GT 2.5-DE
GT 3.8-DE
GT 2.8-SP
GT 3.8-SP
Owner’s Manual
Xantrex Grid Tie
Solar Inverter
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Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter
Owner’s Manual
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About Xantrex
Xantrex Technology Inc. is a world-leading supplier of advanced power electronics and controls with products from
50 watt mobile units to one MW utility-scale systems for wind, solar, batteries, fuel cells, microturbines, and backup
power applications in both grid-connected and stand-alone systems. Xantrex products include inverters, battery
chargers, programmable power supplies, and variable speed drives that convert, supply, control, clean, and distribute
electrical power.
Trademarks
Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter is a trademark of Xantrex International. Xantrex and Xanbus are registered
trademarks of Xantrex International.
Other trademarks, registered trademarks, and product names are the property of their respective owners and are used
herein for identification purposes only.
Notice of Copyright
Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter Owner’s Manual © August 2005 Xantrex International. All rights reserved.
Disclaimer
UNLESS SPECIFICALLY AGREED TO IN WRITING, XANTREX TECHNOLOGY INC. (“XANTREX”)
(a) MAKES NO WARRANTY AS TO THE ACCURACY, SUFFICIENCY OR SUITABILITY OF ANY
TECHNICAL OR OTHER INFORMATION PROVIDED IN ITS MANUALS OR OTHER DOCUMENTATION.
(b) ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITY FOR LOSS OR DAMAGE, WHETHER DIRECT,
INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL, WHICH MIGHT ARISE OUT OF THE USE OF SUCH
INFORMATION. THE USE OF ANY SUCH INFORMATION WILL BE ENTIRELY AT THE USER’S RISK.
Date and Revision
August 2005 Revision A
Part Number
975-0253-01-01
Contact Information
Telephone: 34 93 470 5330
Fax:
34 93 473 6093
Email:
Web:
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About This Manual
The purpose of this Owner’s Manual is to provide explanations and procedures for
installing, operating, maintaining, and troubleshooting the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar
Inverter™.
Scope
The manual provides safety guidelines, detailed planning and setup information. It
provides procedures for installing the inverter and information about operating
and troubleshooting the unit. It does not provide details about particular brands of
photovoltaic (PV) panels. You need to consult individual PV manufacturers for
this information.
Audience
The manual is intended for anyone who needs to install and operate the GT
Inverter. Installers should be fully educated on the hazards of installing electrical
equipment. Certified electricians or technicians are recommended.
Organization
This manual is organized into 6 chapters and an appendix.
Chapter 2, “Installation”, provides information about planning for and installing
Chapter 3, “Wiring the Inverter”, provides procedures for making DC and AC
includes information about communications wiring and using GT-View
Chapter 6, “Maintenance and Troubleshooting”, contains information about how to
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About This Manual
Conventions Used
The following conventions are used in this guide.
WARNING
Warnings identify conditions that could result in personal injury or loss of life.
CAUTION
Cautions identify conditions or practices that could result in damage to the unit or other
equipment.
Important: These notes describe things that are important for you to know, but not as
serious as a caution or warning.
Abbreviations Used
GT
Grid Tie
LCD
Liquid Crystal Display
Light Emitting Diode
Maximum Power Point Tracking
Maximum Output Power
LED
MPPT
PMAX
PNOM
Nominal Output Power
PC
Personal Computer
Photovoltaic
PV
STC
Vac
Vdc
VMP
VOC
Standard Test Condition
Volts AC
Volts DC
Voltage at Maximum Power
Open Circuit Voltage
VSC
UPV
Short Circuit Voltage
PV Array DC Voltage
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About This Manual
Symbols Used
Alternating Current (AC)
Direct Current (DC)
In this guide: Important information, warnings, or cautions.
On the product: Important information, warnings or cautions with further
explanation in the product guide.
Caution, risk of electric shock.
FOR AUTHORIZED SERVICE PERSONNEL: Before opening cover,
disconnect DC and AC power and wait 30 minutes to allow internal voltages
to reach safe levels.
NOTE: there are no user-serviceable parts inside.
Refer to the operating instructions.
Related Information
You can find more information about Xantrex Technology Inc. as well as its
products and services at www.xantrex.com
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Important Safety Instructions
SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS—This manual contains important instructions that shall be followed
during the installation and maintenance of the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter.
1. Before installing and using the GT Inverter, read all instructions and cautionary markings on the
inverter and in all appropriate sections of this guide.
2. To reduce risk of fire hazard, do not cover or obstruct the heat sink.
3. Observe the clearance recommendations as described on page 2–12. Do not install the GT Inverter in a
zero-clearance or non-ventilated compartment. Overheating may result.
4. Use only accessories recommended or sold by the manufacturer. Doing otherwise may result in a risk
of fire, electric shock, or injury to persons.
5. To avoid a risk of fire and electric shock, make sure that existing wiring is in good condition and that
wire is not undersized. Do not operate the GT Inverter with damaged or substandard wiring.
6. Do not operate the GT Inverter if it has received a sharp blow, been dropped, or otherwise damaged in
any way. If the GT Inverter is damaged, see the Warranty section.
7. Do not disassemble the GT Inverter. It contains no user-serviceable parts. See Warranty for instructions
on obtaining service. Attempting to service the GT Inverter yourself may result in a risk of electrical
shock or fire and will void the factory warranty.
8. To reduce the risk of electrical shock, disconnect both AC and DC power from the GT Inverter before
attempting any maintenance or cleaning or working on any circuits connected to the inverter. Turning
off controls will not reduce this risk. Internal capacitors remain charged for up to 30 minutes after
disconnecting all sources of power.
9. The GT Inverter must be provided with an equipment-grounding conductor connected to the AC
ground.
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Safety
Regulatory Compliance
The GT Inverter is CE Marked for the following Directives and standards:
•
Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC, per EN50178 “Electronic Equipment for Use in Power
Installations”.
•
EMC Directive 89/336/EEC, per:
•
EN61000-6-3 “Emission Standard for Residential, Commercial, and Light-Industrial
Environments”
•
•
•
EN61000-6-1 “Immunity for Residential, Commercial, and Light-Industrial Environments”
EN61000-3-2 “Limits for Harmonic Current Emissions”
EN61000-3-3 “Limitations of Voltage Fluctuations and Flicker”.
The GT Inverter is designed for utility interactive operation. It has complete on-board over-current, over-
temperature and anti-islanding protection. It monitors voltage and frequency of the utility grid and
automatically stops supplying power whenever conditions on the utility grid deviate from standard levels
(see Specifications).
The GT Inverter is equipped with a high frequency transformer that assures galvanic isolation between the
DC side and the utility power grid.
German models have an integrated ENS and comply with the VDE 0126 regulations for supplementary
grid connection, especially to the “regulation for the supplementary grid feeding with photovoltaic
electricity producing facilities to the low voltage power supply grid” issued by the VDEW.
Spanish models comply with Royal Decree 1663/2000, dated on September 29, regarding the connection
of photovoltaic installations to the low tension network.
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Important Safety Instructions- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -vii
About the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–2
Installation Options - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–2
Multiple Inverter Installations - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–2
Inverter Location - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–4
PV Array Requirements - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–5
Routing the Wires - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–8
Wiring - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–9
AC and DC Disconnects - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–9
Mounting the Inverter - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–10
Overview - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–10
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Contents
Connecting Network Cable between Inverters - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -3–12
Communications Wiring for Monitoring a Single Inverter - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -3–12
Commissioning Procedure - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–2
Disconnect Test - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–3
Monitoring the Front Panel Display- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–2
Front Panel Display Screens and What They Mean - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–3
Startup Mode - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–3
Normal Operation Mode - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–3
Offline Mode - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–5
Fault Mode - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–7
Special Screens - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–8
Custom Screens - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–9
Factors Affecting GT Inverter Performance - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6–2
PV Array Factors - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6–2
Other Factors - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6–3
Performing General Maintenance - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6–3
Identifying Error/Fault Conditions and Solutions- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6–4
Electrical Specifications - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–2
Input - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–2
Adjustable Disconnect Settings - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–3
Efficiency - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–5
User Display - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–6
Warranty and Return Information - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - WA–1
Index - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - IX–1
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Figures
Figure 1-1 Basic System Overview - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–2
Figure 1-2 Main Features of the GT Inverter- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–3
Figure 2-1 Installation Options Overview - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–3
Figure 2-2 GT Inverter mounting orientation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–5
Figure 2-3 Installation Overview- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–10
Figure 2-4 GT Inverter Dimensions- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–11
Figure 2-5 Mounting Bracket and GT Inverter - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–12
Figure 2-6 Examples of Mounting on a Pole or Rails - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–14
Figure 2-7 Installing the Mounting Bracket using Plywood Support - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–15
Figure 2-8 Proper Placement of the Inverter on the Mounting Bracket - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–16
Figure 3-1 PV Quick Connect Location - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–2
Figure 3-2 DC Connections for a Two-String PV Array - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–4
Figure 3-3 AC Connector (female) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–6
Figure 3-4 AC Connector Terminals - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–6
Figure 3-5 Improper multiple inverter connections- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–7
Figure 3-6 Daisy Chain Layout- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–8
Figure 3-7 Male Network Terminator - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–9
Figure 3-8 Location of Xanbus RJ45 Ports - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–9
Figure 3-9 RJ45 Connector - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–10
Figure 3-10 Replacing the Comm Port Cover - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–12
Figure 3-11 GT-View Display - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–13
Figure 3-12 GT-View Options - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–14
Figure 5-1 Front Panel LCD Location - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–2
Figure 5-2 Location of Status Indicator Lights - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–10
Figure A-1 Output Power vs. Ambient Temperature - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -A–4
Figure A-2 Typical Efficiency- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -A–5
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Tables
T568A Standard Wiring- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–10
Startup Screens on GT Inverter Front Panel Display - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–3
Normal Operation Default Screen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–4
Normal Operation Screens for All GT Inverters - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–4
Offline Mode Screens for All GT Inverters - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–6
Table 5-10 Special Message Screens - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–8
Table 5-11 Status Indicator LEDs - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–10
Troubleshooting the GT Inverter - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6–4
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Introduction
1
Chapter 1, “Introduction”, contains information about the features
and functions of the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter.
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Introduction
About the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter
The Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter (GT Inverter) is designed to convert solar
electric (photovoltaic or PV) power into utility-grade electricity that can be used
by the home or sold to the local power company.
Installing the GT Inverter consists of mounting it to the wall and connecting the
simple diagram of a typical installation.
In order to operate, the GT Inverter must have grid power available and connected.
It will not provide backup power if the AC grid fails.
