ASMi-450
High-Speed HDSL Modem
Installation and Operation Manual
Notice
This manual contains information that is proprietary to RAD Data Communications. No part of this
publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoever without prior written approval by RAD Data
Communications.
No representation or warranties for fitness for any purpose other than what is specifically mentioned in this
manual is made either by RAD Data Communications or its agents.
For further information contact RAD Data Communications at the address below or contact your local
distributor.
RAD data communications
Headquarters
RAD data communications
US East
RAD data communications
US West
12 Hanechoshet Street
Tel Aviv 69710 Israel
Tel: 972-3-6458181
Fax: 972-3-6498250
E-mail: [email protected]
900 Corporate Drive
Mahwah, NJ 07430 USA
Tel: (201) 529-1100
Fax: (201) 529-5777
E-mail: [email protected]
7711 Center Avenue #350
Huntington Beach, CA 92647 USA
Tel: (714) 897-2448
Fax: (714) 891-1764
© 1997 RAD Data Communications Ltd.
Publication No. 634-200-11/97
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Safety Warnings
The exclamation point within a triangle is intended to warn the operator or service
personnel of operation and maintenance factors relating to the product and its operating
environment which could pose a safety hazard.
Always observe standard safety precautions during installation, operation and maintenance of this product.
Only qualified and authorized service personnel should carry out adjustment, maintenance or repairs to this
instrument. No adjustment, maintenance or repairs should be performed by either the operator or the user.
Telecommunication Safety
The safety status of each of the ports on the ASMi-450 is declared according to EN 41003 and is detailed
in the table below:
Safety Status
Ports
SELV
RS-530, X.21, V.35, V.24, V.36
HDSL
TNV operating within the limits of SELV
SELV = Safety Extra-Low Voltage
TNV = Telecommunications Network Voltage
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Regulatory Information
FCC-15 User Information
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits of the Class A digital device, pursuant
to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful
interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses
and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction
manual, may cause harmful interference to the radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a
residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the
interference at his own expense.
Warning per EN 55022
This is a Class A product. In a domestic environment, this product may cause radio interference, in which
case the user may be required to take adequate measures.
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Declaration of Conformity
Manufacturer’s Name:
RAD Data Communications Ltd.
Manufacturer’s Address:
12 Hanechoshet St.
Tel Aviv 69710
Israel
declares that the product:
Product Name:
ASMi-450
Conforms to the following standard(s) or other normative document(s):
EMC:
EN 55022 (1994)
Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance
characteristics of information technology equipment.
EN 50082-1 (1992) Electromagnetic compatibility - Generic immunity
standards for residential, commercial and light industry.
Safety:
EN 60950 (1992/93) Safety of information technology equipment, including
electrical business equipment.
Supplementary Information:
The product herewith complies with the requirements of the EMC Directive 89/336/EEC and the
Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC. The product was tested in a typical configuration.
Tel Aviv, January 23rd, 1997
Haim Karshen
VP Quality
European Contact: RAD Data Communications GmbH, Lyoner Strasse 14, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Functional Description....................................................................................................................... 1-1
Purpose and Main Features............................................................................................................... 1-1
Serial Data Port Characteristics ........................................................................................................ 1-2
Ethernet Interface Characteristics..................................................................................................... 1-2
HDSL Subsystem Characteristics ..................................................................................................... 1-3
System Timing.................................................................................................................................. 1-4
Control of ASMi-450 Operation....................................................................................................... 1-5
1.2 Operating Environment...................................................................................................................... 1-8
Transmission Media.......................................................................................................................... 1-8
HDSL Line Signal ............................................................................................................................ 1-8
HDSL Signal Structure ..................................................................................................................... 1-9
HDSL-Related System Functions..................................................................................................... 1-9
1.3 Technical Specifications .................................................................................................................. 1-10
Chapter 2 Installation
2.1 General............................................................................................................................................... 2-1
2.2 Unpacking.......................................................................................................................................... 2-2
2.3 Site Requirements .............................................................................................................................. 2-2
Power ................................................................................................................................................ 2-2
User's Port Connections.................................................................................................................... 2-2
HDSL Line Connections................................................................................................................... 2-2
Front and Rear Panel Clearance........................................................................................................ 2-2
Ambient Requirements ..................................................................................................................... 2-2
2.4 ASMi-450 Configuration Information............................................................................................... 2-3
General.............................................................................................................................................. 2-3
Opening ASMi-450 Case.................................................................................................................. 2-3
Jumper and Switch Location and Functions ..................................................................................... 2-4
Internal Settings Procedure............................................................................................................... 2-7
Reinstalling ASMi-450 Cover .......................................................................................................... 2-7
2.5 Connections........................................................................................................................................ 2-8
Connector Location........................................................................................................................... 2-8
Grounding......................................................................................................................................... 2-8
Power Connection............................................................................................................................. 2-9
User's Port Connections.................................................................................................................... 2-9
HDSL Line Connections................................................................................................................. 2-10
Control Port Connection ................................................................................................................. 2-10
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operating Instructions
3.1 Scope.................................................................................................................................................. 3-1
3.2 Front Panel Controls, Connectors, and Indicators ............................................................................. 3-2
Ethernet Interface Indicators............................................................................................................. 3-3
3.3 Control of ASMi-450 Operation, General ......................................................................................... 3-4
General.............................................................................................................................................. 3-4
General Operating Instructions......................................................................................................... 3-4
Display Functions ............................................................................................................................. 3-4
ASMi-450 Installation and Operation Manual
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Contents
Organization of ASMi-450 Display.................................................................................................. 3-6
Using Front-Panel Push-buttons ....................................................................................................... 3-6
3.4 System Configuration Parameters...................................................................................................... 3-8
3.5 Control Port Configuration Parameters.............................................................................................. 3-9
3.6 Operating Instructions...................................................................................................................... 3-10
Turn-on ........................................................................................................................................... 3-10
Checking Current Operating Configuration.................................................................................... 3-10
Normal Indications.......................................................................................................................... 3-11
Fault Indications ............................................................................................................................. 3-12
Turn-off........................................................................................................................................... 3-12
3.7 Local Configuration Set-Up Procedure............................................................................................ 3-13
Password Protection........................................................................................................................ 3-13
General Configuration Procedure ................................................................................................... 3-13
Specific Configuration Guidelines.................................................................................................. 3-15
3.8 LCD Configuration Error Messages ................................................................................................ 3-17
Chapter 4 ASMi-450 Control from the Control Port........................................................................................... 4-1
4.1 General............................................................................................................................................... 4-1
4.2 Hardware Requirements..................................................................................................................... 4-2
Terminal Characteristics ................................................................................................................... 4-2
Communication Requirements.......................................................................................................... 4-2
Handshaking Protocol....................................................................................................................... 4-2
AUTOBAUD Function..................................................................................................................... 4-4
4.3 Preparation for Use of Supervision Terminal .................................................................................... 4-5
ASMi-450 Preparations .................................................................................................................... 4-5
Supervision Terminal........................................................................................................................ 4-5
Connections ...................................................................................................................................... 4-5
4.4 ASMi-450 Supervision Language...................................................................................................... 4-6
Command Language Syntax............................................................................................................. 4-6
Command Options ............................................................................................................................ 4-6
Command Protocol ........................................................................................................................... 4-6
Index of Commands.......................................................................................................................... 4-7
4.5 ASMi-450 Command Set Description ............................................................................................... 4-9
4.6 Control Terminal Operating Instructions......................................................................................... 4-26
Starting a Session - Single ASMi-450 ............................................................................................ 4-26
Starting a Session - Multiple ASMi-450......................................................................................... 4-27
Control Session............................................................................................................................... 4-27
Ending a Control Session................................................................................................................ 4-28
4.7 Configuration Error Messages ......................................................................................................... 4-29
Chapter 5 Diagnostics
5.1 General............................................................................................................................................... 5-1
5.2 Status Indications and Messages........................................................................................................ 5-1
Indicators .......................................................................................................................................... 5-1
Display.............................................................................................................................................. 5-1
5.3 Test Functions.................................................................................................................................... 5-6
Test Functions................................................................................................................................... 5-6
TEST OPTIONS Operating Instructions .......................................................................................... 5-7
Installation and Operation Manual
ASMi-450
viii
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Contents
Activating the Test Functions from a Control Terminal................................................................... 5-8
5.4 Power-Up Self-Test ........................................................................................................................... 5-8
5.5 Troubleshooting Instructions ............................................................................................................. 5-9
Appendix A Connector Wiring
A.1 RS-530 DCE Connector and Adapter Cables .................................................................................. A-1
A.2 V.35 DCE Connector ....................................................................................................................... A-3
A.3 X.21 DCE Connector ....................................................................................................................... A-4
A.4 HDSL Line Connector ..................................................................................................................... A-5
A.5 RS-232 (V.24) Control Port Connector ........................................................................................... A-5
A.6 Ethernet Interface Connector ........................................................................................................... A-6
Appendix B SNMP Management
B.1 Scope................................................................................................................................................ B-1
B.2 SNMP Environment ......................................................................................................................... B-2
General............................................................................................................................................. B-2
SNMP Principles.............................................................................................................................. B-2
SNMP Operations.................................................................................................................................. B-2
The Management Information Base....................................................................................................... B-3
MIB Structure ........................................................................................................................................ B-3
MIBs Supported by the ASMi-450 SNMP Agent ................................................................................. B-3
Management Domains Under SNMP .............................................................................................. B-4
SNMP Communities.............................................................................................................................. B-4
Access Restriction Using SNMP Communities..................................................................................... B-4
ASMi-450 Communities........................................................................................................................ B-5
B.3 IP Environment................................................................................................................................. B-6
General............................................................................................................................................. B-6
IP Environment................................................................................................................................ B-6
IP Address Structure.............................................................................................................................. B-6
B.4 SNMP Traps..................................................................................................................................... B-8
Appendix C Installation in 19" Racks
C.1 General ............................................................................................................................................. C-1
C.2 Installation of Single Unit ................................................................................................................ C-2
C.3 Installation of Two Units.................................................................................................................. C-3
General............................................................................................................................................. C-3
Preparations ..................................................................................................................................... C-3
Fastening the Two Units.................................................................................................................. C-4
Installation and Operation Manual
ASMi-450
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Contents
Installation and Operation Manual
ASMi-450
x
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List of Figures
Figure 1-A. Typical Application for ASMi-450 with Data Interface ........................................................................ 1-2
Figure 1-B. Typical Application for ASMi-450 with Ethernet Interface................................................................... 1-2
Figure 1-C. Flow of Timing Signals through ASMi-450 System in the External Timing Mode............................... 1-4
Figure 1-D. Flow of Timing Signals through ASMi-450 System in the Internal Timing Mode ............................... 1-5
Figure 1-E. 2B1Q Encoding Rule.............................................................................................................................. 1-8
Figure 2-1. Identification of Cover Screws................................................................................................................ 2-4
Figure 2-2. ASMi-450 Internal Settings .................................................................................................................... 2-5
Figure 2-3. Typical ASMi-450 Rear Panels............................................................................................................... 2-8
Figure 3-A. ASMi-450 Front Panel ........................................................................................................................... 3-2
Figure 3-B. ASMi-450 Rear Panel (Ethernet Interface) ............................................................................................ 3-3
Figure 5-A. LOOP LOCAL PORT Loopback........................................................................................................... 5-6
Figure 5-B. LOOP REM REM PORT Loopback ...................................................................................................... 5-7
Figure C-1. Installation of Single Unit in 19" Rack.................................................................................................. C-2
Figure C-2. Preparation of Two ASMi-450 Units for Installation in 19" Rack........................................................ C-3
Figure C-3. Attachment of Two ASMi-450 Units Before Installation in 19" Rack.................................................. C-4
ASMi-450 Installation and Operation Manual
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List of Figures
Installation and Operation Manual
ASMi-450
xii
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List of Tables
Table 3-A. ASMi-450 Controls, Connectors and Indicators ..................................................................................... 3-2
Table 3-B. Ethernet Interface Indicators.................................................................................................................... 3-3
Table 3-C. System Parameters................................................................................................................................... 3-8
Table 3-D. Control Port Parameters........................................................................................................................... 3-9
Table 4-A. ASMi-450 Command Set Index .............................................................................................................. 4-8
Table 4-B. Control Terminal Alarm Messages........................................................................................................ 4-17
Table 4-2. Control Terminal Alarm Messages (Cont’d).......................................................................................... 4-18
Table 4-2. Control Terminal Alarm Messages (Cont’d).......................................................................................... 4-19
Table 4-C. ASMi-450 Default Configuration Used with Control Terminal............................................................ 4-23
Table 5-A. ASMi-450 Alarm Buffer Messages......................................................................................................... 5-2
Table 5-1. ASMi-450 Alarm Buffer Messages (Cont’d) ........................................................................................... 5-3
Table 5-1. ASMi-450 Alarm Buffer Messages (Cont’d) ........................................................................................... 5-4
Table 5-1. ASMi-450 Alarm Buffer Messages (Cont’d) ........................................................................................... 5-5
Table 5-B. Troubleshooting Chart ............................................................................................................................. 5-9
Table 5-2. Troubleshooting Chart (Cont’d)............................................................................................................. 5-10
Table A-1. RS-530 DCE Connector ......................................................................................................................... A-1
Table A-2. V.36/RS-449/422 DCE Interface Adapter Cable.................................................................................... A-2
Table A-3. V.35 DCE Connector.............................................................................................................................. A-3
Table A-4. DCE Connector, X.21 Interface ............................................................................................................. A-4
Table A-5. LINE Connector, Pin Allocation ............................................................................................................ A-5
Table A-6. Control Port Interface Signals ................................................................................................................ A-5
Table A-7. Ethernet Interface Connector.................................................................................................................. A-6
ASMi-450 Installation and Operation Manual
xiii
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List of Tables
Installation and Operation Manual
ASMi-450
xiv
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Quick-Start Guide
If you are familiar with HDSL transmission equipment, use this guide to prepare
(configure) an ASMi-450 for operation. The configuration activities can be
carried out either before or after the ASMi-450 is installed in its intended
location.
1. Starting the Configuration
Preliminary
Preparations
To configure the ASMi-450, you need an ASCII terminal, e.g., a VT-100, etc.,
or a PC running a terminal emulation program. You also need a standard cable
terminated in a 9-pin D-type male connector, for connecting the serial port of
your terminal to the CONTROL DCE connector located on the front panel of the
ASMi-450.
Configure your terminal for eight data bits, no parity, one stop bit, echo off, and
no flow control. You can use 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, or 9600 bps - the
ASMi-450 will automatically recognize the data rate you are using.
Starting Procedure
1. Turn the ASMi-450 on.
2. Connect the terminal cable to the CONTROL DCE connector of the
ASMi-450.
3. Press the Carriage Return (<CR> or ENTER) key three times in sequence:
you should see the ASMi-450 prompt, ASMI>.
If you see PASSWORD>, type ASMI and then press <CR> to obtain the prompt.
If you do not see the prompt:
•
•
•
•
Check the terminal configuration, and its connections to the ASMi-450, and
then repeat step 3 above.
Turn the ASMi-450 off about 15 seconds, and then turn it on again and
repeat step 3 above.
If this is the first time you are working on this ASMi-450 unit, refer to
Section 4-3 for preliminary configuration instructions.
Read ASMi-450 display. If the second row shows EMPTY, everything is
OK. If it shows SCROLL, press SCROLL and read the alarm messages.
Refer to Chapter 5 for instructions.
ASMi-450 Installation and Operation Manual
Quick-Start Guide - 1
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Quick-Start Guide
2. Configuration Procedure
You are ready to start ASMi-450 configuration. After typing a command, press
<CR> to see the data entry form:
•
•
Use the space bar to move the cursor to the desired field.
Use the F key to scroll forward, and the B key to scroll backward among the
available values. For free text fields, type the desired text.
•
•
When ready, press <CR> to display the next data entry page of the current
command. Pressing<CR> after the last data entry, executes the command.
You can exit without executing the changes by pressing CTRL-C at any
time before pressing <CR>.
To obtain correct display of data forms on your terminal, you must select the
terminal control sequences:
1. Type the command F.
2. In each field, type the code corresponding to your terminal type. The chart
below lists the codes for common terminal types:
Terminal Type
Function
TV920
VT52
VT100
Freedom 100/110
Freedom 220
Clear Screen
Cursor Home
Cursor Right
1B2A0000
1E000000
0C000000
N/A
1B5B324A
1B5B4800
1B5B3143
1B2A0000
1E000000
0C000000
1B5B324A
1B5B4800
1B5B0143
1B480000
1B430000
3. When done, press <CR>.
Configure the ASMi-450 in the following order:
Step
Action
Use the Command
1
2
3
4
5
Set ASMi-450 system time
Set ASMi-450 system date
TIME
DATE
DEF SP
DEF SYS
DEF AGENT
DEF NAME
DEF NODE
DEF PWD
Define control port characteristics
Define system characteristics
Define general system parameters
Quick-Start Guide - 2
ASMi-450 Installation and Operation Manual
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Quick-Start Guide
3. Command Index
Display the index of commands by typing the help command, H. The following
table lists the available commands.
Type
Configuration
Commands
Display Commands
Control Commands
DEF SYS
DSP ST SYS
RESET
DEF AGENT
DEF NAME
DEF PWD
DEF NODE
DATE
DSP ALM
DSP ALM REM
DSP HDR TST
INIT DB
CLR ALM
CLR REM ALM
System
TIME
DSP ST LINE
DSP HDSL PM LP1
or LP2
HDSL Lines
DSP R HDSL PM
LP1 or LP2
User's Port
DSP ST PORT
DSP TS
DEF SP
INIT F
F
DSP ST SP
H
Supervisory Port
EXIT
LOOP L PORT
LOOP R R PORT
CLR TST
Tests
CLR LOOP L PORT
CLR LOOP R PORT
ASMi-450 Installation and Operation Manual
Quick-Start Guide - 3
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Quick-Start Guide
Notes
Quick-Start Guide - 4
ASMi-450 Installation and Operation Manual
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Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1 Functional Description
Purpose and Main
Features
The ASMi-450 is a high-speed HDSL modem that enables long-range data
transmission over one unconditioned twisted-pair line, using the High Bit Rate
Digital Subscriber Line (HDSL) technology.
The HDSL technology offers a cost-effective and reliable solution for delivering
high-speed data to the subscriber premises over the existing copper cables and
subscriber loops of the local distribution plant.
The ASMi-450 is fully compatible with the ASMi-450C high-speed HDSL
modem card, which is intended for installation in the 12-Card HDSL/Modem
Hub with SNMP Management, LRS-12, offered by RAD.
The ASMi-450 can transmit full duplex over unconditioned AWG-22,
AWG-24, and AWG-26 twisted pair loops. Using advanced equalization,
adaptive filtering, and echo cancellation techniques, the ASMi-450 compensates
for line impairments, bridged taps, and mixed cables commonly encountered in
the local distribution network. Moreover, due to its high immunity to
background noise, the ASMi-450 enables the transmission of multiple HDSL
signals in the same physical cable without requiring pair selection.
The ASMi-450 is available in two versions, optimized for maximum range in
accordance with the user's payload data rate:
•
ASMi-450/1152: can transmit data rates of n×64 kbps, where n is 1 through
18 (corresponding to data rates of 64 to 1152 kbps). Typical ranges are up
to 4.5 km over AWG-24 (0.5 mm) cable, and up to 3.6 km over AWG-26
(0.4 mm) cable.
