3Com Marine Radio 422 User Manual

®
Transcend Management Softw are  
®
ATM and VLAN Management  
User Guide  
Version 4.2.2 for UNIX®  
http://w w w .3com.com/  
Part No. 09-09-1046-002  
December 1997  
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CONTENTS  
ABOUT THIS GUIDE  
How to Use This Guide  
Conventions 10  
9
Equipment Conventions 11  
The ATMvLAN Toolbar 1 - 21  
1 - 23  
ATM and VLAN Management Assistants 1 - 48  
Configuration Assistants 1 - 48  
MANAGER  
NMSetup 2 -1  
Configuring SNMP SmartAgents on Devices 2 -2  
Configuring SNMP SmartAgents and Parameters 2 -3  
Setting Up for Distributed Polling 2 -4  
iii  
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CoreBuilder 7000 ATM Switch Configuration 2 -7  
Setting Up and Customizing the ATM and VLAN Management  
Customizing the Application Configuration Files 2 -12  
Device Discovery 2 -15  
Re-discovering Devices 2 -15  
Using the ATM and VLAN Assistants 3 -16  
Graph Assistants 3 -17  
Path Assistants 3 -17  
LE Path Assistant 3 -17  
LECS Priority List Setup 4 -7  
LECS Database Creation and Synchronization 4 -8  
Enabling Automatic LANE Redundancy 4 -8  
Quick LANE Redundancy Mode 4 -8  
LANE Redundancy Planning and Setup Guidelines 4 -9  
iv  
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Configuring and Using the MACvDB 4 -29  
Configuring and Modifying the Subnet vDB 4 -33  
Configuring AutoSelect VLANs on Ethernet and FastEthernet based  
Configuring and Modifying the VLAN Server Member Table 4 -38  
Components 4 -40  
Configuring PVCs 4 -57  
Virtual Channels Across NNI and UNI Interfaces 4 -59  
Local VLANs and VLAN Move 5 -10  
Performing Policy-based VLAN Moves 5 -12  
Enabling and Disabling Ports 5 -13  
Manual LECS Database Modification 5 -14  
Device Level Troubleshooting 6 -2  
LANE Level Troubleshooting 6 -3  
ATM Network Level Troubleshooting 6 -4  
Virtual LANs Level Troubleshooting 6 -4  
Identifying VLAN Splits 6 -5  
v
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Path Assistants for Identifying Connectivity and Performance Problems 6 -6  
LE Path Assistant 6 -6  
Tracing a VC Path Between Two ATM End Nodes 6 -7  
Tracing the LAN Emulation Control VCCs Between Two LANE Clients  
-7  
6
Icon 7 -1  
LANE Component Statistics 7 -16  
LEC 7 -18  
LANE User 7 -20  
B - 2  
Set Operation Failed B - 2  
Slow System Startup B - 2  
Slow System Startup B - 3  
System Messages B - 3  
vi  
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ATM Switching C - 3  
Virtual LAN Basics C - 6  
Protocol-based vLANS C - 12  
Protocol Suite C - 12  
GLOSSARY  
INDEX  
vii  
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viii  
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ABOUT THIS GUIDE  
This guide describes how to use the Transcend ATM and VLAN Network  
Management application.  
Introduction  
The ATM and VLAN Management Guide describes the features and  
functionalities that are implemented using the ATM and VLAN  
Management Tools.  
Audience  
Description  
This guide is intended for the Network Administrator who is responsible  
for configuring, using and managing ATM and Virtual LANs in a network  
that may include a wide range of 3COM equipment as well as equipment  
from other manufacturers. It assumes a working knowledge of ATM  
Networks and a familiarity with HP OpenView, NNM, Netview or Sunnet  
for UNIX.  
If the information in the Release Notes shipped with your product differs  
from the information in this guide, follow the Release Notes.  
How to Use  
This Guide  
The ATM and VLAN Management User Guide guide is divided into two  
parts. Part 1 contains an overview of the application and its  
features.General network management principles that apply to the  
application and explanations of how the application works are also  
described.  
Part 2 contains procedural information and describes all the network  
management tasks in the ATM and VLAN Management application  
Table 1 shows where to find specific information.  
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10  
ABOUT THIS GUIDE  
Table 1 Organization of the ATM and VLAN Management User Guide  
If you are looking for:  
Turn to:  
A comprehensive description of the basic  
components and concepts of the ATM and VLAN  
Management application  
Part 1- Chapter 1  
How to configure and launch the ATM and VLAN  
Manager  
Part 1 - Chapter 2  
Part 1 - Chapter 3  
How to use the ATM and VLAN Management  
Interface  
How to perform network configuration tasks  
How to perform network modification tasks  
How to perform network troubleshooting tasks  
How to perform network measurement tasks  
Supported Devices  
Part 2- Chapter 4  
Part 2- Chapter 5  
Part 2 - Chapter 6  
Part 2- Chapter 7  
Appendix A  
Commonly encountered system problems  
ATM and VLAN Management Basics  
Appendix B  
Appendix C  
Conventions  
Table 2 and Table 3 list conventions that are used throughout this guide.  
Table 2 Notice Icons  
Icon  
Notice Type  
Alerts you to...  
Information note  
Important features or instructions  
Caution  
Warning  
Risk of personal safety, system damage, or loss  
of data  
Risk of severe personal injury  
Table 3 Text Conventions  
Convention  
Description  
Syntax  
The word “syntaxmeans you must evaluate the syntax  
provided and supply the appropriate values. Placeholders for  
values you must supply appear in angle brackets. Example:  
Enable RIPIP by using the following syntax:  
SETDefault!<port> -RIPIP CONTrol = Listen  
In this example, you must supply a port number for <port>.  
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Equipment Conventions  
11  
Table 3 Text Conventions (continued)  
Convention  
Description  
Commands  
The word “command” means you must enter the command  
exactly as shown in text and press the Return or Enter key.  
Example:  
To remove the IP address, enter the following command:  
SETDefault!0 -IP NETaddr = 0.0.0.0  
Note: This guide always gives the full form of a command in  
uppercase and lowercase letters. However, you can  
abbreviate commands by entering only the uppercase letters  
and the appropriate value. Commands are not case-sensitive.  
Screen displays This typeface represents information as it appears on the  
screen.  
The words “enter”  
and “type”  
When you see the word “enter” in this guide, you must type  
something, and then press the Return or Enter key. Do not  
press the Return or Enter key when an instruction simply says  
“type.”  
[Key] names  
Key names appear in text in one of two ways:  
Referred to by their labels, such as the Return keyor  
“the Escape key”  
Written with brackets, such as [Return] or [Esc].  
If you must press two or more keys simultaneously, the key  
names are linked with a plus sign (+). Example:  
Press [Ctrl]+[Alt]+[Del].  
Menu commands  
and buttons  
Menu commands or button names appear in italics. Example:  
From the Help menu, select Contents  
Italics emphasize a point or denote new terms at the place  
where they are defined in the text. (continued)  
Words in italicized  
type  
Words in bold-face Bold text denotes key features.  
type  
Equipment  
Conventions  
In this guide the term “Edge device” refers to any of the following:  
SuperStack II Switch 2700, 7200/7400 ATM/Ethernet Interface Card,  
7600 Fast Ethernet Interface Card, Super Stack II Switch  
1000/3000,NetBuilder II, CoreBuilder 4000,Super Stack II Switch 2000,  
CoreBuilder 2500/6000 and CoreBuilder 5000 Switch Module and the  
term “ATM Switch” refers to the CoreBuilder 7000 ATM Switch.  
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12  
ABOUT THIS GUIDE  
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GETTING STARTED WITH THE  
ATM AND VLAN MANAGER  
I
Chapter 1 ATM and VLAN Management Overview  
Chapter 2 Configuring and Launching the ATM and VLAN Manager  
Chapter 3 Using the ATM and VLAN Management Application  
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-14  
CHAPTER :  
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ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT  
OVERVIEW  
1
What is ATM and VLAN Management?  
ATM and VLAN Management Maps  
ATM and VLAN Management Tools  
ATM and VLAN Management Assistants  
What is ATM and  
VLAN  
Management?  
The Transcend ATM and VLAN Management application is a network  
management software product used for managing switched virtual  
networks and ATM infrastructures. With this application, you can  
configure, controll and monitor location-independent virtual workgroups  
that are created using different technologies based on ATM, Ethernet,  
Fast Ethernet and FDDI.  
The ATM and VLAN Management application manages virtual LANs on all  
3Coms ATM and non-ATM switches.You can create virtual LANs with  
either ATM-based (LAN Emulation) or non ATM-based  
(Encapsulation/Tagging) methods.  
The ATM and VLAN Management application allows you to view and  
manage the network at various layers of logical and physical layers.  
Specialized interrelated components are used to manage each abstracted  
layer. This application provides the network manager with a global view  
of the status, configuration, performance, and utilization of the ATM  
infrastructure, LAN Emulation services, and network virtual LANs.  
ATM and VLAN The ATM and VLAN Management application is composed of the  
Management following product components:  
Components  
Maps  
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1-2  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
Tools  
Assistants or Wizards  
These components are network models that represent network  
information, based on the physical and logical structure of the network.  
The maps represent the network model and status information. Different  
maps are available for the different logical and physical views.  
The tools perform various network management tasks and functions.  
The ATM and VLAN Management tools can be launched from the  
application or from within a web browser tool (locally or from a remote  
location). If you launch the tools from within a web browser, only the  
tasks that do not require any additional configuration assistants can be  
performed. VLAN moves are allowed from the web interface.  
The Assistants or Wizards configure and perform specific actions on the  
network devices in the management maps. ATM and VLAN Management  
Assistants are launched from maps or tools.  
Supported platforms The ATM and VLAN Management application runs on all platforms  
supported by OpneView Windows (OVW), NetView, and SunNet  
Manager.  
You must upgrade Netscape to version 4.03 with JDK1.1 support.  
Upgrading to Netscape version 4.03 is insufficient to run the web-based  
ATM VLAN software. You must have the JDK 1.1 support for the software  
to run properly.  
You can dowload JDK software from the JAVA site currently at the  
following address:  
http://developer.netscape.com/software/index.html?co  
ntent=jdk/download.html  
The ATM and VLAN Management application is identical for all platform  
environments. You can perform network management operations and  
functions from any workstation.  
Functions of ATM and  
The ATM and VLAN Management application provides the following  
VLAN Management functions:  
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What is ATM and VLAN Management?  
1-3  
Automatic discovery of switched network topology (physical and  
logical)  
Continuous state and status monitoring of relevant logical and  
physical components with a scalable distributed polling engine.  
End-to-end ATM virtual circuit tracing and graphical display  
Configuration of PVCs (Permanent Virtual Channels)  
Switch and link-level performance measurement with a network-wide  
bandwidth monitoring and utilization monitoring tool  
Provides the network operator with distributed network management  
and distributed viewing capabilities  
Virtual LAN management capabilities include:  
Policy-based VLAN auto-configuration support  
Common user interface to manage VLANs across all 3Com  
VLAN-supported products  
Management of ATM-based VLANs (LAN emulation) and  
non-ATM-based VLANs (VLAN tagging, protocol-based)  
Automatic discovery and logical segmentation of VLANs  
Color-coded, device-level mapping of physical infrastructure to VLANs  
VLAN moves with a simple drag-and-drop operation  
Local Area Network Emualtion management capabilities include:  
Automatic discovery and display of the LANE service infrastructure  
along with the ATM physical network structure  
Mapping of LANE client-server relationships and association ofproxy  
LAN Emulation Client (LEC) ports  
Virtual circuit tracing between LANE elements and mapping of  
physical paths over the ATM infrastructure  
Graphic display of LEC and LES/BUS performance statistics  
LECS database synchronization management  
LANE service redundancy management and automatic failover  
mechanism, isolation of LANE service faults and correlation of affected  
devices and segments.  
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1-4  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
ATM and VLAN  
Management Maps  
The ATM and VLAN Management application includes the following  
maps:  
ATM Device Manager map  
ATM Network map  
LAN Emulation map  
Virtual LAN map  
VLAN Policy map  
Gigabit Network map  
ATM Device Manager The ATM Device Manager map (see Figure 1-1), shows the physical  
Map topology of the entire switched infrastructure in a single flat topology  
map. The ATM Device Manager map provides the quickest access to all  
ATM devices on the network. You also can select the devices graphic  
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ATM and VLAN Management Maps 1-5  
display to show the topology layout using the NMSetup tool. See  
Figure 1-35 for a description on setting the devices map layout.  
Figure 1-1 ATM Device Manager Map  
You can display a device-oriented view including device front panels,  
device statistics and device parameters using the ATM Device Manager  
menus and submaps.  
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1-6  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
Figure 1-2 shows an example of the graph and statistics of a CoreBuilder  
device. For example, to access teh device statistics window, select the  
device in the ATMvLAN Devices window and then from the ATMvLAN  
menu select Graph Assistant.  
Figure 1-2 ATM Switch Graph Assistant Window  
Figure 1-3 shows the hierarchy in the Topology Browser. To access the  
ATM Devices map, double click on the ATMvLAN Devices branch or select  
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ATM and VLAN Management Maps 1-7  
the branch and then select the Zoom icon. See page 1-27 for a  
description of the Zoom icon.  
Zoom icon  
Cross Reference icon  
Component View  
Topology View  
Zoom icon  
Figure 1-3 Access to the ATM Devices Map through the Topology Browser  
To display the selected device in the Topology View, select the device in  
the Component View and then select the Cross Reference icon.  
ATM Netw ork Map The ATM Network map (see Figure 1-4) allows you to perform  
management tasks on different ATM devices,depending on their physical  
connectivity. The ATM Network window displays a hierarchical switching  
backbone of the network. Each icon represents a switching domain, such  
as a central high-speed CoreBuilder ATM switch module that is connected  
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1-8  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
to various ATM devices, such as a SuperStack II switch 2700 and other  
CoreBuilder modules. The lines connecting the ATM switching domains  
indicate the P-NNI (Private Network to Network Interface) links between  
them.  
The ATM Network Map provides:  
Displayof the connectivity between ATM switches (CoreBuilder 7000)  
and ATM edge devices and end stations (SuperStack II Switch  
2700/1000/3000, CoreBuilder 2500, CoreBuilder 5000, NETBuilder,  
ATM adapter)  
Identification of port numbers on the links between switches  
Statistics on traffic to and from different devices and through specific  
device ports  
Tracing and modification of virtual circuits between devices  
Selection of ATM end points to perform ATM path tracing  
Figure 1-4 ATM Network Map Main Display  
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ATM and VLAN Management Maps 1-9  
Figure 1-5 shows the ATM Switch map, which is an example of the  
submap of the Network map.  
Figure 1-5 ATM Switch Map  
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1-10  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
Figure 1-6 shows the hierarchy in the Topology Browser from which you  
can access the ATM Network map.  
Figure 1-6 Access to the ATM Network Map through the Topology Browser  
To display a selected switch in the Topology Browser, select a switch in the  
Component View and then select the Cross Reference icon.  
LAN Emulation Map  
The LAN Emulation map (see Figure 1-7), allows you to perform network  
management tasks on the LAN Emulation clients and servers.  
The LAN Emulation provides:  
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ATM and VLAN Management Maps 1-11  
ATM device display in the LAN emulation process  
Display of the LECS, LES,and LEC port connectivity  
Isolation of LEC, LES, and LECS faults  
Mapping of ELANs to VLAN ports display  
Monitoring of LANE services performance  
Figure 1-7 LAN Emulation Map Main Display  
Figure 1-8 shows the Backbone and Services window which is an  
example of a submap of the LAN Emulation window. This window  
displays different emulated LANs, each with the LECs connected to the  
central LES. The window also shows the active and or enabled LECSs.  
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1-12  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
Figure 1-8 LAN Emulation Submap/Backbone and Services Window  
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ATM and VLAN Management Maps 1-13  
Figure 1-9 displays the hierarchy in the Topology Tool from which you can  
access the LAN Emulation Map.  
Figure 1-9 Access to the LAN Emulation Map using the Topology Tool  
Component View  
To display a LAN Emulation component in the Topology View, highlight  
the component in the Component View and then select the Cross  
Reference icon.  
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1-14  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
Virtual LANs Map  
The Virtual LANs Map (see Figure 1-10), is used to manage the logical  
connectivity of the end-user through the Virtual LANs. The Virtual LANs  
maps provide views of the connectivity between Ethernet/ATM ports to  
the different VLANs. You use the Virtual LANs Map to manage ATM LAN  
Emulation-based as well as legacy LAN encapsulated or tagged-based  
VLANs.  
The features of the Virtual LANs Map include:  
Re-configuration of VLANs  
Moving segments between VLANs, using simple mouse actions  
Clarification of VLANs to physical ports mapping  
Figure 1-10 The Virtual LANs Map Main Display  
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ATM and VLAN Management Maps 1-15  
Figure 1-11 shows the Ethernet segments that belong to a selected  
VLAN.  
Figure 1-11 The Virtual LANs Submap Displaying Ethernet Segments  
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1-16  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
Figure 1-12 shows the hierarchy in the Topology Tool from which you can  
access the Virtual LANs Map.  
Figure 1-12 Access to the Virtual LANs Map using the Topology Tool  
Component View  
To display components of the Virtual LANs map in the Topology View,  
select the component in the Component View and then select the Cross  
Reference icon.  
ATM VLAN Policies The ATM VLAN Policies Map (see Figure 1-13), is used for automating the  
Map event of the logical connectivity of end-users or segments through Virtual  
LANs, based on predefined policies. The maps displays the various  
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ATM and VLAN Management Maps 1-17  
pre-defined policies that may be applied to network devices. The devices  
that have policies applied are contained in the policy icon.  
Note: The VLAN Policies may be used only with CoreBuilder 7000, Super  
Stack II Switch 1000/3000//2700 with ATM downlinks.  
Figure 1-13 The ATMvLAN Policies Map  
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1-18  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
Figure 1-14 shows the hierarchy in the Topology Tool from which you can  
access the VLAN Policies Map.  
Figure 1-14 Access to the ATMvLAN Policies Map using the Topology Tool  
To display a component of the Policies Map in the Topology View, select  
the component in the Component View and then select the Cross  
Reference icon.  
ATM and VLAN The ATM and VLAN Gigabit Network Map shows the layer 2 topology of  
Gigabit Netw ork Map  
Ethernet/Fast Eternity-based and in the future, Gigabit Ethernet-based  
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ATM and VLAN Management Maps 1-19  
network backbones. The Gigabit Ethernet topology views can be used to  
identify Virtual LAN trunks, downlink connections within the network.  
Figure 1-15 The ATM and VLAN Gigabit Network Map  
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1-20  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
Figure 1-16 shows the hierarchy in the Topology Tool from which you can  
access the ATM and VLAN Gigabit Network Map.  
Figure 1-16 Access to the ATM and VLAN Gigabit Network Map using the  
Topology Tool  
To display a component of the Gigabit Ethernet Map in the Topology  
View, select the component in the Component View and then select the  
Cross Reference icon.  
ATM and VLAN  
Management Tools  
The ATM and VLAN Application Toolbar, see page 1-21, includes the  
Transcend Topology Browser. You access the Transcend Topology Borwser  
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-21  
using the Topology icon. The Transcend Topology Browser can be used to  
perform all the network management tasks that are performed using the  
ATM and VLAN Management Maps and their assistants. The rest of the  
application tools are used for displaying graphs and statistics and to  
locate parameters and other information on your network.  
The Topology, Locator, Bandwidth, Report, and Fast Setup tools are  
accessible via a web browser. You can access the ATM and VLAN  
Management Tools from any station with a web browser, independent of  
the network management platform.  
To access the ATM and VLAN management tools:  
Open a web browser.  
Enter the URL:  
http://machine_ip_address/:7689/WebBase  
The ATMvLAN The ATM and VLAN Manager Application Toolbar consists of the  
Toolbar following tools:  
Topology  
Bandwidth  
Report  
Locator  
Users  
Profile  
Tasks  
Fast Setup  
NMSetup  
To invoke an option in the ATMvLAN Application Toolbar, click on one of  
the icons.  
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1-22  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
The ATMvLAN  
Application Toolbar.  
Icon Display  
Icon Name  
Description  
Opens the Transcend Topology Browser.  
The Topology Tool consists of the  
Component View and Topology View. You  
can perform most network management  
on page 1-23.  
Topology  
Bandwidth  
Opens the NNIx Browser and NNIx  
view traffic patterns on the network. See  
Bandwidth Toolon page 1-28.  
Report  
Locator  
Users  
information about the NNI traffic in tabular  
format. See “Report Toolon page 1-29.  
Opens the Locator Tool which is used to  
search and locate the ATMvLAN databases.  
See “Locator Toolon page 1-30.  
entire user’s database. See “Users Toolon  
page 1-31.  
Profile  
inventory of devices and VLANs on the  
network. See “Profile Tool” on page 1-33.  
Tasks  
Opens the Spider Tool that displays the  
current tasks on the network. See “Tasks  
Toolon page 1-36.  
FSetup  
Opens the Fast Setup Wizard for the  
CoreBuilder 7000. See “FSetup Toolon  
page 1-36.  
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-23  
Icon Display  
Icon Name  
Description  
Opens the NMS Fast Setup Wizard to setup  
and configure the NMS platform. See  
NMS Setup” on page 1-43.  
NMSetup  
Figure 1-17 The ATMvLAN Toolbar  
Topology Tool  
The Transcend Topology Browser, formerly called the Wizard Tool is  
available as a part of the TEM 4.2.2 Unix release.  
The Topology Tool (see Figure 1-18), is designed to manage Virtual LANs  
and switched networks and can be used as a stand-alone (open  
management platform independent) graphical network management  
tool. The Topology Tool provides a consolidated interface for performing  
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1-24  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
various network management tasks required to manage Virtual LANs and  
switched networks.  
Figure 1-18 The Transcend Topology Browser  
In the absence of a management platform (such as HPOV etc.), this tool  
can be used a the primary GUI for managing the switched network.  
All management functions such as monitoring, configuration, statistics  
gathering etc. can be performed using this interface.  
The Transcend Topology Browser is comprised of two sections. The  
section on the left is the Component View and the section on the right is  
the Topology View.  
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-25  
The Topology View shows the layer 2 physical topology of large switched  
infrastructures (networks with more than 500 Switches) in a single  
hierarchy. For example, all the devices, such as ATM switches,  
Fast-Ethernet Switches, and there corresponding edge devices, are  
mapped.  
The tree type Component View is hot linked to the Topology View and  
allows for quick selection of infrastructure components that are  
dynamically highlighted on the topology map. This feature allows you to  
select an entry in the Component View, and view the highlighted  
component in the Topology View using the Cross Reference icon.  
For example, if you select a switch or an edge device from the ATMvLAN  
Devices branch in the Component View, the selected switch is  
highlighted in the Topology View. If you select a VLAN entry in the VLAN  
branch, all the switches that belong to the VLAN are highlighted  
The Component View has two windows for displaying the components.  
The two windows allow for opening and viewing different branches at  
the same time. For example, in the top window, a VLAN branch may be  
opened displaying all the VLANs. In the bottom window, a specific VLAN  
branch may be selected, and the segments within the VLAN displayed.  
When performing VLAN moves, segments may be selected from one  
window (top or source), and the target VLAN may be selected from the  
other window (bottom).  
Traffic pattern overlays are planned for the future in the Component View  
as the Topology View will be hot linked to the Bandwidth Tool.  
The topology map includes the following icons:  
Zoom Out - This tool is used to magnify the topology map.  
Zoom In - This tool is used to reduce the topology map.  
Select Area - This tool is used to select an area of the topology map.  
Use this tool by clicking on the icon and then defining an area (square)  
on the topology map. The selected area is resized to fit the topology  
map window. When used in conjunction with the Pan tool, you can  
resize the selected area by resizing one of the rectangles handles using  
MB1.  
Pan - The tool opens up a display window that allows you to pan the  
entire network.  
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CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
Refresh - This tool updates the network status.  
The Topology Tool includes the following features:  
Rearrange - You can rearrange the components for display by  
dragging them on the Component View to the desired location.  
Search - This feature allows you to enter an IP address and locate the  
device on the Topology View.  
Highlight - The Component View, in conjunction with the Cross  
Reference Tool highlights the component selected in the Topology  
View.  
Identify - Use this feature to identify the device IP Address and its  
name. You use the identify feature by clicking with the right mouse  
button on the Topology View.  
Display Front Panel - The feature is the same as the Zoom Physical  
feature in the ATM and VLAN Management application. You can  
display device front panels by double clicking on the device in the  
Topology View.  
The Component View reflects the status of all the components that are  
being actively polled by a distributed polling agent (medp). For customers  
that do not want to use the platform maps, HPOV, Netview or SunNet  
Manager, the Transcend Topology Browser may be used as the main  
console.  
For distributed view ing capability, the Topology Tool can be  
accessed via a w eb brow ser.  
You must upgrade Netscape to Version 4.03 with JDK1.1 support.  
Upgrading to Netscape 4.03 is insufficient to run the web-based ATM  
VLAN software. You must have the JDK 1.1 support for the software to  
run properly.  
The JDK software may be downloaded from the JAVA site currently at:  
http://developer.netscape.com/software/index.html?content=jdk/downlo  
ad.html  
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-27  
Topology Tool  
ATMvLAN Objects  
Toolbar  
Icon Display  
Icon Name  
Description  
Zoom  
Zooms in on the selected branch. Performs  
the same zoom action as when you select  
an icon and then select ATMvLAN - >  
Zoom Physical in the ATM and VLAN  
management maps.  
Configuration Opens up the Configuration window for  
Assistant  
the selected branch. Performs the same  
action as when you select an icon and then  
select ATMvLAN - > Configuration  
Assistant in the ATM and VLAN  
management maps.  
Graph  
Assistant  
Opens up the Graph window for the  
selected branch. Performs the same action  
as when you select an icon and then select  
ATMvLAN -> Graph Assistant in the ATM  
and VLAN management maps.  
Cross  
Reference  
Displays the component highlighted in the  
LANScape Browser in the LANScape  
topology map.  
Move  
Opens up the Configuration window for  
the selected branch. Performs the same  
action as when you select an icon and then  
select ATMvLAN - > Move in the ATM and  
VLAN management maps.  
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1-28  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
Icon Display  
Icon Name  
Description  
Path Assistant Opens up the Path window for the  
selected branches. Performs the same  
action as when you select two icons and  
then select ATMvLAN -> Path Assistant in  
the ATM and VLAN management maps.  
Help  
Opens up the on-line Help files to help you  
use the ATM and VLAN Management  
application,  
Bandw idth Tool  
The Bandwidth icon opens the Network Node Interface Traffic Tool, NNIx,  
(see Figure 1-19), and displays all the ATM switches and traffic patterns  
on the NNI and UNI levels of switches. The NNIx Browser and Maps  
provide a graphical display of the network link utilization. You can also  
display the percentage of traffic on the network using the NNIx Maps.  
The Bandwidth Tool is organized based on enhanced Interswitch Interim  
Signalling Protocol (IISP) address hierarchy. This tool is used to log the  
traffic information to a file, so that historical network-wide NNI link level  
data can be gathered and displayed. The Bandwidth tool is also used to  
graphically display errors on NNI links across the networks.  
See Chapter 7 for a detailed description of the Bandwidth Tool.  
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-29  
Figure 1-19 The Network Node Interface Traffic Tools  
Report Tool  
The Report icon opens the Network Node Interface Tabular Tool, NNIt, see  
Figure 1-20, and is identical to the Bandwidth Tool, except that the  
information is displayed in a report (tabular) format. The devices that are  
linked are listed in a directional table, left to right or right to left. The  
percentage of traffic and number of octets per second going through the  
switches is also listed in the table.  
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1-30  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
Figure 1-20 The Network Node Interface Tabular Tool  
Locator Tool  
The Locator Tool, (see Figure 1-21) functions as a search and modification  
tool to the ATM and VLAN applications databases. These databases are  
built using other tools. For example, the MAC VDB database is built using  
the Build UDB Tool. The Manual Discovery database is built using the  
Manual Discovery Setup. See Configuring Manual Device Discovery” on  
page 4-1. The VLAN Aliases and Colors database are built using the VLAN  
Aliases and Colors Setup. See the description of setting VLAN aliases and  
colors on page 4-20. The Locator searches these databases and allows  
you to modify parameters within them.  
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-31  
The Locator Tool uses a search string that is color-coded and displays all  
other parameters for the selected string in the bottom portion of the  
dialog box.  
Figure 1-21 The Locator Tool  
Users Tool  
The Users Tool opens the Build UDB tool, see Figure 1-22, is used to build  
a parameter database for storing all the information related to MAC  
addresses in the network. The Users Tool performs an inventory of the  
existing network, automatically discovers the MAC addresses that exist  
and their respective locations (device, port) and their current VLAN  
mapping. The parameter database populated by the Build UDB tool may  
be modified manually to change VLAN mapping. Use the Locator Tool to  
edit the database. Devices that enforce the MAC based Automatic VLAN  
configuration policy will query this database to resolve MAC address to  
VLAN mapping.  
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1-32  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
Since the Build UDB Tool requires lots of CPU as well as generates a lot of  
SNMP traffic, we recommend that you use this tool during periods of low  
network activity.  