Photovoltaic (PV) Panels—
Photovoltaic(PV)
PV Array
Panel s – PV Ar r ay
Surplus power routed
Utility
to Utility Grid
Met er
Utility Grid
UtilityGrid
Harvested solar
energy
Harvested solar energy
Surplus power routed to
Utility Meter
UtilityGrid
DCconverted to
DC converted to AC
AC
Main Utility
MainUtility
Service Panel
Service Panel
Grid Tie Solar Inverter
Xantrex GT Inverter
Xantrex GTInverter
Loads
Figure 1-1 Basic System Overview
1–2
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About the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter
PV compatibility
The GT Inverter is designed to take advantage of solar modules configured as high
voltage PV string arrays—single crystalline, poly crystalline, or thin film—with a
195 to 550 Vdc input voltage Maximum Power Point range.
Maximum Power
Point Tracking
(MPPT)
The GT Inverter uses Xantrex proprietary Maximum Power Point Tracking
(MPPT) technology to harvest the maximum amount of energy from the solar
array. MPPT learns your array’s specific characteristics, maximizing its output at
all times.
High efficiency
Expandable
The high-frequency, solid-state design of the GT Inverter is extremely efficient—
up to 95%.
Multiple GT Inverters may be networked together for increased net metering
capacity or future system growth.
Communications
protocol
The GT Inverter uses the Xanbus® communications protocol, enabling it to
communicate with multiple units connected within the system. For more
Standard Features
The GT Inverter has the following standard features:
•
Sealed inverter (IP54) and external heat sink to protect power electronic
components
•
•
Quick-connect AC and DC connections
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) to provide easy-to-read system status and daily
cumulative energy production information
•
Two LED indicator lights to provide status and ground fault indication.
Heat sink
LCD
LED indicator lights
DC and AC quick-connects
Communication ports cover
Mounting slots (five in total)
Figure 1-2 Main Features of the GT Inverter
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Installation
2
Chapter 2, “Installation”, provides information about planning for and
installing the GT Inverter. It contains information to help you plan
wire routes, ensure your PV array provides necessary power, and find
a suitable location for installation.
The topics in this chapter are organized as follows:
•
•
•
•
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Installation
Installation Options
The GT Inverter may be installed as a single inverter for a single PV array of one
or two PV strings, or in a multiple inverter configuration for multiple PV arrays
Single Inverter Installation
In this configuration, a single inverter collects the harvested solar energy and
routes the power to the main utility service panel and the utility grid.
Multiple Inverter Installations
If multiple inverters are used, each inverter must be wired to an independent PV
array. In this configuration, each inverter collects the harvested solar energy from
a separate PV array and routes the power to the main utility service panel and the
utility grid.
Communications between inverters is optional, but can be enabled by installing
communications cabling to the inverter RJ45 ports. See “Connecting Network
Planning the Installation
The following issues need to be considered when planning for an installation
using the GT Inverter. See the specified sections for more information.
•
•
•
•
Ensure that you have obtained all permits required by local authorities or utilities
before commencing installation.
2–2
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Planning the Installation
Utility Gri d
Single Inverter Installation
Surplus power routed
Utility
Xant rex
GT I n ver t er
to Utility Grid
Meter
MainUtility Service
DC converted
Pan el
to AC
Phot ovoltaic Panels - PVArray
Utility Grid
Surpl us power routed to
UtilityGrid
Utility Meter
PV String#1
Harvested solar energy
Loads
Harvested sol ar energy
DCconverted
toAC
Gr id Tie S olar In vert er
PV St ri ng #2
Po
Main Utility
Xantrex GT Inverter
Photovoltaic (PV) Panels—
PV Array
Service Panel
Utility Grid
Multiple Inverter Installation
PV Array #2
PV Ar r ay #1
Harvested solar energy
Surplus power routed
Utility
to Utility Grid
Meter
Har vested sol ar
energy
Xantrex GTInverters
MainUtility Service
Pan el
DC converted
to AC
Utility Grid
Surplus power routed to
Utility MeterUtilityGrid
Photovoltai c Panel s:
MultiplePVArrays
Photovoltaic Panels—
Multiple PV Arrays
DCconverted
toAC
Loads
Harvested sol ar energy
Harvested
solar energy
Power routed to loads
Gri
d
T
ie So lar Inver ter
Gr id Tie Sol ar I nvert er
Main Utility
Service Panel
GT Inverter #1
GT Inverter #1
GT Inverter #2
GT Inverter #2
DCconverted to AC
DC converted to AC
PV Array #1
PV Ar r ay #2
Figure 2-1 Installation Options Overview
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Installation
Inverter Location
WARNING: Burn hazard
Do not install in a location where people can accidentally come into contact with the front
of the inverter. High temperatures can be present on the face of the inverter, causing a
potential burn hazard.
In extreme conditions, the GT Inverter chassis can reach temperatures that can cause skin
burns if accidentally touched. Ensure that the GT Inverter is located away from normal
traffic areas.
Inverter failure due to improper installation will void the inverter warranty.
Consider the following when determining where to install the inverter.
•
Do not install anywhere near combustible or flammable materials such
Fire Safety
as wooden cabinets and furniture, or stored fuels and solvents.
•
•
The GT Inverter can be mounted indoors or outdoors. When installed
outdoors, the GT Inverter must be mounted in a vertical orientation.
In outdoor installations the GT Inverter should be located away from
lawn sprinklers and other sources of spray.
Indoor/
Outdoor
•
The GT Inverter must be mounted vertically (with DC and AC
Orientation
Temperature
•
•
Ensure that the GT Inverter is mounted in a location where the
ambient temperature range is -25 to 65 °C (-13 to 149 °F).
At extreme hot or cold temperatures, the front panel LCD may not
function normally. At higher temperatures, the unit may derate power.
•
Outdoors, the GT Inverter requires at least 100 cm (39 inches) of
clearance between the bottom of the unit and the ground. This
clearance helps prevent water from splashing onto the bottom of the
unit.
Ground
Clearance
•
•
Indoors, it is recommended to use the same clearance to ensure
visibility of the LCD.
To minimize copper losses, ensure that wire lengths between the PV
array and the GT Inverter and between the inverter and the Main
Utility Service Panel are kept to a minimum.
Distance
•
•
Maximum distances will depend on wire gauges used and PV array
output voltages.
Excessive debris (such as dust, leaves, and cobwebs) can accumulate
on the unit, interfering with wiring connections and ventilation. Do
not install in a location where debris can accumulate (such as under a
tree).
Debris free
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Planning the Installation
Figure 2-2 GT Inverter mounting orientation
PV Array Requirements
WARNING: Shock hazard
Whenever a PV array is exposed to sunlight, a shock hazard exists at the output wires or
exposed terminals. To reduce the risk of shock during installation, cover the array with an
opaque (dark) material before making any connections.
General Recommendations
It is important that the PV array is installed correctly to the manufacturer’s
specifications and to local code requirements.
Equipment and Installation Recommendations
Important: The PV array should be free of shade. This requirement includes even
small obstructions such as antennas, chimneys, and power lines. As well, be aware of
potential obstructions from growing trees and neighboring buildings. A small amount of
shade can have a disproportionately high impact on system performance.
Equipment
recommendations
•
All electrical equipment should be approved for the voltage and current
ratings necessary for the application.
•
•
•
All wiring should be sized correctly to minimize voltage drop.
All exposed wires or conduits should be sunlight resistant.
All required overcurrent protections should be included in the system and
accessible for maintenance.
Installation
recommendations
•
•
•
All electrical terminations should be fully tightened, secured, and strain
relieved as appropriate.
All mounting equipment should be installed according to the manufacturer’s
specifications.
All wires, conduit, exposed conductors and electrical boxes should be secured
and supported according to code requirements.
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Installation
Voltage and MPPT Requirements
MPPT operational
window
The MPPT software maximizes the output energy of solar arrays as long as the
operating voltage is within the MPPT operational window. Ensure that the PV
array used in the system operates within the MPPT operational window.
Effects of array voltages outside of the MPPT operational window are shown in
Table 2-1 MPPT Operational Window
Voltage
Effect of Array Voltage
Inverter Mode
< 195 Vdc
Operating voltage will be shifted to 195 Vdc; Low power
the array will not be at its maximum power
point
195 to 550 Vdc
550 to 600 Vdc
Maximum harvest of solar energy
MPPT window
Power derating
Will not allow maximum harvest of solar
energy
> 600
Will shut down and may cause damage to the Shutdown
inverter; stops selling surplus energy
Voltage
requirements
The maximum power point voltage of a string connected to the GT Inverter should
be a minimum of 195 Vdc. If it is less than 195 Vdc, the inverter will continue to
operate, but it will regulate the PV voltage to 195 V. Because the array will not be
operating at its maximum power point, this may result in lower than expected
energy harvest.
Maximum PV
Power
The solar array should be sized such that its maximum power output does not
exceed the limits of the MPPT operational window (195 to 550 Vdc). See
The array voltage should never exceed 600 VOC (open circuit voltage) under any
thermal condition.
Likewise, ensure that the Isc (short circuit current) rating of the array at any
temperature does not exceed the short circuit current rating of the inverter.
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Planning the Installation
Guidelines for Matching PV Array Size to Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter Input
For determining the number of panels required in the PV string (panels connected
in series), you must ensure that the following three requirements are met:
1. To avoid damage to the inverter, ensure that the PV array output will never
exceed 600 Vdc under any conditions.
2. Do not exceed the maximum array short circuit-current rating marked on the
inverter.
3. To achieve maximum energy harvest from your array, ensure that the VMP
(voltage at maximum power) does not drop below 195 Vdc or increase above
550 Vdc under most conditions.
Guidelines to help you meet these requirements:
•
•
Consider the expected VOC of the string under all possible conditions. The
panel manufacturer provides a VOC rating per panel, but it is usually rated at
25 °C (77 °F). Ensure that the VOC rating at the coldest ambient temperature
does not exceed 600 VOC. Panel voltage increases in cold temperatures—the
panel manufacturer should be able to provide a coefficient of voltage increase
per degree.
Panel voltage decreases in high temperatures. This will affect the panels’
V
MP. Again, the manufacturer’s coefficient must be used with the highest
expected temperature to determine the minimum VMP
.
Once you know the specifications of your panels, all these factors will help
determine the maximum and minimum number of panels that can be used.
Grounding Requirements
WARNING: Shock hazard
The GT Inverter must be grounded by connection to a grounded permanent wiring system.
AC Grounding
DC Grounding
AC grounding is governed by local codes. Consult the local utility for specific
grounding requirements.
