M Audio Electronic Keyboard KeyStudio 25 User Manual

The Compact Make-Music-Now Keyboard Studio  
English  
User Guide  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Assigning MIDI Machine Control (MMC) Commands to a Button                                                                     23  
Assigning a Note to a Button                                                                                                             24  
Assigning RPN/NRPN to a Fader or Knob                                                                                             24  
About SysEx Messages and Device ID                                                                                                 25  
Assigning the Device ID                                                                                                                 25  
Memory Dump                                                                                                                             25  
MIDI Messages In-Depth                                                                                                 26  
Program & Bank Changes                                                                                                               26  
Troubleshooting                                                                                                                 28  
Appendices - Useful MIDI Data                                                                                     31  
Appendix A: MIDI Implementation Chart                                                                                                31  
Appendix B: Assignable MIDI CC’s on KeyStudio 25                                                                                  32  
Appendix C: Hexadecimal Conversion Chart                                                                                           34  
Appendix D: General MIDI Preset Specification                                                                                        35  
Appendix E: MIDI Note Numbers                                                                                                        35  
Appendix F: Standard MIDI Controller Numbers (MIDI CC’s)                                                                         36  
Appendix G: Roland GS and Yamaha XG NRPN Support                                                                             37  
Appendix H: General MIDI Reverb and Chorus Types                                                                                 37  
Technical Info                                                                                                                      38  
Warranty                                                                                                                               38  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Introduction  
Congratulations on your purchase of Session KeyStudio 25. This complete music production package contains the KeyStudio 25-note  
velocity sensitive USB keyboard and powerful Session music creation software. This provides you with everything you need to compose  
great music on your computer.  
This User Guide covers setup and features of the KeyStudio 25 USB keyboard and installation of the Session music creation software. Even  
if you are experienced with computer-based music production, we still recommend reading this User Guide to help you get the most out  
of this package.  
Finally, keep in mind that the hardware contained in the bundle can also be used with third-party music software. If you are using  
third-party software with the KeyStudio 25 keyboard, you may want to refer to your application’s User Guide to learn how the keyboard  
can best be used with your software.  
Mac OS X Users: Session KeyStudio 25 is a software and hardware combination designed for Windows XP and Windows Vista. However, the  
KeyStudio 25 USB keyboard also works well on Apple computers running Mac OS X and popular applications such as GarageBand. To assist  
Apple users, this guide includes KeyStudio 25 installation instructions for OS X.  
Session KeyStudio Features  
KeyStudio 25 USB Keyboard:  
Session Software:  
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<
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<
<
<
<
<
25 full-sized, half-action, velocity sensitive keys  
MIDI-reassignable Pitch Bend control  
MIDI-reassignable Modulation control  
Octave up/down button  
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CD-quality multi-track audio and MIDI recording  
software  
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Built-in studio-quality effects  
Built-in virtual synthesizer with hundreds of instrument  
sounds  
8 assignable knobs  
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Includes over 3.5 GB of sound content for professional  
music creation  
8 assignable buttons  
1 assignable slider  
1 assignable pedal input  
USB bus-powered operation  
Compatible with M-Audio’s Enigma librarian software  
Thin, compact design  
Class-compliant operation—no driver installation  
required  
What’s in the Box?  
Your M-Audio Session KeyStudio 25 bundle should contain the following items:  
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M-Audio KeyStudio 25 USB keyboard  
M-Audio Session DVD-ROM  
USB cable  
Printed Session KeyStudio 25 Quick Start Guide  
If any of the above listed items are missing, please contact the retailer where you purchased the product.  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Minimum System Requirements  
Windows XP (SP2) or higher*  
< Pentium 4 1.6 GHz processor (CPU may be higher for laptops)  
< 512MB RAM  
< 4GB free hard disk space for complete Session software installation 32MB video RAM **  
< 1024 x 768 video resolution (1280 x 1024 recommended)  
< Built-in or third-party audio interface ☨  
< DVD drive for Session software installation  
< One native USB port  
Windows Vista 32-bit  
< Pentium 4 1.6 GHz processor (CPU may be higher for laptops)  
< 1 GB RAM  
< 4GB free hard disk space for complete Session software installation  
< 128 MB video RAM**  
< 1024 x 768 video resolution (1280 x 1024 recommended)  
< Built-in or third-party audio interface ☨  
< DVD drive for Session software installation  
< One native USB port  
Mac OS X (KeyStudio 25 hardware only)  
< Macintosh G4 1GHz ☨☨  
< OS X 10.3.9 with 512 MB RAM  
< OS X 10.4.9 with 512 MB RAM  
< One native USB port  
*Home and Professional Edition only. Windows Media Center Edition is not currently supported.  
**Session does not support video cards based on any of the following chipsets: S3/VIA UniChrome, SiS EL315, Matrox. If the video card  
being used shares system RAM, then overall system RAM requirements may increase by the amount of system RAM shared with the  
video card.  
Session software will operate with any audio interface; for best performance, M-Audio recommends using an ASIO-compatible  
audio interface.  
☨☨ G3/G4 accelerator cards are not supported.  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Installation and Setup  
1. Connect the KeyStudio 25 keyboard.  
The KeyStudio 25 USB keyboard is class-compliant. This means that you may simply connect the KeyStudio 25 keyboard to your  
Windows XP, Windows Vista or Mac OS X computer using the provided USB cable and switch the keyboard on. No additional  
installation or drivers are required.  
NOTE: Windows users who would like to take advantage of the more advanced features of KeyStudio 25,  
such as using the keyboard with more than one application at the same time (multi-client), should install the  
optional M-Audio KeyStudio 25 drivers. These drivers can be found by going to the Support > Drivers page at  
Advanced installation instructions for Windows users (optional):  
1. If you have already connected the KeyStudio 25 keyboard to your computer, disconnect it before beginning the installation.  
that you have the newest drivers available. Double-click the file once it has finished downloading.  
3. Follow the driver installer’s on-screen direction prompts.  
4. At various points in this installation process, you may be notified that the driver being installed has not passed Windows  
Logo Testing, or asked whether the program you wish to run is a trusted application. Click “Continue Anywayor “Installto  
proceed with installation.  
5. Once the installer has completed, click “Finish.”  
6. Attach KeyStudio 25 to an available USB port using the cable provided. Make sure the power switch on the back of the  
keyboard is in the “onposition. If you are using Windows Vista, your KeyStudio 25 installation is now complete. If you are  
using Windows XP, proceed to steps 7-9.  
7. Windows XP will identify the controller and will ask if you want to search the Internet for a driver. Select “No, not this time,”  
and press “Next.”  
8. Windows XP will display a Found New Hardware Wizard. Choose “Install the software automatically,and click “Next.”  
9. Click “Finishonce the Wizard has completed the installation.  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
2. Install the Session Music Creation Software.  
1. Insert the M-Audio Session DVD-ROM into your computer’s DVD-ROM drive.  
2. The computer will automatically display the install screen. If your computer fails to launch the installer, manually start it by  
clicking on Start > My Computer* and then double-clicking Session.  
3. Follow the software installer’s on-screen instructions.  
NOTE: Session comes with a large library of loops and instrument samples for music creation, known as  
Session Content. During the installation process, you will be asked if you would like to install the Session  
Content on your hard drive. If you do not have 4 GB of disk space available, you may choose not to install  
the Session Content, but you will then have to place the Session DVD in your DVD-ROM drive whenever you  
run Session. Accessing Session’s content via DVD-ROM results in slightly slower computer performance. If  
the required hard drive space is available, installing the Session Content on your computer’s hard drive is  
recommended.  
Please be aware that your Session software’s Factory Content Library may take as long as 30 minutes to  
install. This behavior is normal. During the installation process, the installer displays helpful Session tutorial  
information.  
4. Click “Finishonce the installer has completed the installation.  
*If you are using Windows Vista, “My Computer” will be labeled “Computer” in this step.  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Getting Started Making Music with Session  
1. Connect the KeyStudio 25 keyboard to your computer using the supplied USB cable and make sure the keyboard is  
switched on.  
2. Launch Session by clicking Start > All Programs > M-Audio > Session > Session. Alternatively, if you chose to create a  
desktop shortcut icon during installation, you can double-click the shortcut.  
3. Click the button labeled “Newin the Session Startup window.  
4. A New Composition dialog box will appear allowing you to choose a Name, Time Signature, Key Root, Key Scale, and Tempo  
for your composition. After these choices have been made, click OK.  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
5. Click the Add a Track button in the upper left corner of the Session Main Screen.  
6. The “What would you like to do?dialog box will now appear. For this example, select Play and Record with your Keyboard,  
and click OK.  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
7. In the “Select Keyboard Sounddialog box, select the bank of sounds you would like to associate with the first track of your new  
song, and click OK.  
8. A new track will now appear in the main Session window. You may click the specific instrument you would like to play from the  
instrument list appearing on the left side of the screen.  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
9. Try playing notes on your KeyStudio 25 keyboard. If you can hear instrument sounds,you may skip steps 10-12. If your computer  
does not yet generate sounds when KeyStudio 25 is played, proceed to step 10 for additional configuration instructions.  
10. Go to Options > Audio Hardware and make sure the sound card you wish you use (i.e., your computer’s built-in sound card or an  
installed ASIO compatible audio interface) is selected in the Output Device and Input Device pull-down menus. Click OK. See the  
following chapter, ”More Information on Configuring Session,for further explanation of this.  
11. Go to Options > MIDI Hardware and make sure “USB Audio Device,“USB O2,or “USB O2 Inis selected in the Input Port box.  
KeyStudio will appear as “USB Audio Devicein Windows XP and “USB O2in Windows Vista if additional drivers have not been  
installed. If the optional drivers are installed, KeyStudio will appear as “USB O2 In.Click OK.  
Figure A: Session MIDI Hardware dialog window  
Figure B: Session MIDI Hardware dialog window  
without optional drivers installed in Windows XP.  
without optional drivers installed in Windows Vista.  
12. You should now be able to use your KeyStudio keyboard to play instruments from the Session instrument library.  
More Information on Configuring Session  
To play back and record audio in Session, Session must communicate with your sound card.  
On first launch, Session attempts to choose the first sound card containing both an audio  
input and audio output, effectively making this connection automatically. If Session is not  
able to select audio inputs and outputs automatically, it will open the Audio Hardware  
dialog. If the process is successful (Session does not open the Audio Hardware dialog  
automatically), but you cannot play back or record audio with Session, you’ll need to open  
the Audio Hardware dialog by choosing Options>Audio Hardware.  