Figure 1-22 The Build UDB Tool  
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-33  
Profile Tool  
The Profile icon opens the VnPro Tool that lists all the network devices  
and their associated VLANs. This tool provides a comprehensive inventory  
of all the VLANs in the network.  
Figure 1-23 The VnPro Tool  
The top section displays the VLAN Configuration. The devices, and the  
associated port numbers and VLAN names are displayed.  
To use the VnPro Tool:  
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1-34  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
Highlight a line in the display.The bottom section displays the information  
for the selected line. The bottom section of the VnPro Tool is used for  
display purposes only.  
The Options menu allows you to perform the following:  
Move  
Refresh  
Save As  
Quit  
The Move option is not implemented in this release.  
The Refresh option allows you to update the VLAN Configuration table  
for the latest device and VLAN information.  
The Save As option saves the VnPro information to file. The information  
can be saved as text or to a file capable of being opened in Excel.  
Figure 1-24 VnPRo Save As dialog box  
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-35  
The Quit option exits the VnPro Tool.  
A VLAN may be defined without ports when the VLAN is defined in the  
edge device (Vbridge is allocated) however, the VLAN ports are not  
associated with the VLAN at this point.  
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1-36  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
Tasks Tool  
The Tasks icon opens the Spider Tool (see Figure 1-25), that provides a  
graphical display of the underlying distributed processes in the ATM and  
VLAN Management application. This is only a graphical display tool used  
to illustrate the underlying network-wide configuration  
infrastructure/engines and their logical layout. This diagnostic tool  
displays the active processes and the devices they are applied upon.  
Figure 1-25 The Spider Tool  
FSetup Tool  
The Fast Setup Tool is a wizard that allows you to configure the  
CoreBuilder 7000 through the ATM and VLAN Management application.  
It is a step by step procedure that prompts you to enter the CB7000  
parameters required for network management.  
To use the Fast Setup Tool:  
Click on the FSetup icon in the ATMvLAN Toolbar. The CoreBuilder 7000  
first Fast Setup Wizard Panel is displayed. See Figure 1-26.  
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-37  
Figure 1-26 Fast Setup Wizard Step 1  
To select the CoreBuilder 7000  
1 Enter the CoreBuilder 7000 IP Address or select an address from the drop  
down menu.  
2 SNMP Community String.  
3 Click Next. Panel 2 is displayed.  
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1-38  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
Figure 1-27 Fast Setup Wizard Step 2  
1 Enter the Network prefix in the General Parameters wizard panel.  
2 Click Next. Panel 3 is displayed.  
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-39  
Figure 1-28 Fast Setup Wizard Step 3  
1 Select whether you want the Resident LECS Service to be enabled on the  
selected CoreBuilder. Toggling it on, immediately enables the LES Service.  
The resident LECS Service does not need to be enabled for the LES Service  
to be enabled.  
2 Enter the User part of the Resident LECS.  
3 Click Next. Panel 4 is displayed.  
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1-40  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
Figure 1-29 Fast Setup Wizard Step 4  
1 Enter the prefix and user-part addresses of the Active LECS table.  
2 Click Next. Panel 5 is displayed.  
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-41  
Figure 1-30 Fast Setup Wizard Step 5  
1 Enter the maximum number of NNI hops.  
2 Select the port settings.  
The port settings may be either UNI, NNI or GW.  
Click Next. Panel 6 is displayed.  
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1-42  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
Figure 1-31 Fast Setup Wizard Step 6  
1 Enter the Switch IP address, subnet mask and default gateway.  
2 Enter the NMS address.  
Figure 1-32 Fast Setup Final panel  
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-43  
This panel is to review your settings. Use the scroll bar to view your  
settings. Click Prev to change settings. Click Finish to apply the settings.  
NMS Setup  
The ATMvLAN NMSetup Wizard allows you to setup the NMS by  
following the instructions on the screen.  
To use the NMSetup Tool:  
Click on the NMSetup icon in the ATMvLAN Toolbar. The NMSetup  
Wizard Panel is displayed. See Figure 1-33.  
Figure 1-33 NMS Setup Step 1  
Define the pollers and the devices that each poller is responsible for in the  
Delegation MedP panel. Click Next. Step 2 is displayed. See Figure 1-34.  
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1-44  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
Figure 1-34 NMS Setup Step 2 Delegation PDP  
Enter the Device Set and the Target Poller and click Next. Setup 3 is  
displayed. See Figure 1-35  
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-45  
.
Figure 1-35 NMS Setup Step 3 Platform options  
This panel allows you to enable platform options. You can save the  
graphic display of the OpenView Maps by toggling persistent on.  
If Manual Device Discovery is not toggled on, the application will discover  
from the platform database. When toggled on, the application will rely  
on manual population of the device database.  
Click Next. Step 4 is displayed as in Figure 1-36.  
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1-46  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
Figure 1-36 NMS Setup Step 4 Advanced Options  
Define the number of seconds that the application will wait for the  
network to settle down before it start the LES failure verification process.  
This number could be tuned down to about 120 seconds if there are no  
redundant switch engines in the network. If there are redundant switch  
engines, the default number should be used.  
Enter the fields in the Advanced options panel and click next. Step 5 is  
displayed. See Figure 1-37.  
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ATM and VLAN Management Tools 1-47  
Figure 1-37 NMS Setup Step 5 Locator  
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1-48  
CHAPTER 1: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW  
Toggle on the appropriate fields and click Next. The final panel is  
displayed showing your final NMS Setup settings. See  
Figure 1-38 NMS Final Panel Review Settings  
ATM and VLAN  
Management  
Assistants  
ATM and VLAN Management Assistants are launched from the ATM  
VLAN Maps and Tools. These assistants are used to perform various  
functions such as configuration of services, statistics gathering,  
troubleshooting and other network tasks.  
Configuration  
The configuration assistants are used to configure the network elements  
Assistants in the management maps. ATM and VLAN Management Assistants are  
launched from maps or tools.  
The Configuration Assistants include:  
LECS Redundancy  
LECS Database Configuration and Synchronization  
LES/BUS Redundancy Setup and Activation  
VLAN Aliases and Colors Setup  
See Chapter 4 for a more detailed description of these assistants.  
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CONFIGURING AND LAUNCHING  
THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGER  
2
Configuring SNMP SmartAgents on Devices  
Device Configuration for VLANs in ATM Networks  
Device Configuration for VLANS in Non-ATM Networks  
Starting Up the ATM and VLAN Manager  
Device Discovery  
All 3Com devices including CoreBuilder 7000, SuperStack II Switch 2700,  
SuperStack II Switch 1000/3000, SuperStack II Desktop Switch,  
CoreBuilder 7X00, NetBuilder II, CoreBuilder 4000, SuperStack II Switch  
2000, CoreBuilder 2500 and CoreBuilder 5000 Fast/Switch Modules may  
be managed through the ATM and VLAN Management tools. Please refer  
to the specific device Setup Manual for device initialization and setup  
instructions.  
NMSetup  
The NMSetup Tool located in the ATMvLAN Toolbar, opens the NMSetup  
wizard that allows you to set all the NMS configuration parameters and  
values in a step by step procedure.  
NMSetup  
To use the NMSetup Tool:  
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2-2  
CHAPTER 2: CONFIGURING AND LAUNCHING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGER  
Click on the NMSetup icon in the ATMvLAN Toolbar. The NMSetup  
Wizard Panel is displayed. See Figure 2-1.  
Figure 2-1 NMSetup Step 1  
For a detailed description of the NMSetup Tool see page 1-43.  
Configuring SNMP  
SmartAgents on  
Devices  
The NMS performs physical layer management using the SNMP. The NMS  
polls agents for status, configuration and network traffic information.  
The first step in initializing the network for management is to configure  
the SNMP SmartAgents in the 3Com ATM and VLAN devices.  
To configure the SNMP SmartAgents on Devices:  
1 Determine the management IP subnet and IP addresses to be used for the  
ATM devices and the Transcend ATM and VLAN Manager Station.  
2 Configure the IP address and default gateway in each ATM switch unit.  
See the device Installation and Setup Guide for the switches you are  
using.  
It is recommended that all the ATM and VLAN devices be configured as  
members of the same subnet as the Network Management Station  
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Configuring SNMP SmartAgents on Devices 2-3  
(NMS). This allows the NMS to access these devices directly over the ATM  
network instead of going across routers.  
3 Configure the IP address, and default gateway of Bridge 0 in each of the  
edge device units. See the device Installation and Setup Guide for the  
devices you are using.  
Configuring SNMP Community names set on the NMS must correspond with community  
SmartAgents and names set on the agent(s). Configure the SNMP generic parameters on  
Parameters the ATM and VLAN Network Manager as follows:  
1 Configure the default SNMP Community Setting on the Network  
Management Platform according to Table 2-1. See the Network  
Management Platform Administration Manual.  
Table 2-1 Configuring SNMP Community Settings  
SNMP Community  
Setting  
Device  
CoreBuilder 7000  
Private  
CoreBuilder 7X00  
SuperStack II Switch 2700  
SuperStack II Switch  
Security  
1000/3000/Desktop Switch  
SuperStack II Switch 2000 Private  
CoreBuilder 2500/6000  
CoreBuilder 5000 Switch  
Module  
Public  
SuperStack II Switch 2000 Security  
TR  
NetBuilder II  
Public  
Public  
CoreBuilder 4000  
If default SNMP Communities are changed in the devices, you must enter  
the new communities as well.  
2 Verify the IP/SNMP connectivity using the IP Map.  
All devices in the management subnet should appear on the IP Map of  
the management platform. The IP connectivity is verified by the  
appearance of the IP address. The SNMP connectivity is verified by the  
appearance of the device icon. The process of establishing connectivity  
should take about 5 minutes.  
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2-4  
CHAPTER 2: CONFIGURING AND LAUNCHING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGER  
CAUTION: Do not start the ATM and VLAN Network Manager until all  
the ATM and VLAN devices have been discovered and appear in the IP  
Map of the management platform.  
Setting Up for Polling in SNMP management is the activity whereby the NMS  
Distributed Polling  
interrogates/polls individual nodes on the network for their current  
status. It is one if the most important sources of network management  
control for traffic on the network.  
The ATM and VLAN Management application maintains the status and  
state of all the logical and physical components of the network. You  
cannot rely on the platform poller alone (such as HPOV SNMP Poller)  
which only maintains the ping” status of the network when using the  
application. The ATM and VLAN Management application uses a  
platform-independent poller called the Mediation Poller or Medp to  
actively maintain the status of all the components it is monitoring.  
Starting the Poller Locally  
In small networks consisting of less than a 100 network devices (ATM and  
Non-ATM switches), a single central poller is adequate for polling the  
network and maintaining the state of the logical and physical network. In  
these types of networks, the Mediation Poller can reside on the NMS. The  
default configuration installs the mediation poller when the ATM and  
VLAN Management application is installed. The poller is initialized and  
activated along with other network management platform processes.  
Starting the Poller on Multiple Distributed Machines  
When using the application to manage a larger network, consisting of  
many network devices, or when the network is managed over a wide  
area, it is possible to distribute the polling.  
Distributing polling onto more than one machine has several advantages.  
The advantages are:  
Localizes polling in remote sites so as not to send polling traffic on  
WAN links.  
Distributes the polling load onto several machines to get better polling  
performance and SNMP traffic distribution.  
Frees up CPU resources on the central management station, thus  
providing better console performance.  
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Configuring SNMP SmartAgents on Devices 2-5  
The following steps must be followed when installing distributed pollers:  
1 Install the Transcend ATM and VLAN Management application on the  
central machine on top of an open management platform such a HPOV.  
In a distributed polling environment, this machine is the Central Viewing  
Station or Central Management Console  
or  
install the Transcend ATM and VLAN Management application as a  
stand-alone application, on other Unix machines (Solaris, AIX or HPUX).  
An open management platform is not required. In a distributed polling  
environment these machines are referred to as polling stations or pollers.  
These machines do not require an open management platform such as  
HPOV installed on them.  
2 On the polling station, start the polling process:  
a
Change Directory to /usr/NCDNMS/make/  
b Execute the file medp.”  
It is advised to include these steps in the boot configuration of the polling  
station so that they are executed automatically when the polling station is  
booted up.  
3 Configure the ATM and VLAN Management application on the central  
management station to recognize the distributed pollers and delegate  
polling responsibilities to each poller.  
Before starting the application, edit the following file:  
/usr/NCDNMS/runtime/cnf/mediationd.cnf  
Each line in the /usr/NCDNMS/runtime/cnf/mediationd.cnf consists of  
three fields, each separated by a colon. The upper lines in the files take  
priority over the lower lines.  
This customization of this file can be performed using the NMS  
Setup Wizard.  
The first field is the range of the IP addresses that devices will be polled  
from. The second field is the poller IP address. The third field represents  
the socket port number communication port. The default number for the  
socket port is 1161  
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2-6  
CHAPTER 2: CONFIGURING AND LAUNCHING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGER  
An Example of Distributed Polling.  
100.200.100.170-180:100.200.100.78:1161  
100.200.100.*:100.200.100.79:1161  
100.*.*.*:100.200.100.77:1161  
*.*.*.*:127.0.0.1:1161  
Figure 2-2 A Listing of Contents from the  
C:\TranscendNT\ATMvLAN\runtime\cnf\mediationd.cnf  
Line one displays the range of IP addresses (IP address 100.200.100) with  
their last address field, address ending in numbers between 170 through  
180, polled to IP address 100.200.100.78, poller number1.  
A hyphen should be used to indicate a range.  
Line two displays all other IP addresses in subnet 100.200.100.*, are  
polled to IP address 100.200.100.79, poller number 2.  
A * should be used to indicate a wildcard.  
Line three displays that all other IP address in subnet,100.*.*.*, are polled  
to IP address 100.200.100.77, poller number 3.  
Line four displays that all other address in the network are polled to  
127.0.0.1, poller number 4 which represents the poller located on the  
local machine.  
Be certain that the last entry in the mediationd.cnf file contains a global  
subnet (*.*.*.*) in the first field to ensure that all nodes in the network  
are assigned to a poller.  
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Device Configuration for VLANs in ATM Networks 2-7  
Device  
A Virtual LAN is logical port group spanning a single device or multiple  
devices on a network forming a single broadcast or flooding domain.  
When LAN Emulation protocols are used to create broadcast domains  
over ATM-based infrastructures, these broadcast domains are also  
commonly known as Emulated LANs or ELANs. Each Emulated LAN is  
serviced by a single LES (LAN Emulation Server) and single BUS (Broadcast  
Unknown Server). Endstations or network devices that join a common  
Emulated LAN are said to be in a single ELAN or VLAN. These endstations  
communicate with the LAN Emulation Services (LES/BUS) via another LAN  
Emulation entity called a LAN Emulation Client (LEC).  
Configuration for  
VLANs in ATM  
Netw orks  
To build and manage ATM/LAN Emulation-based Virtual LANs, the LAN  
Emulation Services and Clients must first be manually configured into  
their respective default states via device consoles or a local management  
interface. Only after they are configured, can you use the ATM and VLAN  
Management application to manage and manipulate the environment.  
CoreBuilder 7000 The CoreBuilder 7000 ATM Switch supports the LAN Emulation Services  
ATM Sw itch (LES/BUS/LECS). Depending on the number of Emulated LANs that need  
Configuration  
to be created, LANE services must be enabled on one or more  
CoreBuilder 7000 switches in the network. You can use the CB7000 Fast  
Setup tool to configure the CB7000 through the ATMvLAN Toolbar. See  
The CB7000 Fast Setup Toolon page 2-8.  
The following guidelines should be followed when enabling LAN  
Emulation Services on the CoreBuilder 7000.  
1 When there are multiple CoreBuilder 7000s, the LAN Emulation Services  
must be distributed amongst all the core switches.  
For example, if 10 Emulated LANS are required and the network is  
comprised of 5 CoreBuilder 7000s in the core of the network, you should  
distribute the LANE Services on all the core switches.  
All LANE services should be enabled on all the core switches. Since each  
CoreBuilder 7000 supports 16 LES/BUS pairs, some of these LES/BUS pairs  
may be configured as primary LANE servers of an ELAN and the others as  
backup LANE Servers for the primary LES/BUS pair. See Chapter 4.  
2 When there are multiple CoreBuilder 7000s, the LAN Emulation  
Configuration Server (LECS) may be enabled on multiple switches. Up to  
5 LECSs may be configured as active LECSs in the network. You should  
enable LECSs on some of the core switches in the network.  
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2-8  
CHAPTER 2: CONFIGURING AND LAUNCHING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGER  
3 The Network Management Station should be connected directly to the  
switch running the primary LECS. This will ensure that the NMS always  
has access to the LECS so that it can enable the backup LES when the  
primary LES fails. See Description of LES/BUS Redundancyon page  
4-10.  
The CB7000 Fast Setup Tool  
This CB700 Fast Setup icon opens a wizard that allows to configure the  
CoreBuilder 7000.  
To use the Fast Setup Tool.  
Click on the FSetup icon in the ATMvLAN Toolbar. Step by step  
procedures are displayed that allow you to configure the CB7000.  
ATM Edge Device ATM edge devices such as Super Stack II Switch 2700, CoreBuilder 7200,  
Configuration  
Switch 1000, CoreBuilder 5000 Switch Modules etc., provide the legacy  
LAN-to- ATM integration. Some of these edge devices need to be  
pre-configured to enable the LAN Emulation Clients within them.  
Typically, this involves configuring the local bridge groups within the  
devices and their corresponding LECs. Please refer to the appropriate  
device configuration manuals for information on VLAN/ELAN  
configuration of these devices.  
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Device Configuration for VLANS in Non-ATM Networks 2-9  
Device  
Virtual LANs in non-ATM (Fast Ethernet) environments are created by  
using Layer 2 encapsulation or Tagging as a means to create broadcast or  
flooding domains. Ports that are common to multiple Virtual LANs are  
known as Virtual LAN Trunks (VLT). Switch 1000/3000s and CoreBuilder  
5000 Fast Modules support this feature. VLTs must be configured on the  
switches prior to using the ATM and VLAN application to manipulate the  
VLT-based VLANS. Please refer to the Switch 1000/3000/CoreBuilder  
5000 Fast Module configuration manuals for information on VLT-based  
Virtual LANs.  
Configuration for  
VLANS in Non-ATM  
Netw orks  
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2-10  
CHAPTER 2: CONFIGURING AND LAUNCHING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGER  
Starting Up the  
ATM and VLAN  
Manager  
This section describes the start-up procedure for the ATM and VLAN  
Management application for the HPOV/OVW platform:  
Setting Up and Before you begin to use the ATM and VLAN Management application  
and VLAN the ATM and VLAN Management application. They are as follows:  
Management  
Application  
UNIX Workstation and Start the OVW” on page 2-10.  
2 Discover devices via the OpenView IP Map. See Discover devices via the  
HP OpenView IP Map” on page 2-10.  
4 Customize the VLAN colors and aliases. See Customize the VLAN colors  
and aliases.” on page 2-11.  
5 Customize some of the other application configuration files using the  
NMSetup Wizard. See Customizing the Application Configuration Files”  
on page 2-12.  
6 Restart the ATM and VLAN Management application.  
Login to the UNIX Workstation and Start the OVW  
From the HPOV Root Window select ATMvLAN and then select Load  
Transcend ATMvLAN Maps.  
After a few seconds, icons representing the six ATM and VLAN  
Management maps appear in the Root window. The ATMvLAN Toolbar  
and the Virtual LANs and LAN Emulation windows appear.  
Discover devices via the HP OpenView IP Map  
Ping devices if they dont appear in the IP map. Start the ATM and VLAN  
Management application only after all the devices are discovered by  
HPOV and are displayed in the IP map.  
If you encounter problems discovering devices from the HPOV platform  
database, or if you want to setup the application to ignore the platform  
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Starting Up the ATM and VLAN Manager 2-11  
discovery database, you can manually discover devices using the Manual  
Device Discovery Assistant. See Using the Manual Device Discovery  
Assistant” on page 4-2.  
Verify that your netw ork is up and running.  
As the application begins, it is modeling (understanding the logical and  
physical structure) the ATMvLAN network. The length of this process  
depends on the size of the network. For larger networks, it may take up  
to 15 minutes for your maps to be activated.  
To check that the network modeling process is complete open the LAN  
Emulation Map and verify that all of the icon colors have changed from  
blue to yellow, green or red.  
Common Startup Problems  
If the root icons dont change color from blue, it may be because either  
the MEDP or PDP tasks are not running.  
There are two ways to check that the MEDP and PDP process are running  
on OVW or NetView:  
use the ovstatus command  
use the ps command  
The ps command is used for the SunNet Manager to check if the  
processes are running.  
Customize the VLAN colors and aliases.  
Customizing the VLAN aliases and colors enables the ATMvLAN device  
view windows to show what VLANS each port is assigned to. If you do  
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2-12  
CHAPTER 2: CONFIGURING AND LAUNCHING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGER  
not customize the colors and alias settings, device view VLAN moves can  
not be applied.  
1 Select the Virtual LANs icon and then select the Configuration Assistant  
icon. This displays the Virtual LANs configuration window.  
Figure 2-3 Virtual LANs Configuration Assistant  
2 Create the VLAN alias and color mapping.  
To select a VLAN aliases and associated names:  
a
Select the VLAN ID from the pop-up list.  
b Type in the new VLAN Name.  
Select the VLAN color from the pop-up list.  
d Click Add  
Click Apply to save all the updated VLAN names and aliases. Close the  
c
e
window by selecting File -> Close. The changes are applied only after  
the ATMvLAN Management application is unloaded and re-loaded.  
Customizing the  
There are several settings that can be customized by modifying the values  
Application in files stored in the C:\usr\TranscendNT\ATMvLAN\runtime\cnf and  
Configuration Files C:\usr\TranscendNT\ATMvLAN\runtime\dat directories. These settings  
affect various features of the ATM and VLAN Management application  
and can make your ATM network easier to manage. Once changed, the  
application needs to be unloaded and reloaded for them to be applied.  
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Starting Up the ATM and VLAN Manager 2-13  
These files and directories must be backed-up before installing/upgrading  
to a newer release of the ATM and VLAN Management application.  
The ATMvLAN NMSetup Wizard allows you to modify these configuration  
files. This customization will take effect upon restarting the application  
after the customization is performed using the customization Wizard.  
Table 2-2 lists the names of the some files that you can customize using  
the NMSetup Wizard.  
Table 2-2 ATMvLAN Customization Files  
Filename  
Description  
mediationd.cnf  
This file has the information about all the distributed pollers  
and the devices that each poller is responsible. The setup of  
distributed pollers is explained in the See Setting Up for  
Distributed Polling” on page 2-4.  
This file is customized by the Setup Wizard.  
noplatdis.cnf  
127.0.0.1.ppp  
numcpsrvs.cnf  
If this file exists, the application will not discover from the  
platform database. It will rely on manual population of the  
device database  
(C:\TranscendNT\ATMvLAN\runtime\sav\127.0.0.1.ppp)  
using the Manual Discovery Tool. The default is to use  
platform discovery and this file by default is  
noplatdis.cnf.bak  
This file is customized by the Setup Wizard  
The number set in this file (1-16) determines the number of  
LESs displayed in the maps. So if you are only using 2  
LES/CoreBuilder, set the number to 2 and only the first 2  
LESs of the CoreBuilder are shown in the maps.  
This file is not customized by the Setup Wizard.  
protimeout.cnf  
The number in this file determines the number of seconds  
that the application will wait for the network to settle down  
before it start the LES failure verification process. This  
number could be tuned down to about 120 seconds if  
there are not redundant switch engines in the network. See  
Chapter 4 for a more detailed description. If there are  
redundant switch engines, the default number should be  
used.  
This file is customized by the Setup Wizard.  
VnRgb.dat  
Is the file where the VLAN aliases and color information is  
saved after the aliases and colors are set. This file must be  
saved when the application is upgraded to a newer release.  
This files is customized by using the VLAN Aliases and  
Colors setup assistant.  
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2-14  
CHAPTER 2: CONFIGURING AND LAUNCHING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGER  
Table 2-2 ATMvLAN Customization Files  
Filename  
Spider.cnf  
Description  
This file format is similar to the mediationd.cnf file. The  
contents of the file define the location of the distributed  
proxy smart Agents (pdp). It can either point to the local  
host or a remote proxy agent. You can assign different  
proxy agent to different IP address ranges. These proxy  
smart agents are used for Policy based VLAN configuration,  
data collection for NNIx tool, MAC address inventory etc.  
#
#
#
#
NCD JAVA Configuration File  
PDP List  
# Devices: PDP ip: PDP port  
*.*.*.*:127.0.0.1:6790  
This file is not customized by the Setup Wizard.  
Restart the ATM VLAN Application  
Unload the ATMvLAN Maps and then reload them.  
To unload, select all six ATMvLAN root icons. From the ATMvLAN menu  
select Unload Transcend ATMvLAN Maps. This allows all the configuration  
files, color, and alias changes to take affect. Be sure to unload the ATM  
and VLAN application before you exit HPOV/OVW. Failure to do so will  
prevent the application from loading successfully next time HPOV/OVW is  
launched.  
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Device Discovery 2-15  
Device Discovery  
Devices are discovered only if they are up and respond to SNMP queries.  
The devices must appear in the management platform's IP Map first.  
Re-discovering You can update the application to include new ATM and VLAN devices  
Devices while the application is running. New devices are ones that have been  
added after you have initialized the application.  
To update and include the new devices:  
Select ATMvLAN --> Load Transcend ATMvLAN Maps.  
This procedure may be performed only at intervals of 15 minute or more.  
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2-16  
CHAPTER 2: CONFIGURING AND LAUNCHING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGER  
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USING THE ATM AND VLAN  
MANAGEMENT APPLICATION  
3
This chapter describes how to use the ATM and VLAN management  
The following topics are discussed:  
Navigating ATM and VLAN Maps  
Using the ATM and VLAN Tools  
Using the ATM and VLAN Assistants  
Navigating ATM  
and VLAN Maps  
Figure 3-1 displays the Root Window of the ATM and VLAN Manager as it  
is displayed after starting the application. Each icon opens into several  
submaps, depending on your network structure, to display the physical  
and logical components of the network.  
Figure 3-1 The ATM and VLAN Manager Root Window  
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3-2  
CHAPTER 3: USING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT APPLICATION  
To navigate through a submap:  
Click on an icon then select Zoom Physical from the ATMvLAN menu.  
Table 3-1 Window Access From the Root Window  
Window Name  
Select  
Action  
Description  
Root  
ATMvLAN Devices  
Double click on the icon or select Opens the ATM vLAN  
ATMvLAN -> Zoom Physical.  
Devices window. See  
Figure 3-2.  
Virtual LANs  
Double click on the icon or select Opens the Virtual LANs  
ATMvLAN -> Zoom Physical. window. See Figure 3-7.  
LAN Emulation  
ATM Network  
ATMvLAN Policies  
Gigabit Network  
Double click on the icon or select Opens the LAN Emulation  
ATMvLAN -> Zoom Physical. window.  
Double click on the icon or select Opens the ATM Network  
ATMvLAN -> Zoom Physical. window.  
Double click on the icon or select Opens the ATMvLAN Policies  
ATMvLAN -> Zoom Physical. window  
Double click on the icon or select Opens the Gigabit Ethernet  
ATMvLAN -> Zoom Physical. window.  
You can also navigate through submaps using the Topology Tool. Double  
click on the Component View entry to see the sub-maps.  
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Navigating ATM and VLAN Maps 3-3  
ATMvLAN Devices The ATMvLAN Devices Map displays all the ATM and VLAN devices on the  
Map network. Each device is represented by an icon. Each device is color  
coded according to its current status in the network  
Figure 3-2 The ATMvLAN Devices Window  
For the SuperStack II and CoreBuilder products to get true colors of the  
device front panel, click on the front panel. This updates the colors of the  
front panel. This may temporarily change other colors on the screen To  
return to the original colors, click on the front panel window.  
Table 3-2 Window Access from the ATMvLAN Devices Map  
Window Name  
Select  
Action  
Description  
ATMvLAN Devices SuperStack II Switch  
2700  
Select the device and then from Displays front panel view.  
the ATMvLAN menu select Zoom See Figure 3-3.  
Physical.  
CoreBuilder Module  
Device Manager  
Double click or from the  
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom  
Physical.  
Displays front panel view.  
See Figure 3-4.  
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3-4  
CHAPTER 3: USING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT APPLICATION  
Table 3-2 Window Access from the ATMvLAN Devices Map  
Window Name Select Action  
Description  
CoreBuilder 2500/6000 Double click or from the  
or LANplex 2016/5000 ATMvLAN menu select Zoom  
Displays front panel view.  
See Figure 3-5.  
Module Device  
Manager  
Physical.  
CoreBuilder 5000  
Module Device  
Manager  
Double click or from the  
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom  
Physical.  
Displays front panel view  
Displays front panel view  
Switch 1000/3000  
Module Device  
Manager  
Double click or from the  
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom  
Physical.  
ATM SuperStack II  
Switch 2700 Array  
Double click or from the  
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom  
Physical.  
Displays stack front panel  
view. See Figure 3-6.  