The GT Inverter is designed to work with ungrounded PV arrays.
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Installation
Lightning Protection
Reduce the risk of lightning damage by using a single-point grounding system. In
this system, all ground lines terminate at the same point. This point normally is the
main utility ground installed by the utility company to provide a ground for the
house wiring. This ground usually consists of a copper rod driven 1.5 to 2.5
meters (6 to 8 feet) into the earth.
Routing the Wires
Typical
configurations
Determine all wire routes to and from the GT Inverter. Typical routing
configurations include:
•
AC wiring from the GT Inverter to the main utility service panel
DC input wiring from the PV array to the GT Inverter
•
All wiring and installation methods should conform to applicable electrical and
building codes.
For all installations, local utilities may have additional requirements.
WARNING: Shock hazard
Check for existing electrical or plumbing prior to drilling holes in the walls.
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Preparing for the Installation
Preparing for the Installation
Ensure your local utility is consulted for any requirements for connecting to or
returning power to the grid. Obtain all permits necessary to complete the
installation. Consult your local and national electrical codes for more information.
Important: In this manual “wiring” and “wires” are used in reference to both AC and
DC wiring/cabling and wires/cables.
Wiring
Wire size and length will be determined by the location of each component and
their relative distance to each other. Wire sizes may also be affected by whether or
not conduit is used.
Important: Wire size should be based on the maximum power rating of the inverter.
Ensure that wiring is not undersized. Undersized wiring can result in significant power
losses and reduction in system efficiency.
AC Circuit Breaker Requirements
The main utility service panel must dedicate a double pole breaker for each
inverter installed. This breaker must be capable of handling the rated maximum
output voltage and current of the inverter (see “Electrical Specifications” on
page A–2).
AC and DC Disconnects
Depending on the installation, external AC and/or DC disconnects may be
required, and they may need to be in a location easily accessible to utility or fire
personnel. Consult local codes and authorities for additional information.
WARNING: Shock hazard
Never connect or disconnect the PV modules from the GT Inverter under load (by pulling
the PV quick connects before disconnecting the grid). Always disconnect the GT Inverter
from the grid first.
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Installation
Mounting the Inverter
Overview
WARNING: Fire, shock and energy hazards
Before installing the GT Inverter, read all instructions and cautionary markings located in
this manual, on the PV array, and on the main service panel.
General installation
steps
Installing of the GT Inverter includes these main steps:
1. Mounting the GT Inverter and installing accessories (this chapter)
2. Making the DC connections from the PV array to the GT Inverter
3. Making the AC connections from the GT Inverter to the main utility service
Figure 2-3 summarizes these steps.
PV Array
2
600 Vdc
Open Circuit
Maximum
Utility Grid
Utility Meter
3
Phase
Neutral
Protective Earth
1
Grid Tie Sola r Inve rter
Main Utility
Xantrex GT Inverter
Service Panel
Figure 2-3 Installation Overview
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Mounting the Inverter
This chapter describes the first step: mounting the inverter and installing
accessories.
Mounting steps
Instructions for mounting the GT Inverter are described in the following sections:
•
•
Tools and Materials Needed
•
•
•
•
Assorted screwdrivers, drill, etc.
Level
Mounting support material, such as plywood or poles
Wood screws, anchors for screws, depending on mounting surface.
Dimensions
40.3 cm
15.9"
14.6 cm
5.7"
52.1 cm
20.5"
55.1 cm
21.7"
59.7 cm
23.5"
Flange and
Mounting Slots
Communication
ports cover
10.2 cm
4"
Figure 2-4 GT Inverter Dimensions
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Installation
Installing the Mounting Bracket
The mounting bracket for the GT Inverter allows the unit to be easily mounted and
removed for servicing. It has one hook that matches a corresponding hook on the
back side of the inverter.
Mounting flanges
23.8 cm
9.4"
18.3 cm
7.2"
Rectangular slots × 8:
8 mm × 30 mm (5/16" × 1-3/16")
Mounting slots for securing the inverter
Figure 2-5 Mounting Bracket and GT Inverter
Clearance Requirements
For optimal and safe operation, ensure there is adequate clearance around the
mounting. If clearances are less than these recommendations are used, additional
power reduction may occur at high ambient temperatures.
Table 2-2 Inverter Clearance Requirements
Location
Above
Minimum Clearance
30 cm (12 inches)
Outdoors:
Below:
•
•
Inverter
Bracket
•
•
100 cm (39 inches)
130 cm (51 inches)
Indoors: the same clearances are recommended but not required.
In front
Sufficient room to allow for easy access to read the display and to prevent
accidental contact with hot surface.
On sides
Units can be mounted side by side with no clearance between them, but
15 cm (6 inches) of clearance around the outermost two units is
recommended. In hot climates, some clearance between units may be
needed to prevent thermal derating.
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Mounting the Inverter
WARNING: Shock hazard
Before drilling holes to mount the GT Inverter, ensure there are no electrical wires or
plumbing in this area.
WARNING: Personal injury
The GT Inverter weighs approximately 19 kg (41 lb). Always use proper lifting
techniques during installation to prevent personal injury.
WARNING: Explosion hazard
Do not store combustible or flammable materials anywhere near the inverter.
Surfaces for Mounting
The GT Inverter weighs approximately 19 kg (41 lb). The supporting surface must
be strong enough to handle 75 kg (160 lb). If the supporting surface is not strong
enough to handle that weight, then supporting material such as a sheet of plywood
can be used to enhance the strength of the mounting surface.
The GT Inverter can be mounted to a vertical surface such as wallboard, wood
siding, concrete wall or pole assembly.
Mounting on poles
or rails
•
is a minimum of 100 cm (39 inches) from the ground if mounted outdoors.
Mounting to
wallboard with
support
•
•
Installation onto wallboard requires either the use of a supporting material
such as plywood or securing the mounting screws to supporting wall studs.
Use at least two screws and anchors to secure the unit to the supporting
material.
Mounting to siding
using wall studs
If mounting to exterior siding using a wall stud for support, the plywood
backing will not be needed. Use at least two lag screws to secure the unit to
the supporting material. Ensure the screws enter the stud at least 4 cm
(1.5 inches) to adequately support the weight of the unit. After securing the
bracket, the screws or bolts and washers should protrude no more than 6 mm
(1/4 inch) from the bracket surface.
Mounting to
concrete surface
•
If mounting the unit on a concrete surface using anchors with no supporting
material, use four screws and anchors, instead of two, to adequately secure the
unit and distribute the weight.
Important: Other than the mounting bracket, no mounting hardware is supplied with
the GT Inverter. It is recommended to use 6 mm (1/4 inch) diameter fasteners. However,
because mounting surfaces can vary, installers must select appropriate hardware for each
installation.
Important: Local codes may impose additional mounting requirements in earthquake
or other high-risk areas.
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Installation
Mounting on Poles or Rails
To mount the unit using poles:
1. Ensure that poles or rails are securely assembled in place. If using horizontal
rails, two rails are required: one for the mounting bracket and another for
2. Connect the mounting bracket vertically to the pole or rail:
•
•
Be sure to use at least two bolts to secure the bracket to the support.
Position the lower edge of the bracket a minimum of 130 cm (51 inches)
above the floor or ground.
•
Position the top edge of the bracket a minimum of 34 cm (13.5 inches)
below any ceiling or roof.
3. If using a single vertical pole, ensure that the inverter is secure and unable to
rotate around the pole.
34 cm
Mounting Bracket
(13.5”)
At least 2 bolts to
46 cm
secure bracket to
(18”)
poles/rails.
130 cm
For securing
(51”)
the bottom of
the inverter
100 cm
(39”)
Ground/Floor
Figure 2-6 Examples of Mounting on a Pole or Rails
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Mounting the Inverter
Mounting on Wallboard, Siding or Concrete
To mount the GT Inverter to wallboard, siding, or concrete:
1. Locate the area where the GT Inverter is to be installed.
2. Install backing support material if required.
34 cm (13.5”)
≥16.5 cm (6.5")
Atleast 2 screws
with washers to
secure bracket
to plywood
130 cm (51")
130 cm (51")
Ground/floor
Single GT Inverter
Ground/floor
Multiple GT Inverters
Figure 2-7 Installing the Mounting Bracket using Plywood Support
3. Using a level, place the mounting bracket against the wall surface so that the
bottom edge of the bracket is at least 130 cm (51 inches) above the ground.
Position the top edge of the bracket a minimum of 34 cm (13.5 inches) below
4. Mark the location for mounting screws if using a wall stud for support. At
least four mounting screws and anchors are needed for concrete installations
or wallboard installations where no wall studs are available for support.
5. Remove the bracket and drill the holes using an appropriately sized drill bit.
Drill appropriately sized holes for screws or anchors.
6. Secure the bracket to the supporting surface using at least two screws and
washers.
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Installation
Mounting the Inverter on the Bracket
Before mounting the inverter, it is recommended to remove the communication
ports cover. With the cover removed, you can access all the mounting slots along
the bottom flange.
Mounting a Single Inverter
To mount the inverter on the mounting bracket:
1. Place the GT Inverter’s mounting hook, located on the back of the enclosure,
over the bracket and ensure the inverter is seated properly, as shown in
2. After the unit is correctly seated on the bracket hook, locate the mounting
slots at the bottom of the unit, and mark the location on the wall for securing
screws.
3. Remove the inverter and drill pilot holes in the wallboard or siding for the
securing screws.
4. Reinstall the GT Inverter on the bracket and secure the bottom of the unit with
appropriate screws or anchors, and tighten.
Ensure the inverter is
seated properly on the
mounting bracket
Slide the mounting hooks on the inverter
over the hooks on the mounting bracket.
flange with
mounting slots
130 cm (51")
100 cm (39")
Figure 2-8 Proper Placement of the Inverter on the Mounting Bracket
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Wiring the Inverter
3
Chapter 3, “Wiring the Inverter”, provides procedures for making DC
and AC wiring connections for single and multiple inverter
installations. This chapter also includes information about
communications wiring and using GT-View monitoring software.
The topics in this chapter are organized as follows:
•
•
•
•
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Wiring the Inverter
Connecting the DC Wiring
The GT Inverter is equipped with four PV quick connects (two positive, two
negative) for connecting up to two PV strings.
PV positive (+)
Multi-Contact connector
PV negative (–)
Multi-Contact connector
AC quick connect
Figure 3-1 PV Quick Connect Location
WARNING: Shock hazard
Whenever a PV array is exposed to sunlight, a shock hazard exists at the output wires or
exposed terminals. Cover the PV arrays with opaque material before commencing any
wiring.
