Manual
SmartStarTM-G Series
Refractor, Newtonian and
Maksutov-Cassegrain Telescopes
www . iOptron . com
1
CONTENTS
Chapter. 0 Quick Start Reference
0.1 Assembly
TIP:
0.2 GoToNovaTM Features
For beginner users
without a lot of
0.3 Getting Started
Chapter. 1 Set Up And Align
knowledge in astronomy
please refer to the Quick
Start Reference. It
contains enough
information to get you
started so you can enjoy
the night sky without
knowing all the jargon
and math.
1.1 Basic Symbols
1.2 Set Up
1.3 Align
Chapter. 2 Select And Slew
2.1 Planets, sun, moon
2.2 Deep Sky Objects
2.3 Comets
2.4 Asteroids
2.5 Stars
2.6 User Objects
2.7 Enter Position
2.8 Land Marks
2.9 Watch List
Chapter. 3 Other Functions
3.1 Sync To Target
3.2 Electronic Focuser
3.3 PEC option
3.4 Set up tracking
3.5 User objects
3.6 Auto guide
3.7 Park scope
3.8 To park position
Chapter. 4 How to Observe
4.1 Observe manually
4.2 Observe using arrow keys
4.3 the Moon
4.4 Tracking
Appendix
A. Menu Structure
B. Messier Catalog
C. Modern Constellations
D. Celestial Coordinates
E. Specifications
F. Products List
G. Alignment Stars
3
For beginner users without a lot of knowledge in
astronomy please refer to the Quick Start Menu. It
contains enough information to get you started so
you can enjoy the night sky without knowing all the
jargon and math.
For more serious users we assume that you know
some astronomy basics in reading this manual.
Please refer to Appendix A for a more detailed
menu structure.
TIP:
Learn some astronomy
basics
4
Chapter 0 Quick Start Reference
0.1 Assembly
NOTE:
Make sure that your
telescope is not too
heavy for your mount
1. Telescope tube
2. Dovetail lock
3. Hand held controller
4. Altitude lock
FIG. 1
1. Unpack the package, take out all the parts.
2. Set up the tripod(6).
3. Put the mount(5) on the top of tripod(6), hold the
mount with one hand, put the supporting rod(7)
through the hole on the top of tripod with the other
hand, screw and tighten the mount on the top of
tripod(6).
4. Tighten the telescope tube(1) on the dovetail with lock
(2), point the tube upward vertically and tighten the
altitude lock (4).
5
TIP:
Alt-Az mode is easier to
set up, and easier to
operate. Adjust the
tripod and the mount,
check the bubble on the
mount, make sure it is
horizontal.
5. Mount
6. Tripod
7. Inner support
8. Tray
9. Tray lock
NOTE:
A-series can also work
in equatorial mode
FIG.2
TIP:
5. Fit the tray (8) to the lower end of the rod (7), also fit
the three indents to the three legs of tripod, tighten
the tray lock (9). To avoid any damage to the tray or
tripod, please do not use excessive strength.
If you are not using the
AC adaptor, you need
eight AA batteries.
6. Open the cover of battery box on the side of the
mount (below dovetail), install 8 AA batteries (not
included) appropriately. If you are using 12V AC
adapter, plug the connector to the socket on the other
side of the mount (below altitude lock). Connect hand
controller(3) and mount(5) with retractable cable
(provided). You can pick any one of the two sockets
below altitude lock to plug in.
7. Always adjust the tripod to center the bubble in the
circle on the mount. It is important that the tripod stay
horizontal.
6
0.2 GoToNovaTM Features: (8402)
LCD Display
Menu
Left
Back
Up
Right
Down
Speed
Enter
Help
Light
FIG.3
7
The 8402 GoToNovaTM hand held controller controls
SmartStarTM G series telescopes. Its user interface is simple
and easy-to-learn, it can automatically move to any of the
50,000 objects stored in the database with the push of a
button.
LCD Display: 8-line big screen, it displays all the information
Back Key: Moves back to the previous screen.
Menu Key: Gets to the Main Menu.
Enter Key: Confirms an input, goes to the next menu, selects
a choice, slews the telescope to a selected object.
Arrow Keys: Moves the cursor, adjusts numerical values,
moves the telescope in a specific direction.
Speed Key: Adjusts the speed.
Light Key: Adjusts the light.
Help Key: For help.
Useful Links
Sky and Telescope
Astronomy
The Hubble Site
8
0.3 Getting Started
For most beginner users who may not need a lot of
astronomical detail this chapter gives just enough information
to set up the controller. After the easy-to-follow setup you will
be ready to point your telescope to wherever you want in the
night sky.
After assembling the telescope [Refer to our Assembling
Chart], you need to level the mount. This is done by centering
the bubble in the circle on the mount. Turn on the power
button located on the mount. You will see the iOptron logo
displayed for a few seconds. Then you will see the zero
position screen. By default, it works in Alt-Az mode:
TIP:
GPS module makes life a
lot easier, it
automatically sets the
time and location for
you.
TR.A. 1h36m 2s
TDEC 90°0’ 0”
R.A.
19h52m 5s
DEC 47°31’16”
64X
Lgst
Alt.
7h52m38s
0°0’ 0”
Stop
Azi.
0°0’ 0”
2007-07-10 14:25:23
N
When the power is turned on, you will see “G_ON” (GPS
turned on) on the upper right corner of the screen. In about a
minute, after the internal GPS communicate with the
satellites, you will see “G_OK” on the screen, both time and
location are automatically set.
Press MENU button, then you will see this screen:
Select and slew
Sync. To target
Electric Focuser
Set up GOTONOVA
Align
PEC option
Set up tracking
User objects
Auto guide
Park scope
To park position
TIP:
The controller
automatically skips
those stars below the
horizon of your current
time and location.