To display a device front panel using the Transcend Topology Browser:  
1 Select the device in the Component View portion of Topology Browser.  
2 Select the Zoom icon in the Topology Browser toolbar.  
or  
Double click on the device in the Component View of the Topology  
Browser.  
Figure 3-3 SuperStack II Switch 2700  
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Navigating ATM and VLAN Maps 3-5  
Figure 3-4 CoreBuilder Front Panel Display  
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3-6  
CHAPTER 3: USING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT APPLICATION  
Figure 3-5 CoreBuilder 2500 Module Device Manager Front Panel Display  
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Navigating ATM and VLAN Maps 3-7  
Figure 3-6 ATM SuperStack II Switch 2700 Array  
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3-8  
CHAPTER 3: USING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT APPLICATION  
Virtual LANS Map  
The Virtual LANs Map is used to display the VLANs and the associated  
segments in the network.  
Figure 3-7 The Virtual LANs Window  
Table 3-3 Window Access from the Virtual LANs Map  
Window Name  
Select  
Action  
Description  
Virtual LANs  
A Virtual LANs group  
Double click or from the  
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom  
Physical.  
Displays the segments  
belonging to the selected  
VLAN. See Figure 3-8.  
To locate the Virtual LANs in the Topology Browser Topology View:  
1 Select the Virtual LAN in the Component View.  
2 Select the Cross Reference icon in the Topology Browser Toolbar.  
The devices containing the selected VLAN(s) is highlighted in the  
Topology View. See Figure 3-10.  
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Navigating ATM and VLAN Maps 3-9  
Figure 3-8 The VN-elan window  
Table 3-4 Window Access from the Vn-elan Map  
Window Name  
Select  
Action  
Description  
VN-elan  
One or more segments From the ATMvLAN menu select Moves the segments to a  
and a VLAN in the  
the Move icon.  
different VLAN.  
Virtual LANs window.  
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3-10  
CHAPTER 3: USING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT APPLICATION  
Figure 3-9 Cross Referencing VLANs in the Transcend Topology Browser  
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Navigating ATM and VLAN Maps 3-11  
LAN Emulation Map  
The LAN Emulation Map displays an overview of Emulated LANs. The  
Backbone and Services in the center are connected to the peripheral,  
non-backbone, ATM devices, which include edge devices or ATM  
endstations participating in Emulated LANs.  
Figure 3-10 The LAN Emulation Window  
Table 3-5 Window Access from the LAN Emulation Map  
Window Name  
Select  
Action  
Description  
LAN Emulation  
Backbone and Services Double click, or from the  
Displays Backbone and  
Icon  
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom  
Physical.  
Services window that shows  
the LECSs, LESs and BUSes  
LANE User  
Double click, or from the  
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom  
Physical.  
Displays LANE User window.  
LECS icon  
Double click, or from the  
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom  
Physical.  
Displays front panel.  
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3-12  
CHAPTER 3: USING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT APPLICATION  
Table 3-5 Window Access from the LAN Emulation Map  
Window Name  
Select  
Action  
Description  
LES  
Double click, or from the  
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom  
Physical.  
Displays LECs map showing  
all LECs connected to the  
LES.  
To display the LAN Emulation components in the Topology Browser:  
1 Select the component in the Topology Browser Component View.  
2 Select the Cross Reference Tool.  
ATM Netw ork Map You can examine the overall structure of the ATM Network and the  
connectivity of edge devices. In particular, you can examine the following  
items:  
ATM Switch topology at Network-to-Network Interface (NNI) level  
Connectivity Between ATM Switch Domains at NNI level  
Edge Device connectivity at User-Network Interface (UNI) level  
Virtual Channels across NNI and UNI Interfaces.  
List the ATM address space of the Network  
The ATM Network Map displays the most up to date physical connectivity  
of the network. If a link between two switches fails, the map deletes the  
link from the ATM Network Map instead of displaying the link in the  
critical (red) state.  
To detect unexpected changes in the network configuration, you can  
maintain snapshots of windows of interest. These snapshots may be used  
as a baseline for comparison, for example, of detecting a link fault. Link  
faults can cause a link icon to disappear from a window.  
The snapshot facility is located in the Map menu of HPOV.  
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Navigating ATM and VLAN Maps 3-13  
Figure 3-11 The ATM Network Map  
Table 3-6 Window Access from the ATM Network Map  
Window Name  
Select  
Action  
Description  
ATM Network  
ATM Switch  
Double click, or from the  
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom  
Physical.  
Displays ATM Switch window  
ATM Switch  
A device  
Double click, or from the  
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom  
Physical.  
Displays the front Panel  
Device View  
To display the ATM Network components in the Topology View:  
1 Select the component in the Topology Browser Component View.  
2 Select the Cross Reference Tool.  
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3-14  
CHAPTER 3: USING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT APPLICATION  
ATM and VLAN The ATM and VLAN Policies Map shows the different automatic VLAN  
Policies Map configuration policies you can use to assign to the VLAN devices.  
Figure 3-12 The ATM and VLAN Policies Map  
Table 3-7 Window Access from the ATM and VLAN Policies Map  
Window Name  
Select  
Action  
Description  
ATMvLAN Policies A policy  
Double click, or from the  
ATMvLAN menu select Zoom  
Physical.  
Opens the Policy-based  
window.  
Policy-based  
window.  
One or more segments and Double click, or from the  
Moves the segments to the  
a policy icon (to remove a  
segment from any policy,  
move it to the Null Policy.  
ATMvLAN menu select the Move newly assigned policy.  
icon.  
To display the ATMvLAN policies components in the Topology Browser  
Topology View:  
1 Select the component in the Topology Browser Component View.  
2 Select the Cross Reference Tool  
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Using the ATM and VLAN Tools 3-15  
Using the ATM and  
VLAN Tools  
The ATM and VLAN Toolbar automatically appears when you start up the  
ATM and VLAN Management application. The tools may be used to  
perform various network tasks and also provide you with an assortment  
of status displays.  
The ATMvLAN The ATMvLAN Toolbar, see Figure 3-13, is displayed when you startup the  
Toolbar ATM and VLAN Management application.For a description of the  
ATMvLAN Toolbar see page 1-21.  
Figure 3-13 The ATMvLAN Toolbar  
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3-16  
CHAPTER 3: USING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT APPLICATION  
You can perform all the ATM and VLAN Management applications tasks  
using the Transcend Topology Browser. The other ATM and VLAN tools  
are used for display purposes and database modifications. You can also  
view the status of traffic and other network parameters using some of  
the tools.  
To invoke one of the tools, double click on the icon. See Section 2 for a  
description on how to use these tools to perform network management  
tasks.  
Using the ATM and  
VLAN Assistants  
There are four types of assistants: configuration, graph, path and  
performance. You can use these assistants to setup parameters trace  
paths, and see the performance of your devices on the network.  
Configuration  
The following section describes the ATM and VLAN configuration  
Assistants assistants.  
Backbone and Services Configuration Assistant  
To launch the Backbone and Services Configuration Assistant:  
1 Select the Backbone and Services icon from the LAN Emulation Map  
To set up the LECS database:  
1 Synchronize the LECS databases. See “LECS Database Creation and  
Synchronization” on page 4-8.  
2 Setup the LES/BUS redundancy and activate it. See “Description of  
LES/BUS Redundancy on page 4-10.  
Manual Device Discovery Configuration Assistant  
The Manual Device Discovery Configuration Assistant is used to manually  
To launch the Manual Discovery Assistant:  
1 From the Root window select the “ATMvLAN Devices” icon.  
2 Select Configuration Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu. See “Using the  
Manual Device Discovery Assistant” on page 4-2.  
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Using the ATM and VLAN Assistants 3-17  
VLAN Aliases and Colors Configuration Assistant  
The VLAN Aliases and Colors Assistant is used to setup the VLAN aliases  
To launch the VLAN Aliases and Colors Assistant:  
1 From the Root window, select the Virtual LAN icon.  
2 Select Configuration Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu. See  
Configuring VLAN Aliases and Colors” on page 4-21 for a more detailed  
description.  
Graph Assistants To use the graph assistants you select the network component and then  
select ATMvLAN -> Graph Assistant.Graph assistants display the statistics  
of the selected component.  
Path Assistants If you want to see the path between two devices or between network  
components, select the devices and then select the Path icon.  
LE Path Assistant The LE Path Assistant allows you to select any two LE Clients or two  
Ethernet segments to obtain the following information:  
Address resolution through the LE Server  
Control distributed path (direct)  
Multicast forward addressing through the BUS  
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3-18  
CHAPTER 3: USING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT APPLICATION  
Data Direct  
Figure 3-14 This Window Displays the VC Path Between Two LE Clients.  
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Using the ATM and VLAN Assistants 3-19  
Figure 3-15 This Window Displays the VC Path Between Two Ethernet  
Segments.  
The Path Assistant see Figure 3-15,displays the corresponding segment,  
its proxy client and its LE services ATM address and assists in verifying that  
the connections are viable.  
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3-20  
CHAPTER 3: USING THE ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT APPLICATION  
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OPERATING THE ATM AND  
VLAN MANAGER  
II  
This section provides step-by-step instructions for performing network  
management tasks using the ATM and VLAN Management application.  
Chapter 4 Network Configuration Tasks  
Chapter 5 Network Modification Tasks  
Chapter 6 Network Troubleshooting Tasks  
Chapter 7 Network Performance Measurement Tasks  
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-22  
CHAPTER :  
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NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
4
This chapter describes how to perform the following ATM and VLAN  
assistants.  
Configuring Policy-based VLAN Auto-configuration  
Configuring and Using the MACvDB  
Configuring IP Subnet-based VLAN Auto-configuration  
Configuring or Viewing Administrative Status of ATM and VLAN  
Components  
Configuring PVCs  
Configuring  
Manual Device  
Discovery  
When running the ATM and VLAN Manager, devices are discovered  
automatically from the platform database. The application can also be  
configured to manually discover devices if you encounter difficulties with  
automatic device discovery from the platform database or if you want to  
work in the stand-alone mode. The application can either run in the  
manual discovery mode or automatic discovery mode. In the manual  
discovery mode, the application will read a static device file that is  
manually created using the manual discovery configuration screen.  
The Manual Discovery Setup allows you to do the following:  
add devices from the database  
delete devices from the database  
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4-2  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
clear the entire database  
You can sort all the device types according to all the fields contained in  
the ATM and VLAN Devices database.  
After you modify, change, add or delete devices from the ATM and VLAN  
database you must restart the application for the modifications to take  
effect.  
Using the Manual To discover devices manually, you need to set the discovery mode to  
Device Discovery Manual Discovery mode. Select the Manual Discovery toggle in the  
Assistant Manual Discovery Setup window. See Figure 4-1. You must also enable  
Manual Discovery mode either through a customization file or the  
NMSetup Wizard. See Chapter 1, Figure 1-35.  
After the mode is set, the device database must be manually populated  
using the manual discovery database configuration assistant.  
Once the database is populated, the ATM and VLAN application must be  
restarted to recognize the newly entered devices.  
If you select automatic (platform) discovery from the Manual Discovery  
window, changes entered manually are overwritten by the platform  
discovery.  
To use the Manual Device Discovery Tool:  
From the Root window, select the ATM Devices icon and then select the  
Configuration Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu, or in the Topology  
Browser, select an ATMvLAN Device branch and then select the  
Configuration icon.  
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Configuring Manual Device Discovery 4-3  
The Manual Discovery window is displayed in Figure 4-1.  
Figure 4-1 Manual Discovery Setup Window  
All devices appear initially with the default Community Name and Polling  
Interval settings. These entries may be modified by changing the  
Community Name in the appropriate field or using the Polling Interval  
cascade to select a new value.  
The window is divided into three sub-windows. The first section displays  
all parameters pertaining to the selected device type. The initial values  
that are displayed in section 1 pertain to the device at the top of the  
selection list in section two. The second section displays all the ATM and  
VLAN devices that are in the database.  
Section 3 contains radio buttons of all the fields in the database. You can  
sort all the devices according to the field selected by clicking on the  
appropriate radio button.  
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4-4  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
Adding Devices  
1 Enter the devices parameters in the display fields of section 1  
2 Click Add.  
Modifying Devices  
1 Double click on a row In the scrolling region. The device and its  
parameters appear in the display fields of section 1  
or  
select a Device Type from the cascade in section 1 and enter its  
parameters.  
2 Click Add.  
The System verifies that the IP address is unique before adding a device to  
the database.  
Repeat for adding multiple devices.  
3 Click Apply and restart the ATMvLAN Manager for modifications to take  
effect.  
Deleting Devices  
You can delete one or more devices at once from the ATMvLAN database.  
1 Highlight one or more rows in the scrolling region.  
2 Click Delete.  
3 Click Apply and restart the ATM and VLAN Manager for modifications to  
take effect.  
Clearing the Entire Database  
To delete all of the devices from the database at once.  
1 Click Clear.  
2 Click Apply and restart the ATM and VLAN Manager for modifications to  
take effect.  
View ing the Manual You can also view and search all the parameters in the manual discovery  
Device Discovery database using the Locator Tool.  
Database  
Do not use the Locator Tool to modify the Device Database.  
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Configuring LAN Emulation Services 4-5  
To use the Locator Tool to view the Manual Discovery database:  
1 Select the Locator Tool.  
2 Select the Device Database tab. See Figure 4-2.  
3 Select Search to display all the parameters in the database.  
The parameters are displayed.  
To conduct a search based on a specified parameter.  
1 Select the parameter from the Search Field.  
2 Enter the search string (may be a partial value) in the Value field.  
3 Select Search.  
Figure 4-2 Locator Tool Manual Discovery Database  
Configuring LAN  
Emulation Services  
The Backbone and Services Configuration Assistant allows you to perform  
the following functions all in the same window:  
Set the priority order and activate the LECSs in a multiple redundant  
LECS network.  
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4-6  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
Set up the LECS database (Set the primary LES and set the backup LES  
of each ELAN)  
Activate the Automatic LANE Redundancy Monitor  
Setup for Quick LANE Redundancy  
Figure 4-3 The Backbone and Services Configuration Window  
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Configuring LAN Emulation Services 4-7  
To access the Backbone and Services Configuration Assistant:  
1 From the LAN Emulation map or Topology Browser LAN Emulation  
component, select the Backbone and Services icon or branch.  
2 Select the Configuration icon from the Topology Browser or from the  
ATMvLAN menu.  
The Backbone and Services Configuration Assistant window is displayed  
as shown in Figure 4-3.  
The top sub-window within this setup screen allows for the setup of the  
LECSs in the network. The application automatically discovers all the  
LECSs in the network that are enabled or active and displays them. The  
redundancy order can be changed/set according to the LECS priority.  
When the redundancy order is changed, the change sets the priority  
order and applies the order to all the CoreBuilder 7000s in the network.  
A LECS may be in one of three states:  
Enabled - The LECS can be configured but is unrecognized by all the  
CoreBuilder 7000s in the network. The icon is colored yellow in the maps  
or Topology Browser Component View.  
Active - Each CoreBuilder 7000 in the network recognizes the LECS in  
operation. You may have up to 5 LECSs in the Active state. The icon is  
colored green  
Disabled - The LECS cannot be recognized, enabled or activated by  
network management. Icon is blue.  
To change the priority order:  
1 Use the middle mouse button and drag and drop the LECS to the desired  
position.  
For a two-button mouse, press both buttons simultaneously to drag and  
drop.  
2 Click Apply.  
LECS Priority List The LECS priority list is applied to all the CoreBuilders in the network.  
Setup  
Performing this step converts all the LECSs to the active state. When a  
LECS is shown as active, it means that every CoreBuilder 7000 in the  
network is aware of this LECS.  
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4-8  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
LECS Database The second section is used to build the LECS database. This section allows  
Creation and you to enter LAN Emulation Servers (LES) and their corresponding backup  
Synchronization LAN Emulation Servers into the LECS database. Initially, the LECS  
database window shows the default LECS database displaying only a  
subset of the LAN Emulation Servers that exist in the network.  
The default LECS database (the subset) is taken from one of the LECS that  
was discovered and shown in the first part of the form.  
To build/modify the LECS database:  
1 Select the admin and default elan ID from the toggle buttons on the side  
of each entry.  
2 Populate the database with all the ELAN IDs (LESs) and their  
corresponding backup LESs using the selection buttons.  
In order not to setup a backup for a LES, select the backup LES address to  
be the same as the primary LES address.  
3 Click Add to add the entry to the database or click Delete to delete  
unwanted entries from the LECS database.  
4 Click Apply  
The LECS database shown in the window is applied to all the active and  
enabled LECSs in the network. After this step LECSs are all said to be  
synchronized.  
Enabling Automatic The third section allows you to set up the Automatic LANE redundancy  
LANE Redundancy procedure. There are three possibilities for Automatic LANE redundancy.  
Disabled - instructs the NMS not to automatically activate the backup  
LES and a failure report is not issued.  
Report Only - The NMS issues a failure report but does not  
automatically activate the backup LES.  
Report and Activate - The NMS issues a failure report and  
automatically activates the backup LES.  
Quick LANE The Quick LANE Redundancy mode button (which is selected by default),  
Redundancy Mode allows for a quick LES/BUS failover to backup the LES/BUS, when the  
primary LES/BUS fails. When this button is selected, the LANE redundancy  
monitoring software performs some vital checks to determine if the  
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Configuring LAN Emulation Services 4-9  
primary LES is actually down and activate the backup LES upon  
completion of the vital checks. These vital checks only take a few seconds  
(10-15 seconds) to complete.  
Quick LANE redundancy mode is recommended for most networks.  
When the Quick LANE redundancy mode is not selected, the LANE  
redundancy monitoring software will perform a more comprehensive  
evaluation of the failed ELAN by checking the status of every LAN  
Emulation Client (LEC) within the failed ELAN, status of the switch where  
the primary LES resides before the LANE redundancy monitor activates  
the backup LES. This is recommended only you want every aspect of the  
ELAN to be checked before a backup LES/BUS is activated. Under working  
in this mode, depending on the size of the network, the LES/BUS  
redundancy could take 3-5 minutes to complete.  
In addition to all the parameters configured from this window, an  
additional timeout parameter must be configured in a file called  
“protimeout.cnf” located in the /usr/ATMVLAN/runtime/cnf directory.  
This timeout parameter determines the amount of time the LANE  
redundancy monitoring software should wait before performing any  
LANE service checks upon failure of a LES/BUS. This timeout allows for  
the VCCs to ageout and the network to return to study state.  
In the Quick LANE redundancy mode, this timeout parameter in this file  
should be set to “5” seconds. When the quick LANE redundancy mode is  
not selected, this parameter should be set to 120 seconds if there are no  
redundant Switch Engines in the network and 333 seconds (default), if  
there are redundant Switch Engines in the network.  
LANE Redundancy Transcend Management Software supports the configuration/setup and  
Planning and Setup  
Guidelines  
activation of the LANE Service (LES/BUS and LECS) redundancy feature.  
The following lists guidelines to help you set up the LANE Redundancy  
mechanism:  
1 ATM address structure and physical network connectivity should allow for  
ATM route recovery for cases of switch or link failure.  
2 The primary and backup LES for an ELAN should not be on the same  
switch.  
3 The primary LECS should not be configured on a switch with primary  
LESs.  
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4-10  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
4 The Network Management Station should have direct access to at least  
one LECS in the network, when an ELAN fails.  
5 Do not use too many primary LESs on a single switch. Distribute the LESs  
across the backbone.  
6 Sixteen is the default number of active LANE Servers (LES) per  
CoreBuilder7000 that can be viewed in LAN Emulation maps. You can  
change the number of managed LANE servers for all CoreBuilders in the  
network by editing the following file:  
\TranscendNT\ATMvLAN\runtime\cnf\numcpsrvs.cnf  
Change the number in the file to the number of LANE servers used. The  
number should be less than or equal to the number of servers in the  
CoreBuilder 7000.  
If you manually change the LECS database on a CoreBuilder 7000 using  
the console terminal interface, the Backbone and Services Configuration  
tool may have problems reading the database in the CoreBuilder. If an  
error message appears, manually reset the LECS database to the factory  
default.  
Workaround  
At the terminal prompt select 1, 2 and 7.  
(1) SYS:Platform config  
(2) RES:Reset config to factory default  
(7) RBO:Reboot  
Description of LAN Emulation Services (LES/BUS/LECS) may be activated on each  
LES/BUS Redundancy CoreBuilder 7000 switch in the network. LAN Emulation Services allow  
you to create Emulated LANs (ELANs) on the ATM/Ethernet based  
infrastructure. Given that each Emulated LAN is serviced by only one  
LES/BUS pair, this could potentially become a point of failure. The LES/BUS  
redundancy feature allows you to configure an additional LES/BUS pair  
(running elsewhere in the network, on a different CoreBuilder 7000) as a  
dynamic/hot backup for the primary LES/BUS pair servicing a particular  
ELAN.  
The ATM and VLAN Management software also works with non-3Com  
device LECs when connected to a 3Com LECS. The LAN Emulation  
Configuration Server (LECS) database may be configured with a primary  
and backup LAN Emulation Server (LES) for each ELAN. Under normal  
circumstances, the LECS serves (returns) the primary LES address when a  
LAN Emulation Client (LEC) requests the LES address for an ELAN.  
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Configuring LAN Emulation Services 4-11  
When LAN Emulation redundancy is activated on the NMS, see Activating  
LANE Redundancy, and when a switch running the primary LES fails, the  
NMS detects the failure. For the description of failure resolution, see LES  
Failure Resolution” on page 4-11. The backup LES in the LECS database is  
then activated.  
It is critical that the NMS be connected directly to the switch running the  
LECS or have direct access to this switch.  
The LANE clients that go back to the Initial State (As per the LANE 1.0  
Specification, the LECs have to go back to the Initial state when the  
connection to the LES fails.) then re-establish connection with the LECS  
(LECS Connect Phase and Configuration Phase) to get the LES address.  
After the LANE Monitor on the NMS triggers the activation of the backup  
LES in the LECS database, the LECS serves the backup LES address for the  
requested ELAN. This enables all the LANE clients (LECs) to rejoin the  
ELAN. The ELAN is thus served by the backup LES/BUS pair).  
LES Failure Resolution  
To prevent the activation of the backup LES/BUS when the primary LES is  
actually active, the LANE Monitor software performs the following checks  
to verify the failure.  
1 Verifies that if any one LEC is in the operational state, the backup LES is  
not activated. The primary LES is assumed to be active one.  
2 Verifies that the switch running the primary LES is up and active. If this is  
not verifiable via direct SNMP contact, you can verify whether the switch  
is OK via the neighboring switches address tables.  
If either check indicates a LES failure, the backup LES is activated. The LES  
failure resolution is reported as inconclusive. You can manually active the  
redundant LES.  
These important steps ensure the integrity of LANE services and provide a  
robust and reliable recovery mechanism.  
Pre-conditions for LANE Redundancy to Take Effect  
Some LECs cannot bind to the backup LES even when they get the  
correct information about the backup LES from the LECS. This may occur  
because of problems related to route redundancy. It is important to  
ensure that ATM re-routing operates even when some links or a switch is  
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4-12  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
down. If a LEC cannot bind to the backup LES, it is necessary to check if  
the LEC can connect to the LES and the LES can in turn, connect back to  
the LEC. Correct E-IISP planning for route failover/redundancy is required  
for LANE redundancy to work.  
How Does The Primary LES Regain Control of the ELAN?  
The primary LES will not automatically start serving the ELAN when it  
becomes active again, if the backup LES is activated. Since doing so will  
result in both LESs being active at the same time and also may possible  
cause a VLAN split.  
The LECS continues to serve/return the backup LES address (even when  
the primary LES is active again) until the LECS is manually reset to start  
serving the primary LES address for ELAN configuration requests.  
Restoring LANE Clients To Use The Primary LES  
Restoring the LANE clients to use the primary LES may be done in one of  
the following ways:  
1 Automatic recovery to the to primary LES when the backup LES fails  
2 Manually returning the Clients (LECs) back to the primary LES.  
Automatic Recovery to the Primary LES w hen the Backup LES Fails  
The primary LES and its backup LES can be configured in the LECS  
database to back each other up. Under such configuration, the network  
will automatically revert to the primary LES when the backup LES fails.  
For example, if LES A is the primary LES and LES B is its backup, the LECS  
database will contain an additional entry after the first entry with LES B as  
the primary LES and LES A as its backup.  
Using this setup, when the primary LES fails, the LECs connect to the  
backup LES and remain there even though the primary LES becomes  
active again. When the backup LES fails, the LECs connect back to the  
primary LES.  
When the switch is becomes operative, if a new LEC wants to join the  
LES, it joins the primary LES of the ELAN that is currently being served by  
the backup LES. This would result in a split ELAN. This condition must be  
carefully monitored and fixed manually by first fixing the LECS database  
Redundancy Assistant) and then resetting the new LECs.  
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Configuring LAN Emulation Services 4-13  
Since an LECS may be located on the same switch as the primary LES, if  
the primary LECS (primary LECS is the one on the top of the priority list)  
fails along with the primary LES, its database cannot be altered by the  
LANE Monitor” to point to the backup LES when the LES failure  
condition happens. This LECS’s database still points to the primary LES  
while all the other LECSs point to the backup LES. Under these conditions  
if new LECs (LANE Client) become active, they could join the primary LES  
of the ELAN that is currently being served by the backup LES. This would  
result in a split ELAN. This condition must be carefully monitored and  
fixed manually by first fixing the LECS database (using the Manual LANE  
redundancy Assistant) and then resetting the new LECs.  
Manually Modifying LANE Redundancy  
You can modify the database of an LECS that was not automatically  
changed by the LANE monitor using the Manual LANE redundancy  
Configuration Assistant.  
To modify the database:  
1 From the LAN Emulation window or Topology Browser select the  
Backbone and Services icon or branch.  
2 Select the Zoom icon or Zoom Physical from the ATMvLAN menu.  
3 Select the LECS which contains the database you want to modify.  
4 Select the Configure icon. The Manual LANE Redundancy window is  
displayed. See Figure 4-4.  
Figure 4-4 The Backbone and Services Configuration Assistant/Manual LANE  
Redundancy  
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4-14  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
Each ELAN contains two entries of LES addresses.  
5 For each ELAN, select the LES that was not automatically changed.  
6 Click Apply to update the database.  
Manual LANE Redundancy operates on only one LECS at a time. You can  
select the LECS in the Topology Browser or in the Backbone and Services  
map.  
The Automatic LANE redundancy monitor, see the description on  
page 4-8, must be disabled and then restarted after manually fixing the  
LECS database.  
The LANE clients that are split and located on the primary LES may be  
moved to the backup LES using either one of the following methods:  
1 Use the VLAN Move operation.  
a
Select the ports in the primary ELAN in the VLAN map.  
b Move the ports to a temporary ELAN. (This temporary ELAN ID must  
be in the LECS database)  
c
Move the ports to the backup ELAN.  
2 Software reset the backup LES/BUS after modifying the database.  
The software reset of the LES/BUS must be done via the Command Line  
Interface of the CB7000. The software reset feature is only supported in  
the CB7000 3.5 or later version.  
Manually Returning the Clients (LECs) Back to the Primary LES  
Returning the clients back to the primary LES should be done during a  
scheduled network down time.  
To manually force the LECs back to the primary LES you must first  
perform the following:  
1 Reset all the LECS databases using the Manual LANE Redundancy  
Configuration Assistant.  
2 Disable the Automatic LANE Redundancy Monitor”.  
After the above settings are adjusted you can return the clients back to  
the primary LES by performing the either one of following tasks:  
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Configuring LAN Emulation Services 4-15  
a
Move the ports in the backup ELAN to a temporary ELAN using the  
VLAN move option. Then move the ports from the temporary ELAN to  
the primary ELAN. It is important to first move to temporary ELAN first  
and this temporary ELANID must be in the LECS database.  
b Software reset the backup LES/BUS after modifying the database.  
The software reset of the LES/BUS must be done via the Command Line  
Interface of the CB7000. The software reset feature is only supported in  
the CB7000 3.5 or later version.  
3 Enable the Automatic LANE Redundancy.  
LECS Redundancy The CoreBuilder 7000 switch supports LAN Emulation Configuration  
Service. The LECS may be activated on more than one switch in the  
network (up to 5).  
Each CoreBuilder 7000 in the network is configured with the address of  
the active LECS. The configuration of multiple active LECS addresses (up  
to 5) is only possible using the LECS Select dialog box, upper part of the  
Backbone and Services window.  
One active LECS address can be entered via the command line interface  
(LMA) and the remaining have to be set via the NMS. This limitation will  
be eliminated in a future release of the CoreBuilder 7000 software.  
How Do Lane Clients Take Advantage of Multiple LECSs?  
If a LAN Emulation Client (LEC) uses the Well Known LECS Address (WKA)  
to configure a direct connection to the LECS, the first CoreBuilder 7000 in  
to which connection is established converts the WKA to the first active  
LECS address (first among up to 5 LECS addresses programmed into the  
CoreBuilder 7000 via the LMA and NMS). The CoreBuilder 7000 then  
forwards this connection request to the active LECS. If the connection  
setup fails, the CoreBuilder 7000 changes the WKA to the next active  
LECS address and then tries to connect again. This process is continued  
until an active LECS is reached. If none of the LECSs are reachable, then  
the direct configuration setup request is rejected.  
