixed, rather
than variable, length payloads.
Connection-oriented A form of packet-switching that requires a predefined circuit from
Communications source to destination to be established before data can be transferred.
ELAN Emulated LAN - Set of ATM Forum-developed specifications in support
of LAN-to-LAN bridged connectivity over an ATM Network.
Ethernet A CSMA/CD, 10 Mbps, local area data network, developed by Xerox
Corporation. It is one of the most popular baseband LANs in use.
Ethernet Port A port of a LinkSwitch to which an Ethernet Segment is connected.
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2
GLOSSARY
Ethernet Segment A group of end-users connected by Ethernet that is connected to a
port of a LinkSwitch.
IP Internet Protocol. The protocol governing packet forwarding within the
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite of
standards developed and used on the Internet.
IP Address Internet Protocol address. A unique identifier for a machine attached to
a network made up of two or more interconnected local area or wide
area networks.
LAN Local Area Network. A data communications network spanning a
limited geographical area, such as a single building or campus. It
provides communication between computers and peripherals. LANs are
distinguished by their small geographical size, high data rate, and low
error rate.
LEC LAN Emulation Client. ATM Forum defined specifications in support of
LAN-to-LAN connectivity. called LAN Emulation. LEC defines that set of
functions implemented in a LAN edge device (DTE) to interface with an
ATM Network in support of LAN Emulation.
LES LAN Emulation Server. ATM Forum defined specifications in support of
LAN-to-LAN connectivity, called LAN Emulation. LES defines that set of
functions implemented in an ATM Network in support of LAN
Emulation.
LECS LAN Emulation Configuration Server. ATM Forum defined specifications
in support of LAN-to-LAN connectivity, called LAN Emulation. LECS
defines that set of functions implemented in an ATM Network that
provides edge device with information regarding the location of the
other LAN Emulation Services.
LE ARP LAN Emulation Address Resolution Protocol. The LE ARP is a request for
address resolution from a LE Client to the network in order to get an
ATM address of another client for connection establishment.
MIB Management Information Base. A database of network management
information that describes the specifics of individual network
components.
NNI Network-to-Network Interface. The interface between two network
nodes. The NNI is a protocol that allows connection between ATM
switches to form a multiple switch network.
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3
Netw ork Window-based data-base tool for Network Management, e.g., SunNet
Management Manager, HP OpenView, NetView/6000
Platform (NMP)
Netw ork Workstation from which the Network is managed using the Network
Management Station Management System
Netw ork Application of Network Management Platform for a specific Network.
Management System Runs on the Network Management Station.
(NMS)
P-NNI Private Network-Node Interface. Set of ATM Forum developed
specifications for the interface between two ATM nodes in the same
network.
PVC Permanent Virtual Channel. A virtual channel connection that has been
established manually, in advance of its need.
SmartAgent Software embedded in LinkSwitch or CELLplex units which
communicates with and passes device information to the Network
Management System.
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol. A protocol originally designed
to be used in managing TCP/IP internets. SNMP is presently
implemented on a wide variety of computers and networking
equipment and may be used to manage many aspects of network and
end-station operation. The standard protocol used by the ATM
Manager to request management data from a managed device.
SVC Switched Virtual Channel. A virtual channel connection that has been
established.
UNI User-Network Interface. ATM Forum developed specification for the
procedures and protocol between a user equipment and the ATM
Network to effectively utilize ATM services and capabilities.
VCI Virtual Channel Identifier. Part of the identifier of a particular virtual
circuit in the ATM fabric.
VPI Virtual Path Identifier. Part of the identifier of a particular virtual circuit
in the ATM fabric.
VLAN Virtual LAN. A network configuration in which users communicate
using LAN protocols as if they were on the same physical LAN, but in
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4
GLOSSARY
fact they are on physically separate segments. A virtual LAN acts as a
broadcast domain.
