MICRONIX PC/104
POWER SUPPLY
PV-5127, PV-5127A
POWER SUPPLY MODULE WITH UPS & BATTERY CHARGER
User Manual
&
Installation Guide
VERS. 1.1
DOC: M5236DM
Micro Technic A-S • Denmark •
Tel. +45 6615 3000 • Fax +45 6615 3077
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: www.micro-technic.com
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
J1.............................................................................................................................................................................28
ST3 ..........................................................................................................................................................................28
J2.............................................................................................................................................................................28
CN2 .........................................................................................................................................................................28
CN3 .........................................................................................................................................................................28
CN10 .......................................................................................................................................................................28
KL2..........................................................................................................................................................................29
THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS ................................................................................................................................30
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PV-5127 AND PV-5127A .............................................................................................31
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE PV-5127A ............................................................................................................................31
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
Revision history
Revision number
Reason for change
Date
1.0
1.1
Initial revision
23-Mar-04
Error in mechanical layout
changed – page 27.
21-Oct-05
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
General information
Ordering codes
PV-5127-S
PV-5127A-S
S=Stack-through PC/104 connector
Available models:
Model no
Description
PV-5127-S
75W PC/104 Power Supply Module (+5V, +12V), 18-35V input supply
with UPS/Battery charger
PV-5127A-S
75W PC/104 Power Supply Module (+5V, +12V), 10-35V input supply
Accessories
These accessories must be ordered separately if needed.
Model no Description
PV-5127-TW40 External temperature sensor for system and battery temperature
CDB-9F
RS232 ribbon cable for “simple signalling” UPS protocol
PV-5127-TW40
length=40cm
To PV5127 J1, J2
CDB-9F
Female
pin9
pin10
pin9
pin6
pin5
pin1
length=30cm
colored wire
pin1
pin2
To PV5127 CN3
To CPU RS-232 port
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
Description
The Micronix PV-5127 is a high efficiency PC/104 power supply for embedded, vehicular and
automotive systems applications. It will withstand extended temperatures and the shock and
vibration of mobile equipment. Micronix PV-5127 has an input supply range of 18-35V (PV-
5127A: 10-35V), which is convenient for automotive and low-voltage applications. Intelligent
back-up battery charger with temperature protection of your battery pack. Additionally, it has a
built-in fan/heat control. Micronix PV-5127 has support for three ATX signals: PWR_GOOD,
PS_ON, and +5V Standby.
Micronix PV-5127 supports sealed lead-acid batteries, and the Micronix PV-1075 PC/104 NiMH
battery pack.
Block Diagram
PV-5127 is built around a high efficiency DC/DC converter that converts the incoming DC voltage
to 5V/15A. This output is used for +5V Standby and is available at CN2 and CN10. A power
switch is used for turning on/off the output voltages +5V and +12V under software control and by
the safety shutdown function.
The mains power and backup battery are connected to KL2. The input selector circuit always
selects the highest of the two voltages. If the mains voltage drops below the battery voltage, the
backup battery immediately takes over.
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
The mains supply is continuously monitored. There is hysteresis on the mains monitor so that a
mains failure is reported when the mains voltage drops below 16.5V, and mains is reported OK
when the voltage rises above 17.5V.
24V
input to main DC/DC converter
17.5V
16.5V
13.6V
Battery voltage
mains voltage
(fully charged)
0V
Mains LED
Mains OK
Mains OK
The connected lead-acid backup battery is maintained by an integrated battery charger (fast charge
and trickle charge). Using an external battery temperature sensor, you can disable the charging if
the battery is too hot. See the section Battery monitor and charger.
The PV-5127 can also monitor the system (ambient) temperature and prevent the CPU from starting
if it is too cold or too hot, and advise it to shut down if it is too hot. The system temperature can
also be used to control an external fan and heating element. See the section System temperature.
UPS monitoring software on the CPU can get UPS status information through the RS232 port and
the PC/104 bus, and it can perform a software-controlled power-off through the ATX signal
PS_ON, the RS232 port, and the PC/104 bus. See the section UPS control.
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
Connectors
The PC-5127 is equipped with nine connectors:
1 Mains+
2 GND
+5V 5
+5V 4
+12V 3
GND 2
GND 1
3 GND
4 Battery+
Ext. sensor
10°C
On-board
sensor
+5V
+5V STB
+12V
Charge current
0.5A
1.0A
ATX
Power input connector (KL2)
Power into PV-5127 (Mains and battery) is supplied through KL2 that is a four-pole removable
screw clamp connector. The layout of this connector is printed in the silkscreen on the heatsink.
Power output connector (KL3)
Power out of PV-5127 (+5V and +12V) is applied to KL3 that is a five-pole removable screw clamp
connector. The layout of this connector is printed in the silkscreen on the heatsink.
