National Instruments Graphics Tablet NI 5620 User Manual

Computer-Based  
Instruments  
NI 5620 User Manual  
Digitizer for PXI™  
NI 5620 User Manual  
June 2001 Edition  
Part Number 322949B-01  
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Important Information  
Warranty  
The NI 5620 is warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one year from the date of shipment, as evidenced by  
receipts or other documentation. National Instruments will, at its option, repair or replace equipment that proves to be defective during the  
warranty period. This warranty includes parts and labor.  
The media on which you receive National Instruments software are warranted not to fail to execute programming instructions, due to defects  
in materials and workmanship, for a period of 90 days from date of shipment, as evidenced by receipts or other documentation. National  
Instruments will, at its option, repair or replace software media that do not execute programming instructions if National Instruments receives  
notice of such defects during the warranty period. National Instruments does not warrant that the operation of the software shall be  
uninterrupted or error free.  
A Return Material Authorization (RMA) number must be obtained from the factory and clearly marked on the outside of the package before  
any equipment will be accepted for warranty work. National Instruments will pay the shipping costs of returning to the owner parts which are  
covered by warranty.  
National Instruments believes that the information in this document is accurate. The document has been carefully reviewed for technical  
accuracy. In the event that technical or typographical errors exist, National Instruments reserves the right to make changes to subsequent  
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negligence. Any action against National Instruments must be brought within one year after the cause of action accrues. National Instruments  
shall not be liable for any delay in performance due to causes beyond its reasonable control. The warranty provided herein does not cover  
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Under the copyright laws, this publication may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,  
recording, storing in an information retrieval system, or translating, in whole or in part, without the prior written consent of National  
Instruments Corporation.  
Trademarks  
CVI, LabVIEW, MITE, National Instruments, NI, ni.com, PXI, and RTSIare trademarks of National Instruments Corporation.  
Product and company names mentioned herein are trademarks or trade names of their respective companies.  
WARNING REGARDING USE OF NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS  
(1) NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED WITH COMPONENTS AND TESTING FOR A LEVEL OF  
RELIABILITY SUITABLE FOR USE IN OR IN CONNECTION WITH SURGICAL IMPLANTS OR AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN  
ANY LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS WHOSE FAILURE TO PERFORM CAN REASONABLY BE EXPECTED TO CAUSE SIGNIFICANT  
INJURY TO A HUMAN.  
(2) IN ANY APPLICATION, INCLUDING THE ABOVE, RELIABILITY OF OPERATION OF THE SOFTWARE PRODUCTS CAN BE  
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COMPUTER HARDWARE MALFUNCTIONS, COMPUTER OPERATING SYSTEM SOFTWARE FITNESS, FITNESS OF COMPILERS  
AND DEVELOPMENT SOFTWARE USED TO DEVELOP AN APPLICATION, INSTALLATION ERRORS, SOFTWARE AND  
HARDWARE COMPATIBILITY PROBLEMS, MALFUNCTIONS OR FAILURES OF ELECTRONIC MONITORING OR CONTROL  
DEVICES, TRANSIENT FAILURES OF ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS (HARDWARE AND/OR SOFTWARE), UNANTICIPATED USES OR  
MISUSES, OR ERRORS ON THE PART OF THE USER OR APPLICATIONS DESIGNER (ADVERSE FACTORS SUCH AS THESE ARE  
HEREAFTER COLLECTIVELY TERMED SYSTEM FAILURES). ANY APPLICATION WHERE A SYSTEM FAILURE WOULD  
CREATE A RISK OF HARM TO PROPERTY OR PERSONS (INCLUDING THE RISK OF BODILY INJURY AND DEATH) SHOULD  
NOT BE RELIANT SOLELY UPON ONE FORM OF ELECTRONIC SYSTEM DUE TO THE RISK OF SYSTEM FAILURE. TO AVOID  
DAMAGE, INJURY, OR DEATH, THE USER OR APPLICATION DESIGNER MUST TAKE REASONABLY PRUDENT STEPS TO  
PROTECT AGAINST SYSTEM FAILURES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO BACK-UP OR SHUT DOWN MECHANISMS.  
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PROCESS AND SAFETY LEVEL OF SUCH SYSTEM OR APPLICATION.  
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Compliance  
FCC/Canada Radio Frequency Interference Compliance*  
Determining FCC Class  
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has rules to protect wireless communications from interference. The FCC  
places digital electronics into two classes. These classes are known as Class A (for use in industrial-commercial locations only)  
or Class B (for use in residential or commercial locations). Depending on where it is operated, this product could be subject to  
restrictions in the FCC rules. (In Canada, the Department of Communications (DOC), of Industry Canada, regulates wireless  
interference in much the same way.)  
Digital electronics emit weak signals during normal operation that can affect radio, television, or other wireless products. By  
examining the product you purchased, you can determine the FCC Class and therefore which of the two FCC/DOC Warnings  
apply in the following sections. (Some products may not be labeled at all for FCC; if so, the reader should then assume these are  
Class A devices.)  
FCC Class A products only display a simple warning statement of one paragraph in length regarding interference and undesired  
operation. Most of our products are FCC Class A. The FCC rules have restrictions regarding the locations where FCC Class A  
products can be operated.  
FCC Class B products display either a FCC ID code, starting with the letters EXN,  
or the FCC Class B compliance mark that appears as shown here on the right.  
Consult the FCC web site http://www.fcc.gov for more information.  
FCC/DOC Warnings  
This equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in strict accordance with the instructions  
in this manual and the CE Mark Declaration of Conformity**, may cause interference to radio and television reception.  
Classification requirements are the same for the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and the Canadian Department  
of Communications (DOC).  
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by National Instruments could void the users authority to operate the  
equipment under the FCC Rules.  