•
ASMi-450/768: can transmit data rates of n×64 kbps, where n is 1 through
12 (corresponding to data rates of 64 to 768 kbps). Typical ranges are up to
5.7 km over AWG-24 (0.5 mm) cable, and up to 4.1 km over AWG-26
(0.4 mm) cable.
Both ASMi-450 versions are available with two types of user interfaces:
•
Serial data port. The port can be ordered with V.35, RS-530, or X.21
interface (the RS-530 interface also supports V.36/RS-422/RS-442 by
means of an adapter cable).
ASMi-450 Installation and Operation Manual
1-1
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Introduction
•
Ethernet 10BaseT interface. The interface can use unshielded and shielded
twisted pair (UTP and STP) media. The ASMi-450 also includes a remote
bridge, that can be enabled/disabled by the user.
Figure 1-1 shows a typical application for an ASMi-450 with serial data
interface, and figure 1-2 shows a typical application for an ASMi-450 with
Ethernet interface.
LAN
LAN
HDSL Line
V.35
V.35
768kbps
768kbps
BRIDGE
ASMI-450
ASMI-450
BRIDGE
Figure 1-A. Typical Application for ASMi-450 with Data Interface
REMOTE
LAN
LOCAL
LAN
HDSL Line
ASMI-450
ASMI-450
Figure 1-B. Typical Application for ASMi-450 with Ethernet Interface
Serial Data Port
Characteristics
The user's data port of the ASMi-450/768 and ASMi-450/1152 can be ordered
with the following interface options:
•
•
•
•
V.35 interface: 34-pin female connector.
X.21 interface: 15-pin D-type female connector.
RS-530/RS-422 interface: 25-pin D-type female connector.
V.36/RS-422/RS-449 interface: a 37-pin D-type male connector is provided
by means of an adapter cable that connects to the RS-530/RS-422
connector.
The user's port interface has two timing options:
•
Internal clock - the ASMi-450 user's port provides transmit and receive
clock to the equipment connected to the port.
•
External clock - the equipment connected to the ASMi-450 provides the
transmit clock to the user's port, and the ASMi-450 returns a receive clock
locked to the external transmit clock.
Ethernet Interface
Characteristics
The Ethernet interface has a 10BaseT interface complying with the IEEE 802.3
standard, and is terminated in an RJ-45 shielded connector, which can operate
over UTP and STP media.
1-2
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Introduction
The interface includes a full-feature remote bridge, that operates at the physical
and data link layers of the OSI model, and is therefore completely transparent to
higher level protocols, such as TCP/IP, DECnet, XNS, ISO, and to operating
systems, such as NetWare, VINES, and 3COM+.
The bridge operates as a media access (MAC) layer remote bridge with self-
learning capabilities: it learns and automatically recognizes the addresses of the
nodes attached to the local LAN (the LAN directly attached to the ASMi-450
interface), and uses this information to filter the LAN traffic. The address
information is stored in tables, which can store up to 10,000 addresses. The
address information is automatically updated (aging time is 5 minutes, that is, if
no frames are received from a node for 5 minutes, the node address is
automatically removed from the tables to ensure that only fresh addresses are
used).
Therefore, the bridge blocks the packets addressed to local nodes, and forwards
through the ASMi-450 link only multicasts, broadcasts, and packets addressed
to nodes attached to the remote LAN. To increase transmission efficiency, the
bridge compresses short packets by automatically recognizing the padding bits
in 64-bit frames, transmitting only the payload, and reconstructing the packets
at the remote end.
The filtering and forwarding can be performed at a rate of up to 15,000 packets
per second (provided the bandwidth selected on the HDSL link is sufficient to
carry the resulting payload rate).
When bridging is not necessary, e.g., for LAN extender applications, the user
can disable the bridge: in this case, the ASMi-450 operates as a repeater that
transfers transparently all the traffic to the remote end.
HDSL Subsystem
Characteristics
The ASMi-450 HDSL subsystem uses duplex transmission over one 2-wire line.
The ASMi-450 can operate on unloaded AWG-22, AWG-24, and AWG-26
twisted-wire pairs, and other similar pairs. Up to two bridged taps, having a
length of up to 500 meters, are tolerated.
The HDSL line interface is terminated in an RJ-45 eight-pin connector.
The line code on the HDSL lines is 2B1Q at a symbol rate approximately equal
to half the maximum data rate:
•
•
ASMi-450/768: 392 kbaud
ASMi-450/1152: 584 kbaud.
The increased symbol rate is used to provide framing and synchronization, and
an embedded operations channel, which enables end-to-end system management
and supervision.
The HDSL subsystem operates in a master-slave mode:
•
The central unit, located at the central office side of the link, which serves
as the line termination unit (LTU), controls the system start-up procedure,
and provides the timing reference for HDSL line transmission.
ASMi-450 Installation and Operation Manual
1-3
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Introduction
•
The remote unit, located at the remote end of the link (customer side),
serves as the network termination unit (NTU).
The ASMi-450 supports both the central (LTU) and the remote (NTU) operating
modes; the actual operating mode (LTU or NTU) is user-selectable.
System Timing
The ASMi-450 offers selectable timing options, which enable the distribution of
timing over the HDSL system, from the central office to the remote end.
•
ASMi-450 Unit Configured as Central Unit (LTU). The ASMi-450 unit
configured as central unit has two timing modes: external timing and
internal timing.
àꢀExternal timing. With external timing, the ASMi-450 system timing is
locked to the clock signal received from the user's equipment (this mode
is not supported when the ASMi-450 is equipped with an Ethernet
interface). This mode allows locking the system timing to the timing of
the network to which the local ASMi-450 unit is connected, and thus it
enables providing the network timing to the equipment on the
customer's premises.
The local HDSL transmit timing is locked to the incoming clock signal,
therefore the transmit path of the local ASMi-450 transparently transfers
the timing from the user's equipment to the HDSL line.
Figure 1-3 shows the flow of timing signals through the ASMi-450 system in
the external timing mode.
CENTRAL ASMi-450
REMOTE ASMi-450
HDSL Line
Local
User's
DTE
Remote
User's
DTE
User
Interface
HDSL Line
Interface
HDSL Line
Interface
User
Interface
Timing
Source
Figure 1-C. Flow of Timing Signals through ASMi-450 System in the External Timing Mode
àꢀInternal timing. With internal timing, the ASMi-450 system timing is
determined by the clock signal generated by an internal crystal
oscillator. This clock signal is supplied to the HDSL transmit path and
to the user's equipment.
The internal timing mode is suitable for point-to-point configurations.
Figure 1-4 shows the flow of timing signals through the ASMi-450
system in the internal timing mode.
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Introduction
CENTRAL ASMi-450
Internal
REMOTE ASMi-450
~
Timing
HDSL
Line
Local
User's
DTE
Remote
User's
DTE
User
Interface
HDSL Line
Interface
HDSL Line
Interface
User
Interface
Timing
Source
Figure 1-D. Flow of Timing Signals through ASMi-450 System in the Internal Timing Mode
•
ASMi-450 Unit Configured as Remote Unit (NTU). The ASMi-450 unit
configured as remote unit always locks its internal system timing to the
incoming HDSL signal, which is received from the ASMi-450 unit
configured as central unit. The receive path of the ASMi-450 uses the
recovered timing to generate the data stream supplied to the equipment
connected to the remote user's port. Therefore, the receive path of the
remote ASMi-450 transparently transfers the timing from the HDSL line to
the remote user's equipment.
Control of
ASMi-450
Operation
The ASMi-450 system is designed for unattended operation. The configuration
of the ASMi-450, that is, a complete collection of operating parameters, is
determined by a data base stored in non-volatile memory.
Local Control
The ASMi-450 can be controlled by means of a simple menu, operated by push-
buttons located on the front panel. During set-up, an LCD display guides the
operator in the execution of the desired operations. The display provides
information concerning the current system configuration and operating mode,
and the available values of each programmable parameter. In case of operator
errors, the ASMi-450 displays a message that explains the error and helps the
operator take the correct action.
Remote Management
In addition to front panel control, the ASMi-450 supports management from a
remote location. The remote management capabilities can be used to perform
the following activities:
•
•
•
•
ASMi-450 configuration.
Reading of ASMi-450 status.
ASMi-450 testing.
Display of alarm status and history.
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Introduction
The remote management functions are performed through a serial RS-232 port
that enables serial communication with a supervision terminal.
Using the supervision terminal functions, the user can also enable remote
management using IP communications, i.e., Telnet and SNMP. The IP
communication uses the Serial Link Internet Protocol (SLIP).
Note
Support for Telnet and SNMP is available for ASMi-450 with software version
1.0 and higher. If your ASMi-450 does not support Telnet and SNMP, contact
RAD Technical Support Department for upgrade information.
The remote management capabilities available through the serial RS-232 port
are as follows:
•
Management by means of a Supervision Terminal. Any “dumb” ASCII
terminal connected to the RS-232 port of the ASMi-450 (or a PC running a
terminal emulation program), controlled by the program stored in the
ASMi-450, can be used as a supervision terminal. The control port can be
used to perform the following activities:
àꢀASMi-450 configuration.
àꢀReading of ASMi-450 status.
àꢀASMi-450 testing.
àꢀDisplay of alarm status and history.
The supervision terminal can communicate with the ASMi-450 using
either point-to-point, or polled (multidrop) communication. For polling
purposes, each ASMi-450 can be assigned an eight-bit address, for a
maximum of 255 nodes (the zero address is reserved for non-polled
communication).
As an option, a dial-up modem can be connected to the control port, to
provide call-in capabilities.
In addition to the remote management functions listed above, the
supervision terminal is also used for the preliminary configuration of
the ASMi-450, to enable the use of IP communication for Telnet and
SNMP management.
•
•
Management by means of Telnet. The ASMi-450 also supports the Telnet
protocol, which enable remote management using the same command line
interface available with a supervision terminal. Telnet uses TCP/IP
communication through the RS-232 port of the ASMi-450.
SNMP Management. The SNMP management capability enables fully
graphical, user-friendly management using the RADview network
management stations offered by RAD, as well as management by other
SNMP-based management systems.
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Introduction
Test and Diagnostics Capabilities
The ASMi-450 has comprehensive diagnostics capabilities. ASMi-450 models
with serial data port support the following types of test functions:
•
Local loopback on the user's port of the local ASMi-450 (LOOP LOCAL
PORT).
•
Remote loopback on the user's port of the remote ASMi-450 (LOOP REM
REM PORT).
These loopbacks may not be activated for an ASMi-450 equipped with Ethernet
interface, because this would cause a continuous state of collision on the LAN,
thereby disrupting the traffic on the LAN.
Maintenance is further enhanced by advanced self-test capabilities, and by an
automatically performed power-up self-test that provides circuit-level
diagnostics data.
Alarms
The ASMi-450 stores alarms detected during its operation in a buffer that can
hold up to 100 alarms. During regular operation, the front panel LCD display
shows if there are any alarms in the alarm buffer, to notify the local operator
that alarm conditions have been detected. The local operator can then review the
contents of the alarm buffer on the front panel display, and can delete old
alarms.
In addition to the alarm buffer, front-panel LED indicators display in real time
the activity on the ASMi-450 user's port, the state of the LAN, and the
synchronization status and transmission quality of the HDSL line, and alert
when test loops are present in the system.
Physical Characteristics
The ASMi-450 is a compact unit, intended for installation on desk tops or
shelves. Unit height is only 1U (1.75").
An optional rack-mount adapter kit enables the installation of one or two
ASMi-450 units in a 19" rack.
Power Requirements
The ASMi-450 can be powered by 115 VAC and 230 VAC, 47 to 63 Hz. As an
option, the ASMi-450 can also be ordered with a -48 VDC power supply.
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Introduction
1.2 Operating Environment
This section describes the HDSL environment, with special emphasis on the
implementation used in the ASMi-450 to provide the background information
required for understanding the configuration parameters of the ASMi-450
system.
Transmission
Media
HDSL systems are intended to operate on the local subscriber plant, which
typically uses a mixture of unshielded twisted-wire pairs. Moreover, it also
necessary to tolerate bridges taps. Therefore, HDSL systems must operate
properly on this media. The only requirement is that the lines must not be
loaded. In addition, it is assumed that the nominal impedance of the loops is
135 ohms, and that the loops are balanced with respect to ground.
HDSL Line Signal
The line code on the HDSL loop is 2B1Q (2 Binary, 1 Quaternary). This is a
four-level pulse-amplitude modulation code without redundancy, under which
each pair of information bits is converted to a quaternary symbol, called quat
(bits can assume two signal levels, whereas quats have four levels).
The encoding rule of the 2B1Q code is as follows:
Binary Digits
Quaternary Symbol
00
01
10
11
-3
-1
+3
+1
The levels of the quaternary signal are symmetrically located around the 0V,
and the nominal peak symbol level specified by the HDSL standards is 2.64V.
Figure 1-5 illustrates the 2B1Q encoding rule.
+3 (+2.64V)
+1 (+0.88V)
time
(0.00V)
-1 (-0.88V)
-3 (-2.64V)
Quats
Bits
-1
01
+3
10
+1
11
-3
-3
+1
11
+3
10
-3
-1
-1
+1
11
-1
-3
+3
10
+3
10
-1
+1
11
00
00
00
01
01
01
00
01
Figure 1-E. 2B1Q Encoding Rule
Due to the encoding of two bits into one symbol, the symbol rate on the HDSL
line is half the bit rate. Taking into consideration the highest payload rate
supported by the ASMi-450, 1152 kbps, and some overhead, the required line
data rate is 1168 kbps (equivalent to a symbol rate of 584 kbaud).
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Introduction
By reducing the line symbol rate, the maximum range that can be reached is
increased. This is achieved by offering several versions of ASMi-450, each
operating up to a given maximum rate. Together with the advanced digital
signal processing techniques implemented in HDSL systems, this results in a
robust data transmission system that can reliably operate over regular
unconditioned local loops.
HDSL Signal
Structure
The HDSL signal is organized in frames. The HDSL frames carry user data,
framing and synchronization data, and overhead data. The overhead data is used
for a supervision and management channel, called embedded operations channel
(EOC) that serves for status transfer, diagnostic loopbacks and tests, etc.
HDSL-Related
The HDSL subsystem performs the following main functions:
System Functions
•
•
•
•
Mapping of input data bits into frames.
Start-up process.
Frame alignment.
System management by means of the EOC channel.
To achieve proper operation, one of the unit<F14P11>s serves as the master that
controls the system start-up procedure, provides the timing reference for HDSL
loop transmission, and manages the communication on the EOC channel. The
master unit is called line termination unit (LTU) and is located at the central
office side of the link; the other unit is called network termination unit (NTU)
and is located at the remote end of the link.
The transmission of data on the HDSL loop is full duplex. To enable duplex
transmission, HDSL transceivers use an echo canceller, based on advanced
digital signal processing (DSP) techniques. When starting system operation, the
echo canceller is “trained”, to enable the separation of the received signal from
the transmit signal. The training is performed by transmitting a special sequence
for a predetermined period. This process is called “start-up process”; data
transmission can start only after its successful completion.
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Introduction
1.3 Technical Specifications
HDSL Interface
Signal Format
2B1Q line coding
Line Type
One unconditioned, unloaded twisted pair
Nominal Impedance
Transmit Pulse Shape
Transmit Signal Power
Loop Loss
135Ω
Per ANSI T1E1.4/92-002RI and ETSI ETR-152
+13 dBm
− 35 dB max. at 200 kHz (392 kbaud)
− 31 dB max. at 150 kHz (584 kbaud)
Typical Range (AWG 24 Wire (0.5 mm))
392 kbaud
5.7 km
584 kbaud
4.5 km
− 16 dB minimum, 40 kHz to 200 kHz @ 392 kbaud
− 16 dB minimum, 25 kHz to 317 kHz @ 584 kbaud
− 35 dB maximum at 200 kHz (392 kbaud)
− 31 dB maximum at 150 kHz (584 kbaud)
− 6 dB at 392 kbaud
Return Loss (Relative to 135Ω)
Loop Loss
Noise Margin
− 3.3 dB for 584 kbaud
Equalizer
Automatic adaptive equalizer
Connector
RJ-45
User's Serial Data Port Interface
Interface Type
V.35, V.36/RS-422, RS-530, or X.21, in accordance with
order
Bit Rates
ASMi-450/768
ASMi-450/1152
Interface Connectors
V.35
n×64 kbps, up to 768 kbps
n×64 kbps, up to 1152 kbps
34-pin, female
RS-530
25-pin D-type, female
RS-449/V.36
X.21
37-pin D-type, female (via adapter cable)
15-pin D-type, female
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Introduction
Ethernet Interface
Compliance
IEEE 802.3
Interface Type
10BaseT for use on UTP and STP media
RJ-45 shielded eight-pin connector
Remote MAC-layer bridge with self-learning
Interface Connector
Internal Bridge
Indicators
− Transmit Data (TD)
− Receive Data (RD)
− Link status
User's Serial Data Port
Ethernet Port
− Collision indicator
− Transmit and receive data activity
− LOS (loss of synchronization)
− QLTY (good quality)
− TEST
HDSL Line
Status
− ALARM
Diagnostics
− Local loopback on the user's serial data port of the local
Loopbacks
ASMi-450
− Remote loopback on the user's serial data port of the
remote ASMi-450
Timing Modes
− Internal timing, derived from local oscillator
− External timing, locked to user's port receive clock
Central Unit
Remote Unit
Loopback timing, derived from incoming HDSL receive
clock
Front Panel Controls
LCD
2×16 characters
Push-buttons
Control Port
Interface
CURSOR, SCROLL, ENTER
ITU-T Rec. V.24/EIA RS-232, asynchronous DCE interface
for direct connection of control terminal
Data Rate
300, 1200, 2400, 9600, with Autobaud option
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Introduction
− One start bit
Word Format
− 7 or 8 data bits
− Parity: none, odd, or even
− One stop bit
Connector
9-pin D-type, female
Physical Characteristics
Depth
243 mm (9.5")
215 mm (8.5")
43 mm (1.7")
1.5 kg (3.5 lb.)
Width
Height
Weight
Power
AC Source
110V to 240VAC, 47 to 63 Hz, 5W
-48VDC
DC Source
Environment
Operating Temperature
Relative Humidity
0 to 50°C (32 to 122°F)
Up to 90%, non-condensing
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Chapter 2
Installation
2.1 General
The ASMi-450 is delivered completely assembled. It is designed for installation
as a desk-top unit or for mounting in a 19" rack.
Mechanical and electrical installation procedures for the ASMi-450 are
provided in the following paragraphs. For rack installation instructions, refer to
Appendix C.
After installing the unit:
•
Refer to Chapter 3 for system configuration information and procedures
using the front panel controls.
•
Refer to Chapter 4 for system configuration procedures using an ASCII
terminal connected to the ASMi-450 control port.
In case a problem is encountered, refer to Chapter 5 for test and diagnostics
instructions.
Warning
No internal settings, adjustment, maintenance, and repairs may be
performed by either the operator or the user; such activities may be
performed only by a skilled technician who is aware of the hazards
involved.
Always observe standard safety precautions during installation, operation,
and maintenance of this product.
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Installation
2.2 Unpacking
A preliminary inspection of the equipment container should be made before
unpacking. Evidence of damage should be noted and reported immediately.
Unpack the equipment as follows:
•
Place the container on a clean flat surface, cut all straps, and open or
remove top.