From the main menu, select “Align”. The system provides
“one-star align” and “two-star align”.
Select “one-star align”. You will see this screen:
Alphard
A 39°43.3′ Z 221°20.0′
Center the target then
press “ENTER”
2X
Use “UP” and “DOWN” arrow buttons to select a star and
press ENTER. Use SPEED button to select a speed, and use
arrow buttons to center the star in your telescope. Press
ENTER when finished. Now your GoToNovaTM is ready to
9
direct you to any location in the night sky (provided that the
object is in the database and above the horizon). Simply
choose any object in the menu and press ENTER. Although
not required, we strongly suggest that you double check your
initial alignment with additional bright objects in the night sky,
For example, in the menu, select “Venus” (if it is indeed in the
sky) and press ENTER. When the motor stops check to see if
Venus is in the center of your eye piece. If your previous
steps were correct, it should be. You may need to make some
minor adjustments to center the object. Otherwise, use “two-
star align”.
TIP:
Spend some time
familiarizing yourself
with these bright stars in
the night sky
What’s Next?
Most beginner users are now ready to explore the night sky
without needing to refer to the manual any further. The
function you will need most is “Select and slew” in the main
menu. From there you can select and explore planets, stars,
galaxies, nebulae, comets, asteroids, etc.-- virtually all of the
most common celestial objects are included.
10
Chapter.1 Set Up And Alignment
1.0 Basic Symbols
R
D
A
Right ascension
Declination
Altitude
Z
Azimuth
Cele
Sola
Moon
Land
nnX
Sidereal speed
Solar speed
Lunar speed
Land mode
Appendix:
Slewing speed
Check Appendix D for a
brief introduction of
celestial coordinate
systems
1.1 Set Up
By default, the mount works in Alt-az mode. Turn on the
power button located on the mount. You will see the iOptron
logo screen. Then you will see the zero position screen:
TR.A. 1h36m 2s
TDEC 90°0’ 0”
R.A.
19h52m 5s
DEC 47°31’16”
64X
Lgst
Alt.
7h52m38s
0°0’ 0”
Stop
Azi.
0°0’ 0”
2007-07-10 14:25:23
N
When the power is turned on you will see “G_ON” (GPS
turned on) in the upper right corner of the screen. In about a
minute, after the internal GPS communicate with the
satellites, you will see “G_OK” on the screen. Both time and
location are automatically set. Setup is finished in Alt-az
mode.
The mount can also work in equatorial mode. Tilt the mount to
the appropriate angle and point it to the polar star. Go to “Set
up GotoNova”, select “Set Mount Type”, and select Equatorial
mode.
1.2 Align
1.2.1 One-Star Align
From the main menu, select “Align”. The system provides for
“one-star align” and “two-star align”.
Select “one-star align”. You will see this screen:
11
Alphard
A 39°43.3′ Z 221°20.0′
Center the target then
press “ENTER”
2X
Use “UP” and “DOWN” arrow buttons to select a star and
press ENTER. Use SPEED button to select a speed, and use
arrow buttons to center the star in your telescope. Press
ENTER when finished.
1.2.2 Two-Star Align
If your mount is not horizontal one-star align is usually not
accurate enough. You will need to do two-star align. Select
“Two-star align” from the previous menu. Select one bright
star from the menu. Use the arrow buttons to center it in the
telescope and press ENTER. Select a second bright star and
use the arrow keys to center the second star. Press ENTER.
Two-star align is finished.
12
Chapter. 2 Select And Slew
After you have finished the set up and align steps in chapter 1
go to the main menu. Select “Select and slew.” Now you can
select any celestial objects in the database and GoToNovaTM
will take you there—whether it is a star, a planet, an asteroid,
a comet or a galaxy.
Check astronomy books and magazines such as “Sky and
Telescope.” Familiarize yourself with the names in the night
sky. Use the arrow buttons to move your cursor and press
ENTER to select an object.
Appendix:
Check Appendix B and
Appendix C for names of
galaxies and
2.1 Planets, sun, moon
This menu includes the Sun, the Moon, Mercury, Venus,
Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
constellations
WARNING: NEVER LOOK DIRECTLY AT THE SUN WITH
THE NAKED EYES OR WITH A TELESCOPE (UNLESS
YOU HAVE THE PROPER SOLAR FILTER). PERMANENT
AND IRREVERSIBLE EYE DAMAGE MAY RESULT.
2.2 Deep Sky Objects
This menu includes objects outside our Solar system such as
galaxies, star clusters, quasars, nebulae, etc.
2.2.1 Named Deep Sky Objects
This menu contains 60 named deep sky objects. If you know
the names of the objects you can use this menu.
WARNING:
NEVER LOOK DIRECTLY
AT THE SUN WITH THE
NAKED EYES OR WITH
A TELESCOPE(UNLESS
YOU HAVE THE
2.2.2 Messier Catalogue
Contains 110 objects from the Messier catalogue.
2.3 Comets
Contains up to 256 comets.
PROPER SOLAR
FILTER). PERMANENT
AND IRREVERSIBLE
EYE DAMAGE MAY
RESULT.
2.4 Asteroids
Contains up to 4096 asteroids.
2.5 Stars
2.5.1 Named Stars
Contains 191 stars.
2.5.2 Constellations
Contains 88 constellations.
2.5.3 Double Stars
Contains 40 double stars.
TIP:
2.5.4 SAO Bright Stars
Contains up to 26,584 SAO bright stars.
You can define and save
new celestial objects in
the database.
2.6 Constellations
13
2.7 User Objects
User defined objects, user can define up to 128 objects
2.8 Enter R.A. DEC.
In Equatorial mode the user can target a location by
specifying its RA (Right Ascension) and DEC (Declination).
Use the arrow buttons to move the cursor and adjust the
values. Press ENTER.
