Operator′s manual
445 445e 450e
Please read the operator’s manual carefully and make sure you understand the instructions
before using the machine.
English
115 13 81-26 Rev.3 2009-01-14
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CONTENTS
Contents
KEY TO SYMBOLS
Symbols on the machine: .....................................
Symbols in the operator’s manual: .......................
CONTENTS
Contents ...............................................................
INTRODUCTION
5
Dear Customer, ....................................................
WHAT IS WHAT?
What is what on the chain saw? ...........................
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Before using a new chain saw ..............................
Important ..............................................................
Always use common sense ..................................
Personal protective equipment .............................
Machine′s safety equipment .................................
Cutting equipment ................................................ 11
ASSEMBLY
Fitting the bar and chain ....................................... 17
FUEL HANDLING
Fuel ...................................................................... 19
Fuelling ................................................................. 20
Fuel safety ............................................................ 20
STARTING AND STOPPING
Starting and stopping ........................................... 21
WORKING TECHNIQUES
Before use: ........................................................... 23
General working instructions ................................ 23
How to avoid kickback .......................................... 29
MAINTENANCE
General ................................................................. 31
Carburettor adjustment ......................................... 31
Checking, maintaining and servicing chain saw
safety equipment .................................................. 31
Muffler .................................................................. 33
Starter .................................................................. 34
Air filter ................................................................. 35
Spark plug ............................................................ 36
Lubricating the bar tip sprocket ............................ 36
Needle bearing lubrication ................................... 36
Cooling system ..................................................... 36
”Air Injection” centrifugal cleaning ........................ 37
Winter use ............................................................ 37
Maintenance schedule ......................................... 38
TECHNICAL DATA
Technical data ...................................................... 39
Bar and chain combinations ................................. 40
Saw chain filing and file gauges ........................... 40
EC-declaration of conformity ................................ 41
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INTRODUCTION
Dear Customer,
Congratulations on your choice to buy a Husqvarna product! Husqvarna is based on a tradition that dates back to 1689,
when the Swedish King Karl XI ordered the construction of a factory on the banks of the Husqvarna River, for production
of muskets. The location was logical, since water power was harnessed from the Huskvarna River to create the water-
powered plant.During the more than 300 years of beeing, the Husqvarna factory has produced a lot of different products,
from wood stoves to modern kitchen appliances, sewing machines, bicycles, motorcycles etc. In 1956, the first motor
driven lawn mowers appeared, followed by chain saws in 1959, and it is within this area Husqvarna is working today.
Today Husqvarna is one of the leading manufacturers in the world of forest and garden products, with quality as our
highest priority. The business concept is to develop, manufacture and market motor driven products for forestry and
gardening as well as for building and construction industry. Husqvarna′s aim is also to be in the front edge according to
ergonomics, usability, security and environmental protection. That is the reason why we have developed many different
features to provide our products within these areas.
We are convinced that you will appreciate with great satisfaction the quality and performance of our product for a very
long time to come. The purchase of one of our products gives you access to professional help with repairs and service
whenever this may be necessary. If the retailer who sells your machine is not one of our authorised dealers, ask for the
address of your nearest service workshop.
It is our wish that you will be satisfied with your product and that it will be your companion for a long time. Think of this
operator′s manual as a valuable document. By following its′ content (using, service, maintenance etc) the life span and
the second-hand value of the machine can be extended. If you will sell this machine, make sure that the buyer will get
the operator′s manual.
Thank you for using a Husqvarna product.
Husqvarna AB has a policy of continuous product development and therefore reserves the right to modify the design and
appearance of products without prior notice.
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WHAT IS WHAT?
What is what on the chain saw?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Cylinder cover
17 Muffler
18 Chain
Decompression valve
Air purge
19 Bar tip sprocket
Start reminder
20 Bar
Combined start and stop switch
Rear handle
21 Spike bumper
22 Chain catcher
Information and warning decal
Fuel tank
23 Chain tensioning screw
24 Clutch cover
Adjuster screws carburettor
25 Right hand guard
26 Throttle control
27 Throttle lockout
28 Chain tensioner wheel (445e, 450e)
29 Knob (445e, 450e)
30 Operator′s manual
31 Bar guard
10 Starter handle
11 Starter
12 Chain oil tank
13 Product and serial number plate
14 Felling direction mark
15 Front handle
16 Front hand guard
32 Combination spanner
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GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Before using a new chain saw
WARNING! Never allow children to use or
be in the vicinity of the machine. As the
machine is equipped with a spring-
loaded stop switch and can be started by
low speed and force on the starter
handle, even small children under some
circumstances can produce the force
necessary to start the machine.This can
mean a risk of serious personal injury.
Therefore remove the spark plug cap
when the machine is not under close
supervision.
•
Please read this manual carefully.
!
•
Check that the cutting equipment is correctly fitted and
adjusted. See instructions under the heading
Assembly.
•
•
•
Refuel and start the chain saw. See the instructions
under the headings Fuel Handling and Starting and
Stopping.
Do not use the chain saw until sufficient chain oil has
reached the chain.See instructions under the heading
Cutting equipment.
Long-term exposure to noise can result in permanent
hearing impairment. So always use approved hearing
protection.
Important
IMPORTANT!
The machine is only designed for cutting wood.
WARNING! Under no circumstances may
the design of the machine be modified
without the permission of the
manufacturer. Always use genuine
accessories. Non-authorized
modifications and/or accessories can
result in serious personal injury or the
death of the operator or others.
You should only use the saw with the bar and chain
combinations we recommend in the chapter Technical
data.
!
Never use the machine if you are fatigued, while under
the influence of alcohol or drugs, medication or anything
that could affect your vision, alertness, coordination or
judgement.
Wear personal protective equipment. See instructions
under the heading Personal protective equipment.
WARNING! A chain saw is a dangerous
tool if used carelessly or incorrectly and
can cause serious, even fatal injuries. It
is very important that you read and
understand the contents of this
operator’s manual.
!
Do not modify this product or use it if it appears to have
been modified by others.
Never use a machine that is faulty. Carry out the checks,
maintenance and service instructions described in this
manual. Some maintenance and service measures
must be carried out by trained and qualified specialists.
See instructions under the heading Maintenance.
WARNING! The inside of the muffler
contain chemicals that may be
carcinogenic. Avoid contact with these
elements in the event of a damaged
muffler.
!
Never use any accessories other than those
recommended in this manual. See instructions under
the headings Cutting equipment and Technical data.
CAUTION! Always wear protective glasses or a face
visor to reduce the risk of injury from thrown objects. A
chain saw is capable of throwing objects, such as wood
chips, small pieces of wood, etc, at great force.This can
result in serious injury, especially to the eyes.
WARNING! Long term inhalation of the
engine’s exhaust fumes, chain oil mist
and dust from sawdust can represent a
health risk.
!
WARNING! Running an engine in a
confined or badly ventilated area can
result in death due to asphyxiation or
carbon monoxide poisoning.
WARNING! The ignition system of this
machine produces an electromagnetic
!
field during operation.This field may
under some circumstances interfere with
pacemakers.To reduce the risk of
serious or fatal injury, we recommend
persons with pacemakers to consult
their physician and the pacemaker
manufacturer before operating this
machine.
WARNING! Faulty cutting equipment or
the wrong combination of bar and saw
chain increases the risk of kickback!
Only use the bar/saw chain combinations
we recommend, and follow the filing
instructions. See instructions under the
heading Technical data.
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GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
•
•
•
•
Protective goggles or a visor
Gloves with saw protection
Trousers with saw protection
Always use common sense
It is not possible to cover every conceivable situation you
can face when using a chain saw. Always exercise care and
use your common sense. Avoid all situations which you
consider to be beyond your capability. If you still feel
uncertain about operating procedures after reading these
instructions, you should consult an expert before continuing.
Do not hesitate to contact your dealer or us if you have any
questions about the use of the chain saw.We will willingly be
of service and provide you with advice as well as help you to
use your chain saw both efficiently and safely. Attend a
training course in chain saw usage if possible.Your dealer,
forestry school or your library can provide information about
which training materials and courses are available.
Boots with saw protection, steel toe-cap and non-slip
sole
•
•
Always have a first aid kit nearby.
Fire Extinguisher and Shovel
Generally clothes should be close-fitting without
restricting your freedom of movement.
IMPORTANT! Sparks can come from the muffler, the bar
and chain or other sources. Always have fire
extinguishing tools available if you should need them.
Help prevent forest fires.
′
Machine s safety equipment
In this section the machine’s safety features and their
function are explained. For inspection and maintenance
see instructions under the heading Checking, maintaining
and servicing chain saw safety equipment. See
instructions under the heading, What is what?, to find
where these parts are located on your machine.
The life span of the machine can be reduced and the risk
of accidents can increase if machine maintenance is not
carried out correctly and if service and/or repairs are not
carried out professionally. If you need further information
please contact your nearest service workshop.
Work is constantly in progress to improve the design and
technology - improvements that increase your safety and
efficiency. Visit your dealer regularly to see whether you
can benefit from new features that have been introduced.