Output voltage indicators
Three green LEDs indicate presence of the output voltages +5V, +5V Standby, and +12V.
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
Heater and fan control and external LEDs connector (CN2)
Status for PV-5127 can be shown on external LEDs. These must be connected to CN2 by a 10
position ribbon cable with a mating connector. Furthermore, the +5V Standby and logical outputs
for the external heating element and the external fan are placed in this connector. The layout of this
connector is shown in the schematic to the left of the connector. The function of the individual
LEDs is shown in the table:
LED name
GND
Mode_Green_LED
Heat_On
Mode_Red_LED
Battery_LED
Mains_OK_LED
Hot_LED
Pin no Function
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
System GND.
See note.
Logical output for external heat element, 3.3V when active.
See note.
See section Battery monitor and charger.
On when mains supply OK.
See section UPS control.
Logical output for external fan, 3.3V when active.
Fan_On
Cold_LED
+5V_STB
See section UPS control.
+5V standby, is active when the main DC/DC converter is on.
Note: Mode_Green_LED and Mode_Red_LED are intended for use with a two-color red+green
LED. When both Mode LEDs are on, you get yellow. The possible colors are:
Mode LED color
Function
Green
Yellow
Off
On, both +5V and +12V are on
Standby, only +5V Standby is on
Off, main DC/DC converter is off
The LEDs should be connected like this:
pin9
pin10
pin2
pin1
To PV-5127 CN2
RS232 connector (CN3)
This connector is documented in the UPS Control section.
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
ATX connector (CN10)
The ATX connector holds the three ATX-signals: PS_ON, PWR_GOOD and +5V Standby.
The layout of this connector is shown in the schematic. The function of the individual ATX signals
is shown in the table:
ATX signal
Pin no
Function
GND
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
System GND
*
*
*
*
For factory use only
For factory use only
For factory use only
For factory use only
For factory use only
+5V Standby
This pin is 3.3V when +5V and +12V is OK
This pin must be pulled low in order to start PV-5127
System GND
*
+5V STB
PWR_GOOD
PS_ON
GND
Ext. sensor connector (J2)
This connector is for an external ambient (system) temperature sensor, see section System
temperature. The input is designed for the Infineon KTY11-5 temperature dependent resistor
(Infineon ordering code Q62705-K245). Mating connector for J2 is Molex 7880-2. A ready-made
sensor with a 40 cm cable and connector is available as the PV-5127-TW40 accessory.
Batt. sensor connector (J1)
This connector is for an external battery temperature sensor, or a jumper, see section Battery
monitor and charger. The input is designed for the Infineon KTY11-5 temperature dependent
resistor (Infineon ordering code Q62705-K245). Mating connector for J1 is Molex 7880-2. A
ready-made sensor with a 40 cm cable and connector is available as the PV-5127-TW40 accessory.
From the factory, a jumper is installed, disabling the battery temperature control.
Pinheader (ST3)
This pinheader is for configuring the System temperature measurement, see section System
temperature. You can mount a jumper in the “10°C” position, in the “On-board sensor” position, or
you can leave it unconnected. The factory default is a jumper in the “10°C” position.
Jumper position (ST3)
No jumper installed
Jumper on ‘On-board sensor’
Jumper on ‘10°C’
Input for System temperature
Sensor connected to J2
On-board sensor. Leave J2 unconnected.
Simulate +10°C. Leave J2 unconnected. (Factory default)
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
PC/104 bus connector (CN1)
The PC/104 connector is for connecting the PV-5127 to the CPU and other PC/104 boards. There
is a female connector on the top, and pins on the bottom so that you can mount other PC/104 boards
both above and below the PV-5127.
The main +5V and +12V outputs are available in the PC/104 connector, so you don’t need to use
the KL3 outputs when drawing smaller currents. The maximum allowed current through the
PC/104 connector is 2A per pin. Using all three 5V pins in parallel together with at least three
GND pins allows a maximum of 5V/6A. There is one 12V pin, allowing max 12V/2A. For larger
currents, you must use the KL3 power connector.
PC/104 power pins
B1
A1
B32
A32
C0
D0
C19
D19
The ATX signals (+5V STB, PS_ON and PWR_GOOD) are not available in the PC/104 connector.
The PC/104 bus is also used for software UPS status and power-off, see the UPS Control section.
The software interface uses the following signals:
PC/104 pin
Function
A2
A3
SD7
SD6
SD5
SD4
SD3
SD2
SD1
SD0
AEN
SA9
SA8
SA7
SA6
SA5
SA4
SA3
SA2
SA1
SA0
IOW#
IOR#
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
A9
A11
A22
A23
A24
A25
A26
A27
A28
A29
A30
A31
B13
B14
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
System temperature
The PV-5127 has a temperature measuring circuit that can control an external fan and heater, and
prevent the CPU from starting if the temperature is too low or too high. It monitors the system
temperature as long as +5V STB is on.
