GSW-2496
8-Port TP + 16-Port SFP L2 Managed Gigabit Switch
User Manual
Ver. 1.00-0704
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DISCLAIMER. EXCEPT AS PROVIDED ABOVE, THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS ” AND LEVELONE AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO
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ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, INCLUSIVE OF WITHOUT LIMITATION, IMPLIED WARRANTIES OR MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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REGARDING THE USE, OR THE RESULTS OF THE USE, OF THE SOFTWARE OR RELATED WRITTEN DOCUMENTAITON IN TERMS OF
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Caution
Circuit devices are sensitive to static electricity, which can damage their delicate
electronics. Dry weather conditions or walking across a carpeted floor may cause you to
acquire a static electrical charge.
To protect your device, always:
•
Touch the metal chassis of your computer to ground the static electrical charge before
you pick up the circuit device.
•
Pick up the device by holding it on the left and right edges only.
Electronic Emission Notices
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a class A
computing device pursuant to Subpart J of part 15 of FCC Rules, which are designed to
provide reasonable protection against such interference when operated in a commercial
environment.
European Community (CE) Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the protection requirements
of European Emission Standard EN55022/EN60555-2 and the Generic European Immunity
Standard EN50082-1.
EMC:
EN55022(1988)/CISPR-22(1985) class A
EN60555-2(1995)
EN60555-3
class A
IEC1000-4-2(1995)
IEC1000-4-3(1995)
IEC1000-4-4(1995)
4K V CD, 8KV, AD
3V/m
1KV – (power line), 0.5KV – (signal line)
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About this user’s manual
In this user’s manual, it will not only tell you how to install and connect your network
system but configure and monitor the GSW-2496 through the built-in CLI and web by RS-232
serial interface and Ethernet ports step-by-step. Many explanation in detail of hardware and
software functions are shown as well as the examples of the operation for web-based
interface and command-line interface (CLI).
Overview of this user’s manual
„
„
„
„
„
Chapter 1 “Introduction”
Chapter 2 “Installation”
Chapter 3 “Operation of Web-based Management”
Chapter 4 “Operation of CLI Management”
Chapter 5 “Maintenance”
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Table of Contents
CAUTION--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- IV
ELECTRONIC EMISSION NOTICES---------------------------------------------------------------------------- IV
INTRODUCTION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1
1-1. OVERVIEW-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
1-2. CHECKLIST ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3
1-3. FEATURES -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3
1-4-2. User Interfaces on the Rear Panel------------------------------------------------------------ 6
1-5. OPTIONAL SFP TRANSCEIVER MODULES ------------------------------------------------------------- 7
INSTALLATION-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8
2-1. STARTING UP ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8
2-1-1. Hardware and Cable Installation -------------------------------------------------------------- 8
2-1-3. Cabling Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10
2-1-3-1. Cabling Requirements for TP Ports---------------------------------------------------------------- 11
2-1-3-2. Cabling Requirements for 1000SX/LX SFP Module------------------------------------------- 11
2-1-3-3. Switch Cascading in Topology ----------------------------------------------------------------------12
2-1-5. IP Address Assignment------------------------------------------------------------------------ 19
2-2. TYPICAL APPLICATIONS--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 24
3-1-1. System Information----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 30
3-1-2. IP Configuration --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32
3-1-3. Time Configuration------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 35
3-1-4. Account Configuration ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 38
3-1-5. Management Policy ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 39
3-1-6. Virtual Stack -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 42
3-2. PORT CONFIGURATION --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 44
3-2-1.Port Status----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 44
3-2-2. Port Configuration------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 49
3-2-3. Port Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 51
3-2-4. Simple Counter ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 52
3-2-5. Detail Counter------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 54
3-3. MIRROR--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 57
3-4. BANDWIDTH MANAGEMENT ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 58
3-6. LOOP DETECTION --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 70
3-7. SNMP CONFIGURATION-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 72
3-8. IGMP SNOOPING---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 74
3-9. MAX. PACKET LENGTH---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 78
3-10. DHCP BOOT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 79
3-11. VLAN---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 80
3-11-1. VLAN Mode ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 80
3-11-2. Tag-based Group ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 83
3-11-3. Port-based Group ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 85
3-11-4. Tag Rule ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 87
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3-12. MAC TABLE -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 89
3-13. GVRP CONFIGURATION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 96
3-14. STP CONFIGURATION--------------------------------------------------------------------------------102
3-14-1. STP Status -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------102
3-14-2. STP Configuration----------------------------------------------------------------------------104
3-14-3. STP Port Configuration ---------------------------------------------------------------------106
3-15. TRUNKING CONFIGURATION-------------------------------------------------------------------------109
3-16. 802.1X CONFIGURATION ----------------------------------------------------------------------------116
3-17. ALARM CONFIGURATION -----------------------------------------------------------------------------126
3-18. CONFIGURATION --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------129
3-18-1. Save/Restore----------------------------------------------------------------------------------130
3-18-2. Config File--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------133
3-19. DIAGNOSTICS -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------134
3-20. TFTP SERVER ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------137
3-21. LOG -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------138
3-22. FIRMWARE UPGRADE --------------------------------------------------------------------------------139
3-23. REBOOT------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------140
3-24. LOGOUT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------141
4-1. CLI MANAGEMENT -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------142
4-1-1. Login ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------142
4-2. COMMANDS OF CLI ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------144
4-2-1. Global Commands of CLI --------------------------------------------------------------------145
4-2-2. Local Commands of CLI----------------------------------------------------------------------151
5. MAINTENANCE -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------232
5-1. RESOLVING NO LINK CONDITION --------------------------------------------------------------------232
5-2. Q&A------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------232
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1.
1-1. Overview
Introduction
GSW-2496, a 24-port Gigabit L2 Managed Switch, is a standard switch that
meets all IEEE 802.3/u/x/z Gigabit, Fast Ethernet specifications. The switch
included 8-Port 10/100/1000Mbps TP and 16-Port Gigabit SFP Fiber management
Ethernet switch. The switch can be managed through RS-232 serial port via directly
connection, or through Ethernet port using CLI or Web-based management unit,
associated with SNMP agent. With the SNMP agent, the network administrator can
logon the switch to monitor, configure and control each port’s activity in a friendly
way. The overall network management is enhanced and the network efficiency is
also improved to accommodate high bandwidth applications. In addition, the switch
features comprehensive and useful function such as QoS (Quality of Service),
Spanning Tree, VLAN, Port Trunking, Bandwidth Control, Port Security,
SNMP/RMON, IGMP Snooping capability via the intelligent software. It is suitable
for both metro-LAN and office application.
In this switch, 1000Mbps SFP Fiber transceiver is used for high-speed
connection expansion.
Model No.
Description
GVT-0300 SFP Transceiver LC, SX Multi-mode 550m
GVT-0301 SFP Transceiver LC, LX Single-mode 10km
GVT-0302 SFP Transceiver LC, ZX Single-mode 70km
10/100/1000Mbps TP is a standard Ethernet port that meets all IEEE
802.3/u/x/z Gigabit, Fast Ethernet specifications. 1000Mbps SFP Fiber transceiver
is a Gigabit Ethernet port that fully complies with all IEEE 802.3z and 1000Base-
SX/LX standards.
For upgrading firmware, please refer to the Section 3-21 or Section 4-2-2 for
more details. The switch will not stop operating while upgrading firmware and after
that, the configuration keeps unchanged.
Important Note:
GSW-2496 supports the following vendor’s mini-GBIC transceiver only
1. LevelOne
2. Avago
3. Finisar
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• Key Features
QoS:
Support Quality of Service by the IEEE 802.1P standard. There are two
priority queue and packet transmission schedule.
Spanning Tree:
Support IEEE 802.1D, IEEE 802.1w (RSTP: Rapid Spanning Tree
Protocol) standards.
VLAN:
Support Port-based VLAN and IEEE802.1Q Tag VLAN. Support 256 active
VLANs and VLAN ID 1~4094.
Port Trunking:
Support static port trunking and port trunking with IEEE 802.3ad LACP.
Bandwidth Control:
Support ingress and egress per port bandwidth control.
Port Security:
Support allowed, denied forwarding and port security with MAC address.
SNMP/RMON:
SNMP agent and RMON MIB. In the device, SNMP agent is a client software
which is operating over SNMP protocol used to receive the command from
SNMP manager (server site) and echo the corresponded data, i.e. MIB
object. Besides, SNMP agent will actively issue TRAP information when
happened.
RMON is the abbreviation of Remote Network Monitoring and is a branch of
the SNMP MIB.
The device supports MIB-2 (RFC 1213), Bridge MIB (RFC 1493), RMON MIB
(RFC 1757)-statistics Group 1,2,3,9, VLAN MIB (802.1Q, RFC2674),
Ethernet MIB (RFC 1643) and so on.
IGMP Snooping:
Support IGMP version 2 (RFC 2236): The function IGMP snooping is used to
establish the multicast groups to forward the multicast packet to the member
ports, and, in nature, avoid wasting the bandwidth while IP multicast packets
are running over the network.
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1-2. Checklist
Before you start installing the switch, verify that the package contains the
following:
- GSW-2496
- Power Cord
- Console Cable
- Rack-mounted Kit
- CD Manual
Please notify your sales representative immediately if any of the aforementioned
items is missing or damaged.
1-3. Features
The GSW-2496 L2 Managed Switch, a standalone off-the-shelf switch,
provides the comprehensive features listed below for users to perform system
network administration and efficiently and securely serve your network.
• Hardware
• 8 10/100/1000Mbps Auto-negotiation Gigabit Ethernet TP ports
• 16 1000Mbps SFP fiber ports
• 400KB on-chip frame buffer
• Jumbo frame support
• Programmable classifier for QoS (Layer 4/Multimedia)
• 8K MAC address and 4K VLAN support (IEEE802.1Q)
• Per-port shaping, policing, and Broadcast Storm Control
• IEEE802.1Q-in-Q nested VLAN support
• Full-duplex flow control (IEEE802.3x) and half-duplex backpressure
• Extensive front-panel diagnostic LEDs; System: Power, TP Port1-8: LINK/ACT,
SPEED, SFP Port 9-24: SFP(LINK/ACT)
• Management
• Supports concisely the status of port and easily port configuration
• Supports per port traffic monitoring counters
• Supports a snapshot of the system Information when you login
• Supports port mirror function
• Supports the static trunk function
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• Supports 802.1Q VLAN
• Supports user management and limits three users to login
• Maximal packet length can be up to 9216 bytes for jumbo frame application
• Supports DHCP Broadcasting Suppression to avoid network suspended or
crashed
• Supports to send the trap event while monitored events happened
• Supports default configuration which can be restored to overwrite the current
configuration which is working on via web browser and CLI
• Supports on-line plug/unplug SFP modules
• Supports Quality of Service (QoS) for real time applications based on the
information taken from Layer 2 to Layer 4, such as VoIP
• Built-in web-based management and CLI management, providing a more
convenient UI for the user
• Supports port mirror function with ingress traffic
• Supports rapid spanning tree (802.1w RSTP)
• Supports 802.1X port security on a VLAN
• Supports user management and only first login administrator can configure the
device. The rest of users can only view the switch
• SNMP access can be disabled and prevent from illegal SNMP access
• Supports Ingress, Non-unicast and Egress Bandwidth rating management with
a resolution of 1Mbps
• The trap event and alarm message can be transferred via e-mail and mobile
phone short message
• Supports diagnostics to let administrator knowing the hardware status
• Supports external loopback test to check if the link is ok
• TFTP for firmware upgrade, system log upload and config file import/export
• Supports remote boot the device through user interface and SNMP
• Supports network time synchronization and daylight saving
• Supports 120 event log records in the main memory and display on the local
console
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1-4. View of GSW-2496 L2 Managed Switch
Fig. 1-1 Full View of GSW-2496
1-4-1. User Interfaces on the Front Panel (Button, LEDs and Plugs)
There are 8 TP Gigabit Ethernet ports and 16 SFP fiber ports for optional
removable modules on the front panel of the switch. LED display area, locating on
the left side of the panel, contains a Power LED, which indicates the power status
and 24 ports working status of the switch.
Gigabit Ethernet Port
SFP Fiber Port
TP Port Status Indication LEDs
RESET Button:
RESET button is used
to reset the
management system.
Power Indication LED
Fiber Port Status Indication LEDs
Fig. 1-2 Front View of GSW-2496
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• LED Indicators
LED
Color
Function
System LED
POWER
CPU LED
Green Lit when +5V DC power is on and good
Green Blinks when CPU is activity
10/100/1000Ethernet TP Port 1 to 8 LED
Lit when connection with remote device is good
Green Blinks when any traffic is present
Off when cable connection is not good
LINK/ACT
SPEED
Lit green when 1000Mbps speed is active
Lit ember when 100Mbps speed is active
Ember
Green/
Off when 10Mbps speed is active
1000SX/LX Gigabit Fiber Port 9 to 24 LED
Lit when connection with the remote device is good
SFP(LINK/ACT) Green Blinks when any traffic is present
Off when module connection is not good
Table1-1
1-4-2. User Interfaces on the Rear Panel
One RS-232 DB-9 interface is offered for configuration or management.
AC Line 100-240V 50/60 Hz
RS-232 DB-9 Connector
Fig. 1-3 Rear View of GSW-2496
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1-5. Optional SFP Transceiver Modules
In the switch,1000Mbps SFP Fiber transceiver is used for high-speed
connection expansion; the following are optional SFP types provided for the switch:
Note:
GSW-2496 only supports the following vendor’s SFP Transceiver
1. LevelOne (HW Ver.: 3.0 or up)
2. Avago Technologies
3. Finisar Corporation
Part No.
570622
Model No.
GVT-0300
Description
Mini-GBIC SFP transceiver
Multi-Mode, 550m
Mini-GBIC SFP transceiver
Single-Mode, 10km
551071
551072
GVT-0301
GVT-0302
Mini-GBIC SFP transceiver
Single-Mode, 70km
Fig. 1-4 Front View of 1000Base-SX/LX LC, SFP Fiber Transceiver
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2.
Installation
2-1. Starting Up
This section will give users a quick start for:
- Hardware and Cable Installation
- Management Station Installation
- Software booting and configuration
2-1-1. Hardware and Cable Installation
At the beginning, please do first:
⇒ Wear a grounding device to avoid the damage from electrostatic discharge
⇒ Be sure that power switch is OFF before you insert the power cord to power
source
• Installing Optional SFP Fiber Transceivers to the GSW-2496 L2 Managed
Switch
Note: If you have no modules, please skip this section.
Fig. 2-1 Installation of Optional SFP Fiber Transceiver
•Connecting the SFP Module to the Chassis:
The optional SFP modules are hot swappable, so you can plug or unplug it
before or after powering on.
1. Verify that the SFP module is the right model and conforms to the chassis
2. Slide the module along the slot. Also be sure that the module is properly
seated against the slot socket/connector
3. Install the media cable for network connection
4. Repeat the above steps, as needed, for each module to be installed into
slot(s)
5. Have the power ON after the above procedures are done
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•
TP Port and Cable Installation
⇒ In the switch, TP port supports MDI/MDI-X auto-crossover, so both types of
cable, straight-through (Cable pin-outs for RJ-45 jack 1, 2, 3, 6 to 1, 2, 3, 6 in
10/100M TP; 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 in Gigabit TP) and
crossed-over (Cable pin-outs for RJ-45 jack 1, 2, 3, 6 to 3, 6, 1, 2) can be used.
It means you do not have to tell from them, just plug it.
⇒ Use Cat. 5 grade RJ-45 TP cable to connect to a TP port of the switch and the
other end is connected to a network-aware device such as a workstation or a
server.
⇒ Repeat the above steps, as needed, for each RJ-45 port to be connected to a
Gigabit 10/100/1000 TP device.
Now, you can start having the switch in operation.
• Power On
The switch supports 100-240 VAC, 50-60 Hz power supply. The power
supply will automatically convert the local AC power source to DC power. It does not
matter whether any connection plugged into the switch or not when power on, even
modules as well. After the power is on, all LED indicators will light up immediately
and then all off except the power LED still keeps on. This represents a reset of the
system.
• Firmware Loading
After resetting, the bootloader will load the firmware into the memory. It will
take about 30 seconds, after that, the switch will flash all the LED once and
automatically performs self-test and is in ready state.
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2-1-2. Installing Chassis to a 19-Inch Wiring Closet Rail
Fig. 2-2
Caution: Allow a proper spacing and proper air ventilation for the cooling fan
at both sides of the chassis.
⇒
⇒
⇒
Wear a grounding device for electrostatic discharge.
Screw the mounting accessory to the front side of the switch (See Fig. 2-2).
Place the Chassis into the 19-inch wiring closet rail and locate it at the proper
position. Then, fix the Chassis by screwing it.
2-1-3. Cabling Requirements
To help ensure a successful installation and keep the network performance
good, please take a care on the cabling requirement. Cables with worse
specification will render the LAN to work poorly.
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2-1-3-1. Cabling Requirements for TP Ports
⇒ For Fast Ethernet TP network connection
⎯ The grade of the cable must be Cat. 5 or Cat. 5e with a maximum length of
100 meters.
⇒ Gigabit Ethernet TP network connection
⎯ The grade of the cable must be Cat. 5 or Cat. 5e with a maximum length of
100 meters. Cat. 5e is recommended.
2-1-3-2. Cabling Requirements for 1000SX/LX SFP Module
It is more complex and comprehensive contrast to TP cabling in the fiber
media. Basically, there are two categories of fiber, multi mode (MM) and single
mode (SM). The later is categorized into several classes by the distance it supports.
They are SX, LX, LHX, XD, and ZX. From the viewpoint of connector type, there
mainly are LC.
⎯
⎯
Gigabit Fiber with multi-mode LC SFP module
Gigabit Fiber with single-mode LC SFP module
The following table lists the types of fiber that we support and those else not
listed here are available upon request.
Multi-mode Fiber Cable and Modal Bandwidth
Multi-mode 62.5/125μm
Multi-mode 50/125μm
IEEE 802.3z
Gigabit Ethernet
1000SX 850nm
Modal
Modal
Distance
Bandwidth
Distance
Bandwidth
160MHz-Km
200MHz-Km
220m
275m
400MHz-Km
500m
550m
500MHz-Km
Single-mode Fiber 9/125μm
1000Base-LX//ZX
Single-mode transceiver 1310nm 10Km
Single-mode transceiver 1550nm 70Km
Table2-1
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2-1-3-3. Switch Cascading in Topology
• Takes the Delay Time into Account
Theoretically, the switch partitions the collision domain for each port in switch
cascading that you may up-link the switches unlimitedly. In practice, the network
extension (cascading levels & overall diameter) must follow the constraint of the
IEEE 802.3/802.3u/802.3z and other 802.1 series protocol specifications, in which
the limitations are the timing requirement from physical signals defined by 802.3
series specification of Media Access Control (MAC) and PHY, and timer from some
OSI layer 2 protocols such as 802.1d, 802.1q, LACP and so on.
The fiber, TP cables and devices’ bit-time delay (round trip) are as follows:
1000Base-X TP, Fiber
100Base-TX TP
100Base-FX Fiber
Round trip Delay: 4096
Round trip Delay: 512
Cat. 5 TP Wire:
Fiber Cable
11.12/m
10.10/m
Cat. 5 TP Wire: 1.12/m
TP to fiber Converter: 56
Fiber Cable:
1.0/m
:
Bit Time unit : 1ns (1sec./1000 Mega bit)
Bit Time unit: 0.01μs (1sec./100 Mega bit)
Table 2-2
Sum up all elements’ bit-time delay and the overall bit-time delay of
wires/devices must be within Round Trip Delay (bit times) in a half-duplex network
segment (collision domain). For full-duplex operation, this will not be applied. You
may use the TP-Fiber module to extend the TP node distance over fiber optic and
provide the long haul connection.
• Typical Network Topology in Deployment
A hierarchical network with minimum levels of switch may reduce the timing
delay between server and client station. Basically, with this approach, it will
minimize the number of switches in any one path; will lower the possibility of
network loop and will improve network efficiency. If more than two switches are
connected in the same network, select one switch as Level 1 switch and connect all
other switches to it at Level 2. Server/Host is recommended to connect to the Level
1 switch. This is general if no VLAN or other special requirements are applied.
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Case1: All switch ports are in the same local area network. Every port can access
each other (See Fig. 2-3).
Fig. 2-3 No VLAN Configuration Diagram
If VLAN is enabled and configured, each node in the network that can
communicate each other directly is bounded in the same VLAN area.
Here VLAN area is defined by what VLAN you are using. The switch
supports both port-based VLAN and tag-based VLAN. They are different in practical
deployment, especially in physical location. The following diagram shows how it
works and what the difference they are.
Case2a: Port-based VLAN (See Fig.2-4).
Fig. 2-4 Port-based VLAN Diagram
1. The same VLAN members could not be in different switches.
2. Every VLAN members could not access VLAN members each other.
3. The switch manager has to assign different names for each VLAN groups
at one switch.
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Case 2b: Port-based VLAN (See Fig.2-5).
Fig. 2-5 Port-based VLAN Diagram
1. VLAN1 members could not access VLAN2, VLAN3 and VLAN4 members.
2. VLAN2 members could not access VLAN1 and VLAN3 members, but they could
access VLAN4 members.
3. VLAN3 members could not access VLAN1, VLAN2 and VLAN4.
4. VLAN4 members could not access VLAN1 and VLAN3 members, but they could
access VLAN2 members.
Case3a: The same VLAN members can be at different switches with the same VID
(See Fig. 2-6).
Fig. 2-6 Attribute-based VLAN Diagram
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2-1-4. Configuring the Management Agent
We offer you three ways to startup the switch management function. They
are RS-232 console, CLI, and Web. Users can use any one of them to monitor and
configure the switch. You can touch them through the following procedures.
Section 2-1-4-1: Configuring the Management Agent through the Serial RS-232 Port
Section 2-1-4-2: Configuring the Management Agent through the Ethernet Port
Note: Please first modify the IP address, Subnet mask, Default gateway and DNS
through RS-232 console, and then do the next.
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2-1-4-1. Configuring the Management Agent through the Serial RS-232 Port
To perform the configuration through RS-232 console port, the switch’s serial
port must be directly connected to a DCE device, for example, a PC, through
RS-232 cable with DB-9 connector. Next, run a terminal emulator with the default
setting of the switch’s serial port. With this, you can communicate with the switch.
In the switch, RS-232 interface only supports baud rate 57.6k bps with 8 data
bits, 1 stop bit, no parity check and no flow control.
RS-232 DB-9 Connector
AC Line 100-240V 50/60 Hz
RS-232
GSW-2496 L2 Managed Switch
Default IP Setting:
IP address = 192.168.1.1
Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway = 192.168.1.254
RS-232 cable with female
DB-9 connector at both ends
Fig. 2-7
Terminal or Terminal Emulator
To configure the switch, please follow the procedures below:
1. Find the RS-232 DB-9 cable with female DB-9 connector bundled.
Normally, it just uses pins 2, 3 and 7. See also Appendix B for more
details on Null Modem Cable Specifications.
2. Attaches the DB-9 female cable connector to the male serial RS-232
DB-9 connector on the switch.
3. Attaches the other end of the serial RS-232 DB-9 cable to PC’s serial
port, running a terminal emulator supporting VT100/ANSI terminal with
The switch’s serial port default settings. For example,
Windows98/2000/XP HyperTerminal utility.
Note: The switch’s serial port default settings are listed as follows:
Baud rate
Stop bits
Data bits
Parity
57600
1
8
N
Flow control
none
4. When you complete the connection, then press <Enter> key. The login
prompt will be shown on the screen. The default username and
password are shown as below:
Username = admin
Password = admin
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• Set IP Address, Subnet Mask and Default Gateway IP Address
Please refer to Fig. 2-7 CLI Management for details about LevelOne’s setting.
They are default setting of IP address. You can first either configure your PC IP
address or change IP address of the switch, next to change the IP address of
default gateway and subnet mask.
For example, your network address is 10.1.1.0, and subnet mask is
255.255.255.0. You can change the switch’s default IP address 192.168.1.1 to
10.1.1.1 and set the subnet mask to be 255.255.255.0. Then, choose your default
gateway, may be it is 10.1.1.254.
Default Value
IP Address
GSW-2496
192.168.1.1
Your Network Setting
10.1.1.1
Subnet
255.255.255.0
192.168.1.254
255.255.255.0
10.1.1.254
Default Gateway
Table 2-3
After completing these settings in the switch, it will reboot to have the
configuration taken effect. After this step, you can operate the management through
the network, no matter it is from a web browser or Network Management System
(NMS).
L2 Managed Switch – GSW-2496
Login: admin
Password:
GSW-2496#
ꢀ
Fig. 2-8 the Login Screen for CLI
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2-1-4-2. Configuring the Management Agent through the Ethernet Port
There are three ways to configure and monitor the switch through the
switch’s Ethernet port. They are CLI, Web browser and SNMP manager. The user
interface for the last one is NMS dependent and does not cover here. We just
introduce the first two types of management interface.
GSW-2496 L2 Managed Switch
Default IP Setting:
IP = 192.168.1.1
Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway = 192.168.1.254
Assign a reasonable IP address,
For example:
IP = 192.168.1.100
Ethernet LAN
Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway = 192.168.1.254
Fig. 2-9
• Managing through Ethernet Port
Before you communicate with the switch, you have to finish first the
configuration of the IP address or to know the IP address of the switch. Then,
follow the procedures listed below.
1. Set up a physical path between the configured the switch and a PC by a
qualified UTP Cat. 5 cable with RJ-45 connector.
Note: If PC directly connects to the switch, you have to setup the same
subnet mask between them. But, subnet mask may be different for the PC in
the remote site. Please refer to Fig. 2-9 about the switch’s default IP address
information.
2. Run CLI or web browser and follow the menu. Please refer to Chapter 3 and
Chapter 4.
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Fig. 2-10 the Login Screen for Web
2-1-5. IP Address Assignment
For IP address configuration, there are three parameters needed to be filled
in. They are IP address, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway and DNS.
IP address:
The address of the network device in the network is used for internetworking
communication. Its address structure looks is shown in the Fig. 2-11. It is “classful”
because it is split into predefined address classes or categories.
Each class has its own network range between the network identifier and
host identifier in the 32 bits address. Each IP address comprises two parts: network
identifier (address) and host identifier (address). The former indicates the network
where the addressed host resides, and the latter indicates the individual host in the
network which the address of host refers to. And the host identifier must be unique
in the same LAN. Here the term of IP address we used is version 4, known as IPv4.