Class A  
Federal Communications Commission  
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC  
Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated  
in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and  
used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this  
equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct  
the interference at his own expense.  
Canadian Department of Communications  
This Class A digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference-Causing Equipment Regulations.  
Cet appareil numérique de la classe A respecte toutes les exigences du Règlement sur le matériel brouilleur du Canada.  
Class B  
Federal Communications Commission  
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the  
FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation.  
This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the  
instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not  
occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can  
be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of  
the following measures:  
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.  
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.  
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.  
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.  
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Canadian Department of Communications  
This Class B digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference-Causing Equipment Regulations.  
Cet appareil numérique de la classe B respecte toutes les exigences du Règlement sur le matériel brouilleur du Canada.  
Compliance to EU Directives  
Readers in the European Union (EU) must refer to the Manufacturer's Declaration of Conformity (DoC) for information**  
pertaining to the CE Mark compliance scheme. The Manufacturer includes a DoC for most every hardware product except for  
those bought for OEMs, if also available from an original manufacturer that also markets in the EU, or where compliance is not  
required as for electrically benign apparatus or cables.  
To obtain the DoC for this product, click Declaration of Conformity at ni.com/hardref.nsf/. This website lists the DoCs  
by product family. Select the appropriate product family, followed by your product, and a link to the DoC appears in Adobe  
Acrobat format. Click the Acrobat icon to download or read the DoC.  
*
Certain exemptions may apply in the USA, see FCC Rules §15.103 Exempted devices, and §15.105(c). Also available in  
sections of CFR 47.  
** The CE Mark Declaration of Conformity will contain important supplementary information and instructions for the user or  
installer.  
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Conventions  
The following conventions are used in this manual:  
<>  
Angle brackets that contain numbers separated by an ellipsis represent a  
range of values associated with a bit or signal namefor example,  
DBIO<3..0>.  
»
The » symbol leads you through nested menu items and dialog box options  
to a final action. The sequence File»Page Setup»Options directs you to  
pull down the File menu, select the Page Setup item, and select Options  
from the last dialog box.  
This icon denotes a note, which alerts you to important information.  
This icon denotes a caution, which advises you of precautions to take to  
avoid injury, data loss, or a system crash.  
bold  
Bold text denotes items that you must select or click on in the software,  
such as menu items and dialog box options. Bold text also denotes  
parameter names.  
italic  
Italic text denotes variables, emphasis, a cross reference, or an introduction  
to a key concept. This font also denotes text that is a placeholder for a word  
or value that you must supply.  
monospace  
Text in this font denotes text or characters that you should enter from the  
keyboard, sections of code, programming examples, and syntax examples.  
This font is also used for the proper names of disk drives, paths, directories,  
programs, subprograms, subroutines, device names, functions, operations,  
variables, filenames and extensions, and code excerpts.  
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Chapter 1  
Taking Measurements with the NI 5620  
Acquiring Data with Your NI 5620 ...............................................................................1-2  
Chapter 2  
Block Diagram...............................................................................................................2-5  
Other Features................................................................................................................2-6  
Triggering........................................................................................................2-7  
Calibration .....................................................................................................................2-7  
Synchronizing Multiple PXI Devices............................................................................2-8  
Appendix A  
Appendix B  
Technical Support Resources  
Glossary  
Index  
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NI 5620 User Manual  
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1
Taking Measurements  
with the NI 5620  
Thank you for buying a National Instruments (NI) 5620 digitizer.  
This chapter provides information on installing, connecting signals to,  
and acquiring data from the NI 5620.  
The NI 5620 has the following features:  
One 14-bit, 64 MS/s analog-to-digital converter (ADC)  
Deep onboard sample memory (amount varies depending on model)  
Installing the Software and Hardware  
For step-by-step instructions for installing the NI-SCOPE software and the  
NI 5620, see the Where to Start with Your NI 5620 Digitizer document.  
There are two main steps involved in installation:  
1. Install the NI-SCOPE driver. You use NI-SCOPE to write programs  
to control your NI 5620 in different application development  
environments (ADEs).  
2. Install your Spectral Measurements Toolset (SMT) CD, if included.  
The SMT provides frequency-domain functionality and examples.  
3. Install your NI 5620. See the Where to Start with Your NI 5620  
Digitizer document.  
© National Instruments Corporation  
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Chapter 1  
Taking Measurements with the NI 5620  
Acquiring Data with Your NI 5620  
You can acquire data programmatically either by writing an application for  
your NI 5620 or using one of the examples that ships with NI-SCOPE.  
Programmatically Controlling Your NI 5620  
To help you get started programming your NI 5620, the software comes  
with examples that you can use or modify.  
For time-domain examples, go to the following default locations:  
LabVIEWOpen the Functions palette, and go to Instrument I/O»  
Instrument Drivers»NI SCOPE»IF Digitizers.  
C and Visual BasicGo to vxipnp\winXX\Niscope\Examples.  
LabWindows/CVIGo to cvi\samples\Niscope.  
For frequency-domain LabVIEW examples, go to LabVIEW 6\examples\  
Spectral Measurements Toolset. For LabWindows/CVI examples,  
go to cvi\samples\smt.  
For more detailed function reference help, see the NI-SCOPE VI Reference  
Help, located at Start»Programs»National Instruments»NI-SCOPE.  
Safety Information  
The following paragraphs contain important safety information that must  
be followed during installation and use of the device.  
Caution Do not operate the device in a manner not specified in the user manual. Misuse  
of the device may result in a hazard. The safety protection built into the device may be  
compromised if it is damaged in any way. If the device is damaged, return it to NI for repair.  
Caution If the device is rated for use with hazardous voltages ( >30 Vrms, 42.4 Vpp, or  
60 VDC), you must connect a safety earth ground wire. See Appendix A, Specifications,  
for maximum voltage ratings.  
