3-810-917-13 (1)
Video Camera
Recorder h
CCD-TR78/TR88/TR98
Operation Manual
Before operating the unit, please read this manual thoroughly,
and retain it for future reference.
Owner’s Record
The model and serial numbers are located on the bottom. Record
the serial number in the space provided below. Refer to these
numbers whenever you call upon your Sony dealer regarding this
product.
Model No. CCD-
Model No. AC-
Serial No.
Serial No.
CCD-TR98
1996 by Sony Corporation
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Ta b le o f Co n t e n t s
Before You Begin
Using This Manual 4
Checking Supplied Accessories 5
Getting Started
Charging and Installing the Battery Pack 6
Inserting a Cassette 9
Basic Operations
Camera Recording 10
Using the Zoom Feature 13
Hints for Better Shooting 14
Checking the Recorded Picture 15
Connections for Playback 16
Playing Back a Tape 17
Advanced Operations
Using Alternative Power Sources 19
Recording with the Date or Time 21
Using the Built-in Light 22
Using the PROGRAM AE Function 24
Shooting with Backlighting 25
Selecting the START/ STOP Mode 26
Superimposing a Title 27
Using the STEADY SHOT Function (CCD-TR88/ TR98 only) 28
Changing the Mode Settings 29
Editing onto Another Tape 30
Additional Information
Changing the Lithium Battery in the Camcorder 31
Resetting the Date and Time 33
Playback Modes 34
Tips for Using the Battery Pack 34
Maintenance Information and Precautions 38
Using Your Camcorder Abroad 42
Trouble Check 43
Specifications 46
Identifying the Parts 48
Warning Indicators 55
Index Back cover
3
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Be fo re Yo u Be g in
Usin g Th is Ma n u a l
The instructions in this manual are for the three models listed below. Before you start reading this
manual and operating the unit, check your model number by looking at the bottom of your camcorder.
The CCD-TR98 is the model used for illustration purposes. Otherwise, the model name is indicated
in the illustrations. Any differences in operation are clearly indicated in the text, for example, “ CCD-
TR98 only”.
As you read through this manual, buttons and settings on the camcorder are shown in capital letters.
e.g. Set the POWER switch to CAMERA.
As indicated with ≥ in the illustrations, you can hear the beep sound to confirm your operation.
Typ e s o f Diffe re n ce s
Model
Viewfinder
B/ W Color
Steady
Shot
CCD-TR78
CCD-TR88
CCD-TR98
r
r
r
r
r
No t e o n TV Co lo r Syst e m s
TV color systems are different depending on the countries. If you view the playback picture on a TV,
you need an NTSC system based TV. When you want to use a PAL-M system based TV, you will
need an NTSC/ PAL-M transcoder (as this is an NTSC system based camcorder).
Pre ca u t io n o n Co p yrig h t
Television programs, films, video tapes, and other materials may be copyrighted.
Unauthorized recording of such materials may be contrary to the provision of the copyright laws.
Pre ca u t io n s o n Ca m co rd e r Ca re
• Do not let the camcorder get w et. Keep the camcorder from rain or sea w ater. It may cause a
malfunction and sometimes the malfunction cannot be repaired. [a]
• Do not let sand get into the camcorder. When you use the camcorder on a sandy beach or in
a dusty place, protect it from the sand or dust. Sand or dust may cause the unit to malfunction,
and sometimes this malfunction cannot be repaired. [b]
• Never leave the camcorder under temperatures above 140° F (60 °C), such as in a car parked in the
sun or under direct sunlight. [c]
[a ]
[b ]
[c]
See “Precautions” on page 41 as well.
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CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Ch e ckin g Su p p lie d Acce sso rie s
Check that the following accessories are supplied with your camcorder.
1
4
6
2
3
5
8
7
1 NP-33 Battery Pack (1) (p. 6)
2 A/V connecting cable (1) (p. 16)
3 Shoulder strap (1) (p. 51)
4 AC-V15/V16/V16A AC pow er adaptor (1) (p. 6, 19)
5 CR2025 Lithium Battery (1) (p. 31)
Already installed in the camcorder.
6 Wireless Remote Commander (1) (p. 17, 51)
7 Size AA (R6) battery for Remote Commander (2) (p. 52)
8 Battery case (1) (p. 20)
Contents of the recording cannot be compensated if recording or playback is not made due to a
malfunction of the camcorder, video tape, etc.
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CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Ge t t in g St a rt e d
Ch a rg in g a n d In st a llin g t h e Ba t t e ry Pa ck
Before using your camcorder, you first need to charge and install the battery pack. To charge the
battery pack, use the supplied AC power adaptor.
Ch a rg in g t h e Ba t t e ry Pa ck
Charge the battery pack on a flat place without vibration.
(1) Connect the AC power adaptor to the wall outlet.
(2) Align the right side of the battery pack with the line on the AC power adaptor, then slide the
battery pack in the direction of the arrow.
(3) Set the selector to CHARGE. The CHARGE lamp (orange) lights up. Charging begins.
When charging is completed, the CHARGE lamp goes out. Unplug the unit from the mains, and then
remove the battery pack and install it on the camcorder.
1
2
3
POWER
CHARGE
Ch a rg in g Tim e
Battery pack
NP-33
NP-98/98D NP-80/80D NP-68/66H
NP-66
NP-C65
NP-60D
(supplied)
Charging
time*
60
215
190
125
95
105
90
∗ Approximate minutes to charge an empty pack using the supplied AC power adaptor (Lower
temperatures require a longer charging time.)
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CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Ba t t e ry Life
Recording time with the built-in light on is indicated in parentheses.
CCD-TR78
NP-33
(supplied) 98D
NP-98/
NP-80/
80D
NP-68/
66H
Battery pack
NP-66
NP-C65 NP-60D
80 (45) 70 (35)
Typical recording time*
45 (25) 170 (85) 140 (75) 95 (55)
75 (40)
Continuous recording time**
85 (45) 300 (150) 250 (135) 170 (95) 140 (75) 150 (80) 125 (65)
CCD-TR88
NP-33
(supplied) 98D
NP-98/
NP-80/
80D
NP-68/
66H
Battery pack
NP-66
NP-C65 NP-60D
75 (40) 65 (35)
45 (25) 155 (80) 130 (75) 90 (50)
70 (40)
Typical recording time*
Continuous recording time** 80 (45) 270 (145) 230 (130) 160 (90) 130 (75) 140 (70) 115 (60)
CCD-TR98
NP-33
(supplied) 98D
NP-98/
NP-80/
80D
NP-68/
66H
Battery pack
NP-66
NP-C65 NP-60D
75 (40) 65(35)
Typical recording time*
45 (25) 150 (80) 130 (75) 90 (50)
70 (40)
Continuous recording time** 80 (45) 265 (145) 230 (130) 155 (90) 130 (70) 135 (70) 115 (60)
*
Approximate minutes when recording while you repeat recording start/ stop, zooming and
turning the power on/ off. The actual battery life may be shorter.
** Approximate continuous recording time indoors.
To Re m o ve t h e Ba t t e ry Pa ck
Slide the battery pack in the direction of the arrow.
Notes on charging the battery pack
• The POWER lamp will remain lit for a while even if the battery pack is removed and the power
cord is unplugged after charging the battery pack. This is normal.
• If the POWER lamp does not light, set the selector to VTR (DC OUT) and disconnect the power
cord. After about one minute, reconnect the AC power cord and set the selector to CHARGE again.
• You cannot operate the camcorder using the AC power adaptor while charging the battery pack.
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CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Ch a rg in g a n d In st a llin g t h e Ba t t e ry Pa ck
In st a llin g t h e Ba t t e ry Pa ck
(1) Insert the top of the battery pack into the top of the battery mounting surface.
(2) Push the battery pack so that it attaches firmly.
To Re m o ve t h e Ba t t e ry Pa ck
Slide BATT, and then pull the lower part of the battery pack.
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CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
In se rt in g a Ca sse t t e
Make sure that a power source is installed.
(1) While pressing the small blue button, slide EJECT in the direction of the arrow. The cassette
compartment automatically opens.
(2) Insert a cassette (not supplied) with the window facing out.
(3) Press the PUSH mark on the cassette compartment to close it. The cassette compartment
automatically closes.
2
1
3
To Eje ct t h e Ca sse t t e
While pressing the small blue button, slide EJECT in the direction of the arrow.