32 bits
Network identifier
Host identifier
Fig. 2-11 IP address structure
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With the classful addressing, it divides IP address into three classes, class A,
class B and class C. The rest of IP addresses are for multicast and broadcast. The
bit length of the network prefix is the same as that of the subnet mask and is
denoted as IP address/X, for example, 192.168.1.0/24. Each class has its address
range described below.
Class A:
Address is less than 126.255.255.255. There are a total of 126 networks can
be defined because the address 0.0.0.0 is reserved for default route and
127.0.0.0/8 is reserved for loopback function.
Bit #
0 1
7 8
0
Network address
Host address
Class B:
IP address range between 128.0.0.0 and 191.255.255.255. Each class B
network has a 16-bit network prefix followed 16-bit host address. There are 16,384
(2^14)/16 networks able to be defined with a maximum of 65534 (2^16 –2) hosts
per network.
Bit #
01 2
10
15 16
Network address
Host address
Class C:
IP address range between 192.0.0.0 and 223.255.255.255. Each class C
network has a 24-bit network prefix followed 8-bit host address. There are
2,097,152 (2^21)/24 networks able to be defined with a maximum of 254 (2^8 –2)
hosts per network.
Bit # 0 1 2 3
110
23 24
31
Network address
Host
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Class D and E:
Class D is a class with first 4 MSB (Most significance bit) set to 1-1-1-0 and
is used for IP Multicast. See also RFC 1112. Class E is a class with first 4 MSB set
to 1-1-1-1 and is used for IP broadcast.
According to IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority), there are three
specific IP address blocks reserved and able to be used for extending internal
network. We call it Private IP address and list below:
Class A
Class B
Class C
10.0.0.0 --- 10.255.255.255
172.16.0.0 --- 172.31.255.255
192.168.0.0 --- 192.168.255.255
Please refer to RFC 1597 and RFC 1466 for more information.
Subnet mask:
It means the sub-division of a class-based network or a CIDR block. The
subnet is used to determine how to split an IP address to the network prefix and the
host address in bitwise basis. It is designed to utilize IP address more efficiently and
ease to manage IP network.
For a class B network, 128.1.2.3, it may have a subnet mask 255.255.0.0 in
default, in which the first two bytes is with all 1s. This means more than 60
thousands of nodes in flat IP address will be at the same network. It’s too large to
manage practically. Now if we divide it into smaller network by extending network
prefix from 16 bits to, say 24 bits, that’s using its third byte to subnet this class B
network. Now it has a subnet mask 255.255.255.0, in which each bit of the first
three bytes is 1. It’s now clear that the first two bytes is used to identify the class B
network, the third byte is used to identify the subnet within this class B network and,
of course, the last byte is the host number.
Not all IP address is available in the sub-netted network. Two special
addresses are reserved. They are the addresses with all zero’s and all one’s host
number. For example, an IP address 128.1.2.128, what IP address reserved will be
looked like? All 0s mean the network itself, and all 1s mean IP broadcast.
128.1.2.128/25
Network
Subne
10000000.00000001.00000010.1 0000000
25 bits
All 0s = 128.1.2.128
1 0000000
1 1111111
All 1s= 128.1.2.255
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In this diagram, you can see the subnet mask with 25-bit long,
255.255.255.128, contains 126 members in the sub-netted network. Another is that
the length of network prefix equals the number of the bit with 1s in that subnet mask.
With this, you can easily count the number of IP addresses matched. The following
table shows the result.
Prefix Length No. of IP matched No. of Addressable IP
/32
/31
/30
/29
/28
/27
/26
/25
/24
/23
/22
/21
/20
/19
/18
/17
/16
1
2
-
-
4
2
8
6
16
14
32
30
64
62
128
256
512
1024
2048
4096
8192
16384
32768
65536
126
254
510
1022
2046
4094
8190
16382
32766
65534
Table 2-4
According to the scheme above, a subnet mask 255.255.255.0 will partition a
network with the class C. It means there will have a maximum of 254 effective
nodes existed in this sub-netted network and is considered a physical network in an
autonomous network. So it owns a network IP address which may looks like
168.1.2.0.
With the subnet mask, a bigger network can be cut into small pieces of
network. If we want to have more than two independent networks in a worknet, a
partition to the network must be performed. In this case, subnet mask must be
applied.
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For different network applications, the subnet mask may look like
255.255.255.240. This means it is a small network accommodating a maximum of
15 nodes in the network.
Default gateway:
For the routed packet, if the destination is not in the routing table, all the
traffic is put into the device with the designated IP address, known as default router.
Basically, it is a routing policy. The gateway setting is used for Trap Events Host
only in the switch.
For assigning an IP address to the switch, you just have to check what the IP
address of the network will be connected with the switch. Use the same network
address and append your host address to it.
Fig. 2-12
First, IP Address: as shown in the Fig. 2-12, enter “192.168.1.1”, for instance.
For sure, an IP address such as 192.168.1.x must be set on your PC.
Second, Subnet Mask: as shown in the Fig. 2-12, enter “255.255.255.0”. Any
subnet mask such as 255.255.255.x is allowable in this case.
DNS:
The Domain Name Server translates human readable machine name to IP
address. Every machine on the Internet has a unique IP address. A server generally
has a static IP address. To connect to a server, the client needs to know the IP of
the server. However, user generally uses the name to connect to the server. Thus,
the switch DNS client program (such as a browser) will ask the DNS to resolve the
IP address of the named server.
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2-2. Typical Applications
The GSW-2496 L2 Managed Switch implements 8 Gigabit Ethernet TP ports
with auto MDIX and 16 slots for the removable module supporting comprehensive
fiber types of connection, including LC SFP modules. For more details on the
specification of the switch, please refer to Appendix A.
The switch is suitable for the following applications.
⎯
Central Site/Remote site application is used in carrier or ISP (See Fig. 2-13)
Central Site
Fig. 2-13 Network Connection between Remote Site and Central Site
Fig. 2-13 is a system wide basic reference connection diagram. This diagram
demonstrates how the switch connects with other network devices and hosts.
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3.
Operation of
Web-based Management
This chapter instructs you how to configure and manage the GSW-2496 L2
Managed Switch through the web user interface it supports, to access and manage
the 8-Port 10/100/1000Mbps TP and 16-Port Gigabit SFP Fiber management
Ethernet switch. With this facility, you can easily access and monitor through any
one port of the switch all the status of the switch, including MIBs status, each port
activity, Spanning tree status, port aggregation status, multicast traffic, VLAN and
priority status, even illegal access record and so on.
The default values of the managed switch are listed in the table below:
IP Address
192.168.1.1
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
Default Gateway 192.168.1.254
Username
Password
admin
admin
Table 3-1
After the managed switch has been finished configuration in the CLI via the
the address row in a browser, it will show the following screen (see Fig.3-1) and ask
you inputting username and password in order to login and access authentication.
The default username and password are both “admin”. For the first time to use,
please enter the default username and password, then click the <Login> button.
The login process now is completed.
Just click the link of “Forget Password” in WebUI (See Fig. 3-1) or input
“Ctrl+Z” in CLI’s login screen (See Fig. 4-1~4-2) in case the user forgets the
manager’s password. Then, the system will display a serial No. for the user. Write
down this serial No. and contact your vendor, the vendor will give you a temporary
password. Use this new password as ID and Password, and it will allow the user to
login the system with manager authority temporarily. Due to the limit of this new
password, the user only can login the system one time, therefore, please modify
your password immediately after you login in the system successfully.
In this login menu, you have to input the complete username and password
respectively, the switch will not give you a shortcut to username automatically. This
looks inconvenient, but safer.
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In the switch, it supports a simple user management function allowing only
one administrator to configure the system at the same time. If there are two or more
users using administrator’s identity, the switch will allow the only one who logins first
to configure the system. The rest of users, even with administrator’s identity, can
only monitor the system. For those who have no administrator’s identity, can only
monitor the system. There are only a maximum of three users able to login
simultaneously in the switch.
To optimize the display effect, we recommend you use Microsoft IE 6.0
above, Netscape V7.1 above or FireFox V1.00 above and have the resolution
1024x768. The switch supported neutral web browser interface.
In Fig. 3-2, for example, left section is the whole function tree with web user
interface and we will travel it through this chapter.
Fig. 3-1
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3-1. Web Management Home Overview
After you login, the switch shows you the system information as Fig. 3-2. This
page is default and tells you the basic information of the system, including “Model
Name”, “System Description”, “Location”, “Contact”, “Device Name”, “System Up
Time”, “Current Time”, “BIOS Version”, “Firmware Version”, “Hardware-Mechanical
Version”, “Serial Number”, “Host IP Address”, “Host Mac Address”, “Device Port”,
“RAM Size” and “Flash Size”. With this information, you will know the software
version used, MAC address, serial number, how many ports good and so on. This is
helpful while malfunctioning.
Fig. 3-2
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• The Information of Page Layout
⎯
On the top side, it shows the front panel of the switch. In the front panel, the
linked ports will display green; as to the ports, which are link off, they will be
dark. For the optional modules, the slot will show only a cover plate if no
module exists and will show a module if a module is present. The image of
module depends on the one you inserted. The same, if disconnected, the port
will show just dark, if linked, green.
In this device, there are clicking functions on the panel provided for the
information of the ports. These are very convenient functions for browsing the
information of a single port. When clicking the port on the front panel, an
information window for the port will be pop out. (See Fig. 3-3)
Fig. 3-3 port detail information
In Fig. 3-3, it shows the basic information of the clicked port. With this, you’ll
see the information about the port status, traffic status and bandwidth rating for
egress and ingress respectively.
⎯
On the left-top corner, there is a pull-down list for Auto Logout. For the sake of
security, we provide auto-logout function to protect you from illegal user as you
are leaving. If you do not choose any selection in Auto Logout list, it means
you turn on the Auto Logout function and the system will be logged out
automatically when no action on the device 3 minutes later. If OFF is chosen,
the screen will keep as it is. Default is ON.
⎯
On the left side, the main menu tree for web is listed in the page. They are
hierarchical menu. Open the function folder, a sub-menu will be shown. The
functions of each folder are described in its corresponded section respectively.
When clicking it, the function is performed. The following list is the full function
tree for web user interface.
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Root
System
Mirror
Port
Bandwidth
Loop Detection
IGMP Snooping
DHCP Boot
MAC Table
STP
QoS
SNMP
Max. Packet Length
VLAN
GVRP
Trunk
802.1X
Alarm
Configuration
TFTP Server
Firmware Upgrade
Diagnostics
Log
Reboot
Logout
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3-1-1. System Information
Function name:
System Information
Function description:
Show the basic system information.
Parameter description:
Model name:
The model name of this device.
System description:
As it is, this tells what this device is. Here, it is “L2 Managed Switch”.
Location:
Basically, it is the location where this switch is put. User-defined.
Contact:
For easily managing and maintaining device, you may write down the
contact person and phone here for getting help soon. You can configure
this parameter through the device’s user interface or SNMP.
Device name:
The name of the switch. User-defined. Default is GSW-2496.
System up time:
The time accumulated since this switch is powered up. Its format is day,
hour, minute, second.
Current time:
Show the system time of the switch. Its format: day of week, month, day,
hours : minutes : seconds, year. For instance, Wed, Apr. 23, 12:10:10,
2004.
BIOS version:
The version of the BIOS in this switch.
Firmware version:
The firmware version in this switch.
Hardware-Mechanical version:
The version of Hardware and Mechanical. The figure before the hyphen is
the version of electronic hardware; the one after the hyphen is the version
of mechanical.
Serial number:
The serial number is assigned for the production.
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Host IP address:
The IP address of the switch.
Host MAC address:
It is the Ethernet MAC address of the management agent in this switch.
Device Port:
Show all types and numbers of the port in the switch.
RAM size:
The size of the DRAM in this switch.
Flash size:
The size of the flash memory in this switch.
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3-1-2. IP Configuration
IP configuration is one of the most important configurations in the switch.
Without the proper setting, network manager will not be able to manage or view the
device. The switch supports both manual IP address setting and automatic IP
address setting via DHCP server. When IP address is changed, you must reboot the
switch to have the setting taken effect and use the new IP to browse for web
management and CLI management.
Fig. 3-4 IP Address Configuration
Function name:
IP Configuration
Function description:
Set IP address, subnet mask, default gateway and DNS for the switch.
Parameter description:
DHCP Setting:
DHCP is the abbreviation of Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. Here
DHCP means a switch to turn ON or OFF the function.
The switch supports DHCP client used to get an IP address automatically if
you set this function “Enable”. When enabled, the switch will issue the
request to the DHCP server resided in the network to get an IP address. If
DHCP server is down or does not exist, the switch will issue the request
and show IP address is under requesting, until the DHCP server is up.
Before getting an IP address from DHCP server, the device will not
continue booting procedures. If set this field “Disable”, you’ll have to input
IP address manually. For more details about IP address and DHCP, please
see the Section 2-1-5 “IP Address Assignment” in this manual.
Default: Disable
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IP address:
Users can configure the IP settings and fill in new values if users set the
DHCP function “Disable”. Then, click <Apply> button to update.
When DHCP is disabled, Default: 192.168.1.1
If DHCP is enabled, this field is filled by DHCP server and will not allow
user manually set it any more.
Subnet mask:
Subnet mask is made for the purpose to get more network address
because any IP device in a network must own its IP address, composed of
Network address and Host address, otherwise can’t communicate with
other devices each other. But unfortunately, the network classes A, B, and
C are all too large to fit for almost all networks, hence, subnet mask is
introduced to solve this problem. Subnet mask uses some bits from host
address and makes an IP address looked Network address, Subnet mask
number and host address. It is shown in the following figure. This reduces
the total IP number of a network able to support, by the amount of 2 power
of the bit number of subnet number (2^(bit number of subnet number)).
32 bits
Network ID
Network ID
Host ID
Host ID
Subnet number
Subnet mask is used to set the subnet mask value, which should be the
same value as that of the other devices resided in the same network it
attaches.
For more information, please also see the Section 2-1-5 “IP Address
Assignment” in this manual.
Default: 255.255.255.0
Default gateway:
Set an IP address for a gateway to handle those packets that do not meet
the routing rules predefined in the device. If a packet does not meet the
criteria for other pre-defined path, it must be forwarded to a default router
on a default path. This means any packet with undefined IP address in the
routing table will be sent to this device unconditionally.
Default: 192.168.1.254
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DNS:
It is Domain Name Server used to serve the translation between IP
address and name address.
The switch supports DNS client function to re-route the mnemonic name
address to DNS server to get its associated IP address for accessing
Internet. User can specify a DNS IP address for the switch. With this, the
switch can translate a mnemonic name address into an IP address.
There are two ways to specify the IP address of DNS. One is fixed mode,
which manually specifies its IP address, the other is dynamic mode, which
is assigned by DHCP server while DHCP is enabled. DNS can help you
easily remember the mnemonic address name with the meaningful words
in it. Default is no assignment of DNS address.
Default: 0.0.0.0
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3-1-3. Time Configuration
The switch provides manual and automatic ways to set the system time via
NTP. Manual setting is simple and you just input “Year”, “Month”, “Day”, “Hour”,
“Minute” and “Second” within the valid value range indicated in each item. If you
input an invalid value, for example, 61 in minute, the switch will clamp the figure to
59.
NTP is a well-known protocol used to synchronize the clock of the switch
has been adopted on the system is version 3 protocol. The switch provides four
built-in NTP server IP addresses resided in the Internet and an user-defined NTP
server IP address. The time zone is Greenwich-centered which uses the expression
form of GMT+/- xx hours.
Function name:
Time
Function description:
Set the system time by manual input or set it by syncing from Time servers.
The function also supports daylight saving for different area’s time adjustment.
Parameter description:
Current Time:
Show the current time of the system.
Manual:
This is the function to adjust the time manually. Filling the valid figures in
the fields of Year, Month, Day, Hour, Minute and Second respectively and
press <Apply> button, time is adjusted. The valid figures for the parameter
Year, Month, Day, Hour, Minute and Second are >=2000, 1-12, 1-31, 0-23,
0-59 and 0-59 respectively. Input the wrong figure and press <Apply>
button, the device will reject the time adjustment request. There is no time
zone setting in Manual mode.
Default: Year = 2000, Month = 1, Day = 1
Hour = 0,
Minute = 0, Second = 0
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NTP:
NTP is Network Time Protocol and is used to sync the network time based
Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). If use the NTP mode and select a built-in
NTP time server or manually specify an user-defined NTP server as well
as Time Zone, the switch will sync the time in a short after pressing
<Apply> button. Though it synchronizes the time automatically, NTP does
not update the time periodically without user’s processing.
Time Zone is an offset time off GMT. You have to select the time zone first
and then perform time sync via NTP because the switch will combine this
time zone offset and updated NTP time to come out the local time,
otherwise, you will not able to get the correct time. The switch supports
configurable time zone from –12 to +13 step 1 hour.
Default Time zone: +8 Hrs.
Daylight Saving:
Daylight saving is adopted in some countries. If set, it will adjust the time
lag or in advance in unit of hours, according to the starting date and the
ending date. For example, if you set the day light saving to be 1 hour.
When the time passes over the starting time, the system time will be
increased one hour after one minute at the time since it passed over. And
when the time passes over the ending time, the system time will be
decreased one hour after one minute at the time since it passed over.
The switch supports valid configurable day light saving time is –5 ~ +5 step
one hour. The zero for this parameter means it need not have to adjust
current time, equivalent to in-act daylight saving. You don’t have to set the
starting/ending date as well. If you set daylight saving to be non-zero, you
have to set the starting/ending date as well; otherwise, the daylight saving
function will not be activated.
Default for Daylight Saving: 0.
The following parameters are configurable for the function Daylight Saving
and described in detail.
Day Light Saving Start :
This is used to set when to start performing the day light saving time.
Mth:
Range is 1 ~ 12.
Default: 1
Day:
Range is 1 ~ 31.
Default: 1
Hour:
Range is 0 ~ 23.
Default: 0
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Day Light Saving End :
This is used to set when to stop performing the daylight saving time.
Mth:
Range is 1 ~ 12.
Default: 1
Day:
Range is 1 ~ 31.
Default: 1
Hour:
Range is 0 ~ 23.
Default: 0
Fig. 3-5
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3-1-4. Account Configuration
In this function, only administrator can create, modify or delete the username
and password. Administrator can modify other guest identities’ password without
confirming the password but it is necessary to modify the administrator-equivalent
identity. Guest-equivalent identity can modify his password only. Please note that
you must confirm administrator/guest identity in the field of Authorization in advance
before configuring the username and password. Only one administrator is allowed
to exist and unable to be deleted. In addition, up to 4 guest accounts can be created.
The default setting for user account is:
Username : admin
Password : admin
The default setting for guest user account is:
Username : guest
Password : guest
Fig. 3-6
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3-1-5. Management Policy
Through the management security configuration, the manager can do the
strict setup to control the switch and limit the user to access this switch.
The following rules are offered for the manager to manage the switch:
Rule 1) : When no lists exists, then it will accept all connections.
Accept
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Rule 2) : When only “accept lists” exist, then it will deny all connections,
excluding the connection inside of the accepting range.
Accept
Deny
Accept
Deny
Accept
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Rule 3) : When only “deny lists” exist, then it will accept all connections,
excluding the connection inside of the denying range.
Deny
Accept
Deny
Accept Deny
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Rule 4) : When both “accept and deny” lists exist, then it will deny all
connections, excluding the connection inside of the accepting range.
Accept Deny
Deny
Deny
Accept
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Rule 5) : When both “accept and deny” lists exist, then it will deny all
connections, excluding the connection inside of the accepting range and NOT
inside of the denying range at the same time.
Accept
Accept
Deny
Deny| Acc | Deny | Acc
| Deny
----------------------------------------------------------------------
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Function name:
Management Security Configuration
Function description:
The switch offers Management Security Configuration function. With this
function, the manager can easily control the mode that the user connects to
the switch. According to the mode, users can be classified into two types:
Those who are able to connect to the switch (Accept) and those who are
unable to connect to the switch (Deny). Some restrictions also can be placed
on the mode that the user connect to the switch, for example, we can decide
that which VLAN VID is able to be accepted or denied by the switch, the IP
range of the user could be accepted or denied by the switch, the port that the
user is allowed or not allowed to connect with the switch, or the way of
controlling and connecting to the switch via Http, Telnet or SNMP.
Fig. 3-7
Parameter description:
Name:
A name is composed of any letter (A-Z, a-z) and digit (0-9) with maximal 8
characters.
VID:
The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid VLAN VID,
including “Any” and “Custom”. Default is “Any”. When you choose
“Custom”, you can fill in VID number. The valid VID range is 1~4094.
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IP Range:
The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid IP Range,
including “Any” and “Custom”. Default is “Any”. In case that” Custom” had
been chosen, you can assigned effective IP range. The valid range is
0.0.0.0~255.255.255.255.
Incoming Port:
The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid Port Range,
including “Any” and “Custom”. Default is “Any”. You can select the ports
that you would like them to be worked and restricted in the management
security configuration if ”Custom” had been chosen.
Access Type:
The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid Access Type,
including “Any” and “Custom”. Default is “Any”. “Http”, “Telnet” and “SNMP”
are three ways for the access and managing the switch in case that”
Custom” had been chosen.
Action:
The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid Action Type,
including “Deny” and “Accept”. Default is “Deny”. When you choose “Deny”
action, you will be restricted and refused to manage the switch due to the
“Access Type” you choose. However, while you select “Accept” action, you
will have the authority to manage the switch.
Edit/Create:
A new entry of Management Security Configuration can be created after
the parameters as mentioned above had been setup and then press
<Edit/Create> button. Of course, the existed entry also can be modified by
pressing this button.
Delete:
Remove the existed entry of Management Security Configuration from the
management security table.
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3-1-6. Virtual Stack
Function name:
Virtual Stack
Function description:
Virtual Stack Management(VSM) is the group management function. Through
the proper configuration of this function, switches in the same LAN will be
grouped automatically. And among these switch, one switch will be a master
machine, and the others in this group will become the slave devices.
VSM offers a simple centralized management function. It is not necessary to
remember the address of all devices, manager is capable of managing the
network with knowing the address of the Master machine. Instead of SNMP or
Telnet UI, VSM is only available in Web UI. While one switch become the
Master, two rows of buttons for group device will appear on the top of its Web
UI. By pressing these buttons, user will be allowed to connect the Web UI of
the devices of the group in the same window without the login of these device.
The most top-left button is only for Master device(See Fig.3-9). The
background color of the button you press will be changed to represent that the
device is under your management.
Note: It will remove the grouping temporarily in case that you login the switch
via the console.
The device of the group will be shown as station address ( the last number of
IP Address) + device name on the button (e.g. 196_GSW-2496), otherwise it
will show ” ---- “ if no corresponding device exists.
Once the devices join the group successfully, then they are merely able to be
managed via Master device, and user will fail to manage them via
telnet/console/web individually.
Up to 16 devices can be grouped for VSM, however, only one Master is allowed
to exist in each group. For Master redundancy, user may configure more than
two devices as Master device, however, the Master device with the smaller
MAC value will be the Master one. All of these 16 devices can become Master
device and back up with each other .
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Fig. 3-8
Parameter description:
State:
It is used for the activation or de-activation of VSM. Default is Enable.
Role:
The role that the switch would like to play in virtual stack. Two types of
roles, including master and slave are offered for option. Default is Master.
Group ID:
It is the group identifier (GID) which signs for VSM. Valid letters are A-Z, a-
z, 0-9, “ - “ and “_” characters. The maximal length is 15 characters.
Fig. 3-9
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3-2. Port Configuration
Five functions, including Port Status, Port Configuration, Port Description,
Simple Counter and Detail Counter are contained in this function folder for port
monitor and management. Each of them will be described in detail orderly in the
following sections.
Port Configuration
Status
Configuration
Description
Simple Counter
Detail Counter
3-2-1.Port Status
The function Port Status gathers the information of all ports’ current status
and reports it by the order of port number, link status, port state, Auto-Negotiation
status, speed/duplex and flow control. An extra media type information for the
module port 9 to 24 is also offered (See Fig. 3-11).
Fig. 3-10
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Function name:
Port Status
Function Description:
Report the latest updated status of all ports in this switch. When any one of the
ports in the switch changes its parameter displayed in the page, it will be
automatically refreshed the port current status about every 5 seconds.
Parameter Description:
Port No:
Display the port number. The number is 1 – 24.
Media:
Show the media type adopted in all ports. The Port 9 to Port 24 are SFP
fiber modules, which support fiber media with Gigabit Ethernet (1000Mbps)
only. They may have different media types and speed. Especially, fiber port
has comprehensive types of connector, distance, fiber mode and so on.
The switch describes the module ports with the following page.
Link:
Show that if the link on the port is active or not. If the link is connected to a
working-well device, the Link will show the link “Up”; otherwise, it will show
“Down”. This is determined by the hardware on both devices of the
connection.
No default value.
State:
Show that the communication function of the port is “Enabled” or
“Disabled”. When it is enabled, traffic can be transmitted and received via
this port. When it is disabled, no traffic can be transferred through this port.
Port State is configured by user.
Default: Enabled.
Auto Negotiation:
Show the exchange mode of Ethernet MAC. There are two modes
supported in the switch. They are auto-negotiation mode “Enabled” and
forced mode “Disabled”. When in “Enabled” mode, this function will
automatically negotiate by hardware itself and exchange each other the
capability of speed and duplex mode with other site which is linked, and
comes out the best communication way. When in “Disabled” mode, both
parties must have the same setting of speed and duplex, otherwise, both
of them will not be linked. In this case, the link result is “Down”.
Default: Enabled
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Speed / Duplex Mode:
Display the speed and duplex of all port. There are three speeds 10Mbps,
100Mbps and 1000Mbps supported for TP media, and the duplex
supported is half duplex and full duplex. If the media is 1Gbps fiber, it is
1000Mbps supported only. The status of speed/duplex mode is determined
by 1) the negotiation of both local port and link partner in “Auto Speed”
mode or 2) user setting in “Force” mode. The local port has to be preset its
capability.
Default: None, depends on the result of the negotiation.
Flow Control:
Show each port’s flow control status.
There are two types of flow control in Ethernet, Backpressure for half-
duplex operation and Pause flow control (IEEE802.3x) for full-duplex
operation. The switch supports both of them.