Caution Do not substitute parts or modify the device. Use the device only with chassis,  
modules, accessories, and cables specified in the installation instructions. All covers and  
filler panels must be installed during operation of the device.  
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Chapter 1  
Taking Measurements with the NI 5620  
Caution Do not operate the device in an explosive atmosphere or where there may be  
flammable gases or fumes. The device can only be operated at or below pollution degree 2,  
as stated in Appendix A, Specifications. Pollution is foreign matter, solid, liquid, or gas that  
may produce a reduction of dielectric strength or surface resistivity. The following is a  
description of pollution degrees:  
Pollution degree 1: No pollution or only dry, non-conductive pollution  
occurs. The pollution has no influence.  
Pollution degree 2: Normally only non-conductive pollution occurs.  
Occasionally, however, a temporary conductivity caused by  
condensation must be expected.  
Pollution degree 3: Conductive pollution occurs, or dry,  
non-conductive pollution occurs, which becomes conductive due to  
condensation.  
Caution Signal connections must be insulated for the maximum voltage for which the  
device is rated. Do not exceed the maximum ratings for the device. Remove power from  
signal lines before connection to or disconnection from the device.  
Caution This device can only be operated at installation category I, as stated in  
Appendix A, Specifications. The following is a description of installation categories:  
Installation category IV is for measurements performed at the source  
of the low-voltage installation. Examples are electricity meters and  
measurements on primary over current protection devices and ripple  
control units.  
Installation category III is for measurements performed in the building  
installation. Examples are measurements on distribution boards,  
circuit-breakers, wiring, including cables, bus-bars, junction boxes,  
switches, socket-outlets in the fixed installation, and equipment for  
industrial use and some other equipment such as stationary motors  
with permanent connection to the fixed installation.  
Installation category II is for measurements performed on circuits  
directly connected to the low voltage installation. Examples are  
measurements on household appliances, portable tools and similar  
equipment.  
Installation category I is for measurements performed on circuits not  
directly connected to MAINS. Examples are measurements on circuits  
not derived from MAINS, and specially protected (internal)  
MAINS-derived circuits.  
Caution Clean the device with a soft non-metallic brush. The device must be completely  
dry and free from contaminants before returning it to service.  
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2
Hardware Overview  
This chapter provides an overview of the features and functionality of the  
NI 5620.  
A signal follows this path through the NI 5620 to your host computer:  
1. The signal enters the NI 5620 through the analog front panel  
connector, INPUT. To find more about the front panel, see the  
2. The signal is filtered and conditioned. Gain and dither are applied to  
the signal. See the Conditioning the Signal—Impedance, Dither, Gain,  
and AC Coupling section for more information.  
3. The ADC converts the signal from analog to digital. Refer to the  
Digitizing the Signal—The ADC section for more information.  
4. (Optional) The digital downconverter (DDC) digitally zooms in”  
on data. See the Incorporating the DDC section.  
5. The data is sent to onboard memory (the buffer). See the Storing Data  
in Memory section for additional information.  
6. The data is transferred to your host computer.  
Analog  
Input  
P
X
I
Filtering/  
Conditioning  
DDC  
(Optional)  
Onboard  
Memory  
ADC  
B
u
s
Figure 2-1. Basic Signal Flow  
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Chapter 2  
Hardware Overview  
Connecting Signals  
Figure 2-2 shows the NI 5620 front panel, which contains three  
connectorstwo SMA connectors and an SMB connector.  
One of the SMA connectors, INPUT, is for attaching the analog input signal  
you wish to measure. The second SMA connector, REF CLK IN, is a  
50 ,10 MHz, AC-coupled reference input. The SMB connector, PFI1,  
is for external digital triggers.  
5620  
64 MS/s Digitizer  
INPUT  
50  
+20 dBm MAX  
REF CLK IN  
50  
+16 dBm MAX  
PFI 1  
Figure 2-2. NI 5620 Front Panel  
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Chapter 2  
Hardware Overview  
Conditioning the Signal—Impedance, Dither, Gain, and AC Coupling  
To minimize distortion, signals receive a minimal amount of conditioning.  
There is one set gain, and all signals are AC coupled, meaning that the  
NI 5620 rejects any DC portion of a signal. The NI 5620 also has a set input  
impedance of 50 and applies dither to the configurable signal.  
Input Impedance  
The input impedance of the NI 5620 is 50 . The output impedance of the  
source connected to the NI 5620 and the input impedance of the NI 5620  
form an impedance divider, which attenuates the input signal according to  
the following formula:  
Rin  
------------------  
Vm = Vs ×  
Rin + Rs  
where Vm is the measured voltage  
Vs is the unloaded source voltage  
Rs is the output impedance of the external device  
Rin is the input impedance of the NI 5620  
If the source whose output you are measuring has an output impedance  
other than 50 , your measurements will be affected by this impedance  
divider. For example, if the device has 75 output impedance, your  
measured signal will be 80% of the value it would have been at 50 .  
Dither  
Dither is random noise added to the input signal between 0 and 5 MHz.  
Dither lowers the amount of distortion caused by differential nonlinearity  
in the ADC when a signal is digitized. When an FFT is applied to the signal,  
this random noise cancels out most of the distortion created by differential  
nonlinearity. Dither is not automatically applied, but you can enable it in  
software.  
Digitizing the Signal—The ADC  
Regardless of your requested sample rate, the NI 5620 ADC is always  
running at 64 MS/s. If you request a rate less than 64 MS/s, the timing  
engine of the NI 5620 stores only 1 sample in a group of n samples,  
effectively reducing the sample rate to 64/n MS/s.  