TIP:
By specifying R.A. and
DEC numbers (or A and
Z ) , you can point your
telescope to anywhere
on the celestial sphere.
In Altazimuth mode the user can target a location by
specifying its A (Altitude) and Z (Azimuth). Use the arrow
buttons to move the cursor and adjust the values. Press
ENTER.
14
Chapter. 3 Other Functions
3.1 Sync To Target
Matches the telescope's current equatorial coordinates to
Target Right Ascension and Declination.
3.2 Electric Focuser
If you have an electric focuser in your system, use this option
to adjust the focuser.
3.3 PEC option
If you telescope is equipped with Periodic Error Correction,
use this option to adjust Periodic Error Correction.
Appendix:
Check Appendix A for
complete menu
structures
3.4 Set up tracking
Set up tracking speed.
3.5 User objects
Add, edit or delete user objects.
3.6 Auto guide
If your telescope is equipped with auto guide use this option.
3.7 Park Scope
Park your telescope.
3.8 To Park position
Move your telescope to park position.
15
Chapter. 4 How to Observe
4.1 Land Objects
If you want to observe land objects, such as a mountain top or
a bird, you should use “Land” mode. Simply point the
telescope to your target and look through the eye piece. For
certain models, such as Newtonian, the image you see in the
eye piece is up-side down.
If you don’t want to turn on power and use hand controller,
then you need to loosen the telescope’s tripod base lock knob
and Altitude lock so that the telescope can move freely in both
directions. Next, use the viewfinder to locate your target.
Center the target in your eyepiece and tighten the base and
Altitude locks. Then adjust focus.
TIP:
The earth’s axis of
rotation is tipped over
about 23.5° from the
vertical.
You can also use the hand controller to observe land objects.
Turn on the power and from the main menu choose “Land
Objects”. If you already have land marks saved in your
system and you want to go to one of those land marks (this is
assuming that the tripod is not moved since you recorded
those land marks), select “GoTo Land Mark” and pick the land
mark you want to observe. If you want to record new land
marks, select “Record New Land Mark”, on the next screen,
use “SPEED” button to choose an appropriate speed, then
use arrow keys to move your telescope to your target. When
the target is centered, press “ENTER”, then give it a
name(with “UP” and “DOWN” arrows you can input alphabets,
with “LEFT” and “RIGHT” to move the cursor). Push “ENTER”
to confirm you input. Next time, you can go to this land mark
by selecting its name in the list under “GoTo Land Mark”
menu.
TIP:
People usually use alt-zi
mode to observe land
objects.
TIP:
People usually use
optics that produces
normal images (not
revered, or up-side-
down images) to
observe land objects.
If you use “Land” mode to observe celestial objects in the
night sky, you will notice that stars drift away slowly from your
eyepiece field, and you have to keep adjusting your telescope
to re-center your target. This drift is caused by the rotation of
the Earth. This drift can be countered by using the automatic
tracking feature of GoToNovaTM.
4.2 Using Arrow Keys
On our GoToNovaTM controllers, there are four arrow keys.
You can use these keys to adjust and fine tune your
telescope. To use this function, make sure you tighten both
the Altitude and base locks. Then turn on the power.
With the “User position” screen, press ENTER button to
switch between “Land” and “Cele” mode (upper right corner).
Use SPEED button to adjust the speed (lower right corner).
Use higher speed for initial adjustment. Use lower speed for
fine tuning.
Center your target in your eye piece then adjust the focus.
TIP:
User position
R：1h47.8m
A 89°58.5’
07-06-06
Land
D：32°3.3’
Z 179°11.8’
Use slower speed for
fine tuning.
08:59:20
8x
16
4.3 The Moon
The Moon, when visible in the night sky, is most likely the first
celestial object you want to watch with your new telescope. It
is also the most convenient object in the sky to test some of
the GoToNovaTM functions. You can even use the Moon to
align your telescope.
There are a lot to explore on the surface of the Moon, such as
craters, mountain ranges and fault lines, etc. During full Moon,
however, no shadows are seen on the Moon surface and it
becomes too bright for the details to be seen. The best time to
observe the Moon is during its crescent or half phase.
A neutral density Moon filter is recommended when observing
the Moon. This filter cuts down on the bright glare and
enhances contrast. You will be amazed by the dramatic
image.
TIP:
A Full Moon is not the
best time to watch the
Moon.
4.4 Tracking
The tracking function is used to counteract the rotation of the
earth. When the telescope is in tracking mode, the celestial
object will not drift away from your eye piece field. This
function is essential for astrophotography.
When you switch to “Cele” mode, the system is automatically
in tracking mode. When you switch back to “Land” mode, the
tracking stops.
A user can setup tracking in the main menu by selecting “Set
up tracking”. Then user can select “sidereal speed”, “Solar
speed”, “Lunar speed”, or user can define a speed using
“User defined speed”.
4.5 The First Night
With the convenience of SmartStarTM, star hunting is made
much easier. But this does not mean that you don’t need to
do any homework before you actually spend the night
watching the night sky, especially if you have never tried this
before.
You should play with SmartStarTM and familiarize yourself with
the components and functions during day time, check the
altitude and latitude of your location (where you are going to
use the SmartStarTM at night).
Spend sometime to study the current night sky, know what to
expect when you are out there. It will be extremely helpful if
you are able to identify some of the bright stars in the night
sky.
17
APPENDIX A
MENU STRUCTURE
MENU
Select and slew
Planets,sun,moon
Mercury
Venus
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Sum
Moon
Deep sky objects
Named deepsky objects
Messier Catalog
Comets
Asteroids
Stars
Name stars
Constellations
Double stars
SAO bright stars
User objects
Enter position
Watch list
Land Objects
Goto Land mark
Record now land mark
Add a new Land Mark
Edit one data
Sync. to target
Set up controller
Set up time and site
Set display info
Set key Beep
Reset All
Align
One star align
Two star align
User object list
RA and DEC
Comets
Asteriods
Watch list
Add a watch list
Delete one data
Delete all
Browse the list
Set telescope cord.