WARNING! Never use a machine with
defective safety components. Safety
equipment must be inspected and
maintained. See instructions under the
heading Checking, maintaining and
servicing chain saw safety equipment. If
your machine does not pass all the
checks, take the saw to a servicing
dealer for repair.
Personal protective equipment
WARNING! Most chain saw accidents
happen when the chain touches the
!
operator.You must use approved
personal protective equipment whenever
you use the machine. Personal protective
equipment cannot eliminate the risk of
injury but it will reduce the degree of
injury if an accident does happen. Ask
your dealer for help in choosing the right
equipment.
Chain brake and front hand guard
Your chain saw is equipped with a chain brake that is
designed to stop the chain if you get a kickback.The chain
brake reduces the risk of accidents, but only you can
prevent them.
Take care when using your saw and make sure the
kickback zone of the bar never touches any object.
•
•
Approved protective helmet
Hearing protection
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English – 7
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
•
•
The chain brake (A) can either be activated manually
(by your left hand) or automatically by the inertia
release mechanism.
activated for long periods.The chain saw can become
very hot.
The brake is applied when the front hand guard (B) is
pushed forwards.
•
This movement activates a spring-loaded mechanism
that tightens the brake band (C) around the engine
drive system (D) (clutch drum).
•
To release the chain brake pull the front hand guard
backwards, towards the front handle.
•
The front hand guard is not designed solely to activate
the chain brake. Another important feature is that it
reduces the risk of your left hand hitting the chain if
you lose grip of the front handle.
•
Kickback can be very sudden and violent. Most
kickbacks are minor and do not always activate the
chain brake. If this happens you should hold the chain
saw firmly and not let go.
•
The chain brake must be engaged when the chain
saw is started to prevent the saw chain from rotating.
•
The way the chain brake is activated, either manually
or automatically by the inertia release mechanism,
depends on the force of the kickback and the position
of the chain saw in relation to the object that the
kickback zone of the bar strikes.
If you get a violent kickback while the kickback zone of
the bar is farthest away from you the chain brake is
designed to be activated by the inertia in the kickback
direction.
•
Use the chain brake as a ”parking brake” when
starting and when moving over short distances, to
reduce the risk of moving chain accidentally hitting
your leg or anyone or anything close by. Do not leave
the chain saw switched on with the chain brake
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GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
If the kickback is less violent or the kickback zone of
the bar is closer to you the chain brake will be
activated manually by the movement of your left hand.
Will my chain brake always protect me
from injury in the event of a kickback?
No. First, the chain brake must be in working order to
provide the intended protection. Second, it must be
activated during the kickback as described above to stop
the saw chain.Third, the chain brake may be activated but
if the bar is too close to you the brake might not have
enough time to slow down and stop the chain before the
chain saw hits you.
•
In the felling position the left hand is in a position that
makes manual activation of the chain brake
impossible. With this type of grip, that is when the left
hand is placed so that it cannot affect the movement
of the front hand guard, the chain brake can only be
activated by the inertia action.
Only you and proper working technique can eliminate
kickback and its danger.
Throttle lockout
The throttle lockout is designed to prevent accidental
operation of the throttle control. When you press the lock
(A) (i.e.when you grasp the handle) it releases the throttle
control (B). When you release the handle the throttle
control and the throttle lockout both move back to their
original positions. This arrangement means that the
throttle control is automatically locked at the idle setting.
Will my hand always activate the chain
brake during a kickback?
No. It takes a certain force to move the hand guard
forward. If your hand only lightly touches the front guard
or slips over it, the force may not be enough to trigger the
chain brake.You should also maintain a firm grip of the
chain saw handles while working. If you do and
experience a kickback, your hand may never leave the
front handle and will not activate the chain brake, or the
chain brake will only activate after the saw has swung
around a considerable distance. In such instances, the
chain brake might not have enough time to stop the saw
chain before it touches you.
Chain catcher
The chain catcher is designed to catch the chain if it snaps
or jumps off. This should not happen if the chain is
properly tensioned (see instructions under the heading
Assembly) and if the bar and chain are properly serviced
and maintained (see instructions under the heading
General working instructions).
There are also certain positions in which your hand
cannot reach the front hand guard to activate the chain
brake; for example, when the saw chain is held in felling
position.
Will my inertia activated chain brake
always activate during kickback in the
event of a kickback?
No. First your brake must be in working order.Testing the
brake is simple, see instructions under the heading
Checking, maintaining and servicing chain saw safety
equipment.We recommend you do before you begin each
work session. Second the kickback must be strong
enough to activate the chain brake. If the chain brake is
too sensitive it would activate all the time which would be
a nuisance.
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GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Right hand guard
Stop switch
Apart from protecting your hand if the chain jumps or
snaps, the right hand guard stops branches and twigs
from interfering with your grip on the rear handle.
Use the stop switch to switch off the engine.
Muffler
The muffler is designed to keep noise levels to a minimum
and to direct exhaust fumes away from the user.
Vibration damping system
Your machine is equipped with a vibration damping
system that is designed to minimize vibration and make
operation easier.
WARNING! The exhaust fumes from the
engine are hot and may contain sparks
which can start a fire. Never start the
machine indoors or near combustible
material!
The machine′s vibration damping system reduces the
transfer of vibration between the engine unit/cutting
equipment and the machine′s handle unit.The body of the
chain saw, including the cutting equipment, is insulated
from the handles by vibration damping units.
In areas with a hot, dry climate there is a high risk of fires.
These areas are sometimes subject to government rules
requiring among other things the muffler must be
equipped with an approved type of spark arrestor mesh.
Cutting hardwoods (most broadleaf trees) creates more
vibration than cutting softwoods (most conifers). Cutting
with cutting equipment that is blunt or faulty (wrong type
or badly sharpened) will increase the vibration level.
CAUTION! The muffler gets very hot during and after
use.This also applies during idling. Be aware of the fire
hazard, especially when working near flammable
substances and/or vapours.
WARNING! Never use a saw without a
muffler, or with a damaged muffler. A
!
WARNING! Overexposure to vibration
can lead to circulatory damage or nerve
damaged muffler may substantially
increase the noise level and the fire
hazard. Keep fire fighting equipment
handy. If a spark arrestor screen is
required in your area, never use the saw
without or with a broken spark arrestor
screen.
!
damage in people who have impaired
circulation. Contact your doctor if you
experience symptoms of overexposure
to vibration. Such symptoms include
numbness, loss of feeling, tingling,
pricking, pain, loss of strength, changes
in skin colour or condition.These
symptoms normally appear in the
fingers, hands or wrists.These
symptoms may be increased in cold
temperatures.
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GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Cutting equipment designed to reduce
kickback
Cutting equipment
This section describes how to choose and maintain your
cutting equipment in order to:
WARNING! Faulty cutting equipment or
the wrong combination of bar and saw
chain increases the risk of kickback!
Only use the bar/saw chain combinations
we recommend, and follow the filing
instructions. See instructions under the
heading Technical data.
•
•
Reduce the risk of kickback.
!
Reduce the risk of the saw chain breaking or jumping
off the bar.
•
•
•
Obtain optimal cutting performance.
Extend the life of cutting equipment.
Avoid increasing vibration levels.
The only way to avoid kickback is to make sure that the
kickback zone of the bar never touches anything.
General rules
•
Only use cutting equipment recommended by us!
See instructions under the heading Technical data.
By using cutting equipment with ”built-in” kickback
reduction and keeping the chain sharp and well-
maintained you can reduce the effects of kickback.
Bar
The smaller the tip radius the lower the chance of
kickback.
Chain
•
Keep the chain’s cutting teeth properly
sharpened! Follow our instructions and use the
recommended file gauge. A damaged or badly
sharpened chain increases the risk of accidents.
A chain is made up of a number of links, which are
available in standard and low-kickback versions.
IMPORTANT! No saw chain design eliminates the
danger of kickback.
WARNING! Any contact with a rotating
saw chain can cause extremely serious
injuries.
•
Maintain the correct depth gauge setting! Follow
our instructions and use the recommended depth
gauge clearance. Too large a clearance increases
the risk of kickback.
!
Some terms that describe the bar and chain
To maintain the safety features of the cutting equipment,
you should replace a worn or damaged bar or chain with
a bar and chain combinations recommended by
Husqvarna. See instructions under the heading Technical
Data for a list of replacement bar and chain combinations
we recommend.
•
•
Keep the chain properly tensioned! If the chain is
slack it is more likely to jump off and lead to increased
wear on the bar, chain and drive sprocket.
Bar
•
Length (inches/cm)
•
Number of teeth on bar tip sprocket (T).
Keep cutting equipment well lubricated and
properly maintained! A poorly lubricated chain is
more likely to break and lead to increased wear on the
bar, chain and drive sprocket.
•
Chain pitch (inches). The spacing between the drive
links of the chain must match the spacing of the teeth
on the bar tip sprocket and drive sprocket.
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English – 11
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
•
Number of drive links. The number of drive links is
•
A sharp chain eats its way through the wood and
determined by the length of the bar, the chain pitch
and the number of teeth on the bar tip sprocket.
produces long, thick chips or shavings.