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Chapter 2  
Hardware Overview  
Incorporating the DDC  
You may optionally route the data through the DDC before storing it in  
onboard memory.  
The DDC is a digital signal processing (DSP) chip, the Intersil  
HSP50214B. The first stage uses a digital quadrature mixer that shifts  
a signal to baseband from any frequency within the digitizers range.  
The next stage decimates (reduces the sample rate) by an integer from 4  
to 16384. A series of programmable digital lowpass filters prior to each  
stage of decimation prevents aliasing when the sample rate is reduced.  
The decimated data may be retrieved as in-phase and quadrature, or as  
phase and magnitude. A discriminator allows you to take the derivative  
of the phase to demodulate an FM signal.  
By mixing, filtering, and decimating the sampled data, the DDC allows  
you to zoom in on a band of frequencies much narrower than the Nyquist  
band of the ADC. The lower sample rate means that signals of longer  
duration can be stored in the same amount of memory. For spectral analysis,  
a smaller, faster FFT may be used to look at only the band passed through  
the DDC.  
Refer to the NI-SCOPE VI Reference Help for specific DDC attributes  
you can use to program your NI 5620. If you installed the included  
measurement software, there is also online help for LabVIEW users using  
the DDC.  
Storing Data in Memory  
Samples are acquired into onboard memory on the NI 5620 before being  
transferred to the host computer. The minimum size for a buffer is  
approximately 256 samples, although you can specify smaller buffers in  
software. When specifying a smaller buffer size, the minimum number of  
points are still acquired into onboard memory, but only the specified  
number of points are retrieved into the host computers memory.  
During the acquisition, samples are stored in a circular buffer that is  
continually rewritten until a trigger is received. After the trigger is received,  
the NI 5620 continues to acquire posttrigger samples if you have specified  
a posttrigger sample count. The acquired samples are placed into onboard  
memory. The number of posttrigger or pretrigger samples is limited only by  
the amount of onboard memory.  
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Chapter 2  
Hardware Overview  
Block Diagram  
This block diagram is intended for advanced users. An explanation of some  
of these features follows.  
Digital  
Downconverter  
Dither  
Analog  
Input  
(INPUT)  
Onboard  
Memory  
Data Path  
Logic  
MITE  
(PXI Interface)  
+
Filter  
ADC  
P
X
I
Voltage  
Controlled  
Oscillator  
Phase  
Detector  
TIO  
PLL  
(Timing and Control)  
10 MHz  
Reference  
Input  
CalDAC  
(REF CLK IN)  
CLK 10  
Trigger and  
Clock Routing  
PXI Trigger  
External Trigger  
EXT TRIG  
(PFI)  
Figure 2-3. Block Diagram  
The digital downconverter is a digital signal processor (DSP) that allows  
you to digitally zoom in on data, which reduces the amount of data  
transferred into memory and speeds up the rate of data transfer. The digital  
downconverter does this by frequency-translating, filtering, and decimating  
signals after they go through the ADC. See the Incorporating the DDC  
section for more information.  
The PLL uses a phase dectetor to synchronize the acquisition clock to  
either a 10 MHz reference clock supplied through REF CLK IN or to the  
CLK 10 signal from the PXI backplane. You can also choose to leave the  
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Chapter 2  
Hardware Overview  
acquisition clock in a free-running state, in which the acquisition clock is  
not synchronized to any external reference.  
The voltage controlled crystal oscillator (VCXO) is a 64 MHz clock.  
The trigger and clock routing area directs clock signals and triggers.  
The TIO is the timing engine used for the NI 5620.  
The MITE is the PXI bus interface. The MITE provides high-speed direct  
memory access (DMA) transfers from the NI 5620 to the host computers  
memory.  
Other Features  
This section contains information on other features on the NI 5620.  
Multiple-Record Acquisitions  
After the trigger has been received and the posttrigger samples have  
been stored, you can configure the NI 5620 to begin another acquisition  
that is stored in another memory record on the device. This process is a  
multiple-record acquisition. To perform multiple-record acquisitions,  
configure the NI 5620 to the number of records to be acquired before  
starting the acquisition. The NI 5620 acquires an additional record each  
time a trigger is accepted until all the requested records have been stored  
in memory. After the initial setup, this process does not require software  
intervention.  
Between each record, there is a dead time during which the trigger is not  
accepted. If the record length is greater than 80 µs, this dead time will be  
500 ns. If, however, the record length is less than 80 µs, the dead time will  
be 80 µs. During this time, the memory controller sets up for the next  
record. There may also be additional dead time while the minimum number  
of pretrigger samples are being acquired. Figure 2-4 shows a timing  
diagram of a multiple-record acquisition.  
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Chapter 2  
Hardware Overview  
1
2
3
Trigger  
500 ns  
Acquisition  
In Progress  
Buffer  
1
2
1 = Trigger Not Accepted (Pretrigger Points Not Acquired)  
2 = Trigger Not Accepted (500 ns Dead Time)  
3 = Trigger Not Accepted (Acquisition in Progress)  
= Trigger Accepted  
Figure 2-4. Multiple-Record Acquisition Timing Diagram  
Triggering  
You can externally trigger the NI 5620 through the digital line, PFI1. You  
can also use software to trigger it. Figure 2-5 shows the different trigger  
sources. The digital triggers are TTL-level signals with a minimum  
pulse-width requirement of 100 ns or 16 ns times the DDC decimation.  
Software  
RTSI <0..7>  
Trigger  
8
PFI1  
PXI Star  
Figure 2-5. Digital Trigger Sources  
Calibration  
Although the NI 5620 is factory calibrated, it needs periodic calibration to  
verify that it is still within the specified accuracy. For more information on  
calibration, contact NI or visit the NI Web site at ni.com.  