The Audio Hardware dialog contains the following options:  
ASIO/WDM Switch  
This control switches the Audio Hardware dialog of Session between ASIO and WDM  
mode. For best performance in Session, use ASIO mode. Consult the documentation for  
your sound card to determine if it supports ASIO.  
Output and Input Device Selectors  
These controls set the Output Device (sound card) through which Session plays audio,  
and the Input Device (sound card) from which Session records audio. It is recommended  
that you select the same sound card for audio input and output.  
Buffer Size Selector  
This control sets the latency of Session. See the “About Latencysection found later in  
this guide for additional information.  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Use Low Latency Streaming Checkbox  
When checked, Session attempts to open the selected audio interface in low latency mode (WDM Kernel Streaming). While most  
sound cards should “openin this mode, results vary widely based on the sound card in use. See the “About Latencysection of this  
User Guide for further information on this.  
OK Button  
After making the desired settings, press the OK button to commit your changes and close the Audio Hardware dialog.  
Cancel Button  
Press the Cancel button to discard your changes and close the Audio Hardware dialog.  
About Latency  
Latency is loosely defined as the amount of time it takes for a sound made in Session to reach your speakers. For example, with  
a high latency (Buffer Size) setting, there will be a noticeable delay between the press of a key on KeyStudio 25, and the resultant  
sound. Smaller Buffer Size settings result in lower latency, but may not function well with slower systems. If you hear clicks and pops,  
the Buffer Size setting is too low. To adjust this setting of Session, open the Audio Hardware dialog (Options > Audio Hardware),  
select the desired buffer size from the Buffer Size selector, and then click the OK button.  
NOTE: Deselecting the “Low-Latency Streaming” checkbox may also reduce any clicks and pops in Session  
audio. This setting is only available if WDM is selected as the driver type.  
Upgrading your Sound Card  
If you find that your sound card is incapable of producing acceptable latency times, we recommend that you upgrade your sound  
Using KeyStudio with GarageBand  
The M-Audio Session software was created for use with Windows. However, the KeyStudio 25 hardware can be used with Macintosh  
OS X computers as well. KeyStudio 25 integrates seamlessly with the GarageBand music production software which comes pre-installed  
on many late-model Apple computers.  
To use KeyStudio 25 with GarageBand:  
1. Be sure KeyStudio is connected to your Mac OS X computer via the provided USB cable (See “Connect the KeyStudio 25  
Keyboard.)  
2. Launch GarageBand.  
3. Create a Software Instrument track by clicking Track > New Track > Software Instrument > Create, or select a pre-existing  
Software Instrument track. The default instrument GarageBand selects is a Grand Piano.  
When a Software Instrument is selected, clicking the  
button in the lower right corner of the GarageBand window will  
open the Track Info screen. From this area, you can select which instrument you would like to play.  
Provided your computer’s speakers are not muted or turned down, you will now hear sounds corresponding to notes you play  
on KeyStudio.  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
About MIDI and Software Synthesis  
If you are new to MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface), you may initially find it challenging to understand how KeyStudio interacts  
with the computer. However, as you use KeyStudio 25 along with Session, you’ll discover the benefits of using a software-based sound  
source and recording system such as: access to an extremely large array of high quality sounds, a large graphic user interface, the ability  
to change an instrument sound after the recording has been made, and the freedom to work with many music creation applications.  
A basic understanding of MIDI enables you to take advantage of its wealth of creative possibilities: MIDI data gives instructions on how  
a sound should play. These instructions dictate parameters such as what note to play, when to play it, how loud to play it, and which  
sound to use. State of the art music applications such as Session, contain “virtual instrumentsthat are capable of generating sound when  
MIDI data is sent to them. Data from the KeyStudio keyboard is transmitted to the sequencer program (e.g. Session), routed to a virtual  
instrument, and sent to an audio output, turning MIDI data into audible sounds. Much of this process is conveniently automated through  
Session software’s menus and graphical user interface, letting you focus on making music. For more information on Session, such as  
recording audio and using loops, see the Session User Guide available from the Session Help menu.  
The KeyStudio 25 Keyboard  
Controls and Connectors  
Top Panel  
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1. Keyboard – KeyStudio 25 has a two-octave, velocity sensitive keyboard. This controller features special “half-actionkeys which  
allow KeyStudio 25 to be thinner and more portable than traditional controller keyboards.  
2. Pitch Bend – This control lets you create expressive changes in your performances by raising and lowering pitch. Pressing the  
right side of the Pitch Bend control will raise an instrument’s pitch, whereas pressing the left side will lower the pitch. Once the  
Pitch Bend control is released, your instrument’s pitch will return to normal.  
Note that the upper and lower pitch bend limit is determined by settings on your hardware or software synthesizer (such as  
virtual Instruments used within Session), not by the Pitch Bend control on the KeyStudio 25 keyboard. Typically, this can be  
either a half note or an octave up or down.  
3. Modulation – This control is used to add expressivity to your performance by changing the intensity of certain effects. By  
default, most synthesizers assign this control to manipulate vibrato (change in intonation) or tremolo (change in volume)  
although it is usually possible to reassign the function of modulation through settings on the hardware or software synthesizer.  
The MIDI data range of the Modulation control is 0 to 127, with 0 being the note-unchanged position. Like the Pitch Bend wheel,  
the amount of actual modulation that takes place depends on your instrument’s settings.  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
4. Octave and Transpose Up/Down – By default, the Octave/Transpose Up/Down control “shiftsthe keyboard’s octave range in  
order to let you play higher or lower notes. Press the right side of the control to shift the keyboard up one octave; press the left  
side of the control to shift the keyboard down one octave. Note that it is possible to shift several octaves in each direction by  
pressing the left or right side of this control more than once.  
In some cases, it may be useful to increase or decrease the transmitted pitch of KeyStudio 25 by a small number of semitones,  
rather than a whole octave. For example, you may be playing a song with a singer and the singer is having trouble hitting the  
high or low notes. In this case, you can try raising or lowering the pitch by one or more semitones. This is achieved using a  
function called “Transpose.”  
To use the Transpose function:  
1. Press Octave/Transpose + and Octave/Transpose – together.  
2. Press the Octave/Transpose + or - key for every semi tone you want to transpose up or down.  
To make the Octave/Transpose control return to an Octave shift function, press the Advanced Function button, and the  
black key labeled CANCEL.  
5. Assignable Slider (C9) – This slider sends out MIDI Continuous Controller (CC) data, giving you real-time control over your MIDI  
hardware or software instruments. By default, this slider is set to control MIDI CC number 7. This corresponds to volume on most  
MIDI hardware devices and software applications.  
6. Function Buttons – These buttons are used to access various functions and features of the keyboard. They are described in the  
“Using the KeyStudio 25 Keyboardsection of this guide.  
7. LED Display – The LED screen displays MIDI functions and data selections.  
8. MIDI Controller Knobs (C1 – C8) – These eight MIDI Controller knobs give you real-time control over your MIDI hardware and  
software through MIDI Continuous Controller (CC) messages.  
9. MIDI Controller Buttons (C12 – C19) – Like the MIDI Controller knobs described above, these eight MIDI Controller buttons  
give you real-time control over your MIDI hardware and software through MIDI Continuous Controller (CC) messages.  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Rear Panel  
14  
10. Power Switch – This switch powers the unit on and off.  
13  
12 11  
10  
11. Sustain Pedal Input – Connect your sustain pedal’s 1⁄4connector to this jack. There is no need to worry about the polarity of  
the pedal—the keyboard detects the sustain pedal polarity by auto-sensing the pedal’s orientation during startup.  
12. MIDI Output – Connect this output to the input of a MIDI device using a standard 5-pin MIDI cable. By default, all MIDI data  
generated by KeyStudio 25 is sent out through this MIDI output as well as through the USB connection (if available). However,  
if KeyStudio 25 is connected to your computer via USB, it is possible to reconfigure this port so that it appears as a completely  
separate MIDI output port to your music software. Refer to the “Using the KeyStudio 25 Keyboardsection of this User Guide to  
learn how to engage “MIDI Out from USBmode.  
13. USB Connector – Connect a USB cable from this output to the host computer’s USB port. When using the USB connection,  
KeyStudio 25 is powered by the host computer and a power adapter is not required.  
14. Power Jack (9V DC, 500 mA) – Connect an optional 9V DC, 500mA external power supply to this jack. A power supply is only  
necessary if KeyStudio 25 is being used without a computer or if the computer is not able to provide adequate bus power to the  
controller.  
IMPORTANT: The KeyStudio 25 keyboard is “bus-powered” by your computer through the USB connection.  
Only use a power adapter if your computer cannot provide adequate power to the controller or if you are  
using KeyStudio 25 without a computer.  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Using the KeyStudio 25 Keyboard  
In many cases, once KeyStudio 25 has been installed, you can simply launch your music program and begin making music right away.  
Many programs will be able to use KeyStudio 25 “out of the boxand require no further configuration. Certain other programs may  
require you to select KeyStudio 25 as a MIDI input source or to map KeyStudio’s assignable MIDI controls (buttons, knobs, sliders, etc.) to  
whatever on-screen functions you would like to control. These steps are described further below.  
Configuring Your Software:  
Once the KeyStudio 25 keyboard is installed on your computer, all MIDI capable applications on your system should recognize  
the controller as a new MIDI input device. However, some applications may require you to configure the software to accept MIDI  
data being sent from the KeyStudio 25 keyboard. This is usually done through a “Control Panelor “Device Setupmenu in your  
application, but the specific process varies from program to program. Instructions on how to configure Session to accept MIDI data  
from KeyStudio 25 can be found in the “Getting Started Making Music with Sessionsection of this User Guide. Please consult your  
application’s documentation to learn how to select MIDI input devices.  
NOTE: In Windows XP, KeyStudio 25 will appear as “USB Audio Device” to your music software if the optional  
M-Audio drivers have not been installed. This is normal. If the M-Audio drivers have been installed, KeyStudio  
25 will appear as “USB O2 In.”  