To Pre ve n t Accid e n t a l Era su re
Slide the tab on the cassette to expose the red mark.
If you insert the cassette with the red mark exposed and close the cassette compartment, the beeps
ˇ
sound for a while. If you try to record with the red mark exposed, the
the viewfinder, and you cannot record.
and 6 indicators flash in
To re-record on this tape, slide the tab back out covering the red mark.
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CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Ba sic Op e ra t io n s
Ca m e ra Re co rd in g
Make sure that a power source and a cassette is inserted.
When you use the camcorder for the first time, power on it and reset the date and time to your time
(p. 33) before you start recording. When you reset the date and time, the date is automatically
recorded for 10 seconds after you start recording (AUTO DATE feature). This feature works only
once a day.
Before you record one-time events, you may want to make a trial recording to make sure that you
are using the camcorder correctly.
(1) While pressing the small green button on the POWER switch, slide it to CAMERA.
(2) Slide the START/ STOP MODE switch to
.
(3) Turn STANDBY up. The “STBY” indicator appears in the viewfinder.
(4) Press START/ STOP (red button). The camcorder starts recording and the “STBY” indicator
changes to the “REC” indicator.
You can also select Recording mode, SP (standard play) mode or LP (long play) mode. Set REC
MODE (p. 29) according to the length of your planned recording before you start.
To St o p Re co rd in g Mo m e n t a rily [a ]
Press START/ STOP again. The “REC” indicator in the viewfinder changes to the “STBY” indicator
(Standby mode ).
To Fin ish Re co rd in g [b ]
Press START/ STOP. Turn STANDBY down, and set the POWER switch to OFF.
Then, eject the cassette (p. 9) and remove the battery pack (p. 8).
[a ]
[b ]
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CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Note on Standby mode
If you leave the camcorder for 5 minutes or more with a cassette inserted in Standby mode, the
camcorder goes off automatically. This prevents wearing down the battery and wearing out the tape.
To resume Standby mode, turn STANDBY down once and turn it up again. To start recording, press
START/ STOP.
To Fo cu s t h e Vie w fin d e r Le n s
If the viewfinder is not in focus at all or when you use the camcorder after someone else has used it,
focus the viewfinder lens. Turn the viewfinder lens adjustment ring [a] (CCD-TR78/ TR88) or move
the viewfinder lens adjustment lever [b] (CCD-TR98) so that the indicators in the viewfinder come
into sharp focus.
[a ] CCD-TR78/TR88
[b ] CCD-TR98
Note on the indicators in the view finder
The indicators appear in CAMERA mode only. They do not appear in PLAYER mode.
Recording w ith the START/STOP button depressed
You can also make recording while pressing down the START/ STOP button. To make the START/
STOP button work this way, slide the START/ STOP MODE switch to
. [c]
Shooting scenery in several short takes
You can automatically make recording for about 5 seconds with the 5 SEC (p. 26). To make the
START/ STOP button work this way, slide the START/ STOP MODE switch to 5 SEC. [d]
[c]
[d ]
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CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Ca m e ra Re co rd in g
Note on recording
When you record from the beginning of the tape, run the tape for about 15 seconds before actual
recording. This prevents the camcorder from missing any start-up scenes when you play back the
tape.
Notes on recording mode
• This camcorder records and plays back in SP (standard play) mode and in LP (long play) mode.
The playback quality in LP mode, however, will not be as good as that in SP mode.
• When a tape recorded on this camcorder in LP mode is played back on other types of 8mm
camcorders or VCRs, the playback quality may not be as good as that on this camcorder.
Notes on the tape counter
• The tape counter indicates the recording time. Use it as a guide. There will be a time lag of several
seconds from the actual time. To set the counter to zero, press COUNTER RESET.
• If the tape is recorded in SP and LP modes mixed, the tape counter shows incorrect recording time.
When you intend to edit the tape using the tape counter, record in same (SP or LP) mode.
Note on beep sound
As indicated with ≥ in the illustrations, a beep sounds when you turn the power on or when you
start recording and two beeps sound when you stop recording, confirming the operation. Several
beeps also sound as a warning of any unusual condition of the camcorder (p. 55). Note that the beep
sound is not recorded on the tape. If you do not want to hear the beep sound, set BEEP to “OFF” (p.
29).
Note on the AUTO DATE feature
The clock is set to East Coast Standard Time at the factory. You can reset the clock (p. 33).
The AUTO DATE feature shows the date automatically once a day. However, the date may
automatically appear more than once a day when:
– you reset the date and time.
– you eject and insert the tape again.
– you stop recording within 10 seconds.
When moving from indoors to outdoors (or vice versa)
Turn STANDBY up and point the camcorder at a white object for about 15 seconds so that the white
balance is properly adjusted.
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CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Usin g t h e Zo o m Fe a t u re
Zooming is a recording technique that lets you change the size of the subject in the scene. For more
professional-looking recordings, use the zoom sparingly.
T side: for telephoto (subject appears closer)
W side:for wide-angle (subject appears farther away)
Zo o m in g Sp e e d
Turn the power zoom lever fully for a high-speed zoom. Turn it lightly for a relatively slow zoom.
When you shoot a subject using a telephoto zoom
If you cannot get a sharp focus while in extreme telephoto zoom, turn the power zoom lever towards
the W side until the focus is sharp.
You can shoot a subject that is at least 2.6 feet (about 80 cm) away from the lens surface in the
telephoto position, or 1/ 2 inch (about 1 cm) in the wide-angle position.
No t e s o n Dig it a l Zo o m
You can select 12 x or 24 x of zooming.
• More than 12 x zoom is performed digitally, and the picture quality deteriorates as you go toward
the T side. If you do not want to use the digital zoom set the ZOOM function to x12 (p. 29).
• The right side [a ] in the power zoom indicator shows the digital zooming zone, and the left side
[b ] shows the opitical zooming zone. If you slide the ZOOM switch to x12, the [a] zone disappears.
13
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Hin t s fo r Be t t e r Sh o o t in g
For hand-held shots, you’ll get better results holding the camcorder according to the following
suggestions:
[a ]
[b ]
• Hold the camcorder firmly and secure it with the grip strap so that you can easily manipulate the
controls with your thumb. [a ]
• Place your right elbow against your side.
• Place your left hand under the camcorder to support it. Do not cover the microphone with your fingers.
• Place your eye firmly against the viewfinder eyecup.
• Use the viewfinder frame as a guide to determine the horizontal plane.
• You can also record in a low position to get an interesting recording angle. Turn the viewfinder up
for recording from a low position. [b ]
Place the camcorder on a flat surface or use a tripod
Try placing the camcorder on a table top or any other flat surface of suitable height. If you have a
tripod for a still camera, you can also use it with the camcorder.
When attaching a non-Sony tripod, make sure the tripod screw is shorter than 9/ 32 inch (6.5 mm).
Otherwise, the screw may damage the inner parts of the camcorder.
Cautions on the view finder
• Do not pick up the camcorder by the viewfinder. [c]
• Do not place the camcorder so as to point the viewfinder toward the sun. The inside of the viewfinder
may be damaged. Be careful when placing the camcorder under sunlight or by a window. [d ]
[c]
[d ]
Note on the color view finder (CCD-TR98 only)
The color viewfinder is made with high-precision technology. However, black points or bright points
of light (red, blue, or green) may appear on the color viewfinder. These points are not recorded on
the tape. This is not a malfunction. (Effective dots : more than 99.99%).
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CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Ch e ckin g t h e Re co rd e d Pict u re
Using EDITSEARCH, you can review the last recorded scene or check the recorded picture in the
viewfinder.
(1) While pressing the small green button on the POWER switch, slide it to CAMERA.
(2) Turn STANDBY up.
(3) Press EDITSEARCH. Press the – (Œ) side momentarily, the last few seconds of the recorded
portion plays back (Rec Review ).
Hold down the – side of EDITSEARCH until the camcorder goes back to the scene you want. The last
recorded portion is played back. To go forward, hold down the + side (Editsearch).
To Be g in Re -re co rd in g
Press START/ STOP. Re-recording begins from the point you released EDITSEARCH. Provided you
do not eject the cassette, the transition between the last scene you recorded and the next scene you
record will be smooth.
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CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Co n n e ct io n s fo r Pla yb a ck
You can use this camcorder as a VCR by connecting it to your TV for playback. It is recommended to
use the house current as the power source (p. 19).