Park telescope
18
APPENDIX B
Messier Catalog
•
Andromeda
M31 The Andromeda Galaxy spiral galaxy (type Sb)
M32 Satellite galaxy of M31 elliptical galaxy (type E2)
M110 Satellite galaxy of M31 elliptical galaxy (type E6pec)
Aquarius
o
o
o
•
o
o
o
•
M2 globular cluster
M72 globular cluster
M73 system or asterism of 4 stars
Auriga
o
o
o
•
o
o
•
o
o
o
o
o
•
M36 open cluster
M37 open cluster
M38 open cluster
Cancer
M44 Praesepe, the Beehive Cluster open cluster
M67 open cluster
Canes Venatici
M3 globular cluster
M51 The Whirlpool Galaxy spiral galaxy
M63 Sunflower galaxy spiral galaxy
M94 spiral galaxy
M106 spiral galaxy
Canis Major
M41 open cluster
Capricornus
M30 globular cluster
Cassiopeia
o
•
o
•
o
o
•
o
•
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
•
M52 open cluster
M103 open cluster
Cetus
M77 spiral galaxy
Coma Berenices
M53 globular cluster
M64 Blackeye galaxy spiral galaxy
M85 elliptical galaxy
M88 spiral galaxy
M91 spiral galaxy
M98 spiral galaxy
M99 spiral galaxy
M100 spiral galaxy
Cygnus
o
o
•
o
•
o
•
M29 open cluster
M39 open cluster
Draco
M102 may be NGC 5866 Spindle Galaxy , a lenticular galaxy (type S0_3)
Gemini
M35 open cluster
Hercules
M13 Great Hercules Globular Cluster globular cluster
o
o
•
M92 globular cluster
Hydra
o
M48 open cluster
19
o
o
•
o
o
o
o
o
•
o
•
o
o
•
M68 globular cluster
M83 spiral galaxy
Leo
M65 spiral galaxy
M66 spiral galaxy
M95 spiral galaxy
M96 spiral galaxy
M105 elliptical galaxy
Lepus
Lyra
M79 globular cluster
M56 globular cluster
M57 The Ring Nebula planetary nebula
Monoceros
M50 open cluster
Ophiuchus
M9 globular cluster
o
•
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
•
o
o
o
•
o
•
o
o
•
M10 globular cluster
M12 globular cluster
M14 globular cluster
M19 globular cluster
M62 globular cluster
M107 globular cluster
Orion
M42 The Great Orion Nebula diffuse nebula
M43 part of the Orion Nebula (de Mairan's Nebula) diffuse nebula
M78 diffuse nebula
Pegasus
M15 globular cluster
Perseus
M34 open cluster
M76 The Little Dumbell, Cork, or Butterfly planetary nebula
Pisces
Puppis
o
•
M74 spiral galaxy
o
o
o
•
o
•
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
M46 open cluster
M47 open cluster
M93 open cluster
Sagitta
M71 globular cluster
Sagittarius
M8 The Lagoon Nebula diffuse nebula
M17 The Omega or Swan or Horseshoe Nebula diffuse nebula
M18 open cluster
M20 The Trifid Nebula diffuse nebula
M21 open cluster
M22 globular cluster
M23 open cluster
M24 Milky Way Patch star cloud with open cluster (NGC 6603)
M25 open cluster
M28 globular cluster
M54 globular cluster
M55 globular cluster
M69 globular cluster
M70 globular cluster
20
o
•
o
M75 globular cluster
Scorpius
M4 globular cluster
o
o
o
M6 The Butterfly Cluster open cluster
M7 Ptolemy's Cluster open cluster
M80 globular cluster
•
o
Scutum
M11 The Wild Duck Cluster open cluster
o
M26 open cluster
•
Serpens Caput
M5 globular cluster
Serpens Cauda
M16 open cluster associated with the Eagle Nebula (IC 4703)
o
•
o
•
o
Taurus
M1 The Crab Nebula supernova remnant
o
M45 Subaru, the Pleiades--the Seven Sisters open cluster
•
Triangulum
M33 The Triangulum Galaxy (also Pinwheel) spiral galaxy
Ursa Major
M40 Double Star Winecke 4 (WNC 4)
o
•
o
o
o
M81 Bode's Galaxy (nebula) spiral galaxy (type Sb)
M82 The Cigar Galaxy irregular galaxy
o
M97 The Owl Nebula planetary nebula
o
M101 The Pinwheel Galaxy spiral galaxy (type Sc) (M102 may be a Duplication
of M101)
o
o
M108 spiral galaxy (type Sc(s)III)
M109 spiral galaxy (type SBb(rs)I)
•
Virgo
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
•
M49 elliptical galaxy (type E1 or S0_1(1))
M58 spiral galaxy (type Sab(s)II)
M59 elliptical galaxy (type E5)
M60 elliptical galaxy (type E2 or S0_1(2))
M61 spiral galaxy (type Sc(s)I.2)
M84 elliptical or lenticular galaxy (type SB0_2/3(r)(3))
M86 elliptical galaxy (type E3 or S0_1(3))
M87 Virgo A elliptical galaxy (type E0), with Smoking Gun
M89 elliptical galaxy (type E0)
M90 spiral galaxy (type Sab(s)I-II)
M104 The Sombrero Galaxy spiral galaxy (type Sa+/Sb-)
Vulpecula
o
M27 The Dumbbell Nebula planetary nebula
21
APPENDIX C
Modern Constellations
constellation abbreviation
genitive
Andromedae
Antliae
origin
Andromeda
Antlia
And
Ant
ancient (Ptolemy)
1763, Lacaille
1603, Uranometria, created by Keyser and de
Apus
Aps
Apodis
Houtman
Aquarius
Aquila
Aqr
Aql
Aquarii
Aquilae
Arae
ancient (Ptolemy)
ancient (Ptolemy)
ancient (Ptolemy)
ancient (Ptolemy)
ancient (Ptolemy)
ancient (Ptolemy)
1763, Lacaille
Ara
Ara
Ari
Aries