Default: Disabled
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Fig. 3-11
Parameter description of Port 9~24:
Connector Type:
Display the connector type, for instance, UTP, SC, ST, LC and so on.
Fiber Type:
Display the fiber mode, for instance, Multi-Mode, Single-Mode.
Tx Central Wavelength:
Display the fiber optical transmitting central wavelength, for instance,
850nm, 1310nm, 1550nm and so on.
Baud Rate:
Display the maximum baud rate of the fiber module supported, for
instance, 10M, 100M, 1G and so on.
Vendor OUI:
Display the Manufacturer's OUI code which is assigned by IEEE.
Vendor Name:
Display the company name of the module manufacturer.
Vendor P/N:
Display the product name of the naming by module manufacturer.
Vendor Rev (Revision):
Display the module revision.
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Vendor SN (Serial Number):
Show the serial number assigned by the manufacturer.
Date Code:
Show the date this SFP module was made.
Temperature:
Show the current temperature of SFP module.
Vcc:
Show the working DC voltage of SFP module.
Mon1(Bias) mA:
Show the Bias current of SFP module.
Mon2(TX PWR):
Show the transmit power of SFP module.
Mon3(RX PWR):
Show the receiver power of SFP module.
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3-2-2. Port Configuration
Port Configuration is applied to change the setting of each port. In this
configuration function, you can set/reset the following functions. All of them are
described in detail below.
Fig. 3-12
Function name:
Port Configuration
Function description:
It is used to set each port’s operation mode. The switch supports 3 parameters
for each port. They are state, mode and flow control.
Parameter description:
State:
Set the communication capability of the port is Enabled or Disabled. When
enabled, traffic can be transmitted and received via this port. When
disabled, the port is blocked and no traffic can be transferred through this
port. Port State is configurable by the user. There are only two states
“Enable” and “Disable” able to choose. If you set a port’s state “Disable”,
then that port is prohibited to pass any traffic, even it looks Link up.
Default: Enable.
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Mode:
Set the speed and duplex of the port. In speed, if the media is 1Gbps fiber,
it is always 1000Mbps and the duplex is full only. If the media is TP, the
Speed/Duplex is comprised of the combination of speed mode,
10/100/1000Mbps, and duplex mode, full duplex and half duplex. The
following table summarized the function the media supports.
Media type
NWay
Speed
Duplex
1000M TP
1000M Fiber ON/OFF
ON/OFF
10/100/1000M
1000M
Full for all, Half for 10/100
Full
In Auto-negotiation mode, no default value. In Forced mode, default value
depends on your setting.
Flow Control:
There are two modes to choose in flow control, including Enable and
Disable. If flow control is set Enable, both parties can send PAUSE frame
to the transmitting device(s) if the receiving port is too busy to handle.
When it is set Disable, there will be no flow control in the port. It drops the
packet if too much to handle.
Default: Enable.
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3-2-3. Port Description
Port Description is applied to add name for each port. In this function, you
can set the following functions. All of them are described in detail below.
Fig. 3-12
Function name:
Port Description
Function description:
It is used to set each port’s name. It is convenient way to show each port’s
connection instead by Port Number only.
Parameter description:
Description:
Set the Description for each port and click Apply to take effect changes.
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3-2-4. Simple Counter
The function of Simple Counter collects any information and provides the
counting about the traffic of the port, no matter the packet is good or bad.
In the Fig. 3-13, the window can show all ports’ counter information at the
same time. Each data field has 20-digit long. If the counting is overflow, the counter
will be reset and restart counting. The data is updated every time interval defined by
the user. The valid range is 3 to 10 seconds. The Refresh Interval is used to set the
update frequency. Default update time is 3 seconds.
Fig. 3-13
Function name:
Simple Counter
Function description:
Display the summary counting of each port’s traffic, including Tx Byte, Rx Byte,
Tx Packet, Rx Packet, Tx Collision and Rx Error Packet.
Parameters description:
Tx Byte:
Total transmitted bytes.
Rx Byte:
Total received bytes.
Tx Packet:
The counting number of the packet transmitted.
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Rx Packet:
The counting number of the packet received.
Tx Collision:
Number of collisions transmitting frames experienced.
Rx Error Packet:
Number of bad packets received.
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3-2-5. Detail Counter
The function of Detail Counter collects any information and provides the
counting about the traffic of the port, no matter the packet is good or bad.
In the Fig. 3-14, the window can show only one port counter information at
the same time. To see another port’s counter, you have to pull down the list of
Select, then you will see the figures displayed about the port you had chosen.
Each data field has 20-digit long. If the counting is overflow, the counter will
be reset and restart counting. The data is updated every time interval defined by the
user. The valid range is 3 to 10 seconds. The Refresh Interval is used to set the
update frequency. Default update time is 3 seconds.
Fig. 3-14
Function name:
Detail Counter
Function description:
Display the detailed counting number of each port’s traffic. In the Fig. 3-14, the
window can show all counter information of each port at one time.
Parameter description:
Rx Packets:
The counting number of the packet received.
RX Octets:
Total received bytes.
Rx High Priority Packets:
Number of Rx packets classified as high priority.
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Rx Low Priority Packets:
Number of Rx packets classified as low priority.
Rx Broadcast:
Show the counting number of the received broadcast packet.
Rx Multicast:
Show the counting number of the received multicast packet.
Tx Packets:
The counting number of the packet transmitted.
TX Octets:
Total transmitted bytes.
Tx High Priority Packets:
Number of Tx packets classified as high priority.
Tx Low Priority Packets:
Number of Tx packets classified as low priority.
Tx Broadcast:
Show the counting number of the transmitted broadcast packet.
Tx Multicast:
Show the counting number of the transmitted multicast packet.
Rx 64 Bytes:
Number of 64-byte frames in good and bad packets received.
Rx 65-127 Bytes:
Number of 65 ~ 126-byte frames in good and bad packets received.
Rx 128-255 Bytes:
Number of 127 ~ 255-byte frames in good and bad packets received.
Rx 256-511 Bytes:
Number of 256 ~ 511-byte frames in good and bad packets received.
Rx 512-1023 Bytes:
Number of 512 ~ 1023-byte frames in good and bad packets received.
Rx 1024-Bytes:
Number of 1024-max_length-byte frames in good and bad packets
received.
Tx 64 Bytes:
Number of 64-byte frames in good and bad packets transmitted.
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Tx 65-127 Bytes:
Number of 65 ~ 126-byte frames in good and bad packets transmitted.
Tx 128-255 Bytes:
Number of 127 ~ 255-byte frames in good and bad packets transmitted.
Tx 256-511 Bytes:
Number of 256 ~ 511-byte frames in good and bad packets transmitted.
Tx 512-1023 Bytes:
Number of 512 ~ 1023-byte frames in good and bad packets transmitted.
Tx 1024-Bytes:
Number of 1024-max_length-byte frames in good and bad packets
transmitted.
Rx CRC/Alignment:
Number of Alignment errors and CRC error packets received.
Rx Undersize:
Number of short frames (<64 Bytes) with valid CRC.
Rx Oversize:
Number of long frames(according to max_length register) with valid CRC.
Rx Fragments:
Number of short frames (< 64 bytes) with invalid CRC.
Rx Jabber:
Number of long frames(according tomax_length register) with invalid CRC.
Rx Drops:
Frames dropped due to the lack of receiving buffer.
Rx Errors:
Number of the error packet received.
Tx Collisions:
Number of collisions transmitting frames experienced.
Tx Drops:
Number of frames dropped due to excessive collision, late collision, or
frame aging.
Tx FIFO Drops:
Number of frames dropped due to the lack of transmitting buffer.
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3-3. Mirror
Function name:
Mirror Configuration
Function description:
Mirror Configuration is to monitor the traffic of the network. For example, we
assume that Port A and Port B are Monitoring Port and Monitored Port
respectively, thus, the traffic received by Port B will be copied to Port A for
monitoring.
Note:
When configuring the mirror function, you should avoid setting a port to be a sniffer
port and aggregated port at the same time. It will cause something wrong.
Parameter description:
Mode:
Used for the activation or de-activation of Port Mirror function. Default is
disable.
Monitoring Port:
Set up the port for monitoring. Valid port is Port 1~24 and default is
Port 1.
Monitored Port:
Set up the port for being monitored. Just tick the check box (;) beside the
port x and valid port is Port 1~24.
Fig. 3-15
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3-4. Bandwidth Management
Function name:
Bandwidth Management
Function description:
Bandwidth Management function is used to set up the limit of Ingress and
Egress bandwidth for each port.
Note:
Each port of the switch owns 16KB packet buffer. The packet buffer size will be
reduced when the bandwidth rate limitation is enabled, which may cause that jumbo
frame cannot be forwarded.
Please avoid enabling jumbo frame and bandwidth rating functions at the same time.
Fig. 3-16
Parameter description:
Port Number:
Choose the port that you would like this function to work on it. Valid range
of the port is 1~24.
All Traffic for Ingress Rate Limiting(Policing):
Set up the limit of Ingress bandwidth for the port you choose. Incoming
traffic will be discarded if the rate exceeds the value you set up in Data
Rate field. Pause frames are also generated if flow control is enabled. The
format of the packet limits to unicast, broadcast and multicast. Valid range
is 0~1000.
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Broadcast & Multicasat for Ingress Rate Limiting (Policing):
Set up the limit of Ingress bandwidth for the port you choose. Incoming
traffic will be discarded if the rate exceeds the value you set up in Data
Rate field. The format of the packet limits to broadcast and multicast. Valid
range is 0~1000.
All Traffic for Egress Rate Limiting(Shaping):
Set up the limit of Egress bandwidth for the port you choose. Packet
transmission will be delayed if the rate exceeds the value you set up in
Data Rate field. Traffic may be lost if egress buffers run full. The format of
the packet limits to unicast, broadcast and multicast. Valid range is 0~1000.
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3-5. QoS(Quality of Service) Configuration
The switch offers powerful 5 kinds of QoS functions. There are Per Port
Priority that you can assign each port to different precedence, VLAN Tag priority
that can make precedence of 8 priorities, IP TOS Classification, IP TCP/UDP Port
Classification and IP DiffServe Classification.
In Quality of Service (QoS) Configuration, there is one option named” Default
Class”. As you had selected one of the five QoS functions, then some packets that
did not belong to this QoS setting would be viewed as Default Class. For instance, if
you set QoS function as VLAN Tag Priority mode, and then choose Default Class as
High, finally, the priority of the packets with no tag will be considered as High priority
precedence. The initial value of the Default Class is High.
Fig. 3-17
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Function name:
Per Port Priority
Function description:
We can assign QoS Priority, including High and Low for each port. For
example, if we transmit IP packets from Port 2 and Port 3 at the speed of
1Gbps to Port 1, and set the Class of Port 2 as High and Port 3 as Low, then
the packets of Port 3 will be dropped when the congestion happens because
Port 2 owns higher precedence of transmitting packets.
Parameter description:
Port No:
User can choose the port (1~24) respectively with Priority Class on Per
Port Priority function.
Class:
User can set up High Priority or Low Priority for each port respectively.
Fig. 3-18
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Function name:
VLAN Tag Priority
Function description:
In vlan tag, there are 3 bits belonging to priority. According to these 3 bits, we
could arrange 8 traffics –0 0 0, 0 0 1, 0 1 0, 0 1 1, 1 0 0, 1 0 1, 1 1 0, 1 1 1. We
can set High priority or Low priority for each traffic class. For instance, if we let
VLAN-tagged priority 0 0 0 be high priority and VLAN-tagged priority 0 0 1 be
Low Priority, and then make port 1, 2, 3 be in the vlan 2. We sent the packets
that have the value 0 0 0 in vlan-tagged field and VID equals 2 from the port 2
and the packets that have the value 0 0 1 in vlan-tagged field and VID equals 2
from the port 3 into the switch. We let the two kinds of packets be transmitted
for port 1 until the port results in congestion. The result is that the packets will
be dropped partially from the port 3 because the packets that belong to Low
Priority. For the use of VLAN Tag Priority function, please press <Configure>
button at the right section for setting in advance.
Fig. 3-19
Parameter description:
Quality of Service (QoS) Vlan Tag Configuration:
Used for setting up the QoS belongs to Vlan operation.
Port:
User can set up the port (1~24) respectively to let Vlan Tag QoS function
work on them. If you would like to set up all ports at a time, user is also
allowed to choose “All” in the selection list to simplify the procedure of
configuration.
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Bit 0, Bit 1, Bit 2:
According to the arrangement of VLAN-tagged priority, it can form 8 kinds
of traffics, including 0 0 0, 0 0 1, 0 1 0, 0 1 1, 1 0 0, 1 0 1, 1 1 0
and 1 1 1.
Class:
8 kinds of traffic as mentioned above, user can set up High Priority or Low
Priority for each port respectively.
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Function name:
IP ToS Classification
Function description:
Another QoS function is the application of Layer 3 on network framework. We
focus on TOS field of IP header. There are three bits in TOS field. We means
bit 5~7 of TOS field that we will use. According to these 3 bits, we could
arrange 8 traffics –0 0 0, 0 0 1, 0 1 0, 0 1 1, 1 0 0, 1 0 1, 1 1 0, 1 1 1. As long as
we change bit 5~7 of TOS field of IP header, we will create the 8 traffic packets
we meant before. Moreover, we can set High priority or Low priority for each
traffic class. For instance, if we let TOS 0 0 0 be high priority and TOS 0 0 1 be
Low Priority, we sent in the packets that have bit 5~7 of TOS Field appears 0 0
0 from the port 2 and the packets that have bit 5~7 of TOS Field appears 0 0 1
from the port 3. We let the two kinds of packets be transmitted for port 1 until
the port results in congestion. The result is that the packets will be dropped
partially from the port 3 because the packets that belong to Low Priority.
Fig. 3-20
Parameter description:
Quality of Service (QoS) ToS Configuration:
Used for setting up the QoS in Layer 3.
Port:
User can set up the port (1~24) respectively to let TOS QoS function work
on them. If you would like to set up all ports at a time, user is also allowed
to choose “All” in the selection list to simplify the procedure of configuration.
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Bit 0, Bit 1, Bit 2:
According to the arrangement of Bit 5 ~ Bit 7 in TOS Field of IP Header, it
can form 8 kinds of traffics, including 0 0 0, 0 0 1, 0 1 0, 0 1 1, 1 0 0, 1 0
1, 1 1 0 and 1 1 1.
Class:
8 kinds of traffic as mentioned above, user can set up High Priority or Low
Priority for each port respectively.
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Function name:
IP TCP/UDP Port Classification
Function description:
In L4 QoS Configuration, you can enter one of these special network
transmission events, for example we use” Down prioritize web browsing,
e-
mail, FTP and news “L4 QoS Configuration and click <Apply> button, and then
click <Advance >>> button. We can find Special TCP/UDP port 80, 280, 443,
25, 110, 20, 21, 69, 119, 2009 have already existed and defined for your using
but it is fine that you modify this pre-defined TCP/UDP port with other port
number you prefer. In ” Down prioritize web browsing, e-mail, FTP and news
“ L4 QoS Configuration with default setting, special defined TCP/UDP port
possesses lower QoS traffic than Default class ( all other TCP/UDP ports such
as port 81,82,83,84,85, etc.). Giving an example, when we transmit TCP
packets with port number 80 at each of port 2 and port number 81 at port 3 to
port 1 until the congestion happens. The packets from port 3 will be dropped by
port 1 because the TCP packets have port number 80 is high priority and will
have higher precedence to be sent out from port 1.
Parameter description:
Disable IP TCP/UDP Port Classification:
Belong to the QoS in L4. Just tick the option button and press <Apply>
button to have this function taken affect. Then, click <Advance >>> button
to set up Special TCP/UDP port for QoS.
Down prioritize web browsing, e-mail, FTP and news:
Belong to the QoS in L4. Just tick the option button and press <Apply>
button to have this function taken affect. Then, click <Advance >>> button
to set up Special TCP/UDP port for QoS.
Prioritize IP Telephony (VoIP):
Belong to the QoS in L4. Just tick the option button and press <Apply>
button to have this function taken affect. Then, click <Advance >>> button
set up Special TCP/UDP port for QoS.
Prioritize iSCSI:
Belong to the QoS in L4. Just tick the option button and press <Apply>
button to have this function taken affect. Then, click <Advance >>> button
to set up Special TCP/UDP port for QoS.
Prioritize web browsing, e-mail, FTP transfers and news:
Belong to the QoS in L4. Just tick the option button and press <Apply>
button to have this function taken affect. Then, click <Advance >>> button
to set up Special TCP/UDP port for QoS.
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Prioritize Streaming Audio/Video:
Belong to the QoS in L4. Just tick the option button and press <Apply>
button to have this function taken affect. Then, click <Advance >>> button
set up Special TCP/UDP port for QoS.
Prioritize Databases (Oracle, IBM DB2, SQL, Microsoft):
Belong to the QoS in L4. Just tick the option button and press <Apply>
button to have this function taken affect. Then, click <Advance >>> button
to set up Special TCP/UDP port for QoS.
Advanced Mode:
Display the TCP/UDP port number in L4 QoS. In “Disable IP TCP/UDP
Port Classification” mode, user can randomly choose TCP/UDP port
number that L4 QoS will affect. As to other special L4 QoS events, Special
TCP/UDP port number will be took action. Of course, user could be
allowed to add or modify the port number at random. For instance, if we
choose “Down prioritize web browsing, e-mail, FTP and news” as the QoS
of L4 and enter the “Advanced Mode”, then we can see that some special
port number 80, 280, 443, 25, 110, 20, 21, 69, 119, 2009 have been
configured already. User also has the right to modify these port numbers.
The display is shown as Fig. 3-21.
Special TCP/UDP class:
There are two modes for selection, including Low and High.
Default class (all other TCP/UDP ports):
There are two modes for selection, including Low and High.
Port:
User can set up the port (1~24) respectively to let Special TDP/UDP
class function work on them. If you would like to set up all ports at a
time, user is allowed to choose “All” selection to simplify the procedure
of configuration.
Special UDP/TCP Port Selection:
The following are port numbers defined by six specific networks in L4:
⎯
Down prioritize web browsing, e-mail, FTP and news:
port number 80,280,443,25,110,20,21,69,119,2009
⎯
⎯
⎯
Prioritize IP Telephony (VoIP):1718,1719,1720
Prioritize iSCSI:3225,3260,3420
Prioritize web browsing, e-mail, FTP transfers and news:
80,280,443,25,110,20,21,69,119,2009
⎯
⎯
Prioritize Streaming Audio/Video: 2979,1755,7070,7071,554,8000
Prioritize Databases (Oracle, IBM DB2, SQL, Microsoft):
66,1571,1575,523,118,156,3306,1232,1433,1434
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Fig. 3-21 Advanced Mode
Fig. 3-22 Simple Mode
Simple Mode:
Press <Simple<<> button is to return to the screen that all L4 port number
will disappear (See Fig. 3-22).
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Function name:
IP Diffserv Classification
Function description:
In the late 1990s, the IETF redefined the meaning of the 8-bit SERVICE TYPE
field to accommodate a set of differentiated services (DS). Under the
differentiated services interpretation, the first six bits comprise a codepoint,
which is sometimes abbreviated DSCP, and the last two bits are left unused.
IP Diffserve Classification function, it can form total 64 (0~63) kinds of Traffic
Class based on the arrangement of 6-bit field in DSCP of the IP packet. In the
switch, user is allowed to set up these 64 kinds of Class that belong to High or
Low Priority.
Parameter description:
IP Differentiated Services (DiffServ) Configuration:
Used for setting up the IP Differentiated Services Configuration QoS.
Diffserv:
Display 64 (0~63) DiffServ Priority items.
Class:
64 kinds of traffic as we mentioned above, user can set up High Priority or
Low Priority for each port respectively.
Fig. 3-23
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3-6. Loop Detection
Looping will always occur when the switches are connected as a cycle and a
switchtransmits the packets that will go back to the transmitted switch. Loop
Detection willprevent the looping from happening. Moreover, it could remove the
loopingphenomenon per port. In general, you can unplug the cable connection to
stop thelooping when a port causes the looping. The switch has powerful Looping
Detectioncapability, which could cease the looping immediately.
Function name:
Loop Detection
Function description:
This function will start when you enable looping action by ticking the check
box (;) of the Action. That will create some special packet for looping
detection. After enabling looping action, you should decide which port you
would like to open loop detection capability. For example, you open the
loop detection of port 1 as enable state. When the looping situation
happens from port 1, Loop Detection will lock the port1’s ability. And then
you will see that the “Current Status” of port 1 shows Locked. In port status
function, you can see that the State of Port Configuration of port 1 is
“Disabled”. So the port 1 will lose the essential ability the port could have.
However, “Resume Action” in Loop Detection will remove the looping
status. It is very convenient for looping happening in real networking
environment. After any setting you done, please click the <Apply> button
to have the setting taken effect. When looping has already happened, we
suggest that the users could choose the looping port as “Enable” in
advance. And then tick the check box (;) of the Action. That will get the
better result for Looping removing.
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Parameters description:
State:
Open the Loop Detection capability per port. The list has “Enable” and
“Disable”. Default is “Disable”.
Current Status:
Show the looping status per port. It could be “Unlocked or Locked”. Default
is “Unlocked”. When some port happens looping, it will show “Locked”
Resume Action:
Remove the looping status per port. Just tick the check box (;) of the
Unlock to open resume action per port.
Refresh:
“Refresh” button could appear the instant Current Status of Loop Detection.
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3-7. SNMP Configuration
Any Network Management System (NMS) running the Simple Network
Management Protocol (SNMP) can manage the Managed devices equipped with
SNMP agent, provided that the Management Information Base (MIB) is installed
correctly on the managed devices. The SNMP is a protocol that is used to govern
the transfer of information between SNMP manager and agent and traverses the
Object Identity (OID) of the management Information Base (MIB), described in the
form of SMI syntax. SNMP agent is running on the switch to response the request
issued by SNMP manager.
Basically, it is passive except issuing the trap information. The switch
supports a switch to turn on or off the SNMP agent. If you set the field SNMP
“Enable”, SNMP agent will be started up. All supported MIB OIDs, including RMON
MIB, can be accessed via SNMP manager. If the field SNMP is set “Disable”, SNMP
agent will be de-activated, the related Community Name, Trap Host IP Address,
Trap and all MIB counters will be ignored.
Function name:
SNMP Configuration
Function description:
This function is used to configure SNMP settings, community name, trap host
and public traps as well as the throttle of SNMP. A SNMP manager must pass the
authentication by identifying both community names, then it can access the MIB
information of the target device. So, both parties must have the same community
name. Once completing the setting, click <Apply> button, the setting takes effect.
Parameters description:
SNMP:
The term SNMP here is used for the activation or de-activation of SNMP.
Default is Enable.
Get/Set/Trap Community:
Community name is used as password for authenticating if the requesting
network management unit belongs to the same community group. If they
both don’t have the same community name, they don’t belong to the same
group. Hence, the requesting network management unit can not access
the device with different community name via SNMP protocol; If they both
have the same community name, they can talk each other.
Community name is user-definable with a maximum length of 15
characters and is case sensitive. There is not allowed to put any blank in
the community name string. Any printable character is allowable.
The community name for each function works independently. Each
function has its own community name. Say, the community name for GET
only works for GET function and can’t be applied to other function such as
SET and Trap.
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Default SNMP function : Enable
Default community name for GET: public
Default community name for SET: private
Default community name for Trap: public
Default Set function : Enable
Default trap host IP address: 0.0.0.0
Default port number :162
Trap:
In the switch, there are 6 trap hosts supported. Each of them has its own
community name and IP address; is user-definable. To set up a trap host
means to create a trap manager by assigning an IP address to host the
trap message. In other words, the trap host is a network management unit
with SNMP manager receiving the trap message from the managed switch
with SNMP agent issuing the trap message. 6 trap hosts can prevent the
important trap message from losing.
For each public trap, the switch supports the trap event Cold Start, Warm
Start, Link Down, Link Up and Authentication Failure Trap. They can be
enabled or disabled individually. When enabled, the corresponded trap will
actively send a trap message to the trap host when a trap happens. If all
public traps are disabled, no public trap message will be sent. As to the
Enterprise (no. 6) trap is classified as private trap, which are listed in the
Trap Alarm Configuration function folder.
Default for all public traps: Enable.
Fig. 3-24 Community and trap host setting
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3-8. IGMP Snooping
The function, IGMP Snooping, is used to establish the multicast groups to
forward the multicast packet to the member ports, and, in nature, avoids wasting the
bandwidth while IP multicast packets are running over the network. This is because
a switch that does not support IGMP or IGMP Snooping can not tell the multicast
packet from the broadcast packet, so it can only treat them all as the broadcast
packet. Without IGMP Snooping, the multicast packet forwarding function is plain
and nothing is different from broadcast packet.
A switch supported IGMP Snooping with the functions of query, report and
leave, a type of packet exchanged between IP Multicast Router/Switch and IP
Multicast Host, can update the information of the Multicast table when a member
(port) joins or leaves an IP Multicast Destination Address. With this function, once a
switch receives an IP multicast packet, it will forward the packet to the members
who joined in a specified IP multicast group before.
The packets will be discarded by the IGMP Snooping if the user transmits
multicast packets to the multicast group that had not been built up in advance.
Fig. 3-25
Function name:
IGMP Snooping Status
Function description:
IGMP is used to snoop the status of IP multicast groups and display its
associated information in both tagged VLAN and non-tagged VLAN networks.
Enabling IGMP with either passive or active mode, you can monitor the IGMP
snooping information, which contains the multicast member list with the
multicast groups, VID and member port.
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Parameter description:
IGMP snooping mode selection:
The switch supports three kinds of IGMP Snooping status, including
“Passive”, “Active” and “Disable”.
Disable:
Set “Disable” mode to disable IGMP Snooping function.
Default: Disable
Active:
In Active mode, IGMP snooping switch will periodically issue the
Membership Query message to all hosts attached to it and gather
the Membership report message to update the database of the
Multicast table. By the way, this also reduces the unnecessary
multicast traffic.
Passive:
In Passive Snooping mode, the IGMP snooping will not periodically
poll the hosts in the groups. The switch will send a Membership
Query message to all hosts only when it has received a
Membership Query message from a router.
IP Address:
Show all multicast groups IP addresses that are registered on this device.
VLAN ID:
Show VLAN ID for each multicast group.
Member Port:
Show member ports that join each multicast group. Member port may be
only or more than one.