If a LAN Emulation client does not support the use of WKA, it may also  
request the LECS addresses from the CoreBuilder 7000 via the ILMI and  
try to reach the LECSs directly.  
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4-16  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
An Example of Setting Up and Activating LANE Redundancy  
The following is an example of a simple 2 CoreBuilder 7000 setup  
demonstrating the LES/BUS and LECS redundancy.  
Equipment (Hardware)  
[CoreBuilder 7000 B]-----[CoreBuilder 7000 A]------[7200/2700 A]  
[2700/7200 B]---------[NMS]  
Software  
3.1 or later version running on CoreBuilder 7000 and LS2700/7200  
Hardware configuration: CoreBuilder 7000 A:  
ATM address A*  
IP addr/Gateway/Mask  
LECS active  
LES/BUS active  
Active LECS address: Use Default (pointing to a*)  
Hardware configuration: CoreBuilder 7000 B:  
ATM address B*  
IP addr/Gateway/Mask  
LECS active  
LES/BUS active  
Active LECS address: Use Default (pointing to A*)  
LS2700/7200 (A and B)  
Bridge 0: Ports 1-6, ELAN name: admin, IP address/Gateway/Mask.  
Bridge 1, ports 7-12, ELAN name: use ELAN ID elanxxx_0 from switch  
B (NOTE: the LES/BUS for bridge 1 must be on switch B)  
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Configuring LAN Emulation Services 4-17  
To configure the NMS:  
1 Connect the NMS to port 1 on one of the 2700s.  
2 Ping all the devices. Be certain that both the CoreBuilder 7000  
management ports are connected to the bridge 0 ports on the 2700s.  
Make sure they appear in the HPOV IP map.  
3 Run the ATMvLAN application.  
Make sure all that all the devices appear in the ATM Devices Map and  
that the LES/BUSs from both the CoreBuilders appear in the LAN  
Emulation Backbone and Services map.  
Be certain that there are segments in the admin VLAN, they will appear as  
VN-ELANxxx_0, and in the 2nd VLAN (bridge 1 VLAN) in the VLAN Map.  
Only two VLAN icons appear green, the rest appear brown indicating that  
they are empty.  
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4-18  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
To setup LANE Redundancy (LES/BUS/LECS):  
1 From the LANE Emulation map or Topology Browser, select the Backbone  
and services icon or branch.  
2 Select the Configure icon or Configuration Assistant from the ATMvLAN  
menu.  
The Backbone and Services window is displayed as in Figure 4-5.  
Figure 4-5 The Backbone and Services Window  
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Configuring LAN Emulation Services 4-19  
To setup LECS priority:  
1 Make sure the LECS with on the B* switch is the first one in the list. If  
not, change the order using the middle mouse button.  
2 Click Apply.  
This applies the two active LECS addresses to each switch. The LECS on  
switch B* is the primary one.  
To setup the LECS database for LES/BUS redundancy:  
1 In the second section of the dialog box, set the ELAN ID for  
Admin/Default VLAN using the appropriate toggles.  
Be certain to select ELANID_0 from switch A.  
2 Select the primary ELAN ID. This should be same ELAN ID as the one  
selected for the Admin VLAN above.  
3 Select the backup ELAN ID using the backup toggle The backup ELANID  
should be the elanID_0 from switch B. You will notice in the window that  
shows the database, an additional entry with ELANID_0 and the two LES  
addresses.  
4 Add this entry to the database using the Add button.  
If you don't see it in the window, scroll down to check.  
5 Select the primary ELANID_1 (for bridge 1) from switch B.  
6 Select the backup for ELAN ID_1 from switch A.  
7 Add these entries to the database by clicking Add.  
The setup consists of two ELANS each backed-up with a LES from the  
other CoreBuilder.  
In this example, the primary LES/BUS is running on switch B for bridge 1,  
and the backup is on switch A. The primary LES /BUS for the admin ELAN  
is running on switch A and the backup is on switch B.  
8 Click Apply to have the database modified.  
A confirmation box is displayed indicating that the changed have been  
applied to both switches.  
9 In the bottom section of the dialog box toggle on Report and Activate  
and click Apply.  
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4-20  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
At this stage, the “LANE Monitor” tracks LES/BUS failure and activates  
redundancy if there is a failure of primary LES.  
Bridge 0s LES/BUS is on CoreBuilder 7000 A and its backup is on  
CoreBuilder 7000 B.  
Bridge 1's LES/BUS is on CoreBuilder 7000 B and its backup on  
CoreBuilder 7000 A. Both switches have LECS databases and each LECS  
database has the admin ELAN pointing to switch A LES/BUS ELAN_ID.  
Following this procedure, check all the above steps once again. Try to  
achieve an intuitive understanding of the network.  
If you power-off Switch B, (you have taken down bridge 1's LES/BUS), the  
NMS realizes that the primary LES for bridge 1 runs on the switch that  
failed and reports it. It then moves the pointer in the LECS database  
running on switch A to the backup LES/BUS for bridge 1. All the  
segments from bridge 1 move the backup ELAN. This takes a few minutes  
for adjustment.  
You will first notice that the LECs for bridge 1 on both the edge devices  
are in a fatal state. They are then are recovered using the backup LES/BUS  
on the switch A.  
This example effectively demonstrates both LES/BUS and LECS recovery.  
LECS Recovery  
While selecting the LECS, the primary LECS was set to switch B. When  
switch B failed, the LECs were pointed to switch A’s LECS (the second one  
in the list) by the CoreBuilder 7000 automatically.  
How to Move the “admin” ELAN LES/BUS Pair from One  
CoreBuilder 7000 to Another.  
If you want to move the “adminELAN LES/BUS pair from one  
CoreBuilder 7000 to another, perform the following steps:  
1 In the Backbone and Services Configuration window, change the  
“admin” alias mapping to a new LES/ELAN-ID and select Apply.  
This changes the “adminLES in all of the LECS databases in one step.  
2 Reset the CoreBuilder 7000 with the old adminLES.  
This step releases all the connections (LECs) from the old “admin”  
LES/BUS pair.  
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Configuring VLAN Aliases and Colors 4-21  
All the LECs join the new “admin” ELAN since the LECS points them to  
the new “adminLES.  
It takes approximately 15 seconds to update the LECSs via Transcend  
Management Software. It takes about two minutes to reboot the switch  
with the old LES, and about five to fifteen minutes for all the LECs to join  
the new LES.  
Quick LANE Redundancy  
Quick LANE Redundancy performs automatic LANE redundancy, however,  
it differs in the conditions that are used to trigger and activate the  
LES/BUS pair redundancy.  
Automatic LANE Redundancy is activated when the following conditions  
are met:  
One LES/BUS is in critical state (red)  
All of the attached LECs are in critical state  
All links to the CoreBuilder are disconnected  
The CoreBuilder is in critical state  
Quick LANE Redundancy is activated when the following conditions are  
met:  
One LES/BUS is in critical state (red)  
At least one attached LEC is reported in critical state  
The CoreBuilder is in critical state  
To enable Quick LANE Redundancy, toggle on the Redundancy mode  
button in the Backbone and Services Configuration Assistant window.  
Configuring VLAN  
Aliases and Colors  
To make it easier to identify and work with VLANs on the ATM and VLAN  
Manager, the VLANs can be given application-oriented names or aliases  
(such as engineering, marketing, etc.) and colors to distinguish them on  
the device displays.  
These aliases are local to the management station and are not reflected in  
the LECS database in the ATM switches.  
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4-22  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
The following steps listed below illustrate the VLAN alias and color setup.  
This procedure is common for both ATM-based VLANs as well as  
non-ATM VLAN alias setup.  
1 From the Root window select the Virtual LANs icon and then from the  
ATMvLAN menu select Configuration Assistant  
or  
in the Topology Browser select a Virtual LANs component and then select  
the Configure icon.  
The Virtual LANs VLAN Configuration Assistant for the VLAN Aliases and  
Colors dialog box is displayed as in Figure 4-6. For ATM-based VLANs the  
VLAN ID is the ELAN ID; for non ATM-based VLANs, the VLAN ID is the  
Work Group number.  
For CoreBuilder 2500/6000 VLANs, the VLAN ID is the VLAN name given  
by the user.  
Figure 4-6 Virtual LANs Configuration Assistant for Aliases and Colors  
The VLAN Names field lists all the VLANs that have been defined in the  
NMS.  
2 Select a VLAN ID from the VLAN ID cascade and enter a user-friendly  
name in the entry field.  
3 Select a color using the color option button.  
4 Click Add.  
The name is added to the list.  
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Configuring VLAN Aliases and Colors 4-23  
5 Click Apply to update the database.  
If you do not click Apply, none of your changes are entered into the  
database.  
Before you begin changing/moving VLANs in the network, you must  
define the admin and default VLANs using this option.  
Select the ELAN that the admin VLAN is using. Enter the “adminin the  
entry field and click Add and then click Apply.  
Retaining VLAN Aliases and Colors  
You can retain VLAN aliases and colors for subsequent installations.  
To save the colors save the file:  
\TranscendNT\ATMvLAN\runtime\dat\VnRgb.dat  
After you reinstall the ATMvLAN Management application, restore the  
saved file to the original directory.  
VLAN Aliases cannot be added to the LECS database from the Backbone  
and Services Configuration window. The LECS database uses ELAN IDs  
only. Aliases have significance in the local management station only.  
View ing the VLAN Aliases and Colors Database  
You can also view and search all the parameters in the VLAN Aliases and  
Colors database using the Locator Tool.  
Do not use this window to modify the database and ignore the Type field  
in the display section.  
To use the Locator Tool to view the VLAN Aliases and Colors database:  
1 Select the Locator Tool.  
2 Select the VLAN Aliases and Colors tab. See Figure 4-7.  
3 Select Search to display all the parameters in the database.  
The parameters are displayed.  
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CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
To conduct a search based on a specified parameter.  
1 Select the parameter from the Search Field.  
2 Enter the search string (may be a partial value) in the Value field.  
3 Select Search.  
Figure 4-7 Locator Tool VLAN Aliases and Colors  
Configuring  
Policy-based VLAN  
Auto-configuration  
This section describes the implementation of Policy based VLAN auto-  
configuration in ATM based VLAN environments.  
Policy based VLAN auto-configuration deals with VLAN configuration  
automation based on pre-defined policy or criteria. VLANs are logical  
associations of ports in the network based on users and services that are  
grouped together as a layer 2 broadcast domain.  
The policy dictates the method of creating a logical association. The  
policy can be defined to automatically configure VLANs based on users’  
MAC addresses and user/server subnet (layer 3) IDs. Policy-based  
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Configuring Policy-based VLAN Auto-configuration 4-25  
auto-configuration can be extended to include protocol-based VLAN  
auto-configuration and application-based VLAN auto-configuration.  
Automatic One of the most important considerations in automatic VLAN  
Configuration of configuration is network security. Network administrators must have  
VLANs and Netw ork complete control over how known users access and use the network. In  
Security addition to this, administrators must also have complete control over who  
accesses the network and the times and locations where the network was  
accessed from. Network intrusions must be detectable and dealt with  
automatically.  
When devices are setup for auto configuration based on a policy, all  
unused ports, or ports whose link status is down, are automatically  
placed in the default VLAN. The ports are moved out of the default VLAN  
only when a recognized endstation or user connects to a port. This  
ensures that unknown users do not have access to all VLANs in the  
network. The default VLAN can be secured by not enabling any network  
services within this VLAN, as well as not as connecting the default VLAN  
to the rest of the routed network.  
VLAN Server and  
The VLAN server is a parameter database or repository that holds the  
Automatic VLAN VLAN mapping information. The VLAN Server is an important component  
Configuration  
of the VLAN auto-configuration system. Devices that support VLAN  
auto-configuration query the VLAN Server to resolve the VLAN mapping  
information based on a pre-defined policy or criteria. For example:  
Devices that enforce the MAC address based automatic VLAN  
configuration policy query the VLAN server to resolve MAC address to  
VLAN mapping. The VLAN Server may contain VLAN mapping  
information based on MAC address, IP subnet, Protocol type etc.,  
depending on what policies are enforced on the network  
There are two types of VLAN servers currently implemented:  
1 Stand-alone NT based VLAN Server.  
2 Integrated TEM/Unix or TEM/NT based VLAN server.  
Stand-alone NT based VLAN Server.  
This server is used by SuperStack II Switch1000/3000 and Desktop  
switches when configured in AutoSelect Mode, to execute automatic  
VLAN configuration based on MAC addresses. See the description of  
AutoSelect Mode VLAN configuration.  
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4-26  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
Integrated TEM/Unix or TEM/NT Based VLAN Server.  
This server is integrated with the TEM application and is use in policy-  
based VLANs. Policy-based VLANs are supported on ATM-based switches  
such as the CoreBuilder 7000/7x00, SuperStack II Switch 1000 with ATM  
downlink, Switch 3000 with ATM downlink and Desktop Switch with  
ATM downlink.  
The integrated VLAN server can be populated using the BuildvDB tool in  
the ATMvLAN Tool bar and can be viewed and modified using the  
MACVdb Tool.  
Auto-select VLAN Configuration. The following describes how to  
configure the auto-select mode on Ethernet and Fast Ethernet based  
networks.  
Auto-select mode allows devices to automatically partition their ports into  
VLANs based on the MAC address of the endstation attached to the port.  
This mode is supported on SuperStack II Switch 1000, SuperStack II  
Switch 3000 and Desktop Switch.  
Please refer to the SuperStack II Switch 1000 and 3000 Configuration  
Manual for a description of this feature.  
When Auto-select mode is enabled, these switches communicate with  
the stand-alone VLAN Server to determine the MAC address to VLAN  
association. If a MAC address to VLAN association is not found in the  
VLAN server member table, the VLAN server returns a default VLAN ID  
(VLAN 1) and then enters the new MAC address into its member  
database and associates this new MAC address with VLAN 1.  
To move a MAC addresses from one VLAN to another, or to change a  
MAC address to VLAN association in the VLAN Server member database,  
the VLAN server database must be modified using the Locator tool. By  
modifying the mapping between a MAC address and the corresponding  
VLAN, you can indirectly move segments on the devices that are in the  
AutoSelect” mode to various VLANs based on the MAC address to  
VLAN association.  
The stand-alone VLAN Server database can be viewed and modified using  
the VLAN Server Member tab under the Locator Tool. The VLAN Server  
Scalar Parameters Tool under in the Locator is used to configure the  
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Configuring Policy-based VLAN Auto-configuration 4-27  
ATMvLAN application to recognize and communicate with an NT based  
stand-alone VLAN Server (IP address and SNMP community string).  
Configuring MAC- This section describes how to configure devices to enforce the  
based VLAN MAC-based policy.  
Auto-configuration  
When a device is configured for the MAC-based policy, it automatically  
partitions its ports into VLANs, based on the MAC address of the  
endstation that is attached to its ports. When an endstation attaches to a  
device, it automatically configures the endstations port to the correct  
VLAN based on the endstations MAC address. The device queries the  
VLAN Server to determine the correct VLAN associated with the  
endstation MAC address.  
Policy  
Under Auto-configuration mode, only one endstation is allowed to be  
connected to a device port.  
The following steps describe the configuration of MAC based Policy on  
devices:  
Aliases and Colors Configuration Tool. See “Configuring VLAN Aliases  
and Colors” on page 4-21.  
VLAN mapping information. See “Populate the Integrated VLAN Server  
database with MAC address to VLAN mapping information using Build  
UDB” on page 4-27  
3 Apply the MAC-based VLAN auto-configuration to the devices. See  
Apply the MAC-based VLAN Auto-configuration to the Devices” on  
page 4-31.  
4 Verify that automatic VLAN auto-configuration is activated.  
Populate the Integrated VLAN Server database w ith MAC address  
to VLAN mapping information using Build UDB  
1 Connect a PC to any port on an edge device.  
2 Generate some traffic from this PC so that its MAC address is learned by  
the device.  
3 Select the Users icon (from the ATMvLAN Toolbar).  
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4-28  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
4 Using the Build UDB tool, do an inventory of the network so that the  
MAC address location (device/port/VLAN) where this PC is attached to is  
learned and stored.  
Build UDB Tool The Build UDB tool can be configured to do an MAC address inventory of  
the entire network or a selected subset of devices on the network.  
To open the Build UDB Tool, see Figure 4-8, start the tool from the by  
selecting the Users icon. The Build UDB Tool lists all the edge devices in  
the network.  
To use the Build UDB Tool:  
1 Select the Select All button to select all the listed devices or highlight the  
devices that you want include. All the selected devices will be included in  
building the current devices database. The devices are sequentially  
added/updated to any previous database builds that were performed.  
For multiple device selection, press Ctrl and the left mouse button.  
2 Select the Start button in the Build UDB. Once started, the Build UDB Tool  
queries all the selected edge devices and collects MAC address  
information.  
Once the Build UDB Tool finishes a sweep of the network, you can verify  
the location of the endstation MAC addresses by using the MACvDB tab  
in the Locator Tool.  
Figure 4-8 The Build UDB Tool  
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Configuring and Using the MACvDB 4-29  
Configuring and  
The MACvDB is used to perform the following two functions:  
Using the MACvDB  
1 Finding a MAC address in the network.  
2 Mapping MAC addresses to VLANs.  
Finding a MAC Address  
Locating a MAC address allows the network administrator to see which  
switch the endstation is attached to.  
Mapping a MAC Address to a VLAN  
This feature is used by the MAC-based policy to determine the MAC  
address to VLAN mapping. By changing the MACvDB you can redirect  
MAC addresses to different VLANs. The MACvDB, see Figure 4-9, is  
populated automatically when you initiate the BuildvDB Tool. You use the  
Locator Tool to search, configure and modify parameters for the  
MAC-based policies.  
Searching the MACvDB  
To search the MACvDB using the Locator Tool:  
1 Click on the Locator Tool icon.  
2 Select the MACvDB tab.  
To search the MACvDB you may select one of the following search  
strings:  
Segment  
Switch  
MAC Address  
IP Address  
To search the databases:  
1 From the Search Field cascade, select the type of search string you want  
to locate in the database.  
2 In the Value field enter a partial value of the search string you are  
searching for and click Search.  
A search progress bar is displayed indicating the number of matches  
found for your search query.  
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4-30  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
The Search History indicates the searches you have perform thus far.  
To display the contents of your database:  
Select Search.  
Once the parameters appear in the display section you can edit or modify  
the database.  
It is recommended that you use the Edit mode if you are going to perform  
extensive modification to the database.  
Modifying the MACvDB  
To modify the MACvDB database:  
1 Click Edit.  
2 Select a row in the display.  
3 Use the bottom portion of the dialog box to edit parameters.  
4 Select Replace.  
A warning message appears if you try to modify the database while in  
Search mode.  
To add or delete database parameters:  
1 Select a row.  
2 Click Add or Delete.  
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Configuring and Using the MACvDB 4-31  
A warning message appears.  
Figure 4-9 The Locator Tool/MACvDB Tab  
Apply the MAC-based  
To apply the MAC-based auto-configuration policy to the devices you  
VLAN have to move the devices into the MAC-based policy.  
Auto-configuration  
to the Devices  
To move the devices into the MAC-based policy:  
1 Select the edge device in the ATMvLAN Devices map  
2 Select the MacBaseVlanPolicy icon in the ATMvLAN Policies map and then  
select the VLAN Move icon or the Move option from the ATMvLAN menu.  
The policy icon turns yellow, indicating that there are devices in the policy.  
To remove a device from a policy:  
1 Select the device in the policy map and then select the NullPolicy icon.  
2 Select the Move icon or the Move option from the ATMvLAN menu.  
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4-32  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
This removes the device from the policy.  
Once a device or port is put into a policy, all open/unused ports are  
automatically placed into the default VLAN. You will notice a message on  
the NMS screen saying that VLAN move has taken place.  
Verify that Automatic VLAN Auto-configuration is Activated.  
1 Move the PC from the port on the SuperStack II Switch 2700 to another  
open port on another SuperStack II 2700 (or another port on the same  
2700) or SuperStack II 1000 (the destination device must also be assigned  
to the policy) and generate a few pings.  
A message is displayed that the VLAN move completed successfully.  
2 Open the front panel view of the device and then check the VLAN colors.  
The port on the device where the PC is connected is now configured into  
the VLAN that its MAC address was mapped to. This VLAN configuration  
change may take a few seconds to be reflected in VLAN maps.  
Configuring IP  
Subnet-based VLAN  
Auto-configuration  
This section describes the IP Subnet-based VLAN auto-configuration  
policy. If an endstation IP subnet address is pre-mapped to a VLAN, then  
the edge devices configured for this policy will automatically configure  
the correct VLAN on the port that this station attaches based on the  
endstations IP Subnet Address.  
How Does IP Subnet-based VLAN Auto-configuration Compare to  
DHCP?  
When DHCP is enabled in the network, roving endstations can  
automatically query for and get an IP address and network access  
dynamically. The access to the network may not be optimal as the  
endstation is configured into the subnet of the building or location. Its  
services may be in another subnet or building. With IP Subnet-based  
VLANs, roving endstations can maintain their IP address and  
VLAN/Subnet and get optimal performance connectivity (layer 2  
connectivity) to their services (file services, print services).  
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Configuring IP Subnet-based VLAN Auto-configuration 4-33  
To configure of IP Subnet -based policy on devices you have to populate  
the VLAN server database with IP-Subnet to VLAN mapping information.  
1 Start the Locator Tool and select the SubnetVdb tab,.  
database. See “Searching the Subnet vDBon page 4-33.  
3 Modify the Subnet vDB to map IP subnets to VLANs. See Modifying the  
Subnet” on page 4-34.  
4 Move the devices into the IP Subnet-based policy. See See “Moving  
Devices into the IP Subnet-based Policy” on page 4-35.  
5 Verify that automatic IP Subnet-based VLAN auto-configuration is  
activated.  
Configuring and  
The Subnet vDB, see Figure 4-10, allows you to configure the Subnet  
Modifying the Subnet based policies.  
vDB  
Searching the Subnet vDB  
To search the Subnet vDB using the Locator Tool:  
1 Click on the Locator Tool icon.  
2 Select the Subnet vDB tab.  
To search the Subnet vDB you may select one of the following search  
strings:  
Protocol  
Subnet Address  
Mask  
VLAN Name  
1 From the Search Field cascade, select the type of search string you want  
to locate in the database.  
2 In the Value field enter a partial value of the search string you are  
searching for and click Search.  
A search progress bar is displayed indicating the number of matches  
found for your search query.  
The Search History indicates the searches you have perform thus far.  
To display the contents of your database:  
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4-34  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
Select Search.  
Once the parameters appear in the display section you can edit or modify  
the database.  
Modifying the Subnet  
To modify the SubnetvDB:  
1 Select a row.  
2 Use the bottom portion of the dialog box to edit parameters.  
3 Select Replace.  
A warning message appears if you try to modify the database while in  
Search mode.  
To add or delete database parameters:  
1 Select a row.  
2 Edit the parameters.  
3 Click Add or Delete.  
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Configuring IP Subnet-based VLAN Auto-configuration 4-35  
A warning message appears.  
Figure 4-10 The Locator Tool Subnet vDB  
Moving Devices into the IP Subnet-based Policy  
To move the devices into the IP Subnet-based policy:  
1 Select the edge device in the ATMvLAN Devices map  
2 Select the IP Subnet-based VLAN Policy icon in the ATMvLAN Policies  
map.  
3 Select the VLAN Move icon or the Move option from the ATMvLAN  
menu.  
The policy icon turns yellow, indicating that there are devices in the policy.  
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4-36  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
Verify that Automatic IP Subnet-based VLAN Auto-configuration  
Activated.  
1 Move the PC from the port on the SuperStack II Switch 2700 to another  
open port on another SuperStack II 2700 (or another port on the same  
2700) The destination device/port must also be assigned to the policy  
also. Generate a few pings to an unknown destination so that a  
broadcast ARP is generated.  
The first few packets must be a broadcast so that the switch can capture  
the information about the endstation. Switch 2700 and CoreBuilder 7x00  
cannot capture Unicast packets. The ping must be to an unknown  
destination so that an ARP broadcast is continuously generated.  
A message is displayed that the VLAN move completed successfully.  
If the PCs IP subnet is mapped to VLAN elanxx_x, when the PC is  
connected to a switch and it generates a broadcast, the device  
automatically configures the port to the VLAN that is mapped to PCs IP  
Subnet address.  
2 Open the front panel view of the device and then check the VLAN colors.  
The port on the device where the PC is connected is now configured into  
the VLAN that its MAC address was mapped to. This VLAN configuration  
change may take a few seconds to be reflected in VLAN maps.  
Configuring Devices such as SuperStack II Switch 1000, 3000, and Desktop Switches,  
AutoSelect VLANs on  
can be configured to automatically partition their ports into VLANs based  
Ethernet and on the MAC addresses of the endstations that are attached to them. The  
FastEthernet based  
Netw orks  
mode of operation on these devices is called the AutoSelect Mode.  
The behavior of devices when configured in the AutoSelect Mode is  
similar to policy-based VLAN auto-configuration based on MAC  
addresses, although using policies applies only to ATM edge devices.  
Non-ATM devices cannot be configured based on policies.  
When devices are configured to AutoSelect Mode, an external VLAN  
Server must be enabled in the network in order for the devices to query  
and retrieve MAC address to VLAN mapping information. This database  
can be populated using the VLAN Server Member Table Tool under the  
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Configuring IP Subnet-based VLAN Auto-configuration 4-37  
Locator Tool. The external VLAN server is also populated automatically  
when devices register their MAC addresses in it. By default all MAC  
addresses that are automatically registered are associated with VLAN 1  
(default VLAN).  
Configuring and Modifying the External VLAN Server Scalar  
Parameters  
The VLAN Server Scalar Parameters, see Figure 4-11, allows you to view  
configure the ATMvLAN application to recognize the VLAN server (IP  
address and SNMP Community String) as well as configure the VLAN  
servers Scalar parameters.  
The External VLAN servers IP address and SNMP community string may  
also be setup using a Configuration Assistant.  
To setup the External VLAN server IP address and SNMP community  
string:  
Select a work group VLAN icon in the VLAN map and then select the  
Configuration Assistant option in the Transcend -> ATMvLAN menu.  
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CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
Searching the VLAN Server Scalar Parameters  
To search the VLAN Server Scalar Parameters using the Locator Tool:  
1 Click on the Locator Tool icon.  
2 Select the VLAN Server Scalar Parameters.  
Figure 4-11 The Locator Tool VLAN Server Scalar Parameters  
Configuring and  
The VLAN Server Member Table, see Figure 4-12, allows you to view and  
Modifying the VLAN modify the External VLAN Server database.  
Server Member Table  
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Configuring IP Subnet-based VLAN Auto-configuration 4-39  
Searching the VLAN Server Member Table  
To search the VLAN Server Member Table using the Locator Tool:  
1 Click on the Locator Tool icon.  
2 Select the VLAN Member Table tab.  
3 Select the Get Button to download the VLAN Server database to a local  
database.  
4 Use the Search Button to find and MAC address.  
5 Use Edit Button to change its VLAN mapping.  
6 Use Apply Button to save it locally in the local database  
7 Use Set Button to upload the modified database to the VLAN Server.  
Figure 4-12 The Locator Tool VLAN Server Member Table  
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4-40  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
Configuring or  
View ing  
Administrative  
Status of ATM and  
VLAN Components  
To view or configure administrative status select the icon in the  
management maps and then select Configuration Assistant from the  
ATMvLAN menu  
or  
select the device component in the Topology Browser and then use the  
Configure icon to display the configuration dialog box.  
The LEC Configuration Parameter and Status Assistant  
The LEC Configuration dialog box, see Figure 4-13, shows the  
configuration, time-out, and status parameters of the LEC.  
To access the LEC Configuration dialog box:  
1 From one of the ATM and VLAN management maps, select an LEC icon,  
or in the LAN Emulation branch in the Topology Browser, select an LEC.  
2 Select the Configure icon.  
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Configuring or Viewing Administrative Status of ATM and VLAN Components 4-41  
Figure 4-13 The LEC Configuration Dialog Box  
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4-42  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
Table 4-1 Configuration Parameters  
Parameters  
Meaning  
Config Mode  
Indicates whether this LAN Emulation Client  
should auto-configure the next time it is  
restarted.  
LAN Type  
Dat Frame  
The data frame format which this client will  
use the next time it returns to the Initial  
State.  
The maximum data frame size which this  
client will use the next time it returns to the  
Initial State.  
ELAN Name  
LES Address  
The ELAN Name which this client will use the  
next time it returns to the Initial State.  
The LAN Emulation Server which this client  
will use the next time it is started in Manual  
Configuration Mode.  
Table 4-2 LEC Timeout Parameters  
Parameters  
Meaning  
Control Time-out  
Time-out period used for timing out most  
request/response control frame interactions.  
Signaling Time-out  
Ageing Time  
Time-out period used for timing out attempts  
to create VC.  
The maximum time that an LE Client will  
maintain an entry in its LE_ARP cache in the  
absence of a verification of that relationship.  
Table 4-3 LEC Status Parameters  
Parameters  
Meaning  
Admin Status  
The desired state of the LAN Emulation  
Client.  