•
•
Take out the ASMi-450 carefully and place it securely on a clean surface.
Inspect the product for damage. Report immediately any damage found.
2.3 Site Requirements
Power
AC-powered ASMi-450 units should be installed within 1.5m (5 feet) of an
easily-accessible grounded AC outlet capable of furnishing the nominal supply
voltage (115 or 230 VAC, in accordance with your order).
DC-powered ASMi-450 units require a -48 VDC power source.
User's Port
Connections
The user's port connector, designated DCE, depends on the interface type
installed on the unit:
•
•
•
•
V.35 interface: 34-pin female connector.
X.21 interface: 15-pin D-type female connector.
RS-530/RS-422 interface: 25-pin D-type female connector.
V.36/RS-422/RS-449 interface: a 37-pin D-type male connector is provided
by means of an adapter cable that connects to the RS-530/RS-422
connector.
•
Ethernet interface: shielded RJ-45 connector (supports both UTP and STP
media).
Appendix A provides information on the pin allocation of the user's port
connectors, and for the adapter cable.
HDSL Line
Connections
The HDSL line of the ASMi-450 is terminated in an RJ-45 connector. Appendix
A provides the pin allocation for this connector.
Front and Rear
Panel Clearance
Allow at least 90 cm (36 inches) of frontal clearance for operator access. Allow
at least 10 cm (4 inches) clearance at the rear of the unit for interface cable
connections.
Ambient
Requirements
The ambient operating temperature of the ASMi-450 should be 32 to 122°F (0 to
50°C), at a relative humidity of up to 90%, non-condensing.
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Installation
2.4 ASMi-450 Configuration Information
General
This paragraph provides information on the functions of the internal jumpers
and switches, to help in the selection of the correct setting for particular
application, and gives step-by-step instructions for performing the internal
settings. The default settings are also listed.
All the other configuration actions can be performed from the front panel or from
a control terminal, after the installation is completed. Information and detailed
instructions for these operations appear in Chapters 3 and 4, respectively.
Prior to ASMi-450 installation, it is necessary to check the positions of its
internal jumpers and switches. If necessary, change the settings in accordance
with the specific requirements of your application.
Warning - Electrical Shock Hazard
Access to the inside of the unit is permitted only to qualified and authorized
service personnel.
Disconnect the unit from the power line and from all the cables before
removing cover.
Line voltages are present inside the ASMi-450 when it is connected to
power and/or to the lines. Moreover, under external fault conditions
dangerous voltages may appear on the lines connected to the ASMi-450.
Any adjustment, maintenance, and repair of the opened instrument under
voltage should be avoided as much as possible and, when inevitable, should
be carried out only by a skilled technician who is aware of the hazard
involved. Capacitors inside the instrument may still be charged even after
the instrument has been disconnected form its source of supply.
Caution
The ASMi-450 contains components sensitive to electrostatic discharge (ESD).
To prevent ESD damage, avoid touching the internal components, and before
moving jumpers, touch the ASMi-450 frame.
Opening ASMi-450
Case
To reach the internal jumpers and switches of the ASMi-450, it is necessary to
open its case. The case cover is held by four screws, identified in figure 2-1.
After releasing the screws, the cover can be removed.
Use the following procedure:
•
•
Disconnect all the cables connected to the ASMi-450.
Refer to figure 2-1, turn the unit over, and unscrew the four cover screws.
Keep the screws in a safe place.
•
After the four screws are released, remove ASMi-450 top cover by pulling
it straight up.
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Installation
Figure 2-1. Identification of Cover Screws
Jumper and Switch
Location and
Functions
The ASMi-450 consists of a main board and a user's port interface board. The
jumpers and switches located on the ASMi-450 main board are identified in
figure 2-2. Their functions are described below.
In addition to the jumpers listed below, the ASMi-450 has additional jumpers,
that are set by the manufacturer and must not be changed by you.
Note
Figure 2-2 also indicates the location of the 1A protection fuses, F1 and F2,
used to protect the line side of the isolation transformers of the HDSL line.
The type of user's port interface board depends on the interface installed on your
ASMi-450. None of the user's port interface boards offered with the ASMi-450
includes user-selectable jumpers.
Switch S1
The ASMi-450 is delivered with a set of default parameters that allow the user
to start the configuration activities from a known state. These parameters are
stored in its program EPROM, and therefore cannot be modified. By
configuring the ASMi-450, the user specifies custom parameter values; these
parameter values are stored in the ASMi-450 data base (located in non-volatile
memory), and are automatically loaded each time the ASMi-450 is powered up.
Note
If during the power-up self-test, it is found that the user's configuration has
been corrupted, the ASMi-450 will automatically reload the default parameters
from its EPROM.
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Installation
Figure 2-2. ASMi-450 Internal Settings
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Installation
DIP switch S1 allows the user to control the reloading of the desired group of
default parameters. The switch has four sections used for the following
purposes:
•
Switch section DEF SP. This section selects the source of the control port
parameters:
ON
ASMi-450 uses the default parameters stored in its program
EPROM. The default values are Autobaud, eight data bits,
and no parity.
OFF
ASMi-450 uses the user-selected parameters.
Upon first-time operation, you should use the ON position to start the
configuration. You can select this position again to restart with the default
parameters in case the current values are not known, and it is not possible to
communicate with the ASMi-450 through its control port.
The ASMi-450 is shipped with this section set at OFF.
•
Switch section DB INT. This section selects the source of the data base
configuration parameters:
ON
ASMi-450 uses the default parameters stored in its program
EPROM.
OFF
ASMi-450 uses the user-selected parameters.
The ASMi-450 is delivered with the data base loaded with the default
parameters. You can select this position again to restart with the default
parameters in case the current values are not known.
The ASMi-450 is shipped with this section set at OFF.
•
•
Switch section MS/SV. This section is reserved for future features, and
must be always set at ON.
The ASMi-450 is shipped with this section set at ON.
Switch section PSWD. A password, consisting of up to eight alphanumeric
characters, can be used to prevent unauthorized personnel from using the
ASMi-450 control program. The ASMi-450 is delivered with a default
password, ASMI, but normally the password is selected by the user.
The PSWD section is used to select between the default ASMi-450
password (the ON position) and the user-selected password (the OFF
position). The ASMi-450 address (node number) is also affected by the
setting of the PSWD section: with the jumper set at ON, the node number is
set to 0.
Upon first-time operation, you should use the ON position to start the
configuration. You can select this position again to restart with the default
password and node address 0 in case the current user password was lost.
The ASMi-450 is shipped with this section set at OFF.
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Installation
Note
User-selected parameter values are not erased by setting one or more switch
sections to ON: this action merely causes the ASMi-450 to use the default
values. However, if the ASMi-450 is turned off and then powered up again, the
default values replace the user values.
Jumper R/C
The jumper designated R/C, is used to select the function of the ASMi-450 unit:
C
R
The ASMi-450 unit operates as a central unit (LTU).
The ASMi-450 unit operates as a remote unit (NTU).
The ASMi-450 shipped with the jumper set at C.
Jumper FGND/GND
The jumper FGND/GND controls the connection between the ASMi-450 signal
ground and the frame (chassis) ground.
YES
NO
Signal ground is connected to the frame (chassis) ground.
Signal ground is not connected to the frame ground.
The ASMi-450 is shipped with the jumper set at YES (connected).
Setting the jumper to NO may invalidate the safety of connection to
telecommunication networks in certain locations, where permanent excessive
voltages are present on the lines.
Internal Settings
Procedure
Refer to figure 2-2, and identify jumper and switch locations and settings.
Change settings as required.
Reinstalling
After completing the internal settings, reinstall the top cover as follows:
ASMi-450 Cover
•
•
Position the lower half of the ASMi-450 case on a flat, clean surface.
Check that the decorative black plastic strips on the sides on the unit are still
in place (if not, place the strips in the grooves on the sides of the lower
half).
•
Identify the front and rear of the top cover, and position the cover on the
lower half of the ASMi-450, so that the cover guides are located just above
the holes in the lower half. Close the cover and ensure that the protruding
tips of the cover guides enter the corresponding recesses in the lower half.
•
•
Hold the cover in place, and turn the assembly over, to gain access to the
bottom of the unit.
Insert the original cover screws in their positions and tighten carefully. Do
not use excessive torque.
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Installation
2.5 Connections
Connector
Location
Figure 2-3 shows typical rear panels of ASMi-450 units, and identifies
connector locations:
•
Figure 2-3.A shows the rear panel of an AC-powered ASMi-450 unit (the
unit shown in this figure has an RS-530 interface).
•
Figure 2-3.B shows the rear panel of a DC-powered ASMi-450 unit (the
unit shown in this figure has an Ethernet interface; for an explanation of the
indicator functions, refer to Chapter 3).
A. Typical AC Powered Unit
B. Typical DC-Powered Unit
Figure 2-3. Typical ASMi-450 Rear Panels
Grounding
Any interruption of the protective (grounding) conductor (inside or outside the
instrument) or disconnecting the protective earth terminal can make this
instrument dangerous. Intentional interruption is prohibited.
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Installation
Warning
Before switching on this instrument and before connecting any other cable,
the protective earth terminals of this instrument must be connected to the
protective ground conductor of the (mains) power cord. The mains plug
shall only be inserted in a socket outlet provided with a protective earth
contact. The protective action must not be negated by use of an extension
cord (power cable) without a protective conductor (grounding).
Make sure that only fuses with the required rated current, as marked on
the ASMi-450 rear panel, are used for replacement. The use of repaired
fuses and the short-circuiting of fuse holders is forbidden. Whenever it is
likely that the protection offered by fuses has been impaired, the instrument
must be made inoperative and be secured against any unintended
operation.
Power Connection
Before starting, check that the ON/OFF switch on the ASMi-450 rear panel is
set to OFF.
AC Power Connection
Skip this section if the ASMi-450 is powered from a DC source.
AC power should be supplied to the ASMi-450 through the 5 feet (1.5m)
standard power cable terminated by a standard 3-prong plug.
First, connect the power cable to the connector on the ASMi-450 rear panel, and
then to the mains outlet.
DC Power Connection
Skip this section if the ASMi-450 is powered from an AC source.
Connect the power cable to the DC power connector, and then connect the other
end to the DC distribution panel. Pay attention to correct polarity.
User's Port
Connections
The connection to the user's equipment is made to the rear panel connector
marked DCE. The interface type installed in the ASMi-450 is indicated by the
label located above the DCE connector (for example, figure 2-3.A shows a
ASMi-450 rear panel with RS-530 interface).
V.35 Interface
The V.35 interface has a 34-pin female connector,
wired for direct connection to V.35 DTE interfaces.
X.21 Interface
The X.21 interface has a 15-pin D-type female
connector, wired for direct connection to X.21 DTE
interfaces.
RS-530 Interface The RS-530 interface has a 25-pin D-type female
connector wired for direct connection to
RS-530/-RS-422/V.24 DTE interfaces.
V.36 Interface
If the required interface is V.36/RS-449/422, connect
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first the interface adapter cable to the RS-530
connector, then connect the user's data cable to the
37-pin D-type male connector at the other end of the
adapter cable.
Ethernet Interface The Ethernet interface has an RJ-45 connector for
direct connection to Ethernet 10BaseT LAN's.
Connector pin allocations and adapter cable wiring data appear in Appendix A.
HDSL Line
Connections
The HDSL lines connect to the RJ-48C connector designated NETWORK
HDSL.
Control Port
Connection
Connect a cable prepared in accordance with Appendix A between the control
port connector, designated CONTROL DCE, and the control terminal. If the
control terminal is connected via modems, use a cross-over cable.
Note
The various user interface cables should be shielded, in order to comply with
FCC rules. The ASMi-450 and its data interfaces will work well even if the
cables are not shielded, but some radio interference may occur.
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Chapter 3
Front-Panel Operating
Instructions
3.1 Scope
In this chapter you will find detailed instructions for operating the ASMi-450
from the front panel. The information presented in this chapter includes:
•
•
ASMi-450 front panel - Section 3-2.
General description of ASMi-450 control, display and push-button
functions, and menu organization - Section 3-3.
•
•
ASMi-450 configuration parameters - Section 3-4 and 3-5.
ASMi-450 operating procedures (turn-on, front-panel indications, and turn-
off) - Section 3-6.
•
•
ASMi-450 local configuration set-up - Section 3-7.
ASMi-450 configuration error messages - Section 3-8.
Refer to Chapter 4 for instructions on the use of a control terminal to remotely
control and monitor ASMi-450 operation.
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3.2 Front Panel Controls, Connectors, and Indicators
Figure 3-1 shows the front panel of the ASMi-450. Table 3-1 lists the functions
of the ASMi-450 controls, connectors and indicators, located on the ASMi-450
front panel. The index numbers in Table 3-1 correspond to the item numbers in
figure 3-1.
Figure 3-A. ASMi-450 Front Panel
Table 3-A. ASMi-450 Controls, Connectors and Indicators
No.
Control or Indicator
Function
1
2
3
TD indicator
RD indicator
LOS indicator
Lights to indicate activity on the transmit line of the local DCE port.
Lights to indicate activity on the receive line of the local DCE port.
Lights when the HDSL line circuits lose synchronization to the incoming
signal
4
QLTY indicator
Lights when the far-end HDSL block error (FEBE) rate reported by the
-7
remote equipment is less than 10 (good quality)
5
6
7
ALM indicator
Lights when alarms are stored in the ASMi-450 alarm buffer
Lights when a test is active
TST indicator
Alphanumeric display
Liquid crystal display (LCD) used to display messages and status
information. The display contains 2 rows of 16 characters each
Used to move among the information fields
8
9
CURSOR push-button
SCROLL push-button
ENTER push-button
Used to scroll among the available options of the displayed functions
Used to enter the changes made in the ASMi-450 operation, and initiate
operation under the new set-up
10
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Ethernet Interface
Indicators
Figure 3-2 shows the indicators located on the rear panel of an ASMi-450 unit
with Ethernet interface, and Table 3-2 explains the functions of the Ethernet
interface indicators.
1
2
4
3
Figure 3-B. ASMi-450 Rear Panel (Ethernet Interface)
Table 3-B. Ethernet Interface Indicators
No.
Indicator
Function
1
LINK indicator
Lights when the Ethernet interface is connected to an active LAN (i.e., a LAN
with at least one active station)
2
3
4
RX indicator
TX indicator
COLL indicator
Lights when receive activity is present on the Ethernet interface
Lights when transmit activity is present on the Ethernet interface
Lights momentarily for each collision
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3.3 Control of ASMi-450 Operation, General
General
ASMi-450 operating mode is determined by a set of parameters stored in an
internal non-volatile memory. These parameters are selected by the user, using
the ASMi-450 front panel push-buttons, a supervision terminal, or a network
management station (either a generic SNMP management station, or the
RADview management station offered by RAD). When a supervision terminal,
or a network management station is in control, the ASMi-450 cannot be
controlled from the front panel; however, when under the control of a network
management station, the front panel can still be used to read the current
parameters, status, and statistics.
After the operating parameters have been selected, a process called
configuration set-up, the ASMi-450 no longer requires operator attendance. The
configuration stored in the ASMi-450 memory is not affected when power is
turned off.
Upon turn-on, the ASMi-450 checks the validity of the stored configuration
data, and if everything is OK, it assumes the last selected configuration.
•
If the configuration does not require modification, the ASMi-450 is then
ready for operation immediately after power is applied.
•
If the configuration data is not valid, the ASMi-450 lets you load instead a
default configuration. The default configuration, prepared by the
manufacturer, is stored in the program EPROM.
General Operating
Instructions
All operations are performed using an interactive, menu-driven user-friendly
interface. The interface is controlled by means of the display and three push-
buttons. The ASMi-450 guides you in the execution of the required task by
means of simple and clear messages, presents the range of available parameter
values and checks your inputs. Moreover, the ASMi-450 will present to you
only those parameter values available on your ASMi-450 model in the selected
operating mode.
If you make a configuration error, e.g., you select a parameter value that
conflicts with the current operating mode, the ASMi-450 rejects the erroneous
selection and displays an error message that identifies the error.
You will find detailed instructions for operating the ASMi-450 in Section 3-6
and 3-7. Section 3-8 explains the configuration error messages, and presents
instructions for correcting the problem.
Display Functions
The ASMi-450 display has the following functions:
•
•
•
Display of status messages.
Display of test functions.
Display of configuration parameters.
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Status Messages
When the ASMi-450 is not being configured and no test is active, its display
shows status messages. The alarm buffer can store up to 100 alarms. The
presence of status messages in the alarm buffer is indicated by the ALM
indicator.
The status messages appear under the header ALARM BUFFER. The status
messages are described in Chapter 5.
Test Functions
The test functions include:
•
•
Local and remote loopbacks on the user's port, for rapid isolation of faults.
BER test (future option).
Note
Do not activate any loopback when using an ASMi-450 with Ethernet interface.
The test function messages appear under the header TEST OPTIONS.
Chapter 5 describes the available test functions.
Configuration Parameters
The ASMi-450 has two groups of configuration parameters:
•
•
System parameters.
Control port parameters.
The configuration parameter groups are detailed in the following chart.
Display
Description
See...
SYSTEM PARAMETER Display and selection of system parameters:
Sec. 3-4
-
-
Master clock source
Selection of active time slots
SP PARAMETER
Display and selection of ASMi-450 control port parameters:
Sec. 3-5
-
-
-
-
Data rate
Number of data bits
Parity
Interface type
In addition to the parameters configured from the front panel, there are
parameters that can be controlled only via the control port. These are presented
in Chapter 4.
After configuration, if alarm messages are stored in its ALARM BUFFER and
no test is active, the ASMi-450 automatically returns to the display of alarm
messages.
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Organization of
The ASMi-450 display has two rows:
ASMi-450 Display
•
Upper row. Shows the name of the displayed function, group of
configuration parameters, or test option.
•
Lower row. The lower row displays:
àꢀParameter name and value.
àꢀStatus messages.
àꢀLoopback status.
àꢀError messages.
àꢀDiagnostics messages.
Using Front-Panel
Push-buttons
ASMi-450 operation is controlled by means of the display and the three push-
buttons designated CURSOR, SCROLL and ENTER. The same control actions
are consistently used for all the activities:
CURSOR
Use this push-button to indicate what you want to change.
Pressing the CURSOR push-button moves the cursor among
the fields in the current display. The cursor is a bar that
appears under first character of the selected field.
Some fields list several different items, and then you move
the cursor under the desired item. The item displayed above
the cursor can be changed (“scrolled”) by pressing
SCROLL.
SCROLL
ENTER
Press repeatedly to display the alternatives for the current
field/item indicated by the cursor. Holding the push-button
depressed causes automatic scrolling of the available
alternatives.
Press it once to select the value displayed in the field/item
indicated by the cursor.
•
If the selected value is valid, it replaces the old value
and the change takes effect immediately.
•
If you make an incorrect selection, the selection is not
accepted. In this case, you see a CONFIG ERROR
message with a two-digit code in the second display
row. The code indicates what is wrong. After a short
time, the error message disappears and you see again
the original display. Now you can correct the error.
Section 3-8 explains the error codes and what to do to
correct the error.
The ENTER key has an additional function: when the alarm buffer is displayed,
the ENTER key can be used to delete all the alarms in the buffer.
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If you make an incorrect selection, the selection is not accepted. In this case,
you see a CONFIG ERROR message with a code number. The code indicates
what is wrong. Section 3-8 explains the codes.
After a short time, the error message disappears and you see again the original
display. Now you can correct the error.