As system temperature sensor, you can use the onboard sensor, or an external sensor of type
Infineon KTY 11-5 connected to J2 (labelled “Ext. sensor”). If you don’t want any temperature
control, you can also configure it to a simulated 10°C, which effectively disables the temperature
control.
The circuitry checks for four different temperature ranges: too cold, cool, warm, and too hot.
Range
Too cold
Cool
Warm
Too hot
Thresholds
Below (0°C, 3°C)
Between (0°C, 3°C) and (15°C, 18°C)
Between (15°C, 18°C) and (47°C, 55°C)
Above (47°C, 55°C)
There is hysteresis when moving between the ranges. The notion (0°C, 3°C) denotes the lower and
upper hysteresis levels, so that the change from too cold to cool happens when the temperature rises
above 3°C, but to change from cool to too cold, the temperature must fall below 0°C. Similarly for
the threshold between cool and warm (at 15°C and 18°C), and between warm and too hot (at 47°C
and 55°C).
For testing purposes, the too cold and too hot ranges can be simulated. To simulate too cold, mount
a jumper on J2 instead of a sensor. To simulate too hot, leave both J2 and ST3 unconnected.
The temperature ranges are used for these functions:
CPU start
allowed
No
Cold
LED
Flashing
Off
Hot
LED
Off
Off
Off
Range
Too cold
Cool
Warm
Too hot
Heater
On
Fan
Off
Off
On
On
Critical alarm
No
No
Yes
Yes
No
Off
Off
Off
No
Yes
Off
Off
Flashing
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
Note that the heater and fan outputs are logical outputs that become 3.3V when they are active. If
necessary, the user must provide driving circuitry to drive an actual heater and fan. The positions of
the two outputs in CN2 are shown here.
If the temperature is too cold or too hot, the CPU cannot be turned on until it changes to cool or
warm. But if it the CPU is on, and the temperature later changes to too cold or too hot, the CPU
continues running.
If the temperature changes to too hot and you are using UPS monitoring software with the RS232
status signals, a “critical alarm” (mains failure and low battery) is signalled, prompting the
monitoring software to shut down immediately. UPS monitoring software that reads status
information through the PC/104 can also detect this condition and react accordingly.
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
UPS Control
The PV-5127 provides several methods for the CPU to get UPS status information, and to turn off
power. The CPU can get status information through the RS232 and the PC/104 interface, and it can
perform a software-controlled power-off through the ATX PS_ON signal, through an RS232 signal,
and through the PC/104 interface.
PS_ON signal
Two of the ATX functions that are supported in PV-5127 are: +5V STB and PS_ON.
These signals are placed in connector CN10.
In the figure below, the relationship between Mains OK, PS_ON and +5V STB is illustrated.
Mains OK
(ATX)
PS_ON
+5V STB
+5V, +12V
1
2
2
2
3
4
In this figure, the system temperature and the battery voltage are assumed to be OK. For the full
details involving these conditions, please see the ATX and Softoff state machines section.
1. 5V STB turns on when mains turns on.
2. The CPU can turn itself on and off using PS_ON, and since mains is on, the +5V STB also stays
on.
3. When mains disappears while the CPU is on, it continues running on battery.
4. When the CPU turns itself off while mains isn’t present, everything including +5V STB is
turned off, to conserve battery power. It stays off until mains comes back.
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
RS232
The PV-5127 has a connector (CN3, labelled “RS232”) that can be connected to an RS232 port on
the CPU. The PV-5127 provides two handshake outputs with status information, and one
handshake input for controlling shutdown. The RxD and TxD signals are not used, the only used
signals are Ground and the three handshake signals. The three signals are compatible with the
“simple signalling” or “basic signalling” protocol used by other UPS units.
The 10-pin connector, CN3 is designed to be used with a simple ribbon cable ending in a DB9
female connector to be plugged into a DB9 male RS232 connector on the CPU.
CDB-9F
Female
pin9
pin10
pin9
pin5
length=30cm
colored wire
pin1
pin2
pin6
pin1
To PV-5127 CN3
To CPU RS-232 port
The signals use normal RS232 voltage levels. Inactive (‘0’) = -10V, active (‘1’) = +10V.
In the table shown inputs are indicated by (i) and outputs by (o).
PV-5127 CN3
Function
Battery low(o)
CPU RS232 DB9
Pin
1
Pin
1
RS232
Function
CD
Battery low(i)
2
3
2
3
4
5
UPS_active(i), see note
4
5
DTR
GND
Shutdown(o)
GND
6
7
8
Mains failure(o)
Shutdown(i)
6
7
8
RTS
CTS
UPS_active(o)
Mains failure(i)
9
GND
9
10
Note: The UPS_active signal is currently unused by the PV-5127.