•
Bar groove width (inches/mm). The groove in the bar
must match the width of the chain drive links.
•
The cutting part of the chain is called the cutter and
consists of a cutting tooth (A) and the depth gauge (B).
The cutters cutting depth is determined by the difference
in height between the two (depth gauge setting).
When you sharpen a cutting tooth there are four important
factors to remember.
•
Chain oil hole and hole for chain tensioner. The bar
must be matched to the chain saw design.
1
Filing angle
Chain
2
Cutting angle
•
Chain pitch (inches)
3
4
File position
•
Drive link width (mm/inches)
Round file diameter
•
Number of drive links.
It is very difficult to sharpen a chain correctly without the
right equipment. We recommend that you use our file
gauge. This will help you obtain the maximum kickback
reduction and cutting performance from your chain.
Sharpening your chain and adjusting
depth gauge setting
General information on sharpening cutting teeth
•
Never use a blunt chain. When the chain is blunt you
have to exert more pressure to force the bar through
the wood and the chips will be very small. If the chain
is very blunt it will produce wood powder and no chips
or shavings.
See instructions under the heading Technical data for
information about sharpening your chain.
WARNING! Departure from the
sharpening instructions considerably
increases the risk of kickback.
!
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GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Sharpening cutting teeth
Adjustment of depth gauge setting
To sharpen cutting teeth you will need a round file and a
file gauge. See instructions under the heading Technical
data for information on the size of file and gauge that are
recommended for the chain fitted to your chain saw.
•
•
The cutting teeth should be newly sharpened before
adjusting the depth gauge setting. We recommend
that you adjust the depth gauge setting every third
time you sharpen the cutting teeth. NOTE! This
recommendation assumes that the length of the
cutting teeth is not reduced excessively.
You will need a flat file and a depth gauge tool. We
recommend that you use our depth gauge tool to
acheive the correct depth gauge setting and bevel for
the depth gauge.
•
•
Check that the chain is correctly tensioned. A slack
chain will move sideways, making it more difficult to
sharpen correctly.
•
Place the depth gauge tool over the chain. Detailed
information regarding the use of the depth gauge tool,
will be found on the package for the depth gauge tool.
Use the flat file to file off the tip of the depth gauge that
protrudes through the depth gauge tool. The depth
gauge setting is correct when you no longer feel
resistance as you draw the file along the depth gauge
tool.
Always file cutting teeth from the inside face. Reduce
the pressure on the return stroke. File all the teeth on
one side first, then turn the chain saw over and file the
teeth on the other side.
•
File all the teeth to the same length. When the length
of the cutting teeth is reduced to 4 mm (0.16") the
chain is worn out and should be replaced.
Tensioning the chain
WARNING! A slack chain may jump off
and cause serious or even fatal injury.
General advice on adjusting depth gauge setting
!
•
When you sharpen the cutting tooth (A) the depth
gauge setting (C) will decrease. To maintain optimal
cutting performance the depth gauge (B) has to be
filed down to achieve the recommended depth gauge
setting. See instructions under the heading Technical
data to find the correct depth gauge setting for your
particular chain.
The more you use a chain the longer it becomes. It is
therefore important to adjust the chain regularly to take up
the slack.
Check the chain tension every time you refuel. NOTE! A
new chain has a running-in period during which you
should check the tension more frequently.
Tension the chain as tightly as possible, but not so tight
that you cannot pull it round freely by hand.
WARNING! The risk of kickback is
increased if the depth gauge setting is
too large!
!
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English – 13
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
445
•
Turn the knob anti clockwise to loosen the bar cover.
•
Loosen the bar nut that holds the clutch cover and
chain brake. Use the combination spanner. Then
retighten the bar nut as tightly as you can by hand.
•
Adjust the tension on the chain by turning the wheel
down (+) for tighter tension and up (-) to loosen the
tension.
•
Raise the tip of the bar and stretch the chain by
tightening the chain tensioning screw using the
combination spanner. Tighten the chain until it does
not sag from the underside of the bar.
•
Use the combination spanner to tighten the bar nuts
while lifting the tip of the bar at the same time. Check
that you can pull the chain round freely by hand and
that it does not sag from the underside of the bar.
•
Tighten the bar clutch by turning the knob clockwise.
The position of the chain tensioning screw on our chain
saws varies from model to model. See instructions under
the heading What is what? to find out where it is on your
model.
445e, 450e
•
Fold the knob back in to lock the tensioning.
•
Release the knob by folding it out.
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GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Checking chain lubrication
Lubricating cutting equipment
•
Check the chain lubrication each time you refuel. See
instructions under the heading Lubricating the bar tip
sprocket.
WARNING! Poor lubrication of cutting
equipment may cause the chain to snap,
which could lead to serious, even fatal
injuries.
!
Aim the tip of the bar at a light coloured surface about
20 cm (8 inches) away. After 1 minute running at 3/4
throttle you should see a distinct line of oil on the light
surface.
Chain oil
Chain oil must demonstrate good adhesion to the chain
and also maintain its flow characteristics regardless of
whether it is warm summer or cold winter weather.
As a chain saw manufacturer we have developed an
optimal chain oil which, with its vegetable oil base, is also
biodegradable. We recommend the use of our own oil for
both maximum chain life and to minimise environmental
damage. If our own chain oil is not available, standard
chain oil is recommended.
Never use waste oil! Using waste oil can be dangerous
to you and damage the machine and environment.
If the chain lubrication is not working:
IMPORTANT! When using vegetable based saw chain
oil, dismantle and clean the groove in the bar and saw
chain before long-term storage.Otherwise there is a risk
of the saw chain oil oxidizing, which will result in the saw
chain becoming stiff and the bar tip sprocket jamming.
•
•
•
Check that the oil channel in the bar is not obstructed.
Clean if necessary.
Filling with chain oil
•
All our chain saws have an automatic chain lubrication
system. On some models the oil flow is also
adjustable.
Check that the groove in the edge of the bar is clean.
Clean if necessary.
•
The saw chain oil tank and the fuel tank are designed
so that the fuel runs out before the saw chain oil.
However, this safety feature requires that you use the
right sort of chain oil (if the oil is too thin it will run out
before the fuel), and that you adjust the carburetor as
recommended (a lean mixture may mean that the fuel
lasts longer than the oil) and that you also use the
recommended cutting equipment (a bar that is too
long will use more chain oil).
Check that the bar tip sprocket turns freely and that
the lubricating hole in the tip sprocket is not blocked.
Clean and lubricate if necessary.
If the chain lubrication system is still not working after
carrying out the above checks and associated measures
you should contact your service agent.
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English – 15
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Chain drive sprocket
Bar
Check regularly:
The clutch drum is fitted with one of the following drive
sprockets:
•
Whether there are burrs on the edges of the bar.
Remove these with a file if necessary.
A
Spur sprocket (the chain sprocket is welded on the
drum)
B
Rim sprocket (replaceable)
•
•
Whether the groove in the bar has become badly
worn. Replace the bar if necessary.
Regularly check the degree of wear on the drive sprocket.
Replace if wear is excessive. Replace the drive sprocket
whenever you replace the chain.
Whether the tip of the bar is uneven or badly worn. If
a hollow forms on the underside of the bar tip this is
due to running with a slack chain.
Needle bearing lubrication
Both versions of sprockets have a needle bearing on the
drive shaft, which has to be greased regularly (once a
week). CAUTION! Use a high-quality bearing grease or
engine oil.
•
To prolong the life of the bar you should turn it over
regularly.
See instructions under the heading Maintenance, Needle
bearing lubrication.
Checking wear on cutting equipment
WARNING! Most chain saw accidents
happen when the chain touches the
operator.
Check the chain daily for:
!
Wear personal protective equipment. See
instructions under the heading Personal
protective equipment.
Do not tackle any job that you feel you
are not adequately trained for. See
instructions under the headings
Personal protective equipment, How to
avoid kickback, Cutting equipment and
General working instructions.
•
•
•
Visible cracks in rivets and links.
Whether the chain is stiff.
Whether rivets and links are badly worn.
Avoid situations where there is a risk of
kickback. See instructions under the
Replace the saw chain if it exhibits any of the points
above.
′
heading Machine s safety equipment.
We recommend you compare the existing chain with a
new chain to decide how badly the existing chain is worn.
Use the recommended protective
equipment and check its condition. See
instructions under the heading General
working instructions.
When the length of the cutting teeth has worn down to
only 4 mm the chain must be replaced.
Check that all the chain saw safety features
are working. See instructions under the
headings General working instructions and
General safety precautions.
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ASSEMBLY
should be tensioned until it does not sag from the
underside of the bar.
Fitting the bar and chain
WARNING! Always wear gloves, when
working with the chain.
!
The chain is correctly tensioned when it does not sag from
the underside of the bar, but can still be turned easily by
hand. Hold up the bar tip and tighten the bar nuts with the
combination spanner.
445
Check that the chain brake is in disengaged position by
moving the front hand guard towards the front handle.
Remove the bar nuts and remove the clutch cover (chain
brake). Take off the transportation ring (A).