If a VCR is co n n e ct e d t o a TV
Open the jack cover and connect the camcorder to LINE IN on the VCR by using the supplied A/ V
connecting cable. Set the input selector on the VCR to LINE. Set the TV/ VCR selector to VCR on the
TV.
: Signal flow
Co n n e ct in g Dire ct ly t o a TV
Open the jack cover and connect the camcorder to your TV by using the the supplied A/ V
connecting cable. Set the TV/ VCR selector to VCR on the TV.
: Signal flow
If your TV or VCR is a monaural type
Connect only the white plug for audio on both the camcorder and the TV or the VCR. With this
connection, the sound is monaural.
To Co n n e ct a TV o r a VCR w it h o u t Vid e o /Au d io In p u t Ja cks
Use the RFU-95UC RFU adaptor (not supplied).
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CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Pla yin g Ba ck a Ta p e
You can monitor the playback picture in the viewfinder. You can also monitor on the TV screen, after
connecting the camcorder to the TV/ VCR (p. 16).
You can control playback using the supplied Remote Commander.
(1) While pressing the small green button on the POWER switch, slide it to PLAYER.
(2) Insert the recorded tape with the window facing out.
(3) Press (. Playback starts.
PLAY
REW
FF
STOP
PAUSE
To stop playback, press p.
To rew ind the tape, press 0.
To fast-forw ard the tape, press ).
To Mo n it o r t h e So u n d w h ile Vie w in g t h e Pla yb a ck Pict u re in t h e Vie w fin d e r
Connect headphones (not supplied) to the 2 jack. (p.48)
See the next page for further informations.
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CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Pla yin g Ba ck a Ta p e
Va rio u s Pla yb a ck Mo d e s
To view a still picture (playback pause)
Press P during playback. To resume playback, press P or (.
To locate a scene (Picture Search)
Keep pressing 0 or ) during playback. To resume normal playback, release the button.
To monitor the high-speed picture during fastforw ard or rew ind (Skip Scan)
Keep pressing 0 while rewinding or ) while advancing the tape. To resume normal playback,
press (.
Notes on playback
• Streaks appear and the sound is muted in the various playback modes.
• When still picture mode lasts for 5 minutes or more, the camcorder automatically enters stop mode.
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CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Ad va n ce d Op e ra t io n s
Usin g Alt e rn a t ive Po w e r So u rce s
You can choose any of the following power sources for your camcorder: battery pack (p.6), the house
current, alkaline battery, and 12/ 24 V car battery. Choose the appropriate power source depending
on where you want to use your camcorder.
Place
Pow er source
House current
Battery pack
Accessory to be used
Indoors
Outdoor
Supplied AC power adaptor
Battery pack NP-33 (supplied), NP-98/ 98D, NP-80/ 80D,
NP-68, NP-66/ 66H, NP-C65, NP-60D
Battery case (supplied)
Size AA (LR 6) Alkaline
battery
In the car
12 V or 24 V car battery
DC pack DCP-77
This mark indicates that this product is a genuine accessory for Sony video product.
When purchasing Sony video products, Sony recommends that you purchase
accessories with this “GENUINE VIDEO ACCESSORIES” mark.
Usin g t h e Ho u se Cu rre n t
To use the supplied AC power adaptor:
(1) Connect the AC power cord to a wall outlet. Insert the top of the connecting plate of the AC
power adaptor into the top of the battery mounting surface. Push the connecting plate so that it
attaches firmly.
(2) Set the selector to VTR (DC OUT).
2
1
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CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Usin g Alt e rn a t ive Po w e r So u rce s
WARNING
AC power cord must only be changed at qualified service shop.
PRECAUTIONS
The set is not disconnected from the AC power source (mains) as long as it is connected to the wall
outlet, even if the set itself has been turned off.
Notes on the POWER lamp
• The POWER lamp will remain lit for a while even if the unit is unplugged after use. This is normal.
• If the POWER lamp does not light, disconnect the power cord. After about one minute, reconnect
the power cord.
To remove the adaptor
The adaptor is removed in the same way as the battery pack (p. 8).
Usin g t h e Ba t t e ry Ca se
Use the battery case (supplied) and six size AA (LR6) alkaline batteries (not supplied).
(1) Remove the battery holder from the battery case.
(2) Insert six new alkaline batteries into the battery holder, following the marking on the holder to be
sure the batteries are installed in the correct direction.
(3) Insert the battery holder with the alkaline batteries.
(4) Insert the battery case with the alkaline batteries to the battery mounting surface of the
camcorder in the same way as the battery pack (p. 8).
1
2
3
Ba t t e ry Life
Using alkaline batteries at 77°F (25°C)
Model
Typical recording time
Continuous recording time
160 min. (75 min.)
CCD-TR78
CCD-TR88
CCD-TR98
90 min. (40 min.)
80 min. (40 min.)
75 min. (35 min.)
145 min. (70 min.)
140 min. (65 min.)
Recording time with the built-in light on is indicated in parentheses.
Notes
• The above battery lives are estimates. The battery life may be shorter depending on the storage
condition of the battery before being purchased and temperature.
• You may not use the battery case in clold environment.
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CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
To remove the battery case
The battery case is removed in the same way as the battery pack (p. 8).
When you replace the batteries, be sure to remove the battery case from the camcorder to prevent
malfunction.
Usin g a Ca r Ba t t e ry
Use the DCP-77 DC pack (not supplied). Connect the cord of the DC pack to the cigarette lighter socket of
the car (12 V or 24 V). Connect the DC pack to the battery mounting surface of the camcorder.
To remove the DC pack
The DC pack is removed in the same way as the battery pack (p. 8).
Re co rd in g w it h t h e Da t e o r Tim e
Before you start recording or during recording, press DATE(+) or TIME(NEXT). You can record the
date or time displayed in the viewfinder with the picture. You cannot record the date and time at the
same time. Except for the date or time indicator, no indicator in the viewfinder is recorded.
The clock is set to East Coast Standard Time at the factory.
To St o p Re co rd in g w it h t h e Da t e o r Tim e
Press DATE(+) or TIME(NEXT) again. Recording continues.
Note
You cannot superimpose a title during recording the date or time.
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CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Usin g t h e Bu ilt -in Lig h t
You can use the built-in light to suit your shooting situation. The recommended distance between
the subject and camcorder is about 5 feet (1.5 meters).
While the camcorder is in Standby mode, slide LIGHT to ON. The built-in light turns on.
Turn STANDBY down to turn off.
To Tu rn On t h e Bu ilt -in Lig h t Au t o m a t ica lly
Slide LIGHT to AUTO.
The built-in light automatically turns on and off according to the ambient brightness.
However, if the built-in light turns on for more than about 5 minutes, it automatically turns off. In
this case, turn STANDBY down once and turn it up again.
Notes
•
The battery pack is quickly discharging while the built-in light is turned on. Slide LIGHT to OFF
when not in use.
•
When putting the camcorder into a bag, slide LIGHT to OFF and remove the battery pack to avoid
turning on the built-in light.
•
•
•
•
If the built-in light is turned on when the battery is weak, the battery may be used up quickly.
Flickering may occur when you shoot white and bright subjects in AUTO mode.
The built-in light may turn on/ off when you use the PROGRAM AE or BACK LIGHT function.
When using a marine pack or sports pack (not supplied), slide LIGHT to OFF.
CAUTION
Be careful not to touch the lighting section, because the plastic w indow and surrounding
surfaces are hot w hile the light is on. It remains hot for a w hile after the light is turned off.
DANGER
Not to be handled by children.
Emits intense heat and light.
Use w ith caution to reduce the risk of fire or injury to persons.
Do not direct light at persons or materials from less than 4 feet (1.22 meters) during use and
until cool.
Slide LIGHT to OFF w hen not in use.
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CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Re p la cin g t h e Bu lb
Use the Sony XB-3D halogen lamp (not supplied).
Remove the power source before replacing the bulb.
(1) While pushing the hole under the built-in light unit using a wire, remove the unit.
(2) Turn the bulb housing counterclockwise and detach from the built-in light unit.
(3) Replace the bulb using a dry cloth.
(4) Attach the bulb housing turning it clockwise, then replace the built-in light unit.
1
3
2
CAUTION
•
•
When replacing the bulb, use only the Sony XB-3D halogen lamp (not supplied) to reduce the risk
of fire.