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
RS232 Status signals
The Battery low and Mains failure signals together can tell three different states:
Mains failure
Battery low Status
0
1
0
0
Running normally on mains power.
Mains alarm, running on battery. The CPU is advised to shut down if
mains power doesn’t come back within reasonable time. This time
should be configured in the UPS monitoring software.
Critical alarm. The CPU is advised to shut down immediately.
This happens in two situations:
1
1
•
•
During mains failure and the battery is critically low.
When the system is too hot.
RS232 Shutdown signal
When the CPU activates the Shutdown signal for one second, the PV-5127 immediately turns off
the +5V and +12V power, and, if mains is not present, also the +5V STB. Pulses shorter than one
second have no effect. For details, please see the section ATX and Softoff state machines.
UPS-shutdown
via RS-232
+24V
Mains
Mains
LED
Mains fail
RS-232(CTS)
Lobat
RS-232(CD)
+5V, +12V
+5V STB(ATX)
Shutdown from CPU
RS-232(DTR)
time for system to shutdown
Battery voltage
11.25V
10.75V
9.5V
Batt.
LED
discharge
charge
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
PC/104 interface
The PV-5127 has a software interface where the CPU can read status information and perform a
power-off through the PC/104 bus. The power-off can be delayed up to 253 seconds, so that the
UPS monitoring can start the delayed power-off, then start a shutdown of the operating system, and
the actual power-off happens after the operating system has finished shutting down.
When a delayed power-off has been initiated, the software can later cancel or modify it. This
means that the delayed power-off can be used as a software watchdog: If the software e.g. once
every second starts a power-off specifying a delay of 10 seconds, the system is continuously kept
on. If, because of a software error, the refreshing of the delayed power-off stops, the PV-5127 will
power off the system in 10 seconds. If mains is present and the system temperature is OK, the PV-
5127 will turn on again two seconds later, ensuring a clean reboot.
This interface is used by the PV-5127 UPS minidriver for Windows 2000/XP. You only need the
following information if you want to write your own UPS monitoring or watchdog software.
To the CPU, the PV-5127 appears as a fixed block of eight I/O addresses at 250h-257h. It doesn’t
use any memory addresses, IRQs, or DMA channels.
Address
Read/write Function
250h
251h
252h
253h
254h
255h
256h
257h
read only
SIGNATURE
STATUS
read only
read only
read only
read/write
BAT_STATUS
RS232_STATUS
SHUTDOWN
Reserved
-
-
-
Reserved
Reserved
SIGNATURE (port 250h, read only):
This port always reads as 37h. Software can read this register to verify the presence of a PV-5127
adapter.
STATUS (port 251h, read only): 0000bmss
This port contains the following read-only status information bits.
ss (STATUS bit 1-0): System temperature, according to the internal or external system temperature
sensor.
ss=00: Too cold
ss=01: Cool
ss=10: Warm
ss=11: Too hot
m (STATUS bit 2): Mains present.
m=0: Mains voltage not present, running on battery
m=1: Mains voltage present
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
b (STATUS bit 3): Battery present.
b=0: Battery not present (empty or disconnected)
b=1: Battery present
BAT_STATUS (port 252h, read only): nn0cctvv
This port contains the following read-only battery status information bits.
vv (BAT_STATUS bit 1-0): Battery voltage. See the section Battery monitor and charger.
vv=00: Empty or low
vv=01: Medium
vv=10: Full
vv=11: Disconnected
t (BAT_STATUS bit 2): Battery temperature, according to the battery temperature sensor input.
When using the PV-1075 NiMH battery module, the sensor should be disconnected, and this bit
always reports battery too hot.
t=0: Battery temperature OK, charger enabled
t=1: Battery too hot, charger disabled
cc (BAT_STATUS bit 4-3): Charger status.
cc=00: Charger off. When using the PV-1075, the charger is always off.
cc=01: Reserved
cc=10: Charger on, trickle charging
cc=11: Charger on, fast charging
nn (BAT_STATUS bit 7-6): Battery type. With the current firmware, the only possible value is 01.
nn=00: Reserved
nn=01: Lead-Acid, or PV-1075 NiMH battery module
nn=10: Reserved
nn=11: Reserved
RS232_STATUS (port 253h, read only): uuuu0000
This port contains the following read-only status bits. They reflect the status of the pins in the
RS232 connector, whether input from the CPU, or output by the PV-5127. All four signals are
active high, i.e. 1=signal active, 0=signal inactive. Note that RTS (UPS_active) has no function,
apart from being readable in this port.
RS232_STATUS bit 4: CD (Lobat). Output from the PV-5127.
RS232_STATUS bit 5: CTS (Mainsfail). Output from the PV-5127.
RS232_STATUS bit 6: RTS (UPS_active). Input into the PV-5127.
RS232_STATUS bit 7: DTR (Shutdown). Input into the PV-5127.