WARNING: Shock hazard
Before wiring the GT Inverter, ensure the main breaker in the primary utility breaker box
is switched OFF. Switch this breaker ON only after all wiring is completed as instructed in
the procedures.
CAUTION: Equipment damage
Improper wiring may cause permanent damage to the GT Inverter. Take special care to
ensure the positive (+) and negative (–) wires from a single array connect to the same
inverter.
Equipment Needed
•
Conduit for wire runs and appropriate fittings/bushings
Wire cutters/wire crimpers/wire strippers
Digital Voltmeter
•
•
•
Frequency counter (optional, for troubleshooting).
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Connecting the DC Wiring
Female and male DC cable connectors to mate with the Multi-Contact
•
connectors PV-ADSP3/GWD (positive) and PV-ADBP3/GWD (negative) on
the GT Inverter. You will need two connectors (one female and one male) for
each PV string (you can connect up to two PV strings to the GT Inverter).
Connecting the PV Array
PV string, label the positive and negative wire pairs appropriately (for example:
PV 1, PV 2).
To wire the PV array to the GT Inverter:
1. If necessary, install DC conduit from the PV string(s) to the GT Inverter.
2. Terminate the wires coming from the PV string(s) with appropriate
Multi-Contact connectors.
CAUTION: Equipment damage
Before connecting the PV array to the inverter, check to ensure correct polarity and that
the voltage between the positive (+) and negative (–) is below 600 Vdc (UPV≤600 Vdc).
To check the PV array DC voltage:
1. Uncover the PV arrays and expose them to full sunlight. The sunlight must be intense
enough to produce the required output voltage.
2. Measure the PV array open circuit DC voltage across the DC positive (+) and negative
(–) terminals. This voltage must be less than 600 Vdc. Voltage over 600 Vdc will damage
the inverter.
3. Cover the PV arrays with an opaque material again.
3. Connect the POSITIVE (+) wire from the #1 PV string to a GT Inverter PV
positive (+) quick connect.
4. Connect the NEGATIVE (–) wire from the #1 PV string to a GT Inverter PV
negative (–) quick connect.
5. If necessary, repeat for the #2 PV string. Double check that the wires are in
the proper locations.
If only one PV string connection is used, cover the unused PV quick connects
with the seals provided.
WARNING: Shock hazard
Never connect or disconnect the PV modules from the GT Inverter under load (by pulling
the PV quick connects before disconnecting the grid). Always disconnect the GT Inverter
from the grid first.
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Wiring the Inverter
PV Array
–
+
PV String #2
–
+
PV String #1
Xantrex GT Inverter
Figure 3-2 DC Connections for a Two-String PV Array
Important: Depending upon installation and local codes, fusing and/or a combiner
box may be required. The installer must provide this equipment.
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Connecting the AC Wiring
Connecting the AC Wiring
WARNING: Shock hazard
AC utility wiring to the GT Inverter unit is performed directly at the main breaker panel.
This should be done only by a qualified installer or electrician.
WARNING: Shock hazard
Before wiring the GT Inverter, ensure the main breaker in the primary utility breaker box
is switched OFF. Switch this breaker ON only after all wiring is completed as instructed in
the procedures.
The GT Inverter can be connected to a single bi-directional meter, or to dual
meters, where one meter indicates power used and the second meter indicates
power sold (power supplied back to the utility). Consult the local utility to
determine the proper components to install, and obtain any permits required prior
to installation.
The GT Inverter must be connected to the utility with three wires—one phase, one
neutral, and one protective earth (ground).
Making AC Connections Using Quick Connects
The GT Inverter is equipped with a quick connect for making AC connections. To
make AC connections using the quick connect, you must first prepare the wiring
between your utility panel and the GT Inverter.
You will need:
•
•
Wire strippers
Small (3 mm or less) slot-head screwdriver
Preparing the wires
The AC wiring from the utility panel must be terminated with a Binder Female
cable connector (Binder Series 693 part number 99-4222-14-04) before being
connected to the AC quick connect on the GT Inverter.
To prepare the AC wiring:
1. If necessary, strip 1 cm (3/8 inch) of insulation on the three wires from the
utility panel.
2. Unscrew the female terminal from the casing of the female cable connector.
3. Unscrew the other components of the female cable connector.
4. Run the wires through the pressing screw, pinch ring, seal, and shell of the
female cable connector.
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Wiring the Inverter
5. On the female terminal, connect the protective earth wire to the terminal
6. Connect the neutral wire to the terminal marked with 1.
7. Connect the Phase L wire to the terminal marked with 2.
Terminal 3 is not used.
8. After ensuring all the wires are tightened in their terminals, screw the casing
onto the female terminal.
9. Replace the remaining components of the female cable connector, ensuring a
tight seal.
10. Tighten the pressing screw.
Pinch ring
Seal
ACconnectorterminals
Shell
Female terminal
Pressing screw
Outer ring
Notch
Figure 3-3 AC Connector (female)
Phase L wire
Not used
Protective Earth
(ground) wire
Neutral wire
Figure 3-4 AC Connector Terminals
Connecting to the GT Inverter
To connect the AC connector to the GT Inverter:
1. Line up the notch on the female AC cable connector with the connector on the
GT Inverter.
2. Insert the AC cable connector into the connector on the GT Inverter.
3. Secure the connector by turning the outer ring.
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Connecting Multiple Inverters
Connecting Multiple Inverters
For installations with multiple inverters, a separate PV array is required for each
GT Inverter unit. The output of each GT Inverter feeds a separate dual-pole circuit
breaker in the main utility service panel.
When connecting multiple inverters, complete the wiring and perform the
commissioning procedure for each inverter one at a time. For wiring instructions,
WARNING: Shock hazard and equipment failure
If inverters “share” more than one PV array, an input current difference of over 1 A
between arrays can cause short circuit failure in each inverter. This failure will also
generate hazardous voltages around each unit.
In multiple inverter installations, it is very important to ensure each inverter is correctly
connected to its own PV array(s) and that no wires are crossed. For example, connect PV1
positive (+) and PV1 negative (–) to inverter 1 and PV2 positive (+) and PV2 negative (–)
to inverter 2.
Do not connect PV1 positive (+) and PV2 negative (–) to inverter 1 and PV2 positive (+)
–
–
+
PV Array #1
PV Array #2
+
GT Inverter #2
GT Inverter #1
Figure 3-5 Improper multiple inverter connections
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Wiring the Inverter
Communications Wiring for Multiple Inverters
Communications wiring between multiple GT Inverters allows information about
each inverter and its associated PV array to be communicated between all of the
inverters in the system. Information about the entire system can be displayed on
any inverter LCD in the system.
For example, in a two-inverter system, if inverter #1 is producing 1500 W and
inverter #2 is producing 2000 W, both inverters display a total system power of
3500 W. The cumulative energy produced by both inverters that day is also
displayed.
You can still view information for an individual inverter in a system. See “To view
Without communications wiring, each inverter in a system displays information
only for the unit and its associated PV array.
Xanbus Network Technology
GT Inverters are Xanbus-enabled devices. They use Xanbus (a communications
protocol developed by Xantrex) to communicate with other GT Inverters.
Network connections between inverters are laid out in a “daisy chain” pattern,
with each device on the network linked with separate lengths of cable, as shown in
For more information on installing a Xanbus network, see the Xanbus System
Xanbus-enabled
Device 1
Xanbus-enabled
Device 2
Xanbus-enabled
Device 3
Terminator
Terminator
Figure 3-6 Daisy Chain Layout
CAUTION: Equipment damage
Connect only Xanbus-enabled devices.
Although the cabling and connectors used in this network system are the same as ethernet
connectors, this network is not an ethernet system. Equipment damage may result from
attempting to connect Xanbus to different systems.
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Communications Wiring for Multiple Inverters
Terminators
ensure the communication signal quality on the network. Your GT Inverter comes
with one network terminator pre-installed.
Figure 3-7 Male Network Terminator
GT Inverter Xanbus
ports
Two RJ45 ports are provided on the GT Inverter for making network connections.
Binder AC connector
Multi-Contact DC connectors
RS-232 port (used to connect a PC to
RJ11 ports
(not used)
RJ45
Xanbus ports
Figure 3-8 Location of Xanbus RJ45 Ports
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Wiring the Inverter
Cabling Requirements
CAUTION: Equipment damage
Do not use crossover cable in a Xanbus system.
The network uses Category 5 (CAT 5) cable, a standard cable available from any
computer supply store. The cable consists of eight conductors in four twisted pairs
the arrangements of wire colors to pin numbers for the T568A standard.
Table 3-1 T568A Standard Wiring
Pin Number Conductor Name CAT 5 Cable Insulation Color
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
NET_S
NET_S
NET_C
CAN_L
CAN_H
NET_C
NET_S
NET_C
White/Green
Green
White/Orange
Blue
White/Blue
Orange
White/Brown
Brown
RJ45 Connector Requirements
connector is suitable for cost-sensitive applications and is easily installed. The
RJ45 connector should be a modular plug, 8-position, 8-contact for round,
stranded, unshielded cable.
Figure 3-9 RJ45 Connector
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Communications Wiring for Multiple Inverters
Purchasing Network Components
Consult your system designer to determine what network components will be
components and part numbers. Pre-made cables are available in standard lengths
from 3 feet to 75 feet.
network components.
Table 3-2 Network Components and Part Numbers
Network Component
Part Number
809-0901
809-0935
809-0936
809-0937
809-0938
809-0939
809-0940
809-0941
809-0942
Network termination — Male (2 per pack)
Network cable 3 ft. (0.9 m)
Network cable 5 feet (1.5 m)
Network cable 7 feet (2.0 m)
Network cable 10 feet (3.0 m)
Network cable 14 feet (4.3 m)
Network cable 25 feet (7.6 m)
Network cable 50 feet (15.2 m)
Network cable 75 feet (22.9 m)
Guidelines for Routing the Network Cables
WARNING: Shock hazard
Do not route the network cables in the same conduit or panel as the AC and DC power
cabling.
:
To ensure maximum performance of your network, follow these guidelines when
routing the network cables. Route the cables before installing Xanbus-enabled
devices.
•
Route the cables away from sharp edges that might damage the insulation.
Avoid sharp bends in the cable—no less than a 10 cm (4 inch) radius.
•
•
•
Allow for some slack in the cable tension.
Keep the alignment of wire pairs inside the sheath as straight as possible.
Allow separation between data and power cables (data cables should only
cross a power cable at right angles).
•
Do not staple the cable with metal cable staples. Use the appropriate hardware
fasteners to avoid damage to the cable.
CAUTION: Unpredictable device behavior
Do not connect one end of the network to the other to make a ring or loop.