To prevent possible burn hazard, disconnect the power source before replacing and do not touch
the bulb until the bulb becomes cool enough to handle (for about 30 minutes or more).
Note
To prevent the bulb from being smudged with finger prints, handle it with a dry cloth, etc. If the
bulb is smudged, wipe it completely.
23
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Usin g t h e PROGRAM AE Fu n ct io n
You can select from three PROGRAM AE (Auto Exposure) modes to suit your shooting situation.
When you use PROGRAM AE, you can capture high-speed action or night views.
Se le ct in g t h e Be st Mo d e
Select the best mode by using the following examples.
å
A
Å
å Sports mode
Å Tw ilight mode
•
Outdoor sports scenes such as football, tennis,
golf or skiing
•
Recording night views, neon signs or
fireworks
•
A landscape in a moving car
A High-speed shutter mode
•
A golf swing or a tennis match in fine weather
with the ball captured clearly
•
Playing back certain scenes with high-speed
movements in clear, sharp picture
Usin g t h e PROGRAM AE Fu n ct io n
Set the mark of the desired mode to the r mark above the PROGRAM AE dial.
Note on shutter speed
The shutter speed in each PROGRAM AE mode is as follows:
Sports mode – between 1/ 60 to 1/ 500
High-speed shutter mode – 1/ 4000
Twilight mode – 1/ 60 (to 1/ 100 when the Steady Shot is on — CCD-TR88/ TR98 only )
AUTO mode – 1/ 60 (to 1/ 100 when the Steady Shot is on — CCD-TR88/ TR98 only )
24
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Sh o o t in g w it h Ba cklig h t in g
When you shoot a subject with the light source behind the subject or a subject with a light
background, use the BACK LIGHT.
Press BACK LIGHT. The c indicator appears inside the viewfinder.
[a ] Subject is too dark because of backlight.
[b ] Subject becomes bright with backlight compensation.
Aft e r Sh o o t in g
Press BACK LIGHT again to let the c indicator go out under normal lighting condition. Otherwise,
the picture will be too bright under normal lighting condition.
This function is also effective under follow ing conditions:
• On the snow e.g. at the ski resort
• At the beach under strong sunshine
• A subject with a light source nearby or a mirror reflecting light
• A white subject against a white background. Especially when you shoot a person wearing shiny
clothes made of silk or synthetic fiber, his or her face tends to become dark if you do not use this
function.
25
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Se le ct in g t h e START/STOP Mo d e
Your camcorder has two modes besides normal start/ stop mode. These modes enable you to take a
series of quick shots resulting in a lively video.
(1) Set START/ STOP MODE to the desired mode.
: Recording starts when you press START/ STOP, and stops when you press it again (normal
mode).
: The camcorder records only while you press down START/ STOP.
5 SEC : When you press START/ STOP, the camcorder records for about five seconds and then
stops automatically.
(2) Turn STANDBY up and press START/ STOP. Recording starts.
If you selected 5 SEC, five dots appear in the viewfinder. The dots disappear at a rate of one per
second as illustrated below. When about five seconds elapse and all the dots disappear, the
camcorder switches to Standby mode automatically.
If you selected
, the camcorder records as long as you hold down START/ STOP.
To Ext e n d t h e Re co rd in g Tim e in 5 SEC Mo d e
Press START/ STOP again before all the dots disappear. Recording continues for about five seconds
from the moment you press START/ STOP.
26
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Su p e rim p o sin g a Tit le
You can select from nine preset titles to superimpose it on the picture during recording. Each time
you press TITLE, the preset titles appear one by one.
To Su p e rim p o se fro m t h e Be g in n in g
(1) Slide the POWER switch to CAMERA.
(2) Turn STANDBY up.
(3) Press TITLE repeatedly until the desired title appears. The title flashes.
(4) Press START/ STOP to start recording.
(5) Press TITLE when you want to turn off the title.
To Su p e rim p o se On t h e Wa y o f Re co rd in g
(1) Press TITLE repeatedly until the desired title appears. The title flashes.
(2) When the title stops flashing, press TITLE. The title disappears.
(3) Press START/ STOP to start recording.
(4) Press TITLE when you want to superimpose the title.
(5) Press TITLE when you want to turn off the title.
Note on selecting a title
You cannot select a title during recording.
27
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Usin g t h e STEADY SHOT Fu n ct io n
— CCD-TR88/TR98 only
You can use the Steady Shot to compensate for camera-shake. Do not use the Steady Shot when
shooting a stationary object with a tripod.
Usin g t h e STEADY SHOT Fu n ct io n
Slide STEADY SHOT to ON.
To Re le a se t h e St e a d y Sh o t
Slide STEADY SHOT to OFF.
Notes on the Steady Shot
•
•
The Steady Shot will not correct excessive camera-shake.
When you switch the Steady Shot on or off, the exposure may fluctuate.
28
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Ch a n g in g t h e Mo d e Se t t in g s
You can change the mode settings to further enjoy the features and functions.
(1) Slide the cover to the left. You will find the mode switches.
(2) Set the mode switches to the desired mode.
(3) Close the cover.
Se le ct in g t h e Mo d e Se t t in g o f Ea ch It e m
ZOOM <x24/x12>
•
•
Set to x24 to activate digital zooming.
Set to x12 otherwise. The zooming ability becomes x12.
COMMANDER <ON/OFF>
•
•
Set to ON when using the supplied Remote Commander for the camcorder.
Set to OFF when not using the Remote Commander for the camcorder.
BEEP <ON/OFF>
•
•
Set to ON to turn the beep sound on.
Set to OFF to turn the beep sound off.
REC MODE <SP/LP>
•
•
Select SP to record a tape in SP (standard play) mode.
Select LP to record a tape in LP (long play) mode.
29
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Ed it in g o n t o An o t h e r Ta p e
You can create your own video program by editing with any other h 8 mm, H Hi8, j VHS,
k S-VHS, VHSC, K S-VHSC, l Betamax or ¬ ED Betamax VCR that has video/
audio inputs.
After connecting the camcorder to the VCR,
(1) Slide the POWER switch to PLAYER.
(2) Insert a blank tape (or a tape you want to record over) into the recording VCR. Then insert your
recorded tape into the camcorder.
(3) Play back the recorded tape on the camcorder until you locate the point where you want to start
editing. Then press P to set the camcorder to playback pause mode.
(4) Set the recording VCR to recording pause mode.
(5) Press P on the camcorder and then on the VCR to start editing.
: Signal flow
To Ed it Mo re Sce n e s
Repeat steps 3 to 5.
To St o p Ed it in g
Press p STOP on the camcorder and VCR.
30
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Ad d it io n a l In fo rm a t io n
Changing the Lithium Battery in the Cam corder
Your camcorder is supplied with a lithium battery installed. When the battery becomes weak or dead, the
I indicator flashes in the viewfinder for about 5 seconds when you set the POWER switch to CAMERA.
In this case, replace the battery w ith a Sony CR2025 or Duracell DL-2025 lithium battery. Use of
any other battery may present a risk of fire or explosion.
The lithium battery for the camcorder lasts for about 1 year under normal operation. (The lithium
battery that comes installed at the factory may not last 1 year.)
No t e o n Lit h iu m Ba t t e ry
Note that the lithium battery has a positive (+) and a negative (–) terminals as illustrated. Be sure to
install the lithium battery so that terminals on the battery match the terminals on the
camcorder.
0
2
25
0
CR
2
CR
5
(+)
(–)
WARNING
The battery may explode if mistreated. Do not recharge, disassemble, or dispose of in fire.
Caution
Keep the lithium battery out of the reach of children. Should the battery be sw allow ed,
consult a doctor immediately.
31
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Ch a n g in g t h e Lit h iu m Ba t t e ry in t h e Ca m co rd e r
Ch a n g in g t h e Lit h iu m Ba t t e ry
When replacing the lithium battery, keep the battery pack or other power source attached.
Otherwise, you will need to reset the date and time.
(1) Slide the cover and align the mark of the cover to that of the body. Press down the cover.
(2) Push the battery in once and pull it out from the holder.
(3) Install the lithium battery with the positive (+) side facing out.
(4) Align the mark of the cover to that of the body. Press the cover until it clicks and slide the cover.
1
3
2
4
3
1
2
2
3
1
32
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Re se t t in g t h e Da t e a n d Tim e
Reset the date and time using the DATE(+) and TIME(NEXT) buttons.