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3.4 System Configuration Parameters
Table 3-3 lists the available system configuration parameters and their
functions. The table also lists the parameter values included in the ASMi-450
default configuration.
Table 3-C. System Parameters
Designation
Function
Values
CLK MASTER
Selects the master timing reference. ASMi-450 configured as central (CNTR) unit:
EXT
INT
Locked to the clock signal provided by the
user's equipment (this locks the HDSL
transmit timing to the timing of the incoming
user's signal).
The available selections depend on
the ASMi-450 function. Refer to
Section 1-2 for details
Internal oscillator.
Default: EXT
ASMi-450 configured as remote (REM) unit:
Always locked to the recovered receive clock of the
HDSL line. This locks the user's equipment timing to
the timing of the HDSL signal.
ACTIVE TS
Determines the number of active
The number of time slots can be set from 1 up to the
HDSL time slots, which determines maximum supported by the corresponding ASMi-450
user's data rate.
model
The maximum number of active
time slots depends on the ASMi-
450 model:
Default: Maximum number of time slots supported
by the corresponding ASMi-450 model
- ASMi-450/768: 12 time slots
- ASMi-450/1152: 18 time slots
ETHERNET MODE Selects the Ethernet LAN traffic
transfer mode (displayed only for
ASMi-450 version with the
HALF Half duplex operation
FULL Full duplex operation
Ethernet interface)
Default: HALF
BRIDGING
Selects the Ethernet traffic control FILTER The internal bridge of the ASMi-450 is
function (displayed only for
ASMi-450 version with the
Ethernet interface)
enabled, and filters the traffic transferred to
the remote end
TRANS The internal bridge of the ASMi-450 is
disabled, and the Ethernet traffic is
transparently transferred (LAN extender
function)
Default: FILTERED
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3.5 Control Port Configuration Parameters
Table 3-4 lists the available control port configuration parameters and their
functions. The table also lists the parameter values included in the ASMi-450
default configuration.
In addition to the parameters listed below, the ASMi-450 supports additional
parameters, which can be modified only via the control port. These parameters
are explained in Chapter 4.
Table 3-D. Control Port Parameters
Designation
SPEED BPS
Function
Values
Selects control port
data rate
300,
1200,
2400, Control port data rate (bps)
4800,
9600
AUTO Autobaud operation. The ASMi-450 automatically
identifies the control port data rate.
To enable positive identification the transmission must
start with three consecutive Carriage Returns.
Default: AUTO
DATA
Selects the number of 7 or 8 data bits.
data bits in the word
format
Default: 8
PARITY
Controls the use of
parity
ODD
Odd parity
EVEN Even parity
NONE Parity disabled (only available with 8 data bits)
Default: NONE
INTERFACE
AUX DEV
Selects control port
interface
DCE
DTE
The ASMi-450 appears as a DCE for the control terminal
The ASMi-450 operates as a DTE for connection via
modem to the control terminal (future option)
Default: DCE
TERMINAL
NMS-SLIP
Selects an auxiliary
device
Management by means of supervision terminal
Management by means of TCP/IP over SLIP
(Telnet or SNMP)
NONE
Not in use
Default: TERMINAL
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3.6 Operating Instructions
This paragraph covers the following activities:
•
•
•
•
Turn-on
Checking ASMi-450 configuration
Normal ASMi-450 operating indications
ASMi-450 turn-off.
Refer to Section 3-7 for local configuration set-up instructions.
Turn-on
To turn the ASMi-450 on, set the rear POWER switch to ON. Upon turn-on, the
ASMi-450 performs self-test: observe the front-panel indications.
During the self-test, the ASMi-450 displays the software version in the format X.Y:
ASMi-450
REV: X.Y
SELF TEST
After successfully completing the self-test procedure, the ASMi-450 will switch
to the default display - the ALARM BUFFER.
Notes
1. If the ASMi-450 fails the self-test, you will see a description of the fault in
the second row. In this case, the ASMi-450 must be repaired before it can be
used again. Refer to Chapter 5 for instructions.
2. If the configuration data stored by the ASMi-450 is corrupted, the
DATABASE CKS ERR alarm message is generated. In this case, it is
necessary to initialize the data base (after initialization, you can select again
the desired parameters). To initialize the data base, set section DB INIT of
the internal switch S1 to ON, turn the ASMi-450 on, and then turn it off and
return the switch section to OFF (refer to Chapter 2 for detailed
procedures).
The parameter values included in the default configuration are listed in
Section 3-4 and 3-5.
You can verify the ASMi-450 configuration as explained below. If the
configuration does not require modification, the ASMi-450 is ready for
operation immediately after self-test is completed. To change the configuration,
refer to Section 3-7.
Checking Current
Operating
Configuration
Review Section 3-4 and 3-5 for an explanation of the ASMi-450 configuration
parameters.
Note
During the following procedure, do not press the ENTER push-button, to
prevent accidental change of parameters.
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Step
Action
Key
Display
1
Bring the cursor under the top row (if not
already there)
CURSOR
2
3
4
Scroll to display SYSTEM PARAMETER in SCROLL Second row shows the first system parameter,
the top row
CLK MASTER, and its current selection
Bring the cursor under the left-hand field in
the second row
CURSOR
Scroll to see the other system parameters
SCROLL After each pressing of the SCROLL button,
the second display row shows the current
value of the next system parameters.
Continue until CLK MASTER appears again
5
6
Bring the cursor under the right-hand field in CURSOR
the top row
Bring to display the next group of
configuration parameters (the control port
parameters, SP PARAMETER)
CURSOR,
SCROLL
7
Repeat steps 3 and 4 to display the control
port parameters - SP PARAMETER
CURSOR,
SCROLL
Normal Indications
This section explains the indications provided on the front-panel LCD and the
indicators of the ASMi-450.
Display
The normal message displayed in the top row is ALARM BUFFER. However,
if no alarm is stored in the alarm buffer (ALM indicator off), the ASMi-450 will
continue displaying the last user-selected display.
In addition, the ASMi-450 will automatically abort the current activity and will
redisplay the ALARM BUFFER message if no front-panel button is pressed for
1 minute, thereby ensuring that it will not remain in an indeterminate state even
if the operator does not complete a configuration activity.
When the top row shows ALARM BUFFER, the second row displays the
following information:
•
During normal operation, the second row should show EMPTY (no alarm
messages).
•
If the alarm buffers contains alarms, you will see SCROLL in the left-hand
field of the second row, and CLEAR in the right-hand field.
The alarms can be displayed by bringing the cursor under SCROLL, and then
pressing ENTER: you can now scroll between the alarms stored in the alarm
buffer.
To interpret the alarm messages displayed in the second row, refer to Table 5-1.
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In Table 5-1, you will find two types of alarms, designated as ON/OFF and ON:
•
A message indicating an ON/OFF alarm is displayed only when the alarm
condition is present, and is automatically removed when the condition is
cleared (if the alarm is being displayed, it will disappear only when the
display is refreshed by scrolling).
•
A message indicating an ON alarm persists even after the event that caused
the alarm condition is cleared.
If the ASMi-450 operates normally, but an alarm message of the ON type is
displayed, you can clear the event alarm message from the display by the
following procedure:
Step
Action
Key
Display
1
Bring the cursor in the second row, under
CLEAR
CURSOR
2
Press ENTER to clear the event messages in
the alarm buffer
ENTER If no state alarms are present, the second row
should show EMPTY
Normal Front-Panel Indications
During normal operation, all the ASMi-450 front-panel indicators are off.
Ethernet Interface Indications
During normal operation, the LINK indicator must light continuously. The
COLL, TX, and RX light according to LAN traffic conditions.
Fault Indications
If the LOS indicator and/or the TST indicator lights, data transfer is interrupted.
•
The TST indicator lights when a test is active. If the test is activated from
the local ASMi-450, you can see the test type by entering the TEST
OPTIONS (Chapter 5). You can disconnect a local or remote loop as
explained in Chapter 5.
•
•
The HDSL LOS indicator lights when a local loss of synchronization alarm
condition is present on the corresponding line.
When using the Ethernet interface, the rear LINK indicator will turn off if
the Ethernet LAN is not connected, or not operating properly.
If the COLL indicator lights continuously, this indicates that a permanent
state of collision is present on the LAN. This may be caused by
malfunctioning LAN equipment, however it may also occur in case a test
loopback is activated on the ASMi-450. Check and deactivate any test
loopback on the local and remote ASMi-450 units.
Turn-off
For AC-powered ASMi-450 units, set the rear power switch to OFF.
For DC-powered ASMi-450 units, disconnect the power cable.
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3.7 Local Configuration Set-Up Procedure
Before starting any configuration action:
•
•
Review the relevant configuration parameters given in Section 3-4 and 3-5.
Obtain a list of the required parameters from your system administrator.
ASMi-450 configuration consists of the selection of the system parameters.
When a control terminal will be used to control the ASMi-450, you should also
select the parameters of the control port.
The general configuration procedure is explained on the following page. The
general procedure is followed by special considerations for each group of
parameters.
The ASMi-450 presents only those parameters available in the selected mode,
therefore it is important to perform the configuration according to the order
specified above.
Password
Protection
The ASMi-450 is intended for configuration via the control port, using an ASCII
terminal. If you cannot use a terminal for performing the configuration
procedures, it is necessary to configure the ASMi-450 from the front panel.
This, however, is possible only when the use of the password is disabled: if the
password is enabled, you can use the ASMi-450 front panel to display the
current parameter values, but cannot modify them. If you try to modify a
parameter, or to perform a test function, from the front panel when the password
is enabled, you will see CONFIG ERROR 5.
When the ASMi-450 uses the default parameters values, the use of the password
is disabled (to load the default parameters, use the DB INI section of the internal
switch S1, as explained in Section 2-4). The use of the password can be enabled
or disabled by means of the control terminal, by entering the DEF SP command
(refer to Chapter 4 for detailed instructions).
General
The following steps are used to perform any configuration activity:
Configuration
Procedure
Notes
1. Before starting the configuration procedure, always disconnect all the user-
initiated loopbacks (select OFF on TEST OPTIONS).
2. Refer to Section 3-8 for an explanation of the configuration error messages
the ASMi-450 displays when you make an error.
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Step
Action
Key
Display
1
Bring the cursor under the top row (if not
already there)
CURSOR
2
Scroll to display the desired group of
parameters in the top row
SCROLL Second row shows the first parameter in the
selected group and its current value
NOTE
When the desired group of parameters
must be independently selected for each
link, the top row includes an additional
field (at the rightmost side of the top
row): this field is used to select the
desired link number. In this case, use the
CURSOR key to bring the cursor to the
rightmost field, then SCROLL to show
the desired link number.
3
When the second row has more than one
field, bring the cursor under the left-hand
field (parameter name) in the second row,
and then scroll to display the desired
parameter in the selected group
CURSOR The second row shows the parameter name
SCROLL and its current value
4
5
6
Bring the cursor under the right-hand field
(the parameter value) in the second row
Scroll to set the required value for the
displayed parameter
CURSOR
SCROLL The second row shows the available values
When the desired parameter value is
displayed, select the new parameter value
NOTE
ENTER The cursor returns to the first field in the top
row. The second row displays shortly
CONFIG ENTER, then returns to the normal
display
You must press ENTER after changing
parameters of a certain group, e.g.,
SYSTEM. If you change parameter
values, but return the cursor to the first
field and scroll to another group
without pressing ENTER, the changes
are discarded and you will see the
message CONFIG LOST.
7
8
Repeat steps 3 through 6 until values are
assigned to all the parameters in the group
Repeat steps 1 through 7 until values are
assigned to all the parameters in the desired
groups
SCROLL The second row shows the current selection
SCROLL The second row shows the current selection
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Step
Action
Key
Display
9
After completing the configuration actions,
you can use steps 1, 2 to return to the
ALARM BUFFER.
SCROLL The top row shows:
ALARM BUFFER
If alarm messages are stored in the alarm
buffer, ALARM BUFFER will be
automatically displayed if no push-button is
pressed for one minute.
Specific
Configuration
Guidelines
This section presents specific configuration guidelines for the selection of
parameter values. You may also wish to refer to Section 1-2, that provides a
concise description of the ASMi-450 operating environment, including
explanations for many of the relevant terms.
SYSTEM PARAMETER
See parameter definitions in Section 3-4.
CLK MASTER The selection can be made only at the unit configured as
CNTR.
•
•
For connection to carrier lines, select EXT.
For a point-to-point application with stand-alone
equipment at both link ends, you can also select INT.
•
•
For ASMi-450 with Ethernet interface, select INT.
ACTIVE TS
For ASMi-450 models with DCE interface, the
number of active time slots must be equal to the
multiplier of the basic data rate (64 kbps) which
yields the required user's data rate. The maximum
number of active time slots depends on the
ASMi-450 model:
5ꢀ
ASMi-450/768: 12 time slots
ASMi-450/1152: 18 time slots
5ꢀ
ETHERNET
MODE
Select the method used to handle the LAN traffic,
half-duplex (HALF_DUP) or full-duplex (FULL_DUP).
This parameter appears only for ASMi-450 version with
the Ethernet interface.
BRIDGING
Select FILTERED if you want to operate the E1 link as a
remote bridge (the recommended method). To operate the
link as a LAN extender (or repeater), select TRAN.
This parameter appears only for ASMi-450 version with
the Ethernet interface.
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SP PARAMETERS
See parameter definitions in Section 3-5.
SPEED_BPS
Select AUTO whenever feasible. In this case, start the
communication with three Carriage Returns, to ensure
positive identification of terminal data rate.
Note
The automatic baud rate recognition procedure must be repeated after the
DTR line in the control port connector had been switched to OFF and then
ON again.
DATA
Select the required number of data bits (same as on the
terminal).
PARITY
Select the required parity (same as on the terminal).
INTERFACE
• Select DCE when directly connected to the control
terminal.
• Select DTE when connected to a modem (future
option).
Note
The INTERFACE parameter only changes the direction of the interface
control (handshaking) signals, but not the functions of the interface pins.
Therefore, when connecting to a modem, it is necessary to use a cross cable.
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3.8 LCD Configuration Error Messages
The ASMi-450 detects configuration errors and displays a CONFIG
ERROR XY message. The code XY identifies the error. You will find below the
list of error messages and instructions that will help you correct the problem.
CONFIG ERROR 1
CONFIG ERROR 2
Illegal combination of loopbacks: you are trying to activate simultaneously
local and remote loopbacks. Only one loopback can be connected at a time.
You are trying to activate the REM REM loopback while synchronization is
lost.
CONFIG ERROR 3
CONFIG ERROR 4
CONFIG ERROR 5
You are trying to select the internal clock mode on the remote side.
You are trying to disconnect a loopback that is not active.
You are trying to change a parameter from the front panel when the password
is enabled.
CONFIG ERROR 6
You are trying to select a node number greater than 255.
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Front-Panel Operating Instructions
Notes
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Chapter 4
ASMi-450 Control
from the Control Port
4.1 General
This Chapter provides detailed instructions for the management of ASMi-450
by means of ASCII terminals and IP hosts using the Telnet protocol.
The initial configuration of the ASMi-450 must always be performed using a
standard ASCII terminal connected to the ASMi-450 control port, CONTROL
DCE. However, after performing the initial configuration, you can also manage
the ASMi-450 using any of the following three options:
•
Use the terminal as a supervision terminal, for performing all the
management activities supported by the ASMi-450.
•
Manage the ASMi-450 from any IP host using the Telnet protocol. After
establishing a Telnet session with the ASMi-450, the Telnet protocol offers
the same functionality as the supervision terminal, and in addition enables
remote access over IP networks.
•
Manage the ASMi-450 by means of SNMP-based network management
stations, e.g., the RADview network management station offered by RAD,
using the SLIP protocol for communication.
The information presented in this chapter includes:
•
Description of control terminal hardware requirements, communication and
handshaking - Section 4-2.
•
•
Preparation for use of control terminal - Section 4-3.
Description of control terminal set of commands and command syntax -
Section 4-4, 4-5.
•
General operating instructions, including start-up, routine operations, and
stopping of remote control - Section 4-6.
•
Configuration error messages - Section 4-7.
The instructions appearing in this Chapter assume that the supervision terminal
operator is familiar with the ASMi-450 system and with its configuration
parameters.
For instructions regarding the use of the RADview network management
station, refer to the RADview User's Reference Manual.
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ASMi-450 Control from the Control Port
4.2 Hardware Requirements
Terminal
Characteristics
Any standard ASCII terminal (“dumb” terminal or personal computer emulating
an ASCII terminal) equipped with an RS-232 communication interface can be
used to control ASMi-450 operation. The software necessary to run the
ASMi-450 control program is contained in the ASMi-450.
Communication
Requirements
The control terminal can be connected either directly to the ASMi-450 control
port (the CONTROL DCE connector), or through a modem or any other type of
full-duplex data link. The ASMi-450 control port interface type must be set in
accordance with the connection method (see Section 3-5):
•
•
DCE for direct connection.
DTE for connection through a modem or data link (cross cables must then
be used at the ASMi-450 CONTROL DCE connector).
The ASMi-450 can communicate with the control terminal at rates of 300, 1200,
2400, 4800 or 9600 bps. The word format consists of one stop bit and 7 or 8
data bits. Parity can be odd, even or disabled.
The communication interface of the terminal and the ASMi-450 must be
configured for operation with the same parameters.
The ASMi-450 supports two types of modems:
•
Dial-up Hayes compatible modems, e.g., the RAD miniature DLM/AT
modem. The ASMi-450 has only a call-in capability, that is, it can accept
external calls, but cannot initiate calls.
•
Multidrop modems, e.g., the RAD SRM-6 miniature multidrop modem.
For multidrop operation, each ASMi-450 can be assigned a node address in the
range of 1 through 255. Assigning address 0 to the ASMi-450 means that it will
accept and answer any message: this is not permitted in multidrop operation.
Address 0 is however recommended for use with both point-to-point and dial-up
modes.
Each ASMi-450 can be assigned a logical name of up to eight characters. The
logical name is sent in each transmission of alarm messages. The name helps the
operator to identify the source of messages that are received by the control
terminal.
The relevant ASMi-450 configuration parameters are described in Section 3-5
and 4-5. Instructions for configuring the ASMi-450 control port appear in
Section 3-7.
Handshaking
Protocol
The handshaking between the ASMi-450 and the control terminal uses the
control lines in the CONTROL DCE connector located on the rear panel of the
ASMi-450.
The control lines being used in each mode and the direction of the control
signals is detailed in the following chart.
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ASMi-450 Control from the Control Port
Interface Type
Control Line
DCE
DTE
CTS
DCD
DSR
DTR
RI
Out
Out
Not used
Out
Out
In
Out
In
Not used
In
In
RTS
In
Data Terminal Ready (DTR)
The terminal sets the DTR line ON (active) to gain control over the ASMi-450
and start a configuration/monitoring session.
When the DTR is ON, the front panel controls are disabled, and the LCD
displays a message that notifies the operator the ASMi-450 is under remote
management:
•
When the management mode defined by means of the DEF SP command is
the supervision terminal (AUXILIARY DEVICE = TERMINAL), the
LCD shows TERMINAL ON LINE.
•
When the management mode is the Telnet or SNMP (AUXILIARY
DEVICE = NMS_SLIP), the LCD shows NETWORK ON LINE.
The DTR line is OFF (inactive) when terminal control is not required. This ends
the terminal control connection, and returns the control to the ASMi-450 front
panel. If password protection is used, the password must be entered again the
next time the DTR line is set ON to start a new session.