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Function name:
Allowed Group
Function description:
The Allowed Group function allows the IGMP Snooping to set up the IP
multicast table based on user’s specific conditions. IGMP report packets that
meet the items you set up will be joined or formed the multicast group.
Fig. 3-26
Parameter description:
IP Range:
The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid IP range,
including “Any” and “Custom”. Default is “Any”. In case that” Custom” had
been chosen, you can assigned effective IP range. The valid range is
224.0.0.0~239.255.255.255.
VID:
The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid VLAN VID,
including “Any” and “Custom”. Default is “Any”. When you choose
“Custom”, you can fill in VID number. The valid VID range is 1~4094.
Port:
The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid port range,
including “Any” and “Custom”. Default is “Any”. You can select the ports
that you would like them to be worked and restricted in the allowed group
configuration if ”Custom” had been chosen.
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Add:
Edit:
A new entry of allowed group configuration can be created after the
parameters as mentioned above had been setup and then press <Add>
button.
The existed entry also can be modified after pressing <Edit> button.
Delete:
Remove the existed entry of allowed group configuration from the allowed
group.
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3-9. Max. Packet Length
Function name:
Max. Packet Length
Function description:
The switch is capable of dealing with 9k Jumbo Frames, which suits the
transmission for a large amount of data in the network environment.
Parameter description:
Jumbo Frame(bytes):
Set up the maximum length of the packet that each port of the switch can
accept. Maximum length can be up to 1532 bytes or 9216 bytes. The
default is 1532 bytes.
Fig. 3-27
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3-10. DHCP Boot
The DHCP Boot function is used to spread the request broadcast packet into
a bigger time frame to prevent the traffic congestion due to broadcast packets from
many network devices which may seek its NMS, boot server, DHCP server and
many connections predefined when the whole building or block lose the power and
then reboot and recover. At this moment, a bunch of switch or other network device
on the LAN will try its best to find the server to get the services or try to set up the
predefined links, they will issue many broadcast packets in the network.
The switch supports a random delay time for DHCP and boot delay for each
device. This suppresses the broadcast storm while all devices are at booting stage
in the same time. The maximum user-defined delay time is 30 sec. If DHCP
Broadcasting Suppression function is enabled, the delay time is set randomly,
ranging from 0 to 30 seconds, because the exactly delay time is computed by the
switch itself. The default is “Disable”.
Fig. 3-28
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3-11. VLAN
The switch supports Tag-based VLAN (802.1q) and Port-based VLAN.
Support 256 active VLANs and VLAN ID 1~4094. VLAN configuration is used to
partition your LAN into small ones as your demand. Properly configuring it, you can
gain not only improving security and increasing performance but greatly reducing
VLAN management.
3-11-1. VLAN Mode
Function name:
VLAN Mode Setting
Function description:
The VLAN Mode Selection function includes five modes: Port-based, Tag-
based, Metro Mode, Double-tag and Disable, you can choose one of them by
pulling down list and selecting an item. Then, click <Apply> button, the settings
will take effect immediately.
Parameter description:
VLAN Mode:
Disable:
Stop VLAN function on the switch. In this mode, no VLAN is applied to
the switch. This is the default setting.
Port-based:
Port-based VLAN is defined by port. Any packet coming in or outgoing
from any one port of a port-based VLAN will be accepted. No filtering
criterion applies in port-based VLAN. The only criterion is the physical
port you connect to. For example, for a port-based VLAN named
PVLAN-1 contains port members Port 1&2&3&4. If you are on the port
1, you can communicate with port 2&3&4. If you are on the port 5,
then you cannot talk to them. Each port-based VLAN you built up must
be assigned a group name. This switch can support up to maximal 24
port-based VLAN groups.
Tag-based:
Tag-based VLAN identifies its member by VID. This is quite different
from port-based VLAN. If there are any more rules in ingress filtering
list or egress filtering list, the packet will be screened with more
filtering criteria to determine if it can be forwarded. The switch
supports supplement of 802.1q. For more details, please see the
section VLAN in Chapter 3.
Each tag-based VLAN you built up must be assigned VLAN name and
VLAN ID. Valid VLAN ID is 1-4094. User can create total up to 64 Tag
VLAN groups.
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Metro Mode:
The Metro Mode is a quick configuration VLAN environment method
on Port-based VLAN. It will create 22 or 23 Port-based VLAN groups.
Double-tag:
Double-tag mode belongs to the tag-based mode, however, it would
treat all frames as the untagged ones, which means that tag with PVID
will be added into all packets. Then, these packets will be forwarded
as Tag-based VLAN. So, the incoming packets with tag will become
the double-tag ones.
Fig. 3-29
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Up-link Port:
This function is enabled only when metro mode is chosen in VLAN mode.
23:
Except Port 23, each port of the switch cannot transmit packets with
each other. Each port groups a VLAN with Port 23, thus, total 23
groups consisting of 2 members are formed.
24:
Except Port 24, each port of the switch cannot transmit packets with
each other. Each port groups a VLAN with Port 24, thus, total 23
groups consisting of 2 members are formed.
23&24:
Except Port 23 and Port 24, each port of the switch cannot transmit
packets with each other. Each port groups a VLAN with Port 23 and
Port 24, thus, total 22 groups consisting of 3 members are formed.
Fig. 3-30
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3-11-2. Tag-based Group
Function name:
Tag-based Group Configuration
Function description:
It shows the information of existed Tag-based VLAN Groups, You can also
easily create, edit and delete a Tag-based VLAN group by pressing <Add>,
<Edit> and <Delete> function buttons. User can add a new VLAN group by
inputting a new VLAN name and VLAN ID.
Parameter description:
VLAN Name:
The name defined by administrator is associated with a VLAN group. Valid
letters are A-Z, a-z, 0-9, “ - “ and “_” characters. The maximal length is 15
characters.
VID:
VLAN identifier. Each tag-based VLAN group has a unique VID. It appears
only in tag-based and Double-tag mode.
SYM-VLAN:
While the SYM-VLAN function of the group is enabled, all packets with this
group VID will be dropped in case they are transmitted from the ports that
do not belong to this group.
Member:
This is used to enable or disable if a port is a member of the new added
VLAN, “Enable” means it is a member of the VLAN. Just tick the check box
(;) beside the port x to enable it.
Fig. 3-31
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Add Group:
Create a new Tag-based VLAN. Input the VLAN name as well as VID,
configure the SYM-VLAN function and choose the member by ticking the
check box beside the port No., then, press the <Apply> button to have the
setting taken effect.
Fig. 3-32
Delete Group:
Just press the <Delete> button to remove the selected group entry from
the Tag-based group table.
Fig. 3-33
Edit a group:
Just select a group entry and press the <Edit> button, then you can
modify a group’s description, SYM-VLAN and member set.
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3-11-3. Port-based Group
Function name:
Port-based Group Configuration
Function description:
It shows the information of the existed Port-based VLAN Groups. You can
easily create, edit and delete a Port-based VLAN group by pressing <Add>,
<Edit> and <Delete> function buttons. User can add a new VLAN group by
inputting a new VLAN name.
Parameter description:
VLAN Name:
The name defined by administrator is associated with a VLAN group. Valid
letters are A-Z, a-z, 0-9, “ - “ and “_” characters. The maximal length is 15
characters.
Member:
This is used to enable or disable if a port is a member of the new added
VLAN, “Enable” means it is a member of the VLAN. Just tick the check box
(;) beside the port x to enable it.
Fig. 3-34
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Add Group:
Create a new Port-based VLAN. Input the VLAN name and choose the
member by ticking the check box beside the port No., then, press the
<Apply> button to have the setting taken effect.
Fig. 3-35
Delete Group:
Just press the <Delete> button to remove the selected group entry from
the Port-based group table.
Fig. 3-36
Edit a group:
Just select a group entry and press the <Edit> button, then you can
modify a group‘s description and member set.
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3-11-4. Tag Rule
Function name:
Tag Rule
Function description:
In VLAN Tag Rule Setting, user can input VID number to each port. The range
of VID number is from 1 to 4094. User also can choose ingress filtering rules to
each port. There are two ingress filtering rules which can be applied to the
switch. The Ingress Filtering Rule 1 is “forward only packets with VID matching
this port’s configured VID”. The Ingress Filtering Rule 2 is “drop untagged
frame”. You can also select the Role of each port as Access, Trunk, or Hybrid.
Parameter description:
Port 1-24:
Port number.
PVID:
This PVID range will be 1-4094. Before you set a number x as PVID, you
have to create a Tag-based VLAN with VID x. For example, if port x
receives an untagged packet, the switch will apply the PVID (assume as
VID y) of port x to tag this packet, the packet then will be forwarded as the
tagged packet with VID y.
Rule 1:
Forward only packets with VID matching this port’s configured VID. You
can apply Rule 1 as a way to a given port to filter unwanted traffic. In Rule
1, a given port checks if the given port is a member of the VLAN on which
the received packet belongs to, to determine forward it or not. For example,
if port 1 receives a tagged packet with VID=100 (VLAN name=VLAN100),
and if Rule 1 is enabled, the switch will check if port 1 is a member of
VLAN100. If yes, the received packet is forwarded; otherwise, the received
packet is dropped.
Rule 2:
Drop untagged frame. You can configure a given port to accept all frames
(Tagged and Untagged) or just receive tagged frame. If the former is the
case, then the packets with tagged or untagged will be processed. If the
later is the case, only the packets carrying VLAN tag will be processed, the
rest packets will be discarded.
Note: If Rule 1 is enabled and port 1, for example, receives an untagged packet,
the switch will apply the PVID of port 1 to tag this packet, the packet then will
be forwarded. But if the PVID of port 1 is 100 and port 1 is not member of
VLAN 100, the packet will be dropped.
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Role:
This is an egress rule of the port. Here you can choose Access, Trunk or
Hybrid. Trunk means the outgoing packets must carry VLAN tag header.
Access means the outgoing packets carry no VLAN tag header. If packets
have double VLAN tags, one will be dropped and the other will still be left.
As to Hybrid, it is similar to Trunk, and both of them will tag-out. When the
port is set to Hybrid, its packets will be untagged out if the VID of the
outgoing packets with tag is the same as the one in the field of Untag VID
of this port.
Untag VID:
Valid range is 1~4094. It works only when Role is set to Hybrid.
Fig. 3-37
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3-12. MAC Table
MAC Table Configuration gathers many functions, including MAC Table
Information, MAC Table Maintenance, Static Forward, Static Filter and MAC Alias,
which cannot be categorized to some function type. They are described below.
Function name:
MAC Table Information
Function Description:
Display the static or dynamic learning MAC entry and the state for the selected
port.
Parameter description:
Port:
Select the port you would like to inquire.
Search:
Set up the MAC entry you would like to inquire.
The default is ??-??-??-??-??-??
MAC:
Display the MAC address of one entry you selected from the searched
MAC entries table.
Alias:
Set up the Alias for the selected MAC entry.
Set Alias:
Save the Alias of MAC entry you set up.
Search:
Find the entry that meets your setup.
Previous Page:
Move to the previous page.
Next Page:
Move to the next page.
Alias:
The Alias of the searched entry.
MAC Address:
The MAC address of the searched entry.
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Port:
The port that exists in the searched MAC Entry.
VID:
VLAN Group that MAC Entry exists.
State:
Display the method that this MAC Entry is built. It may show “Dynamic
MAC” or “Static MAC”.
Fig. 3-38
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Function Name:
MAC Table Maintenance
Function Description:
This function can allow the user to set up the processing mechanism of MAC
Table. An idle MAC address exceeding MAC Address Age-out Time will be
removed from the MAC Table. The range of Age-out Time is 10-65535 seconds,
and the setup of this time will have no effect on static MAC addresses.
Parameter description:
Aging Time:
Delete a MAC address idling for a period of time from the MAC Table,
which will not affect static MAC address. Range of MAC Address Aging
Time is 10-65535 seconds. The default Aging Time is 300 seconds.
Flush:
Remove all entries that do not belong to the static Mac Entry from the MAC
Table.
Fig. 3-39
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Function Name:
Static Forward
Function Description:
Static Forward is a function that allows the user in the static forward table to
access a specified port of the switch. Static Forward table associated with a
specified port of a switch is set up by manually inputting MAC address and its
alias name.
When a MAC address is assigned to a specific port, all of the switch’s traffics
sent to this MAC address will be forwarded to this port.
For adding a MAC address entry in the allowed table, you just need to fill in four
parameters: MAC address, associated port, VID and Alias. Just select the
existed MAC address entry you want and click <Delete> button, you also can
remove it.
Parameter description:
MAC:
It is a six-byte long Ethernet hardware address and usually expressed by
hex and separated by hyphens. For example,
00 – 11 – 6B - D6 – 00 - 01
Port No:
Port number of the switch. It is 1 ~24.
VID:
VLAN identifier. This will be filled only when tagged VLAN is applied. Valid
range is 1 ~ 4094.
Alias:
MAC alias name you assign.
Fig. 3-40
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Function name:
Static Filter
Function Description:
Static Filter is a function that denies the packet forwarding if the packet’s MAC
Address is listed in the filtering Static Filter table. User can very easily maintain
the table by filling in MAC Address, VID (VLAN ID) and Alias fields individually.
User also can delete the existed entry by clicking <Delete> button.
Parameter description:
MAC:
It is a six-byte long Ethernet hardware address and usually expressed by
hex and separated by hyphens. For example,
00 – 11 – 6B – D6 – 00 – 02
VID:
VLAN identifier. This will be filled only when tagged VLAN is applied. Valid
range is 1 ~ 4094.
Alias:
MAC alias name you assign.
Fig. 3-41
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Function name:
MAC Alias
Function description:
MAC Alias function is used to let you assign MAC address a plain English
name. This will help you tell which MAC address belongs to which user in the
illegal access report. At the initial time, it shows all pairs of the existed alias
name and MAC address.
There are three MAC alias functions in this function folder, including MAC Alias
Add, MAC Alias Edit and MAC Alias Delete. You can click <Create/Edit> button
to add/modify a new or an existed alias name for a specified MAC address, or
mark an existed entry to delete it. Alias name must be composed of A-Z, a-z
and 0-9 only and has a maximal length of 15 characters.
Function name:
MAC Alias Create/Edit or Delete
Function description:
In the MAC Alias function, MAC Alias Add/Edit function is used to let you add or
modify an association between MAC address and a plain English name. User
can click <Create/Edit> button to add a new record with name.
As to MAC Alias Delete function is used to let you remove an alias name to a
MAC address. You can select an existed MAC address or alias name to
remove.
Fig. 3-42
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Parameter description:
MAC Address:
It is a six-byte long Ethernet hardware address and usually expressed by
hex and separated by hyphens. For example,
00 – 11 – 6B – D6 – 00 – 01
Alias:
MAC alias name you assign.
Note: If there are too many MAC addresses learned in the table, we recommend
you inputting the MAC address and alias name directly.
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3-13. GVRP Configuration
GVRP is an application based on Generic Attribute Registration Protocol
(GARP), mainly used to automatically and dynamically maintain the group
membership information of the VLANs. The GVRP offers the function providing the
VLAN registration service through a GARP application. It makes use of GARP
Information Declaration (GID) to maintain the ports associated with their attribute
database and GARP Information Propagation (GIP) to communicate among
switches and end stations. With GID information and GIP, GVRP state machine
maintain the contents of Dynamic VLAN Registration Entries for each VLAN and
propagate these information to other GVRP-aware devices to setup and update
their knowledge database, the set of VLANs associated with currently active
members, and through which ports these members can be reached.
In GVRP Configuration function folder, there are three functions supported,
including GVRP Config, GVRP Counter and GVRP Group explained below.
Fig. 3-43
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Function name:
GVRP Config
Function description:
In the function of GVRP Config, it is used to configure each port’s GVRP
operation mode, in which there are seven parameters needed to be configured
described below.
Parameter description:
GVRP State Setting:
This function is simply to let you enable or disable GVRP function. You can
pull down the list and click the <Downward> arrow key to choose “Enable”
or “Disable”. Then, click the <Apply> button, the system will take effect
immediately.
Join Time:
Used to declare the Join Time in unit of centisecond. Valid time range: 20 –
100 centisecond, Default: 20 centisecond.
Leave Time:
Used to declare the Leave Time in unit of centisecond. Valid time range:
60 –300 centisecond, Default: 60 centisecond.
Leave All Time:
A time period for announcement that all registered device is going to be
de-registered. If someone still issues a new join, then a registration will be
kept in the switch. Valid range: 1000-5000 unit time, Default: 1000 unit time.
Default Applicant Mode:
The mode here means the type of participant. There are two modes,
normal participant and non-participant, provided for the user’s choice.
Normal:
It is Normal Participant. In this mode, the switch participates
normally in GARP protocol exchanges. The default setting is
Normal.
Non-Participant:
It is Non-Participant. In this mode, the switch does not send or
reply any GARP messages. It just listens messages and reacts
for the received GVRP BPDU.
Default Registrar Mode:
The mode here means the type of Registrar. There are three types of
parameters for registrar administrative control value, normal registrar, fixed
registrar and forbidden registrar, provided for the user’s choice.
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Normal:
It is Normal Registration. The Registrar responds normally to
incoming GARP messages. The default setting is Normal.
Fixed:
It is Registration Fixed. The Registrar ignores all GARP
messages, and all members remain in the registered (IN) state.
Forbidden:
It is Registration Forbidden. The Registrar ignores all GARP
messages, and all members remain in the unregistered (EMPTY)
state.
Restricted Mode:
This function is used to restrict dynamic VLAN be created when this port
received GVRP PDU. There are two modes, disable and enable, provided
for the user’s choice.
Disabled:
In this mode, the switch dynamic VLAN will be created when this
port received GVRP PDU. The default setting is Normal.
Enabled:
In this mode, the switch does not create dynamic VLAN when this
port received GVRP PDU. Except received dynamic VLAN
message of the GVRP PDU is an existed static VLAN in the
switch, this port will be added into the static VLAN members
dynamically.
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Function name:
GVRP Counter
Function description:
All GVRP counters are mainly divided into Received and Transmitted two
categories to let you monitor the GVRP actions. Actually, they are GARP
packets.
Fig. 3-44
Parameter description:
Received:
Total GVRP Packets:
Total GVRP BPDU is received by the GVRP application.
Invalid GVRP Packets:
Number of invalid GARP BPDU is received by the GARP
application.
LeaveAll Message Packets:
Number of GARP BPDU with Leave All message is received by the
GARP application.
JoinEmpty Message Packets:
Number of GARP BPDU with Join Empty message is received by the
GARP application.
JoinIn Message Packets:
Number of GARP BPDU with Join In message is received by the
GARP application.
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LeaveEmpty Message Packets:
Number of GARP BPDU with Leave Empty message is received by
the GARP application.
Empty Message Packets:
Number of GARP BPDU with Empty message is received by the
GARP application.
Transmitted:
Total GVRP Packets:
Total GARP BPDU is transmitted by the GVRP application.
Invalid GVRP Packets:
Number of invalid GARP BPDU is transmitted by the GVRP
application.
LeaveAll Message Packets:
Number of GARP BPDU with Leave All message is transmitted
by the GARP application.
JoinEmpty Message Packets:
Number of GARP BPDU with Join Empty message is transmitted by
the GARP application.
JoinIn Message Packets:
Number of GARP BPDU with Join In message is transmitted by the
GARP application.
LeaveEmpty Message Packets:
Number of GARP BPDU with Leave Empty message is transmitted by
the GARP application.
Empty Message Packets:
Number of GARP BPDU with Empty message is transmitted by the
GARP application.
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Function name:
GVRP Group Information
Function description:
To show the dynamic group member and their information.
Parameter description:
VID:
VLAN identifier. When GVRP group creates, each dynamic VLAN group
owns its VID. Valid range is 1 ~ 4094.
Member Port:
Those are the members belonging to the same dynamic VLAN group.
Edit Administrative Control:
When you create GVRP group, you can use Administrative Control
function to change Applicant Mode and Registrar Mode of GVRP group
member.
Refresh:
Refresh function can help you to see current GVRP group status.
Fig. 3-45
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3-14. STP Configuration
The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is a standardized method (IEEE 802.1D)
for avoiding loops in switched networks. When STP is enabled, ensure that only
one path is active between any two nodes on the network at a time. User can
enable Spanning Tree Protocol on switch’s web management and then set up other
advanced items. We recommend that you enable STP on all switches to ensure a
single active path on the network.
3-14-1. STP Status
Function name:
STP Status
Function description:
In the Spanning Tree Status, user can read 12 parameters to know STP current
status. The 12 parameters’ description is listed in the following table.
Parameter description:
STP State:
Show the current STP Enabled / Disabled status. Default is “Disabled”.
Bridge ID:
Show switch’s bridge ID which stands for the MAC address of this switch.
Bridge Priority:
Show this switch’s current bridge priority setting. Default is 32768.
Designated Root:
Show root bridge ID of this network segment. If this switch is a root bridge,
the “Designated Root” will show this switch’s bridge ID.
Designated Priority:
Show the current root bridge priority.
Root Port:
Show port number connected to root bridge with the lowest path cost.
Root Path Cost:
Show the path cost between the root port and the designated port of the
root bridge.
Current Max. Age:
Show the current root bridge maximum age time. Maximum age time is
used to monitor if STP topology needs to change. When a bridge does not
receive a hello message from root bridge until the maximum age time is
counted down to 0, the bridge will treat the root bridge malfunctioned and
issue a Topology Change Notification (TCN) BPDU to all other bridges.
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All bridges in the LAN will re-learn and determine which the root bridge is.
Maximum Age time is assigned by root bridge in unit of seconds. Default is
20 seconds.
Current Forward Delay:
Show the current root bridge forward delay time. The value of Forward
Delay time is set by root. The Forward Delay time is defined as the time
spent from Listening state moved to Learning state or from Learning state
moved to Forwarding state of a port in bridge.
Hello Time:
Show the current hello time of the root bridge. Hello time is a time interval
specified by root bridge, used to request all other bridges periodically
sending hello message every “hello time” seconds to the bridge attached
to its designated port.
STP Topology Change Count:
STP Topology Change Count expresses the time spent in unit of seconds
since the beginning of the Spanning Tree Topology Change to the end of
the STP convergence. Once the STP change is converged, the Topology
Change count will be reset to 0. The figures showing in the screen may not
be the exact time it spent but very close to, because the time is eclipsing.
Time Since Last Topology Change:
Time Since Last Topology Change is the accumulated time in unit of
seconds the STP has been since the last STP Topology Change was made.
When Topology Change is initiated again, this counter will be reset to 0.
And it will also count again once STP topology Change is completed.
Fig. 3-46
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3-14-2. STP Configuration
The STP, Spanning Tree Protocol, actually includes RSTP. In the Spanning
Tree Configuration, there are six parameters open for the user to configure as
user’s idea. Each parameter description is listed below.
Function name:
STP Configuration
Function description:
User can set the following Spanning Tree parameters to control STP function
enable/disable, select mode RSTP/STP and affect STP state machine behavior
to send BPDU in this switch. The default setting of Spanning Tree Protocol is
“Disable”.
Parameter description:
Spanning Tree Protocol:
Set 802.1W Rapid STP function Enable / Disable. Default is “Disable”
Bridge Priority:
The lower the bridge priority is, the higher priority it has. Usually, the bridge
with the highest bridge priority is the root. If you want to have the GSW-
2496 as root bridge, you can set this value lower than that of bridge in the
LAN. The valid value is 0 ~ 61440. The default is 32768.
Hello Time:
Hello Time is used to determine the periodic time to send normal BPDU
from designated ports among bridges. It decides how long a bridge should
send this message to other bridge to tell I am alive. When the GSW-2496
is the root bridge of the LAN, for example, all other bridges will use the
hello time assigned by this switch to communicate with each other. The
valid value is 1 ~ 10 in unit of second.
Default is 2 seconds.
Max. Age:
When the GSW-2496 is the root bridge, the whole LAN will apply this
figure set by this switch as their maximum age time. When a bridge
received a BPDU originated from the root bridge and if the message age
conveyed in the BPDU exceeds the Max. Age of the root bridge, the bridge
will treat the root bridge malfunctioned and issue a Topology Change
Notification (TCN) BPDU to all other bridges. All bridges in the LAN will re-
calculate and determine who the root bridge is. The valid value of Max.
Age is 6 ~ 40 seconds. Default is 20 seconds.
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Forward Delay:
You can set the root bridge forward delay time. This figure is set by root
bridge only. The forward delay time is defined as the time spent from
Listening state moved to Learning state and also from Learning state
moved to Forwarding state of a port in bridge. The forward delay time
contains two states, Listening state to Learning state and Learning state to
Forwarding state. It assumes that forward delay time is 15 seconds, then
total forward delay time will be 30 seconds. This has much to do with the
STP convergent time which will be more than 30 seconds because some
other factors.
The valid value is 4 ~ 30 seconds, default is 15 seconds.
Force Version:
Two options are offered for the user’s choosing STP algorithm. One is
RSTP and the other is STP. If STP is chosen, RSTP will run as a legacy
STP. The switch supports RSTP (802.1w) which is backward compatible
with STP (802.1d).
Fig. 3-47
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3-14-3. STP Port Configuration
Function name:
STP Port Setting
Function description:
In the STP Port Setting, one item selection and five parameters settings are
offered for user’s setup. User can disable and enable each port by selecting
each Port Status item. User also can set “Path Cost” and “Priority” of each port
by filling in the desired value and set “Admin Edge Port” and “Admin Point To
Point” by selecting the desired item.
Parameter description:
Port Status:
It displays the current state of a port. We cannot manually set it because it
displays the status only. There are three possible states. ( according to
802.1w specification)
ꢁDISCARDING state indicates that this port can neither forward packets
nor contribute learning knowledge.
Notice: Three other states (Disable state, BLOCKING state and LISTENING
state) defined in the 802.1d specification are now all represented as
DISCARDING state.
ꢁLEARNING state indicates this port can now contribute its learning
knowledge but cannot forward packets still.
ꢁFORWARDING state indicates this port can both contribute its learning
knowledge and forward packets normally.
Path Cost Status:
It is the contribution value of the path through this port to Root Bridge. STP
algorithm determines a best path to Root Bridge by calculating the sum of
path cost contributed by all ports on this path. A port with a smaller path
cost value would become the Root Port more possibly.
Configured Path Cost:
The range is 0 – 200,000,000. In the switch, if path cost is set to be zero,
the STP will get the recommended value resulted from auto-negotiation of
the link accordingly and display this value in the field of Path Cost Status.