Assigning KeyStudio 25’s Buttons, Knobs, or the Slider to Control  
Your Software:  
The KeyStudio 25 keyboard has a number of assignable MIDI controls (knobs, buttons, a slider, etc.) that can be used to control your  
music software. Each assignable control has its own unique MIDI Continuous Controller (CC) number. When you turn a knob, push a  
button, or move a fader, KeyStudio 25 sends out MIDI CC data that can be received and interpreted by your music software.  
Many of today’s music applications (such as Ableton Live, Propellerhead Reason, Native Instruments Traktor, and others) now include  
a “MIDI Learnfunction. This feature allows you to quickly assign the slider, buttons, or knobs of the KeyStudio 25 keyboard to control  
specific parameters within the software. The KeyStudio 25 keyboard can control any software that has this functionality.  
The “learnfunction varies from application to application and you will need to refer to your software’s user guide to find out how to  
use this feature.  
If your software does not have this functionality, it may still be possible to manually assign the program’s features to be controlled by  
the specific MIDI CC data generated by the slider, knobs, or buttons found on KeyStudio 25. Refer to your software’s user guide to see  
if this is possible.  
If manually assigning features is possible in your software, see the appendix of this guide for a complete listing of MIDI CC  
information generated by the slider, knobs, and buttons of the KeyStudio 25 keyboard.  
Finally, if your program does not feature “MIDI Learnor manual assignment of MIDI CC functions, you may still be able to control  
your music software by changing the mapping of KeyStudio 25’s assignable controls to match the MIDI CC numbers required by your  
music software. To find out how to do this, refer to the section entitled “KeyStudio 25 Advanced Featuresfound later in this guide.  
NOTE: Syntax, the software synthesizer of Session, includes over 250 preset patches (sounds). By default,  
many useful parameters of each patch are mapped to the slider and knobs found on the KeyStudio 25  
keyboard. This means you can modify the sound of the Syntax patches by adjusting the slider and knobs of  
the KeyStudio 25 keyboard.  
For a chart that describes which Syntax parameter is assigned to each KeyStudio 25 slider or knob,  
choose Help > Open User Manual in Session, and click the link titled “KeyStudio 25/Synth Patch Controller  
Assignments.”  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Sending Program Changes  
If your software or MIDI device supports “program changemessages, you can recall different presets (sounds) straight from the  
KeyStudio 25 keyboard without having to reach for the MIDI device (or computer). To send a program change message:  
1. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button.  
TIP: This function can also  
be used to set up the control  
parameters at the start of a  
2. Press the PROG CHG key on the keyboard.  
3. Enter the program number you wish to send, using the numerical data entry keys,  
or the DEC/INC buttons.  
song. If you set all the controller  
values to obtain the desired  
effect levels in your song, you  
can then record the Snap Shot  
to ensure the song will always  
play back with the correct  
effect levels. To do this, put your  
sequencer into record mode  
and press the Snap  
4. Press the ENTER key to confirm.  
Note that program change messages are sent on the “global” MIDI channel. The global  
channel can be changed using the procedure described further below.  
Sending Bank Changes  
If your MIDI device or software synthesizer contains more than 128 presets (sounds),  
then the presets will be organized into separate “banksof sounds. KeyStudio 25  
allows you to switch between banks straight from the keyboard without having to  
reach for the MIDI device (or computer). To send a bank change, before sending a  
program change message:  
Shot buttons.  
1. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button.  
2. Press the BANK LSB or BANK MSB key on the keyboard.  
3. Enter the bank number you wish to send using the numerical data entry keys, or the DEC/INC buttons.  
4. Press the ENTER key to confirm.  
5. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button.  
6. Press the PROG CHG key on the keyboard.  
7. Enter the program number you wish to recall in your new bank, using the numerical data entry keys, or the DEC/INC  
buttons.  
8. Press the ENTER key to confirm.  
To learn more about LSB and MSB, please refer to the “MIDI Messages In-Depth” section of this User Guide.  
NOTE: Bank change messages must be followed by a program change message for the bank change to take  
effect. Simply sending a bank change message by itself will not result in any changes in your MIDI hardware  
or software.  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Setting the Global MIDI Channel  
KeyStudio 25 can transmit on any of the standard 16 MIDI channels. If you are using a computer-based system, the software usually  
controls the routing of MIDI signals, and this parameter can be left in its default setting.  
However, if you are using KeyStudio 25 without a computer to control a MIDI device (such as a sound module), you will need to  
make sure that both your M-Audio KeyStudio 25 keyboard and the MIDI device are set to the same MIDI channel. KeyStudio 25 has a  
“GlobalMIDI channel setting that affects the keyboard, program/bank change messages, and any controllers (buttons, knobs, sliders,  
footswitch) that have been set to respond to the global channel.  
To set the Global MIDI Channel:  
1. Press the GLOBAL CHAN button. The keyboard enters Program Mode. The LED will display the currently selected Global  
Channel, preceded by a “c.”  
2. Enter the MIDI channel number using the numeric keys or use the DEC/INC keys.  
3. Press the ENTER key to accept the new channel.  
MIDI Out from USB Mode  
When KeyStudio 25 is connected to your computer via USB, all MIDI data generated by the keyboard is sent to your computer  
through the USB connection. By default, this same data is also “mirroredand sent out through the KeyStudio 25 MIDI Output port.  
However, KeyStudio 25’s “MIDI Out from USB Modemakes it possible to reconfigure the MIDI Output port so that it appears as a  
completely independent MIDI output to your music software. You can then use this port to control a separate MIDI device (such as a  
sound module or sampler) through your software (you will still be able to use KeyStudio 25 as a controller).  
To activate MIDI Out from USB mode:  
1. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button.  
2. Press the MIDI OUT key.  
The LED display will show “USB,indicating that the MIDI Out port is now independent of the local KeyStudio 25 keys and  
MIDI controls and will output data sent to the device from your music software.  
To deactivate MIDI Out from USB mode and return to normal operation, repeat the steps listed above. The LED display will  
show ‘Intindicating that the M-Audio KeyStudio 25 keyboard is once again sending mirrored data out of the USB and MIDI  
Output ports.  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
KeyStudio 25 Advanced Features  
This section deals with the more advanced features found within the KeyStudio 25 keyboard. We have included this information  
for “power userswho want to explore and use the keyboard’s in-depth features and additional capabilities to their full extent. This  
information is not required reading for most users and readers who are not interested in more advanced MIDI programming concepts  
can feel free to skip this section.  
Recalling Presets  
KeyStudio 25 is capable of storing five “presetscontaining all control assignments and keyboard configuration settings. Use the  
“DECand “INC“ buttons to step through the five available presets. The LED will display the preset number preceded by a “Pto  
indicate which preset is currently loaded.  
The following is a list of the five “factory default presetsthat have been pre-programmed into KeyStudio 25:  
< 01 GM Preset (preconfigured for use with Session)  
< 02 Reason Native  
< 03 Reason Mixer  
< 04 Yamaha XG/Roland JV Preset  
< 05 Undefined CC’s for MIDI learn*  
Note that these default settings can be modified to suit your particular needs (this is described below, beginning with the  
“Program Mode Overviewsection.)  
* Some applications do not have any default settings and require you to set the MIDI controllers for the application’s parameters  
yourself. This normally involves placing the application into a “MIDI Learn” mode, selecting an on-screen control and moving the  
hardware controller you wish to assign to it. When working with such an application, it is recommended that the controller numbers  
used by MIDI controls on the keyboard do not already have another function associated with them – this is how preset #5 is configured.  
Storing Presets  
KeyStudio 25 uses “non-volatilememory allowing presets to be stored even after the keyboard has been switched off. All controller  
and channel assignments are automatically stored under the current preset number as soon as you confirm a change—there is no  
need to “savethe preset. Additional settings are also stored including: the program number, bank LSB and bank MSB data, global  
channel setting, MIDI Out from USB configuration, and last used memory preset.  
Duplicating and Organizing Presets  
You may want to duplicate or reorganize the order of the presets on your KeyStudio 25 controller. For example, let’s say you wanted  
to copy preset #2 (“Reason Native”) to location #4. This can be done through the following procedure:  
1. Recall preset #2 by using the DEC/INC buttons.  
2. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button.  
3. Press the MEM STORE key on the keyboard.  
4. Enter “4using the numerical data entry keys or the DEC/INC buttons.  
5. Press the ENTER key to confirm.  
This will save or store the current setup to preset location #4. Note that this operation will overwrite the contents of the  
existing preset.  
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19  
Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Enigma Software  
Enigma is a powerful program that allows you to change the settings of any assignable slider, knob, or button on the KeyStudio 25  
through an easy-to-use graphical user interface. The program also allows you to store a virtually unlimited amount of presets on  
your computer’s hard drive—a handy tool for users who have created custom presets for each of their MIDI devices. The program is  
Refer to the Enigma User Guide to learn more about how to use the software with KeyStudio 25  
Sending a Snap Shot  
TIP: This function can also  
be used to set up the control  
parameters at the start of a  
song. If you set all the controller  
values to obtain the desired  
effect levels in your song, you  
can then record the Snap Shot  
to ensure the song will always  
play back with the correct  
effect levels. To do this, put your  
sequencer into record mode  
and press the Snap  
Snap Shot is a useful function that can be used to synchronize the receiving MIDI  
device with the controls on your keyboard. When you send a Snap Shot, the current  
value of each individual MIDI control (button, knob, slider, etc.) will be sent on the  
channel that the MIDI control is assigned to. This updates all of the parameters on  
your MIDI device with the current knob positions on KeyStudio 25. The function can  
also be used as a creative tool, often with interesting and surprising results.  
Press the GLOBAL CHAN and MUTE buttons together to send a “Snap Shot.”  
Muting All Controllers  
To temporarily mute the KeyStudio 25 fader and knobs, press the function button  
labeled MUTE. The LED displays “OFFwhen this function is engaged.  
Shot buttons.  
Mute allows you to alter the position of the slider and the knobs without affecting  
the settings of your software. Note that this function does not affect buttons, the foot switch, pitch bend and modulation controls, or  
the keyboard. When one of the aforementioned controls is used, mute is disengaged and all controllers are turned back on.  
Use this feature if you are switching between presets with the controllers out of position. You will be able to move the controller to a  
position relative to the software’s controller value, without causing the software’s controller value to jump.  
Program Mode Overview  
KeyStudio 25 has two modes of operation: Program mode and Performance mode. Most of the time, the controller stays in  
Performance mode so you can play regularly—Program mode is only used when you need to configure various parameters like knob  
assignments. Use the ADVANCED FUNCTION button to enter and exit Program mode (a small dot appears on the lower-right hand  
side of the display whenever you are in Program mode).  