(1) Slide the POWER switch to CAMERA.
(2) Turn STANDBY up.
(3) Press DATE(+) and TIME(NEXT) simultaneously until the year indicator flashes in the
viewfinder.
(4) Set year, month, day, time, minute by pressing DATE(+) and TIME(NEXT). Note that when you
keep DATE(+) pressed, the digits advance faster.
To Co rre ct t h e Da t e a n d Tim e Se t t in g
Repeat steps 3 and 4.
To Ch e ck t h e Da t e a n d Tim e
Press DATE(+) to display the date indicator in the viewfinder. Press TIME(NEXT) to display the time
indicator. When you press the same button again, the indicator goes out.
Th e ye a r in d ica t o r ch a n g e s a s fo llo w s:
Note on the time indicator
The internal clock of the camcorder operates on a 12-hour cycle.
12:00:00 AM stands for midnight.
12:00:00 PM stands for noon.
33
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Pla yb a ck Mo d e s
The playback mode is selected automatically according to the recording system (SP/ LP mode) in
which the tape was recorded.
Note on AFM HiFi stereo
When you play back a tape, the sound will be in monaural if:
• You record the tape using this camcorder, then play it back on an AFM HiFi monaural video
recoeder/ player.
• You record the tape on an AFM HiFi monaural video recorder, then play it back on this
camcorder.
Foreign 8 mm video
You cannot play back tapes recorded on a different TV color system. Because the TV color systems
differ from country to country, you may not be able to play back foreign pre-recorded tapes. Refer to
the list of “Using Your Camcorder Abroad” to check the TV color system of foreign countries.
Tip s fo r Usin g t h e Ba t t e ry Pa ck
This section shows you how you can get the most out of your battery pack.
Pre p a rin g t h e Ba t t e ry Pa ck
Alw a ys Ca rry Ad d it io n a l Ba t t e rie s
Have sufficient battery pack power to do 2 to 3 times as much recording as you have planned.
Ba t t e ry Life is Sh o rt e r in Co ld En viro n m e n t
Battery efficiency is decreased and the battery will be used up more quickly if you are recording in
cold environment.
To Sa ve Ba t t e ry Po w e r
Turn the STANDBY switch on the camcorder down when not recording to save battery power.
A smooth transition between scenes can be made even if recording is stopped and started again.
While positioning the subject, selecting an angle, or looking through the viewfinder lens, the lens
moves automatically and the battery is used. The battery is also used when a cassette is inserted or
removed.
Wh e n t o Re p la ce t h e Ba t t e ry
While you are using your camcorder in CAMERA mode, the remaining battery indicator decreases
gradually as battery power is used up.
34
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Tip s fo r Usin g t h e Ba t t e ry Pa ck
When the remaining battery indicator reaches the lowest point, the i indicator appears and starts
flashing in the viewfinder.
When the i indicator in the viewfinder disappears and the battery lamp flashes rapidly, turn the
POWER switch to OFF on the camcorder and replace the battery pack. Leave the tape in the camcorder to
obtain smooth transition between scenes after the battery pack has been replaced.
Note on the remaining battery indicator
The remaining battery indicator of the camcorder may indicate a different remaining capacity from
that of the battery pack with the remaining battery indicator (not supplied). The indicator of the
battery pack is more accurate.
No t e s o n t h e Re ch a rg e a b le Ba t t e ry Pa ck
Ca u t io n
Never leave the battery pack in temperatures above 140°F (60°C), such as in a car parked in the sun
or under direct sunlight.
Th e Ba t t e ry He a t s Up
During charging or recording, the battery pack heats up. This is caused by energy that has been
generated and a chemical change that has occurred inside the battery pack. This is not cause for concern
and is normal.
Ba t t e ry Pa ck Ca re
• Remove the battery pack from the camcorder after using it, and keep it in a cool place. When the
battery pack is installed to the camcorder, a small amount of current flows to the camcorder even if
the POWER switch is set to OFF. This is shortens battery life.
• The battery pack is always discharging even when it is not in use after charging. Therefore, you
should charge the battery right before using the camcorder.
Ho w t o Use t h e Sw it ch o n t h e Ba t t e ry Pa ck
When the switch is supplied with the battry pack ([a] on p. 36) you can use it to find whether the
battery pack is charged or not. Set the switch to the “no mark” position when charging is completed.
Set the switch to the “red mark” position when the battery is used up (or in whichever direction you
want to remind yourself).
Th e Life o f t h e Ba t t e ry Pa ck
If the battery lamp flashes rapidly just after turning on the camcordrer with a fully charged battery
pack, the battery pack should be replaced with a new fully charged one.
Ch a rg in g Te m p e ra t u re
You should charge batteries at temperatures from 50°F to 86°F (from 10°C to 30°C). Lower
temperatures require a longer charging time.
So n y Ba t t e rie s a re Re co m m e n d e d
Use of non-Sony batteries may damage your Handycam camcorder.
35
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Tip s fo r Usin g t h e Ba t t e ry Pa ck
No t e s o n Ch a rg in g
A Bra n d -n e w Ba t t e ry
A brand-new battery pack is not charged. Before using the battery pack, charge it completely.
Aft e r Lo n g St o ra g e
Recharge the battery pack after a long period of storage. If the battery pack is charged fully but not
used for a long time (about 1 year), it becomes discharged. Charge it again, but in this case the
battery life will be shorter than normal. After several charging and discharging cycles, the battery
life will recover its original capacity.
No t e s o n t h e Te rm in a ls
If the terminals (metal parts on the back) are not clean, the battery charge duration w ill be
shortened.
When the terminals are not clean or when the battery pack has not been used for a long time, repeatedly
install and remove the battery pack a few times. This improves the contact condition. Also, wipe the +
and – terminals with a soft cloth or paper.
Be Su re t o Ob se rve t h e Fo llo w in g
• To prevent an accident caused by a short circuit, do not allow metal objects such as a
necklace to touch the battery terminals. Carry the battery pack attaching to the terminal
cover. [b]
• Keep the battery pack away from fire.
• Keep the battery pack dry.
• Do not open nor try to disassemble the battery pack.
• Do not expose the battery pack to any mechanical shock.
[b ]
[a ]
36
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
No t e s o n t h e Ba t t e ry Ca se
•
Use only w ith alkaline batteries. You cannot use the battery case w ith manganese batteries or
size AA rechargeable NiCd batteries.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Battery life is remarkably shorter in a cold environment (lower than 50°F/ 10°C).
Keep the metal part clean. If it gets dirty, wipe it with a soft cloth.
Do not disassemble or convert the battery case.
Do not expose the battery case to any mechanical shock.
During recording, the battery case heats up. This is not cause for concern.
Prevent the electrode in the battery case from coming in contact with a metal object.
If you will not use the battery case for a long time, detach the battery case from the camcorder and
remove the batteries from the battery case.
No t e s o n Alka lin e Ba t t e rie s
To avoid possible damage from battery leakage or corrosion, observe the following.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Be sure to insert the batteries in the correct direction.
Alkaline batteries are not rechargeable.
Do not use a combination of new and old batteries.
Do not use different types of batteries.
The batteries slowly discharge while not in use.
Do not use a battery that is leaking.
If battery leakage occurred
•
•
•
Wipe off the liquid in the battery case carefully before replacing the batteries.
If you touch the liquid, wash it off with water.
If the liquid get into your eyes, wash your eyes with a lot of water and then consult a doctor.
37
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Ma in t e n a n ce In fo rm a t io n a n d Pre ca u t io n s
Mo ist u re Co n d e n sa t io n
If the camcorder is brought directly from a cold place to a warm place, moisture may condense
inside the camcorder, on the surface of the tape, or on the lens. In this condition, the tape may stick
to the head drum and be damaged or the unit may not operate correctly. To prevent possible
damage under these circumstances, the camcorder is furnished with moisture sensors. Please, take
the following precautions.
In sid e t h e Ca m co rd e r
If there is moisture inside the camcorder, the beep sounds and the DEW lamp or the { indicator flashes.
If this happens, none of the function except cassette ejection will work. Open the cassette compartment,
turn off the camcorder, and leave it about 1 hour. When 6 indicator flashes at the same time, the cassette
is inserted in the camcorder. Eject the cassette, turn off the camcorder, and leave also the cassette about 1
hour. The camcorder can be used again if the { indicator does not appear when the power is turned on
again.