Arietis
Auriga
Aur
Boo
Cae
Cam
Cnc
Aurigae
Boötis
Boötes
Caelum
Camelopardalis
Cancer
Caeli
Camelopardalis
Cancri
1624, Bartsch[2]
ancient (Ptolemy)
Canum
Venaticorum
Canes Venatici
Canis Major
CVn
CMa
1690, Firmamentum Sobiescianum, Hevelius
Canis Majoris
ancient (Ptolemy)
22
Canis Minor
Capricornus
Carina
CMi
Cap
Car
Cas
Cen
Cep
Cet
Canis Minoris
Capricorni
Carinae
ancient (Ptolemy)
ancient (Ptolemy)
1763, Lacaille, split from Argo Navis
ancient (Ptolemy)
Cassiopeia
Centaurus
Cepheus
Cetus
Cassiopeiae
Centauri
Cephei
ancient (Ptolemy)
ancient (Ptolemy)
Ceti
ancient (Ptolemy)
1603, Uranometria, created by Keyser and de
Chamaeleon
Cha
Chamaeleontis
Houtman
Circinus
Columba
Cir
Col
Circini
1763, Lacaille
Columbae
1679, Royer, split from Canis Major
1603, Uranometria, split from Leo
Coma Berenices
Com
Comae Berenices
Corona
CrA
Coronae Australis
ancient (Ptolemy)
Australis[3]
Corona Borealis
Corvus
CrB
Crv
Crt
Coronae Borealis
Corvi
ancient (Ptolemy)
ancient (Ptolemy)
Crater
Crateris
ancient (Ptolemy)
Crux
Cru
Crucis
1603, Uranometria, split from Centaurus
23
Cygnus
Cyg
Del
Cygni
ancient (Ptolemy)
Delphinus
Delphini
ancient (Ptolemy)
1603, Uranometria, created by Keyser and de
Dorado
Dor
Doradus
Houtman
Draco
Equuleus
Eridanus
Fornax
Dra
Equ
Eri
Draconis
Equulei
ancient (Ptolemy)
ancient (Ptolemy)
ancient (Ptolemy)
1763, Lacaille
Eridani
For
Fornacis
Geminorum
Gemini
Gem
ancient (Ptolemy)
1603, Uranometria, created by Keyser and de
Grus
Gru
Gruis
Houtman
Hercules
Horologium
Hydra
Her
Hor
Hya
Herculis
Horologii
Hydrae
ancient (Ptolemy)
1763, Lacaille
ancient (Ptolemy)
1603, Uranometria, created by Keyser and de
Hydrus
Indus
Hyi
Ind
Hydri
Indi
Houtman
1603, Uranometria, created by Keyser and de
Houtman
Lacerta
Leo
Lac
Leo
Lacertae
Leonis
1690, Firmamentum Sobiescianum, Hevelius
ancient (Ptolemy)
24
Leo Minor
Lepus
LMi
Lep
Lib
Leonis Minoris
Leporis
1690, Firmamentum Sobiescianum, Hevelius
ancient (Ptolemy)
Libra
Librae
ancient (Ptolemy)
Lupus
Lup
Lyn
Lyr
Lupi
ancient (Ptolemy)
Lynx
Lyncis
1690, Firmamentum Sobiescianum, Hevelius
ancient (Ptolemy)
Lyra
Lyrae
Mensa
Men
Mic
Mon
Mensae
Microscopii
Monocerotis
1763, Lacaille
Microscopium
Monoceros
1763, Lacaille
1624, Bartsch
1603, Uranometria, created by Keyser and de
Musca
Mus
Muscae
Houtman
Norma
Octans
Nor
Oct
Oph
Ori
Normae
Octantis
Ophiuchi
Orionis
1763, Lacaille
1763, Lacaille
Ophiuchus
Orion
ancient (Ptolemy)
ancient (Ptolemy)
1603, Uranometria, created by Keyser and de
Pavo
Pav
Peg
Pavonis
Pegasi
Houtman
Pegasus
ancient (Ptolemy)
25
Perseus
Phoenix
Per
Persei
ancient (Ptolemy)
1603, Uranometria, created by Keyser and de
Phe
Phoenicis
Houtman
Pictor
Pisces
Pic
Psc
PsA
Pup
Pyx
Ret
Sge
Sgr
Sco
Scl
Pictoris
Piscium
Piscis Austrini
Puppis
1763, Lacaille
ancient (Ptolemy)
Piscis Austrinus
Puppis
ancient (Ptolemy)
1763, Lacaille, split from Argo Navis
1763, Lacaille
Pyxis
Pyxidis
Reticulum
Sagitta
Reticuli
1763, Lacaille
Sagittae
Sagittarii
Scorpii
ancient (Ptolemy)
Sagittarius
Scorpius
Sculptor
Scutum
ancient (Ptolemy)
ancient (Ptolemy)
Sculptoris
Scuti
1763, Lacaille
Sct
1690, Firmamentum Sobiescianum, Hevelius
ancient (Ptolemy)
Serpens[4]
Sextans
Ser
Sex
Tau
Tel
Serpentis
Sextantis
Tauri
1690, Firmamentum Sobiescianum, Hevelius
ancient (Ptolemy)
Taurus
Telescopium
Telescopii
1763, Lacaille
26
Triangulum
Tri
Trianguli
ancient (Ptolemy)
Triangulum
Australe
1603 Uranometria, created by Keyser and de
TrA
Trianguli Australis
Houtman
1603 Uranometria, created by Keyser and de
Tucana
Tuc
Tucanae
Houtman
Ursa Major
Ursa Minor
Vela
UMa
UMi
Vel
Ursae Majoris
Ursae Minoris
Velorum
ancient (Ptolemy)
ancient (Ptolemy)
1763, Lacaille, split from Argo Navis
ancient (Ptolemy)
Virgo
Vir
Virginis
1603, Uranometria, created by Keyser and de
Volans
Vol
Vul
Volantis
Houtman
Vulpecula
Vulpeculae
1690, Firmamentum Sobiescianum, Hevelius
27
APPENDIX D
Celestial Coordinates
Celestial
North Pole
Zenith
Median of the location
East
Altitude
North
South
Azimuth
Observer’s horizon
West
Celestial
South Pole
Nadir
FIG.D1
28
Celestial
North Pole
Zenith
median of
location
δ, declination
t, hour angle
M, midpoint
South
East
North
Observer’s horizon
West
Celestial Equator
Celestial
South Pole
Nadir
FIG.D2
29
Celestial
North Pole
Zenith
median of
location
δ, declination
α, right
ascension
Celestial
Equator
East
North
South
Observer’s horizon
West
γ
gamma point
Celestial
South Pole
Nadir
FIG. D3
30
To understand the celestial coordinate systems there are
several concepts that should be clarified.