LEC State  
Last Fail  
Fail State  
The current state of the LAN Emulation  
Client.  
Status code from the last failed Configure  
response or Join response.  
The state this client was in when it updated  
the lecLastFailureRespCode.  
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Configuring or Viewing Administrative Status of ATM and VLAN Components 4-43  
Table 4-4 LEC Configuration Window Actions  
Parameters  
Meaning  
LEC ID  
LE Client Identifier. Assigned by LE Server in  
the Join phase.  
LE Server Parameters & Status Configuration Assistant  
The LE Server Parameters & Status Window is displayed in Figure 4-14. It  
shows the Parameters and Status Parameters o the selected LES.  
Figure 4-14 LES Parameters and Status Configuration Assistant  
To access the window:  
From Backbone and Services window, select an LEServer icon and then  
select the Configure icon.  
From the VN_Name window, select an LES icon and then select the  
Configure icon.  
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4-44  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
Table 4-5 LES Parameters  
Parameters  
Description  
Type  
Meaning  
The ELAN Name of this LES.  
Either Ethernet or Token-Ring Bus.  
MTU  
The size of the largest packet which can be  
sent/received to/from the LES, specified in  
octets.  
Speed  
An estimate of the LES's current bandwidth  
The LES's ATM address.  
Address  
The LES Status is:  
Table 4-6 LES Status  
Status  
Meaning  
Values  
Admin Status  
The desired state of the  
LES.  
Enabled  
Disabled  
Test  
Oper Status  
The current operational  
state of the LES.  
Up  
Down  
Testing  
Unknown  
Dormant  
Table 4-7 Window Actions:  
To  
Select  
Click  
Change administration status of LES Admin Status option  
menu  
Apply  
Close window  
Close  
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Configuring or Viewing Administrative Status of ATM and VLAN Components 4-45  
Ethernet Port Parameters & Status Configuration Assistant  
The window shows the Port Parameters and the Port Status of the  
selected Ethernet port.  
Ethernet Port Parameters & Status Window is displayed in Figure 4-15.  
Figure 4-15 The LsEthPort Parameters Configuration Assistant  
To access the LsEthPort Configuration Assistant window:  
In the ATM Switch window, from Switch x.x.x.x, select an Ethernet  
port and then with the device view displayed, select Configuration  
Assistant from the ATMvLAN Toolbar.  
From an ATM SuperStack, select an Ethernet port on a SuperStack II  
Switch 2700 module and then with the device view displayed, select  
Configuration Assistant from the ATMvLAN Toolbar.  
From the CoreBuilder 7000 Front Panel, select an Ethernet port on a  
7200 Card and then with the device view displayed, select  
Configuration Assistant from the ATMvLAN Toolbar.  
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4-46  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
The port parameters are:  
Table 4-8 Port Parameters  
Parameters  
Meaning  
Description  
A textual string containing information about  
the interface, including the name of the  
manufacturer, the product name, and the  
version of the hardware/software.  
Type  
MTU  
The type of interface (Ethernet)  
The size of the largest packet which can be  
sent/received on the interface, specified in  
octets.  
Speed  
An estimate of the interface's current  
bandwidth in bits per second.  
Address  
The interface's MAC address.  
The Port Status is:  
Table 4-9 Port Status  
Status  
Meaning  
Values  
Admin Status  
The desired state of the  
interface. (The port is  
enabled/disabled by  
software).  
Enabled  
Disabled  
Test  
Oper Status  
The current operational  
state of the interface.  
Up  
Down  
Testing  
Unknown  
Dormant  
ATM Port Parameters & Status  
ATM Port Parameters & Status Window is displayed in Figure 4-16. It  
shows the Port Parameters and the Port Status of the selected ATM port.  
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Configuring or Viewing Administrative Status of ATM and VLAN Components 4-47  
Figure 4-16 LsOc3Portx x Window/ATM Port Parameters and Status  
To access the window:  
1 From Switch x.x.x.x, select an ATM port or from an ATM SuperStack,  
select an ATM port on a SuperStack II Switch 2700 module.  
2 With the device view displayed, select Configuration Assistant from the  
ATMvLAN Toolbar.  
The port parameters are:  
Table 4-10 Port Parameters  
Parameters  
Meaning  
Description  
A textual string containing information about  
the interface, including the name of the  
manufacturer, the product name, and the  
version of the hardware/software.  
Type  
The type of interface (ATM).  
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4-48  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
Table 4-10 Port Parameters  
Parameters  
Meaning  
MTU  
The size of the largest packet which can be  
sent/received on the interface, specified in  
octets.  
Speed  
An estimate of the interface's current  
bandwidth in bits per second.  
Address  
The interface's ATM address.  
The port status is:  
Table 4-11 Port Status  
Status  
Meaning  
Values  
Admin Status  
The desired state of the  
interface. (The port is  
enabled/disabled by  
software).  
Enabled  
Disabled  
Test  
Oper Status  
The current operational  
state of the interface.  
Up  
Down  
Testing  
Unknown  
Dormant  
Table 4-12 Window Actions:  
To:  
Select:  
Click  
Change administration status of  
port  
Admin Status option  
menu  
Apply  
Close window  
Close  
SuperStack II Sw itch 2700 Parameter and Status Information  
The SuperStack II Switch 2700 Parameter and Status Information window  
is displayed in Figure 4-17. The window shows system and chassis  
Information. This information is read-only.  
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Configuring or Viewing Administrative Status of ATM and VLAN Components 4-49  
Figure 4-17 The LinkSwitch/SuperStack Ii Switch 2700 Configuration Assistant  
To access the LinkSwitch/SuperStack II Switch 2700 Configuration  
Assistant:  
From ATMSwitchx.x.x.x, select SuperStack II Switch 2700 icon and  
then with the device view displayed, select Configuration Assistant  
from the ATMvLAN menu.  
From ATM devices, select SuperStack II Switch 2700 icon and then  
with the device view displayed, select Configuration Assistant from  
the ATMvLAN menu.  
From an ATM SuperStack II Switch 2700 icons, select SuperStack II  
Switch 2700 icon and then with the device view displayed, select  
Configuration Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu.  
From the LANE User icon, select SuperStack II Switch 2700 icon and  
then with the device view displayed, select Configuration Assistant  
from the ATMvLAN menu.  
From a Switch x.x.x.x, select System patch” and then with the device  
view displayed, select Configuration Assistant from the ATMvLAN  
menu.  
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4-50  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
From an ATM SuperStack, select System patch” for a SuperStack II  
Switch 2700 module and then with the device view displayed, select  
Configuration Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu.  
The system information is:  
Table 4-13 System Information  
Parameters  
Meaning  
Description  
A textual description of the SuperStack II  
Switch 2700 module.  
Sys Oid  
Contact  
System Object Id. Vendor identification of the  
SuperStack II Switch 2700 module.  
The textual identification of the contact  
person for this SuperStack II Switch 2700  
module, with information on how to contact  
this person.  
Location  
The physical location of this SuperStack II  
Switch 2700 module.  
The chassis information is:  
Table 4-14 Chassis Information  
Status  
Meaning  
Chassis Type  
An authoritative identification of the SuperStack II  
Switch 2700 module.  
Serial Number  
The serial number of this SuperStack II Switch 2700  
module.  
Table 4-15 Window Actions:  
To:  
Select:  
Click  
Close window  
Close  
CoreBuilder 7000 Module ATM Port Parameters & Status  
The CoreBuilder 7000 Module ATM Port Parameters & Status Window is  
displayed in Figure 4-18. It shows the Port Parameters and the Port Status  
of the selected CoreBuilder 7000 module port.  
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Configuring or Viewing Administrative Status of ATM and VLAN Components 4-51  
Figure 4-18 CoreBuilder Module ATM Port Parameters & Status  
To access the window:  
From a CoreBuilder.x.x.x.x, select an ATM port and then with the device  
view displayed, select Configuration Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu.  
The Port Parameters are:  
Table 4-16 Port Parameters  
Parameters  
Meaning  
Description  
A textual string containing information about  
the interface, including the name of the  
manufacturer, the product name, and the  
version of the hardware/software.  
Type  
MTU  
The type of interface (ATM).  
The size of the largest packet which can be  
sent/received on the interface, specified in  
octets.  
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4-52  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
Table 4-16 Port Parameters  
Parameters  
Meaning  
Speed  
An estimate of the interface's current  
bandwidth in bits per second.  
Address  
The interface's ATM address.  
The Port Status is:  
Table 4-17 Port Status  
Status  
Meaning  
Values  
Admin Status  
The desired state of the  
interface. (The port is  
enabled/disabled by  
software).  
Enabled  
Disabled  
Test  
Oper Status  
The current operational  
state of the interface.  
Up  
Down  
Testing  
Unknown  
Dormant  
Table 4-18 Window Actions:  
To:  
Select:  
Admin Status option menu  
Click  
Change administration  
status of port  
Apply  
Close window  
Close  
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Configuring or Viewing Administrative Status of ATM and VLAN Components 4-53  
CoreBuilder 7000 Module Parameter and Status Information  
CoreBuilder 7000 Module Parameter and Status Information Window is  
displayed in Figure 4-19. It shows system and chassis information. This  
information is read-only.  
Figure 4-19 CoreBuilder Parameter and Status Configuration Assistant  
To access the window:  
From CoreBuilderx.x.x.x, select IP Address Label and then with the  
device view displayed, select Configuration Assistant from the  
ATMvLAN menu.  
From ATMSwitchx.x.x.x, select the CoreBuilder 7000 module icon and  
then with the device view displayed, select Configuration Assistant  
from the ATMvLAN menu.  
From ATM devices, select the CoreBuilder 7000 module icon and then  
with the device view displayed, select Configuration Assistant from  
the ATMvLAN menu.  
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4-54  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
The System Information is:  
Table 4-19 System Information  
Parameters  
Meaning  
Description  
A textual description of the SuperStack II  
Switch 2700 module.  
Sys Oid  
Contact  
System Object Id. Vendor identification of the  
CoreBuilder 7000 module.  
The textual identification of the contact  
person for this CoreBuilder 7000 module,  
with information on how to contact this  
person.  
Location  
The physical location of this CoreBuilder  
7000 module.  
The Chassis Information is:  
Table 4-20 Chassis Information  
Status  
Meaning  
Chassis Type  
An authoritative identification of the CoreBuilder 7000  
module.  
Serial Number  
The serial number of this CoreBuilder 7000 module.  
Table 4-21 Window Actions:  
To:  
Select:  
Click  
Close Window  
Close  
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Configuring or Viewing Administrative Status of ATM and VLAN Components 4-55  
CoreBuilder 7000 Module Sw itch Board Parameters & Status  
CoreBuilder 7000 Module.x.x.x.x Parameters & Status Window is  
displayed in. It shows the Module Parameters and the Status of a  
CoreBuilder 7000 Module.  
Figure 4-20 The CB Switch Module Parameters and Status Configuration  
Assistant  
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4-56  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
To access the window:  
From a CoreBuilder.x.x.x.x, select Switch Board Module and then with  
the device view displayed, select Configuration Assistant from the  
ATMvLAN menu.  
The Module Parameters are:  
Table 4-22 Module Parameters  
Parameters  
Meaning  
Location  
Module slot number starting from 1.  
Counting starts at the upper-most module.  
Type  
An authoritative identification of the type of  
physical Module in this physical location.  
(Switch Board).  
S/W Version  
H/W Version  
Serial  
A textual description of the version/revision  
for this Module’s software.  
A textual description of the version/revision  
for this Module’s hardware.  
The serial number of the physical Module  
present in this physical location.  
The Module Status is:  
Table 4-23 Module Status  
Status  
Meaning  
The desired state of the  
Values  
Admin Status  
None  
module.  
Enabled  
Disabled  
Reset  
Load  
Test  
Oper Status  
The current operational  
state of the module.  
Other  
Invalid  
Test  
Oper  
Reset  
Warning  
nonFatalError  
fatalError  
Table 4-24 Window Actions:  
To:  
Select:  
Admin Status option menu  
Click:  
Change administration status of  
module  
Apply  
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Configuring PVCs 4-57  
Table 4-24 Window Actions:  
To:  
Select:  
Click:  
Close window  
Close  
Configuring PVCs  
You can configure Permanent Virtual Channels between ATM devices.  
To configure Permanent Virtual Channels between ATM devices:  
1 Locate the ATM devices that are to be connected. See “Locate the ATM  
Devices” on page 4-57.  
2 Display existing VCs between ATM devices. See “Display Existing VCs” on  
page 4-57.  
3 Establish new Permanent Virtual Channels. See “Establishing Permanent  
Virtual Channels” on page 4-57.  
Locate the ATM Devices  
To locate the two ATM devices, proceed as follows:  
1 Select an ATM Network Map.  
2 Select two ATM switches for which the PVC is to be established.  
Display Existing VCs  
To display existing VCs between two ATM devices:  
1 Select the two ATM switches for which the PVC is to be established.  
2 Select the Path icon or Path Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu.  
The ATM Path Assistant window displayed showing the existing VCs  
between the two ATM devices.  
Establishing Permanent Virtual Channels  
To establish a PVC between the two ATM devices:  
1 In the ATM Path Assistant window select VC -> Add PVC.  
2 In the VPI-VCI field enter the Virtual Path Identifier/Virtual Channel  
Identifier for the new PVC.  
Enter the VPI and VCI with a space between them.  
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4-58  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
VPI is in the range 0:4 and VCI in the range 64:511  
The new PVC is displayed in the window.  
Pinpointing Channel Congestion  
If you want to locate channel congestion, you can examine the ATM  
Paths using the VC Path Assistant. Congestion can be pinpointed to the  
individual links of the channel by means of the VC Path Statistics window.  
To display the VC Path Statistics window for a particular channel from the  
VC Path Assistant window select the channel and then select Statistics  
from the VC menu.  
The VC Path Statistics window appears as in Figure 4-21.  
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Configuring PVCs 4-59  
Figure 4-21 VC Path Statistics  
The VC Statistics window shows the traffic through each link of the trail  
in a bar graph. If the traffic is normal, the height of each bar should be  
approximately the same. However if the height of successive bars in the  
direction of the flow decreases sharply at a certain link, then that  
particular link is the source of congestion on the trail.  
Virtual Channels You can easily examine Virtual Channels in the Network-Network  
Across NNI and UNI Interface (NNI) and User-Network Interface (UNI) even if the icons are  
Interfaces located on two different Switch Domain windows.  
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4-60  
CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
To examine Virtual Channels:  
1 In the ATM Network window, double click on an ATM Switch Domain  
and select Zoom Physical from the ATMvLAN menu.  
The Virtual Path window is displayed as shown in Figure 4-22.  
2 Select any two ATM devices in the ATM Switch window.  
3 Select the Path icon or Path Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu.  
The Path ATM Switch window is displayed showing all paths between the  
two ATM devices.  
.
Figure 4-22 The Virtual Path window  
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Configuring PVCs 4-61  
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CHAPTER 4: NETWORK CONFIGURATION TASKS  
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NETWORK MODIFICATION TASKS  
5
This chapter describes how to perform the following ATM and VLAN  
Management network modification tasks.  
The following topics are described:  
VLAN Moves  
Enabling and Disabling Ports  
Manual LECS Database Modification  
VLAN Moves  
There are two types of VLAN moves:  
moving Ethernet segments between VLANs  
moving Ethernet segments or devices between policies  
Moving Ethernet Frequently, it is necessary to move, or reassign one or more Ethernet  
Segments Betw een Segments (Ethernet ports) from one VLAN to another VLAN. This  
VLANs operation is required when a port which was previously used by a  
member of one group is to be used by a member of a different group.  
One example might be transferring a port from a member of the  
Engineering VLAN to a member of the Marketing VLAN. Non ATM-based  
VLANs are moved in exactly the same way as ATM-based VLANs.  
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5-2  
CHAPTER 5: NETWORK MODIFICATION TASKS  
Several methods are provided for moving Ethernet segments between  
Using the VLAN Move Operation  
Drag-and-Drop Ethernet Segments Between VLAN Windows.  
For the SuperStack II Switch 2700 or CoreBuilder with 7x00 card, see  
Drag-and-Drop on Front Panel Window.  
Automatic VLAN Moves Based on Policies.  
Moving Ports Between Protocol-based VLANs.  
The first two methods work on all VLAN types; the others apply to  
specific types of VLANs as denoted. With the first method you can  
“aggregate” segments to move many segments at once and you can  
move segments to different VLANs at the same time. The second and  
third methods are more intuitive and are quicker for moving individual  
segments.  
Using the VLAN Move Operation  
To use the VLAN Move operation:  
1 Select the Ethernet segments to be moved in either the VLAN-name  
window or the LANE User window.  
2 Select the destination VLAN in the Virtual LANs window and then from  
the ATMvLAN menu select ATMvLAN Move.  
You can locate the Ethernet segment icons by stepping down through  
windows. Alternatively, if the segment label is known to you, you can use  
the HPOV Locate option. see “Locating Ethernet Segments Using the  
HPOV Locate Option” on page 5-6.  
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VLAN Moves 5-3  
To locate Ethernet segments:  
1 In the Root window, double click on the Virtual LANs icon or highlight the  
icon and from the ATMvLAN menu select Zoom Physical. Alternatively,  
you can descend through the LAN Emulation windows to the LANE User  
window. See “Using the LAN Emulation Window” on page 5-6.  
The Virtual LANs Window is displayed as in Figure 5-1.  
.
Figure 5-1 The Virtual LANs window  
2 In the Virtual LANs window, double click on the source VN-vLAN_name or  
WG-name icon, or highlight the icon and then select the Zoom Physical  
from the ATMvLAN menu.  
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5-4  
CHAPTER 5: NETWORK MODIFICATION TASKS  
The VN-vLAN_name window appears as in Figure 5-2, with the Ethernet  
segments associated with the selected VLAN displayed.  
Figure 5-2 The VN_name window  
3 Reposition the VN-vLAN_name window so that it is separate from the  
Virtual LANs window.  
4 In the VN-vLAN_name window, identify the Ethernet segment icons to be  
moved by their IP addresses and port numbers.  
The IP Address with the addition of the number of the port to which the  
segment is connected identifies the Ethernet segment. The last number in  
the segments icon label indicates the port number. For example, the  
following icon label indicates that Ethernet segment 100.0.0.0 is  
connected to port 6.  
Seg.100.0.0.90.6  
5 Select the Ethernet segment icons to be moved.  
In the HPOV platform, use CTRL/MB1 for multiple selections. You may  
also select a rectangle over an area to enclose multiple Ethernet segment  
icons using the drag/MB1 feature.  
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VLAN Moves 5-5  
The port icons, colored brown, are part of the admin VLAN. These icons  
cannot be moved from the admin VLAN to other VLANs in SuperStack II  
Switch 2700 or CoreBuilder with the 7X00 card units.These ports can be  
moved from the admin VLAN to other VLANs in SuperStack II Switch  
1000/3000 and Desktop Switches.  
6 In the Virtual LANs window, select the destination VLAN.  
Be certain to press Ctrl/MB1 when selecting the destination VLAN, so that  
Ethernet segments remain selected in the source window.  
7 Select the Path Assistant option from the ATMvLAN menu.  
The VLAN Move window is displayed, indicating the destination VLAN  
name and device and address of the segment moved.  
The Ethernet segments are not moved until the Apply button is pressed.  
Meanwhile, the icons of the segments turn yellow. At this point you can  
select another set of source and destination icons and select the Move  
icon or ATMvLAN Move again. Each time you select the Move option, the  
new segments are added to the VLAN Move window. See Figure 5-3.  
Figure 5-3 The VLAN Move window  
8 Repeat steps 5 to 7 until all Ethernet Segments to be moved are listed on  
the VLAN Move window.  
9 To execute the move, click Apply in the VLAN Move window. To cancel  
the move, close the VLAN Move window.  
An information box is displayed for each segment moved successfully.  
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5-6  
CHAPTER 5: NETWORK MODIFICATION TASKS  
Using the LAN Emulation Window  
1 In the Root window, double click on the LAN Emulation icon or highlight  
the icon and select the Zoom icon.  
2 Double click on the source LANE User or highlight the icon and select the  
Zoom icon.  
The LANE User window is displayed with the Ethernet segments  
associated with the selected VLAN.  
3 Proceed with step 4 as described in the previous section.  
Locating Ethernet Segments Using the HPOV Locate Option  
A quick way to locate a specific Ethernet Segment in a large system with  
many Ethernet Segments is the Network Management Platform (e.g., HP  
OpenView) Locate service.  
To use the Locate option:  
1 In an OpenView window, select Locate->Objects->by_Symbol_Label.  
The Locate by Label dialog box is displayed.  
2 Type in the Ethernet Segment port address and click Apply.  
A list of occurrences of the label in all OpenView Windows is displayed.  
3 Highlight the Ethernet segment (port address) you want to locate.  
The selected Ethernet segment will be highlighted in the VLAN and/or  
LAN Emulation window that is open on your display.  
Drag-and-Drop Ethernet Segments Betw een VLAN Window s  
The “Drag-and-Drop” method is also available for moving Ethernet  
segments between VLANs. With this method you open both source and  
destination VN-VLAN-name windows and drag an Ethernet segment  
from the source window and drop it into the destination window.  
Perform the following steps to use this method. Refer to the previous  
method for details:  
1 Open the source VN-vLAN_name or WG-name window and locate the  
Ethernet segments to be moved by their IP addresses and port numbers.  
2 In the VN-vLAN_name or WG-name window, select the Ethernet segment  
icons to be moved.  
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VLAN Moves 5-7  
In the HPOV platform, use CTRL/MB1for multiple selections or select a  
rectangle over an area to enclose multiple Ethernet segment icons using  
the drag/MB1 feature.  
3 Open the destination window. You do not need to select anything.  
4 Using the middle mouse button, drag the Ethernet segment from the  
source VLAN window to the destination VLAN window and release.  
The VLAN Move window is displayed. See Figure 5-3.  
5 Repeat steps 2 to 4 until all Ethernet Segments to be moved are listed on  
the VLAN Move Window.  
6 To execute the moves, click Apply in the VLAN Move window. To cancel  
the operation close the VLAN Move window.  
An information box is displayed for each segment moved successfully.  
Drag-and-Drop on Front Panel Window  
This method makes it possible to move one or more Ethernet segments  
between VLANs using the drag-and-drop technique in a single window.  
To use drag-and-drop on the Front Panel window method:  
1 Open either the Superstack II Switch 2700 or CoreBuilder with 7x00 card  
Front Panel window. See Chapter 4 for a description on how to access  
these windows.  
(segments) is displayed. See Figure 5-4 for an example of the SuperStack  
II Switch 2700 Front Panel display.  
Only VLANs whose names and colors were defined at setup appear on  
the front panel VLAN display. Defining VLAN aliases is described  
Configuring VLAN Aliases and Colors” on page 4-21.  
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5-8  
CHAPTER 5: NETWORK MODIFICATION TASKS  
When you toggle on a VLAN name, the lines underneath the ports  
become the alias color of the VLAN, thus making it easier to identify the  
ports associated with the VLAN.  
Figure 5-4 SuperStack II Switch 2700 Front Panel Display  
2 Click on the destination Ethernet ports (segments).  
You can use the drag/MB1 feature to select a rectangle and enclose  
multiple ports. The selected ports background is displayed in blue. If you  
are moving segments to one port only you do not need to perform this  
step.  
To undo a selection, click on the bottom of the Front Panel Display  
window.  
3 Using MB2, select the VLAN button on the bottom of the Front Panel and  
drag it to the new port number and release (drop).  
When selecting the VLAN, a move icon appears, containing a square and  
a running figure. Be certain to place the square portion of the icon  
directly over the port.  
If you drop the destination VLAN on a port which you did not select, the  
result will be that the port will be moved along with the selected ports.  
The VLAN Move window is displayed.  
4 Click Apply.  
An information box is displayed for each segment moved successfully.  
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VLAN Moves 5-9  
Automatic VLAN Moves Based on Policies  
In addition to the manual VLAN Move method above, devices can be  
setup to automatically configure themselves into VLANs based on  
policies. Using this method, ports automatically move between VLANs.  
The changes are dynamically reflected in the VLAN maps. Policy-based  
VLAN Auto-configuration is described in detail in Chapter 4.  
Moving Ports The VLAN Move method described in Moving Ethernet Segments  
Betw een Between VLANs” on page 5-1 also works for moving ports between  
Protocol-based VLANs protocol-based VLANs in the CoreBuilder 2500 with one important  
difference. When the source and destination VLAN are not of the same  
protocol type, the port will belong to both source and destination VLAN  
after the move is complete. It is moved to the destination VLAN but not  
removed from the source VLAN. This behavior takes into account the  
possibility that one port can belong to several protocol-based VLANs as  
long as they are of different types (two different IP VLANs are considered  
to be different types). On the other hand, if the source and destination  
VLANs are of the same type, the port will be deleted from the source  
VLAN.  
Removing a Port from a Protocol-based VLAN  
In the event that a port is not removed from a source VLAN subsequent  
to a VLAN Move operation, it can be removed by performing the  
following:  
1 Select the segment(s) to be removed from the source VLAN window.  
2 Select the ATMvLAN Move from the ATMvLAN menu.  
3 When the VLAN Create window appears select the protocol type  
None.”  
For each segment that was selected, a list of VLANs that the segment  
belongs to is displayed.  
4 For each segment, select the VLANs from which the segment is to be  
removed.  
A list of all segments to be removed is displayed in the VLAN Move  
window.  
5 Press Apply on the VLAN Move window.  
The segments are removed from the VLANs.  
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5-10  
CHAPTER 5: NETWORK MODIFICATION TASKS  
Local VLANs and  
Local VLANs act as “holding” VLANs in the event that LAN Emulation  
VLAN Move connectivity is incomplete. Although local VLANs cannot be directly  
established by the ATMVLAN manager, they can be activated during a  
VLAN Move operation involving ATM-based VLANs.  
When Ethernet segments in a device are reassigned to a different VLAN  
they are detached from the LEC of the old VLAN and attached to the LEC  
of the new VLAN. When the new VLAN already exists in the device, then  
the new segments are simply added to the others.  
A different situation occurs when the new VLAN does not yet exist in the  
device. A new LEC for the new VLAN needs to be established in the  
device and that LEC needs to be connected to its LES. This process can  
take time and in some cases may not succeed. Meanwhile, the Ethernet  
segments to be moved are placed in a local VLAN created to hold them  
temporarily. This is signified by a new VLAN icon with the label Local  
VLAN” appearing on the VLAN window. The segments to be moved are  
inside the local VLAN icon and will appear on the destination VLAN  
display only when the connection to the LES is complete.  
Policy-Based Moves Adding a segment or device to a policy results in the enforcement of the  
policy on that device. The policies may be configuration policies, security  
policies or other predefined policies. Devices or proxies that enforce the  
policy continuously follow the following three procedures:  
1 Snooping  
2 Resolution  
3 Configuration  
Snooping  
The device or proxy enforcing a policy will first snoop the frames going  
throughout the device. Snooping allows the device to recognize various  
frames or frame contents. This information is then used in the policy  
resolution process.  
For example: If a segment is assigned to a MAC-based auto-VLAN  
configuration policy, the device containing that segment snoops on the  
frames originating from behind that segment. After snooping it tries to  
resolve the MAC address of the station residing behind that segment.  
This information (the source MAC address) is then used to resolve the  
VLAN configuration of that port.  
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VLAN Moves 5-11  
Using the information derived from the snooping procedure, the device  
then attempts to resolve something based on the policy it is trying to  
enforce. For example, if the policy is a MAC-based auto-VLAN  
configuration policy, the device will resolve the MAC address to VLAN  
mapping using external services where the mapping information is  
stored. This may result in a query to an external server asking for the  
VLAN mapping information. This resolution then results in a  
configuration change, thus enforcing that policy.  
Configuration  
Following snooping and resolution, the device enforcing a policy will  
make the necessary configuration changes in the device to enforce the  
policy.  
For example, if a device is enforcing a security policy on a segment, the  
device first snoops for the MAC address of the station connected to that  
segment. The device then resolves (concludes) if that MAC address is  
allowed to use the network. The resolution may be based on a query to  
an external MAC address inventory server. If the device resolves not to  
allow the endstation to use the network, (if the MAC address is unknown  
to the inventory server), the device can configure the port into a  
partitioned state, thus enforcing a security policy on that port.  
The following configuration policies are available in this release:  
MAC-based automatic VLAN configuration policy  
Segments or devices assigned to this policy automatically are  
configured into various VLANs based on a predefined MAC address to  
VLAN mapping. This policy can be applied to the CoreBuilder  
7x00-series interface cards and SuperStack II Sw itch 2700, 1000,  
3000 and Desktop Sw itches w hen used as ATM edge devices.  
The MAC address to VLAN mapping information is stored in a  
parameter database named MAC Vdb. This database can be  
automatically populated with MAC address information by using the  
BuildvDB tool. The BuildvDB tool, once activated, automatically builds  
an inventory of MAC addresses that exist in the network.  
MAC-based VLSR  
This policy is exactly same as the above MAC based policy but in this  
case the MAC address to VLAN mapping is stored in an external VLAN  
server parameter database. This policy is to be used when an external  
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5-12  
CHAPTER 5: NETWORK MODIFICATION TASKS  
VLAN server is deployed in the network. This policy is not supported in  
this release.  
