MIXING CONSOLE
Owner’s Manual
E
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ii
Precautions
1. Avoid excessive heat, humidity, dust and
vibration
6. Handle cables carefully
Always plug and unplug cables — including the
AC power cord — by gripping the connector, not
the cord.
Keep the unit away from locations where it is
likely to be exposed to high temperatures or
humidity — such as near radiators, stoves, etc.
Also avoid locations which are subject to exces-
sive dust accumulation or vibration which could
cause mechanical damage.
7. Clean with a soft dry cloth
Never use solvents such as benzine or thinner to
clean the unit. Wipe clean with a soft, dry cloth.
8. Always use the correct power supply
Make sure that the power supply voltage specified
on the rear panel matches your local AC mains
supply. Also make sure that the AC mains supply
can deliver more than enough current to handle
all equipment used in your system.
2. Ventilation
The unit has ventilation slots on the top, rear and
bottom panels. Do not block these vents.
3. Avoid physical shocks
Strong physical shocks to the unit can cause dam-
age. Handle it with care.
4. Do not open the case or attempt repairs
or modifications yourself
This product contains no user-serviceable parts.
Refer all maintenance to qualified Yamaha service
personnel. Opening the case and/or tampering
with the internal circuitry voids the warranty.
Contents
5. Always power off before making connec-
tions
Always turn the power OFF before connecting or
disconnecting cables. This is important to pre-
vent damage to the unit itself as well as other con-
nected equipment.
C-R MONI (Control room monitor) section
IMPORTANT NOTICE FOR
THE UNITED KINGDOM
Connecting the Plug and Cord
WARNING: THIS APPARATUS MUST BE EARTHED
IMPORTANT: The wires in this mains lead are coloured in accordance with
the following code:
GREEN-AND-YELLOW : EARTH
BLUE
: NEUTRAL
: LIVE
BROWN
As the colours of the wires in the mains lead of this apparatus may not
correspond with the coloured markings identifying the terminals in your
plug, proceed as follows:
The wire which is coloured GREEN and YELLOW must be connected to
the terminal in the plug which is marked by the letter E or by the safety earth
symbol or coloured GREEN and YELLOW.
The wire which is coloured BLUE must be connected to the terminal which
is marked with the letter N or coloured BLACK.
The wire which is coloured BROWN must be connected to the terminal
which is marked with the letter L or coloured RED.
* This applies only to products distributed by YAMAHA KEMBLE
MUSIC (U.K.) LTD.
GA32/12, GA24/12—Owner’s Manual
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Introduction
1
Introduction
Thank you for choosing the Yamaha GA32/12 or GA24/12 mixing console. Please read
this manual thoroughly to take best advantage of the console and extend its useful life.
Notes:
This manual has been written on the assumption that you already understand the basic
operation and technical terminology of mixing consoles.
Descriptions of GA24/12 specifications appear in brackets ({}) if they differ from the
GA32/12.
Features
• The GA32/12 provides 28 monaural and 2 stereo
input modules {the GA24/12 provides 20 mon-
aural and 2 stereo input modules}. The output
channels comprise stereo outputs, 10 mix out-
puts, and two matrix outputs, and support a wide
range of applications, from SR (sound reinforce-
ment) to facility acoustics.
This routing can be used as a conventional group
bus. In this way, you can configure the bus for a
specific purpose.
• The console has two independent matrixes. You
can mix MIX buses 1–4 and the stereo bus indi-
vidually at the levels you desire and output them
from the MATRIX OUT 1–2 jacks. This routing
can be used as a mix for the foldback or for indi-
vidual speakers and amplifiers.
• Each monaural input channel offers a 26 dB pad,
HPF, phase switch, 4-band EQ (HI-MID and LO-
MID frequencies are variable), and a 100 mm-
long full-stroke fader. Also, phantom power can
be turned on and off for every group of four
inputs.
• The INSERT I/O jacks are provided for all mon-
aural input channels, the stereo bus, and MIX
buses 1–4. You can insert an external effect pro-
cessor, if necessary.
• Four stereo AUX returns and TAPE IN jacks are
provided as standard.
• Talkback signals can be sent to any of MIX buses
1–4, MIX buses 5–10, and the stereo bus.
• The master section of the console is located in the
center area of the unit, facilitating operation.
• C-R monitor output enables you to select PFL/
AFL or TAPE IN as a monitoring source.
• The master section provides output channels for
MIX buses 1–10, with EQs and 100 mm-long
faders.
• The console’s sturdy finish and rugged design
assure its durability even under severe conditions
and rough on-site usage.
• Each input channel and four stereo AUX returns
include a PFL switch, and stereo bus, MIX buses
1–10, and Matrix 1–2 has an AFL switch,
enabling you to monitor the input/output
sources quickly.
• Using the GA Diversity function enables you to
set MIX buses 1–4 to Variable mode or Fix mode
individually. In Variable mode, you can change
the level of the signals sent out from the input
channels. This routing can be used as a conven-
tional AUX bus. In Fix mode, the level of the sig-
nals sent out from the input channels is fixed.
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2
Front Panel
Front Panel
1
26dB
GAIN
Monaural input channels
2
+10
–16
–34
–60
The GA32/12 {GA24/12} has 28 {20} monaural input channels. They are located on both
sides of the master section and feature the same specifications.
3
4
PEAK
HIGH
80
5
A Pad switch
–15
+15
8k
HI-MID
This switch is used to attenuate input signals by 26 dB. Press down the switch to turn the
pad on.
400
B GAIN control
–15
+15
1.6k
+15
+15
LO-MID
6
7
This control knob is used to adjust input sensitivity. The adjustable range is –16 dB to
–60 dB when the pad switch 1 is turned off, and +10 dB to –34 dB when the pad switch is
turned on.