<
Once you have entered Program mode, you can select different parameters to edit by pressing one of the keys on the left  
half of the keyboard. The function of each key is written directly above the key:  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
<
<
<
Each of the assignable controllers on KeyStudio 25 can send MIDI CC, RPN/NRPN, GM 1&2, and predefined SysEx messages on its  
own individual MIDI channel.  
Certain parameters require you to enter additional information such as the MIDI channel or CC number. Use the 0-9 keys (on the  
right hand side of the keyboard) or the DEC/INC buttons to set these values. The LED display will indicate the current value.  
If you’ve entered a number, use the Enter key to confirm the entry. If you’ve changed your mind, press the ADVANCED FUNCTION  
button to exit Program mode without changing any settings.  
Assigning MIDI CCs  
To edit a MIDI CC mapping for a button, knob, or slider:  
Alternate method for selecting controls  
To edit a controller, you must first select the control you wish  
to reassign. The simplest way of doing this is to turn or push  
whatever knob, button, or slider you wish to edit. This method  
is already mentioned throughout the various sections of this  
chapter. However, there is an alternate method of selecting a  
control for editing using the “CTRL SEL(Control Select) key.  
This method is as follows:  
1. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button and  
move or push the controller that you wish to  
assign.  
2. Press the CTRL ASGN key. The LED display  
will show the MIDI CC number of your  
selected controller.  
3. Enter a new MIDI CC value using the  
numerical data entry keys, or the DEC/INC  
buttons. The LED will display your new CC  
number.  
1. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button, then the  
CTRL SEL key.  
2. The LED will display the number of the currently  
selected controller, preceded by a “C.”  
4. Press the ENTER key to confirm the entry and  
exit Program mode.  
3. Enter the number of the controller using the numerical  
data entry keys, or the DEC/INC buttons.  
Assigning MIDI Channels  
The following procedure describes how to set any of  
the assignable controls on KeyStudio 25 to transmit on  
a unique MIDI channel:  
4. Press the ENTER key to confirm.  
This control is now selected for editing.  
1. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button and move or push the controller that you wish to assign.  
2. Press the CHAN ASGN key. The LED display will show the current channel assignment of the selected controller.  
3. Enter the new MIDI channel number using the numerical data entry keys or the DEC/INC buttons. The LED will display the  
new channel number.  
4. Press the ENTER key to confirm the entry and exit Program mode.  
Note: If a button, knob, or slider is assigned to channel 0, it will transmit on the Global Channel of KeyStudio 25.  
Reassigning MIDI CC for the Modulation Control  
To edit a MIDI CC mapping for the Modulation control:  
1. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button.  
2. Press the CTRL SEL key.  
3. Enter “10using the numerical data entry keys or the DEC/INC buttons. This number corresponds to the Pitch control (each  
slider, button, or knob’s control number is printed next to it on the KeyStudio 25 keyboard).  
4. Press the ENTER key to confirm the selection and exit Program mode.  
5. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button again.  
6. Press the CTRL ASGN key. The LED display will show the MIDI CC number of your selected controller.  
7. Enter a new MIDI CC value using the numerical data entry keys or the DEC/INC buttons. The LED display will show the new  
CC number.  
8. Press the ENTER key to confirm the entry and exit Program mode.  
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21  
Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Reassigning MIDI CC for the Pitch Control  
To edit a MIDI CC mapping for the Pitch Bend control:  
1. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button.  
2. Press the CTRL SEL key.  
3. Enter “10using the numerical data entry keys or the DEC/INC buttons. This number corresponds to the Modulation control  
(each slider, button, or knob’s control number is printed next to it on the KeyStudio 25 keyboard).  
4. Press the ENTER key to confirm the selection and exit Program mode.  
5. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button again.  
6. Press the CTRL ASGN key. The LED display will show the MIDI CC number of your selected controller.  
7. Enter a new MIDI CC value using the numerical data entry keys or the DEC/INC buttons. The LED will display your new CC  
number.  
8. Press the ENTER key to confirm the entry and exit Program mode.  
Reassigning MIDI CC for the Sustain Pedal input  
To edit a MIDI CC mapping for the Sustain footswitch:  
1. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION.  
2. Press the CTRL SEL key.  
3. Enter “20using the numerical data entry keys or the DEC/INC buttons. This number corresponds to the Sustain Pedal input  
(each slider, button, or knob’s control number is printed next to it on the KeyStudio 25 keyboard).  
4. Press the ENTER key to confirm the selection and exit Program mode.  
5. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button again.  
6. Press the CTRL ASGN key. The LED display will show the MIDI CC number of your selected controller.  
7. Enter a new MIDI CC value using the numerical data entry keys, or the DEC/INC buttons. The LED display will show the new  
CC number.  
8. Press the ENTER key to confirm the entry and exit Program mode.  
Limiting the Range of the Controls  
Normally, the range of a MIDI controller is 0 to 127. In some cases, you may wish to restrict the minimum or maximum limits of this  
range. A minimum restriction can be placed on knobs, faders, Pitch bend, or Modulation controls by doing the following:  
1. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button and move or push the controller that  
you wish to limit.  
TIP: If your DATA 2 (MIN)  
value is greater than the DATA  
3 (MAX) value, your control  
will work in “reverse.In other  
words, turning the control  
clockwise will cause the MIDI  
CC output data to decrease  
while turning counter-  
2. Press the DATA 2 (MIN) key. The LED will display the current Minimum limit of  
the controller.  
3. Enter the desired minimum value using the numerical data entry keys or the  
DEC/INC buttons.  
4. Press the ENTER key to confirm the entry and exit Program mode.  
If you would like to place a maximum limit:  
clockwise will cause the CC  
output to increase. This is useful  
in certain situations such as  
when you wish to use a slider  
like a drawbar on an organ.  
For standard operation, make  
sure your DATA 3 (MAX) value is  
higher than DATA 2 (MIN).  
1. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button and move or push the controller that you  
wish to limit.  
2. Press the DATA 3 (MAX) key. The LED will display the current maximum limit of  
the controller.  
3. Enter the desired maximum value using the numerical data entry keys or the  
DEC/INC buttons.  
4. Press the ENTER key to confirm the entry and exit Program mode.  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Using Controls to Increment or Decrement Values  
Buttons and the pedal can be set to decrement or increment MIDI data values within a defined range and one by one. This is useful  
if you need precise control over MIDI CC or you would like to use buttons to step forward or backward through programs (using a  
program change message). To do this:  
1. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button and push the footswitch or button you wish to modify.  
2. Press the CTRL ASGN key.  
3. Enter ‘153if you’d like to use the control to decrease a value (enter ‘154if you’d like to use the control to increase a value).  
4. Press the ENTER key to confirm.  
5. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button again, followed by the DATA 1 key.  
6. Enter the number of the MIDI CC you want the button to send out.  
7. Press the ENTER key to confirm.  
8. To define the range minimum, press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button, followed by the DATA 2 (MIN) key.  
9. Enter the desired minimum value using the numerical data entry keys or the DEC/INC buttons (e.g. 0).  
10. Press the ENTER key to confirm.  
11. To define the range maximum, press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button, followed by the DATA 3 (MAX) key.  
12. Enter the desired maximum value using the numerical data entry keys or the DEC/INC buttons (e.g. 127).  
13. Press the ENTER key to confirm.  
Setting Toggle Values for the Buttons  
The 8 assignable buttons and the pedal can each be assigned to toggle between two values by doing the following:  
1. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button and push the footswitch or button you wish to modify.  
2. Press the DATA 2 (MIN) key. The LED will display the current “lowvalue of the controller.  
3. Enter your new low value using the numerical data entry keys or the DEC/INC buttons.  
4. Press the ENTER key to confirm.  
5. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button again, followed by the DATA 3 (MAX) key.  
6. Enter the new “highvalue using the numerical data entry keys or the DEC/INC buttons.  
7. Press the ENTER key to confirm.  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
The procedure described above will toggle the value each time you press the button or footswitch. It is also possible to configure the  
control so that it sends one value when it is pressed, and another value when released. To do this:  
1. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button and push the footswitch or button you wish to modify.  
2. Press the CTRL ASGN key.  
3. Enter 146 using the numerical data entry keys or DEC/INC buttons. This sets the control for MIDI CC (On/O) mode.  
4. Press ENTER to confirm.  
5. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button again, followed by the DATA 1 key.  
6. Enter the number of the MIDI CC you want the button to send out.  
7. Press the ENTER key to confirm.  
8. Assign the two toggle values for “control press(DATA 3) and “control release(DATA 2) using the procedure described  
above.  
Assigning MIDI Machine Control (MMC) Commands to a Button  
1. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button and push the button you wish to modify.  
2. Press the CTRL ASGN key.  
3. Enter “149using the numerical data entry keys to indicate that you would like to assign an MMC command to your  
selected button (see Appendix B for a complete list of MIDI CC numbers and their corresponding commands).  
4. Press the ENTER key to confirm  
Number  
01  
MMC Command  
STOP  
5. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button, then the CHAN  
ASGN key.  
02  
PLAY  
6. Enter “127using the numerical keypad. This ensures that the  
message is sent to all device ID numbers.  
03  
DEFERRED PLAY  
FAST FORWARD  
REWIND  
04  
05  
7. Press the ENTER key to confirm.  
06  
RECORD STROBE  
RECORD EXIT  
RECORD PAUSE  
PAUSE  
8. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button, then the DATA 2 key.  
07  
9. Enter a number from the chart on the right to assign the  
corresponding MMC message to your selected button.  
08  
09  
10  
EJECT  
11  
CHASE  
12  
COMMAND ERROR RESET  
MMC RESET  
13  
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24  
Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Assigning a Note to a Button  
The following shows the procedure for setting a button to transmit a MIDI Note On message when pressed, and a MIDI Note Off  
message when released.  
1. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button and push the button you wish to modify.  
2. Press the CTRL ASGN key.  
3. Enter “147using the numerical data entry keys or the DEC/INC buttons. This is the MIDI CC number that corresponds to  
Note On/Off mode (see Appendix B for all MIDI CC numbers).  
4. Press the ENTER key to confirm.  
5. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button followed by the DATA 3 key.  