On t h e Le n s
If moisture condenses on the lens, no indicator appears, but the picture becomes dim. Turn off the
power and do not use the camcorder for about 1 hour.
Ho w t o Pre ve n t Mo ist u re Co n d e n sa t io n
When bringing the camcorder from a cold place to a warm place, put the camcorder in a plastic bag
and allow it to adapt to room conditions over a period of time.
(1) Be sure to tightly seal the plastic bag containing the camcorder.
(2) Remove the bag when the air temperature inside it has reached the temperature surrounding it
(after about 1 hour).
38
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Vid e o He a d Cle a n in g
To ensure normal recording and clear pictures, clean the video heads. When v appears in the
viewfinder in CAMERA mode or playback pictures are “noisy” or hardly visible, the video heads
may be contaminated.
[a ]
[b ]
[a] Slightly contaminated
[b] Critically contaminated
If this happens, clean the video heads with the Sony V8-25CLH cleaning cassette (not supplied). After
checking the picture, if it is still “noisy”, repeat the cleaning. (Do not repeat cleaning more than 5 times in
one session.)
Caution
Do not use a commercially available wet-type cleaning cassette. It may damage the video heads.
Note
If the V8-25CLH cleaning cassette is not available in your area, consult your nearest Sony dealer.
39
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Ma in t e n a n ce In fo rm a t io n a n d Pre ca u t io n s
Re m o vin g Du st fro m in sid e t h e Vie w fin d e r
— CCD-TR78/TR88 only
(1) Remove the screw with a screwdriver (not supplied). Then, while sliding the RELEASE knob,
turn the eyecup in the direction of the arrow and pull it out.
(2) Clean the surface with a commercially available blower.
1
2
To Re a t t a ch t h e Eye cu p
(1) Align the groove on th eyecup with the • mark on the barrel.
(2) Turn the eyecup in the direction of the arrow. Then, replace the screw.
1
2
Caution
Do not remove any other screws. You may remove only the screw to remove the eyecup.
40
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Pre ca u t io n s
Ca m co rd e r Op e ra t io n
• Operate the camcorder using 6.0 V (battery pack), or 7.5 V (AC power adaptor).
• For DC or AC operation, use only the recommended accessories.
• Should any solid object or liquid fall into the casing, unplug the camcorder and have it checked by your
nearest Sony dealer before operating it any further.
• Avoid rough handling or mechanical shock. Be particularly careful of the lens.
• Keep the POWER switch set to OFF when not using the camera.
• Do not wrap up the camcorder and operate it since heat may build up internally.
• Keep the camcorder away from strong magnetic fields or mechanical vibration.
Bu ilt -in lig h t
• Do not knock or jolt the built-in light while it is turned on as it may damage the bulb or shorten the
life of the bulb.
• Do not leave the built-in light on while it is resting on or against something; it may cause a fire or
damage the built-in light.
On Ha n d lin g Ta p e s
Do not insert anything in the small holes on the rear of the cassette. These holes are used to sense the
type of tape, thickness of tape and if the recording tab is out or in.
Ca m co rd e r Ca re
• When the camcorder is not to be used for a long time, disconnect the power source and remove the
cassette. Periodically turn on the power, operate the camera and player sections and play back a
tape for about 3 minutes.
• Clean the lens with a soft brush to remove dust. If there are fingerprints on the lens, remove them
with a soft cloth.
• Clean the camcorder body with a soft dry cloth, or a soft cloth lightly moistened with a mild
detergent solution. Do not use any type of solvent which may damage the finish.
AC Po w e r Ad a p t o r
Charging
• Use only for the specified battery pack. This unit cannot be used to charge a lithium ion type
battery.
• Attach the battery pack firmly.
• Place the battery pack on a flat surface without vibration during charging.
Others
• Unplug the unit from the wall (mains) outlet when not in use for a long time. To disconnect the
cord (mains lead), pull it out by the plug. Never pull the cord itself.
• Do not operate the unit with a damaged cord or if the unit has been dropped or damaged.
• Do not bend the AC power cord (mains lead) forcibly, or put a heavy object on it. This will damage
the cord and may cause a fire or an electrical shock.
• Be sure that nothing metallic comes into contact with the metal parts of the connecting plate. If this
happens, a short may occur and the unit may be damaged.
• Always keep the metal contacts clean.
• Do not disassemble the unit.
• Do not apply mechanical shock or drop the unit.
• While the unit is in use, particularly during charging, keep it away from AM receivers and video
equipment because it will disturb AM reception and video operation.
41
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Ma in t e n a n ce In fo rm a t io n a n d Pre ca u t io n s
• The unit becomes warm while in use. This is normal.
• Do not place the unit in locations that are:
– Extremely hot or cold
– Dusty or dirty
– Very humid
– Vibrating
If any difficulty should arise, unplug the unit and contact your nearest Sony dealer.
Usin g Yo u r Ca m co rd e r Ab ro a d
Each country has its own electricity and TV color systems. Before using your camcorder abroad,
check the following points:
Po w e r So u rce s
You can use your camcorder in any country with the supplied AC power adaptor within 110 V to 240
V AC, 50/ 60 Hz. Use a commercially available AC plug adaptor [a], if necessary, depending on the
design of the wall outlet [b].
AC-V15/V16/V16A
[a ]
[b ]
Diffe re n ce in Co lo r Syst e m s
This camcorder is an NTSC system-based camcorder. If you want to view the playback picture on a
TV, it must be an NTSC system based TV. When you want to use a PAL-M system based TV, you
will need an NTSC/ PAL-M transcoder. Check the following list.
NTSC system countries
Bahama Islands, Bolivia, Canada, Central America, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Jamaica, Japan, Korea,
Mexico, Peru, Surinam, Taiwan, the Philippines, the U.S.A., Venezuela, etc.
PAL-system countries
Australia, Austria, Belgium, China, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Great Britain, Holland, Hong
Kong, Italy, Kuwait, Malaysia, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Singapore, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Thailand, etc.
PAL-M system country
Brazil
PAL-N system countries
Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay
SECAM system countries
Bulgaria, Czech Republic, France, Guyana, Hungary, Iran, Iraq, Monaco, Poland, Russia, Slovak
Republic, Ukraine, etc.
42
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Tro u b le Ch e ck
If you run into any problem using the camcorder, use the following table to troubleshoot the problem.
Should the difficulty persist, disconnect the power source and contact your Sony dealer or local
authorized Sony service facility.
Ca m co rd e r
Po w e r
Symptom
Cause and/or Corrective Actions
• The battery pack is not attached or not attached firmly.
m Attach the battery pack firmly by pushing the lower part of
the battery pack. (p.8)
The power is not on.
• The battery is dead.
m Use a charged battery pack. (p.6)
• The AC power adaptor is not connected to a wall outlet.
m Connect the AC power adaptor to a wall outlet. (p.19)
The power goes off.
• While being operated in CAMERA mode, the camcorder has
been in the Standby mode for more than 5 minutes.
m Turn STANDBY down once and turn it up again. (p.11)
• The battery is dead.
m Use a charged battery pack. (p.6)
• The ambient temperature is too low. (p.34)
• The battery pack has not been charged fully.
m Charge the battery pack again. (p.6)
The battery pack is quickly
discharged.
• The battery pack is completely dead, and cannot be recharged.
m Use another battery pack. (p.35)
Op e ra t io n
Symptom
Cause and/or Corrective Actions
START/ STOP does not
operate.
• The tape is stuck to the drum.
m Eject the cassette. (p.9)
• The tape has run out.
m Rewind the tape or use a new one. (p.17)
• The POWER switch is set to PLAYER.
m Set to CAMERA. (p.10)
• The tab on cassette is out (red).
m Use a new cassette or slide the tab. (p.9)
The cassette cannot be
• The battery is dead.
removed from the holder.
m Use a charged battery pack or the AC power adaptor. (p.6, 19)
• Moisture condensation has occurred.
m Remove the cassette and leave the camcorder for at least an
hour. (p.38)
No function except for
cassette ejection works.
The tape does not move when
a tape transport button is
pressed.
• The POWER switch is set to CAMERA or OFF.
m Set it to PLAYER. (p.17)
• The tape has run out.
m Rewind the tape or use a new one. (p.17)
(to be continued)
43
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Tro u b le Ch e ck
Symptom
Cause and/or Corrective Actions
The date or time
indicator is flashing.
