TM
TM
2000W SINEWA
FREEDOM SW 2000
VE INVER
FREEDOM
TER/CHARGER
Model
Number
FGA
FSW2000
815-2000
Number
ank
h)
B
ry
t
A
F
t
te
y
(
ault
k
a
B
C
apaci
30
2000
rch
ea
SW
Inverter Mode:
operating
ominal put oltage:
ominal utpurequency:
ax. ontinuous put urrent
ax. perating Input
ax. ontinuous utput
Input
ax.
ax.
ax.
S
ode
1000
800
600
400
N
N
N
M
M
M
D
C
O
O
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100
B
a
ype
T
r
y
200
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%
t
t
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ax
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M
AC
oded
C
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:
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Input
D
C
SW
A
2000
w
GEL
M
A
C
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ge:
rro
Na
12 Vdc
:
120 Vac
, 1Ø
duration):
60 Hz
ide
W
M
M
M
O
utput Surge Power (10
s
2000
W
at 30°C
oltage:
D
C
Input
V
2000
n
v
Current
:
e
A
r
ting
16.66
252
A
mbient
T
emperature:
t
N
A
ominal
D
C
C
harger Mode:
SW
A
N
Power
omina
C
nput
V
oltage:
15.5 Vdc
C
ha
g
ing
Faco:
r
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M
harging
ax. ontinuous
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ax.
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C
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ltage R50°C
4000 VA
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Input
at
t
ery
C
FREEDOM
>
0.95
N
A
C
:
FREEDOM
M
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120 Vac
urrent (charge pass-through):
TIO100N MENatVTS:
QngUDeIC:RCu.0rrent
he ri ta ions
,
60 Hz, 1Ø
A
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Input
M
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Input
C
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ide
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tte
ry
INST
A
L
L
A
R
AhaErger
a
E
N
a
1
ting
rr
o
A
T
y
Mount this inverter/charger only in
t
1
-
o
1
6
e
.
n
0
t
d
c
r
p
e
e
w
G
G
E
M
L
/
v
n
specified in the installation guide provided.
ION:
cover or obstruct ventilation openings. Do not mount
in zero-clearance compartment. Overheating may
S
ear
ch
ode
F
lo
oded
C
A
U
T
U
L
4
5
8
3033614
C
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7
.
1
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ax
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tt
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e
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ging
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8
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r
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.
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o
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p
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ors
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i
r
e
,
d
o
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o
t
ha
c
it
C
y
(
A
1000
800
A
h)
W
A
R
NING:
600
400
user serviceable parts. Energized from both AC and
DC sources. Disconnect all sources before servicing.
Shock hazard. Do not open. No
FREEDOM
30
100
200
Use only ground-fault circuit interrupters (GFCI)
specified in the installation guide supplied. Other
types may fail to operate properly when connected
this equipment. Refer to manual. Charge only
lead-acid batteries. Other battery types may burst
causing personal injury and damage.
ault
F
kW
I
SW
2000
DANGE
R:
tt
a
B
install in an area in which ignition-protected
euipment is required.
%
To reduce the risk of explosion, do not
to
Serial Number
Date of Manufacture
Designed in Canada
Assembled in China.
.
Installation Guide
Freedom SW 2000
Sine Wave Inverter/Charger
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Trademarks
Document Part Number
975-0527-01-01
Xantrex and Smart choice for power are trademarks of Schneider Electric Services
International sprl, registered in the U.S. and other countries. Other trademarks,
registered trademarks, and product names are the property of their respective owners
and are used herein for identification purposes only.
Product Number
815-2000
Notice of Copyright
Contact Information
Freedom SW 2000 Sine Wave Inverter/Charger Installation Guide © May 2010
Xantrex Technology Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be
reproduced in any form or disclosed to third parties without the express written
consent of: Xantrex Technology Inc., 161-G South Vasco Road, Livermore,
California, USA 94551. Xantrex Technology Inc. reserves the right to revise this
document and to periodically make changes to the content hereof without obligation
or organization of such revisions or changes unless required to do so by prior
arrangement.
Telephone:
1 800 670 0707 (toll free North America)
1 408 987 6030 (direct)
Fax:
1 800 994 7828 (toll free North America)
Email:
Web:
Exclusion for Documentation
UNLESS SPECIFICALLY AGREED TO IN WRITING, XANTREX TECHNOLOGY INC. (“XANTREX”)
(A) MAKES NO WARRANTY AS TO THE ACCURACY, SUFFICIENCY OR SUITABILITY OF ANY
TECHNICAL OR OTHER INFORMATION PROVIDED IN ITS MANUALS OR OTHER DOCUMENTATION;
(B) ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITY FOR LOSSES, DAMAGES, COSTS OR EXPENSES,
WHETHER SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL, WHICH MIGHT ARISE
OUT OF THE USE OF SUCH INFORMATION. THE USE OF ANY SUCH INFORMATION WILL BE ENTIRELY
AT THE USER’S RISK; AND
(C) REMINDS YOU THAT IF THIS MANUAL IS IN ANY LANGUAGE OTHER THAN ENGLISH,
ALTHOUGH STEPS HAVE BEEN TAKEN TO MAINTAIN THE ACCURACY OF THE TRANSLATION, THE
ACCURACY CANNOT BE GUARANTEED. APPROVED XANTREX CONTENT IS CONTAINED WITH THE
ENGLISH LANGUAGE VERSION WHICH IS POSTED AT WWW.XANTREX.COM.
Date and Revision
May 2010 Rev C
975-0527-01-01
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About This Guide
Purpose
Conventions Used
The purpose of this Installation Guide is to provide procedures for installing The following conventions are used in this guide.
the Freedom SW 2000 Inverter/Charger.
Scope
The guide provides safety guidelines as well as information on installing
the inverter/charger. It does not provide details about particular brands of
batteries. You need to consult individual battery manufacturers for this
STATEMENT OF HAZARD
Contains statements of avoidance or strict compliance.
Failure to follow these instructions will result in death or serious
injury.
information.
Audience
The guide is intended for qualified installers who need to install and
configure the Freedom SW 2000 Inverter/Charger.
The installer should have knowledge and experience in installing electrical
equipment, knowledge of the applicable installation codes, and awareness
of the hazards involved in performing electrical work and how to reduce
those hazards. A qualified technician or electrician has this knowledge and
experience.
STATEMENT OF HAZARD
Contains statements of avoidance or strict compliance.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in death or serious
injury.
STATEMENT OF HAZARD
Contains statements of avoidance or strict compliance.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in minor or moderate
injury.
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STATEMENT OF HAZARD
Contains statements of avoidance or strict compliance.
Failure to follow these instructions can damage the unit and/or
damage other equipment.
IMPORTANT: These notes describe things which are important for you to
know, however, they are not as serious as a caution or warning.
Related Information
You can find more information about Xantrex Technology Inc. as well as
975-0527-01-01
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Important Safety Instructions
IMPORTANT: READ AND SAVE THIS INSTALLATION GUIDE FOR
FUTURE REFERENCE.
ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD
•
Do not expose the Freedom SW 2000 to rain, snow, spray, or bilge
water. This inverter/charger is designed for indoor use only.
Do not operate the inverter/charger if it has received a sharp blow,
been dropped, has cracks or openings in the enclosure including if the
fuse cover has been lost, damaged, or will not close, or otherwise
damaged in any other way.
This chapter contains important safety and installation instructions for the
Freedom SW 2000 Inverter/Charger (Freedom SW 2000). Each time,
before using the Freedom SW 2000, READ ALL instructions and
cautionary markings on or provided with the inverter/charger, the batteries,
and all appropriate sections of this guide.
•
•
•
Do not disassemble the inverter/charger. Internal capacitors remain
charged after all power is disconnected.
Disconnect both AC and DC power from the inverter/charger before
attempting any maintenance or cleaning or working on any circuits
connected to the inverter/charger. See note below.