80
–15
LOW
C Ø (Phase) switch
This switch reverses the phase of input signals. Press down this switch to reverse the phase.
–15
EQ
M1
D High pass filter switch
This high pass filter is used to cut the frequency range below 80 Hz with a slope of 12 dB/
oct. Press down the switch to turn the high pass filter on.
0
10
M2
ON
0
10
E PEAK indicator
8
M3
ON
This indicator lights up when the level of signals that pass the EQ reaches 3 dB below the
clipping level.
9
0
10
M4
ON
F EQ controls (HIGH/ HI-MID/ LO-MID/ LOW)
This 4-band equalizer provides ±15 dB of cut and boost over each range, with the center
frequencies and types shown in the following table. The frequencies for HI-MID and LO-
MID are variable.
0
10
M5
ON
0
10
M6
PRE
0
10
Band
HIGH
Center frequencies
Type
shelving
M7
0
10
10 kHz
400 Hz–8 kHz
80 Hz–1.6 kHz
100 Hz
0
A
M8
PRE
HI-MID
LO-MID
LOW
peaking (parametric)
peaking (parametric)
shelving
0
10
M9
0
10
M10
PRE
G EQ switch
0
10
This switch is used to turn equalization on and off. Press down the switch to turn
equalization on.
PAN
B
D
L
R
C
H M1–M4 mix level controls
ST
ON
These controls are used to route the post fader signals from the input channel to MIX
buses 1–4.
PFL
E
10
5
Note: When you press down the M1–M4 switches to the FIX position in the Variable/
be fixed and the corresponding M1–M4 mix level controls will be disabled.
0
5
F
10
20
30
40
50
60
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Monaural input channels
3
I ON switches
These switches are used to turn on and off the signals routed from the input channel to MIX
buses 1–4.
Note: When these switches are set to off, no signals will be sent from the input channel to
the corresponding MIX buses regardless of the setting of the switches in the Variable/Fix
J M5–M10 mix level controls
These controls route the input channel signals to MIX buses 5–10. Use the PRE switches K to
select pre- or post-fader.
K PRE switches
These switches are used to select pre- or post-fader for signals sent from the input channel to
MIX buses 5–10. Each switch is effective for one pair of MIX buses: 5/6, 7/8, or 9/10. When you
turn these switches on, the pre-fader signals will be sent to the corresponding MIX bus pair.
L PAN control
This control is used to set the stereo image of signals sent from the input channel to the ST
(stereo) buses.
M ST (Stereo) switch
When you turn this switch on, input channel signals are sent to the ST buses.
N ON switch
This switch is used to turn on and off the corresponding input channel module. When this
switch is turned off, no signals are sent from the corresponding input channel to the ST buses
and MIX buses 1–10. However, using the PFL switch O will enable you to monitor the signals
via the C-R MONITOR OUT jacks or PHONES jack.
O PFL (Pre-fader Listen) switch
When you turn this switch on, the pre-fader signals of the input channel are routed to the PFL
bus, and you are able to monitor the signals via the C-R MONITOR OUT jacks or PHONES
jack.
P Channel fader
This fader is used to adjust the level of the input channel signals. This fader setting affects the
level of the signals routed to the ST buses, MIX buses 1–4, and MIX buses 5–8 (when the PRE
switches are turned off).
MIX
MIX
+48V
PFL
ST
L R
(FIX)
(VARIABLE)
PHANTOM
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 LR CTL
PEAK
ON
ON
ON
ON
M1
M2
M3
INPUT A
17-24/17-32
INPUT B
HA
PAD
4-Stage EQ
HPF
1-12,
80
EQ
ø
26dB
GAIN
ON
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M10
INSERT I/O
PRE
PRE
PRE
ST
PAN
PFL
Signal flow of the monaural input channel
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4
Front Panel
Stereo input channels
The GA32/12 and GA24/12 provide two stereo input channel modules. Use the paired
connect signals only to the 13L (MONO) jack or 15L (MONO) jack, the same signal will
be sent t the o M1–4 and ST buses.
GAIN
+10
1
–34
PEAK
HIGH
–15
3
2
80
A GAIN control
+15
+15
+15
+15
This control is used to adjust input sensitivity. The adjustable range is +10 dB to –34 dB.
HI-MID
–15
B PEAK indicator
This indicator lights up when the level of signals that have been processed by the EQ
reaches 3 dB below the clipping level.
4
5
LO-MID
–15
C High pass filter switch
This high pass filter is used to cut the frequency range below 80 Hz with a slope of 12 dB/
oct.
LOW
–15
D EQ controls (HIGH/ HI-MID/ LO-MID/ LOW)
EQ
M1
This 4-band equalizer provides ±15 dB of cut and boost over each range, with the center
frequencies and types shown in the following table.
0
10
M2
ON
Band
HIGH
Center frequencies
Type
0
10
6
10 kHz
3 kHz
shelving
peaking
peaking
shelving
M3
ON
7
HI-MID
LO-MID
LOW
0
10
M4
ON
800 Hz
100 Hz
0
10
M5
ON
E EQ switch
0
10
This switch is used to turn the equalization on and off.
M6
PRE
0
10
F M1–M4 mix level controls
M7
These controls are used to route the post fader signals from the stereo input channel to
MIX buses 1–4. When stereo signals are input, the L channel signal will be sent to MIX
buses 1, 3, and the R channel signal will be sent to MIX buses 2 and 4.
0
10
8
9
M8
PRE
0
10
M9
Note: When you press down the M1–M4 switches to the FIX position in the Variable/
fixed and the corresponding M1–M4 mix level controls will be disabled.