Otherwise, it may show the value that the administrator set up in
Configured Path Cost and Path Cost Status.
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802.1w RSTP recommended value: (Valid range: 1 – 200,000,000)
10 Mbps : 2,000,000
100 Mbps : 200,000
1 Gbps : 20,000
Default: 0
Priority:
Priority here means Port Priority. Port Priority and Port Number are mixed
to form the Port ID. Port IDs are often compared in order to determine
which port of a bridge would become the Root Port. The range is 0 – 240.
Default is 128.
Admin Edge Port:
If user selects “Yes”, this port will be an edge port. An Edge Port is a port
connected to a device that knows nothing about STP or RSTP. Usually, the
connected device is an end station. Edge Ports will immediately transit to
forwarding state and skip the listening and learning state because the edge
ports cannot create bridging loops in the network. This will expedite the
convergence. When the link on the edge port toggles, the STP topology
keeps unchanged. Unlike the designate port or root port though, an edge
port will transit to a normal spanning-tree port immediately if it receives a
BPDU.
Default: No
Admin Point To Point:
We say a port is a point-to-point link, from RSTP’s view, if it is in full-duplex
mode but is shared link if it is in half-duplex mode. RSTP fast convergence
can only happen on point-to-point links and on edge ports. This can
expedite the convergence because this will have the port fast transited to
forwarding state.
There are three parameters, Auto, True and False, used to configure the
type of the point-to-point link. If configure this parameter to be Auto, it
means RSTP will use the duplex mode resulted from the auto-negotiation.
In today’s switched networks, most links are running in full-duplex mode.
For sure, the result may be half-duplex, in this case, the port will not fast
transit to Forwarding state. If it is set as True, the port is treated as point-
to-point link by RSTP and unconditionally transited to Forwarding state. If it
is set as False, fast transition to Forwarding state will not happen on this
port.
Default: Auto
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M Check:
Migration Check. It forces the port sending out an RSTP BPDU instead of
a legacy STP BPDU at the next transmission. The only benefit of this
operation is to make the port quickly get back to act as an RSTP port. Click
<M Check> button to send a RSTP BPDU from the port you specified.
Fig. 3-48
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3-15. Trunking Configuration
The Port Trunking Configuration is used to configure the settings of Link
Aggregation. You can bundle more than one port with the same speed, full duplex
and the same MAC to be a single logical port, thus the logical port aggregates the
bandwidth of these ports. This means you can apply your current Ethernet
equipments to build the bandwidth aggregation. For example, if there are three
Fast Ethernet ports aggregated in a logical port, then this logical port has bandwidth
three times as high as a single Fast Ethernet port has.
The switch supports two kinds of port trunking methods:
LACP:
Ports using Link Aggregation Control Protocol (according to IEEE 802.3ad
specification) as their trunking method can choose their unique LACP
GroupID (1~8) to form a logic “trunked port”. The benefit of using LACP is
that a port makes an agreement with its peer port before it becomes a
ready member of a “trunk group” (also called aggregator). LACP is safer
than the other trunking method - static trunk.
The switch LACP does not support the followings:
⎯
⎯
⎯
⎯
Link Aggregation across switches
Aggregation with non-IEEE 802.3 MAC link
Operating in half-duplex mode
Aggregate the ports with different data rates
Static Trunk:
Ports using Static Trunk as their trunk method can choose their unique
Static GroupID (also 1~8, this Static groupID can be the same with another
LACP groupID) to form a logic “trunked port”. The benefit of using Static
Trunk method is that a port can immediately become a member of a trunk
group without any handshaking with its peer port. This is also a
disadvantage because the peer ports of your static trunk group may not
know that they should be aggregate together to form a “logic trunked port”.
Using Static Trunk on both end of a link is strongly recommended. Please
also note that low speed links will stay in “not ready” state when using
static trunk to aggregate with high speed links.
As to system restrictions about the port aggregation function on the switch,
In the management point of view, the switch supports maximum 8 trunk groups for
LACP and additional 8 trunk groups for Static Trunk. But in the system capability
view, only 8 “real trunked” groups are supported. An LACP trunk group with more
than one ready member-ports is a “real trunked” group. An LACP trunk group with
only one or less than one ready member-ports is not a “real trunked” group. Any
Static trunk group is a “real trunked” group.
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Per Trunking Group supports a maximum of 12 ready member-ports. Please
note that some decisions will automatically be made by the system while you are
configuring your trunking ports. Some configuration examples are listed below:
a) 12 ports have already used Static Trunk Group ID 1, the 13th port willing
to use the same Static Trunk Group ID will be automatically set to use
the “None” trunking method and its Group ID will turn to 0. This means
the port won’t aggregate with other ports.
b) 14 ports all use LACP Trunk Group ID 1 at most 12 ports can aggregate
together and transit into the ready state.
c) A port using the “None“ trunking method or Group ID 0 will be
automatically set to use the “None” trunking method with Group ID 0.
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Function name:
Port Setting/Status
Function description:
Port setting/status is used to configure the trunk property of each and every
port in the switch system.
Parameter description:
Method:
This determines the method a port uses to aggregate with other ports.
None:
A port does not want to aggregate with any other port should choose
this default setting.
LACP:
A port use LACP as its trunk method to get aggregated with other
ports also using LACP.
Static:
A port use Static Trunk as its trunk method to get aggregated with
other ports also using Static Trunk.
Group:
Ports choosing the same trunking method other than “None” must be
assigned a unique Group number (i.e. Group ID, valid value is from 1 to 8)
in order to declare that they wish to aggregate with each other.
Active LACP:
This field is only referenced when a port’s trunking method is LACP.
Active:
An Active LACP port begins to send LACPDU to its link partner right
after the LACP protocol entity started to take control of this port.
Passive:
A Passive LACP port will not actively send LACPDU out before it
receives an LACPDU from its link partner.
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Aggtr:
Aggtr is an abbreviation of “aggregator”. Every port is also an aggregator,
and its own aggregator ID is the same as its own Port No. We can regard
an aggregator as a representative of a trunking group. Ports with same
Group ID and using same trunking method will have the opportunity to
aggregate to a particular aggregator port. This aggregator port is usually
the port with the smallest Port No. within the trunking group.
Status:
This field represents the trunking status of a port which uses a trunking
method other than “None”. It also represents the management link status
of a port which uses the “None” trunking method. “---“ means “not ready”
Fig.3-49
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Function name:
Aggregator View
Function description:
To display the current port trunking information from the aggregator point of
view.
Parameter description:
Aggregator:
It shows the aggregator ID (from 1 to 24) of every port. In fact, every port is
also an aggregator, and its own aggregator ID is the same as its own Port
No..
Method:
Show the method a port uses to aggregate with other ports.
Member Ports:
Show all member ports of an aggregator (port).
Ready Ports:
Show only the ready member ports within an aggregator (port).
Fig.3-50
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Function name:
LACP Detail (LACP Aggregator Detailed Information)
Function description:
Show the detailed information of the LACP trunking group.
Parameter description:
Actor:
The switch you are watching on.
Partner:
The peer system from this aggregator’s view.
System Priority:
Show the System Priority part of a system ID.
MAC Address:
Show the MAC Address part of a system ID.
Port:
Show the port number part of an LACP port ID.
Key:
Show the key value of the aggregator. The key value is determined by the
LACP protocol entity and can’t be set through management.
Trunk Status:
Show the trunk status of a single member port.”---“ means “not ready”
Fig. 4-51
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Function name:
LACP System Priority
Function description:
It is used to set the priority part of the LACP system ID. LACP will only
aggregate together the ports whose peer link partners are all on a single
system. Each system supports LACP will be assigned a globally unique System
Identifier for this purpose. A system ID is a 64-bit field comprising a 48-bit MAC
Address and 16-bit priority value. The System Priority can be set by the user.
Its range is from 1 to 65535. Default: 32768
Fig.3-52
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3-16. 802.1X Configuration
802.1X port-based network access control provides a method to restrict
users to access network resources via authenticating user’s information. This
restricts users from gaining access to the network resources through a 802.1X-
enabled port without authentication. If a user wishes to touch the network through a
port under 802.1X control, he (she) must firstly input his (her) account name for
authentication and waits for gaining authorization before sending or receiving any
packets from a 802.1X-enabled port.
Before the devices or end stations can access the network resources through
the ports under 802.1X control, the devices or end stations connected to a
controlled port send the authentication request to the authenticator, the
authenticator pass the request to the authentication server to authenticate and verify,
and the server tell the authenticator if the request get the grant of authorization for
the ports.
According to IEEE802.1X, there are three components implemented. They
are Authenticator, Supplicant and Authentication server shown in Fig. 3-53.
Supplicant:
It is an entity being authenticated by an authenticator. It is used to
communicate with the Authenticator PAE (Port Access Entity) by
exchanging the authentication message when the Authenticator PAE
request to it.
Authenticator:
An entity facilitates the authentication of the supplicant entity. It controls
the state of the port, authorized or unauthorized, according to the result of
authentication message exchanged between it and a supplicant PAE. The
authenticator may request the supplicant to re-authenticate itself at a
configured time period. Once start re-authenticating the supplicant, the
controlled port keeps in the authorized state until re-authentication fails.
A port acting as an authenticator is thought to be two logical ports, a
controlled port and an uncontrolled port. A controlled port can only pass the
packets when the authenticator PAE is authorized, and otherwise, an
uncontrolled port will unconditionally pass the packets with PAE group
MAC address, which has the value of 01-80-c2-00-00-03 and will not be
forwarded by MAC bridge, at any time.
Authentication server:
A device provides authentication service, through EAP, to an authenticator
by using authentication credentials supplied by the supplicant to determine
if the supplicant is authorized to access the network resource.
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The overview of operation flow for the Fig. 3-53 is quite simple. When
Supplicant PAE issues a request to Authenticator PAE, Authenticator and
Supplicant exchanges authentication message. Then, Authenticator
passes the request to RADIUS server to verify. Finally, RADIUS server
replies if the request is granted or denied.
While in the authentication process, the message packets, encapsulated
by Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN (EAPOL), are exchanged
between an authenticator PAE and a supplicant PAE. The Authenticator
exchanges the message to authentication server using EAP encapsulation.
Before successfully authenticating, the supplicant can only touch the
authenticator to perform authentication message exchange or access the
network from the uncontrolled port.
Supplicant’s
System
Authentication
Server’s System
Authenticator’s System
Services Offered
by Authenticator
(e.g Bridge Relay)
Supplicant
PAE
Authenticator
Authentication
Server
PAE
Controlled port
Uncontrolled port
Port Authorize
MAC Enable
LAN
Fig. 3-53
In the Fig. 3-54, this is the typical configuration, a single supplicant, an
authenticator and an authentication server. B and C is in the internal network, D is
Authentication server running RADIUS, switch at the central location acts
Authenticator connecting to PC A and A is a PC outside the controlled port, running
Supplicant PAE. In this case, PC A wants to access the services on device B and C,
first, it must exchange the authentication message with the authenticator on the port
it connected via EAPOL packet. The authenticator transfers the supplicant’s
credentials to Authentication server for verification. If success, the authentication
server will notice the authenticator the grant. PC A, then, is allowed to access B and
C via the switch. If there are two switches directly connected together instead of
single one, for the link connecting two switches, it may have to act two port roles at
the end of the link: authenticator and supplicant, because the traffic is bi-directional.
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Authentication server
C
Fig. 3-54
Authenticator
B
Supplicant A
The Fig. 3-55 shows the procedure of 802.1X authentication. There are steps
for the login based on 802.1X port access control management. The protocol used
in the right side is EAPOL and the left side is EAP.
1.
At the initial stage, the supplicant A is unauthenticated and a port
on switch acting as an authenticator is in unauthorized state. So the
access is blocked in this stage.
2.
Initiating a session. Either authenticator or supplicant can initiate
the message exchange. If supplicant initiates the process, it sends
EAPOL-start packet to the authenticator PAE and authenticator will
immediately respond EAP-Request/Identity packet.
3.
4.
5.
The authenticator always periodically sends EAP-Request/Identity
to the supplicant for requesting the identity it wants to be
authenticated.
If the authenticator doesn’t send EAP-Request/Identity, the
supplicant will initiate EAPOL-Start the process by sending to the
authenticator.
And next, the Supplicant replies an EAP-Response/Identity to the
authenticator. The authenticator will embed the user ID into Radius-
Access-Request command and send it to the authentication server
for confirming its identity.
6.
7.
After receiving the Radius-Access-Request, the authentication
server sends Radius-Access-Challenge to the supplicant for asking
for inputting user password via the authenticator PAE.
The supplicant will convert user password into the credential
information, perhaps, in MD5 format and replies an EAP-Response
with this credential information as well as the specified
authentication algorithm (MD5 or OTP) to Authentication server via
the authenticator PAE. As per the value of the type field in message
PDU, the authentication server knows which algorithm should be
applied to authenticate the credential information, EAP-MD5
(Message Digest 5) or EAP-OTP (One Time Password) or other
else algorithm.
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8.
9.
If user ID and password is correct, the authentication server will
send a Radius-Access-Accept to the authenticator. If not correct,
the authentication server will send a Radius-Access-Reject.
When the authenticator PAE receives a Radius-Access-Accept, it
will send an EAP-Success to the supplicant. At this time, the
supplicant is authorized and the port connected to the supplicant
and under 802.1X control is in the authorized state. The supplicant
and other devices connected to this port can access the network. If
the authenticator receives a Radius-Access-Reject, it will send an
EAP-Failure to the supplicant. This means the supplicant is failed to
authenticate. The port it connected is in the unauthorized state, the
supplicant and the devices connected to this port won’t be allowed
to access the network.
10. When the supplicant issue an EAP-Logoff message to
Authentication server, the port you are using is set to be
unauthorized.
Bridge
LAN
Radius Server
PC
Port connect
Access blocked
EAPOL-Start
EAP
EAPOL
Radius
Authenticator
EAP-Request/Identity
EAP-Response/Identity
Radius-Access-Request
Radius-Access-Challenge
EAP-Request
Radius-Access-Request
Radius-Access-Accept
EAP-Response (cred)
EAP-Success
EAP-Failure
EAP-Logoff
Access allowed
Fig. 3-55
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Only Normal 802.1X is the type of authentication supported in the switch. In
this mode, for the devices connected to this port, once a supplicant is authorized,
the devices connected to this port can access the network resource through this
port.
802.1X Port-based Network Access Control function supported by the switch
is little bit complex, for it just support basic Normal mode, which can distinguish the
device’s MAC address and its VID. The following table is the summary of the
combination of the authentication status and the port status versus the status of port
mode, set in 802.1X Port mode, port control state, set in 802.1X port setting. Here
Entry Authorized means MAC entry is authorized.
Port Mode
Port Control
Don’t Care
Auto
Auto
ForceUnauthorized Don’t Care
ForceAuthorized Don’t Care
Authentication
Port Status
Disable
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Don’t Care
Successful
Failure
Port Uncontrolled
Port Authorized
Port Unauthorized
Port Unauthorized
Port Authorized
Table 3-3
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Function name:
802.1X State Setting
Function description:
This function is used to configure the global parameters for RADIUS
authentication in 802.1X port security application.
Parameter description:
Radius Server:
RADIUS server IP address for authentication.
Default: 192.168.1.1
Port Number:
The port number to communicate with RADIUS server for the
authentication service. The valid value ranges 1-65535.
Default port number is 1812.
Secret Key:
The secret key between authentication server and authenticator. It is a
string with the length 1 – 31 characters. The character string may contain
upper case, lower case and 0-9. It is character sense. It is not allowed for
putting a blank between any two characters.
Default: Radius
Fig. 3-56
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Function name:
802.1X Mode Setting
Function description:
Set the operation mode of 802.1X for each port. In this device, it supports only
Normal operation mode.
Parameter description:
Port Number:
Indicate which port is selected to configure the 802.1X operation mode.
802.1X Mode:
802.1X operation mode. There are two options, including Disable and
Normal mode. Default is Disable.
ꢁDisable
It will have the chosen port acting as a plain port, that is no 802.1X port
access control works on the port.
ꢁNormal
In Normal mode, for the devices connected to this port, once a
supplicant is authorized, the devices connected to this port can access
the network resource through this port.
Fig. 3-57
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Function name:
Port Security Management
Function description:
Shows each port status. In Normal mode, it shows the port number and its
status, authorized or unauthorized.
Parameter description:
Disable Mode:
When selecting Disable mode for a port in the function 802.1X Port Mode
Configuration, the port is in the uncontrolled port state and does not apply
802.1X authenticator on it. Any node attached on this port can access the
network without the admittance of 802.1X authenticator. The Port Status
will show the following screen.
Port Number:
The port number to be chosen to show its 802.1X Port Status. The valid
number is Port 1 – 24.
Port Status:
The current 802.1X status of the port. In Disable mode, this field is
Disabled.
802.1X with Normal mode:
When selecting 802.1X with Normal mode for a port in the function 802.1X
Port Mode Configuration, Devices can access the network through this port
once the authenticator is authorized. The Port Status will show the
following screen. If the port is granted to access the network, the port
status is authorized, otherwise, unauthorized.
Fig. 3-58
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Function name:
Param. Setting
Function description:
This function is used to configure the parameters for each port in 802.1X port
security application. Refer to the following parameters description for details.
Parameter description:
Port:
It is the port number to be selected for configuring its associated 802.1X
parameters which are Port control, reAuthMax, txPeriod, Quiet Period,
reAuthEnabled, reAuthPeriod, max. Request, suppTimeout, serverTimeout
and Controlled direction.
Port Control:
This is used to set the operation mode of authorization. There are three
type of operation mode supported, ForceUnauthorized, ForceAuthorized,
Auto.
ꢂ ForceUnauthorized:
The controlled port is forced to hold in the unauthorized state.
ꢂ ForceAuthorized:
The controlled port is forced to hold in the authorized state.
ꢂ Auto:
The controlled port is set to be in authorized state or unauthorized state
depends on the result of the authentication exchange between the
authentication server and the supplicant.
Default: Auto
reAuthMax(1-10):
The number of authentication attempt that is permitted before the port
becomes unauthorized.
Default: 2
txPeriod(1-65535 s):
A time period to transmitted EAPOL PDU between the authenticator and
the supplicant.
Default: 30
Quiet Period(0-65535 s):
A period of time during which we will not attempt to access the supplicant.
Deafult: 60 seconds
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reAuthEnabled:
Choose whether regular authentication will take place in this port.
Default: ON
reAuthPeriod(1-65535 s):
A non-zero number seconds between the periodic re-authentication of the
supplicant.
Default: 3600
max. Request(1-10):
The maximum of number times that the authenticator will retransmit an
EAP Request to the supplicant before it times out the authentication
session. The valid range: 1 – 10.
Default: 2 times
suppTimeout(1-65535 s):
A timeout condition in the exchange between the authenticator and the
supplicant. The valid range: 1 –65535.
Default: 30 seconds.
serverTimeout(1-65535 s):
A timeout condition in the exchange between the authenticator and the
authentication server. The valid range: 1 –65535.
Default: 30 seconds
Fig. 3-59
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3-17. Alarm Configuration
Alarm Configuration
Events Configuration
Email/SMS Configuration
Function name:
Events Configuration
Function description:
The Trap Events Configuration function is used to enable the switch to send out
the trap information while pre-defined trap events occurred. The switch offers
23 different trap events to users for switch management. The trap information
can be sent out in three ways, including email, mobile phone SMS (short
message system) and trap. The message will be sent while users tick (;) the
trap event individually on the web page shown as below.
Parameter description:
Trap: Cold Start, Warm Start, Link Down, Link Up, Authentication
Failure, User login, User logout
STP: STP Topology Changed, STP Disabled, STP Enabled
LACP: LACP Disabled, LACP Enabled, LACP Member Added,
Port Failure
LACP
GVRP: GVRP Disabled, GVRP Enabled
VLAN: VLAN Disabled, Port-based VLAN Enabled, Tag-based VLAN
Enabled, Metro-mode Vlan Enabled, Double-tag Vlan Enabled
Module Swap: Module Inserted, Module Removed
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Fig. 3-60
Function name:
Email/SMS Configuration
Function description:
Alarm configuration is used to configure the persons who should receive the
alarm message via either email or SMS, or both. It depends on your settings.
An email address or a mobile phone number has to be set in the web page of
alarm configuration (See Fig. 3-61). Then, user can read the trap information
from the email or the mobile phone. This function provides 6 email addresses
and 6 mobile phone numbers at most. The 23 different trap events will be sent
out to SNMP Manager when trap event occurs. After ticking trap events, you
can fill in your desired email addresses and mobile phone numbers. Then,
please click <Apply> button to complete the alarm configuration. It will take
effect in a few seconds.
Note: SMS may not work in your mobile phone system. It is customized for different
systems.
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Parameter description:
Email:
Mail Server: the IP address of the server transferring your email.
Username: your username on the mail server.
Password: your password on the mail server.
Email Address 1 – 6: email address that would like to receive the
alarm message.
SMS:
SMS Server: the IP address of the server transferring your SMS.
Username: your username in ISP.
Password: your username in ISP.
Mobile Phone 1-6: the mobile phone number that would like to
receive the alarm message.
Fig. 3-61
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3-18. Configuration
The switch supports three copies of configuration, including the default
configuration, working configuration and user configuration for your configuration
management. All of them are listed and described below respectively.
ƒ Default Configuration:
This is LevelOne’s setting and cannot be altered. In Web UI, two restore
default functions are offered for the user to restore to the default setting of the
switch. One is the function of “Restore Default Configuration included default IP
address”, the IP address will restore to default “192.168.1.1” as you use it. The
other is the function of “Restore Default Configuration without changing current IP
address”, the IP address will keep the same one that you had saved before by
performing this function.
ƒ Working Configuration:
It is the configuration you are using currently and can be changed any time.
The configurations you are using are saved into this configuration file. This is
updated each time as you press <Apply> button.
ƒ User Configuration:
It is the configuration file for the specified or backup purposes and can be
updated while having confirmed the configuration. You can retrieve it by performing
Restore User Configuration.
Fig. 3-62
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3-18-1. Save/Restore
Function name:
Save As Start Configuration
Function description:
Save the current configuration as a start configuration file in flash memory.
Fig. 3-63
Function name:
Save As User Configuration
Function description:
Save the current configuration as a user configuration file in flash memory.
Fig. 3-64
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Function name:
Restore Default Configuration (includes default IP address)
Function description:
Restore Default Configuration function can retrieve LevelOne’s setting to
replace the start configuration. And the IP address of the switch will also be
restored to 192.168.1.1.
Fig. 3-65
Function name:
Restore Default Configuration (excludes current IP address)
Function description:
Restore Default Configuration function can retrieve LevelOne’s setting to
replace the start configuration. However, the switch’s current IP address that
the user set up will not be changed and will NOT be restored to 192.168.1.1 as
well.
Fig. 3-66
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Function name:
Restore User Configuration
Function description:
Restore User Configuration function can retrieve the previous confirmed
working configuration stored in the flash memory to update start configuration.
When completing to restore the configuration, the system’s start configuration
is updated and will be changed its system settings after rebooting the system.
Fig. 3-67
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3-18-2. Config File
Function name:
Config File
Function description:
With this function, user can back up or reload the config files of Save As Start
or Save As User via TFTP.
Parameter description:
Export File Path:
Export Start:
Export Save As Start’s config file stored in the flash.
Export User-Conf:
Export Save As User’s config file stored in the flash.
Import File Path:
Import Start:
Import Save As Start’s config file stored in the flash.
Import User-Conf:
Import Save As User’s config file stored in the flash.
Fig. 3-68
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3-19. Diagnostics
Three functions, including Diagnostics, Loopback Test and Ping Test are
contained in this function folder for device self-diagnostics. Each of them will be
described in detail orderly in the following sections.
Diagnostics
Diagnostics
Loopback Test
Ping Test
Function name:
Diagnostics
Function description:
Diagnostics function provides a set of basic system diagnosis. It let users know
that whether the system is health or needs to be fixed. The basic system check
includes EEPROM test, UART test, DRAM test and Flash test.
Fig. 3-69
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Function name:
Loopback Test
Function description:
In the Loopback Test function, there are two different loopback tests. One is
Internal Loopback Test and the other is External Loopback Test. The former test
function will not send the test signal outside the switch box. The test signal only
wraps around in the switch box. As to the latter test function, it will send the test
signal to its link partner. If you do not have them connected to active network
devices, i.e. the ports are link down, the switch will report the port numbers
failed. If they all are ok, it just shows OK.
Note: Whatever you choose Internal Loopback Test or External Loopback Test,
these two functions will interfere with the normal system working, and all
packets in sending and receiving also will stop temporarily.
Fig. 3-70
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Function name:
Ping Test
Function description:
Ping Test function is a tool for detecting if the target device is alive or not
through ICMP protocol which abounds with report messages. The switch
provides Ping Test function to let you know that if the target device is available
or not. You can simply fill in a known IP address and then click <Ping> button.
After a few seconds later, the switch will report you the pinged device is alive or
dead in the field of Ping Result.
Parameter description:
IP Address:
An IP address with the version of v4, e.g. 192.168.1.1.
Default Gateway:
IP address of the default gateway.
For more details, please see the section of IP address in Chapter 2.
Fig. 3-71
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3-20. TFTP Server
Function name:
TFTP Server
Function description:
Set up IP address of TFTP server.
Parameter description:
Specify the IP address where the TFTP server locates. Fill in the IP address of
your TFTP server, then press <Apply> button to have the setting taken effect.
Fig. 3-72
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3-21. Log
This function shows the log data. The switch provides system log data for
users. There are 18 private trap logs, 5 public trap logs. The switch supports total
120 log entries. For more details on log items, please refer to the section of
Trap/Alarm Configuration and SNMP Configuration.
Function name:
Log Data
Function description:
The Trap Log Data is displaying the log items including all SNMP Private Trap
events, SNMP Public traps and user logs occurred in the system. In the report
table, No., Time and Events are three fields contained in each trap record.
Fig. 3-73
Parameter description:
No.:
Display the order number that the trap happened.
Time:
Display the time that the trap happened.
Events:
Display the trap event name.
Auto Upload Enable:
Switch the enabled or disabled status of the auto upload function.
Upload Log:
Upload log data through tftp.
Clear Log:
Clear log data.
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3-22. Firmware Upgrade
Software upgrade tool is used to help upgrade the software function in order
to fix or improve the function. The switch provides a TFTP client for software
upgrade. This can be done through Ethernet.