NOTE: The Freedom SW 2000 contains no user-serviceable parts. See
“Warranty and Return Information” on page 65 of the Owner’s Guide for
guidance.
•
Do not operate the inverter/charger with damaged or substandard
wiring. Make sure that all wiring is in good condition and is not
undersized.
Failure to follow these instructions will result in death or serious
injury.
NOTE: Turning off the inverter/charger using the on/off switch on the front
panel will not reduce an electrical shock hazard.
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NOTES:
1. Follow these instructions and those published by the battery
manufacturer and the manufacturer of any equipment you intend to use
in the vicinity of the battery. Review cautionary markings on these
products and on the engine.
FIRE AND BURN HAZARD
Do not cover or obstruct the air intake vent openings and/or install in a
zero-clearance compartment.
2. This inverter/charger contains components which tend to produce arcs
or sparks.
Failure to follow these instructions will result in death or serious
injury.
3. Locations include any space containing gasoline-powered machinery,
fuel tanks, as well as joints, fittings, or other connections between
components of the fuel system.
EXPLOSION HAZARD
•
Charge only properly rated (such as 12 V) lead-acid (GEL, AGM, or
Flooded) rechargeable batteries because other battery types may
explode and burst.
•
•
Do not work in the vicinity of lead-acid batteries. Batteries generate
explosive gases during normal operation. See note #1.
Do not install and/or operate in compartments containing flammable
materials or in locations that require ignition-protected equipment.
See notes #2 and #3.
Failure to follow these instructions will result in death or serious
injury.
975-0527-01-01
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Precautions When Working With Batteries
5. Use extra caution to reduce the risk or dropping a metal tool on the
battery. It could spark or short circuit the battery or other electrical
parts and could cause an explosion.
BURN FROM HIGH SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT, FIRE AND EXPLO-
SION FROM VENTED GASES HAZARDS
6. Batteries can produce a short circuit current high enough to weld a ring
or metal bracelet or the like to the battery terminal, causing a severe
burn.
•
Always wear proper, non-absorbent gloves, complete eye protection,
and clothing protection. Avoid touching your eyes and wiping your
forehead while working near batteries. See note #4.
7. When removing a battery, always remove the negative terminal from
the battery first for systems with grounded negative. If it is grounded
positive, remove the positive terminal first. Make sure all loads
connected to the battery and all accessories are off so you don’t cause
an arc.
•
Remove all personal metal items, like rings, bracelets, and watches
when working with batteries. See notes #5 and #6 below.
Never smoke or allow a spark or flame near the engine or batteries.
Never charge a frozen battery.
•
•
Failure to follow these instructions can result in death or serious
injury.
NOTES:
1. Locate the Freedom SW 2000 Inverter/Charger unit away from
batteries in a well ventilated compartment.
2. Always have someone within range of your voice or close enough to
come to your aid when you work near a lead-acid battery.
3. Always have plenty of fresh water and soap nearby in case battery acid
contacts skin, clothing, or eyes.
4. If battery acid contacts skin or clothing, wash immediately with soap
and water. If acid enters your eye, immediately flood it with running
cold water for at least twenty minutes and get medical attention
immediately.
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Precautions When Preparing to Charge
Precautions When Placing the Inverter/Charger
RISK OF DAMAGE TO THE INVERTER/CHARGER
EXPOSURE TO CHEMICALS AND GASES HAZARD
•
Never allow battery acid to drip on the inverter/charger when reading
•
•
Make sure the area around the battery is well ventilated.
Make sure the voltage of the batteries matches the output voltage of
the inverter/charger.
gravity, or filling battery.
•
Never place the Freedom SW 2000 Inverter/Charger unit directly
above batteries; gases from a battery will corrode and damage the
inverter/charger.
•
Be careful to keep corrosion from coming into contact with your eyes
and skin when cleaning battery terminals.
•
Do not place a battery on top of the inverter/charger.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in death or serious
injury.
Failure to follow these instructions can damage the unit and/or
damage other equipment.
NOTES:
•
Study and follow all of the battery manufacturer's specific precautions,
such as removing or not removing cell caps while charging, whether
equalization is acceptable for your battery, and recommended rates of
charge.
•
For flooded non-sealed batteries, add distilled water in each cell until
battery acid reaches the level specified by the battery manufacturer.
This helps to purge excessive gas from cells. Do not overfill. For a
battery without removable cell caps, carefully follow manufacturer's
instructions.
975-0527-01-01
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Regulatory
The Freedom SW 2000 Inverter/Charger is certified to appropriate US and
Canadian standards. For more information see “Regulatory Approvals” on
page 68 of the Owner’s Guide.
The Freedom SW 2000 Inverter/Charger is intended to be used for RV,
marine, and commercial truck applications. It is not intended for other
applications as it may not comply with the additional safety code
requirements needed for those other applications. See “Limitations On Use”
below.
LIMITATIONS ON USE
•
Do not use in connection with life support systems or other medical
equipment or devices.
•
Do not use in ambulances or other life-saving emergency vehicles.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in death or serious
injury.
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Contents
Important Safety Instructions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Materials List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Installation Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Before You Begin the Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Installation Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Planning the Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Two Key Performance Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Size and Length of DC Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Mounting Location of the Freedom SW 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
AC and DC Components including wire and breaker sizes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
AC Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
AC Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
AC Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
AC Loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
AC Disconnect and Over-Current Protection Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Distribution Panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
AC Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
AC Output Neutral Bonding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
DC Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
DC Disconnects and Over-Current Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
DC Cabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
DC Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Unpacking and Inspecting the Freedom SW 2000 Inverter/Charger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
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Installation Tools and Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Installing the Inverter/Charger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Step 1: Choosing a Location for the Inverter/Charger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Step 2: Mounting the Inverter/Charger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Step 3: Connecting the AC Input and AC Output Wires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
General AC Wiring Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Connecting AC Input Wires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Connecting AC Output Wires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Step 4: Connecting the DC Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
DC Connection Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Recommended Cable Sizes and Lengths and Fuse Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Preparing the Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Guidelines for Routing the DC Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Connecting the DC Cables to the Inverter/Charger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
DC Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Step 5: Connecting the Battery Temperature Sensor (BTS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Mounting Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Mounting to the Negative Battery Terminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Mounting to the Side of the Battery Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Step 6: Performing Checks Prior to Initial Start-Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Step 7: Testing Your Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Testing in Invert Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
Testing in Charge Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Installation Complete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
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Inverter/Charger Physical Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Battery Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Battery Bank Sizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Estimating Battery Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Calculating Battery Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Battery Banks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Battery Bank Sizing Worksheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
Restrictions on Motor Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Cabling and Hook-up Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Parallel Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Series Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Series-Parallel Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
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Introduction
The Installation Guide provides detailed information for installing the
Freedom SW 2000 Inverter/Charger and the battery temperature sensor and
wiring the inverter/charger to the AC and DC circuits.
This Installation Guide provides:
•
•
•
•
safety instructions that must be observed during installation,
information on additional required AC and DC components,
a list of installation tools and materials, and
detailed procedures for a typical installation.
975-0527-01-01
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Introduction
Materials List
The Freedom SW 2000 ships with the following items:
•
•
•
•
•
•
one Freedom SW 2000 unit,
owner’s and installation guides,
FREEDOM
Battery Temperature Sensor (BTS),
F
ault
SW
B
a
tt
%
2000
Freedom SW remote panel with 25-foot communications cable,
DC terminal covers (one red, one black) with two sets of screws, and
two sets of nuts and washers for the DC terminals.
kW
A
I
nv
e
rting
Char
ging
A
C
Input
W
ide
B
at
N
te
ry
ar
ro
T
yp
w
A
G
G
E
M
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Flo
rch
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ode
M
ax
O
Ba
tte
Ca ry
pa Bank
cit
ff
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(
A
100
h)
800
0
600
400
FREEDOM
30
10
200
0
SW
Installation and
Owner’s Guides
2000
NOTE: If any of the items are missing, contact Xantrex or any authorized
Xantrex dealer for replacement. See “Contact Information” on page i.