0
10
M10
PRE
0
10
BAL
G ON switches (M1–M4)
These switches are used to turn on and off the signals routed from the stereo input channel
to MIX buses 1–4.
0
B
L
R
A
ST
ON
Note: When these switches are set to off, no signals are sent from the stereo input
channel to the corresponding MIX buses regardless of the setting of the switches in the
PFL
C
10
5
H M5–M10 mix level controls
0
These control knobs route the stereo input channel signals to MIX buses 5–10. Stereo
input signals are mixed into a monaural signal and sent to MIX buses 5–10. Use the PRE
switches 9 to select pre- or post-fader.
5
D
10
20
30
40
50
60
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Stereo input channels
5
I PRE (Pre-fader) switches
These switches are used to select pre- or post-fader for signals sent from the stereo input
channel to MIX buses 5–10. Each switch is effective for one pair of MIX buses:5/6, 7/8, or 9/10.
When you turn these switches on, the pre-fader signals are sent to the corresponding MIX bus
pair.
J BAL (Balance) control
This control is used to adjust the left and right balance of signals sent from the stereo input
channel to the ST bus.
K ST (Stereo) switch
When you turn this switch on, the stereo input channel signals will be sent to the ST bus. If you
panel 5 ), the same signals will be sent to both L and R channels.
L ON switch
This switch is used to turn on and off the corresponding stereo input channel. When this switch
is turned off, no signals are sent to the ST bus and MIX buses 1–10. However, using the PFL
switch M will enable you to monitor the signals via the C-R MONITOR OUT jacks or
PHONEs jack.
M PFL (Pre-fader listen) switch
When you turn this switch on, the pre-fader signals of the stereo input channel are routed to
the PFL bus, and you can monitor the signals via the C-R MONITOR OUT jacks or PHONES
jack.
N Channel fader
This fader is used to adjust the level of the stereo input channel signals. This fader setting affects
the level of the signals routed to the ST bus, MIX buses 1–4, and MIX buses 5–8 (when the PRE
switches are turned off).
MIX
MIX
(FIX)
(VARIABLE)
PFL
ST
L R
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 LR CTL
PFL
ON
PAD
PAD
HA
HA
13L(MONO),
15L(MONO)
HPF
HPF
4-Stage EQ
4-Stage EQ
ON
ON
ON
ON
M1
M2
M3
14/13,
16/15
14R,
16R
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M10
PRE
PRE
PRE
ST
BAL
PFL
Signal flow of the stereo input channel
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6
Master Section
Master Section
Variable/ Fix select section
The GA32/12 and GA24/12 feature a GA (Group/Aux) diversity function, which enables you to
use the MIX bus 1–4 signals as group bus signals or AUX bus signals. This section of the console
allows you to select whether you wish to use MIX buses 1–4 as group buses or AUX buses.
A M1–M4 switches
These switches are used to select whether the level of signals sent from the input channels to
MIX buses 1–4 will be fixed (FIX) or variable (VARIABLE).
■ When FIX is on:
VARIABLE / FIX
The selected MIX bus(es) function as a group bus. The
M1
FIX
level of the signal from each input channel will be fixed,
and the M1–M4 mix level controls of the input channels
that correspond to the MIX buses will be disabled.
M2
FIX
1
M3
■ When FIX is off:
The selected MIX bus(es) function as an AUX bus. Signals
FIX
M4
that pass through the M1–M4 mix level controls of each
FIX
corresponding MIX buses.
Mix section
This section consists of the output channels that handle MIX bus 1–10 signals individually.
panel 6 ), and also routed to the AFL bus. MIX bus 1–4 signals are also routed to the ST bus
and Matrixes 1/2.
HIGH
HIGH
HIGH
HIGH
HIGH
HIGH
HIGH
HIGH
HIGH
HIGH
–15
+15
–15
+15
–15
+15
–15
+15
–15
+15
–15
+15
–15
+15
–15
+15
–15
+15
–15
+15
1
1
MID
MID
MID
MID
MID
MID
MID
MID
MID
MID
300
6k
300
6k
300
6k
300
6k
300
6k
300
6k
300
6k
300
6k
300
6k
300
6k
–15
+15
+15
–15
+15
+15
–15
+15
+15
–15
+15
+15
–15
+15
+15
–15
+15
+15
–15
+15
+15
–15
+15
+15
–15
+15
+15
–15
+15
+15
LOW
LOW
LOW
LOW
LOW
LOW
LOW
LOW
LOW
LOW
–15
PAN
L
–15
PAN
L
–15
PAN
L
–15
PAN
L
–15
–15
–15
–15
–15
–15
2
3
4
2
EQ
EQ
EQ
EQ
EQ
EQ
EQ
EQ
EQ
EQ
R
R
R
R
TO ST
TO ST
TO ST
TO ST
AFL
AFL
AFL
AFL
AFL
AFL
AFL
AFL
AFL
AFL
5
5
6
10
5
10
5
10
5
10
5
10
5
10
5
10
5
10
5
10
5
10
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
6
10
20
30
40
10
20
30
40
10
20
30
40
10
20
30
40
10
20
30
40
10
20
30
40
10
20
30
40
10
20
30
40
10
20
30
40
10
20
30
40
50
60
50
60
50
60
50
60
50
60
50
60
50
60
50
60
50
60
50
60
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M10
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Mix section
7
■ M1–M4
These modules function as output channels for either a group bus or an AUX bus, depending
on the setting of the switches in the Variable/Fix select section. The MIX bus 1–4 signals that
pass these output channels can be routed to MIX OUT 1–4 jacks, ST bus, AFL bus, and
Matrixes 1/2.
■ M5–M10
These modules function as output channels for an AUX bus. The MIX bus 5–10 signals that
pass these output channels can be routed to MIX OUT 5–10 jacks and AFL bus.