SHUTDOWN (port 254h, read/write):
This port holds the current state of the Softoff state machine. Please see the section ATX and Softoff
state machines. Possible values are:
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
00h: SOFT_OFF (first half of 2-second delay)
FEh: SOFT_ON
FFh: SOFT_OFF (second half of 2-second delay), or SOFT_TEMPBAD
Other values: SOFT_DELAY, delayed shutdown in progress. value = remaining seconds until
SOFT_OFF
Software normally won’t read the values 00h and FFh since the 5V+12V is off at this time. Writing
00h will turn off power immediately, and it will stay off for at least two seconds. You shouldn’t
write FFh since this will turn power off for only one second, and this might not be enough for a
CPU to reboot cleanly. Writing FEh will cancel a delayed shutdown in progress. Writing other
values will initiate (or modify) a delayed shutdown, with the value being the number of seconds
until SOFT_OFF.
Software compatibility
Windows NT 4.0: The PV-5127 RS232 interface is directly compatible with the Windows NT 4.0
UPS service, using the CDB-9F cable. It can monitor the three statuses (Normal, Mains alarm,
Critical alarm), and use the RS232 Shutdown signal to power off.
Windows 2000 and XP: The UPS service in these operating systems can monitor the three statuses
(Normal, Mains alarm, Critical alarm) through RS232, but it cannot power off the PV-5127 with the
Shutdown signal. This is because the UPS service is terminated during shutdown, so it cannot
activate the Shutdown signal when shutdown is complete.
To power off the PV-5127 after a shutdown under Windows 2000 and XP, you must use either the
PS_ON signal with an ATX compatible CPU, or the PC/104 interface. Using the PS_ON signal
ensures that power is turned off exactly when the operating system has finished shutting down.
The PC/104 interface is used by the PV-5127 UPS minidriver available at http://www.micro-
technic.com/pv5127/. This method does not use an RS232 port or cable.
Linux: Several UPS monitoring daemons exist which use the “simple” or “dumb” signalling
protocol on a serial port. Examples are:
UPSCABLE 940-0020B.
should specify genericups upstype=2.
• Other daemons: Make sure that you use the right handshake signals since no single standard
exists for which handshake are used for which function, and adapt either the software
configuration or the cable accordingly.
With some UPS hardware, you can experience a “deadlock” problem if mains power comes back
after the UPS monitoring software has decided to shut down the operating system. This happens if
the UPS monitoring software is unable to turn off power after the operating system has finished
shutting down, because mains power has come back. This cannot happen with the PV-5127
because it always turns off power for at least two seconds after a power-off command through
RS232 or PC/104, even if mains power is present.
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
Battery monitor and charger
Battery voltages
The PV-5127 monitors the voltage of the battery as long as the main DC/DC converter is on. The
voltage status controls the charger, the RS232 alarm output, the battery LED, and it can be read
through PC/104. The possible ranges are:
Range
Empty
Low
Medium
Full
Disconnected
Thresholds
Below 9.5V
Between 9.5V and (10.75V, 11.25V)
Between (10.75V, 11.25V) and (13.0V, 14.7V)
Between (13.0V, 14.7V) and 15.0V
Above 15.0V
There is hysteresis when moving between some of the ranges. The notion (10.75V, 11.25V)
denotes the lower and upper hysteresis levels, so that the change from low to medium happens when
the voltage rises above 11.25V, but to change from medium to low, the voltage must drop below
10.75V.
When empty, and running on battery, power is immediately turned off to protect the battery against
complete discharge. This is the safety shutdown feature. Empty can also mean that no battery is
connected.
When low, and running on battery, a Critical alarm is reported through RS232.
The medium and full ranges control the charging mode, see below.
The disconnected state happens when the charger is on, and there is no battery connected.
Lead-acid charger
The PV-5127 has an integrated lead-acid battery charger that will maintain the UPS battery as long
as the mains voltage is present. The battery charger has three modes of operation: Fast charge,
trickle charge, and off.
In the fast charge mode, the battery charger will deliver a constant current to the battery as long as
the battery voltage has not reached 14.7V. This current can be programmed by a jumper at ST1.
ST1 installed
ST1 removed
Fast charge current=1A
Fast charge current=0.5A
After reaching 14.7V, the charger goes into trickle charge mode. In this mode, the battery is
supplied with a constant voltage of 13.6V. When the battery voltage falls below 13.0V, the charger
returns to fast charge mode.
Charging a lead-acid battery while it is too hot may damage it. The PV-5127 has an input, J1, for
connecting an external battery temperature sensor. The sensor, if used, should be physically
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
mounted directly on the battery. The charging is disabled when the temperature according to this
sensor rises above 55°C, and enabled when it falls below 45°C. The J1 input has the following
function:
Installed on J1
Nothing
A jumper
Charger function
Disabled. See note.