Function name:
Firmware Upgrade
Function description:
The switch supports TFTP upgrade tool for upgrading software. If you assure to
upgrade software to a newer version one, you must follow two procedures:
1.) Specifying the IP address where TFTP server locates. In this field, the IP
address of your TFTP server should be filled in.
2.) Specifying what the filename and where the file is. You must specify full path
and filename.
Then, press <Upgrade> button if your download is not successful, the switch
will also be back to “Software Upgrade”, and it will not upgrade the software as well.
When download is completed, the switch starts upgrading software. A reboot
message will be prompted after completing upgrading software. At this time, you
must reboot the switch to have new software worked.
Note: Software upgrade is hazardous if power is off. You must do it carefully.
Parameter description:
TFTP Server: A TFTP server stored the image file you want to upgrade.
Path and Filename: File path and filename stored the image file you want to
upgrade.
Fig. 3-74
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3-23. Reboot
We offer you many ways to reboot the switch, including power up, hardware
reset and software reset. You can press the RESET button in the front panel to
reset the switch. After upgrading software, changing IP configuration or changing
VLAN mode configuration, then you must reboot to have the new configuration
taken effect. Here we are discussing is software reset for the “reboot” in the main
menu.
Function name:
Reboot
Function description:
Reboot the switch. Reboot takes the same effect as the RESET button on the
front panel of the switch. It will take around thirty (30) seconds to complete the
system boot.
Parameter description:
Save and Reboot:
Save the current settings as start configuration before rebooting the switch.
Reboot:
Reboot the system directly.
Fig. 3-75
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3-24. Logout
You can manually logout by performing Logout function. In the switch, it
provides another way to logout. You can configure it to logout automatically.
Function name:
Logout
Function description:
The switch allows you to logout the system to prevent other users from the
system without the permission. If you do not logout and exit the browser, the
switch will automatically have you logout. Besides this manually logout and
implicit logout, you can pull down the <Auto Logout> list at the top-left corner
to explicitly ON/OFF this logout function.
Parameter description:
Auto Logout:
Default is ON. If it is “ON”, and no action and no key is stroke as well in
any function screen more than 3 minutes, the switch will have you logout
automatically.
Fig. 3-76
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4. Operation of CLI
Management
4-1. CLI Management
Refer to Chapter 2 for basic installation. The following description is the brief of the
network connection.
-- Locate the correct DB-9 null modem cable with female DB-9 connector. Null
modem cable comes with the management switch. Refer to the Appendix B for
null modem cable configuration.
-- Attach the DB-9 female connector to the male DB-9 serial port connector on the
Management board.
-- Attach the other end of the DB-9 cable to an ASCII terminal emulator or PC Com-
1, 2 port. For example, PC runs Microsoft Windows HyperTerminal utility.
-- At “Com Port Properties” Menu, configure the parameters as below: (see the next
section)
Baud rate
Stop bits
Data bits
Parity
57600
1
8
N
Flow control
none
4-1-1. Login
The command-line interface (CLI) is a text-based interface. User can access
the CLI through either a direct serial connection to the device or a Telnet session.
The default values of the managed switch are listed below:
Username: admin
Password: admin
After you login successfully, the prompt will be shown as “#“ if you are the
first login person and your authorization is administrator; otherwise it may show “$“.
See the following two figures. The former means you behave as an administrator
and have the access right of the system. As to the latter, it means you behave as a
guest and are only allowed to view the system without the permission to do any
setting for this switch.
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L2 Managed Switch - GSW-2496
Login: admin
Password:
GSW-2496#
Fig. 4-1
L2 Managed Switch - GSW-2496
Login: admin
Password:
GSW-2496$
Fig. 4-2
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4-2. Commands of CLI
To see the commands of the mode, please input “?” after the prompt, then all
commands will be listed in the screen. All commands can be divided into two
categories, including global commands and local commands. Global commands can
be used wherever the mode you are. They are “exit”, “end”, “help”, “history”, “logout”,
“save start”, “save user”, “restore default” and “restore user”. For more details,
please refer to Section 4-2-1.
Command instructions reside in the corresponding modes are local
commands. The same command with the same command name may occur but
perform totally different function in different modes. For example, “show” in IP mode
performs displaying the IP information; however, it performs displaying the system
information in system mode.
L2 Managed Switch - GSW-2496
Login: admin
Password:
GSW-2496# ?
802.1X
account
alarm
autologout
bandwidth
config-file
dhcp-boot
diag
Enter into 802.1X mode
Enter into account mode
Enter into alarm mode
Change autologout time
Enter into bandwidth mode
Enter into config file mode
Enter into dhcp-boot mode
Enter into diag mode
firmware
gvrp
hostname
igmp-snooping
ip
Enter into firmware mode
Enter into gvrp mode
Change hostname
Enter into igmp mode
Enter into ip mode
Enter into log mode
log
loop-detection
mac-table
management
max-pkt-len
mirror
port
Enter into Loop-Detection(LD) mode
Enter into mac table mode
Enter into management mode
Enter into max packet length mode
Enter into mirror mode
Enter into port mode
qos
Enter into qos mode
Reboot the system
Enter into snmp mode
Enter into stp mode
reboot
snmp
stp
system
tftp
time
Enter into system mode
Enter into tftp mode
Enter into time mode
trunk
vlan
Enter into trunk mode
Enter into vlan mode
vs Enter into virtual stack mode
------------<< Global commands >>------------
end
exit
help
Back to the top mode
Back to the previous mode
Show available commands
history
logout
restore
save
Show a list of previously run commands
Logout the system
Restore default or user config
Save as start or user config
GSW-2496#
Fig. 4-3
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4-2-1. Global Commands of CLI
end
Syntax:
end
Description:
Back to the top mode.
When you enter this command, your current position would move to the top mode. If
you use this command in the top mode, you are still in the position of the top mode.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496# alarm
GSW-2496(alarm)# events
GSW-2496(alarm-events)# end
GSW-2496#
exit
Syntax:
exit
Description:
Back to the previous mode.
When you enter this command, your current position would move back to the
previous mode. If you use this command in the top mode, you are still in the position
of the top mode.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496# trunk
GSW-2496(trunk)# exit
GSW-2496#
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help
Syntax:
help
Description:
To show available commands.
Some commands are the combination of more than two words. When you enter this
command, the CLI would show the complete commands. Besides, the command
would help you classify the commands between the local commands and the global
ones.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496# ip
GSW-2496(ip)# help
Commands available:
------------<< Local commands >>------------
set ip
set dns
Set ip,subnet mask and gateway
Set dns
enable dhcp
disable dhcp
show
Enable DHCP, and set dns auto or manual
Disable DHCP
Show IP Configuration
------------<< Global commands >>------------
exit
end
Back to the previous mode
Back to the top mode
help
history
logout
Show available commands
Show a list of previously run commands
Logout the system
save start
save user
restore default
restore user
Save as start config
Save as user config
Restore default config
Restore user config
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history
Syntax:
history [#]
Description:
To show a list of previous commands that you had ever run.
When you enter this command, the CLI would show a list of commands which you
had typed before. The CLI supports up to 256 records. If no argument is typed, the
CLI would list total records up to 256. If optional argument is given, the CLI would
only show the last numbers of records, given by the argument.
Argument:
[#]: show last number of history records. (optional)
Possible value:
[#]: 1, 2, 3, …., 256
Example:
GSW-2496(ip)# history
Command history:
0. trunk
1. exit
2. GSW-2496# trunk
3. GSW-2496(trunk)# exit
4. GSW-2496#
5. ?
6. trunk
7. exit
8. alarm
9. events
10. end
11. ip
12. help
13. ip
14. history
GSW-2496(ip)# history 3
Command history:
13. ip
14. history
15. history 3
GSW-2496(ip)#
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logout
Syntax:
logout
Description:
When you enter this command via Telnet connection, you would logout the system
and disconnect. If you connect the system through direct serial port with RS-232
cable, you would logout the system and be back to the initial login prompt when you
run this command.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496# logout
restore default
Syntax:
restore default
Description:
When you use this function in CLI, the system will show you the information “Do you
want to restore the default IP address?(y/n)”. If you choose Y or y, the IP address
will restore to default “192.168.1.1”. If you choose N or n, the IP address will keep
the same one that you had saved before.
If restoring default successfully, the CLI would prompt if reboot immediately or not. If
you press Y or y, the system would reboot immediately; otherwise, it would be back
to the CLI system. After restoring default configuration, all the changes in the startup
configuration would be lost. After rebooting, the entire startup configuration would
reset to factory default.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496# restore default
Restoring ...
Restore Default Configuration Successfully
Press any key to reboot system.
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restore user
Syntax:
restore user
Description:
To restore the startup configuration as user defined configuration. If restoring default
successfully, the CLI would prompt if reboot immediately or not. If you press Y or y,
the system would reboot immediately; others would back to the CLI system. After
restoring user-defined configuration, all the changes in the startup configuration
would be lost. After rebooting, the entire startup configuration would replace as user
defined one.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496# restore user
Restoring ...
Restore User Configuration Successfully
Press any key to reboot system.
save start
Syntax:
save start
Description:
To save the current configuration as the start one. When you enter this command,
the CLI would save your current configuration into the non-volatile FLASH. If you
want the configuration still works after rebooting, save the configuration using the
command ‘save stat’.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496# save start
Saving start...
Save Successfully
GSW-2496#
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save user
Syntax:
save user
Description:
To save the current configuration as the user-defined configuration. When you enter
this command, the CLI would save your current configuration into the non-volatile
FLASH as user-defined configuration.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496# save user
Saving user...
Save Successfully
GSW-2496#
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4-2-2. Local Commands of CLI
ꢃ802.1X
set max-request
Syntax:
set max-request <port-range> <times>
Description:
The maximum number of times that the state machine will retransmit an EAP
Request packet to the Supplicant before it times out the authentication session.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<times>: max-times , range 1-10
Possible value:
<port range> : 1 to 24
<times>: 1-10, default is 2
Example:
GSW-2496(802.1X)# set max-request 2 2
set mode
Syntax:
set mode <port-range> <mode>
Description:
To set up the 802.1X authentication mode of each port.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<mode>: set up 802.1X mode
0:disable the 802.1X function
1:set 802.1X to Normal mode
Possible value:
<port range> : 1 to 24
<mode>: 0 or 1
Example:
GSW-2496(802.1X)# set mode 2 1
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set port-control
Syntax:
set port-control <port-range> <authorized>
Description:
To set up 802.1X status of each port.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<authorized> : Set up the status of each port
0:ForceUnauthorized
1:ForceAuthorized
2:Auto
Possible value:
<port range> : 1 to 24
<authorized> : 0, 1 or 2
Example:
GSW-2496(802.1X)# set port-control 2 2
set quiet-period
Syntax:
set quiet-period <port-range> <sec>
Description:
A timer used by the Authenticator state machine to define periods of time during
when it will not attempt to acquire a Supplicant.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<sec> : timer , range 0-65535
Possible value:
<port range> : 1 to 24
<sec> : 0-65535, default is 60
Example:
GSW-2496(802.1X)# set quiet-period 2 30
set reAuthEnabled
Syntax:
set reAuthEnabled <port-range> <ebl>
Description:
A constant that define whether regular reauthentication will take place on this port.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<ebl> :
0:OFF Disable reauthentication
1:ON Enable reauthentication
Possible value:
<port range> : 1 to 24
<ebl> : 0 or 1, default is 1
Example:
GSW-2496(802.1X)# set reAuthEnabled 2 1
set reAuthMax
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Syntax:
set reAuthMax <port-range> <max>
Description:
The number of reauthentication attempts that are permitted before the port
becomes Unauthorized.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<max> : max. value , range 1-10
Possible value:
<port range> : 1 to 24
<max> : 1-10, default is 2
Example:
GSW-2496(802.1X)# set reAuthMax 2 2
set reAuthPeriod
Syntax:
set reAuthPeriod <port-range> <sec>
Description:
A constant that defines a nonzero number of seconds between periodic
reauthentication of the supplicant.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<sec> : timer , range 1-65535
Possible value:
<port range> : 1 to 24
<sec> : 1-65535, default is 3600
Example:
GSW-2496(802.1X)# set reAuthPeriod 2 3600
set serverTimeout
Syntax:
set serverTimeout <port-range> <sec>
Description:
A timer used by the Backend Authentication state machine in order to determine
timeout conditions in the exchanges between the Authenticator and the Supplicant
or Authentication Server. The initial value of this timer is either suppTimeout or
serverTimeout, as determined by the operation of the Backend Authentication state
machine.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<sec> : timer , range 1-65535
Possible value:
<port range> : 1 to 24
<sec> : 1-65535, default is 30
Example:
GSW-2496(802.1X)# set serverTimeout 2 30
set state
Syntax:
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set state <ip> <port-number> <secret-key>
Description:
To configure the settings related with 802.1X Radius Server.
Argument:
<ip> : the IP address of Radius Server
<port-number> : the service port of Radius Server(Authorization port)
<secret-key> : set up the value of secret-key, and the length of secret-key is
from 1 to 31
Possible value:
<port-number> : 1~65535, default is 1812
Example:
GSW-2496(802.1X)# set state 192.168.1.115 1812 WinRadius
set suppTimeout
Syntax:
set suppTimeout <port-range> <sec>
Description:
A timer used by the Backend Authentication state machine in order to determine
timeout conditions in the exchanges between the Authenticator and the Supplicant
or Authentication Server. The initial value of this timer is either suppTimeout or
serverTimeout, as determined by the operation of the Backend Authentication state
machine.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<sec> : timer , range 1-65535
Possible value:
<port range> : 1 to 24
<sec> : 1-65535, default is 30
Example:
GSW-2496(802.1X)# set suppTimeout 2 30
set txPeriod
Syntax:
set txPeriod <port-range> <sec>
Description:
A timer used by the Authenticator PAE state machine to determine when an EAPOL
PDU is to be transmitted
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<sec> : timer , range 1-65535
Possible value:
<port range> : 1 to 24
<sec> : 1-65535, default is 30
Example:
GSW-2496(802.1X)# set txPeriod 2 30
show mode
Syntax:
show mode
Description:
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To display the mode of each port.
Argument:
None
Possible value:
None
Example:
GSW-2496(802.1X)# show mode
Port
Mode
====== ============
1
2
3
4
5
6
Disable
Normal
Disable
Disable
Disable
Disable
:
:
:
show parameter
Syntax:
show parameter
Description:
To display the parameter settings of each port.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(802.1X)# show parameter
port 1) port control : Auto
reAuthMax
txPeriod
: 2
: 30
Quiet Period : 60
reAuthEnabled : ON
reAuthPeriod : 3600
max. Request : 2
suppTimeout : 30
serverTimeout : 30
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port 2) port control : Auto
reAuthMax
txPeriod
Quiet Period : 60
: 2
: 30
reAuthEnabled : ON
reAuthPeriod : 3600
max. Request : 2
suppTimeout : 30
serverTimeout : 30
:
:
:
show security
Syntax:
show security
Description:
To display the authentication status of each port.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(802.1X)# show security
Port
====== ============ ==============
Mode
Status
1
2
3
4
5
6
Disable
Normal Unauthorized
Disable
Disable
Disable
Disable
:
:
show state
Syntax:
show state
Description:
Show the Radius server configuration
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(802.1X)# show state
Radius Server: 192.168.1.115
Port Number : 1812
Secret Key : WinRadius
ꢃaccount
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add
Syntax:
add <name>
Description:
To create a new guest user. When you create a new guest user, you must type in
password and confirm password.
Argument:
<name> : new account name
Possible value:
A string must be at least 5 character.
Example:
GSW-2496(account)# add aaaaa
Password:
Confirm Password:
Save Successfully
GSW-2496(account)#
del
Syntax:
del <name>
Description:
To delete an existing account.
Argument:
<name> : existing user account
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(account)# del aaaaa
Account aaaaa deleted
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modify
Syntax:
modify <name>
Description:
To change the username and password of an existing account.
Argument:
<name> : existing user account
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(account)# modify aaaaa
username/password: the length is from 5 to 15.
Current username (aaaaa):bbbbb
New password:
Confirm password:
Username changed successfully.
Password changed successfully.
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To show system account, including account name and identity.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(account)# show
Account Name
----------------- ---------------
Identity
admin
guest
Administrator
guest
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ꢃalarm
<<email>>
del mail-address
Syntax:
del mail-address <#>
Description:
To remove the configuration of E-mail address.
Argument:
<#>: email address number, range: 1 to 6
Possible value:
<#>: 1 to 6
Example:
GSW-2496(alarm-email)# del mail-address 2
del server-user
Syntax:
del server-user
Description:
To remove the configuration of server, user account and password.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(alarm-email)# del server-user
set mail-address
Syntax:
set mail-address <#> <mail address>
Description:
To set up the email address.
Argument:
<#> :email address number, range: 1 to 6
<mail address>:email address
Possible value:
<#>: 1 to 6
Example:
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set server
Syntax:
set server <ip>
Description:
To set up the IP address of the email server.
Argument:
<ip>:email server ip address or domain name
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(alarm-email)# set server 192.168.1.6
set user
Syntax:
set user <username>
Description:
To set up the account and password of the email server.
Argument:
<username>: email server account and password
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496 (alarm-email)# set user admin
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the configuration of e-mail.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(alarm-email)# show
Mail Server
Username
Password
: 192.168.1.6
: admin
: ****************
Email Address 1: [email protected]
Email Address 2:
Email Address 3:
Email Address 4:
Email Address 5:
Email Address 6:
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<<events>>
del all
Syntax:
del all <range>
Description:
To disable email, sms and trap of events.
Argument:
<range>:del the range of events, syntax 1,5-7
Possible value:
<range>: 1~23
Example:
GSW-2496(alarm-events)# del all 1-3
del email
Syntax:
del email <range>
Description:
To disable the email of the events.
Argument:
<range>:del the range of email, syntax 1,5-7
Possible value:
<range>: 1~23
Example:
GSW-2496(alarm-events)# del email 1-3
del sms
Syntax:
del sms <range>
Description:
To disable the sms of the events.
Argument:
<range>:del the range of sms, syntax 1,5-7
Possible value:
<range>: 1~23
Example:
GSW-2496(alarm-events)# del sms 1-3
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del trap
Syntax:
del trap <range>
Description:
To disable the trap of the events.
Argument:
<range>:del the range of trap, syntax 1,5-7
Possible value:
<range>: 1~23
Example:
GSW-2496(alarm-events)# del trap 1-3
set all
Syntax:
set all <range>
Description:
To enable email, sms and trap of events.
Argument:
<range>:set the range of events, syntax 1,5-7
Possible value:
<range>: 1~23
Example:
GSW-2496(alarm-events)# set all 1-3
set email
Syntax:
set email <range>
Description:
To enable the email of the events.
Argument:
<range>:set the range of email, syntax 1,5-7
Possible value:
<range>: 1~23
Example:
GSW-2496(alarm-events)# set email 1-3
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set sms
Syntax:
set sms <range>
Description:
To enable the sms of the events.
Argument:
<range>:set the range of sms, syntax 1,5-7
Possible value:
<range>: 1~23
Example:
GSW-2496(alarm-events)# set sms 1-3
set trap
Syntax:
set trap <range>
Description:
To enable the trap of the events.
Argument:
<range>:set the range of trap, syntax 1,5-7
Possible value:
<range>: 1~23
Example:
GSW-2496(alarm-events)# set trap 1-3
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the configuration of alarm event.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
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Example:
GSW-2496(alarm-events)# show
Events
Email SMS Trap
-----------------------------------------
1 Cold Start
2 Warm Start
v
v
v
v
v
3 Link Down
4 Link Up
5 Authentication Failure
6 User Login
7 User Logout
8 STP Topology Changed
9 STP Disabled
10 STP Enabled
11 LACP Disabled
12 LACP Enabled
13 LACP Member Added
14 LACP Port Failure
15 GVRP Disabled
16 GVRP Enabled
17 VLAN Disabled
18 Port-based Vlan Enabled
19 Tag-based Vlan Enabled
20 Metro-mode Vlan Enabled
21 Double-tag Vlan Enabled
22 Module Inserted
23 Module Removed
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show (alarm)
Syntax:
show
Description:
The Show for alarm here is used to display the configuration of Trap, SMS or E-mail.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(alarm)# show events
GSW-2496(alarm)# show email
GSW-2496(alarm)# show sms
<<sms>>
del phone-number
Syntax:
del phone-number <#>
Description:
To delete sms phone number.
Argument:
<#>: mobile phone number, range: 1 to 6
Possible value:
<#>: 1 to 6
Example:
GSW-2496(alarm-sms)# del phone-number 3
del server-user
Syntax:
del server-user
Description:
To delete sms server, user account and password.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(alarm-sms)# del server-user
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set phone-number
Syntax:
set phone-number <#> <phone-number>
Description:
To add sms phone number.
Argument:
<#>: mobile phone number, range: 1 to 6
<phone-number>: phone number
Possible value:
<#>: 1 to 6
Example:
GSW-2496(alarm-sms)# set phone-number 1 0968777777
set server
Syntax:
set server <ip>
Description:
To set up the IP address of sms server.
Argument:
<ip>: SMS server ip address or domain name
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(alarm-sms)# set server 192.168.1.7
set user
Syntax:
set user <username>
Description:
To set up user account and password of sms server.
Argument:
<username>: SMS server account
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(alarm-sms)# set user ABC
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show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the configuration of SMS trap event.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(alarm-sms)# show
SMS Server
Username
Password
: 192.168.1.7
: ABC
: ****************
Mobile Phone 1: 0968777777
Mobile Phone 2:
Mobile Phone 3:
Mobile Phone 4:
Mobile Phone 5:
Mobile Phone 6:
ꢃautologout
autologout
Syntax:
autologout <time>
Description:
To set up the timer of autologout.
Argument:
<time>: range 1 to 3600 seconds, 0 for autologout off, current setting is 180
seconds.
Possible value:
<time>: 0,1-3600
Example:
GSW-2496# autologout 3600
Set autologout time to 3600 seconds
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ꢃbandwidth
disable egress-rate
Syntax:
disable egress-rate <range>
Description:
To cancel the egress-rate of the port.
Argument:
<range>:syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 24
Example:
GSW-2496(bandwidth)# disable egress-rate 1-8
disable ingress-rate
Syntax:
disable ingress-rate <range>
Description:
To cancel the Ingress-rate of the port.
Argument:
<range>:syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 24
Example:
GSW-2496(bandwidth)# disable ingress-rate 1-8
disable storm-rate
Syntax:
disable storm-rate <range>
Description:
To cancel the storm-rate of the port.
Argument:
<range>:syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 24
Example:
GSW-2496(bandwidth)# disable storm-rate 1-8
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enable egress-rate
Syntax:
enable egress-rate <range> <data_rate>
Description:
To set up the egress-rate of the port.
Argument:
<range>:syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<data_rate>: 0-1000
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 24
<data_rate>: 0-1000
Example:
GSW-2496(bandwidth)# enable egress-rate 1-16 200
enable ingress-rate
Syntax:
enable ingress-rate <range> <data_rate>
Description:
To set up the Ingress-rate of the ports.
Argument:
<range>:syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<data_rate>: 0-1000
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 24
<data_rate>: 0-1000
Example:
GSW-2496(bandwidth)# enable ingress-rate 1-16 100
enable storm-rate
Syntax:
enable storm-rate <range> <data_rate>
Description:
To set up the storm-rate of the ports.
Argument:
<range>:syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<data_rate>: 0-1000
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 24
<data_rate>: 0-1000
Example:
GSW-2496(bandwidth)# enable strom-rate 1-16 150
show
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Syntax:
show
Description:
To display all current settings of the bandwidth.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(bandwidth)# show
Ingress
Egress
Port ================================================= ======================
All State All Rate Storm State Storm Rate All state All Rate
====== =========== ========== ============= ============ =========== ==========
1
2
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
...(q to quit)
21
22
23
24
Disabled
0
0
0
0
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
0
0
0
0
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
0
0
0
0
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
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ꢃconfig-file
export start
Syntax:
export start
Description:
To run the export start function.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(config-file)# export start
Export successful.
export user-conf
Syntax:
export user-conf
Description:
To run the export user-conf function.
Argument:
None
Possible value:
None
Example:
GSW-2496(config-file)# export user-conf
Export successful.
import start
Syntax:
import start
Description:
To run the import start function.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(config-file)# import start
Import successful.
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import user-conf
Syntax:
import user-conf
Description:
To run the import user-conf function.
Argument:
None
Possible value:
None
Example:
GSW-2496(config-file)# import user-conf
Import successful.
set export-path
Syntax:
set export-path <filepath>
Description:
To set up the filepath and filename that will be exported.
Argument:
<filepath>:filepath and filename
Possible value:
<filepath>:filepath and filename
Example:
GSW-2496(config-file)# set export-path log/21511.txt
set import-path
Syntax:
set import-path <filepath>
Description:
To set up the filepath and filename that will be imported.
Argument:
<filepath>:filepath and filename
Possible value:
<filepath>:filepath and filename
Example:
GSW-2496(config-file)# set import-path log/21511.txt
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show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the config-file information.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(config-file)# show
TFTP Server IP Address: 192.168.3.111
Export Path and Filename: nmap/123.ts
Import Path and Filename: user123.txt
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ꢃdhcp-boot
set dhcp-boot
Syntax:
set dhcp-boot <sec>
Description:
To set up the delay time for DHCP Boot.
Argument:
<sec>:range syntax: 0, 1-30. The value “0” is to disable dhcp-boot delay
Possible value:
<sec>:0-30
Example:
GSW-2496(dhcp-boot)# set dhcp-boot 30
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the status of DHCP Boot.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(dhcp-boot)#show
dhcp boot : Enable
Second : 10
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ꢃdiag
diag
Syntax:
diag
Description:
Diag is used to test whether UART, DRAM, Flash and EEPROM is normal or not.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(diag)# diag
EEPROM Test : OK
UART Test : OK
DRAM Test : OK
Flash Test : OK
loopback
Syntax:
Loopback
Description:
For Internal/External Loopback Test.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(diag)# loopback
Internal Loopback Test : OK
External Loopback Test : Port 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 Fail
ping
Syntax:
ping <ip>
Description:
To confirm that whether the remote end-station or switch itself is alive or not.
Argument:
<ip> : ip address or domain name
Possible value:
IP address, e.g. 192.168.2.65 or domain name, e.g. tw.yahoo.com
Example:
GSW-2496(diag)# ping 192.168.1.115
Gateway : 192.168.1.253
192.168.1.115 is alive.