A EQ controls (HIGH/ MID/ LOW)
This 3-band equalizer provides ±15 dB of cut and boost over each frequency range of the MIX
bus signals, with center frequencies and types shown in the following table. The frequencies for
MID are variable.
Band
HIGH
Center frequencies
Type
shelving
10 kHz
300–6 kHz
100 Hz
MID
peaking (parametric)
shelving
LOW
B EQ switch
This switch is used to turn the equalization on and off.
C PAN control (applied only to M1–M4)
This control allows you to adjust the stereo position of signals routed from MIX buses 1–4 to
the ST bus.
D TO ST (To stereo) switch (applied only to M1–M4)
When you turn this switch on, the MIX bus 1–4 signals will be sent to the ST bus.
E AFL (After-Fader Listen) switch
When you turn this switch on, the post-fader signals in the MIX buses are routed to the AFL
bus, and you can monitor the signals via the C-R MONITOR OUT jacks or PHONES jack.
F Mix master fader
This fader adjusts the output level of the MIX buses. The settings of the M1–M4 faders affect the
level of signals sent to MIX OUT 1–4 jacks, ST bus, AFL bus, and Matrixes 1/2. The settings of
the M5–M10 faders affect the level of signals sent to the MIX OUT 5–10 jacks and AFL bus.
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8
Master Section
MIX
MIX
(FIX)
(VARIABLE)
PFL
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 LR CTL
FIX
MIX
OUT 1
ST
L R
3-Stage EQ
EQ
VARIABLE/FIX
TO ST
AFL
PAN
to AFL
MIX
INSERT
I/O
1
to MTRX
MIX OUT 2-4: Same as MIX OUT 1
MIX
3-Stage EQ
EQ
OUT 5
to AFL
AFL
MIX OUT 6-10: Same as MIX OUT 5
Signal flow in the Variable/Fix select section and Mix section
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ST (Stereo) section
9
ST (Stereo) section
A POST ST1 (Post stereo 1) switch
This switch toggles between pre- and post-fader for signals output from the ST2 OUT jacks.
When you turn this switch on, signals that passed the ST fader are output from the ST2 OUT
1
POST ST1
jacks. When you turn the switch off, the ST fader setting does not affect signals output from the
ST2 OUT jacks.
2
3
B MONO (Monaural) switch
MONO
When you turn this switch on, the ST bus signals will be mixed into a monaural signal and
output from the ST2 OUT jacks. This switch setting does not affect signals output from the ST1
OUT jacks.
LEVEL
0
10
ST2
C LEVEL control
This control enables you to adjust the output level of signals at the ST2 OUT jacks. It does not
affect the level of signals output from the ST1 OUT jacks.
AFL
4
5
10
5
D AFL (After-fader Listen) switch
When you turn this switch on, the ST bus post-fader signals are routed to the AFL bus, and you
can monitor the signals via the C-R MONITOR OUT jacks or PHONES jack.
0
5
10
20
30
40
E ST (Stereo) fader
This fader enables you to adjust the final output level of the ST bus signals. This fader setting
affects the level of the signals routed to the ST1 OUT jacks, ST2 OUT jacks (when the POST
ST1 switch is turned on), and the AFL bus.
50
60
L
ST
L R
REC
OUT
R
ST1
ST
INSERT
I/O
L
L
ST1
OUT
AFL
L R
R
ST
INSERT
I/O
AFL
R
L
POST
ST1
MONO LEVEL
ST2
OUT
R
Signal flow in the ST section
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10 Master Section
AUX RETURN section
The GA32/12 and GA24/12 provide four stereo AUX returns. Use the paired AUX RETURN
only to the AUX RETURN 1–4’s L jack to use the routing as a monaural AUX return.
A M1–M4 mix level controls
M5
M5
These controls are used to route signals input
from the AUX RETURN 1–2 jacks to MIX buses
1–4. The L channel of a stereo input signal is
sent to MIX buses 1 and 3, and the R channel
signal is sent to MIX buses 2 and 4. For a
monaural signal input, the same signal is sent to
MIX buses 1–4.
0
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
0
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
M6
M6
0
0
M1
M1
M7
M7
0
10
10
10
10
10
0
10
10
10
10
10
0
0
M2
M2
M8
M8
2
5
0
0
0
0
1
M3
M3
M9
M9
0
0
0
0
M4
M4
M10
M10
B M5–M10 mix level controls
These controls route the input channel signals
at the AUX RETURN 3–4 jacks to MIX buses
5–10. The L channel of a stereo input signal is
sent to MIX buses 5, 7, and 9, and the R channel
signal is sent to MIX buses 6, 8, and 10.
0
0
0
0
ST
ST
ST
ST
3
4
0
0
0
0
ON
ON
ON
ON
1 PFL
2 PFL
3 PFL
4 PFL
AUX RETURN
Note: The M1–M4 switch settings in the Variable/Fix select section do not affect the M1–
M10 mix level control settings. If the switches are set to FIX, signals that pass the M1–M10
mix level controls will still be sent to MIX buses 1–10.
C ST (Stereo) level control
This control knob enables you to adjust the level of signals sent from the AUX RETURN 1–4
jacks to the ST bus, and does not affect the M1–M10 mix level control settings (1 and 2 ).
D ON switch
This switch is used to turn on and off the corresponding AUX return. When you turn this
switch off, no signals are sent to the ST bus and MIX buses 1–10. However, using the PFL switch
5 enables you to monitor the signals via the C-R MONITOR OUT jacks or PHONES jack.