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Wiring the Inverter
Connecting Network Cable between Inverters
This procedure assumes only two inverters are installed. However, there can be up
to ten inverters wired in this configuration.
To provide communication between multiple inverters:
1. Connect the network cable to an empty RJ45 port in Inverter #1.
2. Pass the cable through the cable clamp on the comm port cover of Inverter #1.
3. Pass the cable between Inverter #1 and Inverter #2, securing the cable
appropriately.
4. Pass the cable through the cable clamp on the comm port cover of Inverter #2.
5. Connect the network cable to an empty RJ45 port in Inverter #2.
6. For more than two inverters, continue connecting cable as described above.
7. If not already installed, insert male network terminators into the empty RJ45
ports in the inverters at the beginning and end of the network.
After connecting network cables and inserting terminators, there should be no
empty RJ45 ports in any connected inverter.
8. After completing network cabling, replace the comm port covers on all units.
Cable clamp
Figure 3-10 Replacing the Comm Port Cover
Communications Wiring for Monitoring a Single Inverter
You can view GT Inverter operational data on a personal computer using the
Xantrex GT Solar Inverter Viewer (“GT-View”), which you can download free of
To use GT-View, you must connect your computer’s serial port to the GT Inverter
RS-232 cable
requirements
To connect your computer to the GT Inverter, you must use a serial DB9 “straight
through” cable.
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Communications Wiring for Multiple Inverters
The RS-232 connector on the GT is configured as follows:
•
•
•
Pin 2: transmit
Pin 3: received
Pin 5: ground.
All other pins are unused.
To connect a single GT Inverter to a personal computer:
1. With DC and AC power disconnected from the inverter, remove the comm
port cover.
2. Plug the male end of the serial cable into the GT Inverter RS-232 port.
3. Pass the female end of the serial cable through the cable clamp on the comm
port cover.
4. Replace the comm port cover.
5. Plug the female end of the serial cable into your computer’s serial port.
6. Restore DC and AC power to the inverter.
When power is restored to the GT Inverter, you can run GT-View on your
computer to monitor the inverter’s operation.
Note: In multiple installations, GT-View monitors only the inverter to which the
computer is connected. However, if the inverters are connected with a Xanbus cable,
GT-View will display total system wattage and the accumulated daily energy produced
by all inverters. To monitor multiple inverters, you require multiple DB9 cable
connections (one per inverter) to your computer.
GT-View displays operational data such as power output in AC watts, lifetime
energy produced, and inverter temperature. Data is updated every two seconds
(default setting).
Figure 3-11 GT-View Display
To configure GT-View, right click anywhere in the GT-View display and select
Settings from the pop-up menu. The GT-View Options window will appear.
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Starting the Inverter
4
Chapter 4, “Starting the Inverter”, contains information on starting up
the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter and performing a functional test.
The topics in this chapter are organized as follows:
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Starting the Inverter
Commissioning Procedure
To ensure that each GT Inverter is wired correctly, each inverter should be wired
commissioning procedure. Once a single inverter has been commissioned, it
should be turned off and the wiring and commissioning procedures should be
performed for the next inverter. Repeat in this manner until all the inverters in the
installation have been connected.
Perform this commissioning procedure step-by-step for each GT Inverter
installed. Do not attempt to connect all wires to all inverters and turn on all at the
same time.
CAUTION: Equipment damage
Improper wiring may cause permanent damage to the GT Inverter. Take special care to
ensure the positive (+) and negative (–) wires from a single array connect to the same GT
Inverter.
WARNING: Shock hazard
Hazardous voltages are present from two sources. Use extreme caution during startup
procedure. Before applying power to the GT Inverter, ensure all AC and DC wiring is
correct.
WARNING: Shock hazard
Ensure the protective earth (ground) wire from the inverter is connected to Earth before
applying AC. Failure to do so could result in a shock hazard upon touching the enclosure.
Consult the local utility for specific grounding requirements.
To start the GT Inverter:
1. Ensure the AC breaker is off.
2. Ensure the correct multi-contact PV connectors are firmly plugged into the
GT Inverter as described in “Connecting the DC Wiring” on page 3–2.
3. Ensure the AC quick connect is firmly inserted into the AC connector on the
GT Inverter and the coupling ring is tight.
4. Uncover the PV array and/or close the main DC disconnect switch, if one is
installed.
Ensure the PV array is producing the required output voltage.
5. Connect the utility grid voltage by switching the AC circuit breaker on.
6. Monitor the startup sequence on the front panel LCD.
The GT Inverter starts automatically when it receives DC voltage within the
correct range and it is connected to an acceptable grid.
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Disconnect Test
To monitor the startup sequence on the front panel LCD, check the GT
for five seconds each, and then the “Reconnecting in sss seconds” special
countdown is completed.
7. Run the disconnect test.
Disconnect Test
The disconnect test is designed to verify correct operation of the Xantrex Grid Tie
Solar Inverter both on initial operation and periodically through its life as required
by the utilities. This test ensures that the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter does not
“island” by sending electricity to the utility grid when the local utility has shut off
the grid for repairs, or when the utility wiring is damaged.
When operation of the inverter has been verified and the unit is producing power,
run the disconnect test as described in this procedure.
To run the disconnect test:
1. Switch off the AC circuit for the inverter.
This can be accomplished by switching the breaker on the main panel that
feeds the inverter(s). The disconnect for the home or business may be used as
well.
2. Have someone watch the front panel of the inverter to ensure the green light
on the front of the inverter goes out.
The green light goes out when the AC circuit is switched off, disconnecting
the inverter from the AC grid. The front panel display will show an AC Fault
display, indicating that the AC is out of the operating range.
3. Switch on the AC circuit for the inverter.
The inverter will respond by beginning its countdown. The green light will
remain off. A short time after applying AC, the green light will turn on and
the inverter will begin to send power to the grid. The display will then return
to showing the power being produced and the total kWh produced to date.
4. If you have another GT Inverter to commission, switch off the AC circuit for
the inverter you have just commissioned and tested by switching off the
breaker on the main panel. You can then run the commissioning procedure
and disconnect test on the next inverter.
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Monitoring the Inverter
5
Chapter 5, “Monitoring the Inverter”, contains information for
understanding the LCD screens and the LED indicators.
The topics in this chapter are organized as follows:
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Monitoring the Inverter
Monitoring the Front Panel Display
During startup
During startup, the inverter’s front panel liquid crystal display (LCD, see
During waiting
period
When the protection timer begins, the inverter displays “Reconnecting in sss
During operation
When the protection timer stops, the GT Inverter begins selling power, indicated
by the power output reading in the display (see Table 5-2, “Normal Operation
When the inverter is
offline or there is
fault condition
When the GT Inverter is offline (for example, at night) or a fault condition has
been detected, the LCD shows a message screen to indicate that state. The specific
Important: The values in the front panel LCD are not user adjustable.
Tap Xantrex logo for
backlight/status screens.
Front panel LCD
Figure 5-1 Front Panel LCD Location
Viewing more
information
Additional screens of information about the performance of the GT Inverter can be
displayed by tapping the Xantrex logo on the inverter front panel. This causes the
LCD to cycle through a series of information screens in Normal Operation,
Offline or Fault modes. These are described in detail in the following section,
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Front Panel Display Screens and What They Mean
Front Panel Display Screens and What They Mean
The front panel display shows different message screens during different modes of
operation (Startup, Normal, Offline, and Fault). All single units display a basic set
of message screens; multiple unit systems display additional screens in Normal
Operation and Offline modes.
In addition there are Special message screens that may appear in any operational
mode. All of these message screens are described in more detail in the following
tables.
Startup Mode
During startup, the GT Inverter displays three message screens on its front panel
Table 5-1 Startup Screens on GT Inverter Front Panel Display
Display*
Duration
Description
Xantrex
5 sec.
Startup message 1: Inverter name and model
GT3.0-DE-230
number
Flash = 01.01
..ROM = 01.01
5 sec
5 sec
Startup message 2: Model and revision
numbers for Flash and ROM memory on the GT
Inverter. The ROM revision number applies to
the protection processor.
Vh=253 Vl=195
Fh=51.0 Fl=49.0
Startup message 3: Anti-islanding Utility Grid
trip points.
Vh: high voltage threshold
Vl: low voltage threshold
Fh: high frequency threshold
Fl: low frequency threshold
* all numbers in this and following tables are examples only. Your model,
revision numbers, and performance data will vary.
The protection timer begins its countdown during startup and the “Reconnecting
in sss seconds” screen appears until the timer countdown is complete.
Normal Operation Mode
The LCD on the GT Inverter is refreshed every two seconds, so all readings are
current to within two seconds. There is a default display available at all times, and
a series of additional screens that can be displayed by tapping the Xantrex logo
near the LCD to change the display.
Normal Operation
default display
After the protection timer has completed its countdown and during normal
operation, the GT Inverter displays the normal operation message screen shown in
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Monitoring the Inverter
Table 5-2 Normal Operation Default Screen
Display
Description
Power being produced by the system now.
System 2000W
Today 9.875kWh Cumulative energy produced by the system today.
If there is sufficient energy from the PV array, this screen is displayed
continuously while the system is operating normally. In a multiple unit system
connected by network cables, the power and cumulative energy values displayed
are for the entire system.
During low light conditions when the GT Inverter cannot produce any power, the
Normal Operation default screen flashes alternately (every two seconds) with the
Insufficient Solar Energy screen (see Table 5-10, “Special Message Screens” on
More screens for all
systems
Besides the default normal operation display, more system information messages
can be viewed.
To view more Normal Operation information:
•
Tap the Xantrex logo near the LCD to advance the display to the next screen.
as you tap successively on the unit. They are common to all GT Inverter
systems, no matter how many units are installed.
If you continue to tap the unit, then the LCD continues to cycle through all of the
available normal operation screens. Each screen is displayed for a maximum of
30 seconds. If you do not tap again during that time period, then the LCD
backlight turns off and the display reverts to the default system message screen.
Table 5-3 Normal Operation Screens for All GT Inverters
Tap
Display*
Description
1st time
System 2000W
LCD backlight turns on for better readability
Today 2.500kWh and default Normal Operation screen is
displayed.
2nd time System Lifetime Lifetime energy produced by the GT Inverter
305kWh
system.
3rd time
Time Online
Length of time inverter has been online today, in
Today hh:mm:ss hours (hh), minutes (mm) and seconds (ss).
4th time Array Readings Immediate DC voltage and current readings
350.5V 8.4A
Grid Readings
from the PV array.
5th time
Immediate AC voltage and frequency readings
242.6V 60.0Hz from the Grid.