When fitting a new chain, the chain tension has to be
checked frequently until the chain is run-in. Check the
chain tension regularly. A correctly tensioned chain
ensures good cutting performance and long life.
Fit the bar over the bar bolts. Place the bar in its rearmost
position. Place the chain over the drive sprocket locate it
in the groove on the bar. Begin on the top edge of the bar.
445e, 450e
Check that the chain brake is in disengaged position by
moving the front hand guard towards the front handle.
Make sure that the edges of the cutting links are facing
forward on the top edge of the bar.
Loosen the chain tensioner wheel and remove the clutch
cover (chain brake). Remove the transport guard.
Fit the clutch cover and locate the chain adjuster pin in the
hole in the bar. Check that the drive links of the chain fit
correctly over the drive sprocket and that the chain is
correctly located in the groove in the bar. Tighten the bar
nuts finger tight.
Tension the chain by turning the chain tensioning screw
clockwise using the combination spanner. The chain
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ASSEMBLY
Fit the bar over the bar bolts. Place the bar in its rearmost
position. Place the chain over the drive sprocket locate it
in the groove on the bar. Begin on the top edge of the bar.
Fitting a spike bumper
To fit a spike bumper – contact your service agent.
Make sure that the edges of the cutting links are facing
forward on the top edge of the bar.
Fit the clutch cover and locate the chain adjuster pin in the
hole in the bar. Check that the drive links of the chain fit
correctly over the drive sprocket and that the chain is
correctly located in the groove in the bar.
Tension the chain by turning the wheel down (+). The
chain should be tensioned until it does not sag from the
underside of the bar.
The chain is correctly tensioned when it does not sag from
the underside of the bar, but can still be turned easily by
hand. Hold up the bar tip and tighten the bar knob by
turning the knob clockwise.
When fitting a new chain, the chain tension has to be
checked frequently until the chain is run-in. Check the
chain tension regularly. A correctly tensioned chain
ensures good cutting performance and long life.
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FUEL HANDLING
Mixing ratio
Fuel
1:50 (2%) with HUSQVARNA two-stroke oil.
Note! The machine is equipped with a two-stroke engine
and must always be run using a mixture of petrol and two-
stroke oil. It is important to accurately measure the
amount of oil to be mixed to ensure that the correct
mixture is obtained. When mixing small amounts of fuel,
even small inaccuracies can drastically affect the ratio of
the mixture.
1:33 (3%) with oils class JASO FB or ISO EGB formulated
for air-cooled, two-stroke engines.
Petrol, litre
Two-stroke oil, litre
2% (1:50)
0,10
3% (1:33)
5
0,15
0,30
0,45
0,60
10
15
20
0,20
WARNING! Always ensure there is
adequate ventilation when handling fuel.
!
0,30
0,40
Petrol
Mixing
•
•
Use good quality unleaded or leaded petrol.
CAUTION! Engines equipped with catalytic
converters must be run on unleaded fuel
mixtures. Leaded gasoline will destroy the catalytic
converter and it will no longer serve its purpose. The
green fuel cap on saws fitted with catalytic converters
means that only unleaded gasoline can be used.
•
•
Always mix the petrol and oil in a clean container
intended for fuel.
•
•
The lowest recommended octane grade is 90 (RON).
If you run the engine on a lower octane grade than 90
so-called knocking can occur.This gives rise to a high
engine temperature and increased bearing load,
which can result in serious engine damage.
Always start by filling half the amount of the petrol to
be used.Then add the entire amount of oil.Mix (shake)
the fuel mixture. Add the remaining amount of petrol.
•
•
•
Mix (shake) the fuel mixture thoroughly before filling
the machine’s fuel tank.
When working with continuous high revs (e.g.limbing)
a higher octane is recommended.
Do not mix more than one month’s supply of fuel at a
time.
Environment fuel
HUSQVARNA recommends the use of alkylate fuel, either
Aspen two-stroke fuel or environmental fuel for four-stroke
engines blended with two-stroke oil as set out below.Note
that carburettor adjustment may be necessary when
changing the type of fuel (see the instructions under the
heading Carburettor).
If the machine is not used for some time the fuel tank
should be emptied and cleaned.
Chain oil
•
We recommend the use of special oil (chain oil) with
good adhesion characteristics.
Running-in
Avoid running at a too high speed for extended periods
during the first 10 hours.
Two-stroke oil
•
•
For best results and performance use HUSQVARNA
two-stroke engine oil, which is specially formulated for
our air-cooled two-stroke engines.
•
•
•
Never use waste oil. This results in damage to the oil
pump, the bar and the chain.
Never use two-stroke oil intended for water-cooled
engines, sometimes referred to as outboard oil (rated
TCW).
It is important to use oil of the right grade (suitable
viscosity range) to suit the air temperature.
•
•
Never use oil intended for four-stroke engines.
In temperatures below 0°C (32°F) some oils become
too viscous.This can overload the oil pump and result
in damage to the oil pump components.
A poor oil quality and/or too high oil/fuel ratio may
jeopardise function and decrease the life time of
catalytic converters.
•
Contact your service agent when choosing chain oil.
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FUEL HANDLING
•
Move the machine at least 3 m from the refuelling
point before starting it.
Fuelling
WARNING! Taking the following
precautions, will lessen the risk of fire:
!
Do not smoke and do not place any hot
objects in the vicinity of fuel.
Always stop the engine and let it cool for
a few minutes before refuelling.
•
Never start the machine:
1
If you have spilt fuel or chain oil on the machine.Wipe
off the spillage and allow remaining fuel to evaporate.
When refuelling, open the fuel cap slowly
so that any excess pressure is released
gently.
2
3
If you have spilt fuel on yourself or your clothes,
change your clothes.Wash any part of your body that
has come in contact with fuel. Use soap and water.
Tighten the fuel cap carefully after
refuelling.
If the machine is leaking fuel.Check regularly for leaks
from the fuel cap and fuel lines.
Always move the machine away from the
refuelling area before starting.
WARNING! Never use a machine with
visible damage to the spark plug guard
and ignition cable. A risk of sparking
arises, which can cause a fire.
!
Clean the area around the fuel cap. Clean the fuel and
chain oil tanks regularly. The fuel filter must be replaced
at least once a year. Contamination in the tanks causes
malfunction. Make sure the fuel is well mixed by shaking
the container before refuelling.The capacities of the chain
oil tank and fuel tank are carefully matched.You should
therefore always fill the chain oil tank and fuel tank at the
same time.
Transport and storage
•
Always store the chain saw and fuel so that there is no
risk of leakages or fumes coming into contact with
sparks or naked flames from electrical equipment,
electric motors, relays/switches, boilers and the like.
•
•
Always store fuel in an approved container designed
for that purpose.
For longer periods of storage or for transport of the
chain saw, the fuel and chain oil tanks should be
emptied.Ask where you can dispose of waste fuel and
chain oil at your local petrol station.
•
•
Ensure the machine is cleaned and that a complete
service is carried out before long-term storage.
WARNING! Fuel and fuel vapour are
highly flammable.Take care when
handling fuel and chain oil. Be aware of
the risks of fire, explosion and those
associated with inhalation.
!
The bar guard must always be fitted to the cutting
attachment when the machine is being transported or
in storage, in order to prevent accident contact with
the sharp chain. Even a non-moving chain can cause
serious cuts to yourself or persons you bump into with
an exposed chain.
Fuel safety
•
Never refuel the machine while the engine is running.
•
Remove the spark plug cap from the spark plug.
Activate the chain brake.
•
Make sure there is plenty of ventilation when refuelling
or mixing fuel (petrol and 2-stroke oil).
Long-term storage
Empty the fuel/oil tanks in a well ventilated area.Store the
fuel in approved cans in a safe place. Fit the bar guard.
Clean the machine. See instructions under the heading
Maintenance schedule.
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STARTING AND STOPPING
Pull the starter handle (4): Pull the starter handle with
Starting and stopping
your right hand and pull out the starter cord slowly until
you feel a resistance (as the starter pawls engage) then
pull firmly and rapidly until the engine fires.
WARNING! Note the following before
starting:
!
Push down the red choke control (5): As soon as the
engine fires which can be heard through a "puff" sound,
push down on the red choke control.
The chain brake must be engaged when
the chain saw is started to reduce the
chance of contact with the moving chain
during starting.
Pull the starter handle (6): Keep on pulling the cord
powerfully until the engine starts.
Never start a chain saw unless the bar,
chain and all covers are fitted correctly.
Otherwise the clutch can come loose and
cause personal injuries.
Warm engine
Start position (1):The correct choke/start throttle setting
for warm starting is obtained by initially moving the choke
control by pulling the red control outward - upwards.
Place the machine on firm ground. Make
sure you have a secure footing and that
the chain cannot touch anything.
Decompression valve (2): Press the valve to reduce the
pressure in the cylinder and make starting easier. Once
the machine has started the valve will automatically return
to its original setting.
Keep people and animals well away from
the working area.
Air purge (3): Press the air purge diaphragm repeatedly
until fuel fills the diaphragm (at least 6 times). The
diaphragm need not be completely filled.