The Celestial sphere is an imaginary sphere of infinite radius
concentric with the earth on which all celestial bodies are
assumed to be projected. Celestial coordinates are used to
define a point on the celestial sphere. A great circle, a.k.a.,
orthodrome, is the intersection of a sphere and a plane
through its center. For the celestial sphere, a great circle is
the intersection of a plane through the observer (on the earth)
and the celestial sphere. Celestial pole is either of the two
points of intersection of the celestial sphere and the extended
axis of the earth. There are two celestial poles--the north
celestial pole and the south celestial pole. The Zenith is
the point of the celestial sphere vertically overhead. The
Nadir is the point on the celestial sphere vertically below the
observer, or 180 degrees from the zenith. A horizon is a
great circle on the celestial sphere midway between the
zenith and nadir. Celestial meridian is a great circle of the
celestial sphere through the celestial poles and the zenith.
Celestial equator is the intersection of the extended plane of
the equator and the celestial sphere. It is the primary great
circle of the celestial sphere in the equatorial system,
everywhere 90-degree from the celestial poles.
TIP:
Celestial sphere is an
imaginary sphere of
infinite radius.
We will talk about two different kinds of celestial coordinate
systems. One is the altazimuth system. And the other is the
equatorial system. The major difference between them is the
referencing great circle. In altazimuth it is the celestial
horizon, while in equatorial it is the celestial equator.
To define a position on the celestial sphere, we need two
angles. In the altazimuth system (FIG. D1) these two angles
are altitude (A) and azimuth (Z). Imagine a vertical plane
perpendicular to the observer’s horizon that passes through
the observer and the star. The intersection of the vertical
plane and the observer’s plane of horizon defines the
azimuth. It is measured from the south (or the north) to the
intersection (in the direction of motion of the star, in degrees,
0°~360°). In GoToNovaTM azimuth is measured from the north.
On the vertical plane, altitude is measured from the
intersection to the direction of the star (also in degrees, -
90°~90°).
NOTE:
In the equatorial system (FIG. D2 and D3), hour angle (t) is
measured on the equator from the point of intersection of the
celestial equator and the local meridian in the direction of
motion of the star. The value of hour angle is measured in
hours, minutes and seconds instead of degrees.
You need two numbers
to define a position on
the celestial sphere.
31
Since the celestial sphere completes a full rotation in 24 hours,
it follows that: 24 h = 360°, 1 h = 15°, 1 min = 15’, and 1 sec =
15”. The declination (δ, DEC, or D) is measured along the
hour circle (perpendicular to the equator, passing through the
celestial poles) passing through the star from the point it
intersects the equator, it is in degrees. The right ascension
(α, RA or R) is measured on the equator from the gamma
point in the direction opposite to the direction of the motion of
the star. It is in hours, minutes and seconds. Gamma point is
the intersection of the hour circle and the celestial equator.
TIP:
Don’t be intimidated by
the geometry. Hands-on
experience will help you
understand the concepts
better.
32
Appendix E
SPECIFICATIONS
A-Series Specifications
LCD Display…………………………8-line
Mount….…………………………….The Cube
Alignment……………………………Altazimuth/Equatorial
GPS………………………………….32-channel GPS included
CPU………………………………….32 bit
USB Port…………………………….Yes
RS232 Port………………………….Yes
Slewing Speeds…………………….9-Speed (1x, 2x, 8x, 16x, 64x,
128x, 256x, 512x, MAX)
Tripod………………………………..Stainless Steel(6.0 lbs)
Batteries(User-Supplied)…………..8 x AA
GoToNovaTM Version………………8402
Objects in database………………..50000+
Weight……………………………….4.0lbs
A-R80
Optical Design………………………Refractor
Clear Aperture………………………80mm
Focal Length………………………...400mm
Focal Ratio…………………………..f/5
Resolving Power……………………1.4 arc secs
Finder……………………….………..5x24
Weight………………………………..2.2lbs
A-N114
Optical Design………………………Reflector
Clear Aperture………………………114mm
Focal Length………………………...1000mm
Focal Ratio…………………………..f/8.8
Resolving Power……………………1 arc secs
Finder……………………….………..Red dot
Weight………………………………..6lbs
A-MC90
Optical Design………………………Maksutov-Cassegrain
Clear Aperture………………………90mm
Focal Length………………………...1200mm
Focal Ratio…………………………..f/13.3
Resolving Power……………………1.3 arc secs
Finder……………………….………..red dot
Weight………………………………..4.4lbs
A-MC100
Optical Design………………………Maksutov-Cassegrain
Clear Aperture………………………109mm
Focal Length………………………...1400mm
Focal Ratio…………………………..f/14
Resolving Power……………………1.2 arc secs
Finder…………………….…………..red dot
Weight………………………………..4.5lbs
33
Appendix F
Products List
Item # Product
Product Description
Components
SmartStarTM-E Series
#8500 SmartStarTM-E GOTO Mount AltAzi Mount,
#1403, #1501
#8500, #8701
#8500, #8732
#8500, #8740
.