Freedom SW 2000
IMPORTANT: Keep the carton and packing material in case you need to
return the Freedom SW 2000 for servicing.
Remote panel with
communications cable
BTS
nuts and washers
DC terminal covers
with screws
Figure 1 Materials List
2
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Installation Information
Before You Begin the Installation
Installation Codes
Before beginning your installation:
Applicable installation codes vary depending on the specific location and
application of the installation. Some examples are:
•
Read the entire Installation Guide so you can plan the installation from
beginning to end.
•
•
•
The U.S. National Electrical Code (NEC),
The Canadian Electrical Code (CEC),
•
•
•
Assemble all the tools and materials you require for the installation.
Review the Important Safety Instructions on page iv.
Canadian Standards Association (CSA) and RV Industry Association
(RVIA) for installation in RVs, and
Be aware of all safety and electrical codes which must be met.
•
•
ABYC E11 - Alternating Current and Direct Current Electrical
Systems on Boats, and
ABYC A31 - Battery Chargers and Inverters.
ELECTRICAL SHOCK AND FIRE HAZARDS
•
All wiring should be done by qualified personnel to ensure
compliance with all applicable installation codes and regulations.
Disconnect all AC and DC power sources.
Disable and secure all AC and DC disconnect devices and automatic
generator starting devices.
•
•
Failure to follow these instructions will result in death or serious
injury.
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Planning the Installation
This section provides information to help you plan for a basic installation of
the Freedom SW 2000.
Two Key Performance Factors
Two key factors in particular will have a major impact on system
performance.
As your system configuration is determined, record the details in
Information About Your System of the Freedom SW 2000 Sine Wave
Inverter/Charger Owner’s Guide.
Size and Length of DC Cables
To select the appropriate size and length of DC cables, see “DC Cabling”
The DC cables should be as short as possible and large enough to handle the
required current, in accordance with the electrical codes or regulations
applicable to your installation. If there are long battery cables which are in
excess of 10 feet each and not of sufficient size, the voltage drop across the
cables will have a negative impact on overall system performance.
Mounting Location of the Freedom SW 2000
To choose an appropriate location for mounting the inverter/charger, see
4
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Planning the Installation
AC and DC Components including wire and
breaker sizes
Sine Wave Inverter/Charger
For a successful installation, you need to plan for AC and DC components
including planning for wire and breaker sizes to be used in the power
system. The AC and DC components are described in this section.
AC components include:
AC Out
AC In
DC +
•
•
•
•
•
•
DC Fuse
DC -
House Battery
AC Main Panel
Battery Temperature
Sensor
Isolator
Engine Battery
Non-Inverter Loads
DC components include:
RESET
TEST
•
•
•
•
Inverter AC Panel
Alternator
Low Voltage DC
IMPORTANT: Figure 2 does not show all required grounding and
overcurrent protection.
Figure 2 Sample Vehicle Electrical System Configuration
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Planning the Installation
INVERTER AC SUB PANEL (TYPICAL)
For wire and breaker size information:
IMPORTANT: Read Owner’s and Installation Guides
prior to installation.
15 A
TO AC APPLIANCE
LOADS
HOT BUS
Always refer to local and national
electrical codes for proper wire and
breaker sizes prior to installation.
20 A
2
OPTIONAL
GFCI duplex receptacle
15 A output limit
Neutral
GND
3
MAIN ELECTRICAL PANEL
HARDWIRE CONNECTIONS
MAIN
FROM SHORE OR
GENERATOR POWER
4
20 A MAX in inverter
30 A MAX In pass-through
10 AWG
120 V AC OUT
30 A
FSW 2000
Inverter/Charger
1
HOT BUS
120 V AC IN
10 AWG*
4
HOT = BLACK
NEUTRAL = WHITE
GND = GREEN/Bare
5
8 AWG Chassis GND
4/0 AWG
250 A fuse**
6
Neutral
GND
12 volt
Battery (Bank)
** Class T or equivalent
Figure 3 Wiring and Breakers Block Diagram
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Planning the Installation
AC Components
AC Input
AC input to the Freedom SW 2000 can be supplied from a single-phase
120-volt 60-Hz AC source such as the utility grid (power company), a
generator, or the output of a transfer switch.
AC Disconnect and Over-Current Protection Devices
To meet CSA, UL, and electrical code requirements, and to protect system
wiring, the AC inputs and outputs of the inverter/charger must be provided
with over-current protection on both the AC input and output. This
protection may be a circuit breaker or a fuse with a disconnect device (for
simplicity the following refers to breakers). Refer to your applicable
installation codes and the following requirements:
AC Output
AC output from the Freedom SW 2000 is 120 Vac/60 Hz.
AC Loads
The Freedom SW 2000 is intended to power loads consisting of 120 Vac
appliances.
AC Input Protection
In Invert mode, the Freedom SW 2000 provides 120 Vac to loads connected
to AC output. In AC pass-through mode, the source connected to the AC
input is passed through (sometimes called bypass current or pass-through
power) to the load. Because of the way invert mode operates, only 120 Vac
appliances can be connected to the Freedom SW 2000 output.
The breaker protecting the AC input of the Freedom SW 2000 must be
approved for use on 120 Vac branch circuits. The breaker must be rated at
no more than 30 amps. This single input breaker must provide the Freedom
SW 2000 with sufficient power for operating the battery charger including
pass-through power (to operate downstream AC appliance loads). The
Freedom SW 2000 does not have a power sharing feature. Refer to the
owner’s guide for more details on AC current that is required to charge
batteries.
ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD
Do not connect 240 Vac loads to the Freedom SW 2000 outputs. Doing
so may result in 120 Vac on exposed parts of the appliance.
Failure to follow these instructions will result in death or serious
injury.
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Planning the Installation
AC Output Protection
Tested GFCIs
The breaker between the Freedom SW 2000 AC output and the AC loads
must be rated to protect the AC output wire size used. If the AC output
wiring is based on the full 30A pass-through current rating, then a 30A
output breaker is acceptable. If the AC output wiring is smaller, then the
breaker size will have to be smaller as well, in accordance with applicable
electrical installation codes.
Compliance with UL standards requires that Xantrex test and recommend
that have been tested and will function properly when connected to the AC
output of the Freedom SW 2000.
Table 1 Tested GFCI Models
Manufacturer
Hubbell
Model Number
GFR5252WA
8599-GY
GFCI Requirements
A GFCI (ground fault circuit interrupter) is a device that de-energizes a
circuit when a current to ground exceeds a specified value that is less than
that required to open the circuit breaker. GFCIs are intended to protect
people from electric shocks and are usually required in wet or damp
locations.
Leviton
Pass & Seymour
1594-W
Disconnect Devices
Each system requires a method of disconnecting the AC circuits. If the
over-current protection device is a circuit breaker, it will also serve as the
disconnect. If fuses are used, separate AC disconnect switches will be
needed between the source and the fuses.
Installation in recreational vehicles requires GFCI protection of certain
branch circuits. Consult all applicable codes.
Distribution Panels
Some systems incorporate distribution panels both ahead of the inverter/
charger (the AC source panel) and between the inverter/charger and the
loads (the AC load panel). The AC source panel includes a main circuit
breaker, which serves as over-current protection for the panel. Additional
circuit breakers serve individual circuits, one of which serves the inverter/
charger.
8
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Planning the Installation
AC Wiring
Definition AC wiring includes input wiring (all the wires and connectors Size of Wiring Downstream of the AC Output Breaker The wiring
between the AC source and the inverter/charger input) and output wiring
(all the wires between the inverter/charger and the AC load panels, circuit
breakers, and loads).
used between the AC output breaker and your loads must be sized to match
the output breaker.
Type The type of wiring required varies according to the electrical codes
or regulations applicable to your installation. For RV applications, this may
be solid wire in multi-conductor cables, but stranded wire is required if
single conductors are used. All wiring must be rated 90 °C or higher.