Never twist the starter cord around your
hand.
Push down the red choke control (5): This inactivates
the choke, which is not needed when starting a warm
chain saw.However the movement of the start/stop switch
will have engaged a high idle, making warm starting
easier.
Starting
The chain brake must be engaged when the chain saw is
started.Activate the brake by moving the front hand guard
forwards.
Pull the starter handle (6): Grip the front handle with
your left hand. Hold the chain saw on the ground by
placing your right foot through the rear handle.
Pull the starter handle with your right hand and pull out the
starter cord slowly until you feel a resistance (as the
starter pawls engage) then pull firmly and rapidly until the
engine fires.
Cold engine
Start position (1): Set the start/stop switch in the choke
position by pulling the red control outward - upward.
Decompression valve (2): Press the valve to reduce the
pressure in the cylinder and make starting easier. Once
the machine has started the valve will automatically return
to its original setting.
Air purge (3): Press the air purge diaphragm repeatedly
until fuel fills the diaphragm (at least 6 times). The
diaphragm need not be completely filled.
As the chain brake is still engaged the speed of the engine
must be set to idling as soon as possible, this is achieved
by disengaging the throttle lock. Disengagement is done
by gently touching on the throttle trigger. This prevents
unnecessary wear to the clutch, clutch drum and brake
band. Allow the machine to idle a few seconds before
giving full throttle.
A
2
3
1
Grip the front handle with your left hand. Hold the chain
saw on the ground by placing your right foot through the
rear handle.
There is a simplified start reminder with illustrations to
describe each step on the rear edge of the saw (A).
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STARTING AND STOPPING
CAUTION! Do not pull the starter cord all the way out and
•
Observe your surroundings and make sure that there
do not let go of the starter handle when the cord is fully
extended. This can damage the machine.
is no risk of people or animals coming into contact with
the cutting equipment.
•
Always hold the saw with both hands. The right hand
should be on the rear handle, and the left hand on the
front handle. All people, whether right or left handed,
should use this grip. Use a firm grip with thumbs and
fingers encircling the chain saw handles.
Note! Reactivate the chain brake by pushing the front
hand guard back towards the front handle. The chain
saw is now ready for use.
WARNING! Long term inhalation of the
engine’s exhaust fumes, chain oil mist
and dust from sawdust can represent a
health risk.
!
•
Never start a chain saw unless the bar, chain and all
covers are fitted correctly. See instructions under the
heading Assembly. Without a bar and chain attached
to the chain saw the clutch can come loose and cause
serious injury.
Stopping
•
The chain brake should be activated when starting.Se
instructions under the heading Start and stop. Do not
drop start. This method is very dangerous because
you may lose control of the saw.
Stop the engine by pushing the start/stop switch down.
CAUTION! The start/stop switch automatically returns to
run position. To avoid involuntary start up, the spark plug
cap must always be removed from the spark plug when
the machine is unsupervised.
•
Never start the machine indoors. Exhaust fumes can
be dangerous if inhaled.
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WORKING TECHNIQUES
Basic safety rules
Before use:
1
•
Look around you:
To ensure that people, animals or other things cannot
affect your control of the machine.
•
To make sure that none of the above might come
within reach of your saw or be injured by falling trees.
,
1
Check that the chain brake works correctly and is not
damaged.
2
3
Check that the rear right hand guard is not damaged.
Check that the throttle lockout works correctly and is
not damaged.
CAUTION! Follow the instructions above, but do not use a
chain saw in a situation where you cannot call for help in
case of an accident.
4
Check that the stop switch works correctly and is not
damaged.
2
3
4
Do not use the machine in bad weather, such as
dense fog, heavy rain, strong wind, intense cold, etc.
Working in bad weather is tiring and often brings
added risks, such as icy ground, unpredictable felling
direction, etc.
5
6
Check that all handles are free from oil.
Check that the anti vibration system works and is not
damaged.
7
8
9
Check that the muffler is securely attached and not
damaged.
Take great care when removing small branches and
avoid cutting bushes (i.e.cutting many small branches
at the same time). Small branches can be grabbed by
the chain and thrown back at you, causing serious
injury.
Check that all parts of the chain saw are tightened
correctly and that they are not damaged or missing.
Check that the chain catcher is in place and not
damaged.
Make sure you can move and stand safely. Check the
area around you for possible obstacles (roots, rocks,
branches, ditches, etc.) in case you have to move
suddenly. Take great care when working on sloping
ground.
10 Check the chain tension.
General working instructions
IMPORTANT!
This section describes basic safety rules for using a
chain saw. This information is never a substitute for
professional skills and experience. If you get into a
situation where you feel unsafe, stop and seek expert
advice. Contact your chain saw dealer, service agent or
an experienced chain saw user. Do not attempt any task
that you feel unsure of!
Before using a chain saw you must understand the
effects of kickback and how to avoid them. See
instructions under the heading How to avoid kickback.
5
Take great care when cutting a tree that is in tension.
A tree that is in tension may spring back to its normal
position before or after being cut. If you position
yourself incorrectly or make the cut in the wrong place
the tree may hit you or the machine and cause you to
lose control. Both situations can cause serious
personal injury.
Before using a chain saw you must understand the
difference between cutting with the top and bottom
edges of the bar. See instructions under the headings
How to avoid kickback and Machine’s safety equipment.
Wear personal protective equipment. See instructions
under the heading Personal protective equipment.
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WORKING TECHNIQUES
Have control over the workpiece. If the pieces you
intend to cut are small and light, they can jam in the
saw chain and be thrown towards you. Even if this
does not need to be a danger, you may be surprised
and lose control of the saw. Never saw stacked logs or
branches without first separating them. Only saw one
log or one piece at a time. Remove the cut pieces to
keep your working area safe.
6
Before moving your chain saw switch off the engine
and lock the chain using the chain brake. Carry the
chain saw with the bar and chain pointing backwards.
Fit a guard to the bar before transporting the chain
saw or carrying it for any distance.
7
When you put the chain saw on the ground, lock the
saw chain using the chain brake and ensure you have
a constant view of the machine. Switch the engine off
before leaving your chain saw for any length of time.
4
Never use the chain saw above shoulder height
and try not to cut with the tip of the bar. Never use
the chain saw one-handed!
General rules
1
If you understand what kickback is and how it happens
then you can reduce or eliminate the element of
surprise. By being prepared you reduce the risk.
Kickback is usually quite mild, but it can sometimes be
very sudden and violent.
2
Always hold the chain saw firmly with your right hand
on the rear handle and your left hand on the front
handle. Wrap your fingers and thumbs around the
handles.You should use this grip whether you are
right-handed or left-handed. This grip minimises the
effect of kickback and lets you keep the chain saw
under control. Do not let go of the handles!
5
You must have a steady stance in order to have full
control over the chain saw. Never work standing on a
ladder, in a tree or where you do not have firm ground
to stand on.
3
Most kickback accidents happen during limbing. Make
sure you are standing firmly and that there is nothing in
the way that might make you trip or lose your balance.
Lack of concentration can lead to kickback if the
kickback zone of the bar accidentally touches a
branch, nearby tree or some other object.
6
7
Always use a fast cutting speed, i.e. full throttle.
Take great care when you cut with the top edge of the
bar, i.e. when cutting from the underside of the object.
This is known as cutting on the push stroke.The chain
tries to push the chain saw back towards the user. If
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WORKING TECHNIQUES
the saw chain is jamming, the saw may be pushed
Terms
back at you.
Cutting = General term for cutting through wood.
Limbing = Cutting branches off a felled tree.
Splitting = When the object you are cutting breaks off
before the cut is complete.
There are five important factors you should consider
before making a cut:
1
Make sure the cutting equipment will not jam in the
cut.
8
Unless the user resists this pushing force there is a
risk that the chain saw will move so far backwards that
only the kickback zone of the bar is in contact with the
tree, which will lead to a kickback.
2
3
Make sure the object you are cutting will not split.
Cutting with the bottom edge of the bar, i.e. from the
top of the object downwards, is known as cutting on
the pull stroke. In this case the chain saw pulls itself
towards the tree and the front edge of the chain saw
body rests naturally on the trunk when cutting. Cutting
on the pull stroke gives the operator better control over
the chain saw and the position of the kickback zone.
Make sure the chain will not strike the ground or any
other object during or after cutting.
4
Is there a risk of kickback?
9
Follow the instructions on sharpening and maintaining
your bar and chain. When you replace the bar and
chain use only combinations that are recommended
by us. See instructions under the headings Cutting
equipment and Technical data.
5
Do the conditions and surrounding terrain affect how
safely you can stand and move about?
Two factors decide whether the chain will jam or the object
that you are cutting will split: the first is how the object is
supported before and after cutting, and the second is
whether it is in tension.
Basic cutting technique
WARNING! Never use a chain saw by
holding it with one hand. A chain saw is
not safely controlled with one hand.
Always have a secure, firm grip around
the handles with both hands.
!
In most cases you can avoid these problems by cutting in
two stages; from the top and from the bottom.You need to
support the object so that it will not trap the chain or split
during cutting.