Request to Send (RTS)
The RTS line is normally ON (active) when the control terminal is in session.
When the RTS line is OFF (inactive), the ASMi-450 interprets any data
received from the terminal on the TD line as MARK.
Clear to Send (CTS)
The state of the CTS line is determined by the CTS parameter:
ON
The CTS line is always ON (active).
The CTS line follows the RTS line.
=RTS
Data Carrier Detect (DCD)
The state of the DCD line depends on the communication address (node
number):
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•
•
When the node address is 0, the DCD line is always ON (active).
When a non-zero node address is used, the DCD line becomes ON (active)
when data is detected on the RD line, provided the ASMi-450 recognizes its
own address in the data stream.
To simulate DTE operation, the delay between these events can be set by the
user (by means of the DCD-DELAY parameter).
Ring Indication (RI)
The RI line is used only with dial-up modems (INT=DTE).
The RI line is normally OFF (inactive), and switches to the ON (active) state
when the modem attached to the ASMi-450 CONTROL DCE connector detects
an incoming call. See also the DSR line.
Data Set Ready (DSR)
•
•
Usually, the DSR line is configured to track the DTR line. In this case, if
the control port interface is DTE, the DSR line will be set to ON for 5
seconds when the RI line is ON while the DTR line is OFF.
If the control port interface is DCE, the DSR line can also be configured to
be continuously ON. However, if the DTR line switches to OFF, the DSR
line will also switch to OFF for 5 seconds.
In addition, the ASMi-450 always sets DSR OFF (inactive) for 5 seconds when
the EXIT command is executed, or the disconnect time-out expires.
AUTOBAUD
Function
When the AUTOBAUD function is enabled, the ASMi-450 can identify the
operating data rate of the terminal by analyzing the timing of three consecutive
Carriage Return + Line Feed characters (generated by pressing three times the
carriage return key). The detected data rate is then used for the current
communication session.
The automatic baud rate identification procedure is performed (or repeated)
whenever three consecutive carriage returns are received after one of the
following events occurs:
•
•
•
The DTR line has been switched OFF.
The EXIT command has been executed.
The idle disconnect time-out expired because no data has been exchanged
with the control terminal.
In case one of these events occurred, the ASMi-450 assumes that the current
communication session has been terminated. Therefore, when the password
protection is enabled, the password must be entered again before the control
terminal can resume communication with the ASMi-450.
Note that when SLIP communication is required, the AUTOBAUD function
must be disabled.
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ASMi-450 Control from the Control Port
4.3 Preparation for Use of Supervision Terminal
ASMi-450
Preparations
Internal Settings
See Section 2-4 for detailed information.
In general you must enter a password when you start a control session. If the
password is incorrect, the ASMi-450 will not respond. This can be corrected by
appropriate setting of the PSWD section of switch S1. Set the PSWD section of
switch S1 as follows:
OFF
In this position, you can define your own password and node
address.
ON
Set the switch section to ON to restore the default ASMi-450
password (ASMI), and change the node address to the default
value of 0. The change will be made after you turn the
ASMi-450 off for a short time, and then turn it back on.
Control Port Configuration
Configure the ASMi-450 control port as required. See Sections 3-5 through 3-7.
If the control port parameters are not correct, the ASMi-450 will not respond.
This can be corrected by appropriate setting of the DEF SP section of switch S1.
Set the DEF SP section of switch S1 as follows:
OFF
In this position, you can define the desired control port
parameters.
ON
Set the switch section to ON to restore the default control port
parameters. The change will be made after you turn the
ASMi-450 off for a short time, and then turn it back on.
Supervision
Terminal
Configure the terminal for the same communication parameters you selected for
the ASMi-450 control port.
Connections
Connect the control cable (coming directly from the terminal, or from the
modem used to connect the terminal) to the CONTROL DCE connector of the
ASMi-450. See Appendix A for cable wiring information.
Turn the control terminal on and when applicable, turn on the modems and the
other communication equipment used to connect the terminal to the ASMi-450.
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ASMi-450 Control from the Control Port
4.4 ASMi-450 Supervision Language
This paragraph presents the ASMi-450 supervision language syntax, usage, and
set of commands.
•
Commands can only be entered when the ASMi-450 control port prompt is
displayed. The prompt is ASMI>, and it always appears at the beginning of
a new line. The cursor appears to the right of the prompt.
Command
Language Syntax
•
•
Commands are case-insensitive, e.g. you can type commands in either lower
case and/or upper case letters.
To correct typing errors, backspace by pressing the BACKSPACE key until
the error is cleared, and then type again the correct command.
•
•
•
Use space as a separator between command fields and/or parameters.
Commands must end with a carriage return <CR>.
To cancel the current command, press BREAK or type CTRL-C. You will
obtain again the ASMi-450 prompt.
Command Options
The following general types of options are available with some commands. See
details in the command set index, Table 4-1.
Option
Meaning
Example of Usage
/A
All
CLR ALM /A
Clears all the alarms stored by the alarm buffer
DSP ALM /C
/C
/CA
/R
Clear
Displays all the alarms stored by the alarm buffer, and then clears all
the alarms in the ON state stored by the alarm buffer
DSP ALM /CA
Clear all
Displays all the alarms stored by the alarm buffer, and then clears all
the alarms stored by the alarm buffer
Repeat automatically
command execution.
Available only when
node address is 0
DSP ST PORT /R
Enables you to monitor the status of the user's data port.
•
•
If AUTOBAUD is on, start any session by pressing the <CR> key three
times in sequence. This will ensure identification of terminal data rate.
Command
Protocol
When the ASMi-450 uses a non-zero node address, it expects an address
before responding to the terminal commands. No response will occur until
the node number is received and acknowledged by the addressed
ASMi-450.
Acknowledgment is indicated by the echoing of the node address part, i.e.
Node<SP>nnn<SP>, where <SP> stands for space.
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•
•
The address is in the range of 1 through 255 (0 indicates that the selective
addressing function is disabled). The address is a prefix sent in the
following format: Node<SP>nnn<SP>.
When password protection is on, the addressed ASMi-450 waits for the
password before continuing. After the correct password is received, the
ASMi-450 sends the working prompt, ASMI>.
If password protection is off, this step is omitted and the working prompt
appears after the node address conditions are fulfilled.
•
After the working prompt is displayed, every character typed on the
terminal keyboard is immediately evaluated by the ASMi-450 and echoed to
the terminal screen. Full duplex communication with the terminal is
therefore necessary, to provide on-line feedback to the terminal operator.
•
•
Command evaluation starts only when the <CR> key is pressed.
In case an error is detected during command evaluation, the command is not
executed. Instead, the ASMi-450 will send the erroneous command back to
the terminal, and you will see BAD COMMAND OR PARAMETER.
TYPE 'H' FOR HELP in the next row. The correct command must then be
sent again.
•
•
The command is executed only after it is validated.
Command execution can be interrupted by pressing BREAK or CTRL-C.
This will result in the display of the ASMi-450 prompt, and a new
command can be entered.
Use the BREAK key (or CTRL-C) to stop the automatic repetition of
commands (/R option).
•
If an idle disconnect time-out is specified, the ASMi-450 will automatically
disconnect the ongoing session if no command is received from the terminal
for the specified time-out interval.
Index of
Table 4-1 lists the ASMi-450 commands in alphabetical order.
Commands
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ASMi-450 Control from the Control Port
Table 4-A. ASMi-450 Command Set Index
Command
CLR ALM
Purpose
Options
Clear the alarms stored in the ASMi-450 alarm buffer
Clear user-initiated loopbacks or tests
/A
CLR LOOP L PORT
CLR LP L PORT
CLR LOOP R R PORT
CLR LP R R PORT
CLR TST
Clear all the user-initiated tests and loopbacks
Set the date for the ASMi-450 internal clock
Define the SNMP agent configuration parameters
Define the logical name of the ASMi-450
Define the node number of the ASMi-450
Define new password
DATE
DEF AGENT
DEF NAME
DEF NODE
DEF PWD
DEF SP
Define control port parameters
DEF SYS
Define system parameters
DEF TERM
Define the supervision terminal type and control sequences
Display the contents of the alarm buffer and optionally clear the buffer
DSP ALM
/C
/CA
DSP HDR TST
Display hardware faults (detected during the power-on self-test, and
during normal operation)
DSP ST LINE
DSP ST PORT
DSP ST SYS
EXIT
Display status information on the HDSL lines
Display status information on the user's data port
Display system status information
/R
/R
End the current control session
F
Select the codes for the “clear the screen”, “cursor right”, and “cursor
home” commands sent to the control terminal
Displays a concise index of commands and option switches
Load the default configuration instead of the user configuration. Table
4-3 lists default parameter values
HELP
INIT DB
INIT F
Reset the codes for “clear the screen”, “cursor right”, and “cursor
home” to 0
LOOP L PORT
LP L PORT
Activate a specified user-controlled loopback or test
LOOP R R PORT
LP R R PORT
NODE
Select an ASMi-450 before starting a management session on a
multidrop connection
PASSWORD
Enter the password when prompted to type the password upon the start
of a control session
RESET
TIME
Reset the ASMi-450 system
Set the time of the ASMi-450 internal clock
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4.5 ASMi-450 Command Set Description
This section describes the ASMi-450 commands. The commands are listed in
alphabetical order. The description includes command format, use, and options.
The following notational conventions are used below:
[
'
]
'
square brackets indicate optional entry/parameter
single quotes delimit user entry
<CR> indicates the pressing of the carriage return key
CLR ALM--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Clear the alarm buffer.
Purpose
Format
Use
CLR ALM [/A]
1. To clear only alarms of the ON type stored in the alarm buffer (see Table 5-1):
CLR ALM<CR>
2. To clear all the alarms stored in the alarm buffer (including ON/OFF alarms):
CLR ALM /A<CR>
3. You will see the time and date, followed by the ASMi-450 prompt.
CLR LOOP------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Deactivate the specified user-initiated loopback or test.
Purpose
Format
Use
CLR LOOP [looptype] or CLR LP [looptype]
1. To deactivate the local (L) loopback on the user's port of the local ASMi-450, type:
CLR LOOP L PORT<CR> or CLR LP L PORT<CR>
2. To deactivate the remote (R) loopback on the user's port of the remote ASMi-450,
type:
CLR LOOP R R PORT<CR> or CLR LP R R PORT<CR>
3. You will see the time and date, followed by the ASMi-450 prompt.
4. If no loopback of the specified type is now activated, you will receive ERROR 2.
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CLR TST---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Deactivate all the user-initiated tests and loopbacks.
Purpose
Format
Use
CLR TST
1. To deactivate all the user-initiated tests and loopbacks, type:
CLR TST<CR>
2. You will see the time and date, followed by the ASMi-450 prompt.
3. If no test or loopback is now activated, you will receive ERROR 2.
DATE -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Set the date for the ASMi-450 internal real-time clock.
Purpose
Format
Use
DATE
1. Type
DATE<CR>
2. The ASMi-450 sends the date entry form:
DAY = 06
MONTH = 09
YEAR = 1995
3. Bring the cursor to the first field to be changed by pressing <CR>.
4. To change the selected field, press F to increase and B to decrease the displayed
values. When done, press <CR> to move to the next field.
5. To end, press <CR> after the YEAR field. The ASMi-450 will display the TIME and
DATE fields (note that DATE has changed), followed by the ASMi-450 prompt.
DEF AGENT ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Display and modify the current SNMP agent parameters. Refer to Appendix B for
additional explanations.
Purpose
To enable SNMP and Telnet management, it is necessary to define all the parameters.
Format
Use
DEF AGENT
1. To define the SNMP agent parameters, type:
DEF AGENT<CR>
2. You will see the entry line for the first parameter, TELNET_APATHY_TIME.
3. After selecting the desired value, press <CR> to display the second line. If you do
not want to change the current value of a parameter, press <CR> to confirm it and
continue to the next line, otherwise type in the new value and then press <CR>.
Repeat the procedure until all the parameters are defined, and then press <CR> to end.
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4. A typical display, as seen after all the parameters are selected, is shown below:
TELNET_APATHY_TIME
10 MIN
IP_ADDRESS XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX
READ COMMUNITY public
WRITE COMMUNITY private
TRAP COMMUNITY ISpublic
where X stands for the digits of the IP address.
Display
Fields
The agent parameters displayed on the data form, and their range of values, are as
follows:
TELNET_APATHY_TIME
Press the F or B keys to select the time, in minutes,
after which a Telnet connection will be automatically
terminated if no incoming activity is detected.
The available values are 10MIN, 15MIN, and 20MIN.
IP_ADDRESS
Type in the IP address assigned to the ASMi-450
SNMP agent in the dotted-quad format (four groups of
digits in the range of 0 through 255, separated by
periods).
READ COMMUNITY
Type in the name of the SNMP community that has
read-only authorization (the ASMi-450 SNMP agent
will accept only getRequestand
getNextRequestcommands from management
stations using that community). You may enter up to
32 alphanumeric characters.
WRITE COMMUNITY
TRAP COMMUNITY
Type in the name of the SNMP community that has
read-write authorization (the ASMi-450 SNMP agent
will also accent setRequestcommands from
management stations using that community). You may
enter up to 32 alphanumeric characters.
Type in the name of the SNMP community to which
the ASMi-450 SNMP agent will send traps. You may
enter up to 32 alphanumeric characters.
DEF NAME------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Define the node name (up to eight alphanumeric characters).
Purpose
Format
Use
DEF NAME
1. To define the ASMi-450 node name, type:
DEF NAME<CR>
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2. The ASMi-450 displays the node name entry form:
ENTER NODE NAME (MAX 8 CHARACTERS) =
CURRENT NODE NAME = 'name'
where 'name' is the node name the ASMi-450 is currently assigned.
3. Type the desired name, and then press <CR>. The ASMi-450 will display the TIME
and DATE fields, followed by the ASMi-450 prompt.
Note
Before entering a node name, make sure that the PSWD section of the
ASMi-450 internal switch S1 is not set to ON, because in such a case the default
name (blank) is enforced.
DEF NODE------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Define the node number, or address, of the ASMi-450. The allowed range is 0 to 255.
Purpose
Format
Use
DEF NODE
1. To define the ASMi-450 node number, type:
DEF NODE<CR>
2. The ASMi-450 displays the node entry form:
NODE (0 to 255) = 0
3. Type the desired number in the range of 0 to 255, and then press <CR>. The
ASMi-450 will display the TIME and DATE fields, followed by the ASMi-450
prompt.
Note
Before entering a node number, make sure that the PSWD section of the
ASMi-450 internal switch S1 is not set to ON, because in such a case the default
number (0) is enforced.
DEF PWD--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Define a new user password for the ASMi-450. The password must have 4 to 8
characters.
Purpose
Format
Use
DEF PWD
1. Type
DEF PWD<CR>
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ASMi-450 Control from the Control Port
2. The password entry screen appears, e.g.:
NEW PASSWORD (4 to 8 CHARS) =
CURRENT PASSWORD = 'password'
where 'password' is the current password.
3. Type the required password. Carefully check that the specified password has been
indeed typed in, and then press <CR>. The ASMi-450 will display the TIME and
DATE fields, followed by the ASMi-450 prompt.
Note
Before entering a new password, make sure that the PSWD section of the
ASMi-450 internal switch S1 is not set to ON, because in such a case the default
password (ASMI) is enforced.
DEF SP-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assign values to control port parameters. See Section 3-5 for parameter description and
allowable ranges, and Section 3-7 for practical selection recommendations.
Purpose
Format
Use
DEF SP
1. Type
DEF SP<CR>
2. The first page of the control port parameters data form is displayed. A typical form is
shown below. The form presents the current parameter values as defaults.
SPEED DATA PARITY
AUTO 8 NO
INTERFACE CTS DCD_DEL
DCE =RTS0_MSEC
DSR
ON
3. Change the parameter values as follows:
•
•
•
Bring the cursor to the beginning of the first field to be changed by pressing the
space bar.
To change the selected field, press F or B to scroll among the available
selections.
When the desired selection is displayed, press the space bar to move to the next
field.
4. When done, press <CR> to display the next page of control port parameters. A typical
form is shown below.
POP_ALM
NO
PWD LOG_OFF
NO NO
AUXILIARY DEVICE
TERMINAL
5. Repeat the procedure given in Section 3 above to select new parameter values.
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Notes
In addition to the parameters listed in Section 3-5, the following parameters can
be programmed only from the terminal:
PWD
Password protection: select YES or NO
Idle disconnect time:
LOG_OFF
NO
automatic session disconnection disabled.
10_MIN automatic disconnection after ten minutes if no input
data is received by the ASMi-450.
CTS
Determines CTS state:
ON
=RTS
The CTS line is always ON (active).
The CTS line follows the RTS line.
DCD_DEL
POP_ALM
With ASMi-450 control port defined as DTE, indicates delay (in
msec) between DCD=ON and the sending of data.
Values: 0, 10, 50, 100, 200, 300 msec.
Controls the automatic display of alarms in the terminal
YES
The terminal automatically displays every 10
minutes the alarm status (or whenever an alarm
changes state to ON)
NO
The automatic display feature is disabled
DSR
Determines the DSR state:
ON
The DSR line is continuously on. It will switch to
OFF
DTR
for five seconds after the DTR line is switched OFF.
The DSR line tracks the DTR line. When
INTERFACE=DTE, the DSR line will switch to ON
for five seconds when the RI line is ON while the
line is OFF.
DTR
AUXILIARY Selects the management mode supported by the control port of
DEVICE
the ASMi-450:
TERMINAL management by means of a supervision terminal.
NMS_SLIP management by means of Telnet host, or an
SNMP network management station.
6. After the desired parameter values are selected, press <CR> to end. The ASMi-450
will display the TIME and DATE fields, followed by the ASMi-450 prompt.
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DEF SYS---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assign values to system parameters.
Purpose
Format
Use
DEF SYS
1. Type
DEF SYS<CR>
2. The system parameters data form is displayed. A typical form for an ASMi-450/1152
with Ethernet interface is shown below. The form presents the current parameter
values as defaults. For ASMi-450 with serial data port, the ETHERNET_MODE and
BRIDGING fields always show N/A.
CLK_MASTER ACTIVE_TS ETHERNET_MODE BRIDGING
EXT
18
HALF_DUP
FILTER
See Section 3-4 for a description of the various parameters, and Section 3-7 for practical
selection recommendations.
3. Change the parameter values as follows:
•
•
•
Bring the cursor to the beginning of the first field to be changed by pressing the
space bar.
To change the selected field, press F or B to scroll among the available
selections.
When the desired selection is displayed, press the space bar to move to the next
field.
4. After the desired parameter values are selected, press <CR> to end. The ASMi-450
will display the TIME and DATE fields, followed by the ASMi-450 prompt.
DEF TERM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Define the control sequences to be sent to the supervision terminal to perform the
following terminal control functions:
Purpose
•
•
•
Clear screen.
Move cursor to screen home position.
Move cursor to the right by one position.
This command is similar to the F command (see F section below), except that it also
enables you to specify a terminal type and the ASMi-450 will automatically configure
itself for using the corresponding control sequences. The terminal types supported by
this command are: VT-52, VT-100, TV-920, FREEDOM-100, FREEDOM-110,
FREEDOM-220, and terminals compatible with one of them.