VPI Virtual Path Identifier. A field in a cell header which identifies the
specific virtual path on which the cell is traversing on the current
physical circuit.
VCI Virtual Channel Identifier. A field in a cell header which identifies the
specific virtual channel on which the cell is traversing on the current
physical circuit.
VC Virtual Channel. Each physical circuit in an ATM Network is
pre-configured with some number of virtual paths. Each virtual path
may support many virtual channels. Neither VPs or VCs are assigned
any dedicated bandwidth.
TEM UNIX Transcend Enterprise Manager for UNIX.
TEM Window s Transcend Enterprise Manager for Windows
UI User Interface
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ATM switches 7 -2
ATMvLAN Devices Map 3 -3
ATMvLAN Toolbar 3 -15
INDEX
devices 1 - 3
automatic map layout 7 -5
A
AAL
autoselect mode 4 -26
AAL5 C - 3
parameters B - 6
Active LECS table 1 - 40
active/enabled
4 -6
backbone network
ATM C - 6
LECS 1 - 11
adding devices 4 -4
address resolution
LEC C - 8
address space
admin VLAN C - 10
aliases and colors
VLAN 4 -21
ARP C - 12
ageing time 4 -42
quality of 7 -16
assistants 3 -16
ATM
bad traffic
NNIx 7 -7
bar graph
NNIx 7 -10
broadcast
domain C - 6
frames C - 9
backbone network C - 6
basics C - 2
functions C - 9
cell definition C - 2
infrastructures 1 - 1
network history C - 1
switch connectivity 3 -12
switch topology 3 -12
switching C - 3
in emulated LAN 7 -16
tranmission rate utilization 7 -16
cell
ATM C - 2
Console) 2 -5
ATM and VLAN Network Manager
startup procedure 2 -10
ATM and VLAN tools 2 -1, 3 -15
ATM Device Manager Map 1 - 4
ATM network
basic concepts C - 2
ATM Network Map 1 - 7, 3 -11, 3 -12
features 1 - 8
channel
on ATM maps 3 -12
pinpointing congenstions 4 -58
clear all
nodes from map 7 -3
color coded legend
NNIx 7 -4
color status propogation 6 -1
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2
INDEX
colors and aliases
VLAN configuration 4 -21
community
names 2 -3
setting 2 -3
Community String 1 - 37
configuration
VLAN
definition C - 11
definition
ELAN 2 -7
LECS C - 9
LES C - 9
Configuration Assistant icon 1 - 27
configuration parameters
LEC 4 -42
NNI C - 3
P-NNI C - 3
SVC C - 5
UNI C - 3
VCC C - 4
configuring
Virtual LAN 2 -7
deleting devices 4 -4
device configuration
measuring performance 7 -11
troubleshooting 6 -2
IP address 2 -2
NNIx Tool 7 -4
configuring and customizing
NNIx 7 -4
congestion
connectivity
edge device 3 -12
IP 2 -3
adding 4 -4
discovering manually 4 -2
modifying 4 -4
verifying IP 2 -3
conventions
example 2 -6
notice icons 10
text 10
CoreBuilder 1 - 17
ATM port
switch board
CoreBuilder 4000 2 -1
CoreBuilder 7000 1 - 36, 2 -1, 2 -3, 2 -7
ATM Switch 2 -7
Emulated LAN 2 -7
layer 2 2 -9
guidelines for LES 2 -7
CoreBuilder ATM Switch module 1 - 7
Cross Reference icon 1 - 7
cumulative pie chart 7 -11
customize
ATM and VLAN Management Application 2 -10
VLAN colors and aliases 2 -11
customizing
equipment conventions 11
frames through port 7 -15
integrated ATM switching C - 6
port
utilization 7 -15
segment