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Front Panel Display Screens and What They Mean
* In a multiple unit system with network cables properly installed, the system
values displayed are for the entire system. For example, in a two-inverter
system, if inverter #1 is producing 1500 W and inverter #2 is producing
2000 W, both inverters display a total system power of 3500 W. Time online
and array readings are for the local inverter and PV array associated with that
inverter.
Additional
In addition, to the normal system message screens, additional screens specific to
each GT Inverter unit can be displayed when the unit is connected with
communications wiring to other GT Inverters. These screens are only available on
multiple unit systems.
messages for
multiple unit
systems only
To view unit-specific screens in a multiple unit system:
1. Tap the Xantrex logo near the LCD to advance the display to the next screen.
Continue tapping until the final system message screen (“Grid Readings”, in
order given, as you tap successively on the unit.
If you continue to tap the unit, then the LCD will cycle through all of the available
normal operation screens. Each message is displayed for up to 30 seconds. If you
do not tap again within that time period, then the LCD backlight turns off and the
Table 5-4 Additional Normal Operation Screens for Each GT Inverter in a
Multiple Unit System
Tap
Display
Description
6th time
Unit 1500W
Power being produced by this unit now.
Today 1.250kWh Cumulative energy produced by this unit today.
7th time Unit Lifetime
Lifetime energy produced by this GT Inverter unit
150kWh
Offline Mode
Offline default
display
At night and when no power is being produced by the PV array (offline mode), the
Table 5-5 Offline Mode Default Display
Display
Description
Inverter
Offline
Displayed at all times while the system is offline.
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Monitoring the Inverter
Offline messages
for all systems
Additional message screens can be viewed when the system is offline by tapping
the Xantrex logo near the LCD. Each additional tap displays the next screen, in
These message screens are common to all GT Inverter systems, no matter how
many units are installed. If you continue to tap the unit, then the LCD will
continue to cycle through all of the available offline mode screens.
Table 5-6 Offline Mode Screens for All GT Inverters
Tap
Display*
Description
1st time
Inverter
Offline
LCD back light turns on for better readability
and default Offline Mode screen is displayed.
2nd time
System 0W
Today 2.50kWh
Power being produced by the system now.
Cumulative energy produced by the system
today.
3rd time System Lifetime Lifetime energy produced by the system.
305kWh
4th time
Time Online
hh:mm:ss
Total time that the system was online today, in
hours (hh), minutes (mm) and seconds (ss).
* In a multiple unit system with network cables properly installed, the system
values displayed are for the entire system. Time online is for the local inverter.
Additional Offline
messages for
multiple unit
systems
Multiple unit systems in offline mode display all of the message screens shown in
screens are displayed following the “Time Online” screen.
These screens are only displayed when multiple GT Inverters are connected by
network cables. If you continue to tap the unit, then the LCD continues to cycle
through all of the available offline mode screens.
Table 5-7 Additional Offline Mode Screens for Each GT Inverter in a Multiple
Unit System
Tap
Display
Description
5th time
Unit 0W
Power being produced by this unit now.
Today 1.25kWh
Cumulative energy produced by this unit today.
6th time
Unit Lifetime
150kWh
Lifetime energy produced by this unit.
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Front Panel Display Screens and What They Mean
Fault Mode
When a fault state is detected, the appropriate fault message appears on the front
panel display at the next screen refresh (i.e., within 2 seconds). The GT Inverter
Fault Mode causes
These message screens only appear when there is a fault, and then flash
corrected.
Table 5-8 Fault Message Screens
Display
Description
DC Voltage Fault When the actual DC voltage is over or under the allowable
145.5V
range, 165 to 600 Vdc. Self-clearing, no action required.
The PV array should be configured such that DC voltage
does not fall below 195 Vdc or rise above 600 Vdc.*
AC Voltage Fault When the actual AC voltage is over or under the allowable
280V
range, as specified in “Output” on page A–2.
This is a utility fault; it will clear itself when the AC voltage
comes within the specified range.†
Frequency Fault When the actual Frequency is over or under the allowable
0.0Hz
fault; it will clear itself when the frequency comes within the
specified range.†
Over Temp Fault When the unit’s internal temperature is greater than 80° C
81.4C 178.5F
(176° F), the unit will shut down automatically and only
restart when the temperature has dropped to less than 70° C
(158° F).
Ground Fault
Reset System
When a grounding fault is detected. The ground fault
protection fuse will be blown (North American models only).
The system must be shut down completely, the fault
corrected, and the fuse replaced.‡ The system can then be
restarted. Troubleshooting a grounding fault should be
performed by qualified personnel.
Unit Shutdown
via Remote
Appears if the GT Inverter unit has been shut down via a
computer connected to the RS-232 port.
Protection uP
Not Responding
The protection processor is not responding.
* It is normal to receive this fault during low light conditions at dawn or dusk. At
such times, the array does not have sufficient energy to power the inverter, so
the PV voltage drops below 165 volts occasionally.
† Grid fault. When this fault is cleared the protection timer will begin its
countdown and you will see the “Reconnecting in sss seconds” and “Inverter
countdown is complete.
‡ Applicable to North American models only. European models do not have a
ground fault protection fuse installed.
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Monitoring the Inverter
Additional Fault
messages for all
systems
Additional message screens can be viewed in fault mode by tapping the Xantrex
logo near the LCD. Each additional tap displays the next screen in the order
Table 5-9 Additional Fault Mode Screens
Tap
Display*
Description
1st time
Current fault message LCD backlight turns on for better readability.
2nd time
System 0W
Energy being produced by the system now.
Today 2.500kWh Cumulative energy produced by the system
today.
3rd time System Lifetime Lifetime energy produced by the GT Inverter
305kWh
system.
4th time
Time Online
Length of time inverter was online today, in
Today hh:mm:ss hours (hh), minutes (mm) and seconds (ss).
5th time Array Readings Immediate DC voltage and current readings of
350.5V 8.4A
Grid Readings
power from the PV array.
6th time
Immediate AC voltage and frequency readings
242.6V 60.0Hz of power from the Grid.
* In a multiple unit system with network cables properly installed, the system
values displayed are for the entire system. Time online and array readings are
for the local inverter and PV array associated with that inverter.
Special Screens
Special message screens are displayed in specific situations that are not
considered fault situations. They can appear in any mode of operation. These
screens are described in Table 5-10.
Table 5-10 Special Message Screens
Display
Description
Reconnecting in Time remaining in seconds (sss) before the GT Inverter
sss seconds
reconnects to the Grid. This is a protection timer that runs at
startup and after any Grid fault.
Inverter
Offline
GT Inverter switching (or has switched) from Normal
Operation to Offline mode. This screen may flash alternately
with a Fault message screen.
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Front Panel Display Screens and What They Mean
Table 5-10 Special Message Screens
Display
Description
System *3500W
Today 15.56kWh indicates that the unit is derating its output power because the
inverter heat sink temperature is above 75° C (167° F).
Unit *1800W
Today 7.82kWh
The asterisk only appears when the power is actually being
limited by the inverter.
Insufficient
Solar Energy
Indicates the GT Inverter is not producing power due to
insufficient solar energy during low light conditions in early
morning or late afternoon or when the PV array is in shade.
This screen flashes alternately with the Normal Operation
default screen.
Custom Screens
Two custom screens are available. The inverter does not display them unless they
screens display as the fourth and fifth screens during the startup sequence. They
can also be viewed by tapping the unit during normal operation and fault mode.
The first custom screen is intended for the home owner to display information
such as the name or location of the PV array associated with the inverter.
The second custom screen is intended for installers, who can configure the screen
to display, for example, contact information for service.
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Monitoring the Inverter
Status Indicator Lights
The GT Inverter is equipped with two status indicator lights (LEDs) located below
Only one indicator light will be lit at any time.
Table 5-11 Status Indicator LEDs
LED on
Means
Green
GT Inverter is on (DC voltage and AC voltage are qualified and the
protection timer has finished) and delivering energy to the grid. No action
required. Turns off when a fault state is detected.
Red
Ground fault condition detected.
fault condition.
Green LED
Red LED
Figure 5-2 Location of Status Indicator Lights
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Maintenance and
Troubleshooting
6
WARNING: Electrical shock and fire hazard
Do not disassemble the GT Inverter. It does not contain any user serviceable parts.
Attempting to service the unit yourself could result in electrical shock or fire.
Chapter 6, “Maintenance and Troubleshooting”, contains information
about how to provide general maintenance for the Xantrex Grid Tie
Solar Inverter. It also provides information about troubleshooting the
unit.
The topics in this chapter are organized as follows:
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Maintenance and Troubleshooting
Factors Affecting GT Inverter Performance
This section describes several factors that will affect the amount of power that a
properly installed and operating GT Inverter can produce.
PV Array Factors
PV array ratings
PV arrays are rated at ideal factory conditions, such as specified illumination
(1000 W/m2), spectrum of the light (Air Mass 1.5 standard reference spectrum),
and specified temperature (25 °C / 77 °F), that seldom reflect real-world
installations. This is called the STC (Standard Test Condition) rating and is the
figure that appears on the PV module nameplate label.
Expected
performance
A properly designed and installed PV system will produce less than its peak
STC-rated output. Actual production depends on several unavoidable
environmental factors described in this section.
Temperature and
reduced output
PV array temperature affects the output of the entire system. As the temperature
on the array surface heats up, its energy output goes down. Roof-mounted arrays
also collect the heat generated by the roof surface (or trapped under the array) and
will produce less output than pole-mounted arrays, which allow greater air
circulation behind the panels.
Important: The GT Inverter will reduce its energy output to protect its electronic
circuits from overheating and possible damage in high heat conditions. For maximum
output in hot climates, mount the GT Inverter in a shaded location with good air flow.
Angle of the sun
The angle of the sun in relation to the PV array surface—the array
orientation—can dramatically affect the PV array output. The array energy output
will vary depending on the time of day and time of year as the sun’s angle in
relation to the array changes. Sunlight output decreases as the sun approaches the
horizons, due to the greater atmospheric air mass it must penetrate. This reduces
both the light intensity that strikes the array’s surface and spectrum of the light. In
general, you can expect only four to six hours of direct sunlight per day.
Partial shade
Shading of only a single module of the array will reduce the output of the entire
system. Such shading can be caused by something as simple as the shadow of a
utility wire or tree branch on part of the array’s surface. This condition, in effect,
acts like a weak battery in a flashlight, reducing the total output, even though the
other batteries are good. However, the output loss is not proportionate to shading.
The GT Inverter is designed to maximize its energy production in all of the above
situations using its MPPT algorithm.