AC Output Neutral Bonding
The AC source must have its neutral conductor bonded to ground.
Bonding system The Freedom SW 2000 provides a system that
automatically connects the neutral conductor of the inverter’s AC output
circuit to safety ground (“bonding” it) while the inverter/charger is
inverting, and disconnects it (“unbonding” it) when the inverter/charger is
connected to external AC power. This system is designed to conform to
installation codes that require AC sources such as inverters and generators
to have their neutral conductors tied to ground at the source of power in the
same way that the neutral conductor from the utility is tied to ground. These
same codes specify that the neutral can only be connected to ground in one
place at any one time.
Size of AC Input Wiring Wire size must be coordinated with the
overcurrent protection provided ahead of the wire involved, in accordance
with the electrical codes or regulations applicable to your installation.
Therefore, the wiring used between the AC input circuit breaker and the
inverter/charger input must be sized to match the input breaker rating.
Table 2 Input AC Wire Size
Breaker Size Used
Wire Size
30 A
10 AWG
Suitability This automatic neutral-to-ground bonding system requires AC
input sources with bonded neutral. This will be the case in most situations:
in a utility feed, at an external AC hook-up, or a generator with a bonded
neutral. If not, have an electrician look into bonding the source’s neutral to
Color Coding
L: black:
N: white
G: green
Size of AC Output Wiring Wire size must be coordinated with the
current the wiring will carry. This current may be determined by the 20 A
maximum inverter current, or by the pass-through current, which is
determined by the overcurrent protection provided ahead of the Freedom
SW 2000.
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Planning the Installation
DC Components
Batteries
DC Disconnects and Over-Current Devices
The Freedom SW 2000 system requires a 12 volt, lead-acid deep-cycle
battery or group of batteries to provide the DC current that the inverter/
charger converts to AC power. The battery may be a flooded, gel, or AGM
type.
The DC circuit from the battery to the inverter/charger must be equipped
with a disconnect and over-current protection device. (Refer to your
applicable installation code.)
Type This device usually consists of a circuit breaker, a “fused-
disconnect,” or a separate fuse and DC disconnect. Do not confuse AC
circuit breakers with DC circuit breakers. They are not interchangeable.
•
•
•
Estimating the battery size that will meet your requirements.
Designing battery banks.
Rating The rating of the fuse or breaker must be matched to the size of
cables used in accordance with the applicable installation codes.
Restrictions on the size of appliances.
Location The breaker or fuse and disconnect should be located as close
as possible to the battery in the positive cable. Applicable codes may limit
how far the protection can be from the battery.
For information on cabling and hooking up batteries, see “Cabling and
For detailed information about specific brands of batteries, you’ll need to
consult individual battery manufacturers for this information.
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Planning the Installation
DC Cabling
DC Grounding
Definition DC cabling includes all of the cables and connectors between
The inverter/charger DC (chassis) ground terminal needs to be connected to
the batteries, the DC disconnect and over-current protection device, and the the vehicle chassis by a minimum No. 8 AWG copper conductor that is
inverter/charger.
either insulated (green) wire rated 90 °C or bare copper.
Type All installations require multi-strand insulated cables. The DC
cables must be copper and must be rated 105 °C minimum.
Consult your local electrical codes and other applicable electrical standards
for specific requirements and applications.
required fuse size for the Freedom SW 2000. Wire size is usually marked
on the cables.
IMPORTANT: Using a smaller gauge cable or a longer cable may cause the
inverter to shut down under heavy load.
Table 3 Recommended DC Input Cable and Fuse Size
Maximum DC Cable
Length: Battery to
Freedom SW 2000
(one way)
Minimum
Recommended
Cable Size
Total Length
(two way)
Maximum Battery
Fuse or Breaker
10 feet (3 meters)
20 feet (6 meters)
No. 4/0 AWG
300A class T or
equivalent
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Planning the Installation
Unpacking and Inspecting the Freedom SW 2000 Inverter/Charger
To unpack and inspect:
IMPORTANT: Keep the carton and packing material in case you need to
return the Freedom SW 2000 for servicing.
HEAVY LOAD
The Freedom SW 2000 Inverter/Charger is heavy (see “Inverter/Charger
person to safely lift and mount. Xantrex recommends that two people lift
and mount the unit. Always use proper lifting techniques during
installation to prevent personal injury.
1. Unpack the unit and check the materials list. If anything is missing
from the shipping box, contact Xantrex Customer Service. See
2. Record the serial number of the Freedom SW 2000 and other purchase
information in the “Warranty and Product Information” section of the
Freedom SW 2000 Sine Wave Inverter/Charger Owner’s Guide. You
will be asked for this product information if you need to call Xantrex
Customer Service.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in minor or moderate
injury.
3. Save your purchase receipt to use as proof-of-purchase. This receipt is
required if the inverter/charger should need warranty service.
4. Save the original shipping carton and packing materials. If the
inverter/charger needs to be returned for service, it should be shipped
in the original carton. Packing the Freedom SW 2000 in the original
shipping carton is also a good way to protect the inverter/charger if it
ever needs to be moved.
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Planning the Installation
Installation Tools and Materials
Tools
Materials
You will need the following tools to install the Freedom SW 2000 and the
battery temperature sensor.
You will need the following materials to complete your installation:
❐
❐
❐
Strain-relief clamp(s) for AC cables (not provided): 1"
DC battery cables sized according to Table 3 on page 11
❐
❐
❐
❐
❐
❐
Wire stripper
Crimping tools for fastening lugs and terminals on DC cables
Phillips screwdriver: #2
Terminals and/or crimp connectors for DC cables (for 5/16" DC stud
size on the Freedom SW 2000 inverter while the battery/fuse cable end
may require larger size such as 3/8")
Slot screwdriver (1/4" wide blade max.)
Needle-nose pliers
❐
❐
❐
Wrench for DC terminals: 9/16"
Terminal or crimp connector for DC grounding cable (for 1/4" stud
size)
AC and DC disconnect switches and over-current protective devices
and connectors as required. See page 10.
❐
❐
AC output and input wire.
Six 1/4"–20 1.25" length steel screws or bolts to mount the Freedom
SW 2000
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Overview
This section provides detailed information on installing the Freedom SW
2000. The overall procedure is divided into eight steps:
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Installing the Inverter/Charger
Step 1: Choosing a Location for the Inverter/Charger
The inverter should only be installed in a location that meets the following
requirements:
FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD
Ventilated
Do not operate the inverter/charger in a closed-in
area or restrict ventilation in any way. The inverter/
charger requires air circulation to maintain
optimum operating temperature and provide best
performance. If the unit has inadequate ventilation,
it may shut down due to overheating.
The air vented through the openings should also
have a path to circulate away from the inverter/
charger.
This equipment contains components that could produce arcs or sparks.
To reduce the risk of fire or explosion, do not install this equipment in
compartments containing batteries or flammable materials, or in locations
that require ignition-protected equipment. This includes any space
containing gasoline-powered machinery, fuel tanks, or joints, fittings, or
other connections between components of the fuel system.
Failure to follow these instructions will result in death or serious
injury.
Dry
Do not allow water or other fluids to drip or splash
on the inverter/charger. Do not expose to rain, snow
or water.
HEAT HAZARD
Do not cover or obstruct the ventilation openings. Do not install this
equipment in a compartment with limited airflow. Overheating may
result.
Cool
Normal air temperature should be between 32 °F
and 122 °F (0 °C and 50 °C)—the cooler the better
within this range.
Failure to follow these instructions will result in death or serious
injury.
Clearance
Allow as much space around the inverter/charger as
possible. Xantrex recommends that other objects
and surfaces be at least 3 inches (76 mm) away
from the ventilation openings for best performance.
The location of the inverter/charger is a key factor in system performance.
Allow sufficient clearance around the unit (recommended minimum
3 inches (76 mm)) and install in a well-ventilated compartment to prevent
overheating and premature shutdown of the inverter/charger.