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Chapter 2  
Hardware Overview  
Synchronizing Multiple PXI Devices  
The NI 5620 uses a PLL to synchronize the 64 MHz sample clock to a  
10 MHz reference clock. You can either supply the reference clock through  
the SMA connector (REF CLK IN) on the front panel or use the system  
reference clock on the PXI backplane.  
The PXI bus and the NI 5620 have the following timing and triggering  
features that you can use for synchronizing multiple digitizers:  
System Reference ClockThis is a 10 MHz clock on the PXI  
backplane with 100 ppm accuracy. It is independently distributed to  
each PXI peripheral slot through equal-length traces with a skew of  
less than 1 ns between slots. Multiple devices can use this common  
timebase for synchronization. This allows each NI 5620 to phase lock  
to the system reference clock.  
SMA connector (REF CLK IN)This is a 10 MHz reference input  
that you can use to connect your external frequency source for  
synchronization.  
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A
Specifications  
This appendix lists the specifications of the NI 5620. These specifications  
are typical at 25 °C unless otherwise specified.  
General Specifications  
Number of channels ............................... 1  
Resolution .............................................. 14 bits  
Max sample rate..................................... 64 MS/s (also integer  
divisions of 64 MS/s)  
Onboard memory  
Using DDC (complex data) ............ 8 MS  
Not using DDC ............................... 16 MS  
Input  
Signal level  
Nominal .......................................... 0 dBm ( 0.316 V)  
Full-Scale........................................ +10 dBm ( 1.000 V)  
Max with dither enabled ................. +9 dBm ( 0.891 V)  
Max non-operating input level........ +20 dBm ( 3.16 V)  
Max DC input voltage..................... 2 V  
Input impedance..................................... 50 Ω  
Coupling................................................. AC  
Fully specified frequency range............. 5 to 25 MHz  
Analog bandwidth (3 dB range)........... 25 kHz to 36 MHz  
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Appendix A  
Specifications  
VSWR  
0.1 to 25 MHz..................................< 1.5:1  
25 to 32 MHz...................................< 3:1  
Dither (can be disabled)  
Frequency range ..............................15 kHz to 3 MHz  
Frequency  
Internal Sample Clock  
Frequency ........................................64 MHz / n, where 1 n 232  
Accuracy..........................................< 12 ppm (after calibration)  
Noise sidebands  
Offset  
100 Hz  
1 kHz  
Density  
< 100 dBc/Hz  
< 120 dBc/Hz  
< 130 dBc/Hz  
< 130 dBc/Hz  
10 kHz  
100 kHz  
Residual FM ...........................................< 2 Hzpkpk in 10 ms  
Amplitude  
Average noise density............................. 134 dBm/Hz  
Spurious responses (0 dBm signal)  
5 to 25 MHz, dither enabled............< 80 dBc  
0.1 to 32 MHz, dither disabled........80 dBc  
Residual responses (input terminated)....< 85 dBm  
Frequency response (5 to 25 MHz)  
Relative (to response at 15 MHz)....Less than 0.25 dB  
Absolute...........................................Less than 0.5 dB  
Absolute, using calibration table.....Less than 0.1 dB  
Absolute (0.1 to 32 MHz)................ 2.5 dB  
Relative  
(0.1 to 32 MHz, to 15 MHz)............ 1.5 dB  
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Appendix A  
Specifications  
0
-10  
-20  
-30  
dB  
-40  
-50  
-60  
-70  
0
20  
30  
80  
90  
10  
40  
50  
60  
70  
100  
Frequency (MHz)  
Figure A-1. Frequency Response from 5 to 100 MHz  
Phase  
DDC  
Group delay variation  
(5 to 25 MHz)......................................... 9 nspk-to-pk  
Group delay variation  
(0.5 to 30 MHz)...................................... 26 nspk-to-pk  
Decimation rate with  
installed software ................................... 32 to 4096  
DDC tuning resolution........................... 0.014901 Hz  
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Appendix A  
Specifications  
Triggering  
Modes .....................................................Immediate, software, digital  
Sources....................................................PFI 1, RTSI<0..7>, PXI star  
Export .....................................................RTSI<0..7>, PFI 1  
Slope .......................................................Rising, falling  
Pretrigger depth ......................................Up to 16 MS  
Posttrigger depth.....................................Up to 16 MS  
Minimum pulse width.............................100 ns  
PFI 1 Input/Output  
PFI 1 Connector......................................SMB male  
Trigger level ...........................................TTL  
Max input voltage...................................5.5 V  
External Frequency Reference Input  
Connector (REF CLK IN) ......................SMA female  
Impedance...............................................50 Ω  
Input amplitude.......................................5 to +15 dBm  
Max nonoperating input level.................+16 dBm  
Max DC input voltage ............................ 10 VDC  
Frequency ...............................................10 MHz  
Required frequency accuracy ................. 40 ppm  
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Appendix A  
Specifications  
Environmental Specifications  
Calibration interval ................................ 1 year  
Warm-up time ........................................ 10 minutes  
Operating environment  
Ambient temperature ...................... 0 to 50 °C  
Humidity ......................................... 10 to 90%, noncondensing  
Storage environment  
Storage temperature ........................ 20 to 70 °C  
Humidity ......................................... 5 to 95%, noncondensing  
Maximum altitude.................................. 2000 meters  
Pollution degree .................................... 2  
Indoor use only  
Power Requirements  
+3.3 VDC ( 5%).................................... < 600 mA, 400 mA typical  
+5 VDC ( 5%)....................................... < 1.5 A, 1 A typical  
+12 VDC ( 5%)..................................... < 450 mA, 330 mA typical  
12 VDC ( 5%)..................................... < 35 mA, 24 mA typical  
Maximum Working Voltage  
Channel to earth ..................................... 2 V, Installation Category I  
Safety  
Meets the requirements of the following standards for safety for electrical  
equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use:  
EN 61010-1:1993/A2:1995, IEC 61010-1:1990/A2:1995,  
UL 3101-1:1993, UL 3111-1:1994, UL 3121:1998,  
CAN/CSA C22.2 no. 1010.1:1992/A2:1997 d.  