E PFL switch
When you turn this switch on, the AUX return signals will be routed to the PFL bus, and you
can monitor the signals via the C-R MONITOR OUT jacks or PHONES jack. The signals are
not affected by the M1–M10 mix level controls (1 and 2 ), ST level control (3 ), or ON
switch (4 ).
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MATRIX section 11
MIX
MIX
(FIX)
(VARIABLE)
PFL
ST
L R
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 L CTL
1L(MONO),
2L(MONO)
M1
M2
M3
M4
ON
1R,
2R
ST
AUX RETURN
PFL
ON
3L(MONO),
4L(MONO)
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M10
3R,
4R
ST
PFL
Signal flow in the AUX RETURN section
MATRIX section
The GA32/12 and GA24/12 provide two matrix modules that allow you to mix MIX buses 1–4
and ST bus signals at desired levels. Matrix 1–2 signals are output in monaural via the MATRIX
OUT 1–2 jacks (rear panel K ).
M1
M1
A M1–M4 level controls
0
0
These control knobs enable you to adjust the input level of MIX bus
1–4 post-fader signals.
M2
M2
0
0
1
M3
M3
B L/ R controls
0
0
These control knobs enable you to adjust the input level of the ST bus
post-fader signals for the L channel and R channel independently.
M4
M4
0
0
L
L
C LEVEL control
0
0
0
0
2
R
R
This control knob enables you to adjust the output level of Matrix 1–2 signals.
LEVEL
LEVEL
D ON switch
3
4
This switch turns on and off Matrixes 1–2. When you turn this switch
off, the corresponding matrix signal is not output from the MATRIX
OUT jack. The signal is not sent to the AFL bus, either.
0
10
0
10
ON
ON
1 AFL
2 AFL
MATRIX
E AFL (After-fader Listen) switch
5
When you turn this switch on, the matrix 1–2 post-fader signals are
sent to the AFL bus. You can monitor the signals via the C-R MONITOR OUT jacks or
PHONES jack. However, this switch will be disabled if the ON switch (4 ) is turned off.
AFL
L R
ST
L R
1
2
3
4
from
MIX OUT
M1
M2
M3
M4
L
AFL
MATRIX
OUT
1,2
ON
LEVEL
to Meter
R
Signal flow in the MATRIX section
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12 Master Section
C-R MONI (Control room monitor) section
PHONES (headphones) section
This section enables you to control signals monitored via the C-R MONITOR OUT jacks (see
PHONES section 6 ).
A Monitor source select switch
This switch enables you to select the type of signal to monitor via the C-R MONITOR OUT
jacks and the PHONES jack.
1
2
PFL/AFL
TAPE IN
■ When the switch is set to PFL/ AFL (
)
PFL
LEVEL
0
You will monitor PFL signals (signals routed from input channels/AUX returns to the PFL bus)
or AFL signals (signals routed from MIX buses 1–10/ST buses/MATRIX 1–2 to the AFL bus).
3
4
10
If any one of the PFL switches for the input channels/AUX returns is turned on, the PFL
indicator 2 will light up. In this case, the PFL bus signals (not the AFL bus signals) are routed
to the C-R MONITOR OUT jacks and PHONES jack. If all the PFL switches are turned off, the
AFL bus signals are sent to the C-R MONITOR OUT jacks and PHONES jack.
ON
C-R MONI
LEVEL
5
0
10
Note: If you turn on any one of the PFL switches for the input channels/AUX returns while
monitoring the AFL bus signal, the switching circuit will switch the signal to the PFL bus
signal.
■ When the switch is set to TAPE IN (
)
B PFL (Pre-fader Listen) indicator
This indicator lights up when any one of the PFL switches for the input channels/AUX returns
is turned on, indicating that the PFL bus signal is currently being monitored.
C LEVEL control
6
This control enables you to adjust the level of signals output from the C-R MONITOR OUT
jacks. This setting does not affect the signal level at the PHONES jack.
D ON switch
PHONES
This switch turns on and off the monitoring signals output from the C-R MONITOR OUT
jacks. It does not affect signals at the PHONES jack.
E LEVEL (Headphones level) control
This control enables you to adjust the level of signals output from the PHONES jack. This
setting does not affect the signal level at the C-R MONITOR OUT jacks.
F PHONES (Headphones) jack
Tip (left)
Connect monitoring stereo headphones here. See
the figure on the right for wiring.
1/4" TRS phone plug
Ring (right)
Sleeve (ground)
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TAPE IN section 13
TAPE IN section
This section enables you to control line-level signals input from the TAPE IN jacks. Input
signals from the TAPE IN jacks can be routed to the ST bus or directly to the C-R MONITOR
OUT jacks and PHONES jack.
A ST (Stereo) control
ST
This control knob determines the level of input signals at the TAPE IN jacks that are sent to on
the ST buses.
1
2
0
10
ON
B ON switch
TAPE IN
This switch turns on and off the signals sent from the TAPE IN jacks to the ST bus. This switch
setting does not affect signals (input from the TAPE IN jacks) that are monitored via the C-R
MONITOR OUT jacks and PHONES jack.
Note: Set the Monitor source select switch (C-R MONI section 1 ) in the C-R MONI section
to “TAPE IN” to monitor the TAPE IN signals via the C-R MONITOR OUT jacks and
PHONES jack.
PFL
LR CTL
ST
L R
from MTRX
1 2
PFL•AFL/TAPE
MATRIX
from AFL
PFL
PFL/AFL
TAPE IN
L
C-R
ON LEVEL
MONITOR
OUT
R
LEVEL
PHONES
L
TAPE
IN
ON ST
R
Signal flow in the C-R MONI section, PHONES section, and TAPE IN section
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14 Master Section
TALKBACK section
This section is used to route talkback signals to the MIX buses and the ST bus.