drag and drop on front panel 5 -7
identifying using HPOV Locate option 5 -6
moving between VLANs 5 -1
moving using drag and drop between VLAN
windows 5 -6
NNIx Tool 7 -4
D
default
traffic through port 7 -14
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INDEX
3
examining
virtual channels across NNI 4 -59
switch 7 -4
verifying connectivity 2 -3
IP map 2 -3
F
Fast Ethernet 2 -9
Fast Setup Wizard 1 - 36
frame tagging
VLAN C - 12
frames
L
components
broadcast C - 9
multicast C - 9
unicast C - 9
BUS C - 9
FSetup Tool 1 - 36
overview C - 8
protocols 2 -7
tracing VCCs between LANE clients
in Wizard Tool 6 -7
G
Gigabit Ethernet topology 1 - 19
Gigabit Network Map 1 - 18
global subnet 2 -6
good traffic
features 1 - 10
NNIx 7 -7
Graph Assistant icon 1 - 27
graph assistants 3 -17
grapher tool 7 -20
LAN Emulation Server, see LES
LANE
configuration 4 -5
clients 4 -12
redundancy
H
Help icon 1 - 28
hierarchy of ATM switches 7 -2
history
modifying 4 -13
redundancy preconditions 4 -11
ATM network C - 1
graph 7 -11
HPOV 1 - 2, 2 -5
planning and setup 4 -9
LANE services
monitoring 1 - 11
LANE User
I
identifying
Ethernet segments
IP address 5 -4
statistics 7 -20
LE
identifying VLAN splits 6 -5
in/out UNI traffic 7 -4
integrated ATM Ethernet switching C - 6
IP
configuring address 2 -3
IP address
path assistant 3 -17
LE Client
configuring 2 -2
connectivity 2 -3
determining subnet address 2 -2
identification 5 -4
in CoreBuilder
configuration parameters 4 -42
identifier 4 -43
state 4 -42
LE Server
configuring 2 -2
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4
INDEX
data 7 -16
statistics 7 -16
LECS database 5 -14
measuring
network-wide ATM traffic
NNIx 7 -1
LEC 2 -7, 2 -8, 4 -12, 4 -15
LECS 2 -7, 4 -13
devices 4 -4
active state 4 -7
disabled 4 -7
enable state 4 -7
drag and drop on front panel 5 -7
using Move option 5 -2
ports between protocol-based vLANS 5 -9
redundancy 4 -15
select 4 -7
48
frames C - 9
BUS C - 9
LES 2 -7, 4 -13
automatic recovery 4 -12
definition C - 9
failure 4 -13
parameters 4 -44
Netscape 1 - 26
NMS 2 -2, 2 -3, 2 -4, 2 -8
configuring 4 -17
primary 4 -14
status parameters 4 -44
LES/BUS 2 -7
link failure
between two switches 3 -12
link fault 3 -12
NNI 3 -12
definition C - 3
in ATM C - 2
local VLANs 5 -10
Locator Tool 1 - 30, 4 -23
NNI links in NNIx 7 -4
bad traffic 7 -7
M
color coded legend 7 -4
good traffic 7 -7
MAC addresses
LEC as a proxy C - 8
LES resolution C - 9
MAC Vdb database population
manual 4 -30, 4 -34
History Configuration Tab 7 -8
Map Configuration Tab 7 -5
Polling Configuration Tab 7 -6
Simulation Configuration Tab 7 -8
Traffic Polling Configuration 7 -6
NNIx Bar Chart 7 -10
management maps 1 - 4
Manual Device Discovery 4 -4, 4 -5
configuration assistant 3 -16
Manual Device Discovery Tool 4 -2
Manual Discovery Configuration Assistant 4 -2
Manual Discovery Setup Window 4 -3
Manual LANE Redundancy 4 -14
NNIx Browser 7 -2
NNIx Map 7 -3
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NNIx Pie Chart 7 -10
NNIx Tool
polling stations 2 -5
populating
configuring and customizing 7 -4