• You pressed DATE and TIME together for more than
2 seconds.
m The camcorder is not malfunctioning.
You may start recording.Flashing will stop soon.
The date or time indicator
disappears.
m Reset the date and time. (p.33)
• START/ STOP MODE is set to
m Set it to . (p.26)
or 5 SEC.
Recording stops in a few
seconds.
The built-in light turns off
while in use.
• LIGHT is set to AUTO.
m Set it to ON. (p.22)
The built-in light turns on
and off repeatedly.
• LIGHT is set to AUTO.
m Set it to ON. (p.22)
• Bulb is dead.
m Replace the bulb. (p.23)
The built-in light does not
turn on when LIGHT is set
to ON.
Pict u re
Symptom
Cause and/or Corrective Actions
• The viewfinder lens is not adjusted.
m Adjust the viewfinder lens. (p.11)
The image on the viewfinder
screen is not clear.
A vertical band appears when a
subject such as lights or a candle
flame is shot against a dark
background.
• The contrast between the subject and background is
too high.
m The camcorder is not malfunctioning. Change
locations.
The picture is “noisy”.
• The video heads may be dirty.
m Clean the heads using the Sony V8-25CLH cleaning
cassette. (p.39)
Ot h e rs
Symptom
Cause and/or Corrective Actions
The supplied Remote
Commander does not work.
• COMMANDER is set to OFF.
m Set it to ON. (p.29)
• Something is blocking the infrared rays.
m Remove the obstacle.
• The battery is not inserted with the correct polarity.
m Insert the battery with the correct polarity. (p.52)
• The batteries are dead.
m Insert new ones. (p.52)
There is dust in the viewfinder.
(CCD-TR78/ TR88 only)
m Detach the eyecup and clean the viewfinder lens.
(p.40)
44
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
AC Po w e r Ad a p t o r
Symptom
Cause and/or Corrective Actions
The POWER lamp does not
light.
m Set the selector to VTR (DC OUT) and disconnect the AC
power cord. After about one minute, try again. (p.7)
• See the following chart.
The CHARGE lamp flashes.
Wh e n t h e CHARGE La m p Fla sh e s
Check through the following chart.
Remove the battery pack from the
AC power adaptor. Then install the
same battery pack again.
When the CHARGE lamp doe not
flash again
If the CHARGE lamp lights up and
goes out after a while, there is no
problem.*
When the CHARGE lamp
flashes again
Install another battery pack.
When the CHARGE lamp does not
flash again
If the CHARGE lamp lights up and
goes out after a while, the problem is
with the battery pack installed first.
When the CHARGE lamp
flashes again
The problem is with the AC power
adaptor.
Please contact your nearest Sony
dealer in connection with the
product with the problem.
∗ If you use a battery pack which you have just bought or which has been left unused for a long
time, the CHARGE lamp may flash at the first charging. This does not indicate a problem. Repeat
again to charge with the same battery pack.
45
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Sp e cifica t io n s
Input and Output connectors
Video output
Phono jack, 1 Vp-p, 75 Ω,
unbalanced
Mass
Vid e o Ca m e ra Re co rd e r
System
Excluding the battery pack,
lithium battery, cassette and
shoulder strap
Approx. 1 lb 10 oz (740 g)
Including the battery pack NP-
33, lithium battery CR2025,
cassette P6-120 and shoulder
strap
Video recording system
Two rotary heads, Helical
scanning, FM system
Audio recording system
Rotary heads, FM system
Video signal
Audio output
Phono jack, 327 mV, (at load
impedance 47 kΩ), impedance
less than 2.2 kΩ
RFU DC OUT
NTSC color, EIA standards
Special minijack, DC 5 V
LANC jack
Stereo-mini-mini-jack (ø 2.5
mm)
MIC jack
Stereo minijack
0.388 mV, low impedance with
2.5 to 3 V DC, output
impedance 6.8 kΩ (ø 3.5 mm)
Usable cassette
8 mm video format cassette
(standard 8 mm)
Recording/Playback time
SP mode: 2 hours (P6-120)
LP mode: 4 hours (P6-120)
Fastforw ard/rew ind time
Approx. 5 min. (P6-120)
Image device
Approx. 2 lb 1 oz (960 g)
Video light XB-3D
3W, 6V
Microphone
Electret condenser
microphone, Stereo type
Supplied accessories
See page 5.
CCD (Charge Coupled Device)
View finder
General
Pow er requirements
On battery mounting surface
6.0 V (battery pack), 7.5 V (AC
power adaptor)
Electronic viewfinder,
CCD-TR78/ TR88:
Black and white
CCD-TR98: Color
Average pow er consumption
When the built-in light is off
CCD-TR78 : 3.8 W
Lens
12 x (optical), 24 x (digital),
Combined power zoom lens,
F1.8 – 2.7
CCD-TR88 : 4.1 W
Focal distance
7⁄32 – 2 5⁄8 inches (5.4 – 64.8
mm)
CCD-TR98 : 4.2 W
When the built-in light is on
CCD-TR78 : 6.8 W
9/ 32-31/ 8 inches (6.5– 78 mm)
when recording (CCD-TR88/
TR98 only)
CCD-TR88 : 7.1 W
CCD-TR98 : 7.2 W
Operating temperature
32°F to 104°F (0°C to 40°C)
Storage temperature
–4°F to +140°F (–20°C to
+60°C)
When converted to a 35 mm
still camera
1 9⁄16 – 18 1⁄2 inches (39 – 468
mm)
1 7⁄8 – 22 1⁄4 inches (47 – 564
mm) when recording (CCD-
TR88/ TR98 only)
Dimensions (w /h/d)
CCD-TR78/ TR88 :
Approx. 4 5/ 8 x 4 1/ 8 x 8 1/ 4
inches
Color temperature
(115 x 103 x 207 mm)
Auto
5
CCD-TR98 : Approx. 4 / 8 x
Minimum illumination
CCD-TR78: 0.8 lx at F 1.8
CCD-TR88/ TR98: 3.0 lx at F 1.8
Illumination range
CCD-TR78: 0.8 to 100,000 lx
CCD-TR88/ TR98: 3.0 to
100,000 lx
1
4 / 8 x 7 7/ 8 inches
(115 x 103 x 200 mm)
Recommended illumination
More than 100 lx
46
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
AC p o w e r a d a p t o r
Pow er requirements
110 – 240 V AC, 50/ 60Hz
Pow er consumption
AC-V15 : 18W
AC-V16: 20 W
AC-V16A: 22 W
Output voltage
DC OUT in operation mode
AC-V15 : 7.5V, 1.6A
AC-V16/ V16A: 7.5 V, 1.8 A
Battery charge terminal
10 V, 1.1 A in charge mode
Applicable battery
Sony battery pack
Ni-Cd type (6V) :
NP-33 (800 mAh) (supplied),
NP-60D (1350 mAh), NP-C65
(1500 mAh), NP-66 (1400 mAh),
NP-66H/ 68 (1800 mAh), NP-
80/ 80D (2700 mAh), NP-98/
98D (3000 mAh)
Operating temperature
32°F to 104°F (0°C to 40°C)
Storage temperature
–4°F to +140°F (–20°C to
+60°C)
Dimensions
Approx. 6 5/ 8 x 1 11/ 16 x 3
inches (166 x 43 x 75 mm) (w/
h/ d)
including projecting parts and
controls
Mass
AC-V15/ V16: Approx. 15 oz
(420 g)
AC-V16A: Approx. 16 oz (450
g)
Design and specifications are
subject to change without
notice.
47
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Id e n t ifyin g t h e Pa rt s
1 POWER sw itch (p. 10, 17)
2 TIME(NEXT) button (p. 21, 33)
3 DATE(+) button (p. 21, 33)
4 COUNTER RESET button (p. 12)
5 TITLE button (p. 27)
8 View finder lens adjustment lever (p. 11)
CCD-TR98 only
9 Battery mounting surface (p. 8)
0 LANC l control jack
Connect the LANC l connecting cable to a
wired remote control unit such as an editing
controller. In this case, set the
COMMANDER mode to OFF (p. 29). l
stands for Local Application Control Bus
sytem. The l control jack is used for
controlling the tape transport of video
equipment and peripherals connected to it.
This jack has the same function as the
connectors indicated as CONTROL L or
REMOTE.