A INPUT jack
This XLR-3-31 unbalanced input jack is used to connect a
talkback microphone with an output impedance of 50–600Ω. See
the figure below for wiring.
1
1 (ground)
Male XLR plug
INPUT
3 (cold)
2
M1-M4
LEVEL
5
6
0
10
3
4
M5-M10
ST
2 (hot)
ON
B M1-M4 switch
C M5-M10 switch
D ST switch
TALKBACK
These switches (2 –4 ) are used to send talkback signals to MIX buses 1–4, MIX buses 5–10,
and ST bus. You can turn the switches on or off independently for each destination.
E LEVEL control
This control knob is used to adjust the talkback level.
F ON switch
This switch turns talkback signals on and off.
MIX
(FIX)
MIX
(VARIABLE)
PFL
ST
L R
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 L R CTL
M1-M4
INPUT
HA
M5-M10
ON
LEVEL
ST
Signal flow in the TALKBACK section
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METER SELECT section 15
METER SELECT section
You can select the signal source to be displayed in the Meter bridge
section.
A Source select switch
This switch enables you to select the signal source to be displayed on
the MATRIX (PFL•AFL/TAPE) meter (Meter bridge 3 ) in the right
corner of the level meter.
1
PFL•AFL/TAPE
MATRIX
METER SELECT
■ When the switch is set to PFL-AFL/ TAPE (
)
The meter indicates either the PFL/AFL bus output level or the input level of the signals sent
from the TAPE IN jacks, depending on the setting of the Monitor source select switch in the
C-R MONI section.
■ When the switch is set to MATRIX (
)
The meter indicates the output level of Matrix 1 and 2.
Meter bridge
This peak level meter indicates the output level of the MIX buses, ST bus, Matrixes 1/2, PFL
bus, and AFL bus, and the level of the signal input from the TAPE IN jacks.
1
2
3
4
PEAK
+8
PEAK
+8
PEAK
+8
POWER
+5
+5
+5
+3
+3
+3
+1
+1
+1
0
0
0
–1
–1
–1
–3
–3
–3
–5
–5
–5
–7
–7
–7
–10
–15
–20
–10
–15
–20
–10
–15
–20
5
M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10
L
R
1
2
PHANTOM
ST1
MATRIX
L
R
PFL•AFL / TAPE
A M1–M10 meters
These meters indicate the output level of MIX OUT 1–10.
B ST1 meters
These meters indicate the output level of ST1 OUT.
C MATRIX (PFL•AFL/ TAPE) meters
These meters indicate the PFL/AFL bus level, input level of signals sent from the TAPE IN jacks,
or the output level of Matrixes 1/2, depending on the selection made in the METER SELECT
section.
D POWER indicator
When the power to the GA32/12 (or GA24/12) is turned on, this indicator lights up.
E PHANTOM indicator
are turned on.
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16 Rear Panel
Rear Panel
C
A
0 9
8
3
4
C-R MONITOR OUT +4dB
MATRIX OUT +4dB
ST2 OUT +4dB
AUX RETURN +4dB
4L (MONO)
3L (MONO)
2L (MONO)
1L (MONO)
R
L
2
1
R
R
L
L
PHANTOM (+48V)
OFF ON
4R
3R
2R
1R
15L (MONO) 13L (MONO)
12
11
10
9
ST1 OUT +4dB
R
L
INSERT I/O
0dB
INSERT I/O
0dB
INSERT I/O
0dB
INSERT I/O
0dB
ST INSERT I/O 0dB
R
L
TAPE IN –10dBV
D
E
MIX INSERT I/O 0dB
INSERT I/O
OUT IN
4
3
2
1
16R
14R
INPUT
INPUT
INPUT
INPUT
REC OUT –10dBV
B
B
B
B
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
INPUT
INPUT
INPUT
INPUT
A
A
A
A
MIX OUT +4dB
B
7 6
5
12
A INPUT A jacks 1–12, 17–32 {1–12, 17–24}
These are balanced, XLR-3-31 monaural input
jacks. Usually their nominal input levels range
from –16 dB to –60 dB. However, when the pad
on, the nominal input levels range from +10 dB
1 (ground)
3 (cold)
Male XLR plug
2 (hot)
to –34 dB. For every group of four input channels, the INPUT A jacks have phantom power of
+48 V that can be turned on and off. See the figure on the right for wiring.
B INPUT B jacks 1–12, 17–32 {1–12, 17–24}
These are balanced TRS phone, monaural input
jacks. Their nominal input levels are the same as
Tip (hot)
1/4" TRS phone plug
Ring (cold)
those for INPUT A 1 . You cannot use the INPUT
A jack and INPUT B jack for the same channel
simultaneously. Do not connect plugs to both A
and B jacks of the same channel at the same time.
Sleeve (ground)
Otherwise, a malfunction may occur. Phantom power is not available for the INPUT B jacks.
See the figure on the right for wiring.
C INSERT I/ O jacks 1–12
These TRS phone jacks are used to insert an external processor into monaural input channels
1–12, 17–32 {17–24} with nominal input/output levels of 0 dB. See the figure below for wiring.
Tip (send)
1/4" phone plug
Tip (send)
To processor’s input
Sleeve (ground)
Tip (return)
Ring (return)
1/4" TRS phone plug
Sleeve (ground)
1/4" phone plug
Connect to INSERT I/ O jack
From processor’s output
Sleeve (ground)
D PHANTOM (+48 V) switches
These switches are used to turn the +48 V phantom power on and off for every group of four
input channels. If one of these switches is turned on, the PHANTOM indicator on the Meter
bridge will light up.
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Rear Panel 17
E INPUT jacks 13–16
These are unbalanced phone jacks for the stereo
input channels, with nominal input levels ranging
from –34 dB to +10 dB. If you are using the stereo
input modules as monaural channels, connect a
plug to 13L (MONO) or 15L (MONO) jack. See
the figure on the right for wiring.