6. Enter “100using the numerical data entry keys or the DEC/INC buttons. This will result in a “Note Onmessage with a  
velocity of 100 when your selected button is pressed. If you would like a different velocity, enter that velocity instead of  
“100.”  
7. Press the ENTER key to confirm.  
8. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button followed by the DATA 2 key.  
9. Enter “0using the numerical data entry keys or the DEC/INC buttons. This will result in a “Note Offcommand being sent  
out when your selected button is released.  
10. Press the ENTER key to confirm.  
11. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button followed by the DATA 1 key.  
12. Enter “64using the numerical data entry keys or the DEC/INC buttons. This results in MIDI Note 64 or E4 each time the  
button is pressed. To play a different note, enter a different value here (MIDI Note numbers are listed in Appendix E).  
13. Press the ENTER key to confirm.  
Assigning RPN/NRPN to a Fader or Knob  
Non-registered parameter numbers (NRPN’s) are device-specific messages that enable you to control synthesizers and sound  
modules via MIDI. The MIDI specification defines open parameter numbers to allow manufacturers to specify their own controllers.  
Some of the more common messages are now registered by the MIDI Manufacturer’s Association and are part of the MIDI  
specification (hence the term Registered Parameter Numbers – RPN’s).  
Each NRPN/RPN has an associated 2-byte number. The two bytes allow for 128 values each. (An RPN or NRPN message is made up  
of two parts: the MSB and the LSB message. Both of these messages together constitute an RPN or NRPN command.) This allows for  
16,384 values in total.  
MIDI controllers 98 and 99 represent the NRPN LSB and MSB respectively, while 100 and 101 represent the RPN LSB and MSB  
messages (see the MIDI controllers list in Appendix B). To transmit an NRPN/RPN message, these LSB and MSB controller messages  
are sent along with their user-specified values. A further controller message and value needs to be sent to specify the (coarse or fine)  
value adjustment. This is specified by controller number 6 (data entry) for coarse adjustments or number 38 for fine adjustments.  
A list of NRPN’s is usually given in the user’s manual of any device that receives NRPN messages. It is always necessary that the NRPN  
MSB and LSB be sent together. Both will be specified in the device’s manual.  
To assign an RPN/NRPN message to a fader or knob:  
1. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button and move the fader or knob you wish to assign.  
2. Press the CTRL ASGN key and enter “132for RPN Coarse, “133for RPN Fine, “134for NRPN Coarse, or “135for NRPN Fine  
using the numerical data entry keys or DEC/INC buttons.  
3. Press ENTER key to confirm your selection.  
4. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button, then the DATA 3 key.  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
5. Enter your RPN/NRPN MSB value and press the ENTER key to confirm.  
6. Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button, then the DATA 2 key. This assigns the number for the RPN/NRPN LSB.  
7. Enter your RPN/NRPN LSB value and press the ENTER key to confirm.  
8. Finally, press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button, then the CHAN ASGN key.  
9. Enter the channel that the message should be sent on.  
10. Press the ENTER key to confirm your selection.  
Note: Many specification sheets for synthesizers and other MIDI devices make use of NRPN messages and  
will give the MSB and LSB values that should be entered for DATA 3 and DATA 2 (See Appendix G). Some  
sheets may only list the values in hexadecimal format, but the M-Audio KeyStudio 25 requires each value to  
be entered as a decimal. Use Appendix C at the end of this User Guide to convert hexadecimal values into  
decimal.  
About SysEx Messages and Device ID  
MIDI SysEx messages (memory dump, all notes off, master tune, etc.) are global MIDI messages that are not MIDI channel-specific.  
This means SysEx messages are not transmitted on specific MIDI channels. Instead, SysEx transmits a Device ID number along with  
any SysEx message. This ID is used to uniquely address a particular destination device within your MIDI setup. Device IDs range  
between 00–127. To send a SysEx message to a particular device in your MIDI setup, find out which Device ID it responds to, then  
assign the same Device ID to KeyStudio 25 before starting the transmission.  
For most devices, the Device ID is pre-configured at 127 at the factory. Device ID 127 plays a special role, as it can be read by all  
connected devices, regardless of their individual Device ID setting.  
As an example, a device with device ID 50 will not only accept messages that are using Device ID 50, but also messages with Device  
ID 127. SysEx messages with any other Device ID are ignored.  
The Device ID for a SysEx message assigned to a controller can be changed using the DEV ID key. This key is used for varying the  
global Device ID of the M-Audio KeyStudio 25.  
Assigning the Device ID  
Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button, then the DEV ID key to assign a Device ID to the M-Audio KeyStudio 25. When the DEV ID  
key is pressed, the LED display indicates the assigned Device ID. It is possible to enter a new device ID using the numerical data entry  
keys, or the +/- buttons. Press the ENTER key to confirm.  
If a SysEx message is sent from a device with a Device ID of 127, that message can be read by all attached MIDI receiving hardware  
regardless of their Device ID settings. If a SysEx message is created by a device with a Device ID other than 127, the SysEx message  
will only be processed by devices with an identical Device ID. The sent SysEx message will be ignored by devices with a Device ID that  
doesn’t match that of the sending device.  
Memory Dump  
Press the ADVANCED FUNCTION button followed by the MEM DUMP key to send out a number of SysEx data packets that represent  
the 5 user-defined or factory-set presets of the M-Audio KeyStudio 25. This can be used for storing or backing up the contents of the  
memory presets externally.  
It is possible to record a Memory Dump to a standard MIDI sequencer track, much like how you would record notes on a MIDI  
sequencer track. You can recall the Memory Dump you recorded by playing back the MIDI track containing the recorded Memory  
Dump, making sure that the M-Audio KeyStudio 25 is selected as the MIDI output for that particular track.  
The current controller assignments are not immediately affected by a Memory Dump, or a memory location that is sent to the  
keyboard. You first need to recall a preset to access the uploaded new settings after a memory dump has been sent to the keyboard.  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
MIDI Messages In-Depth  
Program & Bank Changes  
When the MIDI standard was first established,  
it enabled the user to access only 128 different  
sounds using program change messages (0-127).  
As MIDI devices grew to be more sophisticated  
and contain more sounds, bank change messages  
were included in an updated MIDI specification to  
allow for more than 128 sounds to be accessed.  
"ANK -3"  
"ANK ,3"  
0ROGRAM  
0ROGRAM ꢀ  
0ROGRAM ꢁ  
0ROGRAM ꢂ  
"ANK ,3" ꢀ  
"ANK ,3" ꢁ  
"ANK ,3" ꢂ  
0ROGRAM ꢁꢂꢃ  
The language MIDI uses to communicate between  
musical instruments only allows for program  
change commands 0-127, for a total of 128  
possible programs (127 programs + program  
“0= 128 programs total). Because of inherent  
limitations of the MIDI communication protocol,  
the number of directly accessible programs  
(using program change messages) cannot easily  
be expanded beyond 128. Thus, a system of  
banks, with 128 sounds in each, has been created  
that enables manufacturers to overcome the  
128-sound MIDI limit.  
0ROGRAM ꢀ  
0ROGRAM ꢁ  
0ROGRAM ꢂ  
"ANK -3" ꢀ  
0ROGRAM ꢁꢂꢃ  
0ROGRAM ꢀ  
0ROGRAM ꢁ  
0ROGRAM ꢂ  
"ANK ,3" ꢁꢂꢃ  
0ROGRAM ꢁꢂꢃ  
0ROGRAM ꢀ  
0ROGRAM ꢁ  
0ROGRAM ꢂ  
"ANK ,3" ꢀ  
"ANK ,3" ꢁ  
"ANK ,3" ꢂ  
0ROGRAM ꢁꢂꢃ  
0ROGRAM ꢀ  
0ROGRAM ꢁ  
0ROGRAM ꢂ  
"ANK -3" ꢁ  
128 Banks with 128 sounds in each bank is the  
basic principle used to expand the number of  
accessible sounds. However, to avoid reaching the  
new limit of the resulting 16,384 possible sounds  
(128 banks x 128 programs) accessible using a  
bank change combined with a program change,  
another layer of banks was added. The result is a  
system of 128 banks that can contain 128 sub-  
banks in each of them, which, in turn, can contain  
128 sounds (programs) within them.Bank change  
messages are useful when calling up sounds from  
a large library that may exist in a particular sound  
module or software synth. For example devices  
that are built with Roland’s GS specification or  
Yamaha’s XG specification require you to specify  
a bank change in order to access the extra voices  
and effects that these devices provide.  
0ROGRAM ꢁꢂꢃ  
0ROGRAM ꢀ  
0ROGRAM ꢁ  
0ROGRAM ꢂ  
"ANK ,3" ꢁꢂꢃ  
0ROGRAM ꢁꢂꢃ  
0ROGRAM ꢀ  
0ROGRAM ꢁ  
0ROGRAM ꢂ  
"ANK ,3" ꢀ  
"ANK ,3" ꢁ  
"ANK ,3" ꢂ  
0ROGRAM ꢁꢂꢃ  
0ROGRAM ꢀ  
0ROGRAM ꢁ  
0ROGRAM ꢂ  
"ANK -3" ꢂ  
0ROGRAM ꢁꢂꢃ  
0ROGRAM ꢀ  
0ROGRAM ꢁ  
0ROGRAM ꢂ  
"ANK ,3" ꢁꢂꢃ  
"ANK -3" ꢁꢂꢃ  
0ROGRAM ꢁꢂꢃ  
MIDI CC 0 is the bank select MSB (Most Significant  
Byte) message. This MIDI message is 7-bit in size  
and can be used to select any of 128 banks. This  
message can be used in conjunction with MIDI  
CC 32 which is bank select LSB (Least Significant Byte): a separate 7-bit message allowing additional selection of any of another 128  
sub-banks. The combination of Bank MSB and LSB messages gives a 14-bit message that can select any of a possible 16,384 banks.  