Enabled (factory default)
Enabled when not too hot
A KTY11-5 sensor
Note: When using the PV-5127 with a PV-1075 NiMH battery module, you must disable the PV-
5127 charger by leaving J1 unconnected.
You can connect a Battery LED to the CN2 connector. The LED shows these statuses:
Battery LED Meaning
Off
Battery voltage OK (medium or full). If mains is present and the charger is enabled,
the charger is in trickle charge mode, otherwise it is off.
Charger is in fast charge mode.
Flashing
Steady on
Battery error. This indicates that the battery is either empty, low, or disconnected.
Temperature controlled charging
Constant charge
voltage=13.6V
14.7V
Constant charge
current=0.5/1A
Battery
voltage
Constant charge
current=0.5/1A
Batt.
LED
55°C
Batt.
Temp.
45°C
no charge
fast charge
no charge
fast charge
trickle charge
trickle charge
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
ATX and Softoff state machines
The PV-5127 provides several ways to turn on/off power. ATX compatible CPUs can turn
themselves on and off using PS_ON, and UPS monitoring software on CPUs without PS_ON can
turn off using either a RS232 handshake signal or a software command through the PC/104 bus.
Regardless of the method, the system temperature ensures that the CPU can only be turned on when
the system temperature is OK, but it is allowed to stay on if the temperature later becomes too cold
or too hot. The system temperature circuit can be bypassed using a jumper that effectively tells the
PV-5127 that the temperature is always OK.
The main DC/DC converter and 5V STB
The main DC/DC converter converts the input voltage (from mains or the backup battery) to 5V.
The output of the converter is directly connected to the 5V STB output, so whenever the converter
is on, the 5V STB is present. It also powers the internal control logic. When off, the power
consumption is minimal.
The output of the converter is also connected, through a power switch, to the main 5V output and
(through a step-up DC/DC converter) to the 12V output. The power switch controls when to turn
on the 5V+12V outputs.
The main DC/DC converter turns on when mains appears, and stays on as long as mains is present.
When the converter is on, the CPU can turn on and off the 5V+12V output using PS_ON,
depending on temperatures etc.
When mains disappears, the converter stays on as long as the 5V+12V output is on, and the battery
is OK (>9.5V). That is, when running on battery, the converter is turned off when the CPU turns
itself off (to conserve battery capacity until mains comes back), or when the battery is empty (to
protect the battery against deep discharging).
The 5V+12V outputs
The power switch, which turns on and off the 5V+12V outputs, is controlled by two state machines
implemented in the control logic – the ATX on/off state machine, and the Softoff state machine.
Both state machines must be in their “on” state for the power switch to turn on. When either state
machine goes to an “off” state, the 5V+12V outputs turn off, and if mains is not present, the main
DC/DC converter also turns off.
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
The ATX on/off state machine
The ATX on/off state machine has two states: ATX_OFF and ATX_ON. Only in the ATX_ON
state can the 5V+12V outputs be turned on.
The state machine is controlled by the PS_ON input (located in the CN10 connector), and the
system temperature status. PS_ON is active low – it is active when pulled low to 0V, and inactive
when high or left floating.
• The state machine starts up in ATX_OFF when the main DC/DC converter starts.
• It changes to ATX_ON when PS_ON is active and the system temperature is OK (cool or
warm). This means that the CPU cannot turn itself on when the temperature is not OK (too
cold or too hot).
• It stays in ATX_ON as long as PS_ON is active. Even if the system temperature becomes
too cold or too hot, it stays in ATX_ON, as long as PS_ON is active. This means that the
CPU won’t suddenly be turned off if the temperature becomes bad (but it can decide to do a
controlled shutdown and power off when it sees the temperature status).
• When PS_ON goes inactive, it changes to ATX_OFF.
If your CPU cannot control the PS_ON input, you can make it permanently active by placing a
jumper in CN10.
The Softoff state machine
The Softoff state machine is intended for use with UPS monitoring software, such as the Windows
2000/XP UPS service. The Softoff state machine is controlled by the RS232 Shutdown (DTR)
signal, the system temperature status, and software commands through the PC/104 bus. This state
machine is useful when your CPU does not support the PS_ON signal. With this state machine, you
can perform a shutdown using an RS232 handshake signal (see the section RS232), and through a
software command through the PC/104 bus (see the section PC/104 Interface). If you leave the
RS232 DTR unconnected, it is by default inactive.
The state machine has four states: SOFT_ON, SOFT_DELAY, SOFT_OFF and
SOFT_TEMPBAD. SOFT_ON and SOFT_DELAY are the “on” states, i.e. only in these states can
the 5V+12V be turned on. SOFT_OFF and SOFT_TEMPBAD are the “off” states, where the
5V+12V is guaranteed to be off.