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ꢃfirmware
set upgrade-path
Syntax:
set upgrade-path <filepath>
Description:
To set up the image file that will be upgraded.
Argument:
<filepath>: upgrade file path
Possible value:
<filepath>: upgrade file path
Example:
GSW-2496(firmware)# set upgrade-path gs2124c_GSW-2496_v2.03.img
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the information of tftp server and upgrade-path.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(firmware)# show
TFTP Server IP Address: 192.168.3.111
Path and Filename
: gs2124c_GSW-2496_v2.03.img
upgrade
Syntax:
upgrade
Description:
To run the upgrade function.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(firmware)# upgrade
Upgrading firmware ...
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ꢃgvrp
disable
Syntax:
disable
Description:
To disable the gvrp function.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(gvrp)# disable
enable
Syntax:
enable
Description:
To enable the gvrp function.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(gvrp)# enable
group
Syntax:
group <group number>
Description:
To enter any of gvrp group for changing gvrp group setting. You can change the
applicant or registrar mode of existing gvrp group per port.
Argument:
<group number>: enter which gvrp group you had created, using value is vid.
Available range: 1 to 4094
Possible value:
<group number>: 1~4094
Example:
GSW-2496(gvrp)# show group
GVRP group information
Current Dynamic Group Number: 1
VID Member Port
---- --------------------------------------------------
2
5
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GSW-2496(gvrp)# group 2
GSW-2496(gvrp-group-2)# set applicant 1-6 non-participant
GSW-2496(gvrp-group-2)# show
GVRP group VID: 2
Port Applicant Registrar
---- --------------- ---------
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Non-Participant Normal
Non-Participant Normal
Non-Participant Normal
Non-Participant Normal
Non-Participant Normal
Non-Participant Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
12 Normal
13 Normal
:
:
23 Normal
24 Normal
Normal
Normal
GSW-2496(gvrp-group-2)# set registrar 1-10 fixed
GSW-2496(gvrp-group-2)# show
GVRP group VID: 2
Port Applicant Registrar
---- --------------- ---------
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Non-Participant Fixed
Non-Participant Fixed
Non-Participant Fixed
Non-Participant Fixed
Non-Participant Fixed
Non-Participant Fixed
Normal
Normal
Normal
Fixed
Fixed
Fixed
Fixed
Normal
10 Normal
17 Normal
:
:
23 Normal
24 Normal
Normal
Normal
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set applicant
Syntax:
set applicant <range> <normal|non-participant>
Description:
To set default applicant mode for each port.
Argument:
<range>: port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<normal>: set applicant as normal mode
<non-participant>: set applicant as non-participant mode
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 24
<normal|non-participant>: normal or non-participant
Example:
GSW-2496(gvrp)# set applicant 1-10 non-participant
set registrar
Syntax:
set registrar <range> <normal|fixed|forbidden>
Description:
To set default registrar mode for each port.
Argument:
<range>: port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<normal>: set registrar as normal mode
<fixed>: set registrar as fixed mode
<forbidden>: set registrar as forbidden mode
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 24
<normal|fixed|forbidden>: normal or fixed or forbidden
Example:
GSW-2496(gvrp)# set registrar 1-5 fixed
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set restricted
Syntax:
set restricted <range> <enable|disable>
Description:
To set the restricted mode for each port.
Argument:
<range>: port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<enable>: set restricted enabled
<disable>: set restricted disabled
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 24
<enable|disable>: enable or disable
Example:
GSW-2496(gvrp)# set restricted 1-10 enable
GSW-2496(gvrp)# show config
GVRP state: Enable
Port Join Time Leave Time LeaveAll Time
Applicant
Registrar Restricted
---- --------- ---------- ------------- --------------- --------- ----------
1
2
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Normal
:
:
:
Normal
22
23
24
20
20
20
60
60
60
1000
1000
1000
Normal
Normal
Normal
Disable
Disable
Disable
Normal
Normal
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set timer
Syntax:
set timer <range> <join> <leave> <leaveall>
Description:
To set gvrp join time, leave time, and leaveall time for each port.
Argument:
<range> : port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<join>: join timer, available from 20 to 100
<leave>: leave timer, available from 60 to 300
<leaveall>: leaveall timer, available from 1000 to 5000
Leave Time must equal double Join Time at least.
Possible value:
<range> : 1 to 24
<join>: 20 to 100
<leave>: 60 to 300
<leaveall>: 1000 to 5000
Example:
GSW-2496(gvrp)# set timer 2-8 25 80 2000
show config
Syntax:
show config
Description:
To display the gvrp configuration.
Argument:
None
Possible value:
None
Example:
GSW-2496(gvrp)# show config
GVRP state: Enable
Port Join Time Leave Time LeaveAll Time
Applicant
Registrar Restricted
---- --------- ---------- ------------- --------------- --------- ----------
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
20
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
60
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
1000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
:
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Disable
Disable
Disable
Disable
Disable
Disable
Disable
Disable
:
23
24
20
20
60
60
1000
1000
Normal
Normal
Normal
Normal
Disable
Disable
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show counter
Syntax:
show counter <port>
Description:
To display the counter number of the port.
Argument:
<port>: port number
Possible value:
<port>: available from 1 to 24
Example:
GSW-2496(gvrp)# show counter 2
GVRP Counter port: 2
Counter Name
Received Transmitted
-------------------- -------- -----------
Total GVRP Packets
Invalid GVRP Packets
LeaveAll message
JoinEmpty message
JoinIn message
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
----
0
0
0
0
0
LeaveEmpty message
Empty message
show group
Syntax:
show group
Description:
To show the gvrp group.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(gvrp)# show group
GVRP group information
VID Member Port
---- -------------------------------------------------
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ꢃhostname
hostname
Syntax:
hostname <name>
Description:
To set up the hostname of the switch.
Argument:
<name>: hostname, max. 40 characters.
Possible value:
<name>: hostname, max. 40 characters.
Example:
GSW-2496# hostname Company
Company#
ꢃigmp-snooping
add allowed-group
Syntax:
add allowed-group <ip-multicast> <vid> <port-range>
Description:
To add the entry of allowed IP multicast group.
Argument:
<ip-multicast>: the range of IP multicast.
<vid>: vlan ID. 0-4094 or any. “0” value means tag-based vlan disable
<port-range>: syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
Possible value:
<ip-multicast>: ex: 224.1.1.1-225.2.3.3 or any
<vid>: 0-4094 or any
<port-range>: 1 to 24
Example:
GSW-2496(igmp-snooping)# add allowed-group 224.1.1.1-225.2.3.3 100 1-10
del allowed-group
Syntax:
del allowed-group <index>
Description:
To remove the entry of allowed ip multicast group
Argument:
<index>: the index of the allowed-group.
Possible value:
<index>: the index of the allowed-group.
Example:
GSW-2496(igmp-snooping)# del allowed-group 1
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set mode
Syntax:
set mode <status>
Description:
To set up the mode of IGMP Snooping.
Argument:
<status>: 0:disable, 1:active, 2:passive
Possible value:
<status>: 0,1or 2
Example:
GSW-2496(igmp-snooping)# set mode 2
show igmp-snooping
Syntax:
show igmp-snooping
Description:
To display IGMP snooping mode and allowed IP multicast entry.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(igmp-snooping)# show igmp-snooping
Snoop Mode: Active
IP Multicast:
1) IP Address : 224.1.1.1
VLAN ID
: 0
Member Port : 22
show multicast
Syntax:
show multicast
Description:
To display IP multicast table.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(igmp-snooping)# show multicast
IP Multicast: None
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ꢃIP
disable dhcp
Syntax:
disable dhcp
Description:
To disable the DHCP function of the system.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(ip)# disable dhcp
enable dhcp
Syntax:
enable dhcp <manual|auto>
Description:
To enable the system DHCP function and set DNS server via manual or auto mode.
Argument:
<manual|auto> : set dhcp by using manual or auto mode.
Possible value:
<manual|auto> : manual or auto
Example:
GSW-2496(ip)# enable dhcp manual
set dns
Syntax:
set dns <ip>
Description:
To set the IP address of DNS server.
Argument:
<ip> : dns ip address
Possible value:
168.95.1.1
Example:
GSW-2496 (ip)# set dns 168.95.1.1
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set ip
Syntax:
set ip <ip> <mask> <gateway>
Description:
To set the system IP address, subnet mask and gateway.
Argument:
<ip> : ip address
<mask> : subnet mask
<gateway> : default gateway
Possible value:
<ip> : 192.168.1.2 or others
<mask> : 255.255.255.0 or others
<gateway> : 192.168.1.253 or others
Example:
GSW-2496(ip)# set ip 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.253
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the system’s DHCP function state, IP address, subnet mask, default
gateway, DNS mode, DNS server IP address and current IP address.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(ip)# show
DHCP : Disable
IP Address : 192.168.2.237
Current IP Address : 192.168.2.237
Subnet mask
Gateway
: 255.255.255.0
: 192.168.2.252
: Manual
DNS Setting
DNS Server
: 168.95.1.1
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ꢃlog
clear
Syntax:
clear
Description:
To clear the log data.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(log)# clear
disable auto-upload
Syntax:
disable auto-upload
Description:
To disable the auto-upload function.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(log)# disable auto-upload
enable auto-upload
Syntax:
enable auto-upload
Description:
To enable the auto-upload function.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(log)# enable auto-upload
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show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To show a list of trap log events. When any of log events happens, it will be
recorded and using show command in log function to query. Up to 120 log records
are supported.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(log)# show
Tftp Server : 0.0.0.0
Auto Upload : Disable
1) Wed Apr 13 12:13:27 2005 Link Up [Port 1]
2) Wed Apr 13 12:13:26 2005 Link Down [Port 1]
3) Wed Apr 13 11:58:31 2005 Login [admin]
4) Wed Apr 13 11:19:45 2005 Login [admin]
5) Wed Apr 13 11:19:37 2005 Logout [admin]
upload
Syntax:
upload
Description:
To upload log data through tftp.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(log)# upload
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ꢃmac-table
<<alias>>
del
Syntax:
del <mac>
Description:
To delete the mac alias entry.
Argument:
<mac> : mac address, format: 00-02-03-04-05-06
Possible value:
<mac> : mac address
Example:
GSW-2496(mac-table-alias)# del 00-44-33-44-55-44
set
Syntax:
set <mac> <alias>
Description:
To set up the mac alias entry.
Argument:
<mac> : mac address, format: 00-02-03-04-05-06
<alias> : mac alias name, max. 15 characters
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(mac-table-alias)# set 00-44-33-44-55-44 www
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the mac alias entry.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(mac-table-alias)# show
MAC Alias List
MAC Address
Alias
----- ----------------- ----------------
1) 00-02-03-04-05-06 aaa
2) 00-33-03-04-05-06 ccc
3) 00-44-33-44-55-44 www
<<information>>
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search
Syntax:
search <port> <mac> <vid>
Description:
To look for the relative mac information in mac table.
Argument:
<port> : set up the range of the ports to search for,
syntax 1,5-7, available form 1 to 24
<mac> : mac address, format: 01-02-03-04-05-06, '?' can be used
<vid> : vlan id, from 1 to 4094; '?' as don't care, 0 as untagged
Possible value:
<port> :1 to 24
<vid> : 0, 1 ~4094
Example:
GSW-2496(mac-table-information)# search 1-24 ??-??-??-??-??-?? ?
MAC Table List
Alias
---------------- ----------------- ---- ---- -----------------
00-11-6b-88-00-06 1 0 Dynamic
MAC Address
Port VID State
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display all mac table information.
Argument:
None
Possible value:
None
Example:
GSW-2496 (mac-table-information)# show
MAC Table List
Alias
MAC Address
Port VID State
---------------- ----------------- ---- ---- -----------------
00-10-db-1d-c5-a0 16
00-40-f4-89-c9-7f 16
00-e0-18-2b-9d-e2 16
00-11-6b-d8-00-02 16
0 Dynamic
0 Dynamic
0 Dynamic
0 Dynamic
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<<maintain>>
set aging
Syntax:
set aging <#>
Description:
To set up the age out time of dynamic learning mac.
Argument:
<#>: age-timer in seconds, 0, 10 to 65535. The value “0” means to disable aging
Possible value:
<#>: 0, 10 to 65535.
Example:
GSW-2496(mac-table-maintain)# set aging 300
set flush
Syntax:
set flush
Description:
To delete all of the MACs that is learned dynamically.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(mac-table-maintain)# set flush
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the settings of age-timer.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(mac-table-maintain)# show
age-timer : 300 seconds
GSW-2496(mac-table-maintain)#
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<<static-mac>>
add
Syntax:
add <mac> <port> <vid> [alias]
Description:
To add the static mac entry.
Argument:
<mac> : mac address, format: 00-02-03-04-05-06
<port> : 0-24. The value “0” means this entry is filtering entry
<vid> : vlan id. 0, 1-4094. VID must be zero if vlan mode is not tag-based
[alias] : mac alias name, max. 15 characters
Possible value:
<mac> : mac address
<port> : 0-24
<vid> : 0, 1-4094
[alias] : mac alias name
Example:
GSW-2496(mac-table-static-mac)# add 00-02-03-04-05-06 3 0 aaa
del
Syntax:
del <mac> <vid>
Description:
To remove the static mac entry.
Argument:
<mac> : mac address, format: 00-02-03-04-05-06
<vid> : vlan id. 0, 1-4094. VID must be zero if vlan mode is not tag-based
Possible value:
<mac> : mac address
<vid> : 0, 1-4094
Example:
GSW-2496(mac-table-static-mac)# del 00-02-03-04-05-06 0
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show filter
Syntax:
show filter
Description:
To display the static filter table.
Argument:
None
Possible value:
None
Example:
GSW-2496(mac-table-static-mac)# show filter
Static Filtering Etnry: (Total 1 item(s))
1) mac: 00-33-03-04-05-06, vid: -, alias: ccc
show forward
Syntax:
show forward
Description:
To display the static forward table.
Argument:
None
Possible value:
None
Example:
GSW-2496(mac-table-static-mac)# show forward
Static Forwarding Etnry: (Total 1 item(s))
1) mac: 00-02-03-04-05-06, port: 3, vid: -, alias: aaa
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ꢃmanagement
add
Syntax:
Usage: set [<name> <value>] [<vid> <value>] [<ip> <value>] [<port> <value>]
[<type> <value>] <action> <value>
Synopsis: set name Mary vid 20 ip 192.168.1.1-192.168.1.90 port 2-5,8
type h,s action a
Synopsis: set name Mary vid 20 ip 192.168.1.1-192.168.1.90
Description:
To save the adding management policy records.
When you don’t know how to set the management policy records, you can use this
command as follows:
GSW-2496(management-add)# set
This command will show exhaustive operating explanation for setting the
management policy records.
Argument:
[<name> <value>]
[<vid> <value>]
[<ip> <value>]
ACL entry name.
VLAN ID.
IP range.
[<port> <value>]
[<type> <value>]
<action> <value>
Possible value:
[<name> <value>]
[<vid> <value>]
[<ip> <value>]
[<port> <value>]
[<type> <value>]
<action> <value>
Example:
Incoming port.
Access type.
a(ccept) or d(eny).
No default and it must be set.
The range is 1-4095 and can be set to any.
For example, 192.168.1.90-192.168.1.90 or any.
For example, 1 or 1-8 or 1,3-5 or any
For example, h(ttp),s(nmp),t(elnet) or any.
No default and it must be set.
GSW-2496(management-add)# set name Mary vid 20 ip 192.168.1.1-192.168.1.90
port 2-5,8 type h,s action a
GSW-2496(management-add)# show
#: 1
Name : Mary
Type : Http,SNMP
VlanID : 20
Action : Accept
IP : 192.168.1.1-192.168.1.90
Port : 2,3,4,5,8
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delete
Syntax:
delete #
Description:
To delete a specific record or range.
Argument:
<#>: a specific or range management security entry(s)
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(management)# show
#: 1
Name : Tom
Type : SNMP
VlanID : 2
Action : Deny
IP : 192.168.1.30-192.168.1.80
Port : 1,2
GSW-2496(management)# delete 1
GSW-2496(management)# show
Security rule list is empty now
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edit [#]: the specific management policy entry. Available range: 1 to 65536.
Syntax:
Usage: set [<name> <value>] [<vid> <value>] [<ip> <value>] [<port> <value>]
[<type> <value>] <action> <value>
Synopsis: set name Mary vid 20 ip 192.168.1.1-192.168.1.90 port 2-5,8
type h,s action a
Synopsis: set name Mary vid 20 ip 192.168.1.1-192.168.1.90
Description:
To edit management policy record.
Argument:
[<name> <value>]
[<vid> <value>]
[<ip> <value>]
ACL entry name.
VLAN ID.
IP Range.
[<port> <value>]
[<type> <value>]
<action> <value>
Possible value:
[<name> <value>]
[<vid> <value>]
[<ip> <value>]
[<port> <value>]
[<type> <value>]
<action> <value>
Example:
Incoming port.
Access type.
a(ccept) or d(eny).
No default and it must be set.
The range is 1-4095 and can be set to any.
For example, 192.168.1.90-192.168.1.90 or any
For example, 1 or 1-8 or 1,3-5 or any
For example, h(ttp),s(nmp),t(elnet) or any
No default and it must be set.
GSW-2496(management)# edit 1
GSW-2496(management-edit-1)# set name Tom vid 2 ip 192.168.1.30-
192.168.1.80 port 1-2 type s action d
GSW-2496(management-edit-1)# show
#: 1
Name : Tom
Type : SNMP
VlanID : 2
Action : Deny
IP : 192.168.1.30-192.168.1.80
Port : 1,2
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show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To show the specific management policy record.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(management)# show
#: 1
Name : Tom
Type : SNMP
VlanID : 2
Action : Deny
IP : 192.168.1.30-192.168.1.80
Port : 1,2
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ꢃmax-pkt-len
set len
Syntax:
set len <range> <length>
Description:
To set up the maximum length of the packet that each port of the switch can accept.
Argument:
<range>: port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<length (bytes)>: maximum packet length
Possible value:
<range> : 1 to 24
<length (bytes)>: 1518/1532/9216
Example:
GSW-2496(max-pkt-len)# set len 1-8 9216
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To show current setting of maximum packet length setting.
Argument:
None
Possible value:
None
Example:
GSW-2496(max-pkt-len)# show
PORT Max Packet Length
------ -------------------
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
1532
1532
1532
1532
1532
1532
1532
1532
1532
1532
1532
1532
1532
1532
1532
1532
1532
1532
1532
1532
1532
1532
1532
1532
198
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ꢃmirror
set mirror-mode
Syntax:
set mirror-mode <rx|disable>
Description:
To set up the mode of mirror (rx mode or disable).
Argument:
<rx | disable>:
rx : enable the mode of mirror(Only mirror the packets that is received)
disable: end the function of mirror
Possible value:
<rx | disable>: rx or disable
Example:
GSW-2496(mirror)# set mirror-mode rx
set monitored-port
Syntax:
set monitored-port <range>
Description:
To set up the port that will be monitored. The packets received by this port will be
copied to the monitoring port.
Argument:
<range>: the port that is chosen for monitored port of the mirror function,
syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 24
Example:
GSW-2496(mirror)# set monitored-port 3-5,8,10
set monitoring-port
Syntax:
set monitoring-port <#>
Description:
To set up the monitoring port of the mirror function. User can observe the packets
that the monitored port received via this port.
Argument:
<#>: the monitoring port that is chosen for the mirror function. Only one port is
allowed to configure, available from 1 to 24
Possible value:
<#>:1 to 24
Example:
GSW-2496(mirror)# set monitoring-port 2
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show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the setting status of Mirror function.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(mirror)# show
Mirror Mode : rx
Monitoring Port : 2
Monitored Port : 3 4 5 7 10
200
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ꢃport
clear counter
Syntax:
clear counter
Description:
To clear all ports’ counter (include simple and detail port counter) information.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496 (port)# clear counter
disable flow-control
Syntax:
disable flow-control <range>
Description:
To disable the flow control function of the port.
Argument:
<range>: syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
Possible value:
<range>: 1 ~ 24
Example:
GSW-2496 (port)# disable flow-control 6
disable state
Syntax:
disable state <range>
Description:
To disable the communication capability of the port.
Argument:
<range>: syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
Possible value:
<range>: 1 ~ 24
Example:
GSW-2496 (port)# disable state 12
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enable flow-control
Syntax:
enable flow-control <range>
Description:
To enable the flow control function of the port.
Argument:
<range>: syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
Possible value:
<range>: 1 ~ 24
Example:
GSW-2496 (port)# enable flow-control 3-8
enable state
Syntax:
enable state <range>
Description:
To enable the communication capability of the port.
Argument:
<range>: syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
Possible value:
<range>: 1 ~ 24
Example:
GSW-2496 (port)# enable state 3-12
set speed-duplex
Syntax:
set speed-duplex <range> <auto|10half|10full|100half|100full|1Gfull>
Description:
To set up the speed and duplex of all ports.
Argument:
<range>:syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<port-speed>:
auto: set auto-negotiation mode
10half: set speed/duplex 10M Half
10full: set speed/duplex 10M Full
100half: set speed/duplex 100M Half
100full: set speed/duplex 100M Full
1Gfull: set speed/duplex 1G Full
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 24
<port-speed>: auto, 10half, 10full, 100half, 100full, 1Gfull
Example:
GSW-2496(port)# set speed-duplex 5 auto
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show conf
Syntax:
show conf
Description:
To display the each port’s configuration about state, speed-duplex and flow control.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496 (port)# show conf
show detail-counter
Syntax:
show detail-counter <#>
Description:
To display the detailed counting number of each port’s traffic.
Argument:
<#>: port, available from 1 to 24
Possible value:
<#>:1 ~ 24
Example:
GSW-2496 (port)# show detail-counter 5
show sfp
Syntax:
show sfp <port>
Description:
To display the SFP module information.
Argument:
<port>: SFP port of the switch, available from 9 to 24
Possible value:
<port>: 9 to 24
Example:
GSW-2496 (port)# show sfp 9
203
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Port 9 SFP information
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Connector Type
Fiber Type
Tx Central Wavelength : 850
: SFP - LC
: Multi-mode (MM)
Baud Rate
: 1G
Vendor OUI
Vendor Name
Vendor PN
: 00:11:6b
: LevelOne
: GVT-0300
: 0000
Vendor Rev
Vendor SN
Date Code
: 5425010728
: 070430
: none
Temperature
Vcc
: none
: none
Mon1 (Bias) mA
Mon2 (TX PWR)
Mon3 (RX PWR)
: none
: none
show simple-counter
Syntax:
show simple-counter
Description:
To display the summary counting of each port’s traffic.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496 (port)# show simple-counter
show status
Syntax:
show status
Description:
To display the port’s current status.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496 (port)# show status
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ꢃqos
set advance-layer4
Syntax:
set advance-layer4 <port-range> <#> <tcp/udp port> <default> <match>
Description:
To set class of ports on advanced mode of Layer 4 qos.
Argument:
<port-range>: port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<#>: special UDP/TCP port selection, range: 1-10
<tcp/udp port range>: 0-65535.
<default>: default class (all other TCP/UDP ports). 1: high, 0: low
<match>: special TCP/UDP class. 1: high, 0: low
Possible value:
<port-range>: 1 to 24
<#>: 1-10
<tcp/udp port range>: 0-65535
<default>: 1 or 0
<match>: 1 or 0
Example:
GSW-2496(qos)# set advance-layer4 5 2 80 1 0
set default
Syntax:
set default <class>
Description:
To set priority class of the packets that qos won’t affect.
Argument:
<class>: class of service setting. 1: high, 0: low
Possible value:
<class>: 1 or 0
Example:
GSW-2496(qos)# set default 1
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set diffserv
Syntax:
set diffserv <ds-range> <class>
Description:
To set class of ports on IP DiffServe qos.
Argument:
<ds-range>: dscp field, syntax 1,5-7, available from 0 to 63
<class>: class of service setting. 1: high, 0: low
Possible value:
<ds-range>: 0 to 63
<class>: 1or 0
Example:
GSW-2496(qos)# set diffserv 0-20 1
set mode
Syntax:
set mode <port/pri_tag/tos/layer4/diffserv>
Description:
To set qos priority mode of the switch.
Argument:
<port>: per port priority
<pri_tag>: vlan tag priority
<tos>: ip tos classification
<layer4>: ip tcp/udp port classification
<diffserv>: ip diffserv classification
Possible value:
port/pri_tag/tos/layer4/diffserv
Example:
GSW-2496(qos)# set mode port
set port
Syntax:
set port <range> <class>
Description:
To set class of ports on port-based qos.
Argument:
<range> : port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<class> : class of service setting. 1: high, 0: low
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 24
<class>: 1or 0
Example:
GSW-2496(qos)# set port 1-10 1
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set pri-tag
Syntax:
set pri_tag <port-range> <tag-range> <class>
Description:
To set class of ports on vlan tag-based qos.
Argument:
<port-range>: port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<tag-range>: tag priority level, syntax: 1,5-7, available from 0 to 7
<class>: class of service setting. 1: high, 0: low
Possible value:
<port-range>: 1 to 24
<tag-range>: 0 to 7
<class>: 1or 0
Example:
GSW-2496(qos)# set pri-tag 1-15 1-2 1
set simple-layer4
Syntax:
set simple-layer4 <#>
Description:
To set class of ports on simple mode of Layer 4 qos.
Argument:
<#>: layer-4 configuration mode, valid values are as follows:
0: disable ip tcp/udp port classification
1: down prioritize web browsing, e-mail, FTP and news
2: prioritize ip telephony (VoIP)
3: prioritize iSCSI
4: prioritize web browsing, e-mail, FTP transfers and news
5: prioritize streaming Audio/Video
6: prioritize databases (Oracle, IBM DB2, SQL, Microsoft)
Possible value:
<#>:0~6
Example:
GSW-2496(qos)# set simple-layer4 2
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set tos
Syntax:
set tos <port-range> <tos-range> <class>
Description:
To set class of ports on IP TOS qos.