IP Subnet based automatic VLAN configuration policy  
Segments or devices assigned to this policy will automatically be  
configured into various VLANs based on a predefined IP Subnet  
address to VLAN mapping. A parameter database called Subnet Vdb  
must be created and setup using the Locator Tool prior to using this  
policy. This policy can only be applied to CoreBuilder 7x00-series  
interface cards and SuperStack II Switch 2700 ports in this release.  
Null Policy  
This policy is used for removing segments and devices from assigned  
policies. Once segments or devices are placed in the Null Policy, the  
original policy is no longer enforced on that device or segment.  
Performing ATM and VLAN Policies Map  
Policy-based VLAN  
Moves  
The ATM and VLAN Policies Map, see Figure 5-5, is used for managing  
the logical connectivity of end-users or segments through Virtual LANs  
based on predefined policies. The ATM and VLAN Policies Map displays a  
set of policies and the segments or devices assigned to each policy.  
Each policy icon represents a predefined policy to which various segments  
and devices in the network may be assigned. Once a segment or a device  
is assigned to a policy via a simple move mechanism, the device  
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Enabling and Disabling Ports 5-13  
associated to the segment (or another proxy device) will enforce the  
policy on that device or segment.  
Figure 5-5 ATM and VLAN Policy Map  
You can move segments from one policy to another using the same  
operations as the VLAN Move. See Moving Ethernet Segments Between  
VLANs” on page 5-1.  
For a more detailed description, see “Configuring Policy-based VLAN  
Auto-configuration” on page 4-24.  
Enabling and  
You can enable or disable ports from each device front panel display.  
Disabling Ports  
1 Double click on the port or select ATMvLAN Configuration Assistant. The  
appropriate Configuration window appears.  
2 Toggle on Enable or Disable.  
3 Click Apply for changes to take effect.  
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5-14  
CHAPTER 5: NETWORK MODIFICATION TASKS  
Manual LECS  
Database  
Modification  
The Manual LANE Redundancy Configuration Assistant is used for  
manually modifying a specific LECS database, to enable a backup LES, or  
to re-enable a primary LES when the backup is enabled. This  
configuration assistant allows the operator to manage manual LANE  
redundancy.  
The failed LES is located according to its address by scrolling the ELAN IDs  
window and the backup LES is activated by clicking on its radio button.  
Manually Modifying LANE Redundancy  
You can modify the database of an LECS that was not automatically  
changed by the LANE monitor using the Manual LANE redundancy  
Assistant.  
To modify the database:  
1 From the LAN Emulation window or Topology Browser select the  
Backbone and Service icon or branch.  
2 From the ATMvLAN menu select Zoom Physical. The Backbone and  
Services window is displayed.  
3 Select the LECS which contains the database you want to modify.  
4 Select the Configure Assistant option from the ATMvLAN menu. The  
Manual LANE Redundancy window is displayed. See Figure 5-6.  
Figure 5-6 The Backbone and Services Configuration Assistant/Manual LANE  
Redundancy  
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Manual LECS Database Modification 5-15  
Each ELAN contains two entries of LES addresses.  
5 For each ELAN, select the LES that was not automatically changed.  
6 Click Apply to update the database.  
Manual LANE Redundancy operates on only one LECS at a time. You can  
select the LECS in the Topology Tool or in the Backbone and Services map.  
The Automatic LANE redundancy monitor, see page 4-14, must be  
disabled and then restarted after manually fixing the LECS database.  
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5-16  
CHAPTER 5: NETWORK MODIFICATION TASKS  
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NETWORK TROUBLESHOOTING  
TASKS  
6
This chapter describes how to perform the following ATM and VLAN  
LANE Level Troubleshooting  
ATM Network Level Troubleshooting  
Virtual LANs Level Troubleshooting  
Path Assistants for Identifying Connectivity and Performance Problems  
Color Status and  
Propagation  
An extensive context status notification scheme is supported in the ATM  
and VLAN Management software.  
The same network event may cause different status on different logical  
maps/icons. For example, an LEC that cannot join its LES is considered a  
critical event in the LAN Emulation Map and not necessarily a fault in the  
ATM or Device map. The severity depends on the context or the logical  
domain. Colors propagate upwards to the parent icon, so that the next  
highest level windows color is influenced.  
There are high-end platform-configured icon status colors defined for  
Transcend icons. Each status has a default color that can be changed by  
the user.  
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6-2  
CHAPTER 6: NETWORK TROUBLESHOOTING TASKS  
The icon statuses are listed in Table 6-1 according to the severity of the  
fault.  
Table 6-1 Color Coding Key  
Status  
Color  
Critical  
Red  
Major  
Orange  
Yellow  
Green  
Brown  
Blue  
Minor  
Normal  
User-definable  
Unknown  
Device Level  
Table 6-2 indicates operating statuses of the ATMvLAN Device icons.  
Troubleshooting  
Table 6-2 Color Key For Root Window and Devices  
Status  
/Color  
Map  
Icon  
Status Cause  
Root  
Each icon reflects highest priority status of maps below it.  
ATMvLAN Devices CoreBuilder, Switch  
2700, 7X00, Switch  
X000,CoreBuilder  
Critical  
Does not respond to SNMP.  
5000, CoreBuilder  
2500/6000, and  
LANplex  
2016/5000  
Major  
Minor  
There is a hardware problem  
in the device.  
There are device ports which  
are enabled but in down  
state.  
Normal  
Device operating normally.  
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LANE Level Troubleshooting  
6-3  
LANE Level  
Table 6-3 indicates operating statuses of the ATMvLAN Device icons  
Troubleshooting  
Table 6-3 Color Key for LANE Level  
LAN Emulation All icons reflect highest priority status of maps below it.  
Backbone and LES  
Services  
Critical  
Not defined for this version  
Major  
Minor  
Does not respond to SNMP  
There is a user-defined name for  
this VLAN ID, but there is no LEC  
connected.  
Brown  
Normal  
Critical  
There is no LEC connected.  
In operational state.  
LEC  
The LEC is not connected to the  
LES. It may be in join, configure or  
LECS connect state.  
Major  
Does not respond to SNMP  
In initial state  
Minor  
Normal  
Major  
In operational state.  
LECS  
Does not respond to SNMP  
Enabled but not active.  
Minor  
Unknown  
The LES is enabled but the LECS is  
disabled on the CoreBuilder device.  
Normal  
Critical  
Enabled and operational.  
LANE User  
LEC  
The LEC is not connected to the  
LES. It may be in join, configure or  
LECS connect state.  
Major  
Minor  
Normal  
Major  
Does not respond to SNMP.  
In initial state  
In operational state.  
Segment  
The device connecting this segment  
does not respond to SNMP.  
Brown  
The first segment on the device  
may appear in this status. All other  
segments on the device are  
operating normally.  
Unknown  
Device (all segments) operating  
normally.  
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6-4  
CHAPTER 6: NETWORK TROUBLESHOOTING TASKS  
ATM Netw ork Level  
Troubleshooting  
Table 6-4 indicates operating statuses of the ATM and VLAN Network  
icons.  
Table 6-4 Color Key for Network icons  
ATM Network  
Switch Domain  
Critical  
Major  
Minor  
One or more of the lower  
level devices has an error of  
highest severity  
One or more of the lower  
level devices has a hardware  
problem.  
One or more lower level  
devices has device ports  
which are enabled but in  
down state.  
Normal  
Device operating normally.  
ATM Switch  
Domain  
This icon shows the highest priority status of the edge devices  
below it.  
Virtual LANs Level  
Troubleshooting  
Table 6-5 indicates operating statuses of the ATM and VLAN Network  
icons.  
Table 6-5 Color Key for Virtual LANs Icons  
Virtual LANs  
Virtual LAN  
Critical  
Major  
The LES is in major state.  
One of the devices  
configured to use this VLAN  
does not respond to SNMP.  
Minor  
Brown  
There is a user-defined name  
for this VLAN ID but there is  
no LEC connected.  
There is no segment  
connected.  
VLAN  
LES  
Critical  
Major  
Not defined for this version.  
Does not respond to SNMP.  
Minor  
Brown  
There is a user-defined name  
for this VLAN ID but there is  
no LEC connected.  
There is no LEC connected.  
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Virtual LANs Level Troubleshooting  
6-5  
Table 6-5 Color Key for Virtual LANs Icons  
Normal  
Major  
Device operating normally.  
Segment  
The device connecting this  
segment does not respond  
to SNMP.  
Brown  
The first segment on the  
device may appear in this  
status. All other segments on  
the device are operating  
normally.  
Unknown  
Device (all segments)  
operating normally.  
Identifying VLAN After the redundancy in the LAN Emulation Server has taken effect, the  
Splits LAN Emulation Clients (LECs) are moved to the backup services. There  
may be circumstances where some of the LAN Emulation Clients (LECs)  
remain connected to the primary LAN Emulation Server (LES) and are not  
moved to the backup LES. This condition creates a VLAN (ELAN) split. The  
VLAN split is caused because several LAN Emulation Clients (LECs)  
belonging to the same ELAN are bound to different LAN Emulation  
Servers. The split may occur when a LAN Emulation Server(LES) fails and  
the NMS changes the LAN Emulation Configuration Server database.  
Indications in the VLAN Map  
You can see the indication of the VLAN split in the VLAN Map when the  
icon for the primary VLAN (ELAN), with respect to the backup, is still  
green. This condition indicates that LAN Emulation Clients are still  
attached.  
Under normal circumstances only one ELAN either primary or backup,  
should be green.  
Indications in the Backbone and Services Window  
You can see the indication of a VLAN split in the Backbone and Services  
window as different LAN Emulation Clients (LECs), belonging to the same  
ELAN, are bound to both the primary and backup LAN Emulation Server  
(LES) of an ELAN.  
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6-6  
CHAPTER 6: NETWORK TROUBLESHOOTING TASKS  
To unify the split VLANS:  
Check that all the LAN Emulation Configuration Servers have the  
same LAN that is displaying the split.  
Using the Network Management Station, move the ports displayed in  
the primary VLAN to a temporary VLAN. Move the ports from the  
temporary VLAN into the backup VLAN.  
Empty ELANS in the network are indicated with a brown color key.  
Path Assistants for  
Identifying  
Connectivity and  
Performance  
Problems  
You can use the ATM and VLAN Management Path assistants to display  
the paths ATM devices and between network elements that are part of  
LAN Emulation.  
LE Path Assistant The LE Path Assistant allows you to select any two LE Clients or two LAN  
segments and to obtain the following information:  
Address resolution through the LE Server  
Control distributed path (direct)  
Multicast forward addressing through the BUS  
Data direct path  
The Path Assistant displays the corresponding segment, its proxy client, its  
LE services ATM address, and assists in verifying that the connections are  
viable.  
To access the LE Path window, in the Topology Browser, click on two ATM  
Switches and then click on the Path icon.  
ATM Path Assistant The ATM Path Assistant allows you to select any to ATM UNI or NNI  
endpoints across the network and to see the physical path as well as the  
VCCs established between the two endpoint. The following information  
can be obtained from this assistant window:  
The physical path including all the intermediate switch nodes and the  
physical link between them  
The ports at the ends of the physical links  
The VCCs established between the end points  
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Path Assistants for Identifying Connectivity and Performance Problems 6-7  
The ATM path assistant also allows you to setup PVCs between the  
selected endpoint.  
Tracing a VC Path To trace a VC Path between two ATM nodes perform the following tasks:  
Betw een Tw o ATM  
Select two ATM end nodes in the Topology or management maps, and  
then select the Path icon.  
End Nodes  
Tracing the LAN To trace the LAN Emulation control VCCs between two LANE clients  
Emulation Control perform the following steps:  
VCCs Betw een Tw o  
LANE Clients  
1 In the LAN Emulation Map or branch entry in the Topology Browser, select  
two LECs attached to the same LES.  
2 Select the Path icon.  
The LE-Assist window is displayed showing the control VCCs between the  
two LECs and the LANE services (LES/BUS).  
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6-8  
CHAPTER 6: NETWORK TROUBLESHOOTING TASKS  
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NETWORK PERFORMANCE  
MEASUREMENT TASKS  
7
This chapter describes how to perform the following ATM and VLAN  
Measuring Network -wide ATM Traffic Performance Using the  
Measuring Device Level Performance  
Displaying Port Level Statistics  
LANE Component Statistics  
Switch Domain Statistics  
Measuring Netw ork  
-w ide ATM Traffic  
Performance Using  
the Bandw idth Icon  
The Bandwidth icon opens the NNIx (Network Node Interface Traffic) Tool  
that graphically displays the traffic patterns between ATM switches in the  
network. It can be configured to collect, display and store information  
about good or bad (error cell) traffic patterns across the network.  
The NNIx Tool can be configured to collect traffic information between  
two or more ATM switches. The ATM switches can be selected from a file  
browser type selector window called NNIx Browser which lists all the ATM  
switches in the network hierarchically based on Enhanced IISP address  
structure. Selected ATM switches can be added to the NNIx Map using  
the Hide (plus) Button. The Show Subtree (double plus) button can be  
used to add the entire ATM switch hierarchy (a root switch and all the  
switches below it). Upon adding switches to the NNIx map, the NNIx tool  
automatically starts collecting traffic information on the NNI links  
between the switches and the in and out traffic of each ATM switch.  
The Configure option under the map menu of the NNIx map can be used  
to customize the NNIx tool.  
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7-2  
CHAPTER 7: NETWORK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TASKS  
The historical data collected and stored by the NNIx tool can be graphed  
viewed as line graphs, pie charts and bar graphs.  
The following sections describe the various components of the NNIx tool  
as well as how to configure the tool for historical data collection.  
The NNIx Tool is composed of two windows: the NNIx Browser and the  
NNIx Map.  
NNIx Brow ser The NNIx Browser lists all the ATM switches in the network. The NNIx  
Browser is used to select a switch, or multiple switches and add to the  
NNIx map.  
Figure 7-1 The NNIx Browser  
You can also select a hierarchy of switches to add or delete from the NNIx  
map display. You may open several maps simultaneously for display, but  
only one map may be active at a time. The active map is indicated with  
three asterisks on the window title bar.  
The convention used for active windows is not a highlighted title bar. The  
NNIx Browser must be open to display NNIx maps. To exit the application,  
close the NNIx Browser.  
To display the switch hierarchy in the NNIx Browser  
Double click on an ATM Switch entry in Browser list.  
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Measuring Network -wide ATM Traffic Performance Using the Bandwidth Icon  
7-3  
To select a switch for display on the active NNIx Map  
1 Click on the ATM Switch entry in the NNIx Browser.  
2 Click on the Show (plus) icon.  
To select a switch hierarchy for display on the active NNIx map  
1 Click on the ATM Switch entry in the NNIx Browser.  
2 Click on the Show Subtree (double plus) icon.  
Once the switches are added to the NNIx map, data collection starts  
automatically.  
To delete nodes from the NNIX Map:  
SIn the NNIx Browser, select the node and then select the “-” icon  
or  
in the NNIx Map, select the nodes and then select Map -> Delete Node.  
Select Map -> Clear All to clear all the nodes from the Map.  
NNIx Map The NNIx Maps display the traffic patterns on the ATM switches. Each  
NNIx map is given a unique consecutive number. After you close a map,  
and open a new map, the map receives the first available number of the  
map that was closed. For example, Maps 1, 2 and 3 are created. Map 2 is  
closed. The new map will receive the number 2.  
Figure 7-2 NNIx Map  
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7-4  
CHAPTER 7: NETWORK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TASKS  
Each ATM switch is displayed as a circular icon which is also a pie chart  
representing the in and out UNI traffic corresponding to that switch. The  
upper 1/2 portion of the pie represents the maximum percentage of  
speed of the out traffic and is colored red.The lower portion of the circle  
represents the maximum percentage of speed of the in traffic and is  
colored magenta.  
The IP address of the switch is labeled below a switch icon.  
The lines between the switch icons represents the NNI links and the traffic  
load on each link is dynamically updated and is represented by a unique  
color. The links are color coded according to the following legend:  
0-5% White  
5-10% Yellow  
10-20% Green  
20-40% Blue  
40-100% Red  
The legend information can also be viewed by selecting the Map Legend  
option under the Map menu of the NNIx map.  
To display the node configuration:  
Select the switch in the NNIx Map and then select Node Configuration.  
The following static parameters of the switch are shown:  
name  
IP address  
ATM address  
Configuring and  
The NNIx tool has a very rich set of configuration and customization  
Customizing the NNIx options. To configure and customize the NNIx tool, select the  
Tool Configuration option in the Map menu of the NNIx Map.  
The Configuration and Customization window contains the following  
tabs.  
Map Configuration Tab  
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Measuring Network -wide ATM Traffic Performance Using the Bandwidth Icon  
7-5  
NNIx Traffic Polling Configuration Tab  
Communication Configuration Tab  
History Configuration Tab  
Simulation Configuration Tab  
Map Configuration Tab  
The Map Configuration tab allows you to configure the radius of the  
switch icon as well as the layout of the map itself. See See Figure 7-3..  
Figure 7-3 The NNIx Configuration Map Tab  
The Switch Radius sub-option allows you to modify the switch icon  
radius. The recommended radius is 24, the default is 16.  
The automatic map layout sub-option allow you to select one of the  
following three layout options:  
Disabled - Disables the automatic map layout  
Rectangular - The map icons are laid out in a rectangle.  
Circular - The map icons are laid out in a circle.  
The Max% Traffic option allows you to set the maximum percentage  
traffic rate represented on a NNI link.  
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7-6  
CHAPTER 7: NETWORK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TASKS  
NNIx Traffic Polling Configuration Tab  
The NNIx Polling Configuration tab allows you configure the polling  
interval for data collection of the NNIx Tool. See Figure 7-4.  
Figure 7-4 The NNIx Polling Configuration Tab  
The following 3 sub-options are available:  
Map Enable - Check to enable or disable the dynamic updating of  
traffic on the NNIx map.  
Chart Enable - Check to enable or disable the dynamic updating of  
node and link performance charts.  
Polling, Seconds: Allows you to select a polling interval for data  
collection.  
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Measuring Network -wide ATM Traffic Performance Using the Bandwidth Icon  
7-7  
Communication Configuration Tab  
The Communication Configuration tab allows you configure the type of  
data that is monitored and collected. See Figure 7-5.  
Figure 7-5 NNIx Communication Configuration Tab  
Good - configures the NNIx tool to collect data on Good Cells.  
Bad - configures the NNIx tool to collect data on Bad Cells such as  
Errored (BIP etc.), un-recognized ATM Cells.  
You must restart the NNIx tool for the changes to take effect.  
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7-8  
CHAPTER 7: NETWORK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TASKS  
History Configuration Tab  
This History Configuration tab allows you to enable data archiving and  
also set the storage interval. See Figure 7-6.  
Figure 7-6 The NNIx History Configuration Tab  
When History is enabled, polled data is archived into log files in the  
\TranscendNT\ATMvLAN\runtime\logs directory.  
The historical link and node data can be graphed using the History menu  
option in the NNIx Map.  
While viewing a graph, a portion of the graph can be zoomed in on by  
selecting it with the left mouse button. Press the “Rkey to Zoom out.  
Simulation Configuration Tab  
The Simulation Configuration Tab sets the NNIx tool into a data  
simulation mode that displays random traffic patterns on the links and  
nodes. See The number of Switch Nodes can also be also selected.You  
must re-start the NNIx tool to set it into Simulation mode.  
The simulation mode is useful for understanding and using the NNIx tool  
when no live network traffic or network devices are available.  
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Measuring Network -wide ATM Traffic Performance Using the Bandwidth Icon  
7-9  
Figure 7-7 The NNIx Simulation Configuration Tab  
How to Graph Live When the NNIx tool is running Link and Node level traffic can be graphed  
Link and Node data using the Node performance and Link Performance menu options. This  
information can be viewed as bar charts, pie charts or cumulative pie  
charts.  
To graph data from all links in the same graph:  
Select either the Bar, Pie or Cumulative Pie option from the Link  
Performance menu in the NNIx Map.  
To graph data from all nodes in the same graph:  
Select either the Bar, Pie or Cumulative Pie option from the Node  
Performance menu in the NNIx Map.  
To graph individual links or nodes:  
Select a link or node from the NNIx Map and then select either the Bar,  
Pie or Cumulative Pie option from the Link or Node Performance  
menu in the NNIx map.  
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7-10  
CHAPTER 7: NETWORK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TASKS  
The bar graph shows the total in/out traffic percentages relative to the  
switches maximum capacity for a node or link.  
Figure 7-8 The NNIx Bar Chart  
The pie chart shows the percentage of in versus out traffic for a node or  
link.  
Figure 7-9 The NNIx Pie Chart  
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Measuring Device Level Performance 7-11  
The cumulative pie chart shows the combined throughput percentages of  
in traffic and the combined throughput percentages of out traffic for  
nodes and links.  
Figure 7-10 The NNIx Cumulative Pie Chart  
Measuring Device  
Level Performance  
The Performance Statistics windows display performance statistics for  
different objects in the ATM Network. The Performance Statistics  
windows are “live;” that is, there are updated automatically by  
continuous polling of the system. An object can be device (for example a  
Switch 2700 or CoreBuilder module), device port (Ethernet or ATM),  
Emulated LAN entity (LEC or LES) or Virtual Channel. The windows use  
history graphs, bar charts, pie charts and dials to display the performance  
information. A sliding selector allows you to set the Polling interval. To  
access these windows select the Graph Assistant option from the  
ATMvLAN menu.  
History Graph  
The history graph has the following features:  
Slide bar: Enables display of previous samples.  
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7-12  
CHAPTER 7: NETWORK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TASKS  
Toggle legend: Clicking the middle mouse button while the cursor is  
located inside the history graph will cause the legend to be hidden and  
the graph to be widened. The widened display contains the same  
information but is now easier to read. Another click on the middle mouse  
button restores the original state.  
Individual sample display: Clicking the right mouse button while the  
cursor is located inside the history graph will enter the individual sample  
display mode. This mode is indicated by the appearance of a cross-hair  
cursor.  
Position the cross-hairs at a desired point on the history graph and click  
on the left mouse button. The detailed information about this sample  
point will be displayed on the lower left corner of the graph. This  
information includes sample number, sample time, sample graph and  
sample value.  
Clicking on the right mouse button while in the individual sample display  
mode to return to the normal display mode.  
Displaying Statistics To display statistics:  
1 Select a network element in the management maps or, in the  
Component View of the Topology Browser, select a network element  
component.  
2 Select Graph Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu.  
The CoreBuilder performance statistics window is displayed as in  
Figure 7-11.  
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Measuring Device Level Performance 7-13  
.
Figure 7-11 CoreBuilder Statistics  
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7-14  
CHAPTER 7: NETWORK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TASKS  
Displaying Port  
Level Statistics  
To display port level statistics:  
1 Select a port from within the SuperStack II Switch 2700 branch of the  
Component View of the Topology Browser, or select a port on the front  
panel display of the SuperStack II Switch 2700 branch.  
2 Select Graph Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu. See Figure 7-12.  
Figure 7-12 SuperStack II Switch 2700 Port Statistics Window  
The window shows statistics of the message traffic through selected  
Switch 2700 Ethernet port. The Switch 2700 Ethernet Port Statistics are  
as follows:  
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Displaying Port Level Statistics 7-15  
Traffic History graph through the port in frames per second. Four  
separated sub-graphs are in the performance window:  
Table 7-1 Traffic Graphs  
Graph  
Meaning  
inGood  
inError  
All valid frames received at the port  
Errored frames received at the port  
All valid frames transmitted from the port  
Errored frames transmitted from the port  
outGood  
outError  
Utilization Dial graph of utilization of maximum bandwidth (10Mbps)  
of the port.  
Total Frames Pie chart showing the distribution of all received and  
transmitted frames broken down according to the following:  
Table 7-2 Total Frames  
Graph  
Meaning  
inGood  
inError  
All valid frames received at the port  
Errored frames received at the port  
All valid frames transmitted from the port  
Errored frames transmitted from the port  
outGood  
outError  
Good Frames Pie chart showing the distribution of valid received and  
transmitted frames according to the following:  
Table 7-3 Good Frames  
Graph  
Meaning  
inUcast  
Unicast frames received at the port excluding discards  
inNonUcast  
Broadcast and multicast frames received at the port  
excluding discards  
outUcast  
Unicast frames transmitted from the port including  
discards  
outNonUcast  
Broadcast and multicast frames transmitted from the  
port including discards  
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7-16  
CHAPTER 7: NETWORK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TASKS  
Errored Frames Pie chart showing the distribution of errored received  
and transmitted frames according to the following:  
Table 7-4 Errored Frames  
Graph  
Meaning  
inDiscards  
Frames received at the port but discarded for internal  
reasons  
inErrors  
Frames received at the port but discarded due to errors  
inUnknown  
Frames received at the port but discarded due to  
unknown protocols  
outDiscards  
outErrors  
Frames discarded from being transmitted from the port  
for internal reasons  
Frames discarded from being transmitted from the port  
due to errors  
LANE Component  
Statistics  
The LANE Component Statistics allow you to measure the performance of  
LAN Emulation Services and LAN Emulation Clients in the network.  
You can display statistics for the following LAN Emulation Services:  
LES  
LEC  
LANE User  
LES Performance The LES performance statistics see Figure 7-13, allow you to see the type  
of load that exists on the LAN Emulation Services and to use this  
information for load balancing when required.  
The LES Performance Statistics are as follows:  
Data History graph of transmission rate of Broadcast and Unknown  
data (BUS) in Emulated LAN.  
Data Utilization Utilization of the transmission rate of the BUS service  
relative to the maximum possible.  
Control Frames Pie graph of quality of LE ARPs and other LAN  
Emulation control frames handled by LES.  
Errored Control Frames Pie graph of errored control frames.  
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LANE Component Statistics 7-17  
Data/Control Octets pie graph of the ratio between LES transmission  
rate and BUS transmission rate.  
To display performance statistics for the LAN Emulation Services:  
1 Select an LES icon from the management maps or an LES device  
component in the Component View of the Topology Browser.  
2 Select Graph Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu.  
Figure 7-13 LES Graph Assistant  
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7-18  
CHAPTER 7: NETWORK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TASKS  
LEC The LEC Graph Assistant, see Figure 7-14, shows statistics of the message  
traffic through the LEC. The LEC Statistics are:  
Data frames/sec History graph of the transmission rate of data frames  
through the LEC.  
Data Frames Pie graph of the distribution of different types of data  
frames through the LEC.  
Data Utilization Utilization of LEC data transmission rate relative to  
the maximum possible rate.  
Control frames/sec History graph of the transmission rate of control  
frames through the LEC.  
Control Frames Pie graph of the ratio of transmission of different  
types of LEC control frames.  
Data/Control Frames Pie graph of the ratio between LEC data frame  
transmission and LEC control frame transmission.  
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LANE Component Statistics 7-19  
To display performance statistics for an LAN Emulation Client:  
1 Select an LEC icon from the management maps or an LEC device  
component in the Component View of the Topology Browser.  
2 Select the Graph Assistant option from the ATMvLAN menu.  
Figure 7-14 LEC Graph Assistant  
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7-20  
CHAPTER 7: NETWORK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TASKS  
LANE User The LANE User statistics parameters graph see Figure 7-15, displays a  
group of statistics per LEC. The display shows the in traffic and out traffic  
on the LEC and its segments. These graphs use the Transcend common  
grapher tool. You may select to display all or part of the LEC groups in the  
LANE User statistic.  
To display performance statistics for an LEC:  
1 Select the LANE User icon from the management maps or a LANE User  
device component in the Component View of the Topology Browser.  
2 Select the Graph Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu.  
Figure 7-15 Statistic of LANE User Group Window  
To zoom into one or more of the graphs:  
Double click on the graph. See Figure 7-16.  
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LANE Component Statistics 7-21  
Figure 7-16 LANE USER Statistics Graph Zoom Display  
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7-22  
CHAPTER 7: NETWORK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TASKS  
Sw itch Domain  
Statistics  
To display the statistics from an ATM switch:  
1 Select the ATM switch icon.  
2 Select Graph Assistant from the ATMvLAN menu.  
Figure 7-17 displays the Graph Assistant for the CoreBuilder.  
Figure 7-17 Graph Assistant for the CoreBuilder switch  
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SUPPORTED DEVICES  
A
This appendix describes the devices and system software supported for  
the ATM and VLAN Management application.  
Table A-0 Supported Devices  
Device  
Description  
CoreBuilder 7000/HD  
CoreBuilder 7000 is an ATM switch, used in  
an ATM network and serves as an LE  
services entity as well.  
CoreBuilder 7200, 7400, 7600  
CoreBuilder 7200, 7400, 7600 are  
CoreBuilder platform modules. They allow  
legacy LAN to ATM connectivity. The 7200  
and 7400 are Ethernet modules and the  
7600 is a Fast Ethernet module. The  
modules port can be segmented into  
different vLANs and be part of different  
ELANs. The connectivity to the backbone is  
ATM based.  
Superstack II Switch 2700  
TheSuperStack II Switch 2700 is an Edge  
device.It allows Ethernet switching and  
connectivity from Ethernet to ATM. It can  
be segmented into multiple bridges to allow  
virtual LANs. The virtual LAN is ATM LE  
based.  