Each bank can in turn contain 128 possible sounds selected via a separate program change MIDI message. This enables a user to  
theoretically recall over two million programs directly, using only MIDI commands. However, most devices only use a few different  
banks, and allow you to access them with either a Bank LSB message or a Bank MSB message. Please consult your synthesizer’s or  
software’s documentation for more information on which type of bank change messages they can process.”  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
You will find many MIDI devices respond to program change commands and many are organized according to the GM listing. In  
General MIDI devices, different sounds are organized in the same way from device to device. Piano sounds are in their particular  
place, string sounds are in their place, drum sounds are in their place, and so on. All GM devices (both hardware and software sound  
modules) are clearly labeled as such, so you know that their sounds are organized in the General MIDI structure. When a GM device  
receives a MIDI program change, it calls up a type of sound that you expect from the GM sound set. All non-GM MIDI sound modules  
call up unique sounds from their memory upon receiving MIDI program changes. Since the sounds in a non-GM device are not  
arranged in a particular order, you need to take a look at the device itself to see which sound you want and at which location in the  
memory it resides. Many VST instruments such as Native InstrumentsFM7 or the synth modules in Propellerhead Reason are non-GM  
devices.  
You can send program change, bank LSB and bank MSB messages directly from the KeyStudio keyboard. Please consult the  
“Advanced KeyStudio 25 Features in Edit Mode“ section of this User Guide for further details.  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Troubleshooting  
The KeyStudio 25 keyboard has been tested under a wide variety of conditions. Despite our thorough testing, the controller can be used  
in virtually limitless situations and certain scenarios may result in unexpected performance. This section will highlight some of the most  
common difficulties users may experience and provide tips to remedy these problems. If you have read this section and still cannot  
resolve an issue you are experiencing, please feel free to contact M-Audio technical support for further assistance.  
Problem 1: My KeyStudio 25 suddenly stopped working after having performed fine since installation.  
Close any music applications you are using, switch the KeyStudio 25 off, and restart your computer. Once your computer has  
restarted, switch the KeyStudio 25 back on and try again.  
Problem 2: I have connected a sustain pedal to my M-Audio keyboard, but its operation is reversed.  
The KeyStudio 25 keyboard determines the polarity of a sustain pedal when the controller is switched on. The sustain pedal is  
assumed to be in the OFF position (i.e., not pressed) when the keyboard is turned on. To ensure proper operation, make sure  
the pedal is not pressed during start up.  
Problem 3: The keyboard does not trigger sounds in my music software.  
See if your music software features a “MIDI inputor “MIDI activityindicator. Most programs have a MIDI activity indicator  
that can be used to confirm whether MIDI data from the keyboard is reaching the software. If the software is not receiving any  
MIDI data, be sure the controller is properly installed and is selected as a MIDI input device within your software. Refer to your  
software’s documentation to learn how to configure and select MIDI input devices.  
If the MIDI activity display indicates that MIDI data is reaching your software, then you may not be hearing sounds because the  
MIDI data is not being routed correctly through the software itself. Refer your software’s documentation to learn how to route  
MIDI data properly.  
Problem 4: The controller is connected to my computer through USB but it does not seem to turn on.  
Make sure the power switch is in the “Onposition. If this does not remedy the problem, the keyboard may not be receiving  
adequate power from your computer. Try plugging the controller into a different USB port or powered USB hub. Alternatively,  
you may try connecting a 9V DC, 500mA external power supply to the Power jack on the rear of the keyboard.  
Problem 5: My music software (or hardware) always recalls the preset next to the program number that I have sent to it from the  
KeyStudio 25. For example, if I send a program change with the number 40 (Violin), my software loads sound number 41 (Viola).  
Some General MIDI modules count their sound patches from 1 – 128 instead of 0-127. Both methods are common. As a result,  
there may be an offset of +/-1 between the sent program change number and the recalled sound patch.  
Problem 6: I have modified my KeyStudio 25 settings but would like to go back to its “factory defaultsettings.  
To reset KeyStudio 25 to its “factory defaultsettings, first switch the keyboard off. Next (while the controller is still o), press  
and hold both Preset +/- buttons and turn the unit on. Note that restoring the factory presets will erase all setups you have  
stored to memory.  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Problem 7: When I press a key, or attempt to monitor my microphone or instrument input, there is a noticeable delay before I hear  
any sound.  
This phenomenon is known as latency. On certain audio interfaces, latency may be  
adjusted by changing the buffer size setting in the audio interface’s control panel. Consult  
your audio interface’s documentation to learn if it is possible to reduce latency on your  
system.  
M-Audio builds a variety  
of low latency ASIO-  
compatible devices that can  
help resolve latency issues  
you may be experiencing.  
If you are on a budget, the  
inexpensive M-Audio Micro  
interface will provide low  
latency performance at an  
extraordinarily low price  
point to help you make better  
music with Session and other  
applications.  
The goal is to set the buffer size as low as possible without experiencing artifacts in the  
audio. Faster computers generally allow for smaller buffer size settings, and thus less  
latency. If there is a large delay between what you play on the keyboard, and what  
you hear from your virtual instrument in Session, you can try to lower the audio buffer  
size within Session.  
If your audio interface supports ASIO, click Options > Audio Hardware. Make sure the ASIO  
radio button is selected, then click “ASIO Settingsto open the control panel for your ASIO  
interface. The control panel features that are available depend on the make and model of  
your audio interface. Locate the buffer size and/or latency control and lower the buffer size  
and/or latency time.  
If your audio interface does not support ASIO, click Options > Audio Hardware. Select the  
WDM radio button, then choose a lower value from the “Buffer Sizemenu.  
Some WDM compatible sound cards deliver improved latency when activating the “Use Low Latency Streamingcheck box.  
However, not every audio interface is compatible with this mode.  
Problem 8: I am unable to input monitor through Session.  
Click the Input Monitor button, enabling the Input Monitor feature. This allows you to play or sing through Session, known as  
input monitoring. Depending on the proximity of your microphone or guitar to your speakers, and the volume setting of your  
speakers, there is potential for feedback (a loud, screeching noise). Be sure to turn your speaker volume down before pressing  
the Input Monitor button. After pressing the Input Monitor button, gradually increase your speaker volume to a safe level.  
Optionally, Session can press the Input Monitor button automatically for the selected Track. This option is disabled by default  
to protect your ears and speakers. To turn this option on, select Auto Input Monitor Selected Audio Track from the Track menu,  
located at the top of the Session window.  
Alternatively, if you are using a professional or semi-professional audio interface, your device may feature “hardware  
monitoringallowing an input to be sent directly to the audio outputs. This method bypasses your audio software (and buffers)  
and allows you to hear the inputs with virtually no latency. Consult your audio interface’s documentation to learn how to use  
this feature.  
Problem 9: I hear a loud screeching sound after creating or selecting an audio track.  
If you are using speakers, and your microphone is too close to the speakers, you may experience feedback. To solve this issue,  
< Lower your speaker’s volume.  
< Disable Auto Input Monitor Selected Audio Track from the Track menu in the Menu bar. If you choose this option, make  
sure to press this button when you need to monitor through the track.  
In general, it is good practice to turn your speakers off while recording, and listen with headphones.  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Problem 10: I hear crackles, clicks, or pops when playing or recording audio.  
Make sure that Session’s Master Volume control does not indicate clipping. This control indicates clipping by drawing two red  
dots at the far right edge of the volume meter. If you see clipping, move the Master Volume control slider to the left. If you hear  
crackles, clicks, pops, or other artifacts while recording or input monitoring through a track, lower your microphone or guitar  
signal until the track stops clipping. Crackles, clicks, pops, or other artifacts also occur when your computer cannot keep up  
with the current task. To solve this problem in Session, click Options > Audio Hardware > ASIO Settings > Latency, and drag the  
slider upwards. Repeat this process if this problem continues.  
Problem 11: The KeyStudio does not trigger sounds in Session.  
Go To Options > MIDI Hardware and make sure “USB Audio Deviceor “USB O2 Inis selected in the Input Port box. Also make  
sure a track for keyboard playback and recording is selected.  
Problem 12: Synth Patches and MultiFX Presets do not load.  
It is likely that you moved the Factory and/or User Content Folders. If you moved the Factory Content Folder, you can point  
Session to it by choosing Locate Factory Content Folder from the Options Menu. If you moved the User Content Folder, you can  
point Session to it by choosing Set User Content Folder from the Options Menu.  
Problem 13: After adding more sample content, the new content does not display in the Track Browsers.  
When manually adding new content to Session (copying new files into Session’s Content Folders), you must re-scan the Content  
Library by choosing Re-Scan Content Categories from the Category Manager.  
Problem 14: The Composition sounds distorted.  
If your Composition sounds distorted, you may need to lower the overall volume of the Composition by adjusting the Master  
Volume control, located at the top right of the Session window. If the level is loud enough to cause distortion, you will see two  
red dots at the far right end of the Master Volume control.  
Problem 15: The Session software operates very slowly, and is very system-resource intensive.  