General
IMPORTANT! If the chain jams in the cut: stop the
engine! Don’t try to pull the chain saw free. If you do you
may be injured by the chain when the chain saw
suddenly breaks free.Use a lever to open up the cut and
free the chain saw.
•
•
Always use full throttle when cutting!
Reduce the speed to idle after every cut (running the
engine for too long at full throttle without any load, i.e.
without any resistance from the chain during cutting,
can lead to serious engine damage).
•
•
Cutting from above = Cutting on the pull stroke.
Cutting from below = Cutting on the push stroke.
The following instructions describe how to handle the
commonest situations you are likely to encounter when
using a chain saw.
Cutting on the push stroke increases the risk of kickback.
See instructions under the heading How to avoid kickback.
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WORKING TECHNIQUES
Limbing
Turn the log and finish the cut from the opposite side.
When limbing thick branches you should use the same
approach as for cutting.
Cut difficult branches piece by piece.
2
1
The log is supported at one end. There is a high risk
that it will split.
3
Start by cutting from below (about 1/3 of the way through).
Finish by cutting from above so that the two cuts meet.
Cutting
WARNING! Never attempt to cut logs
while they are in a pile or when a couple
!
of logs are lying together. Such
procedures drastically increase the risk
of kickback which can result in a serious
or fatal injury.
The log is supported at both ends. There is a high risk
that the chain will jam.
If you have a pile of logs, each log you attempt to cut
should be removed from the pile, placed on a saw horse
or runners and cut individually.
Remove the cut pieces from the cutting area. By leaving
them in the cutting area, you increase the risk for
inadvertently getting a kickback, as well as increasing the
risk of losing your balance while working.
Start by cutting from above (about 1/3 of the way through).
Finish by cutting from below so that the two cuts meet.
The log is lying on the ground. There is little risk of the
chain jamming or the object splitting. However there is a
risk that the chain will touch the ground when you finish
the cut.
Tree felling technique
IMPORTANT! It takes a lot of experience to fell a tree.
Inexperienced users of chain saws should not fell trees.
Do not attempt any task that you feel unsure of!
Safe distance
Cut all the way through the log from above. Avoid letting
the chain touch the ground as you finish the cut. Maintain
full throttle but be prepared for what might happen.
The safe distance between a tree that is to be felled and
anyone else working nearby is at least 2 1/2 tree lengths.
Make sure that no-one else is in this ”risk zone” before or
during felling.
If it is possible (can you turn the log?) stop cutting about
2/3 of the way through the log.
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WORKING TECHNIQUES
Felling direction
Clearing the trunk and preparing your retreat
The aim is to fell the tree in a position where you can limb
and cross-cut the log as easily as possible.You want it to
fall in a location where you can stand and move about
safely.
Delimb the stem up to shoulder height. It is safer to work
from the top down and to have the tree between you and
the saw.
Once you have decided which way you want the tree to fall
you must judge which way the tree would fall naturally.
Several factors affect this:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Lean of the tree
Bend
Wind direction
Arrangement of branches
Weight of snow
Remove any undergrowth from the base of the tree and
check the area for obstacles (stones, branches, holes,
etc.) so that you have a clear path of retreat when the tree
starts to fall.Your path of retreat should be roughly 135
degrees away from the intended felling direction.
Obstacles within the reach of the tree: for example,
other trees, power lines, roads and buildings.
•
Look for signs of damage and rot in the stem, this
makes it more probably that the tree will break and
start to fall before you expect it to.
1
3
2
1
You may find you are forced to let the tree fall in its natural
direction because it is impossible or dangerous to try to
make it fall in the direction you first intended.
1
2
Another very important factor, which does not affect the
felling direction but does affect your safety, is to make sure
the tree has no damaged or dead branches that might
break off and hit you during felling.
1
2
3
Danger zone
Retreat path
The main point to avoid is letting the tree fall onto another
tree. It is very dangerous to remove a trapped tree and
there is high accident risk. See instructions under the
heading Freeing a tree that has fallen badly.
Felling direction
Felling
WARNING! Unless you have special
training we advise you not to fell trees
with a diameter larger than the bar length
of your saw!
!
Felling is done using three cuts. First you make the
directional cuts, which consist of the top cut and the
bottom cut, then you finish with the felling cut. By placing
these cuts correctly you can control the felling direction
very accurately.
Directional cuts
IMPORTANT! During critical felling operations, hearing
protectors should be lifted immediately when sawing is
completed so that sounds and warning signals can be
heard.
To make the directional cut you begin with the top cut.Aim
using to the saw’s felling direction mark (1) toward a goal
further forward in the terrain, where you would like the tree
to fall (2). Stand on the right-hand side of the tree, behind
the saw, and cut with a pull stroke.
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WORKING TECHNIQUES
Next make the bottom cut so that it finishes exactly at the
The felling hinge controls the direction that the tree falls in.
end of the top cut.
All control over the felling direction is lost if the felling
hinge is too narrow or non-existent, or if the directional
cuts and felling cut are badly placed.
The directional cuts should run 1/4 of the diameter
through the trunk and the angle between the top cut and
bottom cut should be 45°.
The line where the two cuts meet is called the directional
cut line. This line should be perfectly horizontal and at
right angles (90°) to the chosen felling direction.
When the felling cut and directional cut are complete the
tree should start to fall by itself or with the aid of a felling
wedge or breaking bar.
Felling cut
The felling cut is made from the opposite side of the tree
and it must be perfectly horizontal. Stand on the left side
of the tree and cut on the pull stroke.
Make the felling cut about 3-5 cm (1.5-2 inches) above the
bottom directional cut.
We recommend that you use a bar that is longer than the
diameter of the tree, so that you can make the felling cut
and directional cuts with single cutting strokes. See
instructions under the heading Technical data section to
find out which lengths of bar are recommended for your
saw.
Set the spike bumper (if one is fitted) just behind the felling
hinge. Use full throttle and advance the chain/bar slowly
into the tree. Make sure the tree does not start to move in
the opposite direction to your intended felling direction.
Drive a wedge or breaking bar into the cut as soon as it is
deep enough.
There are methods for felling trees with a diameter larger
than the bar length. However these methods involve a
much greater risk that the kickback zone of the bar will
come into contact with the tree.
Finish the felling cut parallel with the directional cut line so
that the distance between them is at least 1/10 of the
trunk diameter.The uncut section of the trunk is called the
felling hinge.
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WORKING TECHNIQUES
necessary to reduce the tension and make the tree or
branch break at the point of maximum tension.
Freeing a tree that has fallen badly
Freeing a ”trapped tree”
It is very dangerous to remove a trapped tree and there is
high accident risk.
Never try to fell the tree that is trapped.
Never cut straight through a tree or branch that is in
tension!
Never work in the risk zone of the hanging trapped tree.
If you must cut across tree/limb, make two to three cuts,
one inch apart, one to two inches deep.
Continue to cut deeper until tree/limb bends and tension
is released.
The safest method is to use a winch.
•
Tractor-mounted
Cut tree/limb from outside the bend, after tension has
been released.
•
Portable
How to avoid kickback
WARNING! Kickback can happen very
suddenly and violently; kicking the chain
!
saw, bar and chain back at the user. If
this happens when the chain is moving it
can cause very serious, even fatal
injuries. It is vital you understand what
causes kickback and that you can avoid
it by taking care and using the right
working technique.
Cutting trees and branches that are in tension
Preparations:Work out which side is in tension and where
the point of maximum tension is (i.e. where it would break
if it was bent even more).
What is kickback?
The word kickback is used to describe the sudden
reaction that causes the chain saw and bar to jump off an
object when the upper quadrant of the tip of the bar,
known as the kickback zone, touches an object.
Decide which is the safest way to release the tension and
whether you are able to do it safely. In complicated
situations the only safe method is to put aside your chain
saw and use a winch.
General advice:
Position yourself so that you will be clear of the tree or
branch when the tension is released.
Kickback always occurs in the cutting plane of the bar.
Normally the chain saw and bar are thrown backwards
and upwards towards the user. However, the chain saw
may move in a different direction depending on the way it
Make one or more cuts at or near the point of maximum
tension. Make as many cuts of sufficient depth as
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WORKING TECHNIQUES
was being used when the kickback zone of the bar
Cutting the trunk into logs
touched the object.
See instructions under the heading Basic cutting
technique.
Kickback only occurs if the kickback zone of the bar
touches an object.
Limbing
WARNING! A majority of kickback
accidents occur during limbing. Do not
!
use the kickback zone of the guide bar.
Be extremely cautious and avoid
contacting the log, other limbs or objects
with the nose of the guide bar. Be
extremely cautious of limbs under
tension.They can spring back toward
you and cause loss of control resulting
in injury.
Make sure that you can stand and move about safely.
Work on the left side of the trunk. Work as close as
possible to the chain saw for maximum control.If possible,
let the weight of the chain saw rest on the trunk.
Keep the trunk between you and the chain saw as you
move along the trunk.
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MAINTENANCE
General
Checking, maintaining and
servicing chain saw safety
equipment
The user must only carry out the maintenance and
service work described in this Operator’s Manual. More
extensive work must be carried out by an authorised
service workshop.