The codes used by the supported terminals are listed in the following chart:
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ASMi-450 Control from the Control Port
Terminal Type
VT-100
Function
TV- 920
VT-52
Freedom-110 Freedom-220
Clear Screen
Cursor Home
Cursor Right
1B2A0000
1E000000
0C000000
N/A
1B5B324A
1B5B4800
1B5B3143
1B2A0000
1E000000
0C000000
1B5B324A
1B5B4800
1B5B0143
1B480000
1B430000
Format
Use
DEF TERM 'terminal'
1. To configure the ASMi-450 for using the control sequences corresponding to a
supported terminal, type:
DEF TERM 'terminal'<CR>
where 'terminal' stands for one of the types listed in the table above.
2. In response, you will see the new control sequences, in the format shown below:
New Control Sequences:
CLEAR SCREEN = hhhhhhhh
CURSOR HOME = hhhhhhhh
CURSOR RIGHT = hhhhhhhh
where hindicates hexadecimal digits.
DSP ALM--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Display the contents of the alarm buffer. This buffer can contain up to 100 alarms.
Purpose
Format
Use
DSP ALM [Option]
1. To display the complete contents of the buffer, type:
DSP ALM<CR>
2. To display the complete buffer contents and then clear the type-ON alarms, type:
DSP ALM /C<CR>
3. To display the complete buffer and then clear all the stored alarms, type:
DSP ALM /CA<CR>
Display
Format
The contents of the alarm buffer are displayed as a table with four columns: the alarm
number and alarm syntax (description), alarm state, and time of alarm occurrence. Each
block of alarms received from a ASMi-450 is preceded by a header. The header lists the
assigned node name and the node number of the ASMi-450 unit which sent the alarm
block, and thus it serves as an easily-identified separator between alarms transmitted by
different ASMi-450 units.
Table 4-2 lists all the alarm messages that can be displayed by the terminal.
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ASMi-450 Control from the Control Port
Table 4-B. Control Terminal Alarm Messages
Alarm No.
Alarm Syntax
LOCAL DB
Meaning
State
Time
1
The data base currently stored in the non-
volatile memory of the local ASMi-450 is
corrupted. Message can appear only upon
power-up
[ON]
hh:mm:ss
CHECKSUM ERROR
2
LOCAL ALARM
The alarm buffer of the local ASMi-450 is [ON] [OFF] hh:mm:ss
BUFFER OVERFLOW
full, and new alarms overwrite the older
alarms
3
4
5
6
7
8
LOCAL SELF TEST
ERROR
A fault has been detected in the local
ASMi-450 during the power-up self-test
A hardware fault has been detected in the
local ASMi-450
[ON]
[ON]
[ON]
[ON]
[ON]
[ON]
hh:mm:ss
hh:mm:ss
hh:mm:ss
hh:mm:ss
hh:mm:ss
hh:mm:ss
LOCAL HARDWARE
FAILURE
LOCAL PSWRD
SWITCH IS ON
LOCAL SP-PAR
SWITCH IS ON
LOCAL DB-INIT
SWITCH IS ON
LOCAL REAL TIME
CLOCK BATTERY
FAILURE
Section PSWD of switch S1 of the local
ASMi-450 is set to ON
Section DEF SP of switch S1 of the local
ASMi-450 is set to ON
Section DB INIT of switch S1 of the local
ASMi-450 is set to ON
The battery that powers the local
ASMi-450 internal real-time clock when
ASMi-450 is not powered has failed
Reversed loop polarity has been detected
by the local ASMi-450
9
LOCAL REVERSE
POLARITY
[ON]
hh:mm:ss
10
11
12
13
14
15
LOCAL SIGNAL LOSS Loss of HDSL line input signal at the local [ON] [OFF] hh:mm:ss
ASMi-450
LOCAL SYNC LOSS
The local ASMi-450 lost synchronization [ON] [OFF] hh:mm:ss
to the HDSL line signal
LOCAL LOW QUALITY The CRC-6 error rate detected on the
-7
[ON]
[ON]
[ON]
hh:mm:ss
hh:mm:ss
hh:mm:ss
ALARM
incoming HDSL signal exceeds 10
A slip has been detected on the local
transmit path
LOCAL TRANSMIT
SLIP
LOCAL RECEIVE SLIP A slip has been detected on the local
receive path
LAN NOT CONNECTED No data is received from the user's port
(for ASMi-450 version with serial data
port).
[ON] [OFF] hh:mm:ss
or
The Ethernet interface is not connected to
an operating LAN (at least one station
must be active on the LAN)
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ASMi-450 Control from the Control Port
Table 4-2. Control Terminal Alarm Messages (Cont’d)
Alarm No.
Alarm Syntax
REMOTE DB
Meaning
State
Time
16
The data base currently stored in the non-
volatile memory of the remote ASMi-450
is corrupted. Message can appear only
upon power-up
[ON]
hh:mm:ss
CHECKSUM ERROR
17
REMOTE ALARM
The alarm buffer of the remote ASMi-450 [ON] [OFF] hh:mm:ss
BUFFER OVERFLOW
is full, and new alarms overwrite the older
alarms
18
19
20
21
22
23
REMOTE SELF TEST
ERROR
A fault has been detected in the remote
ASMi-450 during the power-up self-test
[ON]
[ON]
[ON]
[ON]
[ON]
[ON]
hh:mm:ss
hh:mm:ss
hh:mm:ss
hh:mm:ss
hh:mm:ss
hh:mm:ss
REMOTE HARDWARE A hardware fault has been detected in the
FAILURE
remote ASMi-450
REMOTE PSWRD
SWITCH IS ON
REMOTE SP-PAR
SWITCH IS ON
REMOTE DB-INIT
SWITCH IS ON
REMOTE REAL TIME
CLOCK BATTERY
FAILURE
Section PSWD of switch S1 of the remote
ASMi-450 is set to ON
Section DEF SP of switch S1 of the
remote ASMi-450 is set to ON
Section DB INIT of switch S1 of the
remote ASMi-450 is set to ON
The battery that powers the remote
ASMi-450 internal real-time clock when
ASMi-450 is not powered has failed
Reversed loop polarity has been detected
by the remote ASMi-450
24
25
REMOTE REVERSE
POLARITY
[ON]
hh:mm:ss
REMOTE SIGNAL LOSS A report of loss of HDSL input signal at
the remote ASMi-450 has been received
via the HDSL line
[ON] [OFF] hh:mm:ss
26
REMOTE SYNC LOSS
A report of HDSL loss of synchronization [ON] [OFF] hh:mm:ss
at the remote ASMi-450 has been received
via the HDSL line
27
28
29
REMOTE LOW
The far-end block error rate (FEBE)
reported via the HDSL line exceeds 10
[ON]
[ON]
[ON]
hh:mm:ss
hh:mm:ss
hh:mm:ss
-7
QUALITY ALARM
REM TRANSMIT SLIP A slip has been detected on the remote
transmit path
REM RECEIVE SLIP
A slip has been detected on the remote
receive path
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ASMi-450 Control from the Control Port
Table 4-2. Control Terminal Alarm Messages (Cont’d)
Alarm No.
Alarm Syntax
REM LAN NOT
Meaning
State
Time
30
No data is received from the remote user's [ON] [OFF] hh:mm:ss
port (for ASMi-450 version with serial
data port)
CONNECTED
or
The Ethernet interface of the remote
ASMi-450 is not connected to an
operating LAN (at least one station must
be active on the LAN)
DSP HDR TST -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Display the results of the last hardware test (made during power-on self-test and during
regular operation).
Purpose
Format
Use
DSP HDR TST
1. To display the hardware test report, type:
DSP HDR TST<CR>
Display
Format
The display has one field that shows NO ERROR if everything checks good, or lists the
detected problem:
•
•
EPROM FAILURE
I/O EXPANDER ERROR
DSP ST LINE---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Display status information on the HDSL line of the local ASMi-450.
Purpose
Format
Use
DSP ST LINE [Option]
1. To display the current status information, type:
DSP ST LINE<CR>
2. To monitor continuously the status information, type:
DSP ST LINE /R<CR>
The display will be automatically updated. To stop the monitoring, press BREAK (or
CTRL+C).
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ASMi-450 Control from the Control Port
Display
Format
A typical HDSL line status display is shown below.
STATUS OF LINE
ANALOG FRONT END TYPE = 784K
LOCAL LINE ALARMS = SYNC LOSS SIGNAL LOSS
OFF
OFF
The fields included in the status information display are listed below:
ANALOG FRONT END TYPE Displays the nominal data rate on the HDSL line:
784 kbps for ASMi-450/768.
LINE ALARMS
Displays the state of the line alarms on the HDSL
line:
SIGNAL LOSS ON indicates loss of HDSL
input signal.
SYNC LOSS
ON indicates loss of
synchronization to the HDSL
signal.
DSP ST PORT -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Display status information on the user's port.
Purpose
Format
Use
DSP ST PORT [Option]
1. To display the current status information for the user's port, type:
DSP ST PORT
Display
Format
A typical user's port status display is shown below.
STATUS OF PORT
INTERFACE TYPE
= 'interface'
LOCAL UNIT ACTIVATED LOOPS = LOCAL PORT REM REM PORT
NO
NO
REMOTE UNIT INITIATED LOOPS = REM PORT
NO
The fields included in the ASMi-450 status information display are listed below:
TYPE
Displays the type of the user's port interface
('interface' stands for the interface type: V.35,
X.21, RS-422, RS-530, or ETHERNET).
LOCAL UNIT
Displays the state of each type of loopback that
can be activated ACTIVATED LOOPS by
command from the local ASMi-450 unit on either
the local, or the remote unit:
•
LOCAL PORT: local port loopback on the
local unit.
•
REM REM PORT: remote port loopback
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ASMi-450 Control from the Control Port
on the remote unit.
REMOTE UNIT
INITIATED LOOPS
Displays the state of the loopback that can be
activated by command from the remote
ASMi-450 unit on the local unit (this is REM
PORT, remote port loopback on the local unit,
toward the remote unit).
DSP ST SYS----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Display system status information.
Purpose
Format
Use
DSP ST SYS [option]
To view the current system status, type:
DSP ST SYS<CR>
Display
Format
A typical status information display is shown below.
NODE
= 0
NAME
= 'ASMi-450 name'
= EXT
NODAL CLOCK
ASMI TYPE
= CNTR
NUM OF ACTIVE TS = 24
SOFTWARE REV
HARDWARE REV
= X.Y
= X.Y
The system status fields are described below (from top to bottom)
NODE
Displays the node number of the ASMi-450
Displays the node name of the ASMi-450
NAME
NODAL CLOCK
Indicates the current source for the ASMi-450 system clock:
INT or EXT (see Section 3-4).
NUM OF ACTIVE TS Indicates the number of active time slots configured on the
ASMi-450 (see Section 3-4).
ASMI TYPE
Indicates the function of the ASMi-450: central or remote.
Displays the ASMi-450 software version
SOFTWARE REV
HARDWARE REV
Displays the ASMi-450 hardware version
EXIT---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
End the current session and return control to the ASMi-450 front panel.
Purpose
Format
Use
EXIT
Type:
EXIT<CR>
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ASMi-450 Control from the Control Port
F--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Define the codes used to be sent to the control terminal to perform the following
terminal control functions:
Purpose
•
•
•
Clear screen
Move cursor to screen home position.
Move cursor to the right by one position.
This command lets you enter manually the desired codes. However, if you are using a
terminal of the following type: VT-52, VT-100, TV-920, FREEDOM-110,
FREEDOM-220, or a terminal which is compatible with one of the terminals listed
above, you can use the DEF TERM command (see DEF TERM command) to select
automatically the corresponding control sequences.
Format
Use
F
1. To display the current codes, type:
F<CR>
2. The terminal function entry screen is displayed. The screen includes three separate
lines, displayed one after the other. A typical screen, showing all the three lines, is
shown below:
CLEAR SCREEN =hhhhhhhh (clear screen code)
CURSOR HOME
=hhhhhhhh (cursor home code)
CURSOR RIGHT =hhhhhhhh (cursor right code)
where h indicates hexadecimal digits.
3. To change a code, bring the cursor under the first digit of the code to be changed, by
pressing <CR>, then enter the appropriate hexadecimal digit.
4. Repeat the procedure until all the necessary digits are changed.
HELP -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose
Display an index of the control port commands and the options available for each
command.
Format
& Use
H<CR>
You will see the first HELP page. Press any key to see the next page.
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ASMi-450 Control from the Control Port
INIT DB ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose
Load a specified set of default parameters values instead of the user configuration (Table
4-3).
Format
Use
INIT DB
1. Type
INIT DB<CR>
2. The ASMi-450 will display the TIME and DATE fields followed by the ASMi-450
prompt.
Table 4-C. ASMi-450 Default Configuration Used with Control Terminal
Parameter Type Parameter Designation
Default Value
PASSWORD
NODE (node number)
CLEAR SCREEN
CURSOR HOME
CURSOR RIGHT
CLK_MASTER
ACTIVE TS
SPEED
ASMI
0
General
System
00000000
00000000
00000000
EXT
Maximum supported on the ASMi-450 model
AUTO
8
DATA
PARITY
NONE
DCE
NO
INT
SP
PWD
(Control Port)
LOG_OFF
CTS
NO
=RTS
ON
DSR
DCD_DEL
POP_ALM
0_MSEC
NO
INIT F -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose
Resets the terminal control codes used to clear the terminal screen, to move the cursor to
the right, and to return the cursor to the home position to 0.
Format
& Use
INIT F<CR>
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ASMi-450 Control from the Control Port
LOOP-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose
Activate a user-controlled loopback or test on the ASMi-450 (see Section 5-3 for test
and loopbacks descriptions).
Format
Use
LOOP [looptype]
1. To activate the local (L) loopback on the user's port of the local ASMi-450, type:
LOOP L PORT<CR> or LP L PORT<CR>
2. To activate the remote (R) loopback on the user's port of the remote ASMi-450, type:
LOOP R R PORT<CR> or LP R R PORT<CR>
3. You will see the time and date, followed by the ASMi-450 prompt.
At any time, you can activate only one loopback If you try to activate a second
loopback, you will see an error message (illegal loop combination). You must deactivate
the other loopback before you can activate the new one.
NODE-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose
Format
Use
Select an ASMi-450 for establishing a control session.
NODE 'node number'
1. To connect to the desired ASMi-450, type:
NODE 'node number' <CR>
where 'node number' is the three-digit node number, in the range of 1 through 255.
2. When the addressed ASMi-450 is on-line, it will echo the complete string:
NODE<SP>nnn<SP>. After you see the echo, type the desired command.
PASSWORD----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose
Enter the password when prompted to type the password upon the start of a control
session.
Format
Use
PWD<SP>'password'
1. When you see the prompt
PASSWORD>
type:
'password'<CR>
where 'password' is the string of four to eight alphanumeric characters that has been
defined by the user (or the default, ASMI, as appropriate).
2. The ASMi-450 sends the current time and date, and then the prompt ASMI>is
displayed on the next line.
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ASMi-450 Control from the Control Port
RESET -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose
Reset the ASMi-450. This will cause the ASMi-450 to initialize, therefore the traffic
through the ASMi-450 will be disrupted until the ASMi-450 returns to normal operation.
For this function to operate the internal WD jumper (Section 2-4) must be set to ON.
Format
Use
RESET
1. To reset the ASMi-450, type:
RESET<CR>
TIME --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose
Format
Use
Set the time for the ASMi-450 internal real-time clock.
TIME
1. Type
TIME<CR>
2. The ASMi-450 sends the time entry form:
HOUR = 12
MINUTE = 25
SECOND = 16
3. If necessary, change the time as follows:.
•
•
•
Bring the cursor to the beginning of the first field to be changed by pressing the
space bar.
To change the selected field, press F or B to scroll among the available
selections.
When the desired selection is displayed, press the space bar to move to the next
field.
4. Set the time about one minute beyond the current time, and then press <CR> at the
correct instant. The ASMi-450 will display the TIME and DATE fields (note that
TIME has changed), followed by the ASMi-450 prompt.
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ASMi-450 Control from the Control Port
4.6 Control Terminal Operating Instructions
Before using the control terminal, make sure the preparations listed in
Section 4-3 were completed and all the relevant equipment has been turned on.
Starting a Session
- Single ASMi-450
When the terminal is used to control a single ASMi-450, always assign node
address 0 to the ASMi-450. Use the following start-up sequence to connect to a
ASMi-450 that has been assigned node number 0.
1. If you use the AUTO (Autobaud) mode, press the <CR> key three times.
This allows the ASMi-450 to identify the terminal data rate.
2. Assuming that the ASMi-450 successfully identified the data rate of the
control terminal, you will be notified if the ASMi-450 failed the power-up
self-test:
•
If you see ASMi-450 SELFTEST FAILED,the ASMi-450 must be
repaired before you can continue using it.
•
If ASMi-450 successfully passed the power-up self-test (ASMi-450
SELFTEST OK), it sends the following message:
ASMI SUPERVISORY PORT ON LINE. TYPE “H” FOR HELP
3. By now, the ASMi-450 prompt should already be displayed on the terminal
screen, after the ON-LINE announcement. If you see
PASSWORD>
this indicates that password protection is enabled. In this case, type the
password:
'password'<CR>
where 'password' stands for the current password (four to eight characters). For
each password character typed by you, the terminal displays an asterisk *.
The default password is ASMI.
If your password is accepted, you will see the prompt ASMI>.
4. The ASMi-450 is now in session, under your control:
•
On your terminal, you will see the prompt:
ASMI>
•
On the ASMi-450 front panel, you will see the message:
TERMINAL ON LINE
The front panel controls are disabled as long as the ASMi-450 is under
remote control.
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ASMi-450 Control from the Control Port
Note
While the control terminal is in session with the ASMi-450, the ASMi-450 local
operator can regain control by disconnecting the cable from the ASMi-450
CONTROL DCE connector, or by sending the EXIT command from the control
terminal.
The ASMi-450 will automatically return to front panel control if no commands
are received for a certain period of time (controlled by the LOG_OFF
parameter). This time-out can however be disabled.
Starting a Session
- Multiple ASMi-450
When one terminal is used to control several ASMi-450 connected via modems,
non-zero node addresses are assigned to each ASMi-450. The node addresses, in
the range of 1 through 255, are assigned during the first session, by means of the
command DEF NODE. Use the following procedure to establish a session with a
specific ASMi-450.
Important
If you are using a multidrop configuration, do not assign address 0 to any of the
ASMi-450 connected to a given terminal. Make sure the interface type is set as
DTE, and select the appropriate DCD_DEL parameter.
1. Press the <CR> key three times.
2. Type NODE, space, the desired ASMi-450 node address and another space,
and then type the desired command and press <CR>. For example, with node
address 234, type:
NODE<SP>234<SP> 'command' <CR>
3. If the addressed ASMi-450 does not use password protection, it will
immediately execute the command.
4. If the addressed ASMi-450 is password protected, you will see the prompt:
PASSWORD>
Type again the node address and then the password. For example, for node
address 234, type :
NODE<SP>234<SP>'password'<CR>
5. If the password is correct, the ASMi-450 will execute the command.
Otherwise, you will see:
ENTER PASSWORD>
Control Session
1. During the control session, type the desired commands at the terminal
keyboard. You must see the ASMi-450 echo character by character.
If a bad command appears, backspace to clear the error, and then type again
the correct character.
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ASMi-450 Control from the Control Port
•
•
When you see the correct and complete command in the echo line, press
<CR> to execute the command. The ASMi-450 will process the
command and display the appropriate response.