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Installing the Inverter/Charger
Safe
Locate the inverter/charger away from battery in a
separate well ventilated compartment. Do not
install the inverter/charger in any compartment
containing flammable gases or liquids like gasoline.
Close to
battery
compartment
The length and size of your DC cables will affect
performance. Use the DC cables recommended in
in the battery compartment due to the possible
presence of explosive hydrogen gas from the
batteries.
Protected from
battery acid
and gases
Never place the inverter/charger directly above the
batteries—gases from battery will corrode and
damage the inverter/charger. If the inverter/charger
is installed in a compartment above the batteries,
make sure there is a solid, gas-impermeable wall
dividing the two compartments.
Never allow battery acid to drip on the inverter/
charger or its wiring when filling the batteries or
reading their specific gravity.
Orientation
To meet regulatory requirements, the Freedom SW
2000 must be mounted in one of the approved
mounting orientation. See Figure 1 on page 18.
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Installing the Inverter/Charger
Step 2: Mounting the Inverter/Charger
To mount the inverter/charger:
Considerations
1. Remove the inverter/charger from its shipping container.
Before mounting the Freedom SW 2000, take the following two factors into
account.
2. Verify that all components are present, and record relevant product
information on form WA-4 in the Freedom SW 2000 Sine Wave
Inverter/Charger Owner’s Guide.
1. The weight of the inverter/charger requires two people to install it.
3. Select an appropriate mounting location and orientation. To meet
regulatory requirements, the Freedom SW 2000 must be mounted in
one of the orientations shown in Figure 1 on page 18.
4. Mark the position of the mounting holes.
5. Pilot drill the four mounting holes.
HEAVY LOAD
The Freedom SW 2000 Inverter/Charger is heavy (see “Inverter/Charger
6. Fasten the inverter/charger to the mounting surface with four 1/4"–20
steel screws or bolts.
person to safely lift and mount. Xantrex recommends that two people lift
and mount the unit. Always use proper lifting techniques during
installation to prevent personal injury.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in minor or moderate
injury.
The Freedom SW 2000 approved mounting orientations are illustrated in
Mount your inverter/charger before you connect any wires or cables.
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Installing the Inverter/Charger
Figure 1 Mounting Orientations
Approved Mounting
Orientation?
Yes
Orientation
Desktop Mount
Comment
Ideal.
A
C
I
n
p
u
t
Battery
AGM/
Type
Search
Mode
Battery Bank
Capacity (Ah)
W
i
d
e
N
a
r
r
o
w
G
E
L
F
l
o
o
d
e
d
M
a
x
Off
1000
30
800
600
400
Fault
k
W
I
n
v
e
r
t
i
n
g
100
200
Batt
%
A
Charging
FREEDOM SW 2000
Upside-down Mount
Yes (for non-marine
applications only)
Suitable only for non-marine applications
with no risk of condensation or dripping
water.
2 0 0 0 S W
F R E E D O M
%
B a t t
g i n g
A
C h a r
2 0 0
4 0 0
1 0 0
i n t r
g
e v
a F u l t
k
W
I
n
6 0 0
8 0 0
1 0 0 0 f f
3 0
x a
M
O
o
l
o d e d
w
o
G E L
F
W
i
d
e
N
a
r
r
/
M
A G
(
y
h
)
p
a
c
i
t
M o d e
C
y
B a n k
c h
B a t
p
t e y
e
T r
y
S e a r
I n
C
p
A
u t
B a t t e r
Wall Mount DC on Left
Yes
On a vertical surface with DC terminals
facing left.
0 0 0 2
S W M O D E E R F
IMPORTANT: This orientation is also
suitable for marine applications only with
the installation of additional drip protection.
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Approved Mounting
Orientation?
Yes
Orientation
Wall Mount DC on Right
Comment
On a vertical surface with DC terminals
facing right.
IMPORTANT: This orientation is also
suitable for marine applications only with
the installation of additional drip protection.
FREEDOM SW 2000
Wall Mount DC Up
Wall Mount DC Down
975-0527-01-01
No
Not acceptable.
This orientation does not meet regulatory
requirements.
⌧
No
Not acceptable.
This orientation does not meet regulatory
requirements.
⌧
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Installing the Inverter/Charger
Step 3: Connecting the AC Input and AC Output Wires
General AC Wiring Considerations
AC and DC Wiring Separation Do not mix AC and DC wiring in the
same conduit or panel. Consult the applicable installation code for details
about DC wiring and AC wiring in vicinity to each other.
FIRE, ELECTRICAL SHOCK, AND ENERGY HAZARDS
Make sure wiring being connected to the inverter/charger is disconnected
(physically or by opening the breaker) from all electrical sources before
handling. All wiring must be done in accordance with local and national
electrical wiring codes.
AC Input and Output Isolation The AC input and output circuits of this
inverter/charger are isolated from each other when in invert mode to ensure
safe operation. This isolation must be maintained in the installation, by
being sure not to connect AC input and output wiring to a common point.
For example, do not route the AC input and output neutrals to a common
neutral bus.
Failure to follow these instructions will result in death or serious
injury.
AC Wiring Compartment For your reference, the AC wiring
compartment is shown in Figure 2 on page 21.
AC Knockouts There are two 1" trade-size knockouts on the front panel
of AC wiring box. Use the same trade size of strain relief as the trade size of
the knockout(s) you are using.
AC Wiring Terminals The AC wiring terminals accept cables of a
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Connecting AC Input Wires
Figure 2 shows the wiring compartment, which contains a grounding bus
(used to wire the AC input and output ground wires) and a terminal block
(used to wire the AC input and AC output connections).
EQUIPMENT DAMAGE
The terminal block is split into INPUT and OUTPUT sections. Damage
may occur if the unit is wired incorrectly.
Do not remove or loosen factory installed wiring.
Failure to follow these instructions can damage the unit and/or
damage other equipment.
When making the AC input and AC output connections, observe the correct
color code for the appropriate AC wire, as described in Table 2 on page 9.
To make the AC input connections:
Wiring box cover must be in place during
use to reduce risk of injury to persons
1. Locate the wiring compartment cover panel and remove the four
screws.
AC
OUT
L
2. Remove the cover panel from the unit to access the wiring
compartment.
N
G
3. Remove one of the AC knockouts from the front or side of the unit. Do
not leave the knockout inside the wiring compartment.
AC
IN
L
N
G
4. Install a strain-relief clamp in the AC knockout.
5. Run the AC wiring through the strain-relief clamp.
6. Strip approximately 2 inches (50 mm) off the jacket from the AC cable
and separate the wires.
AC GROUNDS
(BEHIND COVER)
7. Using a 1/4" blade slot screwdriver, loosen the terminal screws on the
terminals. Do not remove the screws.
Figure 2 AC Wiring Compartment
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Installing the Inverter/Charger
8. Connect the line and neutral wires to the input terminals (labeled AC
Neutral to N, and Ground to G.
Connecting AC Output Wires
9. Tighten the terminal screws. Leave some slack wire inside the wiring
box.
EQUIPMENT DAMAGE
Do not connect the output of the inverter to any incoming AC source.
10. Secure the strain-relief clamp on the AC input cable jacket.
Failure to follow these instructions can damage the unit and/or
damage other equipment.
To make the AC output wiring connections:
1. Remove one of the AC knockouts from the front or side of the unit. Do
not leave the knockout inside the wiring compartment.
IMPORTANT: The applicable installation code may not allow you to run
the AC input and AC output wiring through the same AC knockout.
2. Install a strain-relief clamp in the AC knockout and run the AC wiring
through the strain-relief clamp.
3. Strip approximately 2 inches (50 mm) off the jacket from the AC cable
and separate the wires.
4. Using a 1/4" blade slot screwdriver, loosen the terminal screws on the
AC output terminals. Do not remove the screws.