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Appendix A  
Specifications  
Electromagnetic Compatibility  
CE, C-Tick, and FCC Part 15 (Class A) compliant  
Electrical emissions ................................EN 55011 Class A at 10 m FCC  
Part 15A above 1 GHz  
Electrical immunity ................................Evaluated to EN  
61326:1997/A1:1998, Table 1  
Note For full EMC compliance, you must operate this device with shielded cabling. In  
addition, all covers and filler panels must be installed. See the Declaration of Conformity  
(DoC) for this product for any additional regulatory compliance information. To obtain the  
DoC for this product, click Declaration of Conformity at ni.com/hardref.nsf/. This  
Web site lists the DoCs by product family. Select the appropriate product family, followed  
by your product, and a link to the DoC (in Adobe Acrobat format) appears. Click the  
Acrobat icon to download or read the DoC.  
Dimensions  
PXI-5620 (1 PXI slot).............................10 cm by 16 cm by 2.0 cm  
(3.9 in by 6.3 in by 0.8 in)  
Certifications and Compliances  
CE Mark Compliance  
Conductive Immunity  
When tested as specified in EN 61000-4-6 at 3 Vrms, the spurious response  
will be within specifications except at the test frequency. A spurious signal  
of up to 45 dBm may appear at the test frequency.  
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B
Technical Support Resources  
Web Support  
National Instruments Web support is your first stop for help in solving  
installation, configuration, and application problems and questions. Online  
problem-solving and diagnostic resources include frequently asked  
questions, knowledge bases, product-specific troubleshooting wizards,  
manuals, drivers, software updates, and more. Web support is available  
through the Technical Support section of ni.com.  
NI Developer Zone  
The NI Developer Zone at ni.com/zone is the essential resource for  
building measurement and automation systems. At the NI Developer Zone,  
you can easily access the latest example programs, system configurators,  
tutorials, technical news, as well as a community of developers ready to  
share their own techniques.  
Customer Education  
National Instruments provides a number of alternatives to satisfy your  
training needs, from self-paced tutorials, videos, and interactive CDs to  
instructor-led hands-on courses at locations around the world. Visit the  
Customer Education section of ni.com for online course schedules,  
syllabi, training centers, and class registration.  
System Integration  
If you have time constraints, limited in-house technical resources, or other  
dilemmas, you may prefer to employ consulting or system integration  
services. You can rely on the expertise available through our worldwide  
network of Alliance Program members. To find out more about our  
Alliance system integration solutions, visit the System Integration section  
of ni.com.  
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Appendix B  
Technical Support Resources  
Worldwide Support  
National Instruments has offices located around the world to help address  
your support needs. You can access our branch office Web sites from the  
Worldwide Offices section of ni.com. Branch office Web sites provide  
up-to-date contact information, support phone numbers, e-mail addresses,  
and current events.  
If you have searched the technical support resources on our Web site and  
still cannot find the answers you need, contact your local office or National  
Instruments corporate. Phone numbers for our worldwide offices are listed  
at the front of this manual.  
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Glossary  
Prefix  
p-  
Meanings  
pico  
Value  
1012  
109  
106  
103  
103  
n-  
nano-  
micro-  
milli-  
kilo-  
µ-  
m-  
k-  
M-  
G-  
mega-  
giga-  
106  
109  
Numbers/Symbols  
%
+
/
percent  
positive of, or plus  
negative of, or minus  
per  
°
degree  
plus or minus  
ohm  
<
less than  
A
A
amperes  
A/D  
AC  
analog-to-digital  
alternating current  
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Glossary  
AC coupled  
ADC  
allowing the transmission of AC signals while blocking DC signals  
analog-to-digital converteran electronic device, often an integrated  
circuit, that converts an analog voltage to a digital number  
ADC resolution  
the resolution of the ADC, which is measured in bits. An ADC with  
16 bits has a higher resolution, and thus a higher degree of accuracy,  
than a 12-bit ADC.  
ADE  
alias  
application development environment  
a false lower frequency component that appears in sampled data acquired  
at too low a sampling rate  
amplification  
a type of signal conditioning that improves accuracy in the resulting  
digitized signal and reduces noise  
amplitude flatness  
a measure of how close to constant the gain of a circuit remains over a range  
of frequencies  
analog bandwidth  
attenuate  
the range of frequencies to which a measuring device can respond  
to decrease the amplitude of a signal  
B
b
bitone binary digit, either 0 or 1  
B
byteeight related bits of data, an eight-bit binary number. Also used to  
denote the amount of memory required to store one byte of data.  
bus  
the group of conductors that interconnect individual circuitry in a computer.  
Typically, a bus is the expansion vehicle to which I/O or other devices are  
connected. An example of the PC bus is the PCI bus.  
C
C
Celsius  
CMOS  
complementary metal oxide semiconductor. A process used in making  
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Glossary  
CMRR  
common-mode rejection ratioa measure of an instruments ability to  
reject interference from a common-mode signal, usually expressed in  
decibels (dB)  
coupling  
the manner in which a signal is connected from one location to another  
D
data path logic  
a signal router  
dB  
decibelthe unit for expressing a logarithmic measure of the ratio of two  
signal levels: dB=20log10 V1/V2, for signals in volts  
dBm  
Decibels with reference to 1 mW, the standard unit of power level used in  
RF and microwave work. Using this standard, 0 dBm equals 1 mW, 10 dBm  
equals 10 mW, and so on. In a 50 system, 0 dBm equals 0.224 Vrms  
.