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Performing General Maintenance
Other Factors
Other factors that contribute to system losses are:
•
•
•
Dust or dirt on the array
Fog or smog
Mismatched PV array modules, with slight inconsistencies in performance
from one module to another.
•
•
Inverter efficiency
Wire losses
For additional information and technical notes concerning PV array performance,
Performing General Maintenance
Follow these simple routines to ensure many years of service and optimal
performance of your solar energy system.
1. Keep the heat sink clear of dust and debris.
WARNING: Shock and fire hazard
Do not use a pressure washer to clean the GT Inverter, or use other cleaning methods that
could allow water to enter the unit.
2. Clean the PV array with flowing water whenever it is visibly dirty, during a
cool time of the day.
3. Periodically inspect the system to make sure that all wiring and supports are
securely in place.
4. On a sunny day near noon on March 21 and September 21 of each year,
review the output of the system and compare it with the previous year’s
reading. Maintain a log of system performance readings so that you can
recognize when system performance becomes inconsistent.
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Maintenance and Troubleshooting
Identifying Error/Fault Conditions and Solutions
Most error or fault conditions will be identified by fault message screens on the
page 5–7. Most of these fault conditions are self-correcting and require no user
action to remedy.
information.
Table 6-1 is intended to assist in determining fault conditions that may require
user action to remedy.
Table 6-1 Troubleshooting the GT Inverter
Problem
Possible Cause
Solution
The inverter’s LEDs and display are Utility service panel AC and DC
Turn on the breakers in the sequence
described in “Commissioning
blank and the inverter does not
operate in sufficient sunlight.
breakers are switched off.
The display reads “Inverter Offline” Utility service panel breakers are
Turn on utility panel breakers.
and “AC Voltage Fault.”
switched off.
AC grid voltage is not present or
incorrect.
Check AC connections at the
inverter’s terminals. Ensure AC
voltage within the range specified in
“Output” on page A–2 is present.
The display reads “Inverter Offline” DC breakers are switched off (if
Turn on any DC breakers and check
any DC fuses.
with sufficient sunlight.
installed), or external DC fuses are
blown (if installed).
DC array voltage is not present.
Check DC connections at the
inverter’s positive and negative DC
terminals. Check for incorrectly
wired PV arrays.
The display reads “Inverter Offline” DC voltage is present but incorrect. Check DC connections at the
and “DC Voltage Fault” with
sufficient sunlight.
inverter’s positive and negative DC
terminals. Check for incorrectly
wired PV arrays. Ensure a voltage of
195–550 VDC is present at the
inverter’s terminals.
Only the inverter RED LED is
illuminated and the display reads
“Ground Fault.”
Ground fault condition detected on
the PV array.
The PV system should be checked
by a qualified electrician and
6–4
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Specifications
A
Appendix A, “Specifications”, contains information about the
electrical and environmental specifications of the Xantrex Grid Tie
Solar Inverter.
The topics in this appendix are organized as follows:
All specifications are subject to change without notice.
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Specifications
Electrical Specifications
Input
GT 2.5
GT 2.8
195 to 550 Vdc
600 Vdc
15.7 A dc
GT 3.8
Input voltage, Maximum Power Point range
Absolute maximum array open circuit voltage
Maximum input current
14.1 A dc
21.3 A dc
Maximum array short circuit current
Recommended PV array power
24 A dc
Up to 2750 W
Up to 3070 W
Up to 4180 W
Reverse polarity protection
Short circuit diode
Output
Germany
Spain
GT 2.5-DE
GT 3.8-DE
GT 2.8-SP
2800 W ac
2500 W ac
14.3 A
GT 3.8-SP
3800 W ac
3300 W ac
19.0 A
Maximum output power
Nominal output power
Maximum output current
Nominal grid voltage
Nominal grid frequency
Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)
Power factor
2500 W ac
2300 W ac
13.6 A
3800 W ac
3300 W ac
19.0 A
230 Vac, +10/-15%
50 ± 0.2 Hz
<3%
230 Vac, +10/-15%
50 ± 1.0 Hz
<3%
>0.9
>0.9
Islanding protection
ENS integrated
Current source
Vac, fac as per RD 1663/2000
Current source
Output characteristics
A–2
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Electrical Specifications
Adjustable Disconnect Settings
Islanding protection is an essential safety feature that ensures no person working
on the grid is harmed by a distributed energy source. Default software settings are
programmed into each GT Inverter at the factory to ensure it does not island
according to relevant safety regulations (VDE 0126, RD 1663/2000).
In some instances it may be desirable from both a utility and customer point of
view to adjust these default settings. For example, the GT Inverter may experience
“nuisance trips” (taking the inverter “offline”) if the grid is weak and the voltage
falls outside the allowable range specified in the regulations. It may be difficult
for a utility to upgrade the grid to eliminate this problem. With permission from
the utility, the factory settings may be changed to allow the GT inverter to operate
over a wider grid voltage range.
These settings are password protected and should only be changed by qualified
service personnel, using a special software application provided by Xantrex.
Changing any values may compromise compliance with safety regulations. Do
not do so without first consulting with the utility and agreeing on acceptable
settings.
The default values of these settings differ from the utility specifications on page
A–2. These differences take into account the accuracy ranges listed in the table
below, and are intended to ensure that utility specifications are always met.
Note: Disconnect settings on German models are not adjustable.
Default Values
230 Vac/
50 Hz (SP)
Adjustment
Range
Setting
Accuracy
AC Low Voltage
AC High Voltage
AC Low Frequency
AC High Frequency
Reconnect Delay
198 Vac
250 Vac
49.1 Hz
50.9 Hz
180 sec.
180–269 Vac
+/– 3 Vac
46.0–62.0 Hz
0–600 sec.
+/– 0.1 Hz
+/– 5 sec.
975-0253-01-01
A–3
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Specifications
Output Power Versus Ambient Temperature
Once the heat sink on the inverter reaches a maximum temperature limit, the GT
Inverter reduces its energy output to ensure maximum component ratings are not
exceeded.
GRID TIE SOLAR INVERTER
Typical Thermal Performance
- Output Power versus Ambient Temperature -
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
-25
-15
-5
5
15
25
35
45
55
65
Ambient Temperature (C)
GT2.5
GT2.8
GT3.8
Figure A-1 Output Power vs. Ambient Temperature
A–4
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Electrical Specifications
Efficiency
Maximum efficiency
Euro efficiency
95%
93.9%
1 W
Nighttime tare loss
GT INVERTER EFFICIENCY
195VDC, 230VAC, 25degC
100
90
80
70
60
50
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Output Power (W)
Figure A-2 Typical Efficiency
975-0253-01-01
A–5
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Specifications
Environmental Specifications
Operating temperature range
Storage temperature range
Power derating
-25 to +65 °C (-13 to +149 °F)
-40 to +85 °C (-40 to +185 °F)
Tolerable relative humidity limit Operating: 100% condensing
Storage: <95%, non-condensing
User Display
Type
alphanumeric liquid crystal
2 lines by 16 characters
yes
Size
Backlight
Display Accuracy
Instantaneous Power
Voltage
+/- (30 W + 1% of reading)
+/- (1% of rating + 1% of reading)
+/- (1% of rating + 1% of reading)
+/- 5%
Current
System Lifetime energy
Mechanical Specifications
Outdoor enclosure
IP54, Rainproof
Inverter dimensions
(H × W × D)
55.1 × 40.3 × 14.6 cm (21.7 × 15.9 × 5.7 inches)
Shipping dimensions
(H × W × D)
69.2 × 51.8 × 26.2 cm (27.2 × 20.4 × 10.3 inches)
Inverter weight
Shipping weight
Input terminals
18.7 kg (41 lb)
24.9 kg (54.7 lb)
Multi-contact Quick Connect PV-ADSP3/GWD (male)
PV-ADBP3/GWD (female)
Output terminals
Binder 693 Series male socket (mates with supplied
female cable connector PG13,5 p/n 99-4222-14-04)
A–6
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Warranty and Return Information
Warranty
What does this warranty cover and how long does it last? This Limited Warranty is provided by Xantrex
Technology Inc. (“Xantrex”) and covers defects in quality in workmanship and materials (“Defects”) in your Xantrex
Grid Tie Solar Inverter. This warranty lasts for a period of five years (the “Warranty Period”) from the date of
purchase at point of sale to you, the original end user customer. This Limited Warranty is transferable to subsequent
owners but only for the unexpired portion of the Warranty Period.
What will Xantrex do? If there is a Defect, Xantrex will repair or replace the defective product free of charge,
provided that:
(a) you have followed the service procedure below and have not been able to get a remedy from your dealer;
(b) you notify Xantrex, without undue delay, of the Defect within the Warranty Period; and
(c) Xantrex, through inspection, troubleshooting, or other means establishes the existence of a Defect that it is
covered by this Limited Warranty.
Xantrex will, at its option, use new and/or reconditioned parts in performing warranty repair and building
replacement products. Xantrex reserves the right to use parts or products of original or improved design in the repair
or replacement. If Xantrex repairs or replaces a product, the warranty is suspended during the repair or replacement
and continues for the remaining portion of the original Warranty Period or 90 days from the date of the completed
repair activity, whichever is greater. All replaced products and all parts removed from repaired products become the
property of Xantrex.
Xantrex covers both parts and labour necessary to repair the product. If the product was sold in Spain, Xantrex will
cover costs for products returned directly to Xantrex via a Xantrex-selected non-expedited surface freight and
packing.
How do you get service? If you are unable to contact your dealer, or if your dealer is unable to provide service,
contact Xantrex directly at the following numbers:
EUROPE:
Telephone: 34 93 470 5330
Fax:
34 93 473 6093
Email:
If your dealer is unable to provide service, direct returns may be performed according to the Xantrex Return Material
Authorization Policy described in your product manual. For some products, Xantrex maintains a network of regional
Authorized Service Centers. Call Xantrex to see if your product can be repaired at one of these facilities.
In any warranty claim, dated proof of purchase must accompany the product and the product must not have been
disassembled or modified without prior written authorization by Xantrex.
Proof of purchase may be in any one of the following forms:
•
•
The dated purchase receipt from the original purchase of the product at point of sale to the end user, or
The dated invoice or purchase receipt showing the product exchanged under warranty
975-0253-01-01
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Warranty and Return
What does this warranty not cover? This Limited Warranty does not cover normal wear and tear of the
product or costs associated with replacing consumable items such as air filters, fuses, arrestors, etc. A shorter than
normal life during the Warranty Period caused by excessive use or incorrect use is not considered a Defect. Please
consult your Owner’s Guide to determine the proper use of the product.