Note! All service and repair work on the machine
demands special training. This is especially true of the
machine’s safety equipment. If your machine fails any of
the checks described below we recommend that you
take it to your service workshop.
Carburettor adjustment
Your Husqvarna product has been designed and
manufactured to specifications that reduce harmful
emissions.
Function
Chain brake and front hand guard
•
•
The carburettor governs the engine’s speed via the
throttle control. Air and fuel are mixed in the
carburettor. The air/fuel mixture is adjustable. Correct
adjustment is essential to get the best performance
from the machine.
Checking brake band wear
Brush off any wood dust, resin and dirt from the chain
brake and clutch drum.Dirt and wear can impair operation
of the brake.
The T-screw regulates the throttle setting at idle
speed. If the T-screw is turned clockwise this gives a
higher idle speed; turning it anti-clockwise gives a
lower idle speed.
Basic settings and running in
The basic carburettor settings are adjusted during testing
at the factory. Fine adjustment should be carried out by a
skilled technician.
Rec. idle speed: See the Technical data section.
Fine adjustment of the idle speedT
Adjust the idle speed with the T-screw. If it is necessary to
re-adjust, turn the T-screw clockwise while the engine is
running, until the chain starts to rotate. Then turn anti-
clockwise until the chain stops. When the idle speed is
correctly adjusted the engine should run smoothly in
every position and the engine speed should be safely
below the speed at which the chain starts to rotate.
Regularly check that the brake band is at least 0.6 mm
thick at its thinnest point.
Checking the front hand guard
Make sure the front hand guard is not damaged and that
there are no visible defects such as cracks.
WARNING! Contact your servicing
dealer, if the idle speed setting cannot be
adjusted so that the chain stops. Do not
use the chain saw until it has been
properly adjusted or repaired.
!
Correctly adjusted carburettor
Move the front hand guard forwards and back to make
sure it moves freely and that it is securely anchored to the
clutch cover.
When the carburettor is correctly adjusted the machine
accelerates without hesitation and 4-cycles a little at full
throttle. It is also important that the chain does not rotate
at idle. If the L-jet is set too lean it may cause starting
difficulties and poor acceleration. If the H-jet is set too
lean the machine will have less power, poor acceleration
and could suffer damage to the engine.
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MAINTENANCE
Checking the inertia brake release
Apply full throttle and activate the chain brake by tilting
your left wrist forward onto the front hand guard.Do not let
go of the front handle. The chain should stop
immediately.
Place the chain saw, with the engine switched off, on a
stump or other stable surface. Release the front handle
and let the saw fall by its own weight, rotating around the
rear handle towards the stump.
Throttle lockout
•
Make sure the throttle control is locked at the idle
setting when the throttle lockout is released.
When the bar hits the stump the brake should be
applied.
•
Press the throttle lockout and make sure it returns to
its original position when you release it.
Checking the brake trigger
•
•
Check that the throttle control and throttle lockout
move freely and that the return springs work properly.
Place the chain saw on firm ground and start it.Make sure
the chain does not touch the ground or any other object.
See the instructions under the heading Start and stop.
Start the chain saw and apply full throttle. Release the
throttle control and check that the chain stops and
remains stationary. If the chain rotates when the
throttle control is in the idle position you should check
the carburettor idle adjustment.
Grasp the chain saw firmly, wrapping your fingers and
thumbs around the handles.
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MAINTENANCE
Chain catcher
Stop switch
Check that the chain catcher is not damaged and is firmly
attached to the body of the chain saw.
Start the engine and make sure the engine stops when
you move the stop switch to the stop setting.
CAUTION! The start/stop switch automatically returns to
run position. In order to prevent unintentional starting, the
spark plug cap must be removed from the spark plug
when assembling, checking and/or performing
maintenance.
Right hand guard
Muffler
Check that the right hand guard is not damaged and that
there are no visible defects, such as cracks.
Never use a machine that has a faulty muffler.
Vibration damping system
Regularly check that the muffler is securely attached to
the machine.
Regularly check the vibration damping units for cracks or
deformation.
Make sure the vibration damping units are securely
attached to the engine unit and handle unit.
Some mufflers are equipped with a special spark arrestor
mesh. If your machine has this type of muffler, you should
clean the mesh at least once a week. This is best done
with a wire brush. A blocked mesh will cause the engine
to overheat and may lead to serious damage.
Note! The mesh must be replaced if it is damaged. If the
mesh is blocked the machine will overheat and this will
cause damage to the cylinder and piston. Never use a
machine with a muffler that is in poor condition. Never
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MAINTENANCE
use a muffler if the spark arrestor mesh is missing or
•
Undo the bolt in the centre of the pulley and remove
defective.
the drive disc (A), drive disc spring (B) and the pulley
(C). Insert and secure a new starter cord in the starter
pulley. Wind approx. 3 turns of the starter cord on the
starter pulley. Fit the starter pulley so that the end of
the recoil spring (D) hooks into the starter pulley. Now
assemble the drive disc spring, drive disc and the bolt
in the centre of the pulley. Carry the starter cord
through the hole in the starter housing and the starter
handle. Tie a good knot on the starter cord.
The muffler is designed to reduce the noise level and to
direct the exhaust gases away from the operator. The
exhaust gases are hot and can contain sparks, which may
cause fire if directed against dry and combustible
material.
Starter
WARNING! When the recoil spring is
wound up in the starter housing it is
!
under tension and can, if handled
carelessly, pop out and cause personal
injury.
Care must be exercised when replacing
the return spring or the starter cord.
Wear protective glasses and protective
gloves.
Tensioning the recoil spring
•
Hook the starter cord in the notch in the pulley and
turn the starter pulley about 2 turns clockwise.
Replacing the starter cord
Note! Check that the pulley can be turned at least a
further 1/2 turn when the starter cord is pulled all the
way out.
•
Loosen the screws that hold the starter against the
crankcase and remove the starter.
•
Pull out the cord approx. 30 cm and hook it into the
notch in the rim of the pulley. Release the recoil spring
by letting the pulley rotate slowly backwards.
Stretch the line with the handle. Move your thumb and
release the line. See the figure below.
2
1
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MAINTENANCE
Replacing the return and drive springs
Air filter
Recoil spring (A)
The air filter must be regularly cleaned to remove dust and
dirt in order to avoid:
•
Lift up the starter pulley. See instructions under the
heading Changing a broken or worn starter cord.
Remember that the recoil spring is coiled under
tension in the starter housing.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Carburettor malfunctions
Starting problems
Loss of engine power
•
•
Remove the cassette with the recoil spring from the
starter.
Unnecessary wear to engine parts.
Excessive fuel consumption.
Lubricate the recoil spring with light oil. Fit the
cassette with recoil spring in the starter. Fit the starter
pulley and tension the recoil spring.
Remove the air filter after taking off the air filter cover.
When refitting make sure that the air filter seals tightly
against the filter holder. Clean the filter by brushing or
shaking it.
Drive disc spring (B)
•
Undo the bolt in the centre of the pulley and remove
the drive disc and the drive disc spring.
•
Replace the drive disc spring and fit the drive disc
above the spring.
A
B
The filter can be cleaned more thoroughly by washing it in
water and detergent.
An air filter that has been in use for a long time cannot be
cleaned completely. The filter must therefore be replaced
with a new one at regular intervals. A damaged air filter
must always be replaced.
Fitting the starter
A HUSQVARNA chain saw can be equipped with different
types of air filter according to working conditions, weather,
season, etc. Contact your dealer for advice.
•
To fit the starter, first pull out the starter cord and place
the starter in position against the crankcase. Then
slowly release the starter cord so that the pulley
engages with the pawls.
•
Fit and tighten the screws that hold the starter.
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MAINTENANCE
Spark plug
Needle bearing lubrication
The clutch drum has a needle bearing on the output shaft.
This needle bearing must be lubricated regularly.
The spark plug condition is influenced by:
•
•
Incorrect carburettor adjustment.
When lubricating, remove the clutch cover by loosening
the two bar nuts. Lay the saw on its side with the clutch
drum upwards.
An incorrect fuel mixture (too much or incorrect type of
oil).
•
A dirty air filter.
Lubrication involves engine oil dripping into the centre of
the clutch drum as it rotates.
These factors cause deposits on the spark plug
electrodes, which may result in operating problems and
starting difficulties.
If the machine is low on power, difficult to start or runs
poorly at idle speed: always check the spark plug first
before taking any further action. If the spark plug is dirty,
clean it and check that the electrode gap is 0.5 mm. The
spark plug should be replaced after about a month in
operation or earlier if necessary.
Cooling system
To keep the working temperature as low as possible the
machine is equipped with a cooling system.
The cooling system consists of:
Note! Always use the recommended spark plug type! Use
of the wrong spark plug can damage the piston/cylinder.
Check that the spark plug is fitted with a suppressor.
1
2
3
4
5
Air intake on the starter.
Air guide plate.
Fins on the flywheel.
Lubricating the bar tip sprocket
Cooling fins on the cylinder.