DC  
direct current  
DDC  
See digital downconverter.  
dead time  
default setting  
a period of time in which no activity can occur  
a default parameter value recorded in the driver. In many cases, the default  
input of a control is a certain value (often 0) that means use the current  
default setting.  
differential input  
digital downconverter  
dither  
an analog input consisting of two terminals, both of which are isolated from  
computer ground, whose difference is measured  
a DSP that selects only a narrow portion of the frequency spectrum, thereby  
eliminating unwanted data before it is transferred into memory  
random noise added to a signal before it is digitized to minimize distortion  
created by differential nonlinearity  
DMA  
direct memory accessa method by which data is transferred to/from  
computer memory from/to a device or memory on the bus while the  
processor does something else. DMA is the fastest method of transferring  
data to/from computer memory.  
double insulated  
a device that contains the necessary insulating structures to provide electric  
shock protection without the requirement of a safety ground connection  
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Glossary  
drivers  
DSP  
software that controls a specific hardware instrument  
digital signal processor  
E
EEPROM  
electrically erasable programmable read-only memoryROM that can be  
erased with an electrical signal and reprogrammed  
F
FFT  
fast Fourier transform  
filtering  
a type of signal conditioning that allows you to remove unwanted signals or  
frequency components from the signal you are trying to measure  
G
gain  
the factor by which a signal is amplified, sometimes expressed in decibels  
H
hardware  
the physical components of a computer system, such as the circuit boards,  
plug-in boards, chassis, enclosures, peripherals, cables, and so on  
harmonics  
Hz  
multiples of the fundamental frequency of a signal  
hertzthe number of scans read or updates written per second  
I
I/O  
input/outputthe transfer of data to/from a computer system involving  
communications channels, operator interface devices, and/or data  
acquisition and control interfaces  
impedance  
in.  
resistance  
inch or inches  
inductance  
the relationship of induced voltage to current  
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Glossary  
input bias current  
input impedance  
the current that flows into the inputs of a circuit  
the measured resistance and capacitance between the input terminals of a  
circuit  
instrument driver  
interrupt  
a set of high-level software functions that controls a specific plug-in DAQ  
board. Instrument drivers are available in several forms, ranging from a  
function callable language to a virtual instrument (VI) in LabVIEW.  
a computer signal indicating that the CPU should suspend its current task  
to service a designated activity  
interrupt level  
ISA  
the relative priority at which a device can interrupt  
industry standard architecture  
L
LabVIEW  
a graphical programming language  
least significant bit  
LSB  
M
m
meters  
M
(1) Mega, the standard metric prefix for 1 million or 106, when used with  
units of measure such as volts and hertz; (2) mega, the prefix for 1,048,576,  
or 220, when used with B to quantify data or computer memory  
MB  
megabytes of memory  
MITE  
MXI Interface to Everythinga custom ASIC designed by NI that  
implements the PCI bus interface. The MITE supports bus mastering for  
high-speed data transfers over the PCI bus.  
multiple-record  
acquisition  
multiple, distinct chunks (or records) of data  
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Glossary  
N
noise  
an undesirable electrical signalNoise comes from external sources such  
as the AC power line, motors, generators, transformers, fluorescent lights,  
soldering irons, CRT displays, computers, electrical storms, welders, radio  
transmitters, and internal sources such as semiconductors, resistors, and  
capacitors. Noise corrupts signals you are trying to send or receive.  
O
Ohms Law  
onboard memory  
overrange  
(R=V/I)the relationship of voltage to current in a resistance  
the device memory. Onboard memory is distinct from computer memory.  
a segment of the input range of an instrument outside of the normal  
measuring range. Measurements can still be made, usually with a  
degradation in specifications.  
P
PCI  
Peripheral Component Interconnecta high-performance expansion bus  
architecture originally developed by Intel to replace ISA and EISA; it is  
achieving widespread acceptance as a standard for PCs and workstations  
and offers a theoretical maximum transfer rate of 132 Mbytes/s  
peak value  
PFI  
the absolute maximum or minimum amplitude of a signal (AC + DC)  
Programmable Function Input  
PLL  
phase-locked loop  
PXI  
PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation. PXI is an open specification that  
builds on the CompactPCI specification by adding instrumentation-specific  
features.  
R
R
resistor  
RAM  
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Glossary  
random interleaved  
sampling  
method of increasing sample rate by repetitively sampling a repeated  
waveform  
real-time sampling  
record length  
sampling that occurs immediately  
the size of a chunk (or record) of data that can be or has been acquired by a  
device  
resolution  
the smallest signal increment that can be detected by a measurement  
system. Resolution can be expressed in bits, in proportions, or in percent  
of full scale. For example, a system has 12-bit resolution, one part in  
4,096 resolution, and 0.0244% of full scale.  
rms  
root mean squarea measure of signal amplitude; the square root of the  
average value of the square of the instantaneous signal amplitude  
ROM  
read-only memory  
S
s
seconds  
samples  
S
S/s  
samples per secondused to express the rate at which an instrument  
samples an analog signal  
sample rate  
sense  
the speed that a device can acquire data  
in four-wire resistance the sense measures the voltage across the resistor  
being excited by the excitation current  
settling time  
the amount of time required for a voltage to reach its final value within  
specified limits  
Shannon Sampling  
Theorem  
a theorem stating that a signal must be sampled at least twice as fast as the  
bandwidth of the signal to accurately reconstruct the signal as a waveform  
source impedance  
a parameter of signal sources that reflects current-driving ability of voltage  
sources (lower is better) and the voltage-driving ability of current sources  
(higher is better)  
system noise  
a measure of the amount of noise seen by an analog circuit or an ADC when  
the analog inputs are grounded  
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Glossary  
T
temperature  
coefficient  
the percentage that a measurement will vary according to temperature.  