SuperStack II Switch 2000TR  
SuperStack II Switch 1000  
SuperStack II Swtich 2000 is a token ring to  
ATM edge device and supports token ring  
LAN Emulation. It can be used for  
connecting token ring end stations to an  
ATM switch backbone.  
SuperStack II Switch 1000 is an edge device.  
It allows Ethernet switching and connectivity  
form Ethernet to Fast Ethernet and Ethernet  
to ATM. It can be segmented into multiple  
bridges to allow virtual LANs. The virtual  
LAN is both encapsulated based when  
connected to Fast Ethernet Backbone or  
LAN Emulation when connected to ATM  
Backbone.  
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A-2  
APPENDIX A: SUPPORTED DEVICES  
Table A-0 Supported Devices  
Device  
Description  
SuperStack II Switch 3000  
SuperStack II Switch 3000 is a Fast Ethernet  
switch. It allows Fast Ethernet switching and  
connectivity form Fast Ethernet to ATM. It  
can be used as a Backbone switch to  
connect multiple LS1000 devices, thus  
creating a FE/Ethernet network. It can be  
segmented into multiple bridges to allow  
virtual LAN. The Virtual LAN is both  
encapsulated based when connected as Fast  
Ethernet Backbone or LAN Emulation when  
connected to ATM Backbone.  
CoreBuilder 2500  
CoreBuilder 2500 is a high end switch. It  
allows Ethernet, FDDI, Fast Ethernet  
switching and connectivity form legacy LANs  
to ATM. It also allows routing to fulfill the  
function of routing between vLAN as well as  
IP, IPX and other protocol routing. The FDDI  
connectivity allows it to be the FDDI  
backbone edge switch. It can be segmented  
into multiple bridges to allow virtual LANs.  
The virtual LAN is LAN Emulation based  
when connected to the ATM Backbone.  
CoreBuilder 5000 Switch Modules The CoreBuilder 5000 device is a  
Multifunction hub. It is an Ethernet, FDDI  
HUB and has the switching capability of  
ATM, and Ethernet. It also allows  
connectivity form legacy LAN to ATM. It can  
be segmented into multiple bridges to allow  
virtual LANs. The Virtual LAN is LAN  
Emulation based when connected to ATM  
Backbone.  
CoreBuilder 4000/CoreBuilder  
5000 Switch  
CoreBuilder 4000 is an ATM switch, used in  
an ATM network and serves as an LE  
services entity as well.  
Netbuilder II  
NetBuilder II is a high perfromance  
multi-protocol router for LAN and WAN  
environments. In the ATM and VLAN  
environments it can be used as an inter  
VLAN one-armed router connected to the  
ATM backbone.  
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TROUBLESHOOTING  
B
System Problems  
The following system problems can arise during a session:  
Icons Present at Problem:  
Startup  
The Enterprise VLAN icons are already present in the Root window  
when the application is started. The reason is that HPOV was previously  
terminated abnormally. Note: this problem is not applicable when using  
the Save Map option.  
Action:  
Select the Enterprise VLAN icons in the Root window and then select  
Edit-> Delete-> From All Submaps to remove the icons.  
Window Not Problem:  
Generated  
A Configuration, or Graph window does not open after being  
requested. The initialization message window remains indefinitely on  
the screen.  
Action:  
Restart the Enterprise VLAN Management application.  
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B-2  
APPENDIX B: TROUBLESHOOTING  
Problem Starting the Problem:  
Application  
If you are having problems starting the application or discovering  
devices, you can enable the error log feature of the Enterprise VLAN  
application.  
Action:  
Generate an application error log. To activate the log you need to  
create a file in : "\TranscendNT\ATMvLAN\runtime\cnf\" directory named  
"atmvlan.dbg" .  
Enter the following two lines:  
all  
end;  
in the file.  
The log files will be created in the  
"\TranscendNT\ATMvLAN\runtime\log\" with the name StdError.txt and  
StdOut.txt .  
Note:Do not leave this option o. The StdError.txt and StdOut.txt do not  
have a maximum size limit.  
Set Operation Failed Problem:  
SNMP set operation failed.  
Action:  
Be certain that you are using the correct SNMP set community. Check  
network connectivity.  
Slow System Startup  
Problem:  
The Enterprise VLAN icons do not appear in the Root window after  
starting up the application. It may take between 5 to 20 minutes for  
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System Messages  
B-3  
the icons to appear and the application to startup. This situation occurs  
when the station has a defined DNS and cannot reach it.  
Action:  
Remove the DNS definition or check how the station can reach the  
DNS. This is a system problem due to the DNS definition.  
Slow System Startup  
Problem:  
The Enterprise device icons are displayed at a slow rate (one by one) in  
the Enterprise Devices window.  
Action:  
Clear the HP OpenView database. This problem occurs when the HP  
databases are overloaded. Refer to the HPOV documentation.  
System Messages  
The following are the system messages that may appear on the screen  
together with their meaning and suggested action for you to take. The  
messages are displayed in a special dialog box. Three types of messages  
are displayed: informational, warning, and error.  
The following Motif symbols are used:  
i - info  
! - warning  
0 - error  
Message  
Level  
Meaning  
Action  
Table B-1 System Messages  
Message  
Type  
Meaning  
Action  
General: Help utility is not available in info  
this version.  
None  
General: Busy, Cannot open new  
window. Wait until previous operation  
is completed.  
error  
User attempted to open an  
application while the previous is completed.  
application is still opening.  
Wait until previous operation  
General: Cannot close window while  
its initializing. Wait until window is  
open and then close it.  
warning  
Wait until window is open  
and then close it.  
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B-4  
APPENDIX B: TROUBLESHOOTING  
Table B-1 System Messages  
Message  
Type  
Meaning  
Action  
ATMvLAN Devices Configuration:  
Invalid IP address  
error  
Change IP address.  
ATMvLAN Devices Configuration:  
Invalid Community string  
error  
error  
Change Community string.  
VirtualLANs Configuration: No VLAN  
IDs found. Operation aborted.  
Application needs LAN  
Emulation Services (LES) and  
they are not defined on the  
Network  
Enable at least one LES and  
then try again  
VirtualLANs Configuration: Cannot  
open file VnRgb for writing:  
error  
Change file writing  
permissions.  
permission denied. Operation aborted.  
VirtualLANs Configuration: No blanks warning  
allowed in VLAN name. The VLAN will  
be [truncated name].  
Re-enter VLAN name.  
VirtualLANs Configuration: VLAN must warning  
have its VLAN ID as one its names.  
Name not deleted.  
VLAN Move: Trying to move LEC  
segment - [segment number] - to  
WorkGroup - [WorkGroup]. Segment  
skipped  
warning  
warning  
error  
Select a different VLAN.  
Select a different VLAN.  
VLAN Move: Trying to move  
WorkGroup segment - [segment  
number]- to - ELAN/[VLAN]. Segment  
skipped.  
VLAN Move: Select segments from  
one device only. Operation aborted.  
You cannot create a local  
VLAN on more than one  
device in one action. Use a  
separate Move command for  
each device.  
VLAN Move: Operation completed  
successfully for device - [device IP  
address]  
info  
None  
VLAN Move: No P2C found in device - error  
[device IP address]. Device skipped.  
Check the P2C card.  
VLAN Move: SNMP GET error - [SNMP error  
status]- in device -[device IP address].  
Device skipped.  
Wait for the ATMVLAN maps  
to refresh. Check the VLAN  
maps for results of the  
previous operation and then  
retry.  
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System Messages  
B-5  
Table B-1 System Messages  
Message  
Type  
Meaning  
Action  
VLAN Move: SNMP SET error - [SNMP error  
status]- in device -[device IP address].  
Device skipped.  
Wait for the ATMVLAN maps  
to refresh. Check the VLAN  
maps for results of the  
previous operation and then  
retry.  
VLAN Move: No available LECs left in error  
device - [device IP address]. Device  
skipped.  
Remove one or more VLANs  
from the device. To remove,  
use the VLAN Move operation  
and move all the device  
segments from the VLAN.  
VLAN Move: Cannot find LEC in  
device [device IP address]. Device  
skipped.  
error  
Reset CoreBuilder 2500/6000  
or LANplex 2016/5000 and  
retry the operation. If you do  
not succeed, you may have a  
problem with your device.  
VLAN Move: Cannot create LEC - No error  
ATM card in device [device IP address].  
Device skipped.  
Check the ATM card.  
VLAN Move: Cannot move to VLAN - error  
[VLANID] in device - [device IP  
address]. Might create two VLANs that  
This move operation is  
intended to the create a new following actions:  
VLAN. Because of a mismatch  
between the current and  
config VLANs in the device,  
creating the desired VLAN  
might result in two VLANs  
that use the same ELAN.  
You may perform one of the  
1
Define the “admin” and  
use the same ELAN. Device skipped.  
the “defaultVLANs in the  
VirtualLANs Configuration  
window.  
2
3
4
Reset device to synchronize  
the current and config  
VLANs.  
Using the LMA, remove  
non-existing VLANs from  
the device.  
Verify that the desired  
VLAN is using its primary  
ELAN.  
Polling: SNMP GET Error - [SNMP  
status] - in device - [device IP  
Address]. Polling aborted.  
error  
Restart polling.  
None  
Polling: SNMP GET timeout in device  
[device IP address]. Retrying.  
info  
VC Path Assistant: VC list is full in  
device - [device IP address]. Operation  
aborted.  
error  
No space to define new PVC. Delete some VCs and try  
again  
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B-6  
APPENDIX B: TROUBLESHOOTING  
Table B-1 System Messages  
Message  
Type  
Meaning  
Action  
VC Path Assistant: SNMP SET error -  
[SNMP status] - in device -[device IP  
address]. Operation aborted.  
error  
Retry operation  
VC Path Assistant: SNMP GET error - error  
[SNMP status] - in device -[device IP  
address]. Operation aborted.  
Retry operation  
VC Path Assistant: Invalid VPI/VCI pair error  
- [vpi-vci]. Operation aborted.  
Re-enter vpi vci  
Re-enter vpi  
Re-enter vci  
Re-enter entry  
None  
VC Path Assistant: Invalid VPI - [vpi].  
Operation aborted.  
error  
error  
error  
info  
VC Path Assistant: Invalid VCI - [vci].  
Operation aborted.  
VC Path Assistant: Invalid entry -  
[entry value]. Operation aborted.  
VC Path Assistant: AAL5 parameters  
setting window is not available in this  
version.  
VC Path Assistant: Traffic parameters info  
setting window is not available in this  
version.  
None  
None  
LECS Configuration: SNMP SET error - error  
[SNMP status] - for LECS - [lecs].  
Operation aborted.  
Backbone Services Configuration:  
ELAN ID changed for LES [LES ATM  
address]. Remove this address from  
LECS before you can use the new ID.  
warning  
Remove the address and  
re-open the window.  
Backbone Services Configuration:  
Cannot find ELAN ID for backup  
address of ELAN ID - [ELAN ID].  
Changing backup to default.  
warning  
None  
Backbone Services Configuration:  
Cannot delete (ELAN) because admin  
uses it. No ELANs deleted.  
warning  
warning  
warning  
None  
None  
None  
Backbone Services Configuration:  
Cannot delete (ELAN) because default  
uses it. No ELANs deleted.  
Backbone Services Configuration:  
Cannot delete (ELAN) because its the  
backup of admin/backup [VLAN]. No  
ELANs deleted.  
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System Messages  
B-7  
Table B-1 System Messages  
Message  
Type  
Meaning  
Action  
Backbone Services Configuration:  
SNMP SET error - [SNMP status] - for  
CoreBuilder - [device IP address].  
CoreBuilder skipped.  
error  
None  
Backbone Services Configuration:  
LECS DB is not synchronized. Make  
sure to synchronize it using this  
window.  
warning  
error  
Synchronize the DB.  
None  
Backbone Services Configuration:  
SNMP GET error - [SNMP status] - for  
LECS - [device IP address]. Operation  
aborted.  
VLAN Creation: Must enter VLAN ID. warning  
Operation stopped.  
Re-enter VLAN ID.  
Re-enter VLAN ID.  
VLAN Creation: No blanks allowed in warning  
VLAN ID. Operation stopped.  
VLAN Creation: [network number]  
must be a valid IP Address. Operation  
aborted.  
error  
Re-enter network number.  
Re-enter network mask.  
VLAN Creation: [network mask] must error  
be a valid IP Address. Operation  
aborted.  
VLAN Server: VLAN Server is not  
defined. Use "VLAN Server Setup” to  
define it.  
warning  
Define the VLAN Server IP  
address and try again.  
VLAN Server: SNMP GET error - [SNMP error  
status] - in Server - [device IP address].  
Operation aborted.  
None  
LECS Configuration: LECS is not  
enabled. Operation aborted.  
error  
None  
None  
LECS Operation: SNMP GET error -  
[SNMP status] - for LECS - [device IP  
address] Operation aborted.  
error  
LECS Operation: Cannot find LES ATM error  
address for alias - [alias]. Operation  
aborted.  
Reset the LECS CoreBuilder to  
the factory default and restart  
the operation.  
LECS Operation: Cannot find ELAN ID warning  
for alias - [alias]. Changing [alias] to  
[first ELAN in the list].  
None  
MEDP is not running  
error  
Start the MEDP Poller. Select  
Start-> Programs-> Transcend  
ATMvLAN -> ATMVLAN Poller.  
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B-8  
APPENDIX B: TROUBLESHOOTING  
Table B-1 System Messages  
Message  
Type  
Meaning  
Action  
PDP is not running  
error  
Start the PDP Poller. Start->  
Programs-> Transcend  
ATMvLAN -> ATMvLAN PDP  
Locator - All fields are empty  
error  
Locator cannot process  
request since all fields were  
empty.  
Fill in at least one field of  
data.  
Locator - Field <Field Name> is  
incorrect  
error  
Incorrect entry in Field Name  
Correct the entry.  
Locator -Error during writing to file  
"<File Name>"  
error  
Locator - Values are incorrect  
error  
From VLAN Server setup,  
Check the VLAN Server entries  
in the VLAN Server tab  
Locator - New row will be added to  
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ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT  
BASICS  
C
An Introduction to  
ATM and VLAN  
In 1986, the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) formed a  
study group to explore the concept of a high-speed, integrated network  
Management Basics that could uniformly handle voice, data, and a variety of other services.  
This resulted in BISDN, or the Broadband Integrated Services Digital  
Network. BISDN services require high-speed channels for transmitting  
digitized voice, data, video, and multimedia traffic. Asynchronous  
Transfer Mode (ATM) is the switching and multiplexing technology for  
supporting BISDN services.  
One of the greatest challenges in defining ATM was to determine a  
structure that could efficiently handle any type of traffic. Such a structure  
must accommodate a variety of bit rates and support bursty  
communications, since voice, data, and video traffic all exhibit bursty  
behavior.  
Packet-switching has been the technology of choice for bursty data traffic  
because it consumes bandwidth only when traffic is present. Traditional  
packet-switching mechanisms cannot achieve the performance and  
speed required for real-time, two-way traffic. ATM overcomes this  
limitation by offering fixed-length packets. Each ATM packet, called a cell,  
consists of a 48-byte payload and a 5-byte header. Fixed-length ATM cells  
offer several advantages:  
Networking and switching queuing delays are more predictable with  
fixed-length data cells.  
It is less complex and more reliable to process ATM cells than  
variable-length packets.  
Fixed-length cells allow cell-relay switches to process cells in parallel,  
for speeds that far exceed the limitations of bus-based switched  
architectures  
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C-2  
APPENDIX C: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT BASICS  
ATM Basics ATM uses short, fixed-length packets called cells. The first five bytes of  
each cell, the header, contain the information necessary to deliver the cell  
to its destination.  
The fixed-length cells offer smaller and more predictable switching delays  
as cell switching is less complex than variable-length packets and can be  
accomplished in hardware for many cells in parallel. Having all data in the  
same cell format speeds transmission dramatically by obviating the need  
for protocol recognition and decoding. A good analogy is containerized  
shipping, where uniform shape and weight of containers and  
standardized labeling considerably ease and quicken processing.  
The cell format also allows for multiprotocol transmissions. Since ATM is  
protocol-transparent, the various protocols can be transferred at the  
same time. With ATM, one line can carry phone, fax, video, data and  
other information simultaneously. This multiprotocol advantage also  
offers scalability, greatly reducing the configuration changes necessary for  
adding a new traffic type to your network.  
The Role of Edge Devices  
All ATM traffic-handling decisions are based on the information in the  
destination header, not on the content of the cell payloads. To move  
traffic through the ATM network, devices at the boundary or edge of the  
network convert non-ATM traffic streams into cells. The addition of new  
traffic types requires only a new edge device, deployed where the  
demand for such traffic exists.  
ATM is a connection-oriented transport service. With only five bytes of  
header, an ATM cell cannot carry the full destination address for each cell.  
Instead it uses an abbreviated address, called a virtual channel identifier,  
that provides enough information to establish a connection between two  
ATM stations. Once a connection exists through the ATM network,  
communications can ensue.  
Legacy LANs employ connectionless transmission technology based on  
48-bit addressing. This edge devices must have some way of adapting  
existing network protocols, such as IP and IPX, to the connection-oriented  
cell-switching paradigm.  
ATM provides the User Network Interface (UNI) which is typically used to  
interconnect an ATM user with an ATM switch that is managed as part of  
the same network, as well as the Network-to-Network Interface (NNI)  
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An Introduction to ATM and VLAN Management Basics C-3  
which is typically used to interconnect two ATM switches managed as  
part of the same network.  
The UNI is the physical interface between the user and the network.  
A private UNI consists of a private end-point to private switch  
interface, whereas a public UNI is typically used to interconnect an  
ATM user with an ATM switch deployed in a public service providers  
network.  
The Network-to-Network Interface (NNI) defines the ATM switch  
(network) to ATM switch (network) interface. It is also known as a  
private NNI (P-NNI) when the switches are not part of a WAN. NNI  
allows multiple switches to be interconnected in arbitrary topology  
and still work as one network.  
ATM is based on a layered architecture. In the protocol stack, the ATM  
layer sits directly above the physical layer. Many physical layers can be  
specified, including several for 100 to 155 Mbps. The ATM adaptation  
layer (AAL) sits above the ATM layer. LAN Emulation (LE) sits above the  
AAL5 in the protocol hierarchy.  
ATM Sw itching  
ATM switching is performed at the ATM layer by defining virtual  
channels. Cells are switched through the network based on the cell  
header, therefore the routing is done for every cell and hence the virtual  
channel.  
Virtual Channels  
Virtual channels are communications channels that provide for the  
sequential, unidirectional transport of ATM cells. Multiple virtual channels  
can exist on a physical link. There are two types of virtual channels:  
Virtual Path Connection (VPC) and Virtual Channel Connection (VCC). A  
VPC is a collection of VCCs (see Figure C-1).  
A VCC extends between two end-points in the network and is uniquely  
identified by the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual Channel Identifier  
(VCI) values. It is also called a point-to-point VCC. A VPC extends  
between two end-points in the network and may contain multiple VCCs.  
VPCs are uniquely identified by the VPI value. VPCs and VCCs can be set  
up either dynamically via signalling or permanently via management.  
The VPI/VCI is only meaningful in the context of the given interface. The  
combination of the VPI/VCI values allows the network to associate a given  
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C-4  
APPENDIX C: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT BASICS  
cell with a given connection, and therefore it can be routed to the right  
destination. Identical VPI/VCI combinations may exist on different  
interfaces.  
The VPI is a bundle of VCs. Individual VCs have unique VCI values, but the  
VCI values may be reused in each VP.  
Figure C-1 Virtual Path/Channels Connections  
Two levels of virtual channels are supported at the UNI:  
A Virtual Channel Connection (VCC) that consists of a single  
connection established between two ATM end-points.  
A Virtual Path Connection (VPC) that consists of a bundle of VCCs  
carried transparently between two ATM end-points.  
Connections can be established via management (Permanent Virtual  
Channels) or dynamically (Switched Virtual Channels).  
Permanent Virtual Channels (PVCs) This most basic connection  
setup requires the definition of each connection by management (for  
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An Introduction to ATM and VLAN Management Basics C-5  
example, SNMP). Permanent connections generally remain established for  
long periods of time. These connections are not dynamically checked and  
reinitiated.  
The major features of a PVC include:  
Connections initiated by network administrator.  
Connections established and released manually.  
Long-term duration connections.  
Both point-to-point and point-to-multipoint connections can be  
established.  
Sw itched Virtual Channels (SVC) An SVC dynamically defines  
connections as they are needed and releases them when complete, using  
signaling complying with ATM Forum UNI standards. By using an SVC,  
ATM devices (for example, a LAN Emulation UNI and an ATM switch) can  
exchange connection characteristics (for example, QOS, VPI/VCI) when  
establishing connections. These connections remain active for an arbitrary  
amount of time and depend upon application demand. Both  
point-to-point and point-to-multipoint connections can be established.  
An SVC eliminates the need for an external management station for  
setting up virtual channels.  
The major features of an SVC include:  
Connections initiated by the user/application.  
Connections established and released dynamically.  
Connections established via the signalling protocol.  
Varied connection duration.  
Table C-2 compares SVC and PVC connections.  
Table C-2 Comparison of SVC and PVC  
SVC  
PVC  
Demand connections  
Permanent connections  
Not automatically re-established  
after network failure  
Automatically re-established after  
network failure  
Remain active for arbitrary amount Remain active for long periods of  
of time time  
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C-6  
APPENDIX C: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT BASICS  
Table C-2 Comparison of SVC and PVC  
SVC  
PVC  
Supported by signaling standard  
Supported by MIB or other  
management entity  
Integrated ATM/Ethernet Sw itching  
ATM Backbone Netw ork When Ethernet LANs are connected through  
a conventional switching hub or backbone, the bandwidth provided is  
restricted to the data rate of the Ethernet or FDDI technology running on  
it. If, instead, the Ethernet LANs are connected through an ATM  
backbone switch - creating an integrated ATM/Ethernet network - the  
bandwidth bottleneck is opened up and performance is increased across  
the combined network. The Ethernet switches pass only those messages  
whose sender and receiver are in separate Ethernet LANs to the ATM  
Switch, thereby reducing the message traffic on the combined system.  
Furthermore, the high-speed switching rate and efficient time-utilization  
of ATM are responsible for the high throughput of the ATM/Ethernet  
network system.  
The ATM/Ethernet network system also opens new possibilities in  
network design. Instead of being restricted to LANs, whose users are  
connected by a physical cable, new efficient LANs can be created which  
cross physical LAN boundaries. The sophisticated address handling of  
ATM allows related users in separate physical LANs to be effectively  
grouped into a common broadcast domain called a Virtual LAN. Virtual  
LANs are described in the next section.  
Virtual LAN Basics Just as an Ethernet LAN enables a group of stations to communicate  
efficiently on a common physical bus, so new networking technology  
such as ATM makes it possible for stations on different LANs to  
communicate with almost the same efficiency, even when separated by  
great distances. This allows network managers to group remote stations  
that need to communicate frequently into a common high-bandwidth  
broadcast domain called a Virtual LAN. For example, marketing  
department personnel who happen to work in different physical locations  
could be formed into one Virtual LAN and engineering department  
personnel into another. The term “Virtual LAN” is used because  
communicating stations continue to transmit and receive as though they  
were on the same physical Ethernet LAN. In this manual, the abbreviated  
expression VLAN” is used for a Virtual LAN.  
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An Introduction to ATM and VLAN Management Basics C-7  
In practice, it is not the individual LAN stations that are formed into  
VLANs but rather the physical Ethernet LANs, called Ethernet segments,  
that are grouped into VLANs. Thus, all stations on an Ethernet segment  
will be on the same VLAN. Also, since an Ethernet segment is connected  
to the network through an Ethernet port in an edge device, the Ethernet  
port itself is sometimes referred to as a member of the VLAN.  
Advantages A Virtual LAN, as opposed to an Ethernet LAN, has the great advantage  
of being very easy to manage from a central location. Stations are added  
or removed from Virtual LANs by software without regard to their  
location, there is no need to change physical connections.  
The organization of the network into VLANs also reduces congestion  
from broadcast frame transmissions. Broadcast frames are now sent only  
to members of the same VLAN instead of to all stations on the network.  
Virtual LANs also offer network security for their members. Because  
transmissions do not normally cross from one VLAN to another, a VLAN  
will remain immune to transmission problems or congestion that may  
occur in another VLAN in the network.  
VLAN Types According to the enabling technology, VLANs are divided into three types:  
ATM-based VLANs, tag-based VLANs and protocol-based VLANs. In the  
following sections each of these VLAN types is discussed. These Virtual  
LAN types are implemented in 3Com products as follows:  
Table B-1 VLAN Types in 3Com products  
VLAN Type  
3Com Product  
ATM-based  
CoreBuilder 7000  
CoreBuilder 7X00  
SuperStack II Switch 2700  
CoreBuilder 5000  
SwitchModule  
Tag-based  
SuperStack II Switch  
1000/3000  
Protocol-based  
CoreBuilder 2500/6000  
These three VLAN types are discussed in the following sections.  
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C-8  
APPENDIX C: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT BASICS  
ATM-based VLANs  
When the enabling technology is ATM, the VLAN is referred to as an  
ATM-based VLAN. An ATM-based VLAN is built around an ATM network  
structure called an Emulated LAN.  
LAN Emulation The main objective of the LAN Emulation (LE) is to  
enable existing applications to access an ATM network via protocol stacks  
as if they were operating over traditional LANs. LE enables data  
networking protocol software to benefit from high-speed ATM  
networking without modification. Legacy end stations can use LE to  
connect to other legacy systems, as well as to ATM-attached servers,  
routers, switches and other networking devices. LE is completely  
independent of upper-layer protocols, services, and applications.  
Because LE is implemented in edge devices and end systems, it is  
completely transparent to the ATM network and to legacy LAN devices.  
LE masks the connection setup and handshaking functions required by  
the ATM switch. In addition, it maps the MAC address-based networking  
protocols into ATM virtual channels. The ATM network appears to  
function like a connectionless LAN.  
LAN Emulation Components An Emulated LAN (ELAN) is composed  
of a set of LAN Emulation Clients (LECs) and a single LAN Emulation  
Service, consisting of LAN Emulation Server (LES), and Broadcast and  
Unknown Server (BUS). In addition there is also a LAN Emulation  
Configuration Server (LECS) that services all the Emulated LANs that exist  
in the ATM network. Refer to Figure C-3.  
One or more Emulated LANs can run on the same ATM network. Each  
Emulated LAN is independent of the others and there is no direct  
communication across Emulated LAN boundaries.  
An ATM-based VLAN is simply an ELAN together with all Ethernet LANs  
attached to the LECs of the ELAN.  
LAN Emulation  
Client (LEC)  
The LAN Emulation Client is the entity in end systems (e.g., a Super Stack  
II Switch 2700 module) which represents the member Ethernet LANs and  
performs data forwarding, address resolution, and other control  
functions. If the LEC is attached to an Ethernet bridge, rather than  
directly to a Ethernet LAN, the LEC acts as a proxy to MAC addresses of  
Ethernet LANs attached to the bridge. Also provided is a MAC-level  
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An Introduction to ATM and VLAN Management Basics C-9  
emulated Ethernet service interface to higher level software which  
implements the LAN Emulation User-to-Network Interface (LUNI).  
LAN Emulation  
Configuration Server  
(LECS)  
The LAN Emulation Configuration Server implements the assignment of  
individual LAN Emulation Clients to different emulated LANs. When a LEC  
initializes, it establishes connection to the LECS. Based on its own policies,  
configuration database and information provided by clients, the LECS  
assigns any client which requests configuration information to a  
particular emulated LAN service by giving the client the LES’s ATM  
address. This method supports the ability to assign a client to an  
emulated LAN based on either the physical location (ATM address) or the  
identity of a LAN destination which it is representing (ELAN name).  
LAN Emulation  
Server (LES)  
The LAN Emulation Server implements the control coordination function  
for the emulated LAN. The LAN Emulation Server provides a facility for  
registering and resolving MAC addresses to ATM addresses. Clients may  
register the LAN destinations they represent with the LAN Emulation  
Server. A client will also query the LAN Emulation Server when the client  
wishes to resolve a MAC address and/or route descriptors to an ATM  
address in a process called LE Address Resolution Protocol (LE_ARP). The  
LAN Emulation Server will either respond directly to the client or forward  
the query to other clients and then forward the client response. In an SVC  
environment, the LES responds directly to the LE_ARP to enable an LEC to  
locate the BUS.  
Broadcast and  
Unknown Server  
(BUS)  
The Broadcast and Unknown Server handles the following:  
Data sent by a LAN Emulation Client to the broadcast MAC address.  
All multicast traffic.  
Initial frames which are sent by a LAN Emulation Client before the  
data direct virtual channel to the ATM address has been resolved.  
All broadcast, multicast and unknown traffic to and from a LAN  
Emulation Client passes through a single BUS.  
The BUS also handles ATM connections and manages its distribution  
group.  