At the end of the command execution, the ASMi-450 displays the
current time and date, and then provides a new prompt for the next
command line.
If you changed your mind, and want to abort the command, press
BREAK or CTRL-C. You will again receive the prompt, so you can
enter another command.
Note
You can also use BREAK or CTRL+C to stop automatic repetition of
commands sent with the /R option.
2. If your command is not correct, the ASMi-450 will not execute it, but will
echo again the command, with a bad command message in the following
line. Type again the correct command.
3. If the terminal screen fills up during the exchange with the ASMi-450, you
will see the message:
HIT ANY KEY TO CONTINUE
After pressing any key except BREAK, the terminal scrolls to the next page.
Ending a Control
Session
1. To end the control session, type:
EXIT
2. The ASMi-450 prompt will disappear. Now you can control the ASMi-450
from its front panel.
Note
A control session may also be terminated by the ASMi-450 if the idle disconnect
time-out is enabled, or when the DTR line switches to the inactive (OFF) state.
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ASMi-450 Control from the Control Port
4.7 Configuration Error Messages
The ASMi-450 provides configuration error messages for the control terminal
user. The configuration messages have the format ERROR, followed by a two-
digit code. The ASMi-450 will display a short description of the error message
after the ERROR code.
The error messages are explained below.
ERROR 01
ILLEGAL LOOP COMBINATION
Illegal combination of loopbacks: you are trying to activate simultaneously
local and remote loopbacks. Only one loopback can be connected at a time.
ERROR 02
ERROR 03
ERROR 04
ERROR 06
REM REM LOOP WHILE SYNC LOSS
You are trying to activate REM REM loopback while synchronization is lost.
ILLEGAL CLOCK MODE ON REMOTE SIDE
You are trying to select the internal clock mode at the remote side.
LOOP IS NOT ACTIVE
You are trying to disconnect a loopback that is not active.
ILLEGAL NODE NUMBER
You are trying to select a node number greater than 255.
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ASMi-450 Control from the Control Port
Notes
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Chapter 5
Diagnostics
5.1 General
The ASMi-450 diagnostics functions include:
•
•
•
•
Status indications and messages - Section 5-2.
Test functions - Section 5-3.
Power-up self-test - Section 5-4.
Troubleshooting - Section 5-5.
5.2 Status Indications and Messages
Indicators
Display
ASMi-450 status is indicated by the front panel indicators. Indicator functions
are listed in Table 3-1.
The Ethernet LAN and interface status is indicated by the rear panel indicators.
Indicator functions are listed in Table 3-2.
The ASMi-450 maintains an alarm buffer. The buffer can store one alarm event
of each type, and a maximum of 100 alarms can be stored for display on the
control terminal.
The ASMi-450 operator can view the contents of the alarm buffer on the front
panel LCD display, and can delete the event alarms from the buffer when no
longer needed. This procedure is explained in Section 3-6.
Table 5-1 presents the alarm messages displayed by the ASMi-450 in
alphabetical order, and lists the actions required to correct the alarm condition
(the messages displayed on the control terminal have a similar syntax).
To correct the reported problem, perform the corrective actions in the given
order, until problem is corrected. If the problem cannot be corrected by carrying
out the listed actions, have the ASMi-450 checked by the technical support
personnel.
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Diagnostics
Table 5-A. ASMi-450 Alarm Buffer Messages
Alarm
Type
Message
Description
Corrective Actions
LAN NOT CONNECTED The Ethernet interface is not
Check the cable connecting the LAN, ON/OFF
the LAN media, and check that at
least one station is active on the LAN
Read the messages and then clear the ON/OFF
buffer:
connected to an operating LAN
LOCAL ALARM
More than 100 alarms entries have
been written in the alarm buffer of
the local ASMi-450 since the last
clear command. New alarms are
overwriting the older alarms
BUFFER OVERFLOW
-
If you are using the front panel,
delete all the event alarms by
selecting CLEAR.
-
From the control terminal, send
the CLR ALM command
LOCAL DB CHECKSUM The data base currently stored in the 1. Load the default configuration in ON/OFF
ERROR
non-volatile memory of the local
ASMi-450 is corrupted. Message can
appear only upon power-up
the place of the current data base
(from the control terminal, enter
the INIT DB command)
2. Replace the ASMi-450
LOCAL DB-INIT
SWITCH IS ON
Section DB INI of switch S1 of the If it is no longer necessary to enforce
ON
local ASMi-450 is set to ON
the default data base parameter
values, change setting to OFF
Check the LAN or DTE connection
LAN NOT CONNECTED No data is received from the user's
port (for ASMi-450 version with
serial data port).
ON/OFF
or
The Ethernet interface is not
connected to an operating LAN (at
least one station must be active on
the LAN)
LOCAL HARDWARE
FAILURE
Local ASMi-450 technical failure
(failure of one of the internal
programmable components)
Replace the ASMi-450
ON/OFF
ON
LOCAL LOW QUALITY A CRC-6 error has been detected in If the number of CRC-6 errors is
ALARM
the HDSL input signal of the local
ASMi-450
significant (more than a few errors
per hour), perform the following:
1. Check the HDSL line connecting
the two ASMi-450 units.
2. Perform self-test on the two
ASMi-450 and replace the
ASMi-450 that fails the self-test
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Diagnostics
Table 5-1. ASMi-450 Alarm Buffer Messages (Cont’d)
Alarm
Type
Message
Description
Corrective Actions
LOCAL PSWRD
SWITCH IS ON
Section PSWD of switch S1 of the
local ASMI-450 is set to ON
If it is no longer necessary to enforce
the default password and node
number, change setting to OFF
Have the ASMi-450 repaired
ON
LOCAL REAL TIME
CLOCK BATTERY
FAILURE
The battery that powers the local
ASMi-450 internal real-time clock
when ASMi-450 is not powered has
failed
ON
LOCAL RECEIVE
SLIP
A slip has been detected by the local Check the selection of clock sources
ON
ASMi-450 in the receive path
at the local and remote ASMi-450
units
LOCAL REVERSE
POLARITY
Reserved loop polarity has been
detected by the local ASMi-450
The ASMi-450 continues normal
operation
ON
ON
LOCAL SELF TEST
ERROR
A problem has been detected during Repeat self-test, and replace the
local ASMi-450 self-test ASMi-450 if it fails the self-test
LOCAL SIGNAL LOSS Loss of HDSL line input signal at the 1. Check the HDSL line.
ON/OFF
local ASMi-450
2. Perform self-test on the two
ASMi-450 and replace the
ASMi-450 that fails the self-test
LOCAL SP-PAR
SWITCH IS ON
Section DEF SP of switch S1 of the If it is no longer necessary to enforce
ON
local ASMi-450 is set ON
the default control port parameters,
change setting to OFF
LOCAL SYNC LOSS
Loss of synchronization on the
HDSL line at the local ASMi-450
1. Check the HDSL line
ON/OFF
2. Perform self-test on the two
ASMi-450, and replace the
ASMi-450 that fails the self-test
LOCAL TRANSMIT
SLIP
A slip has been detected by the local Check the selection of clock sources
ON
ON
ON
ASMi-450 in the transmit path
at the local and remote ASMi-450
units
REM TRANSMIT SLIP A slip has been detected by the
Check the selection of clock sources
remote ASMi-450 in the receive path at the local and remote ASMi-450
units
REM RECEIVE SLIP A slip has been detected by the
Check the selection of clock sources
remote ASMi-450 in the receive path at the local and remote ASMi-450
units
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Diagnostics
Table 5-1. ASMi-450 Alarm Buffer Messages (Cont’d)
Alarm
Type
Message
Description
Corrective Actions
REMOTE ALARM
More than 256 alarms entries have
been written in the alarm buffer of
Read the messages and then clear the ON/OFF
buffer:
BUFFER OVERFLOW
the remote ASMi-450 since the last - If you are using the front panel,
clear command. New alarms are
overwriting the older alarms
delete all the event alarms by
selecting CLEAR.
- From the control terminal, send the
CLR ALM command
REMOTE DB
The data base currently stored in the 1. Load the default configuration in ON/OFF
CHECKSUM ERROR
non-volatile memory of the remote
ASMi-450 is corrupted. Message can
appear only upon power-up
the place of the current data base
(from the control terminal, enter
the INIT DB command)
2. Replace the ASMi-450
REMOTE DB-INIT
SWITCH IS ON
Section DB INI of switch S1 of the If it is no longer necessary to enforce
ON
remote ASMi-450 is set to ON
the default data base parameter
values, change setting to OFF
REMOTE DTE NOT
CONNECTED
No data is received from the remote Check the remote LAN or DTE
user's port (for an ASMi-450 version connection
with serial data port).
ON/OFF
or
The remote Ethernet interface is not
connected to an operating LAN (at
least one station must be active on
the LAN)
REMOTE HARDWARE
FAILURE
Remote ASMi-450 technical failure Replace the ASMi-450
(failure of one of the internal
ON/OFF
ON
programmable components)
REMOTE LOW
The far-end block error rate (FEBE) 1. Check the HDSL line connecting
QUALITY ALARM
reported via the HDSL line exceeds
the two ASMi-450 units.
2. Perform self-test on the two
ASMi-450 and replace the
-7
10
ASMi-450 that fails the self-test
If it is no longer necessary to enforce
the default password and node
number, change setting to OFF
Have the ASMi-450 repaired
REMOTE PSWRD
SWITCH IS ON
Section PSWD of switch S1 of the
remote ASMI-450 is set to ON
ON
ON
REMOTE REAL TIME The battery that powers the remote
CLOCK BATTERY
FAILURE
ASMi-450 internal real-time clock
when ASMi-450 is not powered has
failed
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Diagnostics
Table 5-1. ASMi-450 Alarm Buffer Messages (Cont’d)
Alarm
Type
Message
Description
Corrective Actions
REMOTE REVERSE
POLARITY
Reversed loop polarity has been
detected by the remote ASMi-450
The ASMi-450 continues normal
operation
ON
ON
REMOTE SELF TEST A problem has been detected during Repeat self-test, and replace the
ERROR
remote ASMi-450 self-test
ASMi-450 if it fails the self-test
REMOTE SIGNAL
LOSS
Loss of HDSL line input signal at the 1. Check the HDSL line.
ON/OFF
remote ASMi-450.
2. Perform self-test on the two
ASMi-450 and replace the
ASMi-450 that fails the self-test
REMOTE SP-PAR
SWITCH IS ON
Section DEF SP of switch S1 of the If it is no longer necessary to enforce
ON
remote ASMi-450 is set ON
the default SP-PAR and node
number, change setting to OFF
1. Check the HDSL line
REMOTE SYNC LOSS Loss of synchronization on the
ON/OFF
HDSL line at the remote ASMi-450 2. Perform self-test on the two
ASMi-450 and replace the
ASMi-450 that fails the self-test
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Diagnostics
5.3 Test Functions
Test Functions
The ASMi-450 supports the following types of test functions:
•
Local loopback on the user's port of the local ASMi-450 (LOOP LOCAL
PORT).
•
Remote loopback on the user's port of the remote ASMi-450 (LOOP REM
REM PORT).
The loopbacks are not available for an ASMi-450 with the Ethernet interface.
The user-controlled test functions are accessed from the TEST OPTIONS menu.
In addition, when the internal jumpers ALB and RLB are set to EN (see Section
2-4 for detailed instructions), the LOOP LOCAL PORT and LOOP REM REM
PORT loopbacks, respectively, can also be enabled via the corresponding
CCITT Rec. V.52 pins in the DCE connector.
The available test functions are described in the following paragraphs. The test
functions are identified by the designation displayed by the ASMi-450.
LOOP LOCAL PORT
When activated, the local user's port loopback returns the signal received from
the user's DTE, after passing through the user's port interface of the ASMi-450.
The local loopback is formed by connecting the transmit signal, provided by the
user's port interface to the processing circuits, to the input of the receive path of
the user's port interface. The test signal is provided by the DTE connected to the
ASMi-450, that must receive its own transmission without errors while the
loopback is activated. During the loopback, the local ASMi-450 continues
sending the user's data to the link.
Figure 5-1 shows a typical local user's port loopback.
This test is generally used to check the connections between the DTE and the
ASMi-450.
LOCAL ASMi-450
REMOTE ASMi-450
HDSL Line
User
Interface
HDSL Line
Interface
HDSL Line
Interface
User
Interface
Processing
Processing
Figure 5-A. LOOP LOCAL PORT Loopback
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Diagnostics
LOOP REM REM PORT
When the remote user's port loopback is activated, the user's port interface of
the remote ASMi-450 returns the received data signal toward the local user's
DTE. The remote loopback is performed by internally connecting the DCE
receive signal, to the input of the transmit path. The received data signal
remains connected to the remote user's DTE. The test signal is provided by the
local user's DTE, that must receive its own transmission without errors while the
loopback is activated.
Figure 5-2 shows a typical remote user's port loopback.
This test fully checks the data link, including the cables connecting the two
ASMi-450 to the HDSL line, the transmission plant connecting the two
ASMi-450, and the cable connecting the local user's DTE to the local
ASMi-450.
LOCAL ASMi-450
REMOTE ASMi-450
HDSL Line
User
Interface
HDSL Line
Interface
HDSL Line
Interface
User
Interface
Processing
Processing
Figure 5-B. LOOP REM REM PORT Loopback
TEST OPTIONS
Operating
Instructions
Before starting the execution of a test, note that in general you should activate
only one loopback at a time.
To activate or deactivate a specific test, use the following procedure:
Step
Action
Key
Display
1
2
Bring the cursor under the left-hand field in
the top row (if not already there)
Scroll to display TEST OPTIONS in the top
row
CURSOR
SCROLL The right-hand field of the top row should
show OFF, to indicate that no test is active.
LOOPS indicates that a test is currently
active (in this case, the front-panel TST
indicator lights).
Second row is empty
3
To enable the activation of tests, bring the
cursor under the right-hand field in the top
row, and scroll to display LOOPS
CURSOR, The second row displays the first test option
SCROLL
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Diagnostics
(Cont’d)
Step
Action
Key
Display
4
Bring the cursor under the left-hand field in
the second row, and scroll to display the
desired type of loopback:
CURSOR, Second row shows the current state of the
SCROLL selected test, OFF or ON
•
LOCAL PORT (local user's port
loopback)
•
REM REM PORT (remote user's port
loopback)
5
6
To change the test state, bring the cursor
CURSOR, The second row shows the new state of the
under the right-hand field in the second row, SCROLL selected test, e.g., ON
and scroll to display the desired state
Press ENTER to activate the displayed test
The TST indicator turns on if the test is
activated, or turns off if no test is activated
To deactivate all the tests, perform steps 1, 2, 3 above: in step 3 select OFF, and
then press ENTER. The TST indicator will turn off.
Activating the Test
Functions from a
Control Terminal
The test functions can be activated by means of a control terminal, using the
LOOP and CLR LOOP commands, as explained in Chapter 4.
5.4 Power-Up Self-Test
The ASMi-450 performs a power-up self-test upon turn-on. The self-test
sequence, described in Section 3-6, tests the critical circuit functions and the
display.
In case of failure, the ASMi-450 displays an alarm message in the second row.
5-8
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Diagnostics
5.5 Troubleshooting Instructions
In case a problem occurs, check the displayed alarm messages and refer to Section 5-2 and Table 5-1 for
their interpretation. If trouble cannot be corrected by performing the actions listed in Table 5-1, use
Table 5-2: identify the trouble symptoms and perform the actions listed under “Corrective Measures” in
the order given in Table 5-2, until the problem is corrected.
Table 5-B. Troubleshooting Chart
No. Trouble Symptoms
Probable Cause
Corrective Measures
1 The ASMi-450 is “dead” 1. No power
1. Check that both ends of the power cable are
properly connected (for AC-powered units,
also check that the POWER switch is ON).
2. If the ASMi-450 is powered from DC, check
the polarity of the power connections
Disconnect the power cable from both ends and
replace the fuse with another fuse of proper
rating
2. Blown fuse
3. Defective ASMi-450
Replace the ASMi-450
2
Local DTE does not
1. Problem in local router Activate the local port loopback. The TD and
receive the remote DTE.
No alarm indicator lights
connections
RD indicators should light to indicate data
activity. If the local DTE does not receive its
own signal, check the connections of the local
DTE, and the DTE itself
2. Defective ASMi-450
1. External problem
Perform power-up self-test and replace the
ASMi-450 if defective
3
4
HDSL LOS indicator
lights (local loss of
synchronization alarm on
the HDSL line)
1. Activate the local user's channel loopback. If
the local DTE does not receive its own
transmission, check the cable connecting it
to the ASMi-450 DCE connector
2. Defective ASMi-450
2. Perform power-up self-test and replace the
ASMi-450 if defective
Ethernet interface COLL 1. Loopback connected on 1. If the TST indicator lights, check and
indicator lights most of
the time, and LAN
cannot operate
the ASMi-450
disconnect the loopback
2. Check and replace if necessary the cable that
connects the ASMi-450 10BaseT connector
to the LAN
3. Disconnect the ASMi-450 from the LAN: if
problem persists, troubleshoot the LAN
4. Perform power-up self-test and replace the
ASMi-450 if defective
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Diagnostics
Table 5-2. Troubleshooting Chart (Cont’d)
Probable Cause Corrective Measures
No. Trouble Symptoms
5
Ethernet interface LINK 1. No active station on the 1. Check that at least one station is active on
indicator not lit
LAN
the LAN
2. Cable problem
3. Problem on the LAN
4. Defective ASMi-450
2. Check and replace if necessary the cable that
connects the ASMi-450 10BaseT connector
to the LAN
3. Check LAN media
4. Perform power-up self-test and replace the
ASMi-450 if defective
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Appendix A
Connector Wiring
A.1 RS-530 DCE Connector and Adapter Cables
When the ASMi-450 is ordered with an RS-530 DCE interface, the physical
interface is a 25-pin female connector wired in accordance with Table A-1.