5. Connect the line and neutral wires to the output terminals (labeled AC
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Installing the Inverter/Charger
Table 4 Output AC Wire Size
Wire Size
No. 10 AWG
Color Coding
L: black:
N: white
G: green
6. Tighten the terminal screws. Leave some slack wire inside the wiring
box.
7. Secure the strain-relief clamp on the AC output cable jacket.
8. Attach the wiring compartment cover panel and tighten the four
screws.
9. Connect the outgoing AC wires to an AC load panel equipped with
circuit breakers.
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Installing the Inverter/Charger
Step 4: Connecting the DC Cables
DC Connection Precautions
2. Cut the DC ground cable to the required length. Strip off enough
insulation so you can install the terminals you will be using.
Xantrex recommends the use of crimp connectors. The connector
should be designed for a 1/4" stud size to connect to the Freedom SW
2000. If a crimp connector is used, it should be crimped using the tool
indicated by the connector manufacturer.
ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD
Connect and disconnect DC wiring only after opening the disconnect
switches or breakers at all AC and DC sources.
Failure to follow these instructions will result in death or serious
injury.
3. Attach the connectors to the ends of both cables. Make sure no stray
wire strands protrude from the connectors.
Recommended Cable Sizes and Lengths and Fuse Size
Preparing the Cables
To prepare the DC cables:
1. Cut the negative and positive cables to the required length. Strip off
enough insulation so you can install the terminals you will be using.
Xantrex recommends the use of crimp connectors. The connector
should be designed for a 5/16" DC stud size on the Freedom SW 2000
inverter, while battery/fuse cable end may require a larger size such as
3/8" to connect to the Freedom SW 2000. If a crimp connector is used,
it should be crimped using the tool indicated by the connector
manufacturer.
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Guidelines for Routing the DC Cables
Follow these guidelines to ensure maximum performance.
ELECTRICAL SHOCK AND FIRE HAZARD
Route the cables away from sharp edges that might damage the
insulation. Avoid sharp bends in the cable.
Failure to follow these instructions will result in death or serious
injury.
•
•
•
Do not attempt to use the chassis in place of the battery negative
connection for grounding. The inverter requires a reliable return path
directly to the battery.
To reduce the chance of radio frequency interference, keep the positive
and negative cables close together—ideally, held together by straps,
loom, or insulated clamps at regular intervals.
To ensure maximum performance from the inverter/charger, do not
route your DC cables through a DC distribution panel, battery isolator,
or other device that will cause additional voltage drops. The exception
is the DC fuse and Disconnect or the DC circuit breaker which is
required at the battery to protect the DC wiring.
•
To help avoid damage caused by reverse polarity battery connection, it
is a good idea to mark each end of each cable to identify it as a positive
(red) or negative (black) cable before routing the wiring.
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Connecting the DC Cables to the Inverter/Charger
To connect the DC cables:
1. Route the DC cables from the battery bank to the inverter/charger.
FIRE HAZARD
2. Install a DC fuse and disconnect switch or a DC circuit breaker
between the inverter/charger and the battery. It must be installed in the
positive side of the DC circuit, as close as possible to the battery.
Use only appropriately sized copper cable. Loose connections or
improper connections will overheat. Make sure the bolts supplied by
Xantrex on the inverter/charger are tightened to a torque of 10–11 ft-lbs
(13.6–14.9 Nm). Torque all other connections to the manufacturer’s
specifications. Make sure the DC cable, washers, and bolt are assembled
in the order shown in Figure 3.
This protects your battery and wiring in case of accidental shorting.
3. Open the DC disconnect switch or turn off the DC circuit breaker.
Failure to follow these instructions will result in death or serious
injury.
4. Connect one connector on the POSITIVE (+) cable to the POSITIVE
DC terminal on the inverter/charger, as shown in Figure 3. The
connector goes on first, then the flat washer (steel), lock washer
(steel), and nut 5/16” (steel).
5. Connect the other connector to the POSITIVE (+) terminal on the fuse
or breaker. Observe polarity carefully while completing the
installation.
EQUIPMENT DAMAGE DUE TO REVERSE POLARITY
Before making the final DC connection or closing the DC breaker or
disconnect, check cable polarity at both the battery and the inverter/
charger. Positive (+) must be connected to positive (+). Negative (–) must
be connected to negative (–).
Use a wrench to tighten the nut to a torque of 10–11 ft-lbs (13.6–
14.9 Nm) at the inverter/charger end. Observe the fuseholder or
breaker manufacturer’s recommendation at the other end.
Failure to follow these instructions can damage the unit and/or
damage other equipment.
6. Connect one connector on the NEGATIVE (–) cable to the
NEGATIVE (–) DC terminal on the inverter/charger, as shown in
Figure 3. The connector goes on first, then the flat washer (steel), and
nut 5/16” (steel).
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Installing the Inverter/Charger
Figure 4 DC Terminal Covers
Figure 3 DC Cable Connections
7. Before proceeding, check that the cable polarity is correct: POSITIVE
(+) on the inverter/charger is connected to the POSITIVE (+) on the
battery, and NEGATIVE (–) cable is connected to the NEGATIVE (–)
terminal on the inverter/charger.
IMPORTANT: The next step is the last cable connection you need to make.
A spark is normal when this connection is made.
8. Connect the other end of the cable to the NEGATIVE (–) terminal on
the battery.
9. Use a wrench to tighten the nut to a torque of 10–11 ft-lbs (13.6–
14.9 Nm) at the inverter/charger end.
to the inverter/charger, using the screws provided.
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Installing the Inverter/Charger
DC Grounding
The Chassis Ground point on the inverter/charger is used to connect the
chassis of the inverter/charger to your system’s DC grounding point, as
required by regulations for some installations. Use copper wire that is either
bare or provided with green insulation.
The grounding guideline given below assumes you are using the code-
using different sizes, refer to the applicable code for DC grounding detail.
2
000
te
r
e
A
C
Input
Narr
Batt
Wide
To connect the chassis ground:
er
/
y
T
y
pe
o
AG
GE
S
w
ML
ear
ch
Mode
F
lo
o
ded
M
ax
B
a
tte
C
a
p
r
y
O
ff
Bank
a
c
it
y
(
1000
800
600
400
A
h)
FR
EED
30
100
200
1. Using the appropriate wrench, loosen the bolt on the chassis ground
point shown in Figure 5.
O
S
M
BT
SW
REM
2
000
2. Connect the grounding cable between the chassis ground point and the
DC grounding point for your system.
In an RV or vehicle installation, the DC grounding point will usually
be the vehicle chassis or a dedicated chassis ground bus.
3. Tighten the nut to a torque of 4.7–5.4 ft-lbs (6.6–7.3 Nm).
Chassis ground point
Figure 5 DC Wiring and DC Grounding
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Installing the Inverter/Charger
Step 5: Connecting the Battery Temperature Sensor (BTS)
Installing a battery temperature sensor (BTS) extends the life of a battery by
preventing overcharging in warm temperatures and undercharging in cold
temperatures. With a BTS monitoring the battery temperature, the voltage
delivered to the battery is adjusted according to the battery’s actual
temperature.
Connector
The BTS has a self-adhesive backing and attaches to the side of the battery.
A 25-foot (7.6 m) cable is supplied with the BTS, as shown below.
Sensor cable
Mounting Options
You can mount the BTS in one of two ways:
•
Mounting the sensor to the negative battery post allows the internal
battery temperature to be sensed and provides the most accurate
results.
Sensor
•
Attaching the sensor to the side of the battery using the self-adhesive
backing also provides good results in most situations.
Figure 6 BTS with Cable
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Installing the Inverter/Charger
3. Wait 10 minutes for any explosive battery gases to dissipate.
Mounting to the Negative Battery Terminal
To mount the sensor on the negative battery terminal:
4. Remove the nut that connects existing wiring ring terminals to the
battery negative terminal stud.
5. Move or reorient the existing wiring ring terminals on the battery
negative terminal stud, so there is a flat surface on which to seat the
BTS mounting plate.