6 STEADY SHOT mode sw itch (p. 28)
CCD-TR88/ TR98 only
7 Eyecup (p. 14)
!¡ 2 (headphones) jack (p. 17)
!™ BATT (battery) release knob (p. 8)
48
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
CCD-TR88
!£ Pow er zoom lever (p. 13)
@¡ Cassette compartment (p. 9)
@™ RFU DC OUT (RFU adaptor DC out) jack
@£ VIDEO/AUDIO jacks (p. 16)
@¢ Built-in light unit release hole (p. 23)
@∞ LIGHT sw itch (p. 22)
!¢ EJECT knob (p. 9)
!∞ View finder adjustment ring (p. 11)
CCD-TR78/ TR88 only
!§ Eyecup release knob (p. 40)
CCD-TR78/ TR88 only
@§ Jack cover
!¶ Hooks for shoulder strap (p. 51)
!• START/STOP button (p. 10)
!ª STANDBY sw itch (p. 10)
@º Grip strap (p. 14)
@¶ MIC (microphone) jack
Connect an optional external microphone.
This jack also accepts a “plug-in-power”
microphone.
@• Tripod receptacle (p. 14)
Attach a tripod (not supplied) here.
49
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Id e n t ifyin g t h e Pa rt s
@ª Tape transport buttons (p. 17, 18)
p STOP
#§ DEW lamp (p.38)
#¶ Lighting aperture
0 REW (rewind)
( PLAY (playback)
) FF (fast forward)
P PAUSE
CCD-TR98 only
#• View finder (p. 11)
These buttons will function in PLAYER
mode.
#ª BACK LIGHT button (p. 25)
$º PROGRAM AE dial (p. 24)
#º EDITSEARCH button (p. 15)
#¡ Built-in light (p. 22)
#™ Lens cover
$¡ START/STOP MODE sw itch (p. 10, 11, 26)
$™ Mode sw itches (p. 29)
$£ Lithium battery compartment (p. 32)
#£ Built-in microphone
#¢ Remote sensor (p. 53)
#∞ Camera recording/battery lamp
50
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Attaching the shoulder strap
Attach the supplied shoulder strap to the hooks for the shoulder strap (!¶ on page 49).
1
2
3
Re m o t e Co m m a n d e r
The buttons that have the same name on the Remote Commander and on the camcorder function
identically.
T
W
1 Transmitter
4 START/STOP button
Point toward the remote sensor to control
the camcorder after turning on the POWER
switch on the camcorder.
5 Pow er zoom button
The zooming speed is unchangeable on the
Remote Commander.
2 Tape transport buttons (p. 17, 18)
3 Size AA (R6) battery holder (p. 52)
51
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Id e n t ifyin g t h e Pa rt s
Pre p a rin g t h e Re m o t e Co m m a n d e r
To use the Remote Commander, you must insert two size AA (R6) batteries. Use the supplied size
AA (R6) batteries.
(1) Remove the battery cover from the Remote Commander.
Id e n t ifyin g t h e Pa rt s
(2) Insert both of the size AA (R6) batteries with correct polarity.
(3) Put the battery cover back onto the Remote Commander.
1
2
3
Note on battery life
The batteries for the Remote Commander last about 6 months under normal operation. When the
batteries become weak or dead, the Remote Commander does not work.
To avoid damage from possible battery leakage
Remove the batteries when you will not use the Remote Commander for a long time.
Usin g t h e Re m o t e Co m m a n d e r
Make sure that the COMMANDER mode is set to ON (p. 29).
52
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Re m o t e Co n t ro l Dire ct io n
Aim the Remote Commander to the remote sensor within the range as shown below.
16ft (5m)
Notes on the Remote Commander
• Keep the remote sensor away from strong light sources such as direct sunlight or illumination.
Otherwise, the remote control may not be effective.
• Be sure that there is no obstacle between the remote sensor on the camcorder and the Remote
Commander.
• This camcorder works at commander mode VTR 2. The commander modes (1, 2, and 3) are used to
distinguish this camcorder from other Sony VCRs to avoid remote control misoperation. If you use
another Sony VCR at commander mode VTR 2, we recommend you change the commander mode
or cover the remote sensor of the VCR with black paper.
To Wa t ch t h e De m o n st ra t io n
You can watch a brief demonstration of pictures with titles.
If the demonstration appears when you turn on the camcorder for the first time, exit the Demo mode
to use your camcorder.
To enter Demo mode
(1) Eject the cassette and slide the POWER switch to OFF.
(2) Turn STANDBY up.
(3) While holding down ( PLAY, slide the POWER switch to CAMERA. Demonstration starts. The
demonstration stops when you insert the cassette.
Note that once you enter Demo mode, this mode is retained as long as the lithium battery is in place.
Therefore, demonstration starts automatically 10 minutes later every time you slide the POWER
switch to CAMERA, or after you eject the cassette.
To exit Demo mode
(1) Slide the POWER switch to OFF.
(2) Turn STANDBY up.
(3) While holding down p STOP, slide the POWER switch to CAMERA.
53
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Id e n t ifyin g t h e Pa rt s
Op e ra t io n In d ica t o rs
The indicators appear in CAMERA mode only.
LP
REC
1 Pow er zoom indicator (p. 13)
2 Backlight indicator (p. 25)
7 Tape transport mode (p. 10)
8 Tape counter (p. 12)
3 Warning indicator (p. 55)
9 AUTO DATE indicator (p. 10)
0 Remaining battery indicator (p. 34)
4 Lithium battery indicator (p. 31)
5 Recording lamp/battery lamp (p. 10)
6 Recording in LP mode (p. 10)
!¡ Date, Time or Title (p. 21, 27)
54
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
Wa rn in g In d ica t o rs
All indicators appear only when you use the camcorder in CAMERA mode.
If indicators flash in the viewfinder, or a caution lamp on the camcorder flashes, check the following:
≥:You can hear the beep sound when BEEP is set to ON (p. 29).
1
2
3
4
7
5
8
6
9
1 Battery Remaining
Slow flashing: The battery is weak.
Fast flashing: The battery is dead.
2 The tape is near the end.
3 The tape has run out.
4 No tape has been inserted.
5 The tab on the tape is out (red) (p. 9).
6 Moisture condensation has occurred (p. 38).
6 indicator appears only when the cassette is inserted.
7 The video heads may be contaminated (p. 39).
8 Some other trouble has occurred.
Disconnect the power source and contact your Sony dealer or local authorized facility.
9 The lithium battery is w eak or the lithium battery is not installed (p. 31).
This indicator flashes just only after powering on.
55
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
In d e x
A
E
Q, R
Adjusting viewfinder ........... 11
AFM HiFi stereo .................... 34
AUTO DATE .......................... 10
Editing ..................................... 30
EDITSEARCH ........................ 15
EJECT ........................................ 9
REC MODE ............................ 29
Rec. Review ............................ 15
Remote control jack (LANC) ... 48
Rewind .................................... 17
B
F, G, H
BACK LIGHT ......................... 25
Battery pack ............................. 6
BEEP .................................. 12, 29
Built-in light ........................... 22
Fast-forward ........................... 17
5 sec. recording ...................... 26
High-speed shutter mode .... 24
House current ........................19
S
Shoulder strap ....................... 51
Sports mode ........................... 24
STANDBY............................... 10
Standby mode ........................ 10
STEADY SHOT ...................... 28
Supplied accessories ............... 5
C
I, J, K, L
Camera recording ................. 10
Car battery .............................. 21
Charging battery ..................... 6
Cleaning video heads ........... 39
Connection ............................. 16
COUNTER RESET ................ 12
LANC ...................................... 48
Light ........................................ 22
Lithium battery ...................... 31
T, U, V, W, X, Y
Tape counter .......................... 12
Title .......................................... 27
Tripod mounting ................... 14
Trouble check ......................... 43
Twilight mode ....................... 24
M, N, O, P
MIC (microphone) jack ........ 49
Playback on TV ...................... 17
Playback pause ...................... 18
Power sources ........................ 19
Power zoom ........................... 13
PROGRAM AE ...................... 24
D
DATE/ TIME .......................... 21
DEMO ..................................... 53
Digital zoom ........................... 13
Z
Zoom ....................................... 13
Sony Corporation Printed in Japan
CCD-TR78/ TR88/ TR98 3-810-917-13.E
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