Cylinder cover (directs cold air over the cylinder).
Lubricate the bar tip sprocket each time you refuel. Use
the special grease gun and a good quality bearing grease.
Clean the cooling system with a brush once a week, more
often in demanding conditions. A dirty or blocked cooling
system results in the machine overheating which causes
damage to the piston and cylinder.
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MAINTENANCE
machine is used in normal temperature conditions.
Otherwise there is a risk of overheating, resulting in
severe damage to the engine.
”Air Injection” centrifugal
cleaning
IMPORTANT! Any maintenance other than that described
in this manual must be carried out by your servicing dealer
(retailer).
Centrifugal cleaning means the following: All air to the
carburettor passes through the starter. Dirt and dust is
centrifuged out by the cooling fan.
IMPORTANT! In order to maintain operation of the
centrifugal cleaning system it must be regularly
maintained. Clean the air intake to the starter, the fins on
the flywheel, the space around the flywheel, inlet pipe and
carburettor compartment.
Winter use
Running problems can occur when using the machine in
the cold and snowy conditions caused by:
•
•
Too low engine temperature.
Icing of the air filter and carburettor.
Special measures are therefore often required:
•
Partly mask the air inlet on the starter to increase the
working temperature of the engine.
°
Temperature -5 C or colder:
For running the machine in cold weather or powder snow,
a special cover is available, which is mounted on the
starter housing. This reduces the intake of cold air and
prevents large amounts of snow from being sucked in.
CAUTION! If the special winterising kit has been fitted or
any measures have been taken to increase the
temperature these changes must be reversed before the
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MAINTENANCE
Maintenance schedule
The following is a list of the maintenance that must be performed on the machine. Most of the items are described in the
Maintenance section.
Daily maintenance
Weekly maintenance
Monthly maintenance
Check the brake band on the chain
brake for wear. Replace when less
than 0.6 mm (0,024 inch) remains at
the most worn point.
On chain saws without a catalytic
converter, check the cooling system
weekly.
Clean the outside of the machine.
Check that the components of the
throttle control work safely. (Throttle
lockout and throttle control.)
Check the starter, starter cord and
return spring.
Check the clutch centre, clutch drum
and clutch spring for wear.
Clean the chain brake and check that
it operates safely. Make sure that the Check that the vibration damping
Clean the spark plug. Check that the
electrode gap is 0.5 mm.
chain catcher is undamaged, and
replace it if necessary.
elements are not damaged.
The bar should be turned regularly for
more even wear. Check the
lubrication hole in the bar, to be sure it
is not clogged. Clean the bar groove.
If the bar has a sprocket tip, this
should be lubricated.
Lubricate the clutch drum bearing.
Clean the outside of the carburettor.
Check that the bar and chain are
getting sufficient oil.
File off any burrs from the edges of
the bar.
Check the fuel filter and the fuel hose.
Replace if necessary.
Check the saw chain with regard to
visible cracks in the rivets and links,
whether the saw chain is stiff or
whether the rivets and links are
abnormally worn. Replace if
necessary.
Clean or replace the spark arrestor
mesh on the muffler.
Empty the fuel tank and clean the
inside.
Sharpen the chain and check its
tension and condition.Check the drive
sprocket for excessive wear and
replace if necessary.
Empty the oil tank and clean the
inside.
Clean the carburettor compartment.
Clean the air filter. Replace if
necessary.
Clean the starter units air intake.
Check all cables and connections.
Check that nuts and screws are tight.
Check that the stop switch works
correctly.
Check that there are no fuel leaks
from the engine, tank or fuel lines.
On chain saws with a catalytic
converter, check the cooling system
daily.
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TECHNICAL DATA
Technical data
445
445e
450e
Engine
Cylinder displacement, cm3
Cylinder bore, mm
Stroke, mm
45,7
42
45,7
42
50,2
44
33
33
33
Idle speed, rpm
2700
2,1/9000
2700
2,1/9000
2700
2,4/9000
Power, kW/ rpm
Ignition system
Manufacturer of ignition system
Type of ignition system
Spark plug
Walbro
Walbro
Walbro
MBU-16
MBU-16
MBU-16
NGK BPMR 7A/
NGK BPMR 7A/
NGK BPMR 7A/
Champion RCJ 7Y/ Champion RCJ 7Y/ Champion RCJ 7Y/
Husqvarna PR 17Y Husqvarna PR 17Y Husqvarna PR 17Y
Electrode gap, mm
0,5
0,5
0,5
Fuel and lubrication system
Manufacturer of carburettor
Carburettor type
Zama
EL 37
0,45
Zama
EL 37
0,45
Zama
EL 37
0,45
Fuel tank capacity, litre
Oil pump capacity at 9,000 rpm, ml/min
Oil tank capacity, litre
13
13
13
0,26
0,26
0,26
Type of oil pump
Not adjustable
Not adjustable
Not adjustable
Weight
Chain saw without bar or chain, empty tanks, kg
Noise emissions (see note 1)
Sound power level, measured dB(A)
Sound power level, guaranteed LWA dB(A)
Sound levels (see note 2)
4,9
5,1
5,1
112
114
112
114
113
115
Equivalent sound pressure level at operator’s ear, measured
according to relevant international standards, dB(A)
103
103
104
Vibration levels (see note 3)
Front handle, m/s2
Rear handle, m/s2
1,9
2,6
1,9
2,6
2,3
2,7
Chain/bar
Standard bar length, inch/cm
Recommended bar lengths, inch/cm
Usable cutting length, inch/cm
Pitch, inch/mm
13"/33
13"/33
13"/33
13-20/33-50
12-19/31-49
0,325/8,25
0,050/1,3
0,058/1,5
Spur/7
13-20/33-50
12-19/31-49
0,325/8,25
0,050/1,3
0,058/1,5
Spur/7
13-20/33-50
12-19/31-49
0,325/8,25
0,050/1,3
0,058/1,5
Spur/7
Thickness of drive links, inch/mm
Type of drive sprocket/number of teeth
Chain speed at max. power, m/sec
17,3
17,3
17,3
Note 1: Noise emissions in the environment measured as sound power (L ) in conformity with EC directive 2000/14/EC.
WA
Note 2: Equivalent sound pressure level, according to ISO 22868, is calculated as the time-weighted energy total for
noise pressure levels under various working conditions with the following time distribution: 1/3 idling, 1/3 max. load, 1/3
max. speed.
Note 3: Equivalent vibration level, according to ISO 22867, is calculated as the time-weighted energy total for vibration
levels under various working conditions with the following time distribution: 1/3 idling, 1/3 max. load, 1/3 max. speed.
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TECHNICAL DATA
Bar and chain combinations
The following combinations are CE approved.
Bar
Chain
Length, inch Pitch, inch Gauge, mm
Max. nose radius
Type
Length, drive links (no.)
13
15
16
18
20
13
15
16
18
20
0,325
0,325
0,325
0,325
0,325
0,325
0,325
0,325
0,325
0,325
10T
10T
10T
10T
10T
10T
10T
10T
10T
12T
56
64
66
72
78
56
64
66
72
78
1,3
1,5
Husqvarna H30
Husqvarna H25
Saw chain filing and file gauges
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TECHNICAL DATA
EC-declaration of conformity
(Applies to Europe only)
Husqvarna AB, SE-561 82 Huskvarna, Sweden, tel: +46-36-146500, declares under sole responsibility that the chain
saws Husqvarna 445, 445e and 450e from 2007’s serial numbers and onwards (the year is clearly stated in plain text
on the type plate with subsequent serial number), are in conformity with the requirements of the COUNCIL’S
DIRECTIVES:
- of June 22, 1998 ”relating to machinery” 98/37/EC, annex IIA.
- of May 3, 1989 ”relating to electromagnetic compatibility” 89/336/EEC, and applicable supplements.
- of May 8, 2000 ”relating to the noise emissions in the environment” 2000/14/EC.
For information relating to noise emissions, see the chapter Technical data.The following standards have been applied:
EN ISO 12100-2:2003, CISPR 12:2005, EN ISO 11681-1:2004
Notified body: 0404, SMP Svensk Maskinprovning AB, Fyrisborgsgatan 3, SE-754 50 Uppsala, Sweden, has carried
out EC type examination in accordance with the machinery directive’s (98/37/EC) article 8, point 2c.The certificates for
EC type examination in accordance with annex VI, have the numbers: 404/07/1194 - 445, 445e, 404/07/1206 - 450e.
In addition, SMP, Svensk Maskinprovning AB, Fyrisborgsgatan 3, SE-754 50 Uppsala, Sweden, has certified conformity
with annex V of the Council’s Directive of May 8, 2000 ”relating to the noise emissions in the environment” 2000/14/EC.
The certificates have the numbers: 01/161/068 - 445, 445e, 01/161/067 - 450e.
The supplied chain saw conforms to the example that underwent EC type examination.
Huskvarna 10 October 2007
Bengt Frögelius, Development director chainsaw R&D
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1151381-26
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´®z+SF,¶6+¨
2009-01-14
115 13 81-26 Rev.3 2009-01-14
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