This problem may be solved by downloading and installing a more current driver from your specific graphics card  
manufacturer’s website.  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Appendices - Useful MIDI Data  
Appendix A: MIDI Implementation Chart  
Function  
Basic  
Transmitted  
Received  
Remarks  
Default  
1-16  
X
Channel  
Mode  
Changed  
Default  
1-16  
---------  
Messages  
Altered  
X
X
*********  
Note  
0-127  
X
X
X
Number  
Velocity  
True Voice  
Note ON  
Note OFF  
Keys  
*********  
0
X
After  
X
Touch  
Ch’s  
0
Pitch Bend  
Control  
Change  
Program  
Change  
System  
0
X
X
X
0-119  
0
0
120-127  
0-127  
X
True Number  
*********  
GM, GM2, MMC  
Memory Dump  
Exclusive  
System  
Song Position  
Song Select  
Clock  
X
X
X
X
0
X
X
Common  
System  
Exclusive  
Commands  
Aux  
Messages  
Local ON/  
OFF  
All Notes OFF  
Active Sense  
Reset  
0
X
0
0
Notes  
0 = YES  
X=NO  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Appendix B: Assignable MIDI CC’s on KeyStudio 25  
Table B1: Knobs and fader assignments  
MIDI CC  
0-119  
120-127  
128  
Description  
Data LSB  
Data MSB  
Standard MIDI CC’s  
Channel Mode Messages  
Pitch Bend Sensitivity  
Channel Fine Tune  
Channel Coarse Tune  
Channel Pressure  
RPN Coarse  
-
-
-
-
-
-
129  
-
-
130  
-
-
131  
-
-
132  
RPN LSB  
RPN LSB  
NRPN LSB  
NRPN LSB  
Volume LSB  
Pan LSB  
Tuning LSB  
Tuning LSB  
Mod rate  
Mod depth  
Feedback level  
Reverb send level  
Pitch shift LSB  
-
RPN MSB  
133  
RPN Fine  
RPN MSB  
134  
NRPN Coarse  
NRPN MSB  
135  
NRPN Fine  
NRPN MSB  
136  
Master Volume GM*  
Master Pan GM*  
Volume MSB  
137  
Pan MSB  
138  
Master Coarse Tune GM*  
Master Fine Tune GM*  
Chorus Mod Rate GM2*  
Chorus Mod Depth GM2*  
Feedback GM2*  
Tuning MSB  
139  
Tuning MSB  
140  
-
141  
-
142  
-
143  
Send to Reverb GM2*  
Pitch Bend  
-
144  
Pitch shift MSB  
-
255  
Controller Off  
*
SysEx messages  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Table B2: Buttons and Sustain Pedal Assignments  
MIDI CC  
0-119  
Description  
Program  
Data LSB  
Data MSB  
Standard MIDI CC’s  
-
-
Toggle value 2  
Toggle value 2  
Toggle value 1  
Toggle value 1  
120-127  
Channel Mode  
Messages  
128  
129  
130  
131  
132  
133  
134  
135  
136  
137  
138  
Pitch Bend Range  
Channel Fine Tune  
Channel Coarse Tune  
Channel Pressure  
RPN Coarse  
-
Sensitivity value  
Tuning amount  
Tuning amount  
Pressure amount  
RPN LSB  
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Value  
RPN MSB  
RPN MSB  
NRPN MSB  
NRPN MSB  
Volume MSB  
Pan MSB  
Tuning MSB  
RPN Fine  
Value  
RPN LSB  
NRPN Coarse  
Value  
NRPN LSB  
NRPN Fine  
Value  
NRPN LSB  
Master Volume GM*  
Master Pan GM*  
-
-
-
Volume LSB  
Pan LSB  
Master Coarse Tune  
GM*  
Tuning LSB  
139  
140  
Master Fine Tune GM*  
-
-
Tuning LSB  
Mod rate  
Tuning MSB  
-
Chorus Mod Rate  
GM2*  
141  
Chorus Mod Depth  
GM2*  
-
Mod depth  
-
142  
143  
144  
145  
146  
147  
148  
149  
150  
151  
152  
153  
154  
255  
Feedback GM2*  
Send to Reverb GM2*  
Pitch Bend  
-
Feedback level  
Reverb send level  
Pitch shift LSB  
Bank LSB  
Button press value  
Velocity off  
Velocity off  
Command select  
Type  
-
-
-
-
Pitch shift MSB  
Program/Bank Preset  
MIDI CC (on/off)  
Note (on/off)  
Program  
Bank MSB  
MIDI CC  
Button release value  
Note  
Velocity on  
Note (on/off toggle)  
MMC Command**  
Reverb Type GM2 *  
Reverb Time GM2 *  
Chorus Type GM2*  
MIDI CC Decrement  
MIDI CC Increment  
Controller Off  
Note  
Velocity on  
-
-
-
-
-
Time  
-
-
Type  
-
MIDI CC  
MIDI CC  
-
Start value  
Start value  
-
End value  
End value  
-
*SysEx messages  
**MMC SysEx messages  
Table B3: MMC Command Numbers  
Number  
01  
MMC Command  
STOP  
Number  
08  
MMC Command  
RECORD PAUSE  
PAUSE  
02  
PLAY  
09  
03  
DEFERRED PLAY  
FAST FORWARD  
REWIND  
10  
EJECT  
04  
11  
CHASE  
05  
12  
COMMAND ERROR RESET  
MMC RESET  
06  
RECORD STROBE  
RECORD EXIT  
13  
07  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Appendix C: Hexadecimal Conversion Chart  
Hexadecimal Value  
Decimal Value  
Hexadecimal Value  
Decimal Value  
Hexadecimal Value Decimal Value  
0
0
2B  
2C  
2D  
2E  
2F  
30  
31  
32  
33  
34  
35  
36  
37  
38  
39  
3A  
3B  
3C  
3D  
3E  
3F  
40  
41  
42  
43  
44  
45  
46  
47  
48  
49  
4A  
4B  
4C  
4D  
4E  
4F  
50  
51  
52  
53  
54  
55  
43  
44  
45  
46  
47  
48  
49  
50  
51  
52  
53  
54  
55  
56  
57  
58  
59  
60  
61  
62  
63  
64  
65  
66  
67  
68  
69  
70  
71  
72  
73  
74  
75  
76  
77  
78  
79  
80  
81  
82  
83  
84  
85  
56  
57  
58  
59  
5A  
5B  
5C  
5D  
5E  
5F  
60  
61  
62  
63  
64  
65  
66  
67  
68  
69  
6A  
6B  
6C  
6D  
6E  
6F  
70  
71  
72  
73  
74  
75  
76  
77  
78  
79  
7A  
7B  
7C  
7D  
7E  
7F  
86  
1
1
87  
2
2
88  
3
3
89  
4
4
90  
5
5
91  
6
6
92  
7
7
93  
8
8
94  
9
9
95  
0A  
0B  
0C  
0D  
0E  
0F  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
17  
18  
19  
1A  
1B  
1C  
1D  
1E  
1F  
20  
21  
22  
23  
24  
25  
26  
27  
28  
29  
2A  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
17  
18  
19  
20  
21  
22  
23  
24  
25  
26  
27  
28  
29  
30  
31  
32  
33  
34  
35  
36  
37  
38  
39  
40  
41  
42  
96  
97  
98  
99  
100  
101  
102  
103  
104  
105  
106  
107  
108  
109  
110  
111  
112  
113  
114  
115  
116  
117  
118  
119  
120  
121  
122  
123  
124  
125  
126  
127  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Appendix D: General MIDI Preset Specification  
Piano  
Bass  
Reed  
Synth Effects  
0 Acoustic Grand Piano  
32 Acoustic Bass  
64 Soprano Sax  
96 SFX Rain  
1 Bright Acoustic Piano  
2 Electric grand Piano  
3 Honky Tonk Piano  
4 Electric Piano 1  
5 Electric Piano 2  
6 Harpsichord  
33 Fingered Bass  
34 Electric Picked Bass  
35 Fretless Bass  
36 Slap Bass 1  
65 Alto Sax  
97 SFX Soundtrack  
98 SFX Crystal  
66 Tenor Sax  
67 Baritone Sax  
68 Oboe  
99 SFX Atmosphere  
100 SFX Brightness  
101 SFX Goblins  
102 SFX Echoes  
103 SFX Sci-Fi  
37 Slap Bass 2  
69 English Horn  
70 Bassoon  
71 Clarinet  
38 Syn Bass 1  
7 Clavinet  
39 Syn Bass 2  
Chromatic Percussion  
Strings/Orchestra  
Pipe  
Ethnic  
8 Celesta  
40 Violin  
72 Piccolo  
104 Sitar  
9 Glockenspiel  
10 Music Box  
11 Vibraphone  
12 Marimba  
41 Viola  
73 Flute  
105 Banjo  
106 Shamisen  
107 Koto  
42 Cello  
74 Recorder  
75 Pan Flute  
76 Bottle Blow  
77 Shakuhachi  
78 Whistle  
79 Ocarina  
43 Contrabass  
44 Tremolo Strings  
45 Pizzicato Strings  
46 Orchestral Harp  
47 Timpani  
108 Kalimba  
109 Bag Pipe  
110 Fiddle  
111 Shanai  
13 Xylophone  
14 Tubular bells  
15 Dulcimer  
Organ  
Ensemble  
Synth Lead  
Percussive  
16 Drawbar Organ  
17 Percussive Organ  
18 Rock Organ  
48 String Ensemble 1  
49 String Ensemble 2  
50 Syn Strings 1  
51 Syn Strings 2  
52 Choir Aahs  
80 Syn Square Wave  
81 Syn Sawtooth Wave  
82 Syn Calliope  
112 Tinkle Bell  
113 Agogo  
114 Steel Drums  
115 Woodblock  
116 Taiko Drum  
117 Melodic Tom  
118 Syn Drum  
19 Church Organ  
20 Reed Organ  
21 Accordion  
83 Syn Chiff  
84 Syn Charang  
53 Voice Oohs  
85 Syn Voice  
22 Harmonica  
54 Syn Choir  
86 Syn Sawtooth Wave  
87 Syn Brass & Lead  
23 Tango Accordion  
55 Orchestral Hit  
119 Reverse Cymbal  
Guitar  
Brass  
Synth Pad  
Sound Effects  
24 Nylon Acoustic  
25 Steel Acoustic  
26 Jazz Electric  
27 Clean Electric  
28 Muted Electric  
29 Overdrive  
56 Trumpet  
88 New Age Syn Pad  
89 Warm Syn Pad  
90 Polysynth Syn Pad  
91 Choir Syn Pad  
92 Bowed Syn Pad  
93 Metal Syn Pad  
94 Halo Syn Pad  
120 Guitar Fret Noise  
121 Breath Noise  
122 Seashore  
57 Trombone  
58 Tuba  
59 Muted Trumpet  
60 French Horn  
61 Brass Section  
61 Syn Brass 1  
62 Syn Brass 2  
123 Bird Tweet  
124 Telephone Ring  
125 Helicopter  
126 Applause  
30 Distorted  
31 Harmonics  
95 Sweep Syn Pad  
127 Gun Shot  
Appendix E: MIDI Note Numbers  
Octave (n)  
Note Numbers  
Cn  
0
C#n  
Dn  
2
D#n  
3
En  
4
Fn  
5
F#n  
6
Gn  
G#n  
8
An  
9
A#n  
10  
Bn  
11  
23  
35  
47  
59  
71  
83  
95  
-1  
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
7
12  
24  
36  
48  
60  
72  
84  
13  
25  
37  
49  
61  
73  
85  
14  
26  
38  
50  
62  
74  
86  
15  
27  
39  
51  
63  
75  
87  
16  
28  
40  
52  
64  
76  
88  
17  
29  
41  
53  
65  
77  
89  
18  
30  
42  
54  
66  
78  
90  
19  
31  
43  
55  
67  
79  
91  
20  
32  
44  
56  
68  
80  
92  
21  
33  
45  
57  
69  
81  
93  
22  
34  
46  
58  
70  
82  
94  
7
8
9
96  
97  
98  
99  
100  
112  
124  
101  
113  
125  
102  
114  
126  
103  
115  
127  
104  
116  
105  
117  
106  
118  
107  
119  
108  
120  
109  
121  
110  
122  
111  
123  
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Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Appendix F: Standard MIDI Controller Numbers (MIDI CC’s)  
00  
01  
02  
03  
04  
05  
06  
07  
08  
09  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
17  
18  
19  
20  
21  
22  
23  
24  
25  
26  
27  
28  
29  
30  
31  
32  
33  
Bank Select  
34  
35  
36  
37  
38  
39  
40  
41  
42  
43  
44  
45  
46  
47  
48  
49  
50  
51  
52  
53  
54  
55  
56  
57  
58  
59  
60  
61  
62  
63  
64  
65  
66  
67  
Breath Control LSB  
Controller 35  
Foot Control LSB  
Porta Time LSB  
Data Entry LSB  
Channel Volume LSB  
Balance LSB  
68  
69  
70  
71  
72  
73  
74  
75  
76  
77  
78  
79  
80  
81  
82  
83  
84  
85  
86  
87  
88  
89  
90  
91  
92  
93  
94  
95  
96  
97  
98  
99  
Legato Pedal  
102 Controller 102  
103 Controller 103  
104 Controller 104  
105 Controller 105  
106 Controller 106  
107 Controller 107  
108 Controller 108  
109 Controller 109  
Modulation  
Hold 2  
Breath Control  
Controller 3  
Sound Variation  
Resonance  
Foot Control  
Porta Time  
Release Time  
Attack Time  
Data Entry  
Cut-off Frequency  
Controller 75  
Controller 76  
Controller 77  
Controller 78  
Controller 79  
Gen Purpose 5  
Gen Purpose 6  
Gen Purpose 7  
Gen Purpose 8  
Portamento Control  
Controller 85  
Controller 86  
Controller 87  
Controller 88  
Controller 89  
Controller 90  
Reverb Depth  
Tremelo Depth  
Chorus Depth  
Celeste (De-tune)  
Phaser Depth  
Data Increment  
Data Decrement  