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
It can be illustrated like this:
PC/104 delayed
shutdown command
delay in
progress
SOFT_DELAY
0-253 seconds
SOFT_ON
PC/104 cancel
delayed shutdown
temp OK
delay expired
RS232 DTR
active
temp
not OK
delay expired
delay in
progress
SOFT_OFF
2 seconds
SOFT_TEMPBAD
• The state machine starts up in SOFT_TEMPBAD when the main DC/DC converter starts.
In this state, the 5V+12V cannot be turned on. It stays in this state as long as the system
temperature is too cold or too hot.
• SOFT_ON: This is the normal “on” state. The RS232 DTR (Shutdown) is monitored, and if
it is active for one second, power is turned off by going to SOFT_OFF. Pulses on DTR
shorter than one second are ignored. In SOFT_ON, the CPU can issue a delayed shutdown
command through the PC/104 bus.
• SOFT_DELAY: The 5V+12V is still on, but the delayed shutdown timer is running. The
delay can be cancelled by software, returning to SOFT_ON.
• SOFT_OFF: The 5V+12V is turned off for two seconds, ensuring that the CPU is cleanly
rebooted after it has decided to shut down, even if mains is present. If mains isn’t present,
the main DC/DC converter is also turned off, so everything stays off until mains comes
back.
• SOFT_TEMPBAD: If mains is present, it moves from SOFT_OFF to SOFT_TEMPBAD
after two seconds. If the system temperature is OK (cool or warm), it then moves
immediately to SOFT_ON. If the system temperature is either too cold or too hot, it stays in
SOFT_TEMPBAD until either the temperature becomes OK, or mains disappears (whereby
everything is turned off until mains comes back).
Note that the PV-5127 does not have a very accurate clock. You should expect deviations of 10%
from the nominal times in SOFT_DELAY and SOFT_OFF.
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
Technical data
Power supply:
Input voltage:
PV-5127-S:
18-35Vdc (with UPS and charger)
10-35Vdc (without UPS and charger)
PV-5127A-S:
+5Vdc, 8A
+/-100mV
Output Voltage 1:
Ripple/noise:
Line regulation:
Load regulation:
Output Voltage 2:
Ripple/noise:
Line regulation:
Load regulation:
Output Voltage 3:
Output power:
Efficiency:
+/-1%
+/-5%
+12Vdc, 3A
+/-150mV
+/-1%
+/-5%
+5V Standby, 1A
75W, max
5V: 91%, 12V: 81%
Short circuit and overload protected
Overload protection:
UPS/Battery Charger:
Battery type:
12V Lead Acid or NiMH (PV-1075)
Lead Acid charge:
Fast charge: Constant current (0.5 or 1A)
Trickle charge: Constant voltage (13.6V)
Input for temperature sensor.
Battery protection:
Temperature control:
Internal or external ambient temperature sensor
Logical outputs for external fan and heater (3,3V when on)
Alarm to CPU when temp. too high(via “RS232” and PC/104)
Input: PS_ON
ATX signals:
Outputs: PWR_GOOD, +5V Standby
“RS232” Interface:
Handshake signals:
High temperature alarm:
Software:
“Mains failure”, “Battery Low”, “Shutdown”
Activates “Mains failure” and “Battery Low”
Supported by Windows NT and Linux
PC/104 Interface:
Power:
+5V, +12V
Status:
Shutdown:
Software:
Software readable mains, battery, and temperature status
Software shutdown, delayed 0-253 sec.
UPS service for Windows 2000 and XP available
Logic outputs (Fan_ON, Heat_ON, and PWR_GOOD):
VOH – Output high voltage:
VOH – Output high voltage:
VOL – Output low voltage:
min. 2.4V @ -4.0mA
typ. 3.3V @ 0mA
max. 0.4V @ 8.0mA
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
Environmental specifications:
Operating temperature:
-20°C to +70°C at 0.5 m/s airflow
-40°C to +85°C
20 to 90% non-condensing
ETS 300 019-2-5 or equal
10-1000 Hz sinus and random @ 1-1.5G RMS EN
60068-2-34 & 60068-2-36
IEC 60068-2-27 & 60068-2-29
90 x 96 x 15mm
Storage temperature:
Humidity:
Cyclic humidity:
Vibration:
Sustained vibration:
Shock:
Size: (W x L x H):
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
Mechanical layout
The schematic on this page shows the dimensions for PV-5127.
All dimensions are in mm.
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
Installation guide
Precautions to ESD
Please note that the Micronix PV modules must be handled with respect to ESD (Electrostatic
Discharge). Electrostatic Discharge to the PV modules must be avoided.
Before removing the module from the protection bag, the user must be discharged using a grounded
wrist ribbon.
Settings and connections
ST1
To set the fast charge current to 1A, install a jumper at ST1 (factory default). To set the fast charge
current to 0.5A, remove jumper at ST1.