#8502 SmartStarTM-E-R80
#8503 SmartStarTM-E-N114
Automatic Refractor GOTO Telescope
Automatic Newtonian GOTO Telescope
#8504 SmartStarTM-E-MC90 Automatic Maksutov GOTO Telescope
#8501 1"Stainless Steel Tripod For SmartStarTM-E 26
SmartStarTM-A Series
#8600 SmartStarTM-A
Fully Automatic AltAzi/EQ
GOTO Mount with GPS
Fully Automatic Refractor GOTO Telescope
Fully Automatic Newtonian GOTO Telescope
#8411, #8402,
#8601
#8600, #8701
#8600, #8734
#8602 SmartStarTM-A-R80
#8603 SmartStarTM-A-N114
#8604 SmartStarTM-A-MC90 Fully Automatic Maksutov-Cassegrain
GOTO Telescope
#8600, #8740
#8600, #8741
#8605 SmartStarTM-A-MC100 Fully Automatic Maksutov-Cassegrain
GOTO Telescope
#8601
1" AltAzi/EQ Stainless Steel Tripod
For SmartStarTM-A
#8606 1.5kg Counter Weight
#8419 SmartStarTM-PR
.
#8400, #8413,
#8414
#8401
Dual-Axis Motor
GOTO Equatorial Mount
#8400 GOTONovaTM
Dual-Axis Motor Kit
For EQ、CG5、GPD、LX75 Mounts
GOTONovaTM Controllers
#8401 GOTONovaTM Controller AltAzi/EQ Controller with 130,000 objects in database
#8402 GOTONovaTM Controller AltAzi/EQ Controller with 50,000 objects in database
#8403 GOTONovaTM Controller AltAzi/EQ Controller with 5,000 objects in database
(for SmartStarTM-E)
Accessories
#8411 GPS Module
Compatible with all GOTONovaTM Models
#8412 Electronic Focuser Module
#8413 2" Stainless Steel tripod For EQ、CG5、GPD、LX75 Mounts
#8414 EQ5 Equatorial Mount
#8415 Controller Cable
#8416 USB Cable
#8417 AC Adaptor
#8418 12V Car Recharger
and Cable
Compatible with all GOTONovaTM Models
For #8401, #8402 Controllers
Compatible with all GOTONovaTM Models
34
Appendix G
Alignment Stars
Stars for Alignment (iOptron SmartStar, GoToNova)
StarName
Achernar
Acrux
Al Na'ir
Albireo
Aldebaran
Alphard
Alphecca
Alpheratz
Altair
Constellation RA
DEC
Additional Information
Eri
1.6285685
12.443056
22.136944
19.511944
4.598611
9.459790
15.578056
0.139444
19.846111
16.489722
14.260833
5.919519
6.399167
5.277778
20.690000
11.817500
0.726111
11.061667
22.960833
2.119444
23.078889
-57.2367575
-63.098611
-46.960833
27.959167
16.508889
-8.658602
26.714444
29.090278
8.868333
TYC 8478-1395-1 PPM 331199 SAO 232481 HD 10144 CPD -57 00334
TYC 8979-3464-1 PPM 359410 SAO 251904 HD 108248 CPD -62 02745
TYC 8438-1959-1 PPM 327928 SAO 230992 HD 209952 CPD -47 09830
TYC 2133-2964-1 PPM 109139 SAO 87301 HD 183912 BD +27 3410
TYC 1266-1416-1 PPM 120061 SAO 94027 HD 29139 BD +16 0629
TYC 5460-1592-1 PPM 192393 SAO 136871 HD 81797 BD -8 2680
TYC 2029-1690-1 PPM 104146 SAO 83893 HD 139006 BD +27 2512
TYC 1735-3180-1 PPM 89441 SAO 73765 HD 358 BD +28 0004
TYC 1058-3399-1 PPM 168779 SAO 125122 HD 187642 BD +8 4236
TYC 6803-2158-1 PPM 265579 SAO 184415 HD 148478 CD -26 11359 CPD -26 05648
TYC 1472-1436-1 PPM 130442 SAO 100944 HD 124897 BD +19 2777
TYC 129-1873-1 PPM 149643 SAO 113271 HD 39801 BD +7 1055
TYC 8534-2277-1 PPM 335149 SAO 234480 HD 45348 CPD -52 00914
TYC 3358-3141-1 SAO 40186 HD 34029 BD +45 1077
Cru
Gru
Cyg
Tau
Hya
CoB
And
Aql
Antares
Sco
Boo
Ori
-26.431667
19.182222
7.406944
Arcturus
Betelgeuse
Canopus
Capella
Deneb
Denebola
Deneb Kaitos Cet
Dubhe
Fomalhaut
Hamal
Markab
Car
Aur
Cyg
Leo
-52.695556
45.997500
45.280000
14.571667
-17.986389
61.750556
-29.622222
23.462222
15.205000
TYC 3574-3347-1 PPM 60323 SAO 49941 HD 197345 BD +44 3541
TYC 870-988-1 PPM 128576 SAO 99809 HD 102647 BD +15 2383
TYC 5847-2333-1 PPM 209214 SAO 147420 HD 4128 BD -18 0115
TYC 4146-1274-1 PPM 17705 SAO 15384 HD 95689 BD +62 1161
TYC 6977-1267-1 PPM 274426 SAO 191524 HD 216956 CD -30 19370 CPD -30 06685
TYC 1758-2416-1 PPM 91373 SAO 75151 HD 12929 BD +22 0306
TYC 1711-2475-1 PPM 142158 SAO 108378 HD 218045 BD +14 4926
UMa
PsA
Ari
Peg
Mirfak
Mizar
Nunki
Per
3.405000
13.398333
18.920833
7.754722
7.655000
17.581944
10.139444
5.241944
14.660138
0.675000
6.752222
13.419722
9.133056
18.615556
49.861111
54.925278
-26.296667
28.025833
5.224444
TYC 3320-2808-1 PPM 46127 SAO 38787 HD 20902 BD +49 0917
TYC 3850-1385-1 PPM 34007 SAO 28737 HD 116656 BD +55 1598
TYC 6868-1829-1 PPM 269078 SAO 187448 HD 175191 CD -26 13595 CPD -26 06590
TYC 1920-2194-1 PPM 97924 SAO 79666 HD 62509 BD +28 1463
TYC 187-2184-1 SAO 115756 HD 61421 BD +5 1739
UMa
Sgr
Pollux
Gem
CMa
Oph
Leo
Ori
Procyon
Rasalhague
Regulus
Rigel
12.560000
11.967222
-8.201389
-60.833958
56.536944
-16.716111
-11.161111