You may need to bend the ring terminal crimp and/or wires slightly
downward to allow the sensor to seat flush to the top surface of the
upper ring terminal.
Negative (–)
battery terminal
6. Mount the sensor directly on top of the ring terminal, as shown in
Figure 7, and firmly tighten the terminal nut.
FIRE HAZARD
In this procedure, you must install the DC wire on the battery terminal,
then install the sensor on top of the DC wire. This sequence is required to
provide the best connection to the battery and to ensure correct
performance of the sensor.
Failure to follow these instructions will result in death or serious
injury.
7. Check to ensure that the sensor and all wires are held firmly and
cannot be moved.
Figure 7 BTS Mounted on the Negative Battery Terminal
1. Select the battery to be monitored. The BTS should be connected to
the battery bank that is directly connected to the inverter/charger.
8. Turn the battery switch on again (if you opened it in Step 2.)
9. Route the sensor cable to the inverter/charger and plug it into the BTS
2. Switch off all devices operating from the battery, or open the battery
switch (if present) to disconnect the battery.
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Installing the Inverter/Charger
0
0
A
d
C
I
n
pu
t
W
B
a
e
t
t
e
r
N
y
a
r
T
y
r
o
A
w
G
p
e
M
/
G
E
L
S
e
a
F
l
r
o
o
c
de
M
h
d
o
d
e
M
a
x
Ba
t
t
e
C
r
y
O
a
p
B
a
ff
a
c
nk
t
y
(
A
1
0
0
h
)
8
6
0
0
0
0
0
F
3
0
4
0
0
R
2
0
0
1
0
E
E
D
O
S
T
M
B
S
W
M
E
R
2
0
0
0
S
T
B
M
E
R
Figure 8 Connecting the BTS Cable to BTS Jack
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Installing the Inverter/Charger
Mounting to the Side of the Battery Case
To mount the sensor on the battery case:
3. Clean the selected area thoroughly to remove any oil or grease that
could prevent the sensor from adhering to the battery case. Allow the
battery case to dry thoroughly.
4. Peel the protective backing from the self-adhesive strip on the rear of
the sensor.
5. Press the sensor firmly against the clean side of the battery to fix it in
place, as shown in Figure 9.
6. Route the sensor cable to the inverter/charger and plug it into the
length.
Figure 9 BTS Mounted on the Battery Case
1. Select the battery to be monitored.
The BTS should be connected to the battery bank that is directly
connected to the inverter/charger.
2. Select a side suitable for attaching the sensor.
The surface where the sensor is to be mounted must be flat and free
from reinforcing ribs or other raised features. This surface must be in
direct internal contact with the battery electrolyte. Do not install the
sensor near the top of the battery or on the battery’s top surface.
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Installing the Inverter/Charger
Step 6: Performing Checks Prior to Initial Start-Up
Before testing your installation, ensure these conditions are met:
❐
❐
Chassis and AC grounds are properly installed.
AC input connections and AC output connections are wired correctly
on the terminal block and not reversed.
❐
Positive (+) battery cable is connected to the positive (+) battery
terminal through the DC fuse and disconnect switch or DC circuit
breaker.
❐
❐
Negative (–) battery cable is connected to the negative (–) battery
terminal.
Battery voltage is within the proper range for this unit
(11–15 volts DC).
❐
❐
❐
DC disconnect switch or breaker is turned off.
AC input and output breakers are turned off.
All connections are tight.
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Installing the Inverter/Charger
Step 7: Testing Your Installation
ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD
The Inverter Enable button on the Freedom SW 2000 and the optional
accessories do not disconnect DC or AC input power to the Freedom SW
2000.
Low Battery
Cutoff
Battery Type
AGM/
Search
Mode
Battery Bank
Capacity (Ah)
LOW
HIGH GEL Flooded Max
Off
1000
30
800
600
400
100
W
A
Inverting
Charging
200
Failure to follow these instructions can result in death or serious
injury.
FREEDOM SW 2000
There are several tests to be performed for testing your installation. These
tests will verify that:
Figure 10 Freedom SW 2000 Front Panel
•
•
•
the Freedom SW 2000 works in invert mode,
the Freedom SW 2000 works in charge mode, and
the Freedom SW 2000 works in AC pass-through mode.
Testing in Invert Mode
To test the Freedom SW 2000 in invert mode, using a 100 watt light
bulb as the test load:
If the test fails at any point, go to “Step 6: Performing Checks Prior to
Initial Start-Up” on page 33 and go through the checklist again to check the
installation. Then perform the test again. If the test fails again, see the
troubleshooting section in the Freedom SW 2000 Sine Wave Inverter/
Charger Owner’s Guide.
1. Close the DC disconnect switch or the DC circuit breaker to supply
DC power to the Freedom SW 2000.
Make sure the voltage at the DC terminals on the Freedom SW 2000 is
correct, as described in “Step 6: Performing Checks Prior to Initial
2. Apply DC power to the inverter by switching on the DC disconnect
circuit breaker and then pressing the ON/STANDBY switch once.
The inverter will go through a self-test.
•
Each of the indicator lights will flash in sequence,
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Installing the Inverter/Charger
•
•
•
the cooling fan will turn on momentarily,
4. Switch the AC disconnect circuit breaker to OFF. The inverter will go
into invert mode (if a sufficient load is applied to the AC output while
in the search mode). The Invert Mode indicator light will illuminate
indicating the inverter is active. The voltage on the AC output of the
inverter will remain the same as above 120 Vac/60Hz (± 5%
the transfer relay will switch, and
the temperature sensors will be checked for open or short circuit.
3. After the self-test the unit will start inverting.
4. Using a true RMS AC voltmeter, check the output voltage of the
inverter. This voltage can be checked at either the AC terminal block
or in the sub-panel (between the line and neutral). The voltage should
be approximately 120 Vac/60Hz.
maximum) except when the unit is set to be in search mode.
5. Reapply the AC power by switching the AC disconnect to ON. Allow
the batteries to fully recharge.
IMPORTANT: The unit will not use battery energy for AC output as long as
AC input (utility or generator) is available to the inverter.
IMPORTANT: If the inverter is in Search Mode and a sufficient load is not
available to bring the inverter up to full voltage, turn the Search Mode
potentiometer fully counterclockwise to defeat the search function.
Installation Complete
Testing in Charge Mode
Your installation is now complete. The inverter/charger is ready for use.
The preceding tests use a light load (a light bulb) as a test case. If you
encounter problems when using a load over 1000 W (for example, a
hairdryer or microwave), see the troubleshooting information in the
Freedom SW 2000 Sine Wave Inverter/Charger Owner’s Guide.
1. Apply AC power to the inverter.
2. The inverter starts charging the batteries in the Bulk mode, indicated
by the Charge Mode indicator light illuminating orange. It takes about
15 seconds for the unit to transition from invert mode to charge mode
after the application of qualified AC.
3. Using a true RMS AC voltmeter, check the output voltage of the
inverter. This voltage can be checked at either the AC terminal block
or in the sub-panel (between the line and neutral). The voltage should
be approximately 120 Vac/60Hz. This ensures the inverter/charger is
delivering AC output in pass-through mode.
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Inverter/Charger Physical Specifications
For complete inverter/charger specifications, refer to the Freedom SW 2000
Sine Wave Inverter/Charger Owner’s Guide.
The physical specifications of the Freedom SW 2000 are described in Table
Table 5 Freedom SW 2000 Physical Specifications
Length
Width
15.2 inches (385 mm)
13.4 inches (340 mm)
7.9 inches (200 mm)
59.5 lb (27 kg)
Height
Weight
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Battery Information
Battery Bank Sizing
Estimating Battery Requirements
Battery capacity Battery size or capacity is just as important as the
battery type selected for use with the Freedom SW 2000. The batteries are
the most important part of your system, so Xantrex recommends that you
purchase as much battery capacity as possible. A large battery will extend
running time and ensure that your inverter/charger delivers full rated surge.