Non-Reg Param LSB  
Non-Reg Param MSB  
Channel Volume  
Balance  
Controller 41  
Pan LSB  
110  
111  
112  
113  
114  
115  
116  
117  
118  
119  
Controller 110  
Controller 111  
Controller 112  
Controller 113  
Controller 114  
Controller 115  
Controller 116  
Controller 117  
Controller 118  
Controller 119  
Controller 9  
Expression LSB  
Controller 44  
Controller 45  
Controller 46  
Controller 47  
Pan  
Expression  
Effects Controller 1  
Effects Controller 2  
Controller 14  
Controller 15  
Gen Purpose 1  
Gen Purpose 2  
Gen Purpose 3  
Gen Purpose 4  
Controller 20  
Controller 21  
Controller 22  
Controller 23  
Controller 24  
Controller 25  
Controller 26  
Controller 27  
Controller 28  
Controller 29  
Controller 30  
Controller 31  
Bank Select LSB  
Modulation LSB  
Gen Purpose 1 LSB  
Gen Purpose 2 LSB  
Gen Purpose 3 LSB  
Gen Purpose 4 LSB  
Controller 52  
Controller 53  
Controller 54  
Controller 55  
Controller 56  
Controller 57  
Channel Mode Messages  
120 All Sound off  
121 Reset all Controllers  
122 Local Control  
123 All Notes Off  
124 Omni Off  
Controller 58  
Controller 59  
Controller 60  
Controller 61  
125 Omni On  
126 Mono On (Poly Off)  
127 Poly On (Mono Off)  
Controller 62  
Controller 63  
Sustain Pedal  
Portamento  
Sostenuto  
100 Reg Param LSB  
101 Reg Param MSB  
Soft Pedal  
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|
37  
Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Appendix G: Roland GS and Yamaha XG NRPN Support  
NRPN NRPN Data  
MSB LSB MSB  
Data  
LSB  
CC99 CC98 CC06 CC38  
01  
01  
08  
00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Vibrato Rate (relative change)  
09  
00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Vibrato Depth (relative change)  
01  
0A  
00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Vibrato Delay (relative change)  
01  
20  
00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Filter Cutoff Freq  (relative change)  
01  
21  
00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Filter Resonance (relative change)  
01  
63  
00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) EG (TVF&TVA) Attack Time (relative change)  
00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) EG (TVF&TVA) Decay Time (relative change)  
00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) EG (TVF&TVA) Release Time (relative change)  
00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Drum Filter Cutoff Freq  (relative change)  
00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Drum Filter Resonance (relative change)  
00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Drum EG Attack Rate (relative change)  
00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Drum EG Decay Rate (relative change)  
00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Drum Instrument Pitch Coarse (relative change)  
00-7F n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Drum Instrument Pitch Fine (relative change)  
00-7F n/a (0 to Max) Drum Instrument Level (absolute change)  
00-7F n/a (Random, L>C>R) Drum Instrument Panpot (absolute change)  
00-7F n/a (0 to Max) Drum Instrument Reverb Send Level (absolute change)  
00-7F n/a (0 to Max) Drum Instrument Chorus Send Level (absolute change)  
00-7F n/a (0 to Max) Drum Instrument Variation Send Level (absolute change)  
01  
64  
01  
66  
*14  
*15  
*16  
*17  
18  
00-7F  
00-7F  
00-7F  
00-7F  
00-7F  
00-7F  
00-7F  
00-7F  
00-7F  
00-7F  
00-7F  
*19  
1A  
1C  
1D  
1E  
%1F  
* added by Yamaha XG; % changed from Delay to Variation by Yamaha XG  
Appendix H: General MIDI Reverb and Chorus Types  
Reverb Types  
0: Small Room  
1: Medium Room  
2: Large Room  
3: Medium Hall  
4: Large Hall  
8: Plate  
Chorus Types  
0: Chorus 1  
1: Chorus 2  
2: Chorus 3  
3: Chorus 4  
4: FB Chorus  
5: Flanger  
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|
38  
Session KeyStudio 25 User Guide  
Technical Info  
Caution: Electro Static Discharge, Electrical Fast Transient and Conducted RF interference may cause the unit malfunctioning. In such case,  
unplug the unit and plug it in again to restore normal operation.  
Note: Your M-Audio product has been tested to comply with FCC Standards FOR HOME OR OFFICE USE. Modifications not authorized by the  
manufacturer may void users authority to operate this device.  
Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules.  
These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates,  
uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference  
to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does  
cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is  
encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:  
<
<
<
<
Re-orient or relocate the receiving antenna.  
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.  
Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.  
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/ TV technician for help.  
ASIO is a trademark of Steinberg Soft– und Hardware GmbH.  
VST is a trademark of Steinberg Soft– und Hardware GmbH  
Warranty  
Warranty Terms  
M-Audio warrants products to be free from defects in materials and workmanship, under normal use and provided that the product  
product.  
Warranty Registration  
Immediately registering your new M-Audio product entitles you to full warranty coverage and helps M-Audio develop and  
manufacture the finest quality products available. Register online at www.m-audio.com/register to receive FREE product updates  
and for the chance to win M-Audio giveaways.  
WARNING: This product contains chemicals, including lead, known to the State of California to cause cancer, and birth defects or other  
reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.  
Session KeyStudio 25  
Tested to comply with  
FCC standards  
FOR HOME OR STUDIO USE  
© 2008 Avid Technology, Inc. All rights reserved. Product features, specifications, system requirements and availability are subject to change  
without notice. Avid, M-Audio, Enigma, Session, O2 and KeyStudio 25 are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Avid Technology, Inc. All  
other trademarks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.  
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M-Audio USA  
M-Audio Germany  
5795 Martin Rd., Irwindale, CA 91706  
Kuhallmand 34, D-74613 Ohringen, Germany  
Technical Support  
Technical Support  
web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .www.m-audio.com/tech  
tel (pro products) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(626) 633-9055  
tel (consumer products) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (626) 633-9066  
fax (shipping) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(626) 633-9032  
Sales  
email. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [email protected]  
tel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +49 (0)7941 - 9870030  
tel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +49 (0)7941 - 98 70070  
Sales  
e-mail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [email protected]  
tel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +49 (0)7941 98 7000  
fax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +49 (0)7941 98 70070  
Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.m-audio.de  
e-mail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [email protected]  
tel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1(866) 657-6434  
fax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(626) 633-9070  
Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.m-audio.com  
M-Audio Canada  
1400 St-Jean Baptiste Ave. #150, Quebec City,  
Quebec G2E 5B7, Canada  
M-Audio U.K.  
Floor 6, Gresham House, 53 Clarendon Road, Watford  
WD17 1LA, United Kingdom  
Technical Support  
Technical Support  
e-mail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [email protected]  
tel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(418) 872-0444  
fax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(418) 872-0034  
Sales  
e-mail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [email protected]  
tel (Mac and PC support) . . . . . . . . . . +44 (0)1753 658630  
Sales  
tel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +44 (0)1923 204010  
tel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +44 (0)1923 204039  
e-mail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [email protected]  
tel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(866) 872-0444  
fax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(418) 872-0034  
Benelux  
Technical Support  
M-Audio Japan  
アビテクノロジー株式会社 エムオー事業〒  
名古屋市  
|
460-0002  
Belgium tel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +32 22 54 88 93  
Holland tel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +31 35 625 0097  
中区丸内  
2-18-10  
Avid Technology K.K. 2-18-10 Marunouchi, Naka-Ku, Nagoya, Japan  
460-0002  
カスタマーサポ  
Technical Support  
M-Audio France  
e-mail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [email protected]  
Floor 6, Gresham House, 53 Clarendon Road, Watford  
WD17 1LA, United Kingdom  
環境専用  
e-mail (Macintosh  
). . . . . . . . . . [email protected]  
tel . . . . . . . . . . . . 052-218-0859 10:00~12:00/13:00~17:00  
Renseignements Commerciaux  
セールスにするお(  
Sales  
tel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 810 001 105  
email. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [email protected]  
Assistance Technique  
e-mail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [email protected]  
tel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 052-218-3375  
fax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 052-218-0875  
PC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 820 000 731  
Mac . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 820 391 191  
e-mail (PC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [email protected]  
email (Mac) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .m[email protected]  
fax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +33 (0)1 72 72 90 52  
Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.m-audio.com  
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.m-audio.jp  
Web  
080211_SsnKyStu25_UG_EN01  
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