-43.432222
38.783611
TYC 1000-2508-1 PPM 133563 SAO 102932 HD 159561 BD +12 3252
TYC 833-1381-1 PPM 127140 SAO 98967 HD 87901 BD +12 2149
TYC 5331-1752-1 PPM 187839 SAO 131907 HD 34085 BD -8 1063
Rigel KentaurusCen
TYC 9007-5849-1
SAO 252838 HD 128620 CPD -60 05483
Schedar
Sirius
Spica
Suhail
Vega
Cas
CMa
Vir
TYC 3663-2668-1 PPM 25578 SAO 21609 HD 3712 BD +55 0139
YC 5949-2777-1 SAO 151881 HD 48915 BD -16 1591
TYC 5547-1518-1 PPM 227262 SAO 157923 HD 116658 BD -10 3672
TYC 7689-2617-1 PPM 313999 SAO 220878 HD 78647 CD -42 04990 CPD -42 03366
YC 3105-2070-1 SAO 67174 HD 172167 BD +38 3238
Vel
Lyr
IOPTRON TWO YEAR TELESCOPE, MOUNT, AND CONTROLLER
WARRANTY
A. iOptron warrants your telescope, mount, or controller to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for two
years. iOptron will repair or replace such product or part which, upon inspection by iOptron, is found to be defective in
materials or workmanship. As a condition to the obligation of iOptron to repair or replace such product, the product must
be returned to iOptron together with proof-of-purchase satisfactory to iOptron.
B. The Proper Return Authorization Number must be obtained from iOptron in advance of return. Call iOptron at
1.866.399.4587 to receive the number to be displayed on the outside of your shipping container.
All returns must be accompanied by a written statement stating the name, address, and daytime telephone number of the
owner, together with a brief description of any claimed defects. Parts or product for which replacement is made shall
become the property of iOptron.
The customer shall be responsible for all costs of transportation and insurance, both to and from the factory of iOptron,
and shall be required to prepay such costs.
iOptron shall use reasonable efforts to repair or replace any telescope, mount, or controller covered by this warranty
within thirty days of receipt. In the event repair or replacement shall require more than thirty days, iOptron shall notify the
customer accordingly. iOptron reserves the right to replace any product which has been discontinued from its product line
with a new product of comparable value and function.
This warranty shall be void and of no force of effect in the event a covered product has been modified in design or
function, or subjected to abuse, misuse, mishandling or unauthorized repair. Further, product malfunction or deterioration
due to normal wear is not covered by this warranty.
IOPTRON DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WHETHER OF MERCHANTABILITY OF FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR USE, EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH HERE. THE SOLE OBLIGATION OF IOPTRON
UNDER THIS LIMITED WARRANTY SHALL BE TO REPAIR OR REPLACE THE COVERED PRODUCT, IN
ACCORDANCE WITH THE TERMS SET FORTH HERE. IOPTRON EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY LOST PROFITS,
GENERAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WHICH MAY RESULT FROM BREACH OF ANY
WARRANTY, OR ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE ANY IOPTRON PRODUCT. ANY WARRANTIES
WHICH ARE IMPLIED AND WHICH CANNOT BE DISCLAIMED SHALL BE LIMITED IN DURATION TO A TERM OF
TWO YEARS FROM THE DATE OF ORIGINAL RETAIL PURCHASE.
Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages or limitation on how long an
implied warranty lasts, so the above limitations and exclusions may not apply to you.
This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state.
iOptron reserves the right to modify or discontinue, without prior notice to you, any model or style telescope.
If warranty problems arise, or if you need assistance in using your telescope, mount, or controller contact:
iOptron Corporation
Customer Service Department
6X Gill Street
Woburn, MA 01801
Tel. (866)399-4597
Fax. (781)935-2860
Monday-Friday 9AM-5PM EST
NOTE: This warranty is valid to U.S.A. and Canadian customers who have purchased this product from an authorized
iOptron dealer in the U.S.A. or Canada or directly from iOptron. Warranty outside the U.S.A. and Canada is valid only to
customers who purchased from an iOptron Distributor or Authorized iOptron Dealer in the specific country. Please contact
them for any warranty service.
35
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