Calculating Battery Size
Step 1: Compute Amp-hours
For each appliance, compute the number of amp-hours that will be used
between charging cycles, as follows:
Xantrex recommends a minimum battery size of 200 amp-hours (Ah)
for moderate loads (<1000W) and greater than 400 Ah for heavy loads.
1. Obtain the wattage. If the wattage is marked on the nameplate rating,
use that. Otherwise, multiply the marked voltage and amperage:
WATTS = VOLTS × AMPS.
calculation.
2. Obtain the Watt-hours by multiplying that amount by the hours the
appliance will be used:
About Amp-hours A number of different standards are used to rate
battery energy storage capacity. Automotive and marine starting batteries
are normally rated in cranking amps. This is not a relevant rating for
continuous loads like an inverter. Deep-cycle batteries use a more suitable
rating system such as amp-hours (Ah).
WATT-HOURS = WATTS × HOURS.
3. Obtain the amp-hours that the appliance requires by dividing that
amount by 10 (the factor for the Freedom SW 2000, which is a 12-volt
system):
Amp-hour capacity is the number of amps a battery can continuously
deliver during a specified number of hours. It is represented by the product
of the two —amps multiplied by hours.
BATTERY AMP-HOURS USED = AC WATT-HOURS/10
For example, a 100 W light bulb that is used for 4 hours will use 400 watt-
hours (Wh) and the inverter will consume approximately 40 Ah from a 12
volt battery.
A typical marine or RV battery rated for 100 Ah can deliver 5 amps for 20
hours (5A × 20 hours = 100 Ah). This same battery can deliver a higher or
lower current for less or more time, limited approximately by the 100 Ah
figure (50 A for 2 hours or 200 A for 1/2 hour), but usually the capacity
figure given is only accurate for the specified duration (20 hours).
Step 2: Calculate Battery Size
Example” on page 38 for an example.
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Battery Information
Size the batteries at approximately twice the estimated total amp-hour
Troubleshooting If you find that the system shuts down when appliances
usage. Doubling the expected amp-hour usage ensures that the batteries will with large motors are started, the problem may be that this motor is too
not be overly discharged and extends battery life.
much for the battery. Even though you calculated the amp-hour
requirements appropriately, the startup of a large motor makes high
demands on the battery. You may find that adding more amp-hours (in the
form of extra batteries or replacement with a bigger battery) solves the
problem.
Resist the temptation to skip this doubling step. More capacity is better
since you will have more reserve capacity, be better able to handle large
loads and surge loads, and your battery won’t be discharged as deeply.
Battery life is directly dependent on how deeply the battery is discharged.
The deeper the discharge, the shorter the battery life.
Table 6 Battery Sizing Example
Daily watt-hours needed for
(A) Power Consumption
(Watts)
(B) Operating Time per Day
(Hours)
this appliance
(= A × B)
Appliance
TV & VCR
200 W
800 W
180 W
600 W
1500 W
2 hours
400 Wh
200 Wh
720 Wh
150 Wh
150 Wh
1620 Wh
Small microwave oven
3 lamps, 60 W each
Coffee maker
15 min = 1/4 hour
4 hours
15 min = 1/4 hour
6 min = 1/10 hour
Hair dryer
Total daily watt-hours of AC load
× Number of days between charges
3
= Total watt-hours of AC load between charges
Battery Ah used between charges (divide by 10 for 12 volt system; divide by 20 for 24 volt system)
Recommended Battery Bank Size in Ah (multiply by 2)
4860 Wh
486 Ah
972 Ah
This example illustrates how quickly your battery needs can escalate. To
reduce the required battery bank size, you can either conserve energy by
eliminating or reducing the use of some loads, or recharge more frequently.
38
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Battery Information
Battery Banks
Restrictions on Motor Size
As your power requirements increase, you may need to use more than one
battery to obtain sufficient capacity. Batteries can be connected in parallel,
in series, or in series-parallel to create higher capacity systems.
An appliance may require three to six times its normal running current in
order to start. The Freedom SW 2000 can handle surges to 4000 W for ten
seconds, which translates to a locked-rotor-amp rating of no more than 32
A. The locked rotor amp may be specified on the motor nameplate as
“LRA” or “LRI”.
information about battery inter-connection schemes.
Mixing Batteries Batteries connected in parallel should be of the same
When considering appliances with large motors, follow these guidelines:
type and amp-hour rating and from the same manufacturer.
•
Make sure that the motor’s LRA rating is no more than 32 A. The
Freedom SW 2000 may not be able to start a motor with a higher LRA,
and the Freedom SW 2000 will shut down if the attempt is made.
It is not recommended to connect batteries of different types, amp-hour
ratings or manufacturers. Improper charging and decreased battery life will
result.
•
Make sure the battery bank, DC cables and DC fuses are capable of
handling up to 450 A DC for ten seconds. A weaker circuit may not be
able to provide sufficient power to the Freedom SW 2000 to allow the
Freedom SW 2000 to start up the appliance. Again if the circuit cannot
deliver the required current, the system may shut down or the fuse may
open.
Battery Bank Sizing Worksheet
The following worksheet is a guide to help you determine your battery
needs. Be generous in estimating the time for which you will run each of the
loads to ensure sufficient battery capacity.
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Battery Information
Table 7 Battery Sizing Worksheet
Daily watt-hours needed for
this appliance
(= A × B)
(A) Power Consumption
(Watts)
(B) Operating Time per Day
(Hours)
Appliance
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
hours
hours
hours
hours
hours
hours
hours
hours
Wh
Wh
Wh
Wh
Wh
Wh
Wh
Wh
Wh
Total daily watt-hours of AC load
× Number of days between charges
= Total watt-hours of AC load between charges
Wh
Ah
Battery Ah used between charges (divide by 10 for 12 volt system; divide by 20 for 24 volt system)
Recommended Battery Bank Size in Ah (multiply by 2)
Ah
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Cabling and Hook-up Configurations
Several smaller batteries can be connected to create a battery bank of
substantial size. You can connect batteries in three ways: in parallel, series,
or series-parallel.
Parallel Connection
Batteries are connected in parallel when all the positive terminals of a group
of batteries are connected and then, separately, all the negative terminals are
connected. In a parallel configuration, the battery bank has the same voltage
as a single battery, but an Ah rating equal to the sum of the individual
batteries. See below.
To make a larger battery bank, connect individual batteries with heavy
cables. The actual size of the cable depends on whether the batteries are
connected in parallel or series. Generally, the cable should not be smaller
than the inverter cables—if the main cables are 4/0 AWG, the battery
interconnects should be 4/0 AWG.
The best configuration is to connect the batteries in series and parallel. This
requires additional cables, but reduces imbalances in the battery bank and
can improve the overall performance. Consult your battery supplier for
more information regarding the hook-up configuration required for your
system.
Figure 11 Batteries Connected in Parallel
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Cabling and Hook-up Configurations
Series Connection
When batteries are connected with the positive terminal of one battery to
the negative terminal of the next battery, they are connected in series. In a
series configuration, the battery bank has the same Ah rating of a single
battery, but an overall voltage equal to the sum of the individual batteries.
See below.
Figure 12 Batteries Connected in Series
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Cabling and Hook-up Configurations
Series-Parallel Connections
As the name series-parallel implies, both the series and parallel
configurations are used in combination. The result is an increase in both the
voltage and the capacity of the total battery bank. This is common with all
battery-inverter system voltages. The smaller, lower voltage batteries are
first connected in series to obtain the necessary voltage, and then these
“batteries connected in series” sets are connected in parallel to increase the
battery bank capacity. See below.
Figure 13 Batteries in Series-Parallel Connections
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Xantrex Technology Inc.
1 800 670 0707 Tel toll free
1 408 987 6030 Tel direct
1 800 994 7828 Fax toll free
customerservice@xantrex.com
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