Tip (send)
1/4" phone plug
Sleeve (ground)
F MIX OUT 1–10 jacks
1 (ground)
3 (cold)
Male XLR plug
These balanced XLR-3-32 jacks output MIX
bus 1–10 signals individually, with a nominal
output level of +4 dB. See the figure on the
right for wiring.
2 (hot)
G MIX INSERT I/ O jacks
These TRS phone jacks are used to insert an external processor into MIX buses 1–4, with
nominal input/output levels of 0 dB. See the figure below for wiring.
Tip (send)
1/4" phone plug
Tip (send)
To processor’s input
Sleeve (ground)
Tip (return)
Ring (return)
1/4" TRS phone plug
Sleeve (ground)
1/4" phone plug
Connect to INSERT I/ O jack
From processor’s output
Sleeve (ground)
H AUX RETURN 1–4 jacks
These unbalanced phone jacks are used to connect
stereo outputs from an external effect processor,
with nominal input level of +4 dB. To input
monaural signals, use only the L (MONO) jack.
See the figure on the right for wiring.
Tip (send)
1/4" phone plug
Sleeve (ground)
I ST1 OUT jacks
1 (ground)
3 (cold)
Male XLR plug
These balanced XLR-3-32 jacks output ST bus
signals, with a nominal output level of +4 dB.
See the figure on the right for wiring.
2 (hot)
J ST2 OUT jacks
Tip (send)
1/4" phone plug
These unbalanced phone jacks output ST bus
signals, with a nominal output level of +4 dB. See
the figure on the right for wiring.
Sleeve (ground)
Tip (send)
K MATRIX OUT jacks 1/ 2
1/4" phone plug
These unbalanced phone jacks output Matrix 1/2
signals that are a mix of MIX buses 1–4 and ST bus,
with a nominal output level of +4 dB. See the
figure on the right for wiring.
Sleeve (ground)
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18 Rear Panel
L ST INSERT I/ O jacks
These TRS phone jacks are used to insert an external processor into the ST bus, with nominal
input/output levels of 0 dB. See the figure below for wiring.
Tip (send)
1/4" phone plug
Tip (send)
To processor’s input
Sleeve (ground)
Tip (return)
Ring (return)
1/4" TRS phone plug
Sleeve (ground)
1/4" phone plug
Connect to INSERT I/ O jack
From processor’s output
Sleeve (ground)
M C-R MONITOR OUT jacks
Tip (send)
These unbalanced phone jacks are used to monitor
input signals sent from the PFL bus, AFL bus, and
TAPE IN jacks, with a nominal output level of
+4 dB. See the figure on the right for wiring.
1/4" phone plug
Sleeve (ground)
N TAPE IN jacks
Phono plug
Tip
These unbalanced phono jacks are used to connect a line-level
device, with a nominal input level of –10 dBV. See the figure on the
right for wiring.
Sleeve
O REC OUT jacks
Phono plug
Tip
These unbalanced phono jacks output line-level, pre-fader, pre-
insert I/O ST bus signals. See the figure on the right for wiring.
Sleeve
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GA Diversity Function 19
GA Diversity Function
What is GA Diversity?
GA Diversity is an output select function that allows you to use the MIX OUT jacks as group
output jacks or AUX output jacks on the GA32/12 and GA24/12.
You can route either MIX (Variable) bus signals or MIX (Fix) bus signals to the MIX OUT 1–4
jacks of the GA32/12 and GA24/12. You can select either one of these output signals in the
Variable/Fix select section.
If the M1–M4 switches in the Variable/Fix select section are set to FIX ( ), the corresponding
MIX OUT jacks will output MIX (FIX) bus signals. Since each channel’s output level for the
MIX (FIX) bus signals is fixed, the corresponding MIX OUT jacks will function as group
output jacks.
If the M1–M4 switches in the Variable/Fix select section are set to VARIABLE ( ), the
corresponding MIX OUT jacks will output MIX (VARIABLE) bus signals. Since each channel’s
output level for the MIX (VARIABLE) bus signals is variable, the corresponding MIX OUT
jacks will function as AUX output jacks.
The GA Diversity function will enable you to configure a flexible bus system, such as four
groups and six AUX sends, two groups and eight AUX sends, or 10 AUX sends, etc., depending
on the application.
MIX
MIX
(FIX)
(VARIABLE)
PFL
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 LR CTL
FIX
MIX
OUT 1
ST
L R
3-Stage EQ
EQ
VARIABLE/FIX
TO ST
AFL
PAN
to AFL
MIX
INSERT
I/O
1
to MTRX
Setting the GA Diversity function
1. Press down the M1 switch (
FIX) in the Variable/
VARIABLE / FIX
M1
FIX
FIX
FIX
FIX
The FIX indicator will light up. The MIX OUT 1 output channel
will receive the MIX (FIX) 1 bus signal, and the MIX OUT 1 jack
will function as a group output jack.
M2
M3
M4
2. Press the M1 switch again to set it to ( VARIABLE).
The FIX indicator will be turned off. The MIX OUT 1 output
channel will receive the MIX (VARIABLE) 1 bus signal, and the
MIX OUT 1 jack will function as an AUX output jack.
3. Set the M2, M3, and M4 switches in the same way.
You can set MIX OUT 1–4 channels to “FIX” or “VARIABLE”
individually.