See also thermal drift.  
thermal drift  
measurements that change as the temperature varies  
thermal EMFs  
thermal electromotive forcesvoltages generated at the junctions of  
dissimilar metals that are functions of temperature. Also called  
thermoelectric potentials.  
thermoelectric  
potentials  
See thermal EMFs.  
TIO  
timing input/output. The engine used for timing and control.  
transfer rate  
the rate, measured in bytes/s, at which data is moved from source to  
destination after software initialization and set up operations; the maximum  
rate at which the hardware can operate  
trigger  
TTL  
any event that causes or starts some form of data capture  
transistor-transistor logic. A digital circuit composed of bipolar transistors  
wired in a certain manner.  
V
V
volts  
VAC  
volts alternating current  
volts direct current  
VDC  
Verror  
voltage error  
vertical sensitivity  
VI  
the smallest voltage change a device can detect  
virtual instrument(1) a combination of hardware and/or software  
elements, typically used with a PC, that has the functionality of a classic  
stand-alone instrument (2) a LabVIEW software module (VI), which  
consists of a front panel user interface and a block diagram program  
Vrms  
volts, root mean square value  
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Glossary  
W
waveform shape  
the shape the magnitude of a signal creates over time  
working voltage  
the highest voltage that should be applied to a product in normal use,  
normally well under the breakdown voltage for safety margin  
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Index  
dead time, in multiple-record acquisitions, 2-7  
digital downconverter. See DDC (digital  
downconverter).  
digitizing the signal (ADC), 2-3  
dither, 2-3  
A
AC coupling, 2-3  
acquiring data  
multiple-record acquisitions, 2-6  
programmatically, 1-2  
ADC, 2-3  
amplitude specifications, A-2 to A-3  
E
electromagnetic compatibility, A-6  
environmental specifications, A-5  
external frequency reference input  
specifications, A-4  
B
basic signal flow (figure), 2-1  
block diagram for NI 5620 digitizer, 2-5 to 2-6  
F
C
frequency specifications, A-2  
calibration, 2-7  
certifications and compliances, A-6  
conditioning signals  
AC coupling, 2-3  
G
gain, 2-3  
dither, 2-3  
gain, 2-3  
H
input impedance, 2-3  
conductive immunity, A-6  
connecting signals, 2-2  
conventions used in manual, vi  
customer education, B-1  
hardware installation, 1-1  
hardware overview, 2-1 to 2-8  
basic signal flow (figure), 2-1  
block diagram, 2-5 to 2-6  
calibration, 2-7  
conditioning signals  
D
AC coupling, 2-3  
dither, 2-3  
gain, 2-3  
data, storing in memory, 2-4  
data acquisition  
multiple-record acquisitions, 2-6  
programmatically, 1-2  
DDC (digital downconverter)  
incorporating, 2-4  
input impedance, 2-3  
connecting signals, 2-2  
digitizing the signal (ADC), 2-3  
incorporating DDC, 2-4  
multiple-record acquisitions, 2-6 to 2-7  
overview, 2-4  
specifications, A-3  
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Index  
signal path from NI 5620 to host computer, 2-1  
storing data in memory, 2-4  
programmatically controlling the NI 5620, 1-2  
PXI devices, multiple, synchronizing, 2-8  
synchronizing multiple PXI devices, 2-8  
triggering, 2-7  
R
REF CLK IN connector, 2-2, 2-8  
I
incorporating DDC, 2-4  
S
input impedance, 2-3  
input specifications, A-1 to A-2  
installing software and hardware, 1-1  
safety information, 1-2 to 1-3  
safety specifications, A-5  
signal conditioning  
AC coupling, 2-3  
dither, 2-3  
gain, 2-3  
M
maximum working voltage, A-5  
MITE interface, 2-6  
input impedance, 2-3  
signal path from NI 5620 to host computer, 2-1  
SMA connectors, 2-2, 2-8  
software installation, 1-1  
specifications  
multiple-record acquisitions  
overview, 2-6  
timing diagram (figure), 2-7  
amplitude, A-2 to A-3  
certifications and compliances, A-6  
conductive immunity, A-6  
DDC, A-3  
N
NI 5620 digitizer. See also hardware  
overview; specifications.  
acquiring data, 1-2  
dimensions, A-6  
block diagram, 2-5 to 2-6  
controlling programmatically, 1-2  
front panel (figure), 2-2  
electromagnetic compatibility, A-6  
environmental, A-5  
external frequency reference input, A-4  
frequency, A-2  
general, A-1 to A-2  
input, A-1 to A-2  
maximum working voltage, A-5  
PFI 1 input/output, A-4  
phase, A-3  
power requirements, A-5  
safety, A-5  
installing software and hardware, 1-1  
safety information, 1-2 to 1-3  
NI Developer Zone, B-1  
NI-SCOPE driver, 1-1  
P
PFI 1 input/output specifications, A-4  
phase detector, 2-5  
phase specifications, A-3  
phase-locked loop (PLL), 2-5  
power requirement specifications, A-5  
triggering, A-4  
storing data in memory, 2-4  
synchronizing multiple PXI devices, 2-8  
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Index  
system integration, by National  
Instruments, B-1  
System Reference Clock, PXI, 2-9  
V
voltage, maximum working, A-5  
voltage controlled crystal oscillator  
(VCXO), 2-6  
T
technical support resources, B-1 to B-2  
TIO (timing engine), 2-6  
trigger and clock routing area, 2-6  
triggering  
W
Web support from National Instruments, B-1  
Worldwide technical support, B-2  
digital trigger sources (figure), 2-7  
overview, 2-7  
specifications, A-4  
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