J1
Connect an external temperature sensor at J1 (i.e. PV-5127-TW40) if the battery temperature is to
be supervised during the charging process. The battery temperature control can be disabled by
installing a jumper at J1 (factory default). Leave ST1 unconnected when PV-5127 is used with a
PV-1075 battery module. See section Connectors and Battery monitor and charger.
ST3
Connect a jumper in position ‘On-board sensor’ if the system temperature is to be measured by the
on-board sensor. If the system temperature is to be measured by an external sensor, leave ST3
unconnected. To disable the system temperature control, install a jumper in the position ‘10°C’
(factory default).
J2
Connect an external temperature sensor at J2 (i.e. PV-5127-TW40) if the system temperature is to
be supervised by an external sensor. Otherwise leave J2 unconnected. See section Connectors and
System temperature.
CN2
If external LED indicators or the heater and fan control outputs are used, connect these through
CN2. Otherwise leave CN2 unconnected. See section Connectors.
CN3
If the ‘simple signalling’ protocol is to be used for the UPS control, connect a suitable cable (i.e.
CDB-9F) between CN3 and a COM port on the CPU. Otherwise leave CN3 unconnected. See
section UPS Control.
CN10
If your CPU has a 5V Standby power input and a PS_ON output, connect them to the corresponding
pins in CN10 (ATX). Otherwise place a jumper on the two leftmost pins in CN10 to permanently
activate PS_ON (factory default). See section Connectors and section UPS Control.
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
KL2
Connection of mains and battery voltage are made via KL2 as shown in the table:
Connection in KL2
Function
Mains+ in
Mains- in
Battery- in
Battery+ in
1
2
3
4
Connect mains input to pin 1 and 2. To use a lead-acid backup battery, connect it to pin 3 and 4,
otherwise leave pin 3 and 4 unconnected. To use a NiMH (Nickel Metal Hydride) battery for back-
up, a Micronix PV-1075 can be integrated in the PC/104 stack. In this case, see documentation
supplied with PV-1075 for connection of mains and battery.
KL3
Output power can be supplied from connector KL3. This should be used if the output current
exceeds the PC/104 connector limits, see section PC/104 connector (CN1), or if you need power for
devices that are not powered through the PC/104 bus.
Connection number in KL3 Function
1
2
3
4
5
GND
GND
+12V out
+5V out
+5V out
1 Mains+
2 GND
+5V 5
+5V 4
+12V 3
GND 2
GND 1
3 GND
4 Battery+
Ext. sensor
10°C
On-board
sensor
+5V
+5V STB
+12V
Charge current
0.5A
1.0A
ATX
Jumpers shown in their factory default positions
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
Thermal considerations
When installing the Micronix PV-5127 in a PC/104 stack, some considerations about convection
must be made. For the power supply to work properly, certain temperature limits must not be
exceeded. Several factors will affect the temperature raise in the PV-5127:
• the delivered power
• the convection inside the cabinet
• the input voltage (mains) and
• the ambient temperature
Tests have shown that if the temperature at the top of the electrolytic capacitors do not exceed
105°C, the PV-5127 is thermally safe. This table shows the relationship between Uin and Tcap:
Uin[V]
10
Tcap[°C]
Tamb max.[°C]
Pout[W]
67
72
74
86
60
55
53
41
75
75
75
75
18
24
30
All figures in the table match an ambient temperature equal to 22°C without forced cooling.
A raise in ambient temperature must be added to Tcap. This gives the max. ambient temperature:
Tamb max. = (105 –Tcap) + 22. These figures are given in the table.
If the PV-5127 is placed in an ambient temperature that is higher than indicated in the table, the
system integrator must arrange forced cooling. Temperature experiments have shown that a min.
airflow parallel to the surface of the heat sink of 0.5m/s is adequate for max. load at ambient
temperatures up to 84°C. For durability reasons, it is recommended not to use PV-5127 at ambient
temperatures exceeding 70°C at full load.
Airflow
direction
alt. 1.
1 Mains+
2 GND
+5V 5
+5V 4
3 GND
+12V 3
4 Battery+
Ext. sensor
GND 2
GND 1
10°C
On-board
sensor
+5V
+5V STB
+12V
Charge current
0.5A
1.0A
ATX
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PV- 5127: Power supply module with UPS
Differences between PV-5127 and PV-5127A
The PV-5127 is available in a version without UPS and battery charger. The ordering code for this
product is PV-5127A. These things are different in this version:
• The mains voltage range is nominally 10-35V instead of 18-35V. The mains monitor
reports mains failure at mains voltage below 9.0V and mains OK at above 9.5V, instead of
16.5V and 17.5V, respectively.
• The battery charger is omitted.
• The input selector circuit is omitted.
• J1 for battery temperature sensor is omitted.
• CN3 for “RS232” UPS communication is omitted.
Block diagram of the PV-5127A
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