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20 Specifications
Specifications
General specifications
Frequency response
20 Hz–20 kHz +1 dB, –2 dB, +4 dB 600Ω (ST1 OUT, ST2 OUT, MIX OUT, MATRIX OUT)
Total harmonic distortion
<0.1% @20 Hz–20 kHz, +14 dB 600Ω (ST1 OUT, ST2 OUT, MIX OUT, MATRIX OUT)
–128 dB equivalent input noise
–95 dB residual output noise (ST1 OUT, ST2 OUT, MIX OUT, MATRIX OUT)
ST master fader at nominal level.
–83 dB residual output noise
all channel fader, mix level control: minimum
(ST1 OUT)
ST switch: OFF
Hum and noise
Mix master fader at nominal level.
–78 dB residual output noise
(Rs=150Ω, 20 Hz–20 kHz)
all channel fader, mix level control: minimum
(MIX OUT)
M1–M4 switch: OFF
ST master/mix master fader, one channel fader and mix
level control at nominal level.
one channel gain control: maximum
–64 dB (68 dB S/N)
(ST1 OUT, MIX OUT)
84 dB CH IN to ST1 OUT
84 dB CH IN to MIX OUT
58 dB ST IN to ST1 OUT
58 dB ST IN to MIX OUT
Maximum voltage gain
Crosstalk at 1 kHz
–70 dB adjacent input
–70 dB input to output
Gain control
44 dB variable
0 dB/26 dB
Channel input pad
Channel input HPF
80 Hz 12 dB/oct
±15 dB Maximum
HIGH
10 kHz *
shelving
Input channel equalization
HI-MID
LO-MID
LOW
400 Hz–8 kHz peaking
80 Hz–1.6 kHz peaking
100 Hz *
shelving
±15 dB Maximum
HIGH
10 kHz *
shelving
peaking
peaking
shelving
ST input channel equalization
Mix out equalization
HI-MID
LO-MID
LOW
3 kHz
800 Hz
100 Hz *
±15 dB Maximum
HIGH
MID
10 kHz *
shelving
300 Hz–6 kHz peaking
LOW
100 Hz *
shelving
Meters
13 points LED x 14
Channel peak indicators
Phantom power
An indicator for each channel turns on when the pre-channel fader signal is –3 dB below clipping.
+48V (balanced)
USA and Canadian
General
120 V AC 60 Hz
230 V AC 50 Hz
Power requirement
Power consumption
Dimensions (WxHxD)
Weight
120 W
GA32/12: 1372 x 161 x 705 mm GA24/12: 1144 x 161 x 705 mm
GA32/12: 38 kg GA24/12: 34 kg
*
Turn over/Roll off frequency of shelving: 3 dB below maximum variable level.
Specifications are subject to change without prior notice.
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Input specifications 21
Input specifications
Input level
Input
connectors
Gain
trim impedance
Input
Nominal
impedance
Connector type
Max. before
clipping
1
Nominal level
Sensitivity
MAX
3 kΩ
MIN
–86 dB (38.8 µV)
–42 dB (6.16 mV)
–60 dB (775 µV)
–16 dB (123 mV)
–12 dB (195 mV)
–60 dB (775 µV)
–16 dB (123 mV)
–34 dB (15.5 mV)
+10 dB (2.45 V)
+4 dB (1.23 V)
–40 dB (7.75 mV)
+4 dB (1.23 V)
2
CH INPUT
1–12, 17–24/32
A: XLR-3-31 type
B: Phone jack2
50-600Ω Mics
MAX
MIN
–14 dB (155 mV)
+30 dB (24.5 V)
+20 dB (7.75 V)
CH INPUT
13–16
Phone jack
3
(TRS)
AUX RETURN
TAPE IN
600Ω Line
–26 dBV (50.1mV) –10 dBV (316 mV)
–26 dB (38.8 mV)
+8 dBV (2.51 V) Phono
10 kΩ
CH INSERT I/O
ST INSERT I/O
MIX INSERT I/O
TALKBACK INPUT
4
0 dB (775 mV)
+20 dB (7.75 V)
Phone jack, TRS
–10 dB (245 mV)
XLR-3-31 type3
50-600Ω Mics
–66 dB (338 µV)
–50 dB (2.45 mV) –24 dB (48.9 mV)
1. Sensitivity is the lowest level that will produce an output of +4 dB (1.23 V) or the nominal output level when the unit is set to maximum gain.
2. Balanced
3. Unbalanced
4. T: OUT, R: IN, S: GND
• 0 dB=0.775 Vrms, 0 dBV=1 Vrms
Output specifications
Output level
Output
Nominal
Output connector
Connector type
impedance
impedance
Nominal
Max. before clipping
1
ST1 OUT
150Ω
75Ω
+24 dB (12.3 V)
+20 dB (7.75 V)
+24 dB (12.3 V)
XLR-3-32 type
2
ST2 OUT
Phone jack
XLR-3-32 type1
600Ω Lines
+4 dB (1.23 V)
MIX OUT
MATRIX OUT
C-R MONITOR OUT
REC OUT
Phone jack2
Phono
+20 dB (7.75 V)
+10 dBV (3.16 V)
–10 dBV (316 mV)
0 dB (775 mV)
3 mW
CH INSERT I/O
ST INSERT I/O
MIX INSERT I/O
PHONES
600Ω
100Ω
10 kΩ Lines
40Ω Phones
3
+20 dB (7.75 V)
100 mW
Phone jack, TRS
ST phone jack
1. Balanced
2. Unbalanced
3. T: OUT, R: IN, S: GND
• 0 dB=0.775 Vrms, 0 dBV=1 Vrms
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Block and Level diagram 23
Block and Level diagram
L O W
M I D
L O W
M I D
g
g
f
f
H I G H
H I G H
P E A K
E Q
L O W
L O W
g
f
L O - M I D
H I - M I D
H I G H
L O - M I D
g
f
H I - M I D
H I G H
8 0
G A I N
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