Virtual Channel  
Connections (VCC)  
Figure B-1 Communication among LAN Emulation Clients and between LAN  
Emulation Clients and the LAN Emulation Service is performed over ATM Virtual  
Channel Connections (VCCs). Each LAN Emulation Client must communicate  
with the LAN Emulation Service over control and data VCCs. Emulated LANs  
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C-10  
APPENDIX C: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT BASICS  
operate in a Switched Virtual Channel (SVC),Permanent Virtual Channel (PVC), or  
mixed SVC/PVC environment.  
Figure C-3 LAN Emulation Components  
Admin and Default VLANs  
Two special purpose ATM-based VLANs are established automatically by  
the system, the Network Administration VLAN and the Default VLAN.  
The Netw ork Administration VLAN To control the ATM Network and  
receive status information from it, the Transcend ATM and VLAN  
Manager requires SNMP connectivity to each device in the network at all  
times. In the SuperStack II Switch 2700 module, a special VLAN (admin”  
VLAN) is dedicated to efficiently implement this connectivity in a way that  
is not affected by changes in the network. The initialization procedure  
described in this chapter establishes such an Admin VLAN.  
It is possible for the Transcend ATM and VLAN Manager to operate  
without a dedicated Network Administration VLAN. To manage the  
devices, the device must have an IP address configured to one of the  
bridge groups and the device must be reachable directly via a router. If  
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An Introduction to ATM and VLAN Management Basics C-11  
the configuration is such, the network manager should ensure that IP  
connectivity to the device is not affected by VLAN moves.  
The Default VLAN When an ATM edge device is initialized, a single  
VLAN called the default VLAN is created automatically and all ports of  
the device are assigned to it.  
In the SuperStack II Switch 2700 module, the Admin VLAN is also used as  
the Default VLAN when the SuperStack II Switch 2700 is first initialized.  
All ports are initially assigned to the Admin VLAN to ensure that they  
have connectivity to the network. The Network Administrator can then  
move the ports to another VLAN. At least one port must remain in the  
Admin VLAN if the device is to be reached for management purposes.  
Non-ATM VLANs  
VLANs can be created on non-ATM based switches by using either  
packet-tagging or packet-filtering (policy-based) techniques. The  
Superstack II Switch 1000/3000 uses the packet-tagging mechanism.  
VLAN management in the Superstack II Switch 1000/3000 system is  
supported by a “VLAN Server” - a database which stores and retrieves  
information about station VLAN membership.  
The CoreBuilder 2500/6000 uses packet-filtering. The CoreBuilder  
2500/6000 can link up with Emulated LANs to create policy-based Virtual  
LANs over ATM.” The following sections describe both these VLAN  
mechanisms.  
Tag-based VLANs  
In tag-based VLANS, as employed by the Superstack II Switch 1000/3000,  
ports can be grouped across multiple switches to form a single broadcast  
domain. Packets within each VLAN group are tagged with a unique  
identifier. The switches segment the traffic using these identifiers. Each  
Superstack II Switch 1000 can support up to 16 VLANs and you can have  
more than 16 VLANs in your entire network by connecting the 16 Switch  
VLANs to other VLANS using a router.  
Virtual LAN Trunk VLANs can be defined in a single switch unit or can span several Switch  
units. When a VLAN spans two switch units, they are connected using  
backbone ports. The tagging method, described below, makes it possible  
for a single backbone port to carry the traffic for all VLANs defined in a  
switch. In that case, the backbone port is referred to as a Virtual LAN  
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C-12  
APPENDIX C: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT BASICS  
Trunk (VLT). A VLT port in one switch unit must be connected only to a  
VLT port in the second switch unit so that the traffic can be switched to  
the correct VLAN.  
Tagging To distinguish between data frames belonging to different  
VLANS which are sent over a common VLT between two switch units,  
frame tagging is employed. Each frame which is sent along the VLT is  
tagged with a VLAN identifier.  
The tag is added to the frame (encapsulated) by the transmitting switch  
port and is removed by the receiving switch port, restoring the original  
frame. Alteration of the original frame only occurs in transmissions  
between switch devices and is not propagated to the rest of the network.  
Protocol-based VLANs  
Protocol-based  
vLANS  
In the LANplex 2500/6000, VLAN membership is based on a set of  
policies, or criteria, for grouping users.  
Protocol-based VLANs group one or more switch ports together for a  
specified network layer 3 protocol, such as IP or AppleTalk. These VLANs  
make flooding decisions based on the network layer protocol of the  
frame. In addition, for IP VLANs, you can also make flooding decisions  
based on layer 3 subnet address information.  
Protocol-sensitive VLANs allow the restriction of flood traffic for both  
routable and non-routable protocols. They have a relatively simple  
configuration comprising one or more protocols and groups of switch  
ports. These protocol-sensitive VLANs operate independently of each  
other and are simple to configure.  
One port in multiple  
Additionally, the same switch port can belong to multiple VLANs. For  
example, you could have port 1 on a LANplex assigned to several IP  
subnet VLANs, plus one IPX VLAN, one AppleTalk VLAN, and one NetBIOS  
VLAN. In a multiprotocol environment, protocol-sensitive VLANs can be  
very effective for controlling broadcast and multicast flooding.  
VLANs  
Protocol Suite  
The protocol suite describes which protocol entities can comprise a  
protocol-based VLAN. For example, LANplex VLANs support the IP  
protocol suite, which is made up of the IP, ARP, and RARP protocols.  
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Protocol-based vLANS C-13  
Table C-1 on Table C-1 lists the protocol suites that the LANplex supports,  
as well as the protocol types included in each protocol suite.  
Table C-1 Protocol Suite Protocol Types  
Protocol Suite  
IP  
Protocol Types  
IP, ARP, RARP  
IPX IPX  
Novell  
AppleTalk  
Xerox  
DDP, AARP  
XNS XNS IDP, XNS Address  
Translation, XNS Compatibility  
DECnet  
DEC MOP, DEC Phase IV, DEC LAT,  
DEC LAVC  
SNA  
SNA Services over Ethernet  
VINES Banyan  
Banyan  
X25  
X.25 Layer 3  
NetBIOS  
NetBEUI I  
Default  
NetBIOS  
NetBEU I  
Default (all protocol types)  
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C-14  
APPENDIX C: ATM AND VLAN MANAGEMENT BASICS  
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GLOSSARY  
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode. A transmission protocol that segments  
user traffic into small, fixed size cells. Cells are transmitted to their  
destination, where the original traffic is re-assembled.  
AAL ATM Adaptation Layer. A set of protocols that translate user traffic  
from higher-layer protocols into ATM format.  
Backbone The main segment of a campus network, to which are attached  
department networks, or ribs.  
Broadcast A common method of information transmission in which every port on  
the network receives the packet being sent, though only the port with  
the proper address passes it on to the user.  
Bridge Device connecting between two networks which filters and forwards  
data between the networks according to their destination address.  
BUS Broadcast and Unknown Server. ATM Forum defined specifications in  
support of LAN-to-LAN connectivity, called LAN Emulation. BUS defines  
that set of functions implemented in an ATM Network that provides  
LAN-to-LAN transmission support while a LAN connection is being  
established. It also supports LAN broadcast service.  
Cell An ATM Layer protocol data unit (PDU) characterized by fixed, rather  
than variable, length payloads.  
Connection-oriented A form of packet-switching that requires a predefined circuit from  
Communications source to destination to be established before data can be transferred.  
ELAN Emulated LAN - Set of ATM Forum-developed specifications in support  
of LAN-to-LAN bridged connectivity over an ATM Network.  
Ethernet A CSMA/CD, 10 Mbps, local area data network, developed by Xerox  
Corporation. It is one of the most popular baseband LANs in use.  
Ethernet Port A port of a LinkSwitch to which an Ethernet Segment is connected.  
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GLOSSARY  
Ethernet Segment A group of end-users connected by Ethernet that is connected to a  
port of a LinkSwitch.  
IP Internet Protocol. The protocol governing packet forwarding within the  
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite of  
standards developed and used on the Internet.  
IP Address Internet Protocol address. A unique identifier for a machine attached to  
a network made up of two or more interconnected local area or wide  
area networks.  
LAN Local Area Network. A data communications network spanning a  
limited geographical area, such as a single building or campus. It  
provides communication between computers and peripherals. LANs are  
distinguished by their small geographical size, high data rate, and low  
error rate.  
LEC LAN Emulation Client. ATM Forum defined specifications in support of  
LAN-to-LAN connectivity. called LAN Emulation. LEC defines that set of  
functions implemented in a LAN edge device (DTE) to interface with an  
ATM Network in support of LAN Emulation.  
LES LAN Emulation Server. ATM Forum defined specifications in support of  
LAN-to-LAN connectivity, called LAN Emulation. LES defines that set of  
functions implemented in an ATM Network in support of LAN  
Emulation.  
LECS LAN Emulation Configuration Server. ATM Forum defined specifications  
in support of LAN-to-LAN connectivity, called LAN Emulation. LECS  
defines that set of functions implemented in an ATM Network that  
provides edge device with information regarding the location of the  
other LAN Emulation Services.  
LE ARP LAN Emulation Address Resolution Protocol. The LE ARP is a request for  
address resolution from a LE Client to the network in order to get an  
ATM address of another client for connection establishment.  
MIB Management Information Base. A database of network management  
information that describes the specifics of individual network  
components.  
NNI Network-to-Network Interface. The interface between two network  
nodes. The NNI is a protocol that allows connection between ATM  
switches to form a multiple switch network.  
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Netw ork Window-based data-base tool for Network Management, e.g., SunNet  
Management Manager, HP OpenView, NetView/6000  
Platform (NMP)  
Netw ork Workstation from which the Network is managed using the Network  
Management Station Management System  
Netw ork Application of Network Management Platform for a specific Network.  
Management System Runs on the Network Management Station.  
(NMS)  
P-NNI Private Network-Node Interface. Set of ATM Forum developed  
specifications for the interface between two ATM nodes in the same  
network.  
PVC Permanent Virtual Channel. A virtual channel connection that has been  
established manually, in advance of its need.  
SmartAgent Software embedded in LinkSwitch or CELLplex units which  
communicates with and passes device information to the Network  
Management System.  
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol. A protocol originally designed  
to be used in managing TCP/IP internets. SNMP is presently  
implemented on a wide variety of computers and networking  
equipment and may be used to manage many aspects of network and  
end-station operation. The standard protocol used by the ATM  
Manager to request management data from a managed device.  
SVC Switched Virtual Channel. A virtual channel connection that has been  
established.  
UNI User-Network Interface. ATM Forum developed specification for the  
procedures and protocol between a user equipment and the ATM  
Network to effectively utilize ATM services and capabilities.  
VCI Virtual Channel Identifier. Part of the identifier of a particular virtual  
circuit in the ATM fabric.  
VPI Virtual Path Identifier. Part of the identifier of a particular virtual circuit  
in the ATM fabric.  
VLAN Virtual LAN. A network configuration in which users communicate  
using LAN protocols as if they were on the same physical LAN, but in  
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4
GLOSSARY  
fact they are on physically separate segments. A virtual LAN acts as a  
broadcast domain.  
VPI Virtual Path Identifier. A field in a cell header which identifies the  
specific virtual path on which the cell is traversing on the current  
physical circuit.  
VCI Virtual Channel Identifier. A field in a cell header which identifies the  
specific virtual channel on which the cell is traversing on the current  
physical circuit.  
VC Virtual Channel. Each physical circuit in an ATM Network is  
pre-configured with some number of virtual paths. Each virtual path  
may support many virtual channels. Neither VPs or VCs are assigned  
any dedicated bandwidth.  
TEM UNIX Transcend Enterprise Manager for UNIX.  
TEM Window s Transcend Enterprise Manager for Windows  
UI User Interface  
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ATM switches 7 -2  
ATMvLAN Devices Map 3 -3  
ATMvLAN Policies Map 3 -13  
ATMvLAN Toolbar 3 -15  
automatic discovery  
INDEX  
devices 1 - 3  
Automatic LANE Redundancy 4 -8, 4 -15  
Automatic LANE Redundancy Monitor 4 -6  
automatic map layout 7 -5  
automatic VLAN configuration  
A
AAL  
autoselect mode 4 -26  
in the protocol stack C - 3  
AAL5 C - 3  
parameters B - 6  
Active LECS table 1 - 40  
active/enabled  
Backbone and Services Configuration Assistant 3 -16  
Backbone and Services Configuration Window 1 - 11,  
4 -6  
backbone network  
ATM C - 6  
LECS 1 - 11  
adding devices 4 -4  
address resolution  
LEC C - 8  
address space  
list of in ATM network 3 -12  
Admin Status 4 -44  
admin VLAN C - 10  
aliases and colors  
VLAN 4 -21  
VLAN configuration 4 -21  
ARP C - 12  
ageing time 4 -42  
quality of 7 -16  
assistants 3 -16  
ATM  
bad traffic  
NNIx 7 -7  
Bandwidth Icon 7 -1  
bar graph  
NNIx 7 -10  
bridge  
default gateway 2 -3  
broadcast  
domain C - 6  
frames C - 9  
Broadcast and Unknown Server, see BUS  
broadcast or flooding domain 2 -7, 2 -9  
Build vDB Tool 1 - 31  
BUS 2 -7  
backbone network C - 6  
basics C - 2  
functions C - 9  
cell definition C - 2  
fixed length cells C - 2  
infrastructures 1 - 1  
network history C - 1  
physical layer in protocol stack C - 3  
switch connectivity 3 -12  
switch topology 3 -12  
switching C - 3  
in emulated LAN 7 -16  
tranmission rate utilization 7 -16  
cell  
ATM C - 2  
Central Management Console 2 -5  
central management station 2 -5  
Console) 2 -5  
ATM Adaptation Layer, see AAL  
ATM and VLAN assistants 3 -16  
ATM and VLAN Network Manager  
startup procedure 2 -10  
ATM and VLAN tools 2 -1, 3 -15  
ATM Device Manager Map 1 - 4  
ATM network  
basic concepts C - 2  
ATM Network Map 1 - 7, 3 -11, 3 -12  
features 1 - 8  
channel  
on ATM maps 3 -12  
pinpointing congenstions 4 -58  
clear all  
nodes from map 7 -3  
color coded legend  
NNIx 7 -4  
color status propogation 6 -1  
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2
INDEX  
colors and aliases  
VLAN configuration 4 -21  
community  
names 2 -3  
setting 2 -3  
Community String 1 - 37  
Component View 1 - 26  
configuration  
VLAN  
definition C - 11  
definition  
ATM cell C - 2  
default VLAN C - 11  
ELAN 2 -7  
LECS C - 9  
LES C - 9  
policy-based moves 5 -10, 5 -11  
Configuration Assistant icon 1 - 27  
configuration assistants 1 - 48, 3 -16, 3 -17, 4 -40  
configuration parameters  
LEC 4 -42  
NNI C - 3  
P-NNI C - 3  
SVC C - 5  
UNI C - 3  
VCC C - 4  
configuring  
Virtual LAN 2 -7  
Delete Node 7 -3  
deleting devices 4 -4  
device configuration  
for VLANs in ATM networks 2 -7  
for VLANS in non-ATM networks 2 -9  
device level  
measuring performance 7 -11  
troubleshooting 6 -2  
Device Manager Map 1 - 4  
devices  
IP address 2 -2  
NNIx Tool 7 -4  
SNMP SmartAgents and parameters 2 -3  
SNMP SmartAgents on devices 2 -2  
VLAN Server 4 -24  
configuring and customizing  
NNIx 7 -4  
congestion  
connectivity  
between ATM switches 3 -12  
edge device 3 -12  
IP 2 -3  
adding 4 -4  
discovering manually 4 -2  
modifying 4 -4  
verifying IP 2 -3  
displaying  
conventions  
switch hierarchy in NNIx 7 -2  
distributed management 2 -4  
distributed polling  
example 2 -6  
notice icons 10  
text 10  
CoreBuilder 1 - 17  
ATM port  
parameters and status 4 -50  
configuring IP address in 2 -2  
parameter and status information 4 -53  
switch board  
edge devices C - 2  
ELAN 4 -12, 4 -14  
parameter and status 4 -55  
CoreBuilder 4000 2 -1  
CoreBuilder 7000 1 - 36, 2 -1, 2 -3, 2 -7  
ATM Switch 2 -7  
ELAN to VLAN mapping 1 - 11  
Emulated LAN 2 -7  
encapsulation 1 - 1  
layer 2 2 -9  
guidelines for LES 2 -7  
CoreBuilder 7X00 2 -1, 2 -3  
CoreBuilder ATM Switch module 1 - 7  
Cross Reference icon 1 - 7  
cumulative pie chart 7 -11  
customize  
ATM and VLAN Management Application 2 -10  
VLAN colors and aliases 2 -11  
customizing  
equipment conventions 11  
Ethernet  
frames through port 7 -15  
integrated ATM switching C - 6  
port  
parameters and status 4 -45  
utilization 7 -15  
segment  
drag and drop on front panel 5 -7  
identifying using HPOV Locate option 5 -6  
moving between VLANs 5 -1  
moving using drag and drop between VLAN  
windows 5 -6  
NNIx Tool 7 -4  
D
default  
traffic through port 7 -14  
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INDEX  
3
examining  
virtual channels across NNI 4 -59  
virtual channels across UNI 4 -59  
switch 7 -4  
verifying connectivity 2 -3  
IP map 2 -3  
F
Fast Ethernet 2 -9  
Fast Setup Wizard 1 - 36  
frame tagging  
JDK 1 - 26  
VLAN C - 12  
frames  
L
LAN Emulation 1 - 1  
components  
broadcast C - 9  
multicast C - 9  
unicast C - 9  
BUS C - 9  
FSetup Tool 1 - 36  
overview C - 8  
protocols 2 -7  
tracing VCCs between LANE clients  
in Wizard Tool 6 -7  
G
Gigabit Ethernet topology 1 - 19  
Gigabit Network Map 1 - 18  
global subnet 2 -6  
good traffic  
User-to-Network Interface (LUNI) C - 9  
LAN Emulation Client, see LEC  
LAN Emulation Configuration Server, see LECS  
LAN Emulation Map 1 - 10, 3 -11  
features 1 - 10  
NNIx 7 -7  
Graph Assistant icon 1 - 27  
graph assistants 3 -17  
grapher tool 7 -20  
LAN Emulation Server, see LES  
LANE  
Backbone and Services  
configuration 4 -5  
clients 4 -12  
redundancy  
H
Help icon 1 - 28  
hierarchy of ATM switches 7 -2  
history  
modifying 4 -13  
redundancy demonstration 4 -16  
redundancy preconditions 4 -11  
restoring clients 4 -12  
statistics 7 -16  
ATM network C - 1  
graph 7 -11  
HPOV 1 - 2, 2 -5  
using Locate option 5 -6  
LANE redundancy  
manually modifying 4 -13, 5 -14  
planning and setup 4 -9  
LANE services  
monitoring 1 - 11  
LANE User  
I
identifying  
Ethernet segments  
by symbol label 5 -6  
IP address 5 -4  
statistics 7 -20  
LANplex 6 -2, C - 12  
packet filtering capabilities C - 12  
VLANs over ATM 6 -2  
LANplex 2500/6000 2 -1, 2 -3  
layer 2 encapsulation 2 -9  
LE  
identifying VLAN splits 6 -5  
in/out UNI traffic 7 -4  
integrated ATM Ethernet switching C - 6  
IP  
configuring address 2 -3  
IP address  
path assistant 3 -17  
LE Client  
configuring 2 -2  
connectivity 2 -3  
determining subnet address 2 -2  
identification 5 -4  
in CoreBuilder  
configuration parameters 4 -42  
identifier 4 -43  
state 4 -42  
LE Server  
configuring 2 -2  
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4
data 7 -16  
parameters and status 4 -43  
statistics 7 -16  
manual modification  
LECS database 5 -14  
manually modifying  
measuring  
network-wide ATM traffic  
NNIx 7 -1  
Mediation Poller 2 -4, 2 -5  
Medp (see Mediation Poller) 2 -4  
modifying  
LEC 2 -7, 2 -8, 4 -12, 4 -15  
configuration parameters 4 -42  
data forwarding C - 8  
manual return to primary LES 4 -14  
status parameters 4 -42  
timeout parameters 4 -42  
LEC configuration assistant 4 -40  
LECS 2 -7, 4 -13  
devices 4 -4  
Move icon 1 - 27  
moving  
active state 4 -7  
Ethernet segments  
database modification 4 -8  
definition C - 9  
disabled 4 -7  
enable state 4 -7  
drag and drop on front panel 5 -7  
using Move option 5 -2  
ports between protocol-based vLANS 5 -9  
MTU  
redundancy 4 -15  
select 4 -7  
LES parameters 4 -44  
multicast  
LECS Database configuration and synchronization 1 -  
48  
frames C - 9  
BUS C - 9  
LECS Redundancy 1 - 48  
LES 2 -7, 4 -13  
automatic recovery 4 -12  
definition C - 9  
failure 4 -13  
manually returning LECs 4 -12  
parameters 4 -44  
NetBuilder II 2 -1  
Netscape 1 - 26  
Network Administration VLAN C - 10  
network configuration tasks 4 -1  
network performance measurment 7 -1  
NMS 2 -2, 2 -3, 2 -4, 2 -8  
configuring 4 -17  
primary 4 -14  
resolving addresses C - 9  
status parameters 4 -44  
LES/BUS 2 -7  
link failure  
between two switches 3 -12  
link fault 3 -12  
NNI 3 -12  
definition C - 3  
examining virtual channels across 4 -59  
in ATM C - 2  
local VLANs 5 -10  
Locator Tool 1 - 30, 4 -23  
NNI links in NNIx 7 -4  
NNIt Tool 1 - 29  
bad traffic 7 -7  
M
color coded legend 7 -4  
Communication Configuration Tab 7 -7  
configuring and customizing 7 -4  
good traffic 7 -7  
MAC addresses  
LEC as a proxy C - 8  
LES resolution C - 9  
MAC Vdb database population  
manual 4 -30, 4 -34  
historical data 7 -2  
History Configuration Tab 7 -8  
Map Configuration Tab 7 -5  
Polling Configuration Tab 7 -6  
Simulation Configuration Tab 7 -8  
Traffic Polling Configuration 7 -6  
NNIx Bar Chart 7 -10  
management maps 1 - 4  
Manual Device Discovery 4 -4, 4 -5  
configuration assistant 3 -16  
Manual Device Discovery Tool 4 -2  
Manual Discovery Configuration Assistant 4 -2  
Manual Discovery Setup Window 4 -3  
Manual LANE Redundancy 4 -14  
NNIx Browser 7 -2  
NNIx Map 7 -3  
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NNIx Pie Chart 7 -10  
NNIx Tool  
polling stations 2 -5  
populating  
configuring and customizing 7 -4  
NNIx tool 7 -1  
Non-ATM VLANs  
MAC Vdb database 4 -29  
port level statistics 7 -1  
port parameters 4 -46  
predefined policies 1 - 16  
mediationd.cnf 2 -13  
noplatdis.cnf 2 -13  
numcpsrvs.cnf 2 -13  
protimeout.cnf 2 -13  
Spider.cnf 2 -14  
VnRgb.dat 2 -13  
primary LES 4 -14  
Private Network Network Interface see P-NNI  
product components 1 - 1  
protocol based  
VLANs  
non-ATM C - 11  
nterswitch Interim Signalling Protocol 1 - 28  
O
ONcore Switch Module 2 -1, 2 -3, 2 -8, 2 -9  
Oper Status 4 -44  
operating without an admin vLAN C - 10  
overview  
Lan Emulation C - 8  
VLAN C - 12  
protocol stack  
P
AAL C - 3  
packet filtering capabilites  
LANplex C - 12  
ATM layer C - 3  
physical layers C - 3  
protocol suite C - 12  
protocol-based VLAN 5 -9  
proxy 5 -10  
packet-filtering C - 11  
packet-tagging C - 11  
Pan 1 - 25  
parameters and status  
CoreBuilder 4 -53  
CoreBuilder ATM port 4 -50  
CoreBuilder Switch Board 4 -55  
Ethernet port 4 -45  
SuperStack II Switch 2700 4 -48  
SuperStack II Switch 2700 ATM port 4 -46  
path assistant  
proxy client 3 -19  
PVC  
features C - 5  
redundancy order 4 -7  
Resident LECS Service 1 - 39  
resolution 5 -10  
LE 3 -17  
Path Assistant icon 1 - 28  
performance  
restart ATM VLAN Application 2 -14  
route redundancy 4 -11  
ATM/Ethernet network C - 6  
device level 7 -11  
performance assistants 3 -16  
Performance Statistics window 7 -11  
Permanent Virtual Channels see PVC C - 4  
physical layer in ATM  
protocol stack C - 3  
physical layer management 2 -2  
P-NNI  
setting  
polling interval 7 -11  
SmartAgents  
configuring parameters 2 -3  
snapshot facility 3 -12  
snapshots 3 -12  
SNMP  
definition C - 3  
P-NNI links 1 - 8  
Policies Map 3 -14  
community  
policy-based moves  
configure default 2 -3  
connectivity 2 -3  
generic parameters 2 -3  
GET error B - 5  
Polling 2 -4  
SET error B - 6  
traffic distribution 2 -4  
troubleshooting setting B - 2  
VLAN 5 -10  
policy-based window 3 -14  
poller 2 -5  
local 2 -4  
on distributed machines 2 -4  
polling interval  
setting 7 -11  
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6
INDEX  
SNMP Poller  
HPOV 2 -4  
Snooping 5 -10  
snooping  
policy-based moves 5 -10  
Speed  
Zoom Out 1 - 25  
topology Browser icons  
Select Area 1 - 25  
Topology Tool 1 - 10, 1 - 20, 1 - 23, 3 -2  
ATMvLAN Objects Toolbar 1 - 27  
tracing  
LES parameter 4 -44  
Spider Tool 1 - 36  
LAN Emulation Control VCCs  
in Wizard Tool 6 -7  
traffic patterns 7 -3  
statistics  
LANE component 7 -16  
Transcend  
LE Server 7 -16  
common grapher tool 7 -20  
Transcend Topology Browser 1 - 23  
device level 6 -2  
problem with window B - 1  
switch domain 7 -22  
status parameters  
LEC 4 -42  
LES 4 -44  
LANE level 6 -3  
Virtual LANs level 6 -4  
Super Stack II Switch 2700  
parameters and status 4 -48  
SuperStack II Switch 1000 2 -8  
SuperStack II Switch 1000/3000 2 -1, 2 -3, 2 -9  
SuperStack II Switch 2000 2 -1, 2 -3  
SuperStack II Switch 2700 2 -1, 2 -3, 2 -8  
ATM port  
UNI 3 -12  
definition C - 3  
in ATM C - 2  
private C - 3  
public C - 3  
parameters and status 4 -46  
configuration assistant  
unicast frames C - 9  
Unload ATMvLAN Maps 2 -14  
unloading  
ATM and VLAN maps 2 -14  
User Network Interface, see UNI  
using  
IP address  
of bridge in 2 -3  
traffic in Ethernet port 7 -14  
SVC  
definition C - 5  
switch hierarchy 7 -3  
switch radius 7 -5  
Switched Virtual Circuit see SVC  
switching  
integrated ATM Ethernet C - 6  
standard ATM C - 3  
system messages B - 3  
Locate option in HPOV 5 -6  
utilization  
of Ethernet port 7 -15  
of LEC transmission 7 -18  
transmission rate of BUS 7 -16  
utilization of ATM  
T
VC Path Assistant  
tag-based VLANs C - 11  
tagging 1 - 1, 2 -9, C - 12  
method C - 11  
full device error B - 5  
VCC C - 3  
text conventions 10  
Topology Browser features  
Display Front Panel 1 - 26  
Highlight 1 - 26  
definition C - 4  
use of C - 9  
VCI C - 3  
virtual channel  
in ATM switching C - 3  
supported at the UNI C - 4  
Virtual Channel Connections, see VCC  
Virtual Channel Identifier, see VCI C - 3  
Virtual LAN Trunks, see VLT C - 11  
Virtual LAN Trunks, see VLT 2 -9  
Identify 1 - 26  
Rearrange 1 - 26  
Search 1 - 26  
Topology Browser icons  
Refresh 1 - 26  
Zoom In 1 - 25  
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INDEX  
7
Virtual Path Connection, see VPC  
Virtual Path Identifier, see VPI  
VLAN  
admin 4 -23, C - 10  
viewing 4 -23  
basics C - 6  
configuration policies 3 -14  
configuring aliases and colors 4 -21  
default 4 -23  
definition C - 11  
frame tagging C - 12  
ID 4 -22  
local 5 -10  
move operations 5 -2  
moves  
moving VLANs 5 -1  
network administration C - 10  
policy-based moves 5 -10  
protocol based C - 12  
splits 6 -5  
VLAN aliases and colors 3 -17  
retaining 4 -23  
VLAN moves  
policy-based 5 -10  
VLAN Policies Map 1 - 16  
VLAN Server  
configuring 4 -24  
VLT 2 -9, C - 11, C - 12  
VnPro Tool 1 - 33  
VPC C - 4  
VPI C - 3, C - 4  
W
web browser  
access 1 - 21  
Well Known LECS Address 4 -15  
Wizard Tool  
tracing  
LAN Emulation VCCs 6 -7  
Z
Zoom icon 1 - 22, 1 - 27  
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