NNIx tool 7 -1
Non-ATM VLANs
port parameters 4 -46
mediationd.cnf 2 -13
noplatdis.cnf 2 -13
protimeout.cnf 2 -13
protocol based
VLANs
non-ATM C - 11
nterswitch Interim Signalling Protocol 1 - 28
O
ONcore Switch Module 2 -1, 2 -3, 2 -8, 2 -9
Oper Status 4 -44
overview
VLAN C - 12
protocol stack
P
AAL C - 3
packet filtering capabilites
LANplex C - 12
ATM layer C - 3
physical layers C - 3
proxy 5 -10
packet-filtering C - 11
packet-tagging C - 11
Pan 1 - 25
parameters and status
CoreBuilder 4 -53
Ethernet port 4 -45
path assistant
PVC
features C - 5
redundancy order 4 -7
resolution 5 -10
LE 3 -17
Path Assistant icon 1 - 28
performance
route redundancy 4 -11
ATM/Ethernet network C - 6
device level 7 -11
Permanent Virtual Channels see PVC C - 4
protocol stack C - 3
P-NNI
setting
SNMP
P-NNI links 1 - 8
Policies Map 3 -14
community
policy-based moves
configure default 2 -3
connectivity 2 -3
generic parameters 2 -3
GET error B - 5
Polling 2 -4
SET error B - 6
traffic distribution 2 -4
troubleshooting setting B - 2
VLAN 5 -10
policy-based window 3 -14
poller 2 -5
local 2 -4
on distributed machines 2 -4
polling interval
setting 7 -11
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6
INDEX
SNMP Poller
HPOV 2 -4
Snooping 5 -10
snooping
Speed
Zoom Out 1 - 25
Select Area 1 - 25
tracing
in Wizard Tool 6 -7
traffic patterns 7 -3
statistics
LANE component 7 -16
Transcend
LE Server 7 -16
common grapher tool 7 -20
device level 6 -2
problem with window B - 1
switch domain 7 -22
status parameters
LEC 4 -42
LES 4 -44
LANE level 6 -3
Super Stack II Switch 2700
parameters and status 4 -48
SuperStack II Switch 1000 2 -8
ATM port
UNI 3 -12
definition C - 3
in ATM C - 2
private C - 3
public C - 3
unloading
ATM and VLAN maps 2 -14
IP address
of bridge in 2 -3
SVC
definition C - 5
switch hierarchy 7 -3
switch radius 7 -5
Switched Virtual Circuit see SVC
switching
system messages B - 3
Locate option in HPOV 5 -6
utilization
of Ethernet port 7 -15
of LEC transmission 7 -18
T
method C - 11
full device error B - 5
VCC C - 3
text conventions 10
Display Front Panel 1 - 26
Highlight 1 - 26
definition C - 4
use of C - 9
VCI C - 3
virtual channel
in ATM switching C - 3
supported at the UNI C - 4
Virtual Channel Connections, see VCC
Virtual Channel Identifier, see VCI C - 3
Virtual LAN Trunks, see VLT C - 11
Virtual LAN Trunks, see VLT 2 -9
Identify 1 - 26
Rearrange 1 - 26
Search 1 - 26
Topology Browser icons
Refresh 1 - 26
Zoom In 1 - 25
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INDEX
7
Virtual Path Connection, see VPC
VLAN
admin 4 -23, C - 10
basics C - 6
configuration policies 3 -14
default 4 -23
definition C - 11
frame tagging C - 12
ID 4 -22
local 5 -10
moves
policy-based moves 5 -10
retaining 4 -23
VLAN moves
policy-based 5 -10
VLAN Policies Map 1 - 16
VLAN Server
configuring 4 -24
VLT 2 -9, C - 11, C - 12
VnPro Tool 1 - 33
VPC C - 4
VPI C - 3, C - 4
W
web browser
access 1 - 21
Wizard Tool
tracing
LAN Emulation VCCs 6 -7
Z
Zoom icon 1 - 22, 1 - 27
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