This warranty does not apply to and Xantrex will not be responsible for any damage to the product:
a) if it has not been used in accordance with the Owner’s Guide supplied with the product, if it has been damaged
during shipping, mishandled, neglected, improperly installed, physically damaged or altered (either internally or
externally) or damaged from improper use or use in an unsuitable environment;
b) if it has been subjected to fire, water, generalized corrosion, biological infestations, or input voltage that creates
operating conditions beyond the maximum or minimum limits listed in the Xantrex product specifications
including high input voltage from generators and lightning strikes;
c) if repairs have been done to it other than by Xantrex or an Authorized Service Center;
d) if it is used as a component part of a product expressly warranted by another manufacturer; and
e) if its original identification (trade-mark, serial number) markings have been defaced, altered, or removed.
Exclusions
THIS LIMITED WARRANTY IS THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE WARRANTY PROVIDED BY XANTREX IN CONNECTION WITH YOUR
XANTREX PRODUCT AND IS, WHERE PERMITTED BY LAW, IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, CONDITIONS,
GUARANTEES, REPRESENTATIONS, OBLIGATIONS AND LIABILITIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE IN
CONNECTION WITH THE PRODUCT, HOWEVER ARISING (WHETHER BY CONTRACT, TORT, NEGLIGENCE, PRINCIPLES OF
MANUFACTURER'S LIABILITY, OPERATION OF LAW, CONDUCT, STATEMENT OR OTHERWISE) INCLUDING WITHOUT
RESTRICTION ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OR CONDITION OF QUALITY, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE. ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE TO THE EXTENT
REQUIRED UNDER APPLICABLE LAW TO APPLY TO THE PRODUCT SHALL, WHERE PERMITTED BY LAW, BE LIMITED IN
DURATION TO THE PERIOD STIPULATED UNDER THIS LIMITED WARRANTY.
IN NO EVENT WILL XANTREX BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES,
LOSSES, COSTS OR EXPENSES HOWEVER ARISING WHETHER IN CONTRACT OR TORT INCLUDING, WITHOUT RESTRICTION,
ANY ECONOMIC LOSSES OF ANY KIND, ANY LOSS OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY, OR ANY DAMAGE OR INJURY ARISING FROM
OR AS A RESULT OF MISUSE OR ABUSE OR THE INCORRECT INSTALLATION, INTEGRATION OR OPERATION OF THE PRODUCT.
Limitations on Exclusions
This Limited Warranty does not affect your rights as prescribed by law and as established in the Law on Warranties
for Consumer Goods (Spain) or the German Civil Code (“BGB”). In Germany, the legal provisions regarding
suspension or expiration (“Ablaufhemmung”), suspension (“Hemmung”) and recommencement of limitation periods
remains unaffected.
Some countries do not allow limitations or exclusions on implied warranties or on the duration of an implied warranty
or on the limitation or exclusion of incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation(s) or exclusion(s)
may not apply to you.
For example, in Germany, the Exclusion above shall not apply in the case of mandatory liability, i.e. under the
German Product Liability Act (“Produkthaftungsgesetz”) or in the case of intent, gross negligence, and injury of life,
body or health, or breach of a condition which goes to the root of the contract (“wesentliche Vertragspflichten”).
However, claims for damages arising from a breach of a condition which goes to the root of the contract shall be
limited to the foreseeable damage which is intrinsic to the contract, unless caused by intent or gross negligence or
based on liability for injury of life, body or health. The Exclusion above in Germany also does not imply a change in
the burden of proof to your detriment.
WA–2
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Warranty and Return
Exclusion for Documentation
WITHOUT LIMITING THE GENERALITY OF THE FOREGOING, UNLESS SPECIFICALLY AGREED TO BY IT IN WRITING,
XANTREX:
(A) MAKES NO WARRANTY AS TO THE ACCURACY, SUFFICIENCY OR SUITABILITY OF ANY TECHNICAL OR OTHER
INFORMATION PROVIDED IN MANUALS OR OTHER DOCUMENTATION PROVIDED BY IT IN CONNECTION WITH THE
PRODUCT; AND
(B) ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITY FOR LOSSES, DAMAGES, COSTS OR EXPENSES, WHETHER SPECIAL,
DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL, WHICH MIGHT ARISE OUT OF THE USE OF SUCH INFORMATION.
THE USE OF ANY SUCH INFORMATION WILL BE ENTIRELY AT THE USER'S RISK.
Warning: Limitations On Use
Please refer to your Owner's Guide for limitations on uses of the product. Specifically, please note that the Xantrex
Grid Tie Solar Inverter is not intended for use in connection with life support systems or other medical equipment or
devices and Xantrex makes no representation or warranty in connection with any use of the product for such
purposes.
Xantrex Technology Inc.
8999 Nelson Way
Burnaby, British Columbia
Canada
V5A 4B5
Return Material Authorization Policy
Before returning a product directly to Xantrex you must obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number and
the correct factory “Ship To” address. Product shipments will be refused and returned at your expense if they are
unauthorized, returned without an RMA number clearly marked on the outside of the shipping box, or if they are
shipped to the wrong location.
When you contact Xantrex to obtain service, please have your instruction manual ready for reference and be prepared
to supply:
•
•
•
•
The serial number of your product
Information about the installation and use of the unit
Information about the failure and/or reason for the return
A copy of your dated proof of purchase
When you ship:
1. Package the unit safely, preferably using the original box and packing materials. Please ensure that your product
is shipped fully insured in the original packaging or equivalent. This warranty will not apply where the product is
damaged due to improper packaging.
2. Include the following:
•
•
•
•
The RMA number supplied by Xantrex Technology, Inc. clearly marked on the outside of the box.
A return address where the unit can be shipped. Post office boxes are not acceptable.
A contact telephone number where you can be reached during work hours.
A brief description of the problem.
3. Ship the unit prepaid to the address provided by your Xantrex customer service representative.
If you are returning a product to a Xantrex Authorized Service Center (ASC) A Xantrex return
material authorization (RMA) number is not required. However, you must contact the ASC prior to returning the
product or presenting the unit to verify any return procedures that may apply to that particular facility.
975-0253-01-01
WA–3
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Warranty and Return
Information About Your System
As soon as you open your Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter package, record the following information and be sure to
keep your proof of purchase.
Model Number
Serial Number
Purchased From
Purchase Date
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
If you need to contact Customer Service, please record the following details before calling. This information will help
our representatives give you better service.
Inverter Details
Type of installation (e.g. Residential/Commercial)
Length of time inverter has been installed
AC wiring size and length
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
DC wiring size and length
Description of fault messages and/or indicators on
front panel
________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Description of problem
________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
WA–4
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Warranty and Return
PV Details
Solar Panel Mount:
Roof
Pole
Ground
Solar Panel Brand and Model:
Nominal Voltage Range:
Peak Open Circuit Voltage:
Nominal Current Rating:
Maximum Current Rating:
Solar Tracker?
_____________ Vdc
_____________ Vdc
_____________ Adc
_____________ Adc
Yes
No
String #1:# of Panels:
String #2:# of Panels:
String #3:# of Panels:
String #4:# of Panels:
_____________
Series
Series
Series
Series
Parallel
Parallel
Parallel
Parallel
_____________
_____________
_____________
975-0253-01-01
WA–5
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WA–6
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Index
grounding requirements 2–7
guidelines for matching PV array size to inverter input
A
abbreviations and symbols iv
AC circuit breaker requirements 2–9
AC grounding requirements 2–7
AC output voltage ratings A–2
AC wiring instructions 3–5
acceptable wire sizes A–6
adjustable disconnect settings A–3
H
humidity limits A–6
I
C
information about your system form WA–4
installation
grounding requirements 2–7
location concerns 2–4
mounting 2–13
options 2–2
overview 2–10
communication between multiple inverters 3–8
communications cabling 3–10
installing for multiple inverters 3–12
Customer Service
preparing to call WA–4
planning issues 2–2
preparing for 2–9
PV array requirements 2–5
routing wires 2–8
inverter
features and options 1–3
installation 2–10
D
DC wiring instructions 3–3
derating chart A–4
display accuracy A–6
model number WA–4
purchase date WA–4
purpose 1–2
E
efficiency chart A–5
electrical specifications A–2
error messages and solutions 6–4
serial number WA–4
L
F
lightning protection 2–8
fault conditions and solutions 6–4
features and options 1–3
fault messages 5–7
M
maintenance, general 6–3
mechanical specifications A–6
model number WA–4
mounting bracket
normal operation messages 5–3
offline mode messages 5–5
reading messages 5–3
special messages 5–8
startup messages 5–3
installing 2–12
G
on backing support 2–15
on poles or rails 2–14
mounting the inverter
general maintenance 6–3
ground fault protection fuse 5–7
clearance requirements 2–12
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Index
on wallboard, siding or concrete 2–15
orientation 2–4
overview 2–11
serial number WA–4
single inverter configuration 2–2
specifications
preparation 2–11
single inverter 2–16
surfaces for 2–13
using poles or rails 2–14
electrical A–2
mechanical A–6
standard features and options 1–3
standard test condition 6–2
startup procedure
MPPT
operational window 2–6
technology 1–3
multiple inverters
monitor front panel display 5–2
overview 4–2
status LEDs
communication between 3–8
communications wiring 3–12
configuration 2–2
description 5–10
do not illuminate 6–4
red LED is on 6–4
installation 3–7
messages in normal operation 5–5
messages in offline mode 5–6
T
temperature
affecting PV array performance 6–2
range for locating Xantrex GT Inverter 2–4
terminators, male network 3–9
thermal derating chart A–4
O
operation
factors affecting performance 6–2
messages at startup 5–3
startup procedure 4–2
W
P
warranty
photovoltaic (PV) power 1–2
power derating A–6
terms and conditions WA–1
weight A–6
preparing for installation 2–9
proof of purchase WA–4
purchase date WA–4
wire stripping length, recommended 2–9
wiring
acceptable wire sizes A–6
information 2–9
PV arrays
angle of the sun 6–2
effect of shade on performance 6–2
factory ratings 6–2
preparation for 2–9
PV array to Xantrex GT Inverter 3–3
routing wires 2–8
installation recommendations 2–5
matching size to inverter input 2–7
requirements 2–5
temperature affecting performance 6–2
types of modules 2–6
X
Xanbus technology 3–8
Xantrex web site v
voltage requirements 2–6
R
RJ45 connector requirements 3–10
RJ45 ports
communication between inverters 3–9
S
safety instructions vii
IX–2
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Xantrex Technology Inc.
34 93 470 5330 Telephone
34 93 473 6093 Fax
975-0253-01-01
Printed in China
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