Argument:
<port-range>: port range, syntax: 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<tos-range>: tos precedence field, syntax 1,5-7, available from 0 to 7
<class>: class of service setting. 1: high, 0: low
Possible value:
<port-range>: 1 to 24
<tos-range>: 0 to 7
<class>: 1or 0
Example:
GSW-2496(qos)# set tos 1-5 0-3 0
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the information of the mode you choose.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496 (qos)# show
IP Diffserv Classification
Default Class:high
DiffServ Class DiffServ Class DiffServ Class DiffServ Class
---------- ------- ---------- ------- ---------- ------- ---------- -------
0
4
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
1
5
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
2
6
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
3
7
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
high
8
9
10
14
18
22
26
30
34
38
42
46
50
54
58
62
11
15
19
23
27
31
35
39
43
47
51
55
59
63
12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
60
13
17
21
25
29
33
37
41
45
49
53
57
61
208
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ꢃreboot
reboot
Syntax:
reboot
Description:
To reboot the system.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496# reboot
ꢃsnmp
disable
Syntax:
disable set-ability
disable snmp
Description:
The Disable here is used for the de-activation of snmp or set-community.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(snmp)# disable snmp
GSW-2496(snmp)# disable set-ability
enable
Syntax:
enable set-ability
enable snmp
Description:
The Enable here is used for the activation snmp or set-community.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(snmp)# enable snmp
GSW-2496(snmp)# enable set-ability
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set
Syntax:
set get-community <community>
set set-community <community>
set trap <#> <ip> [port] [community]
Description:
The Set here is used for the setup of get-community, set-community, trap host ip,
host port and trap-community.
Argument:
<#>: trap number
<ip>: ip address or domain name
<port>: trap port
<community>:trap community name
Possible value:
<#>: 1 to 6
<port>:1~65535
Example:
GSW-2496(snmp)# set get-community public
GSW-2496(snmp)# set set-community private
GSW-2496(snmp)# set trap 1 192.168.1.1 162 public
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
The Show here is to display the configuration of SNMP.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(snmp)# show
SNMP : Enable
Get Community: public
Set Community: private [Enable]
Trap Host 1 IP Address: 192.168.1.1 Port: 162 Community: public
Trap Host 2 IP Address: 0.0.0.0 Port: 162 Community: public
Trap Host 3 IP Address: 0.0.0.0 Port: 162 Community: public
Trap Host 4 IP Address: 0.0.0.0 Port: 162 Community: public
Trap Host 5 IP Address: 0.0.0.0 Port: 162 Community: public
Trap Host 6 IP Address: 0.0.0.0 Port: 162 Community: public
210
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ꢃstp
MCheck
Syntax:
MCheck <range>
Description:
To force the port to transmit RST BPDUs.
Argument:
<range>: syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 24
Example:
GSW-2496(stp)# Mcheck 1-8
disable
Syntax:
disable
Description:
To disable the STP function.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(stp)# disable
enable
Syntax:
enable
Description:
To enable the STP function.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(stp)# enable
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set config
Syntax:
set config <Bridge Priority> <Hello Time> <Max. Age> <Forward Delay>
Description:
To set up the parameters of STP.
Argument:
<Bridge Priority>:priority must be a multiple of 4096, available from 0 to 61440.
<Hello Time>: available from 1 to 10.
<Max. Age>: available from 6 to 40.
<Forward Delay>: available from 4 to 30.
Note: 2*(Forward Delay -1) >= Max Age
Max Age >= 2*(Hello Time +1)
Possible value:
<Bridge Priority>: 0 to 61440
<Hello Time>: 1 to 10
<Max. Age>: 6 to 40
<Forward Delay>: 4 to 30
Example:
GSW-2496(stp)# set config 61440 2 20 15
set port
Syntax:
set port <range> <path cost> <priority> <edge_port> <admin p2p>
Description:
To set up the port information of STP.
Argument:
<range>: syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<path cost>: 0, 1-200000000. The value zero means auto status
<priority>: priority must be a multiple of 16, available from 0 to 240
<edge_port> : Admin Edge Port, <yes|no>
<admin p2p>: Admin point to point, <auto|true|false>
Possible value:
<range>:1 to 24
<path cost>: 0, 1-200000000
<priority>: 0 to 240
<edge_port>: yes / no
<admin p2p>: auto / true / false
Example:
GSW-2496(stp)# set port 1-16 0 128 yes auto
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set version
Syntax:
set version <stp|rstp>
Description:
To set up the version of STP.
Argument:
<stp|rstp>:stp / rstp
Possible value:
<stp|rstp>:stp / rstp
Example:
GSW-2496(stp)# set version rstp
show config
Syntax:
show config
Description:
To display the configuration of STP.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(stp)# show config
STP State Configuration
Spanning Tree Protocol
Bridge Priority (0-61440) : 61440
:
: Enabled
Hello Time (1-10 sec)
Max. Age (6-40 sec)
: 2
: 20
Forward Delay (4-30 sec) : 15
Force Version : RSTP
213
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show port
Syntax:
show port
Description:
To display the port information of STP.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496# stp
GSW-2496(stp)# show port
Port Port Status Path Cost Priority Admin Edge Port Admin Point To Point
==== =========== ========= ======== =============== ====================
1 DISCARDING
2 DISCARDING
3 DISCARDING
4 DISCARDING
5 DISCARDING
6 DISCARDING
7 DISCARDING
8 DISCARDING
9 DISCARDING
10 DISCARDING
11 DISCARDING
12 DISCARDING
13 DISCARDING
14 DISCARDING
15 DISCARDING
16 DISCARDING
17 DISCARDING
18 DISCARDING
19 DISCARDING
20 DISCARDING
21 DISCARDING
22 DISCARDING
...(q to quit)
2000000
2000000
2000000
2000000
2000000
2000000
2000000
2000000
2000000
2000000
2000000
2000000
2000000
2000000
2000000
2000000
2000000
2000000
2000000
2000000
2000000
2000000
128
128
128
128
128
128
128
128
128
128
128
128
128
128
128
128
128
128
128
128
128
128
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
23 DISCARDING
24 DISCARDING
2000000
2000000
128
128
No
No
Auto
Auto
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show status
Syntax:
show status
Description:
To display the status of STP.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(stp)# show status
STP Status :
STP State
: Enabled
: 00:11:6B:D8:09:1D
Bridge ID
Bridge Priority
Designated Root
Designated Priority
Root Port
: 61440
: 00:11:6B:D8:09:1D
: 61440
: 0
: 0
Root Path Cost
Current Max. Age(sec)
Current Forward Delay(sec)
Hello Time(sec)
: 20
: 15
: 2
STP Topology Change Count
: 0
Time Since Last Topology Change(sec) : 848
215
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ꢃsystem
set contact
Syntax:
set contact <contact string>
Description:
To set the contact description of the switch.
Argument:
<contact>:string length up to 40 characters.
Possible value:
<contact>: A, b, c, d, ... ,z and 1, 2, 3, …. etc.
Example:
GSW-2496(system)# set contact Taipei
set device-name
Syntax:
set device-name <device-name string>
Description:
To set the device name description of the switch.
Argument:
<device-name>: string length up to 40 characters.
Possible value:
<device-name>: A, b, c, d, ... ,z and 1, 2, 3, …. etc.
Example:
GSW-2496(system)# set device-name CR-2600
set location
Syntax:
set location <location string>
Description:
To set the location description of the switch.
Argument:
<location>: string length up to 40 characters.
Possible value:
<location>: A, b, c, d, ... ,z and 1, 2, 3, …. etc.
Example:
GSW-2496(system)# set location Taipei
216
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show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the basic information of the switch.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(system)# show
Model Name
System Description
Location
: GSW-2496
: L2 Managed Switch
:
Contact
:
: GSW-2496
Device Name
System Up Time
Current Time
BIOS Version
Firmware Version
: 0 Days 0 Hours 39 Mins 42 Secs
: Fri Jan 27 12:59:38 2006
: v65535.65535
: v2.14
Hardware-Mechanical Version : v65535.65535-v65535.65535
Serial Number
Host IP Address
Host MAC Address
Device Port
: 031302000002
: 192.168.1.1
: 00-aa-aa-aa-aa-aa
: UART * 1, TP * 8, SFP * 16
: 65535 M
RAM Size
Flash Size
: 65535 M
217
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ꢃtftp
set server
Syntax:
set server <ip>
Description:
To set up the IP address of tftp server.
Argument:
<ip>: the IP address of tftp server
Possible value:
<ip>: tftp server ip
Example:
GSW-2496(tftp)# set server 192.168.3.111
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the information of tftp server.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(tftp)# show
Tftp Server : 192.168.3.111
218
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ꢃtime
set daylightsaving
Syntax:
set daylightsaving <hr> <MM/DD/HH> <mm/dd/hh>
Description:
To set up the daylight saving.
Argument:
hr : daylight saving hour, range: -5 to +5
MM : daylight saving start Month (01-12)
DD : daylight saving start Day (01-31)
HH : daylight saving start Hour (00-23)
mm : daylight saving end Month (01-12)
dd : daylight saving end Day (01-31)
hh : daylight saving end Hour (00-23)
Possible value:
hr : -5 to +5
MM : (01-12)
DD : (01-31)
HH : (00-23)
mm : (01-12)
dd : (01-31)
hh : (00-23)
Example:
GSW-2496(time)# set daylightsaving 3 10/12/01 11/12/01
Save Successfully
set manual
Syntax:
set manual <YYYY/MM/DD> <hh:mm:ss>
Description:
To set up the current time manually.
Argument:
YYYY : Year (2000-2036)
MM : Month (01-12)
hh : Hour (00-23)
ss : Second (00-59)
DD : Day (01-31)
mm : Minute (00-59)
Possible value:
YYYY : (2000-2036)
DD : (01-31)
mm : (00-59)
Example:
MM : (01-12)
hh : (00-23)
ss : (00-59)
GSW-2496(time)# set manual 2004/12/23 16:18:00
set ntp
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Syntax:
set ntp <ip> <timezone>
Description:
To set up the current time via NTP server.
Argument:
<ip>: ntp server ip address or domain name
<timezone>: time zone (GMT), range: -12 to +13
Possible value:
<timezone>: -12,-11…,0,1…,13
Example:
GSW-2496(time)# set ntp clock.via.net 8
Synchronizing...(1)
Synchronization success
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To show the time configuration, including “Current Time”, “NTP Server”,” Timezone”,
” Daylight Saving”,” Daylight Saving Start” and “Daylight Saving End”
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(time)# show
Current Time
NTP Server
: Thu Thu 14 15:04:03 2005
: 209.81.9.7
: GMT+8:00
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GSW-2496(time)#
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ꢃtrunk
del trunk
Syntax:
del trunk <port-range>
Description:
To delete the trunking port.
Argument:
<port-range>: port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
Possible value:
<port-range>: 1 to 24
Example:
GSW-2496(trunk)# del trunk 1
set priority
Syntax:
set priority <range>
Description:
To set up the LACP system priority.
Argument:
<range>: available from 1 to 65535.
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 65535, default: 32768
Example:
GSW-2496(trunk)# set priority 33333
set trunk
Syntax:
set trunk <port-range> <method> <group> <active LACP>
Description:
To set up the status of trunk, including the group number and mode of the trunk as
well as LACP mode.
Argument:
<port-range> : port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<method>:
static : adopt the static link aggregation
lacp : adopt the dynamic link aggregation- link aggregation control protocol
<group>: 1-8.
<active LACP>:
active : set the LACP to active mode
passive : set the LACP to passive mode
Possible value:
<port-range> : 1 to 24
<method>: static / lacp
<group>: 1-8.
<active LACP>: active / passive
Example:
GSW-2496(trunk)# set trunk 1-4 lacp 1 active
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show aggtr-view
Syntax:
show aggtr-view
Description:
To display the aggregator list.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(trunk)# show aggtr-view
Aggregator 1) Method: None
Member Ports: 1
Ready Ports:1
Aggregator 2) Method: LACP
Member Ports: 2
Ready Ports:
:
:
:
show lacp-detail
Syntax:
show lacp-detail <aggtr>
Description:
To display the detailed information of the LACP trunk group.
Argument:
<aggtr>: aggregator, available from 1 to 24
Possible value:
<aggtr>: 1 to 24
Example:
GSW-2496(trunk)# show lacp-detail 2
Aggregator 2 Information:
Actor
--------------------------------- ---------------------------------
System Priority MAC Address System Priority MAC Address
--------------- ----------------- --------------- -----------------
Partner
32768
00-11-6b-e8-00-02
32768
00-00-00-00-00-00
Port Key
Trunk Status
Port
Key
------ -------- ----------------- --------------- -----------------
257 ---
2
2
0
show lacp-priority
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Syntax:
show lacp-priority
Description:
To display the value of LACP Priority.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(trunk)# show lacp-priority
LACP System Priority : 32768
show status
Syntax:
show status
Description:
To display the aggregator status and the settings of each port.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(trunk)# show status
Trunk Port Setting
Trunk Port Status
------------------------------------- ----------------------
port Method Group Active LACP Aggtregator Status
====== ======== ======= ============= ============= ========
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
None
LACP
LACP
LACP
LACP
LACP
LACP
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
Active
Active
Active
Active
Active
Active
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Ready
---
---
---
---
---
---
Active
:
:
Active
19
20
21
22
23
24
None
None
None
None
None
None
0
0
0
0
0
0
19
20
21
22
23
24
---
---
---
---
---
---
Active
Active
Active
Active
Active
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ꢃvlan
del port-group
Syntax:
del port-group <name>
Description:
To delete the port-based vlan group.
Argument:
<name>: which vlan group you want to delete.
Possible value:
<name>: port-vlan name
Example:
GSW-2496(vlan)# del port-group VLAN-2
del tag-group
Syntax:
del tag-group <vid>
Description:
To delete the tag-based vlan group.
Argument:
<vid>: which vlan group you want to delete, available from 1 to 4094
Possible value:
<vid>: 1 to 4094
Example:
GSW-2496(vlan)# del tag-group 2
disable drop-untag
Syntax:
disable drop-untag <range>
Description:
Don’t drop the untagged frames.
Argument:
<range> : which port(s) you want to set, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 24
Example:
GSW-2496(vlan)# disable drop-untag 5-10
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disable sym-vlan
Syntax:
disable sym-vlan <range>
Description:
To drop frames from the non-member port.
Argument:
<range>: which port(s) you want to set, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 24
Example:
GSW-2496(vlan)# disable sym-vlan 5-10
enable drop-untag
Syntax:
enable drop-untag <range>
Description:
To drop the untagged frames.
Argument:
<range>: which port(s) you want to set, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 24
Example:
GSW-2496(vlan)# enable drop-untag 5-10
enable sym-vlan
Syntax:
enable sym-vlan <range>
Description:
To drop frames from the non-member port.
Argument:
<range> : which port(s) you want to set, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 24
Example:
GSW-2496(vlan)# enable sym-vlan 5-10
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set mode
Syntax:
set mode <disable|port|tag|metro|double-tag> [up-link]
Description:
To switch VLAN mode, including disable, port-based, tag-based, metro and double-
tag modes.
Argument:
<disable>: vlan disable
<tag>: set tag-based vlan
<port>: set port-based vlan
<metro>: set metro mode vlan
<double-tag>: enable Q-in-Q function
<up-link>: syntax 1,5-7, available from 23 to 24, only for metro mode vlan
Possible value:
<disable|port|tag|metro|double-tag>: disable,port,tag,metro,double-tag
[up-link]: 23 or 24 or “23,24”
Example:
GSW-2496(vlan)# set mode port
set port-group
Syntax:
set port-group <name> <range>
Description:
To add or edit a port-based VLAN group.
Argument:
<name>: port-vlan name
<range>: syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 24
Example:
GSW-2496(vlan)# set port-group VLAN-1 2-5,6,15-13
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set port-role
Syntax:
set port-role <range> <access|trunk|hybrid> [vid]
Description:
To set egress rule: configure the port roles.
Argument:
<range> :which port(s) you want to set, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<access>: Do not tag frames
<trunk>: Tag all frames
<hybrid>: Tag all frames except a specific VID
<vid>: untag-vid for hybrid port
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 24
<vid>: 1 to 4094
Example:
GSW-2496(vlan)# set port-role 5 hybrid 6
set pvid
Syntax:
set pvid <range> <pvid>
Description:
To set the pvid of vlan.
Argument:
<range>: which port(s) you want to set PVID(s), syntax 1,5-7, available from
1 to 24
<pvid>: which PVID(s) you want to set, available from 1 to 4094
Possible value:
<range>: 1 to 24
<pvid>: 1 to 4094
Example:
GSW-2496(vlan)# set pvid 3,5,6-8 5
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set tag-group
Syntax:
set tag-group <vid> <name> <range> <#>
Description:
To add or edit the tag-based vlan group.
Argument:
<vid>: vlan ID, range from 1 to 4094
<name>: tag-vlan name
<range>: vlan group members, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<#>: sym/asym vlan setting. 1: symmetric vlan, 0: asymmetric vlan
Possible value:
<vid>: 1 to 4094
<range>: 1 to 24
<#>: 0 or 1
Example:
GSW-2496(vlan)# set tag-group 2 VLAN-2 2-5,6,15-13 0
show group
Syntax:
show group
Description:
To display the vlan mode and vlan group.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(vlan)# show group
Vlan mode is double-tag.
1) Vlan Name : default
Vlan ID : 1
Sym-vlan : Disable
Member
: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
2) Vlan Name : VLAN-2
Vlan ID : 2
Sym-vlan : Disable
Member
: 2 3 4 5 6 13 14 15
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show pvid
Syntax:
show pvid
Description:
To display pvid, ingress/egress rule.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(vlan)# show pvid
Port PVID
Rule1
Rule2
Port Rule Untag Vid
------ ------ --------- --------- ----------- -----------
1
2
1 Disable Disable
1 Disable Disable
5 Disable Disable
1 Disable Disable
Access
Access
Access
Access
Hybrid
Access
Access
Access
Access
Access
Access
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
4
5
5 Enable
5 Enable
5 Enable
5 Enable
1 Enable
1 Enable
Disable
Disable
Disable
Disable
Disable
Disable
6
7
8
9
10
11
1 Disable Disable
:
:
1 Disable Disable
1 Disable Disable
23
24
Access
Access
-
-
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ꢃvs
disable
Syntax:
disable
Description:
To disable the virtual stack.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(vs)# disable
enable
Syntax:
enable
Description:
To enable the virtual stack.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(vs)# enable
set gid
Syntax:
set gid <gid>
Description:
To set the group id.
Argument:
<gid>:Group ID
Possible value:
<gid>:a-z,A-Z,0-9
Example:
GSW-2496(vs)# set gid group1
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set role
Syntax:
set role <master|slave>
Description:
To set role.
Argument:
<master|slave>:
master: act as master, slave : act as slave
Possible value:
<master|slave>: master or slave
Example:
GSW-2496(vs)# set role master
show
Syntax:
show
Description:
To display the configuration of the virtual stack.
Argument:
None.
Possible value:
None.
Example:
GSW-2496(vs)# show
Virtual Stack Config:
State : Enable
Role : Master
Group ID : group1
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5. Maintenance
5-1. Resolving No Link Condition
The possible causes for a no link LED status are as follows:
z
z
z
z
The attached device is not powered on
The cable may not be the correct type or is faulty
The installed building premise cable is faulty
The port may be faulty
5-2. Q&A
1. Computer A can connect to Computer B, but cannot connect to Computer C
through the Managed Switch.
9
The network device of Computer C may fail to work. Please check the
link/act status of Computer C on the LED indicator. Try another network
device on this connection.
9
The network configuration of Computer C may be something wrong. Please
verify the network configuration on Computer C.
2. The uplink connection function fails to work.
9
The connection ports on another must be connection ports. Please check if
connection ports are used on that Managed Switch.
Please check the uplink setup of the Managed Switch to verify the uplink
function is enabled.
9
3. The console interface cannot appear on the console port connection.
9
The COM port default parameters are [Baud Rate: 57600, Data Bits: 8,
Parity Bits: None, Stop Bit: A, Flow Control: None]. Please check the COM
port property in the terminal program. And if the parameters are changed,
please set the COM configuration to the new setting.
9
9
Check the RS-232 cable is connected well on the console port of the
Managed Switch and COM port of PC.
Check if the COM of the PC is enabled.
4. How to configure the Managed Switch?
9
The “Hyperterm” is the terminal program in Win95/98/NT. Users can also use
any other terminal programs in Linux/Unix to configure the Managed Switch.
Please refer to the user guide of that terminal program. But the COM port
parameters (baud rate/ data bits/ parity bits/ flow control) must be the same
as the setting of the console port of the Managed Switch.
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Appendix A
Technical Specifications
Features
•
8 (10/100/1000Mbps) Gigabit Ethernet (TP) switching ports are compliant with
IEEE802.3, 802.3u, 802.3z and 802.3ab.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
16 Gigabit SFP fiber ports.
Non-blocking store-and-forward shared-memory Web-Smart switched.
Supports auto-negotiation for configuring speed, duplex mode.
Supports 802.3x flow control for full-duplex ports.
Supports collision-based and carrier-based backpressure for half-duplex ports.
Any ports can be in disable mode, force mode or auto-polling mode.
Supports Head of Line (HOL) blocking prevention.
Supports broadcast storm filtering.
Auto-aging with programmable inter-age time.
Supports 802.1p Class of Service with 2-level priority queuing.
Supports port sniffer function
Programmable maximum Ethernet frame length of range from 1518 to 9216
bytes jumbo frame.
•
•
Supports port-based VLAN, 802.1Q tag-based VLAN.
Efficient self-learning and address recognition mechanism enables forwarding
rate at wire speed.
•
Web-based management provides the ability to completely manage the switch
from any web browser.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
SNMP/Telnet interface delivers complete in-band management.
Supports IEEE 802.1d Spanning Tree Protocol.
Supports IEEE 802.1w Rapid Spanning Trees.
Supports IEEE 802.1X port-based network access control.
Supports IP Multicasting to implement IGMP Snooping function.
Supports 802.1p Class of Service with 2-level priority queuing.
Supports 802.3ad port trunking with flexible load distribution and failover
function.
•
•
Supports ingress port security mode for VLAN Tagged and Untagged frame
process.
Supports SNMP MIB2 and RMON sampling with sampled packet error
indication.
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Hardware Specifications
ƒ Standard Compliance: IEEE802.3/802.3ab / 802.3z / 802.3u / 802.3x
ƒ Network Interface:
Configuration
10/100/1000Mbps Gigabit TP
1000Base-SX Gigabit Fiber
1000Base-LX Gigabit Fiber
Mode
NWay
Connector
TP (RJ-45)
*SFP
Port
1 - 8
9 - 24
9 - 24
1000 FDX
1000 FDX
*SFP
*Optional SFP module supports LC transceiver
ƒ Transmission Mode: 10/100Mbps support full or half duplex
1000Mbps support full duplex only
ƒ Transmission Speed: 10/100/1000Mbps for TP
1000Mbps for Fiber
ƒ Full Forwarding/Filtering Packet Rate: PPS (packets per second)
Forwarding Rate
1,488,000PPS
148,800PPS
Speed
1000Mbps
100Mbps
10Mbps
14,880PPS
ƒ MAC Address and Self-learning: 8K MAC address
4K VLAN table entries,
ƒ Buffer Memory: Embedded 400 KB frame buffer
ƒ Flow Control: IEEE802.3x compliant for full duplex
Backpressure flow control for half duplex
ƒ Cable and Maximum Length:
TP
Cat. 5 UTP cable, up to 100m
Up to 220/275/500/550m,
1000Base-SX
1000Base-LX
which depends on Multi-Mode Fiber type
Single-Mode Fiber, up to10/70Km
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ƒ Diagnostic LED:
System LED :
Per Port LED:
Power, CPU
10/100/1000M TP Port 1 to 8
1000M SFP Fiber Port 9 to 24
: LINK/ACT, SPEED
: SFP(LINK/ACT)
ƒ Power Requirement
:
AC Line
Voltage
Frequency
Consumption
:
:
:
100∼240 V
50∼60 Hz
30W
ƒ Ambient Temperature
ƒ Humidity
ƒ Dimensions
ƒ Comply with FCC Part 15 Class A & CE Mark Approval
:
:
:
0° to 40°C
5% to 90%
44(H) × 442(W) × 209(D) mm
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Management Software Specifications
Auto-negotiation support on 10/100/1000 Base-
TX ports, Web browser or console interface can
set transmission speed (10/100/1000Mbps) and
operation mode (Full/Half duplex) on each port,
enable/disable any port, set VLAN group, set
Trunk Connection.
System Configuration
SNMP support; MIB II, Bridge MIB, RMON MIB
IEEE 802.1D
Management Agent
Spanning Tree Algorithm
Port-Base / 802.1Q-Tagged, allowed up to 256
active VLANs in one switch.
VLAN Function
Trunk Function
IGMP
Ports trunk connections allowed
IP Multicast Filtering by passively snooping
on the IGMP Query.
Supports by-port Egress/Ingress rate control
Bandwidth Control
Referred as Class of Service (CoS) by the IEEE
802.1P standard ,Classification of packet priority
can be based on either a VLAN tag on packet or a
user-defined
Per port QoS
Two queues per port
Quality of Service (QoS)
IP TOS Classification
TCP/UDP Port Classification
IP DiffServe Classification
Limit number of MAC addresses learned per
port static MAC addresses stay in the filtering table.
Port Security
Bridging : 802.1D Spanning Tree
IP Multicast : IGMP Snooping
IP Multicast Packet Filtering
Maximum of 256 active VLANs
and IP multicast sessions
Internetworking Protocol
One RS-232 port as local control console
Telnet remote control console
SNMP agent : MIB-2 (RFC 1213)
Bridge MIB (RFC 1493)
Network Management
RMON MIB (RFC 1757)-statistics
VLAN MIB (802.1Q)
Web browser support based on HTTP Server
and CGI parser TFTP software-upgrade capability.
Note: Any specification is subject to change without notice.
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Appendix B
Null Modem Cable
Specifications
The DB-9 cable is used for connecting a terminal or terminal emulator to the
Managed Switch’s RS-232 port to access the command-line interface.
The table below shows the pin assignments for the DB-9 cable.
Function
Mnemonic Pin
Carrier
CD
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Receive Data
Transmit Data
Data Terminal Ready
Signal Ground
Data Set Ready
Request To Send
Clear To Send
RXD
TXD
DTR
GND
DSR
RTS
CTS
9 Pin Null Modem Cable
CD
1
6
4
2
3
5
7
8
4
1
6
3
2
5
8
7
9
DTR
CD
DSR
DTR
RXD
TXD
GND
RTS
CTS
DSR
TXD
RXD
GND
CTS
RTS
Reserve 9
Reserve
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© 2007, Digital Data Communications Co., Ltd.. All rights reserved. All brand and
product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective
companies.
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