Table A-1. RS-530 DCE Connector
Pin Designation
Direction
Function
1
2
FG
SDA
RDA
RTSA
CTSA
DSRA
SG
↔
Frame Ground
To ASMi-450
Send Data - wire A
3
From ASMi-450 Receive Data - wire A
4
To ASMi-450
Request to Send (RTS) - wire A
5
From ASMi-450 Clear to Send (CTS) - wire A
6
From ASMi-450 Data Set Ready (DSR) - wire A
Signal Ground
7
↔
8
DCDA
RCB
DCDB
SCEB
SCB
From ASMi-450 Carrier Detect (DCD) - wire A
From ASMi-450 Receive Clock - wire B
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
From ASMi-450 Carrier Detect (DCD) - wire B
To ASMi-450
Send External Clock - wire B
From ASMi-450 Send Clock - wire B
CTSB
SDB
From ASMi-450 Clear to Send (CTS) - wire B
To ASMi-450
Send Data - wire B
SCA
From ASMi-450 Send Clock - wire A
From ASMi-450 Receive Data - wire B
From ASMi-450 Receive Clock - wire A
RDB
RCA
LL
To ASMi-450
To ASMi-450
Local Loopback (V.54 Loop 3)
RTSB
Request to Send (RTS) - wire B
DTRA/RCEA To ASMi-450
Data Terminal Ready(DTR) - wire A/Receive External Clock - wire
A
21
22
23
24
25
RL
To ASMi-450
Remote Loopback (V.54 Loop 2)
DSRB
From ASMi-450 Data Set Ready (DSR) - wire B
DTRB/RCEB To ASMi-450
Data Terminal Ready (DTR) - wire B/Receive External Clock - wire B
Send External Clock - wire A
SCEA
TM
To ASMi-450
From ASMi-450 Test Indicator
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Connector Wiring
Table A-2. V.36/RS-449/422 DCE Interface Adapter Cable
Pin Designation
Direction
Function
Frame Ground
V.36/RS-449/422
1
FG
SDA
RDA
RTSA
CTSA
DSRA
SG
↔
1
4
2
To ASMi-450
From ASMi-450
To ASMi-450
From ASMi-450
From ASMi-450
↔
From ASMi-450
From ASMi-450
From ASMi-450
To ASMi-450
From ASMi-450
From ASMi-450
To ASMi-450
From ASMi-450
From ASMi-450
From ASMi-450
N/A
Send Data - wire A
3
Receive Data - wire A
6
4
Request to Send (RTS) - wire A
Clear to Send (CTS) - wire A
Data Set Ready (DSR) - wire A
Signal Ground
7
5
9
6
11
19
13
26
31
35
23
27
22
5
7
8
DCDA
RCB
DCDB
SCEB
SCB
Carrier Detect (DCD) - wire A
Receive Clock - wire B
Carrier Detect (DCD) - wire B
Send External Clock - wire B
Send Clock - wire B
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
CTSB
SDB
SCA
RDB
RCA
–
Clear to Send (CTS) - wire B
Send Data - wire B
Send Clock - wire A
Receive Data - wire B
24
8
Receive Clock - wire A
Not Connected
–
RTSB
RCEA
–
To ASMi-450
To ASMi-450
N/A
Request to Send (RTS) - wire B
Receive External Clock - wire A
Not Connected
25
–
–
DSRB
RCEB
SCEA
–
From ASMi-450
To ASMi-450
To ASMi-450
N/A
Data Set Ready (DSR) - wire B
Receive External Clock - wire B
Send External Clock - wire A
Not Connected
29
–
17
–
Note
The V.36/RS-499/422 connector is a 37-pin D-type male connector.
A-2
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Connector Wiring
A.2 V.35 DCE Connector
When the ASMi-450 is ordered with an V.35 DCE interface, the physical
interface is a 34-pin female connector wired in accordance with Table A-3.
Table A-3. V.35 DCE Connector
Pin Designation
Direction
Function
Protective Ground
A
B
PG
SG
↔
↔
Signal Ground
C
RTS
To ASMi-450
Request to Send
D
E
CTS
From ASMi-450 Clear to Send
From ASMi-450 Data Set Ready
From ASMi-450 Data Carrier Detect
DSR
DCD
TDA
RDA
TDB
RDB
ETCA
RCA
ETCB
RCB
TCA
ERCB
TCB
ERCA
F
P
To ASMi-450
From ASMi-450 Receive Data - wire A
To ASMi-450 Transmit Data - wire B
From ASMi-450 Receive Data - wire B
Transmit Data - wire A
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
To ASMi-450
External Transmit Clock - wire A
From ASMi-450 Receive Clock - wire A
To ASMi-450
External Transmit Clock - wire B
From ASMi-450 Receive Clock - wire B
From ASMi-450 Transmit Clock - wire A
To ASMi-450
From ASMi-450 Transmit Clock - wire B
To ASMi-450 External Receive Clock - wire A
External Receive Clock - wire B
AA
BB
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Connector Wiring
A.3 X.21 DCE Connector
When the ASMi-450 is ordered with an X.21 interface, the physical interface is
a 15-pin female D-type connector wired in accordance with Table A-4.
Table A-4. DCE Connector, X.21 Interface
Pin Designation
Direction
Function
1
2
FG
TA
CA
RA
IA
↔
Frame Ground
To ASMi-450
Transmit Data - wire A
Control - wire A
3
To ASMi-450
4
From ASMi-450 Receive Data - wire A
From ASMi-450 Indication Data - wire A
From ASMi-450 Signal Timing - wire A
5
6
SA
BA
G
7
To ASMi-450
External Timing - wire A
Signal Ground
8
↔
9
TB
CB
RB
IB
To ASMi-450
To ASMi-450
Transmit Data - wire B
Control - wire B
10
11
12
13
14
15
From ASMi-450 Receive Data - wire B
From ASMi-450 Indication Data - wire B
From ASMi-450 Signal Timing - wire B
SB
BB
–
To ASMi-450
N/A
External Timing - wire B
Not Connected
A-4
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Connector Wiring
A.4 HDSL Line Connector
The HDSL line is terminated in an eight-pin RJ-45 connector, designated LINE,
and wired in accordance with Table A-5.
Table A-5. LINE Connector, Pin Allocation
Pin
Function
1
2
Line
3 through 8 Not Connected
A.5 RS-232 (V.24) Control Port Connector
The ASMi-450 control port has a standard RS-232 interface. The physical
interface is a 9-pin female connector, designated CONTROL DCE, wired in
accordance with Table A-6.
Table A-6 also lists the connections to the RS-232 interface of a control
terminal, and the connection to a modem (the terminal and the modem are
assumed to have 25-pin connectors).
Table A-6. Control Port Interface Signals
Connected
to Terminal Dial-Out Modem
Connected to
Pin
Line
Notes
From ASMi-450
1
2
3
4
5
Data Carrier Detect (DCD)
Receive Data (RD)
8
3
4
2
3
6
7
From ASMi-450
To ASMi-450
Transmit Data (TD)
2
Data Terminal Ready (DTR) To ASMi-450
20
7
Signal Ground (SIG)
Common reference and DC
power supply ground
From ASMi-450
6
7
Data Set Ready (DSR)
6
4
20
8
Request to Send (Request to To ASMi-450
Send (RTS))
8
9
Clear to Send (CTS)
Ring Indicator (RI)
From ASMi-450
To ASMi-450
5
-
-
22
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Connector Wiring
A.6 Ethernet Interface Connector
When the ASMi-450 is ordered with an Ethernet interface, the physical
interface is an RJ-45 connector wired in accordance with Table A-7.
Table A-7. Ethernet Interface Connector
Pin Designation
Direction
Function
1
2
TxD+
To ASMi-450
To ASMi-450
From ASMi-450
N/A
Transmit Data - wire +
Transmit Data - wire -
Receive Data -
TxD-
3
RxD-
4
-
Not connected
5
-
RxD+
-
N/A
Not connected
6
From ASMi-450
N/A
Receive Data +
7, 8
Not connected
A-6
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Appendix B
SNMP Management
B.1 Scope
This Appendix provides the specific information required for the management
of the ASMi-450 by means of the Simple Network Management Protocol
(SNMP).
An ASMi-450 unit configured as the central unit serves as a proxy agent for the
remote unit to which it is connected. Therefore, an SNMP-based network
management station connected to a central ASMi-450 unit can perform all the
management functions available on the remote unit.
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SNMP Management
B.2 SNMP Environment
General
The SNMP management functions of the ASMi-450 are provided by an internal
SNMP agent, which is communicate through the ASMi-450 control port using
the Serial Link Internet Protocol (SLIP).
The SNMP management communication uses the User Datagram Protocol
(UDP). UDP is a connectionless-mode transport protocol, part of the suite of
protocols of the Internet Protocol (IP).
Note
Telnet management uses the TCP protocol over IP for management
communication. After a Telnet session is started, the management interface is
similar to that used for the supervision terminal (Chapter 3).
This section covers the information related to the SNMP environment. For a
description of the IP environment, refer to Section B-3.
SNMP Principles
The SNMP management protocol is an asynchronous command/response polling
protocol: all the management traffic, except for trap messages, is initiated by the
SNMP-based network management station, which addresses the managed
entities in its management domain. Only the addressed managed entity answers
the polling of the management station.
The managed entities include a function called an “SNMP agent”, which is
responsible for interpretation and handling of the management station requests
to the managed entity, and the generation of properly-formatted responses to the
management station.
SNMP Operations
The SNMP protocol includes four types of operations:
getRequest
Command for retrieving specific management
information from the managed entity. The managed entity
responds with a getResponse message.
getNextRequest Command for retrieving sequentially specific
management information from the managed entity. The
managed entity responds with a getResponse message.
setRequest
Command for manipulating specific management
information within the managed entity. The managed
entity responds with a setResponse message.
trap
Management message carrying unsolicited information
on extraordinary events (that is, events which occurred
not in response to a management operation) reported by
the managed entity.
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SNMP Management
The Management Information Base
The management information base (MIB) includes a collection of managed
objects. A managed object is defined as a parameter that can be managed, such
as a performance statistics value.
The MIB includes the definitions of relevant managed objects. Various MIBs
can be defined for various management purposes, types of equipment, etc.
An object's definition includes the range of values (also called “instances”) and
the “access” rights:
Read-only
Object value can be read, but cannot be set.
Object value can be read or set.
Read-write
Not accessible
Object value cannot be read, nor set.
MIB Structure
The MIB has an inverted tree-like structure, with each definition of a managed
object forming one leaf, located at the end of a branch of that tree. Each “leaf”
in the MIB is reached by a unique path, therefore by numbering the branching
points, starting with the top, each leaf can be uniquely defined by a sequence of
numbers. The formal description of the managed objects and the MIB structure
is provided in a special standardized format, called Abstract Syntax Notation 1
(ASN.1).
Since the general collection of MIBs can also be organized in a similar
structure, under the supervision of the Internet Activities Board (IAB), any
parameter included in a MIB that is recognized by the IAB is uniquely defined.
To provide the flexibility necessary in a global structure, MIBs are classified in
various classes (branches), one of them being the experimental branch, and
another the group of private (enterprise-specific) branch. Under the private
enterprise-specific branch of MIBs, each enterprise (manufacturer) can be
assigned a number, which is its enterprise number. The assigned number
designates the top of an enterprise-specific sub-tree of non-standard MIBs.
Within this context, RAD has been assigned the enterprise number 164.
Therefore, enterprise MIBs published by RAD can be found under
1.3.6.1.4.1.164.
MIBs of general interest are published by the IAB in the form of a Request for
Comment (RFC) document. In addition, MIBs are also often assigned informal
names that reflect their primary purpose. Enterprise-specific MIBs are published
and distributed by their originator, which is responsible for their contents.
MIBs Supported by the ASMi-450 SNMP Agent
The interpretation of the relevant MIBs is a function of the SNMP agent of each
managed entity. The ASMi-450 SNMP agent supports the standard MIB-II
RFC 1158.
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SNMP Management
In addition, the ASMi-450 SNMP agent supports the RAD-private (enterprise-
specific) MIB.
•
For ASMi-450/1152, the RAD-private MIB is identified as (read the
following as a continuous string):
iso(1).org(3).dod(6).internet(1).private(4).enterprise
s(1).rad(164).radGen(6).systems(1).radSysWAN(3).radASM
i450R1152Sa
•
For ASMi-450/768, the RAD-private MIB is identified as:
iso(1).org(3).dod(6).internet(1).private(4).enterprise
s(1).rad(164).radGen(6).systems(1).radSysWAN(3).radASM
i450R768Sa
Enterprise-specific MIBs supported by RAD equipment, including those for the
ASMi-450, are available in ASN.1 format from the RAD Technical Support
Department.
Management
Domains Under
SNMP
SNMP enables, in principle, each management station that knows the MIBs
supported by a device to perform all the management operations available on
that device. However, this is not desirable in practical situations, so it is
necessary to provide a means to delimit management domains.
SNMP Communities
To enable the delimitation of management domains, SNMP uses
“communities”. Each community is identified by a name, which is an
alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters defined by the user.
Any SNMP entity (this term includes both managed entities and management
stations) is assigned by its user a community name.
Access Restriction Using SNMP Communities
In general, SNMP agents support two types of access rights:
•
Read-only: the SNMP agent accepts and processes only SNMP getRequest
and getNextRequest commands from management stations which have the
same read-only community name.
•
Read-write: the SNMP agent accepts and processes all the SNMP
commands received from a management station with the same read-write
community name.
For each SNMP entity, it is possible to define a list of the communities which
are authorized to communicate with it, and the access rights associated with
each community (this is the SNMP community names table of the entity). For
example, the SNMP community names table of the ASMi-450 can include three
community names.
In accordance with the SNMP protocol, the SNMP community of the
originating entity is sent in each message.
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SNMP Management
When an SNMP message is received by the addressed entity, first it checks the
originator's community: if the community name of the message originator
differs from the community name specified for that type of message in the
agent, the message it discarded (SNMP agents of managed entities report this
event by means of an authentication failure trap).
ASMi-450 Communities
The SNMP agent of the ASMi-450 can use the following community types:
Read
SNMP community that has read-only authorization, i.e., the
SNMP agent will accept only getRequest and
getNextRequest commands from management stations
using that community.
The default read-only community for RAD network
management stations is public.
Write
Trap
SNMP community that has read-write authorization, i.e., the
SNMP agent will also accept setRequest commands
from management stations using that community.
SNMP community which the SNMP agent will send within
trap messages.
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SNMP Management
B.3 IP Environment
General
The SNMP agent of the ASMi-450 communicates using the Serial Link Internet
Protocol (SLIP).
IP Environment
The SNMP agent of the ASMi-450 uses either the UDP or the TCP transport
protocol, part of the suite of IP protocols.
IP Address Structure
Under the IP protocol, each IP network element (SNMP agents, network
management stations, etc.) is called an IP host and must be assigned an IP
address. An IP address is a 32-bit number, usually represented as four 8-bit
bytes. Each byte represents a decimal number in the range of 0 through 255.
The address is given in decimal format, with the bytes separated by decimal
points, e.g., 164.90.70.47. This format is called dotted quad notation.
An IP address is logically divided into two main portions:
•
Network Portion. The network portion is assigned by the Internet Assigned
Numbers Authority (IANA). There are five IP address classes: A, B, C, D,
and E. However, only the classes A, B and C are used for IP addressing.
Consult your network manager with respect to the class of IP addresses used
on your network.
The network portion of an IP address can be one, two or three bytes long, in
accordance with the IP address class. This arrangement is illustrated below:
IP ADDRESS
Byte 1
Byte 2
Byte 3
Byte 4
Class A Network Portion
Host Portion
Class B
Network Portion
Host Portion
Class C
Network Portion
Host Portion
The class of each IP address can be determined from its leftmost byte, in
accordance with the following chart:
Address Class
First Byte
0 through 127
Address Range
Class A
Class B
Class C
0.H.H.H through 127.H.H.H
128.N.H.H through 191.N.H.H
192.N.N.H through 223.N.N.H
128 through 191
192 through 223
N - indicates bytes that are part of the network portion
H - indicates bytes that are part of the host portion
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SNMP Management
•
Host Portion. The host portion is used to identify an individual host
connected to the network. The host identifier is assigned by the using
organization, in accordance with its specific needs.
Note
The all-zero host identifier is always interpreted as a network identifier, and
must not be assigned to an actual host.
Often, the host portion is further sub-divided into two portions:
àꢀSubnet number. For example, subnet numbers can be used to identify
departmental subnetworks. The subnet number follows the network
identifier.
àꢀHost number - the last bits of the IP address.
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SNMP Management
B.4 SNMP Traps
The SNMP agent of the ASMi-450 supports the standard MIB-II traps. In
addition, ASMi-450 reports alarm conditions to the management station by
mean of specific traps:
•
When an alarm condition occurs, the ASMi-450 sends a
modmSaAlarmTrap which carries all the alarms active at the time the trap
is sent.
•
Whenever LED's on its front panel change state, the ASMi-450 sends a
modmSaLedTrap which reports the state of the LED's on both the local
(central) and remote ASMi-450 units.
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Appendix C
Installation in 19" Racks
C.1 General
The ASMi-450 can be installed in 19" racks. Unit height corresponds to 1U
(1.75"), and the width is slightly less than half of the available mounting width.
Two rack adapter kits are available; one kit provides the hardware necessary for
installation of a single unit, and the other provides the hardware necessary for
installation of two units, side by side.
This Appendix provides step-by-step installation instructions for each option.
Warning
Disconnect all the cables from the units, and then disconnect the units from
power while performing the following procedures.
Always observe standard safety precautions during installation, operation,
and maintenance of this product.
No internal settings, adjustment, maintenance, and repairs may be
performed by either the operator or the user; such activities may be
performed only by a skilled technician who is aware of the hazards
involved.
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Installation in 19" Racks
C.2 Installation of Single Unit
The rack adapter kit for single unit installation includes one short bracket and
one long bracket. The brackets are fastened by means of screws to the two side
walls of the case, as shown in Figure C-1.
Figure C-1. Installation of Single Unit in 19" Rack
To prepare the unit for rack installation:
•
Attach the two brackets to the side walls of the unit. Each bracket is
fastened by means of two screws (with flat washers), which are inserted into
the two front holes on the wide wall (nuts are already in place, on the inner
side of the wall).
•
After attaching the brackets, the unit is ready for installation in the 19" rack.
Fasten the brackets to the side rails of the 19" rack by means of four screws
(not included in the kit), two each side.
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Installation in 19" Racks
C.3 Installation of Two Units
General
The two-unit rack adapter kit includes two adapter brackets, and various
hardware for attaching the two units side by side.
Preparations
Refer to figure C-2 and prepare the two ASMi-450 units for attachment as follows:
Figure C-2. Preparation of Two ASMi-450 Units for Installation in 19" Rack
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Installation in 19" Racks
•
Fasten one short adapter bracket to the left-hand side wall of the unit
intended to be on the left. Use two of the four longer screws supplied in the
kit, and insert flat washers.
•
•
•
•
Use the same procedure to fasten the second short adapter to the right-hand
wall of the unit intended to be on the right.
Position one of the two rails supplied in the kit on the right-hand wall of the
unit intended to be on the left, and align its holes with the holes on the wall.
Insert four short Philips screws and screw them through the rail into the
holes on the unit wall.
Use the same procedure to attach the second rail to the left-hand wall of the
unit intended to on the right. Make sure the wider rim of this rail is opposite
the short rim of the other rail, as shown in figure C-2.
Fastening the Two
Units
Refer to figure C-3 and attach the two units as follows:
•
•
Position the ends of the rails attached to the two units so that the rails can
slide one into the other, and then slide the units to bring the panels in line.
Now insert plastic I-shaped caps between the two units, to cover the empty
spaces left at the ends of the two rails.
The assembled units can now be fastened to the side rails of the 19" rack by
means of four screws (not included in the kit), two on each side.
Figure C-3. Attachment of Two ASMi-450 Units Before Installation in 19" Rack
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ASMi-450
Installation Instructions for
Compliance with EMC Requirements
To comply with electromagnetic compatibility requirements,
two ferrite cores should be installed on any:
• HDSL line cable with an RJ-45 connector (using a
STEWARD catalog number 28A2029-0A0 core or
equivalent).
• DCE port line unshielded data cable with any connector
(using a STEWARD catalog number 28A2024-0A0 core or
equivalent).
This limits the electromagnetic energy emitted from the
cables.
To install the ferrite cores:
• Run the cable through the
first open core.
• Wrap the cable around the
core and run it through again.
• Snap the core shut.
• Repeat for the second ferrite core, placing it next to the first core.
• Allow no more than 2 inches (50 mm) between the near core and
the connector to the unit.
V.35 only: to protect against electro-static discharge (ESD)
into the V.35 port, use a connector with a hood which
completely covers the pin connection.
1997 RAD Data Communications Ltd.
Pub.No. ASMi-450-SUP01-10/97
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